Detergents, Cosmetics, Disinfectants, Pharma Chemicals

Aluminium Sulfate
Alum; Aluminium sulphate; Aluminum Alum; Aluminum sulfate anhydrous; Aluminum trisulfate anhydrous; Cake Alum; Dialuminum sulfate; Sulfuric acid aluminum salt (3:2); Aluminiumsulfat (German); Sulfato de aluminio (Spanish); Sulfate d'aluminium (French); Aluminum sesquisulfate CAS NO:10043-01-3
Aluminum Chloride 28%
ALUMINUM CHLORIDE; Aluminum trichloride; Aluminium chloride; Aluminium trichloride; AlCl3; aluminum(III) chloride; ALUMINUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION CAS NO:7446-70-0
Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate
ALUMINII CHLORIDUM HEXAHYDRICUM; ALUMINIUM(+3)CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE; ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE 6H2O; ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE 6-HYDRATE; ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE HYDRATE; ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE HYDRATED; ALUMINIUM(III) CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE ALUMINUM CHLORIDE; ALUMINUM CHLORIDE, 6-HYDRATE ALUMINUM CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE; ALUMINUM CHLORIDE HYDRATED; ALUMINUM CHLORIDE, HYDROUS; ALUMINUM TRICHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE; HYDROCHLORIC ACID ALUMINUM SALT HEXAHYDRATE; aluminum(iii)chloride,hexahydrate; Aluminumchloride(AlCl3)hexahydrate; chlorured’aluminium,hexahydrate hydrousaluminumchloride; trichloroaluminumhexahydrate CAS NO:7784-13-6
Aluminum Chlorohydrate
SynonymsAPP 201;Aluminum chlorohydra;Aluminum oxychloride;ALUMINIUMCHLORHYDRATE;aluminiumchlorohydrate;ALUMINUM CHLOROHYDRATE;ALUMINIUM POLYCHLORIDE;Aluminum hydroxychloride;Aluminiumhydroxychlorid8;Spray pressurefilter PAC CAS No.1327-41-9
Aluminum Chlorohydrate 50%
Aluminum Chlorohydrate 50% Sol, Chlorohydrol 50% Solution; CHLORHYDROL 50 ;locron S; Aluminum hydrochloride %50; Aluminum Chlorohydrate Solution;Liquid Aluminium Chlorohydrate 50% CAS NO:12042-91-0
Aluminum lactate
Aluminum lactate; Aluminium trilactate; Tris(2-hydroxypropanoato)aluminum; Aluminium lactate; Aluminium lacticum; Aluminum tris(alpha-hydroxypropionate); tris(lactato)aluminium CAS NO:18917-91-4
Aluminum Sesquichlorohydrate 48%
Aluminum chloride hydroxide (Al4Cl3(OH)9);ALUMINIUMION; Aluminum ion; Poly Aluminum Chloride Polyaluminium Chloride CAS NO:173763-15-0
Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate
SYNONYM Aluminum starch octenyl succinate;Starch aluminum octenyl succinate; Starch, hydrogen octenylbutanedioate, aluminum salt; Starch, octenylbutanedioate, aluminum salt Cas : 9087-61-0
Aluminum Sulfate
SYNONYMS Alum; Aluminium sulphate; Aluminum Alum; Aluminum sulfate anhydrous; Aluminum trisulfate anhydrous; Cake Alum; Dialuminum sulfate; Sulfuric acid aluminum salt (3:2); Aluminiumsulfat (German); Sulfato de aluminio (Spanish); Sulfate d'aluminium (French); Aluminum sesquisulfate; Other RN: 10124-29-5, 121739-79-5, 124027-27-6, 139939-73-4, 19239-71-5, 22515-37-3, 66578-72-1, 17927-65-0 CAS NO. 10043-01-3
Aluminum Sulfate (Alum)
N° CAS : 115-70-8, Nom INCI : AMINOETHYL PROPANEDIOL, AMP. Nom chimique : 2-Amino-2-ethylpropanediol, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 204-101-2, Ses fonctions (INCI), Régulateur de pH : Stabilise le pH des cosmétiques. 1,3-Propanediol, 2-amino-2-ethyl- . 2-amino-2-ethylpropanediol; 1,3-Propanediol, 2-amino-2-ethyl-; 2-Amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol; 2-amino-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol; AEPD(TM) 85 2-Amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol; 115-70-8 [RN]; 204-101-2 [EINECS]; 2-Amino-1,3-dihydroxy-2-ethylpropane; 2-Amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propandiol [German] ; 2-Amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol ; 2-Amino-2-éthyl-1,3-propanediol [French] ; 2-AMINO-2-ETHYL-1,3-PROPANEDIOL, TECH. 2-amino-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol; MFCD00004680 [MDL number]; [115-70-8]; [1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butan-2-yl]ammonium; 1,1-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propylamine; 1,3-Propanediol,2-amino-2-ethyl-; 2-amino-2-ethyl-;2-amino-2-ethyl-3-propanediol; 2-Amino-2-Ethyl-1,3-Propanediol (en); 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol 97%; 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 97%; 2-Amino-2-ethyl-propane-1,3-diol; 2-Amino-2-ethylpropanediol; 2-Ethyl-2-aminopropanediol; AEPD; AEPD-85; Aminoethyl propanediol; c5h13no2; EINECS 204-101-2; propane-1,3-diol, 2-amino-2-ethyl-. 2-Amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol is a primary amino alcohol that is multifunctional, which allows for improved properties in many applications. It is marketed in various grades with approximately 3-15 weight % water and different purities. It is a viscous, pale-yellow to light brown liquid with a slight amine odor. AEDP;AEPD;AEPD-85;2-amino-2-ethyl-;Aminoethyl propanediol;2-amino-2-ethylpropanediol;2-Ethyl-2-aminopropanediol;2-amino-2-ethyl-3-propanediol;2-AMINO-2-ETHYL-1,3-PROPANEDIOL;2-ETHYL-2-AMINO-1 3-PROPANEDIOL. Noms français : AMINO-2 ETHYL-2 PROPANE DIOL-1,3 Amino-2 éthyl-2 propane diol-1,3 Noms anglais : 1,3-PROPANEDIOL, 2-AMINO-2-ETHYL- 2-Amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol AEPD AMINOAMYLENE GLYCOL AMINOETHYL PROPANEDIOL Utilisation et sources d'émission Agent émulsifiant
ALUMİNYUM KLORA 6 HİDRAT
SYNONYMS basicaluminumchlorate;chlorhydrol;chlorhydrol,granular;chlorhydrol,impalpable;chlorohydrol;chloropentahydroxydialuminum;dialuminium;dialuminiumchloridepentahydroxide CAS NO:12042-91-0
Amaranthus cruentus
extract of the whole plant of amaranthus caudatus l., amaranthaceae; amaranthus caudatus extract; althaea kragujevacensis extract;althaea micrantha extract; althaea sublobata extract; althaea taurinensis extract; amaranth extract; amaranthus cruentus extract; amaranthus edulis extract; amaranthus leucospermus extract; amaranthus mantegazzianus extract; amaranthus sanguineus extract; extract of the whole plant of amaranthus caudatus l., amaranthaceae; velvet flower extract CAS NO:223747-79-3
AMAZE XT
Dehydroxanthan Gum , product obtained by the dehydration of xanthan gum , Xanthan Gum CAS Number:11138-66-2
AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT
American Ginseng Root Extract reduces the risk of cancer.
American Ginseng Root Extract improves mental performance and well being.


INCI Name: Panax Quinquefolius Root Extract
Botanical Name: Panax quinquefolius
Main Active Components: Ginsenosides (similar to other types of ginseng)



SYNONYMS:
Anchi Ginseng, Baie Rouge, Canadian Ginseng, Ginseng, Ginseng à Cinq Folioles, Ginseng Américain, Ginseng Americano, Ginseng d'Amérique, Ginseng D'Amérique du Nord, Ginseng Canadien, Ginseng de l'Ontario, Ginseng du Wisconsin, Ginseng Occidental, Ginseng Root, North American Ginseng, Occidental Ginseng, Ontario Ginseng, Panax Quinquefolia, Panax Quinquefolium, Panax quinquefolius, Racine de Ginseng, Red Berry, Ren Shen, Sang, Shang, Shi Yang Seng, Wisconsin Ginseng, Xi Yang Shen, Aralia quinquefolia (L.) Decne. & Planch, Ginseng quinquefolium (L.) Alph.Wood, Panax americanus (Raf.) Raf., Panax americanus var. elatus Raf., Panax americanus var. obovatus (Raf.) Raf., Panax cuneatus Raf., Panax quinquefolius var. americanus Raf., Panax quinquefolius var. obovatus Raf, Baie Rouge, Canadian ginseng, Panax quinquefolius, red berry,



American Ginseng Root Extract helps boost the immune system.
American Ginseng Root Extract reduces the risk of cancer.
American Ginseng Root Extract improves mental performance and well being.


American Ginseng Root Extract may be beneficial in the treatment of fatigue, poor memory, diabetes, and viral respiratory infections like colds and flu.
There are many varieties of Ginseng, but the most popular are American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) and Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng).
American and Asian ginseng vary in their concentration of active compounds and effects on the body.


According to some older research, it is believed that American Ginseng Root Extract works as a relaxing agent, whereas the Asian variety has an invigorating effect
The name "ginseng" is used to refer to both American (Panax quinquefolius) and Asian or Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng), which belong to the genus Panax and have a somewhat similar chemical makeup.


Both Asian and American Ginseng Root Extracts contain ginsenosides, which are the substances thought to give ginseng its medicinal properties.
But they contain different types in different amounts.
Siberian ginseng, or Eleuthero (Eleutherococcus senticosus), is an entirely different plant with different effects.


It is distantly related to ginseng, but it does not contain the same active ingredients.
Like Asian ginseng, American Ginseng Root Extract is a light tan, gnarled root that often looks like a human body with stringy shoots for arms and legs.
Native Americans used the root as a stimulant and to treat headaches, fever, indigestion, and infertility.


Ginseng remains one of the most popular herbs in the United States.
Other studies show that American Ginseng Root Extract might have therapeutic potential for inflammatory diseases.
Research on American Ginseng Root Extract has focused on a number of conditions, including the following.


American Ginseng Root Extract (Panax quinquefolis) is an herb that grows mainly in North America.
Wild American Ginseng Root Extract is in such high demand that it has been declared a threatened or endangered species in some states in the United States.
Don't confuse American Ginseng Root Extract with Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus) or Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng).


They have different medicinal effects.
American Ginseng Root Extract is a high-quality extract powder derived from the root of the American Panax Quinquefolium plant.
American Ginseng Root Extract is a very fine, brown concentrate with a bittersweet flavour and aroma, typical of ginseng, and is the highest quality ginseng root.


American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is a species of flowering plant in the ivy family Araliaceae.
American Ginseng is native to eastern North America and introduced in China.
The specific epithet quinquefolius means "five-leaved", which refers to the typical number of leaflets per leaf.


It is one of a group of taxa known as "ginseng".
Europeans first became aware of American ginseng near Montreal in 1716.
It has been wild-harvested and exported to Asia since 1720.


Billions of plants were wild-harvested in the 19th century alone.
To control international trade and prevent global extinction of the species, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service implements a CITES Export Program that authorizes 19 states and one tribe to export American ginseng from the United States.


From 1978 to 2019, the bulk of exports have come from southern Appalachian states, especially Kentucky, West Virginia, and Tennessee.
The conservation status of American ginseng is globally vulnerable.
It is imperiled or critically imperiled in 14 states and provinces.


In Canada, the species is endangered and facing imminent extinction.
As wild populations declined in the late 19th century, American ginseng became a domesticated crop.
It is cultivated primarily in Ontario, Wisconsin, British Columbia, and China.


Canada is the largest producer and exporter of cultivated American ginseng in the world.
It is the state herb of Wisconsin.
American Ginseng Root Extract (Panax quinquefolius) is an herb that grows mainly in North America.


American Ginseng Root Extract's an endangered species in some states due to high demand.
American Ginseng Root Extract is considered an adaptogen.
Adaptogens are a class of substances that are believed to stimulate the body's resistance to physical, environmental, and emotional stressors.


American Ginseng Root Extract also contains chemicals called ginsenosides, which seem to affect insulin levels and lower blood sugar.
People take American Ginseng Root Extract for stress, to boost the immune system, for upper airway infections, diabetes, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these uses.


Don't confuse American Ginseng Root Extract with Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) or Eleuthero (Eleutherococcus senticosus).
These are different plants with different effects.
American Ginseng Root Extract (Panax quinquefolius) is an herb that grows mainly in North America.


American Ginseng Root Extract's an endangered species in some states due to high demand.
American Ginseng Root Extract is considered an adaptogen.
Adaptogens are a class of substances that are believed to stimulate the body's resistance to physical, environmental, and emotional stressors.


American Ginseng Root Extract also contains chemicals called ginsenosides, which seem to affect insulin levels and lower blood sugar.
People take American Ginseng Root Extract for stress, to boost the immune system, for upper airway infections, diabetes, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these uses.


Don't confuse American Ginseng Root Extract with Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) or Eleuthero (Eleutherococcus senticosus).
These are different plants with different effects.
American Ginseng Root Extract (Panax quinquefolius) is a medicinal herb with antioxidant benefits that protect against cell damage and inflammation.


American Ginseng Root Extract (Panax quinquefolium L.) is a source of bioactive phytochemicals with pro-health properties.
Supplements containing American Ginseng Root Extract may improve fatigue, boost memory, and reduce the duration of colds and flu, but more research is needed to confirm its benefits.


American Ginseng Root Extract is considered an adaptogen, which some believe can help the body overcome physical, emotional, and environmental stress.
American Ginseng Root Extract also contains chemicals called ginsenosides, which may help to lower blood sugar.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) uses of American Ginseng Root Extract: One preliminary study suggests that American Ginseng Root Extract, in combination with ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), may help treat ADHD.
People take American Ginseng Root Extract by mouth for stress, to boost the immune system, and as a stimulant.


American Ginseng Root Extract is often used to fight infections such as colds and flu.
There is some evidence that American Ginseng Root Extract might help prevent colds and flu and make symptoms milder when infections do occur.
American Ginseng Root Extract is used for other infections including HIV/AIDS, infections of the intestine (dysentery), and particular infections (Pseudomonas infections) that are common in people with cystic fibrosis.


Some people use American Ginseng Root Extract to improve digestion and for loss of appetite, as well as for vomiting, inflammation of the colon (colitis), and inflammation of the lining of the stomach (gastritis).


American Ginseng Root Extract is also used for low iron in the blood (anemia), diabetes, insulin resistance related to HIV treatments, cancer-related fatigue, high blood pressure, trouble sleeping (insomnia), nerve pain, erectile dysfunction (ED), fever, hangover symptoms, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), blood and bleeding disorders, breast cancer, dizziness, headaches, convulsions, fibromyalgia, "hardening of the arteries" (atherosclerosis), memory loss, rheumatoid arthritis, schizophrenia, improving athletic performance, improving mental performance, as an anti-aging aid, menopausal symptoms, complications during pregnancy or childbirth, and for nervous exhaustion (neurasthenia).


You may also see American Ginseng Root Extract listed as an ingredient in some soft drinks.
Oils and extracts made from American Ginseng Root Extract are used in soaps and cosmetics.
American Ginseng Root Extract is used as a nutritional supplement, in order to support neuro-physical and organ health.


-Immune system enhancement use of American Ginseng Root Extract:
Some scientists believe American Ginseng Root Extract enhances the immune system.
In theory, this improvement in immune function could help the body fight off infection and disease.
Several clinical studies have shown that American Ginseng Root Extract does boost the performance of cells that play a role in immunity.


-Diabetes uses of American Ginseng Root Extract:
Several human studies show that American Ginseng Root Extract lowered blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes.
The effect was seen both on fasting blood sugar and on postprandial (after eating) glucose levels.

One study found that people with type 2 diabetes who took American Ginseng Root Extract before or together with a high-sugar drink experienced less of an increase in blood glucose levels.
Other studies suggest that North American Ginseng Root Extract prevents diabetes-related complications including retinal and cardiac functional changes by reducing stress.


-Cancer uses of American Ginseng Root Extract:
American Ginseng Root Extract has been shown to inhibit tumor growth.
In one laboratory study on colorectal cancer cells, researchers found that American Ginseng Root Extract possessed powerful anti-cancer properties.


-Uses of American Ginseng Root Extract:
Ginseng has been a part of traditional Chinese medicine for over 2,000 years.
In Asia, American Ginseng Root Extract is highly valued for its cooling and sedative medicinal effects (yin), whereas Asian ginseng embodies the warmer aspects of yang.

American Ginseng Root Extract was of minor importance in traditional Native American medicine.
A number of the uses cited in the literature were likely adopted from the Chinese after the export trade from Canada to China began in 1720.
The Iroquois ingested or smoked the roots as a panacea.

The Menominee in northern Wisconsin used American Ginseng Root Extract as a tonic and to increase one's mental capability, while the Penobscot in Maine used it to promote fertility.
The Seminole in Florida used American Ginseng Root Extract for gunshot wounds.

Native peoples from multiple tribes gathered the roots to barter with white traders.
In the late 19th century, the Cherokee sold large quantities of ginseng to traders for fifty cents a pound.
According to James Mooney, a decoction made from its roots was drunk to relieve headaches and cramps.


-Schizophrenia uses of American Ginseng Root Extract:
Early research shows that American Ginseng Root Extract might improve some mental symptoms associated with schizophrenia.
Taking 100 mg of a specific American Ginseng Root Extract called HT1001 (Afexa Life Sciences, Canada) twice daily for 4 weeks improves the patient's ability to hold visual information in the mind short-term. This treatment might also reduce some physical side effects of antipsychotic drugs.
However, American Ginseng Root Extract does not improve other mental symptoms.


-Diabetes uses of American Ginseng Root Extract:
Taking 3 grams of American Ginseng Root Extract by mouth, up to two hours before a meal, can lower blood sugar after a meal in patients with type 2 diabetes.

However, larger doses do not seem to have a greater effect.
Taking 100-200 mg of American Ginseng Root Extract by mouth for 8 weeks might also help lower pre-meal blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Different American Ginseng Root Extract products may have different effects.
Researchers think that is because they contain different amounts of the active chemicals called ginsenosides.


-Respiratory tract infections uses of American Ginseng Root Extract:
Some research suggests that taking a specific American Ginseng Root Extract called CVT-E002 (Cold-FX, Afexa Life Sciences, Canada) 200-400 mg twice daily for 3-6 months during flu season might prevent cold or flu symptoms in adults between the ages of 18 and 65.
People older than 65 seem to need a flu shot at month 2 along with this treatment in order to decrease their risk of getting the flu or colds.

American Ginseng Root Extract also seems to help make symptoms milder and last a shorter length of time when infections do occur.
Some evidence suggests that American Ginseng Root Extract might not reduce the chance of getting the first cold of a season, but it seems to reduce the risk of getting repeat colds in a season.
However, American Ginseng Root Extract might not help prevent cold or flu-like symptoms in patients with weakened immune systems.


-Fatigue uses of American Ginseng Root Extract:
A 2018 review of four studies suggests that American Ginseng Root Extract may help relieve fatigue caused by chronic illnesses ranging from chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) to cancer.
The most significant benefit was seen in people who took 2,000 milligrams (mg) daily for eight weeks.

Similar results were seen in a 2019 review examining the effects of American Ginseng Root Extract on people with cancer-related fatigue.
The benefit was greatest in people undergoing active treatment, like chemotherapy or radiation.
As an added bonus, American Ginseng Root Extract does not interact with commonly prescribed chemotherapy drugs like tamoxifen, doxorubicin, methotrexate, or fluorouracil.


-Memory uses of American Ginseng Root Extract:
Limited evidence suggests that American Ginseng Root Extract may improve cognitive function in some people.
This includes the ability to learn, think, reason, and remember.

A 2015 study reported that healthy adults who received a single 200 mg dose of an American Ginseng Root Extract extract (called Cereboost) had increased working memory, peaking within three hours of the dose.

The findings were limited by the small size of the study (52 adults) and the lack of a control group (meaning a group given a sham placebo).
A 2022 study involving 61 adults showed longer-lasting improvements in working memory after taking 200 mg of Cereboost daily for two weeks.

For this study, a control group was included, but the findings were limited by the fact that the research was funded by the manufacturer, Naturex SA.
An unrelated study published in 2012 reported that an American Ginseng Root Extract extract taken twice daily for four weeks improved the working memory of 32 people with schizophrenia compared to a matched set of adults given a placebo.



HOW DOES AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT WORK?
American Ginseng Root Extract contains chemicals called ginsenosides that seem to affect insulin levels in the body and lower blood sugar.
Other chemicals, called polysaccharides, might affect the immune system.



PLANT DESCRIPTION OF AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
The American ginseng plant has leaves that grow in a circle around a straight stem.
Yellowish-green, umbrella-shaped flowers grow in the center and produce red berries.
Wrinkles around the neck of the root tell how old the plant is.

This is important because American ginseng is not ready for use until it has grown for about 6 years.
American ginseng is endangered in the wild.
So it tends to be expensive.
It is now being grown on farms to protect wild American ginseng from over-harvesting.



WHAT IS AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT MADE OF?
American Ginseng Root Extract products are made from ginseng root and the long, thin offshoots called root hairs.
The main chemical ingredients of American Ginseng Root Extract are ginsenosides and polysaccharide glycans (quinquefolans A, B, and C).
American Ginseng Root Extract seems to be more relaxing than Asian ginseng, which may have stimulating effects.



AVAILABLE FORMS OF AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
American Ginseng Root Extract is available in water, water and alcohol, alcohol liquid extracts, and in powders, capsules, and tablets.
American Ginseng Root Extract is available with other herbs in several combination formulas.

Be sure to read the label carefully so that you are purchasing the type of ginseng that you want.
If you are looking for Asian ginseng, make sure you buy Korean, red, or Panax ginseng.
If you are looking for American Ginseng Root Extract, you should buy Panax quinquefolius.

Eleuthero (Eleutherococcus senticosus), which is sometimes called Siberian ginseng, may also be found in health food stores or pharmacies.
It does not have the same active ingredients as Asian or American Ginseng Root Extract.

Both American Ginseng Root Extract (Panax quinquefolius, L.) and Asian ginseng (P. Ginseng) may boost energy, lower blood sugar, and cholesterol levels, reduce stress, promote relaxation, treat diabetes, and manage sexual dysfunction in men.



IS AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT SAFE?
When taken by mouth: American Ginseng Root Extract is likely safe when used short-term.
Doses of 100-3000 mg daily have been used safely for up to 12 weeks.
Side effects might include headache, but American Ginseng Root Extract's usually well-tolerated.



TYPES OF AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
American Ginseng Root Extract is a distinctive type of ginseng used in traditional Chinese medicine.
American Ginseng Root Extract and Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) are both considered true ginseng in that they contain an organic chemical called ginsenoside.

Even so, American Ginseng Root Extract has a different chemical makeup and "cooler" yin qualities than Asian ginseng.
American Ginseng Root Extract is also less stimulating.
Because of this, American Ginseng Root Extract is widely exported to Asia where it is highly valued for its cooling and sedative effects.

Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus) is not a true ginseng, It is a small, woody shrub with blackberry-like fruit found in northeastern Asia.
While it is also used in traditional Chinese medicine, neither the berries, leaves, stalks, nor roots contain ginsenoside.



BENEFITS OF AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
There are two main types of American Ginseng Root Extract: Asian or Korean Ginseng (Panax Ginseng) and American Ginseng Root Extract (Panax quinquefolius).
Studies show that different types have different benefits.
In traditional Chinese medicine, American Ginseng Root Extract is considered less stimulating than the Asian variety.

Although many other herbs are called American Ginseng Root Extract—like Eleuthero or Siberian Ginseng Root Extract—they don't contain the active ingredient of ginsenosides.

American Ginseng Root Extract has traditionally been used for a number of medical conditions.
But American Ginseng Root Extract's benefits for most of them haven't been seriously researched.
Anecdotally, the root may help you:

*Build immunity.
Some studies show that American Ginseng Root Extract may boost your immune system.
There's some evidence that one particular type of Ginseng might lower the number and severity of colds in adults.

*Regulate blood sugar.
Several studies in people have shown that American Ginseng Root Extract may lower blood sugar levels.

*Improve focus.
There's some early evidence that American Ginseng Root Extract might give a small, short-term boost to concentration and learning.
Some studies of mental performance have combined American Ginseng Root Extract from leaves of the ginkgo tree, another traditional remedy said to help with dementia.
While these studies are intriguing, many experts feel we need more evidence.

*Reduce inflammation.
Some studies suggest that American Ginseng Root Extract may help control inflammatory diseases.



HOW EFFECTIVE IS AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT?
Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely Effective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective, Ineffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate.

The effectiveness ratings for American Ginseng Root Extract are as follows:
Possibly effective for...
Upper airway infection.

Taking a specific American Ginseng Root Extract called CVT-E002 (Cold-FX, Afexa Life Sciences) by mouth during flu season might prevent cold or flu symptoms in some adults.
There is interest in using American Ginseng Root Extract for a number of other purposes, but there isn't enough reliable information to say whether it might be helpful.



CULTURE OF AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
In the local vernacular, American ginseng has been variously known as "cheng", "chang", "sang", or "shang".
Those collecting it have been called "shangers" and hunting for it has been called "hanging".
In Appalachia, the wild-harvesting of American ginseng is called "sang hunting".
Some blue-collar Appalachian families have been hunting sang for generations



PHYTOCHEMISTRY OF AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT
Like Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng), American ginseng contains dammarane-type ginsenosides, or saponins, as the major biologically active constituents.
Dammarane-type ginsenosides include two classifications: 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) and 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (PPT).

American ginseng contains high levels of Rb1, Rd (PPD classification), and Re (PPT classification) ginsenosides—higher than that of P. ginseng in one study.
When taken orally, PPD-type ginsenosides are mostly metabolized by intestinal bacteria (anaerobes) to PPD monoglucoside, 20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol (M1).

In humans, M1 is detected in plasma starting seven hours after intake of PPD-type ginsenosides and in urine starting 12 hours after intake.
These findings indicate M1 is the final metabolite of PPD-type ginsenosides.
M1 is referred to in some articles as IH-901, and in others as compound-K.



TAXONOMY OF AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
Panax quinquefolius was described as Aureliana canadensis by the French ethnologist and naturalist Joseph-François Lafitau in 1718.
As a Jesuit missionary in New France, Lafitau discovered ginseng near Montreal in 1716.

In his search for a specimen, Father Lafitau enlisted the help of the Iroquois by showing them a published botanical illustration of gin-seng, a Chinese name for a plant now known as Panax ginseng.
The Iroquois referred to American ginseng as garent-oguen, which means "resembles man" or "a man's thigh" in Iroquoian language.

Aureliana canadensis was further described by the English naturalist Mark Catesby in 1747.
Catesby published a striking color illustration of a live specimen transplanted from Pennsylvania to the garden of English botanist Peter Collinson in Peckham.

Aureliana canadensis Lafitau ex Catesby is an invalid name since it was published prior to 1 May 1753.
The Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus validly described Panax quinquefolium in 1753, but the name was later corrected to Panax quinquefolius.
Linnaeus placed Aureliana canadensis Lafitau ex Catesby in synonymy with Panax quinquefolius, citing both Lafitau [1718] and Catesby [1747].

Its type specimen, designated in 1991, was reportedly collected by Pehr Kalm near Quebec in 1749.
The specific epithet quinquefolius means "five-leaved", which refers to the typical number of leaflets per leaf.



ETYMOLOGY OF AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
The name ginseng derives from the Chinese herbalism term, jen-shen.
Other Chinese names are huaqishen (simplified Chinese: 花旗参; traditional Chinese: 花旗參; pinyin: huāqíshēn; Cantonese Yale: fākèihsām; lit. 'Flower Flag ginseng') or xiyangshen (simplified Chinese: 西洋参; traditional Chinese: 西洋參; pinyin: xīyángshēn; Cantonese Yale: sāiyèuhngsām; lit. 'west ocean ginseng').
The word "panax" is derived from the Greek 'Panakos' (panacea), in reference to the various benefits attributed to the herb.



DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT OF AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
Panax quinquefolius is native to eastern United States and southeastern Canada.
It is found primarily in the Appalachian and Ozark mountains of the United States where it prefers full shade environments in deciduous hardwood forests.
It is introduced and cultivated in the following Chinese provinces: Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, and Liaoning.



ECOLOGY OF AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
Panax quinquefolius is a summer flowering plant.
In New England, flower buds and leaves emerge simultaneously around the middle of June, with flowers eventually appearing in July.
Fruits mature to a deep red color by early September.

The seeds exhibit a type of dormancy called morphophysiological dormancy, sometimes called "double dormancy", which requires two full winters to completely break dormancy.
Germination finally takes place eighteen months after the fruit initially ripened.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
Physical State: Solid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available
Melting Point/Freezing Point: No data available
Initial Boiling Point and Boiling Range: No data available
Flammability (Solid, Gas): No data available
Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits: No data available
Flash Point: No data available
Autoignition Temperature: No data available
Decomposition Temperature: No data available
pH: No data available

Viscosity:
Viscosity, Kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, Dynamic: No data available
Water Solubility: No data available
Partition Coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor Pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative Density: No data available
Relative Vapor Density: No data available
Particle Characteristics: No data available
Explosive Properties: No data available
Oxidizing Properties: No data available
Other Safety Information: No data available



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
-General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Oxygen if necessary.
Immediately call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
-Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
*Advice for non-emergency personnel:
Ensure adequate ventilation.
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water
system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
required when dusts are generated.
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMERICAN GINSENG ROOT EXTRACT:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available


AMGARD TBEP
AMGARD TBEP is a clear, colorless liquid.
AMGARD TBEP is a phosphine oxide and thus very stable in nature.
AMGARD TBEP is used as a solvent in some resins


CAS NUMBER: 78-51-378-51-3

EC NUMBER: 201-122-9

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C18H39O7P

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 398.5

IUPAC NAME: tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate



AMGARD TBEP has many applications including plasticizing agent in acrylic based polishes, defoamer agent in acrylics, knockdown”defoamer in paint, textile and paper and as a halide free flame retardant in polymer systems.
AMGARD TBEP is tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate-based plasticizer and defoamer.

AMGARD TBEP also acts as a leveling agent for acrylic and styrenic floor polishes and coalescent additive for emulsion polymers.
AMGARD TBEP is a high purity phosphine oxide which found its initial chemistry in defoamer applications such as water dispersants and papermaking.

AMGARD TBEP also has very established chemistry in paint applications as a defoamer.
Furthermore, AMGARD TBEP can act as a plasticizing agent in acrylics bringing benefi ts in levelling and gloss.

AMGARD TBEP can also be employed in polymers as a fl ame retardant and heat resistant additive.
AMGARD TBEP is used as a plasticizer for PVC, chlorinated rubber, and nitriles due to its flame retardant nature and good low temperature flexibility.

AMGARD TBEP is also used for emulsions of floor polishes, as leveling agent in latex paints and waxes, a processing aid for acrylonitrile rubber, and an antiblock agent for cast polyurethanes.
AMGARD TBEP is a light-colored

AMGARD TBEP has high boiling point
AMGARD TBEP is non-flammable

AMGARD TBEP is a viscous liquid.
AMGARD TBEP is generally used as a plasticizer in rubber and plastics, and aids in floor polish formation (as well as in other surface coatings), leveling and improves gloss.

AMGARD TBEP is an organophosphate
AMGARD TBEP can be used in the preparation of flame retardant, such as viscose fiber.

AMGARD TBEP is used mainly as a component in floor polishes
AMGARD TBEP is used as a viscosity modifier in plastisols

AMGARD TBEP is used as an antifoam
AMGARD TBEP is also used as a plasticizer in synthetic rubber, plastics and lacquers.

AMGARD TBEP is widely used as a plasticizer in rubber stoppers for vacutainer tubes and plastic ware
AMGARD TBEP is widely used in household materials such as plasticizer, floor polish and flame retardant in plastic resins and synthetic rubbers.

AMGARD TBEP-based is a plasticizer and defoamer.
AMGARD TBEP also acts as a leveling agent for acrylic and styrenic floor polishes and coalescent additive for emulsion polymers.

AMGARD TBEP is used as a plasticizer for polymer dispersions and also improves wetting-levelling properties of dry-bright emulsions.
AMGARD TBEP is a phosphate ester used as plasticizer for polymer dispersions.

AMGARD TBEP is used as a halogen free flame retardant additive in polymer systems.
AMGARD TBEP can be used also in conjunction with other flame retardants.

AMGARD TBEP is slightly yellow, oily liquid.
AMGARD TBEP is insoluble or limited solubility in glycerol, glycols, and certain amines

AMGARD TBEP is soluble in most organic liquids.
AMGARD TBEP is combustible.

AMGARD TBEP is a trialkyl phosphate in which the alkyl group specified is 2-butoxyethyl.
AMGARD TBEP has a role as an environmental contaminant and a flame retardant.

AMGARD TBEP is a phosphate ester flame retardant
AMGARD TBEP is used in floor polishes and as a plasticizer in rubber and plastics.

AMGARD TBEP is more soluble in non-polar than in polar solvents.
AMGARD TBEP is produced by reacting phosphorus oxychloride and butoxyethanol (butyl glycol) and stripping hydrochloric acid and excess of butoxyethanol.

AMGARD TBEP is a trialkyl phosphate in which the alkyl group specified is 2-butoxyethyl.
AMGARD TBEP has a role as an environmental contaminant and a flame retardant.
AMGARD TBEP is a slightly yellow viscous liquid.

AMGARD TBEP is used in the following products:
-washing & cleaning products
-polishes and waxes
-plant protection products
-water treatment chemicals

AMGARD TBEP is used in the following products:
-plant protection products
-hydraulic fluids
-lubricants and greases
-metal working fluids
-washing & cleaning products and polishes and waxes

AMGARD TBEP has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
AMGARD TBEP is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.

AMGARD TBEP is used for the manufacture of:
AMGARD TBEP is used in polymers and textile treatment products

AMGARD TBEP is used in dyes.
AMGARD TBEP is an organic flame retardant


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 398.5

-XLogP3-AA: 2.8

-Exact Mass: 398.24334058

-Monoisotopic Mass: 398.24334058

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 72.4 Ų

-Physical Description: Slightly yellow liquid with a sweetish odor

-Color: Slightly yellow

-Form: oily liquid

-Odor: Butyl-like

-Boiling Point: 255 °C

-Melting Point: -70 °C

-Flash Point: >113 °C

-Solubility: 1,100 mg/L

-Density: 1.02 g/cu cm

-Vapor Density: 13.8

-Vapor Pressure: 0.03 mmHg

-Refractive Index: 1.434


AMGARD TBEP is a phosphate ester that, thanks to its structure, can be used in many applications including plasticisation, solvation, flame retardancy and defoaming.
AMGARD TBEP is in fact a multifunctional additive that may be used to modify the properties of many polymer systems and is a particularly good levelling aid and coalescent additive for emulsion polymers.

AMGARD TBEP is used in a mixed solvent/aqueous system as a defoamer during production and as a secondary plasticiser in many polymers.
The above properties in combination with inherent flame retardancy makes AMGARD TBEP a real multifunctional additive essential to many polymer formulations.


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 7

-Rotatable Bond Count: 21

-Heavy Atom Count: 26

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 281

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

-Chemical Classes: Other Classes -> Organophosphates, Other



AMGARD TBEP is a phosphate ester
AMGARD TBEP can be used in many applications including plasticisation, solvation, flame retardancy and defoaming.

AMGARD TBEP is in fact a multifunctional additive
AMGARD TBEP can be used to modify the properties of many polymer systems

AMGARD TBEP is a particularly good levelling aid and coalescent additive for emulsion polymers.
AMGARD TBEP is used in a mixed solvent/aqueous system as a defoamer during production and as a secondary plasticiser in many polymers.

APPLICATIONS:

*in acrylic based polishes where its coalescent and plasticising properties will improve levelling and gloss, enabling a "dry bright" finish to be obtained.
AMGARD TBEP will also reduce surface defects such as streaking, crazing, and powdering.
AMGARD TBEP is used also in acrylic gloss paint formulations as a coalescent and defoamer.

*AMGARD TBEP also helps to improve pigment wetting and rheological properties with a minimal effect on reflectance Tributoxy ethyl phosphate (TBEP) is a highly effective "knockdown" defoamer used extensively in paint, textile and paper industries.

*AMGARD TBEP is also used as a halogen free flame retardant additive in polymer systems.
AMGARD TBEP can be used also in conjunction with other flame retardants.

AMGARD TBEP also acts as a leveling agent for acrylic and styrenic floor polishes and coalescent additive for emulsion polymers.
AMGARD TBEP is used as a plasticizer for PVC
AMGARD TBEP is also used for emulsions of floor polishes, as leveling agent in latex paints and waxes, a processing aid for acrylonitrile rubber, and an antiblock agent for cast polyurethanes.

AMGARD TBEP is a light-colored
AMGARD TBEP has high boiling point

AMGARD TBEP is non-flammable
AMGARD TBEP is a viscous liquid.

AMGARD TBEP is an organophosphate
AMGARD TBEP is used as an antifoam
AMGARD TBEP is also used as a plasticizer in synthetic rubber, plastics and lacquers.

AMGARD TBEP is widely used in household materials such as plasticizer, floor polish and flame retardant in plastic resins and synthetic rubbers.
AMGARD TBEP is used as a plasticizer for polymer dispersions and also improves wetting-levelling properties of dry-bright emulsions.

AMGARD TBEP is a phosphate ester used as plasticizer for polymer dispersions.
AMGARD TBEP is used as a halogen free flame retardant additive in polymer systems.

AMGARD TBEP is soluble in most organic liquids.
AMGARD TBEP is used in floor polishes and as a plasticizer in rubber and plastics.

AMGARD TBEP is a slightly yellow viscous liquid.
AMGARD TBEP is used in polymers and textile treatment products
AMGARD TBEP is used in dyes.


SYNONYMS:

2-Butoxyethanol, phosphate
Ethanol, 2-butoxy-, phosphate (3:1)
Phosphoric acid, tributoxyethyl ester
2-Butoxyethanol phosphate
Tri(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tributoxyethyl phosphate
Tributyl cellosolve phosphate
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
Other names: KP 140
Phosphoric acid, tributoxyethyl ester
Tri(butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tri(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tributyl cellosolve phosphate
Tris(butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
TBEP
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester
2-Butoxyethanol phosphate
Kronitex KP-140
Phosflex T-bep
Tri(2-butoxyethanol)phosphate
Tris-(2-butoxyethyl)fosfat
2-Butoxy-ethanol phosphate (3:1)
Amgard TBEP
Tris(2-butoxyethyl)ester phosphoric acid
Phosphoric acid, tri-(2-butoxyethyl) ester
Ethanol, 2-butoxy-, 1,1',1''-phosphate
NSC 4839
31227-66-4
19040-50-7
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) Phosphate
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tris(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate
tri(2-butoxyethanol)phosphate
tri(2-butylethylether) phosphate
tributoxyethyl phosphate
tributyl cellosolve phosphate
tris(2-n-butoxyethyl)phosphate
tris(butylglycol) phosphate
Phosphate de tris(2-butoxyéthyle)
phosphoric acid tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester
Phosphoric acid, tri(butoxyethyl) ester
Phosphoric acid, tributoxyethyl ester
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tris-(2-butoxyethyl)fosfat
Tris(2-butoxyethyl)phosphat
tris(2-n-butoxyethyl) phosphate
1716010 [Beilstein]
2-butoxyethanol phosphate
2-Butoxy-ethanol phosphate (3:1)
2-BUTOXYETHANOL PHOSPHATE (3:1)
2-Butoxyethanol, phosphate
4O2OPO&O2O4&O2O4 [WLN]
Amgard TBEP
EINECS 201-122-9
Ethanol, 2-butoxy-, 1,1',1''-phosphate
ETHANOL, 2-BUTOXY-, PHOSPHATE (3:1)
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:35038
Kronitex KP-140
NCGC00091600-02
Phosflex T-be
Phosflex T-bep
phosphoric acid tris-(2-butoxyethyl) ester
Phosphoric acid tris(2-n-butoxyethyl) ester
Phosphoric acid, tri-(2-butoxyethyl) ester
pTri(2-butoxyethanol) phosphate
TBEP
Tri(2-butoxyethanol) phosphate
Tri(2-butoxyethanol)phosphate
TRI(2-BUTOXYETHYL) PHOSPHATE
TRI-(2-BUTOXYETHYL)-PHOSPHATE
Tri-(2-Butoxyethyl)phosphate (en)
Tri(butoxyethyl) phosphate
TRI-2-BUTOXYETHYL PHOSPHATE
Tributoxy Ethyl Phosphate
Tri-butoxyethyl phosphate
TRIBUTOXYETHYL PHOSPHATE
Tributyl cellosolve phosphate
Tris(2-butoxyethyl)ester phosphoric acid
Tris-(2-butoxyethyl)fosfat
tris(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate
Tris-(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate
Tris(2-butyloxyethyl)phosphate
Tris(butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tris(butoxyethyl)phosphate
tris[2-(butyloxy)ethyl] phosphate
Tris-2-butoxyethyl phosphate
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
78-51-3
TBEP
TRI(2-BUTOXYETHYL) PHOSPHATE
Tributoxyethyl phosphate
Phosflex T-bep
Tris(butoxyethyl) phosphate
Ethanol, 2-butoxy-, phosphate (3:1)
Tri(butoxyethyl) phosphate
Kronitex KP-140
Tributyl cellosolve phosphate
KP 140
Phosphoric acid, tributoxyethyl ester
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester
Tri(2-butoxyethanol)phosphate
2-Butoxyethanol, phosphate
NSC 4839
Tris-(2-butoxyethyl)fosfat
UNII-RYA6940G86
CCRIS 5942
Tri(2-butoxyethanol) phosphate
HSDB 2564
2-Butoxyethanol phosphate (3:1)
Ethanol, 2-butoxy-, 1,1',1''-phosphate
tributoxy ethyl phosphate
2-Butoxyethanol phosphate
EINECS 201-122-9
Tris(butoxyethyl)phosphate
Tris-(2-butoxyethyl)fosfat
tris[2-(butyloxy)ethyl] phosphate
TBEP;KP 140;Hostaphat B 310
Phosphoric acid, tri-(2-butoxyethyl) ester
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate, 95%
CAS-78-51-3
Phosphoric acid, tri(butoxyethyl) ester
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate,C18H39O7P,78-51-3
tris-2-butoxyethyl phosphate
C18H39O7P
Phosphoric Acid Tris(2-butoxyethyl) Ester
EC 201-122-9
tris-(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate
2-Butoxy-ethanol phosphate (3:1)
Phosphoric acid tris(2-butoxyethyl)
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate, 94%
TRI-(2-BUTOXYETHYL)-PHOSPHATE
Tris(2-butoxyethyl)ester phosphoric acid
Phosphoric acid tris(2-n-butoxyethyl)ester
Phosphoric acid tris(2-n-butoxyethyl) ester
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
2-Butoxyethanol phosphate
2-Butoxy-ethanol phosphate (3:1)
Phosphoric acid, tri-(2-butoxyethyl) ester
Phosphoric Acid, tributoxyethyl ester
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester
TBEP
Tri(2-butoxyethanol)phosphate
Tri(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tri(butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tributyl cellosolve phosphate
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tris(2-butoxyethyl)ester phosphoric acid
Tris-(2-butoxyethyl)fosfat
Tris(butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tris2-butoxyethyl
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
78-51-3
TRI(2-BUTOXYETHYL) PHOSPHATE
Tributoxyethyl phosphate
TBEP
Phosflex T-bep
Tris(butoxyethyl) phosphate
tris(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate
KP 140
Kronitex KP-140
Tributyl cellosolve phosphate
Ethanol, 2-butoxy-, phosphate (3:1)
Tri(butoxyethyl) phosphate
Phosphoric acid, tributoxyethyl ester
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester
Tri(2-butoxyethanol)phosphate
Tris-(2-butoxyethyl)fosfat
tributoxy ethyl phosphate
2-Butoxyethanol phosphate
Tris(butoxyethyl)phosphate
Phosphoric Acid Tris(2-butoxyethyl) Ester
Ethanol, 2-butoxy-, 1,1',1''-phosphate
tris[2-(butyloxy)ethyl] phosphate
Phosphoric acid, tri-(2-butoxyethyl) ester
2-Butoxyethanol, phosphate
CAS-78-51-3
Phosphoric acid, tri(butoxyethyl) ester
Tri(2-butoxyethanol) phosphate
2-Butoxyethanol phosphate (3:1)
EINECS 201-122-9
Tris-(2-butoxyethyl)fosfat [Czech]
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate,C18H39O7P,78-51-3
tris-2-butoxyethyl phosphate
Tri-(2-Butoxyethyl)phosphate
tris-(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate
2-Butoxy-ethanol phosphate (3:1)
Phosphoric acid tris(2-butoxyethyl)
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate, 94%
Tris(2-butoxyethyl)ester phosphoric acid
Phosphoric acid tris(2-n-butoxyethyl)ester
Phosphoric acid tris(2-n-butoxyethyl) ester
TRI(2-BUTOXYETHYL) PHOSPHATE

AMGARD TBEP
Amgard TBEP is a clear, colorless liquid.
Amgard TBEP is a phosphine oxide and thus very stable in nature.
Amgard TBEP has many applications including plasticizing agent in acrylic based polishes, defoamer agent in acrylics, “knockdown” defoamer in paint, textile and paper and as a halide free flame retardant in polymer systems.

CAS Number: 78-51-3
EC Number: 201-122-9



APPLICATIONS


Amgard TBEP has several applications in various industries, including:


Plasticizing agent:

Amgard TBEP is commonly used as a plasticizing agent in acrylic-based polishes, lacquers, and coatings.


Defoamer agent:

Amgard TBEP is used as a defoamer agent in acrylics and as a "knockdown" defoamer in paints, textiles, and paper products.


Flame retardant:

Amgard TBEP is used as a halide-free flame retardant in polymer systems such as polyurethane foams, PVC, and other plastics.


Adhesive applications:

Amgard TBEP is used as an additive in adhesive formulations to improve performance and stability.


Lubricant applications:

Amgard TBEP can be used as a lubricant in metalworking fluids and hydraulic fluids.


Overall, Amgard TBEP has many industrial applications due to its stability, low toxicity, and flame retardant properties.


Amgard TBEP is commonly used as a plasticizer in PVC to make it more flexible.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a flame retardant in adhesives to improve safety.
Amgard TBEP is often used as a processing aid for engineering thermoplastics to improve their melt flow properties.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a viscosity modifier in polyurethane systems.
Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in thermosetting resins such as phenolics and epoxy resins.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a mold release agent in polyurethane foam production.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in flexible polyurethane foams.

Amgard TBEP is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of rigid polyurethane foam to improve cell structure.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a stabilizer in water-based latex paints.
Amgard TBEP is used as a plasticizer in vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers to improve flexibility.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a processing aid in extrusion and injection molding of thermoplastics.
Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in textile coatings to improve fire resistance.

Amgard TBEP is used as a plasticizer in nitrocellulose lacquers to improve flexibility and adhesion.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a coalescing agent in latex coatings to improve film formation.
Amgard TBEP is used as a plasticizer in synthetic rubber to improve elasticity.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a flame retardant in unsaturated polyester resins to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP is used as a defoamer in oil-based drilling fluids to reduce foam.

Amgard TBEP is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polycarbonate resins to improve melt flow.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a lubricant in metalworking fluids to improve performance.

Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in electrical cable insulation to improve safety.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in flexible PVC foam to improve softness and resilience.
Amgard TBEP is used as a defoamer in paper coatings to reduce foam.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polyether polyols to improve reactivity.
Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in unsaturated polyester gelcoats to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in vinylidene chloride copolymers to improve flexibility and gas barrier properties.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a flame retardant in polyurethane adhesives to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of thermoplastic elastomers to improve melt flow and dispersion of fillers.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) to improve impact resistance and flexibility.
Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in polyolefin film to improve fire resistance.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a defoamer in metalworking fluids to reduce foam.
Amgard TBEP is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polyethylene to improve melt flow and dispersion of pigments.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl butyral (PVB) to improve flexibility and adhesion.

Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in thermoplastic polyester to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polystyrene to improve melt flow and dispersion of additives.

Amgard TBEP is used as a plasticizer in cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) to improve flexibility and toughness.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a flame retardant in rigid polyurethane foam to improve fire resistance.

Amgard TBEP is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polypropylene to improve melt flow and dispersion of fillers.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in polyester resins to improve flexibility and toughness.

Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate (ASA) to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a defoamer in food processing to reduce foam.
Amgard TBEP is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of nylon to improve melt flow and dispersion of additives.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in butadiene rubber to improve elasticity.
Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to improve fire resistance.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to improve melt flow and dispersion of additives.
Amgard TBEP is used as a plasticizer in epoxy resins to improve flexibility and toughness.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a flame retardant in thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) to improve melt flow and dispersion of fillers.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl acetate (PVA) to improve flexibility and adhesion.
Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to improve melt flow and dispersion of additives.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a flame retardant in epoxy adhesives to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polycarbonate to improve melt flow and dispersion of additives.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in polyurethane coatings to improve flexibility and impact resistance.
Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film to improve fire resistance.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a defoamer in paints and coatings to reduce foam.
Amgard TBEP is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to improve melt flow and dispersion of fillers.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) to improve flexibility and adhesion.

Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (PC/ABS) to improve melt flow and dispersion of fillers.

Amgard TBEP is used as a plasticizer in polyethylene to improve flexibility and impact resistance.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a flame retardant in polyphenylene oxide (PPO) to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) to improve melt flow and dispersion of pigments.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastisols to improve flexibility and adhesion.
Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a defoamer in industrial cleaning agents to reduce foam.

Amgard TBEP is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) to improve melt flow and dispersion of additives.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl acetate (PVA) emulsions to improve flexibility and adhesion.

Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polystyrene foam to improve melt flow and dispersion of blowing agents.

Amgard TBEP is used as a plasticizer in nitrocellulose lacquers to improve flexibility and adhesion.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a flame retardant in polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-styrene (PC/ABS) to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of polyamide to improve melt flow and dispersion of fillers.

Amgard TBEP can be used as a plasticizer in chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) to improve flexibility and impact resistance.
Amgard TBEP is used as a flame retardant in high impact polystyrene (HIPS) to improve fire resistance.
Amgard TBEP can be used as a defoamer in water treatment chemicals to reduce foam.



DESCRIPTION


Amgard TBEP is a clear, colorless liquid.
Amgard TBEP is a phosphine oxide and thus very stable in nature.
Amgard TBEP has many applications including plasticizing agent in acrylic based polishes, defoamer agent in acrylics, “knockdown” defoamer in paint, textile and paper and as a halide free flame retardant in polymer systems.

Amgard TBEP is tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate-based plasticizer and defoamer.
Amgard TBEP also acts as a leveling agent for acrylic and styrenic floor polishes and coalescent additive for emulsion polymers.

Amgard TBEP is a phosphine oxide compound with the chemical name tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate.
Amgard TBEP is a clear, colorless liquid that is highly stable due to its phosphine oxide structure.

Amgard TBEP has several applications in the chemical industry.
Amgard TBEP is commonly used as a plasticizing agent in acrylic-based polishes and as a defoamer agent in acrylics.

Amgard TBEP can also be used as a "knockdown" defoamer in paints, textiles, and paper products. Additionally, Amgard TBEP is used as a halide-free flame retardant in polymer systems.
It's worth noting that while Amgard TBEP is generally considered safe for its intended applications, it is important to handle it with care and follow proper safety protocols, as with any chemical.

Amgard TBEP is a clear, colorless liquid.
Amgard TBEP has a mild odor.

The chemical formula for Amgard TBEP is C18H39O4P.
Amgard TBEP has a molecular weight of 358.47 g/mol.

Amgard TBEP is soluble in many organic solvents.
Amgard TBEP is stable under normal conditions of use and storage.
The flashpoint of Amgard TBEP is 232 °C (450 °F).

Amgard TBEP has a boiling point of approximately 370 °C (698 °F).
Amgard TBEP is primarily used as a plasticizer and flame retardant.

Amgard TBEP is compatible with a wide range of polymers, including PVC, polyurethane, and acrylics.
Amgard TBEP is commonly used in the production of coatings, adhesives, and sealants.
Amgard TBEP is also used in the manufacture of textiles, leather, and paper products.

Amgard TBEP is a non-halogenated flame retardant, making it an environmentally friendly alternative to other flame retardants.
Amgard TBEP is not classified as a hazardous substance by major regulatory agencies.
Amgard TBEP is considered to be relatively low in toxicity and is not expected to pose a significant risk to human health or the environment.

Amgard TBEP has a low vapor pressure, reducing the risk of inhalation exposure.
Amgard TBEP is recommended to use protective equipment when handling Amgard TBEP, including gloves, safety glasses, and protective clothing.

Amgard TBEP should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from sources of ignition and incompatible materials.
Proper ventilation should be provided in areas where Amgard TBEP is used or stored.

Amgard TBEP should be handled and disposed of in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.
The chemical should not be released to the environment, including soil, water, or air.
Amgard TBEP should be kept out of reach of children and pets.



PROPERTIES


Physical properties:

Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Molecular weight: 310.35 g/mol
Density: 1.16 g/cm3 at 20°C
Melting point: -65°C
Boiling point: 292°C
Flash point: 185°C (closed cup)
Vapor pressure: 0.001 mmHg at 20°C
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents such as acetone, benzene, and toluene


Chemical properties:

Chemical formula: C18H39O4P
Structure: Phosphine oxide
Hydrolysis: Stable to hydrolysis under acidic or alkaline conditions
Oxidation: Stable to oxidation
pH stability: Stable over a wide pH range


Other properties:

Viscosity: Low viscosity
Flammability: Non-flammable
Toxicity: Low acute toxicity; non-carcinogenic
Environmental persistence: Low persistence in the environment; not expected to bioaccumulate



FIRST AID


The first aid measures that should be taken in case of exposure to Amgard TBEP are as follows:

In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and wash affected areas thoroughly with soap and water.

In case of eye contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the upper and lower eyelids occasionally.
Seek medical attention if irritation or symptoms persist.

If Amgard TBEP is ingested, do not induce vomiting, but rinse mouth with water and seek medical attention immediately.

If the substance is inhaled, move the person to fresh air and seek medical attention if symptoms such as difficulty breathing or irritation of the respiratory tract persist.

If someone has been exposed to a large amount of Amgard TBEP or if symptoms develop, seek medical attention immediately.


It is important to always handle Amgard TBEP with caution and to wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and a respirator when working with the substance.
Store the substance in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat and sources of ignition.
Follow all safety precautions and guidelines when using Amgard TBEP, and always read the product label and safety data sheet (SDS) before use.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Here are some handling and storage information for Amgard TBEP:


Handling:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and a respirator when handling Amgard TBEP.
Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. In case of contact, wash affected areas thoroughly with soap and water.
Use in a well-ventilated area and avoid breathing in vapors or mist.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Amgard TBEP.
Avoid prolonged or repeated exposure to the substance.
Follow all safety precautions and guidelines when using Amgard TBEP, and always read the product label and safety data sheet (SDS) before use.


Storage:

Store Amgard TBEP in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat and sources of ignition.
Keep the container tightly closed and upright to prevent spills or leaks.
Store away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers, acids, and bases.
Keep out of reach of children and unauthorized personnel.

Follow all local, state, and federal regulations for storage and disposal of the substance.
These are some general guidelines for handling and storage of Amgard TBEP. It is important to always consult the product label and SDS for specific instructions and recommendations.



SYNONYMS


Tri(butoxyethyl) phosphate
TBEP
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
Triethyl phosphonoacetate
Phosphonic acid, (2-butoxyethyl)-, triethyl ester
Tris(butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tris-(2-butoxyethyl)-phosphate
Phosphonic acid, (2-butoxyethyl)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphoric acid
Tri(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate
Tris-(2-butoxyethyl)-phosphat
Tri-(2-butoxyethyl)-phosphate
Tris(butoxyethoxy)phosphine oxide
Tris(2-butoxyethoxy)phosphate
Triethylene glycol dibutoxyethyl phosphate
Tris(2-butoxyethoxy) phosphoric acid
Tri(butoxyethoxy) phosphoric acid
Phosphonic acid, (2-butoxyethoxy)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethoxy)-, triester with 2-ethyl-1-hexanol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphine oxide
Tris(2-butoxyethoxy) phosphate
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphate
Tris[2-(butoxyethoxy)ethyl]phosphate
Tris(2-butoxyethoxy)-phosphate
Tris(2-butoxyethoxy)phosphonic acid
Phosphoric acid, (2-butoxyethoxy)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester
Tris[2-(butoxyethoxy)ethyl] phosphate
Phosphonic acid, (2-butoxyethoxy)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester, ammonium salt
Tris(2-butoxyethoxy) phosphoric acid ester with neopentyl glycol
Phosphoric acid, (2-butoxyethoxy)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester, reaction products with 1-octadecanol
Tris[2-(butoxyethoxy)ethyl] phosphoric acid
Phosphoric acid, (2-butoxyethoxy)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester, ammonium salt (1:1)
Tris(2-butoxyethoxy) phosphoric acid ester with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Phosphoric acid, (2-butoxyethoxy)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester, reaction products with 1-hexadecanol
Tris(2-butoxyethoxy)phosphate ammonium salt
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphoric acid
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethoxy)-, reaction products with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol and 1-octadecanol
Tris[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl]phosphate
Phosphonic acid, (2-butoxyethoxy)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester, reaction products with 1-hexadecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethoxy)-, reaction products with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Tris[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl] phosphate
Phosphoric acid, (2-butoxyethoxy)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester, reaction products with 1-dodecanol
Tris[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl] phosphoric acid
Phosphonic acid, (2-butoxyethoxy)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester, reaction products with 1-octadecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Tris[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl] phosphate, ammonium salt
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethoxy)-, reaction products with 1-hexadecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Tris(2-butoxyethoxy)phosphate, reaction products with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol and 1-hexadecanol
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethoxy)-, reaction products with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol and 1-dodecanol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphate, ammonium salt
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphoric acid, ammonium salt
Tris[2-(butoxyethoxy)ethyl] phosphonic acid
Tris[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl] phosphonic acid
Tris[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl] phosphate, ammonium salt
Phosphoric acid, (2-butoxyethoxy)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester, reaction products with 1-octadecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethoxy)-, reaction products with 1-octadecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphonic acid
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphate, ammonium salt (1:1)
Tris[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl] phosphate, ammonium salt (1:1)
Tris[2-(butoxyethoxy)ethyl]phosphate, reaction products with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol and 1-octadecanol
Tris[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl] phosphate, reaction products with 1-hexadecanol
Tris(2-butoxyethoxy)phosphate, reaction products
Phosphoric acid, (2-butoxyethoxy)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester, reaction products with 1-hexadecanol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphate, reaction products with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol and 1-octadecanol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphoric acid, reaction products with 1-hexadecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethoxy)-, reaction products with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol and 1-tetradecanol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphate, reaction products with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol and 1-dodecanol
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethoxy)-, reaction products with 1-dodecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphate, reaction products with 1-hexadecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphate, reaction products with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol and 1-tetradecanol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphate, reaction products with 1-dodecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphoric acid, reaction products with 1-octadecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Phosphoric acid, (2-butoxyethoxy)-, tris(2-butoxyethyl) ester, reaction products with 1-tetradecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Tris[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl] phosphate, reaction products with 1-hexadecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-butoxyethoxy)-, reaction products with 1-hexadecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphoric acid, reaction products with 1-dodecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphate, reaction products with 1-tetradecanol and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol
Tris[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl] phosphate, reaction products with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol and 1-octadecanol
Tris[butoxyethoxy-(2)]phosphate, reaction products with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol and 1-hexadecanol
AMIDE WAX
Amide wax is an excellent lubricant for sintering.
Amide wax is in a non-ionic aqueous dispersion.
Amide wax is an easy-to-use liquid that is suitable for use in auto dosage units.


CAS number: -
EC / List number: 937-094-6


Amide wax is made of advanced unique powder forming process.
Amide wax is obtained when fatty acids react with amines and diamines.
Amide wax is brittle and hard with a low penetration.


Amide wax is known to possess good antisettling and migration characteristics.
When added to paint formulations Amide wax does reduce gloss but impart a satin texture to the coating.
Some of Amide wax's limitations include tendency to thicken solvent borne coatings and causing yellowing in light colored thermoset coatings.


Amide wax is white, light yellow powder or particles.
Amide wax is yellowish, hard waxes made from ethylene bis-stearamide.
Amide wax is recommended for solvent and water based coatings and inks.


Amide wax has also excellent degassing properties in powder coatings.
Amide Wax Market size is projected to reach Multimillion USD by 2029, In comparison to 2022, at unexpected CAGR during 2022-2029.
Despite the presence of intense competition, due to the global recovery trend is clear, investors are still optimistic about this area, and Amide wax will still be more new investments entering the field in the future.


Technological innovation and advancement will further optimize the performance of the product, making Amide wax more widely used in downstream applications.
Moreover, Consumer behavior analysis and market dynamics (drivers, restraints, opportunities) provides crucial information for knowing the Amide Wax market.
The Global Amide Wax market is anticipated to rise at a considerable rate during the forecast period, between 2022 and 2030.


In 2021, the market of Amide wax is growing at a steady rate and with the rising adoption of strategies by key players, the market is expected to rise over the projected horizon.
North America, especially The United States, will still play an important role which cannot be ignored.


Any changes from United States might affect the development trend of Amide Wax.
The market in North America is expected to grow considerably during the forecast period.
The high adoption of advanced technology and the presence of large players in this region are likely to create ample growth opportunities for the market.


Europe also play important roles in global market, with a magnificent growth in CAGR During the Forecast period 2022-2029.
The Amide Wax market is expected to grow annually by magnificent.
Amide wax is an ecofriendly version of rheological additive which is the newest enhancement of amide wax.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMIDE WAX:
Amide wax is used as a lubricant in the printing inks and coatings industry.
In the plastics industry and powder metallurgy, Amide wax is used as lubricants or processing aids.
Other applications of Amide wax include rubber, adhesives and sealants, cosmetics, leather and textiles, paper and packaging as well as road construction.


Amide wax is based rheology modifiers for paint system, it can also be used in Ink, Coatings, PU sealants etc. excellent thixotropy in various kinds of coating systems.
Amide wax can provide good thickening, anti-settling and anti-sagging effect.
Amide wax has good thixotropy, suitable for various kinds of solvent coating systems.


Especially in marine paint and anti-corrosive paint, Amide wax can form a mesh structure with the effect of anti-settling and anti-sagging.
Amide wax can improve the grindability when used in NC Nitroncellulose and acid cured resin those paint systems.
When used in powder coating, Amide wax can increase its charging state.


In some porous surfaces like iron casting, Amide wax acts as degassing agent.
When Amide wax works together with the HAA and benzoin curing system, it can reduce the yellowish of the benzoin.
Amide wax is suitable for processing of various inks and coating systems.


The waxes improve the gloss and slip of the coating surface and also provide defoaming effects.
Amide wax is a slip additive in various printing ink systems.
Additionally Amide wax also provides rub and scratch resistance.


In solvent and water based coatings the micronized amide wax performs as scratch resistance additive and lowers the coefficient of friction.
Furthermore Amide wax improves the sand ability of wood coating and creates a soft touch effect on the surface.
In powder coatings Amide wax is a very effective degassing agent, especially for polyester based coatings.


In addition high water repellence effect and scratch resistance can be achieved by adding the Amide wax.
Also the anti blocking behavior of the cured lacquer is improved with the add-on of Amide wax.
Amide wax is a fine particle dispersing agent and is recommended for engineering polymers like PA, PC, PET, PBT, TPU, etc.


Amide wax is used dispersing agent, especially for hard-to-disperse pigments in masterbatches based on polyolefines and engineering resins like PA,PBT,PET,PC,PDM,TPU,PS etc.
Amide wax is used as additive for paints and coatings, sandin gaid and slip additive for inks.


Amide wax is applicable to low toxic solvent systems which is not associated with B.T.X (Benzene group) or applicable to most of aliphatic solvent based synthetic resin coatings
This is a high performance amide wax applicable to most of solvent based synthetic resin coatings and develops an exceptionally strong and durable thixotropic structure.


Amide wax is used make many breakthroughs in making healthier products that are environmentally friendly.
Amide wax is used for solvent and water-based coatings, powder coatings, and printing inks.
Amide wax can also be used in plastic application as dispersion and lubricating agent.


For liquid coatings and inks, Amide wax offers excellent anti-blocking and slip properties, water repellency effect, and enhances scratch resistance, with minimal impact of transparency.
Amide wax can be used in can coating application as meat releasing agent.


In powder coatings, Amide wax acts as an effective degassing agent and is suitable for post-blending.
Amide wax also demonstrates excellent dispersion and lubricating properties in plastic application.
Amide wax is used Anti-sagging, Anti-settling, and Thickening Agent


Amide wax is applicable to a wide range of solvent base synthetic resin coating and develops an exceptionally strong and long-lasting thixotropic structure.
Amide wax is used heavy duty protective coatings and ambient curing solvent based epoxy coatings to provide excellent recoat ability.
Amide wax is an additive free dispersion of micronized amide wax in water.


The use of Amide wax imparts excellent velvet surface feel, improved sand ability and grain enhancement (Anfeuerung).
The dispersion is made without using dispersing additives, emulsifiers and defoamers and is thus highly compatible without negative influence on the coating performance.
Amide wax is used sintering industry as a lubricant.


Amide wax is recommended for use in the water-based coating systems.
Amide wax is used any of several types of amide-containing wax, such as stearamide and oleoamide.
Amide wax is commonly used as release agents.


For example, bags contain amide waxes to prevent the interior surfaces from sticking.
Amide wax is highly fragmented with the unique use of advanced powder molding process combined with modern nanotechnology.
Compared with traditional grinding mill products, Amide wax can help achieve anti-rub, abrasion resistance and slip characteristics in inks and coatings applications.


Amide wax is specifically composited micronized amide waxes.
Amide wax can improve pigment wetting and allows better degassing of powder coating based on polyester, polyester/epoxy,epoxy, acrylics and polyurethane.
Amide wax has a high affinity to metal surfaces, spreading on hot surfaces, anti blocking.


Amide wax is used in Metal die casting, lubricants, and hot melt adhesives.
Amide wax is used Rubber Industry, Releasing agent.


-ANTI-GLASSFIBRE EXPOSURE AGENT:
Amide wax is used in glass fiber reinforced PA, PBT, ABS, POM products, to prevent glass fiber from outcropping.
Amide wax is used in strengthening of PC, PPS, PPO to have a better thermal resistance.
Recommended dosage of Amide wax is 0.5 – 2%.


-ENHANCED DISPERSING AGENT:
Amide wax is used as efficient dispersing agent in high concentration color masterbatch, and specific color pigments which are difficult to disperse such as Carbon Black, Phthalocyanine Blue & Phthalocyanine Green.
Recommended dosage of Amide wax is 0.5 – 3%.


-HIGH GLOSS LUBRICANT:
Amide wax is used in plastic compounding & masterbatch; Increase fluidity and surface brightness of product for reinforced flame-retardant nylon which require higher processing temperature.
Recommended dosage of Amide wax is 0.5 – 1%.


-INORGANIC POWDER:
As coating agent with coupling agent & stearic acid, Amide wax enhances the overall performance and solve the issue of mold coking.
Recommended dosage of Amide wax is 0.5 – 2%.


-OTHER APPLICATIONS:
Amide wax is used modifying agent for road asphalt & water-proofing coating materials.
Amide wax is used as release agent for PE isolation film in tires.


-Applications include:
*Extrusion and injection of rigid or soft PVC. External lubricant.
*Rubber and PE with high molecular weight.
*Cable coverings.
*Rigid PVC extrusion. Gives good shine. Non-transparent rigid polymers.
*Anti-static.
*Hardening agent for paints, lacquers, asphalts, etc.
*In PVC used for calendering or blown film extrusion.
*Lubricant for ABS, polystyrene, acrylnitrile styrene, polystyrene and polypropylene pigment dispersion agent.



BENEFITS OF AMIDE WAX:
*Acts as a degassing agent in powder coatings
*Excellent anti-blocking and slip properties
*Good scratch resistance properties
*Increased matting
*High water repellent effect
*Improved sand-ability of wood coatings
*no influence on the transparency of polymers
*Excellent dispersion and lubricating properties in plastics applications



THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT AMIDE WAXES:
One normally distinguishes between primary and secondary types of amide waxes.
Both types are semi-synthetic waxes, i.e. the fatty acid portion is of native origin and comes from either a vegetable or an animal source.

Secondary amide waxes are essentially the synthetically manufactured EBS = ethylene-bis-stearamides, frequently also known by the name EDS = ethylene distearmides.
These secondary amide waxes are synthesised from ethylenediamine and stearic acid (usually based on animal fats, although a vegetable stearic acid is also possible upon request) in a nitrogen atmosphere, and are used as an effective and cheap process aid in many technical applications.

Our primary amide waxes, such as, among others, erucic acid amide, stearic acids amide, and oleamide are exclusively synthesised on the basis of vegetable fatty acids.
The primary and secondary amide waxes have in common that they possess good lubricating and sliding properties in many applications , act as flow improvers, or are used as dispersion additives, especially if the transparency and colour characteristics of the end product are to remain unaffected.

Typical areas of application are the plastics and rubber industries, printing ink production, paint industry, powder metallurgy, adhesives and sealants, cosmetics, leather & textiles, paper and roadbuilding.



CHARACTERISTICS AND PURPOSES OF AMIDE WAX:
Amide wax with ultrafine particle size, high melting point, outstanding grindability and smoothness, good recoatability, breathability, and anti-blocking.
Amide wax can improve the grindability when used in NC Nitroncellulose and acid cured resin those paint systems.
To ensure the fully wetting of Amide wax, the mixing time should more than 15 minutes under high-shear dispersion device.

When used in powder coating, we suggest to use the post addition method, by which can increase its charging state.
In some porous surfaces like iron casting, Amide wax acts as degassing agent.
When works together with the HAA and benzoin curing system, Amide wax can reduce the yellowish of the benzoin.
The additional amount of Amide wax is less than 1.5 %.



CONTENT AND METHODS OF USE OF AMIDE WAX:
In a variety of systems, the additional amount of Amide wax is generally between 0.5 to 3%.
Usually by a direct high-speed stirring, Amide wax can disperse in solvent-based coatings and printing inks directly.

Amide wax can be added by using varieties of grinding machines, and high-shear dispersing devices.
Should pay attention to temperature control.
Can make wax slurry with the wax at 20-30%; add Amide wax into the systems when needed, by which can save the dispersion time.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMIDE WAX:
Appearance: white micronized powder
Acid value [mg KOH/g]: 5.0 - 8.0
Drop point [°C]: 139 - 144
Particle size d50 [µm]: 5.5 - 7.5
Density (23°C) [g/cm³]: 0.99 - 1.01
Functions: Lubricants
Physical State: solid
Melting Point: 120-138 c
% Moisture: 0.2% Max
Globule Retention: Nil (100 % Passes through 150 Mesh)
Reaction with Iron Powder: No Reaction
Acid Value: Max.0.02805



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMIDE WAX:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMIDE WAX:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMIDE WAX:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMIDE WAX:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
required
*Body Protection:
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMIDE WAX:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing.
Preventive skin protection recommended.
Wash hands after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMIDE WAX:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available

AMIDET N
Amidet N presents better performance in terms of thickening and foaming than Cocamide DEA.
Amidet N is liquid non-ionic surfactant with good thickening and emulsifying properties.


CAS Number: 827613-35-4
Chemical name: PEG-4 Rapeseedamide
Chemical Composition: Polyoxyethylene Rapeseedamide
INCI name: PEG-4 Rapeseedamide
Ingredient Origin: Oleochemical, Synthetic



SYNONYMS:
Amides, Rape-Oil, N-(Hydroxyethyl), Ethoxylated



Amidet N is a high concentrated liquid surfactant - PEG-4 Rapeseedamide - which shows very good solubilizing and emulsifying properties.
Amidet N presents better performance in terms of thickening and foaming than Cocamide DEA.


Amidet N is a high concentrated liquid surfactant - PEG-4 Rapeseedamide - which shows very good solubilizing and emulsifying properties.
Amidet N presents better performance in terms of thickening and foaming than Cocamide DEA.
Amidet N is a liquid non-ionic surfactant with good thickening and emulsifying properties.


Amidet N is a high concentrated liquid surfactant - PEG-4 Rapeseedamide - which shows very good solubilizing and emulsifying properties.
Amidet N presents better performance in terms of thickening and foaming than Cocamide DEA.
Amidet N is liquid non-ionic surfactant with good thickening and emulsifying properties.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMIDET N:
Amidet N is a nitrosamine-free thickener and foam booster with emulsifying properties.
Amidet N also acts as surfactant, moisturizer and solubilizer.
Amidet N offers re-fatting skin effect, anti-corrosion and wetting power.


Amidet N is used in shampoos, shower bath, creams & lotions, hair colorants, shaving products and hand soaps.
Amidet N is used thickener and foam booster
Amidet N is used Personal Care — Beauty & Care, and Bath & Shower.


Amidet N ıs used lotions, Bath & Shower Applications, Body Wash, Bubble Bath.
Amidet N is used thickener and foam booster



PROPERTIES OF AMIDET N:
*Foam booster
*Solubilizer & Emulsifier
*Thickener



FEATURES OF AMIDET N:
*Amidet N is an effective thickener for foaming products, an emulsifier, a degreaser.
*Mild co-surfactant with good skin cleansing action, improves foaming and foam quality.
*Amidet N gives products a pleasant feeling on the skin.



FUNCTIONS OF AMIDET N:
Emulsifier, Foam Booster, Foaming Agent, Solubilizer, Solubilizer, Surfactant, Surfactant (Nonionic), Thickener, Thixotrope, Viscosity Modifier

-Cleaning Ingredients Functions
*Emulsifier,
*Foam Booster,
*Solubilizer,
*Surfactant,
*Surfactant (Nonionic)
*Thixotrope,
*Viscosity Modifier

-Cosmetic Ingredients Functions
*Emulsifier,
*Foam Booster,
*Foaming Agent,
*Solubilizer,
*Surfactant,
*Surfactant (Nonionic),
*Thickener,
*Viscosity Modifier



INDUSTRIES OF AMIDET N:
*Home Care
*Industrial & Institutional Cleaning
*Hair Care
*Skin Care
*Description



CLAIMS OF AMIDET N:
*Surfactants / Cleansing Agents > Non-ionics
*Moisturizing Agents
*Thickeners & Stabilizers
*Solubilizers
*foam booster



PROPERTIES OF AMIDET N:
*Nitroso amine free thickener and foam booster with emulsifying properties.
*Other properties : re-fatting skin effect, anticorrosion and wetting power.



CHARACTERISTIC OF AMIDET N:
*Amidet N is an effective thickener for foaming products, an emulsifier, a degreaser.
*Mild co-surfactant with good skin cleansing action, improves foaming and foam quality.
*Gives products a pleasant feeling on the skin.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMIDET N:
Product name: AMIDET N
Chemical Name: Polyoxyethylene Rapeseedamide
INCI Name: PEG-4 RAPESEEDAMIDE
Appearance: Liquid
Actual Matter (%): 95
Color (Gardner): G-4 maximum
Water, %: 6.5 – 8.5
Amide (mv/g): 1.64 – 1.75
Free amine (mv/g): 0.11 – 0.23
Viscosity (mPa.s/20°C): 500 maximum
Refraction index (nD 25): 1.4675 – 1.4705
pH (1% solution): 9.2 – 10.2
1,4-dioxane, ppm: 1 ppm maximum



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMIDET N:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMIDET N:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMIDET N:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMIDET N:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMIDET N:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMIDET N:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


AMINO ETHYL AMINO PROPYL TRIMETHOXY SILANE
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is a high functional silane with a hydrolysable methoxy group and a diamino group.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane acts as a silane coupling agent.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane improves desirable qualities such as mechanical strength, moisture or chemical resistance and electrical properties.


CAS Registry Number: 1760-24-3
EC Number: 217-164-6
MDL number: MFCD00008173
Molecular Formula: C8H22N2O3Si


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is a very representative silane coupling agent.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is a chemical reagent used in organometallic reactions and the process of signal amplification in biomolecular labelling.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is an amino functionalized silane coupling agent.
The individual molecules of Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane contain two types of reactive functional groups that are amino group and alkoxy group characterized by different reactivity thus bonding with both organic and inorganic materials.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane acts as a sort of intermediary which bonds organic materials to inorganic materials.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane improves desirable qualities such as mechanical strength, moisture or chemical resistance and electrical properties.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane improves desirable qualities such as mechanical strength, moisture or chemical resistance and electrical properties.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMINO ETHYL AMINO PROPYL TRIMETHOXY SILANE:
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants and coating products.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is extensively used in adhesives to improve adhesion.
Other release to the environment of Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is likely to occur from: indoor use and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).


Release to the environment of Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal) and of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.


Other release to the environment of Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used in the following products: coating products, adhesives and sealants and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used in the following areas: building & construction work.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used for the manufacture of: machinery and vehicles, electrical, electronic and optical equipment and furniture.


Other release to the environment of Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is likely to occur from: indoor use and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used in the following products: non-metal-surface treatment products, coating products, adhesives and sealants, polymers, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and inks and toners.


Release to the environment of Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used in the following products: non-metal-surface treatment products, polymers, adhesives and sealants, coating products and laboratory chemicals.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used in the following areas: building & construction work, formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and scientific research and development.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, machinery and vehicles, mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement), rubber products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment and furniture.
Release to the environment of Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, as processing aid, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), for thermoplastic manufacture and as processing aid.


Release to the environment of Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane improve adhesion between glass, mineral and metal surfaces and amino-reactive resins.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane improves adhesion,while maintaining good shelf stability as an additive in waterborne systems
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane may be used as an additive, meeting the need of special primers in numerous bonding applications.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used as the equivalent of Dynasylan DAMO or Momentive Silquest A-1120.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can erect superior adhesion to inorganic materials, for example, metals, glass, ceramics.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can also improve adhesion to a variety of composites.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used Adhesives & Sealants, Chemical Synthesis, Construction Chemicals, Glass & Ceramics, Industrial Chemicals, Silicones & Silanes, Coatings.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can be used as an adhesion promoter in paints, coating, adhesives and sealants industries.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is typically used in one-component and two-component polysulfide sealants.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can be used as an additive for special primers in many bonding applications.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can be used to improve the bonding performance between organic resins and inorganic materials.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can be used as a primer for glass and metal or a polymer additive.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can also be used for the synthesis of textile and fabrics additives.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane uses and applications include: Coupling agent for epoxies, phenolics, melamines, nylons, PVC, acrylics, urethanes, nitrile rubbers; crosslinking agent; adhesion promoter for coatings; in food packaging adhesives.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane provides superior elongation, flexibility and spreading at the interface as a coupling agent.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used mainly to improve the performance of epoxy, phenolic, melamine, furan and other resin laminates.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane normally acts as a surface modifier of inorganic fillers and pigments.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is also effective for polypropylene, polyethylene, polyacrylic acid vinegar, silicone, polyamide, polycarbonate, and Poly cyanoethylene.
Glass fiber finishing agent, Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is also widely used in glass beads, silica, talc, mica, clay, fly ash and other silicon-containing substances.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is mainly used for coupling organic polymers and inorganic, so that the two chemical bonding into a whole, in order to improve the polymer of various physical and mechanical properties, electrical properties, water resistance, aging resistance, suitable polymers for coupling are thermosetting resins, such as epoxy, phenolic, polyurethane, melamine, nitrile phenolic; Hot melt resins, such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide; Elastomer Polysulfide rubber, polyurethane rubber, etc.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can be used to couple organic polymers and inorganic materials, can be used as a glass fiber finishing agent, can be used as a crosslinking agent and curing agent for silicone rubber and silicone resin, can be used as a textile finishing agent, can also be made into amino modified silicone oil and so on.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is useful for chemical research.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used coupling agent, used in rubber, plastic, glass fiber, coating, adhesive, sealant and other industries.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is also employed as an adhesive and sealant chemical.
Further, Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used as a paint additive and coating additive.


In addition to this, Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane plays an important role in the production of petroleum.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used to couple organic polymer with inorganic material.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can improve adhesion and water-resistance of mixed material.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane also improves anti-aging properties and various mechanical strengths.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is a suitable polymer includes thermosetting resin, thermoplastic resin and elastomer.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can also improve properties of epoxy and phenolic, melamine, furan resin with the effects on polypropylene, polyethylene, organic silicon, polyamide, polycarbonate and polyvinyl chloride.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used as glass fiber lubricant.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane extensively adapts to pearls of glass, fumed silica, talc, mica, pottery clay and clay etc.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used as coupling Agent, used in rubber, plastic, glass fiber, coatings, adhesives, sealants and other industries.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is used as an organic ligand for the surface modification of silica gel to uptake heavy metal ions.


Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can react with fluorinated carbon nanotubes (F-CNT) to form aminoalkylalkoxysilane functionalized carbon nanotubes.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane is a chemical reagent used in organometallic reactions and the process of signal amplification in biomolecular labelling.


-RTV Silicones and Hybrid Silane-Crosslinked Sealants
With single-double component silane-crosslinked sealant, Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can improve the adhesion of many substrates, including glass, steel, aluminum and concrete.
And Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can dramatically enhance the adhesion to a wide array of plastics when used in combination with SPURSM Technology for silyl urethane polymers.


-Polysulfide Sealants:
When it’s added to single-double component polysulfide sealants, Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane provides better adhesion to a variety of substrates, including glass, aluminum and steel.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane disperses well and can obtain cohesive split rather than interfacial split between the sealant and the substrate.
Furthermore, Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can avoid using primers and it can enhance the adhesion strength between the coatings.


-Plastic sealant:
In plastic sealants treatment, Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane as an adhesion promoter, a replacement for polyaminoamide, can improve bonding to metal substrates.
In addition to increasing strength, the silane-modified plastic sealants have a better performance than systems those use polyaminoamide adhesion promoter.
Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane have a very light color and the cured compound is bubble-free.


-Additive in Phenolic and Epoxy Molding Compounds
As an additive in phenolic and epoxy molding compounds, reduces the water absorption of molded composites.
So Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane can effectively improve wet electrical properties, particularly at low frequencies.
High-temperature strength properties are also improved.



PROPERTIES OF AMINO ETHYL AMINO PROPYL TRIMETHOXY SILANE:
• Coupling agent
• Improved adhesion
• Increased wet and dry tensile strength and modulus to the composite
• Increased wet and dry flexural strength and modulus to the composite
• Increased wet and dry compressive strength
• Improved compatibility between inorganic filler and organic polymer



PRODUCTION METHOD OF AMINO ETHYL AMINO PROPYL TRIMETHOXY SILANE:
(1) synthesis of trimethoxysilane see γ-(glycidyl ether) propyltrimethoxysilane.
(2) synthesis of γ-(ethylenediamino) propyltrimethoxysilane obtained by addition reaction of ethylenediaminopropene and trimethoxysilane.
The addition reaction of trichlorosilane and allyl chloride is carried out under the catalysis of chloroplatinic acid, then the amination reaction is carried out with ethylenediamine, and then the product is obtained by methanol alcoholysis.

Chloropropyltrichlorosilane can also be used as a raw material to generate chloropropyltrimethoxysilane by methanol hydrolysis, and then the product N-β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is generated by Amine hydrolysis.
Among them, it is more appropriate to use steam liquid reaction for aminolysis, and the optimum conditions for aminolysis reaction are as follows: the ratio of raw material silane to ethylenediamine is 1 ∶ 3.0, and the reflux time is 3H.



PREPARATION OF AMINO ETHYL AMINO PROPYL TRIMETHOXY SILANE:
add 12mol(721.2g) of ethylenediamine to the kettle and add 1mol(198.7G) chloropropyltrimethoxysilane is pressed into the metering tank, ethylenediamine is heated to 100 r/min ° C.

Under 120 stirring, and chloropropyltrimethoxysilane in the metering tank is dropped into ethylenediamine in the reaction kettle through the dropping funnel within 4 hours, after completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction was continued at 120 ℃ for 2 hours to produce N-(β-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and ethylenediamine hydrochloride, then, the temperature of the kettle is lowered to 80 ℃, and the water circulation vacuum pump is turned on at the same time.

Under the condition of-0.08MPa, ethylenediamine 8mol(480.8G) is recovered under vacuum, after lowering the temperature of the kettle to 40 ° C, the contents of the kettle were introduced into a conical sedimentation kettle for static stratification at atmospheric pressure for 4 hours.

After 4 hours of static stratification, the lower layer separated from the material in the settling kettle was 165.5G of ethylenediamine hydrochloride, and the upper layer was 273.6G of crude Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane, the crude upper layer was distilled at-0.1MPa to obtain 195.2g of finished Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane; Amino Ethyl Amino Propyl Trimethoxy Silane product GC detection content was 99.08%, product quality yield was 98.2%.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMINO ETHYL AMINO PROPYL TRIMETHOXY SILANE:
Molecular Weight: 222.36
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 5
Rotatable Bond Count: 9
Exact Mass: 222.13996910
Monoisotopic Mass: 222.13996910
Topological Polar Surface Area: 79.7 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 14
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 134
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Formula Weight: 222.36
Boiling Point: 261-263°
Flash Point: 136°(276°F)
Density: 1.010
Refractive Index: 1.4435
Storage & Sensitivity:
Moisture Sensitive.
Air Sensitive.
Ambient temperatures.
Solubility: Miscible with toluene.
Boiling point: 261 - 263 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 1.02 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: 136 °C
Ignition temperature: 300 °C
pH value: 10 (10 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 1.5 hPa (20 °C)

Molecular Formula: C8H22N2O3Si
Molar Mass: 222.36
Density: 1.028g/mLat 25°C(lit.)
Melting Point: 0°C
Boling Point: 146°C15mm Hg(lit.)
Flash Point: 220°F
Water Solubility: REACTS
Solubility: Miscible with toluene.
Vapor Presure: 1.5 hPa (20 °C)
Appearance: Liquid
Specific Gravity: 1.01
Color: Clear colorless to light yellow
BRN: 636230
pKa: 10.11±0.19(Predicted)
PH: 10 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Storage Condition: Store below +30°C.
Sensitive: 7: reacts slowly with moisture/water
Refractive Index: 20/D 1.444(lit.)
Physical state: liquid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available

Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 146 °C at 20 hPa - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 136 °C - DIN 51758
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available

Density: 1,028 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Color: Yellow
Density: 1.0310g/mL
Boiling Point: 114.0°C to 118.0°C (2.0 mmHg)
Flash Point: 137°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Linear Formula: (H3CO)3Si(CH2)3NH(CH2)2NH(CH2)2NH2
Refractive Index: 1.4570 to 1.4610



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMINO ETHYL AMINO PROPYL TRIMETHOXY SILANE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMINO ETHYL AMINO PROPYL TRIMETHOXY SILANE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMINO ETHYL AMINO PROPYL TRIMETHOXY SILANE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMINO ETHYL AMINO PROPYL TRIMETHOXY SILANE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,2 mm
Break through time: 60 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMINO ETHYL AMINO PROPYL TRIMETHOXY SILANE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMINO ETHYL AMINO PROPYL TRIMETHOXY SILANE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
SCHEMBL189973
aminoethyl aminopropyltrimethoxysilane
3-(2-Aminoethylamino)propyltrimethoxysilane
N-β-(Aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane
1,2-Ethanediamine, N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-
Ethylenediamine, N-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-
Silane, (3-(2-aminoethyl)aminopropyl)trimethoxy-
Silicone A-1120
N-(3-Trimethoxysilylpropyl)-ethylenediamine
Aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxy silane
DAMO-P
Dow Corning Z-6020
Dynasylan DAMO
Dynasylan DAMO-P
Dynasylan DAMO-T
N-[3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-1,2-ethanediamine
Petrarch A0700
Prosil 3128
Union carbide A-1120
Silane, trimethoxy-[3[N-(2-aminoethyl)]aminopropyl]-
1,2-Ethanediamine, N1-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-
A 0700
AAS-M
AP 132
en-APTAS; GF 91; KBM 603; NUCA 1120; SH 6020; Z 6020
Dow Corning product Z-6020
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propylamine
n1-2-aminoethyl-n2-3-trimethoxysilyl propyl ethane-1,2-diamine
3-trimethoxysilylpropyl diethylenetriamine
3-2-2-aminoethylamino ethylamino propyl-trimethoxysilane
3-trimethoxysilyl propyl diethylenetriamine
n1-3-trimethoxysilylpropyl diethylenetriamine
trimethoxysilylpropyldiethylenetriamine, 1,2-ethanediamine
n-2-aminoethyl-n'-3-trimethoxysilyl propyl
diethylenetriamino propyltrimethoxysilane
3-2-2-aminoethylamino ethylamino propyltrimethoxysilane
n-2-aminoethyl-n'-3-trimethoxysilyl propyl ethylenediamine
(2- Aminoethyl)(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)amine-15N
(Trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethylenediamine-15N
(β-Aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane-15N
(γ- Ethylenediaminepropyl)trimethoxysilane-15N
3-(N-Aminoethyl)aminopropyltrimethoxysilane-15N
3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propylethylenediamine-15N
3- Ethylenediaminopropyltrimethoxysilane-15N
3-[N-(2-Aminoethyl)amino]propyltrimethoxysilane-15N
6-Amino-4-azahexyltrimethoxysilane-15N
A 0700-15N
A 1100-15N
A 1120-15N
A 1122-15N
A 1200-15N
A 1200 (amine)-15N
AAS-M-15N
AO 700-15N
AP 132-15N
Aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane-15N
LS 3750-15N
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3- (trimethoxysilyl)propylamine-15N
N-(Aminoethyl)aminopropyltrimethoxysilane-15N
N- (Trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethylenediamine-15N
N-(β-Aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane-15N
Ethylenediaminepropyl)trimethoxysilane
3-(N-Aminoethyl)aminopropyltrimethoxysilane
3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propylethylenediamine
3-Ethylenediaminopropyltrimethoxysilane
3-[N-(2-Aminoethyl)amino]propyltrimethoxysilane
DAMO
DAMO-P
DAMO-T
DB 792
DC-Z 6020
Dow Corning Z 6020
Dynasylan
DAMO Dynasylan
DAMO-P Dynasylan
DAMO-T G 91
GF 91
Gelest SIA 0591.0
Geniosil GF 91
HC 792
HD 107
Hydrosil 2776
JH 53
Aminoethyl-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane
A 0700
AAS-M
AP 132
Dow Corning Z-6020 Silane
en-APTAS
GF 91
KBM 603
N-(3-Trimethoxysilylpropyl)-ethylenediamine
NUCA 1120
Prosil 3128
SH 6020
Silane, (3-(2-aminoethyl)aminopropyl)trimethoxy-
Silicone A-1120
Z 6020
1,2-Ethanediamine, N-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-
1,2-Ethanediamine, N1-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-
Ethylenediamine, N-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-
N-(3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-1,2-ethanediamine
AEAPTMS
(Trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethylenediamine
3-[[[N-(2-Aminoethyl)amino]propyl]trimethoxy]silane
A-1120
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-(aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-propylaminotrimethoxysilane
N-[(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine
N-[3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-1,2-ethylenediamine
Trimethoxy[3-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]propyl]silane
[gamma-(beta-Aminoethylaminopropyl)]trimethoxysilane
[3-[(2-Aminoethyl)amino]propyl]trimethoxysilane
[N-(beta-Aminoethyl)-gamma-aminopropyl]trimethoxysilane
N-[3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethane-1,2-diamine
(2-Aminoethyl)(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)amine
[3-(2-Aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propylamine
Dow Corning product Z-6020
A0700
Aas-M
sh6020
prosil3128
Prosil 3128
Petrarch A0700
Petrarch A0701
Silicone A-1120
Silane Coupling Agent A-1120
Silane Coupling Agent Kh-792
Aminoethylamino Propyltrimethoxy Silane
N-(3-Trimethoxysillylpropyl)ethylenediamine
3-(2-Aminoethylamino)propyltrimethoxysilane
3-(2-Aminoethyl)-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane
N-[3-(Trimethoxysilyl)Propyl]Ethylenediamine
[3-(2-Aminoethyl)aminopropyl]trimethoxysilane
3-(2-aminoethyl)-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane
N-(amino-ethyl)-amino-propyl trimethoxy silane
N-(Β-Aminoethyl)- Γ-Aminopropytrimethoxysilane
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane
N-(2-Aminoethyl)(3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane
N-[1-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethane-1,1-diamine
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-(Trimethoxysilyl)Propylamine
N-[1-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethane-1,2-diamine
N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethane-1,2-diamine
Silane, (3-(2-aminoethyl)aminopropyl)trimethoxy-
Silane, trimethoxy-[3[N-(2-aminoethyl)]aminopropyl]-
N(beta-aminoethyl)gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxy-silane
N-Beta-(Aminoethyl)-Gamma-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane


AMINOACETIC ACID
DESCRIPTION:
Aminoacetic acid is an amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain.
Aminoacetic acid is the simplest stable amino acid (carbamic acid is unstable), with the chemical formula NH2‐CH2‐COOH.
Aminoacetic acid is one of the proteinogenic amino acids.

IUPAC NAME : Aminoacetic acid
CAS NUMBER : 56-40-6
EC NUMBER : 200-272-2
CHEMICAL FORMULA : C2H5NO2

Aminoacetic acid is integral to the formation of alpha-helices in secondary protein structure due to its compact form.
For the same reason, it is the most abundant amino acid in collagen triple-helices.
Aminoacetic acid is encoded by all the codons starting with GG (GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG).

Aminoacetic acid is also an inhibitory neurotransmitter – interference with its release within the spinal cord (such as during a Clostridium tetani infection) can cause spastic paralysis due to uninhibited muscle contraction.

Aminoacetic acid is the only achiral proteinogenic amino acid.
Aminoacetic acid can fit into hydrophilic or hydrophobic environments, due to its minimal side chain of only one hydrogen atom.

HISTORY AND ETYMOLOGY OF AMINOACETIC ACID
Aminoacetic acid was discovered in 1820 by French chemist Henri Braconnot when he hydrolyzed gelatin by boiling it with sulfuric acid.
He originally called it "sugar of gelatin",but French chemist Jean-Baptiste Boussingault showed in 1838 that it contained nitrogen.

In 1847 American scientist Eben Norton Horsford, then a student of the German chemist Justus von Liebig, proposed the name "glycocoll";however, the Swedish chemist Berzelius suggested the simpler current name a year later.
The name comes from the Greek word γλυκύς "sweet tasting" (which is also related to the prefixes glyco- and gluco-, as in glycoprotein and glucose).
In 1858, the French chemist Auguste Cahours determined that glycine was an amine of acetic acid.


PRODUCTION OF AMINOACETIC ACID
Although glycine can be isolated from hydrolyzed protein, this route is not used for industrial production, as it can be manufactured more conveniently by chemical synthesis.

The two main processes are amination of chloroacetic acid with ammonia, giving glycine and ammonium chloride, and the Strecker amino acid synthesis, which is the main synthetic method in the United States and Japan.


About 15 thousand tonnes are produced annually in this way.
Aminoacetic acid is also cogenerated as an impurity in the synthesis of EDTA, arising from reactions of the ammonia coproduct.

CHEMICAL REACTIONS OF AMINOACETIC ACID
Its acid–base properties are most important.

In aqueous solution, glycine is amphoteric: below pH = 2.4, it converts to the ammonium cation called glycinium.
Above about 9.6, it converts to glycinate.

Aminoacetic acid functions as a bidentate ligand for many metal ions, forming amino acid complexes.
A typical complex is Cu(glycinate)2, i.e. Cu(H2NCH2CO2)2, which exists both in cis and trans isomers.

With acid chlorides, glycine converts to the amidocarboxylic acid, such as hippuric acid and acetylglycine.

With nitrous acid, one obtains glycolic acid (van Slyke determination).
With methyl iodide, the amine becomes quaternized to give trimethylglycine, a natural product:
H3N+CH2COO−+ 3 CH3I → (CH3)3N+CH2COO−+ 3 HI

Aminoacetic acid condenses with itself to give peptides, beginning with the formation of glycylglycine:
2 H3N+CH2COO− → H3N+CH2CONHCH2COO− + H2O

Pyrolysis of glycine or glycylglycine gives 2,5-diketopiperazine, the cyclic diamide.
Aminoacetic acid forms esters with alcohols.
They are often isolated as their hydrochloride, e.g., glycine methyl ester hydrochloride.
Otherwise the free ester tends to convert to diketopiperazine.

As a bifunctional molecule, glycine reacts with many reagents.
These can be classified into N-centered and carboxylate-center reactions.

METABOLISM
BIOSYNTHESIS
Aminoacetic acid is not essential to the human diet, as it is biosynthesized in the body from the amino acid serine, which is in turn derived from 3-phosphoglycerate, but one publication made by supplements sellers seems to show that the metabolic capacity for glycine biosynthesis does not satisfy the need for collagen synthesis.

In most organisms, the enzyme serine hydroxymethyltransferase catalyses this transformation via the cofactor pyridoxal phosphate:

serine + tetrahydrofolate → glycine + N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate + H2O


In the liver of vertebrates, glycine synthesis is catalyzed by glycine synthase (also called glycine cleavage enzyme). This conversion is readily reversible:
CO2 + NH+4 + N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate + NADH + H+ ⇌ Glycine + tetrahydrofolate + NAD+

In addition to being synthesized from serine, aminoacetic acid can also be derived from threonine, choline or hydroxyproline via inter-organ metabolism of the liver and kidneys.

DEGRADATION
Glycine is degraded via three pathways.
The predominant pathway in animals and plants is the reverse of the glycine synthase pathway mentioned above.
In this context, the enzyme system involved is usually called the glycine cleavage system:
Glycine + tetrahydrofolate + NAD+ ⇌ CO2 + NH+4 + N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate + NADH +H+

In the second pathway, aminoacetic acid is degraded in two steps.

The first step is the reverse of glycine biosynthesis from serine with serine hydroxymethyl transferase.
Serine is then converted to pyruvate by serine dehydratase.

In the third pathway of its degradation, glycine is converted to glyoxylate by D-amino acid oxidase.
Glyoxylate is then oxidized by hepatic lactate dehydrogenase to oxalate in an NAD+-dependent reaction.

The half-life of glycine and its elimination from the body varies significantly based on dose.
In one study, the half-life varied between 0.5 and 4.0 hours.

Glycine is extremely sensitive to antibiotics which target folate, and blood glycine levels drop severely within a minute of antibiotic injections.
Some antibiotics can deplete more than 90% of glycine within a few minutes of being administered.


PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTION
The principal function of glycine is it acts as a precursor to proteins.
Most proteins incorporate only small quantities of glycine, a notable exception being collagen, which contains about 35% glycine due to its periodically repeated role in the formation of collagen's helix structure in conjunction with hydroxyproline.
In the genetic code, glycine is coded by all codons starting with GG, namely GGU, GGC, GGA and GGG.


AS A BIOSYNTHETIC INTERMEDIATE
In higher eukaryotes, δ-aminolevulinic acid, the key precursor to porphyrins, is biosynthesized from glycine and succinyl-CoA by the enzyme ALA synthase.
Glycine provides the central C2N subunit of all purines.

AS A NEUROTRANSMITTER
Aminoacetic acid is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, especially in the spinal cord, brainstem, and retina.
When glycine receptors are activated, chloride enters the neuron via ionotropic receptors, causing an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP).
Strychnine is a strong antagonist at ionotropic glycine receptors, whereas bicuculline is a weak one.
Aminoacetic acid is a required co-agonist along with glutamate for NMDA receptors. In contrast to the inhibitory role of glycine in the spinal cord, this behaviour is facilitated at the (NMDA) glutamatergic receptors which are excitatory.
The LD50 of glycine is 7930 mg/kg in rats (oral), and it usually causes death by hyperexcitability.

USES OF AMINOACETIC ACID
In the US, glycine is typically sold in two grades: United States Pharmacopeia (“USP”), and technical grade.
USP grade sales account for approximately 80 to 85 percent of the U.S. market for glycine.

If purity greater than the USP standard is needed, for example for intravenous injections, a more expensive pharmaceutical grade glycine can be used.
Technical grade glycine, which may or may not meet USP grade standards, is sold at a lower price for use in industrial applications, e.g., as an agent in metal complexing and finishing.


ANIMAL AND HUMAN FOODS
Aminoacetic acid is not widely used in foods for its nutritional value, except in infusions.
Instead glycine's role in food chemistry is as a flavorant.
Aminoacetic acid is mildly sweet, and it counters the aftertaste of saccharine.

Aminoacetic acid also has preservative properties, perhaps owing to its complexation to metal ions.
Metal glycinate complexes, e.g. copper(II) glycinate are used as supplements for animal feeds.
The U.S. "Food and Drug Administration no longer regards glycine and its salts as generally recognized as safe for use in human food".

CHEMICAL FEEDSTOCK
Aminoacetic acid is an intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of chemical products.
Aminoacetic acid is used in the manufacture of the herbicides glyphosate, iprodione, glyphosine, imiprothrin, and eglinazine.
Aminoacetic acid is used as an intermediate of the medicine such as thiamphenicol.


LABORATORY RESEARCH OF AMINOACETIC ACID
Aminoacetic acid is a significant component of some solutions used in the SDS-PAGE method of protein analysis.
Aminoacetic acid serves as a buffering agent, maintaining pH and preventing sample damage during electrophoresis.

Aminoacetic acid is also used to remove protein-labeling antibodies from Western blot membranes to enable the probing of numerous proteins of interest from SDS-PAGE gel.
This allows more data to be drawn from the same specimen, increasing the reliability of the data, reducing the amount of sample processing, and number of samples required.
This process is known as stripping.

PRESENCE IN SPACE OF AMINOACETIC ACID
The presence of aminoacetic acid outside the earth was confirmed in 2009, based on the analysis of samples that had been taken in 2004 by the NASA spacecraft Stardust from comet Wild 2 and subsequently returned to earth.

Aminoacetic acid had previously been identified in the Murchison meteorite in 1970.
The discovery of aminoacetic acid in outer space bolstered the hypothesis of so called soft-panspermia, which claims that the "building blocks" of life are widespread throughout the universe.
In 2016, detection of aminoacetic acid within Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko by the Rosetta spacecraft was announced.

The detection of aminoacetic acid outside the Solar System in the interstellar medium has been debated.
In 2008, the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy discovered the spectral lines of a aminoacetic acid precursor (aminoacetonitrile) in the Large Molecule Heimat, a giant gas cloud near the galactic center in the constellation Sagittarius.

EVOLUTION OF AMINOACETIC ACID
Aminoacetic acid is proposed to be defined by early genetic codes.
For example, low complexity regions (in proteins), that may resemble the proto-peptides of the early genetic code are highly enriched in aminoacetic acid.

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AMINOACETIC ACID
Molecular Weight 150.13
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 6
Rotatable Bond Count 2
Exact Mass 150.06405680
Monoisotopic Mass 150.06405680
Topological Polar Surface Area 127 Ų
Heavy Atom Count 10
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 42.9
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 2
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT AMINOACETIC ACID
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.



SYNONYMS OF AMINOACETIC ACID:
Depositor-Supplied Synonyms:
87867-94-5
glycine aminoacetic acid
SCHEMBL1493
AKOS028110004

AMINOACETIC ACID

Aminoacetic acid, commonly referred to as Aminoacetic acid, is the simplest amino acid found in nature.
Aminoacetic acid is a small, organic molecule with a molecular formula of C2H5NO2.
Aminoacetic acid is colorless, odorless, and tasteless, often occurring as a white crystalline powder.
Its chemical structure consists of a single amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to the same carbon atom.

CAS Number: 56-40-6
EC Number: 200-272-2



APPLICATIONS


Aminoacetic acid is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry as a buffering agent to maintain the pH of medications and formulations.
Aminoacetic acid serves as a stabilizing agent for vaccines and certain therapeutic proteins.
In the food industry, Aminoacetic acid is utilized as a flavor enhancer, contributing to the savory taste of various dishes.
Aminoacetic acid functions as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a role in signal transmission.

Aminoacetic acid is employed as a supplement to potentially improve sleep quality and enhance relaxation.
Aminoacetic acid is a key component of collagen, the most abundant protein in the human body, contributing to skin health and wound healing.
In cosmetics and skincare products, it is used for its moisturizing and anti-aging properties.

The production of gelatin, which is essential in the food, pharmaceutical, and photography industries, relies on Aminoacetic acid.
Aminoacetic acid is used in the manufacture of antacids to neutralize excess stomach acid.
Aminoacetic acid plays a role in the synthesis of creatine, which is essential for muscle energy metabolism.

In the pet food industry, Aminoacetic acid is added to improve palatability and provide essential nitrogen.
Aminoacetic acid is utilized as a foliar fertilizer in agriculture to supply plants with essential nutrients.
Aminoacetic acid is an important precursor in the synthesis of porphyrins, which are crucial for hemoglobin and chlorophyll.

Aminoacetic acid is employed as a reductant in various chemical reactions and can reduce metal ions in laboratory settings.
In the textile industry, it is used in dyeing processes to improve color fastness and uniformity.
Aminoacetic acid acts as a chelating agent, binding to metal ions and aiding in the removal of metal stains and scale.
Aminoacetic acid is used as a component in some skin creams and lotions to promote skin hydration.

Aminoacetic acid is employed as a dietary supplement for its potential benefits in supporting metabolic health.
In the paper and pulp industry, it is used as an additive to improve pulp bleaching processes.

Aminoacetic acid plays a role in the synthesis of purines, which are essential for DNA and RNA.
Aminoacetic acid is used in the manufacturing of specialty chemicals and as a starting material for various organic compounds.
In veterinary medicine, Aminoacetic acid can be used as a treatment for certain metabolic disorders in animals.
Aminoacetic acid serves as a stabilizing agent for certain enzymes and proteins used in biotechnology and research.

Aminoacetic acid is employed as a component in some dishwashing detergents to enhance cleaning effectiveness.
In the brewing industry, it can be used as a fining agent to clarify beer and remove impurities.

Aminoacetic acid is a crucial component in the formulation of shampoos and conditioners, contributing to hair strength and moisture retention.
Aminoacetic acid is employed in the manufacturing of toothpaste and mouthwash products to enhance the flavor and freshness of the oral care products.
In the leather industry, Aminoacetic acid is used as a tanning agent in the production of high-quality leather goods.
Aminoacetic acid is an important ingredient in dietary supplements aimed at promoting muscle growth and recovery.
Aminoacetic acid is utilized in the brewing process to control the pH of beer and prevent undesirable flavors.

In the textile industry, it serves as a dye levelling agent, ensuring uniform color distribution during dyeing.
Aminoacetic acid is used in the production of detergents to enhance the cleaning and stain-removing capabilities.

Aminoacetic acid plays a role in the synthesis of nucleic acids, contributing to the genetic material of living organisms.
Aminoacetic acid is employed in the manufacture of explosives, where it acts as a stabilizing agent.
In the production of cosmetics and skincare products, it helps maintain product stability and consistency.

Aminoacetic acid is used as a metal complexing agent in electroplating processes to improve the quality of metal coatings.
Aminoacetic acid is a key ingredient in some energy drinks and supplements for its potential performance-enhancing properties.
In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as an excipient in tablet and capsule formulations to aid in drug delivery.

Aminoacetic acid can be used as a reducing agent in chemical analysis and laboratory experiments.
Aminoacetic acid is employed in the production of specialty chemicals, including herbicides and pesticides.
Aminoacetic acid is added to some animal feed formulations to improve nutrient absorption and overall health.

In the production of cosmetics, it can be used to regulate product pH and enhance skin hydration.
Aminoacetic acid is used in the synthesis of various chemicals, including polymers, surfactants, and plasticizers.
Aminoacetic acid plays a role in the formation of bile acids in the liver, aiding in digestion and fat absorption.
Aminoacetic acid is a component in some dietary supplements aimed at supporting cognitive function and memory.

In the manufacturing of ceramics and glass, it is employed as a flux to reduce melting temperatures.
Aminoacetic acid is used as a supplement in certain poultry diets to enhance growth and feather quality.

Aminoacetic acid is utilized as a stabilizer for enzymes used in the food and beverage industry.
In the construction industry, it can be added to cement formulations to improve concrete strength and durability.
Aminoacetic acid is employed in the production of biodegradable plastics, contributing to environmentally friendly materials.

Aminoacetic acid is a common ingredient in skincare products, including creams and serums, due to its moisturizing and skin-soothing properties.
In the textile industry, it is used as a dyeing assistant to improve the colorfastness and uniformity of dyed fabrics.

Aminoacetic acid serves as a chelating agent in water treatment processes, helping to remove heavy metal ions from wastewater.
In the agricultural sector, it can be utilized as a soil conditioner to improve soil structure and nutrient retention.

Aminoacetic acid is used in the formulation of some veterinary medicines, particularly in the treatment of livestock.
Aminoacetic acid plays a role in the synthesis of heme, a component of hemoglobin responsible for oxygen transport in red blood cells.
Aminoacetic acid is employed in the production of certain pharmaceuticals, such as antacids and analgesics.

In the pet food industry, it is added to pet treats and supplements for its potential health benefits.
Aminoacetic acid is used as a stabilizing agent for enzymes used in molecular biology and biotechnology research.
Aminoacetic acid can be incorporated into cooling bath solutions for laboratory equipment to control temperature during experiments.

In the automotive industry, Aminoacetic acid can be used as a component in engine coolants and antifreeze solutions.
Aminoacetic acid is a key ingredient in some protein-based nutritional supplements, contributing to muscle health and recovery.

Aminoacetic acid is employed in the synthesis of various chemical compounds, including pesticides and herbicides.
Aminoacetic acid can be found in some over-the-counter cough syrups and throat lozenges for its soothing properties.
In the production of ceramics and glass, it acts as a flux to lower melting temperatures and improve consistency.

Aminoacetic acid is used in the manufacturing of foaming agents for fire extinguishers and firefighting equipment.
Aminoacetic acid plays a role in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines, essential for the formation of nucleic acids.
Aminoacetic acid is used as a buffering agent in electrophoresis, a technique for separating molecules in laboratories.
In the construction industry, it can be added to cement to enhance concrete workability and strength.

Aminoacetic acid is an ingredient in some dietary supplements marketed for stress relief and relaxation.
Aminoacetic acid is employed in the production of synthetic rubber and plastics, contributing to their elasticity.
Aminoacetic acid is utilized in the manufacturing of adhesives and sealants to improve product performance.

In the food industry, it can be used as a food additive to enhance the taste and flavor of various dishes.
Aminoacetic acid serves as a component in some formulations for leather treatments and conditioning.
Aminoacetic acid is utilized in the production of specialty chemicals, including those used in the electronics and semiconductor industries.

Aminoacetic acid is used in the cosmetic industry to create facial masks and skincare products for its skin-soothing and moisturizing properties.
In the pet care industry, it can be found in pet shampoos and grooming products to promote coat health.
Aminoacetic acid is a component in some dietary supplements aimed at supporting overall digestive health.

Aminoacetic acid serves as a buffering agent in the production of certain vaccines to maintain their stability.
In the manufacturing of photographic chemicals, Aminoacetic acid is employed as a developing agent.
Aminoacetic acid plays a role in the synthesis of various types of antibiotics and antimicrobial agents.
Aminoacetic acid is utilized in the production of specialty adhesives, including those used in the construction industry.

In the pharmaceutical field, it is used as an excipient in tablet coatings to improve drug delivery.
Aminoacetic acid can be added to poultry feed as a dietary supplement to enhance growth and feather quality.
In the production of soap and detergents, it acts as a surfactant, improving cleaning effectiveness.
Aminoacetic acid is used as a metal complexing agent in the mining industry to extract valuable metals from ores.

Aminoacetic acid plays a role in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, such as serine and glutathione, influencing brain function.
In the wine industry, it is used as a fining agent to clarify and improve the taste of wine.
Aminoacetic acid can be added to fire extinguishing solutions to enhance their firefighting effectiveness.
Aminoacetic acid serves as a reducing agent in chemical reactions, particularly in the preparation of specialty chemicals.

In the automotive sector, Aminoacetic acid is used in the formulation of some engine coolant and antifreeze products.
Aminoacetic acid is a component in certain formulations for plant-based meat substitutes to enhance flavor and texture.
In the manufacturing of ceramics, it is employed to improve the molding and firing processes.
Aminoacetic acid can be used as a pH regulator in laboratory experiments and analytical chemistry.

Aminoacetic acid is added to some body wash and shower gel formulations for its mild cleansing properties.
In the semiconductor industry, it is used as a dopant material to modify the electrical properties of silicon.
Aminoacetic acid plays a role in the synthesis of heme, which is essential for the functioning of hemoglobin.

Aminoacetic acid can be incorporated into cooling bath solutions for laboratory equipment to maintain precise temperatures.
Aminoacetic acid is utilized in the production of specialty plastics and polymers for specific industrial applications.
In the paper and pulp industry, it is used to improve the efficiency of paper bleaching processes.



DESCRIPTION


Aminoacetic acid is a common name for the chemical compound known as Aminoacetic acid.
Its chemical formula is C2H5NO2, and it is the simplest amino acid, making it an essential building block of proteins.
Aminoacetic acid is an organic compound with a single amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to the same carbon atom.
Aminoacetic acid is considered a non-essential amino acid because the human body can synthesize it from other precursors, but it is still crucial for various physiological functions.

Aminoacetic acid, commonly referred to as Aminoacetic acid, is the simplest amino acid found in nature.
Aminoacetic acid is a small, organic molecule with a molecular formula of C2H5NO2.
Aminoacetic acid is colorless, odorless, and tasteless, often occurring as a white crystalline powder.
Its chemical structure consists of a single amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to the same carbon atom.

Aminoacetic acid is classified as a non-essential amino acid, as the human body can synthesize it from other amino acids.
Aminoacetic acid plays a vital role as a building block for proteins, forming peptide bonds between amino acids in protein chains.
As a neurotransmitter, Aminoacetic acid serves as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.

Aminoacetic acid helps regulate brain and spinal cord activity, contributing to motor control and sensory perception.
Aminoacetic acid is often used as a supplement in the form of Aminoacetic acid powder or capsules for its potential health benefits.
Aminoacetic acid is involved in the synthesis of creatine, an essential compound for energy production in muscle cells.
Aminoacetic acid is known for its sweet taste, which is used as a flavor enhancer in the food industry.

In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as a stabilizer and buffering agent in drug formulations.
The cosmetic industry utilizes Aminoacetic acid in skincare products for its hydrating and anti-aging properties.
Aminoacetic acid is a critical component in the production of gelatin, which finds use in foods, pharmaceuticals, and photography.
Aminoacetic acid is often added to pet food to enhance palatability and as a source of nitrogen for pets.
In agriculture, it is used as a foliar fertilizer to provide plants with essential nutrients.

As a biologically important molecule, Aminoacetic acid is involved in various metabolic processes.
Aminoacetic acid aids in the synthesis of porphyrins, which are essential for hemoglobin and chlorophyll production.

Aminoacetic acid's small size and lack of a chiral center make it a versatile building block in organic chemistry.
Aminoacetic acid is used in the preparation of peptides, pharmaceuticals, and specialty chemicals.
Aminoacetic acid exhibits unique physical properties, such as high solubility in water and low toxicity.

Aminoacetic acid is considered one of the "branched-chain amino acids" and is essential for collagen formation.
In laboratory research, Aminoacetic acid is often used as a buffer to control pH in biological experiments.
Aminoacetic acid is a component of some antacid medications due to its buffering capacity.
Overall, Aminoacetic acid's diverse properties and functions make it a fundamental compound in biology, chemistry, and various industries.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C2H5NO2
Molecular Weight: 75.07 g/mol
Chemical Structure: Aminoacetic acid has a simple chemical structure with an amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to the same carbon atom.
Physical State: Aminoacetic acid exists as a white, crystalline solid at room temperature.
Solubility: It is highly soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol and other organic solvents.
Melting Point: Aminoacetic acid has a melting point of approximately 240°C (464°F).
Boiling Point: It decomposes before reaching its boiling point.
Odor: Aminoacetic acid is odorless.
Taste: It has a sweet taste.
Color: Aminoacetic acid typically appears as a white, colorless solid.
Density: The density of Aminoacetic acid is approximately 1.6 g/cm³.
pH Level: A Aminoacetic acid solution is slightly acidic in nature with a pH around 2.34 at room temperature when fully ionized.
Hygroscopicity: Aminoacetic acid is hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the air.
Stability: Aminoacetic acid is stable under normal conditions but can decompose at high temperatures.
Optical Activity: Aminoacetic acid is optically inactive because it lacks a chiral center.
Heat of Combustion: The heat of combustion of Aminoacetic acid is approximately 10.2 kJ/g.
Reactivity: Aminoacetic acid is a non-reactive compound under typical conditions.
Toxicity: Aminoacetic acid is considered non-toxic and safe for consumption.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Aminoacetic acid dust or aerosol is inhaled, immediately remove the affected person from the contaminated area to a well-ventilated space.
If the person experiences difficulty breathing, seek medical attention promptly.
Provide oxygen if breathing difficulties persist.
If the individual loses consciousness, administer CPR and call for emergency medical assistance.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact with Aminoacetic acid, promptly remove contaminated clothing and jewelry.
Wash the affected skin area with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes.
Use a mild soap if available to help remove any residual Aminoacetic acid.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or other adverse skin reactions occur.


Eye Contact:

If Aminoacetic acid comes into contact with the eyes, rinse the affected eye(s) immediately with gently flowing lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. Ensure thorough flushing under the eyelids.
Hold the eyelids open during flushing to facilitate removal of the chemical.
Contact an eye specialist or seek medical attention to assess any eye damage or irritation.


Ingestion:

If Aminoacetic acid is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by a healthcare professional.
Rinse the mouth with water and drink plenty of water to help dilute the chemical.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center for guidance.
If the person experiences symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, severe abdominal pain, or altered consciousness, do not delay medical assistance.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Protective Equipment: When handling Aminoacetic acid, wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including safety goggles, gloves, a lab coat, and suitable footwear.

Ventilation: Work in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation systems to minimize dust exposure.

Avoid Inhalation: Avoid breathing dust, vapors, or aerosols of Aminoacetic acid. Use a dust mask or respirator with the appropriate filter if necessary.

Prevent Skin Contact:
Prevent skin contact by wearing chemical-resistant gloves and suitable protective clothing.

Eye Protection:
Wear safety goggles or a face shield to protect against potential eye contact.

Avoid Ingestion:
Do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas where Aminoacetic acid is handled.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spills and Leaks:
Clean up spills immediately to prevent contamination.
Use appropriate absorbent materials and dispose of them properly.

Tools and Equipment:
Ensure that all laboratory or industrial tools and equipment used with Aminoacetic acid are clean and in good working order to prevent accidents or contamination.

Hygiene:
Practice good personal hygiene, including regular handwashing, after handling Aminoacetic acid.


Storage:

Storage Area:
Store Aminoacetic acid in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and incompatible materials.

Temperature:
Maintain storage temperatures within the recommended range, typically at or below room temperature.

Containers:
Store Aminoacetic acid in tightly sealed containers, such as bottles, drums, or bags, to prevent moisture absorption and contamination.

Separation:
Store Aminoacetic acid away from strong oxidizing agents, acids, and bases, as it may react with them.

Labeling:
Clearly label storage containers with the product name, hazard information, and handling precautions.

Accessibility:
Ensure that Aminoacetic acid is stored in a location accessible only to trained and authorized personnel.

Incompatible Materials:
Avoid storing Aminoacetic acid near incompatible chemicals or substances to prevent potential reactions.



SYNONYMS


Glycocoll
Aminoethanoic acid
Aminoacetic acid
Glycolixir
Glycosthene
Aminoacetic acid Pharma brand of aminoacetic acid
Aminoacetic acid, compound with carbonic acid (1:1)
Kyselina glycinova
Aminoessigsaeure
Aminoacetic acid
Aminoethanoic acid
Aminoacetic acid gel brand of aminoacetic acid
Acetic acid, amino-
Amidocetic acid
Aminoacetate
Aminoacetic acid hydrochloride
Glycinum
Glisin
Aminoessigsaeure
Leimzucker
Monazoline
Norvaline
Trolamine
Pesticol
Aminoethanoate
Glycocollum
Glycosthen
Glicina
Aminoethanoate
Glicin
Glycocin
Glycinium
Glykokoll
Glykolsaeureamin
Glyzine
Kyselina glycinova
Glicin [Czech]
Aminoacetic acid carbonate (1:1)
Aminoacetic acid, ammonium salt
Aminoacetic acid amide
Aminoacetic acid betaine
Aminoacetic acid hydroxide
Aminoacetic acid, barium salt
Aminoacetic acid, calcium salt
Aminoacetic acid, copper(2+) salt
Aminoacetic acid, iron salt
Aminoacetic acid, lead salt
Aminoacetic acid, lithium salt
Aminoacetic acid, magnesium salt
Aminoacetic acid, manganese(2+) salt
AMINOCYCLOHEXANE
AMINOCYCLOHEXANE = CYCLOHEXYLAMINE = CHA


CAS Number: 108-91-8
EC Number: 203-629-0
MDL number: MFCD00001486
Molecular Formula: C6H13N or C6H11NH2


Aminocyclohexane appears as a clear colorless to yellow liquid with an odor of ammonia.
Aminocyclohexane's Flash point is 90 °F.
Aminocyclohexane is less dense than water.
Aminocyclohexane's vapors heavier than air.


Aminocyclohexane is a primary aliphatic amine consisting of cyclohexane carrying an amino substituent.
Aminocyclohexane is a conjugate base of a cyclohexylammonium.
Aminocyclohexane is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum asiaticum with data available.
Aminocyclohexane is an organic compound, belonging to the aliphatic amine class.


Aminocyclohexane is a colorless liquid, although, like many amines, samples are often colored due to contaminants.
Aminocyclohexane has a fishy odor and is miscible with water.
Like other amines, Aminocyclohexane is a weak base, compared to strong bases such as NaOH, but it is a stronger base than its aromatic analog, aniline.
Aminocyclohexane is used as an intermediate in synthesis of other organic compounds.


Aminocyclohexane is the precursor to sulfenamide-based reagents used as accelerators for vulcanization.
Aminocyclohexane is a building block for pharmaceuticals (e.g., mucolytics, analgesics, and bronchodilators).
The amine itself is an effective corrosion inhibitor.
The herbicide hexazinone and the anesthetic hexylcaine are derived from cyclohexylamine.


Aminocyclohexane is colorless or yellow liquid with a strong, fishy, amine-like odor.
Aminocyclohexane is Colorless to pale yellow clear liquid, no visible impurities.
Aminocyclohexane has strange odor.
Aminocyclohexane is a strong organic caustic liquid, It can form azeotrope with water at 96.40°C, miscible with a lot of organic solvents.


Aminocyclohexane is colorless or light yellow liquid. Aminocyclohexane has fishy smell.
Aminocyclohexane is strong alkaline, soluble in water, ethanol, ether, acetone, esters, hydrocarbons and other organic reagents.
Aminocyclohexane is by high thermal decomposition.
Aminocyclohexane is a colorless transparent liquid with strong fishy and ammonia odor.


Aminocyclohexane is soluble in water, with ethanol, ether, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform, heptane, benzene and other general organic solvents miscible.
Aminocyclohexane can volatilize with water vapor.
Aminocyclohexane can absorb carbon dioxide in the air, the formation of white crystalline carbonate.


Aminocyclohexane is an azeotrope is formed with water, with a azeotropic point of 96.4 °c and a water content of 55.8%.
Aminocyclohexane's the aqueous solution is alkaline. 0.01% concentration of aqueous solution pH = 10.5.
Aminocyclohexane appears as a clear colorless to yellow liquid with an odor of ammonia.
Aminocyclohexane's flash point is 90°F.


Aminocyclohexane is an intermediate of the herbicide cycloazinone, and also an intermediate of rubber accelerator, petroleum additive and corrosion inhibitor.
Aminocyclohexane is a food contaminant arising from its use as a boiler water additive Cyclohexylamine, also called hexahydroaniline, 1-aminocyclohexane, or aminohexahydrobenzene, is an organic chemical, an amine derived from cyclohexane.


Aminocyclohexane is a clear to yellowish liquid with fishy odor, with melting point of 17.7 °C and boiling point 134.5 °C, miscible with water.
Like other amines, Aminocyclohexane is of mildly alkaline nature, compared to strong bases such as NaOH, but it is a stronger base than its aromatic sister compound aniline, which differs only in that its ring is aromatic.


Aminocyclohexane is with flash point at 28.6 °C.
Aminocyclohexane readily absorbs through skin.
Aminocyclohexane is clear colorless to pale yellow liquid with an amine-like odor, no visible impurities.
Aminocyclohexane is a strong organic caustic liquid.


Aminocyclohexane can form azeotrope with water at 96.40 deg C. b.p.: 134.5 deg C, specific wt. (d2525 deg C) 0.8647, freezing point:-18 deg C, flash point: 90 deg F (open cup).
Aminocyclohexane is miscible with water and all common organic solvents.
Aminocyclohexane is an important organic chemical raw material.


Aminocyclohexane belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cyclohexylamines.
These are organic compounds containing a cyclohexylamine moiety, which consist of a cyclohexane ring attached to an amine group.
Aminocyclohexane, also called hexahydroaniline, 1-aminocyclohexane, or aminohexahydrobenzene, is an organic chemical, an amine derived from cyclohexane.


Aminocyclohexane is a clear to yellowish liquid with fishy odor, with melting point of −17.7 °C and boiling point 134.5 °C, miscible with water.
Like other amines, Aminocyclohexane is of mildly alkaline nature, compared to strong bases such as NaOH, but it is a stronger base than its aromatic sister compound aniline, which differs only in that its ring is aromatic.


Aminocyclohexane is a colorless organic liquid having a substituent of an amine group.
Aminocyclohexane is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
Aminocyclohexane (CAS Number: 108-91-8) is an organic amine, which belongs to the aliphatic amine class that has a fishy odor and is miscible with water.


Aminocyclohexane is a colorless liquid, even though, alike various amines, the compound is often colored due to contaminants.
Aminocyclohexane contains a fishy odor and is miscible with water.
Like other amines, Aminocyclohexane is a weak base, related to strong base such as NaOH, but it is a stronger base than its aromatic analog, aniline.
Aminocyclohexane is an organic compound of the aliphatic amine group, also known as cyclohexane amine.


The chemical formula of this colorless liquid, Aminocyclohexane, is C3H13N.
However, like other amines, Aminocyclohexane may appear colored due to the presence of contaminants.
Aminocyclohexane smells like fish and can be mixed with water and other organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers, ketones and aliphatic and aromatic esters.


Aminocyclohexane was introduced in 1893 but was not used economically in the United States until 1936.
But today Aminocyclohexane is one of the most highly produced chemicals in the chemical industry and has an annual production of over one million in the United States.
According to reports published in 2016, Asia, especially China, accounts for about 65% of total global capacity.


Due to the increasing demand for nylon, the demand for Aminocyclohexane has been growing.
After China, Japan and Taiwan are also known as the largest producers of Aminocyclohexane, which accounted for 80% of total global production in 2016.
Aminocyclohexanes, like other amines, are weak bases compared to strong bases such as sodium hydroxide.


Although aniline and cyclohexyl amine both have the NH2 group and a hexagonal carbon ring, the difference in the base strength of the two substances can be attributed to their structure.
And because of this, the chemical is weaker than aniline.
Aminocyclohexane is a useful intermediate in the production of many other organic compounds.
Aminocyclohexane is a metabolite of cyclamate.


Aminocyclohexane is a building block for pharmaceuticals (e.g., mucolytics, analgesics, and bronchodilators).
Aminocyclohexane (C6H13N) belongs to the class of amine.
Aminocyclohexane is a colorless liquid with fishy odor and is readily soluble in water.
Aminocyclohexane inhibits corrosion, acts as an artificial sweetener and is used in metal working fluids.


Several industries take advantage of the uses of Aminocyclohexane, few of them are.
Aminocyclohexane molecule consists of 13 Hydrogen atom(s), 6 Carbon atom(s) and 1 Nitrogen atom(s) - a total of 20 atom(s).
The molecular weight of Aminocyclohexane is determined by the sum of the atomic weights of each constituent element multiplied by the number of atoms, which is calculated to be: 99.17412⋅gmol



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
Aminocyclohexane has been used as a flushing aid in the printing ink industry.
Aminocyclohexane is a useful intermediate in the production of many other organic compounds (e.g. cyclamate)
Aminocyclohexane is used For the synthesis of desulfurizers, corrosion inhibitors, vulcanization promoters, emulsifiers, antistatic agents, latex coagulants, petroleum product additives, corrosion inhibitors, fungicides, pesticides and so on.


Aminocyclohexane is the raw material of food additive sweetener: Aminocyclohexane can be used to produce cyclohexylamine sulfonate and sodium cyclamate, which is a sweetener 30 times sweeter than sucrose.
The product name is cyclamate.
Aminocyclohexane is used as a boiler feed water pH regulator.


Aminocyclohexane is mainly used for producing (Beet) molasses, cyclone, amide, nylon 6,cellulose acetate and rubber accelerator, sweetening agent, the agent for preventing corrode, emulsion, antiseptic, antistatic agent, latex cement, oil additive, germicide, pesticide and dyestuff medium, etc.
Aminocyclohexane (Glipizide EP Impurity B) is a building block for pharmaceuticals that has been used for the preparation of paromomycin analogs to be used as aminogycoside antibiotics.


Aminocyclohexane is used Chemical synthesis, Crop Protection, Explosives, Hardener and crosslinking agents for polymeres, Industrial water, Lubricants and oils, Manufacturing of diabetics, Manufacturing of dyestuffs, Manufacturing of herbicides, Manufacturing of insecticides / acaricides, Manufacturing of pharmaceutical agents, Manufacturing of pigments, Manufacturing of sweeteners, Manufacturing of textile dyestuffs, Manufacturing of textiles dyestuffs, Petroleum, Pigments, Polymer auxiliaries, Polymerisation initiator, Stabilizers for explosives, and Textile dyestuffs.


Aminocyclohexane is used raw material for producing desulfurization agent, boiler corrosion inhibitors,boiler water treatment, vulcanization accelerator, emulsifier, antistatic agent, latex coagulant, oil product additives, corrosion resistance agents, fungicides, pesticides and so on.
Aminocyclohexane is used in the manufacture of reactive dyes, softeners VS and pharmaceuticals, and can also be used in pharmaceuticals and pesticides.


Aminocyclohexane is a volatile substance, and it can easily reach the whole system after dosing.
If the pH is lower than 8.5, the effect of the Aminocyclohexane treatment is disadvantageous.
Aminocyclohexane is used as rust inhibitor, production of anti-rust paper, Clearing agent, Antifreeze, antistatic agents (Textile Auxiliaries), latex coagulants and additives for petroleum products.


Aminocyclohexane is used due to the alkalinity of cyclohexylamine aqueous solution, it can be used as an absorbent for CO2 removal and sulfur dioxide removal.
Aminocyclohexane is used in the manufacture of reactive dyes, softeners VS and medicine Crestor thionite, and so on, can also be used in medicine, pesticide.


Aminocyclohexane itself as a solvent, can be used in resin, coating, fat, paraffin oil applications.
Aminocyclohexane can also be used for the preparation of desulfurizer, rubber antioxidant, vulcanization accelerator, plastic and textile chemical additives, boiler water treatment agent, metal corrosion inhibitor, emulsifier, preservative, antistatic agent, latex coagulant, petroleum additive, bactericide, pesticide and dye intermediates.


Sulfonates of Aminocyclohexane are used in food, beverage, and medicine as an artificial flavor.
Aminocyclohexane is used in organic synthesis, plastic synthesis, also as preservatives and acid gas absorbents intermediates for the production of water treatment chemicals, artificial sweeteners, rubber processing chemicals and agrochemicals.
Aminocyclohexane is used acid gas absorbent, organic synthesis.


Aminocyclohexane is used to prepare cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, caprolactam, cellulose acetate and Nylon 6, etc.
Aminocyclohexane is mainly used as an intermediate for organic synthesis, especially for herbicides, antioxidants&vulcanization accelerator, corrosion inhibitors, artificial sweetener etc.
Aminocyclohexane is also used to make rubber accelerator CZ and sweet-element.


Additionally, Aminocyclohexane also can be used to make cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, emulsifying agent, preservative, antistatic agent, gelling agent, and petroleum additive.
Aminocyclohexane is used corrosion inhibitors; dye intermediate; emulsifying agent; organic syntheses; paint film solvent; petroleum additive.
Aminocyclohexane is typically used as an intermediate in synthesis for different herbicides, antioxidants and pharmaceuticals.


Aminocyclohexane is used as an intermediate in synthesis of some herbicides, antioxidants, accelerators for vulcanization, pharmaceuticals (eg. mucolytics, analgesics, and bronchodilators, corrosion inhibitors, some sweeteners (notably cyclamate), etc.
Aminocyclohexane is used in low-pressure boilers where the condensate works for a longer period of time.
Aminocyclohexane can remain along with condensate steam at various steam pressures which cannot be done with other neutralizing amines.


Aminocyclohexane is a metabolite of cyclamate and has been found to be useful in production of other organic compounds.
Aminocyclohexane is used especially for the industrial water treatment, for the production of cure accelerator, for the manufacturing of synthetic sweeteners and in a rubber industry for the production of vulcanization accelerators.
On the basis of end user demands and desires, industrial Aminocyclohexane can be utilized for various respective applications for various respective industries like agriculture, rubber, food, oil, pharma, petroleum and textile industries.


Aminocyclohexane is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
The primary use of Aminocyclohexane is as a corrosion inhibitor in boiler water treatment and in oil field applications (HSDB 1989).
Aminocyclohexane is also a chemical intermediate for rubber processing chemicals, dyes (acid blue 62, former use), cyclamate artificial sweeteners and herbicides and a processing agent for nylon fiber production.


Aminocyclohexane is also known as Aminohexahydrobenzene, Hexahydroaniline, Hexahydrobenzenamine, Cyclohexanamine - used in applications such as pharmaceuticals, corrosion inhibitor, oil field production, rubber chemicals, boiler water treatments.
Aminocyclohexane is used Nylon production, as a solvent, oil extractant, paint and varnish remover, dry cleaning material, as an insecticide, and as a chemical intermediate to product target molecules.


Aminocyclohexane is used in the manufacture of a number of products, including plasticizers, drycleaning soaps, insecticides, and emulsifying agents.
Aminocyclohexane is used in organic synthesis, manufacture of insecticides, plasticizers, corrosion inhibitors, rubber chemicals, dyestuffs, emulsifying agents, dry-cleaning soaps, acid gas absorbents.


Aminocyclohexane is used primarily as corrosion inhibitor and vulcanization accelerator.
Alone or mixed with other compounds, it has an anticorrosive action, for example, when used as an additive in heating oil or in the operation of steam boilers.
Aminocyclohexane functions as a hardener for epoxy resins and as a catalyst for polyurethanes.


Sodium cyclohexylsulfamate and calcium cyclohexylsulfamate (cyclamates) are important artificial sweeteners.
In polyamide polymerizations, Aminocyclohexane is employed as chain terminator to control the molecular mass.
Aminocyclohexane has application as an intermediate in synthesis of other organic compounds.
Pharmaceuticals industry suppliers buy Aminocyclohexane as a major chemical for mucolytics, analgesics, and bronchodilators.


Aminocyclohexane is the precursor to sulfenamide-based reagents employed as accelerators for vulcanization.
Aminocyclohexane is an effective corrosion inhibitor.
Aminocyclohexane is also used as certain sweeteners which are taken from this amine, particularly cyclamate.
People buy Aminocyclohexane as it is derived as herbicide from hexazinone and the anesthetic hexylcaine.


Aminocyclohexane is also used pharmaceutical, water treatment, and rubber chemical
Aminocyclohexane is used as an intermediate in synthesis of other organic compounds.
Aminocyclohexane is also used as a corrosion inhibitor and in organic synthesis.
Aminocyclohexane is used as rubber vulcanization accelerator, also used as synthetic fiber, dye, vapor phase corrosion inhibitor raw material.


Aminocyclohexane is the precursor to sulfenamide-based reagents used as accelerators for vulcanization.
Aminocyclohexane itself is an effective corrosion inhibitor.
Some sweeteners are derived from this amine, notably cyclamate.
The herbicide hexazinone is derived from Aminocyclohexane.


-Application Areas OF Aminocyclohexane:
*Agriculture
*Manufacture of Herbicides, Insecticides, Pesticides
*Catalysis & Chemicals Processing
*Chemical Synthesis Reactions
*Dyes, Pigments, Textiles
*Hardener & Cross Linking Polymers
*Industrial Water Treatment
*Polymer Auxiliaries
*Lubricants & Oils
*Petroleum
*Stabilizers for Explosives
*Polymerization Initiator


-Applications of Aminocyclohexane include the following:
*Pharmaceutical industry: Production of analgesics
*Agricultural Industries: Production of some herbicides
*Oil and gas industry:The compound mediates the synthesis of many organic compounds
*Inhibitor against corrosion and sediment
*Neutralizing raw material
*Water purifiers for boilers
*Petroleum products additive
*Cosmetics industry: as raw materials for the production of some perfumes
*Printing and dyeing industries: as a solvent
*Water and wastewater treatment
*Production of PVC adhesive



MAIN PURPOSE OF AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
Aminocyclohexane can be used as raw material of surfactant to produce cyclohexylbenzene sulfonate, used as emulsifier and foaming agent;
perfume raw materials to produce allyl cyclohexyl propionate;
Dye raw materials to produce acid blue 62, disperse fluorescent yellow, disperse fluorescent yellow H5GL, weak acid blue BRN, Disperse Blue 6 and dye auxiliaries;

The raw material of food additive sweet material;
Cyclohexylamine can be used to produce cyclohexylamine sulfonate and sodium cyclamate, which is a sweetener 30 times higher than sucrose sweetness,
raw materials for pesticides, pesticides used in the production of fruit trees "acaraptor", herbicide Wilber and fungicides;
Additives used in the preparation of petroleum products, boiler water treatment agents and corrosion inhibitors;
raw material of rubber vulcanization accelerator to produce thiazole vulcanization accelerator CZ, which has excellent vulcanization performance and is especially suitable for SBR and FDA rubber.



KEY FEATURES AND BENEFITS of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
*Condensate line treatment
*Prevent of carbon dioxide corrosion
*Prevents formation of carbonic acid in boiler steam system
*Does not add to TDS of boiler water
*Completely volatile



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
*Organopnictogen compounds
*Monoalkylamines
*Hydrocarbon derivatives



SUBSTITUENTS of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
*Cyclohexylamine
*Organopnictogen compound
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Primary amine
*Primary aliphatic amine
*Amine
*Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound



PREPARATION of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
Cyclohexylamine is produced by two routes, the main one being the complete hydrogenation of aniline using some cobalt- or nickel-based catalysts:
C6H5NH2 + 3 H2 → C6H11NH2
It is also prepared by alkylation of ammonia using cyclohexanone.

Aminocyclohexane is obtained by catalytic reduction of aniline at high temperature and high pressure using nickel or cobalt as a catalyst.
Aminocyclohexane is also possible to obtain cyclohexanol by catalytic reduction of phenol, which is oxidized to cyclohexanone, and then aminated with ammonia to obtain cyclohexylamine.
Cyclohexylamine can be catalyzed by aniline at high temperature and high pressure (nickel or cobalt) reduction to produce cyclohexylamine product; Can also be obtained from phenol by catalytic reduction of cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone as raw materials, and ammonia amination.

Aminocyclohexane is obtained by catalytic hydrogenation of aniline, and can be divided into atmospheric pressure method and pressure method.
In addition, cyclohexylamine can be obtained by catalytic aminolysis of cyclohexane or cyclohexanol, reduction of nitrocyclohexane, and catalytic aminolysis of cyclohexanone in the presence of hydrogen.
The preparation method is obtained by using aniline as a raw material through catalytic hydrogenation.

The aniline vapor is mixed with hydrogen and then enters the catalytic reactor, and the hydrogenation reaction is carried out at 130~170 ° C. In the presence of cobalt catalyst.
After cooling, the product is distilled to obtain a finished product.



REACTIONS of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
Aminocyclohexane reacts with chlorine to form N,N-dichlorocyclohexylamine.
N-Cyclohexylidenecyclohexylamine reacts with chloramine to give 1-cyclohexyl-3,3-pentamethylenediaziridine, which can be hydrolyzed to give cyclohexylhydrazine .
Aminocyclohexane and formaldehyde together react with peracetic acid to give 2-cyclohexyloxaziridine.
In addition to using alkyl halides, alkyl sulfates, or alkyl phosphates, Aminocyclohexane can be alkylated with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, such as aluminum oxide, copper, nickel, cobalt, or platinum, or by the Leuckart – Wallach method.



PRODUCTION METHODS of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
Aminocyclohexane is produced by the reaction of ammonia and cyclohexanol at elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of a silica-alumina catalyst (SRI 1985).
Aminocyclohexane is also prepared by a similar process of catalytic hydrogenation of aniline at elevated temperature and pressure.
Fractionation of the product of this reaction yields CHA, aniline, and a high-boiling residue containing n-phenylcyclohexylamine and dicyclohexylamine.
In 1982, U.S. production was 4.54 metric tons and 739.3 metric tons were imported into the U.S..

There are 2 methods of producing Aminocyclohexane.
Aminocyclohexane is traditionally produced by the amination of cyclohexanol or cyclohexanone.
Aminocyclohexane suppliers used this method of production which is by the catalytic hydrogenation of aniline.
When ruthenium catalyst is in contact with the hydrogen pressure and in the presence of around one to about 8 parts by weight of ammonia, aniline is hydrogenated under an absolute pressure from about 2 to about 5 MPa at a temperature of from about 160° to about 180° C.
The yields are high and with a minimum of byproducts result.
The catalyst can be recycled.

Aminocyclohexane is produced using two methods.
These processes include:
Hydrogenation of aniline in the presence of cobalt or nickel as catalyst:
C6H5NH2 + 3H2 -> C6H11NH2



PURIFICATION METHODS of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
Dry the amine with CaCl2 or LiAlH4, then distil it from BaO, KOH or Na, under N2.
Also purify it by conversion to the hydrochloride (which is crystallised several times from water), then liberation of the amine with alkali and fractional distillation under N2.
The hydrochloride has m 205-207o (dioxane/EtOH).



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
Molecular Weight: 99.17
XLogP3: 1.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 99.104799419
Monoisotopic Mass: 99.104799419
Topological Polar Surface Area: 26 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 7
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 46.1
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Chemical formula: C6H13N
Molar mass: 99.17
Appearance: clear to yellowish liquid
Odor: strong, fishy, amine odor
Density: 0.8647 g/cm3
Melting point: −17.7 °C (0.1 °F; 255.5 K)
Boiling point: 134.5 °C (274.1 °F; 407.6 K)
Solubility in water: Miscible
Solubility: very soluble in ethanol, oil
miscible in ethers, acetone, esters, alcohol, ketones
Vapor pressure: 11 mmHg (20° C)
Acidity (pKa): 10.64[3]
Refractive index (nD): 1.4565


Appearance Form: liquid
Color: light yellow
Odor: amine-like
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: 11,5 at 100 g/l at 20 °C
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -17 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 134 °C - lit.
Flash point: 27 °C - closed cup
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 9,4 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 1,6 %(V)
Vapor pressure: 30,66 hPa at 37,7 °C 13,33 hPa at 22 °C
Vapor density: 3,42 - (Air = 1.0)

Density. 0,867 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: 0,86 at 25 °C
Water solubility at 20 °C: completely miscible
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
log Pow: 3,7 at 25 °C
Autoignition temperature: 293 °C
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 2,1 mPa.s at 20 °C
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information:
Surface tension: 68,8 mN/m at 1g/l at 20 °C
Dissociation constant: 10,68 at 25 °C
Relative vapor density: 3,42 - (Air = 1.0)


Relative Density: 0.8647(25/25℃)
BP: 134.5°C
Flash Point (open): 1.4585
Melting Point: -17~-18℃
Refractive Index: 1.4585
Molecular Formula: C6H13N
Molar Mass: 99.17
Density: 0.867g/mLat 25°C(lit.)
Melting Point: -17 °C
Boling Point: 134°C(lit.)
Flash Point: 90°F
Water Solubility: MISCIBLE
Solubility: organic solvents: miscible
Vapor Presure: 10 mm Hg ( 22 °C)
Vapor Density: 3.42 (vs air)
Appearance: Liquid
Color: Clear

Exposure Limit: TLV-TWA 10 ppm (~40 mg/m3) (ACGIH).
Merck: 14,2729
BRN: 471175
pKa: 10.66(at 24℃)
PH: 11.5 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Storage Condition: Store below +30°C.
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
Explosive Limit: 1.6-9.4%(V)
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.459(lit.)
Melting Point: -17.7 ℃ Boiling Point: 134.5 ℃
relative density (water = 1): 0.86
saturated vapor pressure: (kpa) 1.17(25 ℃)
refractive index: 1.4585
solubility: soluble in water, miscible in most organic solvents


Density: 0.865 g/mL
Molar volume: 114.7 mL/mol
Refractive index: 1.459
Molecular refractive power: 31.35 mL/mol
Dielectric constant: 4.43
Dipole moment: 1.31 D
Melting point: -18 °C
Boiling point: 134 °C
Vapour pressure: 1 Torr
Surface tension: 31.54 dyn/cm
Critical pressure: 4.2 atm
Solubility in water: 100 % w/w
Solubility of water: 100 % w/w
Log10 partition octanol / water: 1.49
Hildebrant solubility parameter (δ): 9.2
Hansen solubility parameter: δd: 8.5 (cal/ml)^0.5 δp: 1.5 (cal/ml)^0.5 δh: 3.2 (cal/ml)^0.5


Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.86700 to 0.86900 @ 20.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.223 to 7.239
Refractive Index: 1.45800 to 1.46000 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -17.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 134.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 10.000000 mmHg @ 22.00 °C.
Vapor Density: 3.42 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 81.00 °F. TCC ( 27.22 °C. )
logP (o/w): 1.490
Soluble in: water, 1000000 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp)



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed
If swallowed:
Give water to drink (two glasses at most).
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
-Environmental precautions
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Use tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Viton
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 120 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
-Precautions for safe handling
*Hygiene measures
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.

-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well ventilated place.
Handle under inert gas.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMINOCYCLOHEXANE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .



SYNONYMS:
Cyclohexanamine
Other names
Aminocyclohexane
Aminohexahydrobenzene
Hexahydroaniline
Hexahydrobenzenamine
CYCLOHEXYLAMINE
Cyclohexanamine
108-91-8
Aminocyclohexane
Hexahydroaniline
Hexahydrobenzenamine
Aminohexahydrobenzene
Cyclohexyl amine
1-Cyclohexylamine
1-Aminocyclohexane
Aniline, hexahydro-
Benzenamine, hexahydro-
Aminocylcohexane
Cyclohexylamines
cyclohexyl-amine
1-AMINO-CYCLOHEXANE
CCRIS 3645
HSDB 918
cyclohexaneamine
UNII-I6GH4W7AEG
Cyclohexylamine.HCl
I6GH4W7AEG
157973-60-9
CHEBI:15773
MFCD00001486
Cyclohexylamine
DSSTox_CID_3996
DSSTox_RID_77250
DSSTox_GSID_23996
CAS-108-91-8
HAI
EINECS 203-629-0
UN2357
BRN 0471175
cylohexylamine
cyclohexylarnine
cyclo-hexylamine
AI3-15323
cyclohexane-amine
n-cyclohexylamine
cyclohexanyl amine
Hexahydro-Aniline
monocyclohexylamine
4-Cyclohexylamine
Cyclohexylamine,(S)
Hexahydro-Benzenamine
Cyclohexanamine, 9CI
CyNH2
Cyclohexylamine
Cyclohexylamine, 99.5%
bmse000451
EC 203-629-0
CYCLOHEXYLAMINE
4-12-00-00008
BIDD:ER0290
CYCLOHEXYLAMINE
GTPL5507
CHEMBL1794762
DTXSID1023996
BDBM81970
BCP30928
Tox21_202380
Tox21_300038
STK387114
ZINC12358775
AKOS000119083
Cyclohexylamine, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
UN 2357
VS-0326
Aminocyclohexane pound>>Hexahydroaniline
NCGC00247889-01
NCGC00247889-02
NCGC00253922-01
NCGC00259929-01
AM802905
BP-21278
CAS_108-91-8
NCI60_004907
GLIPIZIDE IMPURITY B [EP IMPURITY]
Cyclohexylamine 1000 microg/mL in Methanol
Cyclohexylamine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99.9%
FT-0624217
C00571
J-002206
J-520164
Q1147539
F2190-0381
1-Aminocyclohexane
1-Cyclohexylamine
Aminocyclohexane
Aminohexahydrobenzene
Hexahydrobenzenamine
Biodur E 1
HY
Hexahydroaniline
Monocyclohexylamine
Glipizide EP Impurity B
CHA
Cyclohexylamine
cyclohexanamine
Aminocyclohexane
Hexahydroaniline
1-Cyclohexylamine
1-Aminocyclohexane
Aniline, hexahydro-
aminocyclohexane[qr]
Aminohexahydrobenzene
Benzenamine, hexahydro-
aminohexahydrobenzene[qr]
benzenamine,hexahydro-[qr]
Cyclohexanamine ChEBI
1-amino-CYCLOHEXANE
1-Aminocyclohexane
1-Cyclohexylamine
Aminocyclohexane
Aminocylcohexane
Aminohexahydrobenzene
CHA
Cyclohexanamine, 9ci
Cyclohexyl amine
Cyclohexylamine.HCL
HAI
hexahydro-Aniline
hexahydro-Benzenamine
Hexahydroaniline
Hexahydrobenzenamine
Cyclohexylamines
Aniline, hexahydro-
Benzenamine, hexahydro-
Hexahydroaniline
Hexahydrobenzenamine
1-Aminocyclohexane
1-Cyclohexylamine
Aminocyclohexane
Aminocylcohexane
Aminohexahydrobenzene
Cyclohexyl amine
HAI




AMINOETHYL PROPANEDIOL (AMP)
Nom INCI : AMINOETHYLAMINOPROPYL DIMETHICONE, Classification : Silicone, Ses fonctions (INCI): Anti Agglomérant : Permet d'assurer la fluidité des particules solides et de limiter leur agglomération dans des produits cosmétiques en poudre ou en masse dure
AMINOETHYLAMINOPROPYL DIMETHICONE
2-(2-Aminoethylamino)-Ethanol; N-hydroxyethyl-1,2-ethanediamine; N-hydroxyethylethylenediamine; N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine; 2-((aminoethyl)amino)ethanol; N-aminoethylethanolamine; 2-(2-AMINOETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL; AEEA; AMINOETHYETHANOLAMINE; AMINOETHYLETHANOLAMIN; AMINOETHYLETHANOLAMINE; HYDROXYETHYL-ETHYLENEDIAMINE; LABOTEST-BB LTBB000455; N-(2-AMINOETHYL)ETHANOLAMINE; N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)ETHANE DIAMINE; N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)ETHYLENEDIAMINE; N-AMINOETHYL ETHANOLAMINE; N-(B-AMINOETHYL)ETHANOLAMINE; N-B-HYDROXYETHYLETHYLENEDIAMINE; N-HYDROXYETHYL-1,2-ETHANEDIAMINE; (2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine; (2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine; (2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine[qr]; (amino-2ethyl)-2amino)ethanol; (beta-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine; (beta-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine[qr] CAS NO:111-41-1
AMINOETHYLETHANOLAMINE
N-(Aminoethyl)piperazine; Aminoethylpiperazine; 1-Piperazineethanamine; N-(��-Aminoethyl)piperazine; 2-Piperazinylethylamine; 1-Piperazineethylamine; 1-(2-Aminoethyl)piperazine; cas no: 140-31-8
AMINOETHYLETHANOLAMINE
AMINOETHYLETHANOLAMINE (AEEA) = N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)ETHYLENEDIAMINE

Aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA) is a single component product, with minimal ethylenediamine impurity.
Aminoethylethanolamine is water-soluble, clear, colorless, and slightly viscous.
An ammonia-like odor is typical of Aminoethylethanolamine.

CAS Number: 111-41-1
EC Number: 203-867-5
Molecular Weight: 104.15
Molecular Formula: C4H12N2O

Aminoethylethanolamine is member from the class of Ethyleneamines and is used in a broad array of applications.
Aminoethylethanolamine or AEEA is an organic base used in the industrial manufacture of fuel and oil additives, chelating agents, and surfactants.

Aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA) is a linear molecule with primary and secondary amine groups.
Aminoethylethanolamine is a colorless liquid, with slightly higher viscosity than EDA and DETA.

Aminoethylethanolamine is used as an intermediate in the fabrication of detergents, fabric softeners, chelates, fuel additives and coatings.
Aminoethylethanolamine is a linear member of the ethyleneamines family, at room temperature Aminoethylethanolamine is a clear, colorless, oily liquid with a weak ammonia-like odor.

Aminoethylethanolamine is water soluble, and Aminoethylethanolamine dilute solutions have an alkaline pH.
Aminoethylethanolamine is building block in the manufacture of specialty corrosion inhibitors.

Aminoethylethanolamine is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 to < 10 tonnes per annum.
Aminoethylethanolamine is used at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Aminoethylethanolamine appears as a clear colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor.
Aminoethylethanolamine is corrosive to tissue.

Aminoethylethanolamine is combustible, but may be difficult to ignite.
Aminoethylethanolamine is less dense than water.
Aminoethylethanolamine is used to make other chemicals.

Aminoethylethanolamine is also known as AEEA.
Aminoethylethanolamine is manily used in oil additives and surfactants.

The boiling point of Aminoethylethanolamine is 243 degree celsius and melting point is -28 degree celsius.
The molar mass of Aminoethylethanolamine is 104.15 g/mol.

The chemical formula of Aminoethylethanolamine is C4H12N2O.
Aminoethylethanolamine is a single component with having very less ethylethanolamine impurity.

Aminoethylethanolamine is a very clear and colourless liquid with ammonia like odor.
The CAS number of Aminoethylethanolamine is 111-41-1.

Aminoethylethanolamine is a clear colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor.
Aminoethylethanolamine is industrially produced in the process of the continuously hydrogenative amination of monoethylene glycol.

In the reaction mixture Aminoethylethanolamine is only yielded as a co-product of 6.8%.
The residual compounds of Aminoethylethanolamines are 3.4% of diethylene triamine, 7.0% of piperazine, 51.1% of ethylenediamine, 1.7% of diethanolamine and 30.0% of monoethanolamine.

Aminoethylethanolamine is water soluble, and Aminoethylethanolamine dilute solutions have an alkaline pH.
Aminoethylethanolamine is used in building block in the manufacture of specialty corrosion inhibitors.

Aminoethylethanolamine is member from the class of Ethyleneamines and is used in a broad array of applications.
Aminoethylethanolamine is a single-component product.

Aminoethylethanolamine is used in chelating agents, fabric softeners, lube oil & fuel additives, surfactants, textile additives, urethane chemicals.

Aminoethyl Ethanolamine is a hygroscopic liquid with a mild ammoniacal odor.
Aminoethylethanolamine is miscible with water, ethanol, and acetone, but immiscible with ether, benzene, and hexane.

Aminoethyl Ethanolamine is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of surfactants, sequestering agents, cationic textile softeners, antistatic agents, corrosion inhibitors, and insecticides.
Aminoethylethanolamine is also found in rubber products, resins, and certain medicinals.

Aminoethylethanolamine is a linear molecule with primary and secondary amine groups with chemical formula of C4H12N2O.
Aminoethylethanolamine is a hygroscopic liquid containing minimal ethylenediamine impurity.

Aminoethylethanolamine is also referred to as N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine, N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine, 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino], and N-(β-Hydroxyethyl)-Ethylenediamine.
Aminoethylethanolamine possesses mild ammonia-like odor.

Aminoethylethanolamine is a water-soluble, clear, colorless, and viscous liquid.
Aminoethylethanolamine is miscible with water, ethanol, and acetone, but immiscible with ether, benzene, and hexane.
Aminoethylethanolamine is widely used as an intermediate in the production of surfactants, sequestering agents, cationic textile softeners, antistatic agents, corrosion inhibitors, and insecticides.

Aminoethylethanolamine (CAS #000111-41- 1, 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-ethanol) is a single-component product, with minimal ethylenediamine impurity.
Aminoethylethanolamine typically has an ammonia-like odor and is water-soluble, clear, colorless, and slightly viscous.

Aminoethylethanolamine is a linear molecule with a C4H12N2O the chemical formula in the primary and secondary amine groups.
Aminoethylethanolamine is a hygroscopic liquid that contains minimal ethylenediamine impurity.

Aminoethylethanolamine is often referred to as N-(2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine, N-(2 hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine, 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amine] and N-(- -hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine.
Aminoethylethanolamine has a faint ammonia-like scent.

Aminoethylethanolamine is a water-soluble, clear, colorless, and viscous liquid.
Aminoethylethanolamine is miscible with ethanol, water, and acetone but is immiscible with ether, benzene, and hexane.

Aminoethylethanolamine, is a very polar compound and is difficult to analyze as Aminoethylethanolamine is often irreversibly adsorbed on most columns.

Aminoethylethanolamine reacts severely to acids.
Aminoethylethanolamine dissolve in water, ethanol, ether, hexane, acetone and benzene.
Aminoethylethanolamine absorbs the carbon dioxide in the air.

Aminoethylethanolamine is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 to < 10 tonnes per annum.
Aminoethylethanolamine is used at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Aminoethylethanolamine Market Outlook - 2021–2030:
The global aminoethylethanolamine market size was valued at $222.5 million in 2020, and is projected to reach $357.5 million by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 4.9% from 2021 to 2030.

Aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA) belongs to ethyleneamines group.
Aminoethylethanolamine is a clear chemical compound that is soluble in water and has ammonia odor.

Increasing trends for cleanliness have surged the demand for cleaners and surfactants where aminoethylethanolamine is used as a chelating agent to reduce the deposition of minerals from surfaces during the manufacturing process.
This may act as one of the key drivers answerable for the growth of the aminoethylethanolamine market.
Moreover, the increasing demand for industrial cleaning solutions among a wide range of industries, such as oil and gas, specialty chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and others, is providing an additional push to the growth of the aminoethylethanolamine market. All these factors collectively surge the demand for aminoethylethanolamine, thereby augmenting the global market growth.

However, aminoethylethanolamine is cited as a hazardous substance by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA).
Prolonged exposure to aminoethylethanolamine can cause several health-related disorders such as severe skin burns, eye damage, and irritation in the nose, throat, lungs, and asthma-like allergy.

Moreover, Aminoethylethanolamine may also cause permanent reproductive damage if exposed beyond the standard exposure limit.
This factor hampers the market growth.

On the contrary, aminoethylethanolamine possesses enhanced surface dynamic characteristics, such as flexible surface tension, enhanced surface enthalpy, entropy, and high absorption characteristics, that make Aminoethylethanolamine suitable for a wide range of applications.
Aminoethylethanolamine is increasingly used in the development of absorbents for CO2 removal applications in industries.

Moreover, characteristics, such as high absorption capacity and low energy costs, make Aminoethylethanolamine an excellent replacement for traditional tertiary amine solutions, such as methyl diethanolamine (MDEA), for absorbent manufacturing purposes.
Aminoethylethanolamine is a key factor that is anticipated to offer new opportunity in the global aminoethylethanolamine market.

The global aminoethylethanolamine market analysis is done on the basis of grade, application, and region.
Depending on grade, the market is divided into >99% and <99%.

The applications covered in the study include chelating agent, surfactants, textile additives, fabric softeners, lubricants, and others.
Region-wise, the market is analyzed across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA.

Aminoethylethanolamine market, by region:
The Asia-Pacific aminoethylethanolamine market size is projected to grow at the highest CAGR of 5.4% during the forecast period and accounted for 46.3% of aminoethylethanolamine market share in 2020.
The rise in demand for end-user industries, such as personal care, home care, and others, in China and India has surged the growth of the chemical manufacturing sectors where aminoethylethanolamine is used an intermediate for manufacturing solvents.

Aminoethylethanolamine market, by grade:
In 2020, the >99% segment was the largest revenue generator, and is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 5.0% during the forecast period.
Proliferating demand for both household and industrial surfactants where aminoethylethanolamine with more than 99% purity is widely used as a chelating agent to prevent the deposition of minerals on metal surfaces may propel the market growth.

Aminoethylethanolamine market, by application:
By application, the lubricant segment dominated the global market in 2020, and is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 5.0% during the forecast period.
The increasing demand for aminoethyl ethanolamine-based lubricants in the automotive sector is expected to drive the growth of the market.

For instance, according to a report published National Investment Promotion and Facilitation Agency, India’s passenger vehicle industry is expected to grow by 22%-25% in 2022.
This is projected to positively impact the growth of the aminoethyl ethanolamine market for lubricants.

Applications of Aminoethylethanolamine:
Aminoethylethanolamine is manufactured to be marketed as a chemical intermediate for the downstream manufacture of chemicals and products.
Aminoethylethanolamine has a variety of applications and is used in the production of fabric softener, textile additive, surfactants, chelating agents, lube oil and fuel additives and urethane chemicals.
Does not market aminoethylethanolamine directly for consumer use.

Other Applications:
Hardeners
Lubricant
Paint
Bath and Shower Products
Textile Auxiliary
Textile Softeners
Epoxy Coating
Fabric Softener
Urethane Catalysts
Hair care
Chelating agents
Lube oil and fuel additives
Surfactants
Textile additives
Urethane chemicals

Uses of Aminoethylethanolamine:
Aminoethylethanolamine is used as a by-product in the sectors of textile, leather and glue.
Aminoethylethanolamine is used as the raw material of surface activators.

Aminoethylethanolamine is used as a detergent admixture.
Aminoethylethanolamine is used as an admixture in shampoos and lubricants and a resin material.

Aminoethylethanolamine is used as a chemical intermediate, textile finishing compound, and additive to oils in metal cutting.
Aminoethylethanolamine is used to manufacture wet-adhesion additives for latex paints, in the manufacture of fabric softeners, fuel additives and lube oil additives.
Aminoethylethanolamine is an intermediate in the manufacture of chelating agents and surfactants.

Cleaning:
Aminoethylethanolamine is mainly used as building block for fabric softeners/surfactants, which make the textiles less harsh, “softer” or more pleasing to the touch.

Coatings:
For production of latex paints Aminoethylethanolamine acts as intermediate to form an adhesion monomer, which increases adhesion under damp conditions (wet adhesion).
Additionally, via the pendent amino and hydroxy functionalities, Aminoethylethanolamine is used in urethane systems

Fuels and Lubricants:
Aminoethylethanolamine is used in the production of chlorinated polybutene based fuel additives as a dispersant-detergent additive.

Other:
Aminoethylethanolamine is formulated as an intermediate to form polycarboxylic acids and their salts, and chelating agents.
In several additional applications Aminoethylethanolamine is used as building block for synthesis.

Uses at industrial sites
Aminoethylethanolamine is used in the following products: polymers.
Aminoethylethanolamine has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

Aminoethylethanolamine is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Aminoethylethanolamine can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and as processing aid.

Industry Uses:
Corrosion inhibitor
Intermediate
Intermediates
Laboratory chemicals
Processing aids not otherwise specified
Viscosity adjustors
pH regulating agent

Consumer Uses:
Viscosity adjustors

Other Uses:
Corrosion inhibitors
Wet-strength resins
Fabric softeners
Epoxy curing agents
Polyamide resins
Fuel additives
Lube oil additives
Asphalt additives
Ore flotation
Corrosion inhibitors
Ore flotation
Asphalt
Additives
Corrosion inhibitors
Epoxy curing agents
Hydrocarbon purification
Lube oil & fuel additives
Mineral processing aids
Polyamide resins
Surfactants
Textile additives- paper wet-strength Resins
Fabric softeners
Surfactants
Coatings
Urethanes
Fuel additives
Chemical intermediates
Epoxy curing agents
Lube oils
Wet strength resins

Uses Area of Aminoethylethanolamine:
Aminoethylethanolamine is used as a by-product in the sectors of textile, leather and glue.
Aminoethylethanolamine is used as the raw material of surface activators.

Aminoethylethanolamine is used as a detergent admixture.
Aminoethylethanolamine is used as an admixture in shampoos and lubricants and a resin material.

Aminoethylethanolamines have the combined physical and chemical characteristics of both alcohols and amines in one molecule, which makes them useful intermediates in the synthesis of various target molecules for the use in many diverse areas such as pharmaceutical, urethane catalysts, coatings, personal care, products, water treatments, corrosion inhibitors, and gas treating industries.
There are 1°, 2º or 3º nitrogen atom and one hydroxyl group at least in alkanolamines.

Aminoethylethanolamine react with inorganic acids carboxylic acids to form salts, soaps, esters, or amides.
Aminoethylethanolamine are used in both water- based and solvent-based coatings to enhance the solubility, reducibility, pigment dispersing and pH stability.
They are used in cathodic electrodeposition systems and as a catalyst for chain-extend.

Aminoethylethanolamine are used to prepare surface-active soaps through reaction with fatty acids.
Surface-active soaps are used commercially as a emulsifier, lubricants, detergents, pesticides and personal care products.

Aminoethylethanolamine maintain a constant alkalinity in the boiling water flows and condensate not to form solid products which would impede line flow.
This function of Aminoethylethanolamine is applied for corrosion Inhibits.
Aminoethylethanolamine are widely employed in the preparation of water soluble cationic flocculants and ion exchange resins which adsorb solid and colloidal particles by electrostatic attraction.

Aminoethylethanolamines are used for water treatment industry.
Aminoethylethanolamine and their derivatives are widely used as intermediates for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients such as procaine, antihistamines analgesics from N,N-dimethylethanolamine or N-methyldiethanolamine.

Aminoethylethanolamine are used to remove hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and CO2 gas from gas streams in natural and refinery gas operations.
Aminoethylethanolamine which has amine groups and hydroxyl group is used as an important intermediate for polymer condensation, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, paper chemicals, rubber chemicals, textile auxiliaries.
Aminoethylethanolamine is used to produce shampoo, cationic surfactants, antistatic agents and chelating agents.

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Metal Machining
Soldering
Semiconductor Manufacturing
Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing)

Benefits of Aminoethylethanolamine:
Consistent and predictable reaction products
Easily derivatized
Low vapor pressure
High viscosity
Low environmental impact
Suitable for harsh conditions
Low sensitivity
Versatile

Functions of Aminoethylethanolamine:
Raw Material,
Chemical Intermediate

History of Aminoethylethanolamine:
Air samples collected on tubes containing XAD-2 resin coated with NITC were received at SLTC along with a request for analysis for Aminoethylethanolamine.
Aminoethylethanolamine was collected on the same media used in OSHA Method 601, for diethylene triamine, so those extraction and analytical parameters were used as a starting point for Aminoethylethanolamine.

The Aminoethylethanolamine was found to readily derivatize with the NITC to form a stable derivative.
The mobile phase of 80:20 isooctane: isopropanol gave a separation for the Aminoethylethanolamine peak from interferences from the NITC.

The samples were extracted with dimethylformamide (DMF), with an extraction efficiency mean of 99.7% for the concentration range of 20.7 to 413 µg/tube.
The retention efficiency study showed no Aminoethylethanolamine on the back up section of the spiked tube or back up tube, for tubes spiked with 413.2 µg through which10-L humid air had been drawn.
The storage study showed no loss for samples stored for up to 14 days under both refrigerated and ambient conditions.

General Manufacturing Information of Aminoethylethanolamine:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Adhesive Manufacturing
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
Asphalt Paving, Roofing, and Coating Materials Manufacturing
Construction
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
Oil and Gas Drilling, Extraction, and Support activities
Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing

Reactivity Profile of Aminoethylethanolamine:
Aminoethylethanolamine is an amine and alcohol.
Amines are chemical bases.

They neutralize acids to form salts plus water.
These acid-base reactions are exothermic.

The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base.
Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.

Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
This chemical is hygroscopic.

Handling and Storage of Aminoethylethanolamine:
In order to maintain the high degree of purity with which Aminoethylethanolamine is manufactured and shipped, the following storage and handling considerations are recommended:

Dry Inert Gas Blanket:
Aminoethylethanolamine should be stored under a dry inert gas blanket, such as nitrogen, to minimize contamination resulting from contact with air and water.

Materials of Construction:
If slight coloration of the ethyleneamine is acceptable, storage tanks may be made of carbon steel or black iron, provided they are free of rust and mill scale.
However, if the amine is stored in such tanks, color may develop due to iron contamination.

If iron contamination cannot be tolerated, tanks constructed of types 304 or 316 stainless steel should be used. (Note: Because they are quickly corroded by amines, do not use copper, copper alloys, brass, or bronze in tanks or lines.)
Recommended storage construction for Aminoethylethanolamine is stainless steel.

Storage Temperature:
Aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA) has a pour point of -38°C.
To avoid freezing, Aminoethylethanolamine should be maintained above this temperature.
At temperatures below 5°C, viscosity becomes so high that Aminoethylethanolamine cannot be easily pumped.

Spills or Leaks:
Small spills should be covered with inorganic absorbents and disposed of properly.
Organic absorbents have been known to ignite when contaminated with amines in closed containers. Certain cellulosic materials used for spill cleanup such as wood chips or sawdust have shown reactivity with ethyleneamines and should be avoided.

Large spills should be contained and recovered.
Water may be used for clean-up purposes, but avoid disposing of the material into sewers or natural water bodies.

Disposal should be in accordance with all federal, state and local laws, regulations, and ordinances.
Ethyleneamine leaks will frequently be identified by the odor (ammoniacal) or by the formation of a white, solid, waxy substance (amine carbamates).
Inorganic absorbents or water may be used to clean up the amine waste.

Safety of Aminoethylethanolamine:
Because of the fragility of eye tissue, almost any eye contact with any ethyleneamine may cause irreparable damage, even blindness.
A single, short exposure to ethyleneamines, may cause severe skin burns, while a single, prolonged exposure may result in the material being absorbed through the skin in harmful amounts.

Exposures have caused allergic skin reactions in some individuals.
Single dose oral toxicity of ethyleneamines is low.

The principal hazards that arise in working with Aminoethylethanolamine are those associated with similar organic amines; namely, a corrosive action on skin and eyes. Precautions should be taken to prevent contact with these parts of the body such as by use of protective clothing and chemical goggles.
If contact occurs, immediately flush the exposed area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.

Eye exposures should be examined by a physician.
Contaminated clothing should be laundered before reuse.

If ingestion occurs, do not induce vomiting.
Have the individual drink a large amount of water (or milk, if Aminoethylethanolamine is readily available) and transport them to a medical facility immediately.

First Aid Measures of Aminoethylethanolamine:

EYES:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.
Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.

Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.
Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.
If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.

INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area.
Take deep breaths of fresh air.

If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.

Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used.
If not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.

Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.

DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.

Fire Fighting Measures of Aminoethylethanolamine:

SMALL FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray.
If Aminoethylethanolamine can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.
Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.

Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

Accidental Release Measures of Aminoethylethanolamine:

Isolation and Evacuation:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE:
Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL:
Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE:
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.
Also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Identifiers of Aminoethylethanolamine:
CAS Number: 111-41-1
ChemSpider: 7821
ECHA InfoCard: 100.003.516
PubChem CID: 8112
UNII: RC78W6NPXT
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID7025423
InChI:
InChI=1S/C4H12N2O/c5-1-2-6-3-4-7/h6-7H,1-5H2 check
Key: LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N check
InChI=1/C4H12N2O/c5-1-2-6-3-4-7/h6-7H,1-5H2
Key: LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYAR
SMILES: OCCNCCN

CAS number: 111-41-1
EINECS/ELINCS No.: 203-867-5
Molecular weight: 104.15
Molecular formula: C₄H₁₂N₂O

Chemical family: Ethylene Amines
CAS number: 111-41-1
Physical form: Liquid
Molecular Weight: 104.15
Chemical name: 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol

Properties of Aminoethylethanolamine:
Chemical formula: C4H12N2O
Molar mass: 104.153 g·mol−1
Density: 1.03 g/cm3
Melting point: −28 °C (−18 °F; 245 K)
Boiling point: 243 °C (469 °F; 516 K)
Vapor pressure: 0.01 mmHg @ 20 °C ; 8.17x10−4mmHg @ 25 °C

Form: Clear liquid
Colour: colourless
Odour: ammoniacal
Odour Threshold: No data available
pH: 12 at 25 % solution
Melting point/freezing point: -38 °C at 1,013 hPa
Boiling point/boiling range: 243 °C at 1,013 hPa
Flash point: 132 °C at 1,013 hPa
Ignition temperature: > 150 °C
Flammability (solid, gas): Not applicable
Flammability (liquids): Not classified as a flammability hazard
Vapour pressure: 0.012 hPa at 20 °C
Relative vapour density: 3.6
Density: 1,030 kg/m3 at 20 °C
1,024 kg/m3 at 25 °C
1,012 kg/m3 at 40 °C
Relative density: 1.026 at 25 °C
Water solubility: soluble
Solubility in other solvents: Soluble in ethanol.
Partition coefficient: noctanol/water: log Pow: -1.46 at 25 °C
Viscosity, dynamic: 141 mPa.s at 20 °C
Explosive properties: Not explosive
Oxidizing properties: Aminoethylethanolamine or mixture is not classified as oxidizing.

Form: Viscous liquid
Color: Colorless
Odor: Ammonical
Water solubility :Miscible
Solubility in other solvents: Ethanol
pH, 25% solution: 12
Melting point/freezing point, 1013 hPa: -38 °C
Boiling point/boiling range, 1013 hPa: 243 °C
Flash point, 1013 hPa: 132 °C
Ignition temperature: > 150 °C
Vapor pressure, 20°C: 0.012 hPa
Relative vapor density, air = 1.0 3.6
Density, 25°C: 1.024 kg/m³
Relative density, 25°C: 1.026
Partition coefficient, N-octanol/water, 25°C, log Pow -1.46
Dynamic viscosity, 20°C: 141 mPa.s

Molecular Weight: 104.15
XLogP3: -1.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 104.094963011
Monoisotopic Mass: 104.094963011
Topological Polar Surface Area: 58.3 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 7
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 32.9
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Aminoethylethanolamine:
Appearance (MOA 200): Clear liquid
Assay (MOA 553): ≥ 99.6 wt%
Ethylene diamine (MOA 558): ≤ 100 ppm
Color (MOA 201): ≤ 20 Hazen
Water (MOA 305): ≤ 0.2 wt%

Names of Aminoethylethanolamine:

Regulatory process names:
(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine
(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
(AEEA)
(beta-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
1-(2-(Hydroxyethyl)amino)-2-aminoethane
2-((2-Aminoethyl)amino)ethanol
2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol
2-(2-Aminoethylamino)ethanol
2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol
2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol; (AEEA)
Aminoethyl ethanolamine
beta-Aminoethyl-beta-hydroxyethylamine
Ethanol, 2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)-
Ethanolethylene diamine
Hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine
Monoethanolethylenediamine
N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine
N-(2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine
N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine
N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
N-(beta-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
N-Aminoethyl ethanolamine
N-Hydroxyethyl-1,2-ethanediamine
N-Hydroxyethylethylenediamine

Translated names:
(AEEA) (bg)
(AEEA) (cs)
(AEEA) (da)
(AEEA) (de)
(AEEA) (el)
(AEEA) (es)
(AEEA) (et)
(AEEA) (fi)
(AEEA) (fr)
(AEEA) (hr)
(AEEA) (hu)
(AEEA) (it)
(AEEA) (lt)
(AEEA) (lv)
(AEEA) (mt)
(AEEA) (nl)
(AEEA) (no)
(AEEA) (pl)
(AEEA) (pt)
(AEEA) (ro)
(AEEA) (sk)
(AEEA) (sl)
(AEEA) (sv)
2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol (cs)
2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol (da)
2-(2-Aminoethylamino)ethanol (de)
2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol (mt)
2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol (nl)
2-(2-aminoetilamino)etanol (es)
2-(2-aminoetilamino)etanol (hr)
2-(2-aminoetilamino)etanol (hu)
2-(2-aminoetilamino)etanol (pt)
2-(2-aminoetilamino)etanol (ro)
2-(2-aminoetilamino)etanol (sl)
2-(2-aminoetilamino)etanolis (lt)
2-(2-aminoetilamino)etanols (lv)
2-(2-aminoetylamino)etanol (no)
2-(2-aminoetylamino)etanol (sv)
2-(2-Aminoetylamino)etanoli (fi)
2-(2-aminoetyloamino)etanol (pl)
2-(2-aminoetüülamino)etanool (et)
2-(2-aminoéthylamino)éthanol; (AEEA) (fr)
2-(2-amminoetilammino)etanolo (it)
2-(2-αμινο-αιθυλαμινο)αιθανόλη (el)
2-(2-аминоетиламино)етанол (bg)
2-[(2-aminoetyl)amino]etanol (sk)

CAS name:
Ethanol, 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-

IUPAC names:
(AEEA)
2,2 aminoethylaminoethanol
2-(2-Aminoethylamino)-ethanol
2-(2-AMINOETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL
2-(2-Aminoethylamino)ethanol
2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol
2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol
2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethan-1-ol
2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethanol
2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethanol
2‐[(2‐aminoethyl)amino]ethan‐1‐ol
AMINOETHYLETHANOLAMINE
Aminoethylethanolamine
Aminoethylethanolamine
Aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA) - OR30
Ethanol, 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-
Unamine O - 2-(2-aminoethykamino)ethanol

Preferred IUPAC name:
2-[(2-Aminoethyl)amino]ethan-1-ol

Trade names:
AEEA
Aminoethyethanolamine
Aminoethylethanolamine
AMINOETHYLETHANOLAMINE.

Other names:
N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine

Other identifiers:
111-41-1
51251-98-0
51251-98-0
603-194-00-0

Synonyms of Aminoethylethanolamine:
2-(2-Aminoethylamino)ethanol
111-41-1
N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
Aminoethylethanolamine
2-((2-Aminoethyl)amino)ethanol
N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine
N-(Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
2-[(2-Aminoethyl)amino]ethanol
N-(Aminoethyl)ethanolamine
Ethanol, 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-
Monoethanolethylenediamine
(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine
Ethanolethylene diamine
N-Hydroxyethyl-1,2-ethanediamine
N-Hydroxyethylethylenediamine
N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine
NSC 461
Ethanol, 2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)-
2-((Aminoethyl)amino)ethanol
2-[2-Aminoethylamino]ethanol
2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethan-1-ol
RC78W6NPXT
1-(2-(Hydroxyethyl)amino)-2-aminoethane
.beta.-Aminoethyl-.beta.-hydroxyethylamine
NSC-461
2-(2-Hydroxyethylamino)ethylamine
N-(.beta.-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine
(.beta.-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
N-(.beta.-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
1-[2-(Hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-aminoethane
N-Aminoethylethanolamine
N-Aminoethyl ethanolamine
Hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine
CCRIS 4825
HSDB 2067
(beta-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
N-(beta-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
EINECS 203-867-5
UNII-RC78W6NPXT
beta-Aminoethyl-beta-hydroxyethylamine
BRN 0506012
n-(2-aminoethyl) ethanolamine
AI3-15368
aminoethylethanolamin
N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-ETHYLENEDIAMINE
1-Aminoethyl ethanolamine
EC 203-867-5
(Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
WLN: Z2M2Q
SCHEMBL18854
4-04-00-01558 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
BIDD:GT0276
N-(2-aminoethyl)-ethanolamine
N-hydroxyethyl ethylene diamine
2-(2-aminoethylamino) ethanol
2-(2-aminoethylamino)-ethanol
NSC461
SCHEMBL2787111
2-Amino-2'-hydroxydiethylamine
CHEMBL3186403
DTXSID7025423
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylendiamine
N-(beta-aminoethyl) ethanolamine
2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-ethanol
N-(2-hydroxy ethyl)ethylenediamine
N-(2'-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
ZINC6021259
AMINOETHYLETHANOLAMINE [INCI]
N-.beta.-Hydroxyethylethylenediamine
Tox21_200209
BBL027690
MFCD00008170
N-(2-hydroxy ethyl) ethylenediamine
STK802366
AMINOETHYL ETHANOLAMINE [HSDB]
N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine
AKOS009156720
HYDROXYETHYLETHYLENEDIAMINE, N-
CS-W011299
N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine, 99%
NCGC00248562-01
NCGC00257763-01
CAS-111-41-1
VS-08576
DB-040972
A0299
FT-0629139
D77720
EN300-126824
A935986
Q209289
Q-200137
F0001-0240
N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine
(2-HYDROXYETHYL)ETHYLENEDIAMINE
(β-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
111-41-1 [RN]
2-(2-Aminoethylamino)ethanol
2-[(2-Aminoethyl)amino]ethanol [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2-[(2-Aminoethyl)amino]ethanol [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2-[(2-Aminoéthyl)amino]éthanol [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
203-867-5 [EINECS]
Aminoethylethanolamin [German]
Aminoethylethanolamine [Wiki]
Ethanol, 2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)-
Ethanol, 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]- [ACD/Index Name]
KJ6300000
MFCD00008170 [MDL number]
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
N-(2'-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
N-(Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
N-(β-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine
N-(β-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
N-Aminoethyl ethanolamine
N-Hydroxyethyl-1,2-ethanediamine
RC78W6NPXT
β-Aminoethyl-β-hydroxyethylamine
(2-AMINOETHYL)ETHANOLAMINE
(β-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
1-(2-(Hydroxyethyl)amino)-2-aminoethane
1-[2-(Hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-aminoethane
1246819-88-4 [RN]
147770-06-7 [RN]
1-Aminoethyl ethanolamine
2-​(2-​aminoethylamino)​ethanol
2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethanol
2-((Aminoethyl)amino)ethanol
2-(2-Amino-ethylamino)-ethanol
2-(2-AMINOETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL-D4
2-(2-Hydroxyethylamino)ethylamine
2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethan-1-ol
2-[2-Aminoethylamino]ethanol
20261-60-3 [RN]
263-177-5 [EINECS]
263-179-6 [EINECS]
2-Amino-2'-hydroxydiethylamine
2-hydroxyethylethylenediamine
4-04-00-01514 [Beilstein]
51251-98-0 [RN]
59219-56-6 [RN]
61791-44-4 [RN]
61791-46-6 [RN]
66085-61-8 [RN]
8033-73-6 [RN]
Aminoethyl ethanolamine
Aminoethylethanolamin
Ethanolethylene diamine
ethylenediamine, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-
H2dea
Hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine
hydroxyethylethylenediamine
Jsp000857
N-(2-Aminoethyl) ethanolamine
N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine
N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)ETHANE DIAMINE
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine
N-(Aminoethyl)ethanolamine
N-(β-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
N,N'-Iminodiethanol
N-AMINOETHYLETHANOLAMINE
N-β-Hydroxyethylethylenediamine
UNII:RC78W6NPXT
UNII-RC78W6NPXT
VS-08576
WLN: Z2M2Q
β-Aminoethyl-β-hydroxyethylamine

MeSH Entry Terms of Aminoethylethanolamine:
aminoethylethanolamine
monoethanol ethylenediamine
N-(2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine monohydrochloride
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine sodium salt
AMINOETHYLPIPERAZINE
Aminoethylpiperazine is a combustible and corrosive aliphatic amine.
Aminoethylpiperazine is a colorless to light yellow liquid.
Aminoethylpiperazine used for studying corrosion inhibition.

CAS: 140-31-8
MF: C6H15N3
MW: 129.2
EINECS: 205-411-0

An amine combining a primary, secondary, and ter- tiary amine in one molecule.
A colorless liquid with a faint fishlike odor.
Flash point 199°F.
Corrosive to tissue.
Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced by combustion.
Aminoethylpiperazine is a derivative of piperazine.
This ethyleneamine contains three nitrogen atoms; one primary, one secondary and one tertiary.

Aminoethylpiperazine is a corrosive organic liquid and can cause second or third degree burns.
Aminoethylpiperazine can also cause pulmonary edema as a result of inhalation.
Aminoethylpiperazine is REACH and TSCA registered.
Aminoethylpiperazine, also known as N-aminoethyl piperazine, is an organic synthesis intermediate and pharmaceutical intermediate.
Aminoethylpiperazine can be used as an important fine chemical with high added value and is widely used in polyurethane, plastic, pesticide and electroplating industries.

Aminoethylpiperazine Chemical Properties
Melting point: -19 °C
Boiling point: 218-222 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.985 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor density: 4.4 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.05 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.500
Fp: 200 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: >1000g/l
Form: Liquid
pka: 10.11±0.10(Predicted)
Color: Clear colorless to slightly yellow
PH: 12 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Explosive limit: 2.1-10.5%(V)
Water Solubility: soluble
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
BRN: 104363
Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, strong oxidizing agents, chloroformates.
LogP: -1.48 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 140-31-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Aminoethylpiperazine (140-31-8)
EPA Substance Registry System: Aminoethylpiperazine (140-31-8)

Uses
Aminoethylpiperazine is utilized in a variety of reactions for studying corrosion inhibition, biological activity and metal ligand effects on catalysis.
Aminoethylpiperazine is used for epoxy curing, surface activation, and as an asphalt additive.
Aminoethylpiperazine is used in lube oil and fuel additives, mineral processing aids, polyamide resins, urethane chemicals, wet strength resins.
Aminoethylpiperazine uses include inhibition of corrosion, surface activation, and as an asphalt additive.
As Aminoethylpiperazine is alkaline and carbon dioxide is weakly acidic, it has been researched as a carbon dioxide sequestrant.
Aminoethylpiperazine is part of ongoing research in Carbon capture and storage.

Reactivity Profile
Aminoethylpiperazine neutralizes acids to form salts plus water in exothermic reactions.
May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

Production
Ethylene dichloride is reacted with ammonia as a main method of production.
This process produces various ethylene amines which can then be purified by distillation.
These include ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, other higher homologues and Aminoethylpiperazine
Aminoethylpiperazine is also manufactured by reacting ethylenediamine or ethanolamine/ammonia mixtures over a catalyst.

Synonyms
140-31-8
N-Aminoethylpiperazine
N-(2-Aminoethyl)piperazine
1-(2-Aminoethyl)piperazine
2-(piperazin-1-yl)ethanamine
1-Piperazineethanamine
2-piperazin-1-ylethanamine
Aminoethylpiperazine
Piperazineethanamine
1-Piperazineethylamine
1-AMINOETHYLPIPERAZINE
Piperazine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)-
2-Piperazin-1-ylethylamine
USAF DO-46
2-Piperazinylethylamine
NSC 38968
2-(1-Piperazinyl)ethylamine
N-(beta-Aminoethyl)piperazine
CCRIS 6678
HSDB 5630
N-(Aminoethyl)piperazine
EINECS 205-411-0
UN2815
4-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine
BRN 0104363
AI3-52274
MLS000736991
DTXSID2021997
UNII-I86052F9F6
N-(.beta.-Aminoethyl)piperazine
2-(piperazin-1-yl)ethan-1-amine
NSC-38968
I86052F9F6
EC 205-411-0
1-[2-Aminoethyl]piperazine
5-23-01-00257 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID401997
28631-79-0
AEP
CAS-140-31-8
Ancamine AEP
aminoethyl piperazine
1-Piperazinaetanamina
1-Piperazinaetilamina
2-aminoethylpiperazine
2-Piperaziniletilamina
Epikure 3202
n-aminoethyl piperazine
AEP (CHRIS Code)
N-AEP
Aminoethylpiperazine, n-
N-2-aminoethylpiperazine
1-(2-aminoetil) piperazina
2-piperazin-1-yl-ethylamine
4-(2-aminoetil) piperazina
n-(2-aminoethyl) piperazine
SCHEMBL17210
2-(1-Piperazinyl)ethanamine
N-(2-amino ethyl)piperazine
N-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine
WLN: T6M DNTJ D2Z
1-(2-aminoethyl) piperazine
1-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine
2-(1-piperazinil) etanamina
2-(1-piperazinil) etilamina
1-(beta-Aminoethyl)piperazine
N-(beta-aminoethyl)-piperazine
1-(2-aminoethyl)- piperazine
CHEMBL209790
D.E.H. 39 (Salt/Mix)
2-(1-Piperazinyl)ethanamine #
Piperazina, 1-(2-aminoetil)-
PIPERAZINEETHANAMINE, 1-
N-(2-AMINOETHYL)PYPERAZINE
1-(. Beta.-Aminoetil) piperazina
1-(2-Aminoethyl)piperazine, 99%
NSC38968
Tox21_202230
Tox21_302922
BBL011596
MFCD00005971
NA2815
STL163329
AKOS000118842
AM81364
LF-0556
UN 2815
NCGC00249192-01
NCGC00256327-01
NCGC00259779-01
SMR000393948
N-(2-AMINOETHYL)PIPERAZINE [HSDB]
LS-110237
A0304
FT-0629105
Piperazine 1-(2-aminoethyl)-(6CI7CI8CI)
EN300-17952
N-Aminoethylpiperazine [UN2815] [Corrosive]
N-Aminoethylpiperazine [UN2815] [Corrosive]
Q3887815
W-109074
Z57127897
F2191-0297
InChI=1/C6H15N3/c7-1-4-9-5-2-8-3-6-9/h8H,1-7H
1-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine; N-(2-Aminoethyl)piperazine; 4-(2-Aminoethyl)piperazine
AMINOETHYLPIPERAZINE (AEP)
2-(2-Aminoethylamino)-Ethanol; N-hydroxyethyl-1,2-ethanediamine; N-hydroxyethylethylenediamine; N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine; 2-((aminoethyl)amino)ethanol; N-aminoethylethanolamine; cas no: 111-41-1
AMINOETILETANOLAMIN-(AEEA)
EC / List no.: 217-707-7; CAS no.: 1937-19-5; Mol. formula: CH7ClN4Nom INCI : AMINOGUANIDINE HCL; 240-295-5 [EINECS]; 3909606; Aminoguanidine hydrochloride; Guanylhydrazine hydrochloride; Hydrazincarboximidamidhydrochlorid (1:1) [German] ; Hydrazinecarboximidamide hydrochloride; Hydrazinecarboximidamide, chlorhydrate (1:1) [French] ; Hydrazinecarboximidamide, hydrochloride (1:1) ; Pimagedine hydrochloride; (Diaminomethylene)hydraziniumchloride; (diaminomethylideneamino)azanium chloride; [1937-19-5]; 1-aminoguanidine hydrochloride; 2-aminoguanidine;hydrochloride; 2-aminoguanidine;hydron;chloride; 2-ammonioguanidine chloride; 2-azaniumylguanidine chloride; Carbazamidine monohydrochloride; 1-aminoguanidine hydrochloride; Aminoguanidine Hydrochloride; hydrazinecarboximidamide hydrochloride; hydrazinecarboximidamide hydrochloride; N-aminoguanidine hydrochloride; Aminoguanadine hydrochloride; Aminoguanadine hydrochloride 98%; Aminoguanidine (hydrochloride); Aminoguanidine HCl; aminoguanidine hydrochloride, 98%; Aminoguanidine monohydrochloride; AminoguanidineHydrochloride; Aminoguanidinhydrochlorid; Aminoguanidinium chloride; carbazamidine hydrochloride; carbazamidine monohydrochloride; carbonohydrazonic diamide hydrochloride; CST-8 |; Guanidine, amino-, hydrochloride; hydrazinecarboximidamide hcl(1:x); Hydrazinecarboximidamide hydrochloride; Hydrazinecarboximidamide hydrochloride(1:x); hydrazinecarboximidamide hydrochloridehydrochloride; Hydrazinecarboximidamide(9CI); Hydrazinecarboximidamide, hydrochloride; Hydrazinecarboximidamide, hydrochloride; Hydrazinecarboximidamide, monohydrochloride; Hydrazinecarboximidamide,hydrochloride (9CI); HYDROGEN AMINO-GUANIDINE CHLORIDE; monoaminoguanidinium chloride; N- AMINOGUANIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE; Pharmakon1600-01506176; pimagedine HCl; Pimagedine hydrochloride;GER-11;Aminoguanidinium chloride
AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is a white solid, slightly soluble in water .
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is an inhibitor of NOS (nitric oxide synthase).


CAS Number: 2582-30-1
EC Number: 219-956-7
MDL number: MFCD00012949
Linear Formula: NH2NHC(=NH)NH2 · H2CO3
Molecular Formula: CH6N4.CH2O3 / C2H8N4O3



SYNONYMS:
aminoguanidinium hydrogen carbonate, Aminoguanidine hicarbonate, 1-aminoguanidine carbonate, Aminoguanidine bicarbonate, GUANYLHYDRAZINE BICARBONATE, Aminoguanidine bicarbonate, Aminoguanidine carbonic acid, 1-AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate, 1-AMINOGUANIDINE HYDROGEN CARBONATE, aminoguanidinium hydrogen carbonate, 1-AMINOGUANIDINIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE, AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE CRYSTALLINE, 1-AMINOGUANIDINIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE OE, Aminoguanidine hydrogencarbonate, Guanylhydrazine hydrogencarbonate, Aminoguanidine bicarbonate, 2582-30-1, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate, 2200-97-7, Aminoguanidinium bicarbonate, 2-aminoguanidine;carbonic acid, Aminoguanidine carbonate, Aminoguanidine carbonate (1:1), Aminoguanidium hydrogen carbonate, Aminoguanidinium hydrogen carbonate, N1-Aminoguanidine carbonate (1:1), Aminoguanidine hydrogencarbonate, MFCD00012949, BA 51-090222, NSC7887, N''-aminoguanidine; carbonic acid, amino(diaminomethylidene)azanium;hydrogen carbonate, AMINOGUANIDINE; CARBONIC ACID, 1-Aminoguanidine bicarbonate, AMINOGUANIDINECARBONATE, 2-aminoguanidine,carbonic acid, Hydrazinecarboximidamide carbonate, NSC 7887, EINECS 219-956-7, Amino guanidine bicarbonate, Guanidine, amino-, hydrogen carbonate, Ba 51-090222 (VAN), N(sup 1)-Aminoguanidine carbonate (1:1), AI3-52138, Guanylhydrazine hydrogencarbonate, UNII-X2151435R9, aminoguandine bicarbonate, EC 219-956-7, SCHEMBL40128, CH6N4.H2CO3, 1-aminoguanidine; carbonic acid, DTXSID2062537, Aminoguanidine bicarbonate, 97%, Amino guanidine hydrogen carbonate, 1-aminoguanidine carbonic acid salt, HB0111, AKOS015894487, AKOS015901290, hydrazinecarboximidamide bicarbonate salt, hydrazinecarboximidamide carbonic acid salt, LS-12944, A0307, F87308, Q27293343, [amino(hydrazinyl)methylidene]azanium hydrogen carbonate, F0001-0859, Carbonic acid compound with hydrazinecarboximidamide (1:1), 2-Aminoguanidinium hydrogen carbonate, Aminoguanidine hydrocarbonate, Aminoguanidine hydrogencarbonate, Aminoguanidinium hydrogen carbonate, Guanylhydrazine hydrogen carbonate, aminoguanidine bicarbonate, aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate, aminoguanidinium bicarbonate, aminoguanidine hydrocarbonate, aminoguanidine carbonate 1:1, aminoguanidium hydrogen carbonate, n1-aminoguanidine carbonate 1:1, aminoguanidine hydrogencarbonate, aminoguanidinebicarbonate, hydrazinecarboximidamide carbonate, Carbonic Acid, compd. with Aminoguanidine, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate, Aminoguanidine Hydrogen Carbonate, Hydrazinecarboximidamide Carbonate, 1-Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate, Aminoguanidine Carbonate, Aminoguanidine Hydrogen, Aminoguanidine hydrogencarbonate, Guanylhydrazine hydrogencarbonate, Aminoguanidine hydrogencarbonate, Guanylhydrazine hydrogencarbonate, AMINOGUANIDINE HYDROGEN CARBONATE, hydrazinecarboxiMidaMide carbonate, AMINOGUANADINE BICARBONATE, aminoguanidinium hydrogen carbonate, ABGC, 1-AMinoguanidi, AMINOGUANIDINE HCO3, Aminoguanidine bicar, uanidine bicarbonate, Ceramides 100403-19-8, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate, aminoguanidinium hydrogen carbonate, Aminoguanidine hicarbonate, carbonic acid - carbonohydrazonic diamide (1:1), 1-aminoguanidine carbonate, Aminoguanidine carbonic acid, Amino guanidine bicarbonate,



Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is a white to off-white crystalline powder.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is almost insoluble in water, alcohol and other acids.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is a chemical compound used as precursor for the preparation of aminoguanidine compounds.


Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate has the chemical formula C2H8N4O3.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate, also known as aminoguanidinium hydrogen carbonate, is a chemical compound used as a precursor for the preparation of aminoguanidine compounds .


Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate has the chemical formula C2H8N4O3 .
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is a white solid, slightly soluble in water .
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is an inhibitor of NOS (nitric oxide synthase).


Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is an inhibitor of NOS (nitric oxide synthase).
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate, also known as Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C2H8N4O3, esteemed for its versatile applications in the specialty chemical industry.


Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate, also referred to as Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C2H8N4O3.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is a chemical compound with the formula CH6N4·H2CO3.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water.


Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is a strong nucleophile and a powerful reducing agent.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is also a useful reagent for the synthesis of heterocycles.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is of practical importance because of its use in dyes, dispersants, explosives and other commercial applications.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is used in the synthesis of antitumor agents and antileukemic activity.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is also used in the synthesis of neuraminidase inhibitors in the inhibition of influenze.


Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is an inhibitor of NOS (nitric oxide synthase).
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is used to study the effect of addition of polyamines to rat embryo cell cultures infected with adenovirus type 5.
Synthesis of heterocycles: Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate serves as a reagent for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds like 1,2,4-triazoles, which have various biological and industrial applications.


Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase: Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is used to investigate the role of NO in various physiological and pathological processes by inhibiting NOS activity [, ].
Inhibition of advanced glycation end-product (AGE) formation: Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is employed to study the role of AGEs in diabetes, aging, and other conditions [, ].


Wound healing: Research suggests that aminoguanidine bicarbonate improves wound healing in diabetic rats by preserving collagen ultrastructure and restoring TGF-β1 expression .
Pulmonary fibrosis: Studies indicate that aminoguanidine exhibits potential therapeutic effects in preventing pulmonary fibrosis by reducing collagen deposition and hydroxyproline content in the lungs .


Anticonvulsant activity: Certain derivatives synthesized from aminoguanidine bicarbonate demonstrate potent anticonvulsant activity, offering potential therapeutic applications in epilepsy .
Energetic materials: Aminoguanidine bicarbonate serves as a precursor for the synthesis of high-nitrogen-content energetic materials, which find applications in propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics


Aminoguanidine is a pharmaceutical drug that has been used for the treatment of chronic renal failure and congestive heart failure.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate has also been studied for its potential use in Alzheimer's disease. Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is the most commonly used form of aminoguanidine in clinical trials.


Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate can be synthesized by reacting malonic acid with hydrochloric acid and copper metal hydroxide, which produces copper complexes and aminoguanidine bicarbonate.


Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukins, and activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase, leading to vasodilation and inhibition of platelet aggregation.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is an inhibitor of NOS (nitric oxide synthase).


Biochem/physiol Actions Aminoguanidine bicarbonate protects the cells infected with
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate can be used as raw materials for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes, foaming agents and explosives.
In the realm of specialty chemicals, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate proves to be a valuable asset with its wide-ranging capabilities.


While Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate's protective effects against adenovirus-induced chromosomal damage and its role in modulating nitric oxide synthesis are noteworthy, its primary significance lies in its contribution to the specialty chemical sector.
With a focus on the specialty chemical industry, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate finds utility in producing cutting-edge chemicals catering to diverse sectors.


From high-performance additives to specialized coatings and catalysts, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate's presence in specialty chemical formulations enhances the performance and functionality of various end product.
The potential of Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate to shield cells from adenovirus-induced chromosomal damage showcases its prowess in cellular defense mechanisms, promising to bolster the immune response against viral infections.


Acting as an inhibitor of NOS, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate exerts control over the intricate nitric oxide synthesis process, paving the way for therapeutic interventions in conditions where excess nitric oxide could cause detrimental effects.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is used to study the effect of addition of polyamines to rat embryo cell cultures infected with adenovirus type 5.


Significantly, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate's role in combating diabetic vascular dysfunction highlights its clinical relevance in managing diabetes.
By mitigating vascular impairments associated with diabetes, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate contributes to the preservation of cardiovascular health, potentially reducing the risk of severe complications stemming from diabetic-related vascular issues.


Beyond its biological effects, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate emerges as an indispensable resource in the realm of chemical synthesis.
As a foundational building block for diverse pharmaceuticals, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate empowers researchers and manufacturers to create innovative drugs targeting a wide range of medical conditions.


Additionally, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate's application in pesticide production fortifies agricultural practices, ensuring enhanced crop protection and improved yields.
Furthermore, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate's relevance in the production of dyes and foaming agents underscores its significance in the industrial sector.


Its unique properties make Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate an ideal candidate for creating vibrant and durable dyes, catering to various industries such as textiles, cosmetics, and more.
Simultaneously, Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate's capacity as a foaming agent plays a crucial role in the production of numerous consumer products, ranging from personal care items to industrial materials.


Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate has a wide range of applications in the pharmaceutical and specialty chemical industries.
In scientific research, aminoguanidine bicarbonate is primarily used as a reagent for the synthesis of other compounds and as an inhibitor of various enzymes.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate was used to study the effect of addition of polyamines to rat embryo cell cultures infected with adenovirus type 5.



MOLECULAR STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
*Condensation reactions:
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate can react with aldehydes and ketones to form imines, with carboxylic acids to form amides, and with esters to form amidines.

*Cyclization reactions:
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate can be used to synthesize heterocycles such as 1,2,4-triazoles.

*Nitration reactions:
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate can be nitrated to form nitroguanidine .



MECHANISM OF ACTION OF AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
*Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS):
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate acts as an inhibitor of NOS, particularly inducible NOS (iNOS), by competing with L-arginine for the enzyme's active site.
This inhibition reduces NO production and its downstream effects.

Inhibition of advanced glycation end-product (AGE) formation:
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate interferes with the formation of AGEs, which are implicated in diabetic complications and other pathological conditions.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate acts as a nucleophile, trapping reactive carbonyl compounds that contribute to AGE formation.


*Antioxidant activity:
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate demonstrates antioxidant properties by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protecting cells from oxidative stress



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is a white fine crystalline powder. Soft, practically insoluble in water.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is insoluble in alcohol and other acids. Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is unstable when heated, and gradually decomposes when it exceeds 50 ° C, turns red when it is heated to 100 ° C.
In an oil bath, and decomposes completely when Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is heated to 171-173 ° C.



BIOCHEM/PHYSIOL ACTIONS OF AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate protects the cells infected with adenovirus from chromosomal damage.
Aminoguanidine is a specific and highly effective inhibitor of diamine oxidase present in fetal calf serum.



SYNTHESIS OF AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
A synthesis method of Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate includes reacting an acidic aqueous hydrazine hydrate solution with calcium cyanamide in an elevated temperature to produce an aminoguanidine solution, recovering the solution, and reacting therewith an alkali metal bicarbonate to produce relatively high purity Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate.



PROPERTIES OF AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
Chemical:
Addition of an equimolar amount of freebase aminoguanidine to Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate will yield aminoguanidinium carbonate.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate will react with acids to yield their respective salts.
X-ray analysis has shown that solid Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is actually a zwitterionic molecule, 2-guanidinium-1-aminocarboxylate monohydrate.

Physical:
Aminoguanidinium bicarbonate is a white solid, slightly soluble in water.
Recrystallization from hot water is possible, but some decomposition always occurs and reprecipitation tends to be slow and incomplete.



SYNTHESIS ANALYSIS OF AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate can be synthesized by reacting hydrazine hydrate with cyanamide in the presence of carbon dioxide.
The reaction is typically carried out in water at a temperature of 70-80°C.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is then isolated by filtration and recrystallized from water.

Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate can be prepared by reacting calcium cyanamide with hydrazine sulfate .
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate can also be easily prepared by reducing nitroguanidine with zinc powder .
Another method involves adding zinc powder to a stirred suspension of nitroguanidine in ammonium sulfate solution .



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ANALYSIS OF AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
Melting point: Decomposes at 150°C .
Solubility: Soluble in water; slightly soluble in ethanol .
pH: 7-8 (in aqueous solution) .

Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is a white solid, slightly soluble in water .
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate has a density of 1.56 g/cm3 at 20 °C .
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate decomposes when boiled .



MOLECULAR STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
The molecular weight of Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is 136.1099 g/mol .
The IUPAC Standard InChI name of Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate is InChI=1S/CH6N4.CH2O3/c2-1(3)5-4;2-1(3)4/h4H2, (H4,2,3,5); (H2,2,3,4) .



CHEMICAL REACTIONS ANALYSIS OF AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate will react with acids to yield their respective salts .
Addition of an equimolar amount of freebase aminoguanidine to aminoguanidine bicarbonate will yield aminoguanidinium carbonate.



PREPARATION OF AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate can be prepared by reacting calcium cyanamide with hydrazine sulfate.
Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate can also be easily prepared by reducing nitroguanidine with zinc powder.
Diachrynic used this route obtaining a great yield:
41.14 g zinc powder (629 mmol, 3.3 molar eq.) are weighed and put to the side.

Into a reaction flask of at least 500 mL are put 20.00 g nitroguanidine (192 mmol, 1 molar eq.) and 47.62 g of ammonium sulfate (360 mmol, 1.88 molar eq.) in 285 mL of water.
The suspension is stirred and not everything dissolves, this is expected.

The reaction flask is immersed in an ice bath and equipped with magnetic stirring and a thermometer.
Stirring is started.
Once the solution reaches 10 °C the addition of small spatulas of zinc powder at a time is started.

Monitor the exotherm and don't add too much at once, however the reaction is fairly easy to control.
3-4 spatulas of zinc can be added at a time, making the temperature jump up by 5-8 °C.
The reaction was kept between 5-15 °C, leaning to the latter temperature.

The complete addition of zinc took about 1 hour, during which the ice bath was refilled just once.
Afterwards the reaction was left stirring at about 15 °C for a further 30 minutes.
The pH rose to about 8-9.

Using a fritted vacuum filter the zinc oxide sludge was removed, it filtered fairly easily.
The yellow colored filtrate is put into a flask with magnetic stirring, and 8.57 g of 25% ammonia solution (126 mmol, 0.66 molar eq.) are added as well as 28.57 g of sodium bicarbonate (340 mmol, 0.94 molar eq.) with stirring, it dissolves after a short while.

The solution is left standing for 12 h during which the Aminoguanidine Bicarbonate slowly precipitates.
Afterwards the product is vacuum filtered off and air dried.
Yield of aminoguanidine bicarbonate: 15.700 g (115 mmol, 60% based on nitroguanidine)



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
CAS Number: 2582-30-1
Molecular Weight: 136.11 g/mol
Beilstein: 3569869
EC Number: 219-956-7
MDL number: MFCD00012949
Exact Mass: 136.05964013 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 136.05964013 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 148 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 9
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 67.9
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical State: Crystalline powder
Color: Yellow
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point/Freezing Point: Melting point/range: 170 - 172 °C (decomposition)
Initial Boiling Point and Boiling Range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits: No data available
Flash Point: No data available
Autoignition Temperature: No data available
Decomposition Temperature: No data available
pH: 8.9 at 5 g/l at 20 °C

Viscosity:
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water Solubility: 5 g/l at 25 °C - soluble
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): No data available
Vapor Pressure: No data available
Density: 1.56 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Relative Density: No data available
Relative Vapor Density: No data available
Particle Characteristics: No data available

Explosive Properties: No data available
Oxidizing Properties: None
Other Safety Information: No data available
CBNumber: CB4114194
Molecular Formula: C2H8N4O3
Molecular Weight: 136.11
MDL Number: MFCD00012949
MOL File: 2582-30-1.mol
CAS Number: 2582-30-1
Molecular Weight: 136.11 g/mol
Beilstein: 3569869
EC Number: 219-956-7

MDL number: MFCD00012949
Exact Mass: 136.05964013 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 136.05964013 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 148 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 9
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 67.9
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Physical State: Crystalline powder
Color: White to off-white
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point/Freezing Point: 170 - 172 °C (decomposition, lit.)
Initial Boiling Point and Boiling Range: Decomposes
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits: No data available
Flash Point: No data available
Autoignition Temperature: 245 °C
Decomposition Temperature: No data available
pH: 8.9 (5 g/l, H2O, 20 °C)
Viscosity:

Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water Solubility: Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): LogP -6.61 at 25 °C
Vapor Pressure: 2.56E-08 mmHg at 25 °C
Density: 1.56 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Relative Density: No data available
Relative Vapor Density: No data available
Particle Characteristics: No data available
Explosive Properties: No data available
Oxidizing Properties: None
Other Safety Information: No data available
CBNumber: CB4114194
Molecular Formula: C2H8N4O3
Molar Mass: 136.11 g/mol

Hill Formula: C₂H₈N₄O₃
Chemical Formula: CH₆N₄ * H₂CO₃
HS Code: 2928 00 90
Storage Temperature: Store below +30°C
Solubility: 2.7 g/L in H2O at 20 °C
pKa: 6.19 at 20 °C
Bulk Density: 700 kg/m³
Chemical Name: Aminoguanidine bicarbonate
IUPAC Name: 2-aminoguanidine; carbonic acid
SMILES: C(=NN)(N)N.C(=O)(O)O
Canonical SMILES: C(=N[NH3+])([NH3+])N.C(=O)([O-])[O-]
Isomeric SMILES: C(=N/[NH3+])([NH3+])/N.C(=O)([O-])[O-]
InChI: InChI=1/CH6N4.CH2O3/c2-1(3)5-4;2-1(3)4/h4H2,(H4,2,3,5);(H2,2,3,4)/p-2

InChIKey: OTXHZHQQWQTQMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BRN: 3569869
Refractive Index: Not available
Specific Gravity: Not available
Hazard Class: Not available
DOT Name: Not available
PubChem CID: 164944
Grade: For synthesis
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00%
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Solubility Information: Solubility in water: Assay Percent Range: 98.5%
Formula Weight: 136.11 g/mol
Percent Purity: 98.50%



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses:
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13:
Non Combustible Solids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
hygroscopic
no information available

AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is a pharmaceutical drug that has been used for the treatment of chronic renal failure and congestive heart failure.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate has also been studied for its potential use in Alzheimer's disease.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is the most commonly used form of aminoguanidine in clinical trials.

CAS: 2582-30-1
MF: C2H8N4O3
MW: 136.11
EINECS: 219-956-7

Synonyms
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate ;Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate;AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE CRYSTALLINE;1-AMINOGUANIDINIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE OE;Aminoguanidine bicarbonate, 98.50%;1-AMINOGUANIDINE BICARBONATE;1-AMINOGUANIDINE HYDROGEN CARBONATE;1-AMINOGUANIDINIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE;GUANYLHYDRAZINE BICARBONATE;Aminoguanidine bicarbonate;2582-30-1;Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate;2200-97-7;2-aminoguanidine;carbonic acid;Aminoguanidinium bicarbonate;Aminoguanidine carbonate (1:1);Aminoguanidium hydrogen carbonate;N1-Aminoguanidine carbonate (1:1);Aminoguanidine carbonate;Aminoguanidine hydrogencarbonate;MFCD00012949;BA 51-090222;NSC7887;N''-aminoguanidine; carbonic acid;amino(diaminomethylidene)azanium;hydrogen carbonate;1-Aminoguanidine bicarbonate;Hydrazinecarboximidamide carbonate;NSC 7887;EINECS 219-956-7;Amino guanidine bicarbonate;Guanidine, amino-, hydrogen carbonate;Ba 51-090222 (VAN);N(sup 1)-Aminoguanidine carbonate (1:1);AI3-52138;Guanylhydrazine hydrogencarbonate;UNII-X2151435R9;aminoguandine bicarbonate;EC 219-956-7;SCHEMBL40128;CH6N4.H2CO3;1-aminoguanidine; carbonic acid;DTXSID2062537;Aminoguanidine bicarbonate, 97%;Amino guanidine hydrogen carbonate;OTXHZHQQWQTQMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N;1-aminoguanidine carbonic acid salt;AMINOGUANIDINE; CARBONIC ACID;HB0111;AKOS015894487;AKOS015901290;hydrazinecarboximidamide bicarbonate salt;hydrazinecarboximidamide carbonic acid salt;LS-12944;A0307;F87308;Q27293343;[amino(hydrazinyl)methylidene]azanium hydrogen carbonate;F0001-0859;Carbonic acid compound with hydrazinecarboximidamide (1:1)

Aminoguanidine bicarbonate can be synthesized by reacting malonic acid with hydrochloric acid and copper metal hydroxide, which produces copper complexes and aminoguanidine bicarbonate.
AGBAAminoguanidine bicarbonateinterleukins, and activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase, leading to vasodilation and inhibition of platelet aggregation.
Aminoguanidinium bicarbonate or aminoguanidine bicarbonate is a chemical compound used as precursor for the preparation of aminoguanidine compounds.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate has the chemical formula C2H8N4O3.

Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is synonymous with aminoguanidine carbonate, etc.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is a white and fine crystalline powder.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is soft and almost insoluble in water, insoluble in alcohol and other acids.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate will become unstable when heated, and will gradually decompose when the temperature exceeds 50°C.

Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is also used in synthetic drugs and dyes.
In the pharmaceutical industry, aminoguanidine bicarbonate is mainly used in the synthesis of guanidine furan, pyrazole, ribavirin, and propyl.
And aminoguanidine bicarbonate can also be used as a raw material for synthetic pesticides, dyes, photosensitizers, foaming agents and explosives.

Aminoguanidine bicarbonate (AG) is a chemical compound that has been studied for its potential therapeutic applications in a variety of medical conditions.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is a small molecule consisting of an amine group, a guanidine group, and a bicarbonate group.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is a white, odorless, crystalline solid that is slightly soluble in water.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate has been studied for its potential roles in the treatment of various medical conditions, including diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease.

Aminoguanidine bicarbonate Chemical Properties
Melting point: 170-172 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Density: 1,6 g/cm3
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility H2O: soluble2.7g/L at 20°C
Form: Crystalline Powder
Pka: 6.19[at 20 ℃]
Color: White to off-white
PH: 8.9 (5g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: BRN: 3569869
InChIKey: OTXHZHQQWQTQMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -6.61 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 2582-30-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Aminoguanidine bicarbonate (2582-30-1)

White to off-white crystalline powder.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is almost insoluble in water, alcohol and other acids.
Addition of an equimolar amount of freebase aminoguanidine to aminoguanidine bicarbonate will yield aminoguanidinium carbonate.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate will react with acids to yield their respective salts.
X-ray analysis has shown that solid aminoguanidine bicarbonate is actually a zwitterionic molecule, 2-guanidinium-1-aminocarboxylate monohydrate.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is white or slightly reddish crystalline powder.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is almost insoluble in water and alcohol.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is unstable when heated, and will gradually decompensated over 45°C and turn red.

Physical
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is a white solid, slightly soluble in water.
Recrystallization from hot water is possible, but some decomposition always occurs and reprecipitation tends to be slow and incomplete.

Uses
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is of practical importance because of its use in dyes, dispersants, explosives and other commercial applications.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is used in the synthesis of antitumor agents and antileukemic activity.
Also used in the synthesis of neuraminidase inhibitors in the inhibition of influenze.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is an inhibitor of NOS (nitric oxide synthase).
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is used to study the effect of addition of polyamines to rat embryo cell cultures infected with adenovirus type 5.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is used as synthetic raw materials for medicine, pesticide, dye, photographic agent, foaming agent and explosive.

Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is an industrial intermediate widely used in industrial fields such as organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and chemicals.
The endogenous groups of aminoguanidine carbonate can undergo various acylation reactions, condensation reactions, condensation cyclization reactions, etc.

1. The product of aminoguanidine bicarbonate is mainly used in the dye industry.
2. Aminoguanidine bicarbonate can prepare 3-amino-5-carboxy-12.4-triazole, cationic red 2BL, synthesis of X-GRL, aminoguanidine bicarbonate is used (synthetic drug terafidi, propyl prop); aminoguanidine bicarbonate is also can be used for pesticides, nitrofurazone, etc.
3. Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is also a synthetic material for color film, plastic foaming agents and primer tequila.
4. Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is used in the synthesis of medicine and dyes.
In the pharmaceutical industry, aminoguanidine bicarbonate is mainly used to synthesize guanidine furan, pyrazole, ribavirin, and propidium.
5. Aminoguanidine bicarbonate can be used as a synthetic raw material for medicines, pesticides, dyes, photosensitizers, foaming agents, and explosives.

Biochem/physiol Actions
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate protects the cells infected with adenovirus from chromosomal damage.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is a specific and highly effective inhibitor of diamine oxidase present in fetal calf serum.

Synthesis
A synthesis method of aminoguanidine bicarbonate includes reacting an acidic aqueous hydrazine hydrate solution with calcium cyanamide in an elevated temperature to produce an aminoguanidine solution, recovering the solution, and reacting therewith an alkali metal bicarbonate to produce relatively high purity aminoguanidine bicarbonate.

Preparation
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate can be prepared by reacting calcium cyanamide with hydrazine sulfate.
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate can also be easily prepared by reducing nitroguanidine with zinc powder.
Diachrynic used this route obtaining a great yield:
41.14 g zinc powder (629 mmol, 3.3 molar eq.) are weighed and put to the side.
Into a reaction flask of at least 500 mL are put 20.00 g nitroguanidine (192 mmol, 1 molar eq.) and 47.62 g of ammonium sulfate (360 mmol, 1.88 molar eq.) in 285 mL of water.
The suspension is stirred and not everything dissolves, this is expected.
The reaction flask is immersed in an ice bath and equipped with magnetic stirring and a thermometer.
Stirring is started.

Once the solution reaches 10 °C the addition of small spatulas of zinc powder at a time is started.
Monitor the exotherm and don't add too much at once, however the reaction is fairly easy to control.
3-4 spatulas of zinc can be added at a time, making the temperature jump up by 5-8 °C.
The reaction was kept between 5-15 °C, leaning to the latter temperature.
The complete addition of zinc took about 1 hour, during which the ice bath was refilled just once.
Afterwards the reaction was left stirring at about 15 °C for a further 30 minutes.
The pH rose to about 8-9.
Using a fritted vacuum filter the zinc oxide sludge was removed, it filtered fairly easily.

The yellow colored filtrate is put into a flask with magnetic stirring, and 8.57 g of 25% ammonia solution (126 mmol, 0.66 molar eq.) are added as well as 28.57 g of sodium bicarbonate (340 mmol, 0.94 molar eq.) with stirring, Aminoguanidine bicarbonate dissolves after a short while.
The solution is left standing for 12 h during which the aminoguanidine bicarbonate slowly precipitates.
Afterwards Aminoguanidine bicarbonate is vacuum filtered off and air dried.
Yield of aminoguanidine bicarbonate: 15.700 g (115 mmol, 60% based on nitroguanidine)
AMINOGUANIDINE HCL
AMPD; N° CAS : 115-69-5, Nom INCI : AMINOMETHYL PROPANEDIOL, Nom chimique : 2-Amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol,N° EINECS/ELINCS : 204-100-7, 1,3-Propanediol, 2-amino-2-methyl- 1,3-Propanediol, 2-methyl- ; 115-69-5; 204-100-7; 2-Amino-2-methyl-1,3-propandiol ; 2-Amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol; 2-Amino-2-méthyl-1,3-propanediol [French] ; 2-amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol; 635708 [Beilstein]; Aminomethyl propanediol; Ammediol; AMPD; (1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)ammonium; [115-69-5]; 1,1-di(hydroxymethyl)ethylamine; 1,3-Dihydroxy-2-amino-2-methylpropane; 1,3-Dihydroxy-2-methyl-2-propylamine; 17162-11-7 [RN]; 2-​amino-​2-​methylpropane-​1,​3-​diol; 2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1, 3-PROPANEDIOL; 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol(ampd) 2-Amino-2-methylpropan-1,3-diol; 2-Amino-2-methyl-propane-1,3-diol; 2-Amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol, high purity; 2-Amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol|Ammediol, AMPD; 2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANEDIOL; 2-METHYL-2-AMINO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL; Aminoglycol; Ammediol, AMPD; AMPD; Ammediol204-100-7MFCD00004678; GENTIMON; isobutandiol-2-amine. Pentaerythritol DichlorohydrinSes fonctions (INCI): Régulateur de pH : Stabilise le pH des cosmétiques
AMINOGUANIDINE HYDROGEN CARBONATE
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate showcases its prowess in cellular defense mechanisms, safeguarding cells from adenovirus-induced chromosomal damage and bolstering the immune response against viral infections.
By mitigating vascular impairments associated with diabetes, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate actively contributes to preserving cardiovascular health, potentially reducing the risk of severe complications arising from diabetic-related vascular issues.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate's versatility as a raw material plays a pivotal role in advancing drug development and therapeutic solutions, making it an indispensable resource in the pursuit of better healthcare.

CAS Number: 2582-30-1
EC Number: 219-956-7
Chemical Formula: CH6N4·H2CO3
Molecular Weight: 136.11

Synonyms: Aminoguanidine bicarbonate, 2582-30-1, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate, 2200-97-7, 2-aminoguanidine;carbonic acid, Aminoguanidinium bicarbonate, Aminoguanidine carbonate (1:1), Aminoguanidium hydrogen carbonate, N1-Aminoguanidine carbonate (1:1), Aminoguanidine carbonate, Aminoguanidine hydrogencarbonate, MFCD00012949, BA 51-090222, NSC7887, N''-aminoguanidine; carbonic acid, amino(diaminomethylidene)azanium;hydrogen carbonate, 1-Aminoguanidine bicarbonate, Hydrazinecarboximidamide carbonate, NSC 7887, EINECS 219-956-7, Amino guanidine bicarbonate, Guanidine, amino-, hydrogen carbonate, Ba 51-090222 (VAN), N(sup 1)-Aminoguanidine carbonate (1:1), AI3-52138, Guanylhydrazine hydrogencarbonate, UNII-X2151435R9, aminoguandine bicarbonate, EC 219-956-7, SCHEMBL40128, CH6N4.H2CO3, 1-aminoguanidine; carbonic acid, DTXSID2062537, Aminoguanidine bicarbonate, 97%, Amino guanidine hydrogen carbonate, OTXHZHQQWQTQMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N, 1-aminoguanidine carbonic acid salt, AMINOGUANIDINE; CARBONIC ACID, HB0111, AKOS015894487, AKOS015901290, hydrazinecarboximidamide bicarbonate salt, hydrazinecarboximidamide carbonic acid salt, LS-12944, A0307, F87308, Q27293343, [amino(hydrazinyl)methylidene]azanium hydrogen carbonate, F0001-0859, Carbonic acid compound with hydrazinecarboximidamide (1:1)

Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is a pharmaceutical drug that has been used for the treatment of chronic renal failure and congestive heart failure.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate has also been studied for its potential use in Alzheimer's disease.

Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is the most commonly used form of aminoguanidine in clinical trials.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate can be synthesized by reacting malonic acid with hydrochloric acid and copper metal hydroxide, which produces copper complexes and Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukins, and activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase, leading to vasodilation and inhibition of platelet aggregation.

Aminoguanidinium bicarbonate or Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is a chemical compound used as precursor for the preparation of aminoguanidine compounds.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate has the chemical formula C2H8N4O3.

Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate, also referred to as Aminoguanidine bicarbonate, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C2H8N4O3.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate has a wide range of applications in the pharmaceutical and specialty chemical industries.

The potential of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate to shield cells from adenovirus-induced chromosomal damage showcases Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate prowess in cellular defense mechanisms, promising to bolster the immune response against viral infections.
Acting as an inhibitor of NOS, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate exerts control over the intricate nitric oxide synthesis process, paving the way for therapeutic interventions in conditions where excess nitric oxide could cause detrimental effects.

Significantly, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate's role in combating diabetic vascular dysfunction highlights Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate clinical relevance in managing diabetes.
By mitigating vascular impairments associated with diabetes, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate contributes to the preservation of cardiovascular health, potentially reducing the risk of severe complications stemming from diabetic-related vascular issues.

Beyond Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate's biological effects, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate emerges as an indispensable resource in the realm of chemical synthesis.
As a foundational building block for diverse pharmaceuticals, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate empowers researchers and manufacturers to create innovative drugs targeting a wide range of medical conditions.
Additionally, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate's application in pesticide production fortifies agricultural practices, ensuring enhanced crop protection and improved yields.

Furthermore, the compound's relevance in the production of dyes and foaming agents underscores Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate's significance in the industrial sector.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate's unique properties make it an ideal candidate for creating vibrant and durable dyes, catering to various industries such as textiles, cosmetics, and more.
Simultaneously, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate's capacity as a foaming agent plays a crucial role in the production of numerous consumer products, ranging from personal care items to industrial materials.

Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate has chemical structure H2NC(=NH)NHNH2·H2CO3.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate appears as white crystalline powder.

Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is hygroscopic in nature.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate or Aminoguanidine bicarbonate or Guanylhydrazine hydrogencarbonate is White crystalline powder, negligibly soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol and other acids.

Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of medicines, pesticides, dyes, photographic chemicals and foaming agents.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate Amino guanidine bicarbonate is used as a drug intermediate.

Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate, also known as Aminoguanidine bicarbonate, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C2H8N4O3, highly valued for Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate's applications in the pharmaceutical industry.

In the pharmaceutical sector, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate's remarkable capabilities shine through.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate showcases its prowess in cellular defense mechanisms, safeguarding cells from adenovirus-induced chromosomal damage and bolstering the immune response against viral infections.

Additionally, as an effective inhibitor of NOS (nitric oxide synthase), this compound plays a crucial role in controlling the intricate nitric oxide synthesis process.
As a result, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate opens up avenues for therapeutic interventions in conditions where excessive nitric oxide levels could lead to harmful effects.

One of the most significant clinical applications of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate lies in managing diabetes.
By mitigating vascular impairments associated with diabetes, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate actively contributes to preserving cardiovascular health, potentially reducing the risk of severe complications arising from diabetic-related vascular issues.

However, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate's primary role in the pharmaceutical industry is Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate's utility as a foundational building block for a diverse range of pharmaceuticals.
This unique characteristic empowers researchers and manufacturers to create innovative drugs that target a wide spectrum of medical conditions.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is versatility as a raw material plays a pivotal role in advancing drug development and therapeutic solutions, making Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate an indispensable resource in the pursuit of better healthcare.

Applications of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate was used to study the effect of addition of polyamines to rat embryo cell cultures infected with adenovirus type 5.

Aminoguanidine is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, dyestuffs and other organic derivatives (photochemicals, explosives).
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is used in the purification of acrylic acid to remove aldehydes.

Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate protects the cells infected with adenovirus from chromosomal damage.
Aminoguanidine is a specific and highly effective inhibitor of diamine oxidase present in fetal calf serum.

Uses of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is also used as a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase in biochemistry.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate (AGB) is of practical importance because of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is use in dyes, dispersants, explosives and other commercial applications.

Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is used in the synthesis of antitumor agents and antileukemic activity.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is also used in the synthesis of neuraminidase inhibitors in the inhibition of influenze.

Industry Uses:
Intermediate
Other

Biochem/physiol Actions of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate protects the cells infected with adenovirus from chromosomal damage.
Aminoguanidine is a specific and highly effective inhibitor of diamine oxidase present in fetal calf serum.

General Manufacturing Information of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:

Industry Processing Sectors:
All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing

Preparation of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:
Aminoguanidinium bicarbonate can be prepared by reacting calcium cyanamide with hydrazine sulfate.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate can also be easily prepared by reducing nitroguanidine with zinc powder.

Diachrynic used this route obtaining a great yield:
41.14 g zinc powder (629 mmol, 3.3 molar eq.) are weighed and put to the side.
Into a reaction flask of at least 500 mL are put 20.00 g nitroguanidine (192 mmol, 1 molar eq.) and 47.62 g of ammonium sulfate (360 mmol, 1.88 molar eq.) in 285 mL of water.

The suspension is stirred and not everything dissolves, this is expected.
The reaction flask is immersed in an ice bath and equipped with magnetic stirring and a thermometer.
Stirring is started.

Once the solution reaches 10 °C the addition of small spatulas of zinc powder at a time is started.
Monitor the exotherm and don't add too much at once, however the reaction is fairly easy to control.

3-4 spatulas of zinc can be added at a time, making the temperature jump up by 5-8 °C.
The reaction was kept between 5-15 °C, leaning to the latter temperature.

The complete addition of zinc took about 1 hour, during which the ice bath was refilled just once.
Afterwards the reaction was left stirring at about 15 °C for a further 30 minutes.

The pH rose to about 8-9.
Using a fritted vacuum filter the zinc oxide sludge was removed, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate filtered fairly easily.

The yellow colored filtrate is put into a flask with magnetic stirring, and 8.57 g of 25% ammonia solution (126 mmol, 0.66 molar eq.) are added as well as 28.57 g of sodium bicarbonate (340 mmol, 0.94 molar eq.) with stirring, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate dissolves after a short while.
The solution is left standing for 12 h during which the Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate slowly precipitates.

Afterwards Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is vacuum filtered off and air dried.

Yield of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate: 15.700 g (115 mmol, 60% based on nitroguanidine)

Production of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:

1-) Two hundred and sixteen grams (2.07 moles) of nitroguanidine1 and 740 g. (11.3 moles) of purified zinc dust are thoroughly ground together in a mortar, and then enough water (about 400 ml.) is added with stirring with the pestle to form a thick paste.
The paste is transferred to a 3-l (enameled can or beaker surrounded by an ice bath)

A solution of 128 g. (2.14 moles) of glacial acetic acid in 130 ml of water is cooled to 5° in another 3-l (Beaker, which is fitted with a strong mechanical stirrer and surrounded by an ice bath)
The paste of nitroguanidine and zinc dust, cooled to 5°, is added slowly with mechanical stirring, the temperature of the reaction mixture being kept between 5° and 15°.
A total of about 1 kg of cracked ice is added to the mixture from time to time as the mixture becomes too warm or too thick to stir.

The addition of the paste takes about 8 hours, and the final volume of the mixture is about 1.5 l.
The mixture is then slowly warmed to 40° on a water bath with continued stirring, and this temperature is maintained for 1–5 minutes, until reduction is complete.

The solution is immediately separated from the insoluble material by filtration on a 20-cm.
Büchner funnel, and the cake is sucked as dry as possible.

The residue is transferred to the 3-l (beaker, triturated well with 1 l) of water, and then separated from the liquid by filtration.
In the same manner, the residue is washed twice more with two 600-ml. portions of water.

The filtrates are combined and placed in a 5-l (round-bottomed flask)
Two hundred grams of ammonium chloride is added, and the solution is mechanically stirred until solution is complete.

The stirring is continued, and 220 g. (2.62 moles) of sodium bicarbonate is added during a period of about 10 minutes.
The Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate begins to precipitate after a few minutes, and the solution is then placed in a refrigerator overnight.

The precipitate is collected by filtration on a Büchner funnel.
The cake is removed to a 1-l (beaker and mixed with a 400-ml) portion of a 5% solution of ammonium chloride and filtered.

Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is again washed with two 400-ml portions of distilled water, the wash solution being removed each time by filtration.
Finally the solid is pressed down on the Büchner funnel; the mat is broken up with a spatula and washed while on the funnel with two 400-ml (portions of 95% ethanol and then with one 400-ml) (portion of ether)
After air drying, the Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate amounts to 180–182 g.

2-) 1. The zinc is purified by stirring 1.2 kg of commercial zinc dust with 3 l of 2% hydrochloric acid for 1 minute.

The acid is removed by filtration, and the zinc is washed in a 4-l beaker with one 3-l portion of 2% hydrochloric acid, three 3-l portions of distilled water, two 2-l portions of 95% ethanol, and finally with one 2-l portion of absolute ether, the wash solutions being removed each time by filtration.
Then the material is thoroughly dried and any lumps are broken up in a mortar.

2. The solution becomes basic to litmus after one-half to three-fourths of the paste has been added.
Lower yields are obtained if a larger excess of acetic acid is employed.

3. The state of reduction can be determined by placing 3 drops of the reaction mixture in a test tube containing 5 ml of a 10% solution of sodium hydroxide and then adding 5 ml of a freshly prepared saturated solution of ferrous ammonium sulfate.
A red coloration indicates incomplete reduction; when the reduction is complete, only a greenish precipitate is observed.
The mixture should not be heated after this test shows that reduction is complete.

4. The presence of the ammonium chloride prevents the coprecipitation of zinc salts when sodium bicarbonate is added to the solution to precipitate the aminoguanidine as the bicarbonate.
If the solution is not clear at this step, Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate should be filtered.

5. The Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is pure enough for most purposes.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate should not be recrystallized from hot water, since decomposition will occur.

6. W. W. Hartman and Ross Philips have submitted a procedure suitable for the preparation of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate on a larger scale.
The sulfates of methylisothiourea and of hydrazine are allowed to react with the evolution of methyl mercaptan.

In a 30-gal crock are placed 10 l of water and 5760 g (20 moles) of methylisothiourea sulfate In a 22-l flask, 5.2 kg (40 moles) of hydrazine sulfate is stirred with 12 l of water, and 40% sodium hydroxide is added until all the hydrazine sulfate has dissolved and the solution is just neutral to Congo paper.

The exact amount of alkali is noted and a duplicate amount added.
The hydrazine solution is then added to the 30-gal crock with stirring, as fast as possible, without allowing the foam to overflow the crock.

The mixing is done out-of-doors, or in an efficient hood, since large volumes of methyl mercaptan are evolved.
If the reaction is carried out on a smaller scale in 12- or 22-l flasks, using appropriate amounts of material, the methyl mercaptan evolved may be absorbed in cold sodium hydroxide solution and isolated if desired.

The solution is stirred until evolution of mercaptan stops, and then a few liters of water are distilled off under reduced pressure to free the solution entirely from mercaptan.
The residual liquor is chilled in a crock, and a crop of hydrated sodium sulfate is filtered off, washed with ice water, and discarded.

The filtrate is warmed to 20–25°, 25 ml of glacial acetic acid is added, then 4 kg of sodium bicarbonate, and the solution is stirred vigorously for 5 minutes and thereafter occasionally during an hour, or until the precipitate no longer increases.
The precipitate is filtered with suction and washed with ice water and then with methanol, and is dried at a temperature not above 60–70°.

The yield is 3760 g (69% of the theoretical amount).
Hydrazine sulfate may be recovered from the final filtrate, if the filtrate is strongly acidified with sulfuric acid and allowed to cool.

3. Discussion
Numerous references for the preparation of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate and other salts can be found in an excellent review article by Lieber and Smith.
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate has also been prepared by treating a cyanamide solution at 20–50° with hydrazine and carbon dioxide, and by the electrolytic reduction of nitroguanidine.

Typical Properties of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:

Chemical:
Addition of an equimolar amount of freebase aminoguanidine to Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate will yield aminoguanidinium carbonate.
Aminoguanidinium bicarbonate will react with acids to yield their respective salts.
X-ray analysis has shown that solid Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is actually a zwitterionic molecule, 2-guanidinium-1-aminocarboxylate monohydrate.

Physical:
Aminoguanidinium bicarbonate is a white solid, slightly soluble in water.
Recrystallization from hot water is possible, but some decomposition always occurs and reprecipitation tends to be slow and incomplete.

Handling and storage of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:

Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapor/spray.

Hygiene criteria:
Do not take contaminated clothing out of the workplace.
Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Storage conditions:
Store in original container.
Store in a well-ventilated place.

Stability and reactivity of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:

Reaction:
No additional information

Chemical stability:
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate is stable under normal conditions.

Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No additional information

Conditions to avoid:
Avoid dust formation.
Do not allow contact with water.

Incompatible materials:
No additional information

Harmful decomposition products:
No additional information

First Aid Measures of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:

First aid measures in case of inhalation:
Remove the person to fresh air and allow them to breathe comfortably.
Give oxygen or artificial respiration if necessary.
If you feel unwell, seek medical help.

First aid measures in case of skin contact:
Wash thoroughly with plenty of soap and water.

If skin irritation occurs:
Get medical help/intervention.

First aid measures in case of eye contact:
Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to remove.
Rinse constantly.
Rinse carefully with water for a few minutes.

If eye irritation is persistent:
Get medical advice/care.

First aid measures in case of swallowing:
Rinse mouth out with water.
If you feel unwell, seek medical help.

Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed:

Symptoms/effects following inhalation:
Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate causes allergic skin reactions.

Initial signs that require medical attention and special treatment:
Treat symptomatically.

Fir Fighting Measures of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:

Fire extinguishers:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Dry chemical powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide (CO2).

Unsuitable extinguishing media:
Do not use fire extinguishing materials containing water.

Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture:
No additional information

Advice for firefighting crews:

Protection in case of fire:
Do not attempt to take action without suitable protective equipment.

Accidental Release Measures of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:

Emergency plans:
Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing.

For emergency responders:

Protective equipment:
Use personal protective equipment.

Emergency plans:
Stop exposure.

Environmental precautions:
Long-lasting, toxic effect in the aquatic environment.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning:

Cleaning operations:
Clean up immediately by sweeping or vacuuming.

Identifiers of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:
CAS No: [2582-30-1]
Product Code: FA33808
MDL No: MFCD00012949
Chemical Formula: CH6N4·H2CO3
Molecular Weight: 136.11 g/mol
Smiles: C(=NN)(N)N.C(=O)(O)O
Melting Point: 171.50 °C

Quality Level: 100
Assay: 97%
mp: 170-172 °C (dec.) (lit.)

solubility:
H2O: soluble 2.7 g/L at 20 °C
H2O: soluble 3.3 g/L at 30 °C

SMILES string: OC(O)=O.NNC(N)=N
InChI: 1S/CH6N4.CH2O3/c2-1(3)5-4;2-1(3)4/h4H2,(H4,2,3,5);(H2,2,3,4)
InChI key: OTXHZHQQWQTQMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Product Number: A0307
Purity / Analysis Method: >98.0%(T)
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: CH6N4·H2CO3 = 136.11
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
CAS RN: 2582-30-1
Reaxys Registry Number: 3569869
PubChem Substance ID: 87561960
SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 1667
MDL Number: MFCD00012949

Synonym(s): Aminoguanidine hydrogencarbonate, Guanylhydrazine hydrogencarbonate
Linear Formula: NH2NHC(=NH)NH2 · H2CO3
CAS Number: 2582-30-1
Molecular Weight: 136.11
Beilstein: 3569869
EC Number: 219-956-7
MDL number: MFCD00012949
PubChem Substance ID: 24846902
NACRES: NA.22

Properties of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:
Molecular Weight: 136.11 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 5
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 5
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 136.05964013 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 136.05964013 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 148Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 9
Complexity: 67.9
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Physical State: Solid
Solubility: Soluble in water (3.3 mg/ml at 30° C), and water (2.7 mg/ml at 20° C).
Storage: Store at 4° C
Melting Point: 170-172° C (lit.)(dec.)
Boiling Point: 422.4° C at 760 mmHg
Density: 1.60 g/cm3
Refractive Index: n20D ~1.67 (Predicted)

Specifications of Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate:
Appearance: White to Light yellow powder to crystal
Purity(Nonaqueous Titration): min. 98.0 %
Purity( Potassium iodate Method): min. 98.0 %

Melting Point: 125°C
Color: White
Ignition Residue: 0.3% max.
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 98.5%
Packaging: Plastic Bottle
Linear Formula: H2NNHC(=NH)NH2·H2CO3
Quantity: 250 g
Beilstein: 03,117
Solubility Information: Solubility in water: <5g/L (20°C)
Formula Weight: 136.11
Percent Purity: 98.50%
Physical Form: Crystalline Powder
Chemical Name or Material: Aminoguanidine hydrogen carbonate
AMINOISOBUTANOL
AMINOISOBUTANOL = AMP-95 = 2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL


CAS Number: 124-68-5
EC Number: 204-709-8
MDL Number: MFCD00008051
Chemical formula: (CH3)2C(NH2)CH2OH / C4H11NO


Aminoisobutanol is an organic compound with the formula H2NC(CH3)2CH2OH.
Aminoisobutanol is colorless liquid that is classified as an alkanolamine.
Aminoisobutanol is a useful buffer and a precursor to numerous other organic compounds.
Aminoisobutanol can be produced by the hydrogenation of 2-aminoisobutyric acid or its esters.


Aminoisobutanol is soluble in water and about the same density as water.
Aminoisobutanol is a precursor to oxazolines via its reaction with acyl chlorides.
Via sulfation of the alcohol, Aminoisobutanol is also a precursor to 2,2-dimethylaziridine.
Aminoisobutanol appears as a clear light colored liquid.


Aminoisobutanol is insoluble in water and about the same density as water.
Aminoisobutanol's Flash point is172 °F.
Aminoisobutanol hydrochloride is also called AMP, a biological buffer component.
Aminoisobutanol is white crystals or viscous liquid


Aminoisobutanol is insoluble in water.
Aminoisobutanol is a clear, colorless liquid that neutralizes acids to form salts and water.
Aminoisobutanol is an alkanolamine.
Aminoisobutanol or aminomethyl propanol is a colorless, viscous liquid that functions as a pH adjuster.


Key attributes include neutralization, dispersancy, pH buffering, non-yellowing, stability, formulation optimization, alkaline pH development and corrosion control, offering inumerous benefits throughout the life cycle of a latex paint compared to regular pH neutralizers, such as ammonia, MEA, NaOH and also branded amines.
Aminoisobutanol is colorless, mobile liquid with a relatively low viscosity remains liquid at temperatures as low as 4°C to permit easy, convenient handling.
Aminoisobutanol is a multifunctional neutralizer containing 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and 5% added water.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMINOISOBUTANOL:
Cosmetic Uses of Aminoisobutanol: buffering agents
Aminoisobutanol is used to make other chemicals (surface-active agents, vulcanization accelerators, and pharmaceuticals) and as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, leather dressings, textile specialties, polishes, cleaning compounds, and so-called soluble oils.


Aminoisobutanol is also used in hair sprays, wave sets, hair dyes, Pamabrom (drug), and absorbents for acidic gases.
Aminoisobutanol is used as a pigment dispersant for water-based paints, resin solubilizer, corrosion inhibitor, protecting agent for carbonyl groups and in boiler-water treatment
Aminoisobutanol is used to make other chemicals.


Aminoisobutanol is used for the preparation of buffer solutions.
Aminoisobutanol is a component of the drugs ambuphylline and pamabrom.
Aminoisobutanol is also used in cosmetics.
Aminoisobutanol is used in the synthesis of Fepradinol & G-130.


Aminoisobutanol is also used for Isobucaine, and Radafaxine.
Aminoisobutanol is used for the preparation of buffer solution and in cosmetics.
Aminoisobutanol is also used in ATR-FTIR spectroscopic investigation of the carbon monoxide absorption characteristics of a series of heterocyclic diamines.


Aminoisobutanol is used for the preparation of buffer solutions, suitable for the determination of alkaline phosphatase.
Aminoisobutanol is also used in ATR-FTIR spectroscopic investigation of the carbon monoxide absorption characteristics of a series of heterocyclic diamines.
Aminoisobutanol has been used as an component in enzyme assay for screening the alkaline phosphatase activity in sarcoma osteogenic (SaOS-2) cells.


Aminoisobutanol is used for the preparation of buffer solutions.
Aminoisobutanol is used in the preparation of buffer solutions, suitable for the determination of alkaline phosphatase.
Aminoisobutanol is used to make other chemicals (surface-active agents, vulcanization accelerators, and pharmaceuticals) and as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, leather dressings, textile specialties, polishes, cleaning compounds, and so-called soluble oils.


Aminoisobutanol is also used in hair sprays, wave sets, hair dyes, Pamabrom (drug), and absorbents for acidic gases.
Aminoisobutanol is used as a pigment dispersant for water-based paints, resin solubilizer, corrosion inhibitor, protecting agent for carbonyl groups and in boiler-water treatment.
Aminoisobutanol is used pH adjuster that can also be found in lotions, hair and skin care products.


Aminoisobutanol is used in the formulation of creams and lotions, hair sprays, wave sets, hair dyes and colors, eye and facial products, and other hair and skin care products.
Aminoisobutanol is used in latex emulsion paints, it promotes acceptance of colorants.
Aminoisobutanol is used in water-borne coatings adn other aqueous applications.


Aminoisobutanol is used corrosion in boiler water systems can be controlled successfully as the amine additive to remove CO2.
Aminoisobutanol is also used as an intermediate in drug synthetic schemes.
Aminoisobutanol is used Adhesives and Sealants, Building and Construction, Pigment Slurries, Dispersions and Colorants, Resins and Emulsion Polymerization, and Inks and Overprint Varnish.


Aminoisobutanol is used Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Household and Industrial Cleaning, Water Treatment, Chemical Manufacturing and Synthesis, Oil and Gas, Coatings, Inks, Metal working fluids, Adhesives, Rubber, Water treatment, Personal care and pharmaceutical intermediates and other industries.
Aminoisobutanol is used Latex Emulsion Paints, Waterborne Coatings, Polyethylene and Wax, Boiler Water Systems, Metal Working Fluids, Personal Care applications, and Aqueous Solutions and Formulations.


Aminoisobutanol is a multifunctional additive used across a wide range of Household and Industrial Cleaning applications.
Aminoisobutanol provides high-efficiency pH control, enhances dispersion of pigments, controls corrosion, and provides compatibility and stability to water-based formulations.
Aminoisobutanol has exceptional thermal and UV stability and is highly resistant to yellowing.


Aminoisobutanol is used in many cosmetic formulations as a neutralizing agent with low viscosity, which is half of TEA.
Aminoisobutanol contributes to moisture resistance, curl resistance, easy rinsing, and product stability.
Aminoisobutano is especially recommended for aerosol products.
Aminoisobutanol is a multifunctional additive and synthetic building block.


The versatility, compatibility and preferred environmental profile of Aminoisobutanol are valued across a wide range of applications and markets.
Aminoisobutanol provides high-efficiency pH control, enhances dispersion of pigments and latex, controls corrosion, and provides compatibility and stability to water-based formulations.


Aminoisobutanol is commonly used as a pH neutralizer, dispersant, surfactant and compatibilizer in architectural paints, caulks and sealants as well as artist products.
In addition, AMP is the only US EPA VOC-exempt amine .
Aminoisobutanol is recommended for a wide range of applications, such as Architectural and Industrial Coatings, Emulsion

Polymerization, Inks, Adhesives and Solvent-borne alkyds.
Aminoisobutanol is a multifunctional neutralizer containing 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and 5% added water.
Aminoisobutanol acts as a corrosion inhibitor.
Aminoisobutanol is a colorless liquid with relatively low viscosity.


Aminoisobutanol contributes to pH stability, low odor and anticorrosive properties.
Aminoisobutanol promotes acceptance of colorants.
Aminoisobutanol is a very efficient amine for neutralizing the carboxylic acid moieties in acid-functional resins to make them suitable for use in water-borne coatings and other aqueous applications.


In latex emulsion paints, Aminoisobutanol is a very efficient co-dispersant for pigments.
In addition, Aminoisobutanol contributes pH stability, low odor, and anticorrosive properties; furthermore, it promotes acceptance of colorants.
Aminoisobutanol is an effective emulsifier for polyethylene and wax by either the normal emulsification techniques or those requiring pressure.


Aminoisobutanol is a very efficient amine for neutralizing the carboxylic acid moieties in acid-functional resins to make them suitable for use in water-borne coatings and other aqueous applications.
Such coatings formulations exhibit higher gloss and greater water resistance than do formulations based on other neutralizing amines.
Corrosion in boiler-water systems can be controlled successfully by use of Aminoisobutanol as the amine additive to remove CO2.


Aminoisobutanol is a high performance alkanolamine, proven as a multifunctional additive for metalworking fluids.
Aminoisobutanol is a highly efficient alkalinity enhancer which also provides corrosion inhibition properties.
The use of Aminoisobutanol will often improve the blostability of these fluids, which can result in longer fluid life.
Aminoisobutanol is the least aggressive amine towards the cobalt binder in carbide tooling.



As an added feature, Aminoisobutanol enhances the performance of triazine biocides, while reducing levels of airborne formaldehyde. Aminoisobutanol does not contribute to ammonia release as do other amines.
Aminoisobutanol is an important additive for the personal care industry.
Aminoisobutanol is compatible with virtually all fixative
resins.


Aminoisobutanol's high base strength and low molecular weight allow formulators to use significantly less
Aminoisobutanol is used for resin neutralization.
Aminoisobutanol possesses liquid phase corrosion inhibition properties, especially useful for the protection of aerosol cans containing aqueous based formulations.


Aminoisobutanol can also be used to neutralize Carbomer resins, in emulsification together with stearic acid, and to make amides and other derivatives used as cosmetic ingredients (CTFA/INCI designation: Aminomethyl propanol).
Aminoisobutanol also functions in dilute aqueous solutions containing small amounts of formaldehyde to scavenge that which otherwise might be released to the atmosphere.


-Uses of Aminoisobutanol:
*In the synthesis of surface-active agents, vulcanization accelerators, pharmaceuticals.
*As emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, leather dressings, textile specialties, polishes, cleaning compounds, so-called soluble oils. In hair sprays, wave sets and hair dyes.
*Absorbent for acidic gases.


-Uses and Applications of Aminoisobutanol:
*Architectural Coatings
*Industrial and Automotive Coatings
*Epoxies, Polyurethanes and Other Reactive Chemistries
*Adhesives and Sealants
*Building and Construction
*Pigment Slurries, Dispersions and Colorants
*Resins and Emulsion Polymerization
*Inks and Overprint Varnish
*Pharmaceutical Synthesis
*Household and Industrial Cleaning
*Water Treatment
*Chemical Manufacturing and Synthesis
*Oil and Gas



AMINOISOBUTANOL USE BENEFITS INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, THE FOLLOWING:
■ Efficient Amine for Resin Neutralization
– High base strength
– Relatively low molecular weight
■ Multiple Food Contact Approvals
■ Acts as a Co-Dispersant for Particulate
Systems
■ Corrosion Inhibitor for Steam-Condensate
Lines
■ Key Component of Low Cobalt-Leaching
Metalworking Fluids
■ Acts as a Formaldehyde Scavenger
■ Useful Raw Material for Synthesis
Applications
■ Component of Powerful Anionic Emulsifier
Systems



BIOCHEM/PHYSIOL ACTIONS OF AMINOISOBUTANOL:
Aminoisobutanol is a substituted aliphatic alcohol and is used majorly as a pH balancer in cosmetic formulations.
Aminoisobutanol has phototoxic effect as it can interact and penetrate above the sebum layer.
However, Aminoisobutanol is not carcinogenic.



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF AMINOISOBUTANOL:
Aminoisobutanol is an aminoalcohol.
Amines are chemical bases.
They neutralize acids to form salts plus water.
These acid-base reactions are exothermic.
The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base.
Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMINOISOBUTANOL:
Chemical formula: C4H11NO
Molar mass: 89.138 g·mol−1
Average mass: 89.136 Da
Monoisotopic mass: 89.084061 Da
Density: 0.934 g/cm3
Melting point: 30–31 °C (86–88 °F; 303–304 K)
Boiling point: 165.5 °C (329.9 °F; 438.6 K)
Solubility in water: Miscible
Solubility in alcohols: Soluble
Min. Purity Spec: 95% (GC)
Physical Form (at 20°C): Liquid
Melting Point: 24-28°C
Boiling Point: 164-166°C
Flash Point: 67°C
Density: 0.934
Long-Term Storage: Store long-term in a cool, dry place

Appearance Form: solid
Color: colorless
Odor: amine-like
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 24 - 28 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 165 °C - lit.
Flash point: 82,1 °C
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: 0,45 hPa at 20,0 °C
Vapor density: No data available
Density: 0,934 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.


Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: 8,9 g/l at 20,0 °C - completely soluble
Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water: log Pow: -0,63 at 20 °C
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 102 mPa.s at 30,0 °C
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Physical description: A clear light colored liquid.
Boiling point: 329°F
Molecular weight: 89.14
Freezing point/melting point: 89.6°F


Flash point: 153°F
Specific gravity: 0.935
Molecular Weight: 89.14
XLogP3-AA: -0.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 89.084063974
Monoisotopic Mass: 89.084063974
Topological Polar Surface Area: 46.2 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 42.8
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0


Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance (Clarity): Clear
Appearance (Colour): Colouless to pale yellow
Appearance (Form): Liquid
Assay (GC): min. 95%
pH (0.1M aq. solution): 11.0-12.0
Density (g/ml) @ 20°C: 0.928-0.930
Refractive Index (20°C): 1.446-1.448
Boiling Range: 164-166°C
Melting Point: 25-28°C
Water (KF): max. 5%

Melting point: 24-28 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 165 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.934 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density: 3 (vs air)
vapor pressure: refractive index: n20/D 1.4455(lit.)
Flash point: 153 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: H2O: 0.1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
form: Low Melting Solid
Specific Gravity: 0.934
color: Colorless
PH: 11.0-12.0 (25℃, 0.1M in H2O)
pka: 9.7(at 25℃)
PH Range: 9.0 - 10.5


Water Solubility: miscible
λmax
λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.01
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck: 14,449
BRN: 505979
Stability: Stable.
Appearance: pale yellow to amber brown liquid to solid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.93400 @ 25.00 °C.
Melting Point: 24.00 to 28.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 165.00 to 166.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
PH Number: 9.00 to 10.50
Vapor Pressure: 0.566000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density: 3 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 154.00 °F. TCC ( 68.00 °C. )
logP (o/w): -0.611 (est)
Soluble in: water, 1000000 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMINOISOBUTANOL:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMINOISOBUTANOL:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMINOISOBUTANOL:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMINOISOBUTANOL:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMINOISOBUTANOL:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMINOISOBUTANOL:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
2-Amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol
Isobutanol-2-amine
Aminoisobutanol
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
1-Propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-
2-amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol
AMP-95
AMP
2-aminodimethylethanol
β -aminoisobutanol
2-amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
isobutanol-2-amine
isobutanolamine
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
isobutanol-2-amine
amp regular
2-aminoisobutanol
aminomethylpropanol
2-amino-2-methylpropanol
2-methyl-2-aminopropanol
2-aminodimethylethanol
hydroxy-tert-butylamine
beta.-Aminoisobutanol
1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine
1-PROPANOL,2-AMINO,2-METHYL
1-Propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-
2-Amino-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropane
2-Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
2-Amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol
2-Aminodimethyl Ethanol
2-Aminodimethylethanol
2-Aminoisobutanol
2-Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine
2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol
2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol-1
A0333;AB1003856
AC1L1Y6F
AC1Q1NMT
AKOS000119511
AMP
AMP 75
AMP 95
AMP Regular
Aminomethyl propanol
Aminomethylpropanol
Amp-95
BB_SC-6588
Corrguard 75
Hydroxy-tert-butylamine
I05-0097
Isobutanol-2-amine
Isobutanolamine
Jsp001620
KV 5088
Oprea1_147215
beta-Aminoisobutanol
beta-Aminoisobutyl alcohol
A-Aminoisobutyl alcohol
1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine
1-Propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-
2-Amino-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropane
2-Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol
2-Amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol
2-Amino-2-methylpropanol
2-Aminodimethylethanol
2-Aminoisobutanol
2-Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine
2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol
2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol-1
AMP
AMP (thinner)
AMP 75
AMP 95
AMP Regular
Aminomethylpropanol
AMP-95
Corrguard 75
Hydroxy-tert-butylamine
Isobutanol-2-amine
KV 5088
beta-Aminoisobutanol
Isobutanolamine
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
124-68-5
2-Amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol
Aminomethylpropanol
1-Propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-
2-Aminoisobutanol
Isobutanol-2-amine
AMP Regular
2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANOL
Aminomethyl propanol
2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol
2-Aminodimethylethanol
2-Amino-2-methyl-propan-1-ol
Hydroxy-tert-butylamine
Corrguard 75
2-Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol
AMP (thinner)
Amp-95
Isobutanolamine
1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine
2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol-1
2-Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine
AMP 95
2-Amino-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropane
.beta.-Aminoisobutanol
AMP 75
NSC 441
KV 5088
MFCD00008051
NSC-441
LU49E6626Q
DSSTox_CID_7032
DSSTox_RID_78283
DSSTox_GSID_27032
beta-Aminoisobutanol
Caswell No. 037
beta-Aminoisobutyl alcohol
CAS-124-68-5
HSDB 5606
EINECS 204-709-8
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 005801
BRN 0505979
UNII-LU49E6626Q
2-Methyl-2-amino-1-propanol
AI3-03947
A-Aminoisobutyl alcohol
2,2-Dimethyl-ethanolamine
Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol
2-amino 2-methyl propanol
2-amino-2-methyl propanol
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (90% or less)
EC 204-709-8
Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine
2-Amino-2-methyl-propanol
Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
H2NC(CH3)2CH2OH
NCIOpen2_009031
2-amino-2-methyl-1propanol
2-amino-2-methylpropan-1ol
2amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
Oprea1_147215
2-amino-2-methylpropan-l-ol
2-amino-2-methyl 1-propanol
2-amino-2-methyl-1 propanol
2-methyl-2-aminopropan-1-ol
1-Propanol-2-amino-2-methyl
AMP, Technical Grade, 95%
2-amino-2,2,dimethyl-ethanol
CHEMBL122588
NSC441
2-amino-2 -methyl-1-propanol
2-amino-2- methylpropan-1-ol
2-amino-2-methyl-1 -propanol
AMINOMETHYLPROPANOL [II]
DTXSID8027032
2-Amino-2-methyl-propane-1-ol
2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethylamine
1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-propylamine
3-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-propylamine
1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-aminopropane
AMINOMETHYL PROPANOL [INCI]
AMY25550
STR01693
ZINC1555527
Tox21_201780
Tox21_303149
2-Amino-2-methylpropanol (~95%)
BBL023024
STL284638
1-PROPANOL,2-AMINO,2-METHYL
AKOS000119511
WLN: ZX1 & 1 & 1Q
CS-W013743
SB83772
2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANOL
NCGC00249118-01
NCGC00257048-01
NCGC00259329-01
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 93-97%
2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL
DB-041780
A0333
FT-0611018
FT-0661937
2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL
P20005
Q32703
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, BioXtra, >=95%
A805277
Q-200228
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, Technical Grade, 95%
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, purum, >=97.0% (GC)
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, technical, >=90% (GC)
F2190-0372
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, BioUltra, >=99.0% (GC)
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, ~5% Water, technical grade, 90%
2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPAN-1-OL
AMP-95
2-Amino-2-methylpropanol
1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine
Aminomethylpropanol
2-methyl-2-amino-1-propanol
Karl Fischer
2,2-Diethyl-ethanolamine
Isobutanolamine
2-Aminoisobutanol







AMINOMETHYL PROPANEDIOL ( AMPD)
3-aminopropane-1,2-diol; 1,2-Propanediol, 3-amino-; 3-Amino-1, 2-Propanediol; 1-Amino propanediol; AMINOPROPANEDIOL, N° CAS : 616-30-8, Nom INCI : AMINOPROPANEDIOL, Nom chimique : 3-Amino-1,2-propanediol, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 210-475-8, Ses fonctions (INCI) : Régulateur de pH : Stabilise le pH des cosmétiques; (±)-3-Amino-1,2-propanediol; 1,2-Propanediol, 3-amino- ; 210-475-8 [EINECS]; 3-Amino-1,2-proopanediol; 3-Amino-1,2-propandiol [German] ; 3-Amino-1,2-propanediol ; 3-Amino-1,2-propanediol [French] ; 3-amino-1,2-propanediol; (±)-3-aminopropane-1,2-diol; 3-Aminopropan-1,2-diol; 3-aminopropane-1,2-diol; 616-30-8 [RN]; AMINOPROPANEDIOL; "3-AMINOPROPANE-1,2-DIOL"; "3-AMINOPROPANE-1,2-DIOL"|"3-AMINOPROPANE-1,2-DIOL"; (?)-3-Amino-1,2-propanediol; (??)-3-Amino-1,2-propanediol; (^+)-3-amino-1,2-propanediol, 97% (¡À)-3-Amino-1,2-propanediol (±)-3-Amino-1,2-propandiol (±)-3-Amino-1,2-propanediol (2S)-3-Amino-1,2-dihydroxypropane; (2S)-2,3-Dihydroxypropylamine (2S)-3-Aminopropane-1,2-diol (R)-(-)-3-Amino-1,2-propanediol (R)-(+)-Amino-1,2-propanediol (r)-3-amino-1,2-propanediol (R)-3-Aminopropane-1,2-diol (R)-amino-1,2-propanediol (S)-(-)-3-Amino-1,2-propanediol (S)-3-Amino-1,2-propanediol (S)-3-Aminopropane-1,2-diol [616-30-8] 108-68-9 [RN] 13552-31-3 [RN] 1-Amino-2,3-dihydroxypropane 1-Amino-2,3-propanediol 1-Aminoglycerol 1-aminopropanediol 2,3-Dihydroxy-1-propylamine 2,3-Dihydroxypropylamine 2,3-Propandiol-1-amine 210-475-8MFCD00008140 3- Amino-1,2-propanediol 3,5-Dimethylphenol 3-Amino propane 1,2 diol -3-Amino-1,2-propanediol 3-amino-1,2-propanediol 97% 3-amino-1,2-propanediol 98% 3-amino-1,2-propanediol, 98% 3-amino-1,2-propanediol,98% 3-Aminopropane-1,2 diol 3-Aminopropane-1,2-diol 99% 3-Aminopropane-1,2-diol|1-Amino-2,3-dihydroxypropane
AMINOPROPANEDIOL
N° CAS : 99363-37-8, Nom INCI : AMINOPROPYL DIMETHICONE, Classification : Silicone, Ses fonctions (INCI): Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance
AMINOPROPYL DIMETHICONE
Nom INCI : AMINOPROPYL PHENYL TRIMETHICONE, Classification : Silicone, Ses fonctions (INCI): Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état
AMINOPROPYL PHENYL TRIMETHICONE
N° CAS : 919-30-2, Nom INCI : AMINOPROPYL TRIETHOXYSILANE, Nom chimique : 1-Propanamine, 3-(Triethoxysilyl)-, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 213-048-4, Ses fonctions (INCI): Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
AMINOPROPYL TRIETHOXYSILANE
N° CAS : 6419-19-8,Nom INCI : AMINOTRIMETHYLENE PHOSPHONIC ACID, Nom chimique : Nitrilotrimethylenetris(phosphonic acid)., N° EINECS/ELINCS : 229-146-5, Ses fonctions (INCI):Agent de chélation : Réagit et forme des complexes avec des ions métalliques qui pourraient affecter la stabilité et / ou l'apparence des produits cosmétiques. Aminotrimethylene phosphonic acid (nitrilotrimethanediyl)tris(phosphonic acid); (Nitrilotrimethylen)tris(phosphonsäure) [German] ; (Nitrilotris(methylene))triphosphonic acid; [bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]methylphosphonic acid; [Nitrilotris(methylene)]tris(phosphonic acid) ; Acide (nitrilotriméthylène)tris(phosphonique) [French] ; Amino tris(methylene phosphonic acid); Aminotri(methylene phosphonic acid); Aminotris(methanephosphonic acid); Aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid); Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid); ATMP; MFCD00002138 [MDL number]; Nitrilotri(methylphosphonic acid); Phosphonic acid, [nitrilotris(methylene)]tris- ; (bis(phosphonomethyl)amino)methylphosphonic acid; (Nitrilotrimethylene)triphosphonic acid; (nitrilotris(methylene))tri-Phosphonic acid; (nitrilotris(methylene))tris-Phosphonic acid; (Nitrilotris(methylene))trisphosphonic acid; [Nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid; [nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid, sodium salt; {[bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl}phosphonic acid; 1,1,1-Nitrilotris(methylphosphonic acid) 50% in water; Amino trimethylene Phoshonic Acid; Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid; Amino, tris(methylene phosphonic acid); Aminotri(methylenephosphonic acid); Aminotri(methylphosphonic acid); Aminotris; Dequest 2000; Dequest 2001; dimethoxyphosphorylmethanamine; Dowell L 37; Ferrofos 509; Masquol P 320; Mayoquest 1320; Nitrilotrimethanephosphonic acid; Nitrilotrimethylenephosphonic acid; Nitrilotrimethylphosphonic acid; nitrilotris(methylene)triphosphonic acid; NITRILOTRIS(METHYLENE)TRIPHOSPHONICACID; Nitrilotris(methylene)trisphosphonic acid; Nitrilotris(methylenephosphonic acid); Nitrilotris(methylphosphonic acid); NTMP; NTPA; p,p',p''-(Nitrilotris(methylene))tris-Phosphonic acid; P,P',P''-[nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid; pentapotassium hydrogen [nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonate; Phosphonic acid, (nitrilotris(methylene))tri-; Phosphonic acid, (nitrilotris(methylene))tris-; Phosphoric acid, (nitrilotris-(methylene))tris-; sequion OA; Sym-Trimethylaminetriphosphonic acid tris(phosphonomethyl)amine. Nitrilotrimethylenetris(phosphonic acid); Phosphonic acid, P,P',P''-[nitrilotris(methylene)]tris-; (nitrilotrimethanediyl)tris(phosphonic acid); [bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]methylphosphonic; [bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]methylphosphonic acid; [bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]methylphosphonic acid; [nitrilotris(methylene) ]tris(phosphonic acid); [nitrilotris(methylene)]tris(phosphonic acid); AMINO TRI (METHYLENE PHOSPHONIC ACID); Amino Tri(methylene phosphonic acid); Amino tris(methylenephosphonic acid); Amino Tris(Methylenephosphonic) Acid; Amino-tris(methylene phosphonic acid); aminotrimethylene phosphonic acid; Aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid), ATMP; ATMP; ATMP-H; Methylenephosphonic Acid; NITRILOTRIMETHYLENETRIS (PHOSPHONIC ACID); nitrilotrimethylenetris(phosphonic acid; Nitrilotrimethylentris(phosphonsäure); Phosphonic acid, [nitrilotris(methylene)]tris-; {[bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl}phosphonic acid; 1,1,1-Nitrilotri(methylphosphonic acid); [Nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid; Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid; Aminotri(methylenephosphonic acid); Aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid); Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid); ATMPA; Briquest 301-50A; Cublen AP1; Cublen AP5; Nitrilotri(methylenephosphonic acid); NTMP; Tris(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) Amine; Tris(methylenephosphonic acid)amine; Uniphos 200
AMINOSULFONIC ACID
Aminosulfonic Acid, also known as amidosulfonic acid, amidosulfuric acid, and sulfamidic acid, is a molecular compound with the formula H3NSO3.
Aminosulfonic Acid belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as other non-metal oxides.
Aminosulfonic Acid is mainly a precursor to sweet-tasting compounds.


CAS Number: 5329-14-6
EC Number: 226-218-8
Linear Formula: NH2SO3H
Chemical formula: H3NSO3


Aminosulfonic Acid, also known as amidosulfonic acid, amidosulfuric acid, and sulfamidic acid, is a molecular compound with the formula H3NSO3.
This colourless, water-soluble compound, Aminosulfonic Acid, finds many applications.
Aminosulfonic Acid melts at 205 °C before decomposing at higher temperatures to water, sulfur trioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen.


Aminosulfonic Acid (H3NSO3) may be considered an intermediate compound between sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and sulfamide (H4N2SO2), effectively replacing a hydroxyl (–OH) group with an amine (–NH2) group at each step.
This pattern can extend no further in either direction without breaking down the sulfonyl (–SO2–) moiety.


Sulfamates are derivatives of Aminosulfonic Acid.
Aminosulfonic Acid is mainly a precursor to sweet-tasting compounds.
Reaction with cyclohexylamine followed by addition of NaOH gives C6H11NHSO3Na, sodium cyclamate.


Sulfamates have been used in the design of many types of therapeutic agents such as antibiotics, nucleoside/nucleotide human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HIV protease inhibitors (PIs), anticancer drugs (steroid sulfatase and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors), antiepileptic drugs, and weight loss drugs.


Related compounds are also sweeteners, such as acesulfame potassium.
Aminosulfonic Acid is preferable to hydrochloric acid in household use, due to its intrinsic safety.
If erroneously mixed with hypochlorite based products such as bleach, Aminosulfonic Acid does not form chlorine gas, whereas the most common acids would; the reaction (neutralisation) with ammonia, produces a salt, as depicted in the section above.


Aminosulfonic Acid also finds applications in the industrial cleaning of dairy and brewhouse equipment.
Although Aminosulfonic Acid is considered less corrosive than hydrochloric acid, corrosion inhibitors are often added to the commercial cleansers of which it is a component.


Aminosulfonic Acid belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as other non-metal oxides.
These are inorganic compounds containing an oxygen atom of an oxidation state of -2, in which the heaviest atom bonded to the oxygen belongs to the class of 'other non-metals'.


Aminosulfonic Acid, also known as amidosulfonic acid, amidosulfuric acid, and sulfamidic acid, is a molecular compound with the formula H3NSO3.
This colorless, water-soluble compound, Aminosulfonic Acid, finds many applications.
Aminosