Detergents, Cosmetics, Disinfectants, Pharma Chemicals

SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE
Sodium dehydroacetate is a compound with the formula Na(CH3C5HO(O2)(CH3)CO).
Sodium dehydroacetate is the sodium salt of dehydroacetic acid.
Sodium dehydroacetate has E number E266.

CAS: 4418-26-2
MF: C8H7NaO4
MW: 190.13
EINECS: 224-580-1

Sodium dehydroacetate is the sodium salt of dehydroacetate.
Sodium dehydroacetate is mainly used as a new generation food preservative and food additive, being used extensively in sauce, fruit, bread, cake, moon cake, margarine and beverage.
Sodium dehydroacetate (DHA-S) has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity that accounts for its use in cosmetic products as a preservative and antimicrobial agent.
Sodium dehydroacetate is effective in the treatment of both bacteria and fungi.
Sodium dehydroacetate is also a kind of anticoagulant agent through depleting the blood level of vitamin K.

Sodium dehydroacetate is a preservative that is used in the formulation of cosmetics and skincare products.
Preservatives are an important part of the formulation process they help to prevent your product from becoming contaminated by bacteria and molds as well as extend the shelf life and safety.
Preservatives have received a bit of a bad reputation in the beauty industry of late.
This reputation is mostly undeserved, without preservatives products would only last weeks and could lead to irritation, sensitivity, and infection if they weren’t included in the formula.

In cosmetics and skincare products, sodium dehydroacetate functions as an antimicrobial preservative.
Sodium dehydroacetate is used in a wide variety of products, including bath products, skincare products, sunscreens, fragrances, shaving products, hair, and nail care products, as well as eye and facial makeup.
Sodium dehydroacetate is an effective antimicrobial ingredient, even at low concentrations, less than and equal to 0.6%, against both bacteria and fungi.
The use of preservatives in cosmetics is important because these types of products have a high potential for microbial contamination and growth.
The most susceptible products are creams and lotions that are packaged in jars, opened frequently, and applied to the skin with the fingers.

Inadvertent contamination may also occur after the use of makeup brushes around the eyes or other parts of the face that touch the skin and the cosmetic repeatedly.
Each use increases the chance of contamination.
Furthermore, contamination may occur if you leave a product container open for an extended period of time.
Sodium Dehydroacetate is a preservative used in cosmetics and personal care products because of its antimicrobial properties.
Sodium Dehydroacetate is considered to be an effective antimicrobial and preservative even at very low concentrations, prohibiting the growth of bacterial and fungal microbes.
Sodium Dehydroacetate is the sodium salt of Dehydroacetic acid.
Sodium dehydroacetate is a paraben and formaldehyde-free preservative used in cosmetics and personal care products due to its antimicrobial and antifungal properties.
Sodium dehydroacetate functions primarily by prohibiting the growth of bacteria and fungus, although it may not necessarily kill already developed microbes.

Thus, careful attention should be paid to good production hygiene, as well as the use of raw materials with low microorganism levels, as these are vital prerequisites for the production of well preserved products.
Sodium dehydroacetate, a white crystalline powder with a slight odor, is the sodium salt of dehydroacetic acid obtained by a synthetic process.
Sodium dehydroacetate has antimicrobial and anti-mould activity and acts against both Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria.
Sodium dehydroacetate's effectiveness depends a lot on the pH which must be between 5 and 6.5 and in cosmetics Sodium dehydroacetate is used as a preservative in most cosmetic preparations, except for spray products.
Sodium dehydroacetate is used with a maximum concentration of 0.6%.

Sodium dehydroacetate Chemical Properties
Melting point: ~295 °C (dec.)
Density: 1.499[at 20℃]
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: 330g/l
pka: 5.36[at 20 ℃]
Form: Powder
Color: White to yellow
PH: 8.8-9.3 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water, propylene glycol and methanol. Insoluble in acetone and benzene.
BRN: 4893653
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: ZPNRBQVNNIDJHX-UHFFFAOYSA-M
LogP: -4.38 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 4418-26-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium dehydroacetate (4418-26-2)

Uses
Sodium dehydroacetate is the sodium salt of dehydroacetic acid, a fungicide, and bactericide that is commonly used as a food preservative.
Fungicides have the ability to kill fungi or their spores, whereas bactericides are capable of destroying bacteria.
This means that sodium dehydroacetate is able to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi in your products.

Sodium dehydroacetate, a related ingredient, is an effective preservative, however, it is almost insoluble in water.
This limits its use in cosmetics formulations as many of these types of products have a water base.
Sodium dehydroacetate is why sodium dehydroacetate is used as it has a greater solubility in water.

In addition to use in the cosmetic industry, sodium dehydroacetate can be used as a food preservative.
Sodium dehydroacetate is used extensively in sauce, fruit, bread, cake, moon cake, margarine, and beverages.
Sodium dehydroacetate has the E number E266.
Sodium dehydroacetate is a white crystalline powder with no odor.

In medicine, Sodium Dehydroacetate has used for the treatment of feet Trichophyton infection.
Sodium dehydroacetate is effective in low concentrations, a widely used cosmetic preservative soluble in water, glycols, and methanol.

Sodium Dehydroacetate is an antimicrobial ingredient, with a fungicide, pesticide, and bactericide action, which can be used as a preservative.
Sodium dehydroacetate is used in lotions, eye shadow products, bar soap products, toothpaste, and a wide range of personal care products.
Sodium dehydroacetate is a hypoallergenic and non-irritating ingredient, as only a few cases of sensitization are described in scientific literature.

Sodium dehydroacetate is used in the food industry as preservative for fruits, vegetables, fruit juice, honey, beer, milk, protein and fat products; in human and veterinary medicine as bactericide and fungicide.
Geogard(R) 111S preservative is based on dehydroacetic acid (DHA), the sodium salt form (NaDHA) and therefore are recognized by major cosmetic, toiletry and fragrance regulatory authorities worldwide for use in cosmetic and personal care products.
sodium dehydroacetate is a preservative against bacteria and fungi that is used at concentration levels of 1.0 percent or less.
Sodium dehydroacetate is useful in combination with parabens.
Sodium dehydroacetate may cause skin irritation.

Synonyms
SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE
DTXSID7026029
C8H7O4.Na
sodium;(1E)-1-(6-methyl-2,4-dioxopyran-3-ylidene)ethanolate
C8-H7-O4.Na
Dehydroacetic acid, sodium salt
Sodium 1- (3, 4- dihydro- 6- methyl- 2, 4- dioxo- 2H- pyran- 3- ylidene)ethanolate
DTXCID806029
CHEMBL3186518
SCHEMBL14251071
Tox21_300075
NCGC00254206-01
CAS-4418-26-2
sodium (1E)-1-(6-methyl-2,4-dioxo-2H-pyran-3(4H)-ylidene)ethanolate
SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE ( Déhydroacétate de sodium)
cas no 7789-12-0 Dichromic acid disodium aalt dihydrate; Sodium dichromate dihydrate; Disodium dichromate dihydrate; Sodium dichromate; Natriumdichromat (German); Dicromato de sodio (Spanish); Dichromate de sodium (French); Sodio (dicromato di) (Italian);
SODIUM DIACETATE

Sodium diacetate is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H7NaO4.
Sodium diacetate is a sodium salt of acetic acid and is commonly used as a food additive and preservative.
Sodium diacetate is a white, crystalline powder with a slightly vinegary or acetic acid-like odor.

CAS Number: 126-96-5
EC Number: 204-814-9



APPLICATIONS


Sodium diacetate has various applications primarily in the food industry, where it serves as a versatile food additive.
Some of its key applications include:

Food Preservation:
Sodium diacetate acts as a preservative in a wide range of food products, inhibiting the growth of bacteria, mold, and yeast.
Sodium diacetate helps extend the shelf life of items such as meat, poultry, seafood, snacks, and baked goods.

Seasonings and Flavors:
Sodium diacetate is used in seasoning blends and flavor formulations to provide a tangy and sour taste profile.
Sodium diacetate enhances the overall flavor experience in products like chips, popcorn, nuts, and other snacks.

Pickling:
Sodium diacetate is an essential ingredient in pickling solutions for cucumbers, beets, onions, and other vegetables.
Sodium diacetate imparts the desired tangy flavor to pickled products.

Meat and Poultry Products:
Sodium diacetate is commonly used in meat and poultry processing as an antimicrobial agent to reduce microbial contamination and enhance product safety.

Bakery Products:
Sodium diacetate is utilized in the baking industry as a dough conditioner, improving texture and freshness in bread, rolls, and pastries.

Salad Dressings and Sauces:
Sodium diacetate acts as an acidifier, adding a tangy flavor to salad dressings, mayonnaise, and various sauces.

Ready-to-Eat Meals:
Sodium diacetate is found in convenience foods like flavored noodles and ready-to-eat meals to enhance taste and preserve freshness.

Snack Seasonings:
Sodium diacetate is used in the seasoning blends of flavored popcorn, tortilla chips, and extruded snacks, providing a tangy taste.

Cheese:
Sodium diacetate contributes to the characteristic tanginess in certain types of cheese, such as processed cheese spreads.

Dry Mixes:
Sodium diacetate is incorporated into dry seasoning mixes and condiments for convenient use in home cooking and flavor enhancement.

Flavored Coatings:
Sodium diacetate is used to create flavored coatings for nuts, seeds, and dried fruits.

Instant Soups and Noodles:
Sodium diacetate enhances the flavor of instant soups, noodles, and bouillon cubes.

Ready-to-Eat Meats:
Sodium diacetate is used as a preservative in ready-to-eat deli meats, sausages, and jerky.

Flavored Vinegars:
Sodium diacetate is sometimes added to flavored vinegars to enhance their tanginess.

Meat Rubs and Marinades:
Sodium diacetate is an ingredient in meat rubs and marinades for grilling and barbecuing.

Salad Kits:
Sodium diacetate is used in salad kits to provide ready-to-use dressings with extended shelf life.

Processed Seafood:
Sodium diacetate helps preserve the freshness of processed seafood products like smoked fish.

Flavor Enhancement in Processed Foods:
Sodium diacetate is used in various processed foods like canned vegetables, beans, and condiments to improve taste and extend shelf life.

Flavored Potato Chips:
Sodium diacetate is utilized to create tangy and sour flavored potato chips.

Dried Snacks:
Sodium diacetate enhances the flavor of dried fruits and vegetables used as snacks.


Sodium diacetate is a white, crystalline powder with a slightly vinegary odor.
Sodium diacetate is a sodium salt of acetic acid, also known as sodium hydrogen diacetate.

Sodium diacetate is a food-grade chemical widely used as a preservative and flavor enhancer.
Sodium diacetate is highly soluble in water, making it suitable for various food applications.

As a food preservative, Sodium diacetate inhibits the growth of bacteria, mold, and yeast, extending the shelf life of products.
Its antimicrobial properties make it effective in preventing spoilage in meat and poultry products.

Sodium diacetate serves as an acidifier, imparting a tangy or sour taste to foods like pickles and sauces.
Sodium diacetate is used in the production of snacks, providing a tangy flavor to chips and popcorn.
Sodium diacetate is an important ingredient in seasoning blends for convenience foods like flavored noodles and ready-to-eat meals.
Sodium diacetate acts as a dough conditioner, improving the texture and freshness of baked goods.

Sodium diacetate contributes to the characteristic tanginess in certain types of cheese.
Sodium diacetate is commonly used in the production of bread and pastry products to enhance flavor and texture.

Sodium diacetate is effective in controlling pH levels in food formulations to maintain acidity.
As a flavor enhancer, Sodium diacetate adds a mild, acidic taste to dressings and condiments.
Sodium diacetate is a safe and approved food additive, widely used in the food industry.

Sodium diacetate is often found in seasonings for meat and poultry rubs, marinades, and glazes.
Sodium diacetate is used in potato and tortilla chip seasoning to provide a tangy kick to the snacks.
Sodium diacetate is a cost-effective alternative to acetic acid in certain applications.
Its crystalline structure allows for easy blending into food formulations.

Sodium diacetate is stable under normal storage conditions, maintaining its effectiveness as a preservative.
Sodium diacetate is non-toxic and has a low impact on the sensory characteristics of food products.
Sodium diacetate helps prevent bacterial growth and spoilage in mayonnaise, salad dressings, and sauces.

Sodium diacetate is an essential ingredient in the production of flavored popcorn and snack coatings.
Sodium diacetate is commonly used in the seasoning of jerky and other dried meat products.

Sodium diacetate is recognized as safe by regulatory authorities and is widely accepted as a food additive in various regions.
Sodium diacetate is widely used as a food preservative in various products to extend their shelf life.
Sodium diacetate is commonly added to processed meats, such as sausages and deli meats, to inhibit microbial growth and enhance product safety.
Sodium diacetate finds extensive use in the pickling industry to add tanginess and act as a preservative in pickled vegetables.

In the bakery sector, Sodium diacetate serves as a dough conditioner, enhancing the texture and freshness of bread and baked goods.
Salad dressings and mayonnaise often contain Sodium diacetate as an acidifier, contributing to their tangy taste.
Sodium diacetate is used in flavored popcorn seasonings, giving the snacks a tangy and savory flavor profile.

Sodium diacetate is a key ingredient in ready-to-eat meal formulations, preserving the taste and quality of convenience foods.
Sodium diacetate acts as a flavor enhancer in various snacks, including potato chips, tortilla chips, and nuts, providing a tangy kick.
Sodium diacetate is utilized in the production of processed cheese spreads, contributing to their characteristic tanginess.

Instant soups and noodles contain Sodium diacetate to enhance flavor and improve the taste of the broth.
In the seasoning blends of meat rubs and marinades, Sodium diacetate imparts a tangy taste to grilled and barbecued meats.
Sodium diacetate is added to salad kits to create ready-to-use dressings that remain fresh for an extended period.
Sodium diacetate helps preserve the freshness of processed seafood, such as smoked fish.

Flavored vinegars may contain Sodium diacetate to enhance their tanginess and add a subtle sour note to the taste.
Sodium diacetate is used as a preservative in dried fruits and vegetables, maintaining their quality as snacks.
Processed foods, like canned vegetables and beans, often include Sodium diacetate to improve taste and prolong shelf life.
In the production of flavored coatings for nuts and seeds, Sodium diacetate enhances the overall taste experience.

Sodium diacetate is commonly used in flavored noodle seasonings to create savory and tangy broth flavors.
Sodium diacetate contributes to the characteristic taste of flavored bouillon cubes, enriching the taste of soups and stews.
Sodium diacetate is used in the formulation of ready-to-use sauces, providing a tangy flavor to dishes.
Sodium diacetate is employed in the preparation of flavored rice and pasta mixes to enhance taste and preserve freshness.

Sodium diacetate is used as a processing aid in the production of certain beverages and as an acidifier in fruit-flavored drinks.
In the convenience food industry, Sodium diacetate is added to instant mashed potatoes and stuffing mixes to improve taste.
Sodium diacetate is used in certain spice blends and condiments to add tanginess and enhance overall flavor profiles.
Sodium diacetate is a versatile food additive found in a wide array of processed food products, contributing to taste, safety, and shelf life.
Sodium diacetate is used in the production of flavored croutons, providing a tangy taste to salads and soups.

Sodium diacetate is added to some instant gravy mixes to enhance flavor and improve the overall taste of the gravy.
Sodium diacetate is used in the formulation of dry soup mixes, contributing to their savory and tangy flavors.

Sodium diacetate is employed in the seasoning of snack bars, creating a unique and appealing taste profile.
Sodium diacetate is used in the production of flavored rice cakes, enhancing the taste of these popular snacks.
Sodium diacetate is added to certain spice blends for meat and vegetable dishes to add a tangy twist to the flavor.

Sodium diacetate is utilized in the preparation of flavored cracker seasonings, providing a zesty taste.
Sodium diacetate is added to some flavored popcorn toppings, creating a delightful combination of sweet and tangy flavors.
Sodium diacetate is used in the formulation of flavored soy snacks, adding a tangy kick to the products.
Sodium diacetate is employed in the seasoning blends for flavored pretzels, contributing to their unique taste.

Sodium diacetate is added to certain powdered cheese mixes for instant macaroni and cheese products, enhancing their flavor.
Sodium diacetate is used in the preparation of flavored rice snacks, creating tasty and tangy treats.
Sodium diacetate is employed in the seasoning of potato snacks like potato crisps and chips, adding a tangy edge.
Sodium diacetate is added to certain dry dip mixes, creating a flavorful and tangy dip for chips and vegetables.

Sodium diacetate is used in the formulation of some instant gravy granules, enhancing taste and convenience.
Sodium diacetate is utilized in the seasoning blends for flavored tortilla chips, providing a unique taste experience.
Sodium diacetate is added to certain cheese powder blends for flavored cheese sauces, enhancing the tanginess of the sauce.

Sodium diacetate is used in the production of flavored bread crumbs, creating a zesty coating for fried foods.
Sodium diacetate is employed in the seasoning of flavored popcorn kernels, resulting in a tangy popcorn experience.

Sodium diacetate is added to certain salad toppings and croutons, contributing to the overall taste and texture of the salad.
Sodium diacetate is used in the preparation of flavored sandwich spreads, providing a tangy twist to sandwiches.
Sodium diacetate is utilized in the formulation of some instant stuffing mixes, adding flavor and convenience to meals.
Sodium diacetate is added to certain flavored instant pasta mixes, enhancing the taste of the pasta dishes.

Sodium diacetate is used in the seasoning of some flavored trail mixes, creating a delicious and tangy blend.
Sodium diacetate is employed in the preparation of some flavored nut and seed snacks, adding a zesty kick.



DESCRIPTION


Sodium diacetate is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H7NaO4.
Sodium diacetate is a sodium salt of acetic acid and is commonly used as a food additive and preservative.
Sodium diacetate is a white, crystalline powder with a slightly vinegary or acetic acid-like odor.
Sodium diacetate is a versatile chemical with several functions, including:

Preservative:
Sodium diacetate acts as a preservative to inhibit the growth of bacteria, mold, and yeast in food products, thereby extending their shelf life.

Acidifier:
Sodium diacetate provides acidity to food products, contributing to their tart or tangy taste.

Flavor Enhancer:
Sodium diacetate enhances the flavor of certain foods, especially those with a tangy or acidic taste profile.

Anti-microbial Agent:
Sodium diacetate helps to prevent spoilage and bacterial contamination in various food items.

pH Control:
Sodium diacetate can be used to adjust the pH of food products to maintain their desired acidity level.

Dough Conditioner:
Sodium diacetate is used as a dough conditioner in baked goods to improve texture and shelf life.

Seasoning:
Sodium diacetate is also used as a seasoning in various snacks and convenience foods.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C4H7NaO4
Molecular Weight: 142.09 g/mol
IUPAC Name: Sodium 2-acetoxycarbonylethanoate
CAS Number: 126-96-5
EC Number: 204-814-9
Appearance: White, crystalline powder
Odor: Slightly vinegary or acetic acid-like odor
Solubility: Highly soluble in water
pH (1% solution): Approximately 4.5 - 5.0
Melting Point: Decomposes at around 150°C (302°F)
Density: 1.36 g/cm³
Hygroscopicity: Slightly hygroscopic
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of food ingredients
Acidity: Acts as an acidifier, contributing to a tangy taste
Preservative Effect: Exhibits antimicrobial properties, inhibiting bacterial, mold, and yeast growth
Flavor Enhancement: Enhances the overall flavor profile of food products
Dough Conditioning: Acts as a dough conditioner, improving the texture and freshness of baked goods
pH Control: Helps adjust and maintain the pH level in food formulations
Safety: Considered safe for consumption as a food additive in recommended amounts
Toxicity: Low acute oral toxicity; no significant hazards under normal handling conditions



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Sodium diacetate dust or particles are accidentally inhaled, move the affected person to an area with fresh air immediately.
If the person experiences difficulty breathing or respiratory distress, seek immediate medical attention or call emergency services.
Provide oxygen support, if available and trained to do so, while waiting for medical assistance.


Skin Exposure:

In case of skin contact with Sodium diacetate, remove contaminated clothing and accessories immediately.
Wash the affected skin area gently but thoroughly with soap and water.
Rinse the skin with water for at least 15 minutes to ensure complete removal of any residual substances.
If skin irritation, redness, or other symptoms persist or worsen, seek medical attention promptly.


Eye Exposure:

If Sodium diacetate comes into contact with the eyes, immediately flush the affected eye(s) with clean water or saline solution for at least 15 minutes.
Hold the eye open while flushing to ensure thorough rinsing of the eye surface.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact an ophthalmologist if eye irritation, pain, or vision problems persist.


Ingestion:

If Sodium diacetate is accidentally ingested, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by a healthcare professional or poison control center.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water if the substance was swallowed accidentally.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center for further guidance.


General Precautions:

Always handle Sodium diacetate or any food additive in a controlled and safe manner following good manufacturing practices (GMP) and safety guidelines.
Avoid direct skin contact and inhalation of fine particles or dust during handling and processing of Sodium diacetate.
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as safety goggles, gloves, lab coat, and a dust mask if necessary.
Store Sodium diacetate in designated areas, away from incompatible substances, heat, and moisture, following the manufacturer's recommendations.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling Conditions:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
When handling Sodium diacetate, wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, a lab coat or protective clothing, and closed-toe shoes.
PPE helps minimize skin and eye contact and prevents inhalation of fine particles or dust.

Avoid Inhalation:
To prevent inhalation of fine particles or dust, handle Sodium diacetate in a well-ventilated area.
Use local exhaust ventilation, if available, to control airborne dust levels.

Prevent Skin Contact:
Minimize direct skin contact with Sodium diacetate.
In case of accidental skin contact, wash the affected area with soap and water.

Avoid Eye Contact:
Avoid direct eye contact with Sodium diacetate.
If it comes into contact with the eyes, immediately flush with clean water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Use in a Controlled Manner:
Handle Sodium diacetate in a controlled manner and follow recommended usage levels to ensure the safe and appropriate use of the food additive.

Mixing and Dilution:
When incorporating Sodium diacetate into food formulations, follow specific instructions for mixing and dilution to ensure uniform distribution and proper blending.

No Eating, Drinking, or Smoking:
Prohibit eating, drinking, or smoking in areas where Sodium diacetate is handled to prevent accidental ingestion or exposure.

Containment:
Use appropriate containers and storage units to prevent spills and leaks.
Practice good hygiene and containment measures to avoid cross-contamination.


Storage Conditions:

Temperature and Humidity:
Store Sodium diacetate in a cool, dry place at the recommended temperature and humidity range specified by the manufacturer.
Avoid exposure to direct sunlight or extreme temperatures.

Keep Containers Sealed:
Ensure that containers of Sodium diacetate are tightly closed and properly sealed when not in use to maintain the food additive's quality and prevent moisture absorption.

Separate from Incompatible Substances:
Store Sodium diacetate away from incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, and moisture-sensitive substances.

Segregation:
Store Sodium diacetate in designated areas, away from other chemicals or products, to prevent cross-contamination.



SYNONYMS


Acetic acid sodium salt
Sodium ethanoate
Sodium ethanoic acid
E262 (food additive number)
Acetate of soda
Sodium acetic acid
Sodium ethanoate
Sodium acetas


SODIUM DIETHYLHEXYL SULFOSUCCINATE
SODIUM DILAURETH-7 CITRATE, Nom INCI : SODIUM DILAURETH-7 CITRATE. Classification : Composé éthoxylé. Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile). Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM DILAURETH-7 CITRATE
cas no 128-04-1 Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate; Carbam-S; SDDC; Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt; Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt; Methyl namate; N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt; N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt; Sodam; Sodium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate; Sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate; Sodium dimethylaminecarbodithioate; Sodium dimethylaminocarbodithioate; Sodium dimethylcarbamodithioate; Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate; Thiostop N;
SODIUM DIMETHYL CARBAMODITHIOATE
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is also known as Dimethyldithiocarbamate, its chemical name is sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate (English name sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate), also known as N,N-Dimethyldithiocanbamate sodium salt (N,N-Dimethyldithiocanbamate sodium salt) ), the molecular formula containing two crystal waters is C3H6NS2Na·2H2O.


CAS Number: 128-04-1
EC Number: 204-876-7
MDL Number: MFCD00150729
Molecular Formula: C3H6NNaS2


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is crystals or liquid.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate becomes anhydrous at 266 °F.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 tonnes per annum.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is a clear yellow liquid or yellow crystalline solid.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is a scaly white crystal, which is easily soluble in water.
The crystal obtained by the crystallization method contains 2.5 molecules of crystal water, which loses 2 molecules of crystal water when heated to 115 °C, and completely loses crystal water at 130 °C.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is a 15% aqueous solution, a yellowish or grass-green transparent liquid, a relative density of 1.06, and a pH of 9 to 11.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate's melting point is 120-122°C (dec.)(lit.)
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate's density is 1.17.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is scaly white crystal, which is easily soluble in water, the crystals obtained by the crystallization method contained 2.5 molecules of water of crystallization, and lost 2 molecules of water of crystallization when heated to 115 ° C and completely lost water of crystallization at 130 ° C.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is SDD is scaly white crystal, easily soluble in water, the crystallization method of crystallization crystallization water containing 2.5 molecules, lose 2 molecular crystal water when heated to 115 ℃, 130 ℃ completely lose crystal water.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is an intermediate of fungicides, fumedouble, fumeirite, fumeammonium, fumezine, and fumenickel.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is easily soluble in water. The crystal obtained by crystallization method contains 2.5 molecules of crystal water.
When heated to 115°C, Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate loses 2 molecules of crystal water, and it is completely at 130°C.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate has loss of crystal water.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is a 15% aqueous solution, which is a light yellow or grass green transparent liquid.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM DIMETHYL CARBAMODITHIOATE:
In industry, Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as an accelerator and curing agent of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, and latex, and as an additive of lubricating oil in oil processing.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate can also be used as an anti-mildew agent for lacquer cloth, which can replace the high toxic anti-mildew agent high mercuric chloride.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is a protective fungicide in agriculture.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used for leaf spraying, seed treatment, soil treatment, and prevention and control of grain smut, the seedling blight of many crops, fruit trees, vegetables, wheat, and other diseases.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate can also be used as a repellent for beetles, rats, rabbits, and deer.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is a disinfectant and bactericide, which can be made into 1% medicated soap for use.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is also used as a polymerization terminator of styrene-butadiene rubber.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as emulsion polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber, the terminator of styrene-butadiene latex, industrial bactericide, metal precipitant, vulcanization accelerator of rubber products, and agricultural insecticide.


In the rubber industry, Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as a terminator of emulsion polymerized lower styrene rubber and lower styrene latex, a vulcanization accelerator of rubber products, a bactericidal and Algaecidal and slime preventive agent in industrial water treatment, a bactericidal and Algaecidal agent in petroleum and paper industry, and a pesticide in agriculture.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Release to the environment of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used in the following areas: scientific research and development.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used for the manufacture of: rubber products, food products, pulp, paper and paper products, chemicals and fabricated metal products.


Release to the environment of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate can occur from industrial use: as processing aid, in processing aids at industrial sites and as processing aid.
Release to the environment of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is mainly used for synthetic rubber(short-stopper), water treatment, fungicide, industrial bactericide, mineral separation, electroplate and so on.


As a chelating agent, Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used for waste incineration power plants to separate heavy metals from fly ash.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as soil disinfectant.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as a disinfectant, corrosion inhibitor, coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent, and fungicide.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used in water treatment, the rubber industry, and is a registered biocide for cutting oils and aqueous systems in industries such as leather tanning and paper manufacturing.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is also used as an antimicrobial agent in paints.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is styrene butadiene rubber polymerization termination agent, used as termination agent of emulsion type styrene butadiene rubber and styrene butadiene latex, industrial bactericide, vulcanization accelerator and insecticide
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is able to function as metal chelators and have been used in metal finishing operations and wastewater treatments to enhance the precipitation of metals.


As a free radical inhibitor, Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate has been used in the rubber industry to rapidly stop the polymerization of synthesis.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is also used as a biocide for cutting oils and aqueous systems such as leather tanning and paper manufacturing.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used in studies to develop removal of heavy metals from water by sulfide precipitation.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as a disinfectant, corrosion inhibitor, coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent, and fungicide may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is also used as an antimicrobial agent in paints.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used Herbicide, biocide (cutting oils and aqueous systems), coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent; water treatment (precipitate heavy metal ions); stops polymerization of synthetic latexes in rubber
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used in studies to develop removal of heavy metals from water by sulfide precipitation.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as an antimicrobial/fungicidal agent in paints, water treatment.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used in the rubber industry as a vulcanization accelerator for making synthetic and natural rubbers (i.e., butadiene rubber, latex).
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as a fungicide on melons (tolerance set as 25 ppm).
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as an antimicrobial/fungicidal agent in paints, water treatment.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used in the rubber industry as a vulcanization accelerator for making synthetic and natural rubbers (i.e., butadiene rubber, latex).
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as a fungicide on melons (tolerance set as 25 ppm).
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate can also be used as a soil disinfectant.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is an intermediate of fungicides forme, forme iron, forme ammonium, forme zinc and forme nickel.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as a Terminator for Emulsion Styrene-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene latex, industrial bactericide, metal precipitant, vulcanization accelerator for rubber products and agricultural pesticides, etc.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is an intermediate of bactericide fumed bis, fumed iron, fumed ammonium, fumed zinc and fumed nickel.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is a disinfectant and can be used as 1% medicinal soap.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is also used as a styrene-butadiene rubber polymerization terminator.
Intermediates of the rubber accelerator Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate.


Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as a terminator for emulsion polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene latex, industrial fungicide, metal precipitant, vulcanization accelerator for rubber products, and agricultural insecticides.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is mainly used as bactericide, rubber accelerator, etc.


-Biocidal Uses of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate:
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used for preservation of fibres, leather, rubber, or polymers, preservation for liquid systems, controlling slimes.


-Application of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate:
*Industrial waste water treatment
*Sugar industry
*Chemical industry
*Heavy metal precipitator
*Paper making industry
*Bactericide, inhibitor
*Rubber vulcanization accelerator



FUNCTIONS OF SODIUM DIMETHYL CARBAMODITHIOATE:
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is one of the important dialkyl dithiocarbamates, so it has the general characteristics of salt, can produce a series of other metal salts, and has a wide range of social uses.
For example, Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate can be used as a terminator and vulcanization accelerator in the rubber industry, bactericide and algicide in industrial water treatment, petroleum and papermaking industries, pesticide production in agriculture, and mineral processing agent in the mining industry.



PREPARATION OF SODIUM DIMETHYL CARBAMODITHIOATE:
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is prepared by combining dimethylamine with carbon disulfide in a solution of sodium hydroxide, forming the water-soluble dithiocarbamate salt.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM DIMETHYL CARBAMODITHIOATE:
Molecular Weight: 143.21
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 129.40 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 10.200000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 90.00 °F. TCC ( 32.00 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 0.745 (est)
Soluble in: water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Appearance: off-white powder
PH: 9.5-12.5
Purity: 95%
Density: 1.17
Melting Point: 120-122ºC
Boiling Point 130ºC
Flash Point: 32ºC
Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Storage Condition: 0-6ºC
Molecular Weight: 143.21
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 142.98393582
Monoisotopic Mass: 142.98393582
Topological Polar Surface Area: 36.3 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 7
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 64
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Physical state: clear, liquid
Color: light yellow
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: at 20 °C soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available

Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
Melting point : 120-122 °C (dec.)(lit.)
density: 1.17
vapor pressure : 0 Pa at 25℃
storage temp.: 0-6°C
solubility: Soluble in water
form: powder to crystal
color: White to Almost white
Specific Gravity: 1.18
Water Solubility: 374g/L at 20℃
Hydrolytic Sensitivity 0: forms stable aqueous solutions
BRN : 3569024
InChIKey: NQVBYQPOGVWUPK-UHFFFAOYSA-M

LogP: -1 at 20℃
Molecular Weight: 143.21
Molecular Formula: C3H6NNaS2
Canonical SMILES: CN(C)C(=S)[S-].[Na+]
InChI: InChI=1S/C3H7NS2.Na/c1-4(2)3(5)6;/h1-2H3,(H,5,6);/q;+1/p-1
InChIKey: VMSRVIHUFHQIAL-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Boiling Point: 130 ℃
Melting Point: 120-122 ℃
Flash Point: 32ºC
Purity: 95 %
Density: 1.17 g/cm3
Appearance: Off-white powder
Storage: 0-6 ℃
Hazard Codes: Xn
HS Code: 2930909090
Log P: 1.03040
MDL: MFCD00044839
PSA: 6.63
Risk Statements: R22; R36
RTECS: FD3500000
Safety Statements: S26-S36
Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C3H6NNaS2·2H2O = 179.23
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
CAS RN: 128-04-1
Reaxys Registry Number: 969705
PubChem Substance ID: 87567354
Molecular Formula: C3H6NNaS2
Molar Mass: 143.21
Density: 1.17
Melting Point: 120-122°C (dec.)(lit.)
Boling Point: 130℃
Water Solubility: 374g/L at 20℃
Solubility: Soluble in water
Vapor Presure: 0 Pa at 25℃
Appearance: Transparent yellow solution
Specific Gravity: 1.18
Color: White to Almost white
BRN: 3569024
Storage Condition: 0-6°C
Sensitive: 0: forms stable aqueous solutions
MDL: MFCD00150729



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM DIMETHYL CARBAMODITHIOATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM DIMETHYL CARBAMODITHIOATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM DIMETHYL CARBAMODITHIOATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM DIMETHYL CARBAMODITHIOATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Respiratory protection:
Not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM DIMETHYL CARBAMODITHIOATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM DIMETHYL CARBAMODITHIOATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
128-04-1
Sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate
Sanceler S
Sodium dimethylcarbamodithioate
Wing Stop B
Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt
Diaprosim AB 13
Aceto SDD 40
Carbamodithioic acid, dimethyl-, sodium salt
Dibam
Methyl namate
Thiostop N
Vulnopol NM
Alcobam NM
Dibam A
Sodium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate
Sharstop 204
Brogdex 555
DMDK
SDDC
Sta-fresh 615
Steriseal liquid #40
769GO8W6QQ
Carbamodithioic acid, N,N-dimethyl-, sodium salt (1:1)
Sodium dimethylaminecarbodithioate
Sodium dimethylaminocarbodithioate
Carbamic acid, dimethyldithio- sodium salt
N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt
DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMIC ACID, SODIUM SALT
Vinditat
Vinstop
Diram
Sdmdtc
Sodam
Nocceler S
Carbam S
Carbam-S
CHEMBL569460
MSL (carbamate)
CAS-128-04-1
Amersep MP 3R
MetalPlex 143
Nalmet A 1
NSC-85566
Caswell No. 762
MSL
UNII-769GO8W6QQ
CCRIS 5535
CCRIS 9109
Carbamic acid, dimethyldithio-, sodium salt
HSDB 6811
sodium;N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioate
EINECS 204-876-7
NSC 85566
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 034804
Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium dihydrate
AI3-14673
N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid, sodium salt
EC 204-876-7
SCHEMBL23192
Carbamodithioic acid, dimethyl-, sodium salt, dihydrate
DTXSID6027050
Sodium Dimethyl Dithio Carbamate
CARBAMIC ACID, DIMETHYLDITHIO-, SODIUM SALT, DIHYDRATE
Dimethyldithiocarbamate, sodium salt
Tox21_201971
Tox21_300391
MFCD00044839
(DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATO)SODIUM
AKOS000120803
NCGC00254258-01
NCGC00259520-01
SODIUM DIMETHYLAMINODITHIOCARBAMATE
AS-16148
D0716
FT-0631748
SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE [HSDB]
128D041
J-005564
J-013553
Q27266473
SODIUM 2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)-2-THIOXOETHANETHIOLATE
Dimethyl dithiocarbamate, sodium salt
Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt, 40% solution
Sodiumdimethyldithiocarbamat
Sodium Dimethyl Dithiocarbamate (Sdd/Sdmc)
sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate solution
SMEC(MICTUREOF[128-04-1]AND[142-59-6])
Sodium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate 95%
(Dimethyldithiocarbamato)sodium
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC)
N,n-dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt
Methyl Namate
sodium-dimethylaminocarbodithioate
EPA Pesticide Code: 034804
N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamic Acid Sodium Salt
Sodium 2-(Dimethylamino)-2-thioxoethanethiolate
Sodium N,N-Dimethylcarbamodithioate
Sodium N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate
Sodium Dimethylaminodithiocarbamate
(Dimethyldithiocarbamato)sodium
Aceto SDD 40
Alcobam NM
Amersep MP 3R
Carbam S
DDC
Diaprosim AB 13
Dibam
Diram
MSL
MSL (carbamate)
MetalPlex 143
Methyl Namate
Midfloc 1300L
Nalmet A 1
Nocceler S
Nocceler S 35
Preventol Z-L
SDD
SDD (polymerization inhibitor)
SDDC
SMC
Sanceler S
Sanceler S 40
Sharstop 204
Sodam
Thiostop N Vinditat
Vulnopol NM
Wing Stop B
SDD
SDMC
acetosdd40
Ber Accelerator SDMC
Rubber Accelerator SDD
Sodiumdimethyldithiocarbamat
Sodium Dimethyldithiocarbamate
sodium dimethylcarbamodithioate
(Dimethyldithiocarbamato)sodium
Sodium Dimethyl Dithiocarbamate
Sodium Dimethyl Dithio Carbamate
Sodium N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate
dimethylcarbamothioylsulfanylsodium
Sodium N-dimethyl-dithiocarbaminate
Dimethyl dithiocarbamate, sodium salt
SMEC(MICTUREOF[128-04-1]AND[142-59-6])
sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate solution
N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate Sodium Salt
Dimethyldithiocarbamic Acid Sodium Salt
Sodium Dimethyl Dithio Carbamate
SDD
Sodium N-dimethyl-dithiocarbaminate
Dimethyldithiocarbamic Acid Sodium Salt
N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate Sodium Salt
Sodium N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate
Sodium Dimethyl Dithiocarbamate
SDMC
acetosdd40
sodium dimethylcarbamodithioate
dimethylcarbamothioylsulfanylsodium
Rubber Accelerator SDD
Ber Accelerator SDMC
Carbamodithioic acid,N,N-dimethyl-,sodium salt (1:1)
Carbamic acid,dimethyldithio-,sodium salt
Carbamodithioic acid,dimethyl-,sodium salt
Aceto SDD 40
Alcobam NM
Methyl Namate
SDDC
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
Thiostop N
Vulnopol NM
Wing Stop B
Sharstop 204
Sodium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate
Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt
N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt
Sodium dimethylaminocarbodithioate
MSL
Nocceler S
DDC
Sanceler S
Carbam S
Sodam
Dibam
Vinditat
Sodium dimethylaminodithiocarbamate
Amersep MP 3R
(Dimethyldithiocarbamato)sodium
Midfloc 1300L
MSL (carbamate)
Diaprosim AB 13
Diram
MetalPlex 143
Nalmet A 1
Nocceler S 35
Sanceler S 40
SDD
SDD (polymerization inhibitor)
Sodium N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioate
Preventol Z-L
Sodium 2-(dimethylamino)-2-thioxoethanethiolate
SMC
122544-46-1
165724-02-7
191490-26-3
Sodium Dimethyl Dithio Carbamate
SDD
Sodium N-dimethyl-dithiocarbaminate
Dimethyldithiocarbamic Acid Sodium Salt
N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate Sodium Salt
Sodium N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate
Sodium Dimethyl Dithiocarbamate
SDMC
acetosdd40
sodium dimethylcarbamodithioate
dimethylcarbamothioylsulfanylsodium
Rubber Accelerator SDD
Ber Accelerator SDMC







SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE
DESCRIPTION:

Sodium Dimethyldithiocarbamate sulfanide belongs to the class of organic compounds known as organic alkali metal salts.
These are organic salts of an alkali metal.
The alkali metal atom is usually in its ionic form.

CAS: 128-04-1
European Community (EC) Number: 204-876-7
Molecular Formula: C3H6NNaS2
Molecular Weight: 143.21
IUPAC Name: sodium;N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioate

Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on Sodium Dimethyldithiocarbamate
Sodium Dimethyldithiocarbamate is a yellowish aqueous solution and is used in the following applications:
• Biocide for paper mills, sugar mills, water treatment, leather industry
• Heavy metal scavenger

Clear yellow solution Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is a clear yellow liquid or yellow crystalline solid Crystals or liquid.
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate Becomes anhydrous at 266°F.

Dithiocarbamates (DCs) are a well-known group of pesticides which have been used to control a number of species belonging to taxonomically different groups, e.g., bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and molluscs for over 60 years.
The first integrated product containing sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) was registered in 1949.


APPLICATIONS OF SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE:
The methyl ester of dimethyldithiocarbamic acid is produced by the reaction of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate with dimethyl sulfate in aqueous medium in the presence of a small amount of emulsifier at 40° to 50° C.
Dimethyldithiocarbamic Acid Sodium Salt was used in studies to develop removal of heavy metals from water by sulfide precipitation.

Sodium N,N-dimethylthithiocarbamate is use as a disinfectant, corrosion inhibitor, coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent, and fungicide may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is also used as an antimicrobial agent in paints.



USES OF SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE:
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is used as Herbicide
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is used as biocide (cutting oils and aqueous systems)
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is used as coagulant

Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is used as vulcanizing agent
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is used as chelating agent
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is used as water treatment (precipitate heavy metal ions)
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate stops polymerization of synthetic latexes in rubber

Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate(SDMC) is used as a disinfectant, corrosion inhibitor, coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent, and fungicide.
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is used in water treatment, the rubber industry, and is a registered biocide for cutting oils and aqueous systems in industries such as leather tanning and paper manufacturing.
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is also used as an antimicrobial agent in paints.

Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is able to function as metal chelators and have been used in metal finishing operations and wastewater treatments to enhance the precipitation of metals.
As a free radical inhibitor, Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate has been used in the rubber industry to rapidly stop the polymerization of synthesis.
It is also used as a biocide for cutting oils and aqueous systems such as leather tanning and paper manufacturing.


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product









CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE:
Molecular Weight 143.21 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 2
Rotatable Bond Count 0
Exact Mass 142.98393582 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 142.98393582 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 36.3Ų
Heavy Atom Count 7
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 64
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 2
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 129.40 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 10.200000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 90.00 °F. TCC ( 32.00 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 0.745 (est)
Water Solubility 5.71 g/L
logP 0.63
logP -0.26
logS -1.4
Physiological Charge 0
Hydrogen Acceptor Count 0
Hydrogen Donor Count 0
Polar Surface Area 3.24 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count 1
Refractivity 34.62 m³•mol⁻¹
Polarizability 14.02 ų
Number of Rings 0
Bioavailability Yes
Rule of Five Yes
Ghose Filter No
Veber's Rule Yes
MDDR-like Rule No
PSA:36.3
XLogP3:1.03040
Appearance:Crystals or liquid. Becomes anhydrous at 266°F. (NTP, 1992)
Density:1.18 g/cm3
Melting Point:106-108 °C
Boiling Point:130ºC
Flash Point:32ºC
Melting point 120-122 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Density 1.17
vapor pressure 0Pa at 25℃
storage temp. 0-6°C
solubility Soluble in water
form powder to crystal
color White to Almost white
Specific Gravity 1.18
Water Solubility 374g/L at 20℃
Hydrolytic Sensitivity 0: forms stable aqueous solutions
BRN 3569024
InChIKey NQVBYQPOGVWUPK-UHFFFAOYSA-M
LogP -1 at 20℃
Water Solubility:
Slowly decomposes in aqueous solution to form carbon disulfide and methylamine or other amines. Such decompositions are accelerated by acids.
Storage Conditions:0-6°C
pH = 10.1 (1% aqueous solution); pH 12.6 (32% aqueous solution)
Dissociation Constants:
pKa = 5.4 for the organic portion /Estimated/

Air and Water Reactions:
Slowly decomposes in aqueous solution to form carbon disulfide and methylamine or other amines. Such decompositions are accelerated by acids.

Reactive Group:
Thiocarbamate Esters and Salts/Dithiocarbamate Esters and Salts

Reactivity Profile:
Flammable gases are generated by the combination with aldehydes, nitrides, and hydrides. Incompatible with acids, peroxides, and acid halides.


SYNONYMS OF SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE:

Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
128-04-1
Sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate
Sanceler S
Sodium dimethylcarbamodithioate
Wing Stop B
Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt
Diaprosim AB 13
Aceto SDD 40
Carbamodithioic acid, dimethyl-, sodium salt
Vinditat
Vinstop
Sdmdtc
Diram
Sodam
Nocceler S
Carbam S
Carbam-S
MSL (carbamate)
Amersep MP 3R
Dibam
MetalPlex 143
Nalmet A 1
Methyl namate
SDDC
Caswell No. 762
Thiostop N
Vulnopol NM
Alcobam NM
Dibam A
Sodium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate
Sharstop 204
Brogdex 555
DMDK
Sta-fresh 615
UNII-769GO8W6QQ
Steriseal liquid #40
Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt
769GO8W6QQ
CCRIS 5535
CCRIS 9109
Carbamic acid, dimethyldithio-, sodium salt
DTXSID6027050
HSDB 6811
sodium;N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioate
EINECS 204-876-7
NSC 85566
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 034804
Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium dihydrate
Sodium dimethylaminecarbodithioate
Sodium dimethylaminocarbodithioate
AI3-14673
N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid, sodium salt
EC 204-876-7
N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt
Carbamic acid, dimethyldithio- sodium salt
DTXCID207050
Carbamodithioic acid, dimethyl-, sodium salt, dihydrate
Carbamodithioic acid, N,N-dimethyl-, sodium salt (1:1)
DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMIC ACID, SODIUM SALT
CARBAMIC ACID, DIMETHYLDITHIO-, SODIUM SALT, DIHYDRATE
CHEMBL569460
CAS-128-04-1
NSC-85566
MSL
Febram
C3H6NS2.Na
SCHEMBL23192
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbanate
Sodium Dimethyl Dithio Carbamate
Tox21_201971
Tox21_300391
MFCD00044839
(DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATO)SODIUM
AKOS000120803
NCGC00254258-01
NCGC00259520-01
SODIUM DIMETHYLAMINODITHIOCARBAMATE
AS-16148
LS-49539
D0716
FT-0631748
SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE [HSDB]
J-005564
J-013553
Q27266473
SODIUM 2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)-2-THIOXOETHANETHIOLATE





SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE
SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE Dimethyldithiocarbamate Chemical structure of the dimethyldithiocarbamate anion Dimethyldithiocarbamate is the organosulfur anion with the formula (CH3)2NCS2−. It is one of the simplest organic dithiocarbamate. Uses It is a component of various pesticides and rubber chemicals in the form of its salts sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, and potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate) as well as its complexes zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate, ferric dimethyldithiocarbamate, and nickel bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate). Oxidation gives thiram. Properties Related Categories Building Blocks, Chemical Synthesis, Organic Building Blocks, Sulfur Compounds, Thiocarbonyl Compounds Molecular Weight of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 143.21 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 0 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 2 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Rotatable Bond Count of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 0 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Exact Mass of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 142.983936 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Monoisotopic Mass of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 142.983936 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Topological Polar Surface Area of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 36.3 Ų Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Heavy Atom Count of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 7 Computed by PubChem Formal Charge of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 0 Computed by PubChem Complexity of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 64 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Isotope Atom Count of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 0 Computed by PubChem Defined Atom Stereocenter Count of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 0 Computed by PubChem Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 0 Computed by PubChem Defined Bond Stereocenter Count of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 0 Computed by PubChem Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 0 Computed by PubChem Covalently-Bonded Unit Count of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate: 2 Computed by PubChem Compound of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate Is Canonicalized Yes Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate act as materials preservatives for fuels, metalworking fluids, paints, coatings, adhesives, cloth, and paper/paperboard; they act as antifoulants/slimicides in a variety of liquids including industrial/commercial cooling water, air washer water, sugar mill pulp/process water, marine heat exchangers, gas/oil recovery fluid, industrial wastewater treatment systems, industrial water purification systems, reverse osmosis water systems, and pasteurizer cooling water. Their main uses are as antifoulants in industrial cooling and air washer water systems, as well as pulp and paper mills and gas/oil drilling muds. Product description SDDC (Sodium Dimethyldithiocarbamate) is a yellowish aqueous solution and is used in the following applications: Biocide for paper mills, sugar mills, water treatment, leather industry Heavy metal scavenger Applications/uses Water treatment industrial . Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, is used to aid the precipitation of metals in industrial wastewater treatment and pretreatment systems. When used appropriately it can effectively enhance the removal of some difficult to treat pollutants, without impacting the environment or POTW operations. However, sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is toxic to aquatic life and can combine to form, or break down to, a number of other toxic chemicals, including thiram (an EPA registered fungicide) and other thiurams, other dithiocarbamates, carbon disulfide, and dimethylamine. Thiram is known to be toxic to aquatic life at the following levels: LC50 less than 10 :g/l (parts per billion) including some less than 1 :g/l for several varieties of catfish, carp, rainbow trout, daphnia, and harlequinfish; LC50 between 10 and 100 ug/l in other studies Occurence(s)/Use(s) Herbicide, biocide (cutting oils and aqueous systems), coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent; water treatment (precipitate heavy metal ions); stops polymerization of synthetic latexes in rubber Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate Agent Name Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate CAS Number 128-04-1 Formula C3-H6-N-S2.Na Major Category Pesticides Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate formula graphical representation Synonyms Aceto SDD 40; Alcobam NM; Amersep MP 3R; Brogdex 555; Carbam S; Carbam-S; DDC; DMDK; Diaprosim AB 13; Dibam; Dibam A; Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt; Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid, sodium salt; Diram; MSL; MSL (carbamate); MetalPlex 143; Methyl namate; N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt; N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid, sodium salt; Nalmet A 1; Nocceler S; SDDC; Sanceler S; Sdmdtc; Sharstop 204; Sodam; Sodium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate; Sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate; Sodium dimethylaminecarbodithioate; Sodium dimethylaminocarbodithioate; Sodium dimethylcarbamodithioate; Sta-Fresh 615; Steriseal liquid #40; Thiostop N; Vinditat; Vinstop; Vulnopol NM; Wing Stop B; Carbamic acid, dimethyldithio-, sodium salt; [ChemIDplus] Category Dithiocarbamates (Pesticide) Description 40% aqueous solution: Yellow liquid; [HSDB] Off-white to cream colored flakes; [MSDSonline] Sources/Uses Used as a disinfectant, corrosion inhibitor, coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent, fungicide, and biocide (paints, cutting oils, water treatment, leather tanning, and paper manufacturing); [HSDB] Comments May cause irritation; [MSDSonline] Several of the dialkyldithiocarbamates are known skin sensitizers.
SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a sodium salt of the diester of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol and sulfosuccinic acid.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate or docusate sodium often referred to as DSS, Aerosol OT or AOT – is a common ingredient in consumer products, especially laxatives of the stool softener type.


CAS Number: 577-11-7
EC number: 209-406-4
MDL number: MFCD00012455
Linear Formula: CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CH2O2CCH2CH(SO3Na)CO2CH2CH(C2H5)(CH2)3CH3


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate (CAS- 577-11-7) also called docusate sodium or sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate is a 2-ethyl hexyl diester of succinic acid with a sulphonic acid group as a salt in the sodium form.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has a molecular weight of 444.6 and molecular formula C20H37NaO7S.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate (bis-2-ethyl-hexyl sodium
sulfosuccinate).
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate dissolves slowly in water; at 25°C to the extent of 1.5 gm/100cc; at 70°C, 5.5 gm/100cc.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate dissolves in oils,
hydrocarbons, fats and waxs by heating above 75°C and remains in solution when cooled to room temperature.
At room temperature, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is readily soluble in most organic solvents, both polar and non-polar.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is soluble in carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether, naphtha, xylene, dibutyl phthalate, liquid petroleum, acetone, alcohol, vegetable oils.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a white waxy solid, soluble in many organic solvents and in water.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an anionic surface active compound, which has marked wetting characteristics.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate's detergent properties make it useful for cleaning and peeling fruits and vegetables and cleaning food packaging.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is administered orally or rectally; in tablets, capsules, suppositories and enemas.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also used as an emulsifier and dispersant in topical preparations.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate used popularly for crops of olives, almonds, wine grapes, corn and oranges.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as an excipient in the production of tablets (as a lubricant) and suspensions (as an emulsifier).


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the most widely used surfactant in reverse micelle encapsulation studies.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, when used in conjunction with irrigation, is also an effective means of earwax removal.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used as an anionic surfactant: To prepare microemulsion with sodium salt of 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPSO) for the electrophoresis detection of natural and synthetic estrogens.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to develop reverse micelles.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to enhance the electrical conductivity and cell attachment in polycaprolactone fumarate and polypyrrole (PCLF–PPy) composite materials.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an excellent wetting agent for use in aqueous systems even at low concentrations, and for use in mineral dispersions.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 tonnes per annum.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, washing & cleaning products, adhesives and sealants, finger paints and fertilisers.


Other release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can occur from industrial use: of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.


Other release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be found in products with material based on: fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys), plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys) and leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture).
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products and polishes and waxes.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in the following areas: mining, agriculture, forestry and fishing, formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, textile, leather or fur, plastic products and food products.


Other release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as a surfactant, wetting agent and in the preparation of reverse micelles.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is utilized in electrophoresis detection of natural and synthetic estrogens.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate also finds use in the drug, cosmetics, food industry and as a laxative to treat constipation.
Further, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as a food additive, emulsifier and dispersant.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate plays an important role as an excipient in the production of tablets and suspensions.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an All-purpose surfactant, wetting agent, and solubilizer used in the drug, cosmetics, and food industries.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has also been used in laxatives and as cerumenolytics.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is usually administered as either the calcium, potassium, or sodium salt.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used wetting and solubilizing agent
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in the following products: metal working fluids, polymers, lubricants and greases, hydraulic fluids, plant protection products, pH regulators and water treatment products and textile treatment products and dyes.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid, for thermoplastic manufacture and formulation in materials.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in the following products: polymers, washing & cleaning products, textile treatment products and dyes, lubricants and greases, pH regulators and water treatment products, metal working fluids, leather treatment products and hydraulic fluids.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in the following areas: mining, agriculture, forestry and fishing, municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, textile, leather or fur, plastic products and food products.
Release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, formulation of mixtures and manufacturing of the substance.


Release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid and for thermoplastic manufacture.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to make a microemulsion with CAPSO for the electrophoresis detection of natural and synthetic estrogens.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to prepare reverse micelles.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a surfactant that is used in the formulation of aerosol products.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used as a matrix for the analytical determination of enzyme activities such as glutathione reductase and cytochrome p450, which are involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has been shown to have an optimum concentration of 0.1% and fluorescence probe with a pH range between 7-9.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate also shows ionotropic gelation properties at concentrations greater than 1%.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also used as an emulsifying, wetting, and dispersing agent, as a pesticide, as well as a component of the oil dispersant which was used in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an anionic surfactant, a substance that lowers the surface tension of water.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is administered orally or rectally; in tablets, capsules, suppositories and enemas.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also used as an emulsifier and dispersant in topical preparations.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate used popularly for crops of olives, almonds, wine grapes, corn and oranges.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as an excipient in the production of tablets (as a lubricant) and suspensions (as an emulsifier).
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the most widely used surfactant in reverse micelle encapsulation studies.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, when used in conjunction with irrigation, is also an effective means of earwax removal.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used as an anionic surfactant: To prepare microemulsion with sodium salt of 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPSO) for the electrophoresis detection of natural and synthetic estrogens.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to develop reverse micelles.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to enhance the electrical conductivity and cell attachment in polycaprolactone fumarate and polypyrrole (PCLF–PPy) composite materials.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an excellent wetting agent for use in aqueous systems even at low concentrations, and for use in mineral dispersions.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used as an emulsifier agent for oil-in-water emulsions for emulsion polymerization, agricultural and textile applications.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a laxative used to for the research of constipation, for constipation due to the use of opiates it maybe used with a stimulant laxative, can be taken by mouth or rectally.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used as an emulsifier agent for oil-in-water emulsions for emulsion polymerization, agricultural and textile applications.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a surfactant used to prepare reverse micelles.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is on the WHO list of essential medicines and is used for palliative care (emollient laxative with stool-softening activity) in oral form as a liquid or capsule.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also used as food additive for its emulsifying and humectant activity and in cosmetics.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has effective wetting property which makes the industrial use in adhesives and sealants, cleaning and furnishing care products(fabric, textile, and leather products), ink, toner, and colorant products (pigment dispersion); laundry and dishwashing products; lubricants and greases; paints and coatings&paper products.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has fire extinguishing properties since in solutions it generates foam and allows water spreading to contain fires.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has been generally recognized as safe (GRAS)for use in carbonated and non-carbonated beverages functioning as a wetting agent or solubilizer for flavor emulsion stabilizers at levels up to 10 ppm.


-Clinical use of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to make stools softer and easier to pass.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in symptomatic treatment of constipation, and in painful anorectal conditions such as hemorrhoids and anal fissures for people avoiding straining during bowel movements.

Patients taking Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate should drink plenty of water to irrigate the bowel, thereby increasing motility.
Given orally, the effects are usually seen 1 to 3 days after the first dose.
Given rectally, as an enema or suppository, a bowel movement usually occurs within 5 to 20 minutes.

The drug may be used in people who are undergoing opioid pain therapy, are opioid dependent, or on opioid replacement therapy, though prolonged use may cause irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Data supporting its efficacy in treating chronic constipation is lacking.



SYNTHESIS OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
The synthesis of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate involves reaction of appropriate alcohol (ie2-Ethyl hexanol) with maleic anhydride followed by addition of sodium bisulfite or starting from sulphosuccinic acid and esterification with alcohol.
Both processes are well known with several patents.
Mixed sulfosuccinates were also prepared for research applications.
For example a series of ethoxylated sodium monoalkyl sulfosuccinate (ESMASS) ester surfactants were prepared by first reacting octyl, lauryl, or cetyl alcohol purifying them and in the second step reacting them with polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 600).



SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE APPLICATIONS IN POLYMER RESEARCH:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used both as dopant and hydrophobizing agent in the oxidative polymerization of pyrole and the polypyrrole grains are used as light-responsive liquid marble stabilizer.
In conducting polymers made from polyaniline, use of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate as dopant improves the metallic-type conductivity, elongations and thermally more stable than material made with other dopants.



SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE APPLICATIONS IN EMULSION POLYMERIZATION
Emulsion polymerization falls under the category of radical polymerization that usually starts with an emulsion incorporating water, monomer, and surfactant (example Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate).
Oil-in-water emulsion (O/W) is the most common type of emulsion polymerization.
In such case droplets of monomer (the oil) are emulsified (with surfactants) in a continuous phase of water.

Briefly the polymerization process may happen when the monomer layer is dispersed or emulsified in a solution of surfactant and water, forming relatively large droplets in water.
Excess surfactant can than create micelles in the water phase. Small amounts of monomer can diffuse through the water to these micelle.

Then a water-soluble initiator is introduced into the water phase where it diffuses inside the micelles and reacts with the monomer.
An important parameter for reaction of initiator in surfactant micelles rather than in the larger monomer droplet results from their large surface areas.
At Esteem, we have the capability to produce industrial grade Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate and other sulfosuccinate esters based on our customer requirements.

Mostly the sulfosuccinate esters we manufacture may be used in emulsion polymerizations as wetting agentsand in the industrial or domestic uses mentioned in the introduction.
A wide range of sulfosuccinate esters based on different alkyl groups and different solvents (water, linear alcohols, PEG/PPG, aromatic solvents) can be manufactured.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
Physical state: Wax like
Color: white
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 173 - 179 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: > 200 °C at 984 hPa below the boiling point.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: > 180 °C
Decomposition temperature No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 8,17 g/l at 20 °C soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 1,146 g/cm3 at 27,4 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Other safety information:
Surface tension: 30,65 mN/m at 1g/l at 20 °C

Melting Point: 153°C to 157°C
Density: 1.1 g/mL
Quantity: 100 g
Sensitivity: Hygroscopic
Merck Index: 14,3401
Solubility Information: Soluble in water and methanol.
Formula Weight: 444.55
Percent Purity: 96%
Physical Form: Solid
Chemical Name or Material: Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Molecular Formula: C20H37NaO7S
Molecular Weight: 444.56
Storage Details: Ambient
pH: 4.0 - 7.0
Assay: 97% - 100%
Appearance: Pale yellow solid block
Active substance: 92% - 94%
Appearance (Colour): White to off-white
Appearance (Form): Waxy solid
Assay (T): min. 98%
Boiling Point, ºC: >100
Density at 25°C, g/ml: 1.10
Flash Point, °C: >101
Form at 25°C: Liquid
Pour Point, °C: -43
Specific Gravity at 25°C: 1.10
Viscosity at 25°C, cps: 358



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
*Advice for non-emergency personnel:
Ensure adequate ventilation.
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with suitable equipment.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
AOT
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt
DOSS
Docusate sodium
docusate sodium
dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
aerosol ot
constonate, diox
manoxol ot
diomedicone
clestol
complemix
defilin
1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
DOCUSATE SODIUM
1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER SODIUM SALT BUTANEDIOIC ACID, SULFO-
1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)SULFOBUTANEDIOATE, SODIUM SALT
BUTANEDIOIC ACID, SULFO, 1,4BIS(2ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER, SODIUM SALT
BUTANEDIOIC ACID, SULFO-, 1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER, SODIUM SALT
DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)SULFOSUCCINIC ACID, SODIUM SALT
DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER SODIUM SALT SULFOSUCCINIC ACID
DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE SOLUTION
DIETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUC CINATE
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
DOCUSATE SODIUM
SODIUM DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SULFOSUCCINATE
SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
SODIUM SALT 1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)SULFOBUTANEDIOATE
SODIUM SALT BUTANEDIOIC ACID, SULFO-, 1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER
SODIUM SALT SULFOSUCCINIC ACID, DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER
SULFOSUCCINIC ACID, 1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER, SODIUM SALTE
SULFOSUCCINIC ACID, DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER, SODIUM SALT
bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinatic acid sodium salt
docusate sodium
AOT
DOSS
Sodium diethylhexyl sulfosuccinate
Penetrant T
Docusate sodium
Dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium salt
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt

SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the common chemical and pharmaceutical name of the anion bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, also commonly called dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS).
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Salts of this anion, especially Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, are widely used in medicine as laxatives and as stool softeners, by mouth or rectally.

CAS: 577-11-7
MF: C20H37O7S.Na
MW: 444.56
EINECS: 209-406-4

In 2020, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate was the 163rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions.
Some studies claim that docusate is not more effective than a placebo for improving constipation.
Other docusate salts with medical use include those of calcium and potassium.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate are also used as food additives, emulsifiers, dispersants, and wetting agents, among other uses.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate was patented in 1937 by Coleman R. Caryl and Alphons O. Jaeger for American Cyanamid, which commercialized it for many years as a detergent under the brand name Aerosol OT.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate's use for the treatment of constipation was first proposed in 1955 by James L. Wilson and David G. Dickinson, and quickly popularized under the name Doxinate.

Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a surfactant that is used in the formulation of aerosol products.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used as a matrix for the analytical determination of enzyme activities such as glutathione reductase and cytochrome p450, which are involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has been shown to have an optimum concentration of 0.1% and fluorescence probe with a pH range between 7-9.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate also shows ionotropic gelation properties at concentrations greater than 1%.

Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate Chemical Properties
Melting point: 173-179 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 82.7°C
Density: 1.1
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
solubility: methanol: 0.1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
form: Waxy Solid
color: White
Specific Gravity: 1.005_PERCENT VOLATILE: 40
Water Solubility: 1.5 g/100 mL (25 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.1
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.05
Merck: 14,3401
BRN: 4117588
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M
LogP: 1.998 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 577-11-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate (577-11-7)

Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a white or almost white, waxlike, bitter tasting, plastic solid with a characteristic octanol-like odor.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is hygroscopic and usually available in the form of pellets, flakes, or rolls of tissuethin material.

Uses
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a wetting and emulsifying agent that is slowly soluble in water, having a solubility of 1 g in 70 ml of water.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate functions as a wetting agent in fumaric acid-containing powdered fruit drinks to help the acid dissolve in water.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as a stabilizing agent on gums at not more than 0.5% by weight of the gum.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as a flavor potentiator in canned milk where it improves and maintains the flavor of the sterilized milk during storage.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate also functions as a processing aid in the manufacture of unrefined sugar.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also termed sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a mild surfactant used as a cleans ing agent.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, used for the treatment of constipation, acting as a laxative or stool softener.
Also used in the synthesis of electrospun fibres for tailored and controlled antibiotic drug release.
Forms reverse micelles in hydrocarbon solvents; Suitable for the solubilization of the major myelin transmembrane proteolipid.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate are widely used as anionic surfactants in pharmaceutical formulations.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is mainly used in capsule and direct-compression tablet formulations to assist in wetting and dissolution.

Medical use
The main medical use of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is to treat constipation, acting as a laxative and stool softener.
In painful anorectal conditions such as hemorrhoid and anal fissures, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can help avoid pain caused by straining during bowel movements.
When administered by mouth, a bowel movement often occurs in 1 to 3 days, while rectal use may be effective within 20 minutes.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is recommended as a stool softener for children.
However, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate's effectiveness for constipation is poorly supported by evidence.
Multiple studies have found docusate to be no more effective than a placebo for improving constipation.
Others have found Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate to be less useful for the treatment of chronic constipation than psyllium.
The medication may be given to people who are receiving opioid medication, although prolonged use may cause irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.

Other Medical Uses
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, when used with ear syringing, may help with earwax removal, particularly in the case of impaction.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also used as a lubricant in the production of tablets and as an emulsifier in topical preparations and other suspensions.

Precautions and contraindications
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is approved and recommended as safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is not recommended in people with appendicitis, acute abdomen, or ileus.
When taken by mouth Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate should be ingested with plenty of water.

Side Effects
Side effects are uncommon and typically mild, and may include stomach pain, abdominal cramps or diarrhea, Efficacy decreases with long-term use, and may cause poor bowel function.
Serious allergic reactions may occur with the drug.
The most severe side effect of docusate, although very rare, is rectal bleeding.

Interactions
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate might increase resorption of other drugs, for example, dantron (1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone).

Mechanism of action
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an anionic surfactant, which works by reducing the surface tension of the stool, allowing more intestinal water and fat to combine with the stool.
This decreases the strain and discomfort associated with constipation.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate does not stay in the gastrointestinal tract, but is absorbed into the bloodstream and excreted via the gallbladder after undergoing extensive metabolism.
The effect of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate may not necessarily be all due to its surfactant properties.
Perfusion studies suggest that Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate inhibits fluid absorption or stimulates secretion in the portion of the small intestine known as the jejunum.

Pharmaceutical brand names
In the UK, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is sold under the brand name Docusol (Typharm Ltd) and DulcoEase (Boehringer Ingelheim).
In Australia, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is sold as Coloxyl and Coloxyl with senna.
In India, preparations include Laxatin by Alembic, Doslax by Raptakos Laboratories, Cellubril by AstraZeneca, and Laxicon by Stadmed.

Other uses
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as a surfactant in a wide range of applications, often under the name Aerosol-OT.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is unusual in that it is able to form microemulsions without the use of co-surfactants, and it has a rich variety of aqueous-phase behavior including multiple liquid crystalline phases.

Food Additive
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has been approved by the US FDA as a "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) additive.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in a variety of food products, as a surface active agent, stabilizer, thickener, wetting agent, processing aid, solubilizing agent, emulsifier, and dispersant.
The highest amount found in food products is 0.5% by weight, which include pasteurized cheese spreads, cream cheeses and salad dressings.
The FDA also approved its use as a wetting agent or solubilizer for flavoring agents in carbonated and non-carbonated drinks at levels up to 10 parts per million.

Microencapsulation
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the most widely used surfactant in reverse micelle encapsulation studies.

Chemistry
The structural formula of the docusate anion is R−O−C(=O)−CH(SO−3)−CH2−C(=O)−O−R, where R is the 2-ethylhexyl group H3C−(CH2)3−C(−CH2−CH3)H−CH2−.
The conjugate acid can be described as the twofold carboxylate ester of sulfosuccinic acid with 2-ethylhexanol.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a white, wax-like, plastic solid, with an odor suggestive of octyl alcohol.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate starts to decompose at about 220 °C.
Solubility of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate in water is 14 g/L at 25 °C, increasing to 55 g/L at 70 °C.

Solubility is better in less polar solvents: 1:30 in ethanol, 1:1 in chloroform and diethylether, and practically unlimited in petroleum ether (25 °C).
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate also is highly soluble in glycerol, although this is a rather polar solvent.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also highly soluble in xylene, oleic acid, acetone, diacetone alcohol, methanol, isopropanol, 2-butanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, furfurol, and vegetable oils.
The ester groups are easily cleaved under basic conditions, but are stable against acids.

Synthesis
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be obtained by treating dioctyl maleate with sodium bisulfite.
The bisulfite anion adds to the double bond:
−CH=CH− + HSO−3 → −CH(−SO−3)−CH2−

Toxicity
Ingestion may cause the side effects described above, such as diarrhea, intestinal bloating, and occasionally cramping pains.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is not known to be carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic.

Marine species
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is of low toxicity for crustaceans such as the hermit crab Clibanarius erythropus and the shrimp Crangon crangon.
Toxicity for molluscs varies widely, with 48-hour LD50 found between 5 mg/L for the common limpet and 100 mg/L for the common periwinkle.
Various species of phytoplankton have an LD50 around 8 mg/L.

In a 2010 study, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate exhibited higher toxicity against bacteria (Vibrio fischeri, Anabaena sp.) and algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) than did a number of fluorinated surfactants (PFOS, PFOA, or PFBS).
Measuring bioluminescence inhibition of the bacteria and growth inhibition of the algae, the LD50 were in the range of 43–75 mg/L.
Combinations of the fluorinated compounds with Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate showed mid to highly synergistic effects in most settings, meaning that such combinations are significantly more toxic than the individual substances.

Freshwater species
The substance is highly toxic for rainbow trout with a median lethal concentration (LC50) of 0.56 mg/L after 48 hours for the pure substance.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is only slightly to moderately toxic for rainbow trout fingerlings, and slightly toxic for harlequin rasboras (LC50 27 mg/L of a 60% formulation after 48 hours).

Production Methods
Maleic anhydride is treated with 2-ethylhexanol to produce dioctyl maleate, which is then reacted with sodium bisulfite.

Reactivity Profile
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate causes foaming and spreading of water.
Assists in putting out fires by water.

Health Hazard
Liquid is strong irritant to eye and may irritate skin by removing natural oils.
Ingestion causes diarrhea and intestinal bloating.

Fire Hazard
Behavior in Fire: Causes foaming and spreading of water.
Assists in putting out fires by water.

Synonyms
Docusate sodium
577-11-7
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Aerosol OT
Constonate
Dioctylal
Diotilan
Disonate
Molatoc
Regutol
Doxol
Nevax
Velmol
Docusate (Sodium)
Doxinate
Colace
Dialose
Molcer
Soliwax
Waxsol
Docusate sodium salt
Diox
Manoxol OT
Adekacol EC 8600
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Comfolax
Coprola
Dulcivac
Eurowet
Jamylene
Empimin op70
Sanmorin ot 70n
Airrol ct-1
Mackanate dos-70
Nikkol otp-75
Triton gr-pg 70
Gemtex pa-70
Rapisol a 30
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Nissan rapisol a 30
Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid
Ins no.480
Monawet mo 65-150
Ins-480
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
F05Q2T2JA0
DTXSID8022959
Sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate
sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
sodium docusate
NSC-760404
AOT
Diomedicone
Clestol
Complemix
Defilin
Dioctlyn
Diosuccin
Dulsivac
Laxinate
Mervamine
Molofac
Requtol
Sobital
Coprol
Diovac
Konlax
Kosate
Obston
Softil
Revac
E 480
E-480
Modane Soft
Alcopol O
Alphasol OT
Manoxal OT
Sulfimel DOS
Aerosol AOT
Aerosol GPG
Wetaid SR
Aerosol OT-A
Laxinate 100
Sanmorin OT 70
Triton GR 7
Triton GR-5
DTXCID102959
Aerosol OT 70PG
Aerosol OT 75
Celanol DOS 65
Celanol DOS 75
DESS
Humifen WT 27G
Monawet MD 70E
Solusol-75%
Nikkol OTP 70
Aerosol A 501
Alkasurf SS-O 75
Solusol-100%
Nekal WT-27
Berol 478
Coloxyl
Dioctyl
Docolace
Docuprene
Geriplex
Silace
Unilax
Bloat treatment
Docusato sodico
Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (JAN)
Docusate sodique
Dialose Plus
Natrii dioctylsulfosuccinas
Tex-Wet 1001
Senokot S
Correctol Caplets
Correctol Tablets
Senokap DSS
Docusatum natricum
D-S-S
Doc Q Lace
CAS-577-11-7
Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE [JAN]
Correctol Extra Gentle Tablets
Docusate sodique [INN-French]
Docusato sodico [INN-Spanish]
Docusatum natricum [INN-Latin]
HSDB 3065
2-Ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium
NCGC00164140-03
EINECS 209-406-4
SV 102
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Sodium di-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinat
UNII-F05Q2T2JA0
Prenexa
Purgasol
Vinacol
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) S-sodium sulfosuccinate
AI3-00239
Docusate Sod
Sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate
1,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Sodium sulfodi-(2-ethylhexyl)-sulfosuccinate
Senexon-S
Folca[s care pme
Folcal DHA
Senna-S
Di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinic acid, sodium salt
Bis(ethylhexyl) ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid
Bis-2-ethylhexylester sulfojantaranu sodneho [Czech]
Colace (TN)
MFCD00012455
Sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate
Sulfosuccinic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl)ester sodium salt
Docusate sodium [USAN:USP:INN:BAN]
Sol sodowej sulfobursztynianu dwu-2-etyloheksylowego [Polish]
Docusate sodium (USP)
Bis-2-ethylhexylester sulfojantaranu sodneho
CHEMAX DOSS/75E
Succinic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
NCGC00183136-01
EC 209-406-4
SCHEMBL4113
DOCUSATE SODIUM [II]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [MI]
MLS004773938
DOCUSATE SODIUM [INN]
1,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfobutanedioate, sodium salt
Sol sodowej sulfobursztynianu dwu-2-etyloheksylowego
DOCUSATE SODIUM [HSDB]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [USAN]
CHEBI:4674
Sulfosuccinic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt
DOCUSATE SODIUM [VANDF]
CHEMBL1905872
DOCUSATE SODIUM [MART.]
Correctol Stool Softener Laxative
DOCUSATE SODIUM [USP-RS]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [WHO-DD]
Sulfosuccinic acid, di-(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
HMS3264P07
HMS3885B10
sodium;1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
BCP31325
HY-B1268
4-(4-Bromophenoxymethyl)benzoicacid
Aerosol™ OT, Solid Anhydrous
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (INN)
Tox21_112087
Tox21_113469
Tox21_201342
Tox21_300496
s4588
DIOCTYL DISODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
AKOS015901806
DOCUSATE SODIUM [USP IMPURITY]
CCG-213234
CS-4813
DOCUSATE SODIUM [USP MONOGRAPH]
NSC 760404
Sodium Di(2-ethylhexyl) Sulfosuccinate
Docusate sodium salt, BioXtra, >=99%
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt, 96%
NCGC00164140-01
NCGC00254414-01
NCGC00258894-01
AS-13347
E480
SMR001595510
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE [FCC]
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate with Ethanol
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinatesodium salt
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt, >=97%
AEC DIETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
FT-0689234
D00305
Docusate sodium salt, p.a., 99.0-100.5%
E77584
DIETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE [INCI]
Docusate sodium salt, purum, >=96.0% (TLC)
Docusate sodium salt, BioUltra, >=99.0% (TLC)
Docusate sodium, meets USP testing specifications
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate with Diethylene Glycol
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate with Propylene Glycol
Q2815334
W-105447
F8880-5559
Docusate sodium, British Pharmacopoeia (BP) Reference Standard
Docusate sodium, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
Docusate sodium, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodiumsulfosuccinate pound>>Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Butanedioic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt (1:1)
SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an excellent wetting agent for use in aqueous systems even at low concentrations, and for use in mineral dispersions.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate (bis-2-ethyl-hexyl sodium
sulfosuccinate).


CAS Number: 577-11-7
EC Number: 209-406-4
MDL Number: MFCD00012455
Chemical Name: Docusate sodium; Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Linear Formula: CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CH2O2CCH2CH(SO3Na)CO2CH2CH(C2H5)(CH2)3CH3
Molecular Formula: C20H37NaO7S


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a sodium salt of the diester of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol and sulfosuccinic acid.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a surfactant used to prepare reverse micelles.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a white waxy solid, soluble in many organic solvents and in water.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an anionic surface active compound, which has marked wetting characteristics.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate dissolves slowly in water; at 25°C to the extent of 1.5 gm/100cc; at 70°C, 5.5 gm/100cc.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate dissolves in oils, hydrocarbons, fats and waxs by heating above 75°C and remains in solution when cooled to room temperature.
At room temperature, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is readily soluble in most organic solvents, both polar and non-polar.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an excellent wetting agent for use in aqueous systems even at low concentrations, and for use in mineral dispersions.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is colorless or light yellow liquid, soluble in water and organic solvents such as benzene and carbon tetrachloride.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a surfactant that is used in the formulation of aerosol products.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate also called docusate sodium or DOSS is a 2-ethyl hexyl diester of succinic acid with a sulphonic acid group as a salt in the sodium form.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has a molecular weight of 444.6 and molecular formula C20H37NaO7S.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is generally immediately available in most volumes, including bulk quantities.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty acid esters.


These are carboxylic ester derivatives of a fatty acid.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an anionic surfactant.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, the sodium salt of sulfosuccinic acid.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is sparingly soluble in water; very soluble in solvent hexane; freely soluble in alcohol and in glycerin
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate (bis-2-ethyl-hexyl sodium
sulfosuccinate).



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used for dyeing raw cotton; used for pesticide wettable powder.
Has moisturizing, decontaminating properties, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to treat constipation, used as a laxative or stool softener.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also used in the synthesis of electrospun fibers for tailoring and controlling antibiotic drug release.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used thickener; Emulsifier; Wetting agent.
Also called aerosol OT, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as a lubricant and can be used as a surfactant in the printing and dyeing industry and cosmetics industry.


Surfactant, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as a leveling agent in the printing and dyeing industry, and can also be used as a photosensitive material emulsion.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an effective laxative used to treat constipation.


Acting as an ionic surfactant, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate enhances water content within the intestinal lumen, leading to softer stool and facilitating bowel movements.
By elevating the surface tension between the stool and intestinal wall, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate promotes easier expulsion of the stool, thereby alleviating constipation.


Its detergent properties make Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate useful for cleaning and peeling fruits and vegetables and cleaning food packaging.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also used in various pharmaceutical products.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used as an emulsifier agent for oil-in-water emulsions for emulsion polymerization, agricultural and textile applications.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to make a microemulsion with CAPSO for the electrophoresis detection of natural and synthetic estrogens.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to prepare reverse micelles.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used all-purpose surfactant, wetting agent, and solubilizer used in the drug, cosmetics, and food industries.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has also been used in laxatives and as cerumenolytics.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is usually administered as either the calcium, potassium, or sodium salt.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an anionic surfactant substance that traditionally has been recommended as a laxative and stool softener for a variety of vertebrates ranging from humans to rodents.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has been advocated for the same use in reptiles.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is on the WHO list of essential medicines and is used for palliative care (emollient laxative with stool-softening activity) in oral form as a liquid or capsule.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also used as food additive for its emulsifying and humectant activity and in cosmetics.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has effective wetting property which makes the industrial use in adhesives and sealants, cleaning and furnishing care products(fabric, textile, and leather products), ink, toner, and colorant products (pigment dispersion); laundry and dishwashing products; lubricants and greases; paints and coatings&paper products.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has fire extinguishing properties since in solutions it generates foam and allows water spreading to contain fires.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has been generally recognized as safe (GRAS)for use in carbonated and non-carbonated beverages functioning as a wetting agent or solubilizer for flavor emulsion stabilizers at levels up to 10 ppm.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used as a matrix for the analytical determination of enzyme activities such as glutathione reductase and cytochrome p450, which are involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has been shown to have an optimum concentration of 0.1% and fluorescence probe with a pH range between 7-9.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate also shows ionotropic gelation properties at concentrations greater than 1%.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used as a wetting agent.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to make a microemulsion with CAPSO for the electrophoresis detection of natural and synthetic estrogens.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used to prepare reverse micelles.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is easily soluble in water, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is milky white, not resistant to strong acids, strong bases, heavy metal salts and reducing agents.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate penetrates quickly and evenly.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has good wetting, penetrating, emulsifying and foaming properties.
The penetration effect is the best when it is below 40℃, and it is easy to hydrolyze when it meets alkali at high temperature.


The penetrant T is not resistant to strong alkalis and cannot be added directly to concentrated alkaline solution.
The penetrant T should be added after diluting the alkaline solution.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a highly effective penetrant, used to treat cotton, hemp, viscose and its blended products.


The treated fabric is directly bleached or dyed without scouring, which can improve the dyeing defects caused by dead cotton.
The fabric feels softer and fuller.
When practicing green bleaching, the dyestuff should be withdrawn first to ensure the penetration effect.



SYNTHESIS of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
The synthesis of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate involves reaction of appropriate alcohol (ie2-Ethyl hexanol) with maleic anhydride followed by addition of sodium bisulfite or starting from sulphosuccinic acid and esterification with Mixed sulfosuccinates werealso prepared for research applications. For example a series of ethoxylated sodium monoalkyl sulfosuccinate (ESMASS) ester surfactants were prepared by first reacting octyl, lauryl, or cetyl alcohol purifying them and in the second step reacting them with polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 600).



SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE APPLICATIONS IN POLYMER RESEARCH:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used both as dopant and hydrophobizing agent in the oxidative polymerization of pyrole and the polypyrrole grains are used as light-responsive liquid marble stabilizer.
In conducting polymers made from polyaniline, use of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate as dopant improves the metallic-type conductivity, elongations and thermally more stable than material made with other dopants.



SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE APPLICATIONS IN EMULSION POLYMERIZATION:
Emulsion polymerization falls uder the category of radical polymerization that usually starts with an emulsion incorporating water, monomer, and surfactant (example Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate).
Oil-in-water emulsion (O/W) is the most common type of emulsion polymerization.

In such case droplets of monomer (the oil) are emulsified (with surfactants) in a continuous phase of water.
Briefly the polymerization process may happen when the monomer layer is dispersed or emulsified in a solution of surfactant and water, forming relatively large droplets in water.

Excess surfactant can than create micelles in the water phase.
Small amounts of monomer can diffuse through the water to these micelle.
Then a water-soluble initiator is introduced into the water phase where it diffuses inside the micelles and reacts with the monomer.
An important parameter for reaction of initiator in surfactant micelles rather than in the larger monomer droplet results from their large surface areas.



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
*Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives
*Sulfonyls
*Organosulfonic acids
*Alkanesulfonic acids
*Carboxylic acid esters
*Organic sodium salts
*Organic oxides
*Hydrocarbon derivatives
*Carbonyl compounds



SUBSTITUENTS of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
*Fatty acid ester
*Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
*Organic sulfonic acid or derivatives
*Organosulfonic acid or derivatives
*Organosulfonic acid
*Sulfonyl
*Alkanesulfonic acid
*Carboxylic acid ester
*Carboxylic acid derivative
*Organic alkali metal salt
*Carbonyl group
*Organosulfur compound
*Organooxygen compound
*Organic oxide
*Organic oxygen compound
*Organic salt
*Organic sodium salt
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Aliphatic acyclic compound



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
Molecular Weight: 444.6 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 7
Rotatable Bond Count: 20
Exact Mass: 444.21576897 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 444.21576897 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 118Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 29
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 517
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

CAS: 577-11-7
Molecular Formula: C20H37NaO7S
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 444.56
MDL Number: MFCD00012455
InChI Key: APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYNA-M
Melting point: 173-179°C(lit.)
Boiling point: 82.7°C
Density: 1.1
Storage conditions: Inertatmosphere, RoomTemperature
Solubility: methanol:0.1
Form: WaxySolid
Specific gravity: 1.005_PERCENTVOLATILE:40
Color: White
Water solubility: 1.5g/100mL(25ºC)
Physical state: Wax like
Color: white
Odor: No data available
Melting point/range: 173 - 179 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: > 200 °C at 984 hPa

Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: > 180 °C - Relative self-ignition temperature for solids
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility 8,17 g/l at 20 °C - Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008, Annex, A.6- soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 1,146 g/cm3 at 27,4 °C - OECD Test Guideline 109
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: The product has been shown not to be oxidizing in a test following Directive 67/548/EEC.
Surface tension: 30,65 mN/m at 1g/l at 20 °C
CAS: 577-11-7

Molecular Formula: C20H37NaO7S
Molecular Weight: 444.56
Storage Details: Ambient
Harmonised Tariff Code: 29171980 EXP 2917198090 IMP
pH: 4.0 - 7.0
Assay: 97% - 100%
Appearance: Pale yellow solid block
Active substance: 92% - 94%
Compound Formula: C20H37NaO7S
Molecular Weight: 444.56
Appearance: White Waxlike Sheet
Melting Point: 173-179°C
Boiling Point: N/A
Density: N/A
Solubility in H2O: N/A
Exact Mass: 444.215769
Monoisotopic Mass: 444.215769
Chemical Formula: C20H37NaO7S
Average Molecular Mass: 444.560 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 444.216 g/mol

CAS Registry Number: 577-11-7
IUPAC Name: sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
Traditional Name: sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
SMILES: [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC)S([O-])(=O)=O
InChI Identifier: InChI=1S/C20H38O7S.Na/c1-5-9-11-16(7-3)14-26-19(21)13-18(28(23,24)25)20(22)27-15-17(8-4)12-10-6-2;/h16-18H,5-15H2,1-4H3,(H,23,24,25);/q;+1/p-1
InChI Key: APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Water Solubility: 0.0031 g/L
logP: 4.36
logP: 5.24
logS: -5.2
pKa (Strongest Acidic): -0.75
pKa (Strongest Basic): -6.9
Physiological Charge: -1
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 5
Hydrogen Donor Count: 0
Polar Surface Area: 109.8 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count: 18
Refractivity: 106.23 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 46.82 ų
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: 0
Rule of Five: No
Ghose Filter: Yes
Veber's Rule: No
MDDR-like Rule: No



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with suitable equipment.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Body Protection:
Protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .



SYNONYMS:
Dioctyl sodiosulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium salt
Sodium bis(octyl)sulfosuccinate
Sodium di-n-octyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium O,O-dioctylsulfosuccinic acid
Sodium sulfosuccinic acid dioctyl ester
Sulfosuccinic acid 1,4-dioctyl ester sodium salt
1639-66-3
Bu-cerumen
Texapon DOS
DI-N-OCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
Butyl-cerumen
Solbaleite
Neocol SW 30
Elfanol 883
Caswell No. 392I
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-dioctyl ester, sodium salt
Sodium di-n-octylsulfosuccinate
HSDB 4086
NSC 7779
EINECS 216-684-0
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079027
Succinic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-dioctyl ester, sodium salt
UNII-4YLY5570Y0
1,4-Bis(n-octyl) sulfobutanedioate, sodium salt
4YLY5570Y0
Succinic acid, sulfo-, dioctyl ester, sodium salt
Sulfobutanedioic acid, 1,4-di(n-octyl) ester, sodium salt
MKC
NSC-7779
SCHEMBL22809
C20H37O7S.Na
DTXSID7041881
2-(Sodiosulfo)succinic acid dioctyl
LS-147500
SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE [HSDB]
DICAPRYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE [INCI]
EN300-22170136
sodium;1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
Q27260677
SODIUM 1,2-BIS(OCTYLOXYCARBONYL)-1-ETHANESULFONATE
SODIUM 1,4-BIS(OCTYLOXY)-1,4-DIOXOBUTANE-2-SULFONATE
Docusatnatrium
SULPHOSUCCINICACID,DIOCTYLESTER,SODIUMSALT
SUCCINICACID,SULPHO-1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)ESTER,SODIUMS
SODIUMDI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)SULPHOSUCCINATE
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate sodium
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate)
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFUSUCCINATE
Di(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinic acid,sodium salt
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate solution sodium salt
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt, Docusate sodium
AOT, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt, DOSS, Docusate sodium
Docusate sodium
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt
AOT
DOSS
bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinatic acid sodium salt
docusate sodium
DSS
bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinatic acid sodium salt
docusate sodium
AOT
DOSS
Docusate sodium, Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Colace
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid
Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinic acid
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinic acid
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinic acid
Sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonic acid
Sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulphonate
Sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulphonic acid
Docusic acid sodium
Aerosol ot
Dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid, calcium salt
Sodium sulfosuccinate, diethylhexyl
Diethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid, ammonium salt
Dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid, potassium salt
Docusate potassium
Sulfosuccinate, diethylhexyl sodium
Dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid, barium salt
Dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid, magnesium salt
Dioctylsulphosuccinate, sodium
Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate
Sodium dioctylsulphosuccinate
DOSS
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid, sodium salt
Sulfosuccinates, dioctyl
DEH-na-SS
Sulfosuccinate, dioctyl
Dioctyl sulfosuccinates
Dioctylsulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium
Dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid
Docusate
DEH na SS
Docusate calcium
Sulfosuccinic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester
Bis (2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
1,4-Bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfobutanedioic acid sodium salt
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-,1,4-bis( 2-ethylhexyl ) ester, sodium salt
Dioctyl sulfosodiumsuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt Docusate sodium
DSS
2-Ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium
NaDOSS
Sodium 1,4-bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate Sodium bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Sodium di (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Sulfobutanedioic acid 1,4-bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt
Sulfosuccinic acid 1,4-bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt
Butanedioic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt (1:1)
Docusate sodium
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate
bis(2-Ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sufosuccinate
Sorbital
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Docusate Sodium
Sodium di-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Sulfosuccinic acid, di-(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Succinic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt



SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
DESCRIPTION:


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the common chemical and pharmaceutical name of the anion bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, also commonly called dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS).
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Salts of this anion, especially Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate sodium, are widely used in medicine as laxatives and as stool softeners, by mouth or rectally.

CAS Number: 577-11-7
EC Number: 209-406-4
Molecular Weight: 444.56
Molecular Formula: C20H37NaO7S


In 2020, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate was the 163rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions.
Some studies claim that Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is not more effective than a placebo for improving constipation.

Other Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate salts with medical use include those of calcium and potassium.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate salts are also used as food additives, emulsifiers, dispersants, and wetting agents, among other uses.


All-purpose surfactant, wetting agent, and solubilizer used in the drug, cosmetics, and food industries.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has also been used in laxatives and as cerumenolytics.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is usually administered as either the calcium, potassium, or sodium salt.


APPLICATIONS OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used as an anionic surfactant
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used To prepare microemulsion with sodium salt of 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPSO) for the electrophoresis detection of natural and synthetic estrogens.

Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used To develop reverse micelles.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate can be used To enhance the electrical conductivity and cell attachment in polycaprolactone fumarate and polypyrrole (PCLF–PPy) composite materials.



HISTORY OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate was patented in 1937 by Coleman R. Caryl and Alphons O. Jaeger for American Cyanamid, which commercialized it for many years as a detergent under the brand name Aerosol OT.
Its use for the treatment of constipation was first proposed in 1955 by James L. Wilson and David G. Dickinson, and quickly popularized under the name Doxinate.

MEDICAL USES OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
Constipation:
The main medical use of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is to treat constipation, acting as a laxative and stool softener.
In painful anorectal conditions such as hemorrhoid and anal fissures, it can help avoid pain caused by straining during bowel movements.

When administered by mouth, a bowel movement often occurs in 1 to 3 days, while rectal use may be effective within 20 minutes.

Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is recommended as a stool softener for children.
However, its effectiveness for constipation is poorly supported by evidence.
Multiple studies have found Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate to be no more effective than a placebo for improving constipation.

Others have found it to be less useful for the treatment of chronic constipation than psyllium.
The medication may be given to people who are receiving opioid medication, although prolonged use may cause irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.

Other medical uses:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, when used with ear syringing, may help with earwax removal, particularly in the case of impaction.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also used as a lubricant in the production of tablets and as an emulsifier in topical preparations and other suspensions.

PRECAUTIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is approved and recommended as safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is not recommended in people with appendicitis, acute abdomen, or ileus.
When taken by mouth it should be ingested with plenty of water.


INTERACTIONS OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate might increase resorption of other drugs, for example, dantron (1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone).

MECHANISM OF ACTION OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is an anionic surfactant, which works by reducing the surface tension of the stool, allowing more intestinal water and fat to combine with the stool.
This decreases the strain and discomfort associated with constipation.

Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate does not stay in the gastrointestinal tract, but is absorbed into the bloodstream and excreted via the gallbladder after undergoing extensive metabolism.

The effect of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate may not necessarily be all due to its surfactant properties.
Perfusion studies suggest that Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate inhibits fluid absorption or stimulates secretion in the portion of the small intestine known as the jejunum

OTHER USES OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is used as a surfactant in a wide range of applications, often under the name Aerosol-OT.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is unusual in that it is able to form microemulsions without the use of co-surfactants, and it has a rich variety of aqueous-phase behavior including multiple liquid crystalline phases.

Food additive:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate has been approved by the US FDA as a "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) additive.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is used in a variety of food products, as a surface active agent, stabilizer, thickener, wetting agent, processing aid, solubilizing agent, emulsifier, and dispersant.

The highest amount found in food products is 0.5% by weight, which include pasteurized cheese spreads, cream cheeses and salad dressings.
The FDA also approved its use as a wetting agent or solubilizer for flavoring agents in carbonated and non-carbonated drinks at levels up to 10 parts per million.

Microencapsulation:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is the most widely used surfactant in reverse micelle encapsulation studies.

CHEMISTRY OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Structure and properties:
The structural formula of the Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate anion is R−O−C(=O)−CH(SO−3)−CH2−C(=O)−O−R, where R is the 2-ethylhexyl group H3C−(CH2)3−C(−CH2−CH3)H−CH2−.
The conjugate acid can be described as the twofold carboxylate ester of sulfosuccinic acid with 2-ethylhexanol.

Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is a white, wax-like, plastic solid, with an odor suggestive of octyl alcohol.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate starts to decompose at about 220 °C.
Solubility of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate in water is 14 g/L at 25 °C, increasing to 55 g/L at 70 °C.
Solubility is better in less polar solvents: 1:30 in ethanol, 1:1 in chloroform and diethylether, and practically unlimited in petroleum ether (25 °C).

Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate also is highly soluble in glycerol, although this is a rather polar solvent.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate is also highly soluble in xylene, oleic acid, acetone, diacetone alcohol, methanol, isopropanol, 2-butanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, furfurol, and vegetable oils.
The ester groups are easily cleaved under basic conditions, but are stable against acids.


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
Quality Level: 200
Assay:≥97%
Form:solid
Mp: 173-179 °C (lit.)
Formula C20H37O7S
Molar mass 421.57 g•mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Interactive image
as salt: Interactive image
Density 1.1 g/cm3
Melting point 153 to 157 °C (307 to 315 °F) 173-179 °C
Solubility in water 1 in 70 parts mg/mL (20 °C)
Molecular Weight 444.6 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 7
Rotatable Bond Count 20
Exact Mass 444.21576897 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 444.21576897 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 118Ų
Heavy Atom Count 29
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 517
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 2
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Melting Point 153°C to 157°C
Density 1.1 g/mL
Quantity 100 g
Sensitivity Hygroscopic
Merck Index 14,3401
Solubility Information Soluble in water and methanol.
Formula Weight 444.55
Percent Purity 96%
Physical Form Solid
Chemical Name or Material Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt



SYNONYMS OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:

Aerosol OT
Colace
DEH Na SS
DEH-Na-SS
diethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, Sodium
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinates
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Ammonium Salt
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Barium Salt
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Calcium Salt
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Magnesium Salt
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Potassium Salt
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Sodium Salt
Dioctylsulfosuccinate
Dioctylsulphosuccinate, Sodium
Docusate
Docusate Calcium
Docusate Potassium
Docusate Sodium
DOSS
Sodium Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate
Sodium Dioctylsulphosuccinate
Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Diethylhexyl
Sulfosuccinate, Diethylhexyl Sodium
Sulfosuccinate, Dioctyl
Sulfosuccinates, Dioctyl
Sulfosuccinic Acid bis(2-Ethylhexyl) Ester
Dioctyl sodiosulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium salt
Sodium bis(octyl)sulfosuccinate
Sodium di-n-octyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium O,O-dioctylsulfosuccinic acid
Sodium sulfosuccinic acid dioctyl ester
Sulfosuccinic acid 1,4-dioctyl ester sodium salt
Texapon DOS
DI-N-OCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
1639-66-3
Butyl-cerumen
Bu-cerumen
Neocol SW 30
Solbaleite
Elfanol 883
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-dioctyl ester, sodium salt
Succinic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-dioctyl ester, sodium salt
1,4-Bis(n-octyl) sulfobutanedioate, sodium salt
4YLY5570Y0
Sulfobutanedioic acid, 1,4-di(n-octyl) ester, sodium salt
Succinic acid, sulfo-, dioctyl ester, sodium salt
Caswell No. 392I
NSC-7779
Sodium di-n-octylsulfosuccinate
HSDB 4086
NSC 7779
EINECS 216-684-0
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079027
UNII-4YLY5570Y0
Dioktylester sulfojantaranu sodneho [Czech]
Dioktylester sulfojantaranu sodneho
SCHEMBL22809
DTXSID7041881
SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE [HSDB]
DICAPRYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE [INCI]
EN300-22170136
sodium;1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
Q27260677
SODIUM 1,2-BIS(OCTYLOXYCARBONYL)-1-ETHANESULFONATE
SODIUM 1,4-BIS(OCTYLOXY)-1,4-DIOXOBUTANE-2-SULFONATE


SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is colorless to yellowish liquid, easy soluble in water, solution is milk white, PH value 5.0-7.0 (1% aqueous solution), soluble in low alcohol etc hydrophilia solvent, also soluble in benzene, carbon tetrachloride, kerosene, petroleum series solvent.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is an odorless colorless to white waxy solid.


CAS Number: 577-11-7
EC number: 216-684-0
Molecular Fomula: C20H37O7S.Na
Chemical Name: Sodium Di Octyl Sulfosuccinate (DOSS)
Chemical Groups: Anionic Surfactant


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is non-flammable.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is a highly effective anionic wetting agent, penetrating agent and surface tension reducer.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is easier to handle compared to DOS-75 due to its lower concentration.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate has good wetting, penetrating, emulsifying and foaming properties.
The penetration effect is the best when it is below 40℃, and it is easy to hydrolyze when Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate meets alkali at high temperature.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is a kind anionic surfactant, have good wettability, permeability, emulsibility and foamability.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate functions as a potent wetting agent for aqueous systems and mineral dispersions.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate also serves as an emulsifying agent for oil-in-water emulsions.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate's applications encompass emulsion polymerization and agriculture, and its production is centered in Europe.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is a very good wetting agent for aqueous systems and for mineral dispersions.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is a kind anionic surfactant, have good wettability, permeability, emulsibility and foamability.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is manufactured in Europe.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate sinks and mixes slowly with water.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is a very good wetting agent for aqueous systems and for mineral dispersions.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate can be a useful emulsifier agent for oil in water emulsions.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate finds application in emulsion polymerization and agricultural applications.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is a white solid, often supplied as an aqueous solution
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 tonnes per annum.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate mixes slowly with water.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate causes foaming and spreading of water.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate assists in putting out fires by water.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate not able to bear strong acid, strong alkali, heavy metallic salt and reductant etc.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate to treatment cotton, fibre, viscose and their blended products, can directly bleached or dyed without boiling off after treated fabric, can improve dyeing defects caused by dead cotton.


The treated fabric is directly bleached or dyed without scouring, which can improve the dyeing defects caused by dead cotton.
The fabric feels softer and fuller.
When practicing green bleaching, the dyestuff should be withdrawn first to ensure the penetration effect.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is easily soluble in water, the solution is milky white, not resistant to strong acids, strong bases, heavy metal salts and reducing agents.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate penetrates quickly and evenly.


The penetrant T is not resistant to strong alkalis and cannot be added directly to concentrated alkaline solution.
The penetrant T should be added after diluting the alkaline solution.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is a highly effective penetrant, used to treat cotton, hemp, viscose and its blended products.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
Other release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used as a stabilizing agent on gums at not more than 0.5% by weight of the gum.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used as a flavor potentiator in canned milk where it improves and maintains the flavor of the sterilized milk during storage.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, textile, leather or fur, plastic products and food products.
Release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, formulation of mixtures and manufacturing of the substance.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, textile, leather or fur, plastic products and food products.
Other release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is also termed sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used for the treatment of constipation, acting as a laxative or stool softener.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is also used in the synthesis of electrospun fibres for tailored and controlled antibiotic drug release.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used in the following products: polymers, washing & cleaning products, textile treatment products and dyes, lubricants and greases, pH regulators and water treatment products, metal working fluids, leather treatment products and hydraulic fluids.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used in the following areas: mining, agriculture, forestry and fishing, municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is a very good wetting agent for aqueous systems (even at low concentrations) and for mineral dispersions.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate can be a useful emulsifier agent for oil in water emulsions.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used in Emulsion Polymerisation and textile industry.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is a mild surfactant used as a cleansing agent.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is a wetting and emulsifying agent that is slowly soluble in water, having a solubility of 1 g in 70 ml of water.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used as a wetting agent in fumaric acid-containing powdered fruit drinks to help the acid dissolve in water.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate forms reverse micelles in hydrocarbon solvents.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is suitable for the solubilization of the major myelin transmembrane proteolipid
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used anticholinergic, treatment of motion sickness.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, washing & cleaning products, adhesives and sealants, finger paints and fertilisers.


Other release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate can occur from industrial use: of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate can be found in products with material based on: fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys), plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys) and leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture).


Main use of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate in textile industry, cosmetics industry, printing and dyeing industry, Aerosol OT, pesticide and photosensitive materials.
Applications & Uses of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate: Agriculture & Feed, HI&I Care,


Industrial Applications of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate: Industrial — Chemical & Industrial Manufacturing, Chemical Manufacturing, HI&I Care — Home Care, Surface Care
HI&I Care — Institutional & Industrial Care, Industrial Cleaning, Institutional & Catering, Industrial — Leather & Textiles, Textile Manufacturing, Agriculture & Feed — Pest Control, and Agricultural Pest Control.


Applicable Processes of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate: Emulsion Polymerization, and Latex Manufacturing.
Home Care Applications of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate: Hard Surface Cleaners.
I&I Cleaning Applications of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate: Industrial Cleaners, Institutional Cleaners, Industrial Additives End Use, and Textiles.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used in the following products: metal working fluids, polymers, lubricants and greases, hydraulic fluids, plant protection products, pH regulators and water treatment products and textile treatment products and dyes.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).


Release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid, for thermoplastic manufacture and formulation in materials.


Release to the environment of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid and for thermoplastic manufacture.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products and polishes and waxes.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used in the following areas: mining, agriculture, forestry and fishing, formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is a Food Additive 480, used in medicine, as a processing aid.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used as a foecal softening agent in the management of constipation: thought to act by stimulating intestinal secretions and by increasing fluid flow into the faeces.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is also used for softening wax in the ear.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is colorless or light yellow liquid, soluble in water and organic solvents such as benzene and carbon tetrachloride.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate has moisturizing, decontaminating properties, used to treat constipation, used as a laxative or stool softener.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is also used in the synthesis of electrospun fibers for tailoring and controlling antibiotic drug release.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used Thickener; Emulsifier; Wetting agent.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used as a lubricant and can be used as a surfactant in the printing and dyeing industry and cosmetics industry.


Surfactant, Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used as a leveling agent in the printing and dyeing industry, and can also be used as a photosensitive material emulsion.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used for dyeing raw cotton; used for pesticide wettable powder


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used as penetrating agent, additive and chemical intermediate in the industry.
Cosmetic Uses of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate: cleansing agents, surfactants, surfactant - emulsifying, and surfactant - hydrotrope
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used all-purpose surfactant, wetting agent, and solubilizer used in the drug, cosmetics, and food industries.


Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate has also been used in laxatives and as cerumenolytics.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is usually administered as either the calcium, potassium, or sodium salt.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is used as a wetting agent, dispersant, emulsifier, stabiliser for hydrophilic colloids.


-Pharmaceutical Applications of Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is widely used as anionic surfactants in pharmaceutical formulations.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is mainly used in capsule and direct-compression tablet formulations to assist in wetting and dissolution.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is a white or almost white, waxlike, bitter tasting, plastic solid with a characteristic octanol-like odor.
Sodium Dioctyl Sulfosuccınate is hygroscopic and usually available in the form of pellets, flakes, or rolls of tissuethin material.



FUNCTIONS OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
*Emulsifier
*Latex Frothing Agent
*Adjuvant
*Wetting Agents



FORMULATION TYPE OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
*Capsule Suspensions
*Concentrated Aqueous Emulsions
*Microemulsions
*Oil in Water Emulsions
*Suspension Concentrates
*Suspoemulsions
*Water-Dispersible Granules (WDG)
*Wettable Powders



FAMILIES OF SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
*Agrochemicals — Adjuvants & Formulation Ingredients
Dispersants & Emulsifiers

*Stickers, Surfactants & Wetting Agents
Cleaning Ingredients — Cleaning Aids
Emulsifiers & Demulsifiers

*Wetting & Dispersion Aids
Industrial Additives & Materials — Textile & Leather Chemicals
Finishing Additives & Treatments



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
Melting point: 173-179°C(lit.)
Boiling point: 82.7°C
Density: 1.1
Storage conditions: Inertatmosphere, RoomTemperature
Form: WaxySolid
Specific gravity: 1.005
PERCENTVOLATILE:40
Color: White
Water solubility: 1.5g/100mL(25ºC)
Boiling Point, ºC: 80
Density at 25°C, g/ml: 1.05
Flash Point, °C: 27
Form at 25°C: Liquid
Pour Point, °C: <0
Specific Gravity at 25°C: 1.05
Molecular Fomula: C20H37O7S.Na
Molecular weight: 444.56
Appearance: Yellowish to colorless liquid
Boiling Point, ºC: 80
Density at 25°C, g/ml: 1.05
Flash Point, °C: 27
Form at 25°C: Liquid
Pour Point, °C: <0
Specific Gravity at 25°C: 1.05
RVOC, U.S. EPA %: 8
CBNumber:CB7769467

BRN: 4117588
Stability: Stable.
InChIKey: APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M
LogP: 1.998 at 20℃
Appearance: white waxy solid (est)
Assay: 98.50 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 176.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point: 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 5.964 (est)
Soluble in: water, 21777 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp), alcohol, glycerol
Density (at 25 °C): 1.05 g/ml
Moisture Content: 21.9 %
Ethanol Content: 8 %
Actives Content (MW 444): 70%
Flash Point: 27 °C
pH (in 5% aqueous): 6
Viscosity (at 20°C): 200 m.pq.s
Sodium Sulfate Content max. 1.5 %
Sodium Sulfate Content max. 0.5 %
Pour Point: max. 0 °C
Regulated Volatile Organic Chemicals (Ethanol): 8%

MDL Number:MFCD00012455
MOL File:577-11-7.mol
Appearance: Coloueless liquid
Chemical Name: Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate
Synonyms: Aerosol OT; Sodium di-n-octyl sulfosuccinate
Molecular Formula: C20H37NaO7S
Molecular Weight: 444.56
CAS No.: 577-11-7
Melting point: 173-179 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 82.7°C
Density: 1.1
vapor pressure: 0 Pa at 25℃
storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
solubility: methanol: 0.1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
form: Waxy Solid
color: White
Specific Gravity: 1.005_PERCENT VOLATILE: 40
Water Solubility: 1.5 g/100 mL (25 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.1
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.05
Merck: 14,3401



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Call a physician immediately.
Do not attempt to neutralise.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
Docusate sodium
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium salt
Docusate sodium salt
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sulphosuccinate
sodium salt
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate
Sodium Diethylhexyl Sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate
DSS
DOCUSATE SODIUM
AOT
SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Docusate
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
DOSS
Sodium Docusate
AEROSOL OT
DIETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
C20-H37-O7-S.Na
C8-H17-OOC-CH2CH(SO3Na)COOC8-H17
sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulphosuccinate sulfosuccinate
Food Additive 480
GPG
sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate
sodium sulpho 1, 4 bis (2 ethyl hexyl) succinate
bis (ethylhexyl) ester of
sodium sulphosuccinic acid
bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulphosuccinate
1, 4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1, 4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulphosuccinate
2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium
Alcopol O
Clestol
Colace, Complemix
Constonate
Coprol
Defilin
Dioctlyn
Diosuccin,
Diomedicone
Diotilin
Diovac
Docusate sodium
Doxinate
Doxol
D-S-S, Dulsivac
Duosol
Humifen WT-27G
Konlax
Kosate
Laxinate
Manoxal OT
Manoxol OT
Mervamine
Modane Soft
Molatoc
Molcer
Molofac
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate
Docusatnatrium
SULPHOSUCCINICACID,DIOCTYLESTER,SODIUMSALT
SUCCINICACID,SULPHO-1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)ESTER,SODIUMS
SODIUMDI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)SULPHOSUCCINATE
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate sodium
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate)
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFUSUCCINATE
Di(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinic acid,sodium salt
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate solution sodium salt
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt, Docusate sodium
DOSS
DOS
DSS
Adekacol EC 8600
Aerosol A 501
Aerosol AOT
Aerosol GPG
Aerosol OT
Aerosol OT 70PG
Aerosol OT 75
Aerosol OT-A
Aerosol OT-B
Alcopol O
Alkasurf SS-O 75
Alphasol OT
Berol 478
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) S-sodium sulfosuccinate
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate
Bis(ethylhexyl) ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Celanol DOS 65
Celanol DOS 75
Clestol
Colace
Coloxyl
Complemix; Constonate; Coprol
Correctol Extra Gentle Tablets
D-S-S
DESS
DSS
Defilin
Di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinic acid, sodium salt
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Dialose
Dioctlyn
Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Dioctyl-medo forte
Dioctylal
Diomedicone
Diosuccin
Diotilan
Diovac
Diox
Disonate
Doxinate
Doxol
Dulsivac
Duosol
Humifen WT 27G
Konlax
Kosate
Laxinate
Laxinate 100
Manoxal OT
Manoxol O
Mervamine
Modane Soft
Molatoc
Molcer
Molofac
Monawet MD 70E
Monawet MO-70
Monawet MO-70 RP
Monawet MO-84 R2W
Monoxol OT
Natrii dioctylsulfosuccinas
Nekal WT-27
Nevax
Nikkol OTP 70
Norval
Obston
Rapisol
Regutol
Requtol
Revac
SBO
SV 102
Sanmorin OT 70
Sobital
Sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate
Sodium 2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate
Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Sodium di-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate
Sodium sulfodi-(2-ethylhexyl)-sulfosuccinate
Sulfimel DOS
Sulfosuccinic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl)ester sodium salt
Tex-Wet 1001
Triton GR 7
Triton GR-5
Vatsol OT
Velmol
Waxsol
Wetaid SR
Monawet MD-70E
Monawet MO-70
"Monawet MO-84
Monoxol OT
Nekal WT-27
Nevax
Nikkol OTP-70
Norval
Obston
Rapisol
Regutol
Revac
Sanmorin OT70
SBO
Sobital
Softil
Soliwax
Solusol-75%
Docusatnatrium
SULPHOSUCCINICACID,DIOCTYLESTER,SODIUMSALT
SUCCINICACID,SULPHO-1,4-BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)ESTER,SODIUMS
SODIUMDI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)SULPHOSUCCINATE
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate sodiu
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
(Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate)
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFUSUCCINATE
Di(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinic acid,sodium salt
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate solution sodium salt
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt, Docusate sodium
1,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfobutanedioate, sodium salt
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
Sulfosuccinic acid, di-(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
1,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
2-Ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium


SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. Utilisation et sources d'émission: Agent nettoyant, agent dispersant; Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. CAS names; Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, sodium salt (1:1); SODIUM DODECYLBENZENESULFONATE, N° CAS : 25155-30-0, Nom INCI : SODIUM DODECYLBENZENESULFONATE, Nom chimique : Sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 246-680-4. Classification : Tensioactif anionique. Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre. Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile).Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation. Noms français : BENZENESULFONIC ACID, DODECYL-, SODIUM SALT; DODECYL BENZENE SULFONATE DE SODIUM; DODECYL BENZENESULFONIC ACID, SODIUM SALT; DODECYLBENZENE SULFONATE DE SODIUM; DODECYLBENZENESULFONATE DE SODIUM; DODECYLBENZENESULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT; Dodécylbenzènesulfonate de sodium; Sel de sodium de l'acide dodécylbenzènesulfonique; SEL SODIQUE DE L'ACIDE DODECYLBENZENESULFONIQUE; SODIUM DODECYL BENZENE SULFONATE; Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; SODIUM LAURYLBENZENESULFONATE; SODIUM, DODECYL BENZENE SULFONATE DE ; SODIUM, DODECYLBENZENE SULFONATE DE; SODIUM, DODECYLBENZENESULFONATE DE. Noms anglais : Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. Utilisation et sources d'émission: Agent nettoyant, agent dispersant; Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. CAS names; Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, sodium salt (1:1); : alkylarylsulphonates; Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, sodium salt; Dodecene-1 LAS (JIS K 3363-1990) ; Dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid, sodium salt; DUBAROL; sodium 2-dodecylbenzene-1-sulfonate; SODIUM 2-DODECYLBENZENESULFONATE; Sodium 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate; Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate; sodium dodecylbenzenesufonate; Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate (Sodium Alkylbenzenesulfonate C10-C13); Sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate; Sodiumdodecylbenzenesulfonate; Tetrapropylenbenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt ; Trade names: Alkyl(C12)benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt; Dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate; dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt; Na-C12 LAS; SDBS; Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulphonate; sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate; Sodium laurylbenzenesulfonate; sodium linear C12 Alkylbenzene sulfonate; Sodium 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate [ACD/IUPAC Name] ; 218-654-2 [EINECS]; 25155-30-0 [RN]; 4171051; 4-Dodécylbenzènesulfonate de sodium [French] ; 4-Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt; benzenesulfonic acid, 4-dodecyl-, sodium salt ; Benzenesulfonic acid, 4-dodecyl-, sodium salt (1:1) [ACD/Index Name]; DB6825000; MFCD00011508; Natrium-4-dodecylbenzolsulfonat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; SDBS; sodium 4-dodecylbenzenesulphonate; sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate; sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; sodium para-dodecylbenzene sulfonate; SODIUM P-DODECYLBENZENESULFONATE ; 11067-82-6 [RN]; 4-(2-dodecyl)benzene sulfonate sodium salt; Benzenesulfonic acid,4-dodecyl-, sodium salt (1:1); Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt; DODECYLBENZENESODIUMSULFONATE; EINECS 218-654-2; P-DODECYLBENZENESULFONIC ACID, SODIUM SALT; sodium 4-dodecylbenzene-1-sulfonate; sodium 4-laurylbenzenesulfonate
SODIUM DITHIONITE
Sodium dithionite, also known as sodium hydrosulfite, is a white crystalline powder widely used as a powerful reducing agent in various industrial applications.
Sodium dithionite plays a key role in textile bleaching, pulp and paper production, and water treatment processes by effectively removing colorants and oxidizing agents.
Despite Sodium dithionite's efficacy, careful handling is required due to its potential hazards, including skin and eye irritation, and respiratory issues.

CAS Number: 7775-14-6
EC Number: 231-890-0
Chemical Formula: Na2S2O4
Molar Mass: 174.11 g/mol

Synonyms: SODIUM HYDROSULFITE, 7775-14-6, Sodium hydrosulphite, Dithionous acid, disodium salt, Sodium sulfoxylate, Disodium dithionite, Sodium hypodisulfite, Vatrolite, 2K5B8F6ES1, CHEBI:66870, Blankit, Burmol, Hydros, sodiumdithionite, Blankit IN, Hydrosulfite R Conc, V-Brite B, Disodium hydrosulfite, Caswell No. 774, CCRIS 1428, HSDB 746, Sodium hydrosulfite (Na2S2O4), Sodium dithionite (Na2(S2O4)), EINECS 231-890-0, UN1384, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 078202, UNII-2K5B8F6ES1, sodium dithionit, sodiumhydrosulfite, Sodiumhydrosulphite, sodium hydro sulfite, MFCD00011640, sodium sodium hydrosulfite, Dithionous aciddisodiuMsalt, Na2S2O4, EC 231-890-0, Sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4), SODIUM DITHIONITE [II], SODIUM DITHIONITE [MI], CHEMBL3410462, DTXSID9029697, Na2 (S2 O4), SODIUM DITHIONITE [MART.], SODIUM HYDROSULFITE [HSDB], SODIUM HYDROSULFITE [INCI], Dithionous acid, sodium salt (1:2), AKOS015904498, Sodium dithionite or sodium hydrosulfite, BP-13393, FT-0695294, S0562, Q414560, Sodium dithionite or sodium hydrosulfite [UN1384] [Spontaneously combustible], Sodium dithionite [Wiki], 14844-07-6 [RN], 231-890-0 [EINECS], 2K5B8F6ES1, 7775-14-6 [RN], Dinatriumdithionit [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name], Disodium dithionite [ACD/IUPAC Name], Dithionite [ACD/IUPAC Name], Dithionite de disodium [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name], Dithionous acid, disodium salt, MFCD00011640 [MDL number], Sodium hydrosulfite, Sodium hydrosulphite, Sodium hypodisulfite, 1340-77-8 [RN], Blankit, Burmol, Disodium hydrosulfite, disodium sulfinatosulfinate, Dithionous aciddisodiumsalt, EINECS 231-890-0, SODIUM DITHIONATE, Sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4), Sodium Hydrosulfite, 85per cent, Sodium hydrosulfite, Sodium hypodisulfite, Sodium hyposulfite, Sodium sulfoxylate, sodiumdithionite, UNII:2K5B8F6ES1, UNII-2K5B8F6ES1, Vatrolite, V-Brite B

Sodium dithionite (also known as sodium hydrosulfite) is a white crystalline powder with a sulfurous odor.
Although Sodium dithionite is stable in dry air, Sodium dithionite decomposes in hot water and in acid solutions.

Sodium dithionite is a whitish to light yellow crystalline solid having a sulfur dioxide-like odor.
Sodium dithionite spontaneously heats on contact with air and moisture.

This heat may be sufficient to ignite surrounding combustible materials.
Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat containers of Sodium dithionite may violently rupture.
Sodium dithionite is used in dyeing and to bleach paper pulp.

Sodium dithionite is a whitish to light yellow crystalline solid having a sulfur dioxide-like odor.
Sodium dithionite spontaneously heats on contact with air and moisture.

This heat may be sufficient to ignite surrounding combustible materials.
Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat containers of this material may violently rupture.
Sodium dithionite is used in dyeing and to bleach paper pulp.

Sodium dithionite is an inorganic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of dithionous acid.
Sodium dithionite has a role as a reducing agent and a bleaching agent.

Sodium dithionite contains a dithionite(2-).
The dithionous acid ion and Sodium dithionite salts.

Sodium dithionite is also called sodium hydrosulfite, sodium sulfoxylate and sulfoxylate.
Sodium dithionite is unstable under physiological conditions, Sodium dithionite degradation rate increases with increasing acidity.

After contact with moisture, Sodium dithionite is oxidized to hydrogen sulfide (hso3-), sulfite (so32-), and hydrogen sulfate (hso4-).
Sodium dithionite can release sulfur dioxide under strongly acidic conditions.

Under anaerobic conditions (as in the lower gastrointestinal tract), hydrogen sulfide (hso3-) and thiosulfate (s2o32-) can occur.
Hydrogen sulfide (hso3-) can be absorbed after ingestion.
Sodium dithionite is metabolized efficiently and most of Sodium dithionite is rapidly excreted as sulfate in the urine.

Sodium hydrosulfite is widely used in industry due to Sodium dithionite reducing properties and ability to react with oxygen.
Sodium dithionite is used as a reducing bleaching agent to make yellow discoloration of cellulose-based products in the textile industry, in the pulp and paper industry as a reducing bleach, as an oxygen scavenger in boilers, for preservation and water treatment to remove iron stains on cultural artifacts.

Iron flash control on white fabrics in bleaching environments.
Sodium dithionite is also used in photographic film, clay, wine, leather goods, food and beverages, polymers, cleaners, gas cleaning, environmental remediation, metal recovery and chemical processing.

Sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4) is a powerful reducing agent.
Sodium dithionite has therefore been suggested to be used as an additive in kraft pulping to improve the yield.

However, sodium dithionite easily decomposes and Sodium dithionite is thus important to determine the effect of different conditions.
The stability of sodium dithionite was found to decrease with increasing heating temperature, concentration of sodium dithionite, heating time and pH.

Sodium dithionite was found to be relatively stable at moderate alkaline pH: 11.5 and 12.5, while a rapid decrease in stability with time was noted at higher heating temperatures and concentrations of sodium dithionite.
Based on this study on the thermal stability of sodium dithionite, the following conditions are suggested as the most promising, when adding sodium dithionite to the kraft cooking as an additive; pH 12.5, with 0.4 M concentration of the solution, at a heating temperature of 100 °C.

Sodium dithionite is a whitish to light yellow crystalline solid having a sulfur dioxide-like odor.
Sodium dithionite is a powerful reducing agent.
Sodium dithionite has therefore been suggested to be used as an additive in kraft pulping to improve the yield.

Uses of Sodium dithionite:
Sodium dithionite is used to dye fibers and textiles, to strip dyes from fabrics, and to bleach sugar, soap, oils and wood pulp.
Sodium dithionite is used as a chemical reagent and an oxygen scavenger in the production of synthetic rubber.

All uses of sodium dithionite are based on Sodium dithionite reducing properties.
In the textile industry, sodium dithionite is primarily used as reducing agent for vat dyes and sulfur containing dyes, and for the removal of pigments on textiles.
Sodium dithionite is also used as a bleaching agent in reductive bleaching processes, for instance, in the bleaching of mechanical paper pulp, and the bleaching of cotton and wool, as well as sugar.

Industry Uses:
Bleaching agent
Bleaching agents
Cleaning agent
Dye
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other (specify)
Oxidizing/reducing agents
Reducing agent
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)

Consumer Uses:
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Reducing agent

Usage Areas of Sodium dithionite:
In the textile sector, Sodium dithionite provides a reductive reaction with the dye remaining on the fiber after dyeing, allowing excess dye to be removed from the fiber.
Sodium dithionite is used in the paper industry for bleaching pulp.

Sodium dithionite is used in the food industry to bleach sherbet and maltose.
Sulfonation in water treatment, bleaching of minerals by removing iron ions, production of chemicals

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Pulp and Paper Processing
Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing)
Toxic Gas from Spilling Chemical in Water

Applications of Sodium dithionite:

Industry:
Being water-soluble, sodium dithionite is used as a reducing agent in some industrial dyeing processes.
In the case of sulfur dyes and vat dyes, an otherwise water-insoluble dye can be reduced into a water-soluble alkali metal salt (e.g. indigo dye).

Sodium dithionite can also be used for water treatment, aquarium water conditioners, gas purification, cleaning, and stripping.
Sodium dithionite has also been applied as a sulfonating agent.

In addition to the textile industry, this compound is used in industries concerned with leather, foods, polymers, photography, and many others, often as a decolourising agent.
Sodium dithionite is even used domestically as a decoloring agent for white laundry, when Sodium dithionite has been accidentally stained by way of a dyed item slipping into the high temperature washing cycle.
Sodium dithionite is usually available in 5 gram sachets termed hydrosulfite after the antiquated name of the salt.

Sodium dithionite is the an active ingredient in "Iron Out Rust Stain Remover", a commercial rust product.

Laboratory:
Sodium dithionite is often used in physiology experiments as a means of lowering solutions' redox potential (Eo' -0.66 V vs SHE at pH 7).
Potassium ferricyanide is usually used as an oxidizing chemical in such experiments (Eo' ~ .436 V at pH 7).

In addition, sodium dithionite is often used in soil chemistry experiments to determine the amount of iron that is not incorporated in primary silicate minerals.
Hence, iron extracted by sodium dithionite is also referred to as "free iron."
The strong affinity of the dithionite ion for bi- and trivalent metal cations (M2+, M3+) allows Sodium dithionite to enhance the solubility of iron, and therefore dithionite is a useful chelating agent.

Aqueous solutions of sodium dithionite were once used to produce 'Fieser's solution' for the removal of oxygen from a gas stream.
Pyrithione can be prepared in a two-step synthesis from 2-bromopyridine by oxidation to the N-oxide with a suitable peracid followed by substitution using sodium dithionite to introduce the thiol functional group.

Photography:
Sodium dithionite is used in Kodak fogging developer, FD-70.
This is used in the second step in processing black and white positive images, for making slides.
Sodium dithionite is part of the Kodak Direct Positive Film Developing Outfit.

Preparation of Sodium dithionite:
Sodium dithionite is produced industrially by reduction of sulfur dioxide.
Approximately 300,000 tons were produced in 1990.

The route using zinc powder is a two-step process:
2 SO2 + Zn → ZnS2O4
ZnS2O4 + 2 NaOH → Na2S2O4 + Zn(OH)2

The sodium borohydride method obeys the following stoichiometry:
NaBH4 + 8 NaOH + 8 SO2 → 4 Na2S2O4 + NaBO2 + 6 H2O

Each equivalent of H− reduces two equivalents of sulfur dioxide.
Formate has also been used as the reductant.

Structure of Sodium dithionite:
The structure has been examined by Raman spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
The dithionite dianion has C2 symmetry, with almost eclipsed with a 16° O-S-S-O torsional angle.
In the dihydrated form (Na2S2O4·2H2O), the dithionite anion has gauche 56° O-S-S-O torsional angle.

A weak S-S bond is indicated by the S-S distance of 239 pm, which is elongated by ca. 30 pm relative to a typical S-S bond.
Because this bond is fragile, the dithionite anion dissociates in solution into the [SO2]− radicals, as has been confirmed by EPR spectroscopy.
Sodium dithionite is also observed that 35S undergoes rapid exchange between S2O42− and SO2 in neutral or acidic solution, consistent with the weak S-S bond in the anion.

Properties and Reactions of Sodium dithionite:

Hydrolysis:
Sodium dithionite is stable when dry, but aqueous solutions deteriorate due to the following reaction:
2 S2O42− + H2O → S2O32− + 2 HSO3−

This behavior is consistent with the instability of dithionous acid.
Thus, solutions of sodium dithionite cannot be stored for a long period of time.

Anhydrous sodium dithionite decomposes to sodium sulfate and sulfur dioxide above 90 °C in the air.
In absence of air, Sodium dithionite decomposes quickly above 150 °C to sodium sulfite, sodium thiosulfate, sulfur dioxide and trace amount of sulfur.

Redox reactions of Sodium dithionite:
Sodium dithionite is a reducing agent.
At pH 7, the potential is -0.66 V compared to the normal hydrogen electrode.

Redox occurs with formation of bisulfite:
S2O42- + 2 H2O → 2 HSO3− + 2 e− + 2 H+

Sodium dithionite reacts with oxygen:
Na2S2O4 + O2 + H2O → NaHSO4 + NaHSO3

These reactions exhibit complex pH-dependent equilibria involving bisulfite, thiosulfate, and sulfur dioxide.

With organic carbonyls:
In the presence of aldehydes, sodium dithionite reacts either to form α-hydroxy-sulfinates at room temperature or to reduce the aldehyde to the corresponding alcohol above a temperature of 85 °C.
Some ketones are also reduced under similar conditions.

Manufacturing Methods of Sodium dithionite:

Zinc dust process:
An aqueous slurry of zinc dust is treated in a stirred reactor with cooling at ca. 40 °C with liquid or gaseous sulfur dioxide to give zinc dithionite.
After completion of the reaction the solution is passed through a filter press to remove unreacted zinc dust and impurities from the zinc.

The zinc is then precipitated from the zinc dithionite by adding sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide in stirred vessels.
The zinc carbonate or hydroxide is removed in filter presses.

Anhydrous sodium dithionite is precipitated from the clarified sodium dithionite solution by concentration under vacuum and addition of sodium chloride at > 60 °C.
Sodium dithionite is filtered, washed with methanol, and dried at 90 - 100 °C.

Besides the evaporation process the salting out process, which was more widely used previously, is still known.
In this process the dithionite is obtained from the solution by the addition of sodium chloride and methanol.

Amalgam Process:
In the amalgam process, sodium hydrogensulfite is reduced to sodium dithionite in aqueous solution in a cooled, stirred vessel using the sodium amalgam of a chloralkali electrolysis cell.
The sodium-free mercury is returned to the electrolysis cell where Sodium dithionite is recharged with sodium.

During reaction of the amalgam with the hydrogensulfite solution a pH of 5 - 6 must be maintained.
Sodium dithionite is obtained by precipitation with salts or methanol or both.

Formate Process:
Sodium formate, dissolved in 80% aqueous methanol, is charged to a stirred vessel.
At a pressure of 2 - 3 bar sulfur dioxide and sodium hydroxide are introduced into this solution such that a pH of 4 - 5 is maintained.

Sodium Borohydride Process Sodium borohydride is stable in strong aqueous alkali and can be used in this form for the production of sodium dithionite by adding SO2 and sodium hydroxide.

Reactivity Profile of Sodium dithionite:
Sodium dithionite is a combustible solid which slowly decomposes when in contact with water or water vapor, forming thiosulfates and bisulfites.
This reaction evolves heat, which can further accelerate the reaction or cause surrounding materials to burn.

If the mixture is confined, the decomposition reaction can result in pressurization of the container which may then rupture forcefully.
Upon standing in air Sodium dithionite slowly oxidizes, generating toxic sulfur dioxide gas.

Handling and Storage of Sodium dithionite:

Nonfire Spill Response:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

SMALL SPILL:
For spills of Xanthates, UN3342 and for Dithionite (Hydrosulfite/Hydrosulphite), UN1384, UN1923 and UN1929, dissolve in 5 parts water and collect for proper disposal.

CAUTION:
UN3342 when flooded with water will continue to evolve flammable Carbon disulfide/Carbon disulphide vapors.
Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place Sodium dithionite into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal.
Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Safe Storage:
Separated from strong oxidants and acids.
Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Storage Conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

Do not store near acids.
Handle under inert gas.
Protect from moisture.

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location.
Outside or detached storage is preferred.

Separate from combustibles and oxiding materials.
Immediately remove and properly dispose of any spilled material.

Materials to avoid:
Strong oxidizing agents, acids.

First Aid Measures of Sodium dithionite:
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of Sodium dithionite(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

Move victim to fresh air if Sodium dithionite can be done safely.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.

Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
Keep victim calm and warm.

Fire Fighting of Sodium dithionite:
DO NOT USE WATER, CO2 OR FOAM ON MATERIAL ITSELF.
Some of these materials may react violently with water.

CAUTION:
For Xanthates, UN3342 and for Dithionite (Hydrosulfite/Hydrosulphite) UN1384, UN1923 and UN1929, USE FLOODING AMOUNTS OF WATER for SMALL AND LARGE fires to stop the reaction.
Smothering will not work for these materials, they do not need air to burn.

SMALL FIRE:
Dry chemical, soda ash, lime or DRY sand, EXCEPT for UN1384, UN1923, UN1929 and UN3342.

LARGE FIRE:
DRY sand, dry chemical, soda ash or lime EXCEPT for UN1384, UN1923, UN1929 and UN3342, or withdraw from area and let fire burn.

CAUTION:
UN3342 when flooded with water will continue to evolve flammable Carbon disulfide/Carbon disulphide vapors.
If Sodium dithionite can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers or in contact with substance.

Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

Accidental Release Measures of Sodium dithionite:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE:
Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL:
Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1384 datasheet.

FIRE:
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Spillage Disposal of Sodium dithionite:

Personal protection:
Particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of Sodium dithionite.
Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.

Sweep spilled substance into covered containers.
Carefully collect remainder.

Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents.

Identifiers of Sodium dithionite:
CAS Number: 7775-14-6
ChEBI: CHEBI:66870
ChemSpider: 22897
ECHA InfoCard: 100.028.991
EC Number: 231-890-0
PubChem CID: 24489
RTECS number: JP2100000
UNII: 2K5B8F6ES1
UN number: 1384
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID9029697
InChI: InChI=1S/2Na.H2O4S2/c;;1-5(2)6(3)4/h;;(H,1,2)(H,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2
Key: JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L
SMILES: [O-]S(=O)S(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+]

Linear Formula: Na2S2O4
MDL Number: MFCD00011640
EC No.: 231-890-0
Beilstein/Reaxys No.: N/A
Pubchem CID: 24489
IUPAC Name: N/A
SMILES: [O-]S(=O)S(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+]
InchI Identifier: InChI=1S/2Na.H2O4S2/c;;1-5(2)6(3)4/h;;(H,1,2)(H,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2
InchI Key: JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L

CAS number: 7775-14-6
EC index number: 016-028-00-1
EC number: 231-890-0
Hill Formula: Na₂O₄S₂
Chemical formula: Na₂S₂O₄
Molar Mass: 174.11 g/mol
HS Code: 2831 10 00
Quality Level: MQ200

CAS: 7775-14-6
Molecular Formula: Na2O4S2
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 174.096
MDL Number: 11640
InChI Key: JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L
PubChem CID: 24489
ChEBI: CHEBI:66870
SMILES: [O-]S(=O)S(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+]

Properties of Sodium dithionite:
Chemical formula: Na2S2O4
Molar mass: 174.107 g/mol (anhydrous)
210.146 g/mol (dihydrate)
Appearance: white to grayish crystalline powder
light-lemon colored flakes
Odor: faint sulfur odor
Density: 2.38 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
1.58 g/cm3 (dihydrate)
Melting point: 52 °C (126 °F; 325 K)
Boiling point: Decomposes
Solubility in water: 18.2 g/100 mL (anhydrous, 20 °C)
21.9 g/100 mL (Dihydrate, 20 °C)
Solubility: slightly soluble in alcohol

Density: 2.5 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: >100 °C
Ignition temperature: >200 °C
Melting Point: 100 °C (decomposition)
pH value: 5.5 - 8.5 (50 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Bulk density: 1250 kg/m3
Solubility: 250 g/l (slow decomposition)

Compound Formula: Na2O4S2
Molecular Weight: 174.107
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Melting Point: 52 °C
Boiling Point: Decomposes
Density: 2.8 g/cm3
Solubility in H2O: 18.2 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Exact Mass: 173.903339
Monoisotopic Mass: 173.903339

Molecular Weight: 174.11 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 6
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 173.90333939 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 173.90333939 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 119Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 8
Complexity: 60.5
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Sodium dithionite:
Assay (iodometric): ≥ 85.0 %
Identity: passes test
Chloride (Cl): ≤ 0.05 %
Fe (Iron): ≤ 0.005 %

Melting Point: 300°C
Color: White
pH: 8 to 9.5
Physical Form: Powder/Solid
Quantity: 500 g
Formula Weight: 174.1g/mol
Packaging: Plastic powder jar

Related compounds of Sodium dithionite:
Sodium thiosulfate
Sodium bisulfite
Sodium metabisulfite
Sodium bisulfate

Other anions:
Sodium sulfite
Sodium sulfate

Names of Sodium dithionite:
D-Ox, Hydrolin, Reductone
sodium hydrosulfite, sodium sulfoxylate, Sulfoxylate
Vatrolite, Virtex L
Hydrosulfit, Prayon
Blankit, Albite A, Konite
Zepar, Burmol, Arostit
SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is an organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate consists of white or cream to pale yellow coloured crystals, flakes, or powder having a smooth feel, a soapy, bitter taste, and a faint odor of fatty substances.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is easily soluble in water.

CAS Number: 151-21-3
Molecular Formula: C12H25NaO4S
Molecular Weight: 288.38
EINECS Number: 205-788-1

Sodium dodecyl sulfate has a role as a detergent and a protein denaturant.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate contains a dodecyl sulfate.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate role as an anionic surfactant aids in the solubilization of proteins, lipids, and other macromolecules.

As an anionic surfactant, Sodium dodecyl sulfate reduces the surface tension of aqueous solutions, enabling the solubilization of proteins, lipids, and other macromolecules.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate also interacts with proteins and macromolecules, modifying their shape and enhancing solubility.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a common ingredient in detergents, including laundry detergents, dishwashing detergents, and industrial cleaners.

Sodium dodecyl sulfates ability to remove dirt, grease, and oil makes it effective for cleaning.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used to stabilize emulsions, which are mixtures of immiscible liquids, such as oil and water.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can help prevent the separation of these components in products like salad dressings and mayonnaise.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sometimes written sodium laurilsulfate, is an organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)11OSO3Na and structure H3C−(CH2)11−O−S(=O)2−O−Na+.
Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is an ionic surfactant.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate has a significant effect on the granular fouling, protein fouling, and oil fouling.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is better to clean granular fouling on natural fibers.
The detergency of Sodium dodecyl sulfate is enhanced with the increase of temperature.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a yellow oil, which can form a hexagonal or rhombic strong flake-like crystal.

While Sodium dodecyl sulfate is generally regarded as non-toxic and biodegradable, it can exhibit biochemical and physiological effects such as increased cell membrane permeability and alterations in protein structure and function.
Furthermore, Sodium dodecyl sulfate has been observed to inhibit the growth of certain bacteria, fungi, and viruses, as well as disrupt the metabolism of specific organisms.
The effect on protein fouling is better than that of the non-ionic surfactant.

However, there are two disadvantages of Sodium dodecyl sulfates, one is poor hard water tolerance and the detergency can be reduced with the hardness of the water.
Therefore, the detergent must be used with the appropriate chelating mixture.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is irritant to the skin when washing by hand.

In recent years, Sodium dodecyl sulfate is often used with nonionic surfactants such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO) for better washing effect.
The main purpose of Sodium dodecyl sulfate is to make a variety detergent.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a kind of yellow oily, micro-toxicity.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is neutral, more sensitive to water hardness, and not easy to oxidation.
The linear structure is easier biodegradation more than 90%.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate brings little influence to the environment.

Moreover, Sodium dodecyl sulfate finds application in gel electrophoresis for the separation of proteins and macromolecules based on size.
Additionally, Sodium dodecyl sulfate plays a crucial part in DNA sample preparation for sequencing and nanoparticle production.

Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is a series of organic compounds with the formula C12H25C6H4SO3Na.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate, commonly referred to as SDS, is a versatile anionic surfactant utilized in various laboratory and industrial settings.
The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.

Sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate is used as a synthetic detergent.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a high-content anionic surfactant with properties of detergency, moistening, foaming, emulsifying, and dispersity.
The biological degradability of Sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant is more than 90%.

International security organizations have recognized it as a safe chemical.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate has a hydrophobic (water-repellent) tail composed of a dodecyl (12-carbon) alkyl chain attached to a hydrophilic (water-attracting) sulfonate (SO3-) group.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate has strong foaming ability and detergency and is easy to compound with various additives.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate Powder is highly biodegradable, low toxic, non-harmful to skin and fabric, and has a high detergent power and foaming capacity.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate Powder has a compound formulation combining a unique functional surfactant and a softening agent, the component substitutes the traditionally used sodium alkybenzene sulfonate, thus eliminating the impact of benzene in sodium alkybenzene sulfonate.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a high-content anionic surfactant with detergency, moistening, foaming, emulsifying, and dispersing properties.
The biological degradability of Sodium dodecyl sulfate is more than 90%. International security organizations have recognized it as a safe chemical.
The critical micelle concentration (CMC) in water at 25 °C is 8.2 mM, and the aggregation number at this concentration is usually considered to be about 62.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is mainly used in detergents for laundry with many cleaning applications.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a highly effective surfactant and is used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues.
For example, Sodium dodecyl sulfate is found in higher concentrations with industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car exterior cleaners.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate can reduce the surface tension of water and other liquids.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can help solubilize nonpolar substances in aqueous solutions and improve the wetting, dispersing, and emulsifying properties of formulations.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a kind of yellow oily, micro-toxicity.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is neutral, more sensitive to water hardness, and not easy to oxidation.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate has a strong foaming ability and detergency and is easy to compound with various additives.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate, appearing as its synonym sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), is considered a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) ingredient for food use according to the USFDA.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as an emulsifying agent and whipping aid.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can protect both the environment and our health, meanwhile remove soil easily.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a colourless salt with useful properties as a surfactant.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is usually produced as a mixture of related sulfonates.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a major component of laundry detergent.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a white to light yellow flakes, granules or powder.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is soluble in water.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate acts as a surfactant in the ionic self-assembly reaction of cyclophane BIMCP-1.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is the sodium salt of the 12-carbon organosulfate.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is hydrocarbon tail combined with a polar "headgroup" give the compound amphiphilic properties that make it useful as a detergent.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is also component of mixtures produced from inexpensive coconut and palm oils.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a common component of many domestic cleaning, personal hygiene and cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food products, as well as of industrial and commercial cleaning and product formulations.
This water-soluble compound is both biodegradable and non-toxic, offering a broad range of applications across fields like biochemistry, nanotechnology, and medical research.
Sodium dodecyl sulfates functions extend to emulsification, detergency, and cleaning purposes.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a component in hand soap, toothpastes, shampoos, shaving creams, and bubble bath formulations, for its ability to create a foam (lather), for its surfactant properties, and in part for its thickening effect.

As an emulsifier in or with egg whites the United States Code of Federal Regulations require that it must not exceed 1,000 parts per million (0.1%) in egg white solids or 125 parts per million (0.0125%) in frozen or liquid egg whites and as a whipping agent for the preparation of marshmallows it must not exceed 0.5% of the weight of gelatine.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is reported to temporarily diminish perception of sweetness.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is synthesized by treating lauryl alcohol with sulfur trioxide, oleum, or chlorosulfuric acid to produce hydrogen lauryl sulfate.
Lauryl alcohol can be used in pure form or as a mixtures of fatty alcohols.
When produced from these sources, "Sodium dodecyl sulfate" products are a mixture of various sodium alkyl sulfates with SDS being the main component.

For instance, Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a component, along with other chain-length amphiphiles, when produced from coconut oil, and is known as sodium coco sulfate (SCS).
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is available commercially in powder, pellet, and other forms (each differing in rates of dissolution), as well as in aqueous solutions of varying concentrations.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate, white or light yellow powder or flake solid.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is difficult to volatilize, but it easy to dissolve in water and become a subtransparent solution.
For alkali, dilute acid, Sodium dodecyl sulfate has stable hard water properties.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is micro toxicity.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is commonly used as an anionic surfactant.
According to the physicochemical property, Sodium dodecyl sulfate has three main functions.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate holds significant importance in scientific research, particularly in the realm of biochemistry.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate has micro toxicity and has been recognized by the international security organization as a safe chemical raw material.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used to clean fruit and tableware.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in detergent has a branched chain structure (ABS) and linear structure (LAS).

The branched chain structure has small biodegradability. SDBS can cause environmental pollution.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is an active ingredient cleaning agent, or "surfactant," that is one of a group of ingredients commonly used in bath products, cleansing products, shampoos and hair conditioners.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate, often abbreviated as SDBS or SLS, is a synthetic organic compound.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is classified as an anionic surfactant, which means it has surface-active properties and can lower the surface tension of liquids.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is commonly used in various industrial and household applications due to its surfactant properties.
Most sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonates are a member of the linear alkyl benzene sulfonates, meaning that the dodecyl group (C12H25) is un branched.

This dodecyl chain is attached at the 4- position of the benzene sulfonate group.
Linear dodecyl-4-benzene sulfonate anions can exist in six isomers (ignoring optical isomers), depending on the carbon of the dodecyl group that is attached to the benzene ring.

The isomer shown below left is 4-(5-dodecyl ) benzene sulfonate (4 indicating the position of the benzene ring, 5 indicating the position on the dodecane chain).
Branched isomers, e.g. those derived from tetramerized propylene, are also known (below right) but are not as widely used because they biodegrade too slowly.

Melting point: 204-207 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.03 g/mL at 20 °C
FEMA: 4437 | SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Flash point: >100°C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: H2O: 0.1 M, clear to nearly clear, colorless to slightly yellow
form: Powder or Crystals
color: White to pale yellow
PH: 6-9 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor: Slight fatty odour
PH Range: 7.2
Water Solubility: ca. 150 g/L (20 ºC)
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.3
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.2
Merck: 14,8636
BRN: 3599286
InChIKey: DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
LogP: 1.600

Sodium dodecyl sulfate effectively reduces the tension of oil and water surface to emulsification.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate creates a rich lather when mixed with water, enhancing the cleaning and spreading properties of these products.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used for cleaning equipment, degreasing surfaces, and aiding in the formulation of various chemicals and formulations.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used in textile processing to assist in dyeing and printing operations.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate sulfonate has been widely used in the preparation of cosmetics, food, printing and dyeing auxiliaries and pesticides.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is often added to products like shampoos, hand soaps, and bath products as a foaming agent.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate has been recognized as a safe chemical raw material by international safety organizations and is an anionic surfactant.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate may be used in pesticide formulations to improve the spreading and wetting of pesticides on plant surfaces.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in research laboratories for various purposes, including protein solubilization and as a component of buffer solutions.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is sometimes used in the petroleum industry to improve the recovery of oil from reservoirs through enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a common ingredient in toothpastes due to its low cost, its lack of impact on taste, and its desirable action as a foaming agent.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate may reduce the amount of bad breath-causing volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in the mouth.
A series of small crossover studies (25–34 patients) have supported the efficacy of SLS in the reduction of VSCs, and its related positive impact on breath malodor, although these studies have been generally noted to reflect technical challenges in the control of study design variables.
The emulsifier is a kind of substance that improves the surface tension between various components in the emulsion and forms a stable dispersion system or emulsion.

There are hydrophilic groups and lipophilic groups in its molecule.
They also can reduce the interfacial tension and reduce the energy required to form the emulsion, so as to improve the energy of the emulsion.
As a kind of anionic surfactant, Sodium dodecyl sulfate has good surface activity and strong hydrophilicity.

Preparation:
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be synthesized by reacting dodecyl alcohol with sulfur trioxide gas, followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide.
The preparation of Sodium dodecyl sulfate involves the following steps: The reaction takes place in a vertical reactor at 32 °C.
Nitrogen gas is introduced through the gas vents at a flow rate of 85.9 L/min.

Lauryl alcohol is added at a flow rate of 58 g/min at 82.7 kPa.
Liquid sulfur trioxide is fed into the flash evaporator at 124.1 kPa, with a flow rate of 0.9072 kg/h and a flash temperature of 100 °C.

The sulfated product is quickly cooled to 50 °C, aged for 10-20 min, then neutralized with a base in a neutralization kettle controlled at 50 °C.
The pH is adjusted to 7-8.5, and the liquid product is spray dried to obtain a solid product.

Uses:
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as surfactants, detergents, foaming agents, and wetting agents, and so on.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as relatively low-level ion-pairing reagents, and is cheaper than sodium heptanesulfonate and sodium pentanesulfonate when less demanding.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as raw material for modifying materials.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as additives in capillary electrophoresis analysis and is generally used as molar solution.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is also used in other analysis such as flow column analysis.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in cleaning procedures, and is commonly used as a component for lysing cells during RNA extraction and/or DNA extraction, and for denaturing proteins in preparation for electrophoresis in the SDS-PAGE technique.

Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate has been used to stabilize dispersions of graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) during the preparation of the liquid phase of GNFs.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in an improved technique for preparing brain tissues for study by optical microscopy.
The technique, which has been branded as CLARITY, was the work of Karl Deisseroth and coworkers at Stanford University, and involves infusion of the organ with an acrylamide solution to bind the macromolecules of the organ (proteins, nucleic acids, etc.), followed by thermal polymerization to form a "brain–hydrogel" (a mesh interspersed throughout the tissue to fix the macromolecules and other structures in space), and then by lipid removal using Sodium dodecyl sulfate to eliminate light scattering with minimal protein loss, rendering the tissue quasi-transparent.

In this way, the difference in mobility of the polypeptide chains in the gel can be attributed solely to their length as opposed to both their native charge and shape.
This separation based on the size of the polypeptide chain simplifies the analysis of protein molecules.
The device acts as a reverse filter, allowing large particles to pass while capturing smaller particles.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate has been used to stabilize dispersions of graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) during the preparation of the liquid phase of GNFs.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can also suspend single-walled carbon nanotubes as individuals in aqueous media and also give well-resolved spectral features.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate was used to fabricate amperometic biosensors for glucose.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as an efficient emulsifying agent for polymerizing pressure-sensitive adhesive.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as the anti-hygroscopic and anticaking additives for powdered chemical products that easily absorb moisture and agglomerate, such as methenamine, carbamide, and ammonium nitrate.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate products are widely used.

In addition to the above several functions, Sodium dodecyl sulfate also can be used as a cotton fabric refining agent and desizing agent in textile.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate functions as a foaming agent, creating a rich lather for cleansing and spreading.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is employed as an emulsifying agent in the food industry, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate helps stabilize and homogenize emulsions, such as salad dressings, mayonnaise, creams, and lotions.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can also suspend single-walled carbon nanotubes as individuals in aqueous media and also give well-resolved spectral features.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as an antistatic additive with a cleaning function for textile oil.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be an efficient antistatic agent for polyester substrate and film base, especially for polyester base cinefilm and filmstrip.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be the antistatic agent for polyolefine, polyester, and other polymer materials.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be described as an anionic frother with a structure that is composed of an aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic radical.

In spite of the fact that these frothers have good frothing properties, their application was limited, likely because most Sodium dodecyl sulfate frothers contain traces of sulfur, which interfere with flotation.
In the case of Sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE, the compound works by disrupting non-covalent bonds in the proteins, and so denaturing them, i.e. causing the protein molecules to lose their native conformations and shapes.

By binding to proteins at a ratio of one Sodium dodecyl sulfate molecule per 2 amino acid residues, the negatively charged detergent provides all proteins with a similar net negative charge and therefore a similar charge-to-mass ratio.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used in enhanced oil recovery processes.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate helps reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water, improving the displacement of oil from reservoirs.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in textile manufacturing to aid in dyeing and printing processes.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate helps disperse dyes and improve their adherence to fabric fibers.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is sometimes added to pesticide formulations to enhance the spreading and wetting properties of the pesticide on plant surfaces, ensuring better coverage.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate in various experiments and applications, including protein solubilization, buffer preparation, and as a surfactant in analytical chemistry techniques.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as an efficient antistatic agent for polyester substrate and film base, especially for polyester base cinefilm and filmstrip.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as the antistatic agent for polyolefine, polyester, and other polymer materials.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as the anti-hygroscopic and anticaking additives for powdered chemical products that are easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate, such as methenamine, carbamide, and ammonium nitrate.
As the main content of high-class detergent and cleaner, Sodium dodecyl sulfate can blench, remove stains and oil and resist static electricity.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can also suspend single-walled carbon nanotubes as individuals in aqueous media and also give well-resolved spectral features.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be found in various industrial processes, such as metal cleaning, degreasing, and as a component in the formulation of chemicals and formulations.
Sodium dodecyl sulfatemay be used in water treatment processes to help disperse and remove contaminants from water.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the production of firefighting foam concentrates to create stable and effective foams for extinguishing flammable liquid fires.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate was used to fabricate amperometic biosensors for glucose.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a widely used in the pharmaceutical field as an ionic solubilizer and emulsifier that is suitable for applications in liquid dispersions, solutions, emulsions and micro emulsions, tablets, foams and semi-solids such as creams, lotions and gels.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as an efficient emulsifying agent for polymerizing pressure-sensitive adhesive.

As the main content of high-class detergent and cleaner, Sodium dodecyl sulfate can blench, remove stains and oil and resist static electricity.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as resin dispersant, felt detergent and deinking agent in the papermaking industry.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as an osmotic degreaser in the leather industry.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as an anti-blocking agent in the fertilizer industry.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the cement industry as a gassing agent, or used separately or in conjunction with components.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is widely used in the production of various detergents and emulsifiers, and can be properly used in cosmetics such as shampoo, foam bath, etc.; it can also be used as cleaning agent in textile industry, dyeing assistant, degreasing agent in electroplating industry; deinking agent in paper industry also needs to add a certain amount of Sodium dodecyl sulfate.

In addition, linear Sodium dodecyl sulfate is very stable to oxidizer and soluble in water, so it is very suitable for washing powder with oxidizing bleach.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a common ingredient in household and industrial cleaning products, including laundry detergents, dishwashing detergents, all-purpose cleaners, and degreasers.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate helps remove dirt, grease, and stains from surfaces.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in various personal care items such as shampoos, body washes, hand soaps, and bath products.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as an antistatic additive with a cleaning function for textile oil.
Additionally, Sodium dodecyl sulfate aids in tablet wettability, as well as lubrication during manufacturing.

Safety Profile:
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is widely used in cosmetics and oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a moderately toxic material with acute toxic effects including irritation to the skin, eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, and stomach.
Repeated, prolonged exposure to dilute solutions may cause drying and cracking of the skin; contact dermatitis may develop.

Prolonged inhalation of Sodium dodecyl sulfate will damage the lungs.
Pulmonary sensitization is possible, resulting in hyperactive airway dysfunction and pulmonary allergy.
Animal studies have shown intravenous administration to cause marked toxic effects to the lung, kidney, and liver.

Some individuals may develop skin sensitization or allergies to Sodium dodecyl sulfate with repeated or prolonged exposure.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate's essential to use protective measures such as gloves and safety goggles when working with SDS-containing products.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be harmful, especially in large quantities.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is not intended for consumption.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is generally considered safe for normal use in personal care products, inhaling its dust or aerosols can lead to respiratory irritation.
When handling SDS in powder or aerosol form, use proper ventilation or respiratory protection as necessary.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is not considered highly toxic to aquatic life but can have an adverse impact on the environment if released in significant quantities.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is important to follow local regulations and best practices for disposal and wastewater treatment.

Storage:
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is stable under normal storage conditions. However, in solution, under extreme conditions, i.e. pH 2.5 or below, it undergoes hydrolysis to lauryl alcohol and sodium bisulfate.
The bulk material should be stored in a well-closed container away from strong oxidizing agents in a cool, dry place.

Synonyms:
Sodium dodecyl sulfate
151-21-3
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Sodium dodecylsulfate
Sodium lauryl sulphate
Sodium dodecyl sulphate
Neutrazyme
Sodium n-dodecyl sulfate
Irium
Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt
Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt
Dodecyl sodium sulfate
Dodecyl sulfate, sodium salt
Anticerumen
Duponal
Duponol
Gardinol
Sodium monododecyl sulfate
Dreft
Aquarex methyl
Duponol methyl
Solsol needles
Stepanol methyl
Duponol waqa
Stepanol wac
Stepanol waq
Duponol qx
Richonol af
Perlandrol L
Perlankrol L
Sipex sb
Sipex sd
Standapol wa-ac
Stepanol me dry
Duponol Me
Richonol A
Richonol C
Sintapon L
Duponol C
Maprofix LK
Standapol WAQ
Stepanol ME
Stepanol WA
Akyposal SDS
Carsonol SLS
Maprobix NEU
Maprofix NEU
Maprofix WAC
Aquarex ME
Dupanol WAQ
Duponol QC
Duponol WA
Duponol WA dry
Duponol WAQ
Empicol LPZ
Hexamol SLS
Melanol CL
Duponal WAQE
Duponol WAQE
Duponol WAQM
Sterling wa paste
Conco sulfate WA
Conco sulfate WN
Nikkol SLS
Orvus WA Paste
Sipex OP
Sipex SP
Sipex UB
Sipon LS
Sipon PD
Sipon WD
Detergent 66
Montopol La Paste
Sipon LSB
Maprofix WAC-LA
Sterling WAQ-CH
Cycloryl 21
Cycloryl 31
Stepanol WA Paste
Conco Sulfate WAG
Conco Sulfate WAN
Conco Sulfate WAS
Quolac EX-UB
Odoripon Al 95
sodiumdodecylsulfate
Avirol 118 conc
Cycloryl 580
Cycloryl 585N
Lauyl sodium sulfate
Maprofix 563
Sinnopon LS 95
Stepanol T 28
Sodium laurilsulfate
Steinapol NLS 90
Empicol LS 30
Empicol LX 28
Lauryl sodium sulfate
Melanol CL 30
NALS
Rewopol NLS 30
Standapol waq special
Standapol was 100
Sinnopon LS 100
Stepanol WA-100
Carsonol SLS Special
Standapol 112 conc
Stepanol ME Dry AW
Avirol 101
Emersal 6400
Monogen Y 100
Carsonol SLS Paste B
sodium;dodecyl sulfate
Stepanol methyl dry aw
Berol 452
Emal 10
EMAL O
Sipon LS 100
n-Dodecyl sulfate sodium
Sodium monolauryl sulfate
Monododecyl sodium sulfate
Sodiumlauryl ether sulfate
Lauryl sulfate sodium salt
Conco sulfate WA-1200
Conco sulfate WA-1245
Dehydag sulfate GL emulsion
MFCD00036175
Emulsifier no. 104
Texapon k 12 p
CHEBI:8984
P and G Emulsifier 104
Sodium lauryl sulfate ether
SLS
Sodium Laurylsulfate
NSC-402488
Texapon K 1296
NCI-C50191
Laurylsulfuric Acid Sodium Salt
Dodecyl alcohol, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt
Dodecylsulfuric Acid Sodium Salt
DTXSID1026031
Sodium lauryl sulfate, synthetic
Finasol osr2
Incronol SLS
Natriumlaurylsulfat
368GB5141J
NCGC00091020-03
E487
Jordanol SL-300
Finasol osr(sub 2)
Dodecyl sulfate sodium
Monagen Y 100
Perklankrol ESD 60
Caswell No. 779
Natrium laurylsulfuricum
12738-53-3
12765-21-8
1334-67-4
Laurylsiran sodny [Czech]
Lauryl sulfate, sodium salt
Dehydrag sulfate gl emulsion
DTXCID906031
Dehydag sulphate GL emulsion
Laurylsiran sodny
Rhodapon UB
Sodium dodecyl sulfate for Electrophoresis, inverted exclamation markY98.5%
Sodium lauryl sulfate 30%
CAS-151-21-3
CCRIS 6272
Lauryl sulfate sodium
HSDB 1315
Sodium lauryl sulfate, dental grade
EINECS 205-788-1
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079011
NSC 402488
CP 75424
Empicol
AI3-00356
UNII-368GB5141J
Sodium lauryl sulfate [JAN:NF]
sodiumlauryl sulfate
sodium dodecylsulphate
Sodium dedecyl sulfate
Sodium-dodecyl-S-SDS
IPC-SDS
sodium n-dodecyl sulphate
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate NF
SDS (20% Solution)
sodium monododecyl sulphate
lauryl sulphate sodium salt
EC 205-788-1
dodecyl sulphate sodium salt
SCHEMBL1102
Sodium lauryl sulfate, SDS
sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)
Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt (1:1)
CHEMBL23393
sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds)
dodecyl sulfuric acid sodium salt
HY-Y0316B
DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Dodecyl sulphuric acid sodium salt
Sodium lauryl sulfate (JP17/NF)
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [II]
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [MI]
BCP30594
CS-B1770
HY-Y0316
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [FCC]
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [JAN]
Tox21_111059
Tox21_201614
Tox21_300149
BDBM50530482
SODIUM LAURILSULFATE [MART.]
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [HSDB]
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [INCI]
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [VANDF]
AKOS015897278
AKOS025147308
Tox21_111059_1
DB00815
Dodecyl sulfuric acid ester sodium salt
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [USP-RS]
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [WHO-DD]
NCGC00091020-01
NCGC00091020-02
NCGC00254225-01
NCGC00259163-01
NCGC00274082-01
AS-14730
SODIUM LAURILSULFATE [EP IMPURITY]
SODIUM LAURILSULFATE [EP MONOGRAPH]
CS-0182093
D1403
FT-0603358
FT-0700721
I0352
S0588
D01045
EN300-103513
F16341
S-4600
S-4601
SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE BIOTECH GRD 100G
Q422241
Sodium n-dodecyl sulfate, 98%, for electrophoresis
F0001-0539
Z1365432828
Sodium dodecylsulfate;Sodium lauryl sulphate;Dodecyl sodium sulfate
Dodecyl sodium sulfate, Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt, Lauryl sulfate sodium salt, SDS, Sodium lauryl sulfate
SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE
CAS Number: 151-21-3
IUPAC name: Sodium dodecyl sulfate
Chemical formula: C12H25NaSO4
Molar mass: 288.372 g
EC Number: 205-788-1

Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SLS), sometimes written sodium laurilsulfate, is an organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)11OSO3Na.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products.
This compound is the sodium salt of the 12-carbon an organosulfate.
Sodium dodecyl sulfates hydrocarbon tail combined with a polar "headgroup" give the compound amphiphilic properties and so make it useful as a detergent.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is also component of mixtures produced from inexpensive coconut and palm oils.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a common component of many domestic cleaning, personal hygiene and cosmetic, pharmaceutical,
and food products, as well as of industrial and commercial cleaning and product formulations.

Physicochemical properties
The critical micelle concentration (CMC) in water at 25 °C is 8.2 mM, and the aggregation number at this concentration is usually considered to be about 62.
The micelle ionization fraction (α) is around 0.3 (or 30%).

Applications
Cleaning and hygiene
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is mainly used in detergents for laundry with many cleaning applications.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a highly effective surfactant and is used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues. For example, it is found in higher concentrations with industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car exterior cleaners.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a component in hand soap, toothpastes, shampoos, shaving creams, and bubble bath formulations, for its ability to create a foam (lather), for its surfactant properties, and in part for its thickening effect.

Food additive
Sodium dodecyl sulfate, appearing as its synonym Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SLS), is considered a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) ingredient for food use according to the USFDA (21 CFR 172.822).


Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as an emulsifying agent and whipping aid.
As an emulsifier in or with egg whites the United States Code of Federal Regulations require that it must not exceed 1,000 parts per million (0.1%) in egg white solids or 125 parts per million (0.0125%) in frozen or liquid egg whites and as a whipping agent for the preparation of marshmallows it must not exceed 0.5% of the weight of gelatine.
SLS is reported to temporarily diminish perception of sweetness.

Laboratory applications
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in cleaning procedures, and is commonly used as a component for lysing cells during RNA extraction and/or DNA extraction, and for denaturing proteins in preparation for electrophoresis in the Sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE technique.


Denaturation of a protein using Sodium dodecyl sulfate
In the case of Sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE, the compound works by disrupting non-covalent bonds in the proteins, and so denaturing them, i.e. causing the protein molecules to lose their native conformations and shapes.

By binding to proteins at a ratio of one Sodium dodecyl sulfate molecule per 2 amino acid residues, the negatively charged detergent provides all proteins with a similar net negative charge and therefore a similar charge-to-mass ratio.
In this way, the difference in mobility of the polypeptide chains in the gel can be attributed solely to their length as opposed to both their native charge and shape.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is possible to make separation based on the size of the polypeptide chain to simplify the analysis of protein molecules, this can be achieved by denaturing proteins with the detergent Sodium dodecyl sulfate.

Pharma applications
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a widely used in the pharmaceutical field as an ionic solubilizer and emulsifier that is suitable for applications in liquid dispersions, solutions, emulsions and micro emulsions, tablets, foams and semi-solids such as creams, lotions and gels.

Additionally, SLS aids in tablet wettability, as well as lubrication during manufacturing. Brand names of pharma-grade SLS include Kolliphor SLS and Kolliphor SLS Fine.

Miscellaneous applications
SLS is used in an improved technique for preparing brain tissues for study by optical microscopy.
The technique, which has been branded as CLARSodium dodecyl sulfate, was the work of Karl Deisseroth and coworkers at Stanford University, and involves infusion of the organ with an acrylamide solution to bind the macromolecules of the organ (proteins, nucleic acids, etc.), followed by thermal polymerization to form a "brain–hydrogel" (a mesh interspersed throughout the tissue to fix the macromolecules and other structures in space), and then by lipid removal using Sodium dodecyl sulfate to eliminate light scattering with minimal protein loss, rendering the tissue quasi-transparent.

Along with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and Triton X-100, aqueous solutions of Sodium dodecyl sulfate are popular for dispersing or suspending nanotubes, such as carbon nanotubes.

Niche uses
SLS has been proposed as a potentially effective topical microbicide, for intravaginal use, to inhibit and possibly prevent infection by various enveloped and non-enveloped viruses such as the herpes simplex viruses, HIV, and the Semliki Forest virus.

Liquid membranes formed from Sodium dodecyl sulfate in water have been demonstrated to work as unusual particle separators.
The device acts as a reverse filter, allowing large particles to pass while capturing smaller particles.

Production
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is synthesized by treating lauryl alcohol with sulfur trioxide, oleum, or chlorosulfuric acid to produce hydrogen lauryl sulfate.
Lauryl alcohol can be used in pure form or as a mixtures of fatty alcohols.

When produced from these sources, "Sodium dodecyl sulfate" products are a mixture of various sodium alkyl sulfates with Sodium dodecyl sulfate being the main component.
For instance, Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a component, along with other chain-length amphiphiles, when produced from coconut oil, and is known as sodium coco sulfate (SCS).

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is available commercially in powder, pellet, and other forms (each differing in rates of dissolution), as well as in aqueous solutions of varying concentrations.

Safety
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is not carcinogenic.
Like all detergents, Sodium dodecyl sulfate removes oils from the skin, and can cause skin and eye irritation.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate has been shown to irritate the skin of the face, with prolonged and constant exposure (more than an hour) in young adults.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate may worsen skin problems in individuals with chronic skin hypersensitivity, with some people being affected more than others.

Oral concerns
The low cost of Sodium dodecyl sulfate, its lack of impact on taste, its potential impact on volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), which contribute to malodorous breath, and its desirable action as a foaming agent have led to the use of Sodium dodecyl sulfate in the formulations of toothpastes.

A series of small crossover studies (25–34 patients) have supported the efficacy of SLS in the reduction of VSCs, and its related positive impact on breath malodor, although these studies have been generally noted to reflect technical challenges in the control of study design variables.

While primary sources from the group of Irma Rantanen at University of Turku, Finland conclude an impact on dry mouth (xerostomia) from SLS-containing pastes, a 2011 Cochrane review of these studies, and of the more general area, concludes that there "is no strong evidence… that any topical therapy is effective for relieving the symptom of dry mouth".

A safety concern has been raised on the basis of several studies regarding the effect of toothpaste Sodium dodecyl sulfate on aphthous ulcers, commonly referred to as canker or white sores.
A consensus regarding practice (or change in practice) has not appeared as a result of the studies.

As Lippert notes, of 2013, "very few… marketed toothpastes contain a surfactant other than Sodium dodecyl sulfate," and leading manufacturers continue to formulate their produce with Sodium dodecyl sulfate.

Appearance: White or cream-colored crystals, flakes, or powder
Odor: Faint odor of fatty substances
Density: 1.01 g/cm3
Melting point: 206 °c
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 12
Exact Mass: 288.13712473
Monoisotopic Mass: 288.13712473
Topological Polar Surface Area: 74.8 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 18
Complexity: 249
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

About Sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Consumer Uses of Sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, coating products, plant protection products, adhesives and sealants, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, air care products, polishes and waxes and cosmetics and personal care products.

Other release to the environment of Sodium dodecyl sulfate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).

Article service life of Sodium dodecyl sulfate
Other release to the environment of Sodium dodecyl sulfate is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials). Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles and machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines). Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones) and paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper).

Widespread uses by professional workers
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, plant protection products and polymers.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the following areas: building & construction work and agriculture, forestry and fishing.

Other release to the environment of Sodium dodecyl sulfate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Formulation or re-packing of Sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, washing & cleaning products, air care products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, polishes and waxes and polymers.
Release to the environment of Sodium dodecyl sulfate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.

Uses of Sodium dodecyl sulfate at industrial sites
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the following products: polymers, laboratory chemicals, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), metal surface treatment products, pH regulators and water treatment products and washing & cleaning products.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in the following areas: building & construction work.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used for the manufacture of: plastic products, chemicals and rubber products.

Release to the environment of Sodium dodecyl sulfate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid and for thermoplastic manufacture.

Other release to the environment of Sodium dodecyl sulfate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant naturally derived from coconut and/or palm kernel oil.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate usually consists of a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions and is used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, and detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is also used in creams and pastes to properly disperse the ingredients and as research tool in protein biochemistry. SLS also has some microbicidal activity.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as a surfactant in shampoos and toothpastes.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate also has microbicidal activities against both enveloped (Herpes simplex viruses, HIV-1, Semliki Forest virus) and nonenveloped (papillomaviruses, reovirus, rotavirus and poliovirus) viruses, although it has not been approved for this use.

Like other surfactants, Sodium dodecyl sulfate is amphiphilic.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate thus migrates to the surface of liquids, where its alignment and aggregation with other Sodium dodecyl sulfate molecules lowers the surface tension. This allows for easier spreading and mixing of the liquid.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate has potent protein denaturing activity and inhibits the infectivity of viruses by by solubilizing the viral envelope and/or by denaturing envelope and/or capsid proteins.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is an organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate. Sodium dodecyl sulfate has a role as a detergent and a protein denaturant.

Dodecyl sulfate, [sodium salt] appears as white to pale yellow paste or liquid with a mild odor.
Sinks and mixes with water. (USCG, 1999)

An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.

Features of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (Lauryl):
Popular anionic detergent for a variety of protein methods Especially useful for denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)
Common component of cell lysis buffers

This lauryl-grade sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is a popular anionic detergent for routine protein electrophoresis and cell lysis methods. The formulation is a mixture of several different alkyl sulfate chain lengths (C10 to C18).

Sodium dodecyl sulfate (sodium lauryl sulfate) also called SDS (= sodium dodecyl sulfate), is an anionic surfactant that is used as a detergent, eg. in detergents or toothpaste.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is also used as a denaturant for proteins, and is mainly used in biochemistry and biotechnology.
The effect on proteins is based on breaking non-covalent bonds of the proteins and thus destroying their quaternary and tertiary structure.

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) is an anionic detergent that denatures secondary and nondisulfide-linked tertiary protein structure, shattering the native shape.
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate provides a negative charge to each protein as a function of their size.

Accordingly, all of proteins have the same shape in the gel separation they are separated only for their size. Furthermore, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate can be used to aid in lysing cell during DNA extraction.

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate is what’s known as a “surfactant”.
This means it lowers the surface tension between ingredients, which is why it’s used as a cleansing and foaming agent.

Most concerns about Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate stem from the fact that it can be found in beauty and self-care products as well as in household cleaners.

Grooming products, such as shaving cream, lip balm, hand sanitizer, nail treatments, makeup remover, foundation, facial cleansers, exfoliants, and liquid hand soap

Hair products, such as shampoo, conditioner, hair dye, dandruff treatment, and styling gel

Dental care products, such as toothpaste, teeth whitening products, and mouthwash

Bath products, such as bath oils or salts, body wash, and bubble bath

Creams and lotions, such as hand cream, masks, anti-itch creams, hair-removal products, and sunscreen

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) is a surfactant, which basically means it has an effect on the surfaces it touches. It’s used in a variety of products such as food thickeners, toothpaste, and floor cleaners.

Uses of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
All the soaps and cleaning products that you use are a mix of water and oil.
But they don’t mix together on their own.

Instead, surfactants bring them together.
Soap's cleaning power comes from the bonded oil and water molecules rubbing against dirt and grease.

That is why so many products have surfactants in them.
They blend the ingredients that make cleaning happen.‌

Sodium lauryl sulfate is very easy and inexpensive to make, and it works well in many situations. You'll see it listed as an ingredient in common products found in the home and in the workplace. ‌

Personal Products. These include things like:

Body wash
Hand soap
Facial cleaner
Bubble bath
Toothpaste
Shampoo

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate is also a foaming agent.
Many of these products use Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate to give a foaming action during the cleaning process.
If you have a foaming face wash or are working up a good lather with your shampoo, you're probably using something with SLS.‌

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate’s ability to break down oil and grease lends itself well to industrial products.
You can find it in household cleaning products as well as engine cleaners and industrial-strength soaps. ‌

You may see Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate used in certain foods you eat, within limits approved by the FDA.
As a food additive, SLS can make marshmallows fluffier and dried egg products lighter.
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate helps mix citrus and other acidic liquids with water to make fruit drinks.

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS), also known as Sodium lauryl sulfate, is a widely used surfactant in cleaning products, cosmetics, and personal care products.
The sodiumclauryl sulfate formula is a highly effective anionic surfactant used to remove oily stains and residues.

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate is found in high concentrations in industrial products, including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash products, where workplace protections can be implemented to avoid unsafe exposures.
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate is also used in lower concentrations in household and personal care products such as cleaning products, toothpastes, shampoos, and shaving foams.

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate has been an ingredient in shampoos since the 1930s.
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate works as a surfactant, trapping oil and dirt in hair so it can rinse away with water.

Personal Care Products
An effective foaming agent, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate can help create a rich lather in products like body and hand wash, facial cleansers and bubble.
Likewise, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate helps create the foaming action in toothpaste and also helps remove food particles from teeth.

Cleaning Products
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate is an effective surfactant used in household cleaning products to help remove oily stains and residues, such as food stains in carpets.
Because of its ability to break down oil and grease, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate also is an ingredient in many industrial cleaning products, such as engine degreasers and industrial strength detergents.

Food Additive
As a food additive, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate is used as an emulsifier or thickener.
For example, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate helps make marshmallows and dried egg products light and fluffy.
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate also helps acids mix better with liquids, for example in fruit juices and punches.

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate is frequently used as a surfactant, or foaming agent.
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate may also serve as an emulsifier, helping oil based and water based ingredients to stay mixed.
In many of our toothpastes SLS is used as a surfactant and helps to properly disperse the ingredients during brushing, and ensures easy rinsing and removal of debris (i.e. food particles).

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate may be derived from either petroleum based or vegetable based sources.
The oils can be split into glycerin and the component fatty acids, one of which is lauric acid.
The lauric acid is isolated and then hydrogenated to form the lauryl alcohol.

Alternately, the whole oil can be esterified and then hydrogenated to form the fatty alcohols of which lauryl alcohol would be isolated by fractionation.
The lauryl alcohol is then combined with sulfur which then forms the salt, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate.

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate is a cleansing agent known for being too good at the job and potentially irritating the skin.
But, on the positive side, it can produce copious, creamy and luxurious foam compared to the more gentle and thus nowadays much more commonly used Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate.

In fact, SLS is so good at irritating the skin that it is very commonly used in dermatological studies just for that. It is a so-called "primary irritant", a substance that irritates the skin in one go (without prior sensitization) but doesn't do any other big harm (such as being carcinogenic or systematically toxic - those claims are not true).
Also, the formula can greatly influence the irritating potential of SLS, and mixing it with other cleaning agents makes it milder.

If it's not in a cleanser, it works as an emulsifier or even as a penetration enhancer for active materials.

Synonyms:
151-21-3
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Sodium dodecylsulfate
Sodium lauryl sulphate
Sodium dodecyl sulphate
Dodecyl sodium sulfate
Neutrazyme
Sodium n-dodecyl sulfate
Irium
Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt
Dodecyl sulfate, sodium salt
Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt
Anticerumen
Duponal
Duponol
Gardinol
Dreft
Aquarex methyl
Duponol methyl
Solsol needles
Stepanol methyl
Duponol waqa
Stepanol wac
Stepanol waq
Duponol qx
Richonol af
Perlandrol L
Perlankrol L
Sipex sb
Sipex sd
Standapol wa-ac
Stepanol me dry
Duponol Me
Richonol A
Richonol C
Sintapon L
Duponol C
Maprofix LK
Standapol WAQ
Stepanol ME
Stepanol WA
Akyposal SDS
Carsonol SLS
Maprobix NEU
Maprofix NEU
Maprofix WAC
Aquarex ME
Dupanol WAQ
Duponol QC
Duponol WA
Duponol WA dry
Duponol WAQ
Empicol LPZ
Hexamol SLS
Melanol CL
Duponal WAQE
Duponol WAQE
Duponol WAQM
Lanette Wax-S
Sterling wa paste
Conco sulfate WA
Conco sulfate WN
Nikkol SLS
Orvus WA Paste
Sipex OP
Sipex SP
Sipex UB
Sipon LS
Sipon PD
Sipon WD
Detergent 66
Montopol La Paste
Sipon LSB
Maprofix WAC-LA
Sterling WAQ-CH
Cycloryl 21
Cycloryl 31
Stepanol WA Paste
Conco Sulfate WAG
Conco Sulfate WAN
Conco Sulfate WAS
Quolac EX-UB
Odoripon Al 95
Avirol 118 conc
Cycloryl 580
Cycloryl 585N
Lauryl sulfate sodium salt
Lauyl sodium sulfate
Maprofix 563
Sinnopon LS 95
Stepanol T 28
Steinapol NLS 90
Empicol LS 30
Empicol LX 28
Lauryl sodium sulfate
Melanol CL 30
NALS
Rewopol NLS 30
Standapol waq special
Standapol was 100
Sinnopon LS 100
Stepanol WA-100
Carsonol SLS Special
Standapol 112 conc
Stepanol ME Dry AW
Avirol 101
Emersal 6400
Monogen Y 100
Carsonol SLS Paste B
sodium;dodecyl sulfate
Stepanol methyl dry aw
Berol 452
Emal 10
EMAL O
Sipon LS 100
n-Dodecyl sulfate sodium
Sodium monolauryl sulfate
Monododecyl sodium sulfate
Sodiumlauryl ether sulfate
Conco sulfate WA-1200
Conco sulfate WA-1245
Dehydag sulfate GL emulsion
Product no. 75
Product no. 161
MFCD00036175
Emulsifier no. 104
CHEBI:8984
UNII-368GB5141J
P and G Emulsifier 104
Sodium lauryl sulfate ether
Sodium Laurylsulfate
Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt (1:1)
SLS
Texapon K 1296
NCI-C50191
Laurylsulfuric Acid Sodium Salt
Natriumalkyl(C8-C20)-sulfate
Dodecyl alcohol, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt
Dodecylsulfuric Acid Sodium Salt
Finasol osr2
Incronol SLS
Natriumlaurylsulfat
368GB5141J
NSC-402488
NCGC00091020-03
E487
Jordanol SL-300
Finasol osr(sub 2)
Dodecyl sulfate sodium
Monagen Y 100
Perklankrol ESD 60
Caswell No. 779
Natrium laurylsulfuricum
DSSTox_CID_6031
DSSTox_RID_77989
Sodium monododecyl sulfate
DSSTox_GSID_26031
12738-53-3
12765-21-8
1334-67-4
Laurylsiran sodny [Czech]
Lauryl sulfate, sodium salt
Dehydrag sulfate gl emulsion
Dehydag sulphate GL emulsion
Laurylsiran sodny
Rhodapon UB
Sodium lauryl sulfate 30%
sodiumdodecylsulfate
CAS-151-21-3
CCRIS 6272
Lauryl sulfate sodium
HSDB 1315
Sodium lauryl sulfate, dental grade
EINECS 205-788-1
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079011
NSC 402488
CP 75424
Empicol
AI3-00356
Sodium lauryl sulfate [JAN:NF]
sodiumlauryl sulfate
Sodium laurilsulfate
sodium dodecylsulphate
Sodium dedecyl sulfate
Sodium-dodecyl-S-SDS
IPC-SDS
sodium n-dodecyl sulphate
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate NF
lauryl sulphate sodium salt
EC 205-788-1
dodecyl sulphate sodium salt
SCHEMBL1102
C12H25NaO4S
sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)
CHEMBL23393
Sodium dodecyl sulfate, 99%
sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds)
sodium 2-dodecoxyethyl sulfate
Sodium dodecyl sulphate solution
DTXSID1026031
dodecyl sulfuric acid sodium salt
Dodecyl sulphuric acid sodium salt
Sodium lauryl sulfate (JP17/NF)
BCP30594
CS-B1770
Tox21_111059
Tox21_201614
Tox21_300149
BDBM50530482
AKOS015897278
AKOS025147308
Tox21_111059_1
DB00815
Dodecyl sulfuric acid ester sodium salt
NCGC00091020-01
NCGC00091020-02
NCGC00254225-01
NCGC00259163-01
NCGC00274082-01
AS-14730
M361
Lauryl Sulfate, Sodium Salt (25% Aq.)
D1403
FT-0603358
FT-0700721
I0352
S0588
D01045
F16341
S-4600
S-4601
Sodium dodecyl sulfate, 10% solution in water
SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE BIOTECH GRD 100G
Q422241
Sodium n-dodecyl sulfate, 98%, for electrophoresis
Sodium n-dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 20% aqueous solution
F0001-0539
Z169572898
SODIUM DODECYLBENZENE SULFONATE
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate or sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sometimes written sodium laurilsulfate, is an organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)11OSO3Na and structure H3C−(CH2)11−O−S(=O)2−O−Na+.
Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is an ionic surfactant.
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is a yellow oil, which can form a hexagonal or rhombic strong flake-like crystal.

CAS Number: 69669-44-9
Molecular Formula: C18H29NaO3S
Molecular Weight: 348.48
EINECS Number: 274-070-8

Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) acts as a surfactant in the ionic self-assembly reaction of cyclophane BIMCP-1.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is the sodium salt of the 12-carbon organosulfate.

Its hydrocarbon tail combined with a polar "headgroup" give the compound amphiphilic properties that make it useful as a detergent.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is also component of mixtures produced from inexpensive coconut and palm oils.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a common component of many domestic cleaning, personal hygiene and cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food products, as well as of industrial and commercial cleaning and product formulations.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate has micro toxicity and has been recognized by the international security organization as a safe chemical raw material.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used to clean fruit and tableware.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is used in detergent has a branched chain structure (ABS) and linear structure (LAS).

The branched chain structure has small biodegradability. SDBS can cause environmental pollution.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is an active ingredient cleaning agent, or "surfactant," that is one of a group of ingredients commonly used in bath products, cleansing products, shampoos and hair conditioners.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate, often abbreviated as SDBS or SLS, is a synthetic organic compound.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is classified as an anionic surfactant, which means it has surface-active properties and can lower the surface tension of liquids.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is commonly used in various industrial and household applications due to its surfactant properties.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate, commonly referred to as SDS, is a versatile anionic surfactant utilized in various laboratory and industrial settings.

This water-soluble compound is both biodegradable and non-toxic, offering a broad range of applications across fields like biochemistry, nanotechnology, and medical research.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonates functions extend to emulsification, detergency, and cleaning purposes.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate holds significant importance in scientific research, particularly in the realm of biochemistry.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonates role as an anionic surfactant aids in the solubilization of proteins, lipids, and other macromolecules.
Moreover, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate finds application in gel electrophoresis for the separation of proteins and macromolecules based on size.
Additionally, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate plays a crucial part in DNA sample preparation for sequencing and nanoparticle production.

As an anionic surfactant, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate reduces the surface tension of aqueous solutions, enabling the solubilization of proteins, lipids, and other macromolecules.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate also interacts with proteins and macromolecules, modifying their shape and enhancing solubility.
While SDS is generally regarded as non-toxic and biodegradable, it can exhibit biochemical and physiological effects such as increased cell membrane permeability and alterations in protein structure and function.

Furthermore, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate has been observed to inhibit the growth of certain bacteria, fungi, and viruses, as well as disrupt the metabolism of specific organisms.
The linear structure is easier biodegradation more than 90%.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate brings little influence to the environment.

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate has a significant effect on the granular fouling, protein fouling, and oil fouling.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is better to clean granular fouling on natural fibers.
The detergency of SDBS is enhanced with the increase of temperature.

The effect on protein fouling is better than that of the non-ionic surfactant.
However, there are two disadvantages of Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonates, one is poor hard water tolerance and the detergency can be reduced with the hardness of the water.
Therefore, the detergent must be used with the appropriate chelating mixture.

Second, the decreasing ability is too strong.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is irritant to the skin when washing by hand.
In recent years, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is often used with nonionic surfactants such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO) for better washing effect.

The main purpose of Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is to make a variety detergent.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a kind of yellow oily, micro-toxicity.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is neutral, more sensitive to water hardness, and not easy to oxidation.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate has strong foaming ability and detergency and is easy to compound with various additives.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Powder is highly biodegradable, low toxic, non-harmful to skin and fabric, and has a high detergent power and foaming capacity.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can protect both the environment and our health, meanwhile remove soil easily.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Powder has a compound formulation combining a unique functional surfactant and a softening agent, the component substitutes the traditionally used sodium alkybenzene sulfonate, thus eliminating the impact of benzene in sodium alkybenzene sulfonate.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a high-content anionic surfactant with detergency, moistening, foaming, emulsifying, and dispersing properties.

The biological degradability of Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is more than 90%. International security organizations have recognized it as a safe chemical.
The critical micelle concentration (CMC) in water at 25 °C is 8.2 mM, and the aggregation number at this concentration is usually considered to be about 62.
The micelle ionization fraction (α) is around 0.3 (or 30%).

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is mainly used in detergents for laundry with many cleaning applications.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a highly effective surfactant and is used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues.
For example, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is found in higher concentrations with industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car exterior cleaners.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a component in hand soap, toothpastes, shampoos, shaving creams, and bubble bath formulations, for its ability to create a foam (lather), for its surfactant properties, and in part for its thickening effect.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate, appearing as its synonym sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), is considered a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) ingredient for food use according to the USFDA.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is used as an emulsifying agent and whipping aid.

As an emulsifier in or with egg whites the United States Code of Federal Regulations require that it must not exceed 1,000 parts per million (0.1%) in egg white solids or 125 parts per million (0.0125%) in frozen or liquid egg whites and as a whipping agent for the preparation of marshmallows it must not exceed 0.5% of the weight of gelatine.[
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is reported to temporarily diminish perception of sweetness.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is synthesized by treating lauryl alcohol with sulfur trioxide, oleum, or chlorosulfuric acid to produce hydrogen lauryl sulfate.

Lauryl alcohol can be used in pure form or as a mixtures of fatty alcohols. When produced from these sources, "Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate" products are a mixture of various sodium alkyl sulfates with SDS being the main component.
For instance, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a component, along with other chain-length amphiphiles, when produced from coconut oil, and is known as sodium coco sulfate (SCS).
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is available commercially in powder, pellet, and other forms (each differing in rates of dissolution), as well as in aqueous solutions of varying concentrations.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate, white or light yellow powder or flake solid.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is difficult to volatilize, but it easy to dissolve in water and become a subtransparent solution.
For alkali, dilute acid, it has stable hard water properties.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is micro toxicity.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is commonly used as an anionic surfactant.
According to the physicochemical property, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate has three main functions.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a kind of yellow oily, micro-toxicity.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is neutral, more sensitive to water hardness, and not easy to oxidation.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate has a strong foaming ability and detergency and is easy to compound with various additives.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a high-content anionic surfactant with properties of detergency, moistening, foaming, emulsifying, and dispersity.
The biological degradability of Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate surfactant is more than 90%.
International security organizations have recognized it as a safe chemical.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate has a hydrophobic (water-repellent) tail composed of a dodecyl (12-carbon) alkyl chain attached to a hydrophilic (water-attracting) sulfonate (SO3-) group.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can reduce the surface tension of water and other liquids.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can help solubilize nonpolar substances in aqueous solutions and improve the wetting, dispersing, and emulsifying properties of formulations.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a common ingredient in detergents, including laundry detergents, dishwashing detergents, and industrial cleaners.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonates ability to remove dirt, grease, and oil makes it effective for cleaning.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is used to stabilize emulsions, which are mixtures of immiscible liquids, such as oil and water.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can help prevent the separation of these components in products like salad dressings and mayonnaise.

Form: powder
Color: light yellow
Water Solubility: almost transparency
Merck: 14,8612
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB): 11.7

The chemical formula of Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is C18H29NaO3S and its molecular weight is 384.48.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a white or yellowish powder and is soluble in water.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is neutral, sensitive to the hardness of water, not easy to oxidation, strong foaming ability, high decontamination power, easy to mix various auxiliaries, low production cost and mature synthesis process.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate has been recognized as a safe chemical raw material by international safety organizations and is an anionic surfactant.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a common ingredient in toothpastes due to its low cost, its lack of impact on taste, and its desirable action as a foaming agent.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate may reduce the amount of bad breath-causing volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in the mouth.

A series of small crossover studies (25–34 patients) have supported the efficacy of SLS in the reduction of VSCs, and its related positive impact on breath malodor, although these studies have been generally noted to reflect technical challenges in the control of study design variables.
The emulsifier is a kind of substance that improves the surface tension between various components in the emulsion and forms a stable dispersion system or emulsion.
There are hydrophilic groups and lipophilic groups in its molecule.

And they gathered on the oil/water boundary.
They also can reduce the interfacial tension and reduce the energy required to form the emulsion, so as to improve the energy of the emulsion.
As a kind of anionic surfactant, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate has good surface activity and strong hydrophilicity.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate effectively reduces the tension of oil and water surface to emulsification.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate sulfonate has been widely used in the preparation of cosmetics, food, printing and dyeing auxiliaries and pesticides.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is often added to products like shampoos, hand soaps, and bath products as a foaming agent.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate creates a rich lather when mixed with water, enhancing the cleaning and spreading properties of these products.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used for cleaning equipment, degreasing surfaces, and aiding in the formulation of various chemicals and formulations.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is sometimes used in the petroleum industry to improve the recovery of oil from reservoirs through enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used in textile processing to assist in dyeing and printing operations.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate may be used in pesticide formulations to improve the spreading and wetting of pesticides on plant surfaces.
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is used in research laboratories for various purposes, including protein solubilization and as a component of buffer solutions.

Uses
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be described as an anionic frother with a structure that is composed of an aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic radical.
In spite of the fact that these frothers have good frothing properties, their application was limited, likely because most Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate frothers contain traces of sulfur, which interfere with flotation.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is used in cleaning procedures, and is commonly used as a component for lysing cells during RNA extraction and/or DNA extraction, and for denaturing proteins in preparation for electrophoresis in the SDS-PAGE technique.

In the case of Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate-PAGE, the compound works by disrupting non-covalent bonds in the proteins, and so denaturing them, i.e. causing the protein molecules to lose their native conformations and shapes.
By binding to proteins at a ratio of one SDS molecule per 2 amino acid residues, the negatively charged detergent provides all proteins with a similar net negative charge and therefore a similar charge-to-mass ratio.
In this way, the difference in mobility of the polypeptide chains in the gel can be attributed solely to their length as opposed to both their native charge and shape.[

This separation based on the size of the polypeptide chain simplifies the analysis of protein molecules.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate has been used to stabilize dispersions of graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) during the preparation of the liquid phase of GNFs.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can also suspend single-walled carbon nanotubes as individuals in aqueous media and also give well-resolved spectral features.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate was used to fabricate amperometic biosensors for glucose.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a widely used in the pharmaceutical field as an ionic solubilizer and emulsifier that is suitable for applications in liquid dispersions, solutions, emulsions and micro emulsions, tablets, foams and semi-solids such as creams, lotions and gels.
Additionally, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate aids in tablet wettability, as well as lubrication during manufacturing. Brand names of pharma-grade SLS include Kolliphor Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate and Kolliphor Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Fine.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is used in an improved technique for preparing brain tissues for study by optical microscopy.
The technique, which has been branded as CLARITY, was the work of Karl Deisseroth and coworkers at Stanford University, and involves infusion of the organ with an acrylamide solution to bind the macromolecules of the organ (proteins, nucleic acids, etc.), followed by thermal polymerization to form a "brain–hydrogel" (a mesh interspersed throughout the tissue to fix the macromolecules and other structures in space), and then by lipid removal using Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate to eliminate light scattering with minimal protein loss, rendering the tissue quasi-transparent.

Along with Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate and Triton X-100, aqueous solutions of SDS are popular for dispersing or suspending nanotubes, such as carbon nanotubes.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate has been proposed as a potentially effective topical microbicide, for intravaginal use, to inhibit and possibly prevent infection by various enveloped and non-enveloped viruses such as the herpes simplex viruses, HIV, and the Semliki Forest virus.
Liquid membranes formed from Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate in water have been demonstrated to work as unusual particle separators.

The device acts as a reverse filter, allowing large particles to pass while capturing smaller particles.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate has been used to stabilize dispersions of graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) during the preparation of the liquid phase of GNFs.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can also suspend single-walled carbon nanotubes as individuals in aqueous media and also give well-resolved spectral features.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate was used to fabricate amperometic biosensors for glucose.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used as an efficient emulsifying agent for polymerizing pressure-sensitive adhesive. Dosage: 0.1~0.5%.
As the main content of high-class detergent and cleaner, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can blench, remove stains and oil and resist static electricity.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used as an antistatic additive with a cleaning function for textile oil.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be an efficient antistatic agent for polyester substrate and film base, especially for polyester base cinefilm and filmstrip.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be the antistatic agent for polyolefine, polyester, and other polymer materials.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used as the anti-hygroscopic and anticaking additives for powdered chemical products that easily absorb moisture and agglomerate, such as methenamine, carbamide, and ammonium nitrate.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate products are widely used.
In addition to the above several functions, SDBS also can be used as a cotton fabric refining agent and desizing agent in textile.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used as an efficient emulsifying agent for polymerizing pressure-sensitive adhesive.
As the main content of high-class detergent and cleaner, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can blench, remove stains and oil and resist static electricity.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used as an antistatic additive with a cleaning function for textile oil.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used as an efficient antistatic agent for polyester substrate and film base, especially for polyester base cinefilm and filmstrip.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used as the antistatic agent for polyolefine, polyester, and other polymer materials.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used as the anti-hygroscopic and anticaking additives for powdered chemical products that are easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate, such as methenamine, carbamide, and ammonium nitrate.

Adding 0.3∼0.5% of Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can increase crystalline particles, resist moisture and remove static electricity so as to prevent caking.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a kind of efficient additive that can improve the quality of organic and inorganic chemical products that are easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used as a good degreasing for quality leathers.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is used as resin dispersant, felt detergent and deinking agent in the papermaking industry.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is used as an osmotic degreaser in the leather industry.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is used as an anti-blocking agent in the fertilizer industry.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is used in the cement industry as a gassing agent, or used separately or in conjunction with components.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is widely used in the production of various detergents and emulsifiers, and can be properly used in cosmetics such as shampoo, foam bath, etc.; it can also be used as cleaning agent in textile industry, dyeing assistant, degreasing agent in electroplating industry; deinking agent in paper industry also needs to add a certain amount of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.
In addition, linear Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is very stable to oxidizer and soluble in water, so it is very suitable for washing powder with oxidizing bleach.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is a common ingredient in household and industrial cleaning products, including laundry detergents, dishwashing detergents, all-purpose cleaners, and degreasers.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate helps remove dirt, grease, and stains from surfaces.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is used in various personal care items such as shampoos, body washes, hand soaps, and bath products.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate functions as a foaming agent, creating a rich lather for cleansing and spreading.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is employed as an emulsifying agent in the food industry, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate helps stabilize and homogenize emulsions, such as salad dressings, mayonnaise, creams, and lotions.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used in enhanced oil recovery processes.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate helps reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water, improving the displacement of oil from reservoirs.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is used in textile manufacturing to aid in dyeing and printing processes.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate helps disperse dyes and improve their adherence to fabric fibers.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is sometimes added to pesticide formulations to enhance the spreading and wetting properties of the pesticide on plant surfaces, ensuring better coverage.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate in various experiments and applications, including protein solubilization, buffer preparation, and as a surfactant in analytical chemistry techniques.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be found in various industrial processes, such as metal cleaning, degreasing, and as a component in the formulation of chemicals and formulations.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonatemay be used in water treatment processes to help disperse and remove contaminants from water.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is used in the production of firefighting foam concentrates to create stable and effective foams for extinguishing flammable liquid fires.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate may be used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants to improve wetting and bonding properties.
In the plastics industry, Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can be used as a dispersant and surfactant in the processing of polymer resins.

Safety Profile:
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is not carcinogenic in low concentrations according to some like all detergents, sodium lauryl sulfate removes oils from the skin, and can cause skin and eye irritation.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate has been shown to irritate the skin of the face, with prolonged and constant exposure (more than an hour) in young adults.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate may worsen skin problems in individuals with chronic skin hypersensitivity, with some people being affected more than others.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can cause skin and eye irritation upon direct contact.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate is important to wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and safety goggles, to prevent skin and eye exposure.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate dust or aerosols can lead to respiratory irritation.

Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate can result in gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, and other digestive discomfort.
Avoid ingestion, and keep the chemical out of reach of children.
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate may have environmental effects if not handled and disposed of properly.

Synonyms
69669-44-9
sodium;4-dodecan-3-ylbenzenesulfonate
2212-50-2
NCGC00164362-01
DSSTox_CID_5219
DSSTox_RID_77705
DSSTox_GSID_25219
85117-50-6
90194-45-9
Benzenesulfonic acid, 4-(1-ethyldecyl)-, sodium salt
CHEMBL1720065
CAS-25155-30-0
DSSTox_RID_78822
DSSTox_GSID_29806
SCHEMBL4443370
DTXSID1058711
Tox21_112106
Tox21_200193
Tox21_201718
Tox21_300506
NCGC00254300-01
NCGC00257747-01
NCGC00259267-01
CAS-69669-44-9
Benzenesulfonic acid, 4-(1-ethyldecyl)-, sodium salt (1:1)

SODIUM DODECYLBENZENESULFONATE
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a white to light yellow flakes, granules or powder.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a series of organic compounds with the formula C12H25C6H4SO3Na.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is classified as an anionic surfactant, which means it has surface-active properties and can lower the surface tension of liquids.

CAS Number: 25155-30-0
Molecular Formula: C18H29NaO3S
Molecular Weight: 348.48
EINECS Number: 246-680-4

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is usually produced as a mixture of related sulfonates.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a major component of laundry detergent.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is soluble in water.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate acts as a surfactant in the ionic self-assembly reaction of cyclophane BIMCP-1.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is the sodium salt of the 12-carbon organosulfate.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is hydrocarbon tail combined with a polar "headgroup" give the compound amphiphilic properties that make it useful as a detergent.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is also component of mixtures produced from inexpensive coconut and palm oils.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a common component of many domestic cleaning, personal hygiene and cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food products, as well as of industrial and commercial cleaning and product formulations.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate has micro toxicity and has been recognized by the international security organization as a safe chemical raw material.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be used to clean fruit and tableware.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used in detergent has a branched chain structure (ABS) and linear structure (LAS).

The branched chain structure has small biodegradability.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is an active ingredient cleaning agent, or "surfactant," that is one of a group of ingredients commonly used in bath products, cleansing products, shampoos and hair conditioners.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate, often abbreviated as SDBS or SLS, is a synthetic organic compound.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is commonly used in various industrial and household applications due to its surfactant properties.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a colourless salt with useful properties as a surfactant.

This water-soluble compound is both biodegradable and non-toxic, offering a broad range of applications across fields like biochemistry, nanotechnology, and medical research.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonates functions extend to emulsification, detergency, and cleaning purposes.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate holds significant importance in scientific research, particularly in the realm of biochemistry.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonates role as an anionic surfactant aids in the solubilization of proteins, lipids, and other macromolecules.
Moreover, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate finds application in gel electrophoresis for the separation of proteins and macromolecules based on size.
Additionally, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate plays a crucial part in DNA sample preparation for sequencing and nanoparticle production.

As an anionic surfactant, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate reduces the surface tension of aqueous solutions, enabling the solubilization of proteins, lipids, and other macromolecules.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate also interacts with proteins and macromolecules, modifying their shape and enhancing solubility.

While Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is generally regarded as non-toxic and biodegradable, it can exhibit biochemical and physiological effects such as increased cell membrane permeability and alterations in protein structure and function.
Furthermore, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate has been observed to inhibit the growth of certain bacteria, fungi, and viruses, as well as disrupt the metabolism of specific organisms.
The linear structure is easier biodegradation more than 90%.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate brings little influence to the environment.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate, commonly referred to as SDS, is a versatile anionic surfactant utilized in various laboratory and industrial settings.
The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.

Sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate is used as a synthetic detergent.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a high-content anionic surfactant with properties of detergency, moistening, foaming, emulsifying, and dispersity.
The biological degradability of Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate surfactant is more than 90%.

International security organizations have recognized it as a safe chemical.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate has a hydrophobic (water-repellent) tail composed of a dodecyl (12-carbon) alkyl chain attached to a hydrophilic (water-attracting) sulfonate (SO3-) group.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can reduce the surface tension of water and other liquids.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can help solubilize nonpolar substances in aqueous solutions and improve the wetting, dispersing, and emulsifying properties of formulations.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a common ingredient in detergents, including laundry detergents, dishwashing detergents, and industrial cleaners.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonates ability to remove dirt, grease, and oil makes it effective for cleaning.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used to stabilize emulsions, which are mixtures of immiscible liquids, such as oil and water.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can help prevent the separation of these components in products like salad dressings and mayonnaise.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate or sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sometimes written sodium laurilsulfate, is an organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)11OSO3Na and structure H3C−(CH2)11−O−S(=O)2−O−Na+.

Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is an ionic surfactant.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate has a significant effect on the granular fouling, protein fouling, and oil fouling.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is better to clean granular fouling on natural fibers.

The detergency of SDBS is enhanced with the increase of temperature.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a yellow oil, which can form a hexagonal or rhombic strong flake-like crystal.
The effect on protein fouling is better than that of the non-ionic surfactant.

However, there are two disadvantages of Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonates, one is poor hard water tolerance and the detergency can be reduced with the hardness of the water.
Therefore, the detergent must be used with the appropriate chelating mixture.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is irritant to the skin when washing by hand.

In recent years, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is often used with nonionic surfactants such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO) for better washing effect.
The main purpose of Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is to make a variety detergent.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a kind of yellow oily, micro-toxicity.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is neutral, more sensitive to water hardness, and not easy to oxidation.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate has strong foaming ability and detergency and is easy to compound with various additives.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate Powder is highly biodegradable, low toxic, non-harmful to skin and fabric, and has a high detergent power and foaming capacity.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate Powder has a compound formulation combining a unique functional surfactant and a softening agent, the component substitutes the traditionally used sodium alkybenzene sulfonate, thus eliminating the impact of benzene in sodium alkybenzene sulfonate.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a high-content anionic surfactant with detergency, moistening, foaming, emulsifying, and dispersing properties.
The biological degradability of Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is more than 90%. International security organizations have recognized it as a safe chemical.

The critical micelle concentration (CMC) in water at 25 °C is 8.2 mM, and the aggregation number at this concentration is usually considered to be about 62.
The micelle ionization fraction (α) is around 0.3 (or 30%).
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is mainly used in detergents for laundry with many cleaning applications.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a highly effective surfactant and is used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues.

For example, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is found in higher concentrations with industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car exterior cleaners.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a component in hand soap, toothpastes, shampoos, shaving creams, and bubble bath formulations, for its ability to create a foam (lather), for its surfactant properties, and in part for its thickening effect.
As an emulsifier in or with egg whites the United States Code of Federal Regulations require that it must not exceed 1,000 parts per million (0.1%) in egg white solids or 125 parts per million (0.0125%) in frozen or liquid egg whites and as a whipping agent for the preparation of marshmallows it must not exceed 0.5% of the weight of gelatine.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is reported to temporarily diminish perception of sweetness.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is synthesized by treating lauryl alcohol with sulfur trioxide, oleum, or chlorosulfuric acid to produce hydrogen lauryl sulfate.
Lauryl alcohol can be used in pure form or as a mixtures of fatty alcohols. When produced from these sources, "Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate" products are a mixture of various sodium alkyl sulfates with SDS being the main component.

For instance, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a component, along with other chain-length amphiphiles, when produced from coconut oil, and is known as sodium coco sulfate (SCS).
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is available commercially in powder, pellet, and other forms (each differing in rates of dissolution), as well as in aqueous solutions of varying concentrations.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate, white or light yellow powder or flake solid.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is difficult to volatilize, but it easy to dissolve in water and become a subtransparent solution.
For alkali, dilute acid, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate has stable hard water properties.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is micro toxicity.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is commonly used as an anionic surfactant.
According to the physicochemical property, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate has three main functions.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a kind of yellow oily, micro-toxicity.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is neutral, more sensitive to water hardness, and not easy to oxidation.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate has a strong foaming ability and detergency and is easy to compound with various additives.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate, appearing as its synonym sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), is considered a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) ingredient for food use according to the USFDA.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used as an emulsifying agent and whipping aid.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can protect both the environment and our health, meanwhile remove soil easily.

Melting point: >300 °C
Boiling point: 660.62℃[at 101 325 Pa]
Density: 1.02 g/cm3
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
pka: 0.7[at 20 ℃]
form: powder
color: light yellow
Water Solubility: 800mg/L at 25℃
Merck: 14,8612
BRN: 4171051
Stability: Stable.
InChIKey: JHJUUEHSAZXEEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M
LogP: 1.96 at 25℃

Most Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonates are a member of the linear alkyl benzene sulfonates, meaning that the dodecyl group (C12H25) is un branched.
This dodecyl chain is attached at the 4- position of the benzene sulfonate group.
Linear dodecyl-4-benzene sulfonate anions can exist in six isomers (ignoring optical isomers), depending on the carbon of the dodecyl group that is attached to the benzene ring.

The isomer shown below left is 4-(5-dodecyl ) benzene sulfonate (4 indicating the position of the benzene ring, 5 indicating the position on the dodecane chain).
Branched isomers, e.g. those derived from tetramerized propylene, are also known (below right) but are not as widely used because they biodegrade too slowly.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate has been recognized as a safe chemical raw material by international safety organizations and is an anionic surfactant.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a common ingredient in toothpastes due to its low cost, its lack of impact on taste, and its desirable action as a foaming agent.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate may reduce the amount of bad breath-causing volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in the mouth.
A series of small crossover studies (25–34 patients) have supported the efficacy of SLS in the reduction of VSCs, and its related positive impact on breath malodor, although these studies have been generally noted to reflect technical challenges in the control of study design variables.

The emulsifier is a kind of substance that improves the surface tension between various components in the emulsion and forms a stable dispersion system or emulsion.
There are hydrophilic groups and lipophilic groups in its molecule.
They also can reduce the interfacial tension and reduce the energy required to form the emulsion, so as to improve the energy of the emulsion.

As a kind of anionic surfactant, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate has good surface activity and strong hydrophilicity.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate effectively reduces the tension of oil and water surface to emulsification.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate sulfonate has been widely used in the preparation of cosmetics, food, printing and dyeing auxiliaries and pesticides.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is often added to products like shampoos, hand soaps, and bath products as a foaming agent.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate creates a rich lather when mixed with water, enhancing the cleaning and spreading properties of these products.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be used for cleaning equipment, degreasing surfaces, and aiding in the formulation of various chemicals and formulations.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be used in textile processing to assist in dyeing and printing operations.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate may be used in pesticide formulations to improve the spreading and wetting of pesticides on plant surfaces.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used in research laboratories for various purposes, including protein solubilization and as a component of buffer solutions.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is sometimes used in the petroleum industry to improve the recovery of oil from reservoirs through enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques.

Production:
Trillions of kilograms are produced annually.
Given the large scale of the application, the Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonates have been prepared by many methods.
In the most common route, benzene is alkylated by long chain mono alkenes (e.g. dodecene) using hydrogen fluoride as a catalyst.

The purified dodecyl benzenes (and related derivatives) are then sulfonated with sulfur trioxide to give the sulfonic acid.
The sulfonic acid is subsequently neutralized with sodium hydroxide.

Uses:
Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate has been used to stabilize dispersions of graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) during the preparation of the liquid phase of GNFs.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be used as an antistatic additive with a cleaning function for textile oil.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be an efficient antistatic agent for polyester substrate and film base, especially for polyester base cinefilm and filmstrip.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be the antistatic agent for polyolefine, polyester, and other polymer materials.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be described as an anionic frother with a structure that is composed of an aromatic hydrocarbon and an aliphatic radical.
In spite of the fact that these frothers have good frothing properties, their application was limited, likely because most Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate frothers contain traces of sulfur, which interfere with flotation.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used in cleaning procedures, and is commonly used as a component for lysing cells during RNA extraction and/or DNA extraction, and for denaturing proteins in preparation for electrophoresis in the SDS-PAGE technique.
In the case of Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate-PAGE, the compound works by disrupting non-covalent bonds in the proteins, and so denaturing them, i.e. causing the protein molecules to lose their native conformations and shapes.

By binding to proteins at a ratio of one SDS molecule per 2 amino acid residues, the negatively charged detergent provides all proteins with a similar net negative charge and therefore a similar charge-to-mass ratio.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate was used to fabricate amperometic biosensors for glucose.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a widely used in the pharmaceutical field as an ionic solubilizer and emulsifier that is suitable for applications in liquid dispersions, solutions, emulsions and micro emulsions, tablets, foams and semi-solids such as creams, lotions and gels.

Additionally, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate aids in tablet wettability, as well as lubrication during manufacturing.
Brand names of pharma-grade SLS include Kolliphor Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate and Kolliphor Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate Fine.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used in an improved technique for preparing brain tissues for study by optical microscopy.

The technique, which has been branded as CLARITY, was the work of Karl Deisseroth and coworkers at Stanford University, and involves infusion of the organ with an acrylamide solution to bind the macromolecules of the organ (proteins, nucleic acids, etc.), followed by thermal polymerization to form a "brain–hydrogel" (a mesh interspersed throughout the tissue to fix the macromolecules and other structures in space), and then by lipid removal using Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate to eliminate light scattering with minimal protein loss, rendering the tissue quasi-transparent.
In this way, the difference in mobility of the polypeptide chains in the gel can be attributed solely to their length as opposed to both their native charge and shape.

This separation based on the size of the polypeptide chain simplifies the analysis of protein molecules.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can also suspend single-walled carbon nanotubes as individuals in aqueous media and also give well-resolved spectral features.
The device acts as a reverse filter, allowing large particles to pass while capturing smaller particles.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate has been used to stabilize dispersions of graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) during the preparation of the liquid phase of GNFs.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can also suspend single-walled carbon nanotubes as individuals in aqueous media and also give well-resolved spectral features.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate was used to fabricate amperometic biosensors for glucose.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be used as an efficient emulsifying agent for polymerizing pressure-sensitive adhesive. Dosage: 0.1~0.5%.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be used as the anti-hygroscopic and anticaking additives for powdered chemical products that easily absorb moisture and agglomerate, such as methenamine, carbamide, and ammonium nitrate.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate products are widely used.

In addition to the above several functions, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate also can be used as a cotton fabric refining agent and desizing agent in textile.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate functions as a foaming agent, creating a rich lather for cleansing and spreading.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is employed as an emulsifying agent in the food industry, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate helps stabilize and homogenize emulsions, such as salad dressings, mayonnaise, creams, and lotions.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be used in enhanced oil recovery processes.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate helps reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water, improving the displacement of oil from reservoirs.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used in textile manufacturing to aid in dyeing and printing processes.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate helps disperse dyes and improve their adherence to fabric fibers.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is sometimes added to pesticide formulations to enhance the spreading and wetting properties of the pesticide on plant surfaces, ensuring better coverage.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate in various experiments and applications, including protein solubilization, buffer preparation, and as a surfactant in analytical chemistry techniques.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be found in various industrial processes, such as metal cleaning, degreasing, and as a component in the formulation of chemicals and formulations.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonatemay be used in water treatment processes to help disperse and remove contaminants from water.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used in the production of firefighting foam concentrates to create stable and effective foams for extinguishing flammable liquid fires.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be used as an efficient emulsifying agent for polymerizing pressure-sensitive adhesive.
As the main content of high-class detergent and cleaner, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can blench, remove stains and oil and resist static electricity.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used as resin dispersant, felt detergent and deinking agent in the papermaking industry.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used as an osmotic degreaser in the leather industry.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used as an anti-blocking agent in the fertilizer industry.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used in the cement industry as a gassing agent, or used separately or in conjunction with components.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is widely used in the production of various detergents and emulsifiers, and can be properly used in cosmetics such as shampoo, foam bath, etc.; it can also be used as cleaning agent in textile industry, dyeing assistant, degreasing agent in electroplating industry; deinking agent in paper industry also needs to add a certain amount of Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

In addition, linear Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is very stable to oxidizer and soluble in water, so it is very suitable for washing powder with oxidizing bleach.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is a common ingredient in household and industrial cleaning products, including laundry detergents, dishwashing detergents, all-purpose cleaners, and degreasers.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate helps remove dirt, grease, and stains from surfaces.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used in various personal care items such as shampoos, body washes, hand soaps, and bath products.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be used as an antistatic additive with a cleaning function for textile oil.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be used as an efficient antistatic agent for polyester substrate and film base, especially for polyester base cinefilm and filmstrip.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be used as the antistatic agent for polyolefine, polyester, and other polymer materials.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can be used as the anti-hygroscopic and anticaking additives for powdered chemical products that are easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate, such as methenamine, carbamide, and ammonium nitrate.

As the main content of high-class detergent and cleaner, Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can blench, remove stains and oil and resist static electricity.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can also suspend single-walled carbon nanotubes as individuals in aqueous media and also give well-resolved spectral features.

Safety Profile:
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate may worsen skin problems in individuals with chronic skin hypersensitivity, with some people being affected more than others.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is not carcinogenic in low concentrations according to some like all detergents, sodium lauryl sulfate removes oils from the skin, and can cause skin and eye irritation.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can cause skin and eye irritation upon direct contact.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate has been shown to irritate the skin of the face, with prolonged and constant exposure (more than an hour) in young adults.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate is important to wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and safety goggles, to prevent skin and eye exposure.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate can result in gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, and other digestive discomfort.

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate dust or aerosols can lead to respiratory irritation.
Avoid ingestion, and keep the chemical out of reach of children.
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate may have environmental effects if not handled and disposed of properly.

Synonyms:
Sodium p-dodecylbenzenesulfonate
25155-30-0
sodium 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate
sodium;4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate
HB2D2ZEI04
Sodium 4-dodecylbenzenesulphonate
Benzenesulfonic acid, 4-dodecyl-, sodium salt (1:1)
MFCD00011508
DODECYLBENZENESODIUMSULFONATE
SULFONAX
UNII-HB2D2ZEI04
Benzenesulfonic acid, 4-dodecyl-, sodium salt
SCHEMBL446403
sodium p-dodecylphenylsulfonate
Sodiump-dodecylbenzenesulfonate
DTXSID9042413
JHJUUEHSAZXEEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M
sodium 4-dodecylbenzene-1-sulfonate
EINECS 218-654-2
AKOS040768553
p-Undecylbenzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt
4-Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt
SODIUM 1-PHENYLDODECANE-P-SULFONATE
CS-0264826
FT-0659925
FT-0717310
EN300-94762
W-107260
W-110284
Q27279832
Dodecene-1 LAS (for biodegradability of synthetic detergent) (JIS K 3363-1990)
SODIUM DODECYLBENZENESULFONATE ( Dodécylbenzènesulfonate de sodium )
SODIUM DODOXYNOL-40 SULFATE Nom INCI : SODIUM DODOXYNOL-40 SULFATE Classification : Sulfate, Composé éthoxylé Ses fonctions (INCI) Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM DODOXYNOL-40 SULFATE
cas no 6381-77-7 Isoascorbic acid, sodium salt; D-Araboascorbic acid, monosodium salt; D-erythro-Hex-2-enonic acid, gamma-lactone, monosodium salt; Erythorbic Acid Monosodium Salt; Monosodium erythorbate; Neo-cebitate; 2,3-Didehydro-3-O-sodio- D-erythro- hexono-1,4-Lactone; 2,3-Didehidro-3-O-sodio-D- eritro-hexono- 1,4-Lactona: 2,3-Didéhydro-3-O-sodio-D- érythro-hexono-1,4-Lactone; Sodium D-araboascorbate; sodium D-isoascorbate;
SODIUM ERYTHORBATE
SYNONYMS Isoascorbic acid, sodium salt; D-Araboascorbic acid, monosodium salt; D-erythro-Hex-2-enonic acid, gamma-lactone, monosodium salt; Erythorbic Acid Monosodium Salt; Monosodium erythorbate; Neo-cebitate; 2,3-Didehydro-3-O-sodio- D-erythro- hexono-1,4-Lactone; 2,3-Didehidro-3-O-sodio-D- eritro-hexono- 1,4-Lactona: 2,3-Didéhydro-3-O-sodio-D- érythro-hexono-1,4-Lactone; Sodium D-araboascorbate; sodium D-isoascorbate; CAS NO. 6381-77-7
SODIUM ERYTHORBATE

Sodium erythorbate, also known as sodium isoascorbate or sodium D-isoascorbate, is a sodium salt of erythorbic acid.
Sodium erythorbate is a synthetic variation of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and is widely used as an antioxidant and preservative in the food industry.
Sodium erythorbate is chemically designated as sodium salt of 2,3-diketo-L-gulonic acid and is commonly used to enhance the color, flavor, and stability of processed foods.

CAS Number: 6381-77-7
EC Number: 228-973-9

Synonyms: Sodium isoascorbate, Sodium D-isoascorbate, Erythorbic acid sodium salt, Erythorbate de sodium, E316, Antiscorbutine, Sodio eritorbato, Sodio eritórbico, Sodio isoascorbato, Sodio eritorbato



APPLICATIONS


Sodium erythorbate is extensively used as an antioxidant in the food industry.
Sodium erythorbate is added to processed meats such as sausages and bacon to prevent oxidation and maintain color.

Sodium erythorbate helps in preserving the flavor and texture of cured meats during storage.
In the beverage industry, Sodium erythorbate is used to stabilize vitamin C content in fruit juices and soft drinks.

Sodium erythorbate enhances the shelf life of canned fruits and vegetables by preventing discoloration and maintaining quality.
Sodium erythorbate is utilized in bakery products to improve dough handling and maintain freshness.

Sodium erythorbate acts as a dough conditioner, improving the elasticity and texture of baked goods.
Sodium erythorbate is added to dairy products like cheese to prevent oxidative rancidity and extend shelf life.
Sodium erythorbate plays a crucial role in maintaining the color and texture of seafood products during processing and storage.

Sodium erythorbate is used in salad dressings and sauces to prevent color changes and maintain product stability.
In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as an antioxidant and stabilizer in vitamin and mineral supplements.

Sodium erythorbate finds application in pet foods to preserve nutrient content and enhance product shelf life.
Sodium erythorbate is used in the production of instant noodles to prevent lipid oxidation and maintain quality.

Sodium erythorbate is added to canned soups and ready-to-eat meals to enhance flavor retention and reduce oxidative spoilage.
Sodium erythorbate is employed in the production of frozen foods to preserve color, texture, and nutritional value.
Sodium erythorbate is used in the manufacturing of sauces and condiments to prevent flavor degradation over time.

Sodium erythorbate helps in preserving the quality of fruit jams, jellies, and preserves by preventing color loss and flavor changes.
In the confectionery industry, Sodium erythorbate is added to candies and chocolates to prevent oxidation of fats and oils.

Sodium erythorbate is used in the production of dietary supplements and functional foods for its antioxidant benefits.
Sodium erythorbate is included in salad kits and pre-cut vegetables to maintain crispness and freshness.
Sodium erythorbate plays a role in the preservation of nutritional drinks and meal replacements, ensuring stability of vitamins and minerals.

Sodium erythorbate is used in the production of fermented foods such as pickles and sauerkraut to maintain quality.
Sodium erythorbate is utilized in the preservation of foodservice and institutional foods to extend shelf life and reduce waste.

Sodium erythorbate contributes to the stability of flavorings and seasonings used in processed foods, ensuring consistent taste over time.
Sodium erythorbate serves as a versatile ingredient in the food and beverage industry, contributing to product quality, safety, and consumer satisfaction.

Sodium erythorbate is commonly used in the canning of fruits and vegetables to maintain their natural color and prevent browning.
Sodium erythorbate is employed in the production of fruit-based jams, preserves, and fruit fillings to enhance their shelf stability.

Sodium erythorbate is added to salad dressings and mayonnaise to maintain their texture and prevent flavor degradation.
In the wine industry, Sodium erythorbate is used to prevent oxidation during wine production and bottling.

Sodium erythorbate is utilized in the production of beer to stabilize flavor and prevent oxidative reactions that can alter taste.
Sodium erythorbate is an important additive in the production of frozen desserts like ice cream to prevent crystallization and maintain smooth texture.

Sodium erythorbate is used in the processing of frozen seafood products to retain their natural color and flavor.
Sodium erythorbate finds application in the production of packaged snacks such as potato chips and crackers to extend their shelf life.

Sodium erythorbate is added to breakfast cereals and granola bars to prevent the oxidation of fats and maintain freshness.
Sodium erythorbate is used in the production of canned soups and broths to enhance flavor stability and prolong shelf life.
Sodium erythorbate is employed in the manufacture of infant formulas and baby foods to ensure nutrient retention and safety.

Sodium erythorbate is included in dietary supplements and health drinks for its antioxidant properties, supporting overall health and wellness.
Sodium erythorbate is used in the cosmetic industry in skincare formulations to stabilize active ingredients and maintain product efficacy.

Sodium erythorbate is utilized in the pharmaceutical industry as a stabilizer in oral medications and vitamin preparations.
Sodium erythorbate is added to pet foods and treats to preserve nutrient content and enhance palatability.

Sodium erythorbate is used in the production of processed meats such as ham and turkey to improve color retention and prevent flavor loss.
Sodium erythorbate finds application in the production of sauces and condiments such as ketchup and barbecue sauce to maintain flavor consistency.

Sodium erythorbate is included in nutritional bars and meal replacement shakes to protect vitamins and minerals from degradation.
Sodium erythorbate is used in the production of packaged rice and pasta dishes to prevent rancidity and ensure quality.
Sodium erythorbate is employed in the manufacturing of bakery mixes and doughs to improve dough handling and baking performance.

Sodium erythorbate is added to ready-to-eat meals and convenience foods to preserve texture and flavor during storage and heating.
Sodium erythorbate is used in the production of shelf-stable juices and beverages to maintain their nutrient content and sensory properties.

Sodium erythorbate is employed in the canning of beans and legumes to prevent color fading and maintain product appearance.
Sodium erythorbate is used in the production of processed cheeses and cheese products to prevent oxidation and maintain flavor integrity.
Sodium erythorbate plays a critical role across various industries by enhancing product quality, extending shelf life, and ensuring consumer satisfaction.



DESCRIPTION


Sodium erythorbate, also known as sodium isoascorbate or sodium D-isoascorbate, is a sodium salt of erythorbic acid.
Sodium erythorbate is a synthetic variation of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and is widely used as an antioxidant and preservative in the food industry.
Sodium erythorbate is chemically designated as sodium salt of 2,3-diketo-L-gulonic acid and is commonly used to enhance the color, flavor, and stability of processed foods.

Sodium erythorbate is a white to slightly yellow crystalline powder with a mild odor.
Sodium erythorbate is derived from erythorbic acid, a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid (vitamin C).

Sodium erythorbate is highly soluble in water, making it easy to incorporate into various food and beverage applications.
Sodium erythorbate is valued for its antioxidant properties, which help prevent oxidative degradation of food products.

Sodium erythorbate functions by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting the formation of undesirable compounds such as nitrosamines in processed meats.
In food preservation, it acts as a preservative by maintaining the color, flavor, and texture of fruits, vegetables, and meats.

The chemical stability of sodium erythorbate allows it to be used in a wide range of pH conditions without losing effectiveness.
Sodium erythorbate is commonly used in the food industry to extend the shelf life of products without impacting taste or nutritional value.
Sodium erythorbate is a versatile ingredient in the production of cured meats, where it helps maintain the pink color and prevents rancidity.

Due to its water solubility, it is also used in beverages to stabilize vitamin C content and improve flavor stability.
Sodium erythorbate is known for its dough-improving properties in baking, aiding in better gluten development and dough handling.
In dairy products, sodium erythorbate helps preserve freshness and prevent oxidative deterioration.

Sodium erythorbate is often added to canned foods to preserve texture and nutritional quality during storage.
Sodium erythorbate is recognized for its role in reducing the need for synthetic additives by enhancing natural preservation methods.

Sodium erythorbate contributes to the safety of processed foods by reducing the risk of microbial growth and spoilage.
The use of sodium erythorbate aligns with consumer preferences for clean-label ingredients in food products.

Sodium erythorbate is an important component in the formulation of nutritional supplements and fortified foods, ensuring stability and efficacy.
Sodium erythorbate has a regulatory status as a safe food additive in many countries, including the United States and the European Union.
Its ability to enhance color retention in food products makes it valuable in enhancing visual appeal and consumer acceptance.

Sodium erythorbate's application in meat processing helps meet industry standards for quality and safety in cured meats.
Sodium erythorbate is effective in reducing the formation of undesirable flavors and odors caused by oxidation in processed foods.

Its usage in food manufacturing supports sustainable practices by reducing food waste and extending product shelf life.
Sodium erythorbate undergoes rigorous testing to ensure its safety and efficacy in food applications before being approved for use.

Sodium erythorbate is essential in the production of ready-to-eat meals and convenience foods, maintaining freshness during distribution.
Sodium erythorbate is a valuable ingredient that plays a critical role in food preservation, antioxidant protection, and quality enhancement across various food and beverage industries.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: White to slightly yellow crystalline powder
Odor: Mild odor
Density: ~1.65 g/cm³ (bulk density)
Melting Point: ~168-172°C (334-342°F)
Solubility:
Highly soluble in water
Slightly soluble in ethanol
pH (1% solution): ~5.5 - 8.0
Molecular Weight: Approximately 216.1 g/mol


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: C6H7NaO6
IUPAC Name: Sodium (2R)-2-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-oxobutanoyl]oxy-2-hydroxypropanoate
CAS Number: 6381-77-7
EC Number: 228-973-9
Synonyms: Sodium isoascorbate, Sodium D-isoascorbate, Erythorbic acid sodium salt
Structure: Sodium erythorbate is the sodium salt of erythorbic acid, which is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Acidity/Basicity: pH dependent, generally neutral to slightly alkaline in aqueous solutions.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If respiratory irritation occurs due to dust or aerosol exposure, move the person to fresh air.
Allow them to rest in a well-ventilated area.
If breathing difficulties persist or worsen, seek medical attention.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and rinse affected skin thoroughly with soap and water.
If irritation or redness develops and persists, seek medical advice.


Eye Contact:

Flush eyes gently with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek medical attention if irritation or redness persists after flushing.


Ingestion:

If Sodium erythorbate is ingested accidentally and the person is conscious, rinse their mouth with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical professionals.
Seek immediate medical advice or contact a poison control center.


Personal Protection:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles when handling Sodium erythorbate in bulk or concentrated forms.
Avoid prolonged or repeated exposure to ensure safety.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling Conditions:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, when handling Sodium erythorbate.
Use respiratory protection if there is a risk of inhalation exposure to dust or aerosols.

Handling Precautions:
Avoid direct contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Minimize dust generation by handling Sodium erythorbate in a well-ventilated area or under local exhaust ventilation.
Use tools and equipment that are resistant to corrosion by Sodium erythorbate.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling Sodium erythorbate.
Remove contaminated clothing promptly and wash before reuse.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the chemical.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Clean up spills immediately to prevent environmental contamination.
Use absorbent materials (e.g., vermiculite, sand) to contain and absorb spills.
Dispose of cleanup materials according to local regulations.

Storage Compatibility:
Store Sodium erythorbate in tightly sealed containers to prevent exposure to moisture and air.
Ensure containers are labeled properly with the chemical name and hazard information.
Keep away from incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents and acids.


Storage Conditions:

Temperature:
Store Sodium erythorbate in a cool, dry place.
Avoid storage in areas subject to direct sunlight or high temperatures, as this may lead to degradation.

Ventilation:
Provide adequate ventilation in storage areas to disperse any potential vapors or dust.

Containers:
Use containers made of materials compatible with Sodium erythorbate, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or glass.
Ensure containers are tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and moisture ingress.

Segregation:
Store Sodium erythorbate away from foodstuffs, beverages, and animal feed to prevent accidental contamination.

Handling Cautions:
Handle containers carefully to prevent damage and leakage.
Do not store near sources of ignition or combustible materials.

Emergency Preparedness:
Have appropriate spill containment and cleanup materials readily available near storage areas.
Maintain emergency response procedures and contact information for medical assistance in case of exposure or accidents.
SODIUM ERYTHORBATE ( Érythorbate de sodium ) Sodium isoascorbate
ETHYL 4-HYDROXYBENZOATE SODIUM SALT ETHYL-4-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID SODIUM SALT ETHYL-P-HYDROXYBENZOATE SODIUM SALT p-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester sodium salt sodium 4-ethoxycarbonylphenoxide SODIUM ETHYL 4-HYDROXYBENZOATE SODIUM ETHYL-P-HYDROXYBENZOATE benzoicacid,4-hydroxy-,ethylester,sodiumsalt Benzoicacid,p-hydroxy-,ethylester,sodiumderiv. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester sodium salt SODIUM ETHYLPARABEN EthylParabenSodium ETHYL4-HYDROBENZOATESODIUMSALT BENZOICACID,PARA-HYDROXY-,ETHYLESTER,SODIUMSALT 4-(Sodiooxy)benzoic acid ethyl ester 4-Sodiooxybenzoic acid ethyl ester CAS :35285-68-8
SODIUM ETASULFATE
Sodium Etasulfate is a clear, colorless, viscous, and nonflammable liquid that belongs to the sodium sulfate chemical group.


CAS Number: 126-92-1
EC Number: 204-812-8
MDL number: MFCD00042047
Molecular Formula: C8H17NaO4S


Sodium Etasulfate is a solid.
Sodium Etasulfate is a clear, colorless, slightly viscous liquid.
Sodium Etasulfate is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research.


Sodium Etasulfate is a clear, colorless, viscous, and nonflammable liquid that belongs to the sodium sulfate chemical group.
Sodium Etasulfate is usually stable; however, it is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Sodium Etasulfate is an alkyl sodium sulfate surfactant.


Sodium Etasulfate is a clear colorless liquid.
Sodium Etasulfate is a colorless liquid.
Sodium Etasulfate is used as wetting agent for the mercerization of cotton and a surfactant in dishwashing detergents


Sodium Etasulfate is an anionic, low-foaming surfactant of the alkyl sulphates group.
Sodium Etasulfate is an aqueous solution of the sodium salt of 2-ethylhexyl sulphate.
Sodium Etasulfate is offered in the form of a clear, colourless to pale yellow liquid with a Hazen scale colour maximum value of about 150.


The active substance content in the solution ranges from 38% to 42%.
Sodium Etasulfate is characterised by low viscosity.
At 20°C, Sodium Etasulfate's density is approximately 1.1 g / mL.
Sodium Etasulfate is a clear, colorless, slightly viscous liquid.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM ETASULFATE:
Sodium Etasulfate is used detergent.
Sodium Etasulfate can be used for stable aqueous suspension formulations.
Sodium Etasulfate is an anionic surfactant that can be used in suspension polymerization.


Sodium Etasulfate is used in the analysis of phenolic compounds through microchip-CE with pulsed amperometric detection.
Sodium Etasulfate is used as charge balancing anions in the synthesis of organo-layered double hydroxides (organo-LDHs).
Sodium Etasulfate is used industrial cleaners, household detergents, textile industry, food industry, foaming agent in the production of drywall, firefighting industry, and oil extraction industry.


Sodium Etasulfate is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research.
Due to its unique solubility and penetrating action, Sodium Etasulfate is widely used in various end-user industries such as textile, chemical production, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, metal working, and food processing.


Sodium Etasulfate is used as wetting agent in the textile industry.
Sodium Etasulfate is used along with calcium hypochlorite as a bleaching agent.
Sodium Etasulfate is used as mercerizing agent for cotton processing in the chemical industry.


Sodium Etasulfate is employed as intermediate in anoinic surfactants that are used for dishwashing detergents.
Sodium Etasulfate is also used as surfactant in lye washing and peeling process.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Sodium Etasulfate is used to enhance the bactericidal properties of generic antiseptics that are more acidic.


Sodium Etasulfate is also employed as surfactant in penicillin production for breaking undesired reaction conditions.
Sodium Etasulfate exhibits antimycotic properties, making it effective in inhibiting the growth of fungi.
Sodium Etasulfate has the potential to induce genetic damage by binding to DNA and forming adducts.


Furthermore, Sodium Etasulfate can be used in various analytical applications, particularly in wastewater treatment, as well as serving as a preservative for oils and fats.
Sodium Etasulfate is a low-foaming anionic surfactant with excellent wetting properties and outstanding stability in highly electrolyte, alkaline and acidic systems.


Sodium Etasulfate is a profound hydrotropic and wetting agent suitable for use in the production of liquid detergents for household and industrial use such as hard-surface cleaners and alkaline and acid metal degreasers.
Owing to its wetting and penetrating properties Sodium Etasulfate is used as a mercerizing agent in textile industry, in metal galvanization, pickling and brightening, in lye washing and peeling solutions for fruits and vegetables, in fountain solutions for offset printing, wallpaper removal solutions etc.


Sodium Etasulfate is a Sodium salt of 2ethylhexyl sulfate Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate uses and applications include: Wetting agent for electroplating baths, alkaline textile processing aids, industrial cleaners; coemulsifier for polymerization; viscous control in adhesives; food packaging adhesives; in paperpaperboard in contact with aqueousfatty foods; surfactant, detergent, wetting agent, emulsifier, penetrant, stabilizer for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, household and industrial cleaners, metal cleaning, paints, plastics, rubber, food packaging and processing, adhesives; washinglye peeling of fruits and vegetables


Sodium Etasulfate is an anionic surfactant that can be used.
Sodium Etasulfate is used Detergent.
Sodium Etasulfatecan be used for stable aqueous suspension formulations.


Sodium Etasulfate is a low-foaming anionic surfactant with excellent wetting properties and outstanding stability in highly electrolyte, alkaline and acidic systems.
Sodium Etasulfate is a profound hydrotropic and wetting agent suitable for use in the production of liquid detergents for household and industrial use such as hard-surface cleaners and alkaline and acid metal degreasers.


Owing to its wetting and penetrating properties Sodium Etasulfate is used as a mercerizing agent in textile industry, in metal galvanization, pickling and brightening, in lye washing and peeling solutions for fruits and vegetables, in fountain solutions for offset printing, wallpaper removal solutions etc.
Sodium Etasulfate finds diverse applications in various industries, including.


Personal Care: Sodium Etasulfate is used as a foaming and cleansing agent in personal care products, such as shampoos and body washes.
Industrial Cleaning: Sodium Etasulfate acts as an effective detergent in industrial cleaning formulations.
Textile Processing: Sodium Etasulfate is employed in textile processing for its emulsifying properties.


Sodium Etasulfate is generally considered safe when used as intended.
Sodium Etasulfate is used Galvanizing additive / Raw material for acrylic copolymer / Intermediate for organic synthesis
Sodium Etasulfate carries excellent wetting, spreading and hydrotropic proterties.


Sodium Etasulfate can tolorate alkanline condition.
Sodium Etasulfate is mainly applied as the wetting agent in alkaline solution such as textile industry.
Sodium Etasulfate can also added to the aerosol fulmulated product as the spreading agent.


Also Sodium Etasulfate can be used as the hydrotropic agent.
Sodium Etasulfate is used Agricultural Chemicals, Coupling agent, Organic Intermediates, Surfactants & Emulsifiers, Wetting Agents, Accelerators.
Sodium Etasulfate is used as low foam wetting agent in nickel baths at a concentration of 50-250ml/L.


Sodium Etasulfate is also widely used in textile industry as alkaline-resistant scouring agent and mercerizing penetrant.
Cosmetic Uses of Sodium Etasulfate: surfactants, surfactant - emulsifying, and surfactant - hydrotrope



APPLICATION AREAS OF SODIUM ETASULFATE:
*HI&I cleaning
*Emulsion polymerization
*Metalworking
*Textile auxiliaries
*Printing industry
*Agriculture



INDUSTRY OF SODIUM ETASULFATE:
*Cosmetic ,
*Plating ,
*Industrial ,
*Pharmaceutical ,
*Textiles ,
*Adhesives ,
*Plastics ,
*Rubber ,
*Detergent ,
*Cleaners



FUNCTIONS OF SODIUM ETASULFATE:
*Surfactant
*Emulsifier
*Stabilizer



ADVANTAGES OF SODIUM ETASULFATE:
*low foaming properties,
*very good wetting properties,
*good solubility in water,
*easy handling of the product,
*versatile product for multiple applications,
*high stability and interphase activity in concentrated salt and alkali solutions,
*exhibits hydrophilic properties.



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM ETASULFATE:
Sodium Etasulfate is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a faint odor.
Sodium Etasulfate is sparingly soluble in water and commonly used as a surfactant.



WHAT DOES SODIUM ETASULFATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Emulsifying
*Hydrotrope
*Surfactant



PRODUCTION METHODS OF SODIUM ETASULFATE:
How Sodium 2-Ethylhexyl Sulfate is Manufactured
Sodium Etasulfate is produced by reacting 2-ethylhexyl alcohol with sulfuric acid, yielding the desired product.
Sodium Etasulfate is then carefully purified to meet industry standards.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM ETASULFATE:
Molecular Formula: C8H17O4S.Na
Molecular Weight: 232.273
appearance at 20°C: clear yellowish liquid
density at 20°C, g/cm3, c.: 1.10
active matter, % wt.: 42 ± 2
pH, 3% aqueous solution: 9.0 - 10.5
Physical state: liquid
Color: yellow, green
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 100 °C
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available

pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: completely miscible
Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure 23,3 hPa at 25 °C
Density: 1,100 - 1,120 g/cm3 at 25 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.

Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Molecular Weight: 232.28
Exact Mass: 232.07452447
EC Number: 204-812-8|616-183-0
DSSTox ID: DTXSID1026033
HScode: 2920909090
Density: 1.114 at 71.1 °F
Boiling Point: 205 to 219 °F at 760 mm Hg
Flash Point: greater than 200 °F
Water Solubility: greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 68° F
Vapor Pressure: 22.5 mm Hg at 77 °F
Air and Water Reactions: Water soluble.
Reactive Group: Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters
Molecular Weight: 232.27

Appearance: Liquid
Formula: C8H17NaO4S
CAS No.: 126-92-1
SMILES: O=S(OCC(CCCC)CC)(O[Na])=O
Shipping: Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
CAS: 126-92-1
MF: C8H17NaO4S
MW: 232.27
EINECS: 204-812-8
Melting point: 148-149 °C
density: 1.12 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)
vapor pressure : 1.2Pa at 20℃
storage temp. : Store at RT.
solubility: DMSO (Soluble), Water (Soluble)
form: Colourless Solution
Water Solubility: >=10 g/100 mL at 20 ºC

BRN: 5177087
Stability: Stable.
LogP: -0.248 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 126-92-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium ethasulfate (126-92-1)
Molecular Weight: 232.28 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 7
Exact Mass: 232.07452447 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 232.07452447 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 74.8Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 14
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 210
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance: colorless clear liquid (est)
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Flash Point: 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 3.085 (est)
Soluble in: water, 5.843e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Name: Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate
EINECS: 204-812-8
CAS No.: 126-92-1
Density 1.12 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
PSA: 74.81000
LogP: 2.76040

Solubility: >=10 g/100 mL at 20 °C in water
Melting Point: 148-149 °C
Formula: C8H17NaO4S
Boiling Point N/A
Molecular Weight: 232.276
Flash Point: N/A
Transport Information: N/A
Appearance: clear, colorless, slightly viscous liquid
Safety 26: Risk Codes 36/38
IUPAC Name: sodium;2-ethylhexyl sulfate
Molecular Weight: 232.27
Molecular Formula: C8H17NaO4S
Canonical SMILES: CCCCC(CC)COS(=O)(=O)[O-].[Na+]
InChI: InChI=1S/C8H18O4S.Na/c1-3-5-6-8(4-2)7-12-13(9,10)11;/h8H,3-7H2,1-2H3,(H,9,10,11);/q;+1/p-1
InChI Key: DGSDBJMBHCQYGN-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Melting Point: 148-149 °C

Density: 1.12 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)
Appearance: Solid
Storage: Store at room temperature
Complexity: 210
EC Number: 204-812-8
Exact Mass: 232.07452447
Formal Charge: 0
Heavy Atom Count: 14
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Isomeric SMILES: CCCCC(CC)COS(=O)(=O)[O-].[Na+]
MDL Number: MFCD00042047
Monoisotopic Mass: 232.07452447
Physical State: Solid
Rotatable Bond Count: 7
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Topological Polar Surface Area: 74.8 Ų



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM ETASULFATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM ETASULFATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM ETASULFATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM ETASULFATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Safety glasses with side-shields
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM ETASULFATE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Normal measures for preventive fire protection.
*Hygiene measures:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 12:
Non Combustible Liquids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM ETASULFATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Sodium ethasulfate
Tergemist
08-Union Carbide
1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt
1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, sulfate, sodium salt
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol hydrogen sulfate sodium salt
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sodium sulfate
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sulfate sodium salt
2-Ethylhexyl sodium sulfate
2-Ethylhexylsulfate sodium
Emcol D 5-10
Emersal 6465
Ethasulfate sodium
Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt
Mono(2-ethylhexyl) sulfate sodium salt
Mono(2-ethylhexyl)sulfate sodium salt
NIA proof 08
Pentrone ON
Propaste 6708
Sipex bos
Sodium (2-ethylhexyl)alcohol sulfate
Sodium etasulfate
Sodium mono(2-ethylhexyl) sulfate
Sodium octyl sulfate, iso
Sodium(2-ethylhexyl)alcohol sulfate
Sole Tege TS-25
Sulfirol 8
Sulfuric acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Tergitol 08
Tergitol Anionic 08
Sodium salt of 2-ethylhexanol sulfate.
Sulfuric acid,mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester,sodium salt (1:1)
Sulfuric acid,mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester,sodium salt
1-Hexanol,2-ethyl-,hydrogen sulfate,sodium salt
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sulfate sodium salt
2-Ethylhexyl sodium sulfate
Sodium etasulfate
Sodium ethasulfate
Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate
Tergemist
Tergimist
Tergitol 08
Ethasulfate sodium
Sulfirol 8
Pentrone ON
Emcol D 5-10
Sole Tege TS 25
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sodium sulfate
Tergitol Anionic 08
2-Ethylhexyl sulfate sodium salt
NAS 08
Niaproof 08
Sintrex EHR
Nissan Sintrex EHR
Lugalvan TC-EHS
Sulfotex CA
Rewopol NEHS 40
Witcolate D 5-10
Texapon 890
Sodium octyl sulphate
Sodium octyl sulfate
Newcol 1000SN
Avirol SA 4106
Sinolin SO 35
Rhodapon BOS
Supralate S
Carsonol SHS
Rhodapon OLS
Lutensit TC-EHS
NSC 4744
Sulfotex OA
Stepanol EHS
Pionin A 20
Texapon EHS
Kraftex OA
Disponil EHS 47
Sandet OHE
Steponol EHS
Sulfopon O
TC-EHS
11099-08-4
37349-48-7
75037-31-9
08-unioncarbide
sulfirol8
Sulfuricacid,mono(2-ethylhexyl)ester,sodiumsalt
tergemist
tergimist
tergitolanionic08
SODIUM 2-ETHYLHEXYL SULFATE
TERGITOL-8
(+/-)-SODIUM ETHASULFATE
HEXANOL, 2-ETHYL-, HYDROGEN SULFATE, SODIUM SALT
MONO(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SULFATE SODIUM SALT
NSC-4744
RHODAPON OLS
SODIUM 2-ETHYLHEXYL SULFATE
SODIUM ETASULFATE
SODIUM ETASULFATE [INN]
SODIUM ETASULFATE [WHO-DD]
SODIUM ETHASULFATE
SODIUM ETHASULFATE [HSDB]
SODIUM ETHASULFATE [USAN]
SODIUM ETHASULFATE, (+/-)-
SODIUM ETHASULPHATE
SODIUM ETHYLHEXYL SULFATE
SODIUM ETHYLHEXYL SULFATE [INCI]
SULFURIC ACID, MONO(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER, SODIUM SALT
SODIUM 2-ETHYLHEXYL SULFATE
126-92-1
Sodium ethasulfate
Sodium etasulfate
Sulfuric acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Sodium Ethasulfate [USAN]
Pentrone ON
Ethasulfate sodium
Sulfirol 8
Rhodapon ols
08-Union carbide
Tergitol 08
Tergitol anionic 08
Propaste 6708
Sodium ethasulphate
Sole Tege TS-25
Sodium (2-ethylhexyl)alcohol sulfate
Tergemist
Emcol D 5-10
2-Ethylhexyl sodium sulfate
Sodium etasulfate [INN]
Sodium Ethylhexyl Sulfate
Mono(2-ethylhexyl) sulfate sodium salt
Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt
sodium;2-ethylhexyl sulfate
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sodium sulfate
NCI-C50204
Sodium(2-ethylhexyl)alcohol sulfate
DTXSID1026033
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sulfate sodium salt
NSC-4744
1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, sulfate, sodium salt
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol hydrogen sulfate sodium salt
Sodium etasulfate (INN)
Sipex bos
12838560LI
1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt
Sodium ethasulfate (USAN)
DTXCID706033
NIA proof 08
Emersal 6465
Natrii etasulfas
Sodium octyl sulfate, iso
2-Ethylhexylsulfate sodium
Etasulfato sodico
CAS-126-92-1
Etasulfate de sodium
CCRIS 2461
HSDB 1314
2-Ethylhexylsiran sodny
Sodium mono(2-ethylhexyl) sulfate
NCGC00164327-02
NSC 4744
EINECS 204-812-8
Mono(2-ethylhexyl)sulfate sodium salt
sodium etasul-fate
UNII-12838560LI
Sodiumisooctylsulfate
MFCD00042047
EC 204-812-8
SCHEMBL57666
SODIUM2-ETHYLHEXYLSULFATE
CHEMBL2107701
SODIUM ETHASULFATE [HSDB]
(+/-)-SODIUM ETHASULFATE
SODIUM ETASULFATE [WHO-DD]
Tox21_112098
Tox21_303207
AKOS015833419
SODIUM ETHASULFATE, (+/-)-
HY-W130648
SODIUM ETHYLHEXYL SULFATE [INCI]
NCGC00164327-01
NCGC00257129-01
CS-0196653
FT-0603333
Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate, ~50% in H2O
Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate, Type 8, ~40%
D05858
F71244
J-005450
J-524267
Q27251390
Sulfuric acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt (1:1)
Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sulfate sodium salt
2-Ethylhexyl sodium sulfate
Mono (2-ethylhexyl) sulfate sodium salt
Sodium etasulfate Sodium (2-ethylhexyl) alcohol sulfate
Sulfuric acid, mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt
1-Hexanol,2-ethyl-, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt (6CI,7CI)
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sulfate sodium salt
2-Ethylhexyl sulfate sodium salt
Carsonol SHS
Ethasulfate sodium
Lutensit TC-EHS
NAS 08
NSC 4744
Niaproof 08
Pentrone ON
Pionin A 20
Rhodapon BOS
Sinolin SO 35
Sintrex EHR
Sodium ethasulfate
Sodium octyl sulfate
Sole Tege TS 25
Stepanol EHS
Sulfotex CA
Sulfotex OA
Tergemist
Tergitol 08
Texapon 890
niaproof type 8
sodium etasulfate
sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulphate
2-Ethylhexylsulfate Sodium salt
TC-EHS
2-ethylhexylsulphate,sodium salt
08-unioncarbide
1-hexanol,2-ethyl-,hydrogensulfate,sodiumsalt
2-ethyl-1-hexanolhydrogensulfatesodiumsalt
2-ethyl-1-hexanolsodiumsulfate
2-ethyl-1-hexanolsulfatesodiumsalt
2-ethylhexylsiransodny
2-ethylhexylsodiumsulfate
2-ethylhexylsulfatesodium
2-ethylhexylsulfuricacid,sodium
2-ethylhexylsulfuricacid,sodiumsalt emcold5-10
emersal6465
mono(2-ethylhexyl sulfatesodiumsalt
nci-c50204
niaproof08
pentroneon
propaste6708
sipexbos
2-ethylhexyl sulfate
2-Ethylhexylsulphate, sodium salt
Sodium ethasulfate
Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate
Sulfuric acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester, sodium salt (1:1)
126-92-1
Sulfuric acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Sodium (2-ethylhexyl)alcohol sulfate
EINECS 204-812-8
Emcol D 5-10
Emersal 6465
Ethasulfate sodium
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sodium sulfate
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sulfate sodium salt
2-Ethylhexyl sodium sulfate
2-Ethylhexylsulfate sodium
1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, sulfate, sodium salt
Mono(2-ethylhexyl)sulfate sodium salt
NCI-C50204
NIA proof 08
NSC 4744
Pentrone ON
Propaste 6708
Sipex bos
Sodium mono(2-ethylhexyl) sulfate
Sodium octyl sulfate, iso
Sodium(2-ethylhexyl)alcohol sulfate
Sole Tege TS-25
Tergitol 08
Tergitol anionic 08
08-Union carbide
2-Ethylhexylsiran sodny
Etasulfate de sodium
Etasulfato sodico
Natrii etasulfas
UNII-12838560LI
11099-08-4
75037-31-9
2-Ethylhexyl sulfate sodium salt
2-Ethyl-1-Hexanol Sodium Sulfate
2-Ethyl-1-Hexanol Sulfate Sodium Salt
Sodium(2-Ethylhexyl)Alcohol Sulfate
Sulfuric Acid, Mono(2-Ethylhexyl) Ester, Sodium Salt
Sodium ethylhexyl sulfate
niaproof type 8
sodium etasulfate
sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulphate
2-Ethylhexylsulfate Sodium salt
TC-EHS
2-ethylhexylsulphate,sodium salt
08-unioncarbide
1-hexanol,2-ethyl-,hydrogensulfate,sodiumsalt
2-ethyl-1-hexanolhydrogensulfatesodiumsalt
2-ethyl-1-hexanolsodiumsulfate
2-ethyl-1-hexanolsulfatesodiumsalt
2-ethylhexylsiransodny
2-ethylhexylsodiumsulfate
2-ethylhexylsulfatesodium
2-ethylhexylsulfuricacid,sodium
2-ethylhexylsulfuricacid,sodiumsalt emcold5-10
emersal6465
mono(2-ethylhexyl sulfatesodiumsalt
nci-c50204
niaproof08
pentroneon
propaste6708
sipexbos
2-ethylhexyl sulfate
2-Ethylhexylsulphate, sodium salt



SODIUM ETHYL PARABENE
Chemical name Sodium Ethyl p-Hydroxybenzoate 35285-68-8Sodium Ethylparaben Sodium Ethyl paraben is a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent designed for preservation of a wide range of cosmetics, toiletries pharmaceuticals. Nipagin A Sodium is suitable to preserve both rinse- off and leave- on formulations. Nipagin A Sodium is effective against bacteria, molds and yeast. EC / List no.: 252-487-6 CAS no.: 35285-68-8 Mol. formula: C9H9NaO3 Sodium Ethyl P-hydroxybenzoate Odor: characteristic Use: Sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate is widely used in food and pharmaceutical and textile industry for its antiseptic property. Sodium Ethylparaben is also can be used in industries such as cosmetics, feed and so on. Synonyms: benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, sodium salt benzoic acid, p-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, sodium deriv. ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, sodium salt ethylparaben sodium ethylparaben, sodium salt 4- hydroxybenzoic acid, ethyl ester, sodium salt sodium 4-ethoxycarbonyl phenoxide sodium 4-ethoxycarbonylphenoxide sodium ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate sodium ethyl paraben sodium;4-ethoxycarbonylphenolate Synonym: Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate sodium salt, p-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester sodium salt, Ethylparaben sodium salt Sodium Ethyl paraben is a Sodium salt of ethylparaben Sodium Ethylparaben uses and applications include: Antimicrobial, preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods, beer, pharmaceuticals; preservative in cosmetics Sodium Ethylparaben is a water-soluble antiseptic mainly used as a safe, high efficiency, broad-spectrum antibiotic for cosmetics. Sodium Ethyl paraben is in the paraben family of preservatives used by the food, pharmaceutical, and personal care product industries. INCI designation Sodium Ethylparaben. Product properties *) Appearance: White powder Chemical and physical data pH 9.5- 10.5 Water content: max. 5.0 % Assay by non aqueous titration: 99 - 102 % Uses: Sodium Ethyl paraben is a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent designed for preservation of a wide range of cosmetics, toiletries pharmaceuticals. Sodium Ethyl paraben is suitable to preserve both rinse- off and leave- on formulations. Sodium Ethylparaben is effective against bacteria, molds and yeast. The recommended use level of Nipagin A Sodium to preserve most product types is normally in the range of 0.1- 0.3 % based on the total weight of the finished product. The Paraben esters have many advantages as preservatives,like broad spectrum antimicrobial activity, effective at low use concentrations, compatible with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients, colourless, odourless, well documented toxicological and dermatological acceptability based on human experience (used in cosmetics, food and pharmaceuticals since 1930ies), p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid and a number of its esters occur naturally in a variety of plants and animals, stable and effective over a wide pH- range, etc. The Sodium Parabens, like Sodium Ethylparaben have several additional advantages: - Nipagin A Sodium is highly soluble in cold water for ease of addition. - No heating stage required for incorporation, thus saving energy and plant occupancy. - Increased antimicrobial activity at alkaline pH. Applications: Sodium Ethylparaben is designed for preservation of a wide range of cosmetics and toiletries. Sodium Ethylparaben is suitable to preserve both rinse- off and leave- on formulations. Formulations which are prone to bacteria contamination an additional antibacterial preservative, like Nipaguard DMDMH might be necessary to add as Sodium Ethylparaben provides a higher efficacy against fungi than against bacteria. Solubility Water up to 50 % Sodium Ethylparaben SINGLE PRESERVATIVE Sodium Ethylparaben is a highly water-soluble short-chain paraben in sodium salt form. The major benefit offered by the sodium salts is their high solubility in cold water, thereby enabling the introduction of parabens without heating or pre-dissolving in solvents. Benefits Sodium Ethylparaben has high solubility in cold water Sodium Ethylparaben performs broad spectrum of activity against bacteria and fungi Sodium Ethylparaben shows effectiveness at low concentrations Sodium Ethylparaben has stability over a broad pH-range Water-soluble Biodegradability at environmental concentrations Global acceptance in personal care applications Ethylparaben Sodium, also known as Ethyl paraben or Ethyl parahydroxybenzoate, can be used as a food additive and as an antifungal preservative Incorporation: Sodium Ethylparaben is highly soluble in water and so easily incorporated into cosmetic formulations. It is important to note that, whilst the aqueous solubility in alkaline solution is high, if the pH of the formulated product is acidic the sodium salt reverts to the ester and the low solubility is regained. Microbial activity: Sodium Ethylparaben has a broad spectrum of activity which includes the following common spoilage organisms. Microorganisms MIC level (%) Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa 0.113 Escherichia coli 0.056 Klebsiella pneumoniae 0.056 Serratia marcescens 0.056 Proteus vulgaris 0.068 Salmonella enteritidis 0.046 Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus 0.079 Streptococcus haemolyticus 0.068 Bacillus cereus 0.028 Yeasts Candida albicans 0.079 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 0.056 Molds Aspergillus niger 0.045 Technical Data Appearance :Powder Active Substance (ca.): 100% INCI-Name: Sodium Ethylparaben Applications Aqueous concentrates may be prepared up to 40% in strength. The concentrate may then be added to the process, preferably slowly and with rapid mixing. Due to the high pH of aqueous solutions of sodium parabens, the pH of the final product requires adjustment. The aqueous solution should be used within a short time of preparation as prolonged storage will result in alkaline hydrolysis of the esters. It is important to note that, at the target pH of the formulation, the parabens will exist as the free esters and not as salts and, therefore, the solubility will also be that of the free esters. Use of the sodium salts will facilitate introduction of the parabens; it will not allow higher concentrations to be used compared with the free esters. pH stability: Sodium Ethylparaben remains fully stable over a wide pH range from 3.0- 11.0. Aqueous solutions of Nipagin A Sodium are not long- term stable at alkaline pH. Temperature stability The recommended maximum handling temperature is 80°C. Storage instructions Sodium Ethylparaben is stable in sealed original containers. Further information on handling, storage and dispatch is given in the EC safety data sheet. Sodium Ethylparaben is a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent designed for preservation of a wide range of cosmetics, toiletries pharmaceuticals. It is suitable to preserve both rinse- off and leave- on formulations. This product is highly soluble in cold water, which adds to its ease of addition to formulations. Sodium Ethylparaben. Sodium Ethyl paraben provides a broad spectrum of activity against bacteria & fungi. Sodium Ethyl paraben is a short-chain paraben in sodium salt form. Sodium Ethylparaben offers high solubility in cold water, low order of toxicity and stability over a broad pH-range. Sodium Ethylparaben exhibits effectiveness at low concentrations. Sodium Ethylparaben shows good biodegradability at environmental concentrations. Sodium Ethylparaben is used in all kinds of personal care products. Parabene Product description Parabens - esters of the para-hydroxybenzoic acid, are used as preservatives for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics as well as food applications due to their effective antibacterial and fungicidal properties. The grades comply to different pharmaceutical standards as EP, BP or USP. More products available upon request. INCI CAS Methyl Paraben 99-76-3 Sodium Methyl Paraben 5026-62-0 Propyl Paraben 94-13-3 Sodium Propyl Paraben 35285-69-9 Ethyl Paraben 120-47-8 Sodium Ethyl Paraben 35285-68-8 Butyl Paraben 94-26-8 Preservative for the cosmetic industry. Sodium Ethyl p-Hydroxybenzoate, designed for preservation of a wide range of cosmetics and toiletries. Sodium Ethyl Paraben is suitable to preserve both rinse- off and leave- on formulations. Formulations which are prone to bacteria contamination an additional antibacterial preservative might be necessary to add as it provides a higher efficacy against fungi than against bacteria. Sodium Ethyl Paraben is broad spectrum antimicrobial agent designed for preservation of a wide range of cosmetics, toiletries pharmaceuticals. Sodium Ethyl Paraben is suitable to preserve both rinse- off and leave- on formulations. Sodium Ethyl Paraben is effective against bacteria, molds and yeast. Sodium Ethyl Paraben's usage level to preserve most product types is normally in the range of 0.1- 0.3 % based on the total weight of the finished product. Sodium Ethyl Paraben is soluble in cold water for ease; No heating stage required for incorporation, thus saving energy and plant occupancy; Increased antimicrobial activity at alkaline pH.pH stability; remains fully stable over a wide pH range from 3.0- 11.0. Aqueous solutions are not long- term stable at alkaline pH.max. temperature 80°C. This substance is one of the parabens family. Parabens are esters formed by p-hydroxybenzoic acid and an alcohol. They are largely used as biocides in cosmetics and toiletries, medicaments, or food. They have synergistic power with biocides. Parabens can induce allergic contact dermatitis, mainly in chronic dermatitis and wounded skin. • p-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester sodium salt • SODIUM ETHYL-P-HYDROXYBENZOATE • SODIUM ETHYL 4-HYDROXYBENZOATE • sodium 4-ethoxycarbonylphenoxide • benzoicacid,4-hydroxy-,ethylester,sodiumsalt • Benzoicacid,p-hydroxy-,ethylester,sodiumderiv. • ETHYL-P-HYDROXYBENZOATE SODIUM SALT • ETHYL-4-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID SODIUM SALT • ETHYL 4-HYDROXYBENZOATE SODIUM SALT • 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester sodium salt • SODIUM ETHYLPARABEN • EthylParabenSodium • ETHYL4-HYDROBENZOATESODIUMSALT • BENZOICACID,PARA-HYDROXY-,ETHYLESTER,SODIUMSALT • 4-(Sodiooxy)benzoic acid ethyl ester • 4-Sodiooxybenzoic acid ethyl ester • p-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester sodium salt,sodium salt • Sodium 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)phenolate • Benzoic acid,4-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, sodiuM salt (1:1) • Sodium Ethyl-p-hydroxyl Benzoate • 35285-68-8 • Sodium 4-(ethoxycarbonyl) • p-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester sodium salt fandachem • odium 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)phenolate • 35285-68-8 • C9H9O3Na • Benzoic acid Series • Aromatic Esters Ethyl Paraben Sodium - Names and Identifiers Name p-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester sodium salt,sodium salt Synonyms p-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester sodium salt SODIUM ETHYL-P-HYDROXYBENZOATE SODIUM ETHYL 4-HYDROXYBENZOATE sodium 4-ethoxycarbonylphenoxide benzoicacid,4-hydroxy-,ethylester,sodiumsalt Benzoicacid,p-hydroxy-,ethylester,sodiumderiv. ETHYL-P-HYDROXYBENZOATE SODIUM SALT ETHYL-4-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID SODIUM SALT sodium salt Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate,sodium salt Sodium Ethylparaben Ethyl Paraben Sodium sodium 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)phenolate benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, sodium salt (1:1) Ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate sodium Parabens are a family of related ingredients commonly used as preservatives in cosmetics and personal care products. They help prevent the growth of harmful bacteria and mold, protecting both products and consumers. Parabens are highly effective and widely used preservatives that enhance the shelf life and safety of products including all types of cosmetics, as well as foods and drugs, and protect the families who trust and enjoy them. The most commonly used parabens in cosmetics are methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben. Paraben preservatives all share para-hydroxybenzoic acid, or PHBA, as a common chemical structure. PHBA occurs naturally in many fruits and vegetables. The parabens used in cosmetics are identical to those found in nature, and are quickly eliminated by the body. Any product that contains water is susceptible to being spoiled by the growth of fungi or bacteria, which could cause problems such as discoloration, malodor, or breakdown of the product. Under certain conditions, an inadequately preserved product can become contaminated, allowing harmful levels of microorganisms to grow. Parabens are highly effective preservatives that protect products against such changes, thus enhancing the shelf life and safety of products, and have been used safely for decades. Ethylparaben, also known as e-214 or aseptin a, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as p-hydroxybenzoic acid alkyl esters. These are aromatic compounds containing a benzoic acid, which is esterified with an alkyl group and para-substituted with a hydroxyl group. It is used as an antifungal preservative. Sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate, the sodium salt of ethylparaben, has the same uses and is given the E number E215. Ethylparaben is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Its formula is HO-C6H4-CO-O-CH2CH3. Ethylparaben is a mild and phenolic tasting compound. Outside of the human body, ethylparaben has been detected, but not quantified in, alcoholic beverages. This could make ethylparaben a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Ethylparaben (ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate) is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. Ethylparaben is a potentially toxic compound. As a food additive, it has E number E214. This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide general notes on our products and their uses. It should not therefore be construed as guaranteeing specific properties of the products described on their suitability for a particular application. Any existing industrial property rights must be observed. The quality of our products is guaranteed under our General Conditions of Sale.
SODIUM ETHYL P-HYDROXYBENZOATE (SODIUM ETHYL PARABEN)
Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate; 2-Ethylhexylsulfate, sodium salt; ALKOHOLSULFAT, NA-SALZ I-C8; Sodium (2-ethylhexyl) alcohol sulfate; sodium (2-ethylhexyl) sulfate; Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate; SODIUM ETHYLHEXYL SULFATE, N° CAS : 126-92-1, Nom INCI : SODIUM ETHYLHEXYL SULFATE. Nom chimique : Sodium etasulfate. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 204-812-8. Classification : Sulfate Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile). Hydrotrope : Augmente la solubilité d'une substance qui est peu soluble dans l'eau. Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation. Noms français : Ethalsulfate de sodium; ETHALSULFATE SODIQUE; ETHASULFATE SODIUM; ETHYL-2 HEXYLSULFATE DE SODIUM. Noms anglais : 2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL SODIUM SULFATE ; 2-ETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFATE; SODIUM 2-ETHYLHEXYL SULFATE; SODIUM ETASULFATE; SODIUM ETHASULFATE; SULFURIC ACID, MONO(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER, SODIUM SALT; Sodium etasulfate. CAS names: Sulfuric acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt (1:1). : 2-ethylhexyl hydrogen sulfate; 2-ethylhexyl hydrogen sulfate; sodium; 2-Ethylhexylsulfate, sodium salt; ALKOHOLSULFAT, NA-SALZ I-C8; Sodium (2-ethylhexyl) alcohol sulfate; sodium (2-ethylhexyl) sulfate; Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate; sodium etasulphate; sodium ethasulfate; Sodium-2-ethylhexyl sulphate; Sodium-2-ethylhexylsulphate; sodium;2-ethylhexyl sulfate; Sulfuric acid,mono(2-ethylhexyl)ester,sodium salt; 126-92-1 [RN]; 12838560LI 1487; 204-812-8 [EINECS]; 2-Ethylhexyl sulfate sodium salt; 5177087; étasulfate de sodium ; etasulfato de sodio [Spanish] ; MFCD00042047 [MDL number]; MP0700000; natrii etasulfas [Latin] ; Natrium-2-ethylhexylsulfat [German] ; Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate; sodium etasulfate; sodium ethasulfate; Sulfate de sodium et de 2-éthylhexyle [French] ; sulfuric acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester, sodium salt; Sulfuric acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester, sodium salt (1:1); tergemist; UNII:12838560LI; натрия этасульфат [Russian] ; إيتاسولفات صوديوم [Arabic]; 依他硫酸钠 [Chinese]; 11099-08-4 secondary RN [RN] ; 1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt; 1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, sulfate, sodium salt; 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol hydrogen sulfate sodium salt; 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sodium sulfate; 2-ethyl-1-hexanol sulfate sodium salt; 2-ethylhexyl hydroxysulfonate, sodium salt; 2-Ethylhexyl sodium sulfate; 2-Ethylhexylsiran sodny [Czech]; 2-Ethylhexylsulfate sodium; 2-Ethylhexylsulphate,sodium salt 75037-31-9 secondary RN [RN]; ammonium 2-ethylhexyl sulphate; Avirol SA 4106; Carsonol SHS; emcol d 5-10; emersal 6465; Etasulfate de sodium [French]; Etasulfato sodico [Spanish] ; Ethasulfate sodium; Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt; Lugalvan TC-EHS; Lutensit TC-EHS; Mono(2-ethylhexyl) sulfate sodium salt; mono(2-ethylhexyl)sulfate sodium salt ; Newcol 1000SN; nia proof 08; Niaproof ; Niaproof 08; Nissan Sintrex EHR; pentrone on; propaste 6708; Rewopol NEHS 40; Rhodapon BOS; Sinolin SO 35; Sintrex EHR; sipex bos ;Sodium (2-Ethylhexyl)Alcohol Sulfate; sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulphate; Sodium Ethylhexyl Sulfate; Sodium mono(2-ethylhexyl) sulfate; Sodium octyl sulfate, iso-; Sodium(2-ethylhexyl)alcohol sulfate ; sodium; sulfuric acid 2-ethylhexyl ester; sodium-2-ethylhexyl sulfate; sodium2-ethylhexylsulfate; sodiumisooctylsulfate; Sole Tege TS 25; Sulfuric Acid Mono(2-ethylhexyl) Ester Sodium Salt ; Sulfuric acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt; Supralate SP; Tergimist; tergitol 08; Tergitol anionic 08; Tergitol-8; Tergitol-8|Niaproof-8|Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate; Texapon 842; Texapon 890; Witcolate D 5-10. Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate is a low-foaming anionic surfactant with excellent wetting properties and outstanding stability in highly electrolyte, alkaline and acidic systems. It is a profound hydrotropic and wetting agent suitable for use in the production of liquid detergents for household and industrial use such as hard-surface cleaners and alkaline and acid metal degreasers. Owing to its wetting and penetrating properties Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate is used as a mercerizing agent in textile industry, in metal galvanization, pickling and brightening, in lye washing and peeling solutions for fruits and vegetables, in fountain solutions for offset printing, wallpaper removal solutions etc. Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate uses and applications include: Wetting agent for electroplating baths, alkaline textile processing aids, industrial cleaners; coemulsifier for polymerization; viscous control in adhesives; food packaging adhesives; in paperpaperboard in contact with aqueousfatty foods; surfactant, detergent, wetting agent, emulsifier, penetrant, stabilizer for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, household and industrial cleaners, metal cleaning, paints, plastics, rubber, food packaging and processing, adhesives; washinglye peeling of fruits and vegetables. product carries excellent wetting, spreading and hydrotropic proterties. This material can tolorate alkanline condition. Sodium Ethylhexyl Sulfate is mainly applied as wetting agent in alkaline solutions such as in the textile industry. Sodium Ethylhexyl Sulfate can also be added to the aerosol fulmulated product as the spreading agent. Also the material can be used as the hydrotropic agent.
SODIUM ETHYLHEXYL SULFATE ( ETHYL-2 HEXYLSULFATE DE SODIUM) Sulfate de sodium et de 2-éthylhexyle
cas no 120-47-87 Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Sodium ethylp-hydroxybenzoate; Sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate;
SODIUM ETHYLPARABEN
Ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate; SODIUM ETHYLPARABEN, N° CAS : 35285-68-8. Nom INCI : SODIUM ETHYLPARABEN. Nom chimique : Sodium 4-ethoxycarbonylphenoxide; N° EINECS/ELINCS : 252-487-6; Classification : Paraben, Perturbateur endocrinien suspecté, Règlementé, Conservateur. Ses fonctions (INCI) : Conservateur : Inhibe le développement des micro-organismes dans les produits cosmétiques.4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, ethyl ester, sodium salt; Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, sodium salt; Benzoic acid, p-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, sodium deriv.; Ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, sodium salt ; Ethylparaben sodium; Ethylparaben, sodium salt; Sodium 4-ethoxycarbonylphenoxide; Sodium ethylparaben. CAS names : Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, sodium salt (1:1); : Ethyl-4-hydroxybenzoat, Natriumsalz; Ethyl-4-hydroxybenzoat, sodium salt; p-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester sodium salt; sodium 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)benzen-1-olate; sodium 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)phenolate; sodium;4-ethoxycarbonylphenolate; Sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate; 252-487-6 [EINECS]; 35285-68-8 [RN]; 4-(Éthoxycarbonyl)phénolate de sodium [French] ; Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, sodium salt (1:1) ; E215; ETHYLPARABEN SODIUM; Natrium-4-(ethoxycarbonyl)phenolat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; p-hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester sodium salt; Sodium 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)phenolate [ACD/IUPAC Name]; Sodium ethylparaben Z0D00IVA10 [35285-68-8] 4-ethoxycarbonylphenolate 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, ethyl ester, sodium salt 5026-62-0 [RN] Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, sodium salt Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, methyl ester, sodium salt BENZOIC ACID, p-HYDROXY-, ETHYL ESTER, SODIUM DERIV. BENZOIC ACID, p-HYDROXY-, METHYL ESTER, SODIUM DERIV. Bonomold OMNa EINECS 225-714-1 EINECS 252-487-6 Ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, sodium salt ETHYL4-HYDROXYBENZOATESODIUMSALT Ethylparaben sodium salt Ethylparaben, sodium salt Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate sodium salt METHYL P-HYDROXYBENZOATE, SODIUM SALT Methylparaben sodium [NF] Methylparaben sodium (NF) Methylparaben sodium [USAN] [USAN] methylparaben, sodium salt MFCD00016475 [MDL number] NIPASEPT SODIUM Preserval MS Sodium [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki] sodium 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)benzen-1-olate SODIUM 4-(ETHOXYCARBONYL)BENZENOLATE Sodium 4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenolate [ACD/IUPAC Name] sodium 4-carbethoxyphenolate sodium 4-carbomethoxyphenolate sodium 4-ethoxycarbonylphenolate Sodium 4-ethoxycarbonylphenoxide sodium 4-methoxycarbonylphenolate sodium and 4-ethoxycarbonylphenolate SODIUM ETHYL PARABEN Sodium Ethyl Parahydroxybenzoate Sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, tech. Sodium methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate Sodium methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Sodium methylparaben Sodium p-methoxycarbonylphenoxide Sodium, (p-carboxyphenoxy)-, methyl ester (7CI) sodium;4-ethoxycarbonylphenolate Solparol ST5405340 UNII:Z0D00IVA10 UNII-F57SQP06GK UNII-Z0D00IVA10
SODIUM FLUORIDE
Sodium fluoride, NaF, is a binary salt that is a clear, lustrous crystal or white powder.
The insecticide grade is frequently dyed blue.
Sodium fluoride is soluble in water and has a specific gravity of 2.558, which is heavier than water.

CAS: 7681-49-4
MF: FNa
MW: 41.99
EINECS: 231-667-8

Sodium fluoride is highly toxic by ingestion and inhalation, and is also strongly irritating to tissue.
The TLV is 2.5 mg/m3 of air.
The four-digit UN identification number is 1690.
The primary uses are fluoridation of municipal water at 1 ppm, as an insecticide, rodenticide, and fungicide, and in toothpastes and disinfectants.
Sodium fluoride is an inorganic compound with the formula NaF.
Sodium fluoride is a colorless or white solid that is readily soluble in water.
Sodium fluoride is used in trace amounts in the fluoridation of drinking water to prevent tooth decay, and in toothpastes and topical pharmaceuticals for the same purpose.
In 2020, Sodium fluoride was the 265th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.
Sodium fluoride is also used in metallurgy and in medical imaging.

Sodium fluoride is a colorless crystalline solid or white powder, or the solid dissolved in a liquid.
Sodium fluoride is formed by the reaction of sodium carbonate and hydrofluoric acid.
Sodium fluoride is soluble in water.
Sodium fluoride is noncombustible.
Sodium fluoride is corrosive to aluminum.
Sodium fluoride is used as an insecticide.
Sodium fluoride is also used to fluorinate water supplies, as a wood preservative, in cleaning compounds, manufacture of glass, and for many other uses.

Chemical structure
Sodium fluoride is an inorganic ionic compound, dissolving in water to give separated Na+ and F− ions.
Like sodium chloride, it crystallizes in a cubic motif where both Na+ and F− occupy octahedral coordination sites; its lattice spacing, approximately 462 pm, is smaller than that of sodium chloride (564 pm).

Sodium fluoride Chemical Properties
Melting point: 993 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 1700 °C
Density: 1.02 g/mL at 20 °C
Vapor pressure: 1.4 mm Hg ( 0 °C)
Refractive index: 1.336
Fp: 1704°C
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility H2O: 0.5 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
Form: powder
Color: White to off-white
Specific Gravity: 2.558
PH: 7.0-10.0 (25℃, 0.5M in H2O)
Odor: Odorless
Water Solubility: 4 g/100 mL (25 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,8618
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 2.5 mg/m3
NIOSH: IDLH 250 mg/m3; TWA 2.5 mg/m3
Stability: Stable. Hydrolyzed by water. Reacts with mineral acids to generate highly toxic hydrogen fluoride.
Incompatible with glass.
CAS DataBase Reference: 7681-49-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Sodium fluoride(7681-49-4)
EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium fluoride (7681-49-4)

Sodium fluoride is colorless crystals or shiny white powder, belongs to tetragonal system, is positive hexahedral or octahedral crystals.
Sodium fluoride is slightly soluble in alcohol, soluble in water.
Aqueous solution is acidic.
Sodium fluoride dissolves in hydrofluoric acid to form sodium hydrogen fluoride.
White or almost white powder or colourless crystals.
Sodium fluoride is a white powder or colorless crystals.
Often used in a solution.
Pesticide grade is often dyed blue.

Physical properties
Colorless cubic or tetragonal crystals; density 2.78 g/cm3; melts at 993°C; vaporizes at 1,695°C; moderately soluble in water 4.22 g/100mL at 18°C; soluble in hydrofluoric acid; insoluble in ethanol.

Uses
Fluoride salts are often added to municipal drinking water (as well as to certain food products in some countries) for the purpose of maintaining dental health.
The fluoride enhances the strength of teeth by the formation of fluorapatite, a naturally occurring component of tooth enamel.
Although sodium fluoride is used to fluoridate water and is the standard by which other water-fluoridation compounds are gauged, hexafluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6) and its salt sodium hexafluorosilicate (Na2SiF6) are more commonly used additives in the United States.

Sodium fluoride, formed by reaction of sodium carbonate and hydrofluoric acid, and then evaporating.
Used (1) as an antiseptic and antifermentative in alcohol distilleries,
(2) as a food preservative,
(3) as a poison for rats and roaches,
(4) as a constituent of ceramic enamels and fluxes; sodium hydrogen fluoride, sodium difluoride, sodium acid fluoride, NaHF2, white solid, soluble, formed by reaction of sodium carbonate and excess hydrofluoric acid, and then evaporating.
Used (1) as an antiseptic,
(2) for etching glass,
(3) as a food preservative,
(4) for preserving zoological specimens.

Sodium fluoride (NaF), in the concentration of one ppm, is added to municipal drinking water to help reduce tooth decay.
Sodium fluoride is also used as an insecticide, fungicide, and rodenticide, as well as in the manufacture of adhesives, disinfectants, and dental products.
As insecticide, particularly for roaches and ants; in other pesticide formulations; constituent of vitreous enamel and glass mixes; as a steel degassing agent; in electroplating; in fluxes; in heat-treating salt compositions; in the fluoridation of drinking water; for disinfecting fermentation apparatus in breweries and distilleries; preserving wood, pastes and mucilage; manufacture of coated paper; frosting glass; in removal of HF from exhaust gases to reduce air pollution.
Dental caries prophylactic.

1.Sodium fluoride is mainly used as Inlaid steel for mechanical blade and planer to enhance weld strength.
Secondly, Sodium fluoride is used as wood preservatives, fungicides in brewing industry, agricultural pesticides (should be infected with blue), medical preservatives, welding flux, fluorine agent for drinking water.
Also used for producing other fluoride and casein glue, sodium fluoride toothpaste, as adhesives, also used in paper and metallurgical industries.
In the production of elemental fluorine, Sodium fluoride is used for removing trace amounts of hydrogen fluoride.
In addition, Sodium fluoride is also used in enamels and pharmaceutical industries.

2.Sodium fluoride is used as disinfectants, preservatives, pesticides, also used in enamel, wood preservation, medicine, metallurgy, manufacturing of fluorides and so on.
3.Used for determination of scandium in microanalysis, determination of phosphorus in photoelectric colorimetric analysis, used as reagent, the masking agents, preservatives of iron and steel.
4.As food supplements.
According to Chinese regulations for salt, the maximum usage is 0.1g/kg.
5.Sodium fluoride is used as wood preservatives, pharmaceutical preservative, welding flux and used in paper industry, this company's products are specific level toothpastes, can also be used as purifying agent for drinking water, and used for hides and skin processing in tanning industry, for smelting and refining of light metal, and protection layer of light metal, for adhesive corrosion, and manufacturing boiling steel.

6.Sodium fluoride is used as the Phosphate accelerator in coating industry, makes phosphating solution stability, phosphate refinement, improves the performance of phosphate coating. Aluminum and its alloys phosphate can close negative catalytic Al3 + of great danger, and make phosphating smoothly.
Sodium fluoride is used as wood preservatives, agricultural pesticides, fungicides in brewing industry, pharmaceutical preservative, welding flux, alkaline zincate zinc additives and enamel, paper and so on.

Osteoporosis
Fluoride supplementation has been extensively studied for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
This supplementation does not appear to be effective; even though sodium fluoride increases bone density, Sodium fluoride does not decrease the risk of fractures.

Medical imaging
In medical imaging, fluorine-18-labelled sodium fluoride (USP, sodium fluoride F18) is one of the oldest tracers used in positron emission tomography (PET), having been in use since the 1960s.
Relative to conventional bone scintigraphy carried out with gamma cameras or SPECT systems, PET offers more sensitivity and spatial resolution.
Fluorine-18 has a half-life of 110 min, which requires Sodium fluoride to be used promptly once produced; this logistical limitation hampered its adoption in the face of the more convenient technetium-99m-labelled radiopharmaceuticals.
However fluorine-18 is generally considered to be a superior radiopharmaceutical for skeletal imaging.
In particular Sodium fluoride has a high and rapid bone uptake accompanied by very rapid blood clearance, which results in a high bone-to-background ratio in a short time.
Additionally the annihilation photons produced by decay of 18F have a high energy of 511 keV compared to the 140 keV photons of 99mTc.

Chemistry
Sodium fluoride has a variety of specialty chemical applications in synthesis and extractive metallurgy.
Sodium fluoride reacts with electrophilic chlorides including acyl chlorides, sulfur chlorides, and phosphorus chloride.
Like other fluorides, sodium fluoride finds use in desilylation in organic synthesis.
Sodium fluoride can be used to produce fluorocarbons via the Finkelstein reaction; this process has the advantage of being simple to perform on a small scale but is rarely used on an industrial scale due to the existence of more effective techniques.

Biology
Sodium fluoride is sometimes added at relatively high concentrations (~20 mM) to protein lysis buffers in order to inhibit endogenous phosphatases and thereby protect phosphorylated protein sites.
Sodium pyrophosphate and Sodium orthovanadate are also used for this purpose.

Other uses
Sodium fluoride is used as a cleaning agent (e.g., as a "laundry sour").
Sodium fluoride can be used in a nuclear molten salt reactor.
Over a century ago, Nsodium fluoride was used as a stomach poison for plant-feeding insects.
Inorganic fluorides such as fluorosilicates and sodium fluoride complex magnesium ions as magnesium fluorophosphate.
They inhibit enzymes such as enolase that require Mg2+ as a prosthetic group.
Thus, fluoride poisoning prevents phosphate transfer in oxidative metabolism.

Clinical Use
Sodium fluoride (NaF) promotes the proliferation and activity of osteoblasts and is classified as a nonhormonal bone-forming agent.
Because treatment with NaF induces bone formation, it is essential that this therapy be coupled with oral calcium supplementation (1,000 mg/day).
Additionally, NaF exhibits moderate antiresorptive activity, because it inhibits osteoclastic activity when Sodium fluoride is absorbed into the bone matrix.
In the treatment of osteoporosis, the therapeutic window for this agent is fairly narrow: Doses less than 45 mg/day are subtherapeutic, and doses in excess of 75 mg/day impair bone mineralization.
In addition, the bone that is formed in the presence of NaF is neither as well mineralized nor as strong as normal bone tissue.

Industrial uses
Sodium fluoride is a white to yellowish powder, poorly soluble in water.
The NaF solubility in water is 3.85% at 15 °C and 4.21% at 25 °C.
Commercially, NaF is obtained by reacting hydrofluoric acid with sodium hydroxide.
This reaction is a by-product during the production of superphosphates from fluoro-apatite.
Sodium fluoride is an important depressant used exclusively during beneficiation of non-sulfide minerals, as well as the rare-earth minerals as a depressant alone or in combination with other depressants.
Sodium fluoride is used together with starch as co-depressant for rutile and ilmenite during zirconium– titanium separation or during reverse silicate flotation from rutile and ilmenite with cationic collectors.
Although Sodium fluoride is believed that Na2F is a silicate depressant, studies have shown that it does not depress silicate minerals.
In fact, Sodium fluoride improves depression of oxides and silicates when used with other depressants.

Application in toothpaste
Sodium fluoride was added to toothpaste which can play against dental caries, since enamel interacts with fluoride to form fluorapatite on the enamel surface, which improves the hardness and acid resistance of enamel, and reduces formation of plaque, reduces the incidence of dental caries.
Fluoride toothpaste does have some anti-caries effects.
As early as the mid-19th century, pregnant women took orally calcium fluoride for anti-caries in Europe.
In the 20th century, fluoride is recognized worldwide as an effective anti-caries agent.
Usually in fluoride toothpaste, the content of sodium fluoride is 0.22-0.33%, the content of sodium monofluorophosphate is 0.76%.

Although small amount, Sodium fluoride has a good protective effect on people's teeth, can reduce the caries prevalence rate of 28%.
According to different content of fluoride in toothpaste, fluoride toothpaste is divided into the following categories: sodium fluoride toothpaste, monofluorophosphate toothpaste, stannous fluoride toothpaste, amine fluoride toothpaste and so on.
Currently the most common fluoride toothpaste on the market are sodium fluoride toothpaste and monofluorophosphate dentifrice, or double fluorine toothpaste containing both sodium fluoride and sodium monofluorophosphate.
Different types of fluoride toothpastes, and whether the toothpastes contain single fluorine or double fluorides, their effects of anti-caries are the same.

Production
NaF is prepared by neutralizing hydrofluoric acid or hexafluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6), both byproducts of the reaction of fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F) from phosphate rock during the production of superphosphate fertilizer.
Neutralizing agents include sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.
Alcohols are sometimes used to precipitate the NaF:

HF + NaOH → NaF + H2O
From solutions containing HF, sodium fluoride precipitates as the bifluoride salt sodium bifluoride (NaHF2).
Heating the latter releases HF and gives NaF.

HF + NaF ⇌ NaHF2
In a 1986 report, the annual worldwide consumption of NaF was estimated to be several million tonnes.

Production method
Melt immersion method
Calcine the fluorite, quartz sand and soda ash at high temperature (800~900 ℃), followed by water leaching, and then by evaporation, crystallization, drying to prepare products.
CaF2 + Na2CO3 + SiO2 → 2NaF + CaSi03 + C02 ↑

Neutralizational process
Sodium fluoride is derived from neutralization of soda ash or caustic soda with hydrofluoric acid,
2HF + Na2CO3 → 2NaF + H2O + CO2 ↑
Dissolve soda in the pot liquor, and then add 30% hydrofluoric acid to neutralize to a pH value of 8-9, until CO2 gas evolution, hydrofluoric acid often contains fluosilicate impurities, and after neutralization to generate sodium fluosilicate, heating for 1h at 90~95 ℃, sodium fluosilicate decomposes:
Na2SiF6 + 2Na2CO3 → 6NaF + SiO2 + 2C02 ↑
And during the process of neutralization, pH value is not less than 8, otherwise sodium fluoride is difficult to decompose by base, and neutralization solution is allowed to stand for 1h, serum is cooled and concentrated to precipitate sodium fluoride crystals and then separated by centrifugation, drying, crushing to obtain products.

Sodium fluosilicate method
As the byproduct of the wet process of phosphoric acid and phosphate fertilizer, fluosilicic acid may prepare 99.87% sodium fluoride by conventional methods.
The reaction lasts 160~180min at 84~95 ℃ and 0.15MPa conditions, with an excess of 5% to 8% alkaline solution (pH value 8-9) to prepare sodium fluoride.
Na2SiF6 + 2Na2Co3 → 6NaF + SiO2 + 2C02 ↑
After standing and clarification of neutralization solution, the supernatant was concentrated by evaporation, cooling crystallization, after separation, wash with hot water of 50~60 ℃, indirectly dry to obtain products.

Toxicity
Sodium fluoride is an acute toxicant.
Ingestion of large quantites (5 to 10g) can cause death in humans.
Smaller quantities can produce nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stupor, and weakness.
Other symptoms are tremor, muscular weakness, and dyspnea. Mottling of teeth can occur from chronic exposure.

Biochem/physiol Actions
Sodium fluoride (NaF) prevents dental caries, by catalysing the diffusion of calcium and phosphate and remineralizes the lesions.
Fluoride affects spermatogenesis and capacitation process in the female reproductive tract.
Fluoride induces oxidative stress, DNA damage in ovary ultimately affects the development of oocytes.
Fluoride supplementation enhances bone mineral density.
18F-NaF is a radiotracer used in positron emission tomography (PET) to identify atherosclerotic lesions and other cardiac plaques.

Health Hazard
The acute toxicity of fluorides is generally moderate.
High exposures may cause irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract.
Ingestion of fluoride may cause a salty or soapy taste, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, shortness of breath, difficulty in speaking, thirst, weak pulse, disturbed color vision, muscular weakness, convulsions, loss of consciousness, and death.
In humans the approximate lethal dose of NaF by ingestion is 5 g.
Repeated inhalation of fluoride dust may cause excessive calcification of the bone and calcification of ligaments of the ribs, pelvis, and spinal column.
Repeated skin contact may cause a rash Fluorides have not been shown to be carcinogenic or to show reproductive or developmental toxicity in humans.
Ingestion may cause vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, convulsions, collapse, thirst, disturbed color vision, acute toxic nephritis.

Synonyms
sodium fluoride
7681-49-4
Zymafluor
Fluoride, sodium
Florocid
Pediaflor
Pergantene
Ossin
Sodium fluoride (NaF)
Sodium flouride
duraphat
Fluonatril
Fluorident
Fluorigard
Antibulit
Floridine
Fluoraday
Fluorinse
Fluorol
Flursol
Karidium
Koreberon
Liquiflur
Ossalin
Xaridium
Flura
Luride
Roach salt
Flura Drops
Osteopor-F
T-Fluoride
Fungol B
Les-Cav
Sodium monofluoride
Sodium hydrofluoride
Chemifluor
Flozenges
Fluorineed
Fluoritab
Fluorocid
Flurcare
Flurexal
Gelution
Iradicav
Lemoflur
Pedident
Pennwhite
Studafluor
Villiaumite
Karigel
Nafeen
Nufluor
Predent
Rafluor
sodium;fluoride
Credo
Gleem
Fluorid sodny
Flux
Sodium fluorure
Rescue squad
Alcoa sodium fluoride
NaFpak
Cavi-trol
Flura-gel
Flura-loz
Kari-rinse
Na frinse
Natrium fluoride
Point two
Super-dent
Thera-flur
Neutra Care
Minute-Gel
Luride lozi-tabs
Phos-Flur
Stay-Flo
Fluor-O-kote
Luride SF
Luride-SF
Thera-flur-N
Lea-Cov
Fluorure de sodium
SO-Flo
Trisodium trifluoride
Dentalfluoro
Sodium fluoride (Na2F2)
Apoflux
Duofluorid
Ethedent
F1-Tabs
Zooby
Caswell No. 769
Sodium fluoride cyclic dimer
Natrum fluoratum
GEL II
Sodium fluoride [ISO]
Disodium difluoride
NCI-C55221
FDA 0101
fluoros
osteofluor
Fluorid sodny [Czech]
Sodium fluoride, solid (DOT)
CCRIS 1573
Fludent
Prevident 5000 Plus
CHEBI:28741
HSDB 1766
Natrii fluoridum
Sodium fluorure [French]
Fluor-A-day
EINECS 231-667-8
NAF
Fluorure de sodium [French]
NSC 77385
NSC-77385
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 075202
UNII-8ZYQ1474W7
Fluoride (as sodium)
AI3-01500
Sodium fluoride, solid
Fluorure de sodium [ISO-French]
Neutral Sodium Fluoride
8ZYQ1474W7
MFCD00003524
UN1690
CHEMBL1528
Sodium fluoride [USP:JAN]
Sodium fluoride [USAN:JAN]
Fluoride (as sodium fluoride)
DTXSID2020630
EC 231-667-8
NSC77385
F-Na
COLGATE TOTAL COMPONENT SODIUM FLUORIDE
SODIUM FLUORIDE COMPONENT OF COLGATE TOTAL
SODIUM FLUORIDE (MART.)
SODIUM FLUORIDE [MART.]
Sodium Fluorides
SODIUM FLUORIDE (EP MONOGRAPH)
SODIUM FLUORIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]
SODIUM FLUORIDE (USP MONOGRAPH)
SODIUM FLUORIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Fluorides, Sodium
Dentiplus
Sodium fiuoride
Fluorigard Daily
c avi-trol
Fluor Ret
na fri nse
Point-Two
Fluorigard Weekly
NaFril Ret
Fluorinse (TN)
En-De-Kay
Pediaflor; Zymafluor
Sodium fluoride (ACN
SDF (CHRIS Code)
FMg3O11Si4.Na
Sodium fluoride (as F)
Fluoruro de sodio (naf)
D02IUD
D03NFF
Sodium Fluoride ACS Grade
WLN: NA F
F-Mg3-O11-Si4.Na
Sodium fluoride (JAN/USP)
s odium fluoride cyclic dimer
SODIUM FLUORIDE [MI]
DTXCID20630
SODIUM FLUORIDE [JAN]
SODIUM FLUORIDE [HSDB]
SODIUM FLUORIDE [INCI]
NATRUM FLUORATUM [HPUS]
SODIUM FLUORIDE [VANDF]
SODIUM FLUORIDE [USP-RS]
SODIUM FLUORIDE [WHO-DD]
SODIUM FLUORIDE [WHO-IP]
SODIUM FLUORIDE, (SOLID)
PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M
SODIUM FLUORIDE, 99.9%
AMY37012
HY-B1766
BDBM50209223
NA1690
UN3415
SODIUM FLUORIDE [ORANGE BOOK]
AKOS024438093
FLUORIDE (AS SODIUM) [VANDF]
Sodium fluoride [UN1690] [Poison]
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 75202
CS-5131
DB09325
LS-1705
NATRII FLUORIDUM [WHO-IP LATIN]
Sodium fluoride [UN1690] [Poison]
Sodium fluoride, 99.995% (metals basis)
FT-0645095
FT-0688141
FLUORIDE (AS SODIUM FLUORIDE) [VANDF]
C08142
D00943
P00019
Sodium Fluoride, Trace metals grade, 99.99%
A838842
Q407520
Sodium fluoride, 99.99% (metals basis), 3-6mm pieces
SODIUM FORMALDEHYDE SULFOXYLATE
Oxidation reation of Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate with chlorite has been studied in the pH range 4-8.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is a sulfur-containing reducing agent.
When freshly prepared, Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate occurs as white, odorless crystals, which quickly develop a characteristic garlic odor on standing.

CAS: 6035-47-8
MF: CH7NaO4S
MW: 138.11
EINECS: 611-965-8

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is a chemical compound with the molecular formula Na+HOCH2SO2−.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate has many additional names, including Rongalit, sodium hydroxymethylsulfinate, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, and Bruggolite.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is listed in the European Cosmetics Directive as sodium oxymethylene sulfoxylate (INCI).
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is water-soluble and generally sold as the dihydrate.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate and its derivatives are widely used in the dye industry.
The structure of Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate has been confirmed by X-ray crystallography.

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate Chemical Properties
Melting point: 64-68 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.8 g/cm3 (20℃)
Vapor pressure: 2.68 hPa (20 °C)
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility alcohol: slightly soluble(lit.)
Form: powder to crystal
Color: White to Almost white
PH: 9.5-10.5 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
CAS DataBase Reference: 6035-47-8 (CAS DataBase Reference)

The chemical product is white crystal.
Soluble in water.
Insoluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate has strong reducibility at high temperature.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate has fading performance.
Decompose at high temperature to produce formaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide and other toxic gases.
When Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate encounters dilute acid, it decomposes, and its solution is neutral.
Anhydrous melting point 63~64 ℃.
The surface density is 1.80~1.85g/cm3.

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate (chemical formula: CH3NaO3S), commonly known as hanging white block, carving white powder, carving white powder C, is an adduct formed by formaldehyde and sodium sulfoxylate.

Uses
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is a versatile reagent that can be used for a wide range of organic transformations such as:
A SO2-2anion source for the preparation of sulfones and sultines.
Debromination of vicinal dibromoalkanes.
Reductive dehalogenation of aldehydes and ketones.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is a water-soluble antioxidant and is generally used as the dihydrate.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is used in the formulation of injection products at a level of up to 0.1% w/v in the final preparation administered to the patient.

The original use of Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate was as industrial bleaching agent and as a reducing agent for vat dyeing.
Another large-scale use is as a reducing agent in redox-initiator systems for emulsion polymerization.
One of the typical redox pair examples is t-butyl peroxide.
A niche use is its use as water conditioner for aquaria as it rapidly reduces chlorine and chloramine and reacts with ammonia to form the innocuous aminomethylsulfinate ion.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is also used as an antioxidant in pharmaceutical formulation.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate has been used increasingly in commercial cosmetic hair dye colour removers despite the generation of formaldehyde, a known human carcinogen.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate has a variety of specialized applications in organic synthesis.

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is used in the printing and dyeing industry as a white pulling agent, reducing agent, bleaching agent and the production of indigo dye, vat dye.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate can also be used in the polymerization of synthetic rubber, sugar and ethylene compounds.

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is mainly used in the printing and dyeing industry as a dyeing agent, a coloring agent, a reducing agent, and as an activator for styrene-butadiene rubber and synthetic resin.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is also used for the decolorization and bleaching of some organic substances (such as: synthetic rubber, sugar, and food industry as bleaching agent), under certain conditions It can be used instead of hydrosulfite.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate cannot be used for bleaching imported food.
A carved white pieces (powder, grain) are easy to be affected with damp and exothermic, and begin to decompose at 80 ℃ to release H2S, which needs to be dried and stored at low temperature.
6 NaHSO2 · CH2O + 3H2O -& rarr; 4NaHSO3 + 2HCOONa + 2H2S + HCOOH + 3CH3OH B. When the temperature rises to 110 ℃, the carved white pieces (powder and particles) are completely decomposed, and formaldehyde in the molecule splits and releases new [H], with the strongest reducing power.

NaHSO2 · CH2O -& rarr; NaHSO2 + CH2O NaHSO2 + H2O -& rarr; NaHSO2 +2[H] c. carved white pieces (powder, grain) should be in alkaline medium with PH>8, and acidity (acid limit PH>3) can decompose white pieces into hydrogen sulfide. D. carved white pieces (powder, grain) will decompose when exposed to oxidant, such as I2. NaHSO2·CH2O+2H2O+2I2 -→NaHSO4+4HI+CH2O
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is used as a bleaching agent, reducing agent, bleaching agent and in the production of indigo dyes and vat dyes in the printing and dyeing industry.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate can also be used in the polymerization of synthetic rubber, sugar and ethylene compounds.
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is mainly used as discharging agent, color-discharging agent, reductant in printing and dyeing industry, as activating agent for production styrene-butadise rubber and synthetic resin, also be used for decolorizing and to whiten some organic matters, Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate can be substituted for sodium hydrosulphite in some special conditions.

Synthesis and reactions
Although available commercially, the salt can be prepared from sodium dithionite and formaldehyde:

Na2S2O4 + 2 CH2O + H2O → HO-CH2-SO3Na + HO-CH2-SO2Na
This reaction proceeds quantitatively, such that dithionite can be determined by its conversion to Rongalite, which is far less O2-sensitive and thus easier to handle.

The hydroxymethanesulfinate ion is unstable in solution towards decomposition to formaldehyde and sulfite.
Addition of at least one equivalent of formaldehyde pushes the equilibrium towards the side of the adduct and reacts further to give the bis-(hydroxymethyl)sulfone.
Such solutions are shelf-stable indefinitely.

Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate was originally developed in the early 20th century for the textile industry as a shelf-stable source of sulfoxylate ion, where the latter can be generated at will.
In use, when Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is made acidic, the reducing sulfoxylate ion and formaldehyde are released in equimolar amounts.
For safety reasons the generation of formaldehyde must be taken into consideration when used industrially.

NaHOCH2SO2 can essentially be considered to be a source of SO22−.
As such Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate is used both as a reducing agent and as a reagent to introduce SO2 groups into organic molecules.
Treatment of elemental Se and Te with NaHOCH2SO2 gives solutions containing the corresponding Na2Sex and Na2Tex, where x is approximately 2. As a nucleophile, NaHOCH2SO2 reacts with alkylating agents to give sulfones.

HO-CH2-SO2Na + 2 C6H5CH2Br → [C6H5CH2]2SO2 + NaBr + CH2O + HBr
Occasionally, alkylation will occur also at oxygen, thus xylylene dibromide gives both the sulfone and the isomeric sulfinate ester.

Production Method
286 kg of zinc powder and 500 kg of water are added into the pulping tank, and then added into the tubular reactor after pulping, and about 550 kg of SO2 is recycled to obtain zinc dithionite (the reaction temperature is maintained at 40~45 ℃, and the end pH value is 3~3.5).

In addition, the formaldehyde 40% by 698kg is added into the reaction kettle, the above-mentioned zinc disulfite aqueous solution is added dropwise under stirring, and the temperature is gradually increased.
When the temperature rises to 95~100 ℃, a total of 257 kg of zinc powder is added in batches, and the reaction is carried out under heat preservation for several hours, with the content of unused substance less than 1% at the end point.
Let the precipitate stand and transfer the precipitate to the replacement kettle.
After washing with clear water, 755 kg of 42% sodium hydroxide solution was added under stirring.
React at 65 ℃ until the free alkali content reaches 0.3% ~ 0.5%.
The reactant is pressure-filtered to remove impurities, and the filtrate is clarified for 48 h and then concentrated in vacuum.
Cooling crystallization, crushing to obtain the finished product.

Synonyms
Sodium Hydroxymethanesulfinate Dihydrate
6035-47-8
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate dihydrate
Rongalite
Methanesulfinic acid, hydroxy-, monosodium salt, dihydrate
sodium;hydroxymethanesulfinate;dihydrate
Formaldehyde sodium sulfoxylate dihydrate
Monosodium hydroxymethanesulfinate dihydrate
Hydroxymethanesulfinic acid monosodium salt dihydrate
sodium dihydrate hydroxymethanesulfinate
SQ4705447D
sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate dihydrate
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate [NF]
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxalate
Monosodium hydroxymethanesulfinate
Rongalite dihydrate
NCGC00166400-01
UNII-SQ4705447D
BRUGGOLITE
SodiumHydroxymethanesulfinateDihydrate
MFCD00150598
AKOS022186504
AT30643
sodium hydroxymethane sulfinate dihydrate
NCGC00166400-02
FT-0696356
FORMALDEHYDESULFOXYLATE, MONOSODIUM SALT
EN300-1697657
FORMALDEHYDE SODIUM SULPHOXYLATE DIHYDRATE
SODIUM FORMALDEHYDE SULPHOXYLATE DIHYDRATE
Q27289335
SODIUM FORMALDEHYDE SULFOXYLATE DIHYDRATE [MI]
F8881-2707
Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate dihydrate, >=98.0% (RT)
Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate dihydrate(Chunks or pellets)
SODIUM FORMALDEHYDESULFOXYLATE HYDRATE

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate, also known as sodium dithionite, is a white crystalline powder with a slight sulfurous odor.
Its chemical formula is Na2S2O4·xH2O, and it is a hydrate of sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate.

CAS Number: 6035-47-8



APPLICATIONS


Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate can be used in the textile industry as a reducing agent to bleach and brighten fabrics.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the paper industry as a bleaching agent for wood pulp and paper products.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate can be used as a reducing agent in organic synthesis, particularly in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in electroplating as a reducing agent to deposit metal coatings on various surfaces.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate can be used in the production of photographic film and paper as a developing agent.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of leather as a tanning agent.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of rubber and plastics as a reducing agent to stabilize the compounds.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in water treatment to remove excess chlorine from water.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate can be used in the production of inks, dyes, and pigments as a reducing agent.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of adhesives and sealants as a reducing agent to improve their stability.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the oil and gas industry as a scavenger to remove oxygen and hydrogen sulfide from oil and gas wells.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the cosmetics industry as a reducing agent in hair dyes and other hair treatments.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the food industry as a reducing agent to prevent the browning of fruits and vegetables.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate can be used in the production of batteries as a reducing agent to improve their performance.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the construction industry as a reducing agent to improve the performance of cement-based materials.


The main applications of sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate include:

Reducing agent in the textile industry
Bleaching agent in the paper pulp industry
Dechlorinating agent in water treatment processes
Reducing agent in the leather industry
Bleaching agent in the food industry
Developing agent in the photographic industry
Catalyst in chemical reactions


Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate has several applications, including:

As a reducing agent in various industries, including textiles, photography, and electroplating.
As a bleaching agent in the pulp and paper industry.
As an oxygen scavenger in boiler water treatment.
As a reducing agent in organic synthesis.
As a stabilizer in the manufacture of synthetic resins and rubbers.
In the production of pharmaceuticals, including as a reducing agent in the synthesis of certain drugs.
In the food industry as a flour improver and dough conditioner.
In the production of leather as a reducing agent.
In the production of adhesives and coatings.
In the electroplating industry for the deposition of metal coatings.
In the production of color photographic materials as a stabilizing agent.
In the manufacture of polymers as a reducing agent.
In the textile industry as a reducing agent and color stabilizer.
In the production of detergents and cleaning agents.
In the production of metalworking fluids.
As a reducing agent in the synthesis of polymers.
In the production of inks and pigments.
In the manufacture of oil drilling fluids.
In the production of metal catalysts.
In the synthesis of pesticides.
In the production of synthetic detergents.
In the synthesis of certain pharmaceutical intermediates.
In the production of plasticizers.
In the manufacture of paper and cardboard products.
As a reducing agent in the production of fine chemicals.


Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used as a reducing agent in various industrial processes.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the bleaching of pulp and paper to improve the brightness and whiteness of the paper.

In the textile industry, it is used as a reducing agent for the dyeing and printing of fabrics.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of photographic chemicals, as it can be used to reduce the silver ions to metallic silver.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the electroplating industry as a reducing agent for copper plating.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the manufacture of synthetic resins, which are used in various applications such as adhesives, coatings, and sealants.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of polymers, which are used in various applications such as plastic production and coatings.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a reducing agent for the synthesis of various drugs.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the food industry as a reducing agent and preservative.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the water treatment industry to remove chlorine and other oxidizing agents from water.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of pesticides, herbicides, and insecticides.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the petroleum industry to remove sulfur compounds from crude oil.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the mining industry as a flotation agent for the separation of ores.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the manufacture of ceramics and glass, as a reducing agent.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of chemicals such as formaldehyde and formic acid.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the synthesis of organic compounds, such as amino acids and peptides.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the manufacture of adhesives, particularly those used in the construction industry.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of rubber products.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of detergents and cleaning products.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of cosmetics and personal care products.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the synthesis of chiral molecules used in the pharmaceutical industry.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of fuel additives to improve the performance of gasoline and diesel engines.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of explosives and propellants.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the manufacture of water-soluble polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohol.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of flame retardants for textiles and plastics.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the textile industry as a reducing agent for the removal of excess dye and other impurities from fabrics.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of photographic paper to reduce the amount of silver in the emulsion and to prevent fogging of the film.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of pulp and paper as a bleach and a dechlorinating agent.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the food industry as an additive to prevent browning in fruits and vegetables during processing and storage.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used as a reducing agent in the synthesis of organic compounds in the pharmaceutical industry.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the manufacture of polymers and resins as a reducing agent and a stabilizer.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used as a polymerization inhibitor in the production of acrylic and other polymers.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of adhesives as a reducing agent to improve adhesion and bonding.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the cosmetics industry as an antioxidant and preservative.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the oil and gas industry as a scavenger for hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans in natural gas and crude oil.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the mining industry as a flotation reagent to separate minerals from ore.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the electroplating industry as a reducing agent for metal ions in solution.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of leather as a reducing agent to remove excess chromium and other impurities.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the water treatment industry as a dechlorinating agent and a reducing agent for other pollutants.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the manufacturing of semiconductor devices as a reducing agent to control the oxidation of metals.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of rubber as a reducing agent and a stabilizer to improve the properties of the material.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of glass as a reducing agent to prevent the formation of bubbles and defects.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the cosmetic dentistry industry as a tooth whitening agent.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of fuel cells as a reducing agent to improve the efficiency of the cell.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the printing industry as a reducing agent to improve the quality of the printed image.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the manufacturing of catalysts as a reducing agent to activate the catalyst.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the construction industry as a reducing agent for concrete and cement to improve their properties.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the textile printing industry as a reducing agent to improve the quality of the printed image.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of paper and cardboard as a reducing agent and a bleaching agent.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the agricultural industry as a reducing agent and a pesticide.



DESCRIPTION


Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate, also known as sodium dithionite, is a white crystalline powder with a slight sulfurous odor.
Its chemical formula is Na2S2O4·xH2O, and it is a hydrate of sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate has various uses, including as a reducing agent, a bleaching agent, and a dechlorinating agent.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is also used in several industrial processes such as in the production of textiles, paper pulp, and leather goods.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is a strong reducing agent and can reduce many organic and inorganic compounds.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is often used in the textile industry for the reduction of vat dyes and sulfur dyes.

In the paper pulp industry, Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used to bleach pulp, while in the leather industry, it is used as a reducing agent for chromium.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is also used in water treatment processes to remove excess chlorine from water.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is also used in the food industry as a bleaching agent for food products such as flour and potatoes.

Another application of this chemical is in the photographic industry where it is used as a developing agent, and in the production of photographic films and papers.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is also used as a catalyst in chemical reactions, including the conversion of aldehydes to alcohols.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is considered a safe and non-toxic compound, and it is approved for use in various applications by regulatory bodies such as the FDA and EPA.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is a white crystalline powder with a faint odor.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is highly soluble in water, and slightly soluble in alcohol and ether.
The chemical formula for sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is NaHO2S.CH2O2.2H2O.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is a reducing agent commonly used in textile, paper, and leather industries.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is also known as Rongalite C.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is a stable, non-explosive compound that decomposes when heated above 180°C.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is highly reactive and can reduce a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is a white to slightly yellowish powder with a sweet taste.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is hygroscopic, meaning that it absorbs moisture from the air.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is sensitive to air and light, and should be stored in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry place.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is used in the production of photographic chemicals and dyes.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is also used in the manufacture of pulp and paper, where it acts as a bleaching agent.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate can be used as a reducing agent in electroplating baths.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is also used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate has been studied for its potential use in the treatment of metal poisoning and radiation sickness.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is a strong reducing agent that can reduce metal ions to their metallic form.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate has a wide range of applications in the textile industry, where it is used as a reducing agent for vat dyes and sulfur dyes.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is also used as a bleaching agent for cellulose fibers and cotton.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is highly effective in removing residual chlorine from bleached pulp and paper.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is commonly used in the production of food additives, such as Vitamin C and thiamine.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is also used in the manufacturing of rubber, plastics, and resins.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate can be used in the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater.

Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is also used as a reducing agent in the synthesis of nanomaterials.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate is a key component in the formulation of hair dye.
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate has a wide range of applications in the chemical industry, where it is used as a reducing agent for a variety of organic and inorganic compounds.



PROPERTIES


Chemical formula: NaHO2S·xH2O (where x represents the number of water molecules)
Molar mass: 114.08 g/mol (anhydrous), varies with degree of hydration
Appearance: white to off-white crystalline powder
Odor: odorless
Density: 2.17 g/cm³ (anhydrous)
Melting point: decomposes before melting
Solubility in water: highly soluble
Solubility in other solvents: slightly soluble in methanol and ethanol, insoluble in ether and benzene
pH: about 4.5 to 5.5 in 1% aqueous solution
Boiling point: decomposes before boiling
Flash point: not applicable, as it is not a flammable substance
Autoignition temperature: not applicable, as it is not a flammable substance
Refractive index: not applicable, as it is not an optically active substance
Viscosity: not applicable, as it is not a liquid substance
Specific heat capacity: not available in literature
Thermal conductivity: not available in literature
Electrical conductivity: not available in literature
Hygroscopicity: hygroscopic, absorbs moisture from the air
Stability: stable under normal conditions, but decomposes upon exposure to heat or light
Acidity/basicity: slightly acidic
Toxicity: may be harmful if ingested or inhaled, may cause skin and eye irritation
Flammability: not flammable
Explosiveness: not explosive
Oxidizing properties: not oxidizing
Corrosivity: not corrosive



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Remove the person to a well-ventilated area and give oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Seek immediate medical attention if the person is experiencing difficulty breathing or shows signs of respiratory distress.


Skin Contact:

Remove any contaminated clothing or accessories immediately.
Rinse the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
Seek medical attention if there are signs of irritation or burns.


Eye Contact:

Immediately flush the affected eye(s) with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while holding the eyelid(s) open.
Seek medical attention if irritation, pain, or redness persists.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek immediate medical attention if the person has swallowed a large amount or shows signs of discomfort or distress.

Note: Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by a medical professional.


Other:

In case of exposure to Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate hydrate, seek medical attention immediately.
Be prepared to provide the medical professional with detailed information about the chemical and the exposure, including the route of exposure, the amount of chemical involved, and the time elapsed since the exposure occurred.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, safety glasses, and protective clothing when handling the chemical.
Avoid inhalation, skin contact, and ingestion of the chemical.
Handle the chemical in a well-ventilated area to prevent the build-up of vapor or dust.

Do not allow the chemical to come into contact with strong oxidizers or acids.
Do not heat or incinerate the chemical, as this can cause decomposition and release toxic gases.

In case of a spill, contain the material and prevent it from spreading.
Use an inert absorbent material such as sand, vermiculite, or diatomaceous earth to soak up the spill.
Store the chemical in a tightly closed container away from heat sources, flames, and direct sunlight.


Storage:

Store the chemical in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.
Keep the chemical away from incompatible materials such as oxidizing agents, acids, and bases.
Store the chemical in a tightly closed container that is labeled with the appropriate hazard warnings.

Keep the chemical out of reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Do not store the chemical near food, beverages, or other consumable materials.
Do not store the chemical in areas with excessive heat or cold, or in direct sunlight.

Store the chemical separately from flammable or combustible materials.
Use appropriate storage containers made of materials such as glass, stainless steel, or polyethylene that are resistant to the chemical.



SYNONYMS


Sodium dithionite
Sodium hydrosulfite
Sodium sulfoxylate formaldehyde
Sodium formylhydroxamate
Sodium hypodithionite
Sodium oxymethylene sulfoxylate
Sodium formate bisulfite
Sodium hydroxymethylsulfinate
Sodium hydroxymethanesulfonate
Sodium formalsulfoxylate
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate
Sodium formoxylate
Sodium formoxylate bisulfite
Hyposulfite of soda
Sodium dithionite hydrate
Sodium sulfoxylate formaldehyde hydrate
Sodium hydrosulfite hydrate
Sodium oxymethylene sulfoxylate hydrate
Sodium hydroxymethanesulfonate hydrate
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate monohydrate
Sodium formate bisulfite hydrate
Sodium formoxylate hydrate
Sodium formoxylate bisulfite hydrate
Sodium hypodithionite hydrate
Sodium formylhydroxamate hydrate
SFSH
SFS
Rongalite C
Rongalit C
Rongalit
Rongalite
Hydrosulfite F
Hydrosulfite
Hydrose
Hyposulfit
Hydro
Formasulfit
Formosulfate
Formosulfite
Formosulphate
Formosulphite
Formosulfoxylate
Sodi
Sodium hydrosulfite
Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate
Sodium dithionite
Sodium oxymethylene sulfoxylate
Sodium salt of hydroxymethanesulfinic acid
Dithionous acid, sodium salt
Salt of sulfinic acid, hydroxymethane, sodium
SODIUM FORMATE
Sodium Formate Sodium formate, HCOONa, is the sodium salt of formic acid, HCOOH. It usually appears as a white deliquescent powder. Properties Chemical formula HCOONa Molar mass 68.007 g/mol Appearance white granules deliquescent Density 1.92 g/cm3 (20 °C) Melting point 253 °C (487 °F; 526 K) Boiling point decomposes Solubility in water 43.82 g/100 mL (0 °C) 97.2 g/100 mL (20 °C) 160 g/100 mL (100 °C) Solubility insoluble in ether soluble in glycerol, alcohol, formic acid Preparation For commercial use, sodium formate is produced by absorbing carbon monoxide under pressure in solid sodium hydroxide at 130 °C and 6-8 bar pressure: CO + NaOH → HCO2Na Because of the low-cost and large-scale availability of formic acid by carbonylation of methanol and hydrolysis of the resulting methyl formate, sodium formate is usually prepared by neutralizing formic acid with sodium hydroxide. Sodium formate is also unavoidably formed as a by-product in the final step of the pentaerythritol synthesis and in the crossed Cannizzaro reaction of formaldehyde with the aldol reaction product trimethylol acetaldehyde [3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propanal]. In the laboratory, sodium formate can be prepared by neutralizing formic acid with sodium carbonate. It can also be obtained by reacting chloroform with an alcoholic solution of sodium hydroxide. CHCl3 + 4 NaOH → HCOONa + 3 NaCl + 2 H2O or by reacting sodium hydroxide with chloral hydrate. C2HCl3(OH)2 + NaOH → CHCl3 + HCOONa + H2O The latter method is, in general, preferred to the former because the low aqueous solubility of CHCl3 makes it easier to separate out from the sodium formate solution, by fractional crystallization, than the soluble NaCl would be. Sodium formate may also be created via the haloform reaction between ethanol and sodium hypochlorite in the presence of a base. This procedure is well documented for the preparation of chloroform. Properties Physical properties Sodium formate crystallizes in a monoclinic crystal system with the lattice parameters a = 6,19 Å, b = 6,72 Å, c = 6,49 Å and β = 121,7°.[3] Chemical properties On heating, sodium formate decomposes to form sodium oxalate and hydrogen.[4] The resulting sodium oxalate can be converted by further heating to sodium carbonate upon release of carbon monoxide: As a salt of a weak acid (formic acid) and a strong base (sodium hydroxide) sodium formate reacts in aqueous solutions basic: A solution of formic acid and sodium formate can thus be used as a buffer solution. Sodium formate is slightly water-hazardous and inhibits some species of bacteria but is degraded by others. Uses Sodium formate is used in several fabric dyeing and printing processes. It is also used as a buffering agent for strong mineral acids to increase their pH, as a food additive (E237), and as a de-icing agent. In structural biology, sodium formate can be used as a cryoprotectant for X-ray diffraction experiments on protein crystals,[6] which are typically conducted at a temperature of 100 K to reduce the effects of radiation damage. Sodium formate plays a role in the synthesis of formic acid, it is converted by sulfuric acid via the following reaction equation: Sodium formate is converted with sulfuric acid to formic acid and sodium sulfate. The urticating hair of stinging nettles contain sodium formate as well as formic acid. Solid sodium formate is used as a non-corrosive agent at airports for de-icing of runways in mix with corrosion inhibitors and other additives, which rapidly penetrate solid snow and ice layers, detach them from the asphalt or concrete and melt the ice rapidly. Sodium formate was also used as a road deicer in the city of Ottawa from 1987 to 1988. The high freezing point depression e.g. in comparison to the still frequently used urea (which is effective but problematic due to eutrophication) effectively prevents the re-icing, even at temperatures below −15 °C. The thawing effect of the solid sodium formate can even be increased by moistening with aqueous potassium formate or potassium acetate solutions. The degradability of sodium formate is particularly advantageous with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 211 mg O2/g compared with the de-icing agents sodium acetate (740 mg O2/g) and urea with (> 2,000 mg O2/g).[8] Saturated sodium formate solutions (as well as mixtures of other alkali metal formates such as potassium and cesium formate) are used as important drilling and stabilizing aids in gas and oil exploration because of their relatively high density. By mixing the corresponding saturated alkali metal formate solutions any densities between 1,0 and 2,3 g/cm3 can be set. The saturated solutions are biocidal and long-term stable against microbial degradation. Diluted, on the other hand, they are fast and completely biodegradable. As alkali metal formates as drilling aids make it unnecessary to add solid fillers to increase the density (such as barytes) and the formate solutions can be recovered and recycled at the drilling site, formates represent an important advance in exploration technology. Applications Biotechnological Sodium formate is used as the carbon source for culturing bacteria. Sodium formate is also useful for increasing yields of DNA isolation by ethanol precipitation. Industrial Sodium formate is used in the textile industry to neutralize sulfuric acid waste streams and also as a photoresist while using aniline dyes. It is also a pickling agent in chrome tanning and helps to impede vulcanization of chloroprene in synthetic rubber production. In processing cotton for disposable cotton pads, Sodium formate is used to eliminate the buildup of static electricity. Concrete longevity Sodium formate is used to mitigate water damage to concrete by acting as a concrete sealant, while also being environmentally benign and cheaper than the commonly used epoxy alternative for sealing concrete against water permeation.[9] Food Sodium formate may be added to food as a seasoning, sometimes in the form of sodium diacetate, a one-to-one complex of Sodium formate and acetic acid,[10] given the E-number E262. It is often used to give potato chips a salt and vinegar flavor.[citation needed] Sodium formate (anhydrous) is widely used as a shelf-life extending agent, pH control agent[11] It is safe to eat at low concentration.[12] Buffer solution A solution of Sodium formate (a basic salt of acetic acid) and acetic acid can act as a buffer to keep a relatively constant pH level. This is useful especially in biochemical applications where reactions are pH-dependent in a mildly acidic range (pH 4–6). Heating pad A hand warmer containing a supersaturated solution of Sodium formate which releases heat upon crystallization Sodium formate is also used in heating pads, hand warmers, and hot ice. Sodium formate trihydrate crystals melt at 136.4 °F/58 °C[13] (to 137.12 °F/58.4 °C),[14] dissolving in their water of crystallization. When they are heated past the melting point and subsequently allowed to cool, the aqueous solution becomes supersaturated. This solution is capable of cooling to room temperature without forming crystals. By pressing on a metal disc within the heating pad, a nucleation center is formed, causing the solution to crystallize back into solid Sodium formate trihydrate. The bond-forming process of crystallization is exothermic.[15] The latent heat of fusion is about 264–289 kJ/kg.[13] Unlike some types of heat packs, such as those dependent upon irreversible chemical reactions, a Sodium formate heat pack can be easily reused by immersing the pack in boiling water for a few minutes, until the crystals are completely dissolved, and allowing the pack to slowly cool to room temperature. Preparation A crystal of Sodium formate trihydrate (length 1.7 centimetres) For laboratory use, Sodium formate is inexpensive and usually purchased instead of being synthesized. It is sometimes produced in a laboratory experiment by the reaction of acetic acid, commonly in the 5–8% solution known as vinegar, with sodium carbonate ("washing soda"), sodium bicarbonate ("baking soda"), or sodium hydroxide ("lye", or "caustic soda"). Any of these reactions produce Sodium formate and water. When a sodium and carbonate ion-containing compound is used as the reactant, the carbonate anion from sodium bicarbonate or carbonate, reacts with hydrogen from the carboxyl group (-COOH) in acetic acid, forming carbonic acid. Carbonic acid readily decomposes under normal conditions into gaseous carbon dioxide and water. This is the reaction taking place in the well-known "volcano" that occurs when the household products, baking soda and vinegar, are combined. Sodium formate appears in sodium methylate at 0.3% The slow decomposition in storage of 98-100% Sodium formate with liberation of carbon monoxide led to rupture of the sealed glass containers. In absence of gas leakage, a full 2.5 L bottle would develop a pressure of over 7 bar during 1 yr at 25 °C. Explosive decomposition of Sodium formate on a clean nickel ... surface was studied, using deuteroSodium formate. A full 1 L bottle of 96% Sodium formate burst when the ambient temp fell to -6 °C overnight and the contents froze and expanded. Gas pressure from previous partial decomposition may also have contributed. Sodium formate decomposes slowly during storage and more rapidly under fire conditions, forming carbon monoxide. Sodium formate is a reagent comprised of the organic chemical Sodium formate that cleaves proteins into peptides at the C- or N-terminal side of an aspartate residue. Enzyme pathways involved in detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, formaldehyde, and Sodium formate, which are produced as a consequence of oxidative demethylation by the cytochrome P-450 system, were examined in isolated hepatocytes from phenobarbital pretreated rats. The formaldehyde produced during oxidative demethylation in isolated hepatocytes is rapidly oxidized to Sodium formate. Depletion of cellular reduced glutathione by pretreatment of rats with diethylmaleate decreases the rate of Sodium formate production, and therefore, it appears that formaldehyde produced by oxidative demethylation is oxidized by formaldehyde dehydrogenase, an enzyme which requires but does not consume reduced glutathione. Because of the rapid nonenzymatic reaction of formaldehyde with reduced glutathione, this enzyme system may be viewed as essential to prevent the loss of reduced glutathione due to S-hydroxymethylglutathione formation. Reduced glutathione concentration in isolated hepatocytes decreased rapidly following addition of substrates undergoing oxidative demethylation. Addition of other cytochrome P-450 substrates which do not undergo demethylation did not result in such a dramatic oxidation of reduced glutathione. Sodium formate, produced during oxidative demethylation acts as a substrate for the peroxidatic mode of catalase, but also binds to catalase as an anionic ligand. This binding decreases the catalase concentration detectable by cyanide titration and therefore appears to inhibit the catalytic reaction mode. Synthesis of Sodium formate by hydrolysis of methyl formate is based on a two-stage process: in the first stage, methanol is carbonylated with carbon monoxide; in the second stage, methyl formate is hydrolyzed to Sodium formate and methanol. Sodium formate is produced as a byproduct in the liquid-phase oxidation of hydrocarbons to acetic acid. In the United States, butane is used as the hydrocarbon, and ca. 50 kg of Sodium formate is produced per ton of acetic acid. In Europe, the oxidation of naphtha is preferred, and up to 250 kg of Sodium formate is produced per ton of acetic acid in this process. The reaction of sodium formate or calcium formate with strong mineral acids, such as sulfuric and nitric acids, is the oldest known process for producing Sodium formate commercially. If formates or sodium hydroxide are available cheaply or occur as byproducts in other processes, Sodium formate can still be produced economically in this manner. A method for analysis of Sodium formate in concentration of approx 0.2 mg/l in body fluids and tissues is described. Formate dehydrogenase analysis is done in two steps. In the first step, a 0.1 ml sample of blood, urine, or tissue extraction is mixed with 0.1 of 10 mmol/l nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide soln, 0.1 ml of potassium phosphate buffer, and 50 ul of formate dehydrogenase soln. The mixture is incubated for 15 min at 37 °C then 0.1 ml of diaphorase soln, 50 ul of resazurin soln and 0.5 ml of phosphate buffer (pH 6.00, 200 mmol/l) are added. Fluorescence is measured. Indirect food substance additives affirmed as generally recognized as safe. (a) Sodium formate (CH2O2, CAS Reg. No. 64-18-6) is also referred to as methanoic acid or hydrogen carboxylic acid. It occurs naturally in some insects and is contained in the free acid state in a number of plants. Sodium formate is prepared by the reaction of sodium formate with sulfuric acid and is isolated by distillation. (b) Sodium formate is used as a constituent of paper and paperboard used for food packaging. (c) The ingredient is used at levels not to exceed good manufacturing practice in accordance with part 186.1(b)(1). (d) Prior sanctions for Sodium formate different from the uses established in this section do not exist or have been waived. An examination of 12 fatalities attributed to methanol poisoning is presented. Six individuals were found deceased, and their postmortem methanol and Sodium formate concentrations ranged from 84 to 543 mg/dL and 64 to 110 mg/dL, respectively. In the other six individuals, hospital treatment such as bicarbonate, ethanol infusion, and hemodialysis was administered. Antemortem methanol and Sodium formate concentrations ranged from 68 to 427 mg/dL and 37 to 91 mg/dL, respectively, whereas corresponding postmortem methanol and Sodium formate levels ranged from undetectable to 49 mg/dL and undetectable to 48 mg/dL, respectively. Hospital treatment of Sodium formate toxicity resulted in significantly reduced postmortem methanol and Sodium formate concentrations In 13-week studies, groups of 10 animals of each species and sex were exposed to Sodium formate at concentrations of 0, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 ppm for 6 hr a day, 5 days a week. Two mice, 1 male and 1 female, died in the 128 ppm groups. Body weight gains were significantly decreased in mice exposed to 64 and 128 ppm Sodium formate. Microscopic changes in rats and mice ranged from minimal to mild in severity and generally were limited to animals in the 128 ppm groups. Lesions related to exposure to Sodium formate consisted of squamous metaplasia and degeneration of the respiratory and olfactory epithelia, respectively. Hematologic and serum biochemical changes at interim and terminal time points were minimal to mild and, generally, were consistent with hemoconcentration. Sodium formate's production and use as a preservative in foods and silage; acidulant in dyeing of natural and synthetic fibers, leather tanning; coagulating latex in rubber production, and in chemical synthesis may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Its use in hydrofracking to prevent pipe corrosion and application to freshly cut grass prior to ensilation will result in its direct release to the environment. Sodium formate occurs in fruits, vegetables, and leaves and roots of plants, and also in the defensive secretions of numerous insects, particularly of ants. Sodium formate is an intermediary human metabolite that is immediately transformed to formate. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 42.6 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates Sodium formate will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase Sodium formate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 36 days. Sodium formate does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, Sodium formate is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 1. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.67X10-7 atm-cu m/mole. The pKa of Sodium formate is 3.75, indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Sodium formate may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Theoretical BOD values ranging from 4.3% to 77.6% after 5 days using sewage, activated sludge, fresh water, and synthetic sea water inocula indicate that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil and water. If released into water, Sodium formate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 150 and 1,100 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3.2 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to Sodium formate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Sodium formate is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Sodium formate via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food, and dermal contact with this compound in consumer products containing Sodium formate as well as when stung by certain insects and marine cnidarians. Sodium formate occurs in fruits, vegetables, and leaves and roots of plants(1), and also in the defensive secretions of numerous insects, particularly of ants(2). It is also an intermediate product in the decomposition of organic matter in lake sediment(3) and a photooxidation product of alkanes, alkenes, and biogenic terpenes by hydroxyl-radical(4,5). Sodium formate is an intermediary human metabolite that is immediately transformed to formate(6). Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1(SRC), determined from a log Kow of -0.54(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that Sodium formate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of Sodium formate is 3.75(4), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization of Sodium formate from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 1.67X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(6). Sodium formate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 42.6 mm Hg(7). Theoretical BOD values ranging from 4.3% to 77.6% after 5 days using sewage and activated sludge inocula(8-13) indicate that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC). According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), Sodium formate, which has a vapor pressure of 42.6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase Sodium formate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 36 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 4.5X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Sodium formate does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). Sodium formate biodegrades readily in screening tests(1-9). Specific results include: 4.3 and 38.8% of theoretical BOD after 5 and 10 days using a sewage inoculum(1); 43.7-77.6% of theoretical BOD after 5 days with a sewage inoculum(2); 70% of theoretical BOD in 24 hours using activated sludge(3); 66% of theoretical BOD in 12 hours using an activated sludge inoculum(4); 39.9% of theoretical BOD in 24 hours with activated sludge(5); 48 and 51% of theoretical BOD after 5 days with unacclimated and acclimated sewage inoculum, respectively(6); and 40.5 and 51.7% of theoretical BOD after 5 days with sewage inocula in fresh water and synthetic seawater, respectively(7). Microorganisms are present in the air that can degrade formate in rainwater(8). Sodium formate, present at 100 mg/L, reached 110% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(9). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of Sodium formate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals is 4.5X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 36 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(2). Sodium formate is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(3). Sodium formate does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). The anhydrous acid catalyzes its own esterification with alcohols and polyols, but often also promotes dehydration to the ether or olefin(5). Anhydrous Sodium formate decomposes to carbon monoxide and water(6). Reactions between hydroxyl radicals and Sodium formate occur in cloud water. During daylight hours, aqueous-phase hydroxyl radical reactions can both produce and destroy Sodium formate in cloud drops and may control the Sodium formate levels in rain(7). The Koc of Sodium formate is estimated as 1(SRC), using a log Kow of -0.54(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that Sodium formate is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of Sodium formate is 3.75(4), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). The Henry's Law constant for Sodium formate is 1.67X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that Sodium formate is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 150 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 1100 days(SRC). Sodium formate's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of Sodium formate from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 42.6 mm Hg(3). Concentrations of Sodium formate in the Ohio River, Little Miami River and Tannes Creek were 12-39 ppb, 18.4-25.2 ppb, and 22.3 ppb, respectively(1). In Lake Kizaki in Japan, surface concentration of Sodium formate was 115 ppb(2). Although the concentration varied with depth (0-28 m) between 0 and 115 ppb, the variation was not a smoothly decreasing one(2). The volume-weighted average concentration of Sodium formate in Venezuelan rains was 7 uM in the continental region(1). Sodium formate was detected in 14 wet precipitation samples collected from 9 sites in southern California between 1982 and 1984 with concentrations ranging from 0.18 uM in snow from rural Wrightwood to 15.85 uM in rain from urban Los Angeles, and an average concentration of 4.12 uM(2). Six in-cloud precipitation samples collected from a cloud in Shenandoah National Park, VA during September 1990 had an average Sodium formate concentration of 8.3 uM(3). Precipitation samples collected at two Wisconsin lakes on the Wisconsin Acid Deposition Monitoring Network contained Sodium formate concentrations ranging from the detection limit of 20 ppb to 2,576 ppb, median 382 ppb(4). The average volume-weighted concentration of Sodium formate in rainwater in a study (154 measurements) at Wilmington, NC was 7.4 umol/L and contributed 19% of the rainwater's acidity(5). Fogwater in Corvallis, OR had a median and high Sodium formate concentration of 61 and 133 umol/L, respectively(6). NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 158,933 workers (37,338 of these were female) were potentially exposed to Sodium formate in the US(1). The NOES Survey does not include farm workers. Occupational exposure to Sodium formate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Sodium formate is produced or used(SRC). Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Sodium formate via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food, and dermal contact with this compound in consumer products containing Sodium formate as well as when stung by certain insects and marine cnidarians(SRC). Sodium Formate is generally immediately available in most volumes. High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered. American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement. About Sodium formate Helpful information Sodium formate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum. Sodium formate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing. Consumer Uses Sodium formate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, polishes and waxes and water treatment chemicals. Other release to the environment of Sodium formate is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid. Article service life Other release to the environment of Sodium formate is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment). Sodium formate can be found in products with material based on: leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture) and metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery). Widespread uses by professional workers Sodium formate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, laboratory chemicals, anti-freeze products and water treatment chemicals. Sodium formate is used in the following areas: mining, health services and municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment. Other release to the environment of Sodium formate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use. Formulation or re-packing Sodium formate is used in the following products: leather treatment products, laboratory chemicals and washing & cleaning products. Release to the environment of Sodium formate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials and of substances in closed systems with minimal release. Other release to the environment of Sodium formate is likely to occur from: indoor use as reactive substance. Uses at industrial sites Sodium formate is used in the following products: leather treatment products, heat transfer fluids, pH regulators and water treatment products and anti-freeze products. Sodium formate is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging, mining and printing and recorded media reproduction. Sodium formate is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur. Release to the environment of Sodium formate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as processing aid, of substances in closed systems with minimal release, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and formulation of mixtures. Other release to the environment of Sodium formate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners). Manufacture Release to the environment of Sodium formate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).
SODIUM FUMARATE
cas no 527-07-1 D-Gluconic acid, sodium salt; D-Gluconic acid monosodium salt; Glonsen; Gluconato di sodio; Monosodium D-gluconate; Sodium (2R,3S,4R,5R')-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate; 2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxycaproic acid sodium salt; Sodium Gluconate;
SODIUM GLUCONATE
Sodium Gluconate is a compound with formula NaC6H11O7.
Sodium Gluconate is the sodium salt of gluconic acid.
Sodium Gluconate's E number is E576.
Sodium Gluconate is a white powder that is very soluble in water.


CAS Number: 527-07-1
EC Number: 208-407-7
MDL NO:MFCD00064210
E number: E576 (acidity regulators, ...)
Chemical formula: C6H11NaO7


Sodium Gluconate is the sodium salt of gluconic acid with chelating property.
Sodium gluconate chelates and forms stable complexes with various ions, preventing them from engaging in chemical reactions.
Sodium gluconate is an organic sodium salt having D-gluconate as the counterion.


Sodium Gluconate has a role as a chelator.
Sodium Gluconate contains a D-gluconate.
Sodium Gluconate is a sodium salt of gluconic acid.


Sodium gluconate, also called sodium salt of gluconic acid, is produced by fermentation of glucose.
The appearance is white crystalline powder, so it is very soluble in water.
And Sodium Gluconate has features of non-toxic, non corrosive and readily biodegradable.


Sodium gluconate is the sodium salt of gluconic acid and is produced by the fermentation of glucose.
Sodium Gluconate is a white granular, crystalline solid, very soluble in water.
Sodium Gluconate is non-corrosive, non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable.


Sodium Gluconate is resistant to oxidation and reduction even at high temperatures.
The main feature of sodium gluconate is its excellent chelating power, especially in alkaline and concentrated alkaline solutions.
Sodium Gluconate forms stable chelates with calcium, iron, copper, aluminum and other heavy metals.


EDTA is a chelating agent superior to NTA and phosphonates.
Sodium gluconate is the sodium salt of gluconic acid, produced by fermentation of glucose.
Sodium Gluconate is a white to tan, granular to fine, crystalline powder, very soluble in water.


Sodium Gluconate is non corrosive, non-toxic and readily biodegradable (98 % after 2 days), sodium gluconate is more and more appreciated as chelating agent.
The outstanding property of sodium gluconate is its excellent chelating power, especially in alkaline and concentrated alkaline solutions.
Sodium Gluconate forms stable chelates with calcium, iron, copper, aluminium and other heavy metals, and in this respect, it surpasses all other chelating agents, such as EDTA, NTA and related compounds.


Aqueous solutions of sodium gluconate are resistant to oxidation and reduction, even at high temperatures.
However, Sodium Gluconate is easily degraded biologically (98 % after 2 days), and thus presents no wastewater problem.
Sodium gluconate is also a highly efficient set retarder and a good plasticiser / water reducer for concrete, mortar and gypsum.


And last but not least, Sodium Gluconate has the property to inhibit bitterness in foodstuffs.
Sodium Gluconate is a safe and natural alternative to the synthetic chelating agents EDTA and etidronate to protect cosmetic products from discoloration and rancidity of cosmetic oils.


Sodium Gluconate can also act as pH regulator as well as humectant, thanks to its molecular structure with numerous hydroxyl groups.
In oral care, Sodium Gluconate can substantially reduce the bitterness of other ingredients.
Chemical formula of Sodium Gluconate is C6H11NaO7, which is known as E 572, is a sodium salt of gluconic acid in white fine granule structure.


Sodium gluconate is soluble in cold water and hot water.
Sodium Gluconate is only partially soluble in methanol and ethanol.
Sodium gluconate is a white granular, crystalline solid which is very soluble in water.


Sodium Gluconate is non corrosive, non toxic, biodegradable and renewable.
Sodium Gluconate is resistant to oxidation and reduction even at high temperatures.
The main property of sodium gluconate is its excellent chelating power, especially in alkaline and concentrated alkaline solutions.


Sodium Gluconate forms stable chelates with calcium, iron, copper, aluminium and other heavy metals.
Sodium Gluconate is a more superior chelating agent than EDTA, NTA and phosphonates.
In addition to being a chelating agent, sodium gluconate in skin care can also function as a humectant, meaning it helps skin retain a balanced amount of water.


Sodium Gluconate's typical use level in cosmetics is 0.1-1.0%.
Sodium gluconate is the neutralized form (salt) of gluconic acid.
Sodium Gluconate is very soluble in water; sparingly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in ether.


Sodium gluconate is sodium salt of gluconic acid that is produced by the fermentation of glucose.
Sodium gluconate comes in a fine granular or powdered form.
Sodium Gluconate is soluble in water, non corrosive, non toxic, biodegradable and biorenewable.


Sodium Gluconate is a useful chelating agent acting as a stabiliser and thickener to improve the quality and stability of food products.
Sodium gluconate is a biodegradable odourless non-corrosive salt used in some cleaning and personal care products.
Sodium gluconate is synthesised from gluconic acid, which can be found in nature in honey and wine - and which can be produced through fermentation of plant sugars.


Sodium Gluconate for skin is the salt form of gluconic acid, a mild acid produced from the sugar glucose.
Despite the in-part sugar origins, sodium gluconate in skin care is a synthetic ingredient.
In skin care, sodium gluconate functions as a chelating agent.


Chelating agents are ingredients that bind with metal ions to enhance the stability of other ingredients.
Interestingly, the human body produces gluconates on its own to assist in obtaining nutrients from minerals.
Sodium Gluconate is a crystalline sodium salt of Gluconic Acid, produced by the fermentation of glucose, and is very soluble in water.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM GLUCONATE:
Sodium Gluconate is widely used in textile dyeing, printing and metal surface water treatment.
Sodium Gluconate is also used as a chelating agent, a steel surface cleaning agent, a cleaning agent for glass bottles, and as a chelating agent for cement, plating and alumina dyeing industries.


Sodium gluconate is frequently used in metal and glass surface cleaning due to its chelating properties.
Sodium Gluconate can also be used as water reducer and drying retarder.
Sodium Gluconate is also used in inks, dyes, dyestuff, paper and textile productions.


Sodium Gluconate is also used in many types of food to reduce bitterness.
In right doses, Sodium Gluconate acts as acid-alcali stabilizer in human body.
As a kind of chemical admixture, Sodium Gluconate always plays an important role in many different fields, such as concrete, textile industry, oil drilling, soap, cosmetics, toothpaste, etc.


Sodium Gluconate is used as concrete retarder in the construction industry.
When adding a certain amount of sodium gluconate powder to cement, Sodium Gluconate can make the concrete strong and random, and at the same time, it also delays the Initial and final setting time of concrete without affecting the strength of concrete.


In a word, Sodium Gluconate retarder can improve the workability and the strength of concrete.
In the medical field, Sodium Gluconate can maintain the acid and alkaline balance in the human body and restore the normal functioning of the nerves.
Sodium Gluconate can be used in the prevention and treatment of syndrome for low sodium.


Sodium Gluconate can be used as a water quality stabilizer as it has excellent blocking capacity to die.
Sodium Gluconate is used as a surface cleaning agent for metals
Sodium Gluconate is used as a cleaning agent for glass bottles


Sodium Gluconate can also be used as a water reducing agent and retarder in the building industry.
Sodium gluconate is also an effective set retarder and a good plasticizer and water reducer for concrete, cement, mortar and gypsum.
Sodium gluconate is widely used in industry.


Sodium gluconate can be used as a high-efficiency chelating agent in the fields of construction, textile printing and metal surface treatment and water treatment, steel surface cleaning agent, glass bottle cleaning agent, aluminum oxide coloring in electroplating industry.
The concrete industry is used as a high-efficiency retarder, high-efficiency water reducer, and the like.


Sodium gluconate as a special cleaning agent for glass bottles Sodium gluconate is used as the main body in the formula of glass bottle cleaning agent, which can well remove the dirt in the glass bottle, and the trace residue after washing does not affect the food safety, and the washing water discharge is pollution-free.
Application of Sodium Gluconate:Water reducing agent,retarder,etc.


Usage of Sodium Gluconate:Coating Auxiliary Agents/Electronics Chemicals/Leather Auxiliary Agents/Paper Chemicals/Plastic Auxiliary Agents/Water Treatment Chemicals.
Sodium gluconate is used in electroplating and metal finishing because of its strong affinity for metal ions.
Acting as a sequestrant Sodium Gluconate stabilises the solution preventing impurities from triggering undesirable reactions in the bath.


The chelation properties of gluconate assist in the deterioration of the anode thus increasing plating bath efficiency.
Gluconate can be used in copper, zinc and cadmium plating baths for brightening and increasing luster.
Sodium gluconate is used in agrochemicals and in particular fertilisers.


Sodium Gluconate helps plants and crops to absorb necessary minerals from the soil.
Sodium Gluconate can resist to oxidation at high temperatures and in this way can be used in many sectors.
Sodium Gluconate is used in the paper and pulp industries where it chelates out metallic ions which cause problems in the peroxide and hydrosulphite bleaching processes.


Sodium Gluconate is used as surface cleaning agent for metals
Sodium Gluconate is used as cleaning agent of glass bottles.
Sodium Gluconate also can be used as water reducing agent and retarder in the building industry.


Sodium gluconate is also an efficient set retarder and a good plasticiser & water reducer for concrete, cement, mortar and gypsum.
Other industrial applications of Sodium Gluconate of importance include bottle washing, photo chemicals, textile auxiliaries, plastics and polymers, inks, paints and dyes and Water treatment.


Sodium Gluconate is a good chelator at alkaline pH, with chelating power relatively better than EDTA, NTA and other chelators.
Sodium Gluconate has wide range of industrial applications which include textile dyeing, water treatments, printing and as cleaning agent for glass bottles.
Sodium Gluconate also finds use as derusting agent in metallurgy and as additive in cement.


Sodium Gluconate is used in food stuffs as bitterness inhibitor and as electrolyte replenisher.
Sodium Gluconate is a good chelator at alkaline pH, with chelating power relatively better than EDTA, NTA and other chelators.
Sodium Gluconate has wide range of industrial applications which include textile dyeing, water treatments, printing and as cleaning agent for glass bottles.


Sodium Gluconate also finds use as derusting agent in metallurgy and as additive in cement.
Sodium Gluconate is used in food stuffs as bitterness inhibitor and as electrolyte replenisher.
Sodium Gluconate inhibits bitter flavours and is used in dairy products, processed fruit, vegetables, cereals, processed meats, preserved fish and many other applications.


Sodium Gluconate is widely used in the cosmetic industry for stabilizing purposes.
Sodium Gluconate is used to stabilize all kinds of cosmetic products like creams, lotions, shampoos, conditioners, makeup products, sunscreen products.


-Uses of Sodium Gluconate:
*Food: Dairy products, diet foods, herb and spice blends, meat products.
*Medications: Injections.
*Personal care: Dental care, skin care, toiletries.
*Cleaners, detergents: dishwashing detergents, household cleaning materials, industrial cleaning materials.
*Industrial applications: Agrochemicals, construction chemicals, inks/paints/dyes, metal finishing, paper auxiliaries, photo chemicals, textile auxiliaries, water treatment.


-Metal:
Sodium Gluconate, which even binds heavy metals, is used in this sector as metal binder and surface water.


-Sodium gluconate in Construction Industry:
Sodium gluconate is used as a concrete admix.
Sodium Gluconate offers several benefits including improved workability, retarding setting times, reducing water, improved freeze-thawing resistance, reduced bleeding, cracking and dry shrinkage.
When added at a level of 0.3% sodium gluconate can retard setting time of cement to over 16 hours depending on ratio of water and cement, temperature etc.
As Sodium Gluconate acts as a corrosion inhibitor it helps to protect iron bars used in concrete from corrosion.


-Sodium gluconate as a corrosion inhibitor:
When sodium gluconate is present in water above 200ppm it protects steel and copper from corrosion.
Water pipes and tanks composed of these metals are prone to corrosion and pitting caused by dissolved oxygen in the circulation water.
This leads to cavitation and degradation of the equipment.
The sodium gluconate reacts with the metal producing a protective film of the gluconate salt of the metal eliminating the possibility of the dissolved oxygen to come into direct contact with the metal.
In addition sodium gluconate is added to deicing compounds like salt and calcium chloride which are corrosive.
This helps protect metal surfaces from being attacked by the salts but not deterring from the salt's ability to dissolve ice and snow.


-Concrete:
Sodium gluconate is used as an additive in printed concrete technology.
-Pine:
Sodium Gluconate is used as cleaning agent in glass bottles.


-Sodium gluconate in the cleaning industry:
Sodium gluconate is commonly found in many household and industrial cleaners.
This is because on Sodium Gluconate's multi functionality.
Sodium Gluconate acts as a chelating agent, a sequestering agent, a builder and a redeposition agent.
In alkaline cleaners like dishwasher detergents and degreasers Sodium Gluconate prevents hard water ions (magnesium and calcium) interfering with the alkalies and allows the cleaner to perform to its maximum ability.
Sodium gluconate helps as a soil remover for laundry detergents as it breaks the calcium bond holding the dirt to the fabric and further prevents the soil redepositing onto the fabric again.
Sodium gluconate helps to protect metals like stainless steel when strong caustic based cleaners are used.
Sodium Gluconate helps to break down scale, milkstone and beerstone.
As a result Sodium Gluconate finds application in many acid based cleaners especially those formulated for use in the food industry.


-Cement:
Sodium Gluconate is used as a clamp in cement industry.
-Textile:
Sodium Gluconate is widely used as an additive in textile dyes.
-Other:
Since Sodium Gluconate has the feature that can be biodegradable easily and thus does not create a waste water problem, it finds use in many sectors.


-Textile Industry:
Sodium gluconate can be used for cleaning and degreasing of fibers.
Also improving the bleaching effect of the bleaching powder, the color uniformity of the dye, and the dyeing and hardening degree of the material in textile industry.
-Oil Industry:
Sodium Gluconate can be used to produce petroleum products and oil field drilling muds.


-Glass Bottle Cleaning Agent:
Sodium Gluconate can effectively remove the bottle label and bottle neck rust.
And Sodium Gluconate is not easy to block the nozzle and pipeline of the bottle washer.
Moreover, Sodium Gluconate will not lead bad influences to food or the environment.


-Steel Surface Cleaner:
In order to suit special applications, the surface of the steel must be strictly cleaned.
Due to its excellent cleaning effect, Sodium Gluconate is suitable for making steel surface cleaners.


-Water quality stabilizer:
Sodium Gluconate has a good coordinated effect as a circulating cooling water corrosion inhibitor.
In contrast to general corrosion inhibitors, Sodium Gluconate's corrosion inhibition increases with increasing temperature.


-Food uses of Sodium Gluconate:
*Baby Food, Infant Formula
*Cereals, Snacks
*Confectionery
*Dairy Alternatives
*Flavours
*Fruits, Vegetables
*Meat Alternatives
*Meat, Seafood
*Ready Meals, Instant Food
*Sauces, Dressings, Seasonings
*Table Top Products


-Beverages:
*Carbonated Soft Drinks
*Plant-based
*RTD Tea and Coffee
*Sports and Energy Drinks
*Waters


-Personal Care:
*Colour Cosmetics
*Hair Care
*Oral Care
*Skin Care
*Soap and Bath Products


-Cleaners & Detergents:
*Dish Washing
*Industrial Cleaners
*Laundry Care
*Surface Care


-Industrial Applications of Sodium Gluconate:
*Agrochemicals, Fertilisers
*Construction
*Fine Chemicals
*Inks, Paints, Coatings
*Metal Surface Treatment
*Paper
*Textile, Leather


-Feed & Pet Food:
*Feed
*Pet Food
-Healthcare:
*OTC, Food Supplements


-Pharma:
*Bitterness masking agent
*Buffering agent
*Chelating agent


-Sodium gluconate as water reducing agent:
Water cement ratio (W/C) can be reduced by adding water reducing agent. When the water cement ratio (W/C) is constant, the addition of sodium gluconate can improve the workability. When the cement content remains constant, the water content in concrete can be reduced (i.e., W/C decreases).
When the amount of sodium gluconate is 0.1%, the amount of water can be reduced by 10%.


-Sodium gluconate as a retarder:
Sodium gluconate can significantly delay the setting time of concrete.
At dosages below 0.15%, the logarithm of the initial setting time is directly proportional to the dosage, i.e., when the dosage is doubled, the initial setting time is delayed by a factor of ten, which extends the working time from a few hours to several days without loss of strength.
This is an important advantage especially on hot days and when long periods of time are required.


-Sodium gluconate as a water quality stabilizer:
Because of its excellent corrosion and scale inhibition, sodium gluconate is widely used as water quality stabilizer, such as circulating cooling water system of petrochemical enterprises, low-pressure boiler, internal combustion engine cooling water system and other treatment agents.


-Sodium Gluconate as a Food Additive:
Sodium Gluconate is used in the food industry, because it can effectively prevent the occurrence of low sodium syndrome, it can be used as a food additive.
Sodium gluconate is used in food processing to adjust pH and improve the taste of food.
Instead of salt, it can be processed into healthy low-salt or salt-free (sodium chloride-free) food, which plays a great role in improving human health and enriching people’s lives.



MAIN FUNCTIONS OF SODIUM GLUCONATE:
*Excellent chelating agent
*Highly efficient set retarder
*Efficient plasticiser / water reducer
*Bitterness inhibitor



SODIUM GLUCONATE AT A GLANCE:
*The synthetic salt form of gluconic acid
*Sodium Gluconate helps improve the stability of skin care formulas
*Sodium Gluconate can function as a humectant, helping skin retain water
*The human body can produce gluconates on its own



BENEFITS OF SODIUM GLUCONATE:
*Stabilizes and protects cosmetic products from discoloration and rancidity of cosmetic oils and butters
*Binds metal ions (chelating effect) especially iron & copper over a wide pH range
*Acts as pH regulator as well as humectant
*An alternative to synthetic chelating agents



GENERAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM GLUCONATE:
Sodium gluconate is sodium salt of gluconic acid.
Sodium Gluconate is water soluble and it is in white powder form.
Sodium Gluconate is not abrasive or toxic.
Biologically Sodium Gluconate can be easily disintigrated.
Sodium Gluconate is a very good chelating agent.
Sodium Gluconate stabilizer calcium, iron, copper, aluminium and other heavy metals, even in concentrated alcali solutions.



PRODUCTION OF SODIUM GLUCONATE:
Sodium gluconate is industrially produced by fermentation of glucose.



PRODUCTION AND REACTIONS OF SODIUM GLUCONATE:
The most known and used form of sodium gluconate; production of glucose by fermentation.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM GLUCONATE:
Chemical formula: C6H11NaO7
Molar mass: 218.137 g·mol−1
Appearance: White powder
Odor: Odorless
Solubility in water: 58 g/100 mL
Solubility in ethanol and diethyl ether: Slightly soluble
Molecular Weight: 218.14
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 5
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 7
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Exact Mass: 218.04024697
Monoisotopic Mass: 218.04024697
Topological Polar Surface Area: 141 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 14
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 176
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 4
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Sodium gluconate: CAS No.: 527-07-1
Molecular formula: C6H11NaO7
Molecular weight: 218.14
EINECS No.: 208-407-7
Appearance: White crystalline powder/ granular
PH: 6-8
MW: 218.14
Density: 0.8 g/cm3 at 20 °C
HS Code: 29181600
Storage: Store at room temperature
CAS No.: 527-07-1
MF: C6H11NaO7
EINECS No.: 208-407-7
Purity: 99%
Appearance: White Crystalline Powder
General Properties: white powder
Odor: odorless
Intensity: 0.70 g/cm3
Boiling point:
Melting point: 206 °C
Flash point:
Vapor pressure:
Refraction index:
Solubility (aqueous) 59 g/100ml (25 ° C)

Appearance : White/yellowish powder
Chemical Name: Sodium D-gluconate
Water Solubility: 549.0 mg/mL
logP: -1.9
logP: -3.4
logS: 0.4
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 3.39
pKa (Strongest Basic): -3
Physiological Charge: -1
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 7
Hydrogen Donor Count: 5
Polar Surface Area: 141.28 Å2
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Refractivity: 49.11 m3·mol-1
Polarizability: 16.62 Å3
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: 1
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: No
MDDR-like Rule: No

CAS number: 527-07-1
EC number: 208-407-7
Grade: E 576
Hill Formula: C₆H₁₁NaO₇
Molar Mass: 218.14 g/mol
HS Code: 2918 16 00
Density: 1.79 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Ignition temperature: >200 °C
Melting Point: 205 - 209 °C
pH value: 6.5 - 7.5 (H₂O)
Vapor pressure: Solubility: 590 g/l
Chemical Formula: C6H11NaO7
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Purity %: 98 Min
Loss on drying %: 0.50 Max
Sulphate (SO42-) %: 0.05 Max
Chloride (Cl): % 0.07 Max
Heavy metals (Pb) ppm: 10 Max
Reduzate (D-glucose) %: 0.7 Max
PH (10% water solution): 6.2~7.5
Arsenic salt(As) ppm: 2max

Appearance Form: solid
Color: beige
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: 6,5 - 7,5
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 205 - 209 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 613,1 °C
Flash point: Not applicable
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure < 0,1 hPa at 25 °C
Vapor density No data available
Relative density No data available
Water solubility 590 g/l at 25 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
log Pow: -5,99 - Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Autoignition temperature: > 200 °C
Decomposition temperature: 196 - 198 °C -
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM GLUCONATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM GLUCONATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry. Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM GLUCONATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM GLUCONATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses:
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM GLUCONATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
*Storage conditions
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM GLUCONATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Sodium (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate
Sodium D-gluconate
SODIUM GLUCONATE
Sodium D-gluconate
527-07-1
D-Gluconic acid, monosodium salt
D-Gluconic acid sodium salt
Monosodium gluconate
Gluconic acid sodium salt
gluconate sodium
D-Gluconate sodium salt
Gluconate (sodium)
Monosodium D-gluconate
D-Gluconic acid, sodium salt (1:1)
14906-97-9
Gluconic acid, monosodium salt, D-
sodium (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate
Sodium gluconate [USP]
DTXSID7027170
CHEBI:84997
R6Q3791S76
(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate
NCGC00164076-01
Glonsen
Sodium gluconate (USP)
Gluconic acid, sodium salt
C6H11NaO7
Pasexon 100T
D-Gluconic acid, sodium salt
D-Gluconic acid sodium salt
Sodium D-gluconate
D-Gluconate sodium salt
Gluconato di sodio
NSC-759599
EINECS 208-407-7
UNII-R6Q3791S76
2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxycaproic acid sodium salt
EINECS 238-976-7
gluconic acid sodium
MFCD00064210
D-Gluconic acid, sodium salt (1:?)
Sodium Gluconate ,(S)
SCHEMBL23640
SODIUM GLUCONATE [II]
SODIUM GLUCONATE [FCC]
DTXCID007170
SODIUM GLUCONATE [INCI]
CHEMBL1200919
SODIUM GLUCONATE [VANDF]
HY-B1092A
SODIUM GLUCONATE [MART.]
GLUCONATE SODIUM [WHO-DD]
Tox21_112081
s4174
AKOS015899031
AKOS015951225
SODIUM GLUCONATE [ORANGE BOOK]
CCG-229938
CS-4777
GLUCONIC ACID SODIUM SALT [MI]
NSC 759599
SODIUM GLUCONATE [USP MONOGRAPH]
AS-11680
CAS-527-07-1
G0041
D05862
A829211
Q264552
W-110397
D-Gluconic acid sodium salt
2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxycaproic acid sodium salt
D-Gluconate sodium salt
Sodium D-gluconate
Sodium gluconate
Monosodium D-gluconate
2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxycaproic acid sodium salt
D-Gluconic acid sodium salt


SODIUM GLUCONATE
Sodium gluconate is an organic sodium salt having D-gluconate as the counterion.
Sodium gluconate has a role as a chelator.
Sodium gluconate is the organic sodium salt of gluconic acid.

CAS Number: 527-07-1
Molecular Formula: C6H13NaO7
Molecular Weight: 220.15
EINECS Number: 208-407-7

SODIUM GLUCONATE, Sodium D-gluconate, 527-07-1, D-Gluconic acid sodium salt, D-Gluconic acid, monosodium salt, Monosodium gluconate, Gluconic acid sodium salt, gluconate sodium, D-Gluconate sodium salt, Gluconate (sodium), Monosodium D-gluconate, D-Gluconic acid, sodium salt (1:1), Gluconic acid, monosodium salt, D-, sodium (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate, Sodium gluconate [USP], 14906-97-9, DTXSID7027170, CHEBI:84997, 2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxycaproic acid sodium salt, MFCD00064210, R6Q3791S76, sodium;(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate, NCGC00164076-01, Glonsen, Sodium gluconate (USP), Gluconic acid, sodium salt, C6H11NaO7, Pasexon 100T, D-Gluconic acid, sodium salt, D-Gluconic acid sodium salt;Sodium D-gluconate;D-Gluconate sodium salt, Gluconato di sodio, Gluconato di sodio [Italian], NSC-759599, EINECS 208-407-7, UNII-R6Q3791S76, EINECS 238-976-7, D-Gluconic acid, sodium salt (1:?), Sodium Gluconate ,(S), SCHEMBL23640, SODIUM GLUCONATE [II], SODIUM GLUCONATE [FCC], DTXCID007170, SODIUM GLUCONATE [INCI], CHEMBL1200919, SODIUM GLUCONATE [VANDF], HY-B1092A, SODIUM GLUCONATE [MART.], GLUCONATE SODIUM [WHO-DD], UPMFZISCCZSDND-JJKGCWMISA-M, Tox21_112081, s4174, AKOS015899031, AKOS015951225, SODIUM GLUCONATE [ORANGE BOOK], CCG-229938, CS-4777, GLUCONIC ACID SODIUM SALT [MI], NSC 759599, SODIUM GLUCONATE [USP MONOGRAPH], AS-11680, CAS-527-07-1, G0041, D05862, A829211, Q264552, W-110397

Sodium gluconate is a chelator that forms stable complexes with various ions and ultimately prevents these ions from engaging in chemical reactions.
Sodium gluconates are naturally occurring substances that freely dissociate to the gluconate anion and its respective cations.
Sodium gluconate contains a D-gluconate.

Being fully biodegradable and non-toxic, Sodium gluconate represents an environment friendly alternative to the common chelating agents used in cosmetics such as EDTA.
In addition to this, sodium gluconate has a low acute toxicity to aquatic organisms.
Sodium gluconate is a white to tan, granular to fine, practically odourless crystalline powder.

Sodium gluconate is very soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol and insoluble in ether.
Sodium gluconate is a compound with formula NaC6H11O7.
Sodium gluconate is the sodium salt of gluconic acid.

Sodium gluconate E number is E576.
This white, water-soluble powder has a wide range of applications across industries.
Originally derived from gluconic acid in the 19th century, Sodium Gluconate is known for its chelating properties and is utilized as a chelating agent in various processes.

Sodium gluconate finds applications in textile, metal surface treatment, cement, and more.
Moreover, Sodium gluconate is non-toxic nature and biodegradability contribute to its use in environmentally conscious practices.
Sodium gluconate is manufactured by the fermentation of carbohydrate containing the raw material glucose syrup derived from maize.

After a crystallisation step, sodium gluconate is separated from the mother liquor by centrifugation, the crystals are dried and then sieved to guarantee the desired granulation.
Based on the production process as well as the raw materials used, sodium gluconate is not synthetic natural.
Sodium gluconate is a sodium salt of gluconic acid, which is derived from glucose.

Sodium gluconate is a white to tan, odorless, and crystalline powder that is highly soluble in water.
Sodium gluconate has various applications across different industries due to its chelating and sequestrant properties.
Sodium gluconate is an effective chelating agent, which means it can bind with metal ions, particularly calcium, iron, and magnesium.

This property makes it useful in various industrial and cleaning applications.
As a sequestrant, sodium gluconate helps to control the reactivity of metal ions in solutions, preventing undesirable interactions and improving the stability of formulations.
Sodium gluconate is considered environmentally friendly as it is biodegradable.

Sodium gluconate can be broken down by natural processes, contributing to its relatively low environmental impact.
Sodium gluconate can act as a pH buffer, helping to stabilize the pH of a solution.
This property is beneficial in applications where maintaining a specific pH level is crucial.

In water treatment applications, sodium gluconate is used to prevent scale formation and corrosion in water systems.
Sodium gluconate binds with metal ions, preventing them from causing scaling or corrosion.
Sodium gluconate is used as a concrete admixture to improve the workability and strength of concrete.

Sodium gluconate acts as a water-reducing agent, helping to reduce the water content in the mix.
In the food industry, sodium gluconate is used as a sequestrant, stabilizer, and buffering agent.
Sodium gluconate may be added to certain food and beverage products to enhance stability and control acidity.

Sodium gluconate is a common ingredient in detergents and industrial cleaners.
Sodium gluconate helps to prevent the redeposition of dirt and scale by sequestering metal ions in the wash solution.
Sodium gluconate is used in metal cleaning formulations to remove rust and scale from metal surfaces.

In the textile industry, sodium gluconate is used in dyeing processes to improve the color fastness of dyes.
Sodium gluconate may be found in some cosmetic and personal care products where its chelating properties help improve stability and shelf life.
Sodium gluconate is sometimes used in certain medical applications, such as a component in formulations for wound care or as a stabilizing agent in pharmaceutical preparations.

Sodium gluconate can be used in the oil and gas industry as a corrosion inhibitor and scale preventer in water-based drilling fluids.
Ingestion of sodium gluconate is known to stimulate the production of intestinal butyrate.
Sodium gluconate is widely used in food, pharmaceutical paper and textile industry.

Sodium gluconate acts as a chelating agent.
Sodium gluconate serves as a detergent in bottle washing formulation.
Sodium gluconate is a white granular, crystalline solid which is very soluble in water.

Sodium gluconate is non corrosive, non toxic, biodegradable and renewable.
Sodium gluconate is resistant to oxidation and reduction even at high temperatures.
The main property of sodium gluconate is its excellent chelating power, especially in alkaline and concentrated alkaline solutions.

Sodium gluconate forms stable chelates with calcium, iron, copper, aluminium and other heavy metals.
Sodium Gluconate is a useful chelating agent acting as a stabiliser and thickener to improve the quality and stability of food products.
Sodium gluconate inhibits bitter flavours and is used in dairy products, processed fruit, vegetables, cereals, processed meats, preserved fish and many other applications.

Sodium gluconate is a crystalline sodium salt of Gluconic Acid, produced by the fermentation of glucose, and is very soluble in water.
Sodium gluconate is a white crystalline powder that is a salt of gluconic acid, a compound found naturally in fruits and honey.
Sodium gluconate has many uses, including as a chelating agent, which means it can bind to metal ions and prevent them from reacting with other substances in the environment.

This property makes it useful in a variety of applications, including as a preservative in cosmetic products.
The chemical formula for sodium gluconate is NaC6H11O7. It is water-soluble, odorless, and has a slightly sweet taste.
Sodium gluconate is made through the fermentation of glucose using bacteria, such as Aspergillus niger or Gluconobacter suboxydans.

The resulting gluconic acid is then neutralized with sodium hydroxide to form sodium gluconate.
Sodium Gluconate is the sodium salt of gluconic acid with chelating abilities.
Sodium gluconate chelates and forms stable complexes with various ions, preventing them from engaging in chemical reactions, thereby increasing the stability of your cosmetic products.

Sodium gluconate has been used as a component of recording buffer used in two-electrode voltage-clamp (TEVC) recording in Xenopus laevis oocytes.
Sodium gluconate has also been used as a control for sodium.
Sodium gluconate for skin is the salt form of gluconic acid, a mild acid produced from the sugar glucose.

Despite the in-part sugar origins, sodium gluconate in skin care is a synthetic ingredient.
In skin care, sodium gluconate functions as a chelating agent.
Chelating agents are ingredients that bind with metal ions to enhance the stability of other ingredients.

Interestingly, the human body produces gluconates on its own to assist in obtaining nutrients from minerals.
Sodium Gluconate is the sodium salt of Gluconic Acid, produced by the fermentation of glucose.
Sodium Gluconate is widely used in textile dyeing, printing and metal surface treatment.

Sodium Gluconate is a non hazardous, white or yellowish crystal.
Sodium gluconate is an excellent chelating agent and has a wide range of uses in industries such as, cleaners and detergents, food, agrochemicals, construction chemicals, inks/ paints/dyes, metal finishing, paper auxiliaries, textile auxiliaries, water treatment and personal care.
Sodium gluconate is merits use as a chelating agent in personal care items and as a cleanser in industrial and household settings.

When employed for use as a cleanser it is powerful enough to clean metal and glass surfaces.
Sodium gluconate is an unparalleled preservative because it is non-toxic, non-carcinogenic, and biodegradable, and is used to manufacture shampoos, soaps, detergents, dish wash bars, etc.
Sodium gluconate helps in regulating the functioning of the nerves by removing toxic metal ions from the body.

When used as a dietary supplement it restores any deficiency of sodium in the body.
Sodium gluconate works well when used as a food additive to thicken and stabilize packaged food products and increase their shelf life.
Sodium gluconate is used in fertilizers to enable plants to better absorb minerals.

Sodium gluconate improves the water resistance of cement which prevents rusting of iron.
Sodium gluconate is the sodium salt of gluconic acid, produced by fermentation of glucose.
Sodium gluconate is a white to tan, granular to fine, crystalline powder, very soluble in water.

Non corrosive, non-toxic and readily biodegradable (98 % after 2 days), sodium gluconate is more and more appreciated as chelating agent.
The outstanding property of sodium gluconate is its excellent chelating power, especially in alkaline and concentrated alkaline solutions.
Sodium gluconate forms stable chelates with calcium, iron, copper, aluminium and other heavy metals, and in this respect, it surpasses all other chelating agents, such as EDTA, NTA and related compounds.

Sodium gluconate, also called sodium salt of gluconic acid, is produced by fermentation of glucose.
The appearance is white crystalline powder, so it is very soluble in water.
Sodium gluconate has features of non-toxic, non corrosive and readily biodegradable.

As a kind of chemical admixture, Kingsun sodium gluconate always plays an important role in many different fields, such as concrete, textile industry, oil drilling, soap, cosmetics, toothpaste, etc.
Sodium gluconate is a salt of gluconate acid created through the fermentation of glucose.
With a formula of NaC6H11O7, sodium gluconate is a white, granular powder that is highly soluble in cold and hot water.

Sodium gluconate is resistant to oxidation and degradation even at extremely high temperatures.
Sodium gluconate exhibits remarkable stability across a wide range of temperatures.
Sodium gluconate showcases compatibility with oxidisers and possesses an exceptionally low concentration of sulfates.

Sodium gluconate is non-toxic, biodegradable, non-corrosive, and renewable.
Sodium gluconate is mainly used as a chelating agent in alkaline and concentrated alkaline solutions. Due to its excellent chelating power, it creates stable chelates with most heavy metals such as copper, calcium, iron, and aluminium.

Various applications of sodium gluconate include its utilisation as an admixture in cement to extend the setting time, thereby improving the workability and strength of the cement. In the realm of oil and gas well-drilling fluids, it serves as a corrosion and scale inhibitor.
Additionally, sodium gluconate finds application as an additive in metalworking fluids to prevent rust formation and as an industrial cleaner for metal and glass surfaces.

Notably, Sodium gluconate can be effectively formulated and employed as a substitute for common chelating agents like EDTA, citric acid, NTA, and THPS.
Sodium gluconate has many uses in a variety of fields, including the cleaning industry, food industry, water treatment industry, construction sector, and pharmaceutical industry.
Sodium gluconate is a biodegradable odourless non-corrosive salt used in some cleaning and personal care products.

Sodium gluconate is synthesised from gluconic acid, which can be found in nature in honey and wine - and which can be produced through fermentation of plant sugars.
This high-performance ingredient is considered a low hazard and is readily biodegradable, completely breaking down within 2 - 35 days of entering the waterways.
Sodium gluconate is generally immediately available in most volumes.

High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.
American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.
Typical and custom packaging is available.

Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Sodium gluconate is a compound with formula NaC₆H₁₁O₇.
Sodium gluconate is the sodium salt of gluconic acid.

Sodium Gluconate can be used as water reducing agent and retarder in the construction & building industry.
Sodium gluconate can be used cleaning of glass bottle and metal.
Sodium gluconate can be used as water quality stabilizer because it has excellent inhibiting capacity to scale.

In textile industry, used in the cleaning and degreasing of fibers.
Sodium gluconate also can be used as food additives.
Sodium gluconate is used as a set retarder in the concrete industry.

Sodium gluconate delays the setting time of concrete, allowing for more extended workability and preventing the premature setting of the material.
In addition to its role as a concrete set retarder, sodium gluconate may also be used in construction materials to improve their performance and stability.
Sodium gluconate is utilized as an anticorrosion agent in various formulations, helping to protect metal surfaces from corrosion and rust.

Sodium gluconate can serve as a preservative in cosmetic and personal care products, helping to extend their shelf life by preventing the growth of microorganisms.
In household and industrial dishwashing detergents, sodium gluconate acts as a water softener and sequestrant, preventing the formation of scale and improving cleaning efficiency.
Sodium gluconate is used in the pulp and paper industry to enhance the bleaching process, improve pulp quality, and reduce environmental impact.

Sodium gluconate is a common ingredient in metal-cleaning solutions, contributing to the removal of oxides, rust, and other contaminants from metal surfaces.
In cooling water treatment formulations, sodium gluconate helps control scale formation and corrosion in cooling systems.
Sodium gluconate is employed in household and industrial surface cleaning products to improve their effectiveness and prevent mineral deposits.

In certain formulations, sodium gluconate may be used as a fuel additive to improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions.
Sodium gluconate can be included in heat transfer fluids to prevent corrosion in systems where metal surfaces come into contact with the fluid.
Sodium gluconate may find use in certain animal care products, such as shampoos and grooming solutions, for its sequestering and stabilizing properties.

Sodium gluconate is utilized in metal surface treatment processes to enhance the adhesion of coatings or improve the properties of metal surfaces.
Sodium gluconate can serve as a source of sodium ions in certain applications where the controlled release of sodium is desired.
In pharmaceutical formulations, sodium gluconate may be used as an excipient to improve the stability and solubility of certain drugs.

In the oil and gas industry, sodium gluconate has been investigated for its potential use as a gas hydrate inhibitor in pipelines.
Sodium gluconate can be used in liquid detergent formulations, contributing to the overall performance of the cleaning product.

Melting point: 170-175 °C
alpha: [α]D20 +11~+13° (c=10, H2O)
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: H2O: 0.1 g/mL, clear
form: Crystalline Powder
color: White to light beige
PH: 7.0-8.0 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor: wh. to ylsh. cryst. powd., pleasant odor
Water Solubility: Very soluble in water; sparingly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in ether.
Merck: 14,4456
BRN: 3919651
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChI: InChI=1/C6H12O7.Na.H/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;;/h2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);;/t2-,3-,4+,5-;;/s3
InChIKey: MPPJUDJABRMYJR-QZHCVFHNNA-N
SMILES: [C@@H](O)([C@@H](O)C(=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.[NaH] |&1:0,2,7,9,r|
LogP: -3.175 (est)

Sodium gluconate is a compound with formula NaC6H11O7.
Sodium gluconate is the sodium salt of gluconic acid. Its E number is E576.
This white, water-soluble powder has a wide range of applications across industries.

Originally derived from gluconic acid in the 19th century, Sodium Gluconate is known for its chelating properties and is utilized as a chelating agent in various processes.
Sodium gluconate finds applications in textile, metal surface treatment, cement, and more.
Moreover, its non-toxic nature and biodegradability contribute to its use in environmentally conscious practices.

Sodium gluconate has the outstanding property to chelate calcium and other di-and trivalent metal ions.
Sodium gluconate is used in the bottle washing preparations, where it helps in the prevention of scale formation and its removal from glass.
Sodium gluconate is well suited for removing calcareous deposits from metals and other surfaces, including milk or beer scale on galvanised iron or stainless steel.

Sodium gluconate is property of sequestering iron over a wide range of pH is exploited in the textile industry, where it prevents the deposition of iron and for desizing polyester and polyamide fabrics.
Sodium gluconate is also used in metallurgy for alkaline derusting, as well as in the washing of painted walls and removal of metal carbonate precipitates without causing corrosion.
Sodium gluconate Also finds application as an addative to cement, controlling the setting time and increasing the strength and water resistance of the cement.

Sodium gluconate helps in the manufacture of frost and crack resistant concretes.
Sodium gluconate is also used in the household cleaning com-pounds such as mouthwashes.
Sodium gluconate can be produced through the fermentation process or chemical synthesis.

In the fermentation process, glucose is fermented by certain microorganisms, typically strains of Aspergillus niger or Pseudomonas.
Gluconic acid is the primary product of this fermentation, and Sodium Gluconate is derived by neutralizing gluconic acid with sodium hydroxide.
The production of Sodium Gluconate commences with its precursor, gluconic acid.

This organic acid is often obtained through a fermentation process.
Sodium gluconate, or other sugar sources, serves as the substrate for microorganisms, typically bacteria or fungi, to produce gluconic acid.
Once gluconic acid is harvested, it undergoes a transformation into Sodium Gluconate.

The conversion primarily involves a chemical reaction where gluconic acid is neutralized with sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
This reaction results in the formation of Sodium Gluconate, where the sodium ions (Na+) replace the hydrogen ions (H+) in gluconic acid.
Purification often includes filtration and chemical treatments to achieve the desired level of purity.

After crystallization, the Sodium Gluconate crystals still contain residual moisture.
Drying may involve processes like air drying or spray drying.
Sodium gluconate is commonly found in many household and industrial cleaners.

This is because on its multi functionality.
Sodium gluconate acts as a chelating agent, a sequestering agent, a builder and a redeposition agent.
In alkaline cleaners like dishwasher detergents and degreasers it prevents hard water ions (magnesium and calcium) interfering with the alkalies and allows the cleaner to perform to its maximum ability.

Sodium gluconate helps as a soil remover for laundry detergents as it breaks the calcium bond holding the dirt to the fabric and further prevents the soil redepositing onto the fabric again.
Sodium gluconate helps to protect metals like stainless steel when strong caustic based cleaners are used.
Sodium gluconate helps to break down scale, milkstone and beerstone.

As a result Sodium gluconate finds application in many acid based cleaners especially those formulated for use in the food industry.
Sodium gluconate works by chelating and preventing various free ions from engaging in chemical reactions.
Sodium gluconate binds with hard water ions to improve the efficacy of the detergent.

Sodium gluconate is used for passivation of metal surfaces, helping to enhance corrosion resistance by forming a protective layer on the metal.
In electroplating baths, sodium gluconate can serve as a complexing agent to improve the quality and uniformity of metal coatings.
Sodium gluconate is sometimes employed as an environmentally friendly alternative to phosphates in certain applications, such as detergents, where phosphates may contribute to environmental concerns.

Sodium gluconate can act as a chlorine stabilizer in water treatment applications, helping to maintain the effectiveness of chlorine-based disinfectants.
In industrial cleaning formulations, sodium gluconate may be used for metal degreasing, contributing to the removal of oils and greases from surfaces.
Sodium gluconate is utilized as a gypsum retarder in the production of gypsum-based materials, allowing for better control over setting times.

In the oil and gas industry, sodium gluconate is employed in oilfield cementing to improve the performance and workability of cement slurries.
Sodium gluconate is used in wastewater treatment processes to control metal ions and improve the efficiency of various treatment methods.
Sodium gluconate can be added to coatings to improve adhesion, enhance durability, and provide corrosion resistance to the coated surfaces.

In certain formulations, sodium gluconate may contribute to the formation of gels, affecting the viscosity and texture of the product.
Sodium gluconate can serve as a humectant in cosmetic and personal care products, helping to retain moisture and prevent drying of the skin.
Sodium gluconate is used as an admixture in cement-based materials to enhance their properties, such as workability and strength.

In industrial gas scrubbing processes, sodium gluconate may be used to sequester metal ions and improve the efficiency of pollutant removal.
Sodium gluconate can be incorporated into cleaning wipes for metal surfaces, providing a convenient and effective way to remove contaminants.
Sodium gluconate is sometimes used as a dust suppressant on unpaved roads and construction sites to control airborne dust particles.

Sodium gluconate has been explored for potential use in oil spill cleanup, where it may help disperse and solubilize oil.
Sodium gluconate is used in the leather industry as a sequestrant to control metal ions during the tanning process.
Sodium gluconate can be included in concrete repair materials to improve their adhesion and durability.

In hydraulic fracturing (fracking), sodium gluconate may be used as an additive to control the viscosity of fracturing fluids.
In construction applications, sodium gluconate is primarily used as a concrete admixture.
Sodium gluconate can be added to concrete to help reduce the water demand, increase the fluidity of concrete, and improve workability.

Sodium gluconate can also help minimise segregation, shrinkage, and bleeding in concrete mixes.
Sodium gluconate can also reduce the corrosion of steel in concrete materials and speed up the hydration process.
Sodium gluconate also improves the properties of concrete, such as durability, strength, and increased setting times.

This salt can also be used as a set retarder in concrete mixtures to help reduce the rate at which concrete cures.
Sodium gluconate works by influencing the hydration process by reducing the rate of hydration of cement.
This allows more time for the concrete to be mixed and placed.

A non-hazardous white-yellow crystalline powder, sodium gluconate produced by the fermentation of glucose.
Highly soluble in water, it has good sequestering properties and is stable under extreme temperature and alkalinity.
Sodium gluconate is used in metal plating processes, where it helps control the deposition of metal ions and improves the quality of plated surfaces.

In photographic developing solutions, sodium gluconate may be used as a stabilizing agent and to control the pH of the solution.
Sodium gluconate is employed in the printing industry as a sequestrant to prevent unwanted reactions between metal ions and printing ink components.
Sodium gluconate finds application in the oil and gas industry as a shale inhibitor, helping to control the swelling of clay particles in drilling fluids.

In water treatment systems, sodium gluconate is sometimes used as a scale inhibitor in reverse osmosis membranes, helping to prevent the formation of mineral deposits.
Sodium gluconate is used in wastewater treatment to assist in the removal of excess dyes and heavy metals.
Sodium gluconate may be included in formulations for adhesives and sealants to improve their performance and stability.

In some formulations, sodium gluconate is used as a component of fire-retardant solutions.
Sodium gluconate can be used in agriculture to improve the efficiency of certain agrochemicals by sequestering metal ions that may interfere with their performance.
Sodium gluconate may be used as an additive in animal feed to provide essential nutrients and improve feed quality.

In electroplating baths, sodium gluconate helps regulate the deposition of metal coatings on surfaces.
In enhanced oil recovery processes, sodium gluconate may be used as a surfactant to improve the displacement of oil from reservoirs.
Sodium gluconate can be used in hydroponic systems to prevent the precipitation of mineral salts and maintain nutrient availability to plants.

Sodium gluconate is utilized in the paper industry as a chelating agent to improve the efficiency of certain chemicals used in the pulping and bleaching processes.
Sodium gluconate may find application in the electronics industry for cleaning and etching processes.

Sodium gluconate is used in textile printing to improve the dyeing properties and color fastness of printed fabrics.
In winter road maintenance, sodium gluconate has been explored as a potential environmentally friendly deicing agent.

Uses:
Sodium gluconate is used as a natural preservative.
Sodium gluconate prevents the growth of microbes in our products to keep them safe for consumers.
Sodium gluconate also works as a skin-conditioning agent and a chelating agent which helps cleansing products to foam better in hard water.

Sodium gluconate has been used as a component of recording buffer used in two-electrode voltage-clamp (TEVC) recording in Xenopus laevis oocytes.
Sodium gluconate has also been used as a control for sodium.
Sodium gluconate's early uses were primarily in medicine due to its mild and non-toxic properties.

Over time, its applications expanded to various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, construction, textiles, and more, as its versatile properties and safety profile became more widely recognized.
Sodium gluconate is used as a food additive for various purposes, including as a sequestrant to prevent metal ions from affecting the color, flavor, or stability of food products.
Sodium gluconate is employed in the construction industry as a concrete admixture.

Sodium gluconate acts as a water reducer and retarder, enhancing the workability and performance of concrete.
In textile dyeing and printing, Sodium gluconate is utilized as a chelating agent to improve color fastness.
Sodium gluconate is employed for metal surface treatment and cleaning, particularly for steel surfaces.

Sodium gluconate can be found in cleaning agents for glass bottles and as a chelating agent in various cleaning formulations.
Sodium gluconate is used as surface cleaning agent for metals.
Sodium gluconate is used as cleaning agent of glass bottles.

Sodium gluconate also can be used as water reducing agent and retarder in the building industry.
Sodium gluconate is also an efficient set retarder and a good plasticiser & water reducer for concrete, cement, mortar and gypsum.
Sodium gluconate is used as a concrete admix.

Sodium gluconate offers several benefits including improved workability, retarding setting times, reducing water, improved freeze-thawing resistance, reduced bleeding, cracking and dry shrinkage.
When added at a level of 0.3% sodium gluconate can retard setting time of cement to over 16 hours depending on ratio of water and cement, temperature etc.
As Sodium gluconate acts as a corrosion inhibitor it helps to protect iron bars used in concrete from corrosion.

Sodium gluconate can be added to coatings to improve adhesion, enhance durability, and provide corrosion resistance to the coated surfaces.
In industrial gas scrubbing processes, sodium gluconate may be used to sequester metal ions and improve the efficiency of pollutant removal.
Sodium gluconate is utilized in industrial cleaning formulations for metal surfaces, contributing to the removal of oxides, rust, and other contaminants.

In certain formulations, sodium gluconate may contribute to the formation of gels, affecting the viscosity and texture of the product.
Sodium gluconate can serve as a humectant in cosmetic and personal care products, helping to retain moisture in the skin.
Sodium gluconate is used as an admixture in cement-based materials to enhance their properties, such as workability and strength.

In the oil and gas industry, sodium gluconate has been investigated for its potential use as a gas hydrate inhibitor in pipelines.
Sodium gluconate can be used in liquid detergent formulations, contributing to the overall performance of the cleaning product.
Sodium gluconate is used for passivation of metal surfaces, helping to enhance corrosion resistance by forming a protective layer on the metal.

In electroplating baths, sodium gluconate can serve as a complexing agent to improve the quality and uniformity of metal coatings.
Sodium gluconate is sometimes employed as an environmentally friendly alternative to phosphates in certain applications, such as detergents, where phosphates may contribute to environmental concerns.
Sodium gluconate can act as a chlorine stabilizer in water treatment applications, helping to maintain the effectiveness of chlorine-based disinfectants.

In industrial cleaning formulations, sodium gluconate may be used for metal degreasing, contributing to the removal of oils and greases from surfaces.
Sodium gluconate is utilized as a gypsum retarder in the production of gypsum-based materials, allowing for better control over setting times.
In the oil and gas industry, sodium gluconate is employed in oilfield cementing to improve the performance and workability of cement slurries.

Sodium gluconate is used in wastewater treatment processes to control metal ions and improve the efficiency of various treatment methods.
Sodium gluconate is used in the leather industry as a sequestrant to control metal ions during the tanning process.
Sodium gluconate can be included in concrete repair materials to improve adhesion and durability.

In hydraulic fracturing (fracking), sodium gluconate may be used as an additive to control the viscosity of fracturing fluids.
Sodium gluconate can be incorporated into cleaning wipes for metal surfaces, providing a convenient and effective way to remove contaminants.
Sodium gluconate is a useful ingredient when it comes to personal care and cosmetics.

From increasing the shelf life of the products to making them more appealing for the user - this ingredient does it all.
In skin care products, Sodium gluconate is commonly used as a chelating agent, which means it can help to remove unwanted metals from formulations - which ultimately improves their stability and texture.
Sodium gluconate is also a good preservative, as it can help prevent the growth of harmful bacteria and fungi in the products, extending their shelf life.

Sodium gluconate is used to improve the performance and appeal of many hair care products.
Sodium gluconate removes unwanted metal ions from the products, improving the clarity and reducing the buildup of minerals on hair.
Sodium gluconate also prevents dryness and breakage, leaving hair looking and feeling healthier.

Apart from being a chelating agent, sodium gluconate is also good at hydration.
Sodium gluconate makes the cosmetic products more hydrating for the skin and prevents the surface from drying out by retaining water.
Overall, this ingredient improves the user experience and the appeal of the products.

Sodium gluconate is used in electroplating and metal finishing because of its strong affinity for metal ions.
Acting as a sequestrant it stabilises the solution preventing impurities from triggering undesirable reactions in the bath.
The chelation properties of Sodium gluconate assist in the deterioration of the anode thus increasing plating bath efficiency.

Sodium gluconate can be used in copper, zinc and cadmium plating baths for brightening and increasing luster.
Sodium gluconate is used in agrochemicals and in particular fertilisers. It helps plants and crops to absorb necessary minerals from the soil.
Commonly found in salts with sodium and calcium.

Sodium gluconate or gluconate is used to maintain the cation-anion balance on electrolyte solutions.
Sodium gluconate is primarily used as a chelating agent in the cleaning industry.
Sodium gluconate binds and removes mineral salts and metals from surfaces, making them easier to clean.

This salt is also used as a corrosion inhibitor in industrial cleaning solutions.
Sodium gluconate can also be used as a cleaning agent for laundry detergents, thanks to its ability to break calcium bonds carrying dirt.
Sodium gluconate is used as a concrete admixture to improve the workability and strength of concrete.

Sodium gluconate acts as a water reducer and retarder, allowing for better control of the setting time.
Sodium gluconate is chelating properties make it effective in sequestering metal ions, particularly calcium, iron, and magnesium.
This makes it useful in water treatment to prevent scale formation.

As a set retarder, sodium gluconate delays the setting time of concrete, allowing for extended workability and improved placement of the material.
Sodium gluconate is employed in water treatment processes to control scale formation and prevent corrosion in pipelines and equipment.
Sodium gluconate is a common ingredient in detergents and industrial cleaners, where it acts as a sequestrant to prevent the redeposition of dirt and improve cleaning efficiency.

In the food industry, sodium gluconate is used as a sequestrant and stabilizer.
Sodium gluconate may be added to certain food and beverage products to control acidity and improve stability.
Sodium gluconate is used in the textile industry, especially in dyeing processes, to improve the color fastness of dyes and enhance the overall dyeing performance.

Sodium gluconate can be included in concrete repair materials to improve adhesion and durability.
In the oil and gas industry, sodium gluconate is used in drilling and cementing fluids as a shale inhibitor and fluid-loss control additive.
Sodium gluconate serves as a complexing agent in metal plating baths to improve the quality and uniformity of metal coatings.

Sodium gluconate is used in photographic developing solutions as a stabilizing agent and pH regulator.
Sodium gluconate is employed for passivating metal surfaces, helping to enhance corrosion resistance.
Sodium gluconate can be incorporated into cleaning wipes for metal surfaces, providing an efficient way to remove contaminants.

In the pharmaceutical industry, sodium gluconate may be used as an excipient or stabilizing agent in certain formulations.
Sodium gluconate can serve as a humectant in cosmetic and personal care products, helping to retain moisture in the skin.
Sodium gluconate may be included in formulations for adhesives and sealants to improve their performance and stability.

Sodium gluconate is used as a gypsum retarder in the production of gypsum-based materials.
Sodium gluconate may find applications in cleaning and etching processes in the electronics industry.

Sodium gluconate is used as a scale inhibitor in reverse osmosis membranes to prevent the formation of mineral deposits.
Sodium gluconate is employed in wastewater treatment processes to control metal ions and improve the efficiency of treatment methods.

Safety profile:
Sodium gluconate is generally considered safe for the skin and hair.
Sodium gluconate is non-comedogenic and does not typically cause allergic reactions, but it is still recommended to do a patch test.
Sodium gluconate is vegan and halal, as it is derived from plant-based sources and does not contain animal products.

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes
Sodium Gluconate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for consumption by regulatory authorities such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Sodium gluconate is considered non-toxic and safe for use in food and pharmaceuticals.
SODIUM GLYCINATE
SODIUM GLYCOLATE, N° CAS : 2836-32-0 - Glycolate de sodium, Nom INCI : SODIUM GLYCOLATE, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 220-624-9, Ses fonctions (INCI), Régulateur de pH : Stabilise le pH des cosmétiques. Noms français : GLYCOLATE DE SODIUM. Noms anglais : ACETIC ACID, HYDROXY-, MONOSODIUM SALT; GLYCOLIC ACID, MONOSODIUM SALT; SODIUM .ALPHA.-HYDROXYACETATE; SODIUM GLYCOLATE
SODIUM GLYCOLATE ( Glycolate de sodium)
cas no 10124-56-8 Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt; Calgon S; SHMP; Glassy sodium; Hexasodium metaphosphate; Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt; Sodium Polymetaphosphate; sodium polymetaphosphate; Graham's Salt; Graham's salt; SHMP;
SODIUM HEXAFLUOROALUMINATE
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate, commonly known as cryolite, plays a pivotal role in various industries, serving as a flux agent in aluminum smelting, a key component in synthetic resins for abrasives, and an opacifier in glass and ceramic production.
Its discovery in 1799 by Peder Christian Abildgaard marked the beginning of its industrial applications, particularly in the extraction of aluminum from oxide ores, where its use significantly enhances energy efficiency compared to traditional methods.
With its unique physical properties including low refractive index and high solubility in aluminum oxides, sodium hexafluoroaluminate continues to be synthesized from fluorite for diverse industrial applications worldwide.

CAS Number: 13775-53-6
EC Number: 237-410-6
Chemical formula: Na3AlF6
Molar mass: 209.94 g/mol

Synonyms: Cryolite, Aluminate(3-), hexafluoro-, trisodium (8CI), Villiaumite, Sodium aluminum hexafluoride, Trinatriumhexafluoraluminate(3-), synthetic cryolite, aluminate(3-), hexafluoro-, sodium (1:3), Trisodium hexafluoroaluminate(3-), trisodium aluminum hexafluoride, sodium aluminum fluoride, aluminum sodium fluoride, cryolite, synthetic, Aluminate(3-), hexafluoro-, sodium (1:3), (OC-6-11)-, Aluminate(3-), hexafluoro-, trisodium, Aluminum sodium fluoride (Na3AlF6), Aluminum sodium fluoride (Na3AlF6), Aluminum sodium hexafluoride (AlNa3F6), Aluminum sodium hexafluoride (AlNa3F6), Aluminum trisodium hexafluoride, Hexafluoroaluminate de trisodium, Hexafluoroaluminato De Trisodio, Sodium Hexafluoroaluminate, Sodium aluminum fluoride, Sodium aluminum hexafluoride, Sodium fluoaluminate(3-), Sodium fluoroaluminate (Na3AlF6), Sodium fluoroaluminate (Na3AlF6), Sodium hexafluoroaluminate (Na3AlF6), Sodium hexafluoroaluminate (Na3AlF6), Sodium hexafluoroaluminate(3-), Trinatriumhexafluoraluminat, Trisodium Hexafluoroaluminate, Trisodium Hexafluoroaluminate(3-), Trisodium aluminum hexafluoride, Cryolite, Kryolite, Sodium aluminium hexafluoride, Sodium fluoroaluminate, Trisodium hexafluoroaluminate, CRYOLITE, Sodium hexafluoroaluminate, 15096-52-3, 13775-53-6, Aluminum trisodium hexafluoride, sodium hexafluoroaluminate(III), trisodium;hexafluoroaluminum(3-), MFCD00003507, AlF6.3Na, UNII-5ZIS914RQ9, Na3AlF6, Sodium aluminium fluoride, Na3[AlF6], Aluminum sodium hexafluoride, trisodium hexafluoridoaluminate, sodiumhexafluoroaluminate(III), 5ZIS914RQ9, CHEMBL3988899, CHEBI:39289, sodium hexafluoridoaluminate(3-), Sodium hexafluoroaluminate, 97%, trisodium hexafluoroaluminum(3-), sodium hexafluoridoaluminate(III), trisodium hexafluoroaluminate(3-), 5473AF, AKOS025310262, trisodium hexakis(fluoranyl)aluminum(3-), Chromium Boride (Cr2B) Sputtering Targets, Cryolite, synthetic, >=97.0% (from F), FT-0624109, C18816, trisodium (OC-6-11)-hexafluoroaluminate(3-), A809094, Q927885, J-008762, Aluminate(3-), hexafluoro- trisodium, (OC-6-11)-, Sodium hexafluoroaluminate, 99.98% trace metals basis, Cryolite,naturallyoccurringmineral,grains,approximately0.06-19in

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is a biochemical for proteomics research.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is used as a flux agent or bath material by aluminum smelters in the production of aluminum.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is also used in the production of synthetic resins for abrasives and in the manufacture of cutting or grinding discs.

Minor uses are as a coloring agent (opacifier) in the glass, ceramic and pyrotechnic industries.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate occurs naturally as the mineral cryolite, which is used extensively in the industrial production of aluminium.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is an inorganic compound with formula Na₃AlF₆.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is the sodium salt of the hexafluoroaluminate ion.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is an inorganic compound with formula Na3AlF6.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate, discovered in 1799 by Peder Christian Abildgaard (1740–1801), occurs naturally as the mineral cryolite and is used extensively in the industrial production of aluminium metal.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is the sodium (Na+) salt of the hexafluoroaluminate (AlF63−) ion.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is an inorganic compound with formula Na3AlF6. 
The mineral form of sodium hexafluoroaluminate, which is called cryolite is a biochemical for proteomics research.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is also used in the production of synthetic resins for abrasives and in the manufacture of cutting or grinding discs

Sodium aluminum hexafluoride is used as a solvent (or flux) for electrolysis aluminum oxides such as bauxite, whitener for enamels and an opacifier for glass and in the industrial production of aluminum.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is a chemical compound of sodium, fluorine, and aluminum that occurs naturally as the mineral cryolite.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is used in the production of insecticides, in the glass and enamel industries, as well as being a solvent for bauxite in the electrolytic manufacture of aluminium.
Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust and is always found combined with other elements such as oxygen, silicon, and fluorine.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is also called cryolite, which molecular formula is Na3AlF6.
With excellent properties, Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is not only an indispensable co-solvent in the aluminum smelting industry, but also widely used in other industries, such as opalizers in the enamel industry, opacifiers in the glass industry, and wear-resistant fillers in the rubber and grinding wheel industries.

Sodium Hexafluoroaluminate market:
Global Sodium Hexafluoroaluminate market research report framed by focusing on specific business needs.
Further, the study document focuses on the market designs, advancement openings, key end-customer adventures, and market-driving players.

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The study breaks market by revenue and volume (wherever applicable) and price history to estimates size and trend analysis and identifying gaps and opportunities.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is Define, describe and forecast the Sodium Hexafluoroaluminate Market by type, application, and region to Study the global and key regions market potential and advantage, opportunity and challenge, restraints and risks.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate was historically used as an ore of aluminium and later in the electrolytic processing of the aluminium-rich oxide ore bauxite (itself a combination of aluminium oxide minerals such as gibbsite, boehmite and diaspore).

The difficulty of separating aluminium from oxygen in the oxide ores was overcome by the use of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate as a flux to dissolve the oxide mineral(s).
Pure Sodium hexafluoroaluminate itself melts at 1012 °C (1285 K), and Sodium hexafluoroaluminate can dissolve the aluminium oxides sufficiently well to allow easy extraction of the aluminium by electrolysis.

Substantial energy is still needed for both heating the materials and the electrolysis, but Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is much more energy-efficient than melting the oxides themselves.
As natural Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is too rare to be used for this purpose, synthetic sodium aluminium fluoride is produced from the common mineral fluorite.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate occurs as glassy, colorless, white-reddish to gray-black prismatic monoclinic crystals.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate has a Mohs hardness of 2.5 to 3 and a specific gravity of about 2.95 to 3.0.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is translucent to transparent with a very low refractive index of about 1.34, which is very close to that of water; thus if immersed in water, Sodium hexafluoroaluminate becomes essentially invisible.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate was first described in 1799 by Danish veterinarian and physician Peder Christian Abildgaard (1740-1801).
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate was obtained from a deposit of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate in Ivigtut and nearby Arsuk Fjord, Southwest Greenland.
The name is derived from the Greek language words κρνος (cryos) = ice, and λιθος (lithos) = stone.

Due to Sodium hexafluoroaluminates rarity Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is possibly the only mineral on Earth ever to be mined to commercial extinction.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is used as an insecticide and a pesticide.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is also used to give fireworks a yellow color.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is used as a solvent for aluminium oxide (Al2O3) in the Hall–Héroult process, used in the refining of aluminum.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is a white crystalline powder manufactured from hydrofluoric acid, sodium carbonate, and aluminium.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is used chiefly as a flux in the electrolytic production of aluminum as Sodium hexafluoroaluminate effectively lowers down the melting point of alumina.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is used in the glass and enamel industries, in bonded abrasives as a filler, in making salts of sodium and aluminum and porcelaneous glass and in the manufacture of insecticides.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is a relatively safe fruit and vegetable insecticide.

The fluoride ion inhibits many enzymes that contain iron, calcium, and magnesium.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is a white or colorless mineral form of sodium aluminofluoride, which crystallizes in the monoclinic system but has a pseudocubic aspect; found in masses of waxy luster; hardness is 2.5 on Mohs scale, and specific gravity is 3.0.

The powder becomes almost invisible in water due to Sodium hexafluoroaluminates low refractive index.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is mined in significant quantities in Greenland ( so also known as Greenland spar; ice stone), and in small amounts in elsewhere.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is manufactured from hydrofluoric acid, sodium carbonate, and aluminium.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is used chiefly as a flux in the electrolytic production of aluminum from bauxite as Sodium hexafluoroaluminate effectively lowers down the melting point of alumina.

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is used in the glass and enamel industries, in bonded abrasives as a filler, in making salts of sodium and aluminum and porcelaneous glass and in the manufacture of insecticides.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is a relatively safe fruit and vegetable insecticide.

The fluoride ion inhibits many enzymes that contain iron, calcium, and magnesium.
Several of these enzymes are involved in energy production in cells, as in the case of phosphatases and phosphorylases.

Use of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:
The main application of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is as a solvent (or flux) for electrolysis of aluminium oxides such as bauxite.
The conversion of aluminium oxides into metallic aluminium requires that the metal ions be dissolved so that they can accept the electrons provided in the electrolysis cell.
A mixture of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate and some aluminium trifluoride is used as that solvent.

Unlike typical solutions, this one requires temperatures approaching 1000 °C to melt.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is also used as a pesticide.
Other uses include a whitener for enamels and an opacifier for glass.

Application of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is mainly used as a flux for aluminum electrolysis, and also as a wear-resistant additive for grinding products, which can effectively improve the wear-resistant cutting force of the grinding wheel and prolong Sodium hexafluoroaluminates service life and storage time.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is a flux for ferroalloy and boiling steel, non-ferrous metals and soldering materials, a deoxidizer for casting, a catalyst for olefin polymerization, and an anti-reflective coating and opacifierfor glass, an emulsifier for enamel, a filler for ceramic industry, and a pesticide for agriculture, etc.

Preparation of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with aluminium oxide and hydrofluoric acid.
6 NaOH + Al2O3 + 12 HF → 2 Na3AlF6 + 9 H2O

Sodium hexafluoroaluminate precipitates out of the solution, due to Sodium hexafluoroaluminates very low solubility in water.

Production of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:
Most Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is manufactured by a variety of related pathways.

One route entails combining sodium aluminate and hydrofluoric acid:
Na3Al(OH)6 + 6 HF → Na3AlF6 + 6 H2O

Often the hexafluorosilicic acid, which is recovered from phosphate mining, is the precursor in a two-step process beginning with neutralization with ammonia to give ammonium hexafluorosilicate:
H3AlF6 + 3 NH3 → (NH4)3AlF6
(NH4)3AlF6 + 3 NaOH → Na3AlF6 + 3 NH3 + 3 H2O

The mineral form of sodium hexafluoroaluminate, which is called cryolite, was mined at Ivigtût on the west coast of Greenland until the deposit was depleted in 1987.

Properties of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:

Chemical Properties:
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate will dissolve aluminium oxide and the electrolysis of this mixture will give aluminium metal.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is mostly inert to most reagents and oxidizers.

Physical Properties:
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is a white solid, insoluble in water or other solvents.

Solubility of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is poorly soluble in water.
The LD50 is 600 mg/kg for the comparable compound aluminium trifluoride.

Availability of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is sold by various chemical suppliers.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate can also be bought online.
Natural Sodium hexafluoroaluminate can be found in various parts of the world, such as Greenland or several US states.

The requirements for sodium hexafluoroaluminate:
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is rarely produced in nature and is usually manufactured artificially.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminates consumption in the aluminum industry is large, and the annual consumption in the world is about 700,000 tons.

As a flux for electrolytic aluminum smelting, Sodium hexafluoroaluminate must meet certain requirements in terms of sodium to aluminum molecular ratio, impurity content, and water content.
The ratio of sodium to aluminum in Sodium hexafluoroaluminate should be as high as possible.

The higher the molecular ratio, the higher the current efficiency of electrolytic aluminum smelting, the less fluorine loss, and the less environmental pollution Sodium hexafluoroaluminate causes.
Moreover, sodium hexafluoroaluminate with high molecule ratio is more suitable for use in industries other than the aluminum industry.

The content of impurities such as silicon oxide, iron oxide and phosphorus pentoxide in Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is low.
These impurities will directly affect the quality of aluminum ingots and the current efficiency of aluminum smelting.

The water content of sodium hexafluoroaluminate should be as low as possible.
Water will increase the consumption of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate.

Storage of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate doesn't require special storage conditions.
Any clean plastic bottle can be used as storage container.

Safety of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate has relative low toxicity.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is often used as roach killer.

Disposal Methods of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate doesn't require special disposal.
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate can be dumped in the trash.

Identifiers of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:
CAS Number: 13775-53-6
ChEBI: CHEBI:39289
UNII: 5ZIS914RQ9
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID90872955
InChI:
InChI=1S/Al.6FH.3Na/h;6*1H;;;/q+3;;;;;;;3*+1/p-6
Key: REHXRBDMVPYGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-H

InChI=1/Al.6FH.3Na/h;6*1H;;;/q+3;;;;;;;3*+1/p-6/rAlF6.3Na/c2-1(3,4,5,6)7;;;/q-3;3*+1
Key: REHXRBDMVPYGJX-ZWHJLPLDAC
SMILES: [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].F[Al-3](F)(F)(F)(F)F

Quality Level: 100
assay: 97%
form: powder
reaction: suitability
reagent type: catalyst
core: aluminum
density: 2.9 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: F[Al](F)(F)(F)(F)(F)([Na])([Na])[Na]
InChI: 1S/Al.6FH.3Na/h;6*1H;;;/q+3;;;;;;;3*+1/p-6
InChI key: REHXRBDMVPYGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-H

CAS Number: 13775-53-6
Molecular Weight: 209.94
EC Number: 237-410-6
MDL number: MFCD00003507
NACRES: NA.23

Properties of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:
Chemical formula: Na3AlF6
Molar mass: 209.94 g/mol
Appearance: white powder
Density: 2.9 g/cm3, solid
Melting point: 950 °C (1,740 °F; 1,220 K)
Boiling point: decomposes
Solubility in water: 0.04% (20°C)
Vapor pressure: essentially 0

An odorless white solid or powder.
mp: 1291°C.
Density: 2.95 g/cm3.
Dust irritates the eyes and skin; inhaled dust irritates the nose, mouth and lungs.
Insoluble in water.
Synthesized by fusion of sodium fluoride and aluminum fluoride as a electrolyte in the reduction of alumina to aluminum metal.
Occurs in nature as the mineral cryolite.
Aqueous suspensions of powdered sodium aluminum fluoride are used as insecticides.

Names of Sodium hexafluoroaluminate:
Sodium fluoroaluminate
Cryolite
Kryolite
Aluminate(3-)
Hexafluoro-
Trisodium
(OC-6-11)-
SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is an inorganic compound of sodium salt and hexaphosphoric acid.
Sodium hexametaphosphate is an inorganic salt having the chemical formula Na6[(PO3)6].
Sodium polyphosphate is a type of sodium phosphate and a salt of sodium ion and phosphate.


CAS Number: 68915-31-1
EC Number: 272-808-3
Chemical formula: Na6P6O18


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a hexamer of the compound (NaPO3) 6.
Commercial Sodium Hexametaphosphate is typically a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates of which the hexamer is a and is the compound often referred to by this name.
More precisely, Sodium Hexametaphosphate is called sodium polymetasphate.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a salt of composition Na6[(PO3)6].
Sodium hexametaphosphate of commerce is typically a mixture of metaphosphates (empirical formula: NaPO3), of which the hexamer is one, and is usually the compound referred to by this name.


Such a mixture is more correctly termed sodium polymetaphosphate.
They are white solids that dissolve in water.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is an inorganic salt having the chemical formula Na6[(PO3)6].


Commercially, Sodium Hexametaphosphate typically occurs as a mixture of metaphosphates having a hexamer form.
More precisely, this type of mixture can be named a sodium polymetaphosphate.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate occurs as a white solid that dissolves in water.
The other names that we can use to name Sodium Hexametaphosphate include Calgon S, glassy sodium, Graham’s salt, metaphosphoric acid, etc.


The molar mass of Sodium Hexametaphosphate is 611.77 g/mol.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate appears as white crystals, and it is odorless.
Although Sodium Hexametaphosphate is water-soluble, insoluble in organic solvents.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is colorless transparent flake like foliated glass or float sand crystalline powder.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate’s easily soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvent such as ethanol and ether.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate absorbs moisture easily.


When put in air, it could slowly absorb moisture and turn into viscose-like substance.
Aqueous solution could react with metal ions such as Calcium, Magnesium, to form complex compound.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate's melting point is 616℃ (decompose).


Sodium Hexametaphosphate's relative density is 2.484g/cm3 (20℃).
Sodium Hexametaphosphate should be stored in a dry and ventilative warehouse, kept away from heat and moisture during transportation, unloaded with care so as to avoid damage.


Furthermore, Sodium Hexametaphosphate must be stored separately from poisonous substances.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is also called as Calgon.
The formula for Sodium Hexametaphosphate is (NaPO3)6.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a gathering of sodium polyphosphate polymers based on repeating NaPO3 units.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a water dissolvable polyphosphate glass that comprises of circulation of polyphosphate chain lengths.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a complex phosphate glass produced by a thermal process from soda ash and food-grade phosphoric acid.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate are white or clear, odorless plates.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a multi-purpose sequestrant and is a versatile ingredient to have on hand for your culinary creations.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a dry powder dispersion agent mixed into soil hydrometer solutions to prevent clay platelets from sticking together in the sedimentation solution.


Sodium Metaphosphate, Sodium Trimetaphosphate and Sodium Hexametaphosphate are all sodium polyphosphates made of repeating units of NaPO3.
Sodium Metaphosphate generally refers to a long chain of NaPO3 units that is not soluble in water, which is why it is sometimes called insoluble metaphosphate.
Sodium Trimetaphosphate has three NaPO3 units, and Sodium Hexametaphosphate has six NaPO3 units.


Both the Trimetaphosphate and the Hexametaphosphate are soluble in water.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is one of the popular food additives and ingredients in most countries.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a mixture of polymeric Meta phosphates of which the Hexamer is one.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is prepared by heating Monosodium Orthophosphate until it starts melting and the process is followed by rapid cooling.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
One of the most common applications of Sodium Hexametaphosphate is water treatment, where it acts as a sequestrant, water softening, deflocculating, dispersing and antiscale agent.
Basically, Sodium Hexametaphosphate is aimed to prevent the steel and mineral corrosion.


A particular case of Sodium Hexametaphosphate use is the case of when it is added into a boiler compound to settle calcium hardness down in factory boiler waters with high calcium level.
Industrial applications of Sodium Hexametaphosphate are numerous and some of them appear to be helpful in diverse domains with one and the same property.


Due to its anti-staining and tartar prevention capabilities, Sodium Hexametaphosphate is successfully used as an active ingredient in toothpaste and other tooth whitening products, and it is also added to dog foods for the same reason.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used to stabilize the emulsion and to improve the corrosion inhibition in the paint and coating industry.


During the production, Sodium Hexametaphosphate acts as a dispersing agent affecting the pigment particles and increasing the protection properties of a product.
This formulation allows the formation of a thin film which is useful in paper making industry and in metallurgy as well.
In addition, Sodium Hexametaphosphate can usually be found in detergent formulations and such products like dishwashers, bath salts, and soaps.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used as a sequestrant and has applications in a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive used under E number E452i.
Sometimes sodium carbonate is added to Sodium Hexametaphosphate to raise the pH to 8.0-8.6, which produces a number of SHMP products used for water softening and detergents.


An important use for Sodium Hexametaphosphate is as a dissolving agent in the manufacture of clay-based ceramic particles.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is also used as a dispersant to break up clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used as an anti-staining and anti-tartar ingredient as an active ingredient in toothpastes.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate takes the hardness of the water. By softening the water, it provides better wetting of the dust in the environment.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate prevents the formation of unwanted salts and cations in the soap or detergent industry.
Artificial maple syrup, canned milk, cheese powder and dips, imitation cheese, whipped tray, packaged egg whites, steak, fish fillet, fruit jelly, frozen desserts, salad dressing, herring, breakfast cereal, ice cream, beer and bottled beverages, other Besides foods, Sodium Hexametaphosphate may contain sodium hexametaphosphate.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i. Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to Sodium Hexametaphosphate to raise the pH to 8.0–8.6, which produces a number of Sodium Hexametaphosphate products used for water softening and detergents.


A significant use for Sodium Hexametaphosphate is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles. Sodium Hexametaphosphate is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.


In food industry, Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used as an additive, nourishing agent, quality improver, pH regulator, metal ions chelating agent, adhesive and leavening agent etc.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a food additive used in dairy product, canned milk, packaged egg whites, ice cream, seafood and meat processing.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is also used as a sequestrant and water softening agent and detergents.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining agent.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate prevents the steel corrosion.


Further, Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used in building, water treatment and in photographic developing.
In addition, Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used as a retarder in dental alginate impression materials and as a thinner for petroleum drilling fluids.
There are different uses of Sodium Hexametaphosphate, which include using it as a sequestrant, as a food additive in the food industry, as a water softening agent, and as a detergent.


Another important use of Sodium Hexametaphosphate is using it as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.
Moreover, we can use Sodium Hexametaphosphate as a dispersing agent for the breakdown of clay and other soil types in soil texture assessments.
When Sodium Hexametaphosphate is added to water normally deposits CaCO3 scale, when made more alkaline or when heated the complex phosphate inhibits precipitation.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is advantageous where the boiler water naturally tends to become too alkaline because this reduces excess alkalinity by reversion in the boiler to an acid orthophosphate.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used as a surfactant, emulsifier, suspending agent, dispersing agent and as buffer.


Industrial uses include clay processing, drilling fluids and cleaning products which stick together and form clumps.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used in water treatment, when added to a municipal or industrial water systems it helps to reduce scale formation, corrosion, and biofilm formation in pipes and other equipment.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate(E425i) is the best performing sequestrant available.
This enables gelling agents to be hydrated at much lower temperatures.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is also used in conjunction with sodium carbonate in certain situations.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used artificial maple syrup, canned milk, cheese powders and dips, imitation cheese, whipped topping, packaged egg whites, roast beef, fish fillets, fruit jelly, frozen desserts, salad dressing, herring, breakfast cereal, ice cream, beer, and bottled beverages, among other foods, can contain sodium hexametaphosphate.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is cleared by the Meat and Poultry Inspection Division to decrease the amount of cooked-out juices in poultry, canned hams, pork shoulder picnics and loins, canned hams and pork shoulder picnics, chopped ham and bacon as follows: 5.0% phosphate in pickle at 10% pump level; 0.5% phosphate in product (only clear solutions may be injected into product).


Sodium Hexametaphosphate, also referred to as E452i, SHMP, Graham's Salt, Sodium Polymetaphosphate, or just Hex, is an additive in a variety of foods and beverages and commonly used for thickening, emulsifying, and adding texture.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is vegan, kosher, and gluten-free.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate can be added to an assortment of food, beverage, and personal care applications such as syrups, canned milk, powdered and imitation cheese products, whipped toppings, dips, packaged egg whites and other proteins, jellies, frozen desserts, dressings, cereals, beverages, bath products, cosmetics, pet food, and more.


Additionally, Sodium Hexametaphosphate is an ingredient that is commonly added to fruit juices that contain pulp to help prevent the pulp from settling at the bottom.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a white, odorless powder used to thicken, emulsify, or add texture to foods, beverages, pet-related goods, and personal care products, and its additionally used in certain methods of chelation.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used as quality improver, pH regulator, chelating agent, binder and swelling agent.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate’s also used to stabilize natural pigment in beans, fruit vegetable cans and bean stuffing; to emulsify fat in canned meat.
For canned food and meat product, it could improve their water holding capacity and prevent fat from corrosion.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate may clarify beer to avoid turbidity,
Sodium Hexametaphosphate’s an excellent water softener without precipitation.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate generally performs very well at close-to-neutral pH ranges, while tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) work best under alkaline conditions.


Monosodium phosphate (MSP) is often used together with SHMP for more acidic pH environments.
The so-called threshold effect refers to the ability of some phosphate compounds to inhibit the formation of carbonate or sulfate scales well below the amount that would be required for a stoichimetric 1:1 combination with the metal ions.


This apparently results by the phosphate interfering with early crystal growth.
In the case of SHMP, only 2-4 ppm is all that is required to inhibit scale formation in water with relatively high calcium levels.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Sodium Metaphosphate, Sodium Trimetaphosphate and Sodium Hexametaphosphate are used in the formulation of makeup foundations, mascara, bath products, and moisturizing and skin care products.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is sometimes called Sodium Polymetaphosphate, which stands for a more correct chemical term, but is rarely used among manufacturers, suppliers, and distributors.
In general, all applications of Sodium Hexametaphosphate fall into two grades: food grade and industrial/tech grade.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used in a variety of food products and is labeled as E452i, although it is generally recognized as safe when applied in foods.
Due to its characteristics of sequestrant, thickener, emulsifier, and texturizer, Sodium Hexametaphosphate can be found in many daily products that we consume.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a food additive used in dairy product, canned milk, packaged egg whites, ice cream, seafood and meat processing.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is also used as a sequestrant and water softening agent and detergents.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining agent.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate prevents the steel corrosion.


Further, Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used in building, water treatment and in photographic developing.
In addition, Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used as a retarder in dental alginate impression materials and as a thinner for petroleum drilling fluids.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is widely used in water softeners & detergents.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is also used in leather tanning, dyeing, laundry work and textile processing.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used in process called ‘threshold treatment’ which is softening of industrial water supplies.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used as a sequestrant and as a food additive.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used in a variety of applications like as a food additive, as a deflocculant in the manufacture of clay-based ceramic particles and as an active ingredient in toothpaste.


-Food additive:
As a food additive, Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used as an emulsifier.
Artificial maple syrup, canned milk, cheese powders and dips, imitation cheese, whipped topping, packaged egg whites, roast beef, fish fillets, fruit jelly, frozen desserts, salad dressing, herring, breakfast cereal, ice cream, beer, and bottled drinks, among other foods, can contain Sodium Hexametaphosphate.


-Water softener salt:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used in water softeners in a concentration of 0.03%.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is the only additive other than sodium chloride.



FUNCTIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
(1) Sodium hexametaphosphate is used in meat products, fish sausages, ham, etc., which can improve water holding capacity, increase adhesion, and prevent fat oxidation;
(2) Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used in bean paste and soy sauce to prevent discoloration, increase viscosity, shorten fermentation period, and adjust taste;
(3) When used in fruit drinks and refreshing drinks, Sodium Hexametaphosphate can improve the juice yield, increase the viscosity, and inhibit the decomposition of vitamin C;
(4) When used in ice cream, Sodium Hexametaphosphate can improve the expansion capacity, increase the volume, enhance the emulsification effect to prevent the destruction of the paste, and improve the taste and color;
(5) Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used in dairy products and beverages to prevent gel precipitation;
(6) Adding to beer can clarify the liquor and prevent turbidity;
(7) Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used in canned beans, fruits and vegetables, it can stabilize natural pigments and protect the color of food;
(8) The aqueous solution of Sodium Hexametaphosphate is sprayed on the cured meat to improve the antiseptic performance.



PREPARATION OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is prepared by heating monosodium orthophosphate to generate sodium acid pyrophosphate:
2 NaH2PO4 → Na2H2P2O7 + H2O
Subsequently, the pyrophosphate is heated to give the corresponding sodium hexametaphosphate:
3 Na2H2P2O7 → (NaPO3)6 + 3 H2O
followed by rapid cooling.



REACTIONS OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate hydrolyzes in aqueous solution, particularly under acidic conditions, to sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium orthophosphate.



HISTORY OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
Hexametaphosphoric acid was named in 1849 by the German chemist Theodor Fleitmann.
By 1956, chromatographic analysis of hydrolysates of Graham's salt (sodium polyphosphate) indicated the presence of cyclic anions containing more than four phosphate groups; these findings were confirmed in 1961.
In 1963, the German chemists Erich Thilo and Ulrich Schülke succeeded in preparing Sodium Hexametaphosphate by heating anhydrous sodium trimetaphosphate.
Salt mixture of metaphosphates:
Great for combining with sodium citrate for making cheese sauces
Commonly used as a pH buffer and sequestrant Cold/hot soluble, free flowing powder.



WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE AND SODIUM POLYPHOSPHATE?
Sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium polyphosphate are substances derived from sodium phosphate salts.
These are usually large molecules with complicated chemical formulas.
The key difference between sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium polyphosphate is that sodium hexametaphosphate is a specific six-chain length form of sodium metaphosphate, whereas sodium polyphosphate is an umbrella term used to name all the sodium phosphate units with four or more phosphate units.



PREPARATION OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate can be prepared by heating monosodium orthophosphate for the formation of sodium acid pyrophosphate, which is subsequently heated to get the corresponding sodium hexametaphosphate.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a type of sodium phosphate and a salt of sodium ion and phosphate.

Sodium Hexametaphosphate is formed upon heating mixtures of NaH2PO4 and Na2HPO4.
This induces a condensation reaction.
Thereafter, the specific polyphosphate is generated depending on the details of the heating and annealing.

A common derivative of sodium polyphosphates is Glassy Graham’s salt.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a linear polyphosphate substance having the chemical formula NaO(NaPO3)Na2.
There are some crystalline high molecular weight polyphosphates, including Kurrol’s salt and Maddrell’s salt.



WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE AND SODIUM POLYPHOSPHATE?
The key difference between sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium polyphosphate is that sodium hexametaphosphate is a specific six-chain length form of sodium metaphosphate, whereas sodium polyphosphate is an umbrella term used to name all the sodium phosphate units with four or more phosphate units.
The terms Sodium Hexametaphosphate and sodium polyphosphate refer to substances derived from sodium phosphate salts.
These are usually large molecules with complicated chemical formulas.



WHY IS SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE USED IN COSMETICS AND PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS?
Sodium Metaphosphate, Trimetaphosphate and Hexametaphosphate inactivate metallic ions so as to prevent the deterioration of cosmetics and personal care products.
Sodium Metaphosphate is also used to polish the teeth, reduce oral odor, or otherwise cleanse or deodorize the teeth and mouth.
Sodium Trimetaphosphate minimizes the change in the pH of a solution when an acid or a base is added to the solution and Sodium Hexametaphosphate prevents the corrosion (rust) of metallic materials used in packaging cosmetics and personal care products.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
Chemical formula: Na6P6O18
Molar mass: 611.7704 g mol−1
Appearance: White crystals
Odor: odorless
Density: 2.484 g/cm3
Melting point: 628 °C (1,162 °F; 901 K)
Boiling point: 1,500 °C (2,730 °F; 1,770 K)
Solubility in water: soluble
Solubility: insoluble in organic solvents
Refractive index (nD): 1.482
Physical state: crystalline
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 628 °C - (External MSDS)
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable

Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: soluble, (experimental)
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Melting Point: 640°C
Color: White
pH: 6.0 to 7.7
Physical Form: Solid
Quantity: 1 kg
Formula Weight: 611.7708g/mol

Boiling Point: 1500°C
Melting Point: 628°C
Color: White
Physical Form: Granules
Solubility Information: Soluble in water.
Insoluble in organic solvents
Formula Weight: 611.77
Odor: Odorless
Refractive Index: 1.482
Appearance: White granules
Chemical Name or Material: Sodium hexametaphosphate
Density: 2.48 g/cm³
Molecular weight/ Molar mass: 611.77 g/mol
Boiling point: 1,500 °C
Melting point: 628 °C
Chemical formula: Na6P6O18
Odour: Odourless
Appearance: White crystals
Refractive index: 1.482
pH: 8.6
Solubility: Soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents.



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P1
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13:
Non Combustible Solids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
no information available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
Calgon
Phosphate glass
Polyphosphate sodium salt
Sodium polyphosphate
sodium cyclo-hexaphosphate
Calgon S
Glassy sodium
Graham's salt
Hexasodium metaphosphate
Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt
(NaPO3)x, Na(n+2)P(n)O(3n+1)
metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt
Alcoa Agilu, instant
Alcoa Agilu 70
Alcoa Agilu 60
Calgon
Calgon T Powder Food Grade
Calgon T Technical
Calgon T Powder Technical
Chemi-charl
hexametaphosphate, sodium salt
sodium polyphosphates, glassy
glassy sodium
metaphosphate
phosphate glass practical grade
sodium metaphosphate, hexa
HMP, Medi-calgon
Hy-phos
Polyphos
SHMP
sodium m-phosphates
sodium hexametaphosphate
sodium polyphosphates, glassy
(sodium hexametaphosphate)
metaphosphoric acid, sodium salt
Graham' s salt
Metafos
sodium metaphosphate
sodium polymetaphosphate
RIP-40
sodium polyphosphate
Perphos Sodium
Hexametaphosphate"
Glassy sodium
Graham's salt
Hexasodium metaphosphate
Metaphosphoric acid

SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE
Sodium Hexametaphosphate Uses of Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium hexametaphosphate is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which Sodium hexametaphosphate is used under the E number E452i. Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to SHMP to raise the pH to 8.0–8.6, which produces a number of Sodium hexametaphosphate products used for water softening and detergents. A significant use for sodium hexametaphosphate is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles. Sodium hexametaphosphate is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment. Sodium hexametaphosphate is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient. The energy drink NOS contains sodium hexametaphosphate. Food additive As a food additive, Sodium hexametaphosphate is used as an emulsifier. Artificial maple syrup, canned milk, cheese powders and dips, imitation cheese, whipped topping, packaged egg whites, roast beef, fish fillets, fruit jelly, frozen desserts, salad dressing, herring, breakfast cereal, ice cream, beer, and bottled drinks, among other foods, can contain Sodium hexametaphosphate. Preparation of Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium hexametaphosphate is prepared by heating monosodium orthophosphate to generate sodium acid pyrophosphate: 2 NaH2PO4 → Na2H2P2O7 + H2O Subsequently, the pyrophosphate is heated to give the corresponding sodium hexametaphosphate: 3 Na2H2P2O7 → (NaPO3)6 + 3 H2O followed by rapid cooling. Reactions of Sodium hexametaphosphate SHMP hydrolyzes in aqueous solution, particularly under acidic conditions, to sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium orthophosphate. History of Sodium hexametaphosphate Hexametaphosphoric acid was named (but misidentified) in 1849 by the German chemist Theodor Fleitmann. By 1956, chromatographic analysis of hydrolysates of Graham's salt (sodium polyphosphate) indicated the presence of cyclic anions containing more than four phosphate groups; these findings were confirmed in 1961. In 1963, the German chemists Erich Thilo and Ulrich Schülke succeeded in preparing sodium hexametaphosphate by heating anhydrous sodium trimetaphosphate. Safety of Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium phosphates are recognized to have low acute oral toxicity. Sodium hexametaphosphate concentrations not exceeding 10,000mg/l or mg/kg are considered protective levels by the EFSA and USFDA. Extreme concentrations of this salt may cause acute side effects from excessive blood serum concentrations of sodium, such as: “irregular pulse, bradycardia, and hypocalcemia." Properties of Sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical formula Na6P6O18 Molar mass 611.7704 g mol−1 Appearance White crystals Odor odorless Density 2.484 g/cm3 Melting point 628 °C (1,162 °F; 901 K) Boiling point 1,500 °C (2,730 °F; 1,770 K) Solubility in water soluble Solubility insoluble in organic solvents Refractive index (nD) 1.482 General description of Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium hexametaphosphate is an inorganic polyphosphate salt commonly used as a corrosion inhibitor, emulsifying agent and as a tooth whitening agent in dentifrice formulations. Application of Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium hexametaphosphate has been used as a deflocculant to prepare clay suspensions. Final report on the safety assessment of Sodium Metaphosphate, Sodium Trimetaphosphate, and Sodium Hexametaphosphate These inorganic polyphosphate salts all function as chelating agents in cosmetic formulations. In addition, Sodium Metaphosphate functions as an oral care agent, Sodium Trimetaphosphate as a buffering agent, and Sodium Hexametaphosphate as a corrosion inhibitor. Only Sodium Hexametaphosphate is currently reported to be used. Although the typical concentrations historically have been less than 1%, higher concentrations have been used in products such as bath oils, which are diluted during normal use. Sodium Metaphosphate is the general term for any polyphosphate salt with four or more phosphate units. The four-phosphate unit version is cyclic, others are straight chains. The hexametaphosphate is the specific six-chain length form. The trimetaphosphate structure is cyclic. Rats fed 10% Sodium Trimetaphosphate for a month exhibited transient tubular necrosis; rats given 10% Sodium Metaphosphate had retarded growth and those fed 10% Sodium Hexametaphosphate had pale and swollen kidneys. In chronic studies using animals, growth inhibition, increased kidney weights (with calcium deposition and desquamation), bone decalcification, parathyroid hypertrophy and hyperplasia, inorganic phosphaturia, hepatic focal necrosis, and muscle fiber size alterations. Sodium Hexametaphosphate was a severe skin irritant in rabbits, whereas a 0.2% solution was only mildly irritating. A similar pattern was seen with ocular toxicity. These ingredients were not genotoxic in bacterial systems nor were they carcinogenic in rats. No reproductive or developmental toxicity was seen in studies using rats exposed to Sodium Hexametaphosphate or Sodium Trimetaphosphate. In clinical testing, irritation is seen as a function of concentration; concentrations as high as 1% produced no irritation in contact allergy patients. Because of the corrosive nature of Sodium Hexametaphosphate, it was concluded that these ingredients could be used safely if each formulation was prepared to avoid skin irritation; for example, low concentration in a leave-on product or dilution of a higher concentration as part of product usage. Uses of Sodium hexametaphosphate Salt mixture of metaphosphates Great for combining with sodium citrate for making cheese sauces Commonly used as a pH buffer and sequestrant Cold/hot soluble, free flowing powder DESCRIPTION of Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) 100% Pure Food Grade Sodium Hexametaphosphate SHMP (e452i) for use in molecular gastronomy. SHMP is a sequestrant, which allows gelling agents to be hydrated at much lower temperatures. It is the highest performing sequestrant available. And unlike sodium citrate, it has no taste at the concentrations used for gel hydration. OTHER DETAILS of Sodium hexametaphosphate Dietary Attributes: Plant-Based, Gluten-Free, Non-GMO, Kosher (OU), Keto-friendly Ingredient List: Sodium Hexametaphosphate Allergen(s): None Effect of sodium hexametaphosphate concentration and cooking time on the physicochemical properties of pasteurized process cheese Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) is commonly used as an emulsifying salt (ES) in process cheese, although rarely as the sole ES. It appears that no published studies exist on the effect of Sodium hexametaphosphate concentration on the properties of process cheese when pH is kept constant; pH is well known to affect process cheese functionality. The detailed interactions between the added phosphate, casein (CN), and indigenous Ca phosphate are poorly understood. We studied the effect of the concentration of Sodium hexametaphosphate (0.25–2.75%) and holding time (0–20 min) on the textural and rheological properties of pasteurized process Cheddar cheese using a central composite rotatable design. All cheeses were adjusted to pH 5.6. The meltability of process cheese (as indicated by the decrease in loss tangent parameter from small amplitude oscillatory rheology, degree of flow, and melt area from the Schreiber test) decreased with an increase in the concentration of Sodium hexametaphosphate. Holding time also led to a slight reduction in meltability. Hardness of process cheese increased as the concentration of Sodium hexametaphosphate increased. Acid-base titration curves indicated that the buffering peak at pH 4.8, which is attributable to residual colloidal Ca phosphate, was shifted to lower pH values with increasing concentration of Sodium hexametaphosphate. The insoluble Ca and total and insoluble P contents increased as concentration of Sodium hexametaphosphate increased. The proportion of insoluble P as a percentage of total (indigenous and added) P decreased with an increase in ES concentration because of some of the (added) Sodium hexametaphosphate formed soluble salts. The results of this study suggest that Sodium hexametaphosphate chelated the residual colloidal Ca phosphate content and dispersed CN; the newly formed Ca-phosphate complex remained trapped within the process cheese matrix, probably by cross-linking CN. Increasing the concentration of Sodium hexametaphosphate helped to improve fat emulsification and CN dispersion during cooking, both of which probably helped to reinforce the structure of process cheese. Process cheese is made by grinding natural cheese and then heating the cheese in the presence of one or more Ca chelating salts (phosphate or citrates), often called emulsifying salts (ES). In the United States, the Code of Federal Regulations (Department of Health and Human Services, 2004) identifies 13 types of ES that can be used in process cheese manufacture, either singly or in combination, and allows for the addition of up to 3% (wt/wt; Kapoor and Metzger, 2008). These ES help disperse the insoluble CN in natural cheese curd, and it is these solubilized CN that can then act as emulsifiers around the liquid fat released during the heating and shearing of natural cheese. These ES function as ion exchangers, buffers, and Ca sequestrants and cause CN dispersion and peptization. Several reviews exist on the properties of the ES used for process cheese manufacture (Carić et al., 1985; Berger et al., 1998; Zehren and Nusbaum, 2000; Guinee et al., 2004). Long-chain polyphosphates are commonly (but incorrectly) called hexametaphosphates. The real hexametaphosphates are ring forming and are not used in process cheese. Sodium hexametaphosphates (SHMP) have a wide range of uses in the food industry, including increasing the water binding properties of proteins in processed meats, protein precipitation for purification purposes, and prevention of protein sedimentation in sterilized milks (Molins, 1991). Sodium hexametaphosphates are often used in process cheese manufacture either singly or more commonly in a blend of several types of ES. Numerous factors, including pH, affect the melting and textural characteristics of process cheese (Mulsow et al., 2007). Many of these factors, which are not well understood at the molecular level, are interrelated and have a combined effect on meltability and texture. It has been reported that the use of Sodium hexametaphosphate produces hard and poorly meltable process cheese (Thomas, 1973; Gupta et al., 1984; Carić et al., 1985). However, it appears that no studies exist on the effect of Sodium hexametaphosphate on process cheese properties where pH was kept constant (to avoid pH as a confounding factor). Gupta et al. (1984) reported that the use of Sodium hexametaphosphate resulted in process cheese with low pH values, which could have contributed to the poor textural attributes. Lu et al. (2008) reported that increasing the pH resulted in improved meltability for process cheese made with Sodium hexametaphosphate. Cooking time also affects the properties of process cheese (Rayan et al., 1980; Shirashoji et al., 2006). One method by which cooking time affects process cheese is by increasing the extent of shearing of curd and thus improving the emulsification of fat (i.e., by reducing the size of emulsified fat globules; Shimp, 1985; Kapoor and Metzger, 2008). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of various concentrations of Sodium hexametaphosphate and cooking times on the rheological and textural properties of process cheese. Because pH is well known to influence the texture of process cheese made with Sodium hexametaphosphate (Lu et al., 2008), all samples were adjusted to a constant pH value (∼5.6). Rheological Properties of Sodium hexametaphosphate The effects of ES concentration on the rheological properties of process cheese made with Sodium hexametaphosphate during heating are shown in Figures 1a and b. The rheological properties of the natural Cheddar cheese are also shown for comparison purposes. The G′ value of all cheeses decreased with temperature from 5 to 70°C. The G′ value of the process cheese made with 1.50 and 2.75% ES, as well as natural cheese, increased again at >70°C, although cheese made with 0.25% ES continued to decrease with increasing temperature throughout the entire heating range. This increase in G′ at high temperature was not observed with any of the process cheeses made with trisodium citrate (TSC) in our previous study (Shirashoji et al., 2006). The LT value of process cheese measured at >50°C decreased with an increase in ES concentration. Process cheese made with 2.75% Sodium hexametaphosphate had LT values that were <1 over the entire heating range. Samples with LT values <1 do not exhibit flow (Lucey et al., 2003). Several factors could explain the effect of increasing Sodium hexametaphosphate concentration on cheese texture. Increasing the concentration of Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) used in process cheese resulted in an increase in hardness and the G′ value at 70°C and a decrease in the LT value at 50°C and DOF. These effects were not attributable to any compositional factors because we manufactured the cheeses to a constant composition. We believe that the higher hardness and lower meltability with increasing Sodium hexametaphosphate concentration is attributable to a combination of enhanced CN dispersion, Ca chelation, and ion exchange. One of the key functions of ES, such as Sodium hexametaphosphate, is the ability to disperse (sometimes called peptization) the insoluble CN matrix in natural cheese. Polyphosphates have a greater CN dispersing ability compared with orthophosphates or TSC (Lee et al., 1986; Molins, 1991; Dimitreli et al., 2005; Mizuno and Lucey, 2005). The addition of Sodium hexametaphosphate to milk rapidly causes CN dispersion (Vujicic et al., 1968). The use of Sodium hexametaphosphate in process cheese greatly increases CN dispersion (hydration, peptization, or swelling) compared with TSC or orthophosphates (Lee et al., 1986; Guinee et al., 2004), although in these studies the pH of cheese was not kept constant. Increasing the concentration of polyphosphate used in process cheese resulted in an increase in soluble nitrogen content (indicating greater CN dispersion; Lee and Alais, 1980). Hot process cheese after holding at 80°C for 10 min exhibited very large LT values compared with process cheeses made with low ES concentration. The high LT values in hot process cheese made with high ES concentrations suggest that increasing the concentration of Sodium hexametaphosphate greatly increased CN dispersion. The ability of Sodium hexametaphosphate to disperse CN is pH-dependent with low ability near pH 5 (Dimitreli et al., 2005). Our cheeses were all at pH 5.6, and at this pH value Sodium hexametaphosphate should still be effective at causing CN dispersion. These highly dispersed CN molecules then reassociate during cooling to form a fine-structured gel network (some CN reassociation may be occurring in the hot product as evidenced by the increase in G′ values during the holding of cheese at 80°C). The greater the degree of CN dispersion, the firmer, more cross-linked, and less meltable is the final process cheese. This agrees with the similar trend reported for process cheese made with increasing concentrations of TSC (Shirashoji et al., 2006). Johnston and Murphy (1992) reported that there was greater CN dispersion in milk with an increase in Sodium hexametaphosphate levels; acid gels made from these Sodium hexametaphosphate-treated milks had improved gel textural properties. Polyphosphates also have a strong ability to complex Ca, and we can rank phosphates and citrates in the following order: long-chain phosphates > tripolyphosphate > pyrophosphate > citrate > orthophosphate (Van Wazer and Callis, 1958). The strong Ca binding properties of Sodium hexametaphosphate should result in greater dispersion of CN because of the loss of CCP cross-links present in natural cheese. The highly charged anionic nature of polyphosphates causes them to be attracted to the oppositely charged groups on other long-chain polyelectrolytes, such as proteins (Van Wazer and Callis, 1958). In our process cheeses, association of polyphosphate with CN should increase the charge repulsion between CN molecules. In some circumstances the addition of phosphates to milk can cause gelation (Mizuno and Lucey, 2007). Sodium hexametaphosphate was less effective at gelling CN than tetrasodium pyrophosphate. One factor that inhibits gelation of CN is that polyphosphates introduce more charge repulsion to CN because of their multiple negative charges (i.e., polyelectrolyte nature) compared with tetrasodium pyrophosphate. Another possible factor that could contribute to the increased hardness and reduced meltability of cheese made with high concentration of Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) is the formation of new Ca phosphate linkages within the cheese network (Gupta et al., 1984). Taneya et al. (1980) reported that long protein strands were observed in a process cheese made with sodium polyphosphate, whereas these long strands were not observed in a process cheese made with TSC. Long CN strands in process cheese could have resulted from the formation of new Ca phosphate linkages between CN. The insoluble Ca and insoluble P content (Table 3) of process cheese increased with increasing Sodium hexametaphosphate concentration. The addition of Sodium hexametaphosphate to milk protein concentrate at pH 5.8 increased CN-bound Ca (Mizuno and Lucey, 2005). Polyphosphates bind Ca from the native CCP (which help to disperse the CN micelles), but these new Ca phosphates complexes can associate with the dispersed CN (Odagiri and Nickerson, 1965; Mizuno and Lucey, 2005). Lee and Alais (1980) reported that the use of polyphosphates resulted in a high level of insoluble P in process cheese. Johnston and Murphy (1992) reported that skim milk solutions with polyphosphate contained a high proportion of nonsedimentable (soluble) CN. Apart from the lowest ES concentration, all other process cheese samples exhibited an increase in G′ at temperatures >70°C during heating. Udayarajan et al. (2005) suggested that the increase in G′ value of natural Cheddar cheese at high temperature was attributable to the heat-induced formation of additional Ca phosphate cross-links between CN. The acid-base buffering profiles of process cheese indicate that the addition of Sodium hexametaphosphate caused a shift in the pH value where the buffering peak occurred during acidification. Lucey et al. (1993) suggested that a change in location or shape of the buffering peak observed during the acidification of milk might be attributable to some shift in the structure, or composition, or both, of the indigenous CCP. The buffering profiles of process cheese suggest that increasing the Sodium hexametaphosphate content altered the type and concentration of Ca phosphate salts present in the cheese network. A small quantity of Sodium hexametaphosphate (0.25%) was not enough to efficiently disperse the CN network even with the use of long holding times during the cooking step. Consequently, fat was poorly emulsified (results not shown) and the process cheese was relatively soft and had good meltability. Holding time resulted in a significant decrease in the LT value at 50°C, DOF, and Schreiber melt area and a significant increase in hardness and the G′ value at 70°C. Long holding times have previously been reported to reduce melt and increase hardness of process cheese (Rayan et al., 1980). An increase in the hold time also increases the extent of shear applied to the process cheese; this creates smaller homogenized fat globules that reinforce the matrix formed during cooling. During prolonged holding time at high temperatures, it is likely that some heat-induced CN aggregation occurred. Although increasing the concentration of ES used in process cheese resulted in an increase in the initial measured LT of the hot product (i.e., measured after a holding time of 10 min at 80°C), during (further) prolonged holding there was a substantial decrease in the LT and an increase in G′ values. Panouillé et al. (2003) observed that heat-induced aggregation and gelation of CN micelles could occur in the presence of sodium polyphosphates. Holding time had no significant effect on the insoluble Ca or P content. Because Sodium hexametaphosphate is a very effective Ca chelating agent, the time required to heat the process cheese to 80°C was likely sufficient to allow Sodium hexametaphosphate to chelate Ca from CN (i.e., a holding time at 80°C was not required to facilitate Ca chelation). In solution, polyphosphates can undergo hydrolysis to orthophosphates, particularly at higher temperatures (>60°C; Maurer-Rothmann and Scheurer, 2005). In practice, Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) is likely that the hydrolytic breakdown is low in most process cheese applications (Maurer-Rothmann and Scheurer, 2005). During holding of process cheese at high temperature some hydrolysis of Sodium hexametaphosphate may have occurred (Lee and Alais, 1980); however, holding time had no significant effect on the concentration of insoluble P in process cheese. It has been claimed (Roesler, 1966) that hydrolysis also occurs in process cheese during storage. Because the process cheese samples were not analyzed until after 7 d of storage, any (possible) hydrolysis should already have occurred before testing of cheese. Comparing the results reported by Shirashoji et al. (2006) for process cheese made with TSC to those made with Sodium hexametaphosphate in the present study, we observed that cheese made with Sodium hexametaphosphate had lower LT values at 50°C and lower DOF values for all experimental conditions. The experimental work for our previous study (Shirashoji et al., 2006) was actually performed around the same time period as the current study. The hardness values for process cheese made with various concentrations of TSC were much lower (range: 1,572–2,685 g; Shirashoji et al., 2006) compared with cheese made with Sodium hexametaphosphate (range: 1,892–4,490 g). Conclusions The concentration of Sodium hexametaphosphate used as an ES in the manufacture of pasteurized process Cheddar cheese greatly affected the textural and melting properties, even when these cheeses had a similar pH value. The added Sodium hexametaphosphate appeared to convert the original form of CCP to a new type of Ca phosphate salt during cooking. A small quantity of Sodium hexametaphosphate (0.25%) was not enough to efficiently disperse the CN network even with long holding times during cooking; consequently, fat was poorly emulsified and the process cheese was soft and highly meltable. Holding times increased hardness and decreased meltability. High levels of Sodium hexametaphosphate produced firm and poorly meltable cheese because CN were highly dispersed during cooking, Sodium hexametaphosphate resulted in the formation of new Ca phosphate-CN linkages, and a fine-stranded network was formed during cooling. The results of this study will assist process cheese manufacturers in understanding the role of Sodium hexametaphosphate as an ES and demonstrates the effect of ES concentration and holding time on process cheese functionality. Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) Chemical Properties,Uses,Production Outline Sodium hexametaphosphate is a kind of sodium metaphosphate polymers. Sodium hexametaphosphate is also known as "polyvinylidene sodium," "sodium multiple metaphosphate", "sodium metaphosphate vitreous body", and "Graham salt". Sodium hexametaphosphate is a colorless transparent glass-like solid or white powder with greater solubility but low dissolving rate in water. Its aqueous solution exhibits acidic property. Its complex of divalent metal ion is relatively more stable than the complexes of mono-valent metal ion. Sodium hexametaphosphate can easily be hydrolyzed to orthophosphate in warm water, acid or alkali solution. Hexametaphosphate has a relative strong hygroscopicity with being sticky after absorbing moisture. For certain metal ions (e.g., calcium, magnesium, etc.), it has the ability to form soluble complexes, and thus being able to being used for demineralizing water. Sodium hexametaphosphate can also from precipitate with lead and silver ions with precipitate being re-dissolved in excess amount of sodium hexametaphosphate solution to form a complex salt. Its barium salt can also form complexes with the sodium hexametaphosphate. Sodium hexametaphosphate can be used as a kind of highly efficient water softener of power stations, rolling stock boiler water; as detergent additive, as corrosion-controlling or anti-corrosion agents; as cement hardening accelerator; as streptomycin purification agent, and the cleaning agent of textile industry and dyeing industry. Sodium hexametaphosphate can also be used as a kind of sedative drug, preservative, stabilizer, and fruit juice precipitant in food industry. In the oil industry, it is used for control of drilling pipe rust and adjusting the viscosity of oil drilling mud. Sodium hexametaphosphate also has applications in fabric dyeing, tanning, paper, color film, soil analysis, radiation chemistry and analytical chemistry and other departments. Our GB2760-1996 provisions that hexametaphosphate is allowable food additives (water retention agent) for being used for canned food, fruit juice drinks, dairy products, soy products; it can also be used as a dye dispersant, and water treatment agent. Toxicity of Sodium hexametaphosphate Adl 0~70 mg/kg (in terms of phosphorus); LD50:4g/kg (rat, oral). According to the provision of the GB2760-86, it is allowed for being applied to canned food, fruit juice drinks, dairy products, soy milk as quality improver; the maximum usage amount is 1.0 g/kg. When being used as composite phosphate, calculated as the total phosphate, the canned meat products shall not exceed 1.0 g/kg; for condensation of milk, it shall not exceed 0.50 g/kg. Chemical Properties of Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium hexametaphosphate is colorless and transparent glass flake or white granular crystals. It is easily soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents. Uses of Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium hexametaphosphate can be used as a food quality improver in food industry, pH adjusting agent, metal ion chelating agents, dispersants, extenders, etc. Sodium hexametaphosphate can be used as a kind of common analytical reagents, water softener, and also used for photofinishing and printing. Sodium hexametaphosphate can be used as a water softener, detergent, preservative, cement hardening accelerator, fiber dyeing and cleaning agents; it can also used for medicine, food, petroleum, printing and dyeing, tanning, and paper industry. Sodium hexametaphosphate can be used as texturizing agent; emulsifiers; stabilizer; chelating agent. Sodium hexametaphosphate is less frequently for being used alone and is generally used in mixture with pyrophosphate and metaphosphate. The mixture is mainly used for ham, sausage, surimi such as the tissue improver for water retention, tendering and meat softening. It can also be used for prevention of crystallization of canned crab as well as dissolving agent of pectin. Sodium hexametaphosphate can be used as the water softening agent of boiler water and industrial water (including water for the production of dyes, water for the production of titanium dioxide, water for printing and dyeing, and slurry mixing, water for cleaning color copy of the film, as well as chemical industrial water and the water for the medicines, reagents production, etc.) as well as the water treatment agent for the industrial cooling water; it can also be used as a corrosion inhibitor, flotation agent, dispersant agent, high temperature binding agent, dyeing auxiliaries, metal surface treatment, rust inhibitors, detergent additives and also cement hardening accelerator. Coated paper production can use it as pulp dispersants in order to improve the penetration capability. In addition, it can also be apply to the washing utensils and chemical fiber in order to remove iron ions of the pulp. In the oil industry, it can be used for the antirust of the drilling pipe and adjusting the slurry viscosity upon the control of oil drilling. Sodium hexametaphosphate can be used as the quality improver with various effects of increasing the complex metal ions of food, pH, ionic strength, thereby improving the adhesive capability as well as the water holding ability of food. China provides that it can be applied to the dairy products, poultry products, ice cream, instant noodles and meat with the maximum permitted amount being 5.0 g/kg; the maximal permitted usage amount in canned food, fruit juice (flavored) drinks and vegetable protein drink is 1.0g/kg. Sodium hexametaphosphate can be used as a food quality improver in food industry and applied to canned food, fruit juice drinks, dairy products, and soy milk. Sodium hexametaphosphate can be used as Ph adjusting agent, metal ion chelate agent, adhesive and bulking agents. When being applied to beans and canned fruits and vegetables, it can be stabilize the natural pigment and protect the food color and lustre; when being used in canned meat, it can be used for preventing the emulsification of the fat and maintaining its uniform texture; when being applied to meat, it can be used to increase the water holding capacity and prevent the deterioration of fat in the meat. Sodium hexametaphosphate can also help to clarify the wine when being supplied to beer and further prevent turbidity. Chemical Properties of Sodium hexametaphosphate The sodium polyphosphates class consists of several amorphous, water soluble polyphosphates composed of linear chains of metaphosphate units, (NaPO3)x where x ≥ 2, terminated by Na2PO4- groups. They are usually identified by their Na2O/ P2O5 ratio or their P2O5 content. The Na2O/P2O5 ratios vary from about 1.3 for sodium tetrapolyphosphate, where x = approximately 4; through about 1.1 for Graham’s salt, commonly called sodium hexametaphosphate, where x = 13 to 18; to about 1.0 for the higher molecular weight sodium polyphosphates, where x = 20 to 100 or more. The pH of their solution varies from about 3 to 9. For additional details of description, refer to Burdock (1997). Uses of Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium Hexametaphosphate is a sequestrant and moisture binder that is very soluble in water but dissolves slowly. solutions have a ph of 7.0. Sodium hexametaphosphate permits peanuts to be salted in the shell by making it possible for the salt brine to penetrate the peanuts. in canned peas and lima beans, Sodium hexametaphosphate functions as a tenderizer when added to the water used to soak or scald the vegetables prior to canning. Sodium hexametaphosphate improves whipping properties in whipping proteins. Sodium hexametaphosphate functions as a seques- trant for calcium and magnesium, having the best sequestering power of all the phosphates. it prevents gel formation in sterilized milk. it is also termed sodium metaphosphate and graham’s salt. Uses For industrial use, such as oil field, paper-making, textile, dyeing, petrochemical industry,tanning industry, metallurgical industry and building material industry, It is mainly used as a water sortening agent in solution for printing, dyeing ,and boiler; Diffusant in papermersing medium, high temperature agglomerant,detergent and soil analytical chemistry reagent, Uses sodium hexametaphosphate is a chelating agent and a corrosion inhibitor. This is an inorganic salt. Preparation of Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium hexametaphosphate is prepared by heating monosodium phosphate (NaH2PO4) rapidly to a clear melt, which occurs slightly above 625°C. Rapid chilling of this melt produces a very soluble glass, which is then crushed or milled. Agricultural Uses of Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium metaphosphate is the salt of metaphosphoric acid having a molecular formula (NaPO3)n, where n ranges from 3 to 10 (for cyclic molecules) or may be much larger (for polymers).
SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i)
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a white solid that dissolves in water.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a kind of sodium phosphate polymer, which is usually white powder crystal or transparent glass flake in appearance.


CAS Number: 10124-56-8
EC Number: 233-343-1
MDL number: MFCD00134118
Chemical formula: Na6P6O18


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i), also known as its abbreviation SHMP, a polyphosphate commonly used in dairy products, sausage, seafood, meat processing, toothpaste, and also in water treatment.
The European food additive number for Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is E452i.


Generally, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i)'s purpose in food is as a texturizer, sequestrant, thickener, and emulsifier.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a hexamer of sodium phosphate (NaPO3)6.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a water-soluble polyphosphate that consists of chains of six repeating phosphate units.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a colourless or white, transparent platelets, granular, or powder.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a glassy phosphate with strong absorption ability and easy to hydrolyze to orthophosphate in warm water, acidic or alkaline solution.


PH of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is 5.8-6.5
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is freely soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a white crystalline powder that is commonly used as a sequestrant, emulsifier, thickening agent, and texturizer in food processing.


The chemical formula of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is (NaPO3)6, and it is composed of a chain of six phosphate units linked together by oxygen atoms.
The molecular weight of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is 611.7 g/mol.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is generally considered safe for consumption in small amounts, as it is used as a food additive and is approved by the US

Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in various food products.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as alkali metal phosphates.


These are inorganic compounds in which the largest oxoanion is phosphate, and in which the heaviest atom not in an oxoanion is an alkali metal.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a salt of composition Na6[(PO3)6].
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) of commerce is typically a mixture of metaphosphates (empirical formula: NaPO3), of which the hexamer is one, and is usually the compound referred to by this name.


Such a mixture is more correctly termed Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i).
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a white solid that dissolves in water.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a kind of sodium phosphate polymer, which is usually white powder crystal or transparent glass flake in appearance.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) chemical has strong hygroscopic property and will become sticky after hygroscopic.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is very easy to deliquescent in air and soluble in water with higher solubility and milder dissolution rate.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i)'s aqueous solution is acid and easy to hydrolyze to phosphite.


In addition, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) has ability to form a soluble complex for some metal ions, so it can be used to soft water, as well as a wide range of uses in food processing and various industry fields.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a food grade white powder that can be used for stabilizing soups, juices and dairy products.


This enables gelling agents to be hydrated at much lower temperatures.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a white powder ,density is 2.484(20°C),easily soluble in water, but not on organic solution, absorbent to dampness, and furn sticky when absorbed dampness in air.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is possible to form solvent compound with metallic ions such as Ca, Ba, Mg, Cu and Fe; it is a fine agent for water treatment.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates manufactured from Monosodium Phosphate, available as WHITE POWDER OR WHITE GRANULES.


Foodchem's food grade Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is available as fine powder(>68% purity).
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is an inorganic compound of sodium salt and hexaphosphoric acid.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is vegan, kosher, and gluten-free.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a multi-purpose sequestrant and is a versatile ingredient to have on hand for your culinary creations.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) appears as a white powder. Applications for Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) include in cheese powders and dips, breakfast cereals, beer and bottled beverages, imitation cheese, frozen dessert, packaged eggs and artificial maple syrup.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i), which is identified in the European Union as E452i, is a chemical you will sometimes find listed on the label for fruit juices that contain pulp.
This Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) keeps the pulp mixed in the juice so it doesn't all settle to the bottom—or at least it's supposed to.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i), CAS no.10124-56-8, manufacturing process via chemcial heating, monosodium orthophosphate as raw material.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) appears as a white powder.
Applications for Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) include in cheese powders and dips, breakfast cereals, beer and bottled beverages, imitation cheese, frozen dessert, packaged eggs and artificial maple syrup.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a hexamer of composition (NaPO3)6.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) of commerce is typically a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates, of which the hexamer is one, and is usually the compound referred to by this name.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is more correctly termed sodium polymetaphosphate.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is prepared by melting monosodium orthophosphate, followed by rapid cooling.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) hydrolyzes in aqueous solution, particularly under acidic conditions, to sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium orthophosphate.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a white powder, white fine powder, white granular or colorless piece.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a food grade white powder that can be used for stabilizing soups, juices and dairy products.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a white powder; Density 2.484(20℃); soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvent.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) has got strong hygroscopicity and can absorb humidity from the air to become into pasty form.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) may form soluble chelates with ions of Ca, Ba, Mg, Cu, Fe etc. and is a good water treatment chemical.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a salt of composition Na6[(PO3)6].


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) of commerce is typically a mixture of metaphosphates (empirical formula: NaPO3), of which the hexamer is one, and is usually the compound referred to by this name.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a hexamer of composition (NaPO3)6.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) of commerce is typically a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates, of which the hexamer is one, and is usually the compound referred to by this name.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is more correctly termed sodium polymetaphosphate.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a hexamer of composition (NaPO3)6.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) of commerce is typically a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates, of which the hexamer is one, and is usually the compound referred to by this name.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is more correctly termed sodium polymetaphosphate.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is prepared by melting monosodium orthophosphate, followed by rapid cooling.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) hydrolyzes in aqueous solution, particularly under acidic conditions, to sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium orthophosphate.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a hexamer of composition (NaPO3)6.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) manufacturing process via chemcial heating, monosodium orthophosphate as raw material.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is the best performing sequestrant available.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can be used in food and beverage, personal care products, water treatment, and other industrial uses.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is available in granular, glassy or powdered forms in the market.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) exists food grade and technical grade in the market.


Emulsifier, texturiser, dietary supplement, sequestrant, binding agent, pig/poultry scald agent, potential food contaminant arising from paper/board packaging Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a sequestrant and has applications with in a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) of commerce is typically a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates, of which the hexamer is one, and is usually the compound referred to by this name.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is more correctly termed sodium polymetaphosphate.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.
Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) to raise the pH to 8.0-8.6, which produces a number of SHMP products used for water softening and detergents.


A significant use for Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.
Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) to raise the pH to 8.0–8.6, which produces a number of SHMP products used for water softening and detergents.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.
Paper Industry uses of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i):


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i)can be used as slurry diffusing agent to increase penetration.
Oil industry uses of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i): Anti-rust for drilling pipes in the petroleum industry and control of viscosity of mud during oil drilling.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used in other industrial applications, including clay processing (as a deflocculant), drilling fluids, and cleaning products.
Food grade: Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is mainly used as additive agent, PH adjusting agent, fermenting agent, and nourishment, etc


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) has many different applications, including a food additive which is used under the E452i number.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used Stabilizing soups and juices, Dairy products, and Food additive (E 452i)
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used in conjunction with sodium carbonate in certain situations.


Artificial maple syrup, canned milk, cheese powders and dips, imitation cheese, whipped topping, packaged egg whites, roast beef, fish fillets, fruit jelly, frozen desserts, salad dressing, herring, breakfast cereal, ice cream, beer, and bottled beverages, among other foods, can contain Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i).


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.
Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to SHMP to raise the pH to 8.0–8.6, which produces a number of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) products used for water softening and detergents.


A significant use for Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used in industries of oil fields, paper production, textile, dyeing, petroleum, chemistry, metallurgy and construction materials etc.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a water softening agent in solution for printing, floating agent, dispersing medium and high temperature agglomerant.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used Industrial Grade.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as one of the main auxiliaries for synthetic detergent, synergist for soap; water softener, tanning agent for leather making, auxiliary for dyeing.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as an effective dispersion agent for suspensions of coatings, kaolin, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate and drilling mud etc.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as an oil contamination resistance agent in paper production.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is mainly used as additive agent, pH adjusting agent, fermenting agent, and nourishment, etc.
In the foodstuff industry, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as quality improver in the process of canned food, fruit juice drinks, foodstuffs from milk or soybeans.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) may tender the meat in canned ham and soften the skin of horse bean in canned horse bean.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) may also serves as a softener or densifier in foodstuff industry.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate is widely used as emulsifier and stabilizer in food processing with E number E452.


Available Grade of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i)
Food Grade: Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is widely used as nutritional enhancer and texture stabilizer in food and beverage industries.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is widely used as used in oil field, paper-making, textile, dyeing, petrochemical industry, tanning industry, metallurgical industry and building material industry.


Foodchem's industrial grade Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is available as fine powder(>68% purity).
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i), also referred to as E452i, SHMP, Graham's Salt, Sodium Polymetaphosphate, or just Hex, is an additive in a variety of foods and beverages and commonly used for thickening, emulsifying, and adding texture.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a white, odorless powder used to thicken, emulsify, or add texture to foods, beverages, pet-related goods, and personal care products, and its additionally used in certain methods of chelation.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a salt mixture of metaphosphates, is a food quality improver, used as emulsifier and thickener.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can be added to an assortment of food, beverage, and personal care applications such as syrups, canned milk, powdered and imitation cheese products, whipped toppings, dips, packaged egg whites and other proteins, jellies, frozen desserts, dressings, cereals, beverages, bath products, cosmetics, pet food, and more.


Additionally, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is an ingredient that is commonly added to fruit juices that contain pulp to help prevent the pulp from settling at the bottom.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is sometimes called Sodium Polymetaphosphate, which stands for a more correct chemical term, but is rarely used among manufacturers, suppliers, and distributors.


In general, all applications of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) fall into two grades: food grade and industrial/tech grade.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used in a variety of food products and is labeled as E452i, although it is generally recognized as safe when applied in foods.


Due to its characteristics of sequestrant, thickener, emulsifier, and texturizer, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can be found in many daily products that we consume.
One of the most common applications of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is water treatment, where it acts as a sequestrant, water softening, deflocculating, dispersing and antiscale agent.


Basically, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is aimed to prevent the steel and mineral corrosion.
A particular case of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) use is the case of when it is added into a boiler compound to settle calcium hardness down in factory boiler waters with high calcium level.


Industrial applications of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) are numerous and some of them appear to be helpful in diverse domains with one and the same property.
Due to its anti-staining and tartar prevention capabilities, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is successfully used as an active ingredient in toothpaste and other tooth whitening products, and it is also added to dog foods for the same reason.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used to stabilize the emulsion and to improve the corrosion inhibition in the paint and coating industry.
During production, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) acts as a dispersing agent affecting the pigment particles and increasing the protection properties of a product.


This formulation allows the formation of a thin film which is useful in paper making industry and in metallurgy as well.
In addition, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can usually be found in detergent formulations and such products like dishwashers, bath salts, and soaps.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a sequestrant and has applications with in a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.


Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) to raise the pH to 8.0-8.6, which produces a number of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) products used for water softening and detergents.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types.


One of the lesser-known uses for Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is as a deflocculant in the making of terra sigillata, a ceramic technique using a fine particled slip.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) causes the heavy particles in the slip to drop to the bottom allowing the fine particles to be siphoned off and applied to a green ware ceramic surface.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used Cold/hot soluble, free flowing powder.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used as a as a pH buffer and highest performing sequestrant, allows gelling agents to be hydrated at much lower temperatures.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) retains color of fruits, vegetables and beans.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) improves water retention and texture of sausage and other meat products.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) used as an additive, nourishing agent, quality improver, pH regulator, metal ions chelating agent, adhesive and leavening agent etc.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.
Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) to raise the pH to 8.0–8.6, which produces a number of SHMP products used for water softening and detergents.


A significant use for Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.


The energy drink NOS contains Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i).
Sodium Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is an additive in a variety of foods and beverages and commonly used for thickening, emulsifying, and adding texture.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.
Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) to raise the pH to 8.0-8.6, which produces a number of SHMP products used for water softening and detergents.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) prevents flocculation, or the combining of suspended matter into aggregates large enough for gravity to accelerate their settling out.


Divalent and trivalent cations such as Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) are used in water solutions to facilitate flocculation of insoluble particles in suspension, especially colloidal size particles like clay and organic matter that have negative surface charges.
Addition of divalent or trivalent cations is frequently used in water treatment to remove a combination of inorganic and organic matter as well as living microscopic organisms through flocculation followed by filtration.


Dispersing agents such as Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) are more commonly used in laboratory procedures to sustain suspensions and estimate particle size distribution.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is commonly used as a component of detergents, for keeping pigments dispersed in paints and in photography where they find special applications to prevent spotting of films and photographs.


While you can’t see it Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is hiding just beyond the shadows of your drinking water and likely in the paint you have used in your house.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.


Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) to raise the pH to 8.0–8.6, which produces a number of SHMP products used for water softening and detergents.
A significant use for Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.
A significant use for Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.
Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) to raise the pH to 8.0–8.6, which produces a number of SHMP products used for water softening and detergents.


A significant use for Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.


Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) products used for water softening and detergents.


A significant use for Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.
The energy drink NOS contains Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i).


-Food additive:
As a food additive, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as an emulsifier.
Artificial maple syrup, canned milk, cheese powders and dips, imitation cheese, whipped topping, packaged egg whites, roast beef, fish fillets, fruit jelly, frozen desserts, salad dressing, herring, breakfast cereal, ice cream, beer, and bottled drinks, among other foods, can contain Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i).


-Water softener salt:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used in Diamond Crystal brand Bright & Soft Salt Pellets for water softeners in a concentration of 0.03%.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is the only additive other than sodium chloride.


-Water Treatment uses of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i):
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can be used as water softener for industrial water and boiler water treatment, such as, dye production water, titanium dioxide production water, printing and dyeing water, washing color film copy water, chemical water, pharmaceutical, reagent production water, as well as industrial circulation cooling water treatment agent.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can also be used as scale inhibitor in resin electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, nanofitration and other water treatment industries.


-Other Uses of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i):
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can be also used as corrosion inhibitor, flotation agent, dispersant, high temperature binder, dyeing auxiliary, treatment of metal treatment, rust inhibitor, detergent builder, cement hardening accelerator.


-Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) for use in molecular gastronomy:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a sequestrant, which allows gelling agents to be hydrated at much lower temperatures.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is the highest performing sequestrant available.
And unlike sodium citrate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) has no taste at the concentrations used for gel hydration.


-Uses of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i):
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is permitted to use in almost all categories of foods with the maximum level 10,000 mg/l or mg/kg and the following foods may contain with Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i):
*Dairy products and analogues
*Fats and oils and fat and oil emulsions
*Edible ices
*Fruit and vegetables
*Confectionery
*Cereals and cereal products
*Bakery wares
*Meat
*Fish and fisheries products
*Eggs and egg products
*Sugars, syrups, honey and table-top sweeteners
*Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads and protein products
*Beverages
*Ready-to-eat savouries and snacks
*Desserts
*Food supplements excluding for infants and young children


-Industrial grade:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used in such industries as oil field, paper-making, textile, dyeing, petrochemical industry, tanning industry, metallurgical industry and building material industry.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a water softening agent in solution for printing, dyeing, and boiler, as diffusant in papermaking; retarding agent, floating agent, dispersing medium, high temperature agglomerant, Detergent and soil analytical chemical reagent.



FOOD GRADE SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
*Water holding capacity:
The Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) food grade can be used in meat products, fish sausage, ham and so on to improve the water retention, increase adhesion and prevent fat oxidation.

*Improve the taste and color of food:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can be used in soy sauce to prevent discoloration, as well increase viscosity, shorten fermentation period, adjust taste.
For ice cream, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can improve the capacity of expansion, increase the volume, enhance the emulsification to prevent the destruction of paste, as well as improve the taste and color.

*Anticorrosion performance:
The aqueous solution of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) 68% can be sprayed on the cured meat to improve corrosion resistance.

*More uses:
For fruit drinks and cool drinks, the Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) chemical can improve the juice yield, increase viscosity and inhibit the decomposition of vitamin C.
For beans, canned fruits and vegetables, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can stabilize natural pigments and protect food color.



FOOD USES of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
Generally, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a multi-functional ingredient that can work as a texturizer, PH regulator, metal ions chelating agent, binder, bulking agent and etc.
Food grade Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can be used as a cross-linking agent to react with starch to produce modified food starch by increasing starch molecular weight and stabilize the starch structure.

Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also commonly used with other sodium phosphates in the processing of fish, shellfish and other aquatic products as a water-retaining agent and quality or taste improver.
Plus, we can also find Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) as an emulsifying salt in process cheese.



BEVERAGE USES of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used in a variety of beverage products.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) extends shelf life, enhances flavor, and also improves clarity and prevents turbidity, such as in fruit juices and carbonated beverages.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can also stabilize the protein and enhance flavor in a protein drink.



CANNED FOOD OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) stabilizes natural pigments in canned beans, fruits and vegetables, and therefore protect its color.
Also, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can emulsify fat in canned meat, resulting in maintaining uniform texture.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can also be used with other sodium phosphates to retain moisture, enhance flavor, and increase shelf life in the processing of meats, cheese, dairy products, seafood, and poultry.



COSMETICS USES OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
Per the “European Commission database for information on cosmetic substances and ingredients”, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) functions as anticorrosive, chelating and masking agents in cosmetic and personal care products.

We can find the following personal care products with SHMP and its functions:
*Bath salts: soften the water and adjust pH.
*Toothpastes and Mouthwashes: remove calcium from stains on teeth.
*Water treatment

The technical grade of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is mainly used in water treatment as a sequestrant.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can reduce formation, corrosion, lead/copper leaching, and biofilm formation in pipes and other equipment.
And Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can chelate certain metal oxides, such as Ca, and Mg.



CHEMICAL FORMULA OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is to describe polyphosphate with four or more phosphate units.
Here Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) has six phosphate units with the chemical formula (NaPO3)6.



HISTORY OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) was named in 1849 by the German chemist Theodor Fleitmann.
By 1956, chromatographic analysis of hydrolysates of Graham's salt (sodium polyphosphate) indicated the presence of cyclic anions containing more than four phosphate groups; these findings were confirmed in 1961.
In 1963, the German chemists Erich Thilo and Ulrich Schülke succeeded in preparing sodium hexametaphosphate by heating anhydrous sodium trimetaphosphate.



PREPARATION OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is prepared by heating monosodium orthophosphate to generate sodium acid pyrophosphate:
2 NaH2PO4 → Na2H2P2O7 + H2O
Subsequently, the pyrophosphate is heated to give the corresponding Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i):
3 Na2H2P2O7 → (NaPO3)6 + 3 H2O
followed by rapid cooling.



REACTIONS OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) hydrolyzes in aqueous solution, particularly under acidic conditions, to sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium orthophosphate.



WHAT IS SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i) MADE OF?
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates, of which the hexamer is one.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is more correctly called sodium polymetaphosphate.



HOW IS SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i) MADE?
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is an inorganic polyphosphate that can be produced by chemical synthesis.
Here introducing three manufacturing process according to various raw materials:
1. Sodium chloride and phosphoric acid
Sodium chloride and phosphoric acid as raw materials mixed evenly and subjected to melt polymerization.

2. Caustic soda and phosphoric acid
Caustic soda liquid reacts with phosphoric acid, and then add sodium nitrate, dewatering and agglomerating process are conducted in an agglomeration gasifier.

3. Monosodium orthophosphate
By heating monosodium orthophosphate to generate sodium acid pyrophosphate and then still heating.
The following is the reaction equation:

2 NaH2PO4 → Na2H2P2O7 + H2O
3 Na2H2P2O7 → (NaPO3)6 + 3 H2O



IS SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i) VEGAN?
Yes, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is vegan as the raw material used and manufacturing process without the use of animal matter or products derived from animal origin.
As a food ingredient, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is considered vegan and vegetarians can eat it.


IS SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i) HALAL?
Yes, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is recognised as halal as it is permitted under the Islamic Law and fulfill the conditions of Halal.


IS SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i) KOSHER?
Yes, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is kosher pareve.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) has met all the “kashruth” requirements and can be certified as kosher or maybe kosher passover.


IS SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i) GLUTEN FREE?
Yes, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is gluten free as it complies with the FDA’s definition of gluten free, that it does not contain wheat, rye, barley, or crossbreeds of these grains.



IS SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i) SAFE TO EAT?
Yes, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i)'s safety when used as a food additive has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), as well as other authorities.

FDA:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is permitted to use as a flavoring agent or adjuvant in fruit jellies, cheese, frozen desserts and food dressing .
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used as a sequestrant in accordance with good manufacturing practice.

EFSA:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is a subclass of polyphosphates (E452) and classified in “additives other than colours and sweeteners”.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is approved as a food additive in the European Union (EU) in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 on food additives and specific purity criteria have been defined in the Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012.

Safety re-evaluation in 2019:
EFSA derived a group acceptable daily intake (ADI) for phosphates expressed as phosphorus of 40 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day and concluded that this ADI is protective for the human population.



SOME OF THE COMMON SPECIFICATIONS OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i) ARE:
e452 i sodium hexametaphosphate
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Assay: ≥ 68%
pH value (1% solution): 5.8 – 7.3
Solubility: Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol
Heavy metals (as Pb): ≤ 10 ppm
Arsenic (As): ≤ 3 ppm

Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is made up of sodium cations (Na+) and hexametaphosphate anions, which are six linked phosphate units (PO4) in a cyclic structure.

The synthesis of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) involves the polymerization of orthophosphates, typically under high temperature and pressure conditions.
Commercially, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is often produced by the calcination of monosodium phosphate or disodium phosphate, which results in the formation of sodium metaphosphate, followed by hydrolysis of the latter to form hexametaphosphate.



FUNCTIONS OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
1. Chelating Agent (Chelants) -
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) binds to and removes potentially toxic or unwanted metals

2. Emulsifier -
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) allows water and oils to remain mixed together to form an emulsion.
Sodium polyphosphate (E452(i)), potassium polyphosphate (E452(ii)), sodium calcium polyphosphate (E452(iii)) and calcium polyphosphate (E452(iv)) are used as food additives.
They are approved to use as food additive in EU.



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
*Inorganic sodium salts
*Inorganic oxides



SUBSTITUENTS OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
*Alkali metal phosphate
*Inorganic sodium salt
*Inorganic oxide
*Inorganic salt



WHAT SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i) CAN DO?
1. Meat Processing:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is often added to meat products as a tenderizer and preservative.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) helps to soften the meat fibers and improve the texture of the final product.
Additionally, Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can help to extend the shelf life of meat products by inhibiting bacterial growth.

2. Dairy Products:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is commonly used in dairy products such as cheese and milk to improve their texture and appearance.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can help to prevent the separation of fat from the rest of the product and to stabilize the proteins.

3. Canned Foods:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is often added to canned foods to prevent discoloration and maintain the texture of the food.
This is particularly important in fruits and vegetables which may be subjected to high heat during processing.

4. Baked Goods:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is sometimes added to baked goods such as bread and cakes as a dough conditioner.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can help to improve the consistency of the dough and to increase its water-holding capacity, resulting in a better-quality final product.

5. Beverages:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used in the beverage industry as a clarifying agent.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) can help to remove impurities and sediment from beverages such as beer and wine.

6. Water Treatment:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a water treatment agent to prevent scale formation in pipes and boilers.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) works by sequestering calcium and magnesium ions, which are responsible for causing scaling.



SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i) IS PERMITTED TO USE IN ALMOST ALL CATEGORIES OF FOODS:
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is permitted to use in almost all categories of foods with the maximum level 10,000 mg/l or mg/kg.
The following foods may contain with it:
*Dairy products and analogues,
*Fats and oils and fat and oil emulsions,
*Edible ices,
*Fruit and vegetables,
*Confectionery,
*Cereals and cereal products,
*Bakery wares,
*Meat,
*Fish and fisheries products,
*Eggs and egg products,
*Sugars, syrups, honey and table-top sweeteners,
*Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads and protein products,
*Beverages,
*Ready-to-eat savories, snacks and
*Desserts



FUNCTION OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) technological quality is used as a highly effective addition of water softener and detergent in cooling water treatment in power stations, sodium hexametaphosphate shmp as a water preservative, vehicles, antiscalant sodium hexametaphosphate, boiler and fertilizer plant.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is used as a flotation agent in the ore processing industry and as a sedative in pharmaceuticals.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) is also used in fabric dyeing, leather, paper making, soil analysis, radiation chemicals, analytical chemistry, etc.



STORAGE AND HANDLING PRECAUTION OF SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i) should be kept in dry, cool, and shaded place with original packaging, avoid moisture, store at room temperature.
Handling of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (E452i)should only be performed by personnel trained and familiar with handling of organic chemicals.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
CAS Number: 68915-31-1
EC Number: 233-343-1
Chemical formula: Na6P6O18
Molar mass: 611.7704 g mol−1
Appearance: White crystals
Odor: odorless
Density: 2.484 g/cm3
Melting point: 628 °C (1,162 °F; 901 K)
Boiling point: 1,500 °C (2,730 °F; 1,770 K)
Solubility in water: soluble
Solubility: insoluble in organic solvents
Refractive index (nD): 1.482
Type: Sodium Hexametaphosphate

Grade Standard: Industrial Grade
Appearance: White Powder
Shelf Life: 2 Years
CAS No.: 10124-56-8MF: (NaPo3)6
EINECS NO.: 233-343-1
Molecular Weight: 611.7
CAS No.: 10124-56-8
EINECS No.: 233-343-1
MF: (NaPO3)6
Molecular weight: 611.7
Appearance: White Powder
Grade: Technical grade/ food grade
Shelf Life: 2 years

Physical state: crystalline
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 628 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: soluble, (experimental)
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available

logP: -2.5
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 0.097
Physiological Charge: -6
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 12
Hydrogen Donor Count: 0
Polar Surface Area: 296.16 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Refractivity: 58.51 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 24.49 ų
Number of Rings: 1
Bioavailability: No
Rule of Five: No

Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: No
MDDR-like Rule: No
Chemical Formula: Na6O18P6
IUPAC name: hexasodium hexaoxocyclohexaphosphoxane-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexakis(olate)
InChI Identifier: InChI=1S/6Na.H6O18P6/c;;;;;;1-19(2)13-20(3,4)15-22(7,8)17-24(11,12)18-23(9,10)16-21(5,6)14-19/h;;;;;;(H,1,2)(H,3,4)(H,5,6)(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12)/q6*+1;/p-6
InChI Key: GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H
Isomeric SMILES: [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1
Average Molecular Weight: 611.7704
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 611.689650318



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the
surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Nature of decomposition products not known.
Not combustible.
Ambient fire may liberate hazardous vapours.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P1
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13:
Non Combustible Solids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE (E452i):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
no information available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
sodium cyclo-hexaphosphate
Calgon S
Glassy sodium
Graham's salt
Hexasodium metaphosphate
Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt
Sodium Hexametaphoshpate
Sodium Metaphosphate
Calgon
SHMP
Hexasodium
Sodium Henamephophate
SHMP
Calgon
Phosphate glass, water soluble
Polyphosphate sodium salt, Sodium polyphosphate
Calgon
Phosphate glass, water soluble
Polyphosphate sodium salt
Sodium polyphosphate
Calgon
Hexametaphosphate, sodium salt
Hexasodium hexametaphosphate
Hexasodium hexaoxocyclohexaphosphoxane-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexakis(olic acid)
Hexasodium metaphosphate
Hexasodium metaphosphoric acid (P6O186(-))
Metaphosphoric acid (H6P6O18), hexasodium salt
Metaphosphoric acid (H6P6O18), sodium salt (1:6)
Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt




SODIUM HUMATE
SODIUM HYDROSULFITE, N° CAS : 7775-14-6, Nom INCI : SODIUM HYDROSULFITE, Nom chimique : Sodium dithionite, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 231-890-0. Ses fonctions (INCI), Agent réducteur : Modifie la nature chimique d'une autre substance en ajoutant de l'hydrogène ou en éliminant l'oxygène. Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques
SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE (NASH)
DESCRIPTION:

Sodium hydrosulfide (NASH) is the chemical compound with the formula NaSH.
Sodium hydrosulfide (NASH) is the product of the half-neutralization of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
NaSH and sodium sulfide are used industrially, often for similar purposes.


Solid NaSH is colorless.
The solid has an odor of H2S owing to hydrolysis by atmospheric moisture.
In contrast with sodium sulfide (Na2S), which is insoluble in organic solvents, NaSH, being a 1:1 electrolyte, is more soluble.


CAS Number, 16721-80-5
EC Number, 240-778-0
IUPAC nameSodium hydrosulfide


SYNONYMS OF SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE (NASH):
Sodium bisulfide,Sodium sulfhydrate,Sodium hydrogen sulfide,NaHS,sodium bisulfide,sodium hydrosulfide,SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE,16721-80-5,Sodium bisulfide,Sodium sulfhydrate,Sodium sulfide (Na(SH)),Sodium hydrogen sulfide,Sodium mercaptan,Sodium mercaptide,NaHS,Sodium hydrosulphide,sodium sulfanide,Sodium Hydrogensulfide,sodium;sulfanide,Hydrogen sodium sulfide,Sodium sulfide (Na(HS)),Sodium hydrosulfide (Na(HS)),Sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS),NA2922,FWU2KQ177W,CHEMBL1644699,NSC-158264,Hidrosulfuro sodics,Hidrosulfuro sodics [Spanish],HSDB 5165,Hydrogenosulfure de sodium [French],EINECS 240-778-0,Hydrogenosulfure de sodium,UN2318,UN2949,UNII-FWU2KQ177W,NSC 158264,AI3-14915,sodiumhydrogensulfide,sodium hydro-sulfide,MFCD00011124,SODIUM BISULPHIDE,EC 240-778-0,SODIUM BISULFIDE [MI],GTPL6278,DTXSID3029738,HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M,Sodium hydrogen sulfide, anhydrous,SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE [HSDB],NSC158264,AKOS015915184,FT-0651301,NS00075797,A810831,Q414203,J-013607,Sodium hydrosulfide, with <25% water of crystallization,Sodium hydrosulfide, with not <25% water of crystallization,Sodium hydrosulfide, with not <25% water of crystallization [UN2949] [Corrosive],115694-77-4,Sodium hydrosulfide, with <25% water of crystallization [UN2318] [Spontaneously combustible]



Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) is an economical form of reactive sulfur that is typically a light-yellow colored solution.
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), a toxic gas, is evolved upon contact of NaSH with acids.
NaSH is mildly corrosive to carbon steel and cast iron.

Stainless steels are very resistant to corrosion.
Copper and its alloys, aluminum and zinc are rapidly attacked.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) storage systems are to be avoided.


Sodium hydrosulfide is a colorless to light yellow crystalline solid or fused mass.
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) is corrosive to skin and metal.
Used in paper pulping, manufacturing dyes, and dehairing hides.

Sodium hydrosulfide, solution appears as a colorless to light-yellow liquid.
Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) is used in paper pulping, manufacturing dyes and dehairing hides.

Sodium hydrosulfide hydrate is a hydrated inorganic salt of sodium.
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) participates in the synthesis of (E)-2-cyano-2-(thiazolidin-2-ylidene)ethanethioamide.

Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) is Reducible and corrosive alkaline substance.
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) has Significant deliquescence.
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) has High solubility in water and soluble in alcohol.

Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) Reacts with oxygen and carbon dioxide gas in the air to form sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfite and sodium carbonate.
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) Generates hydrogen sulfide gas on contact with acid.


Sodium Hydrosulfide is an economical form of reactive sulfur that is typically a light-yellow colored solution with the accompanying odor of rotten eggs.
Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S), a toxic gas, is evolved upon contact of Sodium Hydrosulfide with acids.


Sodium hydrosulfide is the chemical compound with the formula NaSH.
Other names include sodium bisulfide, sodium sulfhydrate, sodium hydrogen sulfide and Nash.
This species is the product of the half -neutralization of hydrogen sulfide with a sodium-derived base.

Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) is a useful reagent for the synthesis of organic and inorganic sulfur compounds.
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) is a colorless solid that typically smells like H2S due to hydrolysis by atmospheric moisture.
In contrast with Na2S, which is insoluble in organic solvents, NaSH, being a 1:1 electrolyte, is more soluble.

Alternatively, in place of NaSH, H2S can be treated with an organic amine to generate an ammoniumSH salt.
Solutions of SH- are sensitive to oxygen, converting mainly to polysulfides, indicated by the appearance of yellow.




APPLICATIONS OF SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE (NASH):
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) may be used as a sulfur nucleophile to induce the C-S bond formation in α,β-dichloro vinyl ketones to form 5- to 8-membered cyclic thioethers.

Sodium hydrosulfide hydrate may be used in the synthesis of following:
benzothiazole
4-methoxybenzothioamide
2-(4-methoxyphenyl)imidazoline
7-chloro-4′-methoxythioflavone


Applications[edit]
Thousands of tons of NaSH are produced annually.
Its main uses are in cloth and paper manufacture as a makeup chemical for sulfur used in the kraft process, as a flotation agent in copper mining where it is used to activate oxide mineral species, and in the leather industry for the removal of hair from hides


Sodium hydrosulfide is used as a reactive form of sulfur and acts as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals, including thio-chemicals used in textile processing, in the production of flame retardant resins, and in vulcanization accelerators.
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) is also used as a processing aid in the production of a variety of industrial products.
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) is a de-hairing agent in the production of fine leathers.

In mining, Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) is a flotation agent, helpful in the precipitation of metals from ore slurries.
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) is also valuable as a raw material in the production of heat-resistant plastics for the auto and electronic industries.
In paper making, Sodium hydrosulfide is used to add sulfidity to cooking liquor in kraft pulp mills.


Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) to the pulp and paper industry.
It’s available in two concentrations: high purity 42–45% NaHS; and 15–25% NaHS — a cost effective alternative in many applications.

Uses for NaHS include:
Sulfide component in synthetic white liquor
Liquid alternative to solid salt cake and emulsified sulfur






STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE (NASH):
Crystalline NaHS undergoes two phase transitions.
At temperatures above 360 K, NaSH adopts the NaCl structure, which implies that the HS− behaves as a spherical anion owing to its rapid rotation, leading to equal occupancy of eight equivalent positions.

Below 360 K, a rhombohedral structure forms, and the HS− sweeps out a discoidal shape.
Below 114 K, the structure becomes monoclinic.
The analogous rubidium and potassium compounds behave similarly.


NaSH has a relatively low melting point of 350 °C. In addition to the aforementioned anhydrous forms, it can be obtained as two different hydrates, NaSH•2H2O and NaSH•3H2O.
These three species are all colorless and behave similarly, but not identically.
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) can be used to precipitate other metal hydrosulfides, by treatment of aqueous solutions of their salts with sodium hydrosulfide.
Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) is analogous to sodium hydroxide, and is a strong base.


PREPARATION OF SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE (NASH):
One laboratory synthesis entails treatment of sodium ethoxide (NaOEt) with hydrogen sulfide:
NaOCH2CH3 + H2S → NaSH + CH3CH2OH
An alternative method involves reaction of sodium with hydrogen sulfide.





CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL:
Chemical formula, NaSH
Molar mass, 56.063 g/mol
Appearance, off-white solid, deliquescent
Density, 1.79 g/cm3
Melting point, 350.1 °C (662.2 °F; 623.2 K) (anhydrous)
55 °C (dihydrate)
22 °C (trihydrate)
Solubility in water, 50 g/100 mL (22 °C)
Solubility, Soluble in alcohol, ether
Molecular Weight
56.07 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
1
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
1
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Rotatable Bond Count
0
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Exact Mass
55.96966549 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Monoisotopic Mass
55.96966549 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Topological Polar Surface Area
1Ų
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Heavy Atom Count
2
Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge
0
Computed by PubChem
Complexity
2
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Isotope Atom Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
2
Computed by PubChem
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
form
chips
flakes

Quality Level
100
concentration
≥60% (by Na2S2O3, titration)
mp
52-54 °C (lit.)
SMILES string
[Na]S.[H]O[H]
InChI
1S/Na.H2O.H2S/h;2*1H2/q+1;;/p-1
InChI key
ZNKXTIAQRUWLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Specific Gravity: 1.6
Bulk Specific Gravity: 0.6
Melting Point: 52°C
Boiling Point: 160°C



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT SODIUM HYDROSULFIDE (NASH):
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.


SODIUM HYDROXIDE
IUPAC name: Sodium hydroxide
CAS Number: 1310-73-2
EC Number: 215-185-5
Chemical formula: NaOH
Molar mass: 39.9971 g/mol

Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH.
Sodium hydroxide is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na+ and hydroxide anions OH−.

Sodium hydroxide is a highly caustic base and alkali that decomposes proteins at ordinary ambient temperatures and may cause severe chemical burns.
Sodium hydroxide is highly soluble in water, and readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air.
Sodium hydroxide forms a series of hydrates NaOH·nH2O.

The monohydrate NaOH·H2O crystallizes from water solutions between 12.3 and 61.8 °C.
The commercially available "sodium hydroxide" is often this monohydrate, and published data may refer to it instead of the anhydrous compound.

As one of the simplest hydroxides, sodium hydroxide is frequently used alongside neutral water and acidic hydrochloric acid to demonstrate the pH scale to chemistry students.

Sodium hydroxide is used in many industries: in the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles, drinking water, soaps and detergents, and as a drain cleaner.
Worldwide production in 2004 was approximately 60 million tons, while demand was 51 million tons.

Properties
Physical properties
Pure sodium hydroxide is a colorless crystalline solid that melts at 318 °C (604 °F) without decomposition, and with a boiling point of 1,388 °C (2,530 °F).
Sodium hydroxide is highly soluble in water, with a lower solubility in polar solvents such as ethanol and methanol.
NaOH is insoluble in ether and other non-polar solvents.

Similar to the hydration of sulfuric acid, dissolution of solid sodium hydroxide in water is a highly exothermic reaction where a large amount of heat is liberated, posing a threat to safety through the possibility of splashing.

The resulting solution is usually colorless and odorless.
As with other alkaline solutions, it feels slippery with skin contact due to the process of saponification that occurs between NaOH and natural skin oils.

Viscosity
Concentrated (50%) aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide have a characteristic viscosity, 78 mPa·s, that is much greater than that of water (1.0 mPa·s) and near that of olive oil (85 mPa·s) at room temperature.
The viscosity of aqueous NaOH, as with any liquid chemical, is inversely related to its service temperature, i.e., its viscosity decreases as temperature increases, and vice versa.
The viscosity of sodium hydroxide solutions plays a direct role in its application as well as its storage.

Hydrates
Sodium hydroxide can form several hydrates NaOH·nH2O, which result in a complex solubility diagram that was described in detail by S.U. Pickering in 1893.
The known hydrates and the approximate ranges of temperature and concentration (mass percent of NaOH) of their saturated water solutions are:

Heptahydrate, NaOH·7H2O: from −28 °C (18.8%) to −24 °C (22.2%).
Pentahydrate, NaOH·5H2O: from −24 °C (22.2%) to −17.7 (24.8%).
Tetrahydrate, NaOH·4H2O, α form: from −17.7 (24.8%) to +5.4 °C (32.5%).
Tetrahydrate, NaOH·4H2O, β form: metastable.
Trihemihydrate, NaOH·3.5H2O: from +5.4 °C (32.5%) to +15.38 °C (38.8%) and then to +5.0 °C (45.7%).
Trihydrate, NaOH·3H2O: metastable.
Dihydrate, NaOH·2H2O: from +5.0 °C (45.7%) to +12.3 °C (51%).
Monohydrate, NaOH·H2O: from +12.3 °C (51%) to 65.10 °C (69%) then to 62.63 °C (73.1%).
Early reports refer to hydrates with n = 0.5 or n = 2/3, but later careful investigations failed to confirm their existence.

The only hydrates with stable melting points are NaOH·H2O (65.10 °C) and NaOH·3.5H2O (15.38 °C).
The other hydrates, except the metastable ones NaOH·3H2O and NaOH·4H2O (β) can be crystallized from solutions of the proper composition, as listed above.

However, solutions of NaOH can be easily supercooled by many degrees, which allows the formation of hydrates (including the metastable ones) from solutions with different concentrations.

For example, when a solution of NaOH and water with 1:2 mole ratio (52.6% NaOH by mass) is cooled, the monohydrate normally starts to crystallize (at about 22 °C) before the dihydrate.
However, the solution can easily be supercooled down to −15 °C, at which point it may quickly crystallize as the dihydrate.

When heated, the solid dihydrate might melt directly into a solution at 13.35 °C; however, once the temperature exceeds 12.58 °C.
Sodium hydroxide often decomposes into solid monohydrate and a liquid solution.
Even the n = 3.5 hydrate is difficult to crystallize, because the solution supercools so much that other hydrates become more stable.

A hot water solution containing 73.1% (mass) of NaOH is an eutectic that solidifies at about 62.63 °C as an intimate mix of anhydrous and monohydrate crystals.

A second stable eutectic composition is 45.4% (mass) of NaOH, that solidifies at about 4.9 °C into a mixture of crystals of the dihydrate and of the 3.5-hydrate.

The third stable eutectic has 18.4% (mass) of NaOH. Sodium hydroxide solidifies at about −28.7 °C as a mixture of water ice and the heptahydrate NaOH·7H2O.

When solutions with less than 18.4% NaOH are cooled, water ice crystallizes first, leaving the NaOH in solution.

The α form of the tetrahydrate has density 1.33 g/cm3. Sodium hydroxide melts congruously at 7.55 °C into a liquid with 35.7% NaOH and density 1.392 g/cm3, and therefore floats on it like ice on water. However, at about 4.9 °C it may instead melt incongruously into a mixture of solid NaOH·3.5H2O and a liquid solution.

The β form of the tetrahydrate is metastable, and often transforms spontaneously to the α form when cooled below −20 °C.[17] Once initiated, the exothermic transformation is complete in a few minutes, with a 6.5% increase in volume of the solid. The β form can be crystallized from supercooled solutions at −26 °C, and melts partially at −1.83 °C.

The "sodium hydroxide" of commerce is often the monohydrate (density 1.829 g/cm3). Physical data in technical literature may refer to this form, rather than the anhydrous compound.

Crystal structure
NaOH and its monohydrate form orthorhombic crystals with the space groups Cmcm (oS8) and Pbca (oP24), respectively.
The monohydrate cell dimensions are a = 1.1825, b = 0.6213, c = 0.6069 nm.
The atoms are arranged in a hydrargillite-like layer structure /O Na O O Na O/...

Each sodium atom is surrounded by six oxygen atoms, three each from hydroxyl anions HO− and three from water molecules.
The hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyls form strong bonds with oxygen atoms within each O layer.
Adjacent O layers are held together by hydrogen bonds between water molecules.

Chemical properties
Reaction with acids
Sodium hydroxide reacts with protic acids to produce water and the corresponding salts.
For example, when sodium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride is formed:

NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) +H2O(l)
In general, such neutralization reactions are represented by one simple net ionic equation:

OH−(aq) + H+(aq) → H2O(l)
This type of reaction with a strong acid releases heat, and hence is exothermic.
Such acid–base reactions can also be used for titrations. However, sodium hydroxide is not used as a primary standard because it is hygroscopic and absorbs carbon dioxide from air.

Reaction with acidic oxides
Sodium hydroxide also reacts with acidic oxides, such as sulfur dioxide.
Such reactions are often used to "scrub" harmful acidic gases (like SO2 and H2S) produced in the burning of coal and thus prevent their release into the atmosphere.
For example,

2 NaOH + SO2 → Na2SO3 + H2O
Reaction with metals and oxides
Glass reacts slowly with aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions at ambient temperatures to form soluble silicates.
Because of this, glass joints and stopcocks exposed to sodium hydroxide have a tendency to "freeze".

Flasks and glass-lined chemical reactors are damaged by long exposure to hot sodium hydroxide, which also frosts the glass. Sodium hydroxide does not attack iron at room temperatures, since iron does not have amphoteric properties (i.e., it only dissolves in acid, not base).

Nevertheless, at high temperatures (e.g. above 500 °C), iron can react endothermically with sodium hydroxide to form iron(III) oxide, sodium metal, and hydrogen gas.

This is due to the lower enthalpy of formation of iron(III) oxide (−824.2 kJ/mol) compared to sodium hydroxide (-500 kJ/mol) and positive entropy change of reaction, which imply spontaneity at high temperatures (ΔST>ΔH, ΔG<0) and non-spontaneity at low temperatures (ΔST<ΔH, ΔG>0).
Consider the following reaction between molten sodium hydroxide and finely divided iron filings:

4 Fe + 6 NaOH → 2 Fe2O3 + 6 Na + 3 H2
A few transition metals, however, may react vigorously with sodium hydroxide under milder conditions.

In 1986, an aluminium road tanker in the UK was mistakenly used to transport 25% sodium hydroxide solution, causing pressurization of the contents and damage to the tanker.
The pressurization was due to the hydrogen gas which is produced in the reaction between sodium hydroxide and aluminium:

2 Al + 2 NaOH + 6 H2O → 2 NaAl(OH)4 + 3 H2

Precipitant
Unlike sodium hydroxide, which is soluble, the hydroxides of most transition metals are insoluble, and therefore sodium hydroxide can be used to precipitate transition metal hydroxides. The following colours are observed:

Copper - blue
Iron(II) - green
Iron(III) - yellow / brown
Zinc and lead salts dissolve in excess sodium hydroxide to give a clear solution of Na2ZnO2 or Na2PbO2.

Aluminium hydroxide is used as a gelatinous flocculant to filter out particulate matter in water treatment. Aluminium hydroxide is prepared at the treatment plant from aluminium sulfate by reacting it with sodium hydroxide or bicarbonate.

Al2(SO4)3 + 6 NaOH → 2 Al(OH)3 + 3 Na2SO4
Al2(SO4)3 + 6 NaHCO3 → 2 Al(OH)3 + 3 Na2SO4 + 6 CO2

Saponification
Sodium hydroxide can be used for the base-driven hydrolysis of esters (as in saponification), amides and alkyl halides.
However, the limited solubility of sodium hydroxide in organic solvents means that the more soluble potassium hydroxide (KOH) is often preferred.
Touching a sodium hydroxide solution with bare hands, while not recommended, produces a slippery feeling.

This happens because oils on the skin such as sebum are converted to soap.
Despite solubility in propylene glycol it is unlikely to replace water in saponification due to propylene glycol's primary reaction with fat before reaction between sodium hydroxide and fat.

Production
For historical information, see Alkali manufacture.
Sodium hydroxide is industrially produced as a 50% solution by variations of the electrolytic chloralkali process.

Chlorine gas is also produced in this process.
Solid sodium hydroxide is obtained from this solution by the evaporation of water.
Solid sodium hydroxide is most commonly sold as flakes, prills, and cast blocks.

In 2004, world production was estimated at 60 million dry tonnes of sodium hydroxide, and demand was estimated at 51 million tonnes.
In 1998, total world production was around 45 million tonnes.
North America and Asia each contributed around 14 million tonnes, while Europe produced around 10 million tonnes.

In the United States, the major producer of sodium hydroxide is Olin, which has annual production around 5.7 million tonnes from sites at Freeport, Texas, and Plaquemine, Louisiana, St Gabriel, Louisiana, McIntosh, Alabama, Charleston, Tennessee, Niagara Falls, New York, and Becancour, Canada.
Other major US producers include Oxychem, Westlake, Shintek and Formosa.
All of these companies use the chloralkali process.

Historically, sodium hydroxide was produced by treating sodium carbonate with calcium hydroxide in a metathesis reaction which takes advantage of the fact that sodium hydroxide is soluble, while calcium carbonate is not.
This process was called causticizing.

Ca(OH)2(aq) + Na2CO3(s) → CaCO3(s) + 2 NaOH(aq)
This process was superseded by the Solvay process in the late 19th century, which was in turn supplanted by the chloralkali process which is in use today.

Sodium hydroxide is also produced by combining pure sodium metal with water. The byproducts are hydrogen gas and heat, often resulting in a flame.

2 Na + 2 H2O → 2 NaOH + H2
This reaction is commonly used for demonstrating the reactivity of alkali metals in academic environments; however, it is not commercially viable, as the isolation of sodium metal is typically performed by reduction or electrolysis of sodium compounds including sodium hydroxide.

Uses
Sodium hydroxide is a popular strong base used in industry.
Sodium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of sodium salts and detergents, pH regulation, and organic synthesis.
In bulk, it is most often handled as an aqueous solution, since solutions are cheaper and easier to handle.

Sodium hydroxide is used in many scenarios where it is desirable to increase the alkalinity of a mixture, or to neutralize acids.

For example, in the petroleum industry, sodium hydroxide is used as an additive in drilling mud to increase alkalinity in bentonite mud systems, to increase the mud viscosity, and to neutralize any acid gas (such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide) which may be encountered in the geological formation as drilling progresses.

Another use is in Salt spray testing where pH needs to be regulated. Sodium hydroxide is used with hydrochloric acid to balance pH. The resultant salt, NaCl, is the corrosive agent used in the standard neutral pH salt spray test.

Poor quality crude oil can be treated with sodium hydroxide to remove sulfurous impurities in a process known as caustic washing.
As above, sodium hydroxide reacts with weak acids such as hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans to yield non-volatile sodium salts, which can be removed.

The waste which is formed is toxic and difficult to deal with, and the process is banned in many countries because of this.
In 2006, Trafigura used the process and then dumped the waste in Ivory Coast.

Other common uses of sodium hydroxide include:

For making soaps and detergents.
Sodium hydroxide is used for hard bar soap while potassium hydroxide is used for liquid soaps.
Sodium hydroxide is used more often than potassium hydroxide because it is cheaper and a smaller quantity is needed.

As drain cleaners that contain sodium hydroxide convert fats and grease that can clog pipes into soap, which dissolves in water. (see cleaning agent)

For making artificial textile fibres (such as Rayon).

In the manufacture of paper. Around 56% of sodium hydroxide produced is used by industry, 25% of which is used in the paper industry. (see chemical pulping)

In purifying bauxite ore from which aluminium metal is extracted. This is known as Bayer process. (see dissolving amphoteric metals and compounds)

In de-greasing metals, oil refining, and making dyes and bleaches.

In water treatment plants for pH regulation.
to treat bagels and pretzel dough, giving the distinctive shiny finish.

Chemical pulping
Main article: Pulp (paper)
Sodium hydroxide is also widely used in pulping of wood for making paper or regenerated fibers.
Along with sodium sulfide, sodium hydroxide is a key component of the white liquor solution used to separate lignin from cellulose fibers in the kraft process.

Sodium hydroxide also plays a key role in several later stages of the process of bleaching the brown pulp resulting from the pulping process.
These stages include oxygen delignification, oxidative extraction, and simple extraction, all of which require a strong alkaline environment with a pH > 10.5 at the end of the stages.

Tissue digestion
In a similar fashion, sodium hydroxide is used to digest tissues, as in a process that was used with farm animals at one time. This process involved placing a carcass into a sealed chamber, then adding a mixture of sodium hydroxide and water (which breaks the chemical bonds that keep the flesh intact).

This eventually turns the body into a liquid with coffee-like appearance, and the only solid that remains are bone hulls, which could be crushed between one's fingertips.

Sodium hydroxide is frequently used in the process of decomposing roadkill dumped in landfills by animal disposal contractors.
Due to its availability and low cost, it has been used by criminals to dispose of corpses.
Sodium hydroxidealian serial killer Leonarda Cianciulli used this chemical to turn dead bodies into soap.
In Mexico, a man who worked for drug cartels admitted disposing of over 300 bodies with it.

Sodium hydroxide is a dangerous chemical due to its ability to hydrolyze protein.
If a dilute solution is spilled on the skin, burns may result if the area is not washed thoroughly and for several minutes with running water.
Splashes in the eye can be more serious and can lead to blindness.

Dissolving amphoteric metals and compounds
Strong bases attack aluminium. Sodium hydroxide reacts with aluminium and water to release hydrogen gas.
The aluminium takes the oxygen atom from sodium hydroxide, which in turn takes the oxygen atom from the water, and releases the two hydrogen atoms.
The reaction thus produces hydrogen gas and sodium aluminate.
In this reaction, sodium hydroxide acts as an agent to make the solution alkaline, which aluminium can dissolve in.

2 Al + 2 NaOH + 2 H2O → 2 NaAlO2 + 3 H2
Sodium aluminate is an inorganic chemical that is used as an effective source of aluminium hydroxide for many industrial and technical applications.
Pure sodium aluminate (anhydrous) is a white crystalline solid having a formula variously given as NaAlO2, Na3AlO3, NaAl(OH)4, Na2O·Al2O3 or Na2Al2O4.
Formation of sodium tetrahydroxoaluminate(III) or hydrated sodium aluminate is given by:[38]

2 Al + 2 NaOH + 6 H2O → 2 NaAl(OH)4 + 3 H2
This reaction can be useful in etching, removing anodizing, or converting a polished surface to a satin-like finish, but without further passivation such as anodizing or alodining the surface may become degraded, either under normal use or in severe atmospheric conditions.

In the Bayer process, sodium hydroxide is used in the refining of alumina containing ores (bauxite) to produce alumina (aluminium oxide) which is the raw material used to produce aluminium metal via the electrolytic Hall-Héroult process.
Since the alumina is amphoteric, it dissolves in the sodium hydroxide, leaving impurities less soluble at high pH such as iron oxides behind in the form of a highly alkaline red mud.

Other amphoteric metals are zinc and lead which dissolve in concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions to give sodium zincate and sodium plumbate respectively.

Esterification and transesterification reagent
Sodium hydroxide is traditionally used in soap making (cold process soap, saponification).
Sodium hydroxide was made in the nineteenth century for a hard surface rather than liquid product because it was easier to store and transport.

For the manufacture of biodiesel, sodium hydroxide is used as a catalyst for the transesterification of methanol and triglycerides.
This only works with anhydrous sodium hydroxide, because combined with water the fat would turn into soap, which would be tainted with methanol.
NaOH is used more often than potassium hydroxide because it is cheaper and a smaller quantity is needed.
Due to production costs, NaOH, which is produced using common salt is cheaper than potassium hydroxide.

Food preparation
Food uses of sodium hydroxide include washing or chemical peeling of fruits and vegetables, chocolate and cocoa processing, caramel coloring production, poultry scalding, soft drink processing, and thickening ice cream.

Olives are often soaked in sodium hydroxide for softening; Pretzels and German lye rolls are glazed with a sodium hydroxide solution before baking to make them crisp.
Owing to the difficulty in obtaining food grade sodium hydroxide in small quantities for home use, sodium carbonate is often used in place of sodium hydroxide.
Sodium hydroxide is known as E number E524.

Specific foods processed with sodium hydroxide include:

German pretzels are poached in a boiling sodium carbonate solution or cold sodium hydroxide solution before baking, which contributes to their unique crust.
Lye-water is an essential ingredient in the crust of the traditional baked Chinese moon cakes.
Most yellow coloured Chinese noodles are made with lye-water but are commonly mistaken for containing egg.
One variety of zongzi uses lye water to impart a sweet flavor.

Sodium hydroxide is also the chemical that causes gelling of egg whites in the production of Century eggs.
Some methods of preparing olives involve subjecting them to a lye-based brine.
The Filipino dessert (kakanin) called kutsinta uses a small quantity of lye water to help give the rice flour batter a jelly like consistency. A similar process is also used in the kakanin known as pitsi-pitsi or pichi-pichi except that the mixture uses grated cassava instead of rice flour.

The Norwegian dish known as lutefisk (from lutfisk, "lye fish").
Bagels are often boiled in a lye solution before baking, contributing to their shiny crust.
Hominy is dried maize (corn) kernels reconstituted by soaking in lye-water.
These expand considerably in size and may be further processed by frying to make corn nuts or by drying and grinding to make grits.

Hominy is used to create Masa, a popular flour used in Mexican cuisine to make Corn tortillas and tamales. Nixtamal is similar, but uses calcium hydroxide instead of sodium hydroxide.

Cleaning agent
Main article: Cleaning agent
Sodium hydroxide is frequently used as an industrial cleaning agent where it is often called "caustic".
Sodium hydroxide is added to water, heated, and then used to clean process equipment, storage tanks, etc. Sodium hydroxide can dissolve grease, oils, fats and protein-based deposits.

Sodium hydroxide is also used for cleaning waste discharge pipes under sinks and drains in domestic properties.
Surfactants can be added to the sodium hydroxide solution in order to stabilize dissolved substances and thus prevent redeposition.
A sodium hydroxide soak solution is used as a powerful degreaser on stainless steel and glass bakeware.
Sodium hydroxide is also a common ingredient in oven cleaners.

A common use of sodium hydroxide is in the production of parts washer detergents.
Parts washer detergents based on sodium hydroxide are some of the most aggressive parts washer cleaning chemicals.
The sodium hydroxide-based detergents include surfactants, rust inhibitors and defoamers.
A parts washer heats water and the detergent in a closed cabinet and then sprays the heated sodium hydroxide and hot water at pressure against dirty parts for degreasing applications.

Sodium hydroxide used in this manner replaced many solvent-based systems in the early 1990s[citation needed] when trichloroethane was outlawed by the Montreal Protocol. Water and sodium hydroxide detergent-based parts washers are considered to be an environmental improvement over the solvent-based cleaning methods.

Storage
Careful storage is needed when handling sodium hydroxide for use, especially bulk volumes.
Following proper NaOH storage guidelines and maintaining worker/environment safety is always recommended given the chemical's burn hazard.

Sodium hydroxide is often stored in bottles for small-scale laboratory use, within intermediate bulk containers (medium volume containers) for cargo handling and transport, or within large stationary storage tanks with volumes up to 100,000 gallons for manufacturing or waste water plants with extensive NaOH use.

Common materials that are compatible with sodium hydroxide and often utilized for NaOH storage include: polyethylene (HDPE, usual, XLPE, less common), carbon steel, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), stainless steel, and fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP, with a resistant liner).

Sodium hydroxide must be stored in airtight containers to preserve its normality as it will absorb water from the atmosphere.

History
Sodium hydroxide was first prepared by soap makers.
A procedure for making sodium hydroxide appeared as part of a recipe for making soap in an Arab book of the late 13th century: Al-mukhtara' fi funun min al-suna' (Inventions from the Various Industrial Arts), which was compiled by al-Muzaffar Yusuf ibn 'Umar ibn 'Ali ibn Rasul (d. 1295), a king of Yemen.

The recipe called for passing water repeatedly through a mixture of alkali (Arabic: al-qily, where qily is ash from saltwort plants, which are rich in sodium; hence alkali was impure sodium carbonate) and quicklime (calcium oxide, CaO), whereby a solution of sodium hydroxide was obtained. European soap makers also followed this recipe.

When in 1791 the French chemist and surgeon Nicolas Leblanc (1742–1806) patented a process for mass-producing sodium carbonate, natural "soda ash" (impure sodium carbonate that was obtained from the ashes of plants that are rich in sodium): was replaced by this artificial version.
However, by the 20th century, the electrolysis of sodium chloride had become the primary method for producing sodium hydroxide.

Appearance: White, hard (when pure), opaque crystals
Odor: odorless
Density: 2.13 g/cm3
Melting point: 323 °C
Boiling point: 1,388 °C
Solubility in water: 418 g/L (0 °C) - 1000 g/L (25 °C) - 3370 g/L (100 °C)
Solubility: soluble in glycerol - negligible in ammonia - insoluble in ether - slowly soluble in propylene glycol
Solubility in methanol: 238 g/L
Solubility in ethanol: <<139 g/L
Vapor pressure: <2.4 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa): 15.7
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −15.8·10−6 cm3/mol (aq.)[5]
Refractive index (nD): 1.3576
Crystal structure: Orthorhombic, oS8
Space group: Cmcm, No. 63
Lattice constant: a = 0.34013 nm, b = 1.1378 nm, c = 0.33984 nm
Formula units (Z): 4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 39.99250893
Monoisotopic Mass: 39.99250893
Topological Polar Surface Area: 1 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 2
Complexity: 2
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C): 59.5 J/mol K
Std molar entropy (So298): 64.4 J·mol−1·K−1
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −425.8 kJ·mol−1
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚): -379.7 kJ/mol

About Sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 000 tonnes per annum.

Sodium hydroxide is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Consumer Uses
Other release to the environment of Sodium hydroxide is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters), outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints) and outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)).

Article service life
Other release to the environment of Sodium hydroxide is likely to occur from: outdoor use, indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).

Sodium hydroxide can be found in products with material based on: fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys), leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery) and stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material).

Widespread uses by professional workers
Sodium hydroxide is used in the following areas: mining.
Sodium hydroxide is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Sodium hydroxide can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Other release to the environment of Sodium hydroxide is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters), outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).

Formulation or re-packing
ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used.
Release to the environment of Sodium hydroxide can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, as processing aid, as processing aid, in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), of substances in closed systems with minimal release, for thermoplastic manufacture, industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal), industrial abrasion processing with high release rate (e.g. sanding operations or paint stripping by shot-blasting), in the production of articles and manufacturing of the substance.

Uses at industrial sites
Sodium hydroxide is used in the following areas: mining.
Sodium hydroxide is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Sodium hydroxide can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), of substances in closed systems with minimal release, in the production of articles, as processing aid, for thermoplastic manufacture, formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal), industrial abrasion processing with high release rate (e.g. sanding operations or paint stripping by shot-blasting) and manufacturing of the substance.

Manufacture
Release to the environment of Sodium hydroxide can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid, for thermoplastic manufacture, of substances in closed systems with minimal release, industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal), industrial abrasion processing with high release rate (e.g. sanding operations or paint stripping by shot-blasting) and in the production of articles.

At room temperature, sodium hydroxide is a white crystalline odorless solid that absorbs moisture from the air.
Sodium hydroxide is a manufactured substance.
When dissolved in water or neutralized with acid it liberates substantial heat, which may be sufficient to ignite combustible materials.

Sodium hydroxide is very corrosive.
Sodium hydroxide is generally used as a solid or a 50% solution.
Other common names include caustic soda and lye. Sodium hydroxide is used to manufacture soaps, rayon, paper, explosives, dyestuffs, and petroleum products.
Sodium hydroxide is also used in processing cotton fabric, laundering and bleaching, metal cleaning and processing, oxide coating, electroplating, and electrolytic extracting. Sodium hydroxide is commonly present in commercial drain and oven cleaners.

Sodium hydroxide is also known as lye or soda , or caustic soda.
At room temperature, sodium hydroxide is a white crystalline odorless solid that absorbs moisture from the air.
Sodium hydroxide is a synthetically manufactured substance.

When dissolved in water or neutralized with acid it releases substantial amounts of heat, which may prove sufficient to ignite combustible materials. Sodium hydroxide is highly corrosive.
Sodium hydroxide is generally used as a solid or a diluted in a 50% solution.
This chemical is used to manufacture soaps, rayon, paper, explosives, dyestuffs, and petroleum products.

Sodium hydroxide is also used in processing cotton fabric, laundering and bleaching, metal cleaning and processing, oxide coating, electroplating, and electrolytic extracting.
Sodium hydroxide is commonly found in commercial drain/ oven cleaners.

According to the the FDA, sodium hydroxide is considered a direct food recognized as safe, where it serves as a pH control agent and follows good manufacturing guidelines.
Interestingly, sodium hydroxide has been studied for its use in the treatment of prion disease (as occurs in mad cow disease and kuru). The use of this compound has been shown to effectively reduce prion levels in an in vitro inactivation assay.

Sodium hydroxide solution appears as a colorless liquid.
More dense than water.
Contact may severely irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.
Toxic by ingestion.
Corrosive to metals and tissue.

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), also known as caustic soda or lye, is a highly versatile substance used in a variety of manufacturing processes.
Sodium hydroxide is a co-product of chlorine production.

Sodium hydroxide is used to manufacture many everyday products, such as paper, aluminum, commercial drain and oven cleaners, and soap and detergents.

Sodium Hydroxide in Cleaning & Disinfectant Products
Sodium hydroxide is used to manufacture soaps and a variety of detergents used in homes and commercial applications.
Chlorine bleach is produced by combining chlorine and sodium hydroxide.
Drain cleaners that contain sodium hydroxide convert fats and grease that can clog pipes into soap, which dissolves in water.

Sodium Hydroxide in Pharmaceuticals & Medicine
Sodium hydroxide is used to help manufacture a variety of medicines and pharmaceutical products, from common pain relievers like aspirin, to anticoagulants that can help to prevent blood clots, to cholesterol-reducing medications.

Sodium Hydroxide in Energy
In the energy sector, sodium hydroxide is used in fuel cell production.
Fuel cells work like batteries to cleanly and efficiently produce electricity for a range of applications, including transportation; materials handling; and stationary, portable and emergency backup power applications.
Epoxy resins, manufactured with sodium hydroxide, are used in wind turbines.

Sodium Hydroxide in Water Treatment
Municipal water treatment facilities use sodium hydroxide to control water acidity and to help remove heavy metals from water.
Sodium hydroxide is also used to produce sodium hypochlorite, a water disinfectant.

Sodium Hydroxide in Food Production
Sodium hydroxide is used in several food processing applications, such as curing foods like olives or helping to brown Bavarian-style pretzels, giving them their characteristic crunch.
Sodium hydroxide is used to remove skins from tomatoes, potatoes and other fruits and vegetables for canning and also as an ingredient in food preservatives that help prevent mold and bacteria from growing in food.

Sodium Hydroxide in Wood & Paper Products
In many paper making processes, wood is treated with a solution containing sodium sulfide and sodium hydroxide.
This helps dissolve most of the unwanted material in the wood, leaving relatively pure cellulose, which forms the basis of paper.
In the paper recycling process, sodium hydroxide is used to separate the ink from the paper fibers allowing the paper fibers to be reused again.

Sodium hydroxide is also used to refine raw materials for wood products such as cabinets and furniture and in wood bleaching and cleaning.

Sodium Hydroxide in Aluminum Ore Processing
Sodium hydroxide is used to extract alumina from naturally occurring minerals.
Alumina is used to make aluminum and a variety of products including foil, cans, kitchen utensils, beer kegs and airplane parts.
In building and construction, aluminum is used in materials that enable building facades and window frames.

Sodium Hydroxide in Other Industrial Manufacturing Uses
Sodium hydroxide is used in many other industrial and manufacturing processes.
Sodium hydroxide is used to manufacture rayon, spandex, explosives, epoxy resins, paints, glass and ceramics.
Sodium hydroxide is also used in the textile industry to make dyes, process cotton fabric and in laundering and bleaching, as well as in metal cleaning and processing, oxide coating, electroplating and electrolytic extracting.

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) has no smell. Sodium hydroxide is made of solid white crystals that absorb water from the air. Sodium hydroxide is caustic. Workers who come in contact with sodium hydroxide can be harmed.
The level of harm depends upon the amount, duration, and activity. Sodium hydroxide can burn the eyes, skin, and inner membranes, and cause temporary hair loss.

Sodium hydroxide is used to produce soaps, rayon, paper, products that explode, dyes, and petroleum products.
Sodium hydroxide can also be used in tasks such as processing cotton fabric, metal cleaning and processing, oxide coating, electroplating, and electrolytic extraction.
Sodium hydroxide is often found in commercial drain and oven cleaners.

Some examples of workers who are at risk of being exposed to sodium hydroxide include those who
Use bleach, oven cleaners, and drain cleaners,
Work in food processing plants,
Work in public water treatment plants,
Use sodium hydroxide for making paper, glass, detergents, soaps, and other products,
Mine alumina and produce aluminum.

If you work in an industry that uses sodium hydroxide, please read the chemical label and the Safety Data Sheet for information on how it can harm you and how to protect yourself.
Visit NIOSH’s page on Managing Chemical Safety in the Workplace to learn more about preventing contact with chemicals in the workplace.

The following resources provide information about workplace exposure to sodium hydroxide. Useful search terms for sodium hydroxide include “lye”, “caustic soda”, “soda lye”, and “sodium hydrate”.

Sodium hydroxide is sometimes called caustic soda or lye.
Sodium hydroxide is a common ingrediet in cleaners and soaps.

At room temperature, sodium hydroxide is a white, odorless solid.
Liquid sodium hydroxide is colorless and has no odor.
Sodium hydroxide can react violently with strong acids and with water.

Sodium hydroxide is corrosive.
NaOH can react with moisture from the air and may generate heat as it dissolves.
This heat can be enough to cause a fire if it is near flammable materials.

Sodium hydroxide is useful for its ability to alter fats.
Sodium hydroxide is used to make soap and as a main ingredient in household products such as liquid drain cleaners.
Sodium hydroxide is usually sold in pure form as white pellets or as a solution in water.

Uses of Sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide is used in bar soaps and detergents.
Sodium Hydroxide is also used as a drain cleaner to unclog pipes.

Around 56% of sodium hydroxide produced is used by industry, with 25% of NaOH used in the paper industry.
Some other uses include fuel cell production, to cure food, to remove skin from vegetables for canning, bleach, drain cleaner, oven cleaner, soaps, detergent, paper making, paper recycling, aluminum ore processing, oxide coating, processing cotton fabric, pickling, pain relievers, anticoagulants to prevent blood clots, cholesterol reducing medications, and water treatment.

Pure sodium hydroxide is a solid at room temperature and is generated from sodium chloride (common salt) by electrolysis.
Sodium hydroxide is a hydrophilic alkaline substance (high pH) and therefore it is corrosive and hazardous to human health.
It is most commonly found as a liquid, which has a concentration of between 20% and 50 % sodium hydroxide in water and is usually referred to as caustic soda liquor.
The substance is used in large amounts in a variety of industries.

Sodium hydroxide has many different functions and uses.
For example, within industry it can be used to adjust the pH, to produce biodiesel from vegetable oils, to clean food processing equipment and bottles, to de-ink water (pulp and paper industry), to dry air, to absorb CO2 from gases, to extract alumina (aluminium industry), to remove grease and paint from metal, to mercerize cotton (textile industry), to peel leather, to peel
vegetables, to make pretzels, to manufacture chemicals (intermediate use), to regenerate resins or to soften water.
Consumer uses include paint stripping or drain cleaning.

Pure sodium hydroxide is a solid at room temperature, though it is often sold as a liquid (aqueous solution).
The appearance of the substance and some physicochemical properties are mentioned in the table below.

Sodium hydroxide is a strong alkaline substance that dissociates completely in water into the sodium ion (Na+) and hydroxide ion (OH-).
The dissolution/dissociation in water is strongly exothermic (releases heat), so a vigorous reaction occurs when sodium hydroxide is added to water.
The vapour pressure of the substance is very low and the melting point is high.

Sodium hydroxide solutions attack aluminium and its alloys, giving off hydrogen gas.
It can be neutralised with acids (e.g. hydrochloric acid) giving the sodium salts of the acids, which are usually pH neutral and noncorrosive.

Sodium hydroxide (Na OH), also known as lye or caustic soda, is a caustic metallic base.
An alkali, caustic soda is widely used in many industries, mostly as a strong chemical base in the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles, drinking water, and detergents.

Worldwide production in 1998 was around 45 million tonnes.
Sodium hydroxide is also the most common base used in chemical laboratories, being able to test for quite a number of cations (this is called Qualitative Inorganic Analysis), as well as to provide alkaline mediums for some reactions that need it, such as the Biuret test.

Sodium hydroxide, the strongest alkali we are likely to come across in everyday use.
This powerful base is a simple ionic compound of sodium with a hydroxide ion - a negatively charged combination of single oxygen and hydrogen atoms.
Sodium hydroxide is extremely corrosive and needs to be handled with care.

This compound was used long before it was identified, with recipes for the manufacture of a weak solution (by percolating vegetable ashes with water) going back to the ancient Egyptians and the Babylonians.
There is a mix of lye produced this way and olive oil, used to produce a common product, described on a clay tablet that is around 4800 years old.

At the time, of course, no one had a clue what they were using. A clear identification of the nature of the substance had to wait for Humphrey Davy's discovery of the element sodium, which he produced by electrolysing molten sodium hydroxide in 1807.

Sodium hydroxide itself is a white solid at room temperature, with a waxy consistency.
It is usually produced as pellets or flakes and needs to be stored in airtight containers as it is hygroscopic - it takes in water from the air to dissolve into a mess in the bottom of the jar.
When dissolved intentionally in water it does so very easily, giving off a fair amount of heat.

The existence of the common names for this compound is a first clue that this is a substance with a wide range of uses.
In the home, sodium hydroxide is often used to unblock drains because of its interaction with fats, likely to cause the blockage, by converting them into a soluble material.
The same process is used in industrial cleaning, where a hot sodium hydroxide solution is used to degrease machinery and storage tanks.

We'll come back to the material made from fats by sodium hydroxide because it is the basis of the industrial process that made caustic soda an essential ingredient.
There certainly needs to be some industrial use of the substance, as blocked drains can hardly account for the 50 to 60 million tonnes of the compound the world consumes every year.
Most sodium hydroxide is produced by electrolysing sodium chloride solution, giving off chlorine and hydrogen and leaving sodium hydroxide in solution.

Back with those Ancient Egyptians and Babylonians we see the first significant use of sodium hydroxide.
They discovered, presumably accidentally when trying to wash away ash, that water that had run through vegetable ashes took on a specific property.

It changed oil or fat into something different, something that would become known as soap.
The process was remarkable in itself, because it took a substance that wouldn't dissolve in water and made it soluble - but more so with the (presumably again accidental) discovery that this new product helped get things clean.

At the chemical level, in its simplest form without all the smells and subtleties, a soap is a salt of a fatty acid.
Oils and fats contain mixtures of fatty acids, bonded together with the molecule glycerol to form a triglyceride.
The sodium hydroxide breaks up the triglyceride and converts the acids into sodium salts, producing the likes of sodium tallowate and sodium palmitate.

These salts act as surfactants, substances that reduce the surface tension in liquids.
They form tiny balls around particles of grease, stopping the grease from being hydrophobic and allowing it to dissolve and be carried away by water.

Modern soap making processes, though still based on a combination of a strong alkali like sodium hydroxide and oils or fats, are unlikely to stick with a straight sodium hydroxide and fat mix, as the soap produced is quite harsh.
Any sodium hydroxide left over can have a catastrophic effect, as it dissolves oils and fats in skin and flesh and leaves deep burns.
At the extreme, sodium hydroxide will dissolve flesh entirely, and has been used to dispose of road kill (and murder victims).
Practically all the early soaps (often called 'lye soap') were rough and left the skin red.

Rather unnervingly, the destructive capability of sodium hydroxide is now used in various industrial food processes, from removing fruit skin to producing ice-cream.
You are also likely to find sodium hydroxide at work in paper mills.

When paper is made from wood pulp, it starts with a mix of the substances lignin and cellulose, bonded together.
The sodium hydroxide breaks down the bonds, allowing the separation of the cellulose that will be used to form the paper.
It can also be used to bleach the wood pulp to produce a white result.

If we look back into the origins of the word 'lye' the oldest name for sodium hydroxide, it comes from an old English word meaning 'wash stuff', and 'lye' was used as a term for strong soap from the 13th century onwards.
It's a rare example of putting a lye to good use.

Synonyms:
1310-73-2
Caustic soda
Sodium hydrate
Soda lye
White caustic
Aetznatron
Ascarite
Sodium hydroxide solution
Soda, caustic
Natriumhydroxid
Sodium hydroxide (Na(OH))
Rohrputz
Plung
Collo-Grillrein
Liquid-plumr
Caustic soda solution
Collo-Tapetta
Fuers Rohr
Rohrreiniger Rofix
NaOH
Hydroxyde de sodium
Natriumhydroxyde
Sodium hydroxide dimer
White caustic solution
sodium;hydroxide
Sodium hydrate solution
Sodio(idrossido di)
Sodium(hydroxyde de)
Sodium hydroxide (Na2(OH)2)
Sodium hydroxide, pellets
MFCD00003548
UNII-55X04QC32I
Sodium hydroxide, flake
Sodium hydroxide, pearl
Sodium hydroxide, solid
LYE
CHEBI:32145
Sodium Hydroxide, 0.1M solution
55X04QC32I
Soda, hydrate
Natrium causticum
Soda, kaustische
Na (O H)
Buffer Solution, pH 8.00
Lewis-red devil lye
Caustic soda, liquid
Caswell No. 773
sodiumhydroxide
Natrium-hydroxid, reinstes
UN 1823 (solid)
UN 1824 (solution)
HSDB 229
Sodium hydroxide [NF]
EINECS 215-185-5
UN1823
UN1824
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 075603
NSC 135799
sodiumhydroxid
hydroxyl sodium
sodium hydoxide
sodium hydroxid
sodium hyroxide
soude caustique
hydroxide sodium
Lye solution
Sodium hidroxide
Sodium hydroxyde
Sodium-hydroxide
Natrii hydroxidum
Caustic soda, dry
Caustic Soda Flake
Caustic soda, Lye
Caustic soda, bead
Caustic soda, flake
Caustic soda, solid
Caustic soda 50%
Sodium hydroxide, dry
Sodium hydroxide beads
Caustic soda, granular
Sodium hydroxide liquid
Sodium hydroxide, bead
Sodium hydroxide 50%
Sodium hydroxide (TN)
Sodium hydroxide (flake)
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Sodium hydroxide (liquid)
Sodium hydroxide, granular
Sodium hydroxide, solution
WLN: NA Q
EC 215-185-5
Sodium hydroxide, anhydrous
1N Sodium hydroxide solution
Sodium hydroxide pellets, EP
Sodium hydroxide, micropearls
Sodium hydroxide (JP17/NF)
Sodium hydroxide solution 25%
CHEMBL2105794
DTXSID0029634
Sodium Hydroxide 1N Concentrate
Sodium hydroxide, 40% solution
Sodium hydroxide, 50% solution
Sodium hydroxide pellets USP-NF
Sodium Hydroxide 10N Concentrate
Sodium Hydroxide Solution, 2.5N
Sodium Hydroxide, 1.0M solution
Sodium Hydroxide, 2.0M solution
BCP26108
NSC135799
Sodium hydroxide 4N aqueous solution
Sodium hydroxide pellets ACS reagent
AKOS015913904
AKOS015951419
Sodium Hydroxide Pellets Reagent Grade
DB11151
NSC-135799
Sodium hydroxide, 10N aqueous solution
E-33
Sodium hydroxide pellets Biochemical Grade
Sodium hydroxide, 5% w/v aqueous solution
FT-0645105
FT-0689261
S0543
SODIUM HYDROXIDE BEADS RGT GRADE 1KG
Sodium hydroxide, 20% w/v aqueous solution
Sodium hydroxide, 25% w/v aqueous solution
Sodium hydroxide, 30% w/w aqueous solution
Sodium hydroxide, 40% w/v aqueous solution
Sodium hydroxide, 50% w/w aqueous solution
X4832
Sodium hydroxide, 0.1N Standardized Solution
Sodium hydroxide, 0.5N Standardized Solution
Sodium hydroxide, 1.0N Standardized Solution
Sodium hydroxide, 2.0N Standardized Solution
Sodium hydroxide, 5.0N Standardized Solution
Sodium hydroxide, ROTI?Volum, 1N (Ampoule)
D01169
Sodium hydroxide, 0.01N Standardized Solution
Sodium hydroxide, 0.05N Standardized Solution
Sodium hydroxide, 10.0N Standardized Solution
Sodium hydroxide, ROTI?Volum, 0.1N (Ampoule)
Sodium hydroxide, solid [UN1823] [Corrosive]
Q102769
J-005935
Sodium hydroxide, solution [UN1824] [Corrosive]
Sodium hydroxide, pellets, Trace Metals Grade 99.99
50 % Caustic soda
AQUAPEARL E-200
AQUAPEARL HPS
Aetznatron
Agent T007
Borol
CAS 1310-73-2
CAUSTIC SODA
Caustic Soda
Caustic Soda Diaphragm Grade 10%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 50%
Caustic Soda Membrane 6%, 18%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 48%, 50%
Caustic Soda NaOH
Caustic Soda Pearl
Caustic Soda Solution
Caustic soda
Caustic soda 20 % solution
Caustic soda 30 % solution
Caustic soda 50 % solution
Caustic soda liquor
Caustic soda lye
Caustic soda pearls
Caustic soda solution
Formosoda
Hydroxid sodný
Hydroxyde de sodium
IL-IT
IS-IT
Membrane 30% Caustic Soda
Membrane 50% Caustic Soda
NATRONLAUGE
NaOH
Natrium hydroxid
Natriumhydroxid
Natronlauge
Natronlauge 32% (PBG 10563296)
Natronlauge 50% (PRD 30222040)
Natronloog
Polyanionic Cellulose Polymer
SANFRESH DK-200VB
SANFRESH DK-300V
SANFRESH DK-500B
SANFRESH ST-555
SANWET EA-100
SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION
SODIUM HYDROXIDE, liquid
Soda lye
Soda, caustic
Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose
Sodium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide 50% Solution
Sodium hydrate
Sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide (8CI)
Sodium hydroxide (Na(OH)) (9CI)
Sodium hydroxide in aqueous solution
Sodium hydroxide liquid
Sodium hydroxide solutions
Soude caustique en paillette
Wodorotlenek sodu
caustic lye
caustic soda
caustic soda flakes
caustic soda solution
lye
lye solution
soda kaustyczna
soda lye
sodium hydrate solution
sodium hydroxide
sodium hydroxide liquid
soude caustique liquide 30-50%
ług sodowy 33%
ług sodowy 50%
50 % Caustic soda
50% sodium hydroxide solution
Agent T007
CAUSTIC SODA
caustic soda
Caustic Soda
Caustic soda
caustic soda
Caustic soda lye
Caustic soda, Soda caustic, Soda Lye
caustic soda/sodium hydroxide
sodium hydroxide
hydroxid sodný
hydroxid sodný (CZ)
Hydroxide, Sodium
hydroxyde de sodium , soude, caustic soda
idrossido di sodio
Natriumhydroxid
natriumhydroxide
Natronlauge
Nátrium-hidroxid
Reaction mass of 2,2'-iminodiethanol and potassium hydroxide and tetrapotassium pyrophosphate and dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid and Alcohols, C10-16, ethoxylated, sulfates, sodium salts and 68439-46-3
sodium hidroxyde
sodium hydeoxide
Sodium hydoxide
Sodium hydroxid
SODIUM HYDROXIDE
Sodium Hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide
sodium hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide
sodium hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic soda)
Sodium hydroxide (Na(OH))
Sodium hydroxide - Evonik Industries GmbH
sodium hydroxide caustic soda
Sodium hydroxide in aqueous solution
sodium hydroxide solution
sodium hydroxide, caustic soda
Sodium hydroxide.
sodium hydroxide/caustic soda
Sodium Hydroxide/caustic soda
sodium hydroxide; caustic soda
SODIUM HYDROXIDE; Caustic soda; Aetznatron ...
Sodium hydroxyde
sodium hydroxyde
Sodium hydroxyde
Sodium oxidanide
sodium oxidanide
sodium;hydroxide
UPV5
hidroxid de sodiu (ro)
hidróxido de sodio (es)
hidróxido de sódio (pt)
hydroxid sodný (cs)
hydroxid sodný (sk)
hydroxyde de sodiumsoude caustique (fr)
idrossido di sodio (it)
kaustik soda (sv)
kaustinė soda (lt)
kaustisk soda (no)
kaustiskā soda (lv)
kaustična soda (hr)
kaustučna soda (sl)
lúh sodný (sk)
marónátron (hu)
Naatriumhüdroksiid (et)
natrijev hidroksid (hr)
natrijev hidroksid (sl)
natrio hidroksidas (lt)
natriumhydroksid (no)
Natriumhydroksidi (fi)
natriumhydroxid (da)
Natriumhydroxid (de)
natriumhydroxid (sv)
natriumhydroxide (nl)
natronlut (no)
natronlut (sv)
nátrium-hidroxid (hu)
nātrija hidroksīds (lv)
soda caustica( hidroxid de sodiu) (ro)
wodorotlenek sodu (pl)
Ätznatron (de)
Καυστική σόδα (el)
υδροξείδιο του νάτριου (el)
натриев хидроксид (bg)
сода каустик (bg)
SODIUM HYDROXIDE
SYNONYMS Caustic soda; Sodium hydrate; soda lye; Lye;White Caustic CAS NO. 1310-73-2
SODIUM HYDROXIDE LIQUID
Sodium Hydroxide Liquid Sodium hydroxide liquid, also known as lye and caustic soda, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na+ and hydroxide anions OH−. Sodium hydroxide liquid is a highly caustic base and alkali that decomposes proteins at ordinary ambient temperatures and may cause severe chemical burns. It is highly soluble in water, and readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air. It forms a series of hydrates NaOH·nH2O. The monohydrate NaOH·H2O crystallizes from water solutions between 12.3 and 61.8 °C. The commercially available "Sodium hydroxide liquid" is often this monohydrate, and published data may refer to it instead of the anhydrous compound. As one of the simplest hydroxides, Sodium hydroxide liquid is frequently utilized alongside neutral water and acidic hydrochloric acid to demonstrate the pH scale to chemistry students. Sodium hydroxide liquid is used in many industries: in the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles, drinking water, soaps and detergents, and as a drain cleaner. Worldwide production in 2004 was approximately 60 million tonnes, while demand was 51 million tonnes. Properties of Sodium hydroxide liquid Chemical formula NaOH Molar mass 39.9971 g mol−1 Appearance White, waxy, opaque crystals Odor odorless Density 2.13 g/cm3 Melting point 323 °C (613 °F; 596 K) Boiling point 1,388 °C (2,530 °F; 1,661 K) Solubility in water 418 g/L (0 °C) 1000 g/L (25 °C) 3370 g/L (100 °C) Solubility soluble in glycerol negligible in ammonia insoluble in ether slowly soluble in propylene glycol Solubility in methanol 238 g/L Solubility in ethanol <<139 g/L Vapor pressure <2.4 kPa (at 20 °C) Basicity (pKb) 0.2 Magnetic susceptibility (χ) −15.8·10−6 cm3/mol (aq.) Refractive index (nD) 1.3576 Properties of Sodium hydroxide liquid Physical properties Sodium hydroxide liquid Pure Sodium hydroxide liquid is a colorless crystalline solid that melts at 318 °C (604 °F) without decomposition, and with a boiling point of 1,388 °C (2,530 °F). It is highly soluble in water, with a lower solubility in polar solvents such as ethanol and methanol. NaOH is insoluble in ether and other non-polar solvents. Similar to the hydration of sulfuric acid, dissolution of solid Sodium hydroxide liquid in water is a highly exothermic reaction where a large amount of heat is liberated, posing a threat to safety through the possibility of splashing. The resulting solution is usually colorless and odorless. As with other alkaline solutions, it feels slippery with skin contact due to the process of saponification that occurs between NaOH and natural skin oils. Viscosity of Sodium hydroxide liquid Concentrated (50%) aqueous solutions of Sodium hydroxide liquid have a characteristic viscosity, 78 mPa·s, that is much greater than that of water (1.0 mPa·s) and near that of olive oil (85 mPa·s) at room temperature. The viscosity of aqueous NaOH, as with any liquid chemical, is inversely related to its service temperature, i.e., its viscosity decreases as temperature increases, and vice versa. The viscosity of Sodium hydroxide liquid solutions plays a direct role in its application as well as its storage. Hydrates Sodium hydroxide liquid can form several hydrates NaOH·nH2O, which result in a complex solubility diagram that was described in detail by S. U. Pickering in 1893. The known hydrates and the approximate ranges of temperature and concentration (mass percent of NaOH) of their saturated water solutions are: Heptahydrate, NaOH·7H2O: from −28 °C (18.8%) to −24 °C (22.2%). Pentahydrate, NaOH·5H2O: from −24 °C (22.2%) to −17.7 (24.8%). Tetrahydrate, NaOH·4H2O, α form: from −17.7 (24.8%) to +5.4 °C (32.5%). Tetrahydrate, NaOH·4H2O, β form: metastable. Trihemihydrate, NaOH·3.5H2O: from +5.4 °C (32.5%) to +15.38 °C (38.8%) and then to +5.0 °C (45.7%). Trihydrate, NaOH·3H2O: metastable. Dihydrate, NaOH·2H2O: from +5.0 °C (45.7%) to +12.3 °C (51%). Monohydrate, NaOH·H2O: from +12.3 °C (51%) to 65.10 °C (69%) then to 62.63 °C (73.1%). Early reports refer to hydrates with n = 0.5 or n = 2/3, but later careful investigations failed to confirm their existence. The only hydrates with stable melting points are NaOH·H2O (65.10 °C) and NaOH·3.5H2O (15.38 °C). The other hydrates, except the metastable ones NaOH·3H2O and NaOH·4H2O (β) can be crystallized from solutions of the proper composition, as listed above. However, solutions of NaOH can be easily supercooled by many degrees, which allows the formation of hydrates (including the metastable ones) from solutions with different concentrations. For example, when a solution of Sodium hydroxide liquid and water with 1:2 mole ratio (52.6% Sodium hydroxide liquid by mass) is cooled, the monohydrate normally starts to crystallize (at about 22 °C) before the dihydrate. However, the solution can easily be supercooled down to −15 °C, at which point it may quickly crystallize as the dihydrate. When heated, the solid dihydrate might melt directly into a solution at 13.35 °C; however, once the temperature exceeds 12.58 °C. it often decomposes into solid monohydrate and a liquid solution. Even the n = 3.5 hydrate is difficult to crystallize, because the solution supercools so much that other hydrates become more stable. A hot water solution containing 73.1% (mass) of Sodium hydroxide liquid is an eutectic that solidifies at about 62.63 °C as an intimate mix of anhydrous and monohydrate crystals. A second stable eutectic composition is 45.4% (mass) of Sodium hydroxide liquid, that solidifies at about 4.9 °C into a mixture of crystals of the dihydrate and of the 3.5-hydrate. The third stable eutectic has 18.4% (mass) of Sodium hydroxide liquid. It solidifies at about −28.7 °C as a mixture of water ice and the heptahydrate Sodium hydroxide liquid·7H2O. When solutions with less than 18.4% Sodium hydroxide liquid are cooled, water ice crystallizes first, leaving the Sodium hydroxide liquid in solution. The α form of the tetrahydrate has density 1.33 g/cm3. It melts congruously at 7.55 °C into a liquid with 35.7% Sodium hydroxide liquid and density 1.392 g/cm3, and therefore floats on it like ice on water. However, at about 4.9 °C it may instead melt incongruously into a mixture of solid Sodium hydroxide liquid·3.5H2O and a liquid solution. The β form of the tetrahydrate is metastable, and often transforms spontaneously to the α form when cooled below −20 °C. Once initiated, the exothermic transformation is complete in a few minutes, with a 6.5% increase in volume of the solid. The β form can be crystallized from supercooled solutions at −26 °C, and melts partially at −1.83 °C. The "sodium hydroxide" of commerce is often the monohydrate (density 1.829 g/cm3). Physical data in technical literature may refer to this form, rather than the anhydrous compound. Crystal structure of Sodium hydroxide liquid Sodium hydroxide liquid and its monohydrate form orthorhombic crystals with the space groups Cmcm (oS8) and Pbca (oP24), respectively. The monohydrate cell dimensions are a = 1.1825, b = 0.6213, c = 0.6069 nm. The atoms are arranged in a hydrargillite-like layer structure /O Na OO NaO/... Each sodium atom is surrounded by six oxygen atoms, three each from hydroxyl anions HO− and three from water molecules. The hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyls form strong bonds with oxygen atoms within each O layer. Adjacent O layers are held together by hydrogen bonds between water molecules. Chemical properties of Sodium hydroxide liquid Reaction with acids of Sodium hydroxide liquid Sodium hydroxide liquid reacts with protic acids to produce water and the corresponding salts. For example, when Sodium hydroxide liquid reacts with hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride is formed: NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) +H2O(l) In general, such neutralization reactions are represented by one simple net ionic equation: OH−(aq) + H+(aq) → H2O(l) This type of reaction with a strong acid releases heat, and hence is exothermic. Such acid-base reactions can also be used for titrations. However, Sodium hydroxide liquid is not used as a primary standard because it is hygroscopic and absorbs carbon dioxide from air. Reaction with acidic oxides Sodium hydroxide liquid also reacts with acidic oxides, such as sulfur dioxide. Such reactions are often used to "scrub" harmful acidic gases (like SO2 and H2S) produced in the burning of coal and thus prevent their release into the atmosphere. For example, 2 NaOH + SO2 → Na2SO3 + H2O Reaction with metals and oxides Glass reacts slowly with aqueous Sodium hydroxide liquid solutions at ambient temperatures to form soluble silicates. Because of this, glass joints and stopcocks exposed to Sodium hydroxide liquid have a tendency to "freeze". Flasks and glass-lined chemical reactors are damaged by long exposure to hot Sodium hydroxide liquid, which also frosts the glass. Sodium hydroxide liquid does not attack iron at room temperatures, since iron does not have amphoteric properties (i.e., it only dissolves in acid, not base). Nevertheless, at high temperatures (e.g. above 500 °C), iron can react endothermically with Sodium hydroxide liquid to form iron(III) oxide, sodium metal, and hydrogen gas. This is due to the lower enthalpy of formation of iron(III) oxide (−824.2 kJ/mol compared to Sodium hydroxide liquid (-500 kJ/mol), thus the reaction is thermodynamically favorable, although its endothermic nature indicates non-spontaneity. Consider the following reaction between molten Sodium hydroxide liquid and finely divided iron filings: 4 Fe + 6 NaOH → 2 Fe2O3 + 6 Na + 3 H2 A few transition metals, however, may react vigorously with Sodium hydroxide liquid. In 1986, an aluminium road tanker in the UK was mistakenly used to transport 25% Sodium hydroxide liquid solution, causing pressurization of the contents and damage to the tanker. The pressurization was due to the hydrogen gas which is produced in the reaction between Sodium hydroxide liquid and aluminium: 2 Al + 2 NaOH + 6 H2O → 2 NaAl(OH)4 + 3 H2 Precipitant Unlike Sodium hydroxide liquid, which is soluble, the hydroxides of most transition metals are insoluble, and therefore Sodium hydroxide liquid can be used to precipitate transition metal hydroxides. The following colours are observed: Copper - blue Iron(II) - green Iron(III) - yellow / brown Zinc and lead salts dissolve in excess Sodium hydroxide liquid to give a clear solution of Na2ZnO2 or Na2PbO2. Aluminium hydroxide is used as a gelatinous flocculant to filter out particulate matter in water treatment. Aluminium hydroxide is prepared at the treatment plant from aluminium sulfate by reacting it with Sodium hydroxide liquid or bicarbonate. Al2(SO4)3 + 6 NaOH → 2 Al(OH)3 + 3 Na2SO4Al2(SO4)3 + 6 NaHCO3 → 2 Al(OH)3 + 3 Na2SO4 + 6 CO2 Saponification Sodium hydroxide liquid can be used for the base-driven hydrolysis of esters (as in saponification), amides and alkyl halides. However, the limited solubility of Sodium hydroxide liquid in organic solvents means that the more soluble potassium hydroxide (KOH) is often preferred. Touching Sodium hydroxide liquid solution with the bare hands, while not recommended, produces a slippery feeling. This happens because oils on the skin such as sebum are converted to soap. Despite solubility in propylene glycol it is unlikely to replace water in saponification due to propylene glycol primary reaction with fat before reaction between Sodium hydroxide liquid and fat. Production For historical information, see Alkali manufacture. Sodium hydroxide liquid is industrially produced as a 50% solution by variations of the electrolytic chloralkali process. Chlorine gas is also produced in this process. Solid Sodium hydroxide liquid is obtained from this solution by the evaporation of water. Solid Sodium hydroxide liquid is most commonly sold as flakes, prills, and cast blocks. In 2004, world production was estimated at 60 million dry tonnes of Sodium hydroxide liquid, and demand was estimated at 51 million tonnes. In 1998, total world production was around 45 million tonnes. North America and Asia each contributed around 14 million tonnes, while Europe produced around 10 million tonnes. In the United States, the major producer of Sodium hydroxide liquid is the Dow Chemical Company, which has annual production around 3.7 million tonnes from sites at Freeport, Texas, and Plaquemine, Louisiana. Other major US producers include Oxychem, Westlake, Olin, Shintek and Formosa. All of these companies use the chloralkali process. Historically, Sodium hydroxide liquid was produced by treating sodium carbonate with calcium hydroxide in a metathesis reaction which takes advantage of the fact that Sodium hydroxide liquid is soluble, while calcium carbonate is not. This process was called causticizing. Ca(OH)2(aq) + Na2CO3(s) → CaCO3(s) + 2 NaOH(aq) This process was superseded by the Solvay process in the late 19th century, which was in turn supplanted by the chloralkali process which we use today. Sodium hydroxide liquid is also produced by combining pure sodium metal with water. The byproducts are hydrogen gas and heat, often resulting in a flame. 2 Na + 2 H2O → 2 NaOH + H2 This reaction is commonly used for demonstrating the reactivity of alkali metals in academic environments; however, it is not commercially viable, as the isolation of sodium metal is typically performed by reduction or electrolysis of sodium compounds including Sodium hydroxide liquid. Uses Sodium hydroxide liquid is a popular strong base used in industry. Sodium hydroxide liquid is used in the manufacture of sodium salts and detergents, pH regulation, and organic synthesis. In bulk, it is most often handled as an aqueous solution, since solutions are cheaper and easier to handle. Sodium hydroxide liquid is used in many scenarios where it is desirable to increase the alkalinity of a mixture, or to neutralize acids. For example, in the petroleum industry, Sodium hydroxide liquid is used as an additive in drilling mud to increase alkalinity in bentonite mud systems, to increase the mud viscosity, and to neutralize any acid gas (such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide) which may be encountered in the geological formation as drilling progresses. Another use is in Salt spray testing where pH needs to be regulated. Sodium hydroxide liquid is used with hydrochloric acid to balance pH. The resultant salt, NaCl, is the corrosive agent used in the standard neutral pH salt spray test. Poor quality crude oil can be treated with Sodium hydroxide liquid to remove sulfurous impurities in a process known as caustic washing. As above, Sodium hydroxide liquid reacts with weak acids such as hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans to yield non-volatile sodium salts, which can be removed. The waste which is formed is toxic and difficult to deal with, and the process is banned in many countries because of this. In 2006, Trafigura used the process and then dumped the waste in Ivory Coast. Other common uses of Sodium hydroxide liquid include: It is used for making soaps and detergents. Sodium hydroxide liquid is used for hard bar soap while potassium hydroxide is used for liquid soaps.Sodium hydroxide liquid is used more often than potassium hydroxide because it is cheaper and a smaller quantity is needed. It is used as drain cleaners that contain Sodium hydroxide liquid convert fats and grease that can clog pipes into soap, which dissolves in water. (see cleaning agent) It is used for making artificial textile fibres (such as Rayon). It is used in the manufacture of paper. Around 56% of Sodium hydroxide liquid produced is used by industry, 25% of which is used in the paper industry. (see chemical pulping) It is used in purifying bauxite ore from which aluminium metal is extracted. This is known as Bayer process. (see dissolving amphoteric metals and compounds) It is used in de-greasing metals, oil refining, and making dyes and bleaches. Chemical pulping Sodium hydroxide liquid is also widely used in pulping of wood for making paper or regenerated fibers. Along with sodium sulfide, Sodium hydroxide liquid is a key component of the white liquor solution used to separate lignin from cellulose fibers in the kraft process. It also plays a key role in several later stages of the process of bleaching the brown pulp resulting from the pulping process. These stages include oxygen delignification, oxidative extraction, and simple extraction, all of which require a strong alkaline environment with a pH > 10.5 at the end of the stages. Tissue digestion In a similar fashion, Sodium hydroxide liquid is used to digest tissues, as in a process that was used with farm animals at one time. This process involved placing a carcass into a sealed chamber, then adding a mixture of Sodium hydroxide liquid and water (which breaks the chemical bonds that keep the flesh intact). This eventually turns the body into a liquid with coffee-like appearance, and the only solid that remains are bone hulls, which could be crushed between one's fingertips. Sodium hydroxide liquid is frequently used in the process of decomposing roadkill dumped in landfills by animal disposal contractors. Due to its availability and low cost, it has been used by criminals to dispose of corpses. Italian serial killer Leonarda Cianciulli used this chemical to turn dead bodies into soap. In Mexico, a man who worked for drug cartels admitted disposing of over 300 bodies with it. Sodium hydroxide liquid is a dangerous chemical due to its ability to hydrolyze protein. If a dilute solution is spilled on the skin, burns may result if the area is not washed thoroughly and for several minutes with running water. Splashes in the eye can be more serious and can lead to blindness. Dissolving amphoteric metals and compounds Strong bases attack aluminium. Sodium hydroxide liquid reacts with aluminium and water to release hydrogen gas. The aluminium takes the oxygen atom from Sodium hydroxide liquid, which in turn takes the oxygen atom from the water, and releases the two hydrogen atoms, The reaction thus produces hydrogen gas and sodium aluminate. In this reaction, Sodium hydroxide liquid acts as an agent to make the solution alkaline, which aluminium can dissolve in. 2 Al + 2 NaOH + 2 H2O → 2 NaAlO2 + 3H2 Sodium aluminate is an inorganic chemical that is used as an effective source of aluminium hydroxide for many industrial and technical applications. Pure sodium aluminate (anhydrous) is a white crystalline solid having a formula variously given as NaAlO2, NaAl(OH)4< (hydrated), Na2O.Al2O3, or Na2Al2O4. Formation of sodium tetrahydroxoaluminate(III) or hydrated sodium aluminate is given by: 2Al + 2NaOH + 6H2O → 2 NaAl(OH)4 + 3 H2 This reaction can be useful in etching, removing anodizing, or converting a polished surface to a satin-like finish, but without further passivation such as anodizing or alodining the surface may become degraded, either under normal use or in severe atmospheric conditions. In the Bayer process, Sodium hydroxide liquid is used in the refining of alumina containing ores (bauxite) to produce alumina (aluminium oxide) which is the raw material used to produce aluminium metal via the electrolytic Hall-Héroult process. Since the alumina is amphoteric, it dissolves in the Sodium hydroxide liquid, leaving impurities less soluble at high pH such as iron oxides behind in the form of a highly alkaline red mud. Other amphoteric metals are zinc and lead which dissolve in concentrated Sodium hydroxide liquid solutions to give sodium zincate and sodium plumbate respectively. Esterification and transesterification reagent Sodium hydroxide liquid is traditionally used in soap making (cold process soap, saponification). It was made in the nineteenth century for a hard surface rather than liquid product because it was easier to store and transport. For the manufacture of biodiesel, Sodium hydroxide liquid is used as a catalyst for the transesterification of methanol and triglycerides. This only works with anhydrous Sodium hydroxide liquid, because combined with water the fat would turn into soap, which would be tainted with methanol. NaOH is used more often than potassium hydroxide because it is cheaper and a smaller quantity is needed. Due to production costs, NaOH, which is produced using common salt is cheaper than potassium hydroxide. Food preparation Food uses of Sodium hydroxide liquid include washing or chemical peeling of fruits and vegetables, chocolate and cocoa processing, caramel coloring production, poultry scalding, soft drink processing, and thickening ice cream. Olives are often soaked in Sodium hydroxide liquid for softening; Pretzels and German lye rolls are glazed with a Sodium hydroxide liquid solution before baking to make them crisp. Owing to the difficulty in obtaining food grade Sodium hydroxide liquid in small quantities for home use, sodium carbonate is often used in place of Sodium hydroxide liquid. It is known as E number E524. Specific foods processed with Sodium hydroxide liquid include: German pretzels are poached in a boiling sodium carbonate solution or cold Sodium hydroxide liquid solution before baking, which contributes to their unique crust. Lye-water is an essential ingredient in the crust of the traditional baked Chinese moon cakes. Most yellow coloured Chinese noodles are made with lye-water but are commonly mistaken for containing egg. One variety of zongzi uses lye water to impart a sweet flavor. Sodium hydroxide liquid is also the chemical that causes gelling of egg whites in the production of Century eggs. Some methods of preparing olives involve subjecting them to a lye-based brine. The Filipino dessert (kakanin) called kutsinta uses a small quantity of lye water to help give the rice flour batter a jelly like consistency. A similar process is also used in the kakanin known as pitsi-pitsi or pichi-pichi except that the mixture uses grated cassava instead of rice flour. The Norwegian dish known as lutefisk (from lutfisk, "lye fish"). Bagels are often boiled in a lye solution before baking, contributing to their shiny crust. Hominy is dried maize (corn) kernels reconstituted by soaking in lye-water. These expand considerably in size and may be further processed by frying to make corn nuts or by drying and grinding to make grits. Hominy is used to create Masa, a popular flour used in Mexican cuisine to make Corn tortillas and tamales. Nixtamal is similar, but uses calcium hydroxide instead of Sodium hydroxide liquid. Cleaning agent Sodium hydroxide liquid is frequently used as an industrial cleaning agent where it is often called "caustic". It is added to water, heated, and then used to clean process equipment, storage tanks, etc. It can dissolve grease, oils, fats and protein-based deposits. It is also used for cleaning waste discharge pipes under sinks and drains in domestic properties. Surfactants can be added to the Sodium hydroxide liquid solution in order to stabilize dissolved substances and thus prevent redeposition. A Sodium hydroxide liquid soak solution is used as a powerful degreaser on stainless steel and glass bakeware. It is also a common ingredient in oven cleaners. A common use of Sodium hydroxide liquid is in the production of parts washer detergents. Parts washer detergents based on Sodium hydroxide liquid are some of the most aggressive parts washer cleaning chemicals. The Sodium hydroxide liquid-based detergents include surfactants, rust inhibitors and defoamers. A parts washer heats water and the detergent in a closed cabinet and then sprays the heated Sodium hydroxide liquid and hot water at pressure against dirty parts for degreasing applications. Sodium hydroxide liquid used in this manner replaced many solvent-based systems in the early 1990s when trichloroethane was outlawed by the Montreal Protocol. Water and Sodium hydroxide liquid detergent-based parts washers are considered to be an environmental improvement over the solvent-based cleaning methods. Hardware stores grade Sodium hydroxide liquid to be used as a type of drain cleaner. Paint stripping with caustic soda Sodium hydroxide liquid is used in the home as a type of drain opener to unblock clogged drains, usually in the form of a dry crystal or as a thick liquid gel. The alkali dissolves greases to produce water soluble products. It also hydrolyzes the proteins such as those found in hair which may block water pipes. These reactions are sped by the heat generated when Sodium hydroxide liquid and the other chemical components of the cleaner dissolve in water. Such alkaline drain cleaners and their acidic versions are highly corrosive and should be handled with great caution. Sodium hydroxide liquid is used in some relaxers to straighten hair. However, because of the high incidence and intensity of chemical burns, manufacturers of chemical relaxers use other alkaline chemicals in preparations available to average consumers. Sodium hydroxide liquid relaxers are still available, but they are used mostly by professionals. A solution of Sodium hydroxide liquid in water was traditionally used as the most common paint stripper on wooden objects. Its use has become less common, because it can damage the wood surface, raising the grain and staining the colour. Water treatment of Sodium hydroxide liquid Sodium hydroxide liquid is sometimes used during water purification to raise the pH of water supplies. Increased pH makes the water less corrosive to plumbing and reduces the amount of lead, copper and other toxic metals that can dissolve into drinking water. Historical uses of Sodium hydroxide liquid Sodium hydroxide liquid has been used for detection of carbon monoxide poisoning, with blood samples of such patients turning to a vermilion color upon the addition of a few drops of Sodium hydroxide liquid. Today, carbon monoxide poisoning can be detected by CO oximetry. In cement mixes, mortars, concrete, grouts Sodium hydroxide liquid is used in some cement mix plasticisers. This helps homogenise cement mixes, preventing segregation of sands and cement, decreases the amount of water required in a mix and increases workability of the cement product, be it mortar, render or concrete. Summer-winter heat storage EMPA researchers are experimenting with concentrated Sodium hydroxide liquid (NaOH) as the thermal storage or seasonal reservoir medium for domestic space-heating. If water is added to solid or concentrated Sodium hydroxide liquid (NaOH), heat is released. The dilution is exothermic – chemical energy is released in the form of heat. Conversely, by applying heat energy into a dilute Sodium hydroxide liquid solution the water will evaporate so that the solution becomes more concentrated and thus stores the supplied heat as latent chemical energy. Neutron Moderator Seaborg is working on a reactor design in which NaOH is used as a neutron moderator. Safety of Sodium hydroxide liquid Like other corrosive acids and alkalis, drops of Sodium hydroxide liquid solutions can readily decompose proteins and lipids in living tissues via amide hydrolysis and ester hydrolysis, which consequently cause chemical burns and may induce permanent blindness upon contact with eyes. Solid alkali can also express its corrosive nature if there is water, such as water vapor. Thus, protective equipment, like rubber gloves, safety clothing and eye protection, should always be used when handling this chemical or its solutions. The standard first aid measures for alkali spills on the skin is, as for other corrosives, irrigation with large quantities of water. Washing is continued for at least ten to fifteen minutes. Moreover, dissolution of Sodium hydroxide liquid is highly exothermic, and the resulting heat may cause heat burns or ignite flammables. It also produces heat when reacted with acids. Sodium hydroxide liquid is also mildly corrosive to glass, which can cause damage to glazing or cause ground glass joints to bind. Sodium hydroxide liquid is corrosive to several metals, like aluminium which reacts with the alkali to produce flammable hydrogen gas on contact: 2 Al + 6 NaOH → 3 H2 + 2 Na3AlO3 2 Al + 2 NaOH + 2 H2O → 3 H2 + 2 NaAlO2 2 Al + 2 NaOH + 6 H2O → 3 H2 + 2 NaAl(OH)4 Storage Careful storage is needed when handling Sodium hydroxide liquid for use, especially bulk volumes. Following proper NaOH storage guidelines and maintaining worker/environment safety is always recommended given the chemical's burn hazard. Sodium hydroxide liquid is often stored in bottles for small-scale laboratory use, within intermediate bulk containers (medium volume containers) for cargo handling and transport, or within large stationary storage tanks with volumes up to 100,000 gallons for manufacturing or waste water plants with extensive NaOH use. Common materials that are compatible with Sodium hydroxide liquid and often utilized for NaOH storage include: polyethylene (HDPE, usual, XLPE, less common), carbon steel, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), stainless steel, and fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP, with a resistant liner). Sodium hydroxide liquid must be stored in airtight containers to preserve its normality as it will absorb water from the atmosphere. History of Sodium hydroxide liquid Sodium hydroxide liquid was first prepared by soap makers. A procedure for making Sodium hydroxide liquid appeared as part of a recipe for making soap in an Arab book of the late 13th century: Al-mukhtara` fi funun min al-suna` (Inventions from the Various Industrial Arts), which was compiled by al-Muzaffar Yusuf ibn `Umar ibn `Ali ibn Rasul (d. 1295), a king of Yemen. The recipe called for passing water repeatedly through a mixture of alkali (Arabic: al-qily, where qily is ash from saltwort plants, which are rich in sodium ; hence alkali was impure sodium carbonate) and quicklime (calcium oxide, CaO), whereby a solution of Sodium hydroxide liquid was obtained. European soap makers also followed this recipe. When in 1791 the French chemist and surgeon Nicolas Leblanc (1742–1806) patented a process for mass-producing sodium carbonate, natural "soda ash" (impure sodium carbonate that was obtained from the ashes of plants that are rich in sodium) was replaced by this artificial version. However, by the 20th century, the electrolysis of sodium chloride had become the primary method for producing Sodium hydroxide liquid. Sodium hydroxide liquid solution appears as a colorless liquid. More dense than water. Contact may severely irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Toxic by ingestion. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Caustic soda reacts with all the mineral acids to form the corresponding salts. It also reacts with weak-acid gases, such as hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon dioxide. Caustic soda reacts with amphoteric metals (Al, Zn, Sn) and their oxides to form complex anions such as AlO2(-), ZnO2(-2), SNO2(-2), and H2 (or H2O with oxides). All organic acids also react with sodium hydroxide liquid to form soluble salts. Another common reaction of caustic soda is dehydrochlorination. Because of its high-level alkalinity, sodium hydroxide in aqueous solution directly causes bond breakage in proteins (especially disulfide bridges). Hair and fingernails are found to be dissolved after 20 hours of direct contact with sodium hydroxide at pH values higher than 9.2. Sodium hydroxide has depilatory effects which have been described after accidental contact with solutions in the workplace. The breakage of bonds in proteins may lead to severe necrosis to the application site. The level of corrosion depends on the period of contact with the tissue, and on the concentration of sodium hydroxide. Liquid or solid sodium hydroxide is a severe skin irritant. It causes second and third degree burns on short contact and is very injurious to the eyes. The organic chemical industry uses Sodium hydroxide liquid for saponification reactions, production of nucleophilic anionic intermediates, etherification and esterification, basic catalysis, and the production of free organic bases. Sodium hydroxide liquid solution is used for scrubbingwaste gases and neutralizing wastewater. In inorganic chemistry, Sodium hydroxide liquid is used in the manufacture of sodium salts, for alkaline ore digestion, and for pH regulation.
SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANE SULFONATE
SYNONYMS Sodium chloride oxide; Sodium oxychloride; Hypochlorite sodium; Bleach Liquor; active chlorine; Hychlorite; Hipofosfito De Sodio; Hypochlorous acid sodium salt; CAS NO. 7681-52-9
SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE

DESCRIPTION:

Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate is a chemical compound with the molecular formula Na+HOCH2SO2−.
Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate has many additional names, including Rongalit, sodium hydroxymethylsulfinate, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, and Bruggolite.
Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate is listed in the European Cosmetics Directive as sodium oxymethylene sulfoxylate (INCI).



CAS: 149-44-0
European Community (EC) Number: 205-739-4
Molecular Formula:CH3NaO3S
IUPAC Name: sodium;hydroxymethanesulfinate

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE:

Molecular Weight 118.09
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 4
Rotatable Bond Count 1
Exact Mass 117.97005941
Monoisotopic Mass 117.97005941
Topological Polar Surface Area 79.6 Ų
Heavy Atom Count 6
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 46.1
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 2
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Appearance :Powder
Physical State :Solid
Solubility :Soluble in water: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless
Storage :Store at room temperature
Melting Point :120° C (dec.)
Density :1.74 g/cm3 at 21° C

Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate is water-soluble and generally sold as the dihydrate.
Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate and its derivatives are widely used in the dye industry.
The structure of Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate has been confirmed by X-ray crystallography.

SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE:
Although available commercially, the salt can be prepared from sodium dithionite and formaldehyde:
Na2S2O4 + 2 CH2O + H2O → HO-CH2-SO3Na + HO-CH2-SO2Na
This reaction proceeds quantitatively, such that dithionite can be determined by its conversion to Rongalite, which is far less O2-sensitive and thus easier to handle.

The hydroxymethanesulfinate ion is unstable in solution towards decomposition to formaldehyde and sulfite.
Addition of at least one equivalent of formaldehyde pushes the equilibrium towards the side of the adduct and reacts further to give the bis-(hydroxymethyl)sulfone.
Such solutions are shelf-stable indefinitely.

Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate was originally developed in the early 20th century for the textile industry as a shelf-stable source of sulfoxylate ion, where the latter can be generated at will.
In use, when sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate is made acidic, the reducing sulfoxylate ion and formaldehyde are released in equimolar amounts.
For safety reasons the generation of formaldehyde must be taken into consideration when used industrially.

NaHOCH2SO2 can essentially be considered to be a source of SO22−.
As such it is used both as a reducing agent and as a reagent to introduce SO2 groups into organic molecules.
Treatment of elemental Se and Te with NaHOCH2SO2 gives solutions containing the corresponding Na2Sex and Na2Tex, where x is approximately 2.
As a nucleophile, NaHOCH2SO2 reacts with alkylating agents to give sulfones.

HO-CH2-SO2Na + 2 C6H5CH2Br → [C6H5CH2]2SO2 + NaBr + CH2O + HBr
Occasionally, alkylation will occur also at oxygen, thus xylylene dibromide gives both the sulfone and the isomeric sulfinate ester.



USES OF SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE:
SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE is Used as a stripping and discharge agent for textiles, bleaching agent for molasses and soap, and reducing agent
SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE is Also used in vat color printing pastes, to polymerize ethylenic compounds, and to make arsphenamines
SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE is an indirect food additive when used in adhesives
SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE is Used to treat mercury poisoning

The original use of SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE was as industrial bleaching agent and as a reducing agent for vat dyeing.
Another large-scale use is as a reducing agent in redox-initiator systems for emulsion polymerization.
One of the typical redox pair examples is t-butyl peroxide.

A niche use is its use as water conditioner for aquaria as it rapidly reduces chlorine and chloramine and reacts with ammonia to form the innocuous aminomethylsulfinate ion.
SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE is also used as an antioxidant in pharmaceutical formulation.

SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE has been used increasingly in commercial cosmetic hair dye colour removers despite the generation of formaldehyde, a known human carcinogen.
SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE has a variety of specialized applications in organic synthesis


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

SYNONYMS OF SODIUM HYDROXYMETHANESULFINATE:

MeSH Entry Terms:
formaldehydesulfoxylate
formaldehydesulfoxylate dihydrate
formaldehydesulfoxylate, magnesium (2:1) salt
formaldehydesulfoxylate, monosodium salt
Rongalite
sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate
sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate

Depositor-Supplied Synonyms:
Sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate
149-44-0
Rongalite
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate
Rongalit
Methanesulfinic acid, hydroxy-, monosodium salt
Hydroxymethanesulfinic acid sodium salt
Aldanil
Formapon
Formopan
Hydrolit
Rongalite C
SODIUM FORMALDEHYDESULFOXYLATE
Rongalit C
Sodium hydroxymethanesulphinate
Formaldehyde sodium sulfoxylate
Sodium Sulfoxylate Formaldehyde (anhydrous)
Sodium methanalsulfoxylate
Sodium sulfoxylate formaldehyde
Sodium (hydroxymethyl)sulfinate
Sodium hydroxymethylsulfinate
sodium;hydroxymethanesulfinate
X4ZGP7K714
DTXSID7027120
Discolite
Leptacid
Leptacit
Rodite
Superlite C
Bleachit D
Hydrosulfite AWC
Redol C
Sodium formaldehydesulfoxalate
Natrium hydroxymethansulfinat
Monosodium hydroxymethanesulfinate
Natrium formaldehydesulfoxylat
Sodium oxymethanesulfinic acid
NSC-4847
HSDB 5648
NSC 4847
EINECS 205-739-4
Hydroxymethansulfinsaeure, natriumsalz
Formaldehydesulfoxylic acid sodium salt
Oxymethansulfinsaeuren natrium [German]
UNII-X4ZGP7K714
Oxymethansulfinsaeuren natrium
sodium oxymethylene sulfoxylate
AI3-23202
Sodium sulfoxylate formaldehyde (anhydrous) [USAN]
ALBALITE C
EC 205-739-4
sodiumhydroxymethanesulfinate
SCHEMBL6786
DTXCID507120
CHEMBL2107242
Tox21_201133
AKOS006230660
AKOS015898852
AT30644
NCGC00258685-01
CAS-149-44-0
SODIUM FORMALDEHYDE SULFOXYLATE [II]
SODIUM FORMALDEHYDE SULFOXYLATE [MI]
FT-0626524
R0053
SODIUM OXYMETHYLENE SULFOXYLATE [INCI]
SODIUM FORMALDEHYDE SULFOXYLATE [MART.]
EN300-7403196
J-008591
Q3492820
Methanesulfinic acid, 1-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1)
SODIUM SULFOXYLATE FORMALDEHYDE (ANHYDROUS) [HSDB]
16750-31-5


SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE
Sodium Hypochlorite Sodium hypochlorite is most often encountered as a pale greenish-yellow dilute solution referred to as liquid bleach, which is a household chemical widely used (since the 18th century) as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent. In solution, the compound is unstable and easily decomposes, liberating chlorine which is the active principle of such products. Sodium hypochlorite is the oldest and still most important chlorine-based bleach. Its corrosive properties, common availability, and reaction products make it a significant safety risk. In particular, mixing liquid bleach with other cleaning products, such as acids or ammonia, may produce toxic fumes. Properties of Sodium Hypochlorite Chemical formula NaOCl Molar mass 74.442 g/mol Appearance greenish-yellow solid (pentahydrate) Odor chlorine-like and sweetish Density 1.11 g/cm3 Melting point 18 °C (64 °F; 291 K) pentahydrate Boiling point 101 °C (214 °F; 374 K) (decomposes) Solubility in water 29.3 g/100mL (0 °C) Acidity (pKa) 7.5185 Basicity (pKb) 6.4815 Chemistry of Sodium hypochlorite Stability of the solid Anhydrous sodium hypochlorite can be prepared but, like many hypochlorites, it is highly unstable and decomposes explosively on heating or friction. The decomposition is accelerated by carbon dioxide at atmospheric levels. It is a white solid with the orthorhombic crystal structure. Sodium hypochlorite can also be obtained as a crystalline pentahydrate NaOCl·5H2O, which is not explosive and is much more stable than the anhydrous compound. The formula is sometimes given as 2NaOCl·10H2O. The transparent light greenish yellow orthorhombic crystals contain 44% NaOCl by weight and melt at 25–27 °C. The compound decomposes rapidly at room temperature, so it must be kept under refrigeration. At lower temperatures, however, it is quite stable: reportedly only 1% decomposition after 360 days at 7 °C. A 1966 US patent claims that stable solid sodium hypochlorite dihydrate NaOCl·2H2O can be obtained by carefully excluding chloride ions (Cl−), which are present in the output of common manufacturing processes and are said to catalyze the decomposition of hypochlorite into chlorate (ClO−3) and chloride. In one test, the dihydrate was claimed to show only 6% decomposition after 13.5 months storage at −25 °C. The patent also claims that the dihydrate can be reduced to the anhydrous form by vacuum drying at about 50 °C, yielding a solid that showed no decomposition after 64 hours at −25 °C. Equilibria and stability of solutions At typical ambient temperatures, sodium hypochlorite is more stable in dilute solutions that contain solvated Na+ and OCl− ions. The density of the solution is 1.093 g/mL at 5% concentration, and 1.21 g/mL at 14%, 20 °C. Stoichiometric solutions are fairly alkaline, with pH 11 or higher since hypochlorous acid is a weak acid: OCl− + H2O ⇌ HOCl + OH− The following species and equilibria are present in solutions of NaOCl: HOCl (aq) ⇌ H+ + OCl−HOCl (aq) + Cl− + H+ ⇌ Cl2 (aq) + H2OCl2 (aq) + Cl− ⇌ Cl−3Cl2 (aq) ⇌ Cl2 (g) The second equilibrium equation above will be shifted to the right if the chlorine Cl2 is allowed to escape as gas. The ratios of Cl2, HOCl, and OCl− in solution are also pH dependent. At pH below 2, the majority of the chlorine in the solution is in the form of dissolved elemental Cl2. At pH greater than 7.4, the majority is in the form of hypochlorite ClO−. The equilibrium can be shifted by adding acids (such as hydrochloric acid) or bases (such as sodium hydroxide) to the solution: ClO− (aq) + 2 HCl (aq) → Cl2 (g) + H2O (aq) + Cl− (aq)Cl2 (g) + 2 OH− → ClO− (aq) + Cl− (aq) + H2O (aq) At a pH of about 4, such as obtained by the addition of strong acids like hydrochloric acid, the amount of undissociated (nonionized) HOCl is highest. The reaction can be written as: ClO− + H+ ⇌ HClO Sodium hypochlorite solutions combined with acid evolve chlorine gas, particularly strongly at pH < 2, by the reactions: HOCl (aq) + Cl− + H+ ⇌ Cl2 (aq) + H2OCl2 (aq) ⇌ Cl2 (g) At pH > 8, the chlorine is practically all in the form of hypochlorite anions (OCl−). The solutions are fairly stable at pH 11–12. Even so, one report claims that a conventional 13.6% NaOCl reagent solution lost 17% of its strength after being stored for 360 days at 7 °C. For this reason, in some applications one may use more stable chlorine-releasing compounds, such as calcium hypochlorite Ca(ClO)2 or trichloroisocyanuric acid (CNClO)3. Anhydrous sodium hypochlorite is soluble in methanol, and solutions are stable. Decomposition to chlorate or oxygen In solution, under certain conditions, the hypochlorite anion may also disproportionate (autoxidize) to chloride and chlorate: 3 ClO− + H+ → HClO3 + 2 Cl− In particular, this reaction occurs in sodium hypochlorite solutions at high temperatures, forming sodium chlorate and sodium chloride: 3 NaOCl (aq) → 2 NaCl (aq) + NaClO3 (aq) This reaction is exploited in the industrial production of sodium chlorate. An alternative decomposition of hypochlorite produces oxygen instead: 2 OCl− → 2 Cl− + O2 In hot sodium hypochlorite solutions, this reaction competes with chlorate formation, yielding sodium chloride and oxygen gas: 2 NaOCl (aq) → 2 NaCl (aq) + O2 (g) These two decomposition reactions of NaClO solutions are maximized at pH around 6. The chlorate-producing reaction predominates at pH above 6, while the oxygen one becomes significant below that. For example, at 80 °C, with NaOCl and NaCl concentrations of 80 mM, and pH 6–6.5, the chlorate is produced with ∼95% efficiency. The oxygen pathway predominates at pH 10. This decomposition is affected by light and metal ion catalysts such as copper, nickel, cobalt, and iridium. Catalysts like sodium dichromate Na2Cr2O7 and sodium molybdate Na2MoO4 may be added industrially to reduce the oxygen pathway, but a report claims that only the latter is effective. Titration Titration of hypochlorite solutions is often done by adding a measured sample to an excess amount of acidified solution of potassium iodide (KI) and then titrating the liberated iodine (I2) with a standard solution of sodium thiosulfate or phenyl arsine oxide, using starch as indicator, until the blue color disappears. According to one US patent, the stability of sodium hypochlorite content of solids or solutions can be determined by monitoring the infrared absorption due to the O–Cl bond. The characteristic wavelength is given as 140.25 μm for water solutions, 140.05 μm for the solid dihydrate NaOCl·2H 2O, and 139.08 μm for the anhydrous mixed salt Na2(OCl)(OH). Oxidation of organic compounds Oxidation of starch by sodium hypochlorite, that adds carbonyl and carboxyl groups, is relevant to the production of modified starch products. In the presence of a phase-transfer catalyst, alcohols are oxidized to the corresponding carbonyl compound (aldehyde or ketone). Sodium hypochlorite can also oxidize organic sulfides to sulfoxides or sulfones, disulfides or thiols to sulfonyl chlorides or bromides, imines to oxaziridines. It can also de-aromatize phenols. Oxidation of metals and complexes Heterogeneous reactions of sodium hypochlorite and metals such as zinc proceed slowly to give the metal oxide or hydroxide: NaOCl + Zn → ZnO + NaCl Homogeneous reactions with metal coordination complexes proceed somewhat faster. This has been exploited in the Jacobsen epoxidation. Other reactions of Sodium hypochlorite If not properly stored in airtight containers, sodium hypochlorite reacts with carbon dioxide to form sodium carbonate: 2 NaOCl + CO2 + H2O → Na2CO3 + 2 HOCl Sodium hypochlorite reacts with most nitrogen compounds to form volatile monochloramine, dichloramines, and nitrogen trichloride: NH3 + NaOCl → NH2Cl + NaOHNH2Cl + NaOCl → NHCl2 + NaOHNHCl2 + NaOCl → NCl3 + NaOH Neutralization Sodium thiosulfate is an effective chlorine neutralizer. Rinsing with a 5 mg/L solution, followed by washing with soap and water, will remove chlorine odor from the hands. Production of Sodium hypochlorite Chlorination of soda Potassium hypochlorite was first produced in 1789 by Claude Louis Berthollet in his laboratory on the Quai de Javel in Paris, France, by passing chlorine gas through a solution of potash lye. The resulting liquid, known as "Eau de Javel" ("Javel water"), was a weak solution of potassium hypochlorite. Antoine Labarraque replaced potash lye by the cheaper soda lye, thus obtaining sodium hypochlorite (Eau de Labarraque). Cl2 (g) + 2 NaOH (aq) → NaCl (aq) + NaClO (aq) + H2O (aq) Hence, chlorine is simultaneously reduced and oxidized; this process is known as disproportionation. The process is also used to prepare the pentahydrate NaOCl·5H 2O for industrial and laboratory use. In a typical process, chlorine gas is added to a 45–48% NaOH solution. Some of the sodium chloride precipitates and is removed by filtration, and the pentahydrate is then obtained by cooling the filtrate to 12 °C . From calcium hypochlorite Another method involved by reaction of sodium carbonate ("washing soda") with chlorinated lime ("bleaching powder"), a mixture of calcium hypochlorite Ca(OCl)2, calcium chloride CaCl2, and calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2: Na2CO3 (aq) + Ca(OCl)2 (aq) → CaCO3 (s) + 2 NaOCl (aq) Na2CO3 (aq) + CaCl2 (aq) → CaCO3 (s) + 2 NaCl (aq) Na2CO3 (aq) + Ca(OH)2 (s) → CaCO3 (s) + 2 NaOH (aq) This method was commonly used to produce hypochlorite solutions for use as a hospital antiseptic that was sold after World War I under the names "Eusol", an abbreviation for Edinburgh University Solution Of (chlorinated) Lime – a reference to the university's pathology department, where it was developed. Electrolysis of brine Near the end of the nineteenth century, E. S. Smith patented the chloralkali process: a method of producing sodium hypochlorite involving the electrolysis of brine to produce sodium hydroxide and chlorine gas, which then mixed to form sodium hypochlorite. The key reactions are: 2 Cl− → Cl2 + 2 e− (at the anode) 2 H2O + 2 e− → H2 + 2 HO− (at the cathode) Both electric power and brine solution were in cheap supply at the time, and various enterprising marketers took advantage of the situation to satisfy the market's demand for sodium hypochlorite. Bottled solutions of sodium hypochlorite were sold under numerous trade names. Today, an improved version of this method, known as the Hooker process (named after Hooker Chemicals, acquired by Occidental Petroleum), is the only large-scale industrial method of sodium hypochlorite production. In the process, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and sodium chloride (NaCl) are formed when chlorine is passed into cold dilute sodium hydroxide solution. The chlorine is prepared industrially by electrolysis with minimal separation between the anode and the cathode. The solution must be kept below 40 °C (by cooling coils) to prevent the undesired formation of sodium chlorate. Commercial solutions always contain significant amounts of sodium chloride (common salt) as the main by-product, as seen in the equation above. From hypochlorous acid and soda A 1966 patent describes the production of solid stable dihydrate NaOCl·2H2O by reacting a chloride-free solution of hypochlorous acid HClO (such as prepared from chlorine monoxide ClO and water), with a concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide. In a typical preparation, 255 mL of a solution with 118 g/L HClO is slowly added with stirring to a solution of 40 g of NaOH in water 0 °C. Some sodium chloride precipitates and is removed by fitration. The solution is vacuum evaporated at 40–50 °C and 1–2 mmHg until the dihydrate crystallizes out. The crystals are vacuum-dried to produce a free-flowing crystalline powder. The same principle was used in another 1991 patent to produce concentrated slurries of the pentahydrate NaClO·5H 2O. Typically, a 35% solution (by weight) of HClO is combined with sodium hydroxide at about or below 25 °C. The resulting slurry contains about 35% NaClO, and are relatively stable due to the low concentration of chloride. From ozone and salt Sodium hypochlorite can be easily produced for research purposes by reacting ozone with salt. NaCl + O3 → NaClO + O2 This reaction happens at room temperature and can be helpful for oxidizing alcohols. Packaging and sale Main article: Bleach Bleach packaged for household use, with 2.6% sodium hypochlorite Household bleach sold for use in laundering clothes is a 3–8% solution of sodium hypochlorite at the time of manufacture. Strength varies from one formulation to another and gradually decreases with long storage. Sodium hydroxide is usually added in small amounts to household bleach to slow down the decomposition of NaClO. A 10–25% solution of sodium hypochlorite is, according to Univar's safety sheet, supplied with synonyms or trade names bleach, Hypo, Everchlor, Chloros, Hispec, Bridos, Bleacol, or Vo-redox 9110. A 12% solution is widely used in waterworks for the chlorination of water, and a 15% solution is more commonly used for disinfection of waste water in treatment plants. Sodium hypochlorite can also be used for point-of-use disinfection of drinking water, taking 0.2-2 mg of sodium hypochlorite per liter of water. Dilute solutions (50 ppm to 1.5%) are found in disinfecting sprays and wipes used on hard surfaces. Uses of Sodium hypochlorite Bleaching Household bleach is, in general, a solution containing 3–8% sodium hypochlorite, by weight, and 0.01–0.05% sodium hydroxide; the sodium hydroxide is used to slow the decomposition of sodium hypochlorite into sodium chloride and sodium chlorate. Cleaning of Sodium hypochlorite Sodium hypochlorite has destaining properties. Among other applications, it can be used to remove mold stains, dental stains caused by fluorosis, and stains on crockery, especially those caused by the tannins in tea. It has also been used in laundry detergents and as a surface cleaner. Its bleaching, cleaning, deodorizing and caustic effects are due to oxidation and hydrolysis (saponification). Organic dirt exposed to hypochlorite becomes water-soluble and non-volatile, which reduces its odor and facilitates its removal. Disinfection of Sodium hypochlorite See also: Hypochlorous acid Sodium hypochlorite in solution exhibits broad spectrum anti-microbial activity and is widely used in healthcare facilities in a variety of settings. It is usually diluted in water depending on its intended use. "Strong chlorine solution" is a 0.5% solution of hypochlorite (containing approximately 5000 ppm free chlorine) used for disinfecting areas contaminated with body fluids, including large blood spills (the area is first cleaned with detergent before being disinfected). It may be made by diluting household bleach as appropriate (normally 1 part bleach to 9 parts water). Such solutions have been demonstrated to inactivate both C. difficile and HPV. "Weak chlorine solution" is a 0.05% solution of hypochlorite used for washing hands, but is normally prepared with calcium hypochlorite granules. "Dakin's Solution" is a disinfectant solution containing low concentration of sodium hypochlorite and some boric acid or sodium bicarbonate to stabilize the pH. It has been found to be effective with NaOCl concentrations as low as 0.025%. US government regulations allow food processing equipment and food contact surfaces to be sanitized with solutions containing bleach, provided that the solution is allowed to drain adequately before contact with food, and that the solutions do not exceed 200 parts per million (ppm) available chlorine (for example, one tablespoon of typical household bleach containing 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, per gallon of water). If higher concentrations are used, the surface must be rinsed with potable water after sanitizing. A similar concentration of bleach in warm water is used to sanitize surfaces prior to brewing of beer or wine. Surfaces must be rinsed with sterilized (boiled) water to avoid imparting flavors to the brew; the chlorinated byproducts of sanitizing surfaces are also harmful. The mode of disinfectant action of sodium hypochlorite is similar to that of hypochlorous acid. Solutions containing more than 500 ppm available chlorine are corrosive to some metals, alloys and many thermoplastics (such as acetal resin) and need to be thoroughly removed afterwards, so the bleach disinfection is sometimes followed by an ethanol disinfection. Liquids containing sodium hypochlorite as the main active component are also used for household cleaning and disinfection, for example toilet cleaners. Some cleaners are formulated to be viscous so as not to drain quickly from vertical surfaces, such as the inside of a toilet bowl. The undissociated (nonionized) hypochlorous acid is believed to react with and inactivate bacterial and viral enzymes. Neutrophils of the human immune system produce small amounts of hypochlorite inside phagosomes, which digest bacteria and viruses. Deodorizing of Sodium hypochlorite Sodium hypochlorite has deodorizing properties, which go hand in hand with its cleaning properties. Waste water treatment of Sodium hypochlorite Sodium hypochlorite solutions have been used to treat dilute cyanide waste water, such as electroplating wastes. In batch treatment operations, sodium hypochlorite has been used to treat more concentrated cyanide wastes, such as silver cyanide plating solutions. Toxic cyanide is oxidized to cyanate (OCN−) that is not toxic, idealized as follows: CN− + OCl− → OCN− + Cl− Sodium hypochlorite is commonly used as a biocide in industrial applications to control slime and bacteria formation in water systems used at power plants, pulp and paper mills, etc., in solutions typically of 10–15% by weight. Endodontics Sodium hypochlorite is the medicament of choice due to its efficacy against pathogenic organisms and pulp digestion in endodontic therapy. Its concentration for use varies from 0.5% to 5.25%. At low concentrations it dissolves mainly necrotic tissue; at higher concentrations it also dissolves vital tissue and additional bacterial species. One study has shown that Enterococcus faecalis was still present in the dentin after 40 minutes of exposure of 1.3% and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, whereas 40 minutes at a concentration of 5.25% was effective in E. faecalis removal. In addition to higher concentrations of sodium hypochlorite, longer time exposure and warming the solution (60 °C) also increases its effectiveness in removing soft tissue and bacteria within the root canal chamber. 2% is a common concentration as there is less risk of an iatrogenic hypochlorite incident. A hypochlorite incident is an immediate reaction of severe pain, followed by edema, haematoma, and ecchymosis as a consequence of the solution escaping the confines of the tooth and entering the periapical space. This may be caused by binding or excessive pressure on the irrigant syringe, or it may occur if the tooth has an unusually large apical foramen. Nerve agent neutralization At the various nerve agent (chemical warfare nerve gas) destruction facilities throughout the United States, 50% sodium hypochlorite is used to remove all traces of nerve agent or blister agent from Personal Protection Equipment after an entry is made by personnel into toxic areas. 50% sodium hypochlorite is also used to neutralize any accidental releases of nerve agent in the toxic areas. Lesser concentrations of sodium hypochlorite are used in similar fashion in the Pollution Abatement System to ensure that no nerve agent is released in furnace flue gas. Reduction of skin damage Dilute bleach baths have been used for decades to treat moderate to severe eczema in humans, but it has not been clear why they work. According to work published by researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine in November 2013, a very dilute (0.005%) solution of sodium hypochlorite in water was successful in treating skin damage with an inflammatory component caused by radiation therapy, excess sun exposure or aging in laboratory mice. Mice with radiation dermatitis given daily 30-minute baths in bleach solution experienced less severe skin damage and better healing and hair regrowth than animals bathed in water. A molecule called nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is known to play a critical role in inflammation, aging, and response to radiation. The researchers found that if NF-κB activity was blocked in elderly mice by bathing them in bleach solution, the animals' skin began to look younger, going from old and fragile to thicker, with increased cell proliferation. The effect diminished after the baths were stopped, indicating that regular exposure was necessary to maintain skin thickness. Safety It is estimated that there are about 3,300 accidents needing hospital treatment caused by sodium hypochlorite solutions each year in British homes (RoSPA, 2002). Oxidation and corrosion Sodium hypochlorite is a strong oxidizer. Oxidation reactions are corrosive. Solutions burn the skin and cause eye damage, especially when used in concentrated forms. As recognized by the NFPA, however, only solutions containing more than 40% sodium hypochlorite by weight are considered hazardous oxidizers. Solutions less than 40% are classified as a moderate oxidizing hazard (NFPA 430, 2000). Household bleach and pool chlorinator solutions are typically stabilized by a significant concentration of lye (caustic soda, NaOH) as part of the manufacturing reaction. This additive will by itself cause caustic irritation or burns due to defatting and saponification of skin oils and destruction of tissue. The slippery feel of bleach on skin is due to this process. Storage hazards Contact of sodium hypochlorite solutions with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated due to release of chlorine gas. Hypochlorite solutions are corrosive to common container materials such as stainless steel and aluminium. The few compatible metals include titanium (which however is not compatible with dry chlorine) and tantalum. Glass containers are safe. Some plastics and rubbers are affected too; safe choices include polyethylene (PE), high density polyethylene (HDPE, PE-HD), polypropylene (PP), some chlorinated and fluorinated polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF); as well as ethylene propylene rubber, and Viton. Containers must allow venting of oxygen produced by decomposition over time, otherwise they may burst. Reactions with other common products Mixing bleach with some household cleaners can be hazardous. Sodium hypochlorite solutions, such as liquid bleach, may release toxic chlorine gas when heated above 35 °C or mixed with an acid, such as hydrochloric acid or vinegar. A 2008 study indicated that sodium hypochlorite and organic chemicals (e.g., surfactants, fragrances) contained in several household cleaning products can react to generate chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These chlorinated compounds are emitted during cleaning applications, some of which are toxic and probable human carcinogens. The study showed that indoor air concentrations significantly increase (8–52 times for chloroform and 1–1170 times for carbon tetrachloride, respectively, above baseline quantities in the household) during the use of bleach containing products. The increase in chlorinated volatile organic compound concentrations was the lowest for plain bleach and the highest for the products in the form of "thick liquid and gel." The significant increases observed in indoor air concentrations of several chlorinated VOCs (especially carbon tetrachloride and chloroform) indicate that the bleach use may be a source that could be important in terms of inhalation exposure to these compounds. The authors suggested that using these cleaning products may significantly increase the cancer risk. In particular, mixing hypochlorite bleaches with amines (for example, cleaning products that contain or release ammonia, ammonium salts, urea, or related compounds and biological materials such as urine) produces chloramines. These gaseous products can cause acute lung injury. Chronic exposure, for example, from the air at swimming pools where chlorine is used as the disinfectant, can lead to the development of atopic asthma. Bleach can react violently with hydrogen peroxide and produce oxygen gas: H2O2 (aq) + NaOCl (aq) → NaCl (aq) + H2O (aq) + O2 (g) Explosive reactions or byproducts can also occur in industrial and laboratory settings when sodium hypochlorite is mixed with diverse organic compounds. Limitations in health care The UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in October 2008 recommended that Dakin's solution should not be used in routine wound care. Environmental impact In spite of its strong biocidal action, sodium hypochlorite per se has limited environmental impact, since the hypochlorite ion rapidly degrades before it can be absorbed by living beings. However, one major concern arising from sodium hypochlorite use is that it tends to form persistent chlorinated organic compounds, including known carcinogens, that can be absorbed by organisms and enter the food chain. These compounds may be formed during household storage and use as well during industrial use. For example, when household bleach and wastewater were mixed, 1–2% of the available chlorine was observed to form organic compounds. As of 1994, not all the byproducts had been identified, but identified compounds include chloroform and carbon tetrachloride. The estimated exposure to these chemicals from use is estimated to be within occupational exposure limits. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is a compound that can be effectively used for water purification. It is used on a large scale for surface purification, bleaching, odor removal and water disinfection. When was sodium hypochlorite discovered? Sodium hypochlorite has a long history. Around 1785 the Frenchman Berthollet developed liquid bleaching agents based on sodium hypochlorite. The Javel company introduced this product and called it 'liqueur de Javel'. At first, it was used to bleach cotton. Because of its specific characteristics it soon became a popular compound. Hypochlorite can remove stains from clothes at room temperature. In France, sodium hypochlorite is still known as 'eau de Javel'. What are the characteristics of sodium hypochlorite? Sodium hypochlorite is a clear, slightly yellowish solution with a characteristic odor. Sodium hypochlorite has a relative density of is 1,1 (5,5% watery solution). As a bleaching agent for domestic use it usually contains 5% sodium hypochlorite (with a pH of around 11, it is irritating). If it is more concentrated, it contains a concentration 10-15% sodium hypochlorite (with a pH of around 13, it burns and is corrosive). Sodium hypochlorite is unstable. Chlorine evaporates at a rate of 0,75 gram active chlorine per day from the solution. Then heated sodium hypochlorite disintegrates. This also happens when sodium hypochlorite comes in contact with acids, sunlight, certain metals and poisonous and corrosive gasses, including chlorine gas. Sodium hypochlorite is a strong oxidator and reacts with flammable compounds and reductors. Sodium hypochlorite solution is a weak base that is inflammable. These characteristics must be kept in mind during transport, storage and use of sodium hypochlorite. What happens to the pH value when sodium hypochlorite is added to water? Due to the presence of caustic soda in sodium hypo chlorite, the pH of the water is increased. When sodium hypo chlorite dissolves in water, two substances form, which play a role in for oxidation and disinfection. These are hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and the less active hypochlorite ion (OCl-). The pH of the water determines how much hypochlorous acid is formed. While sodium hypochlorite is used, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is used to lower the pH. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) can be used as an alternative for acetic acid. Less harmful gasses are produced when sulfuric acid is used. Sulfuric acid is a strong acid that strongly reacts with bases and that is very corrosive. How can sodium hypochlorite be produced? Sodium hypochlorite can be produced in two ways: - By dissolving salt in softened water, which results in a concentrated brine solution. The solution is electrolyzed and forms a sodium hypochlorite solution in water. This solution contains 150 g active chlorine (Cl2) per liter. During this reaction the explosive hydrogen gas is also formed. - By adding chlorine gas (Cl2) to caustic soda (NaOH). When this is done, sodium hypochlorite, water (H2O) and salt (NaCl) are produced according to the following reaction: Cl2 + 2NaOH + → NaOCl + NaCl + H2O What are the applications of sodium hypochlorite? Sodium hypochlorite is used on a large scale. For example in agriculture, chemical industries, paint- and lime industries, food industries, glass industries, paper industries, pharmaceutical industries, synthetics industries and waste disposal industries. In the textile industry sodium hypochlorite is used to bleach textile. It is sometimes added to industrial waste water. This is done to reduce odors. Hypochlorite neutralizes sulphur hydrogen gas (SH) and ammonia (NH3). It is also used to detoxify cyanide baths in metal industries. Hypochlorite can be used to prevent algae and shellfish growth in cooling towers. In water treatment, hypochlorite is used to disinfect water. In households, hypochlorite is used frequently for the purification and disinfection of the house. How does sodium hypochlorite disinfection work? By adding hypochlorite to water, hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is formed: NaOCl + H2O → HOCl + NaOH- Hypochlorous acid is divided into hydrochloric acid (HCl) and oxygen (O). The oxygen atom is a very strong oxidator. Sodium hypochlorite is effective against bacteria, viruses and fungi. Sodium hypochlorite disinfects the same way as chlorine does. How is sodium hypochlorite applied in swimming pools? Sodium hypochlorite is applied in swimming pools for water disinfection and oxidation. It has the advantage that microorganisms cannot build up any resistance to it. Sodium hypochlorite is effective against Legionella bacteria and bio film, in which Legionella bacteria can multiply. Hypochlorous acid is produced by the reaction of sodium hydroxide with chlorine gas. In water, the so-called 'active chlorine' is formed. There are various ways to use sodium hypochlorite. For on-site salt electrolysis, a solution of salt (NaCl) in water is applied. Sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions are produced. 4NaCl- → 4Na+ + 4Cl- By leading the salty solution over an electrolysis cell, the following reactions take place at the electrodes: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- 2H2O + 2e- → H2 + 20H- 2H20 → O2 + 4H++ 4e- Subsequently, chlorine and hydroxide react to form hypochlorite: OH- + Cl2 → HOCl + Cl- The advantage of the salt electrolysis system is that no transport or storage of sodium hypochlorite is required. When sodium hypochlorite is stored for a long time, it becomes inactive. Another advantage of the on site process is that chlorine lowers the pH and no other acid is required to lower pH. The hydrogen gas that is produced is explosive and as a result ventilation is required for expolsion prevention. This system is slow and a buffer of extra hypochlorous acid needs to be used. The maintenance and purchase of the electrolysis system is much more expensive than sodium hypochlorite. When sodium hypochlorite is used, acetic or sulphuric acid are added to the water. An overdose can produce poisonous gasses. If the dosage is too low, the pH becomes to high and can irritate the eyes. Because sodium hypochlorite is used both to oxidize pollutions (urine, sweat, cosmetics) and to remove pathogenic microorganisms, the required concentration of sodium hypochlorite depends on the concentrations of these pollutions. Especially the amount of organic pollution determines the required concentration. If the water is filtered before sodium hypochlorite is applied, less sodium hypochlorite is needed.
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE
Sodium Hypophosphite is a solid at room temperature, appearing as odorless white crystals.
Sodium Hypophosphite is soluble in water, and easily absorbs moisture from the air.


CAS Number: 7681-53-0
10039-56-2 (monohydrate)
EC Number: 231-669-9
Chemical formula: NaPO2H2


Sodium Hypophosphite (NaPO2H2, also known as sodium phosphinate) is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid and is often encountered as the monohydrate, NaPO2H2·H2O.
Sodium Hypophosphite should be kept in a cool, dry place, isolated from oxidizing materials.


Sodium Hypophosphite decomposes into phosphine which is irritating to the respiratory tract and disodium phosphate.
2 NaH2PO2 → PH3 + Na2HPO4
Sodium Hypophosphite is white granules or crystals


Sodium hypophosphite is an inorganic salt with the chemical formula NaH2PO2, monoclinic crystal or pearly crystal or white crystalline powder.
Sodium Hypophosphite is easily soluble in water, ethanol, glycerin, slightly soluble in ammonia, ammonia water, and insoluble in ether.
Sodium Hypophosphite is neutral in aqueous solution and has strong reducing properties.


Sodium Hypophosphite is a strong reducing agent, which can reduce the salts of gold, silver, mercury, nickel, chromium, diamond, etc. to a metallic state.
Sodium Hypophosphite is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid with the formula NaPO2H2.
Sodium Hypophosphite is often encountered as the monohydrate, NaPO2H2·H2O.


Sodium Hypophosphite is a white crystalline powder; it is odourless and bitter.
Sodium Hypophosphite is very soluble in water, in alcohol and glycerine, practically insoluble in ether.
Sodium Hypophosphite is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.


Sodium Hypophosphite is a white crystalline powder or colourless crystals.
Sodium Hypophosphite is a clear colorless liquid, which is an effective reducing agent and antioxidant.
Sodium Hypophosphite is the most common form of Sodium Hypophosphite (SHP), which is a chemical reducing agent with applications as an electroplating agent, polymerization catalyst, polymer stabilizer, flame retardant, and regenerating agent for ion exchange resins.


Sodium Hypophosphite is nonflammable.
Like other hypophosphites, Sodium Hypophosphite can reduce metal ions back into base metal.
This forms the basis for electroless nickel plating (Ni-P), which is its main industrial application.


With this method, a durable nickel-phosphorus film can coat objects with irregular surfaces, such as in avionics, aviation and the petroleum field.
Sodium Hypophosphite is a solid at room temperature, appearing as odorless white crystals.
Sodium Hypophosphite is soluble in water, and easily absorbs moisture from the air.


Sodium Hypophosphite is white crystal.
Sodium Hypophosphite is stable at normall condition, but deliquescency.
Sodium Hypophosphite is capable of reducing nickel ions in solution to metallic nickel on metal substrates as well as on plastic substrates.


The latter requires that the substrate is activated with fine particles of palladium.
The resulting nickel deposit contains up to 15% phosphorus.
Sodium Hypophosphite is a colorless monoclinic crystal or a pearl-luster crystal or a white crystalline powder.


The relative density of Sodium Hypophosphite was 1. 388.
Sodium Hypophosphite has odorless and salty.
Sodium Hypophosphite is soluble in water, ethanol, glycerol.


Sodium Hypophosphite is slightly soluble in ammonia, ammonia.
Sodium Hypophosphite is insoluble in ether.
The aqueous solution of Sodium Hypophosphite is neutral, and the solubility in water at 100 ° C. Is 667g/10g water.


Sodium Hypophosphite has deliquescence.
Sodium Hypophosphite is relatively stable when stored in a dry state, and rapidly decomposes.
Sodium Hypophosphite is a strong reducing agent that can reduce salts of gold, silver, mercury, nickel, chromium, cobalt, and the like to a metal state.


Under normal pressure, heating and evaporating the sodium hypophosphite solution will cause explosion, so the evaporation should be carried out under reduced pressure.
Sodium Hypophosphite is pearl luster crystal or white crystalline powder, easily hygroscopic deliquescence.


Sodium Hypophosphite is easily soluble in water, ethanol, glycerin, insoluble in ether.
Sodium Hypophosphite is strong reducing agent, heated to 200 °c decomposition.
Sodium Hypophosphite is Crystalline Powder and it is highly Hygroscopic.


Sodium Hypophosphite is soluble in water.
The density of Sodium Hypophosphite 0.8 g/cm3 Melting Point is 90 oC (194 oF; 363 K).
Sodium Hypophosphite is a white, odorless, deliquesce granules; saline taste.


Sodium Hypophosphite appears as an odourless white powder and is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid.
Sodium Hypophosphite is largely used in electroless nickel plating but is also found in water treatment agents where it acts as a reducing agent , to reduce the metal ion content in industrial waste.
Other uses of Sodium Hypophosphite include textile finishing products, washing and cleaning products and in lubricant and grease products.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
Like other hypophosphites, Sodium Hypophosphite can reduce metal ions back into the base metal.
This forms the basis for electroless nickel plating (Ni-P), which is Sodium Hypophosphite's main industrial application.
With this method, a durable nickel-phosphorus film can coat objects with irregular surfaces, such as in avionics, aviation, and the petroleum field.


Sodium Hypophosphite is capable of reducing nickel ions in solution to metallic nickel on metal substrates as well as on plastic substrates.
The latter requires that the substrate is activated with fine particles of palladium.
The resulting nickel deposit contains up to 15% phosphorus.


Sodium Hypophosphite has been investigated as a food additive.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used as an electroless plating agent.
Chemical Plating (Chemical Plating) is a technology to realize the metalization of non-conductor surfaces, which Sodium Hypophosphite is widely used in surface modification, printed circuit manufacturing, electromagnetic shielding technology, electronic component packaging and other fields.


The use of other reducing agents in the electroless copper plating solution to replace formaldehyde has been reported in the literature and patents.
The main alternative reducing agents are dimethylamine borane (DMAB), glyoxylic acid, and Sodium Hypophosphite.
Among them, the electroless plating system using Sodium Hypophosphite as the reducing agent has the characteristics of low pH, low cost and relative safety, and has great development value and application prospects.


Sodium Hypophosphite is used as antiseptic and fresh-keeping agent
Sodium Hypophosphite can play a role in preservation and bacteriostasis, and it can preserve the freshness of fruits, vegetables and cut flowers.
Sodium Hypophosphite has antiseptic preservation effect on meat, poultry and fish.


Sodium Hypophosphite's products can also be used as food additives.
Sodium Hypophosphite is a highly effective metal plating agent.
Sodium Hypophosphiteis a chemical reducer obtained from the reaction of phosphorous with caustic soda and lime.


Sodium Hypophosphite is mainly used in electrochemical nickel plating applications, whitening agent and as catalysts in the fiber-glass industry.
Sodium Hypophosphite is mainly used as a reductant in the chemical plating process.
A dense and uniform nickel phosphorus film can be obtained on both large equipment and tiny components, as well as articles with complicated external shapes such as convex concave lines or internal walls with deep-hollows.


Sodium Hypophosphite is also used on the surface of non-metals such as plastics, ceramics, glass, Etc.
The film possesses surface hardness and abrasion resistance.
Sodium Hypophosphite is widely used in electronics, aviation mechanisms, and in petroleum fields.


Sodium Hypophosphite is additional used as an interface activator, a M.W. moderator, a thermo-stablizer for synthetic resins.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used reducing agents for electroless plating, Catalyst for synthetic resin.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used as a catalyst in different areas (acrylic polymers, electroless nickel,...).


Sodium Hypophosphite is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and cosmetics and personal care products.


Other release to the environment of Sodium Hypophosphite is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid and outdoor use as processing aid.
Release to the environment of Sodium Hypophosphite can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).


Other release to the environment of Sodium Hypophosphite is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)).


Sodium Hypophosphite can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles covered by End of Life Vehicles (ELV) directive (e.g. personal vehicles or delivery vans).
Sodium Hypophosphite can be found in products with material based on: fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys) and plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).


Sodium Hypophosphite is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and cosmetics and personal care products.
Sodium Hypophosphite has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).


Other release to the environment of Sodium Hypophosphite is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid and outdoor use as processing aid.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, polymers, washing & cleaning products, water treatment chemicals, metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products, lubricants and greases and textile treatment products and dyes.


Sodium Hypophosphite has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Release to the environment of Sodium Hypophosphite can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, as processing aid and as processing aid.


Sodium Hypophosphite is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, polymers, metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products and welding & soldering products.
Sodium Hypophosphite has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).


Sodium Hypophosphite is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, plastic products, rubber products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment, machinery and vehicles, textile, leather or fur, wood and wood products, pulp, paper and paper products and fabricated metal products.
Release to the environment of Sodium Hypophosphite can occur from industrial use: as processing aid, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid and in the production of articles.


Sodium Hypophosphite is used in medicine and electroless nickel plating, also used as a strong reducing agent
Sodium Hypophosphite is used in the surface finishing industry for electroless nickel plating (Ni-P), which has the benefits of uniform plating thickness on metal objects, ceramics, and plastics.


Sodium Hypophosphite is used Pharmaceuticals, reducing agent in electrode- less nickel plating of plastics and metals, lab reagent, substitute for sodium nitrite in smoked meats.
Sodium Hypophosphite is also used as a catalyst for polymerization reactions and in the fiber glass industry.


Sodium Hypophosphite acts as a stabilizer for polymers during thermal processing and extrusion.
Sodium Hypophosphite is a source of electrons used for resin regeneration of Ion Exchange Resins.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used in the metal surface treatment, mainly for electroless nickel, as a chemical intermediate and food additive.


Sodium Hypophosphite is used Electroless plating material、and Pharmaceutical material.
Sodium Hypophosphite is mainly used for electroless nickel plating.
With this method, a durable nickel-phosphorus film can coat objects with irregular surfaces, such as in avionics, aviation and the petroleum field.


Sodium Hypophosphite is used Arsenic and iodate reagents.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used reducing agent.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used clinical examination.


Sodium Hypophosphite is used for electroless nickel plating, and used in the pharmaceutical industry.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used in the food industry as a preservative, antioxidant.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used for fruits, vegetables and other substances preservation.


Sodium Hypophosphite is used for meat, poultry and fish with antiseptic effect.
Sodium Hypophosphite is mainly used as a reducing agent for electroless plating.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used large equipment and small objects that cannot be carried out by electroplating.


Sodium Hypophosphite is used complex shape objects with high precision and concave and convex patterns.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used deep hole inner wall, objects with high surface hardness and wear resistance; plastic, ceramic, glass, quartz and other non-metallic materials surface metallization, to obtain a dense and uniform, and more excellent than electroplating nickel-phosphorus plating layer.


Sodium Hypophosphite is widely used in electronics, aviation, machinery, oil and other industries.
Sodium Hypophosphite can also be used as a catalyst for synthesizing various water treatment agents, a chemical reaction, a stabilizer, an interface activator of a resin, a molecular weight regulator, a heat stabilizer, a food additive and the like.


Sodium Hypophosphite is used preservative; Antioxidants.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used for cod Cod Liver Oil emulsion.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used for electroless nickel plating, and used in the pharmaceutical industry.


Sodium Hypophosphite is used for pharmaceutical and electroless nickel plating, it is used as a strong reductant.
In the method of electroless nickel plating, a durable nickel-phosphorus film can coat objects with irregular surfaces, and can widely be used ionics, aviation and the petroleum field.


Sodium Hypophosphite also can be used as a food additive.
Sodium Hypophosphite may be used as a reducing agent or antioxidant in chemical processing, as a catalyst in some polymerization reactions, as a stabilizer to prevent degradation of polymers during extrusion or in other heated processing and may be used as a partial fire retardant.


-Application Markets of Sodium Hypophosphite:
*Electroplating
*Electronics
*Automotive
*Water treatment
*Chemical manufacturing


-Industrial applications of Sodium Hypophosphite:
Sodium Hypophosphite can be used to prepare various industrial preservatives and oilfield scale inhibitors, etc.
Sodium Hypophosphite is also used to make food industry boiler water additives, recover various metals from various electroless plating wastewater and remove chlorides and cyanates.

Sodium Hypophosphite is used Catalyst, stabilizer, preparation of polyamide polymer polyamide, speed up chemical reaction.
Sodium Hypophosphite can also be used as a stabilizer for chemical reactions, bleaching of mechanical pulp, and a stabilizer for peroxides.
Sodium Hypophosphite is also used as an antioxidant, anti-bleaching agent, dispersant, textile finishing and medicine industries.


-Industrial Applications of Sodium Hypophosphite:
In chemical processing, Sodium Hypophosphite is used as a raw material for the production of hypophosphorous acid, as well as, a reducing agent and antioxidant.
Sodium Hypophosphite is a polymerization catalyst for acrylic acid-based polymers.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used as a stabilizer for polymers during extrusion and other thermal processing.
Sodium Hypophosphite is used in the preparation of fire retardants and may be used as a partial fire retardant.


-Water Treatment:
Sodium Hypophosphite is used in water treatment to reduce the metal ion content in industrial wastewater prior to discharge.
Sodium Hypophosphite is an effective reducing agent for the removal of Nickel, Copper, and Iron.
Sodium Hypophosphite is a source of electrons used for resin regeneration of Ion Exchange Resins.



REACTIONS OF SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
Sodium Hypophosphite, NaH2PO2 · H2O, white solid, soluble, formed (1) by reaction of hypophosphorous acid and sodium carbonate solution, and then evaporating, (2) by reaction of NaOH solution and phosphorus on heating (poisonous phosphine gas evolved).



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
*Colorless monoclinic crystal or pearl luster crystal or white crystalline powder.
*Odorless and salty.
*relative density 1.388
*soluble in water, ethanol, glycerol; Slightly soluble in ammonia, ammonia; Insoluble in ether.
*The aqueous solution is neutral, and the solubility in water is 100g/g water.



ELECTROCHEMICAL NICKEL PLATING AND ELECTROLESS NICKEL PLATING:
Sodium Hypophosphite is used in electrochemical nickel plating and the Electroless Nickel (EN) process.
The EN process with Sodium Hypophosphite produces a uniform plating thickness on metals and other materials, such as ceramics and plastics.
Sodium Hypophosphite is widely used as a reducing agent for the Electroless Nickel Plating in the electronics and automotive industry.



HOW SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE WORKS:
For Sodium Hypophosphite reduction electroless copper plating and other electroless copper plating processes, they have the same chemical principle.
Sodium Hypophosphite's essence is also an electroless copper plating method to reduce the free copper ions in the copper plating solution to solid copper crystals and plate them on the surface of the substrate with the help of a suitable reducing agent.

Nowadays, the electroless copper plating process for Sodium Hypophosphite reduction is very similar to the electroless copper plating process for formaldehyde reduction, but the reaction mechanism is much more complicated.
This is because pure metallic copper has no catalytic activity for the oxidation reaction of Sodium Hypophosphite.

When using Sodium Hypophosphite as a reducing agent for electroless copper plating, it cannot achieve an autocatalytic electroless plating reaction through the copper particles and silver particles produced in the activation and sensitization stages like the formaldehyde system.
To make the electroless copper plating reaction of the Sodium Hypophosphite system continue, it is necessary to add a substance with catalytic activity for the electroless plating reaction.

The current way to solve this technical problem is to learn from the process principle of electroless nickel plating.
Nickel ions are added to the plating solution, and a copper plating layer containing a small amount of nickel is obtained through the co-deposition of metallic nickel and copper.
The deposited nickel particles can catalyze the reaction of Sodium Hypophosphite reducing Cu2+, so as to ensure the continuous progress of the electroless copper plating reaction, and finally obtain a high-quality copper coating.



METHODS OF MANUFACTURING, SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
Put the yellow phosphorus and slaked lime with a mass fraction ratio of 1:4 into the reactor in turn, add water to make a slurry, heat it up with stirring, until it reaches 90 ℃, keep it for a period of time, and stop the reaction when no gas is released.
Remove unreacted solids.

The filtrate is put into a stirred tank, and while stirring, carbon dioxide is bubbled into it, so that the calcium hydroxide dissolved in the filtrate generates calcium carbonate precipitation.
Then add the sodium pudding aqueous solution to get the decomposition reaction, and take a sample to measure the end point (take the clear liquid and add the sodium carbonate solution, if there is no turbidity, it means the end point is reached).

The material solution after the metathesis reaction is filtered to remove the calcium carbonate precipitate, and the filtrate is vacuum concentrated.
When it reaches 20°Bé, it is filtered to remove the calcium carbonate precipitate.

The solution is again concentrated in vacuum.
When the surface shows a crystalline film, the evaporation is stopped.
Put it into a crystallization tank for cooling, crystallize, centrifuge to remove the mother liquor, and dry to obtain a finished product.



PREPARATION METHOD OF SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
The yellow phosphorus is added to the reactor with milk of lime and sodium carbonate solution in an inert gas, and the dispersant is added.
The mixture is heated to 45~90 °c for reaction, and phosphine and hydrogen are released, by filtration, the filtrate was a sodium hypophosphite solution.
Carbon dioxide gas is introduced to remove calcium hydroxide dissolved therein, calcium carbonate is removed by filtration, an arsenic removing agent and a heavy metal removing agent are added to the filtrate to perform solution purification, and impurities such as arsenic and heavy metals are removed by filtration.

The filtrate can be concentrated by vacuum evaporation, cooled crystallization and centrifuged.
Alternatively, yellow phosphorus is reacted with hydrated lime and water in a reactor at 98 ° C.
To form calcium hypophosphite, and then carbon dioxide is introduced to further remove a small amount of calcium hydroxide.
Sodium hypophosphite solution is added to the calcium hypophosphite solution to react to form sodium hypophosphite, which is then purified by removing arsenic and heavy metals, and finally a sodium hypophosphite product is prepared by cooling crystallization and centrifugal separation.



PRODUCTION METHOD OF SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
sodium carbonate was used to neutralize hypophosphorous acid.
The yellow phosphorus reacts with hydrated lime and water to form calcium hypophosphite, which is then metathesized with soda ash.
The ratio of mass fraction of 1: 4 of yellow phosphorus and slaked lime are sequentially put into the reaction kettle, and water is added to form a slurry, and the mixture is heated and heated until 90 ℃, and the reaction is maintained for a period of time, the reaction was stopped in the absence of gas evolution.

Unreacted solids were removed.
The filtrate was placed in a stirred tank and bubbled with carbon dioxide while stirring to precipitate calcium hydroxide dissolved in the filtrate to form calcium carbonate.

Then, the decomposition reaction was carried out by adding aqueous solution of sodium pudding, and the endpoint was measured after 0.5~1 h of reaction (clear liquid was taken and sodium carbonate solution was added, if there was no turbidity, the endpoint was reached).
After the double decomposition reaction, the solution was filtered to remove the calcium carbonate precipitate, and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuum.

When the temperature reached 20 ° Bé, the calcium carbonate precipitate was removed by re-filtration, and the solution was concentrated in vacuum again, evaporation was stopped when a crystalline film was present on the surface.
Into the crystallization tank cooling, crystallization, centrifugal removal of mother liquor, drying to sodium hypophosphite.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
Chemical formula: NaPO2H2
Molar mass: 87.98 g/mol (anhydrous), 105.99 g/mol (monohydrate)
Appearance: white solid
Density: 0.8 g/cm3 (monohydrate)
Melting point: 310 °C (590 °F; 583 K) (monohydrate)
Solubility in water: soluble
Solubility: Ethanol, Acetic acid, Ethylene glycol, Propylene glycol
Appearance: White crystal powder
Clarity and color of water (10w/v%): Clear
pH (5w/v%): 6.0-7.0
Na2HPO3 ≦: 0.3%
Cl ≦ 50ppm
SO4 ≦ 100ppm
As ≦ 0.5ppm
Heavy-metal(Pb) ≦ 2ppm
Fe ≦ 1ppm
Ca ≦ 50ppm
NaH2PO2・H2O 102%-105%
Molecular Weight: 85.962 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 85.95336052 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 85.95336052 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 40.1Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 4
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 13.5
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Flash Point: 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. ) (est)
Soluble in: water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Physical state: crystalline
Color: white
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: >= 238 °C at 1.013 hPa
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: 239 °C
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 6,0 - 8,0 at 20 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 909 g/l at 30 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
Not applicable for inorganic substances
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 1,77 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available

Chemical formula: NaPO2H2 (anhydrous)
NaPO2H2·H2O (monohydrate)
Molar mass: 87.98 g/mol (anhydrous)
105.99 g/mol (monohydrate)
Appearance: Deliquescent white solid
Odor: Odorless
Density: 1.77 g/cm3 (monohydrate)
Melting point: 310 °C (590 °F; 583 K) (monohydrate) (decomposes)
Boiling point: Decomposes
Solubility in water: 90 g/100 ml (20 °C)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in aq. ammonia, ethanol, ethylene glycol, methanol
Poorly soluble in propylene glycol
Solubility in ethylene glycol: 33.0 g/100 g (25 °C)
Solubility in propylene glycol: 9.7 g/100 g (25 °C)
Vapor pressure: ~0 mmHg
Color: Colorless
Flash point: Not applicable
Form: Solid
Grade: Reagent Grade
Purity Percentage: 98.00
Purity Details: 98.00-101.00%
Solubility in Water: Completely soluble
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
pH-Value: 6.0-8.0 (20 °C)
Product Line: Puriss.
Storage Temperature: Ambient

Molecular Formula: H2NaO2P
Molar Mass: 87.98
Density: 1.77 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Water Solubility: 909g/L at 30℃
Merck: 13,8703
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Assay: 98%
Density: 800 kg/m3 (lit)
Melting point: 90oC (lit)
CBNumber:CB5348000
Molecular Formula: H2NaO2P
Molecular Weight: 87.98
MDL Number: MFCD09265474
MOL File: 7681-53-0.mol
Density: 1.77 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Water Solubility: 909g/L at 30℃
Merck: 13,8703
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: ZGKNDXOLMOFEJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Appearance: A white crystalline powder,Highly soluble in water
Sodium Phosphite: 0.5%
Calcium Max.: 30 PPM
Sulphat: Max. 30 PPM
Chloride: Max. 30 PPM
Arsenic: Max. 1 PPM
Iron: Max. 1 PPM
Lead: Max. 1 PPM
Ph: 6.0 to 8.0
Assay: 99.5% to 101%
PSA: 40.1
XLogP3: 0.08820
Appearance: odorless white crystals
Density: 1.388
Melting Point: Decomposes above 238 deg C (OECD Guideline 102)
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble in ammonia and ammonium hydroxide
Storage Conditions: Keep well closed.
Taste: Bittersweet, saline taste



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13:
Non Combustible Solids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
Sodium phosphinate
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE
Sodium phosphinate
Sodium hydrophosphite
Sodium phosphenite
Natriumhypophosphit [German]
Phosphinic acid monosodium salt
Sodium phosphinate (NaH2PO2)
HSDB 6032
Sodium hypophosphite (NaH2PO2)
Hypophosphorous acid monosodium salt
EINECS 231-669-9
Sodium hydrogen phosphite (NaH2PO2)
H2O2P.Na
oxido(oxo)phosphanium
H3-O2-P.Na
CHEMBL2146115
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE [MI]
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE [FCC]
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE [HSDB]
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE [WHO-DD]
AKOS025244065
LS-145540
Q2090740
Sodium phosphenite
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, sodium phosphinate
SHP
Chemical na-47
sodiumphosphinate
sodium phosphinate
sodiummonophosphate
Sodium Hypophosphite
sodiumhydrophosphite
sodium monophosphate
Phosphinicacid,sodiumsalt
sodiumphosphinate(nah2po2)
phosphinicacidmonosodiumsalt
Phosphinic acid, sodium salt
sodiumhydrogenphosphite(nah2po2)
Sodium hypophosphite
phosphinicacidmonosodiumsalt
Chemicalna-47
sodiumphosphinate
SodiuM phosphenite
sodiummonophosphate
natriumhypophosphit
sodiumhydrophosphite
Sodium Hypophosphite
SodiumHypophosphiteGr
Phosphinic acid,sodium salt (1:1)
Phosphinic acid,sodium salt
Sodium hypophosphite (NaH2PO2)
Monosodium hypophosphite
Phosphinic acid monosodium salt
Sodium phosphinate
Hypophosphorous acid monosodium salt
Sodium hydrogen phosphite (NaH2PO2)
Sodium hydrophosphite
Sodium phosphinate (NaH2PO2)
Sodium hypophosphite
Sodium phosphate (NaH2PO2)
Sodium phosphinite
Crosslink WC 205
14529-89-6
15883-32-6
174571-46-1
1007476-22-3
Phosphinicacid, sodium salt (8CI,9CI)
Sodium hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) (7CI)
Crosslink WC205
Hypophosphorous acid monosodium salt
Monosodium hypophosphite
Phosphinicacid monosodium salt
Sodium hydrogen phosphite (NaH2PO2)
Sodiumhydrophosphite
Phosphinicacid, sodium salt (1:1)
Sodium phosphate (NaH2PO2)
Sodiumphosphinate
Sodium phosphinate (NaH2PO2)
Sodium phosphinite
Sodium hypophosphite (NaH2PO2)
Sodiuhypophos





SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE (NaH2PO2)
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is also known as sodium phosphinate
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is soluble in water, and easily absorbs moisture from the air.


CAS NUMBER: 7681-53-0

EC NUMBER: -

MOLECULAR FORMULA: NaH2PO2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 87.98 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: sodium;dihydroxyphosphanide


Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is often encountered as the monohydrate, NaPO2H2·H2O.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a solid at room temperature, appearing as odorless white crystals.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) should be kept in a cool, dry place, isolated from oxidizing materials.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) decomposes into phosphine which is irritating to the respiratory tract and disodium phosphate.
2 NaH2PO2 → PH3 + Na2HPO4

Like other hypophosphites, Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) can reduce metal ions back into base metal.
This forms the basis for electroless nickel plating (Ni-P), which is its main industrial application.
With this method, a durable nickel-phosphorus film can coat objects with irregular surfaces, such as in avionics, aviation and the petroleum field.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is capable of reducing nickel ions in solution to metallic nickel on metal substrates as well as on plastic substrates.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a high purity
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a clear colorless liquid

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is an effective reducing agent and antioxidant.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used in the surface finishing industry for electroless nickel plating (Ni-P), which has the benefits of uniform plating thickness on metal objects, ceramics, and plastics.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is also used as a catalyst for polymerization reactions and in the fiber glass industry.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) acts as a stabilizer for polymers during thermal processing and extrusion.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a source of electrons used for resin regeneration of Ion Exchange Resins.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) Monohydrate is also called sodium phosphinate

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is the most common form of Sodium Hypophosphite (SHP)
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a chemical reducing agent with applications as an electroplating agent

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used as a polymerization catalyst and polymer stabilizer
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) can be used as a flame retardant, and regenerating agent for ion exchange resins.

Like other hypophosphites, Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) can reduce metal ions back into base metal.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is capable of reducing nickel ions in solution to metallic nickel on metal substrates as well as on plastic substrates.

Application Areas
-Electroplating
-Electronics
-Automotive
-Water treatment
-Chemical manufacturing

Electrochemical Nickel Plating and Electroless Nickel Plating:
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used in electrochemical nickel plating and the Electroless Nickel (EN) process.
The EN process with Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) produces a uniform plating thickness on metals and other materials, such as ceramics and plastics.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is widely used as a reducing agent for the Electroless Nickel Plating in the electronics and automotive industry.

Industrial Applications:
In chemical processing, Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used as a raw material for the production of hypophosphorous acid, as well as, a reducing agent and antioxidant.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a polymerization catalyst for acrylic acid-based polymers.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used as a stabilizer for polymers during extrusion and other thermal processing.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used in the preparation of fire retardants
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) can be used as a partial fire retardant.

Water Treatment:
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used in water treatment to reduce the metal ion content in industrial wastewater prior to discharge.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is an effective reducing agent for the removal of Nickel, Copper, and Iron.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a source of electrons used for resin regeneration of Ion Exchange Resins.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a chemical reducer obtained from the reaction of phosphorous with caustic soda and lime.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is mainly used in electrochemical nickel plating applications, whitening agent and as catalysts in the fiber-glass industry.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a white crystalline solid or granular material
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is soluble in water and has the chemical formula NaH2PO2.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used as an analytical reagent
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used as a pH buffer and reducing agent.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) reacts with hydrogen fluoride to form phosphorous acid
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) can be used to produce phosphoric acid.

In this reaction, Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) acts as a reducing agent because it transfers its electrons to hydrogen fluoride.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) can also be used to reduce phosphorus pentoxide to form phosphorus oxide.


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 87.978 g/mol

-Exact Mass: 87.96901058 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 87.96901058 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 40.5Ų

-Physical Description: White granules or crystals

-Color: Colorless to White

-Form: Solid

-Taste: Bittersweet, saline taste

-Melting Point: 310 °C

-Solubility: Soluble in water

-Density: 1.77

-Decomposition: Decomposes when heated


Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used for electroless nickel plating agent and water treatment agent.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is also used in petroleum fields.

Further, Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used as a food additive.
In addition, Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) reduces nickel ions in solution to metallic nickel on metal substrates as well as on plastic substrates.


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3

-Rotatable Bond Count: 0

-Heavy Atom Count: 4

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 6

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

-Chemical Classes: Other Classes -> Phosphite Compounds


Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a white, odorless, deliquescent granular powder
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) has a saline taste.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is also prepared as colorless, pearly crystalline plates.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is soluble in water, alcohol, and glycerol.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is prepared by neutralization of hypophosphorous acid or by direct aqueous alkaline hydrolysis of white phosphorus.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used as an emulsifier or stabilizer

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used in cod-liver oil emulsions at levels not to exceed current good manufacturing practice.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used in food with no limitations

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a solid at room temperature, appearing as odorless white crystals.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) acts as a reducing agent for electroless nickel plating application, which finds its usage in the electronics and automotive industry.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used for electroless nickel plating agent and water treatment agent.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is also used in petroleum fields
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is very soluble in water, in alcohol and glycerine

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is practically insoluble in ether.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used as a catalyst in different areas

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used in the following products:
-pH regulators
-water treatment products
-polymers
-metal surface treatment products
-non-metal-surface treatment products
-welding & soldering products

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used for the manufacture of:
-chemicals
-plastic products
-rubber products
-electrical
-electronic and optical equipment
-machinery and vehicles
-textile,
-leather or fur
-wood and wood products
-pulp, paper and paper products
-fabricated metal products

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a solid at room temperature, appearing as odorless white crystals.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a high purity

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a clear colorless liquid
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used in the surface finishing industry for electroless nickel plating (Ni-P), which has the benefits of uniform plating thickness on metal objects, ceramics, and plastics.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is also used as a catalyst for polymerization reactions and in the fiber glass industry.
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) acts as a stabilizer for polymers during thermal processing and extrusion.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used as a polymerization catalyst and polymer stabilizer
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used as a stabilizer for polymers during extrusion and other thermal processing.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used in the preparation of fire retardants
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) can be used as a partial fire retardant.

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a white crystalline solid or granular material
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is soluble in water

Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is used as an analytical reagent
Sodium Hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) can be used to produce phosphoric acid.


SYNONYMS:

SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE
Sodium phosphenite
sodium;oxido(oxo)phosphanium
CHEMBL2146115
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE
AKOS025244065
Q2090740
Sodium hypophosphite
phosphinicacidmonosodiumsalt
Chemicalna-47
sodiumphosphinate
SodiuM phosphenite
sodiummonophosphate
natriumhypophosphit
sodiumhydrophosphite
Sodium Hypophosphite
SodiumHypophosphite
7681-53-0 [RN]
Hypophosphorous acid monosodium salt
MFCD09265474
Monosodium hypophosphite
Natriumphosphinat
Phosphinate de sodium
Sodium hypophosphite
sodium phosphinate
WB5950000
10039-56-2 [RN]
Natriumhypophosphit
Phosphinic acid monosodium salt
Phosphinic acid, sodium salt
Sodium hydrophosphite



SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE (PHOSPHINIC ACID, SODIUM SALT)
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is a white crystalline, hydroscopic property and deliquescent
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is soluble in water and alcohol.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) can be used as a food additive.


CAS NUMBER: 7681-53-0

EC NUMBER: -

MOLECULAR FORMULA: NaH2PO2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 87.98 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: sodium;dihydroxyphosphanide



Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is mainly used as reducing agent for electroless plating.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates)

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) can also be used as interface activator, molecular weight regulator and heat stabilizer of synthetic resin
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is mainly used as reducing agent for electroless plating.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt)'s molecular formula is NaPO2H2
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is also known as sodium phosphinate
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is often encountered as the monohydrate, NaPO2H2·H2O.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is a solid at room temperature, appearing as odorless white crystals.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is soluble in water, and easily absorbs moisture from the air.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used in formulating many pharmaceutical products.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is a common reducing agent for metal plating.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is a critical ingredient of electroless nickel plating solutions.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used in the following products:
-pH regulators
-water treatment products
-polymers
-metal surface treatment products
-non-metal-surface treatment products
-welding & soldering products

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) acts as a reducing agent to supply the electrons necessary
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) used as a raw material in the production of other products, including Hypophosphorous Acid.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) can be as use as an analytical reagent.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) used as a catalyst in some polymerization reactions.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used in water treatment to reduce the metal ion content in industrial wastewater prior to discharge.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is an effective reducing agent for the removal of Nickel, Copper, and Iron.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is a source of electrons used for resin regeneration of Ion Exchange Resins.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used as a stabilizer to prevent degradation of polymers during extrusion or in other heated processing.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) may be used as a partial fire retardant.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used for the manufacture of:
-chemicals
-plastic products
-rubber products
-electrical
-electronic and optical equipment
-machinery and vehicles
-textile
-leather or fur
-wood and wood products
-pulp, paper and paper products
-fabricated metal products

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used as a water treatment agent and as a meat preservative.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used to prevent the discoloration of polymers.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used to manufacture hypophosphorous acid which has same application with Sodium Hypophosphite.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used as an electroless plating agent
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is widely used in electronics, machinery, petroleum, chemical, aviation, navigation, food and medicine and other industries.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) can be used as a water treatment
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used to preparation of various industrial preservatives and oil field scale inhibitors.

In chemical processing, Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used as a raw material for the production of hypophosphorous acid, as well as, a reducing agent and antioxidant.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is a polymerization catalyst for acrylic acid-based polymers.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used as a stabilizer for polymers during extrusion and other thermal processing.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used in the preparation of fire retardants and may be used as a partial fire retardant.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is also used in food, industrial boiler water additives.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) can be used as a catalyst for chemical reaction, stabilizer.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) can be used as antioxidant, anti-decolorization agent, dispersant, textile finishing and pharmaceutical industries.

USAGE:
*Pharmaceutic aid as antioxidant
*Retrieval of non-ferrous
*Ingredient of electroless plating solutions.
*Water treatment agent
*Meat preservative.
*Prevent the discoloration of polymers
*Production of chemicals


USES:
Like other hypophosphites, Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) can reduce metal ions back into base metal.
This forms the basis for electroless nickel plating (Ni-P), which is its main industrial application.
With this method, a durable nickel-phosphorus film can coat objects with irregular surfaces, such as in avionics, aviation and the petroleum field.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is capable of reducing nickel ions in solution to metallic nickel on metal substrates as well as on plastic substrates.
The latter requires that the substrate is activated with fine particles of palladium.

The resulting nickel deposit contains up to 15% phosphorus.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) has been investigated as a food additive.


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 87.978 g/mol

-Exact Mass: 87.96901058 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 87.96901058 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 40.5Ų

-Physical Description: White granules or crystals

-Color: Colorless to White

-Form: Solid

-Taste: Bittersweet, saline taste

-Melting Point: 310 °C

-Solubility: Soluble in water

-Density: 1.77

-Decomposition: Decomposes when heated


Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is a high purity
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is a clear colorless liquid
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is an effective reducing agent and antioxidant.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used in the surface finishing industry for electroless nickel plating (Ni-P), which has the benefits of uniform plating thickness on metal objects, ceramics, and plastics.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is also used as a catalyst for polymerization reactions and in the fiber glass industry.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) acts as a stabilizer for polymers during thermal processing and extrusion.


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3

-Rotatable Bond Count: 0

-Heavy Atom Count: 4

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 6

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

-Chemical Classes: Other Classes -> Phosphite Compounds


Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used as a polymerization catalyst and polymer stabilizer
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) can be used as a flame retardant, and regenerating agent for ion exchange resins.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used as a stabilizer for polymers during extrusion and other thermal processing.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used in the preparation of fire retardants

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) can be used as a partial fire retardant.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is a white crystalline solid or granular material

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is soluble in water and has the chemical formula NaH2PO2.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used as an analytical reagent

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used as a pH buffer and reducing agent.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) acts as a reducing agent for electroless nickel plating application, which finds its usage in the electronics and automotive industry.

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used for electroless nickel plating agent and water treatment agent.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is also used in petroleum fields

Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is very soluble in water, in alcohol and glycerine
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is practically insoluble in ether.
Sodium Hypophosphite (Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt) is used as a catalyst in different areas


SYNONYMS:

SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE
Phosphinic Acid, Sodium Salt
Sodium phosphenite
Sodium phosphenite
hypophosphorous acid monosodium salt
phosphinic acid monosodium salt
phosphinic acid sodium salt (1:1)
phosphinic acid, sodium salt
sodium hydrogen phosphite
sodium hydrogen phosphite (NaH2PO2)
sodium hydrophosphite
sodium phosphinate
Sodium Phosphenite
Sodium Phosphinate
7681-53-0
sodiummonophosphate
natriumhypophosphit
sodiumhydrophosphite
Sodium Hypophosphite
SodiumHypophosphite
7681-53-0
Hypophosphorous acid monosodium salt
Monosodium hypophosphite
Natriumphosphinat
Phosphinate de sodium
sodium;oxido(oxo)phosphanium
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE
Sodium hypophosphite
phosphinicacidmonosodiumsalt
Chemicalna-47
sodiumphosphinate
Sodium hypophosphite
sodium phosphinate
10039-56-2
Natriumhypophosphit
Hypophosphorous acid monosodium salt
Monosodium hypophosphite
Natriumhypophosphit
Phosphinic acid monosodium salt
Phosphinic acid, sodium salt
Phosphinic acid, sodium salt (1:1)
Sodium hydrogen phosphite (NaH2PO2)
Sodium hydrophosphite
Sodium hypophosphite
Sodium hypophosphite (NaH2PO2)
Sodium phosphinate
Sodium phosphinate
sodium phosphinate
Sodium phosphinate (NaH2PO2)
phosphinic acid, sodium salt
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE
Sodium Hypophosphite
Sodium hypophosphite
sodium hypophosphite
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE
Sodium hypophosphite
Phosphinic acid monosodium salt
Phosphinic acid, sodium salt
Sodium hydrophosphite

SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONOHYDRATE
DESCRIPTION:

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is an inorganic salt with the chemical formula NaH2PO2, monoclinic crystal or pearly crystal or white crystalline powder.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is easily soluble in water, ethanol, glycerin, slightly soluble in ammonia, ammonia water, and insoluble in ether.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is neutral in aqueous solution and has strong reducing properties.


CAS NUMBER: 10039-56-2

EC NUMBER: 600-090-7

MOLECULAR FORMULA: NaH2PO2 · H2O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 105.99



DESCRIPTION:

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is relatively stable when stored in a dry state, and rapidly decomposes when heated above 200°C, releasing toxic phosphine that can ignite spontaneously.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate will explode when exposed to strong heat, and will explode when mixed with potassium chlorate or other oxidants.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is a white crystalline powder; it is odourless and bitter.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is very soluble in water, in alcohol and glycerine, practically insoluble in ether.

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is used for electroless nickel plating agent and water treatment agent.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is also used in petroleum fields. Further, it is used as a food additive.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate reduces nickel ions in solution to metallic nickel on metal substrates as well as on plastic substrates.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate can be used as a reducing agent in the synthesis of nickel nanoparticles (NiNP) from nickel acetate tetrahydrate under microwave irradiation.

Hydrogen donor in the enantioselective transfer hydrogenation of aliphatic and aromatic ketones to corresponding alcohols in presence of ruthenium catalyst.
Catalyst in esterification of spent grain to improve heavy metal ions adsorption capacity using N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is used for electroless nickel plating.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is capable of reducing nickel ions in solution to metallic nickel on metal substrates as well as on plastic substrates.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is mainly used for electroless nickel plating.

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate can widely be used ionics, aviation and the petroleum field.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is also used as a food additive.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is a strong reducing agent, which can reduce the salts of gold, silver, mercury, nickel, chromium, diamond, etc. to a metallic state.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid and is often encountered as the monohydrate, NaPO2H2·H2O.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is a solid at room temperature, appearing as odorless white crystals.

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is soluble in water, and easily absorbs moisture from the air.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is used for electroless nickel plating agent and water treatment agent.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is also used in petroleum fields.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is used as a food additive.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate reduces nickel ions in solution to metallic nickel on metal substrates as well as on plastic substrates.

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is monohydrate, NaPO2H2·H2O.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is a solid at room temperature, appearing as odorless white crystals.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is soluble in water, and easily absorbs moisture from the air.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is mainly used for electroless nickel plating.

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate should be kept in a cool, dry place, isolated from oxidizing materials.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate decomposes into phosphine which is irritating to the respiratory tract and disodium phosphate.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate can reduce metal ions back into base metal.
This forms the basis for electroless nickel plating (Ni-P), which is its main industrial application.

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is capable of reducing nickel ions in solution to metallic nickel on metal substrates as well as on plastic substrates.
The latter requires that the substrate is activated with fine particles of palladium.
The resulting nickel deposit contains up to 15% phosphorus.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate acts as a reducing agent to supply the electrons necessary for the EN process.
The EN process allows for uniform plating thickness on not only metal objects, but also plastics and ceramics.

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is used as a raw material in the production of other products, including Hypophosphorous Acid.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate may be used in synthetic organic chemistry, especially in deamination via reduction of diazo derivatives.Reducing Agent
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate may be used as a reducing agent or antioxidant in chemical processing.

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is used as a catalyst in some polymerization reactions.Polymer Stabilizer
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is used as a stabilizer to prevent degradation of polymers during extrusion or in other heated processing.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate may be used as a partial fire retardant.



USAGE AREAS:

-Pharmaceutic aid as antioxidant
-Retrieval of non-ferrous
-Ingredient of electroless plating solutions.
-Water treatment agent
-Meat preservative.
-Prevent the discoloration of polymers
-Production of chemicals.



USAGE:

-Used as an electroless plating agent:

-Chemical Plating (Chemical Plating) is a technology to realize the metalization of non-conductor surfaces, which is widely used in surface modification, printed circuit manufacturing, electromagnetic shielding technology, electronic component packaging and other fields.
-The use of other reducing agents in the electroless copper plating solution to replace formaldehyde has been reported in the literature and patents.
The main alternative reducing agents are dimethylamine borane (DMAB), glyoxylic acid, and Sodium Hypophosphite.
-Among them, the electroless plating system using Sodium Hypophosphite as the reducing agent has the characteristics of low pH, low cost and relative safety, and has great development value and application prospects.



-Used as antiseptic and fresh-keeping agent:

-Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate can play a role in preservation and bacteriostasis, and it can preserve the freshness of fruits, vegetables and cut flowers.
-Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate has antiseptic preservation effect on meat, poultry and fish.
-Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate's products can also be used as food additives.



APPLICATIONS:

-Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate can be used to prepare various industrial preservatives and oilfield scale inhibitors, etc.
-Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is also used to make food industry boiler water additives, recover various metals from various electroless plating wastewater and remove chlorides and cyanates.
-Catalyst, stabilizer, preparation of polyamide polymer polyamide, speed up chemical reaction.
-Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate can also be used as a stabilizer for chemical reactions, bleaching of mechanical pulp, and a stabilizer for peroxides.
-Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is also used as an antioxidant, anti-bleaching agent, dispersant, textile finishing and medicine industries.



APPLICATIONS:

-Reducing agent in the synthesis of nickel nanoparticles (NiNP) from nickel acetate tetrahydrate under microwave irradiation.
-Hydrogen donor in the enantioselective transfer hydrogenation of aliphatic and aromatic ketones to corresponding alcohols in presence of ruthenium catalyst.
-Catalyst in esterification of spent grain to improve heavy metal ions adsorption capacity using N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Appearance: White Solid
-CAS Number: 10039-56-2
-Density: 0.8 g/cm3
-EINECS Number: 231-669-9
-InChI: 1S/Na.H3O2P.H2O/c;1-3-2;/h;3H2,(H,1,2);1H2/q+1;;/p-1
-InChIKey: PLZNPHDJGFDNRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M
-Melting Point: 90 °C
-Molar Mass: 105.99 g/mol
-Molecular Formula: NaH2PO2.H2O
-NFPA 704: H-1,F-0,R-1,C-NA
-RTECS Number: SZ5640000
-Solubility: 1000 g/l



SPECIFICATIONS:

-Density: 1.77g/cm3at20°C
-Merck: 13,8703
-Stability: Stable.Incompatiblewithstrongoxidizingagents.
-InChIKey: ZGKNDXOLMOFEJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M



HOW DOES IT WORK:

For Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate reduction electroless copper plating and other electroless copper plating processes, they have the same chemical principle.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate's essence is also an electroless copper plating method to reduce the free copper ions in the copper plating solution to solid copper crystals and plate them on the surface of the substrate with the help of a suitable reducing agent.
Nowadays, the electroless copper plating process for sodium hypophosphite reduction is very similar to the electroless copper plating process for formaldehyde reduction, but the reaction mechanism is much more complicated.

This is because pure metallic copper has no catalytic activity for the oxidation reaction of sodium hypophosphite.
When using it as a reducing agent for electroless copper plating, Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate cannot achieve an autocatalytic electroless plating reaction through the copper particles and silver particles produced in the activation and sensitization stages like the formaldehyde system.
To make the electroless copper plating reaction of the Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate system continue, it is necessary to add a substance with catalytic activity for the electroless plating reaction.

The current way to solve this technical problem is to learn from the process principle of electroless nickel plating.
Nickel ions are added to the plating solution, and a copper plating layer containing a small amount of nickel is obtained through the co-deposition of metallic nickel and copper.
The deposited nickel particles can catalyze the reaction of sodium hypophosphite reducing Cu2+, so as to ensure the continuous progress of the electroless copper plating reaction, and finally obtain a high-quality copper coating.



PROPERTIES:

-Assay: ≥99%
-form: powder, crystals or chunks
-solubility: water: 100 mg/mL, clear, colorless
-SMILES string: O.[Na+].[O-][PH2]=O
-InChI: 1S/Na.H3O2P.H2O/c;1-3-2;/h;3H2,(H,1,2);1H2/q+1;;/p-1
-InChI key: PLZNPHDJGFDNRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M



CHARACTERISTICS:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
-Rotatable Bond Count: 0
-Topological Polar Surface Area: 41.1Ų
-Heavy Atom Count: 5
-Complexity: 13.5
-Isotope Atom Count: 0
-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 105.99
-Appearance: White crystalline solid
-Bulk Density: 1.05 g/l
-Solubility in H2O: Soluble
-Exact Mass: 105.979575
-Monoisotopic Mass: 105.979575



CHARACTERISTICS:

-PSA: 41.1
-XLogP3: 0.02390
-Appearance: odorless white crystals at room temperature
-Density: 0.8 g/cm3 (20ºC)
-Melting Point: 90°C
-Water Solubility: H2O: 1000 g/L (20 ºC)



STORAGE:

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.



SYNONYM:

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate
Sodium hypophosphite hydrate
Sodium phosphinate hydrate
Sodium phosphenite hydrate
Fosfornan sodny [Czech]
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE EN GRADE
H2O2P.Na.H2O
H2-O2-P.Na.H2-O
DTXSID40143243
AKOS015911117
AKOS015912627
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE, MONOHYDRATE
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, >=99%
LS-106210
FT-0653627
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONOHYDRATE [MI]
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, puriss., 98.0%
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, puriss. p.a., Reag. Ph. Eur., >=99%
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, puriss., meets analytical specification of DAC, 99-103%
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, SAJ first grade, 80.0-86.0% anhydrous basis
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, SAJ special grade, 82.0-86.0% anhydrous basis
sodium hypophosphite hydrate
sodium phosphinate hydrate
sodium phosphenite hydrate
sodium hypophosphite en grade
sodium hydrate hypophosphite
sodium hypophosphite monohydrate 250g
phosphinic acid sodium salt monohydrate
sodium hypophosphite monohydrate
phosphonous acid monosodium salt monohydrate
sodium hypophosphite monohydrate





IUPAC NAME:

phosphinic acid, sodium salt
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE
Sodium Hypophosphite
Sodium hypophosphite
sodium hypophosphite
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE
Sodium hypophosphite
sodium phosphinat
Sodium phosphinate
sodium Phosphinate
sodium phosphinate
Sodium phosphinate
Sodium pophosphinate






























SODIUM ISETHIONATE
SODIUM ISOBUTYLPARABENN° CAS : 84930-15-4Origine(s) : SynthétiqueNom INCI : SODIUM ISOBUTYLPARABENNom chimique : Sodium isobutyl 4-oxidobenzoateN° EINECS/ELINCS : 284-595-4Classification : Paraben, Perturbateur endocrinien suspecté, Règlementé, Conservateur, Interdit en EuropeRestriction en Europe : II/1375La concentration maximale autorisée dans les préparations cosmétiques prêtes à l'emploi est de :- 0,4 % (en acide) pour un ester- 0,8 % (en acide) pour les mélanges d'estersSes fonctions (INCI)Antimicrobien : Aide à ralentir la croissance de micro-organismes sur la peau et s'oppose au développement des microbes
SODIUM ISETHIONATE
SODIUM ISETHIONATE = 2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT = SODIUM 2-HYDROXYETHANESULPHONATE


CAS Number: 1562-00-1
EC Number: 216-343-6
MDL number: MFCD00007534
Molecular Formula: C2H5NaO4S
Linear Formula: HOCH2CH2SO3Na


Sodium isethionate is a colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.
Made through the ethoxylation of sodium sulfites, Sodium isethionate is key in the Home Care and I&I and Personal Care industries.
Sodium isethionate is a colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.
Sodium isethionate is synthesized by the condensation reaction of sodium bisulfite and ethylene oxide.


Sodium Isethionate is the main material for the product of Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate.
Sodium isethionate — also known as sodium Cocoyl isethionate — is a sodium salt derived from coconut oil.
Sodium isethionate’s a common replacement for animal-derived sodium salts like sodium tallowate, which is derived from cattle and sheep.
Sodium isethionate is white crystalline powder.


Sodium isethionate is the sodium salt of the fatty acid from coconuts.
Sodium isethionate can be synthesized from oil /fatty acids and alcohol such as methanol.
Sodium isethionate's a key ingredient in shampoos because it has excellent cleansing and foaming properties and works well with most surfactants and non-ionic formulations.


Sodium isethionate also provides moisture retention to hair by preventing drying and flyaway effects after washing, making hair appear shiny and healthy.
Sodium isethionate is an essential ingredient used to manufacture shampoo products.
Sodium isethionate has excellent sulfonation ability & it's easy to form stable emulsions with other surfactants like anionic detergent or cationic polymers.


This makes Sodium isethionate suitable for producing all types of shampoos, even high foaming types containing non-ionic surfactants and electrolytes.
With constant innovation in product development, manufacturers are always looking for new and more gentle care formulas.
Therefore, milder surfactants such as Sodium isethionate are becoming more and more important in the future of hair formulations.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM ISETHIONATE:
Sodium isethionate works as an amphoteric detergent and can also be used as an intermediate in preparing surfactants derived from fatty acid sulfoalkyl esters (acyloxy ethane sulfonate).
Sodium isethionate increases the formulation's stability, improves the detergency in hard water, and is smooth to the skin.
These features are commonly used in the Home Care and I&I, and Personal Care markets in soap and shampoo formulations.


Sodium isethionate's benefits in the final product are highly appreciated by consumers, such as abundant foam and reduced soap residue on the skin, in addition to being a major antistatic agent in shampoos.
Sodium isethionate is an amphoteric detergent used in detergent bar soaps.
Sodium isethionate makes a dense lather in addition to the lather made by the soap.


Sodium isethionate works equally well in soft or hard water.
Sodium isethionate is also an anti-static agent in shampoos.
Sodium isethionate works as an amphoteric detergent and can also be used as an intermediate in preparing surfactants derived from fatty acid sulfoalkyl esters (acyloxy ethane sulfonate).


Sodium isethionate increases the formulation's stability, improves the detergency in hard water, and is smooth to the skin.
Sodium isethionate is used in cleaning/washing agents, disinfectants, cosmetics, surface-active agents, shampoos, and bubble baths.
Sodium isethionate is used for wetting coal dust and as a sulfoethylating agent in organic synthesis.
Sodium isethionate is used in cleaning/washing agents, disinfectants, cosmetics, surface-active agents, shampoos, and bubble baths.


Sodium isethionate can also be used as the intermediate of shampoo, paste shampoo & detergent in daily chemical industry.
Sodium isethionate is used as the pharmaceutical raw materials, the intermediate of fine chemical products.
Sodium isethionate is used as the intermediate of Shampoo, Paste Shampoo, & detergent in daily chemical industry, Pharmaceutical raw materials, and the intermediate of Fine Chemical Products.


Basically, Sodium isethionate helps water cling to the dirt and oil on your skin, allowing it to be washed away.
Because of Sodium isethionate’s mild nature, it’s often found in toothpastes and in baby soaps.
This is Sodium isethionate that you could learn to recognize if you prefer not to use animal ingredients in your soap.
It’s a gentle, plant-based product that works just as well as animal-based products!


Sodium isethionate helps stabilize the lather in shampoo formulas, which means that it doesn't degrade as quickly as other types of sulfates during formula development or storage.
This leads to longer shelf life for the shampoo.
Here are the importance of Sodium isethionate in shampoo.


Sodium isethionate in Shampoo Is a Good Cleansing Agent.
Sodium isethionate has good biodegradability, thickening, or foam boosting properties.
Sodium isethionate can produce a rich lather that rinses easily and thoroughly.
A large amount of cleansing agent in Sodium isethionate makes it an excellent choice for many different types of shampoos.


Sodium isethionate forms a thick uniform bubble without a flake in the shampoo base, enhancing the smoothness of massaging when washing hair.
Due to these properties, Sodium isethionate ensures the no-flake guarantee in shampoo manufacture when used together with other ingredients such as anionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant, or cationic surfactant.
At the same times, Sodium isethionate is used widely in the field of washing products.


Sodium isethionate is used as surfactant intermediates, daily chemical and pharmaceutical intermediates
Sodium isethionate acts as a surfactant in soaps and cleansers — Sodium isethionate lowers the surface tension of water, which makes the cleanser easier to spread on your face when you wash it, and helps water and oil bond.
Sodium isethionate is mild on the skin, and non-drying.


-Excellent Formula stability:
Sodium isethionate has excellent shelf-life properties, which the other types of sulfates do not have, mainly because it has higher HLB than most Anionic Surfactants, and Sodium isethionate's less sensitive to pH change than ordinary fatty acid soaps such as Oleic acid and ricinoleic acid.
Sodium isethionate also can increase the viscosity of shampoo, which results in stability during formulation and production.


-Anti-irritant:
Sodium isethionate has anti-irritant properties, reduces skin irritation caused by other surfactants, including other sulfates such as Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES) and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS).


-Purity & Cost Saving:
Sodium isethionate materials are derived from natural fats and oils with extremely high purity, reducing purification cost compared to using SLES or SLS.
Sodium isethionate's also less expensive than most chains similar ingredients due to its high yield when produced through the electrolytic process or chemical synthesis method.


-Easy Dispersion:
Sodium isethionate has good salt resistance, so it is very stable and easy to disperse with other surfactants or active ingredients such as vitamins and proteins.
Sodium isethionate can be used to produce clear shampoo without any cloudiness, even when formulated with a high amount of water-soluble components such as Electrolytes and preservatives.


-Good Compatibility:
Sodium isethionate forms a stable emulsion with most anionic, amphoteric, and non-ionic formulations.
For example, Sodium isethionate's compatible with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), producing synergistic effects on cleansing power in formulas containing both SLS & SCI.
Sodium isethionate easily combines to form a homogenous mixture within the total system without phase separation for the most sensitive skin formula.


-Defoamer Compatibility:
Sodium isethionate in shampoo can keep emulsions stable with defoamer during the formulation process, which reduces the danger of defoaming agent wasting & flushing out by its superior salt resistance & low counter ion (CI) value ( 1mmol /kg).
Therefore Sodium isethionate is an important defoaming agent in the shampoo formula, which helps prevent the risk of causing foam instability.


-Rich Lather Shampoo Base:
Sodium isethionate has good foaming properties & compatibility with most other surfactants.
When combined with other key ingredients such as primary and secondary alkanolamides or salts, Sodium isethionate works well to increase the overall lather in a shampoo formula.
As a result, Sodium isethionate provides smooth and rich lather in soap shampoos.


-Hair Conditioning Agent:
When Sodium isethionate is used in shampoo formulas together with cationic polymers such as Polyquaternium-10 or Gu Hydroxypropyl Trimonium Chloride, Sodium isethionate can give excellent hair conditioning effects in leave-on shampoo.


-Anti-static Agent:
Sodium isethionate works effectively as an anti-static agent in high pH products to stabilize the formula against the insoluble salt formation.
Therefore, Sodium isethionate can produce conditioner with good stability & texture without any stickiness or flaking for all hair types.


-Thickeners Compatibility:
Sodium isethionate forms stable emulsions with other natural thickeners such as xanthan gum or guar gum.
This means Sodium isethionate can be used to produce thickening shampoo without any phase separation.


-Self-Emulsifying Properties:
Sodium isethionate's self-emulsifying ability helps reduce the amount of secondary surfactant required for oil in water (O/W) type formula production.
Sodium isethionate helps form very fine "nano" sized particles easily dispersed into the hair and scalp, leaving behind an almost clear residue on the hair shafts.
This allows Sodium isethionate to penetrate deep inside hair follicles, reducing hair fall and giving a silky feel after rinsing off shampoo.


-Scalp Care:
Sodium isethionate has excellent skin compatibility, leaving behind a soft feeling on hair and scalp after use.
Sodium isethionate can also be used as an anti-dandruff agent due to its mild cleansing properties that won't cause irritation or dryness of the scalp.



HOW DOES SODIUM ISETHIONATE WORK IN CLEANERS?
An ancient legend claims that Roman women discovered the benefits of soap because their clothes came out cleaner when washed in a particular part of the Tiber River.
The reason why has to do with basic chemistry.
Animals were sacrificed on a mountain above the river, producing animal-based sodium salts -- an excellent, naturally occurring cleaning agent.

Rain and gravity then did their job, washing the sodium-rich animal tallow and ash from the mountaintop down into the riverbed soil.
Nowadays, we don't have to rely on the animal-sacrifice-and-gravity method -- in fact, we don't have to rely on animals at all.
There is a wide array of vegetable-based products that produce squeaky-clean results as well.
Sodium isethionate is just one example.



WHAT DOES SODIUM ISETHIONATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Antistatic
*Cleansing
*Hair conditioning
*Skin conditioning



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM ISETHIONATE:
Molecular Weight: 148.12
Molecular Weight: 148.12
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 147.98062409
Monoisotopic Mass: 147.98062409
Topological Polar Surface Area: 85.8 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 8
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 122

Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C2H5NaO4S = 148.11
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
Store Under Inert Gas: Store under inert gas

Condition to Avoid: Hygroscopic
CAS RN: 1562-00-1
Reaxys Registry Number: 3633992
PubChem Substance ID: 87570669
Melting point: 191-194 °C(lit.)
Density: 1762.7[at 20℃]
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: H2O: 0.1 g/mL, clear, colorless
form:Fine Powder
color: White

PH: 7.0-11.0 (20g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
BRN: 3633992
Stability: Stable. Hygroscopic.
LogP: -4.6 at 20℃
Density: 1762.7[at 20℃]
Melting Point: 191-194°C(lit.)
Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
Solubility: H2O: 0.1g/mL, clear, colorless
Appearance: White crystal
Color: White
Appearance (20°C): Appearance: Crystal-Powder

Color: Off-white
Odor : Odorless
pH: No data available
Melting point : 194°C
Boiling point/boiling range No data available
Flash point : No data
Explosive properties Lower
explosion limit: No data
Explosive Upper limit: no data available
Density : no data available
Solubility:
[water] soluble in
[other solvents] no data available



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM ISETHIONATE:
-Skin Contact:
Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Wash gently with plenty of soap and water.
-If skin irritation or rash occurs:
Get medical advice/attention.
-Eye Contact:
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if convenient and easy to do.
Continue to wash.
-In case of eye irritation:
Get medical advice/attention.
-Ingestion:
Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM ISETHIONATE:
-Environmental Measures:
Prevent from entering sewers.
-Methods and materials for control and cleaning:
Be careful not to scatter.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM ISETHIONATE:
-Suitable Extinguishing Media:
Dry chemical, foam, water spray, carbon dioxide
-Specific method:
Non-related personnel should be evacuated to a safe place.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM ISETHIONATE:
-Engineering control:
Install showers and eyewash stations .
-Personal protective equipment:
*Respiratory protection:
Follow local and government regulations.
*Hand protection:
Protective gloves.
*Eye Protection:
Safety goggles.
Wear a mask if the situation requires it.
*Skin and Body Protection:
Protective clothing.
Wear protective boots if situation requires.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM ISETHIONATE:
-Handling:
*Technical measures:
Handle in a well-ventilated area.
Wear suitable protective equipment.
Wash hands.
-Storage
Storage Conditions:
Keep container tightly closed.
Store in a cool, dark place.
Store under an inert gas atmosphere.
Moisture-proof.
-Packaging materials:
In accordance with the law.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM ISETHIONATE:
-Chemical stability:
Generally stable.
-Possibility of Hazardous Reactions:
No specific reactivity reported.



SYNONYMS:
SODIUM ISETHIONATE
1562-00-1
Isethionic acid sodium salt
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
Sodium hydroxyethylsulfonate
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt
Sodium beta-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, sodium salt
3R36J71C17
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1)
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulphonate
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate
HSDB 5838
NSC-124283
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
EINECS 216-343-6
MFCD00007534
NSC 124283
sodium;2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
ISETHIONATE, SODIUM SALT
UNII-3R36J71C17
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt
isethionic acid sodium
2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonate
DSSTox_CID_7413
EC 216-343-6
sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate
DSSTox_RID_78445
DSSTox_GSID_27413
Isethionic acid, sodium salt
Istethionic Acid Sodium Salt
SCHEMBL125497
CHEMBL172191
DTXSID7027413
Sodium 2-Hydroxy-Ethanesulfonate
SODIUM ISETHIONATE
Isethionic acid sodium salt, 98%
HY-Y1173
2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid; sodium
Tox21_200227
AKOS015912506
NCGC00257781-01
CAS-1562-00-1
SODIUM 2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONIC ACID
CS-0017163
FT-0627314
H0241
A809723
J-009283
Q1969744
F1905-7166
2-Hydroxy Ethanesulphonic Acid Sodium Salt
Isethionic Acid Sodium Salt
Ethanol Sulphonic Acid Sodium Salt
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic Acid Sodium Salt
Isethionic Acid Sodium Salt
Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-HYDROXY- MONOSODIUM SALT ETHANESULFONIC ACID
2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT
ETHANESULFONIC ACID 2-HYDROXY-, MONOSODIUM SALT
ETHANESULFONIC ACID
2-HYDROXY-, SODIUM SALT
ETHANESULFONIC ACID, 2HYDROXY
MONOSODIUM SALT, MONOSODIUM SALT ETHANESULFONIC ACID
2-HYDROXY-, SODIUM 2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONIC ACID
SODIUM 2-HYDROXYETHANESULPHONATE
SODIUM ISETHIONATE
SODIUM SALT 2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONIC ACID
ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM SALT
sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate
phonic acid
2-HydroxyethanesuL
ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM
2-hydroxyethyl sulfonate
Sodiumhydroxyethylsulfonate
2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONIC ACID
SODIUM 2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONATE
HYDROXYETHYLSULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt
Isethionic acid sodium salt
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethyl sulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate
Sodium beta-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Sodium hydroxyethylsulfonate
phonic acid
2-HydroxyethanesuL
Sodium isethionate
2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Isethionic acid, sodium salt
Sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate
sodium2-hydroxyethylsulfonate
sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
sodium2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethansulfonsure, Na-Salz
sodiumbeta-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, sodium salt
Ethanesulfonicacid,2-hydroxy-,monosodiumsalt
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt

SODIUM ISETHIONATE (SODIUM 2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONATE)
Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is the sodium salt of 2-hydroxyethane sulfonic acid (isethionic acid), it is used as a hydrophilic head group in washing-active surfactants, known as isethionates (acyloxyethanesulfonates) due to its strong polarity and resistance to multivalent ions.
Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is being studied as a high production volume chemical in the "High Production Volume (HPV) Chemical Challenge Program" of the US Environmental Protection Ministry EPA.
From Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) the so-called biological buffers such as HEPES, MES, PIPES etc. are easily accessible.

CAS: 1562-00-1
MF: C2H5NaO4S
MW: 148.11
EINECS: 216-343-6

Synonyms
sodium2-hydroxyethylsulfonate;sodiumbeta-hydroxyethanesulfonate;Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1);2-HydroxyethanesuL;phonic acid;Ethanesulfonicacid,2-hydroxy-,monosodiumsalt;sodium2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate;2-Hydroxyethansulfonsure, Na-Salz
;SODIUM ISETHIONATE;1562-00-1;Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate;Isethionic acid sodium salt;2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt;Sodium hydroxyethylsulfonate;Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt;MFCD00007534;Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1);Sodium beta-hydroxyethanesulfonate;2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, sodium salt;DTXSID7027413;3R36J71C17;Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate; Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate; Sodium 2-;hydroxyethanesulfonate;Sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate;Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulphonate;HSDB 5838;NSC-124283;Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate;Sodium 2hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate;C2H5NaO4S;EINECS 216-343-6;NSC 124283;sodium;2-hydroxyethanesulfonate;UNII-3R36J71C17;Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt;EC 216-343-6;2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt (SHES);sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate;Isethionic acid, sodium salt;SCHEMBL125497;CHEMBL172191;DTXCID007413;ISETHIONATE, SODIUM SALT;Sodium 2-Hydroxy-Ethanesulfonate;SODIUM ISETHIONATE [HSDB];Isethionic acid sodium salt, 98%;HY-Y1173;2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid; sodium;Tox21_200227;AKOS015912506;NCGC00257781-01;CAS-1562-00-1;SODIUM 2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONIC ACID;CS-0017163;H0241;NS00078178;G74509;A809723;J-009283;Q1969744;F1905-7166

Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 191-194 °C(lit.)
Density: 1762.7[at 20℃]
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility H2O: 0.1 g/mL, clear, colorless
Form: Fine Powder
Color: White
PH: 7.0-11.0 (20g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
BRN: 3633992
Stability: Stable. Hygroscopic. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids.
LogP: -4.6 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 1562-00-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) (1562-00-1)

Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is a colorless, free-flowing, non-hygroscopic solid, which dissolves readily in water and has good biodegradability.
Due to the method of synthesis samples often contain traces of Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) or sodium hydrogen sulfite causing aqueous solution to possesses a mildly alkaline pH of about 10.
Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate)e is a colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.
Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is an organic salt and an important intermediate for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and daily chemicals.

Use
The main use of Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is the production of the isethionate class of surfactants.
These are readily foaming and particularly mild, making them suitable for cleaning sensitive skin and are therefore mainly used in baby soaps and shampoos.
Because of its pronounced skin compatibility Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is added to soaps and liquid skin cleansers with up to 15 parts by weight.
From Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) the so-called biological buffers such as HEPES, MES, PIPES etc. are easily accessible.
The addition of 2-hydroxyethyl sulfonate to electroplating baths allows higher current densities and lower concentrations than the much more expensive methane sulphonic acid with improved appearance.
Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is an amphoteric detergent used in detergent bar soaps.
Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) makes a dense lather in addition to the lather made by the soap.
Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is mild on the skin, and non-drying.

Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) works equally well in soft or hard water.
Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is also an anti-static agent in shampoos.
Sodium Isethionate works as an amphoteric detergent and can also be used as an intermediate in preparing surfactants derived from fatty acid sulfoalkyl esters (acyloxy ethane sulfonate).
Sodium Isethionate increases the formulation's stability, improves the detergency in hard water, and is smooth to the skin.
Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is used in cleaning/washing agents, disinfectants, cosmetics, surface-active agents, shampoos, and bubble baths.
Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is an organic salt and an important intermediate for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and daily chemicals.
The synthesis principle is that sodium bisulfite and ethylene oxide undergo condensation reaction to produce sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate.

Preparation
Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is synthesized by the condensation reaction of sodium bisulfite and ethylene oxide.

Purification Method
Firstly, fresh sodium bisulfite with qualified analysis is added to the preparation kettle, and 35wt% aqueous solution is prepared with distilled water under room temperature and normal pressure conditions.
The prepared sodium bisulfite solution 2857Kg (concentration 35wt%) is sent to the ethoxylation reactor.
After nitrogen replacement and heating operation, ethylene oxide is added at 90 ℃ to start the reaction.
The temperature is controlled at 90~100 ℃ and the pressure is 0~0.1MPag (gauge pressure). After 500Kg of ethylene oxide is added, it is cured at 90~100 ℃ for 30 minutes and discharged.
The crude product (concentration 40 ~ 45wt%) synthesized in the previous step is sent to a double-effect continuous evaporation heavy crystallizer, and the method of downstream operation, continuous feeding, and intermittent discharging is used, that is, the dilute solution is advanced to a one-effect evaporator.

After preliminary concentration, the concentration reaches 55 ~ 60wt%, the concentrated liquid enters a two-effect evaporator, and is further concentrated and evaporated to 72 ~ 75wt%, and then the concentrated liquid enters the continuous crystallization machine, after crystallization at a constant speed of cooling to 20~40 ℃, the crystal slurry enters the centrifuge for centrifugal separation, the solid enters the next process, and the mother liquor returns to the two-effect evaporator to continue to participate in evaporation concentration.
When the ethylene glycol content in the product reaches below 0.1% wt, Sodium Isethionate (Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate) is regarded as qualified.

Through analysis and testing, the purity of the product is greater than 99.5wt%.
A small amount of non-crystallizable residual liquid is extracted with 3 times the solvent.
The extractant used is anhydrous ethanol.
Sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate products are precipitated in anhydrous ethanol.
A small amount of water and organic impurities, such as ethylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol and hydroxyethyl sulfonate will enter the liquid phase ethanol, and then enter the centrifuge for centrifugal separation.
Finally, the crystals will be dried at 120°C in a disc dryer, remove a small amount of residual solvent impurities and moisture from the product.
The used extractant ethanol is recycled and reused.
Extractant ethanol can be distilled and recovered.
SODIUM ISETHIONATE COSMETIC GRADE

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is a chemical compound used in cosmetics and personal care products.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is commonly employed as a surfactant and cleansing agent in various skincare and hair care formulations.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is derived from isethionic acid, and its sodium salt is utilized for its mild and gentle cleansing properties.

CAS Number: 1562-00-1
EC Number: 216-621-9

Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate, Isethionic acid sodium salt, Sodium salt of isethionic acid, Sodium 2-hydroxyethyl sulfonate, Sodium hydroxyethanesulfonate, Sodium ester of isethionic acid, Sodium isethionate, Isethionate de sodium (French), Natriumisethionat (German), Sodio isetionato (Italian), Sodio isetionato (Spanish), Sodium salt of 2-hydroxyethyl sulfonic acid, Sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate, 2-Hydroxyethyl sulfonic acid sodium salt, Sodium salt of 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, Sodium 2-hydroxyethyl ethanesulfonate, Sodium 2-hydroxyethyl ethanesulfonic acid, Sodium ester of hydroxyethyl sulfonic acid, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate, Sodium isethionate



APPLICATIONS


Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is commonly used in the formulation of mild and gentle cleansing products, such as shampoos.
Its application extends to body washes, contributing to the production of rich and luxurious lathers.

In facial cleansers, sodium isethionate aids in the removal of impurities without causing irritation.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is a key ingredient in sulfate-free formulations, meeting the demand for gentler cleansing options.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is often incorporated into baby care products, ensuring a mild and soothing cleansing experience.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade plays a crucial role in the creation of sulfate-free and hypoallergenic facial cleansers for sensitive skin.
In bath products, such as shower gels and bath foams, sodium isethionate enhances the overall lathering effect.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade contributes to the formulation of mild hand soaps, maintaining skin-friendly cleansing properties.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is utilized in facial scrubs, aiding in the removal of dead skin cells while being gentle on the skin.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is a preferred choice for sulfate-free and gentle formulations in products designed for daily use.

In combination with other surfactants, sodium isethionate enhances the cleansing performance of personal care items.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is found in various skincare products, including cream cleansers and gentle exfoliants.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free shampoos, preserving the integrity of the hair while providing effective cleansing.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade contributes to the formulation of mild and tear-free baby shampoos, ensuring a safe and pleasant experience.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is employed in the creation of gentle facial wipes and makeup removers.
In hair care products, Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade aids in maintaining a balanced scalp by removing oils and impurities without harsh effects.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is included in sulfate-free and hypoallergenic body scrubs, catering to individuals with sensitive skin.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is utilized in sulfate-free formulations for color-treated hair, preserving the vibrancy of hair dyes.

Its application in sulfate-free and gentle formulations aligns with the growing trend toward milder cleansing products.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade contributes to the formulation of sulfate-free bubble baths, ensuring a pleasant bathing experience.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is used in facial cleansing wipes and pads, providing an effective yet gentle solution for makeup removal.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free formulations for individuals with skin conditions such as eczema or dermatitis.

In sulfate-free and gentle formulations, the compound helps create products suitable for daily use on all skin types.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is a versatile ingredient in the development of mild and effective cleansing products for diverse consumer needs.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade's applications span across the cosmetic industry, contributing to the formulation of a wide range of gentle and skin-friendly personal care items.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade finds application in sulfate-free facial masks, contributing to a gentle and soothing cleansing experience.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free acne cleansers, providing effective cleansing without exacerbating skin irritation.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade plays a role in sulfate-free micellar water formulations, promoting efficient makeup removal and skin cleansing.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is a key component in sulfate-free and hypoallergenic body washes, catering to individuals with skin sensitivities.
In sulfate-free hand sanitizers, it contributes to the formulation of products that cleanse without causing excessive dryness.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is utilized in sulfate-free intimate washes, ensuring a mild and pH-balanced solution for sensitive areas.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free and tear-free baby wipes, delivering gentle cleaning for delicate skin.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is employed in sulfate-free and fragrance-free cleansing bars, providing a mild option for daily body cleansing.
In sulfate-free foaming cleansers, the compound contributes to the creation of products suitable for facial cleansing routines.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free and mild exfoliating scrubs, offering a gentle solution for removing dead skin cells.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade plays a role in sulfate-free and hypoallergenic shower oils, providing a moisturizing and mild cleansing experience.
In sulfate-free foot scrubs, the compound aids in removing rough skin without compromising skin comfort.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free facial toners, contributing to the removal of residual impurities after cleansing.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is utilized in sulfate-free facial peels, offering a mild exfoliation for smoother and revitalized skin.
In sulfate-free body lotions, sodium isethionate may be included to provide a light and non-greasy after-feel.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free and hypoallergenic sunscreen formulations, contributing to gentle skin cleansing.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade finds application in sulfate-free foot soaks, aiding in the removal of calloused skin.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is included in sulfate-free anti-dandruff shampoos, providing a gentle solution for scalp cleansing.
In sulfate-free and mild facial serums, the compound may contribute to skin-prepping formulations.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is utilized in sulfate-free and gentle hair conditioners, aiding in detangling without harsh effects.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free and hypoallergenic body mists, providing a refreshing and mild fragrance option.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free and baby-friendly laundry detergents, ensuring gentle cleaning for infant clothing.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free and hypoallergenic facial moisturizers, offering hydration without skin irritation.
In sulfate-free and mild deodorants, the compound may be included to enhance the overall skin-friendly formulation.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade finds application in sulfate-free and gentle personal care wipes, providing convenient cleansing on the go.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is commonly used in sulfate-free and gentle cleansing formulations for individuals with eczema or psoriasis.
In sulfate-free facial massage creams, it contributes to a mild and non-irritating base for skincare routines.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is employed in sulfate-free facial cleansing balms, offering a soothing and effective makeup removal solution.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free and hypoallergenic bath bombs, providing a gentle and luxurious bathing experience.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade plays a role in sulfate-free and mild pre-shave oils, offering a smooth and non-irritating shaving experience.
In sulfate-free and fragrance-free wet wipes, the compound ensures gentle and effective cleaning for various surfaces.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is utilized in sulfate-free and hypoallergenic underarm wipes, providing convenient and mild odor control.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free and tear-free baby lotions, offering a gentle solution for daily moisturization.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is included in sulfate-free and hypoallergenic facial primers, providing a smooth base for makeup application.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free and non-stripping scalp masks, promoting a balanced and healthy scalp environment.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade plays a role in sulfate-free and hypoallergenic cuticle creams, offering a mild solution for nail and cuticle care.
In sulfate-free and gentle cuticle removers, the compound aids in the softening and removal of excess cuticle without harsh effects.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free and baby-safe fabric softeners, ensuring softness without skin irritation.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free and hypoallergenic leave-in hair conditioners, providing gentle detangling and hydration.
In sulfate-free and mild facial powders, the compound may be included to offer a gentle mattifying effect.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is utilized in sulfate-free and non-irritating foot masks, providing hydration and mild exfoliation.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade plays a role in sulfate-free and hypoallergenic body scrubs for sensitive skin, promoting gentle exfoliation.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is included in sulfate-free and tear-free pet shampoos, ensuring a mild and pleasant bathing experience for pets.
In sulfate-free and hypoallergenic cuticle oils, sodium isethionate contributes to the overall mild and nourishing formulation.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free and baby-friendly laundry fabric softener sheets, providing softness without irritation.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free and hypoallergenic facial setting sprays, offering a gentle and non-irritating finish for makeup.

In sulfate-free and mild foot powders, the compound may be included to absorb moisture without causing skin discomfort.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free and tear-free pet wipes, ensuring a gentle solution for pet grooming.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is employed in sulfate-free and hypoallergenic nasal cleansing sprays, providing a mild solution for nasal hygiene.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free and gentle sunscreen sticks, contributing to non-greasy and skin-friendly sun protection.



DESCRIPTION


Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is a chemical compound used in cosmetics and personal care products.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is commonly employed as a surfactant and cleansing agent in various skincare and hair care formulations.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is derived from isethionic acid, and its sodium salt is utilized for its mild and gentle cleansing properties.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is an organosulfur compound with the chemical formula CH3CH2CH(NHSO3H)CO2H.
When neutralized with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), it forms sodium isethionate.
This conversion results in a water-soluble, mild surfactant that helps in the formation of stable and creamy lathers in cosmetic products like shampoos, facial cleansers, and body washes.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is a water-soluble compound widely used in cosmetic formulations.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is known for its mild and gentle cleansing properties.
As the sodium salt of isethionic acid, it exhibits excellent surfactant characteristics.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is valued for its ability to create stable and luxurious lathers in personal care products.

In cosmetic chemistry, it serves as an effective and mild detergent for cleansing applications.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is often chosen for its compatibility with sensitive skin and its low irritation potential.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade contributes to the overall texture and feel of skincare and hair care formulations.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is frequently utilized in shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, and other cleansing products.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade aids in the removal of dirt, oils, and impurities from the skin and hair surfaces.
With its mild nature, sodium isethionate is suitable for daily use in a variety of personal care items.

Its water solubility allows it to be easily incorporated into aqueous formulations.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade enhances the sensory experience of products, providing a smooth and creamy feel.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is often chosen for formulations targeting individuals with sensitive or dry skin.
In bath products, it contributes to a rich and foamy lather, enhancing the bathing experience.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade supports the creation of products that cleanse without causing excessive dryness.
As a key ingredient, it plays a role in maintaining the stability and shelf-life of cosmetic formulations.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade's versatility extends to various personal care items, adapting well to diverse formulations.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is an essential component for achieving a balance between efficacy and mildness in skincare.
Its ability to generate lather makes it a popular choice for sulfate-free and gentle cleansing formulations.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade is characterized by its high purity, ensuring quality and consistency in product performance.

Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade contributes to the overall efficacy of cleansing products without compromising skin comfort.
In hair care, it aids in the removal of impurities while maintaining the integrity of the hair structure.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade aligns with the industry's focus on creating products that are both effective and skin-friendly.
Sodium isethionate Cosmetic grade's compatibility with various cosmetic ingredients makes it a versatile choice for formulators.
Its inclusion in formulations emphasizes the commitment to providing a pleasant and effective cleansing experience for consumers.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: C2H5O4SNa (Sodium isethionate is the sodium salt of isethionic acid.)
Molecular Weight: Approximately 142.11 g/mol
IUPAC Name: Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate


Physical Properties:

Physical State: Solid (typically appears as a white, crystalline powder)
Odor: Odorless
Solubility: Highly soluble in water
Melting Point: Approximately 270-280°C (518-536°F) decomposition


Surfactant Properties:

Surfactant Type: Anionic surfactant
Surface Tension: Sodium isethionate lowers the surface tension of water, aiding in the formation of stable foams and lathers.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If inhaled, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air.

Seek Medical Attention:
If respiratory irritation persists or if breathing difficulties occur, seek medical attention.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Take off contaminated clothing, shoes, and accessories immediately.

Flush with Water:
Wash the affected area thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation, redness, or other adverse reactions persist, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
Immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation, redness, or other adverse reactions persist, seek immediate medical attention.
Bring the SDS or product label if available.


Ingestion:

DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING:
Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse Mouth: If the person is conscious, rinse the mouth with water.

Seek Medical Attention:
Immediately seek medical attention. Provide the SDS or product label to healthcare professionals.


General Advice:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) during rescue and cleanup.

Notes to Physician:
Treat symptomatically.
In cases of ingestion, consider the potential for aspiration and monitor respiratory function.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including safety goggles or face shield, chemical-resistant gloves, and protective clothing.
Use respiratory protection, such as a dust mask or respirator, if there is a potential for dust generation.

Engineering Controls:
Use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations and minimize exposure.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands and any exposed skin thoroughly after handling sodium isethionate.
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in areas where the substance is being handled.
Do not use equipment or utensils that may come into contact with the substance for other purposes.

Storage Compatibility:
Store sodium isethionate away from incompatible materials, including strong acids, strong bases, and oxidizing agents.
Keep away from heat sources and open flames.

Avoid Dust Formation:
Minimize the generation of dust during handling to reduce the risk of inhalation exposure.
Use appropriate containment measures to prevent dust dispersion.

Prevent Spills:
Handle sodium isethionate containers carefully to prevent spills.
Use spill containment measures, such as absorbent materials, to control and clean up spills promptly.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store sodium isethionate in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Keep containers tightly closed to prevent contamination and moisture absorption.

Temperature Considerations:
Avoid temperature extremes.
While sodium isethionate is generally stable, prolonged exposure to high temperatures may lead to decomposition.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation in storage areas to disperse any potential vapors.

Separation from Incompatible Materials:
Store sodium isethionate away from materials that may react with or degrade it.

Controlled Areas:
Consider storing sodium isethionate in controlled areas with limited access to authorized personnel only.

Shelf Life:
Check the product label or documentation for information on the recommended shelf life of the specific sodium isethionate formulation.

Handling Large Quantities:
When handling larger quantities, follow appropriate industrial hygiene practices and safety procedures.
Use suitable equipment for material transfer and handling.

Emergency Procedures:
Have emergency response procedures in place, including spill response measures and contact information for emergency services.
SODIUM ISOBUTYLPARABEN
SODIUM ISOSTEARATE N° CAS : 64248-79-9 Nom INCI : SODIUM ISOSTEARATE Nom chimique : Isooctadecanoic acid, sodium salt N° EINECS/ELINCS : 264-754-4 Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile) Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM ISOSTEARATE
SODIUM LACTATE; N° CAS : 72-17-3 / 867-56-1 - Lactate de sodium; Nom INCI : SODIUM LACTATE; Nom chimique : Sodium lactate; N° EINECS/ELINCS : 200-772-0 / 212-762-3; Additif alimentaire : E325. Compatible Bio (Référentiel COSMOS). Ses fonctions (INCI). Régulateur de pH : Stabilise le pH des cosmétiques. Humectant : Maintient la teneur en eau d'un cosmétique dans son emballage et sur la peau; Kératolytique : Décolle et élimine les cellules mortes de la couche cornée de l'apiderme. Noms français : 2-HYDROXYPROPANOATE SODIUM; HYDROXY-2 PROPANOATE DE SODIUM; Lactate de sodium; PROPANOIC ACID, 2-HYDROXY-, MONOSODIUM SALT; SEL DE SODIUM DE L'ACIDE HYDROXY-2 PROPANOIQUE. Noms anglais : LACTIC ACID SODIUM SALT; LACTIC ACID, MONOSODIUM SALT; LACTIC ACID, SODIUM SALT; Sodium lactate. Utilisation et sources d'émission: Agent anticorrosif. 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, monosodium salt; Lacolin; Lactic acid sodium salt; Lactic acid, monosodium salt; Lactic acid, sodium salt (VAN); Monosodium 2-hydroxypropanoate; Monosodium lactate; Per-glycerin; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1); Sodium (dl)-lactate; Sodium alpha-hydroxypropionate; Sodium lactate; Sodium lactate 0.167 molar in plastic container; Sodium lactate 1/6 molar in plastic container; Sodium lactate in plastic container. IUPAC names: Sodium 2-hydroxy-propanoate; Sodium 2-hydroxypropanoate;Sodium DL-lactate ; sodium;2-hydroxypropanoate; (±)-2-Hydroxypropionic acid sodium salt; 200-772-0 [EINECS]; 2-Hydroxypropanoate de sodium [French] ; 4157; 72-17-3 [RN]; Lactic acid monosodium salt Lactic Acid, Sodium Salt; MFCD00065400 [MDL number]; Natrium-2-hydroxypropanoat [German]; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1) [ACD/Index Name]; QY1&VQ &&Na salt [WLN] ; Sodium 2-hydroxypropanoate [ACD/IUPAC Name]; Sodium Lactate [JAN] [USAN]; SODIUM LACTATE, L-; Sodium α-hydroxypropionate; Sodium-DL-lactate; [72-17-3];1219802-24-0 [RN] ; 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, monosodium salt; 2-Hydroxypropionic acid sodium salt; 344299-52-1 [RN]; E325; Lacolin; Lactic acid, monosodium salt (8CI); Lactic acid, sodium salt (VAN) ; MFCD00066576 [MDL number]; Monosodium 2-hydroxypropanoate; P2Y1C6M9PS; Per-glycerin; Pharmakon1600-01300036; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt (9CI); Purasal S/SP 60; Sodium (dl)-lactate; Sodium lactate (60% in water); Sodium lactate (7CI); SODIUM LACTATE|SODIUM 2-HYDROXYPROPANOATE ; SODIUM α-HYDROXYPROPIONATE; sodiumlactate; SodiumLactate,(??)-2-Hydroxypropionicacidsodiumsalt,SodiumDL-lactate,Lacolin?; 乳酸ナトリウム [Japanese]
SODIUM LACTATE
Sodium Lactate is a sodium salt of lactic acid.
Sodium Lactate's molecular formula is C3H5O3Na, with a molecular weight of 112.06.
Sodium lactate is a colorless or slightly yellowish transparent syrup-like liquid with strong hygroscopic properties.
Sodium Lactate is odorless or may have a slightly distinctive odor and a slightly salty-bitter taste.


CAS Number: 72-17-3
DL:312-85-6
L: 867-56-1
EC Number: 212-762-3
MDL number: MFCD00066576
E number: E325 (antioxidants, ...)
Chemical formula: C3H5NaO3


Sodium Lactate is a liquid salt that is naturally derived from the fermentation of corn starch.
In Cold Process soap, Sodium Lactate helps to produce a harder bar of soap that lasts longer in the shower.
As a salt, Sodium Lactate is also a natural humectant, providing moisture.


This makes Sodium Lactate a great additive to lotions, typically replacing glycerin in the recipe.
Sodium Lactate is supplied as a 60% aqueous (in water) solution.
Sodium Lactate is soluble in water.


Sodium Lactate is a colorless or almost colorless transparent liquid that dissolves in water, ethanol and glycerin.
Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid and is derived from the natural fermentation of sugar found in corn, beets or other plant based sugars.
Sodium Lactate’s clear in colour, has a viscous consistency and little to no odour.


Sodium lactate is a chemical compound produced by neutralizing the lactate generated through the fermentation of sugar-containing plants like corn and beets.
Sodium Lactate can dissolve in water, ethanol, and glycerol.


The typical concentration ranges of Sodium Lactate is from 60% to 80% (by weight).
Sodium Lactate's molecular formula is C3H5O3Na, with a molecular weight of 112.06.
Sodium lactate is a colorless or slightly yellowish transparent syrup-like liquid with strong hygroscopic properties.


Sodium Lactate is odorless or may have a slightly distinctive odor and a slightly salty-bitter taste.
Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid.
In skin care, Sodium lactate is used primarily as a hydrating and buffering agent (to adjust a product’s pH value).


Sodium Lactate also offers antioxidant properties as a secondary benefit, while higher amounts (5% or more) in an acidic pH can exfoliate.
Regarding exfoliation, Sodium Lactate should be noted the salt aspect of sodium lactate makes it weaker for this purpose than lactic acid.
Of note, Sodium Lactate is part of skin’s natural moisturizing factor (NMF), helping to maintain skin’s hydration.


Sodium lactate is described as a colorless or yellowish syrupy liquid.
Sodium Lactate is considered very hygroscopic (a substance that absorbs moisture from its environment and improves water retention).
Sodium lactate has a proven track record of safety within cosmetic use backed by decades of assessments.


Sodium Lactate is also classified as a food additive emulsifier by the US FDA further signifying its safety.
Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid, is a natural humectant and moisturiser and is a part of our own NMF (natural moisturising factor).
Sodium Lactate is applied in cosmetic formulations for its moisturising functions and to adjust the pH (specially when buffering is needed).


In certain cosmetic products, the pH of the product might change with time and this would lead to destabilization of some certain ingredients.
This happens very often by applying urea or weak acid based emulsifiers and ingredients (citrate derivatives for example: glyceryl oleate citrate).
In such cases you need to stabilize the pH with a buffering system (blending sodium lactate and lactic acid)


Buffered solutions resist changes in pH upon addition of small amount of acids or bases.
Our blood for instance is a buffered system and its pH would not easily change.
Since sodium lactate from the manufacturing process usually does not contain animal proteins, it can be taken without any problems in case of lactic acid intolerance.


In food, Sodium Lactate also goes by the E number 325.
The food additive can be added to the product in "sufficient quantity" and is also considered safe in organic products.
Sodium lactate is produced in biological processes as an intermediate or degradation product.


Sodium Lactate is a product that is thus biodegradable and does not harm the ecology.
Sodium lactate is the salt of lactic acid with sodium hydroxide.
Sodium lactate is available in liquid and solid form.


The syrupy liquid, Sodium lactate, is almost colorless and almost odorless and tasteless.
The powder of Sodium lactate is miscible with water (>1.5g/ml).
Sodium lactate, together with lactic acid, provides a physiological protective acid mantle on the skin.


This acid protection (pH of 5.5) ensures controlled colonization of the skin with bacteria.
If this protection is destroyed by too frequent washing, unwanted damage to the skin may occur.
Sodium Lactate is derived from corn syrup using non genetically modified product.


This is the standard 60% product required by most recipes.
Sodium Lactate is food grade (when bought in original packaging), vegetarian, vegan, Kosher compliant and certified and Halal compliant and certified.
Sodium Lactate is a common ingredient used in cosmetics and personal care products.


Sodium Lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid, a natural acid derived from the fermentation of sugars.
Sodium Lactate is typically a clear, colorless liquid with a mild odor and serves multiple functions in skincare products.
Sodium Lactate acts as a humectant, attracting and retaining moisture in the skin, promoting hydration and preventing dryness.


Additionally, Sodium Lactate can function as a pH regulator, helping to stabilize and adjust the pH of formulations.
The chemical formula of Sodium Lactate is NaC3H5O3.
Sodium Lactate is manufactured by neutralizing lactic acid with sodium hydroxide.


This process involves combining lactic acid, obtained through fermentation or chemical methods, with sodium hydroxide to create Sodium Lactate.
The resulting sodium salt is then purified for use in cosmetics and personal care products.
Sodium Lactate is the product of glycogenolysis and glycolysis.


Sodium Lactate can be metabolized by the body into sodium bicarbonate, which in turn acts to increase the pH of the blood.
Sodium Lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid.
Sodium Lactate's a great skin moisturizer and also used to regulate the pH value of the cosmetic formula.


Sodium Lactate's a natural ingredient approved by both ECOCERT and COSMOS.
Sodium Lactate is the product of glycogenolysis and glycolysis.
Sodium Lactate is an organic salt that is mainly used as a buffer and pH adjuster for injection solutions.


Sodium Lactate can be metabolized by the body into sodium bicarbonate, which in turn acts to increase the pH of the blood.
Sodium Lactate is a popular ingredient in Palm Free Soaps or Soaps with a higher than usual Vegetable Oil content.
Sodium Lactate is a colourless to pale Yellow almost odourless viscous liquid.


Sodium Lactate has slight skin-lightening effects.
Sodium Lactate is an organic salt that is mainly used as a buffer and pH adjuster for injection solutions.
Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid, and has a mild saline taste.


Sodium Lactate is produced by fermentation of a sugar source, such as corn or beets, and then, by neutralizing the resulting lactic acid to create a compound having the formula NaC3H5O3.
Sodium lactate, in the form of Ringer's lactate solution, is used as a medication, and is included on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.


Sodium lactate is not chemically similar to lactose (milk sugar).
Sodium lactate is an organic sodium salt having lactate as the counterion.
Sodium Lactate has a role as a food preservative and a food acidity regulator.


Sodium Lactate is an organic sodium salt and a lactate salt.
Sodium Lactate contains a lactate.
Sodium Lactate is a sodium salt of racemic or inactive lactic acid with alkalinizing and electrolyte replenishing property.


Upon metabolism, sodium lactate is converted to bicarbonate, thereby increasing plasma bicarbonate, which facilitates removal of hydrogen ion and lactate from blood stream and leads to raised blood pH.


Sodium Lactate is the sodium salt of racemic or inactive lactic acid.
Sodium Lactate is a hygroscopic agent used intravenously as a systemic and urinary alkalizer.
You need Sodium Lactate in your collection.


Sodium lactate hardens cold process soap so you can unmold and enjoy it more quickly.
You can also use Sodium Lactate in lotion to draw moisture to the skin, or in hot process soap to make Sodium Lactate more fluid and smooth.
Sodium Lactate is a liquid salt derived from the fermentation of sugars found in corn and beets.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM LACTATE:
Sodium Lactate is used as a food additive, preservative, acidity regulator and bulking agent.
Sodium Lactate finds application in shampoo and liquid soaps and other related products.
Sodium Lactate acts as an effective humectant and moisturizer.


Sodium Lactate is used in the treatment of arrhythmias.
Sodium Lactate is used to improve metabolic acidosis and hypovolemic states.
In terms of pharmaceutical preparations, Sodium Lactate is often used in combination with sodium chloride, glucose, etc. to form normal saline or compound liquid intravenous injection.


Sodium Lactate also has antimicrobial activity, which can be used as a food preservative.
Sodium Lactate is useful to adjust pH.
Sodium Lactate is used for bar soaps: hardens bar, reduces cracking, and increases moisture retention.


Recommended use level of Sodium Lactate is 0.5-5% for skin care products.
Sodium Lactate is used for bar soaps 2-3%.
Sodium Lactate is used for external use only.


Sodium Lactate is used in All kinds of skin care products, soap and cleansers.
Sodium Lactate finds versatile uses in skincare, cosmetics, and hair care products, offering several benefits for each.
In skin care, Sodium lactate is used primarily as a hydrating and buffering agent (to adjust a product’s pH value).


Sodium Lactate is used to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in food, such as E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Clostridium botulinum, thereby increasing food safety.
Sodium Lactate is used for enhancing and preserving the flavor of meat.


As a salt, sodium lactate can reduce the amount of sodium chloride (table salt) used in meat products.
Sodium Lactate is also safer for individuals with low-salt diets, hypertension, or kidney diseases.
Sodium Lactate is used in food preservation, moisturizing, aroma enhancement and pharmaceutical raw materials.


Sodium Lactate can also be used as medicine to relieve acidosis caused by diarrhea, dehydration, diabetes, nephritis and other diseases.
Sodium Lactate is also used as condiment, plasticizer of casein plastic, antifreeze, moisturizing agent, substitute for glycerin, corrosion inhibitor for alcohol antifreeze.


Sodium Lactate is used as a food preservative, flavoring agent, antifreeze, moisturizing agent, etc.
Sodium lactate has been partially used in foreign countries to replace sodium benzoate as a preservative in the food industry.
Sodium Lactate is an excellent humectant and has amazing moisturising properties due to its high water holding capacity.


When used in a formulation, sodium lactate effectively hydrates and revitalises dry and brittle skin, whilst also helping skin maintain a healthy pH level.
Sodium Lactate has multiple purposes - sodium lactate acts as a preservative enhancer due to its properties in inhibiting bacteria growth; also functions as a buffering agent and humectant moisturiser, helping to strengthen the skin moisture barrier.


Sodium Lactate is incredibly popular in cold process soap, as it can help produce a harder bar of soap.
This makes Sodium Lactate easier to unmould and speeds up the drying process.
When making cold processed soap, the sodium lactate is added to cooled lye water.


Testing it is very important at this step, as too much sodium lactate can result in a crumbly bar of soap.
Sodium lactate can also be used in lotions, as a substitute to glycerine to create a more hydrating product, which is creamier and thicker in consistency.
As a benefit, the humectant properties of sodium lactate keeps skin moisturised for longer.


As well as delivering a hydrating formulation, sodium lactate cuts down on the stickiness sometimes found in lotion with a high glycerine content.
In lotion recipes, we do not recommend adding too much sodium lactate.
Typically, the sodium lactate is used at 1-3% of the total lotion recipe.


Sodium Lactate is used as a food additive, preservative, acidity regulator and bulking agent.
Sodium Lactate finds application in shampoo and liquid soaps and other related products.
Sodium Lactate acts as an effective humectant and moisturizer.


Sodium Lactate is used in the treatment of arrhythmias.
Sodium Lactate is used in soap making as an additive to aid easy removal from the mould and also to improve 'feel' of the soap.
Sodium Lactate is an excellent emollient in personal care products with strong antimicrobial and humectant properties and is also commonly used in soap making to create a harder bar with better moisture retention and to help prevent cracking.


When used between 2%-5% in lotions and creams Sodium Lactate is a powerful humectant and increases the moisture content of the skin drastically without leaving a sticky or greasy skin-feel.
Due to its superior water retention capacity Sodium Lactate can be used in rinse-off applications as well, such as hair conditioners or masks.


Sodium Lactate is used up to a tablespoon per pound (454 grams) of soap oils when making cold process soap to create a harder, longer-lasting bar with a fast curing time.
Sodium Lactate also helps create a creamier bar visually, and eases the de-molding of intricate soap bars.


Due to its biological compatibility and harmlessness, Sodium Lactate is often used in food technology, medicine and cosmetics industry.
Due to Sodium Lactate's chemical properties, the salt of lactic acid is used as an acidity regulator and humectant.
In addition, sodium lactate influences the swelling capacity of protein: fats and water are better bound to the amino acids, thus reducing the leakage of these substances.


Here, too, the products remain fresh and attractive to the customer for longer.
This is also referred to as so-called melting salts or firming agents.
Similar to the food industry, the salt of lactic acid, Sodium Lactate, also serves as a humectant and buffer in the pharmaceutical industry.


In creams or ointments, together Sodium Lactate with other acids, the pH value can be precisely adjusted.
Together with other substances, Sodium Lactate replicates the skin's own Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF).
The skin is kept moist and protected by these hydrating substances.


It is not surprising that large quantities of Sodium Lactate are used in the cosmetics industry for similar purposes.
Medicine uses sodium lactate to treat drug-induced arrhythmias: these include class I antiarrythmic drugs and pressor sympathomimetics.
Sodium Lactate is on the World Health Organization's list of essential medicines, the safest and most effective drugs needed in a health care system.


Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid and is one of the hydrating substances produced by the skin to preserve the moisture and physiological pH.
Sodium lactate is used not only in cosmetics but also in the food industry as a humectant and an acid regulator.
On the skin, the growth of foreign microorganisms is inhibited by maintaining the skin's natural acid barrier.


In addition, sodium lactate is a well-tolerated form of hydration that also keeps emulsions chemically stable.
Sodium Lactate is likely one of the most useful ingredients you never knew you needed!
A liquid salt, Sodium Lactate is added to lye water to hasten the drying and hardening process and create a strong, luxurious lather.


The addition of Sodium Lactate results in harder, longer-lasting bars of soap that dries quicker and unmoulds with ease, ensuring a perfect, unblemished result that cuts cleanly every single time.
Sodium Lactate is perfect for soft oil soap, palm-free soap and Castile soap, preserving structural integrity, ensuring a clean appearance and reducing cure time.


Use at a rate of Sodium Lactate is 2-5% for the perfect amount.
Sodium Lactate is a wonderful addition to lotions and creams.
Want a thicker, velvety-soft product that provides deeper, long-lasting hydration?


Add Sodium Lactate!
Sodium Lactate additionally reduces the stickiness of glycerine-heavy recipes.
A little goes a long way: use at 1-3% of the total recipe.


Sodium Lactate is used during manufacture of Cold process Soap and is optimally added to the cooled Lye solution which helps produce a much harder bar and the easy removal of the soap bar from the mould.
Sodium Lactate is used as a preservative in the food industry and as a buffering agent in confectionery.


As a result of its high water holding capacity, Sodium Lactate is frequently used as a humectant, pH adjuster and moisturiser in personal and home care products.
Sodium Lactate is used during manufacture of Cold process Soap and is optimally added to the cooled Lye solution which helps produce a much harder bar and the easy removal of the soap bar from the mould.


Sodium Lactate is a popular ingredient in Palm Free Soaps or Soaps with a higher than usual Vegetable Oils content.
Sodium Lactate also acts as a bacteria inhibitor while giving your Bar Soap a smoother creamier texture.
Sodium Lactate is used as an antimicrobial preservative, buffer, emulsifier, flavoring agent, and humectant.


Sodium lactate is found in the stratum corneum of the skin and is the most cost effective, naturally occurring humectant available for use as a moisturizer.
Sodium Lactate is used to improve metabolic acidosis and hypovolemic states.
In terms of pharmaceutical preparations, Sodium Lactate is often used in combination with sodium chloride, glucose, etc. to form normal saline or compound liquid intravenous injection.


Sodium Lactate also has antimicrobial activity, which can be used as a food preservative.
Sodium lactate is a multi-faceted ingredient, known as a humectant moisturiser.
Humectants are highly effective skin-hydrators, which attract and bind to water from the atmosphere and the deeper layers of the skin.


This helps to prevent water loss and imparts a feeling of elasticity.
As a humectant, sodium lactate helps keep the skin hydrated and has been reported to improve the moisture content of the skin by up to 84%.
Another function of sodium lactate is that it works as a keratolytic agent, meaning it helps remove dead skin cells from the surface of the skin, contributing to its overall healthy functions and helping to improve skin concerns such as keratosis pilaris, rough and bumpy texture, and dry, dull skin.


This multi-tasking ingredient, Sodium Lactate, can be found in numerous skincare products, including body wash, cleanser, body lotion, shampoo and conditioner.
Sodium Lactate can increase skin hydration in both leave-on and rinse-off solutions.


This little known, but mighty Sodium Lactate is great for all skin types, but particularly beneficial for those who suffer with dry, dehydrated skin that has to work a little harder to retain its moisture.
Sodium Lactate has a cushioning effect to stabilize the pH of foods.


Sodium Lactate is also used in many foods as a seasoning to improve flavor.
Sodium Lactate has excellent moisture-retaining effects that are not affected by temperature and humidity, which helps retain moisture even at low temperature and low humidity.


-Food industry uses of Sodium Lactate:
As a food additive, sodium lactate has the E number E325 and is naturally a liquid product, but also is available in powder form.
Sodium Lactate acts as a preservative, acidity regulator, and bulking agent.
Despite the similarity in name, sodium lactate itself is not chemically similar to lactose (milk sugar), so need not be restricted by those with lactose intolerance.


-Cosmetics and personal care products uses of Sodium Lactate:
Sodium lactate is sometimes used in shampoo products and other similar items such as liquid soaps, as it is an effective humectant and moisturizer.


-Medical use of Sodium Lactate:
Sodium lactate is used to treat arrhythmias caused by overdosing of class I antiarrythmics, as well as pressor sympathomimetics which can cause hypertension.

Sodium Lactate can be given intravenously as a source of bicarbonate for preventing or controlling mild to moderate metabolic acidosis in patients with restricted oral intake (for sodium bicarbonate) whose oxidative processes are not seriously impaired.
However, the use in lactic acidosis is contraindicated.

Sodium lactate may induce panic attacks in persons with existing panic disorder; up to 72% of individuals with panic disorder experience a panic attack when administered sodium lactate intravenously.
Sodium lactate may therefore also be used to confirm a diagnosis of panic disorder.


-Skin care uses of Sodium Lactate:
Sodium Lactate functions as a humectant, attracting and retaining moisture in the skin.
Sodium Lactate helps to hydrate and improve the skin's moisture balance, making it beneficial for dry or dehydrated skin types.
Additionally, Sodium Lactate can contribute to the overall texture and feel of skincare formulations, providing a smoother and more luxurious application


-Cosmetic products use of Sodium Lactate:
Sodium Lactate is commonly used as a pH regulator.
Sodium Lactate helps to stabilize and adjust the pH of formulations, ensuring they remain within the desired range for optimal effectiveness and compatibility with the skin.
By maintaining the appropriate pH, Sodium Lactate supports the stability and efficacy of cosmetic products


-Hair care uses of Sodium Lactate:
Sodium Lactate can act as a conditioning agent, enhancing the softness and manageability of the hair.
Sodium Lactate can help to reduce frizz, improve combability, and promote a smoother appearance.
Sodium Lactate's moisturizing properties aid in maintaining healthy and hydrated hair strands


-Food Industry uses of Sodium Lactate:
Sodium lactate is utilized as a food preservative, flavor enhancer, antifreeze agent, and humectant in the food industry.
Sodium Lactate has been applied as a substitute for sodium benzoate as a preservative in some countries.
Sodium lactate offers incomparable advantages over sodium benzoate, sodium citrate, and sodium erythorbate.


-Skincare products uses of Sodium Lactate:
Sodium lactate, being a natural moisturizing factor, constitutes one-fourth of the components in the stratum corneum of the skin.
When used in cosmetics, sodium lactate can form a hydrating film with other chemicals, preventing the evaporation of skin moisture and keeping the skin hydrated, thereby preventing the formation of wrinkles.

Sodium lactate is widely used as a moisturizing agent in skincare products.
L-lactate salts can be used as a new generation of skin whitening agents, and when combined with other skin whitening agents, they exhibit a synergistic effect.


-Soaps and body wash uses of Sodium Lactate:
Sodium lactate is used as a moisturizer in various bathing products such as body washes, bar soaps, and body lotions.
Sodium Lactate serves as a pH regulator in liquid soaps, solid soaps, and shampoos.
Additionally, adding sodium lactate to bar soap reduces water loss during storage, preventing the soap from drying out and cracking.


-Oral care products uses of Sodium Lactate:
Sodium lactate, with its high solubility and moderate taste, is an ideal source of calcium for oral care products.
Sodium Lactate promotes healthy teeth and has anti-plaque effects, making it widely used as an anti-plaque agent in toothpaste and mouthwash.
The hemostatic properties of sodium aluminum lactate have a positive effect on gums and oral mucosa.
Sodium lactate is stable, highly soluble in water, tasteless, and compatible with fluoride ions.
Sodium Lactate effectively inhibits tooth decay, removes dental plaque, and is extensively used in toothpaste and mouthwash as an anti-plaque agent.


-Hair care products uses of Sodium Lactate:
Lactate is a natural component of hair, and in hair care products, Sodium Lactate functions as a pH regulator.
Sodium Lactate's mild nature allows for adjusting the pH to a slightly acidic level, improving hair quality and making it easier to comb.


-Personal Care Industry uses of Sodium Lactate:
Lactate and lactate salts are natural components of human skin and hair.
They possess unique pH-regulating and moisturizing functions and find wide application in various personal care products such as bath products, skincare products, hair care products, and oral care products.



MEDICAL FIELD USES OF SODIUM LACTATE:
(1) In liquid form, sodium lactate can alleviate dehydration caused by diarrhea, poisoning caused by diabetes, and gastritis.
Sodium Lactate is used to replenish body fluids or electrolytes in intravenous solutions and is extensively applied in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for patients with kidney diseases.
Sodium Lactate is also used as an electrolyte and dialysate in intravenous injections, disinfectants for oral rinses, and bladder irrigation solutions.

(2) Sodium lactate is widely used in the preparation of Ringer's solution as an injectable solution for the treatment of metabolic acidosis.

(3) Sodium lactate is highly effective in treating skin disorders such as extreme dryness caused by conditions like xerosis.
Lactate and lactate salts have antimicrobial properties and are used in anti-acne products.
They are often combined with other active ingredients to produce a synergistic effect.



SODIUM LACTATE AT A GLANCE:
*The sodium salt of lactic acid
*Sodium Lactate works as a hydration-enhancing ingredient due to its hygroscopic nature
*Also functions as a buffering agent (to adjust a product’s pH value)
*Sodium Lactate is an antioxidant, while higher amounts can exfoliate
*Sodium Lactate is proven track record of safety



WHAT DOES SODIUM LACTATE DO FOR THE SKIN?
First off, this is Sodium Lactate that thirsty skin craves.
Scroll on to discover how it allows dehydrated skin to thrive…
Sodium lactate increases the efficacy of alpha hydroxy acids (AHA’s).

This means that combined with other ingredients, sodium lactate helps to further boost product absorption, smooth your complexion and hydrate the skin.
A match made in skincare heaven, right?
This ingredient also makes oils and butters less greasy and more moisturising.
Sodium Lactate dramatically improves moisture content of the skin, particularly when used in rinse-off solutions.

Functioning as a buffering agent, Sodium Lactate helps to stabilise formulation’s pH by helping establish and hold the product, acting as a preservative.
By balancing the pH levels, this skin-loving ingredient, Sodium Lactate, is able to prevent the protective barrier from depleting and allows it to perform its daily function of protecting the skin from damaging pollutants.
Sodium lactate has further been known to brighten the skin's complexion.



YOUR SODIUM LACTATE ROUTINE:
Sodium lactate is infused into our iconic LaH6 Skin Hydration Complex, a hero hydration complex combining active ingredients Lactic Acid, Allantoin, Urea, Serine, Hydrolysed Milk Protein and of course, Sodium Lactate.
Together, these ingredients work to deeply hydrate the skin, lock-in moisture and reveal the skin’s natural luminosity. 



PRODUCTION OF SODIUM LACTATE:
In general, lactates such as sodium, calcium, and potassium lactate are salts derived from the neutralization of lactic acid and most commercially used lactic acids are fermented from dairy-free products such as cornstarch, potatoes, or molasses.
Sugar or tapioca additionally may be used.

In some rare instances, some lactic acid is fermented from dairy products such as whey and lactose.
Whey is made of up 6.5% solids of which 4.8% is solid lactose.
Waste whey is infrequently used to produce lactic acid when the whey itself is produced as waste during the manufacture of certain dairy products.

Such dairy-type lactic acid generally goes back into dairy products, such as ice cream and cream cheese, rather than into non-dairy products.
Moreover, although the lactic-acid starter culture to ferment corn or beets may contain milk, sodium lactate does not contain milk protein and need not be restricted by someone avoiding milk or those with a milk allergy.



WHAT DOES SODIUM LACTATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Buffering
*Humectant
*Keratolytic



ALTERNATIVES OF SODIUM LACTATE:
*GLYCERIN
*HYALURONIC ACID
*SODIUM PCA



SAFETY PROFILE OF SODIUM LACTATE:
Sodium Lactate is considered safe for use in cosmetics.
Sodium Lactate has undergone safety evaluations and is widely used in personal care products and cosmetics.
However, it's important to note that individual sensitivities can vary, so it's recommended to perform a patch test before using it extensively to check for any potential allergic reactions or skin sensitivities.



SODIUM LACTATE HAS INCOMPARABLE ADVANTAGES OVER SODIUM BENZOATE, SODIUM CITRATE, AND SODIUM SORBATE:
Especially in meat products, Sodium Lactate has the following significant effects:
1. Extend shelf life: Sodium Lactate can be extended by 30% to 100%, or even longer;
2. Inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in food such as: HT Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium botulinum, etc., thereby increasing food safety;
3. Enhance and maintain the flavor of meat;
4. As a kind of salt, Sodium Lactate can not only reduce the amount of sodium chloride but also sodium lactate is safer for patients with low-salt heart disease, hypertension and kidney disease.



PRODUCTION OF SODIUM LACTATE:
The main raw material for the production of sodium lactate is lactic acid.
There are two established systems for industrial production: chemical production or by means of fermentation (biological).
Chemical production uses coal, petroleum products, or natural gas as feedstock.

Although there are many chemical ways to produce lactic acid, the so-called acrylonitrile process has become established.
Here, the starting products hydrogen cyanide and acetaldehyde are combined under high pressure and with the aid of a basic catalyst to form lactonitrile.
After a purification step, sulfuric acid is added to the lactonitrile obtained to obtain lactic acid and ammonium salts by hydrolysis.

The finished lactic acid is thus obtained via several distillation and purification steps.
It is important to note that this chemical synthesis always yields a racemate, which must be further separated into the individual isomers if required.
Over 90% of the world's lactic acid is now produced by fermentation.

The main starting material is glucose, which is obtained from corn or starch-containing plants (wheat, barley, potatoes, sugar cane, etc.).
Here, the higher the starting materials, the higher the final product: high purity is obtained, for example, with sucrose from sugar cane or sugar beets.
With a high purity content, the subsequent downstream processing steps are simpler and therefore more cost-effective.

The actual production is then usually carried out in a so-called batch process: in simple terms, microorganisms are added to a glucose solution in a large container.
Under specific reaction parameters, such as temperature, the microorganisms convert the glucose into ethanol, citric acid and lactic acid.

Microorganisms here usually simply mean bacteria or fungal species.
Classic bacterial strains are: Lb. Lactis BME5-18M, B. coagulans LA204, Bacillus sp. strain, and others, with average productivity varying from 0.25-2.5 g/l/h.

The yield also changes from 36-97% depending on the bacterial strain and starting product.
If the lactic acid is produced by fermentation, racemates are also obtained, but they contain a very high proportion of one isomer.
In the mixture obtained, the lactic acid must now be separated by processes:
Precipitation, filtration, evaporation, and crystallization are just a few processes to be mentioned here.

The number of processing steps has a strong influence on the quality and price of the product.
Despite the many processing steps, production by fermentation is simpler and thus more costly than chemical production.
The finished lactic acid is now mixed with sodium hydroxide solution, which serves as a base.

This chemical reaction, also called redox reaction or neutralization, leads to the salt formation of the two reactants.
The end products are the sodium lacatate salt and water.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM LACTATE:
Chemical formula: C3H5NaO3
Molar mass: 112.06 g/mol
Appearance: White powder
Density: 1.33 g/mL,1.31 g/ml (60 % syrup)
Melting point: 161 to 162 °C (322 to 324 °F; 434 to 435 K)
Boiling point: 113 °C (235 °F; 386 K) (60 % syrup)
Solubility in water: > 1.5 g/mL
Flash point: < 25
Molecular Weight: 112.06 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 112.01363830 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 112.01363830 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 60.4Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 7
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 63.2
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Physical state: solid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: 163 - 165 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
Water Solubility: 851.0 mg/mL
logP: -0.61
logP: -0.47
logS: 0.88

pKa (Strongest Acidic): 3.78
pKa (Strongest Basic): -3.7
Physiological Charge: -1
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 3
Hydrogen Donor Count: 1
Polar Surface Area: 60.36 Å2
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Refractivity: 29.68 m3·mol-1
Polarizability: 7.65 Å3
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: 1
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: No
MDDR-like Rule: No
CAS Number: 72-17-3
Weight Average: 112.0598
Monoisotopic: 112.013638701
Chemical Formula: C3H5NaO3
InChI Key: NGSFWBMYFKHRBD-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI: InChI=1S/C3H6O3.Na/c1-2(4)3(5)6;/h2,4H,1H3,(H,5,6);/q;+1/p-1
IUPAC Name: sodium 2-hydroxypropanoate
SMILES: [Na+].CC(O)C([O-])=O

Molecular Formula: C3H5NaO3
Canonical SMILES: CC(C(=O)[O-])O.[Na+]
InChI: InChI=1S/C3H6O3.Na/c1-2(4)3(5)6;/h2,4H,1H3,(H,5,6);/q;+1/p-1
InChIKey: NGSFWBMYFKHRBD-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Boiling Point: 227.6 ℃ at 760 mmHg
Melting Point: 17 ℃
Flash Point: 109.9°C
Purity: 95%
Density: 1.33 g/cm3
Solubility: Soluble in Methanol (Slightly), Water
Appearance: Colourless liquid
Storage: Store at -20°C
Assay: 0.99
EINECS: 200-772-0
Log P: -1.88290
MDL: MFCD00065400
pH: 6,5 to 7,5 (20 % aqueous solution)
Refractive Index: 1.422-1.425
Stability: Stable.
Boiling Point: 113°C
Melting Point: 161-162°C
pH: 6.5
Solubility: Highly soluble in water
Viscosity: Low



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM LACTATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM LACTATE:
-Environmental precautions:
No special environmental precautions required.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Sweep up and shovel.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM LACTATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM LACTATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection is not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
No special environmental precautions required.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM LACTATE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
General industrial hygiene practice.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Store in cool place.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: 2 - 8 °C



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM LACTATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Sodium 2-hydroxypropanoate
Sodium DL-lactate
Lactic acid sodium salt
E325
compound sodium lactate solution
SODIUM LACTATE
72-17-3
Sodium DL-lactate
Lactic acid sodium salt
Monosodium lactate
sodium 2-hydroxypropanoate
Lacolin
Per-glycerin
Lactic acid, monosodium salt
Sodium alpha-hydroxypropionate
Monosodium 2-hydroxypropanoate
Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt
Sodium (dl)-lactate
Natrum lacticum
CCRIS 7316
312-85-6
2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, monosodium salt
UNII-TU7HW0W0QT
E325
Mediject L
sodium;2-hydroxypropanoate
TU7HW0W0QT
AI3-03131
Sodium (lactate) anhydrous
DL-Lactic acid sodium salt
Lactate (sodium)
EINECS 200-772-0
EINECS 206-231-5
NSC 31718
INS NO.325
CHEBI:75228
INS-325
Sodium lactate in plastic container
NSC-31718
Sodium DL-Lactate-d3
Sodium l-lactate-1-13c
Sodium lactate [USP:JAN]
Sodium l-lactate-3,3,3-d3
(+/-)-2-Hydroxypropionic acid sodium salt
E-325
SODIUM DL-LACTATE-D4
Sodium lactate 1/6 molar in plastic container
EC 200-772-0
Sodium lactate 0.167 molar in plastic container
SODIUM LACTATE, (+/-)-
C3H5NaO3
Sodium lactate (USP:JAN)
SODIUM LACTATE (II)
SODIUM LACTATE [II]
Lactic acid, sodium salt
SODIUM LACTATE (USP-RS)
SODIUM LACTATE [USP-RS]
CHEMBL1357
Propanoic-3-13C acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt, (2S)- (9CI)
Lactate, Sodium
SODIUM LACTATE (USP IMPURITY)
SODIUM LACTATE [USP IMPURITY]
NSC31718
1219802-24-0
Lactic acid, sodium salt (VAN)
Sodium 2-Hydroxypropionate
(2R)-2-Hydroxypropanoate (sodium)
?Sodium lactate
SodiumDL-lactate
81273-81-6
Mediject L (TN)
MFCD00065400
Purasal S/SP 60
Sodium lactate (7CI)
sodium2-hydroxypropanoate
Sodium DL-lactate solution
SCHEMBL4360
Sodium lactate (JAN/USP)
SODIUM LACTATE [MI]
SODIUM LACTATE [JAN]
SODIUM LACTATE [INCI]
NATRUM LACTICUM [HPUS]
SODIUM LACTATE [VANDF]
DTXSID6052829
SODIUM LACTATE [WHO-DD]
HY-B2227B
NGSFWBMYFKHRBD-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Pharmakon1600-01300036
2-hydroxypropionic acid sodium salt
201595-71-3
Sodium 2-Hydroxypropiomate Solution
2-Hydroxypropanoic Acid Sodium Salt
Sodium (2RS)-2-hydroxypropanoate
Lactic acid, monosodium salt (8CI)
NSC760108
SODIUM LACTATE [ORANGE BOOK]
AKOS015915154
Lacolin and DL-Lactic acid sodium salt
NSC-760108
SB44210
CID 23696276
CS-0030973
E 325
FT-0656540
FT-0689056
FT-0771022
S0928
D02183
EN300-296318
H11285
Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1)
Q418235
Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt (9CI)
W-104498
Sodium L-lactate
(S)-2-Hydroxypropionic acid sodium salt
L-Lactic acid sodium salt
Sarcolactic acid sodium salt
Sodium lactate
Lacolin
Lactic Acid Sodium Salt
Monosodium Lactate
Per-glycerin
Purasal S
Sodium 2-Hydroxypropanoate
Sodium α-Hydroxypropionate
Wilclear



SODIUM LACTATE ( Lactate de sodium)
cas no 867-56-1 (S)-2-Hydroxypropionic acid sodium salt; L-Lactic acid sodium salt; Sarcolactic acid sodium salt; Sodium L-lactate; Sodium L-lactate;
SODIUM LACTATE POWDER
SYNONYMS Disodium monosulfate; Sulfuric acid sodium salt;Disodium sulfate; Sodium sulfate; Sulfuric acid sodium salt; Sulfuric acid disodium salt; Sulfuric acid disodium salt; Salt cake; Bisodium sulfate; Sodium sulfate (2:1); Thenardite; Natriumsulfat; Trona; Dibasic sodium sulfate; CAS NO:7757-82-6
SODIUM LAURETH-11 CARBOXYLATE
SODIUM LAURETH-12 CARBOXYLATE N° CAS : 33939-64-9 Nom INCI : SODIUM LAURETH-12 CARBOXYLATE Classification : Composé éthoxylé Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre
SODIUM LAURETH-12 CARBOXYLATE
SODIUM LAURETH-12 SULFATE N° CAS : 9004-82-4 Nom INCI : SODIUM LAURETH-12 SULFATE N° EINECS/ELINCS : 266-192-5 Classification : Sulfate, Composé éthoxylé Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM LAURETH-12 SULFATE
SODIUM LAURETH-4 CARBOXYLATE N° CAS : 33939-64-9 / 38975-04-1 Nom INCI : SODIUM LAURETH-4 CARBOXYLATE N° EINECS/ELINCS : - / - Classification : Composé éthoxylé Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM LAURETH-4 CARBOXYLATE
SODIUM LAURETH-4 PHOSPHATE N° CAS : 42612-52-2 Nom INCI : SODIUM LAURETH-4 PHOSPHATE Classification : Composé éthoxylé Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile) Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM LAURETH-4 PHOSPHATE
SODIUM LAURETH-5 CARBOXYLATE N° CAS : 33939-64-9 / 38975-03-0 "Pas terrible" dans toutes les catégories. Nom INCI : SODIUM LAURETH-5 CARBOXYLATE N° EINECS/ELINCS : - / - Classification : Composé éthoxylé Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM LAURETH-5 CARBOXYLATE
SODIUM LAURETH-6 CARBOXYLATE N° CAS : 33939-64-9 "Pas terrible" dans toutes les catégories. Nom INCI : SODIUM LAURETH-6 CARBOXYLATE Classification : Composé éthoxylé Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM LAURETH-6 CARBOXYLATE
SODIUM LAURETH-7 SULFATE N° CAS : 9004-82-4 Nom INCI : SODIUM LAURETH-7 SULFATE Classification : Sulfate, Composé éthoxylé Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM LAURETH-7 SULFATE
SODIUM LAURETH-8 SULFATE N° CAS : 9004-82-4 Nom INCI : SODIUM LAURETH-8 SULFATE Classification : Sulfate, Composé éthoxylé Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM LAURETH-8 SULFATE
SODIUM LAURIMINODIPROPIONATE N° CAS : 14960-06-6 / 26256-79-1 Nom INCI : SODIUM LAURIMINODIPROPIONATE Nom chimique : Sodium N-(2-carboxyethyl)-N-dodecyl-.beta.-alaninate N° EINECS/ELINCS : 239-032-7 / 247-552-0 Ses fonctions (INCI) Antistatique : Réduit l'électricité statique en neutralisant la charge électrique sur une surface Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide Sinergiste de mousse : Améliore la qualité de la mousse produite en augmentant une ou plusieurs des propriétés suivantes: volume, texture et / ou stabilité Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM LAURIMINODIPROPIONATE
SODIUM LAUROAMPHOACETATE; N° CAS : 66161-62-4; Nom INCI : SODIUM LAUROAMPHOACETATE. Nom chimique : Glycine, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-[2-(1-oxododecylamino)ethyl]-, monosodium salt; N° EINECS/ELINCS : 266-197-2. Compatible Bio (Référentiel COSMOS). Ses fonctions (INCI): Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre; Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide. Sinergiste de mousse : Améliore la qualité de la mousse produite en augmentant une ou plusieurs des propriétés suivantes: volume, texture et / ou stabilité. Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance. Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation. Noms français : N-(2-hydroxyéthyl)-N-[2-[(1-oxododécyl)amino]éthyl]glycinate de sodium. Noms anglais : 2-LAURYLAMIDO-N-HYDROXYETHYL-N-(SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL)ETHYLAMINE; GLYCINE, N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-N-(2-((1-OXODODECYL)AMINO)ETHYL)-, MONOSODIUM SALT; Sodium N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-[2-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]ethyl]glycinate; sodium 2-[(2-dodecanamidoethyl)(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetate; {[2-(Dodecanoylamino)éthyl](2-hydroxyéthyl)amino}acétate de sodium [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; 266-197-2 [EINECS]; 66161-62-4 [RN]; Glycine, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-[2-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]ethyl]-, sodium salt (1:1) [ACD/Index Name]; Natrium-{[2-(dodecanoylamino)ethyl](2-hydroxyethyl)amino}acetat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]; Sodium {[2-(dodecanoylamino)ethyl](2-hydroxyethyl)amino}acetate [ACD/IUPAC Name]; Sodium lauroamphoacetate; 108538-32-5 [RN]; 2-Laurylamido-N-hydroxyethyl-N-(sodium carboxymethyl)ethylamine EINECS 266-197-2; Glycine, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-((1-oxododecyl)amino)ethyl)-, monosodium salt; Glycine, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-[2-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]ethyl]-, monosodium salt ; Glycine,N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-[2-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]ethyl]-, sodium salt (1:1); SODIUM 2-[(2-DODECANAMIDOETHYL)(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINO]ACETATE; sodium 2-[2-(dodecanoylamino)ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetate; sodium 2-[2-(dodecanoylamino)ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanoate; sodium 2-[2-hydroxyethyl-[2-(1-oxododecylamino)ethyl]amino]acetate; sodium 2-[2-hydroxyethyl-[2-(lauroylamino)ethyl]amino]acetate; Sodium N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-((1-oxododecyl)amino)ethyl)glycinate; sodium N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-[2-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]ethyl]glycinate
SODIUM LAUROAMPHOACETATE
cas no 29923-31-7 N-(1-Oxododecyl)-L-glutamic acid monosodium salt; N-Lauroyl-L-glutamic acid monosodium salt; Sodium N-dodecanoylglutamate; Sodium lauroyl glutamate; Monosodium N-lauroyl-L-glutamate;
SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE
SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE; N° CAS : 29923-31-7 / 29923-34-0 / 42926-22-7 / 98984-78-2. Origine(s) : Végétale, Synthétique; Nom INCI : SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE; Nom chimique : Sodium hydrogen N-(1-oxododecyl)-L-glutamate; N° EINECS/ELINCS : 249-958-3 / - / - / -. Classification : Tensioactif non ionique. Compatible Bio (Référentiel COSMOS). Ses fonctions (INCI) ; Antistatique : Réduit l'électricité statique en neutralisant la charge électrique sur une surface; Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance; Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation; Lauroyl-L-glutamate-Na, N- sodium hydrogen (2S)-2-dodecanamidopentanedioate; sodium hydrogen 2-(dodecanoylamino)pentanedioate; sodium hydrogen N-(1-oxododecyl)-L-glutamate CAS information ?; Sodium hydrogen N-(1-oxododecyl)-L-glutamate/Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate; Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate; Sodium hydrogen N-(1-oxododecyl)-L-glutamate
SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE
DESCRIPTION:
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is a mild surfactant that is used in personal care products for its ability to cleanse and foam, as well as its skin conditioning properties.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is not a sulfate, which means Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate does not contain the harsh sulfates often found in traditional surfactants.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate has a white to light yellow powder appearance and its chemical formula is C17H30NNaO5.

CAS Number: 29923-31-7
EINECS/ELINCS No: 249-958-3
Chem/IUPAC Name: Sodium hydrogen N-(1-oxododecyl)-L-glutamate
Molecular Formula: C17H30NNaO5

Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is a sodium salt of the lauric acid amide of glutamic acid.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is commonly used in natural and organic skincare products due to its gentle nature and biodegradability, making Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate a popular alternative to traditional surfactants.

Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is an amino acid surfactant synthesised by acylation and neutralisation of lauric acid and glutamate from corn fermentation.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is natural, moisturising and mild.
Besides its good surface properties, Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate hardly irritates the skin and does not cause allergies and toxicity to the skin.

Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate has excellent foaming performance over a wide pH range (pH 5.0-9.0), with foaming increasing as the pH decreases.
The best and most stable results are achieved at a pH of 6.0-6.5, where Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate also perfectly matches the acid mantle and leaves a pleasant, soft and moist feeling during and after washing.

Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is suitable for use in weakly acidic and non-sensitising formulations.
Compared to other surfactants, the cleaning power of glutamate-based surfactant is relatively weak.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is not suitable for making products with high foaming requirements, so Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate can be combined very well with other surfactants to enhance the cleaning power Due to its weak acidity, Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is particularly suitable for baby and non-irritant product applications.

Considering its self-thickening properties, Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is recommended for the preparation of emulsions of opaque products and foam products with low viscosity.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is suitable for various application forms: solid, liquid paste, powder, etc.

Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is derived from glutamic acid (an amino acid), lauric acid (a fatty acid derived from renewable plant resources) and sodium.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is a kind of anionic surfactant of amino acid category.

Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is an ideal ingredient applied in personal cleaning products, and is mild and leaves skin feeling smooth and soft.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is also non-irritant, non-allergic, non-comedogenic and is resistant to hard-water.

Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is a very mild surfactant for personal care, based on L-glutamic acid, a natural amino acid.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is Derived from coconut oil and palm oil, this mild cleanser has excellent cleansing and lathering properties, is eco-friendly, and is well tolerated by sensitive and allergic skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is a hypoallergenic, non-comedogenic detergent.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is Used in facial cleansing creams and oral care products.

Sodium lauroyl glutamate is an anionic amino acid surfactant.
Sodium lauroyl glutamate has the irritant contact dermatitis potential, and possible anti-irritating potential in a surfactant mixture on human skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate Powder is A mild surfactant derived from amino acids.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate Can be used in cleansing applications since it is high in purity.
This is typically why we often hear about sodium cocoyl glutamate in skincare.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is Used in shampoos and body washes.

Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is a mild, non-irritating, anionic surfactant from the natural amino acid family.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate leaves a smooth skin feeling, and has a wide range of pH values, suitable for natural personal cleansing products.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate also produces long lasting, stable foam and has excellent compatibility with other surfactants.
This high purity product has a wide range of pH values, allowing Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate to be used in a number of cleansing products

Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is an amino acid-based anionic surfactant.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is a mild, safe, and green surfactant derived from glutamic acid (an amino acid from corn fermentation), lauric acid (a fatty acid derived from coconut oil), and sodium hydroxide.
Like the other amino acid surfactants, Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is an ideal ingredient trending in personal care products.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is non-irritant, non-allergic, non-comedogenic, and resistant to hard water.

Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is widely used as a primary or secondary anionic surfactant in toothpaste, facial cleansers, shaving creams, ultra-gentle shampoos, and baby bath bubble lotions.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate has stable foaming and cleaning ability in a wide pH range.
However, Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate has low degreasing power, which makes it not over-lift the needful oil on the skin, hence leaving the skin a moist and non-tight feeling.

PROPERTIES OF SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE :
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is Mild surfactant that leaves skin feeling silky smooth
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate has High foaming power particularly in the acid range
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate Improves the general structure of the product foam.

Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate Improves the combability of wet / dry hair
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate has Excellent biodegradability
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate has Moderate tolerance to salt and hard water

APPLICATIONS OF SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE:
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is mainly used for the production of hair and body care products, such as:
• shampoos
• bath gels
• liquid soaps
• cleansing lotions and
• baby care products that are gentle on the skin

USES OF SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE:
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is quite useful in the world of personal care and cosmetics.
Apart from being a mild cleanser for the skin and hair, Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate also improves the texture of the products.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is used as a gentle cleanser more suitable for sensitive skin.

Skin care:
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is Used primarily as a cleanser due to its ability to remove dirt and impurities without stripping the skin of its natural oils.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate can also act as a skin conditioning agent, leaving the skin feeling soft and supple

Cosmetic products: Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is Used as an emulsifier and foaming agent, helping to blend ingredients together and create a smooth and creamy texture.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate also improves the spreadability and application of cosmetic products

Hair care: Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is used to effectively remove dirt, oil, and product buildup without causing damage to the hair or scalp.
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate also conditions and nourishes the hair to make it frizz free and manageable

ORIGIN OF SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE:
Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate is typically made through a fermentation process using natural sources such as coconut oil and fermented sugar.
The resulting product is then further purified to remove any impurities and produce a high-quality surfactant.

ADVANTAGES OF SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE:
- Outstanding foamability
- No-irritation, no-hypersusceptibility
- Silky and moisture after-feeling
- Good biodegradation
- Excellent resistance to hard-water

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE:
Boiling Point 543°C
pH 5.5-7.5
Solubility Highly soluble in water
Viscosity Low
CAS Nummer: 29923-31-7
pH-value: 5,0-6,0
Original material: Maize
WAS//washing active substance: >95%
Saponification value mg KOH/g: 120-160
Purity: >95%
Molecular Weight 351.4 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 5
Rotatable Bond Count 15
Exact Mass 351.20216734 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 351.20216734 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 107Ų
Heavy Atom Count 24
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 363
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 1
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 2
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 543.00 to 544.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 541.00 °F. TCC ( 282.60 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 3.076 (est)
Soluble in:
water, 3786 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Form and Appearance: Clear, colorless to yellow liquid
pH: ~ 9.5 @10%
Boiling Point: >212°F (100°C)
Flash Point: >212°F (100°C)
Viscosity: Odor: Characteristic
Melting/Freezing point: <32°F (O°C)
Solubility in Water: Soluble
Specific Gravity/Bulk Density: ~1.12 @20°C
Appearance: White or offwhite crystalline powder
Acid value(mgKOH/g): 120-160
Active content: 95% min
Sodium chloride:1% max
Arsenic(As): 2 ppm max
Heavy metal(As Pb): 10 ppm max
Classification:Anionic surfactant
Appearance (25℃):Colorless to light yellow transparent liquid
Odor:No abnormal smell
pH value (10% aqueous solution, 25℃):8.0~9.5
Solid content, %:28.0 ~ 32.0
Sodium Chloride content, %:3.5 ~ 5.5

SYNONYMS OF SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE:
29923-31-7
SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE
Hostapon CLG
Sodium N-lauroylglutamate
Monosodium N-lauroyl-L-glutamate
Amisoft LS 11
Sodium hydrogen N-(1-oxododecyl)-L-glutamate
L-Glutamic acid, N-(1-oxododecyl)-, monosodium salt
Sodium N-dodecanoylglutamate
Sodium (S)-4-carboxy-2-dodecanamidobutanoate
N-Dodecanoylglutamic acid sodium salt
N-Lauroyl-L-glutamic acid monosodium salt
L-Glutamic acid, N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt (1:1)
Acylglutamate LS-11
NCX1UU2D33
EINECS 249-958-3
N-Lauroyl-L-glutamic acid sodoim salt
UNII-NCX1UU2D33
EC 249-958-3
Glutamic acid, N-lauroyl-, L-, monosodium salt
DTXSID90885464
MFCD01725209
HY-130313
CS-0107152
F71464
sodium,(2S)-2-(dodecanoylamino)-5-hydroxy-5-oxopentanoate
sodium;(2S)-2-(dodecanoylamino)-5-hydroxy-5-oxopentanoate



SODIUM LAUROYL GLYCINATE
SODIUM LAUROYL ISETHIONATE N° CAS : 7381-01-3 Nom INCI : SODIUM LAUROYL ISETHIONATE Nom chimique : Sodium 2-sulphonatoethyl laurate N° EINECS/ELINCS : 230-949-8 Ses fonctions (INCI) Antistatique : Réduit l'électricité statique en neutralisant la charge électrique sur une surface Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM LAUROYL ISETHIONATE
SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE, Origine(s) : Végétale, Synthétique, Nom INCI : SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE. Nom chimique : Dodecanoic acid, methyl-2-sulfoethyl ester, sodium salt (1:1). Le Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate ou SLMI est un tensioactif anionique doux dérivé de coco, qui ne contient pas de sulfate. Contrairement au SCI (Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate) qui permet de créer des produits opaques, le SLMI a une excellente solubilité dans l'eau, et permet donc de créer des formulations de shampooings sans sulfate, transparente. Il est souvent utilisé conjointement avec de la CAPB.Ses fonctions (INCI) : Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre. Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM LAUROYL ISETHIONATE
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is a cleansing agent (aka surfactant) that can be found in clarifying shampoos, body washes and even toothpastes.
Derived from coconuts, Sodium lauroyl isethionate’s a safe, mild alternative to harsh sulfates and other aggressive surfactants that can strip the hair of its natural oils.
Sodium Lauroyl Isethionate is a sodium salt of the lauric acid ester of isethionic acid.

CAS: 156572-81-5
MF: C30H58Na2O10S2
MW: 688.88506
EINECS: 700-150-3

Sodium lauroyl isethionate is a cleansing agent that is noted in research for its gentleness on skin.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is known to play well with other ingredients, showing excellent formulary compatibility in body washes, facial cleansers, and shampoos.
Suppliers of this surfactant praise Sodium lauroyl isethionate's “dense, luxurious foam and elegant after-feel,” as well as its ability to easily rinse from skin.

As a raw material, Sodium lauroyl isethionate takes shape as white to off-white flakes/chips. It’s also supplied as a clear light-yellow liquid.
Like many surfactants, Sodium lauroyl isethionate can be naturally derived from coconuts, with the final version considered plant-derived or synthetic depending on manufacturing practices.
A unique surfactant, Sodium lauroyl isethionate, often known by the name "SLI," is a mild anionic surfactant, that is derived from coconut.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is used in a wide variety of skin and hair care products.

Sodium lauroyl isethionate is a new generation surfactant that is salt and sulfate free, has excellent detergency, and is used as a gentle cleansing agent in several applications in hair and skin care like shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is a high foaming product that when used will provide dense, creamy lather to formulations.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is naturally derived from fatty acids derived from coconut.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is an ingredient used in many products where a formulator wants a naturally derived and biodegradable profile.
This "chunk" version of Sodium lauroyl isethionate can be used in several ways - it can be melted, or easily dissolved in other base surfactants or polysorbates or glycerin.

Sodium lauroyl isethionate used in a wide variety of products soap, bath bombs, bubble bars, shampoo and conditioner bars, and shampoo and body washes.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate has limited solubility in soft and hard water, however it can be dispersed in water.
This form of Sodium lauroyl isethionate, a chunk, does not contribute to dusting that can be seen with products in powder form.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is stable in aqueous formulations from pH 6-8 at ambient temperature.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is the chemical name for the sodium salt of the methyl lauric acid ester of isethionic acid.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate serves as a surfactant and cleaning agent in cosmetics and personal care items.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is a very gentle cleaning agent with rich, luxurious foam and a refined after-feel.

Additionally, Sodium lauroyl isethionate is very well soluble in water, making it rinsable.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is an alternative to a more widely known surfactant, sodium cocoyl isethionate.
As a raw material, Sodium lauroyl isethionate is often available as white-to-off-white flakes or chips.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is a mild and water-soluble anionic surfactant derived from coconuts.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is mainly used in formulations of shower gels, facial cleansers, shampoos, liquid cleansing systems and luxury foam baths.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is a surfactant and also helps the products to form dense and luxurious foam.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is extremely mild and gentle in nature.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is a safe alternative to sulfates.

Sodium lauroyl isethionate Chemical Properties
Density: 1.116[at 20℃]
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
Water Solubility: 1.66g/L at 20℃
LogP: 0.832 at 25℃

Uses
The water soluble, sulfate-free surfactant sSodium lauroyl isethionate is derived from coconut.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate, which should not be confused with the similarly named sodium lauryl sulphate, is a remarkably mild surfactant and is regarded as one of the safest available.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is found at concentration of 0.009% in leave-on products and 0.64-10.1% in rinse-off products.

Skin care: As a result of its excellent formulary compatibility, Sodium lauroyl isethionate is well-known to work well with other ingredients in products like body washes and facial cleansers.

Hair care: Sodium lauroyl isethionate is a safe alternative to sulfates.
Unlike Sodium lauroyl isethionate which makes it possible to create opaque products, SLMI has excellent solubility in water, and therefore makes it possible to create sulfate-free, transparent shampoo formulations.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is often used in conjunction with CAPB.

Synonyms
Sodium lauroyl 2-methyl isethionate
Sodium 2-(dodecanoyloxy)propane-1-sulfonate
UNII-HR8O7441H1
(+/-)-Sodium lauroyl 2-methyl isethionate
HR8O7441H1
Sodium lauroyl 2-methyl isethionate, (+/-)-
Dodecanoic acid, 1-methyl-2-sulfoethyl ester, sodium salt
156572-81-5
Dodecanoic acid, 1-methyl-2-sulfoethyl ester, sodium salt (1:1)
EC 700-150-3
928663-45-0
Dodecanoic acid, methyl-2-sulfoethyl ester, sodium salt (1:1)
sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate
UNII-II6VCD3S6R
II6VCD3S6R
SCHEMBL19435248
DTXSID701036011
Q27280064
SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE
Sodium lauroylsarcosinate; SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE; N° CAS : 137-16-6; Origine(s) : Végétale, Synthétique; Nom INCI : SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE; Nom chimique : Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate; N° EINECS/ELINCS : 205-281-5. Classification : Tensioactif anionique. Le sodium Lauroyl Sarconisate est un tensioactif anionique bien plus doux que les composés sulfatés. Dérivé d'acide gras et d'amine naturelle, il entre dans la composition de produits lavants doux et est aussi utilisé dans les dentifrices.Ses fonctions (INCI). Antistatique : Réduit l'électricité statique en neutralisant la charge électrique sur une surface. Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre. Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile). Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide. Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état. Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation. Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques; Noms français : GLYCINE, N-METHYL-N-(1-OXODODECYL)-, SODIUM SALT; Lauroylsarcosinate de sodium; N-lauroylsarcosinate de sodium; Noms anglais : SODIUM N-LAUROYLSARCOSINATE. Utilisation: Agent antiseptique; Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate; CAS names: Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt (1:1); IUPAC names: 2-[dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetic acid; sodium; N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine sodium salt, Sarkosyl NL, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate; N-Methyl-N-(1-Oxododecyl)Glycine, Sodium Salt; sodium 2-(N-methyldodecanamido)acetate; sodium 2-[dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate; sodium [dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate; SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE; Sodium Lauryl Sarconinate; Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate/Sodium lauroylsarcosinate; N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt; [Dodecanoyl(méthyl)amino]acétate de sodium [French] 137-16-6 [RN] 205-281-5 [EINECS] 5322974 Glycine, N-methyl-N- (1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt (1:1) [ACD/Index Name] MFCD00042728 Natrium-[dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name] N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine sodium salt N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt solution N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine Sodium Salt Sarcosine, N-lauroyl-, sodium salt Sarcosyl Sarcosyl NL Sarkosyl NL Sodium [dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate [ACD/IUPAC Name] SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE Sodium lauroylsarcosinate Sodium N-dodecanoyl-N-methylglycinate SODIUM N-LAUROYL SARCOSINATE Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate solution [137-16-6] 2-(N-methyldodecanoylamino)acetic acid, sodium salt EINECS 205-281-5 Gardol Gardol? Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt Hamposyl L-30 Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt Maprosyl 30 Medialan LL-99 N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine, sodium salt N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycinesodium salt N-LAUROYL-N-METHYLGLYCINE SODIUM SALT N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt, 10% solution N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt, 30% solution N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium salt N-Lauroylsarcosinesodium salt N-Lauryl sarcosine sodium salt N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine, sodium salt Sarcosine, N-lauroyl-, sodium salt (8CI) Sarkosyl sodium 2-(dodecanoyl-methylamino)acetate sodium 2-(dodecanoyl-methyl-amino)acetate sodium 2-(dodecanoyl-methyl-amino)ethanoate sodium 2-(lauroyl-methyl-amino)acetate sodium 2-(methyl-(1-oxododecyl)amino)acetate Sodium 2-(N-methyldodecanamido)acetate Sodium lauroylsarcosine Sodium N-Lauroylsarcosinate|N-Dodecanoylsarcosine Sodium Salt|N-Lauroylsarcosine Sodium Salt SODIUM N-LAUROYLSARCOSINE sodium[dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate
SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is a colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is an organic salt and an important intermediate for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and daily chemicals.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is a mild and water-soluble anionic surfactant derived from coconuts.

CAS: 1562-00-1
MF: C2H5NaO4S
MW: 148.11
EINECS: 216-343-6

Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is a drug that is used to treat metabolic disorders such as cystinuria and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is also used for the treatment of water-vapor related respiratory problems and cataracts, as well as for the prevention of renal stone formation.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is made through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of taurine in reaction solution with phosphorus pentoxide.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate has been shown to increase locomotor activity in rats by improving their biochemical properties.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate binds to the chloride ion receptor site on the Na+/K+ ATPase, causing an inhibition of the enzyme's function.
Sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate is a cleansing agent that is noted in research for its gentleness on skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is known to play well with other ingredients, showing excellent formulary compatibility in body washes, facial cleansers, and shampoos.
As a raw material, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate takes shape as white to off-white flakes/chips.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate’s also supplied as a clear light-yellow liquid.

Like many surfactants, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate can be naturally derived from coconuts, with the final version considered plant-derived or synthetic depending on manufacturing practices.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is a water soluble, coconut derived, surfactant that also happens to be sulfate-free.
Not to be confused with similar sounding sodium lauryl sulfate, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is an incredibly mild surfactant, and is considered to be one of the safest on the market.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is the chemical name for the sodium salt of the methyl lauric acid ester of isethionic acid.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate serves as a surfactant and cleaning agent in cosmetics and personal care items.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is a very gentle cleaning agent with rich, luxurious foam and a refined after-feel.
Additionally, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is very well soluble in water, making it rinsable.The name component "lauroyl" means that the ingredient contains, as fatty acid component, amongst others, lauric acid (dodecanoic acid) (mostly introduced via an acylation reaction).
"Methyl" mostly refers to methanol (methyl alcohol) as alcoholic component or generally the methyl group as the smallest hydrocarbon residue with one carbon atom.
Dimethyl-, trimethyl- etc refer to two, three or more methyl groups.
Isethionates are esters of the isethionic acid (2-hydroxyethane sulfonic acid).

Surfactants are so-called detergent substances and have a major significance in cosmetics for the cleansing of the skin and hair.
Surfactants are substances which, based on their molecular structure, are able to reduce the surface tension of a liquid.
In this way it is possible that two actually not mixable substances, such as oil and water, can be finely mixed.
Because of their properties, surfactants have manifold uses in cosmetics: they can cleanse, produce foam and act as emulsifiers and mix substances with one another.
In shampoos, shower gels and soaps, surfactants are, for instance, used to wash fat and soil particles with water off from the body.
Surfactants are also used in toothpaste.
Here they promote during tooth cleaning the rapid and full dissolution and distribution of the paste in the mouth.
The surfactants used in cosmetic products are primarily produced synthetically on the basis of vegetable raw materials.
Surfactants are often used in combination to equally meet all desired requirements – like dissolution of soil and formation of foam in combination with a good skin tolerance – in the best possible manner.
Through a skilled combination of a surfactant with unfavourable skin tolerance but a very good soil removal property with a very mild, skin protecting surfactant altogether a product with good cleansing properties and the same good skin tolerances is obtained.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is the sodium salt of 2-hydroxyethane sulfonic acid (isethionic acid), it is used as a hydrophilic head group in washing-active surfactants, known as isethionates (acyloxyethanesulfonates) due to its strong polarity and resistance to multivalent ions.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is being studied as a high production volume chemical in the "High Production Volume (HPV) Chemical Challenge Program" of the US Environmental Protection Ministry EPA.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate Chemical Properties
Melting point: 191-194 °C(lit.)
Density: 1762.7[at 20℃]
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: H2O: 0.1 g/mL, clear, colorless
Form: Fine Powder
Color: White
PH: 7.0-11.0 (20g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
BRN: 3633992
Stability: Stable. Hygroscopic. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids.
LogP: -4.6 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 1562-00-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (1562-00-1)

Uses
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is an amphoteric detergent used in detergent bar soaps.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate makes a dense lather in addition to the lather made by the soap.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is mild on the skin, and non-drying.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate works equally well in soft or hard water.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is also an anti-static agent in shampoos.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate works as an amphoteric detergent and can also be used as an intermediate in preparing surfactants derived from fatty acid sulfoalkyl esters (acyloxy ethane sulfonate).
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate increases the formulation's stability, improves the detergency in hard water, and is smooth to the skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is used in cleaning/washing agents, disinfectants, cosmetics, surface-active agents, shampoos, and bubble baths.
The water soluble, sulfate-free surfactant sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate is derived from coconut.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate, which should not be confused with the similarly named sodium lauryl sulphate, is a remarkably mild surfactant and is regarded as one of the safest available.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is found at concentration of 0.009% in leave-on products and 0.64-10.1% in rinse-off products.
Skin care: As a result of its excellent formulary compatibility, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is well-known to work well with other ingredients in products like body washes and facial cleansers
Hair care:Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is a safe alternative to sulfates.
Unlike SCI (sodium cocoyl isethionate) which makes it possible to create opaque products, SLMI has excellent solubility in water, and therefore makes it possible to create sulfate-free, transparent shampoo formulations.

Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is mainly used in formulations of shower gels, facial cleansers, shampoos, liquid cleansing systems and luxury foam baths.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is a surfactant and also helps the products to form dense and luxurious foam.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is extremely mild and gentle in nature.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is a safe alternative to sulfates.
The most widely utilized surfactants when creating hair shampoos are sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium laureth sulfate because of their outstanding foaming properties and simplicity in viscosity modification.
However, a gentler or less irritant surfactant is desirable when creating a body wash or body shampoo.
A common substitute is sodium lauroyl or cocoyl isethionate (SCI).
SCI is transformed into Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate by adding a methyl group.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate appears that this small change has a significant impact on the attributes.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate provides a dense, creamy, long-lasting lather and a smooth after-feel.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is very mild so it can be used on sensitive skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is readily biodegradable and derived from natural feedstocks.
And Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is easily formulated with broad pH stability.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate also exhibits excellent water solubility so it can be used in clear systems.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is advised for use in beauty bars, hand or facial cleansers, shaving preparations, and baby cleansing applications in addition to bath or shower products.

Production
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is formed by the reaction of ethylene oxide with sodium hydrogen sulfite in aqueous solution:
To avoid contamination and suppress the formation of by-products (which are difficult to remove) the reaction must be performed under careful control of mass ratios and process conditions.
Excess sulfite (SO32−) or bisulfite (HSO3−) lead to an unpleasant odor of the downstream product, higher levels of ethylene glycol or glycol ethers (formed by the hydrolysis and ethoxylation of ethylene oxide) give hygroscopic and greasy surfactants.
Concentrated ethylene glycol-containing sodium 2-hydroxyethyl sulfonate solutions can subsequently mostly be freed from ethylene glycol by continuous extraction with e.g. isopropanol (<0.5%).
Therefore, in the continuous industrial process an aqueous sodium hydrogen sulfite solution is prepared in a first reactor by mixing a sodium hydroxide solution and sulfur dioxide.
In a second reactor the sodium hydrogen sulfite solution is mixed with a slight excess of ethylene oxide to obtain sodium 2-hydroxyethyl sulfonate in almost quantitative yields at elevated temperature and pressure with a precise control of pH.
The reaction has to take place under the exclusion of oxygen and under precise control of the stoichiometry of the reactants, the temperature, the pH and the throughput.

Synonyms
SODIUM ISETHIONATE
1562-00-1
Isethionic acid sodium salt
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
Sodium hydroxyethylsulfonate
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt
Sodium beta-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, sodium salt
DTXSID7027413
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1)
3R36J71C17
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate; Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate; Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulphonate
HSDB 5838
NSC-124283
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
C2H5NaO4S
EINECS 216-343-6
MFCD00007534
NSC 124283
sodium;2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
UNII-3R36J71C17
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt
2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonate
EC 216-343-6
sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate
Isethionic acid, sodium salt
SCHEMBL125497
CHEMBL172191
DTXCID007413
ISETHIONATE, SODIUM SALT
Sodium 2-Hydroxy-Ethanesulfonate
SODIUM ISETHIONATE [HSDB]
SODIUM ISETHIONATE [INCI]
LADXKQRVAFSPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Isethionic acid sodium salt, 98%
HY-Y1173
2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid; sodium
Tox21_200227
AKOS015912506
NCGC00257781-01
CAS-1562-00-1
SODIUM 2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONIC ACID
CS-0017163
FT-0627314
H0241
A809723
J-009283
Q1969744
F1905-7166
SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI)
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is the chemical name for the sodium salt of the methyl lauric acid ester of isethionic acid.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) serves as a surfactant and cleaning agent in cosmetics and personal care items.


CAS Number: 156572-81-5 / 928663-45-0 / 956749-79-4
EC Number: 700-150-3
Chem/IUPAC Name: Sodium;2-dodecanoyloxypropane-1-sulfonate, sodium;1-dodecanoyloxypropane-2-sulfonate



2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic Acid Sodium Salt, Isethionic acid sodium salt, Sodium isethionate, 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt, Ethanesulfonic acid,2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1), Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate, SODIUM ISETHIONATE, sodium;2-hydroxyethanesulfonate,



Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is the most natural , gentlest and biodegradable surfactant on the market.
No intermediary from palm oil, nor large heavy chemicals involved in Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI)'s manufacture.
NO SULFATE which makes Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) very well tolerated by more sensitive skin.


Their manufacturing process respects the environment .
In the form of large flakes, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is preferable to grind it into powder in a spice grinder or mortar before using it.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) melts very slowly.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is suitable for colored hair, babies, sensitive skin and scalp.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a very mild, sulfate-free surfactant that can be used alone or as a co-surfactant.
In formulations, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) creates a thick, creamy lather and cleans deeply but gently.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is easy to rinse and feels soft and pleasant on the skin with a conditioning effect.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) has an excellent foaming profile, its instant foam is comparable to that of sodium laureth sulfate and it forms dense, creamy, long-lasting bubbles.


Due to its excellent water solubility, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) also allows the preparation of liquid and transparent formulas.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is stable to hydrolysis and can therefore be incorporated into formulations with a pH value of 4.5 to 8.5.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is easily biodegradable and its manufacturing is not polluting and comes from the latest technological advances in the chemistry of surfactants.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is also very interesting for the manufacture of shampoos intended for colored hair, in fact, it has been shown that SLMI reduces the rate of color loss caused by cleaning colored hair, compared to other surfactants commonly used.
Finally, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) meets the criteria for the Nordic Swan and EU flower ecological labels.


Manufacturing process: Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) dissolves at 50-60°C in water.
The other ingredients of the formula can then be added during the cooling phase
Solutions with Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) will thicken slightly with the addition of electrolytes such as sodium chloride (salt).


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is extremely soft, immediately biodegradable, this plant-based surfactant allows the production of a wide range of cleansing products .
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is also very popular in shampoos it forms a dense and pleasant foam, rinses easily, is not aggressive for the scalp and non-toxic for the environment.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a mild anionic surfactant derived from coconut, which does not contain sulfate.
Unlike SCI (Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate) which allows the creation of opaque products, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) has excellent solubility in water, and therefore allows the creation of sulfate-free, transparent shampoo formulations.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is produced by ethoxylation, which makes it an environmentally unfriendly ingredient.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a mild surfactant from coconut to make shampoos, shower gels or cleansing liquids.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is very foaming.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) possesses the following characteristics: rich and fine foam; low degreasing powers; low irritation of skin and hair.
Product Performance of Sodium Lauroyl Isethionate: The mild decontamination action of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) makes the skin more comfortable after washing.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is an anionic surfactant chemical compound.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a very mild sulfate-free surfactant (anionic) that can be used as a base or co-surfactant.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is the chemical name for the sodium salt of the methyl lauric acid ester of isethionic acid.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) serves as a surfactant and cleaning agent in cosmetics and personal care items.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a very gentle cleaning agent with rich, luxurious foam and a refined after-feel.
Additionally, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is very well soluble in water, making it rinsable.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is an alternative to a more widely known surfactant, sodium cocoyl isethionate.
As a raw material, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is often available as white-to-off-white flakes or chips.
The primary raw material used to create soap, shower gel, and bath liquids in the past was sodium cocoyl isethionate (SCI).


Unfortunately, SCI is not flexible enough for most applications due to its limited solubility in water and difficulty dissolving in water at ambient temperature.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI), a better product, effectively resolves the issue.


The other properties of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) are superior to those of SCI, and it is readily soluble in water at ambient temperature.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is the new generation of anionic surfactant used in shampoo, body wash, and soap formulas.
With good water solubility, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) works well with other surfactants and in various formulations.


Compared with Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) can be made into a transparent product.
In addition, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is milder.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is transformed into Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) by the addition of a methyl group.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a sulfate-free, water-soluble surfactant that is obtained from coconuts.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI), which should not be mistaken with sodium lauryl sulfate despite having a similar pronunciation, is a very mild surfactant and is regarded as one of the safest available.


The capacity of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) to lather is another advantage.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) produces a natural lather that rivals that of any non-natural shampoo on the market, enabling Nature's Aid's shampoo and conditioner to give an excellent hair washing experience.


Research has identified Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) as a cleansing agent that is kind to skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) has a reputation for getting along nicely with other substances and displaying great formulary compatibility in shampoos, body washes, and facial cleansers.


The suppliers of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) laud its rich, deep foam, elegant aftertaste, and simple removal from skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is produced as white to off-white flakes or chips as a raw material.
Moreover, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is available as a transparent, light-yellow liquid.


Like many surfactants, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) can be made naturally from coconuts; but, depending on how it is made, the final product may be considered synthetic or plant-derived.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a sulphate-free anionic surfactant with 80% active content.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is suitable for clear and opaque system.
The formulating pH should be in the range of 4.5-8.5.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is recommended for use in cosmetics and personal care applications.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a mild anionic surfactant, and has fine, long-lasting and lasting foam performance, strong cleaning ability and fast foaming speed.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a mild anionic surfactant derived from coconut, which contains no sulphate.


Unlike SCI (Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate), which allows for the creation of opaque products, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) has excellent water solubility and therefore allows for the creation of sulfate-free, transparent shampoo formulations.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is one of the most natural and sweet biodegradable surfactants on the market.


No intermediary from palm oil or heavy chemical process that comes into play for its manufacture.
No sulfate, very well tolerated by the most sensitive skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI)'s manufacturing process respects the environment.


In the form of large flakes, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is preferable to reduce to powder to the spice mill or mortar before using it, because it melts very slowly.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is formed by adding a methyl group to sodium lauroyl isethionate.


There is a dramatic change in properties after just a small change.
Besides its excellent water solubility and long-lasting foam, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is an incredibly mild surfactant, making it suitable even for sensitive skin.


Not to be confused with similar-sounding sodium lauryl sulfate, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI)is a natural product, pH stable (from 4.5 to 8.5). and is considered to be one of the safest on the market.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) has some conditioning properties that can help to leave the skin feeling soft and smooth.


Unlike harsh detergents that can leave the skin feeling dry and tight, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) leaves the skin feeling hydrated and nourished.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a water soluble, coconut derived, surfactant that also happens to be sulfate-free.


Not to be confused with similar sounding sodium lauryl sulfate, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is an incredibly mild surfactant, and is considered to be one of the safest on the market.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a water soluble, Surfactant derived from coconut, which also happens to be sulfate-free.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) will be at 50-60 °C dissolved in the water.
The other ingredients of the formulation can then be added during the cooling phase.
After a minor adjustment, characteristics alter dramatically.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is known for its gentle cleaning properties, making it a great choice for people with sensitive skin or allergies.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is also pH balanced, non-irritating and moisturizing, making it an excellent choice for shampoos, Conditioner, body wash and facial cleanser.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is also an eco-friendly choice for those, who want to reduce their impact on the environment.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is biodegradable and made from natural ingredients, making it a more sustainable choice than traditional surfactants.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is an extremely mild cleanser that can be used as a primary or secondary surfactant and is ideally used where a dense, luxurious foam and elegant after-feel is desired.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) produces good slip, low tack on drying and has excellent water solubility properties which allow it to be used in creating clear liquid cleansing systems.


The secondary ester structure of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) makes it more hydrolytically stable than many common esters and therefore its broad pH stability range makes formulating easy.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is ideal for use in shower gels, facial cleansers, shampoos, liquid cleansing systems, and luxury foam baths.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) can also be used to prepare high performance, “sulfate-free” personal cleansing products.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) can be used in the formula of shampoo, body wash and soap.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) has good water solubility, matching up well with other surfactants, suitable for different kinds of formula.


Faintly acid, mild and non-irritate with good formability and washing ability.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is an extremely mild cleanser that can be used as a primary or secondary surfactant and is ideally used where a dense, luxurious foam and elegant after-feel is desired.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) provides gentle yet thorough cleansing with outstanding rinseability.
The excellent water solubility properties of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) allow the formulator to produce crystal-clear liquid cleansing systems.


The secondary ester structure of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) makes it more hydrolytically stable than many common esters and this coupled with its broad pH stability range makes formulating easy.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used Solid Shampoo, Liquid Shampoo with crystalline appearance, Shower gel, Liquid soap.


Extremely gentle, immediately biodegradable, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is very popular in shampoos because it forms a dense and pleasant foam, rinses easily, and is not aggressive for the scalp.
The addition of secondary surfactants such as cocamidopropyl betaine can be used to further increase viscosity.


Applications of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI): Solid or liquid shampoo, shower gel, solid or liquid facial cleanser, luxury bubble bath, and sundet.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is often used in conjunction with CAPB.


Skin care: As a result of its excellent formulary compatibility, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is well-known to work well with other ingredients in products like body washes and facial cleansers
SCI is transformed into Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) by adding a methyl group.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) appears that this small change has a significant impact on the attributes.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) provides a dense, creamy, long-lasting lather and a smooth after-feel.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI)is very mild so it can be used on sensitive skin.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is readily biodegradable and derived from natural feedstocks; and it is easily formulated with broad pH stability.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) also exhibits excellent water solubility so it can be used in clear systems.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is advised for use in beauty bars, hand or facial cleansers, shaving preparations, and baby cleansing applications in addition to bath or shower products.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is suitable for colored hair, babies, sensitive hair and hair leathers.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is often used in conjunction with CAPB.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is produced by ethoxylation, which makes it an environmentally unfriendly ingredient.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used Solid shampoos, appearance liquid shampoos Crystalline, shower gels, liquid soaps.
One of the main advantages of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is its versatility.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) can be used in a variety of personal care products, from shampoos and conditioners to body washes and facial cleansers.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) can also be used as a conditioner and viscosity booster, what can contribute, improve the texture and performance of your products.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used Sulfate-free anionic surfactant for clear and opaque systems.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used extremely mild cleanser as a primary or secondary surfactant
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used good cleansing and outstanding rinse-ability.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used in soap:reduce PH value,mildness and irritancy.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used in cleanser:rich anddensefoam,gentle with good ability to rinseability.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used in shampoo:safe,low irritancy.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used in shower gel:eliminating oil sensation from skin,giving freshness.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used in hand wash
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used in shaving foam
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used in Baby bath products.


Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a synthetic detergent commonly used in personal care products such as shampoos, body washes, and facial cleansers.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is known for its excellent foaming capabilities and mildness to skin, making it a popular choice in formulations where skin irritation can be a concern.


Cosmetics uses of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI):
Utilizzato in shampoo, saponi liquidi, prodotti da bano come tensioattivo schiumogeno di facile risciacquo, buone proprietà detergenti, debole sgrassaggio e lunga permanenza dell'effetto idratante.


Cleansing agent uses of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI): Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) that cleanses skin without exploiting the surface-active properties that produce a lowering of the surface tension of the stratum corneum.
Surfactant - Cleansing agent uses of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI): Cosmetic products used to cleanse the skin utilise the surface-active action that produces a lowering of the surface tension of the stratum corneum, facilitating the removal of dirt and impurities.


Commercial applications of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI): Shampoos.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) helps in removing dirt and oil from the hair, producing a rich lather.
Shower gels and liquid soaps uses of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI): Due to its gentle nature, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI)'s ideal for products meant for sensitive skin.


Facial products: Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI)can be found in facial cleansers due to its ability to gently cleanse the skin without drying it out.
Baby products uses of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI): Its gentle formula makes Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) suitable for products meant for the sensitive skin of babies.


Foaming bath products: Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI)can be used in bath bombs and bath salts for its foaming capability.
Shower Gel uses Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI): They are providing significant improvement feel of moisturizing and soft in dry skin after using soap-based bath products.


Shampoo products: Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) reduce AES irritation and reduce residual AES on the hair to avoid irritating the scalp and causing dandruff.
Soap products: Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is used as the main surface active agent, adding other fillers, such as pigments, flavors, or soap bases, can be mixed to prepare various moisturizing soaps.


-Facial Cleanser uses of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI):
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is easy to use, the foam is fine and rich, and it does not create a dense, congested residue after use.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is easier to rinse off than other surfactant-based facial cleansers.


-Hair care uses of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI):
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a safe alternative to sulfates.
Unlike Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) which makes it possible to create opaque products, SLMI has excellent solubility in water, and therefore makes it possible to create sulfate-free, transparent shampoo formulations.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is often used in conjunction with CAPB.


-Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) for body care:
The most widely utilized surfactants when creating hair shampoos are sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium laureth sulfate because of their outstanding foaming properties and simplicity in viscosity modification.
However, a gentler or less irritant surfactant is desirable when creating a body wash or body shampoo.
A common substitute is sodium lauroyl or cocoyl isethionate (SCI).



WHAT IS SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI) USED FOR?
The water soluble, sulfate-free surfactant Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is derived from coconut.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI), which should not be confused with the similarly named sodium lauryl sulphate, is a remarkably mild surfactant and is regarded as one of the safest available.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is found at concentration of 0.009% in leave-on products and 0.64-10.1% in rinse-off products.



SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI), ALL HAIR TYPES:
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a mild anionic, foam-forming surfactant with a long-lasting, fine foam.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) has exemplary cleaning properties and possesses incredibly fast foaming speeds. Solid content: 77%-85%



SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI) FOR SKIN:
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) does not contain sulfates, the harsh cleansing agents that can irritate the skin and cause dryness.
Sulfates are often found in shampoos and body washes, but Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a gentle alternative that is suitable for even the most sensitive skin.



WHY DOES SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI) GOOD FOR HAIR?
Clarifying shampoos frequently contain surfactants that attract oil because their purpose is to eliminate oil and buildup from the hair.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) in the shampoo clings to the oils and impurities as you push it through your hair and scalp, eliminating them from the hair when it is washed off.



WHY IS SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI) USED?
Surfactants are found in most cleansing products as they degrease, emulsify oils and fats, and suspend oil in order for it to be washed away.
And while some surfactants can be drying and irritating, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) has proven to be mild and gentle.

This is because Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is a large molecule ingredient, which means it cannot penetrate the skin; and therefore, not irritate it either.

Another benefit of Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is its lathering ability.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) allows Nature’s Aid’s shampoo and conditioner to deliver an amazing hair washing experience because it creates a natural lather that rivals that of any non-natural shampoo on the market.



FEATURES OF SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
*Biodegradablein natural environment
*Good compatibility with other surfactants
*Very low irritancy to delicate skin and eyes.
*Good water solubility to give clear solutions.ility:soluble in ether, chloroform, methylene dichloride, benzene(hot), insoluble in cold ethanol, benzene.
*Broad PH range to formulate(4.5-8.5)
*Featuring dense, luxurious foam and elegant after-use feel.



ALTERNATIVES OF SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
*SODIUM COCOYL ISETHIONATE,
*SUCROSE COCOATE,
*LAURYL GLUCOSIDE



HOW SAFE IS SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI)?
With an EWG score of 1, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is deemed to be very safe, non-toxic, a non irritant, and is biodegradable.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is safe for use in a variety of personal care products including facial cleansers, body washes, shampoos, and conditioners.



WHY USE SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI)?
The majority of cleaning products contain surfactants because they degrease, emulsify oils and fats, and suspend oil so that it may be rinsed away.
Moreover, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) has shown to be moderate and delicate, in contrast to some surfactants that can be irritating and drying.
This is due to Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI)'s huge molecule size, which prevents it from penetrating the skin and causing irritation.



ORIGIN OF SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
Lauric acid from coconuts and sodium isethionate can be esterified to create sodium lauroyl isethionate (SLI) in a single step.
Then, sodium lauroyl isethionate is converted into Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) by adding a methyl group.



WHAT DOES SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI) DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Cleansing
*Surfactant



FUNCTIONS OF SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
*Cleansing :
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) helps to keep a clean surface
*Surfactant :
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) reduces the surface tension of cosmetics and contributes to the even distribution of the product when it is used



SAFETY PROFILE OF SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
When used in personal care products, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) was deemed safe by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel.
Their study focused on products with a concentration of up to 10.1%.
According to the CIR Expert Panel, isethionate salts, such as Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI), are safe for use and concentration in cosmetics when they are formulated to be nonirritating.

With an Environmental Working Group (EWG) score of 1, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is deemed to be very safe, non-toxic, a non irritant, and is biodegradable.
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate (SLMI) is also produced by ethoxylation, which makes it an environmentally unfriendly ingredient.



THE NAME OF SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI) DEFINES THE STRUCTURE OF MOLECULE:
Sodium indicates the presence of a sodium ion in the compound.
Sodium is often used in surfactants to improve their solubility in water.

Lauroyl is derived from lauric acid, a saturated fatty acid with a chain of 12 carbon atoms.
The suffix 'oyl' indicates that it is an acyl group, i.e. a functional group derived from an organic acid in which at least one -OH (hydroxyl) group is replaced by an -O-alkyl (alkoxy) group.

Methyl indicates the presence of a methyl group (-CH3) in the compound.
Isethionate is a sulphate group.
It is derived from isethionic acid, which in turn is a derivative of ethylene oxide and sodium bisulphite.



DESCRIPTION OF THE RAW MATERIALS USED IN SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI)'S PRODUCTION:
*Methyl Isethionate:
This is the starting material and is usually synthesized from isethionic acid.

*Fatty Acids:
Specifically, lauric acid is the most common fatty acid used.
It is derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil.

*Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH):
This is used to neutralize the reaction and produce the sodium salt form of the molecule.

*Catalysts:
Certain catalysts might be used to expedite the esterification or the neutralization process.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
Melting Point: 154°C
pH: 5.0-7.5 at 25°C, 10% aqueous solution
Solubility: Soluble in water
White or off-white flakes,weakodor of fat.
Melting point:154oC
Boiling point:Decompose before boiling
Decomposition temp:310.5oC(DSC)
Soluble in water(1.66g/L at 20oC), stableinweak acid,alkaliand hard water
Surface tension:38.64 mN/m(20oC,1.66g/L aq sol)
Density:1.1g/cm3
Appearance: white or off-white flakes
Free fattyl acid: 5-18%
Active content: 75-85%
Color(Apha): 50 max
PH: 4.5-6.5



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM LAUROYL METHYL ISETHIONATE (SLMI):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available


SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE
DESCRIPTION:

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a compound of synthetic or vegetable origin.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate most often functions as a cleaning agent, which also acts as an emulsifier.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is used in cleansing products for the face and body, as well as in shampoos. ,



CAS NUMBER: 137-16-6

EC NUMBER: 205-281-5

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C15H28NNaO3

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 293.38



DESCRIPTION:

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is widely used in various industries such as cosmetics, detergents, household and industrial cleaning.
The chemical name of this substance is N-lauroylsarcosine sodium salt.
Alternative names for this compound are sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate and Sarcosyl NL.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate exists both as a solid and in the form of an aqueous solution with an active substance concentration of about 30%.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is usually used as a secondary surfactant in a concentration range of 1-5%.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a safe amino acid-based surfactant that works well with a variety of glycols, silicones, solvents, and phosphate esters, making it very versatile in cosmetic formulations.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate offers excellent chemical stability and is known for a skin-friendly pH that does not cause additional irritation.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a cleansing agent that enhances the lather effect which helps in the effectiveness of many cosmetic products.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is often chosen as one of the substrates of cosmetic formulations due to its ease of use and its effectiveness.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be used together with SLS-containing and SLS-free preparations.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has mild degreasing properties that help restore softness and hydration to the skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is especially useful in haircare products, where it adds volume and helps to smooth the surface of the hair follicles.

Thanks to these properties, the effect of well-nourished and smooth hair is obtained.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has some antistatic properties (prevents static electricity in the hair), which further increase its usefulness in haircare products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate plays a preservative role in care products and reduces the highly irritating effect of other substances.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a mild, hypoallergenic and non-irritating surfactant with outstanding foaming and creamy foaming properties.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is ideal for use in all types of personal care cleansing systems, especially in the emerging category of 'sulfate-free' cleansers where formulators are increasingly turning to sarcosinates to form the basis of their shampoos and body washes.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, also known as sarcosyl, is an anionic surfactant derived from sarcosine used as a foaming and cleansing agent in shampoo, shaving foam, toothpaste, and foam wash products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the hydrophilic carboxylate.
Since the nitrogen atom is in an amide linkage, the nitrogen is not pH active and is neutrally charged in all aqueous solutions regardless of pH.
The carboxylate has a pKa of about 3.6 and is therefore negatively charged in solutions of pH greater than about 5.5.
Ph-sensitive vesicles can be prepared using this surfactant with another cationic or water-insoluble amphiphiles such as 1-decanol.

Addition of an mixture of equal parts of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate and the non-ionic surfactant sorbitan monolaurate (S20) to water led to the formation of micelle-like aggregates, even though neither surfactant formed micelles when present alone.
Such aggregates can help carry other small molecules, such as drugs, through the skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a cleansing and foaming agent, but that is where the similarities end.
Derived from sarcosine, an amino acid that occurs naturally in the body, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is frequently heralded for being a thorough cleanser but also for being gentle.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate works by attracting excess oil and dirt, then carefully removing the grime from the hair by emulsifying it so it rinses easily away with water.
In addition to cleaning the hair, regular use of a shampoo with sodium lauroyl sarcosinate has also been shown to improve the appearance of the hair (especially locks that are damaged) by boosting shine and body.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is used as an ingredient in shampoos, face cleansers for children and adults, bath lotions and toothpastes.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be found in intimate hygiene liquids or make-up removal products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is also used in household detergents and their professional counterparts for industrial applications, for cleaning surfaces, in particular for cleaning vehicles.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a highly active substance and at the same time it is very gentle to the skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has not been classified as a potential allergen. Safety evaluations confirmed that this ingredient is non-irritating and non-sensitizing when applied to human skin in amounts of up to 15% for rinse-off detergents and 5% for leave-on products.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is approved for use in cosmetics, even those intended for the care of children.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is biodegradable anionic surfactants derived from fatty acids and sarcosine (amino acid).
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has the feature of improving the appearance and feel of the hair by giving body, flexibility and shine, especially in chemically damaged hair.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is compatible with all non-ionic and anionic surfactants and has good compatibility with most cationic surfactants.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is an anionic surfactant from the amino acid surfactants group.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is produced based on biomimetics, which are raw materials that mimic naturally occurring chemical compounds and fatty acids.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is an anionic surfactant derived from sarcosine used as a foaming and cleansing agent in shampoo, shaving foam, toothpaste, and foam wash products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is widely used in various industries (cosmetics, detergents, household and industrial cleaning, agrochemicals, textile processing).
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a cleansing agent that is widely used in products like shampoos, toothpastes and other wash products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate produces a generous amount of foam that makes the application and feel of the products much better.

In its raw form, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be either powder or liquid that is mild in nature.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is basically the salt of lauryl sarcosinate.
The chemical formula of Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is C15H28NNaO3.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a synthetic or plant-derived surfactant (cleansing agent) that also works as an emulsifier, which is a type of ingredient that keeps unlike substances from separating.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is most often used in face and body cleansers and shampoos but is sometimes also used in leave-on products.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can contribute to a foaming effect.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is an excellent choice for use in personal care products, where it helps to cleanse the skin without causing irritation or dryness.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is ideal for individuals with sensitive skin, as it provides a gentle and effective cleansing experience without compromising on performance.
Overall, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a highly effective and mild surfactant that is widely used as a foaming booster in personal care products.

Its low irritation to the skin and gentle nature make it an ideal choice for use in a variety of personal care formulations, providing users with a luxurious and enjoyable experience while cleansing and caring for their skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is an amino-acid based anionic surfactant, moisturizing- and conditioning agent.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a sodium N-lauroyl methyl glycinate which offers mild, smooth and comfortable skin feeling as well as can form rich and stable cream foams.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate adsorbs upon hair, lessens accumulation of static charge and improves combability of hair.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be absorbed easily in skin and is suitable to formulate into dermal cleaning agents.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a non-irritant and biodegradable grade.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is used in skin- and hair care applications.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is an sodium salt of an acyl derivative of sarcosine, which is a natural amino acid found in muscles and other body tissues.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is considered modifiŽed fatty acids in which the hydrocarbon chains are interrupted by an amidomethyl group in the alpha position.
They are used as hair-conditioning agents and surfactant-cleansing agents in cosmetics, as well as to improve wetting and penetration of topical pharmaceutical products.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is also used in the metal finishing and processing industries for their crystal modifying, anti-rust, and anti-corrosion properties.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is mild, biodegradable anionic surfactants derived from fatty acids and sarcosine (amino acid).
These compounds features lather building and resistance to sebum delathering in cleaners, polymers, industrial chemicals, petroleum and lubricant products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is often seen in shampoos, bath, cleansing and shaving products as a foaming agent, surfactant, and hair conditioning agent.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can reduce the irritation caused by the residue of traditional surfactants on the skin with it's good compatibility properties.

As it has good biodegrability, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is in accordance with the requirement of environmental protection.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has a wide range of application because of it's good foambility in comparatively wider PH value range.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is the salt of lauroyl sarcosine (produced by the breakdown of creatine or caffeine), a modified fatty acid.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is often seen in shampoos, bath, cleansing and shaving products as a foaming agent, surfactant, and hair conditioning agent.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate has the ability to enhance the appearance and feel of hair by improving body, suppleness and sheen, especially in hair that is chemically damaged.

This ingredient also serves to clean skin and hair by mixing with oil and dirt and enabling them to be rinsed away.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is thought to be more soluble, and have increased crystallinity and acidity compared to its original fatty acid composition.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is a synthetic or plant-derived surfactant that also works as an emulsifier, which is a type of ingredient that keeps unlike substances from separating.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is most often used in face and body cleansers and shampoos but is sometimes also used in leave-on products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can contribute to a foaming effect.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is a white powder derived from sarcosine, which make it is fate-free and biodegradable.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain and the hydrophilic carboxylate.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is personal care products as well as in household and industrial applications.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is used as a co-surfactant in cleanser formulations such as shampoos and body washes.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can also be used in oral care applications such as toothpastes and incorporated into syndet and combo bars.
The typical usage levels range from 1-5% on an active basis.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is used for solubilization and separation of membrane proteins and glycoprotein's; reported to inhibit hexokinase.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is useful in concentrated salt solutions used in the cell lysis step during RNA purification.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has been used to indicate paramagnetic anisotropy sign change in micelle mesophage.



USAGES:

-cosmetics
-detergents
-household
-industrial cleaning
-Baby Shampoo
-Bleach Shower
-General Cleaning
-Stain Removers
-Shampoo
-Face Cleansing Products



USES:

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is primarily a purifying and cleansing agent that can be found in a variety of personal care products such as face cleansers, shampoos and scrubs.

-Hair care:

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has the ability to clean and condition the hair while producing a good amount of foam that makes cleaning easier.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is also mild on the scalp so it does not damage it

-Skin care:

In skin care products, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is added because of its excellent cleansing properties.
This ingredient leaves the skin clean, smooth and supple while also improving the texture of the surface


-solubilization and separation of membrane proteins
-lysis of cells during the isolation of RNA
-inhibition of hexokinase



PROPERTIES:

-water-soluble,
-pH value in the range of 7.5 – 8.5,
-solid form: colourless substance,
-aqueous solution: colourless to light yellow liquid,
-molecular weight: 293.38 u.



ADVATAGES:

-as a primary and secondary surfactant, it is gentle on the skin,
-excellent washing properties,
-very good foaming properties, also in a higher pH range,
-Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is biodegradable,
-Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is obtained from natural plant materials,
-is responsible for the long-lasting comfort and softness of the skin,
-suitable for use in children’s skincare preparations,
-Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is hypoallergenic and non-comedogenic,
-Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has an antistatic and conditioning effect on the hair.



BENEFITS:

-Sodium laouryl sarcosinate is highly effective, keeping in mind it is gentle and mild to the skin.
-Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is an excellent cleanser and foam booster that will increase the effectiveness and texture of your DIY formulation.
-Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate will give your formulation a rich and creamy form and will make the bubbles thick and fluffy.
-Being a natural and organic product, it works extremely well for people with pH-sensitive skin.
-Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a good alternative to sulphate products, hence making your formulation sulphate-free.
-Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate works well with hard water.
-Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be incorporated into your solid or cream products without heating the solution.



APPLICATION:

-shampoos, especially very mild baby shampoos
-body washes
-shower gels
-bubble baths
-soft liquid soaps
-materials for facial cleansing and care
-toothpastes



HOW DOES IT WORK:

-Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate works by removing the dirt and impurities mixed with oils in your skin and hair.
-Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate works by allowing the mixing of these oils and water, which can now be easily rinsed away, hence cleansing the desired area.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:


-Melting point: 46 °C
-density: 1.033 g/mL at 20 °C
-vapor pressure: 0.02 hPa (20 °C)
-RTECS: MC0598960
-Fp: 267℃
-storage temp.: room temp
-solubility: H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
-form: Powder
-Specific Gravity: 1.03 (20/4℃)
-color: White
-PH: 7.0-9.0 (25℃, 1M in H2O)
-Water Solubility: Soluble in water (293 g/L).
-Sensitive: Hygroscopic



CONCENTRATION AND SOLUBILITY:

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is recommended that it should be used at a concentration of 30% for best results.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is soluble in water and alcohols and insoluble in volatile oils.



FEATURES:

-Antistatic
-Cleansing
-Emulsifying
-Foaming
-Surfactant



FUNCTION:

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a powerful anionic surfactant consisting of sarcosine and its sodium salt with functional benefits including foaming, wetting, salt tolerant, and biodegradable.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is recommended for use in shampoos, mild facial cleansers, body washes and foam baths, baby products, liquid soaps, antibacterial hand washes, shaving preparations and liquid make-up applications.



PROPERTIES:

-Boiling Point: 100°C
-Melting Point: 140°C
-Solubility: Soluble in water



SPECIFICATIONS:

-Molecular Weight: 293.38
-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
-Rotatable Bond Count: 12
-Exact Mass: 293.19668804
-Monoisotopic Mass: 293.19668804
-Topological Polar Surface Area: 60.4 Ų
-Heavy Atom Count: 20
-Complexity: 260
-Isotope Atom Count: 0
-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes



BENEFITS:

-Good in combination with disinfectants
-Reduces irritation of other surfactants
-Great soft skin and hair feel
-Not impacted by salt or hard water
-High foamability



FUNCTION:

-Antistatic: Reduces static electricity by neutralizing the electrical charge on a surface
-Cleaning agent: Helps keep a surface clean
-Emulsifying agent: Promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying the interfacial tension (water and oil)
-Foaming agent: Captures small bubbles of air or other gases in a small volume of liquid by changing the surface tension of the liquid
-Hair conditioner: Leaves hair easy to comb, supple, soft and shiny and/or gives volume, lightness and shine
-Skin conditioning agent: Keeps the skin in good condition
-Surfactant: Reduces the surface tension of cosmetics and contributes to the even distribution of the product during use
-Viscosity control agent: Increases or decreases the viscosity of cosmetics



SPECIFICATION:

-Specification: Typical Values
-Appearance: White
-Active matter (%): >94
-Sodium Laurate Content: <4
-Sodium chloride (%): ≤ 0.35
-pH (10% solution): 7.5 – 8.5
-Total bacteria (CFU/g): ≤ 100



STORAGE:

Store in tightly closed containers.
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.



SYNONYM:

137-16-6
Sodium lauroylsarcosinate
Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate
N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt
Sarkosyl NL
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate
Gardol
Sarkosyl
Medialan LL-99
Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt
Sarcosyl NL
Maprosyl 30
Compound 105
Hamposyl L-30Sarcosyl NL 30
Sarkosyl NL 30
Sarkosyl NL 35
Sarkosyl NL 97
Sarkosyl NL 100
Sodium lauroylsarcosine
MFCD00042728
Sodium N-lauroylsarcosine
N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium
Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt
sodium lauroyl sarcosine
N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium salt
n-lauryl sarcosine sodium salt
DTXSID0027066
N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine, sodium salt
sodium 2-(N-methyldodecanamido)acetat
sodium [dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate
632GS99618
Sarcosine, N-lauroyl-, sodium salt
Sodium N-Dodecanoylsarcosinate
Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt (1:1)
N-Dodecanoylsarcosine Sodium Salt
NSC-117874
EINECS 205-281-5
Sodium N-dodecanoyl-N-methylglycinate
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 000174
NSC 117874
N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine sodium salt
UNII-632GS99618
starbld0009501
GARDOL [MI]
MEDIALAN LL-33
N-Lauroylsarcosine-S-salt
EC 205-281-5
N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine, sodium salt
SCHEMBL23451
Lauroylsarcosine, Sodium Salt
DTXCID907066
N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine sodium salt (1:1)
CHEMBL1903482
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINE 1KG
Tox21_202996
AKOS015901704
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [II]
NCGC00164323-01
NCGC00260541-01
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE
CAS-137-16-6
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE
sodium;2-[dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate
DB-042377
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [USP-RS]
CS-0103267
FT-0631797
L0019
S0597
E81236
A934513
Q309660
W-108241




SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE
DESCRIPTION:
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (INCI), also known as sarcosyl, is an anionic surfactant derived from sarcosine used as a foaming and cleansing agent in shampoo, shaving foam, toothpaste, and foam wash products.
This surfactant is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the hydrophilic carboxylate.
Since the nitrogen atom is in an amide linkage, the nitrogen is not pH active and is neutrally charged in all aqueous solutions regardless of pH.

CAS Number: 137-16-6
European Community (EC) Number: 205-281-5
IUPAC name: Sodium (N-methyldodecanamido)acetate


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE:
Chemical formula C15H28NNaO3
Molar mass 293.383 g•mol−1
Melting point 140 °C (284 °F; 413 K)
Molecular Weight 293.38
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 3
Rotatable Bond Count 12
Exact Mass 293.19668804
Monoisotopic Mass 293.19668804
Topological Polar Surface Area 60.4 Ų
Heavy Atom Count 20
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 260
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 2
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Appearance: Clear to amber liquid
Odor: None
pH: 7.5 - 8.5
Melting point: - 1°C
Boiling point: 212°F (100°C)
Relative density: 1.02 - 1.03
Solubility: Miscible
Appearance White
Active matter (%) >94
Sodium Laurate Content <4
Sodium chloride (%) ≤ 0.35
pH (10% solution) 7.5 – 8.5
Total bacteria (CFU/g) ≤ 100
Product Form Powder

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a mild, biodegradable anionic surfactants derived from fatty acids andsarcosine (amino acid).
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can enhance the appearance and feel of hair by improving its body, suppleness and sheen, especially in damaged hair.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is also compatible with all non-ionic and anionic surfactants and had good compatibility with most cationic surfactants.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is an sodium salt of an acyl derivative of sarcosine, which is a natural amino acid found in muscles and other body tissues.
Acyl sarcosines are considered modifiŽed fatty acids in which the hydrocarbon chains are interrupted by an amidomethyl group in the alpha position.

They are used as hair-conditioning agents and surfactant-cleansing agents in cosmetics, as well as to improve wetting and penetration of topical pharmaceutical products.
Acyl sarcosines and their sodium salts are also used in the metal finishing and processing industries for their crystal modifying, anti-rust, and anti-corrosion properties.


Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a cleansing agent that is widely used in products like shampoos, toothpastes and other wash products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate produces a generous amount of foam that makes the application and feel of the products much better.
In its raw form, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be either powder or liquid that is mild in nature.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is basically the salt of lauryl sarcosinate.
The chemical formula of Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is C15H28NNaO3.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, like sodium lauryl sulfate, is a cleansing and foaming agent, but that is where the similarities end.
Derived from sarcosine, an amino acid that occurs naturally in the body, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is frequently heralded for being a thorough cleanser but also for being gentle.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate works by attracting excess oil and dirt, then carefully removing the grime from the hair by emulsifying it so it rinses easily away with water.

In addition to cleaning the hair, regular use of a shampoo with sodium lauroyl sarcosinate has also been shown to improve the appearance of the hair (especially locks that are damaged) by boosting shine and body.
The carboxylate has a pKa of about 3.6 and is therefore negatively charged in solutions of pH greater than about 5.5.
pH-sensitive vesicles can be prepared using this surfactant with another cationic or water-insoluble amphiphiles such as 1-decanol.

Addition of an mixture of equal parts of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate and the non-ionic surfactant sorbitan monolaurate (S20) to water led to the formation of micelle-like aggregates, even though neither surfactant formed micelles when present alone.
Such aggregates can help carry other small molecules, such as drugs, through the skin.


FUNCTIONS OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE:
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is often seen in shampoos, bath, cleansing and shaving products as a foaming agent, surfactant, and hair conditioning agent.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate has the ability to enhance the appearance and feel of hair by improving body, suppleness and sheen, especially in hair that is chemically damaged.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate also serves to clean skin and hair by mixing with oil and dirt and enabling them to be rinsed away.

As a modified fatty acid, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is thought to be more soluble, and have increased crystallinity and acidity compared to its original fatty acid composition.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate can reduce the irritation caused by the residue of traditional surfactants on the skin with it's good compatibility properties.
As Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate has good biodegrability, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is in accordance with the requirement of environmental protection.

The acyl sarcosines (Cocoyl Sarcosine, Lauroyl Sarcosine, Myristoyl Sarcosine, Oleoyl Sarcosine, Stearoyl Sarcosine) are modified fatty acids, and acyl sarcosinates (Sodium Cocoyl Sarcosinate, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate, Sodium Myristoyl Sarcosinate, Ammonium Cocoyl Sarcosinate, Ammonium Lauroyl Sarcosinate) are their respective salts.

In cosmetics and personal care products, these ingredients are used in the formulation of shampoos, bath, cleansing and shaving products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a powder of a mild biodegradable surfactant produced from amino acid sarcosine.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is very mild, can form rich and stable creamy foams, and can help condition and moisturize.

IN CULTURE:
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate was sold as a special ingredient called "Gardol" in Colgate "Dental Cream", as toothpaste was then called, during the 1950s through the mid-1960s in the US and the mid-1970s in France.
Its current use as a preventive dentifrice is in Arm & Hammer Baking Soda Toothpaste, a Church & Dwight product, where it is used as a surfactant.

USES OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE:

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is primarily a purifying and cleansing agent that can be found in a variety of personal care products such as face cleansers, shampoos and scrubs.
Hair care: Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has the ability to clean and condition the hair while producing a good amount of foam that makes cleaning easier.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is also mild on the scalp so it does not damage it
Skin care: In skin care products, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is added because of its excellent cleansing properties.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate leaves the skin clean, smooth and supple while also improving the texture of the surface


ORIGIN OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE:
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a natural ingredient that is derived from coconuts.
However, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can also be made synthetically.

WHAT DOES SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
• Antistatic
• Cleansing
• Emulsifying
• Foaming
• Surfactant

SAFETY PROFILE OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE:
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is good for skin and hair.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate does not have any common side effects like skin irritation and sensitivity.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is also vegan and can be added in concentrations of up to 5% in leave on products and 15% in rinse off products.

Further, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is non-comedogenic so it does not clog pores and cause acne.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be used on all skin types.
However, a patch test is recommended.

BENEFITS AND USES OF SODIUM LAOURYL SARCOSINATE:

Our sodium laouryl sarcosinate is highly effective, keeping in mind it is gentle and mild to the skin.
Sodium laouryl sarcosinate is an excellent cleanser and foam booster that will increase the effectiveness and texture of your DIY formulation.
Sodium laouryl sarcosinate will give your formulation a rich and creamy form and will make the bubbles thick and fluffy.
Being a natural and organic product, it works extremely well for people with pH-sensitive skin.

Sodium laouryl sarcosinate is a good alternative to sulphate products, hence making your formulation sulphate-free.
Sodium laouryl sarcosinate works well with hard water.
Sodium laouryl sarcosinate can be incorporated into your solid or cream products without heating the solution.

HOW IT WORKS:
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate works by removing the dirt and impurities mixed with oils in your skin and hair.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate works by allowing the mixing of these oils and water, which can now be easily rinsed away, hence cleansing the desired area.

CONCENTRATION AND SOLUBILITY:
It is recommended that Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate should be used at a concentration of 30% for best results.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is soluble in water and alcohols and insoluble in volatile oils.

HOW TO USE:
Mix our sodium laouryl sarcosinate with water in the recommended concentration and stir until a homogeneous mixture is created.
Add other surfactant and enhancing ingredients like essential oils, depending on your product and need and mix properly.
Add this mixture to the warm base of the product and stir until the desired thickness and texture is obtained.

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.


SYNONYMS OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE:
Gardol
lauroyl sarcosine
N-dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine
N-lauroyl sarcosinate
N-lauroyl sarcosine
N-lauroyl-N-methylaminoacetic acid
N-lauroylsarcosinate
N-lauroylsarcosine
N-lauroylsarcosine sodium salt
N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine sodium salt (1:1)
sarcosyl NL
sarkosyl
sarkosyl L
sarkosyl NL
sarkosyl NL 30
sarkosyl, ammonium salt
sarkosyl, potassium salt
sodium lauroyl sarcosinate
sodium N-lauroyl sarcosinate
sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate
sodium N-laurylsarcosinate

137-16-6
Sodium lauroylsarcosinate
Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate
N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt
Sarkosyl NL
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate
Gardol
Sarkosyl
Medialan LL-99
Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt
Sarcosyl NL
Maprosyl 30
Compound 105
Hamposyl L-30
Sarcosyl NL 30
Sarkosyl NL 30
Sarkosyl NL 35
Sarkosyl NL 97
Sarkosyl NL 100
Sodium lauroylsarcosine
MFCD00042728
Sodium N-lauroylsarcosine
N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium
Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt
sodium lauroyl sarcosine
N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium salt
n-lauryl sarcosine sodium salt
DTXSID0027066
N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine, sodium salt
sodium 2-(N-methyldodecanamido)acetate
sodium [dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate
632GS99618
Sarcosine, N-lauroyl-, sodium salt
Sodium N-Dodecanoylsarcosinate
Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt (1:1)
N-Dodecanoylsarcosine Sodium Salt
Caswell No. 778B
NSC-117874
SODIUM N-LAUROYL SARCOSINATE
EINECS 205-281-5
Sodium N-dodecanoyl-N-methylglycinate
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 000174
NSC 117874
N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine sodium salt
UNII-632GS99618
starbld0009501
GARDOL [MI]
MEDIALAN LL-33
N-Lauroylsarcosine-S-salt
EC 205-281-5
N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine, sodium salt
SCHEMBL23451
Lauroylsarcosine, Sodium Salt
DTXCID907066
N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine sodium salt (1:1)
CHEMBL1903482
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINE 1KG
Tox21_202996
AKOS015901704
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [II]
NCGC00164323-01
NCGC00260541-01
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [INCI]
AS-81025
CAS-137-16-6
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [VANDF]
sodium;2-[dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate
DB-042377
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [USP-RS]
CS-0103267
FT-0631797
L0019
S0597
E81236
A934513
Q309660
W-108241


SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE ( Lauroylsarcosinate de sodium )
SODIUM LAURYL ASPARTATE N° CAS : 267653-39-4 Nom INCI : SODIUM LAURYL ASPARTATE Nom chimique : Aspartic acid, N-dodecyl-, monosodium salt Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL)
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl), also known as sarkosyl, is a white powder derived from sarcosine, which make it is fate-free and biodegradable.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the hydrophilic carboxylate.


CAS Number: 137-16-6
EC Number: 205-281-5
MDL Number:MFCD00042728
Chemical formula: C15H28NNaO3



Sodium N-(Dodecanoyl)-N-methylglycinate, Sodium (N-methyldodecanamido)acetate, SARKOSYL, SARCOSYL, N-Methylglycinol, N-LAUROYLSARCOSINE SODIUM SALT, GARDOL, SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINE, LAUROYLSARCOSINE, SODIUM SALT, N-methyl-N-(1-oxodecyl)glycine sodium salt, auroyL, GardolR, 137-16-6, Sodium lauroylsarcosinate, N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt, Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate, Sarkosyl NL, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, Gardol, Sarkosyl, Medialan LL-99, Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt, Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt, Sarcosyl NL, Sarcosyl, Maprosyl 30, Compound 105, Hamposyl L-30, Sarcosyl NL 30, Sarkosyl NL 30, Sarkosyl NL 35, Sarkosyl NL 97, Sarkosyl NL 100, Sodium lauroylsarcosine, MFCD00042728, Sodium N-dodecanoyl-N-methylglycinate, Sodium N-lauroylsarcosine, N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium, N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium salt, N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine sodium salt, Lauroylsarcosine (sodium), DTXSID0027066, N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine, sodium salt, sodium [dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate, 632GS99618, Sarcosine, N-lauroyl-, sodium salt, Sodium N-Dodecanoylsarcosinate, Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt (1:1), N-Dodecanoylsarcosine Sodium Salt, Caswell No. 778B, Lauroylsarcosine (sodium salt), NSC-117874, sodium lauroyl sarcosine, SODIUM N-LAUROYL SARCOSINATE, EINECS 205-281-5, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 000174, NSC 117874, n-lauryl sarcosine sodium salt, UNII-632GS99618, sodium 2-(N-methyldodecanamido)acetate, starbld0009501, GARDOL [MI], MEDIALAN LL-33, EC 205-281-5, N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine, sodium salt, SCHEMBL23451, Lauroylsarcosine, Sodium Salt, DTXCID907066, N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine sodium salt (1:1), CHEMBL1903482, KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M, Tox21_202996, AKOS015901704, SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [II], NCGC00164323-01, NCGC00260541-01, SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [INCI], AS-81025, CAS-137-16-6, SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [VANDF], sodium, 2-[dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate, HY-125920, SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [USP-RS], CS-0103267, FT-0631797, L0019, S0597, E81236, A934513, Q309660, W-108241, N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycinesodium salt, Glycine,N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-,sodium salt (1:1), Sarcosine,N-lauroyl-,sodium salt, Glycine,N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-,sodium salt, Compound 105, Gardol (antiseptic), N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium, Medialan LL 99, Sarkosyl NL, Sarkosyl NL 100, Sodium lauroylsarcosine, Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate, Sarkosyl NL 97, Sarkosyl NL 30, Sodium N-lauroylsarcosine, Gardol, N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine sodium salt, Sarkosyl NL 35, N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate, Maprosyl 30, Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt, Lauroyl sarcosine sodium, Secosyl, Hamposyl L 30, Nikkol Sarcosinate LN, Sarcosinate LN, Sarcosinate LN 3, Firet L, Hamposyl L 95, N-Lauroyl-N-methylglycine sodium salt, Soypon SLP, Nikkol Sarcosinate LN 3, Oramix L 30, GM 9011, N-Dodecanoylsarcosine sodium salt, Sarkosyl, Enagicol L 30N, Soypon SLE, Sarcosinate LN 30, Medialan LD, Protelan LS 9011, Crodasinic LS 95, Perlastan L 30, Nikkol Sarcosine Na, SKL, SKL (salt), Crodasinic LS 30, Neoscoap SLN 100, Nikkol Sarcosinate LN 30, Crodasinic LS 30NP, Maprosyl 30B, FS 701, Nikkol Sarcosinates LN, Surfacare L 30, LS 30 (surfactant), PUJI AS02-30, AS 02-30, Amin LS 30NP, Ucefactant LS 30N, Crodasinic LS 40, LS 30, Aminosyl L 30, 1322-85-6, 75195-12-9, 76724-33-9, 912455-41-5, N-Dodecanoylsarcosine Sodium Salt, GARDOL, Sodium N-Lauroylsarcosinate, Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt, N-Lauroyl sarcosine sodium salt, Maprosyl 30, Sodium N-Dodecanoylsarcosinate, SARKOSYL, Sarcosyl,Sarkosyl NL,Sodium N-dodecanoyl-N-methylglycinate, SARKOSYL NL-30, sodium N-lauroyl-sarcosinate, SARCOSYL, GardolR, N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine sodium salt,Sarkosyl NL, N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt, SARCOSYL NL, SARKOSYL NL, Sodium N-Lauroylsarcosinate, Compound 105, N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine, sodium salt, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, Compound 105, Gardol, Hamposyl L-30, Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt, Maprosyl 30, Medialan LL-99, N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine, sodium salt, N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium, N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium salt, Sarcosyl NL, Sarcosyl NL 30, Sarkosyl NL, Sarkosyl NL 100, Sarkosyl NL 30, Sarkosyl NL 35, Sarkosyl NL 97, Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate, Sodium N-lauroylsarcosine, Sodium lauroylsarcosine, Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt, Sarcosine, N-lauroyl-, sodium salt (8CI), Gardol, Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt, Hamposyl L-30, Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt, Maprosyl 30, Medialan LL-99, N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine, sodium salt, N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium, N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium salt, N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine, sodium salt, Sarcosine, N-lauroyl-, sodium salt, Sarcosyl NL, Sarcosyl NL 30, Sarkosyl NL, Sarkosyl NL 100, Sarkosyl NL 30, Sarkosyl NL 35, Sarkosyl NL 97, Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate, Sodium N-lauroylsarcosine, Sodium lauroylsarcosinate, Sodium lauroylsarcosine, 137-16-6, 205-281-5, GARDOL, GARDOL [MI], MEDIALAN LL-33, MEDIALAN LL-99, N-LAUROYLSARCOSINE SODIUM SALT, N-METHYL-N-(1-OXODODECYL)GLYCINE SODIUM SALT (1:1), NSC-117874, SARKOSYL, SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [II], SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [INCI], SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [USP-RS], SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [VANDF], SODIUM N-LAUROYL SARCOSINATE, SODIUM N-LAUROYLSARCOSINATE,



Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a white powder.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is an anionic surfactant with an ability to denature proteins.
Due to its microbicidal property, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is being considered as a potent anti-microbicide in topical formulations, especially against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is non flammable.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl), also known as sarkosyl, is a white powder derived from sarcosine, which make it is fate-free and biodegradable.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the hydrophilic carboxylate.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a sodium salt of Lauroyl Sarcosinate, an ester of Lauroyl alcohol and Sarcosine amino acid.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a secondary surfactant in a wide range of cleansing applications.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) can work with mild surfactants like betaines or replace them as it is also an alkyl-amino acid type surfactant similarly gentle and effective.


Milder than Mono Alkyl Phosphates, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) exhibits superior mildness and lower irritation potential.
In addition, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has an excellent sensory profile, leaving a long-lasting soft and silky after-feel on the skin.
Foaming properties are comparable with betaines and alkyl ether sulfates.


Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate, often known as Sarcosyl, is one of the most widely used amino acid-derived surfactants.
Amino acid surfactants are a group of surfactants derived from amino acids and fatty acids.
They have been trending surfactants to use in a wide range of personal care products for their complete biodegradability, high safeness, mildness, and non-irritation properties.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is derived from sarcosine, a natural amino acid found in the human body and just about every type of biological material from animals to plants.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a safe amino acid-based surfactant that works well with a variety of glycols, silicones, solvents, and phosphate esters, making it very versatile in cosmetic formulations.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) offers excellent chemical stability and is known for a skin-friendly pH that does not cause additional irritation.
Coconut is a common source of Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) in cosmetic products.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a highly active substance and at the same time it is very gentle to the skin.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has not been classified as a potential allergen.
Safety evaluations confirmed that Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is non-irritating and non-sensitizing when applied to human skin in amounts of up to 15% for rinse-off detergents and 5% for leave-on products.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is approved for use in cosmetics, even those intended for the care of children.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl), also known as sarkosyl, is a white powder derived from sarcosine, which make it is fate-free and biodegradable.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the hydrophilic carboxylate.


In mineral flotation, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has a good synergistic effect with cationic surfactants and achieves higher flotation efficiency.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a new type of amino acid anionic surfactant.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has the characteristics of washing, emulsifying, permeating and solubilizing.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has the properties of antimicrobial, bactericidal, mildew-proof, corrosion-proof and antistatic.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is an anionic surfactant from the group of amino-acid surfactants with INCI name: Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is produced basing on biomimetics, which are raw materials imitating naturally occurring chemical compounds and fatty acids (raw materials of plant origin).
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is totally eco-friendly.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has good biodegradability and no pollution to the environment, at all.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used Paint, ink additives, increase compatibility and stability;
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used Corrosion inhibitor and rust remover in metal processing;
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used in medicine as a solvent for cell purification;


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is an anionic surfactant, especially suitable for the preparation of shampoo, bath liquid, cleansing milk, baby detergent, tableware detergent and so on.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used in medicine as a solvent for cell purification.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is an ionic surfactant used as a foaming agent in foam wash products
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is derived from sarcosine (an amino acid found naturally in the body) and Normally used as a secondary surfactant to boost foam and luxury.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) helps in hair formulations to enhance suppleness of hair and improve body.
Characteristics
Adds mildness to final formulations whilst also boosting the foam of the formulation.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) can be used alongisde both SLS and SLS Free formulations to increase foam and luxuriousness.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has mild refatting properties that helps to bring softeness and moisture to the skin.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is especially useful in haircare products where it aids volume and helps smooth the hair folicle surface.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has some anti-static properties which further enchance its usefullness in haircare products.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is mild, biodegradable anionic surfactants derived from sarcosine used as a foaming and cleansing agent in shampoo, shaving foam, toothpaste, and foam wash products.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the hydrophilic carboxylate.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a high foam, eco-friendly surfactant.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has good chlorine stability with anti-corrosion properties.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has excellent ocular tolerance and gentleness.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is often seen in shampoos, bath, cleansing and shaving products as a foaming agent, surfactant, and hair conditioning agent.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has the ability to enhance the appearance and feel of hair by improving body, suppleness and sheen, especially in hair that is chemically damaged.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) also serves to clean skin and hair by mixing with oil and dirt and enabling them to be rinsed away.


As a modified fatty acid, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is thought to be more soluble, and have increased crystallinity and acidity compared to its original fatty acid composition.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is personal care products as well as in household and industrial applications, and it is used as a co-surfactant in cleanser formulations such as shampoos and body washes.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) can also be used in oral care applications such as toothpastes and incorporated into syndet and combo bars.
The typical usage levels of Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is range from 1-5% on an active basis.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used for solubilization and separation of membrane proteins and glycoprotein's; reported to inhibit hexokinase.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is useful in concentrated salt solutions used in the cell lysis step during RNA purification (helps avoid excessive foaming).
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has been used to indicate paramagnetic anisotropy sign change in micelle mesophage.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) inhibits bacterial flora of human saliva/gut at 0.25% as well as acting as a fungi static agent in aqueous dispersion (1%).
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used Detergent, foaming agent, antienzyme for dentifrices.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is suitable for solubilization and separation of membrane proteins, lysis of cells during the isolation of RNA, and inhibition of hexokinase
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is permitted in baby care cleansing applications such as head-to-toe shampoos.


In addition, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a common ingredient in high-end hair shampoo, body and face washes, shower gels, facial cleansers, and toothpaste.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl), also known as sarcosyl, is an anionic surfactant derived from sarcosine used as a foaming and cleansing agent in shampoo, shaving foam, toothpaste, and foam wash products.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the hydrophilic carboxylate.
Since the nitrogen atom is in an amide linkage, the nitrogen is not pH active and is neutrally charged in all aqueous solutions regardless of pH.
The carboxylate has a pKa of about 3.6 and is therefore negatively charged in solutions of pH greater than about 5.5.


pH-sensitive vesicles can be prepared using Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) with another cationic or water-insoluble amphiphiles such as 1-decanol.
Addition of an mixture of equal parts of Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) and the non-ionic surfactant sorbitan monolaurate (S20) to a buffered water:ethanol solution led to the formation of micelle-like aggregates, even though neither surfactant formed micelles when present alone.


Such aggregates can help carry other small molecules, such as drugs, through the skin.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is mild, biodegradable anionic surfactants derived from fatty acids and sarcosine (amino acid).
These compounds features lather building and resistance to sebum delathering in cleaners, polymers, industrial chemicals, petroleum and lubricant products.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) can reduce the irritation caused by the residue of traditional surfactants on the skin with it's good compatibility
properties.
As Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has good biodegrability, it is in accordance with the requirement of environmental protection.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a cleanser and foaming agent that helps with the effectiveness and feel of our toothpaste.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is widely used as a primary or secondary anionic surfactant in toothpaste, facial cleansers, ultra-gentle shampoos, and baby bath bubble lotions.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has excellent foaming and cleaning ability in a wide pH range.
However, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has low degreasing power, which makes it not over-lift the needful oil on the skin, hence leaving the skin a moist and non-tight feeling.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a compound of synthetic or vegetable origin.
As a surfactant, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) most often functions as a cleaning agent, which also acts as an emulsifier.
Due to its properties, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used in cleansing products for the face and body, as well as in shampoos.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is widely used in various industries such as cosmetics, detergents, household and industrial cleaning.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl), also known as sarkosyl, is an ionic surfactant used as a cleansing agent in toothpaste, shampoo, and shaving foam.
Ungraded products supplied by BioWorld are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used as an ingredient in shampoos, face cleansers for children and adults, bath lotions and toothpastes.
In addition, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) can be found in intimate hygiene liquids or make-up removal products.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is also used in household detergents and their professional counterparts for industrial applications, for cleaning surfaces, in particular for cleaning vehicles.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is personal care products as well as in household and industrial applications, and it is used as a co-surfactant in cleanser formulations such as shampoos and body washes.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) can also be used in oral care applications such as toothpastes and incorporated into syndet and combo bars.


The typical usage levels range from 1-5% on an active basis.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used as a detergent, foaming agent, and antienzyme for dentifrices.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is permitted for use as an inert ingredient in non-food pesticide products.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl), also known as sarkosyl, is an ionic surfactant derived from sarcosine, used as a foaming and cleansing agent in shampoo, shaving foam and foam wash products.
In molecular biology experiments, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used to inhibit the initiation of DNA transcription.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a mild ionic surfactant derived from sarcosine (amino acid) and fatty acids.
This reaction is catalyzed by alkali.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used for producing cleaning products and household care.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is widely applied in the industry as a detergent, foaming agent, and anti-enzyme.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is applied in many cleaning products as a foaming and cleansing compound, such as shampoos, hair conditioners, children’s hygiene products, carpet cleaners, etc.


Besides, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is biodegradable.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is widely used in industry, especially for cleaning products and household care.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is mild, effective, and a great foam maker in a wide range of pH, so it can be used for manufacturing various kinds of products.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used for manufacturing: Bathroom cleaners, Carpet and floor cleaners, Antistatic agents, Drain products, Bleaches and disinfectants, Hair products (shampoo, hair conditioners, hair bleach, etc.), Body hygiene products (body scrub, body wash, hand soap, body lotion, etc.).


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used Personal care products (face wash, deodorant, face moisturizer/ cream/ mask, fragrance, etc.),
Children and babies’ products (shampoo, baby oil, baby powder, etc.),
Dental care (mouthwash and toothpaste), Make-up and related,


Indirect food additive (FDA approved).
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is an ionic surfactant derived from sarcosine (an amino acid found naturally in the body).
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used as a secondary surfactant and can be combined with other surfactants to boost foam and luxury.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has mild refatting properties that helps to bring softeness and moisture to the skin.
When added to haircare products, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) adds volume and helps smooth the hair follicle surface.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has some anti-static properties which further enhances its usefulness in haircare products.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) can be used in formulation of shampoo, shower gel, face wash , bath foam.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is provided as an aqueous solution with the active substance content of approx. 30%.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is widely used in various industries (cosmetics, detergents, household and industrial cleaning, agro-chemicals, textiles processing).


Application of Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl): shampoos, especially very mild baby shampoos, body washing liquids, shower gels, bath lotion, bubble baths, gentle liquid soaps, materials for face cleaning and care, toothpastes, shaving foams, household and industrial cleaning product, and glass cleaning concentrates.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has excellent foaming property and fine and durable foam.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is suitable for foaming agent, shampoo and shaving cream for toothpaste and cosmetics.


Biologically, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) can be utilized for the isolation of RNA and DNA, as a solubilizer in cell purification, as an additive in the isolation of DNA from human serum, as well as to increase the nitrogen fixation capacity of leguminous Rhizobium by adding this product, and has many applications in immunochemistry.


Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) can be corrosion inhibitor and rust remover in metal processing.
In pharmacology and pharmacology, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) can slow down the irritation of vitamin E to skin, increase the absorption of vitamins, and increase the antimicrobial and durability of eye ointment.



CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is an amphiphilic surfactant, due to its 12- carbon hydrophobic tail and the hydrophilic carboxylate head.
The chemical formula of Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is C15H28NNaO3.
Since Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has a nitrogen as amide bond and doesn’t exhibit pH activity, this molecule can be charged at any pH in aqueous solutions.



ADVANTAGES OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
The most important advantages of Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl):
*as a primary and secondary surfactant, it is gentle on the skin,
excellent washing properties,
*very good foaming properties, also in a higher pH range,
*it is biodegradable,
*it is obtained from natural plant materials,
*is responsible for the long-lasting comfort and softness of the skin,
*suitable for use in children’s skincare preparations,
*it is hypoallergenic and non-comedogenic,
*it has an antistatic and conditioning effect on the hair.



FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
*Mild, safe, and low irritation.
*Excellent stability and foamability in the pH range from strong base to weak acid.
*Low degreasing power, gives the skin a moist and non-tight feeling after washing.
*Good compatibility and can be compounded with other anionic surfactants to reduce irritation and improve foaming performance.



STABILITY/SHELF LIFE OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is stable at a wide pH range, except in strong acid and alkali.



PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Advantages of the product:
*anionic surfactant very gentle for skin,
*very good foaming properties,
*reduces the irritant effect of other surfactants on skin,
*excellent cleaning properties,
*provides the skin long-term comfort and softness sensation,
*due to high absorbtion on the surface of hair, reduction of static *electricity and binding, provides the hair soft and silky sensation,
*it is easily biodegradable,
*based on renewable raw materials of plant-origin,
*contains no preservatives,
*may be used in the presence of oxidizing agents.



CHEMICALS AND SURFACTANTS DETAILS OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is an anionic surfactant derived from sarcosine
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used as a foaming and cleansing agent in shampoo, bodywash,handwash,facewash.



THE ROLE AND ACTION OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL) IN COSMETICS AND PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS:
The role and action of Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) in cosmetics and personal care products:
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a cleansing agent that enhances the lather effect which helps in the effectiveness of many cosmetic products.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is often chosen as one of the substrates of cosmetic formulations due to its ease of use and its effectiveness.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) can be used together with SLS-containing and SLS-free preparations.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has mild degreasing properties that help restore softness and hydration to the skin.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is especially useful in haircare products, where it adds volume and helps to smooth the surface of the hair follicles.

Thanks to these properties, the effect of well-nourished and smooth hair is obtained.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has some antistatic properties (prevents static electricity in the hair), which further increase its usefulness in haircare products.
In addition, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) plays a preservative role in care products and reduces the highly irritating effect of other substances.



GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) (C15H28NO3) is the INCI name of an anionic surfactant from the group of surfactants.
The chemical name of Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is N-lauroylsarcosine sodium salt.

Alternative names for Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) are sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate and Sarcosyl NL.
The CAS number that uniquely identifies Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is 137-16-6.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) exists both as a solid and in the form of an aqueous solution with an active substance concentration of about 30%.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is usually used as a secondary surfactant in a concentration range of 1-5%.



FUNCTIONS OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is often seen in shampoos, bath, cleansing and shaving products as a foaming agent, surfactant, and hair conditioning agent.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has the ability to enhance the appearance and feel of hair by improving body, suppleness and sheen, especially in hair that is chemically damaged.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) also serves to clean skin and hair by mixing with oil and dirt and enabling them to be rinsed away.
As a modified fatty acid, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is thought to be more soluble, and have increased crystallinity and acidity compared to its original fatty acid composition.



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
*water-soluble,
*pH value in the range of 7.5 – 8.5,
*solid form: colourless substance,
*aqueous solution: colourless to light yellow liquid,
*molecular weight: 293.38 u.



SAFETY OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is a safe, non-toxic, and mild cleansing agent with excellent cleansing/foaming performance even in hard water, thanks to ideal compatibility with skin and hair.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is also a readily biodegradable and environmentally friendly ingredient.



BIOCHEM/PHYSIOL ACTIONS OF SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is an anionic surfactant which also has protein denaturant potency.
In addition, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) has been shown as a microbicide for sexually transmitted diseases.



IN CULTURE, SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) was sold as a special ingredient called "Gardol" in Colgate "Dental Cream", as toothpaste was then called, during the 1950s through the mid-1960s in the US and the mid-1970s in France.
Its current use as a preventive dentifrice is in Arm & Hammer Baking Soda Toothpaste, a Church & Dwight product, where Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is used as a surfactant.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl), like SDS is also used to denature proteins and disrupt biological membranes.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is an sodium salt of an acyl derivative of sarcosine, which is a natural amino acid found in muscles and other body tissues.
Acyl sarcosines are considered modifiŽed fatty acids in which the hydrocarbon chains are interrupted by an amidomethyl group in the alpha position.

They are used as hair-conditioning agents and surfactant-cleansing agents in cosmetics, as well as to improve wetting and penetration of topical pharmaceutical products.
Acyl sarcosines and their sodium salts are also used in the metal finishing and processing industries for their crystal modifying, anti-rust, and anti-corrosion properties.



WHY WE USE SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (Sarcosyl) is very mild, but also very effective.
What’s more, FDA approved as an indirect food additive, and CIR approved when used in rinse-off products, or in leave-on products at concentrations of 5% or less.



HOW TO USE SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Normally used as a secondary surfactant at 1 -5% to increase the midlness and boost foam of foaming formulations.
To aid stability of the final formulation, the pH should be greater than 6.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Chemical formula: C15H28NNaO3
Molar mass: 293.383 g·mol−1
Melting point: 140 °C (284 °F; 413 K)
Physical state: powder
Color: white
Odor: characteristic
Melting point/freezing point
Melting point: 146 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 350 - 410 °C at 1.013 hPa
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: ca.8 at 30 g/l at 20 °C

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: at 20 °C soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: 0,02 hPa at 20 °C
Density: 1,14 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Melting point: 46 °C

Density: 1.033 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor pressure: 0.02 hPa (20 °C)
RTECS: MC0598960
Flash point: 267℃
storage temp.: room temp
solubility: H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
form: Powder
Specific Gravity: 1.03 (20/4℃)
color: White
Odor: at 100.00?%. bland
PH: 7.0-9.0 (25℃, 1M in H2O)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water (293 g/L).
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax:
λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.2
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.06
Merck: 14,4368
BRN: 5322974
Stability: Stable.

LogP: 0.37
CAS DataBase Reference 137-16-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE
FDA 21 CFR: 175.105; 177.1200
FDA UNII: 632GS99618
EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate (137-16-6)
Cosmetics Info: Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate
Molecular Weight: 293.38 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 12
Exact Mass: 293.19668804 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 293.19668804 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 60.4Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 20
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 260
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Molecular Weight: 293.38
Exact Mass:293.196686
EC Number:205-281-5
UNII:632GS99618
DSSTox ID:DTXSID0027066
HScode:34021190
PSA: 60.4
XLogP3:2.11560
Appearance:White Powder
Density:1.033 g/mL at 20 °C
Melting Point:46 °C
Boiling Point:100ºC
Flash Point:267℃
Water Solubility:soluble in water (293 g/L).
Storage Conditions:room temp
Vapor Pressure:0.02 hPa (20 °C)



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P3
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature
2 - 8 °C



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE (SARCOSYL):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SODIUM LAURYL ASPARTATE
cas no 3088-31-1 Soudium POE(2) Lauryl Ether Sulfate; Soudium Diethylene Glycol Lauryl Ether Sulfate; Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate; 2-(2-dodecyloxyethoxy)Ethyl Sodium Sulfate; Diethylene Glycol Monododecyl Ether Sulfate Sodium Salt; Lauristyl Diglycol Ether Sulfate Sodium Salt; Lauryl Diethylene Glycol Ether Sulfonate Sodium; Sodium Dioxyethylenedodecyl Ether Sulfate; Sodium Lauryl Alcohol Diglycol Ether Sulfate; Sodium Lauryloxyethoxyethyl Sulfate; Sodiumlaurylglycolether Sulfate; Natrium-2-(2-dodecyloxyethoxy)ethylsulfat (German); Sulfato de sodio y 2-(2-dodeciloxietoxi)etilo (Spanish); Ssulfate de sodium et de 2-(2-dodécyloxyethoxy)éthyle (French);
SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES)
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), also called sodium alkylethersulfate, is an anionic detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste, etc.) and for industrial uses.


CAS Number: 9004-82-4
EINECS No:209-553-4
MDL Number:MFCD01772167
MF:C12H25O.(C2H4O)2.SO3.Na
Molecular Formula:C12H26Na2O5S



α-Sulfo-ω-(dodecyloxy)-poly(oxyethane-1,2-diyl), sodium salt, Sodium lauryl ether sulfate, Sodium laureth sulphate, Sodium lauryl ether sulphate,
Sodium Laureth Sulphate, Dodecyl Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate, Sodium lauryl ether sulfate 70%, Sles N70, Lauryl ether sulfate sodium, NAXOLATE ES-130, WM-AES 270N/370N, (C10-C16)Alcoholethoxylatesulfatedsodiumsal, AES/SLES, Cheap SLES, SLES 28% 70%, Sodium Benzene, Sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, SLES, sodium laureth sulphate, sodium lauryl ether sulphate, Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl),α-sulfo-ω-hydroxy-, Sodium laureth sulfate, Sodium laureth sulphate, Sodium lauryl ether sulfate, SLES 70, AES, Texapon N70, Sodium lauryl ether sulfate, Laurylether sodium sulphate, Lauryl ether sulfate sodium, Sodium lauryl ether sulphate, Sodium laureth sulphate, CAS #: 68585-34-2, Molecular Formula: C12H25(OCH2CH2)2OSO3Na.,



Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a very effective foaming agent.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an anionic detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products such as soaps, shampoos, toothpaste.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) has the potential to be contaminated with 1,4-dioxane (a suspected carcinogen) during the production ethoxylation process.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) should be noted that with the introduction of closer monitoring and modern practices, manufacturers are expected to be able to eliminate these byproducts from personal care products, however practices and regulatory standards vary in different countries.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an inexpensive and very effective foaming agent.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS), and sodium pareth sulfate are surfactants that are used in many cosmetic products for their cleaning and emulsifying properties.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is derived from palm kernel oil or coconut oil.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is derived from SLS through a process called ethoxylation (where ethylene oxide is introduced to change the compound).
This process means Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is safe to use in bath and body care products and is gentler on skin than its predecessor, SLS.
Unlike SLS, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) won’t aggravate your skin or strip it of any excess moisture.


Skincare products containing Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) will be just as cleansing, foaming and emulsifying as SLS but they will also benefit your skin after use by leaving it feeling silky soft, smooth and nourished.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an anionic surfactant which is widely used in rinse off products as a primary surfactant.


In addition to excellent detergency (also referred as cleansing), Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) also has excellent emulsification and formability.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is major component of rinse-off products.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is compatible with all surfactants except cationic.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) based on fatty alcohol ethoxylate C12-14 with 12 moles of EO.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), commonly known as SLES, is a sufactant with a range of applications, including in many personal care products.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an ionic surfactant that is primarily used as a surfactant.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), is one of the most important anionic surfactants that has found broad use in detergents and cosmetics.
Depending on the chain length of the ethoxy (EO) unit i.e. CH3-CH2-O- in its molecular structure, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) may be a more or less viscous liquid.


On an industrial scale, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is mainly produced by ethoxylation of the long alkyl chain alcohol n-dodecanol.
This step is first followed by the sulfation of the ethoxylate product, and then by the final neutralization to obtain the corresponding sodium salt.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a kind of anionic surfactant with excellent performance.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) has good cleaning, emulsifying, wetting, densifying and foaming performance,with good solvency, wide compatibility, strong resistance to hard water, high biodegradation, and low irritation to skin and eye.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is compatible with nonionic, amphoteric, and other anionic systems.


However, due to its anionic character, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) should not be used with cationic components like cationic surfactants, cationic dyes, etc.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an anionic detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste, etc.).


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an inexpensive and very effective foaming agent.SLES, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS), ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS), and sodium pareth sulfate are surfactants that are used in many cosmetic products for their cleaning and emulsifying properties.
They behave similarly to soap.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is derived from palm kernel oil or coconut oil.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES)'s chemical formula is CH3(CH2)11(OCH2CH2)nOSO3Na.
Sometimes the number represented by n is specified in the name, for example laureth-2 sulfate.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is heterogeneous in the number of ethoxyl groups, where n is the mean.
Laureth-3 sulfate is common in commercial products.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is prepared by ethoxylation of dodecyl alcohol, which is produced industrially from palm kernel oil or coconut oil.


The resulting ethoxylate is converted to a half ester of sulfuric ACID , which is neutralized by conversion to the sodium salt.
The related surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate (also known as sodium dodecyl sulfate or SDS) is produced similarly, but without the ethoxylation step.
SLS and ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS) are commonly used alternatives to Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) in consumer products.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a kind of anionic surfactant with excellent performance.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) has good cleaning, emulsifying, wetting and foaming properties.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is soluble in water easily, compatible with many surfactants, and stable in hard water.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is biodegradable with low irritation to skin and eye.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an anionic surfactant made from coconuts.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) should not be confused with Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS)—SLeS is much milder.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a clear, viscous liquid or a smooth, thick paste—it is available at different concentrations and more concentrated versions are thicker.



USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is widely used in liquid detergent such as dishwashing detergent, shampoo, bubble bath liquid, hand washing etc.
In washing powder and detergent for heavy dirty, using Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) to partially replace LABSA, phosphate can be saved or reduced, and general dosage of active matter is reduced.


In textile, printing and dyeing industry, petroleum and leather industry, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) can be used as lubricant, dyeing agent, cleanser, foaming agent and degreasing agent.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) has excellent decontamination, emulsification, foaming and hard water resistance properties, together with mild washing properties which will not injure the skin.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is widely used in shampoo, bath liquid, dishwashing detergent, composite soap and other washing and cosmetic supplies, can be used in textile industry wetting agent, cleaning agent, etc., can also be used as anionic surfactant.
In herbicides, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used as a surfactant to improve absorption of the herbicidal chemicals and reduces time the product takes to be rainfast, when enough of the herbicidal agent will be absorbed.


Bath & Shower Crèmes contain Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), along with a nourshing blend of natural extracts and moisturisers including Pro Vitamin B5 to help keep your skin silky soft and deliciously scented.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a synthetic chemical typically derived from palm or coconut oil, and can be found in many baby washes, bubble baths, shampoos, conditioners and other products.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an anionic surfactant suitable for use in the manufacture of small particle polymer emulsions and dispersions, especially pure acrylic, styrene-acrylic acid esters and vinyl acetate.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is also used as wetting agent in the preparation of inorganic and organic pigments.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used in wetting agent formulations, liquid detergents, cleaners, shampoos and laundry detergents.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is also surfactants that is used in many cosmetic products for cleaning and emulsifying properties.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) dissolves readily in hard and soft water and provides a consistent foam character.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an anionic surfactant.
Its excellent detergency makes Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) one of the key components of rinse-off products, as a primary surfactant.
In addition to cleansing power, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is distinguished by excellent emulsification and foaming abilities, and compatibility with the majority of surfactants (all except cationic).


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) can be used for wood coating formulation.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used in cosmetics as a detergent and also to make products bubble and foam.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is common in shampoos, shower gels and facial cleansers.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is also found in household cleaning products, like dish soap.
The application gives the method for determination of Sulfate content in Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES).
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is determined by precipitation titration using lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2 as a titrant to form insoluble PbSO4 in a non-aqueous solution.


The titration is monitored with a lead selective electrode with solid-state membrane.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste etc.).
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an inexpensive and very effective foaming agent.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), SLS and ALS are surfactants that are used in many cosmetic products for their cleansing and emulsifying properties.
They behave similarly to soap.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), is an anionic detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste etc.).


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an inexpensive and very effective foaming agent. SLES, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS), and sodium pareth sulfate are surfactants that are used in many cosmetic products for their cleaning and emulsifying properties.
They behave similarly to soap.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used in many cosmetic products for their cleansing and emulsifying properties.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is widely used as an emulsifier, wetting, and forming agent in a variety of applications, including metal cleaning, textile manufacturing, and agricultural chemicals.


Its lower pH level and milder properties make Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) less harsh on the skin while still being an effective cleanser.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is mainly used as a surfactant or detergent and a common ingredient in soaps, body washes, and other cleaning products.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an effective foaming agent which also works well as an emulsifier.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is commonly found in lauryl alcohol, often obtained from palm kernel or coconut oil, and is considered a less irritating form compared to SLS.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) won’t aggravate the skin and is safe for body care and bathing products.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES)’s ability to reduce surface tension facilitates the penetration and dispensation of cleaning agents, providing an efficient cleaning process.
Generally, cosmetic products featuring Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) are just effective as those containing Sodium Lauryl Sulfate.


Still, they will provide additional benefits, like leaving the skin feeling nourished, smooth, and silky soft.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) has excellent detergency,emulsification,and foamability, it is easy to dissolve in water.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used as well as favorable hard-water resistant and high-biodegradation.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) can be found in most cosmetic washing products, but also in cleaning agents.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is most often used in shampoos, shower gels and liquid soaps.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is also commonly found in pet washing products.


In cleaning agents, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used daily in our households, e.g. some laundry detergents.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used in the textile industry.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) demonstrates a whitening effect that eliminates even very difficult stains.


Most agents used in industrial cleaning, including products for the cleaning of machines and motors, include these chemicals.
Intensive foaming and the properties that support the removal of persistent dirt, make cleaning of any surface possible, even if Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is covered in oil or other thick and oily substances.


Other uses of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) include those associated with the building industry, the chemical industry, and the production of extinguishing agents.
Visually, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a yellowish-white paste and works as an anionic surfactant or detergent that is utilized in different cleanings and personal care products, such as soaps and cosmetics.


In day-to-day life, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) works as a cleansing agent in different products.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) liquid is taken out from natural sources like coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is easily noticeable on the packet or bottle of shampoo in the ingredients part.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) liquid is generally accepted as a surfactant.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), as a surfactant helps, lowers the surface tension between the ingredients of the product, and due to this unique property, it makes a perfect foaming and cleansing agent.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) holds a great place in household cleansers, self-care, and beauty products too.
In day-to-day products, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an anionic surfactant, and it is used to produce shampoos, soaps, and toothpaste due to its emulsifying and cleansing properties.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) uses hand-washing and laundry detergents.
Also, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used in carpet cleaners and cleansers.
In hair products, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used to produce dandruff treatment products, hair gels, hair setting sprays, and conditioners.


In dental care products, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used to produce mouthwash, toothpaste, and tooth whitening products.
In grooming products, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used to produce makeup remover, lip balms, foundation, concealer, facial cleansers, shaving creams, facial gel, liquid hand soap, and exfoliants.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a chemical substance with similar chemical composition as SLS has, but SLES 70% is much softer and milder on the skin than SLS.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), is an anionic detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products such as soaps, shampoos, toothpaste.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an inexpensive and very effective foaming agent.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is derived from palm kernel oil or coconut oil.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an anionic surfactant consisting of a long-chain alkyl group and an ether functional group.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a slightly modified version of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and is derived from ethoxylated alcohols.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is widely used in personal care and home care products, including: Shampoo, Shower Gel, Face Wash, Dish Wash, Liquid Detergent, and Hand Wash.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is also used as a lubricant, cleanser, foaming agent, degreasing agent, and dyeing agent in petroleum, printing, and leather industries.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used in cosmetic products as a cleansing agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, and solubilizer.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is widely used in liquid detergent, such as dishware, shampoo, bubble bath and hand cleaner, etc.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) can be used in washing powder and detergent for heavy dirty.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) can be used to replace LAS, so that the general dosage of active matter is reduced.


In textile, printing and dyeing, oil and leather industries, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used as lubricant, dyeing agent, cleaner, foaming agent and degreasing agent.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an inexpensive and very effective foaming agent.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), SLS are surfactants that are used in many cosmetic products for their cleansing and emulsifying properties.
They behave similarly to soap and are also widely used as foaming agent and wetting agent.
Also known as Lauryl sulphate shampoo, is has applications in fire fighting foam and shampoo foams.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste etc.).
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used mainly for shampoo and formulation of wetting agent in textile industry.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is widely used in manufacturing shampoo, formulation of wetting agent in textile industry and fire fighting foams.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used Shampoo, Textile industry, and Fire fighting foams.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an excellent all-around surfactant that is used in a wide variety of ways to develop top-performing cleaning and washing formulas.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) also known as sodium laureth sulfate or sodium lauryl ether sulfate provides improved mildness over sodium lauryl sulfate without the sacrifice of critical performance attributes, such as cleaning, foaming, and viscosity response.
The lower irritation, milder properties of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) liquid allow it to be used for all kinds of cleansing products, as well as, baby products, or wherever you want good cleansing without the harshness level of SLS.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) can easily be formulated into bath and body products like shampoos or hand soaps.
Products based on Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) can be thickened with salts, betaines, or amides, with the latter two also serving to enhance foaming properties.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used Mild Shampoos, Bubble baths, Detergents, General Cleaners, Wool washes, Hand Soaps, Characteristics.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is very effective, even in hard water.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used primarily for flash foaming ability in shampoos, detergents and applications.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is excellent skin compatibility, along with good foam and viscosity characteristics, all important considerations in shampoo, hand soap, and bath product formulations.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) can be thickened with salts, betaines, and amides, with the latter two also offering foam enrichment.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is combine with alkanolamides like Cocamide DEA (high foam booster) and coco betaine for high viscosity products that work in a wide range of conditions.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used in the preparation of shampoos, foam baths and liquid hand soaps.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) gives excellent foam properties in formulations where abundant foam is necessary.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is broadly used in hygiene products and cosmetics due to its strong detergency, excellent emulsification, and foamability.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is considered to be a suitable alternative to more irritating anionic surfactants like sodium lauryl sulfate.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), interchangeably known as Sodium Laureth Sulfate, or SLES for short, has been a dominant surfactant used in daily household detergents, personal care products, and cosmetics.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES)'s a mild coconut-derived anionic surfactant with a great balance of cost and performance, dominantly used as an emulsifier, cleanser, and foaming agent in mild skin-touch products.
Thanks to its great cleaning power, mildness, and excellent compatibility with other surfactants, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) can be found almost in all cleaning rinse-off products.


Compared to the other rivaling primary surfactant, Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonic Acid (LABSA), Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is much milder, more natural, and more hard water-resistant.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a modified fatty alcohol sulphate exhibiting low level of colour and odour.


Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) was especially developed for shampoos, bubble baths and other foaming toiletries.
The excellent viscosity building properties, mildness and high foaming characteristics of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) make it particularly valuable in formulating a variety of cosmetic and personal care products.


-Industry Applications of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES):
Sodium Laureth sulfate is an anionic surfactant.
Besides its surface-active characteristics, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) possesses emulsifying, cleansing, and foaming properties.



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES)::
 Compatibility:
Compatible with anionic, non-ionic and amphoteric surfactants.
Due to its anionic nature, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is not compatible with cationic surfactants.

 Excellent foaming properties – Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is among the highest foaming surfactants commercially available.
Comparisons with lauryl sulfate, using the Ross-Miles foam test are shown in the following table for both deionized and hard water.
The results illustrate that while Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) exhibits excellent foaming, the best overall foaming is given by the sulfate.

 Solubility in water of any hardness, low temperatures, perfume oils.

 Continuous stability with pH changes, as well as metal ions and oxidizing agents.

 Viscosity Response – The viscosity of this sulphated lauryl ethoxylate is strongly affected by the addition of electrolytes as well as by lauryl alcohol ethoxylated, amides and amphoterics.
By using small amounts of these materials, a wide range of viscosity is possible.

Wetting – Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a good wetting.
As in the foam test, the wetting properties are even improved in hard water.

A 0.3% concentration of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) required 7.0 seconds for wetting cotton tapes in distilled water, versus 5.0 seconds in water of 300 PPM hardness.
An equal concentration of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) produced results of 17.7 and 25.5 seconds respectively.

 The concentration of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) required for 25 seconds sinking time is 0.06% compared to 0.10% for sodium lauryl sulphate.



PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
As mentioned earlier, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is among the Surface-Active Agents or surfactants.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) helps modify the interfacial tension of water and causes enhanced removal of oil and debris from different surfaces, including the scalp, hair shafts, teeth, clothes, etc.



ARE PRODUCTS CONTAINING SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES) AND SLS SAFE TO USE?
The safety of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) and SLS have been the focus of many scientific studies.
The results show that concerns expressed by some linking them to cancer are unfounded.
None of the lists of carcinogens compiled by respected bodies such as the World Health Organization, the International Agency for the Research of Cancer or the European Union include SLES and SLS.



FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
*Excellent solubility and compatibility with other surfactants, resulting in great formulating flexibility.
*Mild and low irritation makes it perfect for formulating all kinds of skin-touch products, to name a few, Shampoo, Body Lotion, Facial Cleanser, and Hand Soap Liquid.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is used with significant foaming, emulsifying, and cleansing ability, also with good hard water resistant property.



CHARACTERISTICS OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an excellent foaming agent, that provides lasting and consistent foam with excellent skin cleaning abilities.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) imparts skin softening properties.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an ionic surfactant.



REACTION OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
R(OC2H4)nOH + SO3 ----> R(OC2H4)nOSO3H
R(OC2H4)nOSO3H +NaOH ----> R(OC2H4)nSO3Na + H2O
Thus, sulfate content SO42- is monitored at the end of production for quality control.



BENEFITS OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) has good solvency, favorable hard-water resistance and high-biodegradation.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) also facilitates ease of formulation and production.
In addition, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) also creates a degree of thickening to the final product formulation.



ARE SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES) AND SLS SAFE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT?
SLS and Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) biodegrade rapidly and completely.
Environmental assessments, which take into account their widespread use globally, show there is no concern about current levels of use.



PRODUCTION OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is prepared by ethoxylation of dodecyl alcohol, which is produced industrially from palm kernel oil or coconut oil.
The resulting ethoxylate is converted to a half ester of sulfuric acid, which is neutralized by conversion to the sodium salt.
The related surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate or SLS (also known as sodium dodecyl sulfate or SDS) is produced similarly, but without the ethoxylation step.
SLS and ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS) are commonly used alternatives to Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) in consumer products.



HOW TO WORK WITH SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
Include Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) in the water phase of your formulations; it can be hot or cold processed.


STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES)::
Stored somewhere cool, dark, and dry, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) should last at least two years.



ADVANTAGES OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
- Excellent decontamination, wetting, emulsification, dispersion, foaming property, solubilizing performance.
- Good solvency, thickening effect, wide compatibility, anti-hard water and high biodegradable ability.
- Low irritation to skin and eyes.



SURFACTANT TYPE OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is one of the most prominent anionic surfactants.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a negatively charged hydrophilic polar group characterizes anionic surfactants.

When Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is added to water, these surfactants ionize and have a negative charge.
The negatively charged heads of these surfactants bind to polar water molecules.
Their nonpolar ends bind to oil and other contaminants and help to remove them by making spherical structures called micelles.



NEED SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES)?
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is significantly acknowledged as a surfactant.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a surfactant product that lowers the surface tension between the ingredients, and this is the property that makes it a good cleansing and foaming agent.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) holds a great place in household cleansers, and easily find this in beauty and self-care products.



IS SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES) BAD FOR SKIN?
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is a milder alternative to harsher sulfated surfactants.
Products containing Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) are generally safe, except for people with sensitive skin (prone to dermatitis, acne, eczema, psoriasis, and chemical sensitivity).
In other words, if the skin is well hydrated or the stratum corneum is thick enough, the skin is less likely to experience Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES)-induced irritation.



IS SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES) SAFE FOR YOUR SKIN?
Yes, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is safe for the skin.
Many myths are associated with Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) use but the truth is there is no scientific proof that SLES is dangerous for the skin.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), also known as Sodium Laureth sulfate, is a surfactant belonging to the group of alkyl ether sulfates.



WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE AND SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
The most notable difference between SLS and Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) lies in their chemical structure, which gives them different foaming properties.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is known for forming abundant, voluminous foam, whereas Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) produces a relatively moderate, creamier lather.

For that matter, SLS is considered an excellent option for applications where a high level of foaming is needed, like toothpaste and some shampoos.
On the other hand, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) may be the most preferable in applications where milder forming is desired, such as facial cleansers and body washes.



KEY BENEFITS OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES)has good solvency, favorable hard-water resistance, and high biodegradation.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) also facilitates ease of formulation and production.
In addition, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) also creates a degree of thickening to the final product formulation.



HOW IS SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES) MANUFACTURED?
Production of sodium Laureth sulfate involves three major steps:
Sodium lauryl ether sulfate
1,4 –dioxane as a byproduct
1,4-dioxane is a common byproduct of the ethoxylation process.

As mentioned earlier, the first step of SLES synthesis consists of a reaction between lauryl alcohol and numerous ethylene oxide molecules.
Ethylene oxide is reacted with the alcohol, adding a C2H4O group to the end, which increases the molecule’s solubility in water.

But sometimes, the newly formed ethoxylate is decomposed into 1,4-dioxane and an alcohol molecule.
Ethylene oxide can also dimerize to form 1,4 -dioxane.



ACTIVITY OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES) AND SLS:
Chemical products containing SLS or Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) demonstrate very good foaming properties.
Therefore, they react easily with impurities, including oily stains and discolourations, and eliminate them effectively.

SLS and Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) also have excellent washing and emulsifying properties.
Their presence increases resistance to hard water.

They can also increase the viscosity of a washing formulation in the presence of additional non-ionic or amphoteric surfactants, as well as electrolytes.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) and SLS quickly undergo complete biodegradation, so their use also has an ecological aspect.

Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is clear, light yellow, viscous fluids.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is among the most important anionic surfactants, and salts of fatty alcohol sulfates.

Similarly to other fatty alcohol sulfates and fatty alcohol ether sulfates, the uses of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) and SLS are related to their surfactant properties, as their molecules have both a hydrophilic and hydrophobic part.

The ability to modify their properties allows to use these compounds in a range of applications, including those that require high activity (foaming, detergency), stability in a wide pH range, solubility in water or chemical compatibility.



WHY DO WE USE SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES) IN FORMULATIONS?
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is an excellent lathering surfactant and is a great choice for a primary surfactant in any kind of foaming/cleansing product.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is also a fairly decent solubilized.



SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES), REFINED OR UNREFINED?
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) only exists as a refined product.


STRENGTHS OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
Fantastic lather, great cleansing.


WEAKNESSES OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is still a sulfate, which some people prefer to avoid due to possible irritation or colour-treated hair.
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) also tends to get confused with SLS, which isn’t really a weakness of the product itself.



ALTERNATIVES AND SUBSTITUTION OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
Generally speaking, you’d hope to replace any surfactant with one that is the same format and has the same charge.
A similar pH and ASM would be nice, but those differences can be accommodated in the formulation.

Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is also nice if the surfactant has a similar feel and produces similar lather.
If you need a substitute for Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), Sodium coco sulfate is another sulfate you may have on hand, though you will likely need to dissolve it in some water to create a liquid solution with a similar concentration to use it in place of SLeS.



BENEFITS OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) IS A COMMON SURFACTANT, OR DETERGENT, THAT IS USED IN A WIDE VARIETY OF PERSONAL CARE AND HOUSEHOLD CLEANING PRODUCTS.
HERE ARE SOME POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES):

*CLEANING:
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) IS A POWERFUL CLEANING AGENT THAT CAN HELP REMOVE DIRT, OIL, AND OTHER CONTAMINANTS FROM SURFACES.

*FOAMING:
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) IS KNOWN FOR ITS ABILITY TO PRODUCE RICH, FOAMY LATHER IN PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS LIKE SHAMPOOS, BODY WASHES, AND BUBBLE BATHS.

*EMULSIFYING:
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) IS ALSO AN EFFECTIVE EMULSIFYING AGENT, WHICH MEANS IT CAN HELP MIX TOGETHER INGREDIENTS THAT WOULD NORMALLY SEPARATE, SUCH AS OIL AND WATER.

*COMPATIBILITY:
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) IS COMPATIBLE WITH A WIDE RANGE OF OTHER INGREDIENTS, MAKING IT A VERSATILE AND COMMONLY USED INGREDIENT IN MANY DIFFERENT PRODUCTS.

HOWEVER, IT’S IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT SOME PEOPLE MAY BE SENSITIVE OR ALLERGIC TO Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES), AND IT CAN BE DRYING TO THE SKIN AND HAIR IN HIGH CONCENTRATIONS.

ADDITIONALLY, THERE IS SOME CONCERN THAT SLES MAY BE HARMFUL TO THE ENVIRONMENT, PARTICULARLY IN TERMS OF Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES)'S POTENTIAL TO BIOACCUMULATE IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS.

AS WITH ANY INGREDIENT, IT’S IMPORTANT TO USE Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES)-CONTAINING PRODUCTS AS DIRECTED AND TO BE AWARE OF ANY POTENTIAL SIDE EFFECTS OR RISKS.



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
The chemical formula of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) is CH3(CH2)10CH2(OCH2CH2) nOSO3Na, and Its chemical structure is as seen in the picture:
Most of the time, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) presented by chemical providers is heterogeneous, meaning it differs in both length of the alkyl chain and the number of ethoxylates (C2H4O).



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
Apperance: White to Yellow Paste
Active Matter(%): 70% + 2%
Sodium sulfate(%): (relative to 100% active matter )
1.5 max: Unsulfated matter(%)
( relative to 100% active matter): 2.5 max
PH (1% soln.): 7.0-9.0
Color, Hazen (5% a. m.): 20.0 max
storage temp.: Hygroscopic, Refrigerator, Under inert atmosphere
solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Sparingly), Water (Slightly)
form: Gel
color: Colourless to Off-White
Stability: Hygroscopic
InChI: InChI=1S/C12H26O.2Na.H2O4S/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13;;;1-5(2,3)4/h13H,2-12H2,1H3;;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q;2*+1;/p-2
InChIKey: SEKVTWKYOIVNGT-UHFFFAOYSA-L

SMILES: [Na+].[Na+].S([O-])([O-])(=O)=O.OCCCCCCCCCCCC
CAS DataBase Reference: 68585-34-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Polyethylene glycol mono-C10-16-alkyl ether sulfate sodium salt (68585-34-2)
Appearance (Form): Liquid
Appearance (Colour): Clear viscous
Active matter: 28-30%
Viscosity: 2500-3000 cps
Chloride: Max. 1.5%
CAS No.:: 9004-82-4
Application:: Detergent Raw Materials
Other Name:: Sodium Laureth Sulphate
Chemical Formula:: CH3(CH2)11(OCH2CH2)nOSO3Na
Popular name: Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate /AES/SLES
Molecular Formula:C16H35NaO5S

CAS No.: 68585-34-2
EINECS No: 209-553-4
HS code: 34021100
Appearance: White or light yellow viscous paste
CAS No.: 68585-34-2
InChIKeys: SMVRDGHCVNAOIN-UHFFFAOYSA-L
Molecular Weight: 328.376
Exact Mass: 328.13
EC Number: 500-223-8
HScode: 3402110000
PSA: 108.87
XLogP3: 3.6424
pH: 7.5 (10% solution)
Charge: Anionic
Solubility: Water



FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE (SLES):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available



SODIUM LAURYL GLUCOSE CARBOXYLATE
SODIUM LAURYL GLUCOSE CARBOXYLATE Sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate Derived from: coconut Pronunciation: (\ˈsō-dē-əm\ˈlȯr-əl \ˈglü-ˌkōs \car·box·yl·ate\) Type: Naturally-derived What Is Sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate? Sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate is a yellow liquid derived from coconut. Coconuts grow on the cocos nucifera, or coconut palm tree, around the world in lowland tropical and subtropical areas where annual precipitation is low. Widely cultivated, healthy coconut palms produce 50 nuts per year, and the tree can be used to produce everything from food and drink to fibers, building materials, and natural ingredients. What Does Sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate Do in Our products? Sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate is a surfactant that allows water, oil and dirt to mix, allowing things to become clean. It is also a foam booster and conditioning agent.[6] It can be found in personal care products such as shampoo, body wash, facial cleanser, exfoliants, makeup remover, and other items.[7] Why Puracy Uses Sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate We use sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate as a biodegradable surfactant and cleanser. Whole Foods has deemed the ingredient acceptable in its body care quality standards.[9] Research shows the ingredient is typically not a strong skin irritant or sensitizer.[10,11,12] How Sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate Is Made Sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate is an alkyl polyglucoside made by reacting corn starch with a fatty alcohol to produce a highly biodegradable surfactant. We try to be careful about what we put on our skin. We purchase products from reputable companies. We read ingredient labels, and avoid anything that sounds too chemical or harsh. But there are exceptions to the rules. Sometimes our first instincts are wrong. Take the following two ingredients, for example: Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate They look similar, right? And they both look, well, chemical. Which means bad, right? Not necessarily. In fact, one of these ingredients is a sheep in wolf’s clothing, and a very good-for-your-skin sheep at that. Do you know which one? What is Sodium Lauryl Sulfate? This is a common ingredient in cleansing products. You’re likely to see it in standard brands of facial cleansers, body washes, shampoos, and other similar items. Called “SLS” for short, it’s a surfactant made by treating lauryl alcohol (from coconut or palm kernel oil) with sulfur trioxade gas, oleum (fuming sulfuric acid), or chlorosulfuric acid to produce hydrogen lauryl sulfate, which is then neutralized with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate to produce SLS. This product is an effective cleanser but is too harsh and irritating for skin. It’s highly corrosive, which means it can remove oil and grease—but do you want that effect on your skin? Despite its irritating nature, it’s used in the cosmetic industry as well as in laundry products, engine degreasers, carpet cleaners, car wash soaps, and in other industrial cleaning applications. Studies have verified that this ingredient can be damaging. In the International Journal of Toxicology, researchers noted that it had a “degenerative effect on the cell membranes because of its protein denaturing properties,” and that it could cause skin irritation and corrosion. Researchers later wrote, “The longer these ingredients stay in contact with the skin, the greater the likelihood of irritation, which may or may not be evident to the user.” They add in their discussion of the study that the ingredient was found to cause “severe epidermal changes” where it was applied, and that it could also damage the hair follicle (when used in hair-care products). Even worse—a solution containing a 1-5 percent sodium lauryl sulfate caused acne! The researchers wrote: “These two problems—possible hair loss and comedone [pimple] formation—along with proven irritancy, should be considered in the formulation of cosmetic products.” Their conclusion was that as long as SLS is included at less than one percent and is rinsed off immediately, it appears to be safe. That’s not good enough for most of our customers, especially considering that we use cleansing products a couple times a day, every day, for most of our lives. This is an ingredient that with repeated use can cause hair and skin damage. So the first ingredient is definitely a no-no. But what about the second — sodium lauryl glucoside carboxylate? What is Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate? This ingredient has to be similar to SLS, right? Potentially just as damaging? Nope. And this is where skin care can get confusing. It’s a similar name, and it’s also a cleaning ingredient, but it’s much nicer to skin. To begin with, it lacks the “sulfate” part of the name, which identifies an ingredient as a salt of sulfuric acid. We don’t have any acid going on in this ingredient. So goodbye harsh irritant! Lauryl glucoside belongs to a class of ingredients called “glucosides” which are made by bonding the base group with sugar (instead of sulfuric acid). Salicylic acid, for example (found in oily skin care products), comes from salicin, which is a glucoside—a combination of salicyl alcohol and glucose (and found naturally in willow bark). To make sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate, lauryl alcohol—an essential fatty acid derived from coconut—is combined with glucose to produce lauryl glucoside, a mild, gentle cleanser that doesn’t dry skin or strip it of it’s natural oil. Ideal for use in facial cleansers and hair care products, it’s listed on the Safe Cosmetics Database and the GoodGuide database as being extremely safe. In addition, it’s approved for use in certified organic cosmetics by both the Organic Food Federation and EcoCert. The nice thing about this ingredient is that even though it’s non-irritating and gentle, it has an excellent performance profile in cleansing products, getting skin clean without damaging it. Sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate is a “sodium carboxymethyl ether” of lauryl glucoside, which simply means that it is a derivative of lauryl glucoside that’s a more economical form of the ingredient. Did We Clear It Up? We hope that this explanation clears up the difference for our readers! When you see the word “glucoside” in any ingredient, remember that it comes from glucose (sugar), and that is a much better source than sulfuric acid! As we move towards using INCI names on our products, we feel it's important to inform you about that these long ingredient names mean. Often we're told ‘if you can't pronounce the ingredient, you probably shouldn't use it,' but this is of course an oversimplification. Sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate is a sugar based surfactant used as an emulsifier and stabilizer in creams and lotions. It is produced from naturally occurring raw materials using natural processes and is perfectly safe with no adverse effects. This ingredient is approved for use in certified organic cosmetics by both Organic Food Federation and EcoCert. SODIUM LAURYL GLUCOSE CARBOXYLATE SODIUM LAURYL GLUCOSE CARBOXYLATE is classified as : Cleansing Surfactant COSING REF No: 59276 Chem/IUPAC Name: Sodium carboxymethyl ether of Lauryl Glucoside sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate Rating: GOOD Categories: Cleansing Agents A gentle cleansing agent that may be derived from coconut or made synthetically. Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate * A surfactant * Also seen as Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate Very little information is available regarding Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate, although according to TriNature.com, it is a foaming agent that is derived from glucoside from coconut and corn. It is also used as a natural replacement for the ingredient known as sodium laureth sulfate, or SLES. It is seen in cosmetics and personal care products as a surfactant, most often in cleansing formulas such as mild facial washes and special sulfate-free shampoos Functions: Very little information is available regarding Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate it is a foaming agent that is derived from glucoside from coconut and corn. It is also used as a natural replacement for the ingredient known as sodium laureth sulfate, or SLES. It is seen in cosmetics and personal care products as a surfactant, most often in cleansing formulas such as mild facial washes and special sulfate-free shampoos . Safety Measures/Side Effects: No studies were found that reported any negative side effects regarding the use of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate, although it is not reviewed by the Cosmetics Database or EWG. It is considered a milder form or alternative to sodium laureth sulfate and sodium lauryl sulfate. (Sodium lauryl sulfate has been linked to cases of contact dermatitis and other irritation, in part because of its ability change the structure of proteins, while sodium laureth sulfate does not cause this reaction but can still be irritating.) Lauryl Glucoside and Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate Plant derived mild surfactants made from coconut oil. Sodium lauryl glucose carboxylate is a sugar based surfactant used as an emulsifier and stabilizer, it is produced from naturally occurring raw materials using natural processes and is safe with no adverse effects. Molecular Weight of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 282.35 g/mol 2.1 Hydrogen Bond Donor Count of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 1 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 4 Rotatable Bond Count of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 13 Exact Mass of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 282.180704 g/mol 2.1 Monoisotopic Mass of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 282.180704 g/mol 2.1 Topological Polar Surface Area of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 69.6 Ų Heavy Atom Count of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 19 Formal Charge of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 0 Complexity of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 200 Isotope Atom Count of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 0 Defined Atom Stereocenter Count of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 0 Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 1 Defined Bond Stereocenter Count of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 0 Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 0 Covalently-Bonded Unit Count of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate: 2 Compound of Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate Is Canonicalized?: Yes
SODIUM LAURYL PHOSPHATE
cas no 137-16-6 Sarkosyl; n-lauroylsarcosine, sodium salt; N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine, sodium salt; Sodium n-Lauriyl Sarcosinate; Natrium-N-lauroylsarkosinat (German); N-Lauroilsarcosinato de sodio (Spanish); N-Lauroylsarcosinate de sodium (French);
SODIUM LAURYL SARCOSINATE
cas no 151-21-3 Dodecyl sodium sulfate; SLS; Sulfuric Acid Monododecyl Ester Sodium Salt; Sodium Dodecanesulfate; Dodecyl Alcohol,Hydrogen Sulfate,Sodium Salt; Akyposal SDS;
SODIUM LAURYL SARCOSINATE
Sodium lauryl sarcosinate is a surfactant and foaming agent that is often used in personal care products, such as shampoos, cleansers, and toothpaste.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is an anionic surfactant with an ability to denature proteins.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is derived from sarcosine, a natural amino acid found in the human body and just about every type of biological material from animals to plants.

CAS Number: 137-16-6
Molecular Formula: C15H28NO3.Na
Molecular Weight: 293.38
EINECS Number: 205-281-5

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is an anionic surfactant which also has protein denaturant potency.
Due to its microbicidal property, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is being considered as a potent anti-microbicide in topical formulations, especially against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
In addition, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has been shown as a microbicide for sexually transmitted diseases.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a cleansing agent that is widely used in products like shampoos, toothpastes and other wash products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate produces a generous amount of foam that makes the application and feel of the products much better.

In its raw form, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be either powder or liquid that is mild in nature.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is basically the salt of lauryl sarcosinate.
The chemical formula of Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is C15H28NNaO3.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is a synthetic or plant-derived surfactant (cleansing agent) that also works as an emulsifier, which is a type of ingredient that keeps unlike substances from separating.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is most often used in face and body cleansers and shampoos but is sometimes also used in leave-on products.
In cleansing formulas, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can contribute to a foaming effect.

This safe, amino acid-based surfactant works well with various glycols, silicones, solvents, and phosphate esters, making it very versatile to formulate with.
Offers excellent chemical stability and is known to be gentle on skin.
Coconut is a common source of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate in cosmetic products.

Safety assessments have confirmed that this ingredient is non-irritating and non-sensitising when applied to human skin in amounts up to 15% in rinse-off and 5% in leave-on products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is approved for use in cosmetics.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate, also known as sarcosyl, is an anionic surfactant derived from sarcosine used as a foaming and cleansing agent in shampoo, shaving foam, toothpaste, and foam wash products.
This surfactant is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the hydrophilic carboxylate.
Since the nitrogen atom is in an amide linkage, the nitrogen is not pH active and is neutrally charged in all aqueous solutions regardless of pH.

The carboxylate has a pKa of about 3.6 and is therefore negatively charged in solutions of pH greater than about 5.5.
pH-sensitive vesicles can be prepared using this surfactant with another cationic or water-insoluble amphiphiles such as 1-decanol.
Addition of an mixture of equal parts of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate and the non-ionic surfactant sorbitan monolaurate (S20) to a buffered water:ethanol solution led to the formation of micelle-like aggregates, even though neither surfactant formed micelles when present alone.

Such aggregates can help carry other small molecules, such as drugs, through the skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate, also known as sarkosyl, is a white powder derived from sarcosine, which make it is fate-free and biodegradable.
The surfactant is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the hydrophilic carboxylate.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is personal care products as well as in household and industrial applications, and it is used as a cosurfactant in cleanser formulations such as shampoos and body washes.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can also be used in oral care applications such as toothpastes and incorporated into syndet and combo bars.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is primarily a purifying and cleansing agent that can be found in a variety of personal care products such as face cleansers, shampoos and scrubs.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has the ability to clean and condition the hair while producing a good amount of foam that makes cleaning easier.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is also mild on the scalp so it does not damage it Skin care: In skin care products, it is added because of its excellent cleansing properties.

This ingredient leaves the skin clean, smooth and supple while also improving the texture of the surface.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate has mild refatting properties that helps to bring softeness and moisture to the skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is especially useful in haircare products where it aids volume and helps smooth the hair folicle surface.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate has some anti-static properties which further enchance its usefullness in haircare products.
Sodium lauryl sarcosinate is the salt of lauryl sarcosine.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a powder or liquid and is derived from coconut.

Coconuts grow on the cocos nucifera, or coconut palm tree.
Coconut palms grow around the world in lowland tropical and subtropical areas where annual precipitation is low.
Widely cultivated, healthy coconut palms produce 50 nuts per year, and the tree can be used to produce everything from food and drink to fibers, building materials, and natural ingredients.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is known for its good foam-boosing abilities while improving the mildness of the formula.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is performance is similar to Isethionates, another group of cleaning agents known for their gentleness.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate was sold as a special ingredient called "Gardol" in Colgate "Dental Cream", as toothpaste was then called, during the 1950s through the mid-1960s in the US and the mid-1970s in France.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is current use as a preventive dentifrice is in Arm & Hammer Baking Soda Toothpaste, a Church & Dwight product, where it is used as a surfactant.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is the salt of lauroyl sarcosine (produced by the breakdown of creatine or caffeine), a modified fatty acid.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is often seen in shampoos, bath, cleansing and shaving products as a foaming agent, surfactant, and hair conditioning agent, according to CosmeticsInfo.org and Wikipedia.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate has the ability to enhance the appearance and feel of hair by improving body, suppleness and sheen, especially in hair that is chemically damaged.
This ingredient also serves to clean skin and hair by mixing with oil and dirt and enabling them to be rinsed away.
As a modified fatty acid, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is thought to be more soluble, and have increased crystallinity and acidity compared to its original fatty acid composition.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is derived from sarcosine, a natural amino acid found in the human body and just about every type of biological material from animals to plants.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is made from coconut oil.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is a cleanser and foam booster that helps with the effectiveness and feel of our toothpaste.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate, also known as sarkosyl, is an anionic surfactant derived from sarcosine used as a foaming and cleansing agent in shampoo, shaving foam, toothpaste, and foam wash products.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the hydrophilic carboxylate.

Since the Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is in an amide linkage, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is not pH active and is neutrally charged in all aqueous solutions regardless of pH.
The carboxylate has a pKa of about 3.6 and is therefore negatively charged in solutions of pH greater than about 5.5.
PH-sensitive vesicles can be prepared using this surfactant with another cationic or water-insoluble amphiphiles such as 1-decanol.

Addition of an mixture of equal parts of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate and the non-ionic surfactant sorbitan monolaurate (S20) to water led to the formation of micelle-like aggregates, even though neither surfactant formed micelles when present alone.
Such aggregates can help carry other small molecules, such as drugs, through the skin.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate was sold as a special ingredient called "Gardol" in Colgate "Dental Cream", as toothpaste was then called, during the 1950s through the mid-1960s in the US and the mid-1970s in France.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, like sodium lauryl sulfate, is a cleansing and foaming agent, but that is where the similarities end.
Derived from sarcosine, an amino acid that occurs naturally in the body, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is frequently heralded for being a thorough cleanser but also for being gentle.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate works by attracting excess oil and dirt, then carefully removing the grime from the hair by emulsifying it so it rinses easily away with water.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is an anionic surfactant derived from sarcosine, a natural amino acid.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is used as a foaming and cleansing agent in various personal care products, such as shampoos, toothpaste, shaving foams, and foam washes.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has several advantages over other surfactants, such as being gentle on the skin and hair, enhancing the shine and body of damaged hair, and being environmentally friendly.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be obtained from natural sources, such as coconut oil, or synthesized from fatty acids and sarcosine.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is considered to be safe and effective for cosmetic use.

Melting point: 46 °C
Density: 1.033 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor pressure: 0.02 hPa (20 °C)
RTECS: MC0598960
Flash point: 267℃
storage temp.: room temp
solubility: H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
form: Powder
Specific Gravity: 1.03 (20/4℃)
color: White
Odor: at 100.00?%. bland
PH: 7.0-9.0 (25℃, 1M in H2O)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water (293 g/L).
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.2
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.06
Merck: 14,4368
BRN: 5322974
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: 0.37

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate and sodium lauryl sulfate are both surfactants, which means they help to create foam and remove dirt and oil from the hair.
Sodium lauryl sulfate is a harsh and irritating surfactant that can strip color and moisture from the hair, causing dryness, frizz, and damage.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, on the other hand, is a mild and biodegradable surfactant derived from fatty acids and sarcosine, an amino acid.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is gentle on the hair and scalp and does not affect the skin’s natural pH balance.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is an eco-friendly and safe ingredient that natural beauty enthusiasts praise.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate comes from sarcosine, a natural amino acid, and it can clean and foam well without drying or irritating the skin and hair.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is also gentle on the environment, derived from natural sources, and minimally processed.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a powder of a mild biodegradable surfactant produced from amino acid sarcosine.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is very mild, can form rich and stable creamy foams, and can help condition and moisturize.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a cleansing agent that enhances the lather effect which helps in the effectiveness of many cosmetic products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is often chosen as one of the substrates of cosmetic formulations due to its ease of use and its effectiveness.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be used together with SLS-containing and SLS-free preparations.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has mild degreasing properties that help restore softness and hydration to the skin.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is especially useful in haircare products, where it adds volume and helps to smooth the surface of the hair follicles.
Thanks to these properties, the effect of well-nourished and smooth hair is obtained.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has some antistatic properties (prevents static electricity in the hair), which further increase its usefulness in haircare products.
In addition, this compound plays a preservative role in care products and reduces the highly irritating effect of other substances.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate enhance the appearance and feel of hair, by increasing hair body, suppleness, or sheen, or by improving the texture of hair that has been damaged physically or by chemical treatment.

They also clean skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is an ingredient used to help improve the foaming ability of a formulation.
As a surfactant sodium lauroyl sarcosinate helps to lift oils and dirt from the skin, leaving you with clean feeling skin.

Surfactants are compounds that lower the surface tension between liquids and solids.
This ability is due to the sodium lauroyl sarcosinate have a hydrophilic or water loving end to the molecule and a hydrophobic or water hating end to the molecule.
This allows sodium lauroyl sarcosinate to bind to both oil and water-based compounds, lifting both from the skin’s surface.

Sodium Lauroyl sarcosinate is the salt of lauryl sarcosine derived from coconut.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is milder than SLES and reduces irritation of other surfactants, while being great soft skin and hair feel.
Sodium lauryl sarcosinate is an amino acid based surfactant that has good biodegradability and biocompatibility.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is known for its outstanding mildness and foaming properties, It has good cleansing properties and give hair and skin a long-lasting soft feeling.
As a co-surfactant Sodium lauryl sarcosinate can help to reduce the irritating effects of other surfactants.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate perfect ingredients for baby care, sensitive skin, and facial care products.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is mild, biodegradable anionic surfactants derived from sarcosine used as a foaming and cleansing agent in shampoo, shaving foam, toothpaste, and foam wash products.
The surfactant is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the hydrophilic carboxylate.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is a high foam, eco-friendly surfactant.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has good chlorine stability with anti-corrosion properties.
This surfactant has excellent ocular tolerance and gentleness.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is often seen in shampoos, bath, cleansing and shaving products as a foaming agent, surfactant, and hair conditioning agent.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate has the ability to enhance the appearance and feel of hair by improving body, suppleness and sheen, especially in hair that is chemically damaged.
This ingredient also serves to clean skin and hair by mixing with oil and dirt and enabling them to be rinsed away.
As a modified fatty acid, it is thought to be more soluble, and have increased crystallinity and acidity compared to its original fatty acid composition.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is another mild and hair friendly cleansing and foaming agent.
Derived from sarcosine, an amino acid that occurs naturally in the body, Sodium Laurel Sarcosinate is frequently raved about for being not only a thorough cleanser but a very gentle one.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate works by attracting excess oil and dirt, then carefully removing the grime from the hair by emulsifying it so it rinses easily away with water.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate as a surfactant and cleanser.
The Cosmetics Ingredient Review has deemed the ingredient safe for use in cosmetic products when formulated to be nonirritating.
Research shows the ingredient is typically not a skin irritant or sensitizer and can enhance the penetration of other ingredients through the skin.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate (C15H28NO3) is the INCI name of an anionic surfactant from the group of surfactants.
The chemical name of this substance is N-lauroylsarcosine sodium salt.
Alternative names for this compound are sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate and Sarcosyl NL.

The CAS number that uniquely identifies this compound is 137-16-6.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate exists both as a solid and in the form of an aqueous solution with an active substance concentration of about 30%.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is usually used as a secondary surfactant in a concentration range of 1-5%.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a safe amino acid-based surfactant that works well with a variety of glycols, silicones, solvents, and phosphate esters, making it very versatile in cosmetic formulations.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate offers excellent chemical stability and is known for a skin-friendly pH that does not cause additional irritation.
Coconut is a common source of Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate in cosmetic products.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is used as an ingredient in shampoos, face cleansers for children and adults, bath lotions and toothpastes.
In addition, it can be found in intimate hygiene liquids or make-up removal products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is also used in household detergents and their professional counterparts for industrial applications, for cleaning surfaces, in particular for cleaning vehicles.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a highly active substance and at the same time it is very gentle to the skin.
The substance has not been classified as a potential allergen.
Safety evaluations confirmed that this ingredient is non-irritating and non-sensitizing when applied to human skin in amounts of up to 15% for rinse-off detergents and 5% for leave-on products.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is approved for use in cosmetics, even those intended for the care of children.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is a gentle and effective cleansing agent derived from sarcosine, a natural amino acid found in the body.
Sarcosine is produced by the breakdown of creatine or caffeine and then combined with lauric acid, a fatty acid from coconut or palm kernel. Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is an anionic surfactant that can attract and remove dirt, oil, and bacteria from the hair and skin.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate also works as an emulsifier, which helps to mix water and oil.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is commonly used in shampoos, toothpaste, shaving foams, and foam wash products, as it creates a rich and stable lather that can enhance the appearance and feel of the hair and skin.
Unlike sodium lauryl sulfate, another surfactant known to be harsh and irritating, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is mild and gentle.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate does not strip the natural moisture or color from the hair.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is also considered environmentally friendly and biodegradable, as it is derived from natural sources.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is mainly used as surfactant in our sulfate-free shampoo product category.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate helps to enhance the appearance and feel of hair, by increasing hair body, suppleness or sheen, or by improving the texture of hair that has been damaged physically or by chemical treatment.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate also serves to clean scalp and hair by mixing with oil and dirt and enabling them to be rinsed away.
Sarcosinate Surfactants are mild, biodegradable anionic surfactants derived from fatty acids and sarcosine (amino acid).

These compounds features lather building and resistance to sebum delathering in cleaners, polymers, industrial chemicals, petroleum and lubricant products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is used as a foaming and cleansing agent for shampoo, shaving foams and foam washes.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is used as a corrosion inhibitor and in formulating textile treatment agents.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is a mild surfactant that can remove dirt, oil, and bacteria from the skin and hair.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate also helps create a rich and creamy lather in products like shampoo, toothpaste, shaving foam, and more.
Unlike some harsher surfactants, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate does not strip the natural moisture or damage the protective barrier of the skin and hair.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is derived from natural sources such as coconut oil and sarcosine, an amino acid found in meat and eggs.
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is considered safe and gentle for most skin types and can leave a soft and smooth feeling after use.

Uses:
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a foaming agent used primarily in hair products.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate, also known as sarkosyl, is a white powder derived from sarcosine, which make it is fate-free and biodegradable.
The surfactant is amphiphilic due to the hydrophobic 12-carbon chain (lauroyl) and the hydrophilic carboxylate.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is sometimes included in formulations for baby shampoos, body washes, and bubble baths due to its relatively mild nature compared to some other surfactants.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be found in facial cleansing wipes or towelettes, contributing to their ability to remove impurities from the skin.
In some makeup removers, particularly those in liquid or gel form, sodium lauryl sarcosinate may be used to aid in breaking down and lifting away makeup.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is used in liquid hand soaps to provide cleansing properties and create a lathering effect.
Some mouthwashes may contain sodium lauryl sarcosinate for its foaming action and its ability to disperse other active ingredients.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be found in formulations for intimate washes, contributing to the cleansing properties of these products.

Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate is personal care products as well as in household and industrial applications, and it is used as a co-surfactant in cleanser formulations such as shampoos and body washes.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can also be used in oral care applications such as toothpastes and incorporated into syndet and combo bars.
The typical usage levels range from 1-5% on an active basis.

Sodium lauryl sarcosinate may be utilized in various industrial and institutional cleaning products due to its surfactant properties.
In certain formulations, particularly inks and paints, sodium lauryl sarcosinate may be used to aid in dispersion and mixing.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be included in the formulation of metalworking fluids to enhance their wetting and cleaning properties.

In some adhesive formulations, sodium lauryl sarcosinate may be added to improve the spreading and wetting characteristics.
In the agricultural industry, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be used in certain pesticide formulations as an emulsifier or wetting agent.
While not as common, sodium lauryl sarcosinate may find applications in the food industry, particularly in certain food processing and packaging applications.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is used for solubilization and separation of membrane proteins and glycoprotein's; reported to inhibit hexokinase.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is useful in concentrated salt solutions used in the cell lysis step during RNA purification (helps avoid excessive foaming).
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate has been used to indicate paramagnetic anisotropy sign change in micelle mesophage.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is surfactants used as ingredients in shampoos, baby and face cleansers, bath lotions and toothpastes; they are used in household and professional detergents for hard surface cleaning, in particular for car cleaning, too.
When lauroyl is of renewable origin, it is called cocoyl sarcosinate.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is used as a surfactant in facial cleansers and face washes to help remove dirt, oil, and makeup from the skin.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is added to shampoos to create a foaming action and help distribute the product evenly through the hair.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate aids in cleaning the scalp and hair.
Sodium lauryl sarcosinate is used in some toothpaste formulations for its foaming properties and its ability to help disperse other ingredients throughout the mouth.

Similar to its use in facial cleansers, sodium lauryl sarcosinate is included in body washes and shower gels for its cleansing properties.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is used in some shaving creams to provide a smooth and creamy texture, helping the razor glide easily across the skin.
In some hair conditioner formulations, sodium lauryl sarcosinate may be included to contribute to the spreadability and application of the product.

While not as common as in cleansers, sodium lauryl sarcosinate can be found in some cream and lotion formulations, particularly in those designed for facial care.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is occasionally used in sunscreen formulations to aid in the even distribution of the product on the skin.
Sodium lauryl sarcosinate can be used in the formulation of emulsions, helping to stabilize the mixture of water and oil components in cosmetics.

In some hair coloring or dye products, sodium lauryl sarcosinate may be present to assist in the application and distribution of the color.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be included in formulations for foot scrubs, creams, and lotions, contributing to the cleansing and moisturizing properties.
Beyond personal care products, sodium lauryl sarcosinate is also used in the textile industry as a wetting agent and detergent in the processing of textiles.

In addition to its cosmetic uses, sodium lauryl sarcosinate may be found in some household cleaning products for its surfactant properties.
In some bath products like bubble baths, sodium lauryl sarcosinate is employed to create a luxurious foaming effect.

Safety Profile:
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is good for skin and hair.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate does not have any common side effects like skin irritation and sensitivity.

Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is also vegan and can be added in concentrations of up to 5% in leave on products and 15% in rinse off products.
Further, this ingredient is non-comedogenic so it does not clog pores and cause acne.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate can be used on all skin types.

Synonyms:
137-16-6
Sodium lauroylsarcosinate
Sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate
N-Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt
Sarkosyl NL
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate
Gardol
Sarkosyl
Medialan LL-99
Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt
Sarcosyl NL
Maprosyl 30
Compound 105
Hamposyl L-30
Sarcosyl NL 30
Sarkosyl NL 30
Sarkosyl NL 35
Sarkosyl NL 97
Sarkosyl NL 100
Sodium lauroylsarcosine
Sodium N-dodecanoyl-N-methylglycinate
Sodium N-lauroylsarcosine
N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium
Lauroylsarcosine sodium salt
N-Lauroylsarcosine, sodium salt
Lauroylsarcosine (sodium)
DTXSID0027066
N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine, sodium salt
sodium 2-(N-methyldodecanamido)acetate
sodium [dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate
632GS99618
Sarcosine, N-lauroyl-, sodium salt
Sodium N-Dodecanoylsarcosinate
Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, sodium salt (1:1)
N-Dodecanoylsarcosine Sodium Salt
Caswell No. 778B
Lauroylsarcosine (sodium salt)
MFCD00042728
NSC-117874
sodium lauroyl sarcosine
SODIUM N-LAUROYL SARCOSINATE
EINECS 205-281-5
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 000174
NSC 117874
N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine sodium salt
n-lauryl sarcosine sodium salt
UNII-632GS99618
starbld0009501
GARDOL [MI]
MEDIALAN LL-33
EC 205-281-5
N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine, sodium salt
SCHEMBL23451
Lauroylsarcosine, Sodium Salt
DTXCID907066
N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine sodium salt (1:1)
CHEMBL1903482
KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Tox21_202996
AKOS015901704
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [II]
NCGC00164323-01
NCGC00260541-01
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [INCI]
AS-81025
CAS-137-16-6
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [VANDF]
sodium;2-[dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate
HY-125920
SODIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE [USP-RS]
CS-0103267
FT-0631797
L0019
S0597
E81236
A934513
Q309660
W-108241
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or sodium laureth sulfate (SLS), sometimes written sodium laurilsulfate, is a synthetic organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)11SO4Na. It is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products. This molecule is an organosulfate and a salt. It consists of a 12-carbon tail attached to a sulfate group, that is, it is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate, the ester of dodecyl alcohol and sulfuric acid. Its hydrocarbon tail combined with a polar "headgroup" give the compound amphiphilic properties and so make it useful as a detergent.[not verified in body] Also derived as a component of mixtures produced from inexpensive coconut and palm oils, Sodium lauryl sulfate is a common component of many domestic cleaning, personal hygiene and cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food products, as well as of industrial and commercial cleaning and product formulations. Structure and properties Structure of Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium lauryl sulfate is in the family of organosulfate compounds,[2] and has the formula, CH3(CH2)11SO4Na. It consists of a 12-carbon tail attached to a sulfate group, that is, it is the sodium salt of a 12-carbon alcohol that has been esterified to sulfuric acid. An alternative description is that it is an alkyl group with a pendant, terminal sulfate group attached. As a result of its hydrocarbon tail, and its anionic "head group", it has amphiphilic properties that allow it to form micelles, and so act as a detergent. Physicochemical properties Bottle of 20% Sodium lauryl sulfate in distilled water for use in the laboratory. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) in pure water at 25 °C is 8.2 mM,[1] and the aggregation number at this concentration is usually considered to be about 62.[3] The micelle ionization fraction (α) is around 0.3 (or 30%). Production of Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium lauryl sulfate is synthesized by treating lauryl alcohol with sulfur trioxide gas, oleum, or chlorosulfuric acid to produce hydrogen lauryl sulfate.[5] The resulting product is then neutralized through the addition of sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate.[citation needed] Lauryl alcohol can be used in pure form or may be derived from either coconut or palm kernel oil by hydrolysis (which liberates their fatty acids), followed by hydrogenation.[citation needed] When produced from these sources, commercial samples of these "Sodium lauryl sulfate" products are actually not pure Sodium lauryl sulfate, rather a mixture of various sodium alkyl sulfates with Sodium lauryl sulfate being the main component.[6] For instance, Sodium lauryl sulfate is a component, along with other chain-length amphiphiles, when produced from coconut oil, and is known as sodium coco sulfate (SCS).[7] Sodium lauryl sulfate is available commercially in powder, pellet, and other forms (each differing in rates of dissolution), as well as in aqueous solutions of varying concentrations. Applications of Sodium lauryl sulfate Cleaning and hygiene Sodium lauryl sulfate is mainly used in detergents for laundry with many cleaning applications.[8] It is a highly effective surfactant and is used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues; for example, it is found in higher concentrations with industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car exterior cleaners. In lower concentrations, it is found in hand soap, toothpastes, shampoos, shaving creams, and bubble bath formulations, for its ability to create a foam (lather), for its surfactant properties, and in part for its thickening effect. Food additive of Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium lauryl sulfate, appearing as its synonym sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), is considered a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) ingredient for food use according to the USFDA (21 CFR 172.822).[11] It is used as an emulsifying agent and whipping aid.[12] SLS is reported to temporarily diminish perception of sweetness. Laboratory applications of Sodium lauryl sulfate Principal applications of Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium lauryl sulfate, in science referred to as Sodium lauryl sulfate (Sodium lauryl sulfate), is used in cleaning procedures,[14] and is commonly used as a component for lysing cells during RNA extraction and/or DNA extraction, and for denaturing proteins in preparation for electrophoresis in the Sodium lauryl sulfate-PAGE technique. Denaturation of a protein using Sodium lauryl sulfate In the case of Sodium lauryl sulfate-PAGE, the compound works by disrupting non-covalent bonds in the proteins, and so denaturing them, i.e. causing the protein molecules to lose their native conformations and shapes. By binding to proteins at a ratio of one Sodium lauryl sulfate molecule per 2 amino acid residues, the negatively charged detergent provides all proteins with a similar net negative charge and therefore a similar charge-to-mass ratio.[16] In this way, the difference in mobility of the polypeptide chains in the gel can be attributed solely to their length as opposed to both their native charge and shape.[16][17] It is possible to make separation based on the size of the polypeptide chain to simplify the analysis of protein molecules, this can be achieved by denaturing proteins with the detergent Sodium lauryl sulfate.[18] The association of Sodium lauryl sulfate molecules with protein molecules imparts an associated negative charge to the molecular aggregate formed;[citation needed] this negative charge is significantly greater than the original charge of that protein.[citation needed] The electrostatic repulsion that is created by Sodium lauryl sulfate binding forces proteins into a rod-like shape, thereby eliminating differences in shape as a factor for electrophoretic separation in gels.[citation needed] A dodecyl sulfate molecule has two negative charges at the pH value used for electrophoresis, this will lead the net charge of coated polypeptide chains to be much more negative than uncoated chains.[18] The charge-to-mass ratio is essentially identical for different proteins because Sodium lauryl sulfate coating dominates the charge. Miscellaneous applications of Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium lauryl sulfate is used in an improved technique for preparing brain tissues for study by optical microscopy. The technique, which has been branded as CLARITY, was the work of Karl Deisseroth and coworkers at Stanford University, and involves infusion of the organ with an acrylamide solution to bind the macromolecules of the organ (proteins, nucleic acids, etc.), followed by thermal polymerization to form a "brain–hydrogel" (a mesh interspersed throughout the tissue to fix the macromolecules and other structures in space), and then by lipid removal using Sodium lauryl sulfate to eliminate light scattering with minimal protein loss, rendering the tissue quasi-transparent.[19][20] Along with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and Triton X-100, aqueous solutions of Sodium lauryl sulfate are popular for dispersing or suspending nanotubes, such as carbon nanotubes. Niche uses of Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium lauryl sulfate has been proposed as a potentially effective topical microbicide, for intravaginal use, to inhibit and possibly prevent infection by various enveloped and non-enveloped viruses such as the herpes simplex viruses, HIV, and the Semliki Forest virus.[22][23] In gas hydrate formation experiments, Sodium lauryl sulfate is used as a gas hydrate growth promoter.[24][25] [26] Researchers aim for gas hydrate promotions as scale-up of industrial applications of gas hydrates such as desalination process,[27] gas storage, and gas separation technologies.[28] Liquid membranes formed from Sodium lauryl sulfate in water have been demonstrated to work as unusual particle separators.[29] The device acts as a reverse filter, allowing large particles to pass while capturing smaller particles. Toxicology of Sodium lauryl sulfate Carcinogenicity Sodium lauryl sulfate is not carcinogenic when consumed or applied directly, even to amounts and concentrations that exceed amounts used in standard commercial products.[30][31] The earlier review of the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) program Expert Panel in 1983 reported that Sodium lauryl sulfate (there, abbreviated SLS, for sodium lauryl sulfate) in concentrations up to 2%, in a year-long oral dietary studies in dogs, gave no evidence of tumorigenicity or carcinogenicity, and that no excess chromosomal aberrations or clastogenic effects were observed in rats fed up to 1.13% sodium lauryl sulfate in their diets for 90 days, over those on a control diet.[30]:157, 175 The 2005 review by the same group indicated that further available data lacked any available suggestion that Sodium lauryl sulfate or the related ammonium salt of the same amphiphile could be carcinogenic, stating that "Despite assertions to the contrary on the Internet, the carcinogenicity of these ingredients is only a rumor;" both studies conclude that Sodium lauryl sulfate appears "to be safe in formulations designed for discontinuous, brief use followed by thorough rinsing from the surface of the skin. In products intended for prolonged contact with skin, concentrations should not exceed 1%. Sensitivity of Sodium lauryl sulfate Like all detergents, sodium lauryl sulfate removes oils from the skin, and can cause skin and eye irritation.[citation needed] It has been shown to irritate the skin of the face, with prolonged and constant exposure (more than an hour) in young adults.[32] Sodium lauryl sulfate may worsen skin problems in individuals with chronic skin hypersensitivity, with some people being affected more than others.[33][34][35] Oral concerns of Sodium lauryl sulfate The low cost of Sodium lauryl sulfate,[36] its lack of impact on taste,[36] its potential impact on volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), which contribute to malodorous breath,[37] and its desirable action as a foaming agent have led to the use of Sodium lauryl sulfate in the formulations of toothpastes.[36] A series of small crossover studies (25-34 patients) have supported the efficacy of SLS in the reduction of VSCs, and its related positive impact on breath malodor, although these studies have been generally noted to reflect technical challenges in the control of study design variables.[37] While primary sources from the group of Irma Rantanen at University of Turku, Finland conclude an impact on dry mouth (xerostomia) from SLS-containing pastes, a 2011 Cochrane review of these studies, and of the more general area, concludes that there "is no strong evidence… that any topical therapy is effective for relieving the symptom of dry mouth."[38] A safety concern has been raised on the basis of several studies regarding the effect of toothpaste Sodium lauryl sulfate on aphthous ulcers, commonly referred to as canker or white sores.[36] A consensus regarding practice (or change in practice) has not appeared as a result of the studies.[39][40] As Lippert notes, of 2013, "very few… marketed toothpastes contain a surfactant other than SLS [Sodium lauryl sulfate]," and leading manufacturers continue to formulate their produce with Sodium lauryl sulfate. Interaction with fluoride Some studies have suggested that SLS in toothpaste may decrease the effectiveness of fluoride at preventing dental caries (cavities). This may be due to SLS interacting with the deposition of fluoride on tooth enamel. Readily pourable, palm-derived, high foaming, anionic surfactant used in the chemical formulating and detergent manufacturing industries. It is a higher foaming variation of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLES). Features of Sodium lauryl sulfate : Free flowing liquid makes it easier to pour. Used in wetting agent formulations, liquid detergents, cleaners, shampoos and laundry detergents. Sodium lauryl sulfate dissolves readily in hard and soft water and provides a consistent foam character. Packaging of Sodium lauryl sulfate : Sodium lauryl sulfate is available in IBCs (1000kg bulk containers) and drums. Safety of Sodium lauryl sulfate : Please consult the SDS on Sodium lauryl sulfate before use. Sodium lauryl sulfate (sodium dodecyl sulphate) is a kind of anionic surfactant, dissolves in the water easily, compatibility with anion and non-ionic, good performances on emulsifying, foaming, osmosis, detergency and de-centrality. Sodium lauryl sulfate Powder Sodium lauryl sulfate Powder is a widely used surfactant often used as a foaming agent in many common products like Bath products, shampoos, foaming powders and mony industrial and commercial cleaners. SaveonCitric offers a highly Active, high quality Sodium lauryl sulfate Powdered Sodium lauryl sulfate. If you are formulating a product like a powdered or tablet cleanser, or blending liquid hard surface or carpet cleaners, try Sodium lauryl sulfate Powder. Check the FIFRa list if you are formulating blends and looking for an accepted surfactant. Sodium lauryl sulfate , synonymously, Sodium lauryl sulfate , or sodium laurilsulfate, is a synthetic organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)11SO4Na. It is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products. The sodium salt is of an organosulfate class of organics. It consists of a 12-carbon tail attached to a sulfate group, that is, it is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate, the ester of dodecyl alcohol and sulfuric acid. Its hydrocarbon tail combined with a polar "headgroup" give the compound amphiphilic properties and so make it useful as a detergent.[not verified in body] Also derived as a component of mixtures produced from inexpensive coconut and palm oils, Sodium lauryl sulfate is a common component of many domestic cleaning, personal hygiene and cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food products, as well as of industrial and commercial cleaning and product formulations. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a widely used surfactant in cleaning products, cosmetic, and personal care products. Sodium lauryl sulfate 's uses in these products have been thoroughly evaluated and determined to be safe for consumers and the environment. Sodium lauryl sulfate , sodium laurilsulfate or Sodium lauryl sulfate (Sodium lauryl sulfate or NaDS) (C12H25SO4Na) is an anionic surfactant used as an emulsifying cleaning agent in many cleaning and hygiene products. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a highly effective surfactant and is used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues. For example, it is found in higher concentrations with industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash soaps. It is used in lower concentrations with toothpastes, shampoos, and shaving foams. It is an important component in bubble bath formulations for its thickening effect and its ability to create a lather. WHAT IS Sodium lauryl sulfate ? Sodium lauryl sulfate , also known as Sodium lauryl sulfate, is a widely used surfactant in cleaning products, cosmetics, and personal care products. The Sodium lauryl sulfate formula is a highly effective anionic surfactant used to remove oily stains and residues. It is found in high concentrations in industrial products, including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash products, where workplace protections can be implemented to avoid unsafe exposures. Sodium lauryl sulfate is also used in lower concentrations in household and personal care products such as cleaning products, toothpastes, shampoos, and shaving foams. SAFETY Sodium lauryl sulfate has been thoroughly reviewed for its safety by a number of governments. Sodium lauryl sulfate from the requirement of tolerance for residues when used as a component of food contact sanitizing solutions applied to all food contact surfaces in public eating places, dairy-processing equipment, and food-processing equipment and utensils at a maximum level in the end-use concentration of 350 parts per million (ppm). The regulation eliminates the need to establish a maximum permissible level for residues of Sodium lauryl sulfate. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) includes Sodium lauryl sulfate on its list of multipurpose additives allowed to be directly added to food. Sodium lauryl sulfate and Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate are also approved indirect food additives. For example, both ingredients are permitted to be used as components of coatings. Sodium lauryl sulfate and Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate may be used in cosmetics and personal care products marketed in Europe according to the general provisions of the Cosmetics Directive of the European Union. The Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development, which is an organization of 30-plus developed countries, has reviewed the human and environmental hazards of a category of chemicals that includes Sodium lauryl sulfate. No chronic human health hazards, including carcinogenicity, were identified. The hazard assessment for the category (alkyl sulphates, alkane sulphonates and alpha-olefin sulphonates category) is posted on the OECD website. Sodium lauryl sulfate has also been thoroughly reviewed for human safety by an industry funded, independent panel, which found: There is no evidence of harm from the use of Sodium lauryl sulfate in cosmetic products, where there is intentional, direct contact with the skin. The ingredient was reviewed in 1983 and re-reviewed in 2005 by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)1 Expert Panel and found to be safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products. Sodium lauryl sulfate can cause skin irritation in some persons, which is one reason why it is important to follow the label instructions when using a cleaning product. A complete report on Sodium lauryl sulfate is available from CIR. Use: -Detergency: tooth paste, shampoo, cosmetic, detergent, etc. -Construction: plasterboard, additive of concrete, coating, etc. -Pharmaceutical: Medicine, pesticide, etc. -Leather: leather soft agent, wool cleaning agent, etc. -Paper making: penetrant, flocculating agent, deinking agent, etc. -Auxiliaries: textile auxiliaries, plastic auxiliaries, etc. -Fire fighting: oil well fire fighting, fire fighting device, etc. -Mineral choosing: mine flotation, coal water mixture, etc. Overview Sodium lauryl sulfate is one of the ingredients you'll find listed on your shampoo bottle. However, unless you're a chemist, you likely don't know what it is. The chemical is found in many cleaning and beauty products, but it's frequently misunderstood. Urban myths have linked it to cancer, skin irritation, and more. Science may tell a different story. How it works Sodium lauryl sulfate is what's known as a "surfactant." This means it lowers the surface tension between ingredients, which is why it's used as a cleansing and foaming agent. Most concerns about Sodium lauryl sulfate stem from the fact that it can be found in beauty and self-care products as well as in household cleaners. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a surfactant with a similar chemical formula. However, SLES is milder and less irritating than Sodium lauryl sulfate. Where you'll find Sodium lauryl sulfate If you look under your bathroom sink, or on the shelf in your shower, it's very likely you'll find Sodium lauryl sulfate in your home. It's used in a variety of products, including: Grooming products, such as shaving cream, lip balm, hand sanitizer, nail treatments, makeup remover, foundation, facial cleansers, exfoliants, and liquid hand soap Hair products, such as shampoo, conditioner, hair dye, dandruff treatment, and styling gel Dental care products, such as toothpaste, teeth whitening products, and mouthwash Bath products, such as bath oils or salts, body wash, and bubble bath Creams and lotions, such as hand cream, masks, anti-itch creams, hair-removal products, and sunscreen You'll notice that all of these products are topical, or applied directly to the skin or body. Sodium lauryl sulfate is also used as a food additive, usually as an emulsifier or a thickener. It can be found in dried egg products, some marshmallow products, and certain dry beverage bases. Are there dangers? The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regards Sodium lauryl sulfate as safe as a food additive. Regarding its use in cosmetics and body products, the safety assessment study of Sodium lauryl sulfate , published in 1983 in the International Journal of Toxicology (the most recent assessment), found that it's not harmful if used briefly and rinsed from the skin, as with shampoos and soaps. The report says that products that stay on the skin longer shouldn't exceed 1 percent concentration of Sodium lauryl sulfate. However, the same assessment did suggest some possible, albeit minimal, risk to humans using Sodium lauryl sulfate. For example, some tests found that continuous skin exposure to Sodium lauryl sulfate could cause mild to moderate irritation in animals. Nevertheless, the assessment concluded that Sodium lauryl sulfate is safe in formulations used in cosmetics and personal care products. Because many of these products are designed to be rinsed off after short applications, the risks are minimal. According to most research, Sodium lauryl sulfate is an irritant but not a carcinogen. Studies have shown no link between the use of Sodium lauryl sulfate and increased cancer risk. According to a 2015 study, Sodium lauryl sulfate is safe for use in household cleaning products. About 1/3 of HIV positive mothers transmit the virus to their newborns, and 1/2 of these infections occur during breastfeeding. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), an anionic surfactant, is a common ingredient of cosmetic and personal care products. Sodium lauryl sulfate is "readily biodegradable" with low toxicity and "is of no concern with respect to human health". Up to 1 g of Sodium lauryl sulfate/kg is the maximum safe dose for children. Alkyl sulfates, including Sodium lauryl sulfate, are microbicidal against HIV types 1 and 2, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), human papillomaviruses and chlamydia. /The study/ hypothesizes that Sodium lauryl sulfate treatment of milk will inactivate HIV-1 without significant harm to its nutritional value and protective functions and may define a treatment of choice for breastwas at 37 degrees C for 10 min. Sodium lauryl sulfate-PAGE and Lowry were used to analyze protein content. Antibody content and function was studied by rocket immunoelectrophoresis (RIE), immunoturbodimentric (ITM) quantitation and ELISA. The creamatocrit was also analyzed. HIV-1 infectivity was measured by MAGI assay. Sodium lauryl sulfate removal was by Detergent-OutN (Geno Technology, Inc.). Sodium lauryl sulfate quantitation is by methylene blue-chloroform method. Inactivation of HIV-1 with Sodium lauryl sulfate occurs at or above 0.025%. In milk samples, 1% and 0.1% Sodium lauryl sulfate reduced HSV-2 infectivity. At least 90% of Sodium lauryl sulfate can be efficiently removed with Detergent-OutN, with protein recovery of 80%-100%. Gross protein species are conserved as indicated by PAGE analyses. Fat and energy content of Sodium lauryl sulfate-treated breast milk remains unchanged. 0.1% Sodium lauryl sulfate can be removed from human milk without altering the creamatocrit. ELISA of serum IgG (rubella) proved it remains functional in the presence of Sodium lauryl sulfate and after its removal. sIgA, IgG and IgM in breast milk are conserved after Sodium lauryl sulfate-treatment when measured by RIE and ITM. CONCLUSIONS: Sodium lauryl sulfate (0.025%) can inactivate HIV-1 in vitro and HSV-2 in breast milk. Sodium lauryl sulfate can be efficiently removed from milk samples. Sodium lauryl sulfate treatment of milk does not significantly alter protein content. Antibody function in serum and levels in breast milk are maintained after treatment and removal of Sodium lauryl sulfate. 0.1% Sodium lauryl sulfate does not alter fat concentration in milk and energy content is conserved. Sodium lauryl sulfate or related compounds may be used to prevent breast milk transmission of HIV-1. A broad-spectrum vaginal microbicide must be effective against a variety of sexually transmitted disease pathogens and be minimally toxic to the cell types found within the vaginal epithelium, including vaginal keratinocytes. /The study/ assessed the sensitivity of primary human vaginal keratinocytes to potential topical vaginal microbicides nonoxynol-9 (N-9), C31G, and Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS). Direct immunofluorescence and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses demonstrated that primary vaginal keratinocytes expressed epithelial cell-specific keratin proteins. Experiments that compared vaginal keratinocyte sensitivity to each agent during a continuous, 48-hr exposure demonstrated that primary vaginal keratinocytes were almost five times more sensitive to N-9 than to either C31G or Sodium lauryl sulfate. To evaluate the effect of multiple microbicide exposures on cell viability, primary vaginal keratinocytes were exposed to N-9, C31G, or Sodium lauryl sulfate three times during a 78-hr period. In these experiments, cells were considerably more sensitive to C31G than to N-9 or Sodium lauryl sulfate at lower concentrations within the range tested. When agent concentrations were chosen to result in an endpoint of 25% viability after three daily exposures, each exposure decreased cell viability at the same constant rate. When time-dependent sensitivity during a continuous 48-hr exposure was examined, exposure to C31G for 18 hr resulted in losses in cell viability not caused by either N-9 or Sodium lauryl sulfate until at least 24 to 48 hr. Cumulatively, these results reveal important variations in time- and concentration-dependent sensitivity to N-9, C31G, or Sodium lauryl sulfate within populations of primary human vaginal keratinocytes cultured in vitro. These investigations represent initial steps toward both in vitro modeling of the vaginal microenvironment and studies of factors that impact the in vivo efficacy of vaginal topical microbicides. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is an anionic detergent that can form complexes with protein through hydrophobic interactions. Studies have reported that the hydrodynamic functions of protein-Sodium lauryl sulfate complexes are governed by the length of their polypeptide chains. Thus, Sodium lauryl sulfate-based electrophoretic techniques can separate protein molecules based on their molecular weights. Additionally, Sodium lauryl sulfate can solubilize cell membranes and can extract membrane-bound proteins. Analytical procedures are described for determining residues of Sodium lauryl sulfate in whole blood from guinea pigs. Methods are based on hydrolysis & analysis by electron-capture gas-chromatography. Sodium lauryl sulfate Electrophoresis Sodium lauryl sulfate electrophoresis was the next logical step after disk electrophoresis. While the latter discriminates macromolecules on the basis of both size and surface charge, Sodium lauryl sulfate electrophoresis fractionates polypeptide chains essentially on the basis of their size. It is therefore a simple, yet powerful and reliable method for molecular mass (Mr) determination. In 1967, it was first reported that electrophoretic migration in Sodium lauryl sulfate is proportional to the effective molecular radius and thus to the Mr of the polypeptide chain. This result means that Sodium lauryl sulfate must bind to proteins and cancel out differences in molecular charge, so that all components then migrate solely according to size. Surprisingly large amounts of Sodium lauryl sulfate appear to be bound (an average of 1.4 g Sodium lauryl sulfate per gram of protein), which means that the number of Sodium lauryl sulfate molecules bound is of the order of half the number of amino acid residues in a polypeptide chain. This amount of highly charged surfactant molecules is sufficient to overwhelm effectively the intrinsic charges of the polymer coil, so that their net charge per unit mass becomes approximately constant. If migration in Sodium lauryl sulfate (and disulfide reducing agents, such as 2-mercaptoethanol, in the denaturing step, for a proper unfolding of the proteins) is proportional only to molecular mass, then, in addition to canceling out of charge differences, Sodium lauryl sulfate also equalizes molecular shape differences as well (e.g., globular versus rod-shaped molecules). This seems to be the case for protein–Sodium lauryl sulfate mixed micelles: these complexes can be assumed to behave as ellipsoids of constant minor axis (∼1.8 nm) and with the major axis proportional to the length in amino acids (i.e., to molecular mass) of the protein. The rod length for the 1.4 g Sodium lauryl sulfate/g protein complex is of the order of 0.074 nm per amino acid residue. Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), also known as lauryl sulfate, is an ionic detergent that is useful for the rapid disruption of biological membranes. It is a key component of many reagents used to purify nucleic acids because of its abilities to quickly disrupt the tissue architecture and to inhibit both RNase and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity. Sodium lauryl sulfate is usually prepared as either a 10% or a 20% (w/v) stock solution and is used most often at a working concentration of 0.1% to 0.5%. The performance of this detergent can be affected significantly by its purity. Sodium lauryl sulfate is easily precipitable in the presence of potassium salts and generally is not added to guanidinium buffers, as it has very low solubility in high-salt, chaotropic solutions. Two classes of proteins show anomalous behavior in Sodium lauryl sulfate electrophoresis: glycoproteins (because their hydrophilic oligosaccharide units prevent hydrophobic binding of Sodium lauryl sulfate micelles) and strongly basic proteins (e.g., histones) (because of electrostatic binding of Sodium lauryl sulfate micelles through their sulfate groups). The first can be partially alleviated by using Tris–borate buffers at alkaline pH, which will increase the net negative charge on the glycoprotein, thus producing migration rates well correlated with molecular size. Migration of histones can be improved by using pore gradient gels and allowing the polypeptide chains to approach the pore limit.
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE (POWDER)
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Powder Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (SLS) or sodium laureth sulfate (SLS), sometimes written sodium laurilsulfate, is a synthetic organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)11SO4Na. It is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products. This molecule is an organosulfate and a salt. It consists of a 12-carbon tail attached to a sulfate group, that is, it is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate, the ester of dodecyl alcohol and sulfuric acid. Its hydrocarbon tail combined with a polar "headgroup" give the compound amphiphilic properties and so make it useful as a detergent.[not verified in body] Also derived as a component of mixtures produced from inexpensive coconut and palm oils, Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is a common component of many domestic cleaning, personal hygiene and cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food products, as well as of industrial and commercial cleaning and product formulations. Structure and properties Structure of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is in the family of organosulfate compounds,[2] and has the formula, CH3(CH2)11SO4Na. It consists of a 12-carbon tail attached to a sulfate group, that is, it is the sodium salt of a 12-carbon alcohol that has been esterified to sulfuric acid. An alternative description is that it is an alkyl group with a pendant, terminal sulfate group attached. As a result of its hydrocarbon tail, and its anionic "head group", it has amphiphilic properties that allow it to form micelles, and so act as a detergent. Physicochemical properties Bottle of 20% Sodium lauryl sulfate powder in distilled water for use in the laboratory. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) in pure water at 25 °C is 8.2 mM,[1] and the aggregation number at this concentration is usually considered to be about 62.[3] The micelle ionization fraction (α) is around 0.3 (or 30%). Production of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is synthesized by treating lauryl alcohol with sulfur trioxide gas, oleum, or chlorosulfuric acid to produce hydrogen lauryl sulfate.[5] The resulting product is then neutralized through the addition of sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate.[citation needed] Lauryl alcohol can be used in pure form or may be derived from either coconut or palm kernel oil by hydrolysis (which liberates their fatty acids), followed by hydrogenation.[citation needed] When produced from these sources, commercial samples of these "Sodium lauryl sulfate powder" products are actually not pure Sodium lauryl sulfate powder, rather a mixture of various sodium alkyl sulfates with Sodium lauryl sulfate powder being the main component.[6] For instance, Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is a component, along with other chain-length amphiphiles, when produced from coconut oil, and is known as sodium coco sulfate (SCS).[7] Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is available commercially in powder, pellet, and other forms (each differing in rates of dissolution), as well as in aqueous solutions of varying concentrations. Applications of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Cleaning and hygiene Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is mainly used in detergents for laundry with many cleaning applications.[8] It is a highly effective surfactant and is used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues; for example, it is found in higher concentrations with industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car exterior cleaners. In lower concentrations, it is found in hand soap, toothpastes, shampoos, shaving creams, and bubble bath formulations, for its ability to create a foam (lather), for its surfactant properties, and in part for its thickening effect. Food additive of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Sodium lauryl sulfate powder, appearing as its synonym Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (SLS), is considered a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) ingredient for food use according to the USFDA (21 CFR 172.822).[11] It is used as an emulsifying agent and whipping aid.[12] SLS is reported to temporarily diminish perception of sweetness. Laboratory applications of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Principal applications of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Sodium lauryl sulfate powder, in science referred to as Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (Sodium lauryl sulfate powder), is used in cleaning procedures,[14] and is commonly used as a component for lysing cells during RNA extraction and/or DNA extraction, and for denaturing proteins in preparation for electrophoresis in the Sodium lauryl sulfate powder-PAGE technique. Denaturation of a protein using Sodium lauryl sulfate powder In the case of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder-PAGE, the compound works by disrupting non-covalent bonds in the proteins, and so denaturing them, i.e. causing the protein molecules to lose their native conformations and shapes. By binding to proteins at a ratio of one Sodium lauryl sulfate powder molecule per 2 amino acid residues, the negatively charged detergent provides all proteins with a similar net negative charge and therefore a similar charge-to-mass ratio.[16] In this way, the difference in mobility of the polypeptide chains in the gel can be attributed solely to their length as opposed to both their native charge and shape.[16][17] It is possible to make separation based on the size of the polypeptide chain to simplify the analysis of protein molecules, this can be achieved by denaturing proteins with the detergent Sodium lauryl sulfate powder.[18] The association of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder molecules with protein molecules imparts an associated negative charge to the molecular aggregate formed;[citation needed] this negative charge is significantly greater than the original charge of that protein.[citation needed] The electrostatic repulsion that is created by Sodium lauryl sulfate powder binding forces proteins into a rod-like shape, thereby eliminating differences in shape as a factor for electrophoretic separation in gels.[citation needed] A dodecyl sulfate molecule has two negative charges at the pH value used for electrophoresis, this will lead the net charge of coated polypeptide chains to be much more negative than uncoated chains.[18] The charge-to-mass ratio is essentially identical for different proteins because Sodium lauryl sulfate powder coating dominates the charge. Miscellaneous applications of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is used in an improved technique for preparing brain tissues for study by optical microscopy. The technique, which has been branded as CLARITY, was the work of Karl Deisseroth and coworkers at Stanford University, and involves infusion of the organ with an acrylamide solution to bind the macromolecules of the organ (proteins, nucleic acids, etc.), followed by thermal polymerization to form a "brain–hydrogel" (a mesh interspersed throughout the tissue to fix the macromolecules and other structures in space), and then by lipid removal using Sodium lauryl sulfate powder to eliminate light scattering with minimal protein loss, rendering the tissue quasi-transparent.[19][20] Along with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and Triton X-100, aqueous solutions of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder are popular for dispersing or suspending nanotubes, such as carbon nanotubes. Niche uses of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Sodium lauryl sulfate powder has been proposed as a potentially effective topical microbicide, for intravaginal use, to inhibit and possibly prevent infection by various enveloped and non-enveloped viruses such as the herpes simplex viruses, HIV, and the Semliki Forest virus.[22][23] In gas hydrate formation experiments, Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is used as a gas hydrate growth promoter.[24][25] [26] Researchers aim for gas hydrate promotions as scale-up of industrial applications of gas hydrates such as desalination process,[27] gas storage, and gas separation technologies.[28] Liquid membranes formed from Sodium lauryl sulfate powder in water have been demonstrated to work as unusual particle separators.[29] The device acts as a reverse filter, allowing large particles to pass while capturing smaller particles. Toxicology of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Carcinogenicity Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is not carcinogenic when consumed or applied directly, even to amounts and concentrations that exceed amounts used in standard commercial products.[30][31] The earlier review of the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) program Expert Panel in 1983 reported that Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (there, abbreviated SLS, for Sodium lauryl sulfate powder) in concentrations up to 2%, in a year-long oral dietary studies in dogs, gave no evidence of tumorigenicity or carcinogenicity, and that no excess chromosomal aberrations or clastogenic effects were observed in rats fed up to 1.13% Sodium lauryl sulfate powder in their diets for 90 days, over those on a control diet.[30]:157, 175 The 2005 review by the same group indicated that further available data lacked any available suggestion that Sodium lauryl sulfate powder or the related ammonium salt of the same amphiphile could be carcinogenic, stating that "Despite assertions to the contrary on the Internet, the carcinogenicity of these ingredients is only a rumor;" both studies conclude that Sodium lauryl sulfate powder appears "to be safe in formulations designed for discontinuous, brief use followed by thorough rinsing from the surface of the skin. In products intended for prolonged contact with skin, concentrations should not exceed 1%. Sensitivity of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Like all detergents, Sodium lauryl sulfate powder removes oils from the skin, and can cause skin and eye irritation.[citation needed] It has been shown to irritate the skin of the face, with prolonged and constant exposure (more than an hour) in young adults.[32] Sodium lauryl sulfate powder may worsen skin problems in individuals with chronic skin hypersensitivity, with some people being affected more than others.[33][34][35] Oral concerns of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder The low cost of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder,[36] its lack of impact on taste,[36] its potential impact on volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), which contribute to malodorous breath,[37] and its desirable action as a foaming agent have led to the use of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder in the formulations of toothpastes.[36] A series of small crossover studies (25-34 patients) have supported the efficacy of SLS in the reduction of VSCs, and its related positive impact on breath malodor, although these studies have been generally noted to reflect technical challenges in the control of study design variables.[37] While primary sources from the group of Irma Rantanen at University of Turku, Finland conclude an impact on dry mouth (xerostomia) from SLS-containing pastes, a 2011 Cochrane review of these studies, and of the more general area, concludes that there "is no strong evidence… that any topical therapy is effective for relieving the symptom of dry mouth."[38] A safety concern has been raised on the basis of several studies regarding the effect of toothpaste Sodium lauryl sulfate powder on aphthous ulcers, commonly referred to as canker or white sores.[36] A consensus regarding practice (or change in practice) has not appeared as a result of the studies.[39][40] As Lippert notes, of 2013, "very few… marketed toothpastes contain a surfactant other than SLS [Sodium lauryl sulfate powder]," and leading manufacturers continue to formulate their produce with Sodium lauryl sulfate powder. Interaction with fluoride Some studies have suggested that SLS in toothpaste may decrease the effectiveness of fluoride at preventing dental caries (cavities). This may be due to SLS interacting with the deposition of fluoride on tooth enamel. Readily pourable, palm-derived, high foaming, anionic surfactant used in the chemical formulating and detergent manufacturing industries. It is a higher foaming variation of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (SLES). Features of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder : Free flowing liquid makes it easier to pour. Used in wetting agent formulations, liquid detergents, cleaners, shampoos and laundry detergents. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder dissolves readily in hard and soft water and provides a consistent foam character. Packaging of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder : Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is available in IBCs (1000kg bulk containers) and drums. Safety of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder : Please consult the SDS on Sodium lauryl sulfate powder before use. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (sodium dodecyl sulphate) is a kind of anionic surfactant, dissolves in the water easily, compatibility with anion and non-ionic, good performances on emulsifying, foaming, osmosis, detergency and de-centrality. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Powder Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Powder is a widely used surfactant often used as a foaming agent in many common products like Bath products, shampoos, foaming powders and mony industrial and commercial cleaners. SaveonCitric offers a highly Active, high quality Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Powdered Sodium lauryl sulfate powder. If you are formulating a product like a powdered or tablet cleanser, or blending liquid hard surface or carpet cleaners, try Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Powder. Check the FIFRa list if you are formulating blends and looking for an accepted surfactant. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder , synonymously, Sodium lauryl sulfate powder , or sodium laurilsulfate, is a synthetic organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)11SO4Na. It is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products. The sodium salt is of an organosulfate class of organics. It consists of a 12-carbon tail attached to a sulfate group, that is, it is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate, the ester of dodecyl alcohol and sulfuric acid. Its hydrocarbon tail combined with a polar "headgroup" give the compound amphiphilic properties and so make it useful as a detergent.[not verified in body] Also derived as a component of mixtures produced from inexpensive coconut and palm oils, Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is a common component of many domestic cleaning, personal hygiene and cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food products, as well as of industrial and commercial cleaning and product formulations. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is a widely used surfactant in cleaning products, cosmetic, and personal care products. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder 's uses in these products have been thoroughly evaluated and determined to be safe for consumers and the environment. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder , sodium laurilsulfate or Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (Sodium lauryl sulfate powder or NaDS) (C12H25SO4Na) is an anionic surfactant used as an emulsifying cleaning agent in many cleaning and hygiene products. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is a highly effective surfactant and is used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues. For example, it is found in higher concentrations with industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash soaps. It is used in lower concentrations with toothpastes, shampoos, and shaving foams. It is an important component in bubble bath formulations for its thickening effect and its ability to create a lather. WHAT IS Sodium lauryl sulfate powder ? Sodium lauryl sulfate powder , also known as Sodium lauryl sulfate powder, is a widely used surfactant in cleaning products, cosmetics, and personal care products. The Sodium lauryl sulfate powder formula is a highly effective anionic surfactant used to remove oily stains and residues. It is found in high concentrations in industrial products, including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash products, where workplace protections can be implemented to avoid unsafe exposures. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is also used in lower concentrations in household and personal care products such as cleaning products, toothpastes, shampoos, and shaving foams. SAFETY Sodium lauryl sulfate powder has been thoroughly reviewed for its safety by a number of governments. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder from the requirement of tolerance for residues when used as a component of food contact sanitizing solutions applied to all food contact surfaces in public eating places, dairy-processing equipment, and food-processing equipment and utensils at a maximum level in the end-use concentration of 350 parts per million (ppm). The regulation eliminates the need to establish a maximum permissible level for residues of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) includes Sodium lauryl sulfate powder on its list of multipurpose additives allowed to be directly added to food. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder and Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate are also approved indirect food additives. For example, both ingredients are permitted to be used as components of coatings. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder and Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate may be used in cosmetics and personal care products marketed in Europe according to the general provisions of the Cosmetics Directive of the European Union. The Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development, which is an organization of 30-plus developed countries, has reviewed the human and environmental hazards of a category of chemicals that includes Sodium lauryl sulfate powder. No chronic human health hazards, including carcinogenicity, were identified. The hazard assessment for the category (alkyl sulphates, alkane sulphonates and alpha-olefin sulphonates category) is posted on the OECD website. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder has also been thoroughly reviewed for human safety by an industry funded, independent panel, which found: There is no evidence of harm from the use of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder in cosmetic products, where there is intentional, direct contact with the skin. The ingredient was reviewed in 1983 and re-reviewed in 2005 by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)1 Expert Panel and found to be safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder can cause skin irritation in some persons, which is one reason why it is important to follow the label instructions when using a cleaning product. A complete report on Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is available from CIR. Use: -Detergency: tooth paste, shampoo, cosmetic, detergent, etc. -Construction: plasterboard, additive of concrete, coating, etc. -Pharmaceutical: Medicine, pesticide, etc. -Leather: leather soft agent, wool cleaning agent, etc. -Paper making: penetrant, flocculating agent, deinking agent, etc. -Auxiliaries: textile auxiliaries, plastic auxiliaries, etc. -Fire fighting: oil well fire fighting, fire fighting device, etc. -Mineral choosing: mine flotation, coal water mixture, etc. Overview Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is one of the ingredients you'll find listed on your shampoo bottle. However, unless you're a chemist, you likely don't know what it is. The chemical is found in many cleaning and beauty products, but it's frequently misunderstood. Urban myths have linked it to cancer, skin irritation, and more. Science may tell a different story. How it works Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is what's known as a "surfactant." This means it lowers the surface tension between ingredients, which is why it's used as a cleansing and foaming agent. Most concerns about Sodium lauryl sulfate powder stem from the fact that it can be found in beauty and self-care products as well as in household cleaners. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is a surfactant with a similar chemical formula. However, SLES is milder and less irritating than Sodium lauryl sulfate powder. Where you'll find Sodium lauryl sulfate powder If you look under your bathroom sink, or on the shelf in your shower, it's very likely you'll find Sodium lauryl sulfate powder in your home. It's used in a variety of products, including: Grooming products, such as shaving cream, lip balm, hand sanitizer, nail treatments, makeup remover, foundation, facial cleansers, exfoliants, and liquid hand soap Hair products, such as shampoo, conditioner, hair dye, dandruff treatment, and styling gel Dental care products, such as toothpaste, teeth whitening products, and mouthwash Bath products, such as bath oils or salts, body wash, and bubble bath Creams and lotions, such as hand cream, masks, anti-itch creams, hair-removal products, and sunscreen You'll notice that all of these products are topical, or applied directly to the skin or body. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is also used as a food additive, usually as an emulsifier or a thickener. It can be found in dried egg products, some marshmallow products, and certain dry beverage bases. Are there dangers? The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regards Sodium lauryl sulfate powder as safe as a food additive. Regarding its use in cosmetics and body products, the safety assessment study of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder , published in 1983 in the International Journal of Toxicology (the most recent assessment), found that it's not harmful if used briefly and rinsed from the skin, as with shampoos and soaps. The report says that products that stay on the skin longer shouldn't exceed 1 percent concentration of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder. However, the same assessment did suggest some possible, albeit minimal, risk to humans using Sodium lauryl sulfate powder. For example, some tests found that continuous skin exposure to Sodium lauryl sulfate powder could cause mild to moderate irritation in animals. Nevertheless, the assessment concluded that Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is safe in formulations used in cosmetics and personal care products. Because many of these products are designed to be rinsed off after short applications, the risks are minimal. According to most research, Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is an irritant but not a carcinogen. Studies have shown no link between the use of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder and increased cancer risk. According to a 2015 study, Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is safe for use in household cleaning products. About 1/3 of HIV positive mothers transmit the virus to their newborns, and 1/2 of these infections occur during breastfeeding. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (SLS), an anionic surfactant, is a common ingredient of cosmetic and personal care products. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is "readily biodegradable" with low toxicity and "is of no concern with respect to human health". Up to 1 g of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder/kg is the maximum safe dose for children. Alkyl sulfates, including Sodium lauryl sulfate powder, are microbicidal against HIV types 1 and 2, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), human papillomaviruses and chlamydia. /The study/ hypothesizes that Sodium lauryl sulfate powder treatment of milk will inactivate HIV-1 without significant harm to its nutritional value and protective functions and may define a treatment of choice for breastwas at 37 degrees C for 10 min. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder-PAGE and Lowry were used to analyze protein content. Antibody content and function was studied by rocket immunoelectrophoresis (RIE), immunoturbodimentric (ITM) quantitation and ELISA. The creamatocrit was also analyzed. HIV-1 infectivity was measured by MAGI assay. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder removal was by Detergent-OutN (Geno Technology, Inc.). Sodium lauryl sulfate powder quantitation is by methylene blue-chloroform method. Inactivation of HIV-1 with Sodium lauryl sulfate powder occurs at or above 0.025%. In milk samples, 1% and 0.1% Sodium lauryl sulfate powder reduced HSV-2 infectivity. At least 90% of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder can be efficiently removed with Detergent-OutN, with protein recovery of 80%-100%. Gross protein species are conserved as indicated by PAGE analyses. Fat and energy content of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder-treated breast milk remains unchanged. 0.1% Sodium lauryl sulfate powder can be removed from human milk without altering the creamatocrit. ELISA of serum IgG (rubella) proved it remains functional in the presence of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder and after its removal. sIgA, IgG and IgM in breast milk are conserved after Sodium lauryl sulfate powder-treatment when measured by RIE and ITM. CONCLUSIONS: Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (0.025%) can inactivate HIV-1 in vitro and HSV-2 in breast milk. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder can be efficiently removed from milk samples. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder treatment of milk does not significantly alter protein content. Antibody function in serum and levels in breast milk are maintained after treatment and removal of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder. 0.1% Sodium lauryl sulfate powder does not alter fat concentration in milk and energy content is conserved. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder or related compounds may be used to prevent breast milk transmission of HIV-1. A broad-spectrum vaginal microbicide must be effective against a variety of sexually transmitted disease pathogens and be minimally toxic to the cell types found within the vaginal epithelium, including vaginal keratinocytes. /The study/ assessed the sensitivity of primary human vaginal keratinocytes to potential topical vaginal microbicides nonoxynol-9 (N-9), C31G, and Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (SLS). Direct immunofluorescence and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses demonstrated that primary vaginal keratinocytes expressed epithelial cell-specific keratin proteins. Experiments that compared vaginal keratinocyte sensitivity to each agent during a continuous, 48-hr exposure demonstrated that primary vaginal keratinocytes were almost five times more sensitive to N-9 than to either C31G or Sodium lauryl sulfate powder. To evaluate the effect of multiple microbicide exposures on cell viability, primary vaginal keratinocytes were exposed to N-9, C31G, or Sodium lauryl sulfate powder three times during a 78-hr period. In these experiments, cells were considerably more sensitive to C31G than to N-9 or Sodium lauryl sulfate powder at lower concentrations within the range tested. When agent concentrations were chosen to result in an endpoint of 25% viability after three daily exposures, each exposure decreased cell viability at the same constant rate. When time-dependent sensitivity during a continuous 48-hr exposure was examined, exposure to C31G for 18 hr resulted in losses in cell viability not caused by either N-9 or Sodium lauryl sulfate powder until at least 24 to 48 hr. Cumulatively, these results reveal important variations in time- and concentration-dependent sensitivity to N-9, C31G, or Sodium lauryl sulfate powder within populations of primary human vaginal keratinocytes cultured in vitro. These investigations represent initial steps toward both in vitro modeling of the vaginal microenvironment and studies of factors that impact the in vivo efficacy of vaginal topical microbicides. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (SLS) is an anionic detergent that can form complexes with protein through hydrophobic interactions. Studies have reported that the hydrodynamic functions of protein-Sodium lauryl sulfate powder complexes are governed by the length of their polypeptide chains. Thus, Sodium lauryl sulfate powder-based electrophoretic techniques can separate protein molecules based on their molecular weights. Additionally, Sodium lauryl sulfate powder can solubilize cell membranes and can extract membrane-bound proteins. Analytical procedures are described for determining residues of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder in whole blood from guinea pigs. Methods are based on hydrolysis & analysis by electron-capture gas-chromatography. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Electrophoresis Sodium lauryl sulfate powder electrophoresis was the next logical step after disk electrophoresis. While the latter discriminates macromolecules on the basis of both size and surface charge, Sodium lauryl sulfate powder electrophoresis fractionates polypeptide chains essentially on the basis of their size. It is therefore a simple, yet powerful and reliable method for molecular mass (Mr) determination. In 1967, it was first reported that electrophoretic migration in Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is proportional to the effective molecular radius and thus to the Mr of the polypeptide chain. This result means that Sodium lauryl sulfate powder must bind to proteins and cancel out differences in molecular charge, so that all components then migrate solely according to size. Surprisingly large amounts of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder appear to be bound (an average of 1.4 g Sodium lauryl sulfate powder per gram of protein), which means that the number of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder molecules bound is of the order of half the number of amino acid residues in a polypeptide chain. This amount of highly charged surfactant molecules is sufficient to overwhelm effectively the intrinsic charges of the polymer coil, so that their net charge per unit mass becomes approximately constant. If migration in Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (and disulfide reducing agents, such as 2-mercaptoethanol, in the denaturing step, for a proper unfolding of the proteins) is proportional only to molecular mass, then, in addition to canceling out of charge differences, Sodium lauryl sulfate powder also equalizes molecular shape differences as well (e.g., globular versus rod-shaped molecules). This seems to be the case for protein–Sodium lauryl sulfate powder mixed micelles: these complexes can be assumed to behave as ellipsoids of constant minor axis (∼1.8 nm) and with the major axis proportional to the length in amino acids (i.e., to molecular mass) of the protein. The rod length for the 1.4 g Sodium lauryl sulfate powder/g protein complex is of the order of 0.074 nm per amino acid residue. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder Sodium lauryl sulfate powder (SLS), also known as lauryl sulfate, is an ionic detergent that is useful for the rapid disruption of biological membranes. It is a key component of many reagents used to purify nucleic acids because of its abilities to quickly disrupt the tissue architecture and to inhibit both RNase and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is usually prepared as either a 10% or a 20% (w/v) stock solution and is used most often at a working concentration of 0.1% to 0.5%. The performance of this detergent can be affected significantly by its purity. Sodium lauryl sulfate powder is easily precipitable in the presence of potassium salts and generally is not added to guanidinium buffers, as it has very low solubility in high-salt, chaotropic solutions. Two classes of proteins show anomalous behavior in Sodium lauryl sulfate powder electrophoresis: glycoproteins (because their hydrophilic oligosaccharide units prevent hydrophobic binding of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder micelles) and strongly basic proteins (e.g., histones) (because of electrostatic binding of Sodium lauryl sulfate powder micelles through their sulfate groups). The first can be partially alleviated by using Tris–borate buffers at alkaline pH, which will increase the net negative charge on the glycoprotein, thus producing migration rates well correlated with molecular size. Migration of histones can be improved by using pore gradient gels and allowing the polypeptide chains to approach the pore limit.
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE (SLS)

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a synthetic detergent and surfactant commonly used in a variety of personal care, cleaning, and industrial products.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) belongs to the class of compounds known as alkyl sulfates.
The combination of a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head makes Sodium Lauryl Sulfate an effective surfactant.
In aqueous solutions, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) can lower the surface tension of water, enabling it to break down and emulsify oils and grease.
This property makes it widely used in products like shampoos, soaps, toothpaste, and various cleaning agents.

CAS Number: 151-21-3
EC Number: 205-788-1



APPLICATIONS


Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is extensively used in the formulation of shampoos, contributing to the cleansing and foaming properties that effectively remove dirt and oils from hair.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a key ingredient in body washes and shower gels, providing a rich lather for a thorough and enjoyable cleansing experience.
Toothpaste formulations often include Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) to enhance its ability to disperse and foam, aiding in the removal of plaque and debris during brushing.
Facial cleansers and exfoliants utilize Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) for its emulsifying properties, ensuring the effective removal of makeup, oils, and impurities from the skin.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is present in various liquid soaps and hand washes, providing a foaming action that enhances the perception of cleanliness.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) plays a crucial role in the manufacturing of bubble baths, contributing to the creation of stable and long-lasting bubbles for a relaxing bath experience.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the formulation of dishwashing detergents, enhancing the detergent's ability to cut through grease and food residues.

In the production of laundry detergents, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) contributes to the effective removal of stains and soils from fabrics, improving the overall cleaning performance.
As an emulsifying agent, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the formulation of creams and lotions, ensuring a smooth and uniform consistency in cosmetic and skincare products.

Shaving creams and foams often contain Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) to improve the lubrication and foaming properties for a smoother and more comfortable shave.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a common ingredient in pet shampoos, providing effective cleaning and foaming for the proper hygiene of pets.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is utilized in the creation of bath salts and bath bombs, enhancing the dispersion of fragrance, colorants, and skin-soothing agents in bathwater.
Certain pharmaceutical products, such as oral care solutions and medicated mouthwashes, may include SLS for its foaming and solubilizing capabilities.

In the agricultural sector, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the formulation of pesticide sprays, assisting in the even distribution and adherence of active ingredients to plants.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is found in the composition of some paints and coatings, aiding in the dispersion of pigments for improved coverage and application.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the creation of simulated seafoam for aquariums, providing a realistic and stable foam appearance.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the manufacturing of air freshener formulations, ensuring the even dispersion of fragrance in the air.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is present in certain formulations of hair dyes and colorants, aiding in the dispersion and application of color pigments.
The production of modeling clay for children involves the use of SLS, contributing to the pliability and moldability of the clay.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is utilized in the development of airbrush makeup products, contributing to the creation of a fine and uniform spray of makeup particles.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is an essential component in the creation of theatrical fog solutions, aiding in the formation of dense and long-lasting fog effects.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) finds application in the creation of insecticidal shampoos for pets, assisting in the removal of fleas and ticks.
In the construction industry, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the preparation of concrete admixtures, assisting in the dispersion of additives for improved concrete properties.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the formulation of rust removers, contributing to the effective penetration and removal of rust from surfaces.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is utilized in the creation of fire extinguisher foam concentrates, contributing to the formation of stable fire-suppressing foam.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a common ingredient in the production of household and industrial floor cleaners, ensuring effective removal of dirt and grime.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is utilized in the formulation of carpet shampoos, contributing to the creation of foamy lather for deep cleaning and stain removal.

In the printing industry, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the formulation of inks, ensuring even spreading and adhesion of pigments on various surfaces.
Certain formulations of metal polishes and cleaners contain SLS, aiding in the removal of tarnish and oxidation from metal surfaces.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the creation of industrial degreasing agents, which are vital for the removal of grease and oil from machinery and surfaces.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is found in the formulation of fire retardants, contributing to the creation of flame-retardant coatings for certain materials.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the preparation of leather cleaning and conditioning products, ensuring proper care and maintenance of leather goods.

In the production of automotive cleaning products, SLS contributes to the formulation of effective car washes and wheel cleaners.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the creation of rust inhibitors, assisting in preventing corrosion on metal surfaces in various applications.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a key ingredient in the formulation of screen-cleaning solutions for electronic devices, ensuring the removal of fingerprints and smudges.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the manufacturing of industrial lubricants, aiding in the dispersion of additives for improved lubrication and performance.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is found in certain formulations of lubricating grease, contributing to its consistency and application properties.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is utilized in the creation of artificial snow and foam for theatrical productions, creating realistic and stable visual effects.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is present in the composition of certain brake fluids, assisting in the uniform dispersion of additives for improved brake performance.

In the textile industry, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used as a wetting agent in the dyeing process, ensuring the even penetration of dyes into fabrics for uniform coloration.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the formulation of adhesive removers, aiding in the removal of adhesives and sticky residues from various surfaces.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is utilized in the creation of industrial emulsions, contributing to the stability and dispersion of oil-in-water emulsions.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is found in certain formulations of concrete additives, assisting in the improvement of workability and strength of concrete mixtures.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the manufacturing of rubber products, contributing to the dispersion of additives and fillers for improved rubber properties.

In the creation of mold-release agents, SLS aids in the formulation of solutions that prevent sticking and facilitate the release of molded products.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the formulation of anti-fog solutions for eyewear and goggles, ensuring clear vision in various conditions.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the preparation of insecticidal fogging solutions, aiding in the dispersion of insecticides for pest control.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is utilized in the creation of theatrical foam machines, contributing to the generation of stable and voluminous foam effects.
In the agricultural sector, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is found in the formulation of adjuvants, enhancing the spreading and wetting properties of pesticide and herbicide solutions.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the production of industrial cleaning wipes, contributing to the effective removal of contaminants from surfaces.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is utilized in the formulation of fire-fighting foams, contributing to the creation of stable and effective firefighting solutions.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a common ingredient in the production of airbrush cleaning solutions, ensuring the removal of paint residues and maintaining airbrush performance.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is found in certain formulations of wound cleansing solutions, aiding in the gentle cleaning of wounds and abrasions.
In the creation of theatrical snow solutions, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) contributes to the generation of realistic and long-lasting snowfall effects.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the formulation of fountain solutions used in offset printing, aiding in the dampening of printing plates.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the production of synthetic sea salt solutions for aquariums, creating a realistic marine environment.

In the formulation of cuticle removers, SLS contributes to the breakdown of cuticle tissue, facilitating nail care and manicure processes.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is found in certain formulations of cold process soap-making, serving as a key ingredient for creating lathering and cleansing bars.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the preparation of cosmetic clay masks, aiding in the dispersion and application of the mask for skincare benefits.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the creation of certain hair styling products, contributing to the dispersion and hold of styling agents.
In the production of air freshener gels, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) ensures the even dispersion of fragrance for long-lasting and consistent room fragrance.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is found in certain formulations of diaper rash creams, aiding in the uniform application and spreadability of the product.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the creation of certain denture cleansers, ensuring effective removal of stains and debris from denture surfaces.

In the formulation of paint strippers, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) contributes to the effectiveness of the stripping solution in removing layers of paint from surfaces.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is utilized in the production of effervescent bath tablets, aiding in the dispersion of ingredients for a fizzy and aromatic bath experience.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is found in certain formulations of hair color removers, assisting in the breakdown and removal of hair dye from the hair shaft.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the manufacturing of degreasing wipes, providing a convenient and effective solution for the removal of grease from surfaces.

In the formulation of pre-treatment solutions for laundry, SLS aids in the removal of stains and enhances the overall cleaning performance.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the creation of effervescent dental cleaning tablets, ensuring the dispersion of cleaning agents for oral hygiene.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is found in certain formulations of rust stain removers, contributing to the breakdown and removal of rust stains from various surfaces.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the production of cut flower preservatives, aiding in the dispersion of nutrients to extend the freshness of cut flowers.
In the formulation of liquid fertilizer concentrates, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) contributes to the even dispersion of nutrients for enhanced plant growth.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the creation of certain silver cleaning solutions, aiding in the removal of tarnish from silverware.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is found in certain formulations of lens-cleaning solutions, ensuring the effective removal of smudges and fingerprints from eyewear.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in the manufacturing of pet stain and odor removers, contributing to the breakdown and removal of stains and unpleasant odors.



DESCRIPTION


Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a synthetic detergent and surfactant commonly used in a variety of personal care, cleaning, and industrial products.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) belongs to the class of compounds known as alkyl sulfates.

The combination of a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head makes Sodium Lauryl Sulfate an effective surfactant.
In aqueous solutions, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) can lower the surface tension of water, enabling it to break down and emulsify oils and grease.
This property makes it widely used in products like shampoos, soaps, toothpaste, and various cleaning agents.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, commonly known as SLS, is a versatile and widely used synthetic detergent.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant, possessing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is derived from lauryl alcohol, a 12-carbon chain alcohol, through a sulfation process.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a white or cream-colored crystalline powder, often found in various physical forms such as powders, pastes, or liquid solutions.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is water-soluble, exhibiting excellent solubility in water, which contributes to its effectiveness as a surfactant.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is known for its remarkable foaming properties, creating a rich lather in personal care and cleaning products.
As a detergent, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) lowers the surface tension of water, allowing it to interact with and lift away oils and dirt.

The hydrophobic tail of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) interacts with grease and oil, while the hydrophilic head binds with water, facilitating emulsification.
Widely used in the cosmetic industry, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a key ingredient in shampoos, body washes, and toothpaste for its cleansing and foaming abilities.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is utilized in skincare products for its emulsifying properties, aiding in the removal of impurities from the skin.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a common component in household cleaning products, contributing to the effectiveness of detergents and dish soaps.
Used in the textile industry, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) acts as a wetting agent during dyeing processes, ensuring even color distribution.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is an important ingredient in the formulation of industrial degreasers, effectively removing grease and grime from surfaces.
In the pharmaceutical sector, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is employed in tablet formulations as a disintegrating agent for rapid dissolution in water.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) finds applications in the production of fire extinguisher foam due to its ability to generate stable and persistent bubbles.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is present in some pesticide formulations, enhancing the spreading and wetting of the active ingredients.
Utilized in the manufacturing of latex products, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) contributes to the stabilization of latex emulsions.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is used in the oil and gas industry as part of drilling fluids for its emulsifying and dispersing properties.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a common ingredient in pet shampoos, ensuring effective cleaning and foaming for proper pet hygiene.

In the food industry, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) may be used in certain food additives, adhering to regulatory guidelines for safety.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS)'s compatibility with a variety of ingredients makes it a popular choice in diverse formulations across industries.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) has antistatic properties, making it valuable in hair care products for reducing static electricity.
Despite its widespread use, some formulations may offer SLS-free alternatives for individuals with skin sensitivity concerns.
As an anionic surfactant, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) plays a pivotal role in various applications, contributing to the efficacy of countless consumer and industrial products.



PROPERTIES


Chemical formula: C12H25NaSO4
Molar mass: 288.372 g/mol
Appearance: white or cream-colored solid
Odor: odorless
Density: 1.01 g/cm3
Melting point: 206 °C (403 °F; 479 K)
Common Name: Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS)
Molecular Weight: Approximately 288.38 g/mol
Physical State: Solid (powder or flakes), liquid (aqueous solutions)
Color: White or cream-colored (solid form), clear to pale yellow (aqueous solutions)
Odor: Typically odorless or may have a mild characteristic odor
Solubility:: Highly soluble in water. Insoluble in organic solvents like oils and most hydrocarbons
pH (1% Aqueous Solution): ~7 (neutral)
Melting Point: Decomposes before melting
Boiling Point: Decomposes upon heating
Density: Varies with concentration; typically around 1.03 - 1.05 g/cm³ for a 10% solution
Viscosity: Depends on concentration and temperature; typically low viscosity in aqueous solutions
Surface Tension Reduction: Acts as a surfactant, reducing the surface tension of water



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If inhaled, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air.
Allow the person to breathe in a well-ventilated area.

Seek Medical Attention:
If respiratory irritation persists or if breathing difficulties occur, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is unconscious or having difficulty breathing, call emergency services.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Quickly and gently remove any contaminated clothing.
Rinse the skin thoroughly with lukewarm water.

Wash Skin:
Wash the affected skin area with mild soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
Use a gentle, non-abrasive soap to avoid further irritation.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation, redness, or other adverse reactions persist, seek medical attention.
In case of severe skin irritation or burns, call emergency services.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
Immediately flush the eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
Use an eyewash station if available.

Keep Eyes Open:
Ensure the affected person keeps their eyes open during flushing to allow thorough rinsing.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If present and easy to do, remove contact lenses after the initial flushing.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention for eye irritation, redness, or if vision is affected.
Do not delay seeking professional medical help.


Ingestion:

DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING:
Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
If the person is conscious, rinse the mouth with water.

Drink Water:
If conscious and not vomiting, have the affected person drink water to dilute the substance.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention, and provide the medical personnel with information about the ingested substance.
Call emergency services if necessary.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing when handling SLS.
Use respiratory protection if working in an area with airborne concentrations.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.
Avoid prolonged exposure to vapors or dust.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid direct skin contact and inhalation of dust or vapors.
Use tools or utensils when handling SLS to minimize contact.

Good Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands thoroughly after handling SLS.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while working with the substance.

Emergency Equipment:
Ensure the availability of emergency eyewash stations and safety showers in areas where SLS is handled.
Familiarize personnel with the location and proper use of emergency equipment.

Spill Response:
In the event of a spill, follow appropriate spill response procedures outlined in the product's Safety Data Sheet (SDS).
Use absorbent materials to contain and clean up spills promptly.

Storage Compatibility:
Store SLS away from incompatible substances, such as strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents.
Do not store with food, feed, or other consumables.

Labeling and Identification:
Ensure containers are properly labeled with the correct product name, hazard information, and safety precautions.
Clearly mark storage areas for easy identification.

Training:
Provide training to personnel handling SLS on the proper procedures, hazards, and emergency response protocols.

Equipment Inspection:
Regularly inspect and maintain equipment used for handling SLS to ensure proper functioning.
Repair or replace damaged equipment promptly.


Storage:

Storage Temperature:
Store SLS in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Avoid extreme temperatures that could lead to degradation or changes in properties.

Ventilation in Storage Areas:
Ensure adequate ventilation in storage areas to prevent the buildup of vapors.
Use mechanical ventilation if necessary.

Separation from Incompatible Materials:
Store SLS away from incompatible materials, including strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents.
Follow guidelines for segregation of chemicals.

Storage Containers:
Use containers made of materials compatible with SLS.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and exposure.

Segregation from Food and Feed:
Segregate SLS storage areas from areas used for storing food, feed, or consumables.
Prevent cross-contamination.

Storage Height:
Store containers at a height that minimizes the risk of damage and facilitates easy inspection.

Fire Prevention:
Keep SLS away from ignition sources, and do not store near open flames or heat-producing equipment.
Follow fire prevention measures in accordance with local regulations.

Shelf Life Monitoring:
Monitor and manage inventory to ensure that older stock is used first (first-in, first-out principle).
Regularly check the shelf life of SLS and replace expired stock.

Accessibility for Inspection:
Ensure that storage areas are accessible for inspections and emergency response.
Keep aisles clear for easy movement and access.



SYNONYMS


Sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium laurilsulfate
Sodium monododecyl sulfate
Sodium lauryl sulphate
Sodium n-dodecyl sulfate
Lauryl sodium sulfate
SDS
Sodium coco sulfate (a related compound, often used interchangeably)
Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt
Sodium salt of sulfuric acid, monododecyl ester
Dodecyl sodium sulfate
Lauryl sulfate sodium salt
Sodium laurylsulfonate
Sodium n-dodecyl sulphate
Sodium monolauryl sulfate
Sodium dodecane sulfate
Sodium lauryl ether sulfate
Sodium dodecan-1-ol sulfate
Sodium dodecyl sulphate
Dodecyl sulfate sodium
SLS
Sodium alkyl sulfate
Sodium salt of lauryl sulfate
Lauryl sodium sulphate
Sodium 1-dodecanesulfonate
Sulfuric acid dodecyl ester sodium salt
Sodium dodecylsulfate
Sodium lauryl sulfate sodium salt
Sodium lauryl sulphate
Sodium lauryl sulfate ether
Sodium dodecyl sulfate monohydrate
Sodium lauryl sulfate solution
Sodium salt monododecyl ester sulfuric acid
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE 95%

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is a synthetic detergent and surfactant commonly used in various personal care and cleaning products.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is known for its ability to create a foaming lather, which is why it's often found in products like shampoos, toothpaste, soaps, and detergents.
The "95%" in Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% likely refers to the purity level of the compound.

CAS Number: 151-21-3
EC Number: 205-788-1



APPLICATIONS


Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is extensively used in the formulation of shampoos to provide effective cleansing by removing oil and dirt from the hair and scalp.
In toothpaste, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% contributes to foaming action, ensuring thorough coverage of tooth surfaces during brushing.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is a key ingredient in body washes and shower gels, enhancing their lathering properties and cleansing efficacy.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in facial cleansers and exfoliating scrubs to remove impurities and dead skin cells, leaving the skin feeling refreshed.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is utilized in hand soaps for its foaming and cleaning properties, promoting proper hand hygiene.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is found in many types of liquid and bar soaps, contributing to their ability to produce a rich and stable lather.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in bubble bath formulations to create long-lasting and stable bubbles, enhancing the bathing experience.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is a common ingredient in dishwashing detergents, aiding in the removal of grease and food residues from dishes and utensils.
In laundry detergents, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% helps disperse and lift dirt and stains from fabrics during the washing process.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the production of household cleaning products such as all-purpose cleaners and floor cleaners for effective surface cleaning.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the manufacturing of shaving creams and foams to improve the spreadability of the product on the skin.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% finds application in the formulation of pet shampoos, ensuring effective cleaning and foaming for thorough pet hygiene.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is utilized as an excipient in tablet formulations to aid in the disintegration of the tablet in water.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is a component in some formulations of medical mouthwashes and gargles for its ability to create a foaming effect.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the textile industry as a wetting agent and dispersant in dyeing processes to enhance color penetration.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% finds application in the production of firefighting foam due to its ability to create stable and persistent bubbles.
In the cosmetics industry, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the formulation of makeup products, including foundations and mascara, for its emulsifying properties.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the manufacturing of emulsion polymerization products, contributing to the stabilization and dispersion of polymer particles.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the preparation of protein samples for gel electrophoresis in molecular biology and biochemistry research.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is found in some types of carpet cleaning solutions, assisting in the removal of stains and soiling.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the creation of artificial snow for decorative and theatrical purposes due to its foaming properties.
In the automotive industry, SLS is utilized in car wash formulations to aid in the removal of dirt and grime from vehicle surfaces.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the formulation of pesticide and herbicide formulations to enhance their spreading and wetting capabilities.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the manufacturing of latex products, contributing to the stabilization of latex emulsions.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% finds application in the oil and gas industry as a component in drilling fluids for its ability to disperse and emulsify various substances.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is utilized in the formulation of industrial degreasers and cleaners, aiding in the removal of tough grease and grime from machinery and surfaces.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is a key ingredient in the production of high-performance car detailing products, contributing to effective cleaning and foaming during car washing.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% finds application in the creation of bath salts and bath bombs, enhancing the dispersion of essential oils and colorants in bathwater.

In the agricultural sector, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the formulation of pesticide sprays, assisting in the even distribution and adherence of active ingredients to plants.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the preparation of latex-based paints, ensuring the stable suspension of pigments and uniform coverage on surfaces.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is utilized in the manufacturing of personal lubricants, contributing to the lubricating and spreading properties of the product.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is found in certain formulations of hair dyes and hair colorants, aiding in the dispersion and application of color pigments.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the creation of modeling clay for children, contributing to the pliability and moldability of the clay.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% finds application in the development of air freshener formulations, ensuring the even dispersion of fragrance in the air.

In the construction industry, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is utilized in the preparation of concrete admixtures, assisting in the dispersion of additives for improved concrete properties.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the formulation of insecticidal shampoos for pets, aiding in the removal of fleas and ticks.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is a component in the creation of simulated seafoam for aquariums, providing a realistic and stable foam appearance.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the formulation of rust removers, contributing to the effective penetration and removal of rust from surfaces.

In the production of photographic chemicals, SLS is utilized as a wetting agent to promote even coating and development on photographic surfaces.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% finds application in the creation of bath and shower gels for pets, ensuring thorough cleaning and a pleasant bathing experience.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the preparation of fire extinguisher foam concentrates, contributing to the formation of stable fire-suppressing foam.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the formulation of contact lens cleaning solutions, aiding in the removal of protein deposits and debris from contact lenses.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is found in some formulations of ink and toner cartridges, contributing to the dispersion of color pigments during printing processes.

In the production of airbrush makeup products, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is utilized for its ability to create a fine and uniform spray of makeup particles.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the manufacturing of concrete block release agents, aiding in the easy release of concrete blocks from molds.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the formulation of cooling tower water treatment chemicals, assisting in the dispersion of scale and corrosion inhibitors.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is found in certain veterinary wound care products, contributing to the effective cleaning and disinfection of wounds in animals.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is utilized in the creation of theatrical fog solutions, aiding in the formation of dense and long-lasting fog effects.

In the formulation of insect repellent lotions, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% contributes to the even distribution and adherence of active repellent ingredients on the skin.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the preparation of cleaning solutions for optical lenses, ensuring effective removal of smudges and dirt.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is a crucial component in the formulation of industrial degreasing agents used in the automotive and manufacturing sectors.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the creation of bath salts and bath bombs, enhancing the dispersion of fragrance, colorants, and skin-soothing agents in bathwater.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the production of veterinary shampoos, aiding in the removal of dirt, debris, and unwanted odors from animals' fur.
In the printing industry, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is found in the formulation of printing inks, ensuring the even dispersion and adhesion of pigments on various surfaces.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is utilized in the preparation of wound-cleaning solutions for medical and veterinary purposes, ensuring effective disinfection.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the creation of art and craft materials, such as modeling clay and paper mache, for its molding and bonding properties.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is a key ingredient in the formulation of all-purpose household cleaners, contributing to the removal of stains, grease, and grime from surfaces.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is utilized in the creation of industrial cleaning products, including degreasers and surface cleaners used in commercial and manufacturing settings.
In the textile industry, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used as a wetting agent in dyeing processes, ensuring the even penetration of dyes into fabrics for uniform coloration.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the formulation of air fresheners, ensuring the effective dispersion of pleasant fragrances in enclosed spaces.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is found in the creation of theatrical snow and foam used in performances, creating realistic and stable visual effects.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the formulation of shoe cleaning products, aiding in the removal of dirt and stains from various types of footwear.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is utilized in the production of fire extinguisher foam, contributing to the creation of stable and effective fire-suppressing foam.

In the manufacturing of leather goods, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in leather cleaning and conditioning products, ensuring proper care and maintenance.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the formulation of pet stain and odor removers, aiding in the removal of pet-related stains and unpleasant odors.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the creation of effervescent bath tablets, contributing to the dispersion of ingredients in bathwater.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is found in the formulation of metal cleaners and polishes, aiding in the removal of tarnish and oxidation from various metal surfaces.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is utilized in the creation of foam-based fire suppression systems, ensuring the generation of stable firefighting foam in emergencies.
In the production of agricultural adjuvants, SLS is used to enhance the spreading and wetting properties of pesticide and herbicide formulations.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the formulation of screen-cleaning solutions for electronic devices, ensuring the removal of fingerprints and smudges.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the preparation of insecticidal fogging solutions, aiding in the dispersion of insecticides for pest control.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is found in certain formulations of industrial rust inhibitors, assisting in the prevention of corrosion on metal surfaces.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is employed in the creation of theatrical foam machines, contributing to the generation of stable and voluminous foam effects.
In the cosmetic industry, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in the formulation of facial cleansers and exfoliants, providing effective cleansing and skin renewal.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is utilized in the creation of car care products, including car washes and waxing solutions, for effective cleaning and protection.



DESCRIPTION


Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is a synthetic detergent and surfactant commonly used in various personal care and cleaning products.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is known for its ability to create a foaming lather, which is why it's often found in products like shampoos, toothpaste, soaps, and detergents.
The "95%" in Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% likely refers to the purity level of the compound.

It's important to note that while Sodium Lauryl Sulfate is widely used, some individuals may be sensitive to it, experiencing skin or eye irritation.
Different purity levels, such as 95%, may be used in various formulations depending on the intended application and product requirements. Always check product labels or specifications for details on the specific formulation and usage recommendations.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is an anionic surfactant widely used in the formulation of personal care and cleaning products.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is a white or cream-colored crystalline powder with a characteristic mild odor.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is highly soluble in water and has excellent foaming properties, making it a popular choice in shampoos, body washes, and toothpaste.
As a detergent, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% effectively breaks down the surface tension of water, allowing it to interact with oils and dirt for efficient cleansing.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is produced by sulfating lauryl alcohol, which is derived from coconut or palm kernel oil.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% acts as a wetting agent, facilitating the dispersion of solids in liquids, and as an emulsifier, aiding in the blending of oil and water.
In addition to its cleaning properties, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is known for its ability to create a rich and stable foam, contributing to the sensory experience of many personal care products.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is used in cosmetics not only for its cleansing capabilities but also as a thickening agent and a stabilizer in formulations.
Despite its widespread use, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% has been the subject of debate regarding its potential to cause skin irritation, especially in individuals with sensitive skin.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% has a critical micelle concentration (CMC), the concentration at which it forms stable micelles in solution, enhancing its surfactant properties.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is commonly found in household cleaning products like dishwashing detergents and laundry detergents.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% has the ability to reduce the surface tension of water, promoting the even spreading and wetting of surfaces.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% has been utilized for many decades as an effective and economical ingredient in various consumer products.
In toothpaste formulations, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% aids in the dispersion of toothpaste particles, ensuring thorough coverage of the teeth during brushing.

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% has antistatic properties, making it useful in hair care products to reduce static electricity and improve manageability.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is subject to various quality standards to ensure its purity and safety in consumer products.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is biodegradable under standard environmental conditions, minimizing its impact on ecosystems.

The hygroscopic nature of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% allows it to absorb and retain moisture, contributing to the flowability of powdered formulations.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is often included in formulations designed for deep cleaning, such as facial cleansers and exfoliating scrubs.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is a versatile ingredient, serving different functions in various products, including dispersing agents in pigment formulations.

Despite its use in many personal care items, some manufacturers offer sulfate-free alternatives to cater to individuals seeking milder formulations.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% is classified as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices in food-contact applications.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95%'s detergent properties make it effective in removing oils and greases, making it a staple in industrial cleaning applications.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 95% plays a crucial role in the formulation of bubble bath products, contributing to the creation of long-lasting, stable bubbles.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Structure: SLS has a hydrophobic (water-repelling) alkyl chain attached to a hydrophilic (water-attracting) sulfate group.
Physical Form: Typically a white or cream-colored crystalline powder.
Odor: Characteristic mild odor.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water.
Ionic Nature: Anionic surfactant.
Foaming Properties: Exhibits excellent foaming capabilities, contributing to lathering in cleaning and personal care products.
Physical State : Solid
Appearance : White to off-white needles
Odor : Fatty
Odor Threshold : No data available
pH : 7.5 - 10.5
Relative Evaporation Rate (butylacetate=1) : No data available
Melting Point : No data available
Freezing Point : No data available
Boiling Point : 187 °C @1010 hPa (368.6 °F)
Flash Point : 206.5 °C @ 1013 mbar (DIN EN ISO 3679) (403.7 °F)
Auto-ignition Temperature : >302°C (575.6°F)
Decomposition Temperature : No data available
Flammability (solid, gas) : No data available
Vapor Pressure : No data available
Relative Vapor Density at 20 °C : No data available
Relative Density : No data available
Specific gravity / density : 400 - 600 g/l @ 20°C
Solubility : <30 g/l at 20°C
Partition Coefficient: N-Octanol/Water : Log Kow: ≤ - 2.42 at 20°C (OECD Guideline 107)
Viscosity : Not available
Explosive Properties : No data available
Oxidizing Properties : No data available
Explosive Limits : No data available
Surface Tension Reduction: Acts as a detergent by reducing the surface tension of water, aiding in the dispersion of oils and dirt.
Emulsification: Has emulsifying properties, facilitating the blending of oil and water in formulations.
Wetting Agent: Acts as a wetting agent, promoting the even spreading and wetting of surfaces.
Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC): The concentration at which SLS forms stable micelles in solution, enhancing its surfactant properties.
Hydrophobicity: The hydrophobic alkyl chain contributes to its ability to interact with and solubilize nonpolar substances.
Biodegradability: Biodegradable under standard environmental conditions.
Production Source: Derived from lauryl alcohol, often sourced from coconut or palm kernel oil.
pH Level: Typically alkaline and may contribute to the alkalinity of formulations.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of cosmetic, personal care, and cleaning ingredients.
Storage Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions.
Hazard Classification: May cause skin or eye irritation in some individuals; classified as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices in certain applications.
Use Level: Used at varying concentrations depending on the application and product formulation.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If inhaled, immediately move the person to an area with fresh air.
Ensure that the affected person is breathing comfortably.

Seek Medical Attention:
If respiratory symptoms persist or if the person experiences difficulty breathing, seek medical attention immediately.

Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Remove any contaminated clothing to prevent further contact.

Flush with Water:
Wash the affected skin area thoroughly with plenty of water.
Use a mild soap if available.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation persists or if there are signs of skin damage, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
Immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes.
Ensure thorough rinsing of the eyes, including under the eyelids.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If applicable, remove contact lenses after the initial flushing.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention if eye irritation, redness, or pain persists.


Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical professionals.
If vomiting occurs naturally, keep the person's head below the hips to prevent aspiration.

Rinse Mouth:
Rinse the mouth with water if the person is conscious and able to do so.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide as much information as possible about the ingested substance.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing, especially when handling concentrated solutions of SLS.

Avoid Contact with Eyes and Skin:
Avoid direct contact with eyes and skin. In case of contact, rinse thoroughly with water.

Avoid Inhalation:
Minimize inhalation exposure by working in well-ventilated areas or using local exhaust ventilation.

Use in Well-Ventilated Areas:
Work in well-ventilated areas to minimize inhalation exposure. Consider using fume hoods or other local exhaust systems when appropriate.

Prevent Ingestion:
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling SLS. Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Avoid Mixing with Incompatible Substances:
Avoid mixing SLS with incompatible substances, such as strong acids or bases, as this may result in the release of harmful gases or other reactions.

Use Appropriate Tools and Equipment:
Use tools and equipment made of materials compatible with SLS to prevent contamination or reactions.

Follow Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP):
Adhere to good manufacturing practices when incorporating SLS into formulations or manufacturing processes.

Storage of Bulk Quantities:
Store bulk quantities of SLS in dedicated, labeled containers, away from incompatible substances.


Storage:

Store in a Cool, Dry Place:
Store SLS in a cool, dry place to prevent degradation and maintain stability.

Protect from Moisture:
Protect SLS from moisture, as it may clump or cake when exposed to water. Consider using moisture-resistant packaging.

Temperature Control:
If possible, control storage temperatures to prevent extreme heat or cold, which may affect the physical properties of SLS.

Avoid Sunlight Exposure:
Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight, as this may contribute to the degradation of SLS over time.

Secure Storage:
Store containers securely to prevent spills or leaks. Ensure proper labeling with hazard information.

Keep Containers Closed:
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and exposure to air.

Segregate from Incompatible Substances:
Segregate SLS from incompatible substances, including strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents.

Avoid Storage with Food or Feed:
Do not store SLS near food, feed, or food-contact surfaces to prevent unintentional contamination.



SYNONYMS


Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Lauryl Sodium Sulfate
Sodium n-Dodecyl Sulfate
Sodium Monododecyl Sulfate
Sulfuric Acid Monododecyl Ester Sodium Salt
SDS (Abbreviation for Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate)
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate
SLS (Abbreviation for Sodium Lauryl Sulfate)
Sodium Lauryl Sulfonate
Sodium n-Dodecyl Sulfonate
Sodium n-Dodecyl Sulfate
Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate
Lauryl Sulfate Sodium Salt
Lauryl Sulfuric Acid Sodium Salt
Lauryl Sodium Sulfonate
Sulfuric Acid Dodecyl Ester Sodium Salt
Sodium Salt of Lauryl Alcohol Sulfuric Acid Ester
Dodecyl Sodium Sulfate
Dodecyl Sulfate Sodium Salt
Sodium Salt of Dodecyl Sulfuric Acid Ester
Sodium n-Dodecyl Sulfonate
Sodium n-Dodecyl Sulphate
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Solution
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Paste
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Powder
Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate
Lauryl Sulfate Sodium
Lauryl Sodium Sulphate
Sodium n-Dodecyl Sulphate
Sodium n-Dodecyl Sulfonate
Sodium n-Dodecyl Sulfonate
Sodium n-Dodecyl Sulphonate
Sodium Dodecyl Sulphonate
Dodecyl Sulfate Sodium Salt
Dodecyl Sodium Sulfonate
Dodecyl Sodium Sulphate
Dodecyl Sodium Sulphonate
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Monohydrate
Lauryl Sulfate Sodium Salt Solution
Lauryl Sulfate Sodium Salt Paste
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate
Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate Ether
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate Sulfonate
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Ethoxylate
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Sulphonic Acid
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Sulfuric Acid Ester
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Sulfonic Acid Ester
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate Sulphonic Acid Ester
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Monododecyl Ester
SODIUM LAURYL SULFOACETATE
cas no 8061-51-6 Sodium base spent sulfite liquor; Llignosol; Sodium lignosulfonate; Desulfonated spent pulping liquor; Sodium lignosulfonate; Sodium lignosulfite; Sodium polignate; Llignosulfonic acids sodium salt; Sulfonated lignin sodium salt;
SODIUM LAURYL SULPHATE (SLS)
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant, and is a typical representative of sulphate-based surfactant.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is abbreviated as SLS, and also known as AS, K12, coco alcohol sulfate and foaming agent.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is non-toxic, slightly soluble in alcohol, insoluble in chloroform and ether, soluble in water, and has good anionic and nonionic complex compatibility.

CAS Number: 151-21-3
Molecular Formula: C12H25NaO4S
Molecular Weight: 288.38
EINECS Number: 205-788-1

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is usually white to light yellow crystalline powder.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) has good emulsibility, foamability, and foaming, infiltrating, decontaminating and dispersing properties.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is abundant in foams and quickly biodegradable, and has solubility next only to fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulphate (abbreviated as AES).

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is not sensitive to alkali and hard water, but its stability is inferior to general sulfonate under acidic conditions and is close to AES.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is not favorable to exceed 95 °C upon long-term heating, and its irritation is at the middle level among surfactants, with an irritation index of 3.3 for a 10% solution, which is higher than AES and lower than sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (abbreviated as LAS).

In general sanitary products the concentration is limited when used as a forming agent, and is in line with national standards.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is a major component of detergent.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is usually used in the DNA extraction process to separate DNA after protein denaturation.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is often misread as sodium dodecyl sulfonate.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is widely used as a foaming agent in toothpaste, soap, shower gel, shampoo, detergent and cosmetics.
95% of personal care products and household cleaning products contain sodium lauryl sulfate.

Sodium lauryl sulfate consists of white or cream to pale yellow coloured crystals, flakes, or powder having a smooth feel, a soapy, bitter taste, and a faint odor of fatty substances.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is easily soluble in water.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is a kind of anionic surfactant, belongs to the typical representative of sulfate surfactant, abbreviated AS SLS, also known as AS, K12, sodium coconut oil sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, foaming agent, the commodity on the market is usually white to slightly yellow crystalline powder, non-toxic, slightly soluble in alcohol, insoluble , ether, easily soluble in water, It has good compound compatibility with anions and non-ions, good emulsification, foaming, foaming, penetration, decontamination and dispersion properties, foam rich, biodegradation fast, but the degree of water solubility is inferior to fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate sodium (AES).

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is an organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) has a role as a detergent and a protein denaturant. It contains a dodecyl sulfate.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS), also spelled Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES) when ethoxylation is involved, is a widely used synthetic surfactant in many personal care and household products.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant, which means it has the ability to lower the surface tension between two substances, allowing them to mix more effectively.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is a widely used surfactant and can be found in many mainstream personal hygiene products such as shampoos, toothpastes, mouthwashes, bodywash, soaps, detergents and body wash.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) can lower the surface tension between ingredients.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS), an accepted contraction of sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES), also called sodium alkylethersulfate, is an anionic detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste, etc.) and for industrial uses.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is an inexpensive and very effective foaming agent.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS), ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS), and sodium pareth sulfate are surfactants that are used in many cosmetic products for their cleaning and emulsifying properties.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is derived from palm kernel oil or coconut oil.
In herbicides, Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used as a surfactant to improve absorption of the herbicidal chemicals and reduces time the product takes to be rainfast, when enough of the herbicidal agent will be absorbed.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is chemical formula is CH3(CH2)11(OCH2CH2)nOSO3Na.
Sometimes the number represented by n is specified in the name, for example laureth-2 sulfate.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is heterogeneous in the number of ethoxyl groups, where n is the mean. Laureth-3 sulfate is the most common one in commercial products.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant, K12 for short. Soluble in water, it has excellent emulsifying, foaming, penetrating, decontamination and dispersing properties, rich and delicate foam, good compatibility, good resistance to hard water and fast biodegradation.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is prepared by ethoxylation of dodecyl alcohol, which is produced industrially from palm kernel oil or coconut oil.
The resulting ethoxylate is converted to a half ester of sulfuric acid, which is neutralized by conversion to the sodium salt.

The related surfactant Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is produced similarly, but without the ethoxylation step.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) and ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS) are commonly used alternatives to SLES in consumer products.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant naturally derived from coconut and/or palm kernel oil.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) usually consists of a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions and is used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, and detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is also used in creams and pastes to properly disperse the ingredients and as research tool in protein biochemistry.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) also has some microbicidal activity.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is a kind of anionic surfactant, compatibility with anion and non-ionic,Fast biodegradability, detergency and dispersing performances.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is widely used in toothpaste, soap, shampoo, washing powder, bubble, hand washing agents and cosmetics.

Also it can be used as emulsifier, fire retardant, auxiliary agent of textile, and plating additive etc.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is a synthetic compound that has the chemical formula C12H25NaO4S.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant with a sulfate group (SO4) at one end of its hydrophobic (water-repelling) hydrocarbon chain.

This structure allows it to interact with both water and oils, making it effective at removing dirt and grease.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is known for its excellent foaming and cleaning abilities.
This is why it's commonly found in products like shampoos and toothpaste, where a rich lather is often desired for a thorough cleaning experience.

Some individuals may experience skin and eye irritation when using products containing Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS).
This is particularly true for people with sensitive skin or pre-existing skin conditions.
To address these concerns, milder surfactants are used in "SLS-free" or "sensitive skin" formulations.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) has been criticized for its potential environmental impact. When it enters wastewater, it can persist and accumulate in aquatic ecosystems.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is known to be toxic to aquatic life, which has raised concerns about its effects on the environment.

In response to consumer demand for milder and environmentally friendly products, many companies have started using alternative surfactants in their formulations.
These alternatives can be derived from natural sources, such as coconut or palm oil, and are often marketed as more environmentally friendly and gentler on the skin.

Melting point: 204-207 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.03 g/mL at 20 °C
FEMA: 4437 | SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Flash point: >100°C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: H2O: 0.1 M, clear to nearly clear, colorless to slightly yellow
form: Powder or Crystals
color: White to pale yellow
PH: 6-9 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor: Slight fatty odour
PH Range: 7.2
Water Solubility: ca. 150 g/L (20 ºC)
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.3
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.2
Merck: 14,8636
BRN: 3599286
InChIKey: DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
LogP: 1.600

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is incompatible with strong oxidizers.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is also incompatible with cationic materials and with acids with pH below 2.5.
Salts, basic, such as Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS), are generally soluble in water.

The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydroxide ions and have pH's greater than 7.0. They react as bases to neutralize acids.
These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of the bases in reactivity group 10 (Bases) and the neutralization of amines.
They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) reacts with cationic surfactants, causing loss of activity even in concentrations too low to cause precipitation.
Unlike soaps, Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is compatible with dilute acids and calcium and magnesium ions.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is incompatible with salts of polyvalent metal ions, such as aluminum, lead, tin or zinc, and precipitates with potassium salts.

Solutions of Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) (pH 9.5–10.0) are mildly corrosive to mild steel, copper, brass, bronze, and aluminum.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant employed in a wide range of nonparenteral pharmaceutical formulations and cosmetics.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is a detergent and wetting agent effective in both alkaline and acidic conditions.

In recent years it has found application in analytical electrophoretic techniques: Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is one of the more widely used techniques for the analysis of proteins; and sodium lauryl sulfate has been used to enhance the selectivity of micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC).
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) K12, sodium lauryl sulfate CAS 151-21-3, is a synthetic organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)11SO4Na.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is a common component of many domestic cleaning, personal hygiene and cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food products, as well as of industrial and commercial cleaning and product formulations.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is a kind of anionic surfactant with excellent performance.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) has good cleaning, emulsifying, wetting and foaming properties.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is soluble in water easily, compatible with many surfactants, and stable in hard water.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is biodegradable with low irritation to skin and eye.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) works by attracting both water and oil, which helps to break down grease and dirt, making it easier to wash them away.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is ability to create a rich lather is often appreciated in personal care products, as it gives the sensation of thorough cleaning.
However, there has been some controversy surrounding Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) and its related compounds.

Some people may experience skin or eye irritation when using products containing Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS), especially if they have sensitive skin or allergies.
In addition, there have been concerns about the environmental impact of Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS), as it can be toxic to aquatic life and may persist in the environment.
Like other surfactants, Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is amphiphilic.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) thus migrates to the surface of liquids, where its alignment and aggregation with other SLS molecules lowers the surface tension.
This allows for easier spreading and mixing of the liquid.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) has potent protein denaturing activity and inhibits the infectivity of viruses by by solubilizing the viral envelope and/or by denaturing envelope and/or capsid proteins.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is effective at cleaning because it has both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts in its molecular structure.
The hydrophilic sulfate end interacts with water, while the hydrophobic hydrocarbon tail binds to oil and grease.
This dual action allows Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) to lift and remove dirt and oils from surfaces.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is commonly found in many personal care and cosmetic products because of its ability to create a foamy lather and effectively remove dirt and oils from the skin and hair.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS)'s used in shampoos to help cleanse the scalp and hair, in body washes and soaps for cleaning the skin, and in toothpaste to produce a creamy texture and help dislodge debris from teeth.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is generally considered safe for use in the concentrations found in most personal care products, as they are typically low and well below levels that could cause harm.

However, some individuals may be more sensitive to it, experiencing skin or mucous membrane irritation.
This has led to the development of Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS)-free and sulfate-free product lines for individuals with sensitivities.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is typically produced through the sulfation of lauryl alcohol, which can be derived from coconut or palm oil.

During the manufacturing process, Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) can be produced in different grades, which can vary in purity and impurities.
Pharmaceutical or cosmetic grades are typically higher in purity compared to industrial grades.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) plays a significant role in cosmetic chemistry, as it is a key ingredient in formulating products that require foaming and cleaning properties.

Cosmetic chemists and product developers often use SLS to achieve the desired texture, cleansing ability, and appearance in their formulations.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) has been the subject of various controversies, often related to its potential to cause skin and eye irritation.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS)'s important to note that not all individuals will react to SLS, and many people use products containing SLS without issues.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) may be listed as "Sodium Lauryl Sulfate" or "Sodium Laureth Sulfate" if ethoxylation is involved (SLES).

Preparation:
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) can be synthesized by reacting dodecyl alcohol with sulfur trioxide gas, followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide.
The preparation of Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) involves the following steps: The reaction takes place in a vertical reactor at 32 °C.
Nitrogen gas is introduced through the gas vents at a flow rate of 85.9 L/min.

Lauryl alcohol is added at a flow rate of 58 g/min at 82.7 kPa.
Liquid sulfur trioxide is fed into the flash evaporator at 124.1 kPa, with a flow rate of 0.9072 kg/h and a flash temperature of 100 °C.

The sulfated product is quickly cooled to 50 °C, aged for 10-20 min, then neutralized with a base in a neutralization kettle controlled at 50 °C.
The pH is adjusted to 7-8.5, and the liquid product is spray dried to obtain a solid product.

Uses:
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is an emulsifier and whipping aid that has a solubility of 1 g in 10 ml of water.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) functions as an emulsifier in egg whites.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used as a whipping aid in marshmallows and angel food cake mix.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) also functions to aid in dissolving fumaric acid.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used etting agent, detergent, especially in the textile industry.

Electrophoretic separation of proteins and lipids. Ingredient of toothpastes.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) has excellent detergency, emulsification and foaming power, can be used as detergents and textile auxiliaries, and is also used as an anionic surfactant, toothpaste foaming agent, mine fire extinguishing agents, foaming agents for fire extinguishers, emulsion polymerization emulsifiers, emulsifying and dispersing agents for medical use, shampoo and other cosmetic products, wool detergent, detergent for silky class fine fabrics and flotation agent for metal beneficiation.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) used as foaming agents; emulsifying agents; and anionic surfactants.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used for cakes, drinks, proteins, fruits, fruit juice, and edible oil, and so on.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used as surfactants, detergents, foaming agents, and wetting agents, and so on.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used as relatively low-level ion-pairing reagents, and is cheaper than sodium heptanesulfonate and sodium pentanesulfonate when less demanding.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used as raw material for modifying materials.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in the textile industry as a wetting agent to aid in the even distribution of dyes and chemicals during the dyeing and finishing processes.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used as an emulsifying agent in various food products.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) helps combine oil and water-based ingredients, ensuring a uniform mixture in products like salad dressings, sauces, and beverages.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) can be used in some pharmaceutical formulations, such as in oral medications, where it helps disperse active ingredients for easier swallowing.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in some adhesive and sealant products to improve the wetting and bonding properties, making them easier to apply and more effective.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) can be found in certain dry chemical fire extinguishers to suppress flammable liquid fires.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in the oil and gas industry as an ingredient in drilling fluids to stabilize the drilling mud and improve the suspension of solids.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in firefighting foams, especially those designed for combating flammable liquid fires.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) helps create a stable foam blanket that extinguishes the fire by separating it from oxygen.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) may be used in food processing for cleaning and sanitizing equipment and food contact surfaces due to its ability to break down grease and organic residues.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used for cleaning and sterilizing medical equipment, such as surgical instruments.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is sometimes used in hair conditioners to improve the texture of the hair and make it easier to comb through after shampooing.
Some adhesive removers and solvents used to remove stickers, labels, and tape residues may contain SLS to help dissolve and lift the adhesive.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used as additives in capillary electrophoresis analysis and is generally used as molar solution.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is also used in other analysis such as flow column analysis.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used as Detergent and textile auxiliaries, as foaming agent for toothpaste, mine fire extinguishing agent, emulsion polymerization emulsifier, wool cleaning agent, etc

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used as anionic surface activator, emulsifier and foaming agent
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) has excellent decontamination, emulsification and foaming power.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) can be used as detergents and textile auxiliaries.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) can also be used as anionic surfactants, toothpaste foaming agents, mine fire extinguishers, and chemicalbook fire extinguishers.
Foaming agent, emulsion polymerization emulsifier and dispersing agent, shampoo and other cosmetic products, wool detergent, detergent for fine silk and wool fabrics.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used as detergent and textile , toothpaste foaming agent, fire-extinguishing foam, emulsion polymerization emulsifier, pharmaceutical emulsifying dispersant, shampoo and other.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) and SLES are used to create a lathering effect, help remove dirt and oil from hair, and distribute the product evenly.
They provide foaming and cleaning properties in shower gels, body washes, and bar soaps.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used to create a foamy texture and help dislodge debris from teeth.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) often found in liquid hand soaps to cleanse hands effectively.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) and SLES create a creamy lather that helps with shaving.
Some facial cleansers use these compounds to remove makeup and cleanse the skin.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) helps to remove grease and food residue from dishes.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used to break down and remove stains from clothing.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is found in various cleaning products, including all-purpose cleaners and bathroom cleaners, to help with the removal of dirt and grime.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in various industrial processes, such as in the textile and paper industries, to assist in the dispersion and removal of contaminants and impurities.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used as a reference standard in research and scientific studies.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is often employed in studies related to surface and interfacial science.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in textile and leather processing to aid in the wetting, emulsification, and removal of impurities.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in the formulation of pesticides and herbicides to enhance the dispersion and adhesion of active ingredients on plant surfaces.
Some pet shampoos and grooming products contain Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) or SLES to help clean and lather pet fur.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in some car cleaning products, including car wash soaps and interior cleaners.
Specialized firefighting foams may contain Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) to help extinguish liquid fuel fires by forming a protective film on the surface of the fuel.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, plant protection products and polymers.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in the following areas: building & construction work and agriculture, forestry and fishing.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is widely used in toothpaste foaming agent, cosmetic emulsifier, shampoo, bath agent and other washing cosmetics surfactant.
Also widely Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) used in pharmaceutical industry, widely used in pharmaceutical manufacturing emulsifier, detergent, dispersant, wetting agent, foaming agent.

As concrete additive, foaming agent and air entraining agent in construction industry.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) can also be used as leveling agent and mineral flotation agent in printing and dyeing industry.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, washing & cleaning products, air care products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, polishes and waxes and polymers.

Release to the environment of Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is widely used in liquid detergent, such as dishware, shampoo, bubble bath and hand cleaner, etc.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) can be used in washing powder and detergent for heavy dirty.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) can be used to replace LAS, so that the general dosage of active matter is reduced.
In textile, printing and dyeing, oil and leather industries, it is used as lubricant, dyeing agent, cleaner, foaming agent and degreasing agent.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is often used in detergents and textile industry.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) belongs to Anionic surfactant.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is Soluble in water, with good anionic and nonionic complex compatibility , good emulsification, foaming, osmosis, decontamination and dispersion properties, are widely used in toothpaste, shampoo,detergent, liquid washing, cosmetics and plastic mold release, lubrication and pharmaceutical, paper making, building materials, chemical industry, etc.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is also used in laboratory and research settings as a standard reference compound due to its well-known properties.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used as a model compound in studies related to surface and interfacial science.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in the following products: polymers, laboratory chemicals, pharmaceuticals and washing & cleaning products.

Release to the environment of Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid and for thermoplastic manufacture.
Other release to the environment of Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is used in a variety of products, including: Grooming products, such as shaving cream, lip balm, hand sanitizer, nail treatments, makeup remover, foundation, facial cleansers, exfoliants, and liquid hand soap.

Safety Profile:
Poison by intravenous and intraperitoneal routes.
Moderately toxic by ingestion.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) a human skin irritant.

An experimental eye and severe skin irritant.
Mutation data reported.
When heated to decomposition Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) emits toxic fumes of SO, and Na2O.

Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is widely used in cosmetics and oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations.
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) is a moderately toxic material with acute toxic effects including irritation to the skin, eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, and stomach.
Repeated, prolonged exposure to dilute solutions may cause drying and cracking of the skin; contact dermatitis may develop.

Prolonged inhalation of Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) will damage the lungs.
Pulmonary sensitization is possible, resulting in hyperactive airway dysfunction and pulmonary allergy.

Animal studies have shown intravenous administration to cause marked toxic effects to the lung, kidney, and liver.
Mutagenic testing in bacterial systems has proved negative.

Synonyms:
Sodium dodecyl sulfate
151-21-3
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Sodium dodecylsulfate
Sodium lauryl sulphate
Sodium dodecyl sulphate
Neutrazyme
Sodium n-dodecyl sulfate
Irium
Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt
Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt
Dodecyl sodium sulfate
Dodecyl sulfate, sodium salt
Anticerumen
Duponal
Duponol
Gardinol
Sodium monododecyl sulfate
Dreft
Aquarex methyl
Duponol methyl
Solsol needles
Stepanol methyl
Duponol waqa
Stepanol wac
Stepanol waq
Duponol qx
Richonol af
Perlandrol L
Perlankrol L
Sipex sb
Sipex sd
Standapol wa-ac
Stepanol me dry
Duponol Me
Richonol A
Richonol C
Sintapon L
Duponol C
Maprofix LK
Standapol WAQ
Stepanol ME
Stepanol WA
Akyposal SDS
Carsonol SLS
Maprobix NEU
Maprofix NEU
Maprofix WAC
Aquarex ME
Dupanol WAQ
Duponol QC
Duponol WA
Duponol WA dry
Duponol WAQ
Empicol LPZ
Hexamol SLS
Melanol CL
Duponal WAQE
Duponol WAQE
Duponol WAQM
Sterling wa paste
Conco sulfate WA
Conco sulfate WN
Nikkol SLS
Orvus WA Paste
Sipex OP
Sipex SP
Sipex UB
Sipon LS
Sipon PD
Sipon WD
Detergent 66
Montopol La Paste
Sipon LSB
Maprofix WAC-LA
Sterling WAQ-CH
Cycloryl 21
Cycloryl 31
Stepanol WA Paste
Conco Sulfate WAG
Conco Sulfate WAN
Conco Sulfate WAS
Quolac EX-UB
Odoripon Al 95
sodiumdodecylsulfate
Avirol 118 conc
Cycloryl 580
Cycloryl 585N
Lauyl sodium sulfate
Maprofix 563
Sinnopon LS 95
Stepanol T 28
Sodium laurilsulfate
Steinapol NLS 90
Empicol LS 30
Empicol LX 28
Lauryl sodium sulfate
Melanol CL 30
NALS
Rewopol NLS 30
Standapol waq special
Standapol was 100
Sinnopon LS 100
Stepanol WA-100
Carsonol SLS Special
Standapol 112 conc
Stepanol ME Dry AW
Avirol 101
Emersal 6400
Monogen Y 100
Carsonol SLS Paste B
sodium;dodecyl sulfate
Stepanol methyl dry aw
Berol 452
Emal 10
EMAL O
Sipon LS 100
n-Dodecyl sulfate sodium
Sodium monolauryl sulfate
Monododecyl sodium sulfate
Sodiumlauryl ether sulfate
Lauryl sulfate sodium salt
Conco sulfate WA-1200
Conco sulfate WA-1245
Dehydag sulfate GL emulsion
MFCD00036175
Emulsifier no. 104
Texapon k 12 p
CHEBI:8984
P and G Emulsifier 104
Sodium lauryl sulfate ether
SLS
Sodium Laurylsulfate
NSC-402488
Texapon K 1296
NCI-C50191
Laurylsulfuric Acid Sodium Salt
Dodecyl alcohol, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt
Dodecylsulfuric Acid Sodium Salt
DTXSID1026031
Sodium lauryl sulfate, synthetic
Finasol osr2
Incronol SLS
Natriumlaurylsulfat
368GB5141J
NCGC00091020-03
E487
Jordanol SL-300
Finasol osr(sub 2)
Dodecyl sulfate sodium
Monagen Y 100
Perklankrol ESD 60
Caswell No. 779
Natrium laurylsulfuricum
12738-53-3
12765-21-8
1334-67-4
Laurylsiran sodny [Czech]
Lauryl sulfate, sodium salt
Dehydrag sulfate gl emulsion
DTXCID906031
Dehydag sulphate GL emulsion
Laurylsiran sodny
Rhodapon UB
Sodium dodecyl sulfate for Electrophoresis, inverted exclamation markY98.5%
Sodium lauryl sulfate 30%
CAS-151-21-3
CCRIS 6272
Lauryl sulfate sodium
HSDB 1315
Sodium lauryl sulfate, dental grade
EINECS 205-788-1
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079011
NSC 402488
CP 75424
Empicol
AI3-00356
UNII-368GB5141J
Sodium lauryl sulfate [JAN:NF]
sodiumlauryl sulfate
sodium dodecylsulphate
Sodium dedecyl sulfate
Sodium-dodecyl-S-SDS
IPC-SDS
sodium n-dodecyl sulphate
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate NF
SDS (20% Solution)
sodium monododecyl sulphate
lauryl sulphate sodium salt
EC 205-788-1
dodecyl sulphate sodium salt
SCHEMBL1102
Sodium lauryl sulfate, SDS
sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)
Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt (1:1)
CHEMBL23393
sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds)
dodecyl sulfuric acid sodium salt
HY-Y0316B
DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Dodecyl sulphuric acid sodium salt
Sodium lauryl sulfate (JP17/NF)
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [II]
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [MI]
BCP30594
CS-B1770
HY-Y0316
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [FCC]
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [JAN]
Tox21_111059
Tox21_201614
Tox21_300149
BDBM50530482
SODIUM LAURILSULFATE [MART.]
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [HSDB]
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [INCI]
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [VANDF]
AKOS015897278
AKOS025147308
Tox21_111059_1
DB00815
Dodecyl sulfuric acid ester sodium salt
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [USP-RS]
SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE [WHO-DD]
NCGC00091020-01
NCGC00091020-02
NCGC00254225-01
NCGC00259163-01
NCGC00274082-01
AS-14730
SODIUM LAURILSULFATE [EP IMPURITY]
SODIUM LAURILSULFATE [EP MONOGRAPH]
CS-0182093
D1403
FT-0603358
FT-0700721
I0352
S0588
D01045
EN300-103513
F16341
S-4600
S-4601
SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE BIOTECH GRD 100G
Q422241
Sodium n-dodecyl sulfate, 98%, for electrophoresis
F0001-0539
Z1365432828
Sodium dodecylsulfate;Sodium lauryl sulphate;Dodecyl sodium sulfate
Dodecyl sodium sulfate, Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt, Lauryl sulfate sodium salt, SDS, Sodium lauryl sulfate

SODIUM LINOLEATE
SODIUM MAGNESIUM FLUOROSILICATE Nom INCI : SODIUM MAGNESIUM FLUOROSILICATE Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent Abrasif : Enlève les matières présentes en surface du corps, aide à nettoyer les dents et améliore la brillance. Agent Absorbant : Absorbe l'eau (ou l'huile) sous forme dissoute ou en fines particules Opacifiant : Réduit la transparence ou la translucidité des cosmétiques Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques
SODIUM MAGNESIUM FLUOROSILICATE
SODIUM MAGNESIUM SILICATE N° CAS : 101659-01-2 Nom INCI : SODIUM MAGNESIUM SILICATE N° EINECS/ELINCS : 258-476-2 Compatible Bio (Référentiel COSMOS) Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent fixant : Permet la cohésion de différents ingrédients cosmétiques Agent de foisonnement : Réduit la densité apparente des cosmétiques Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques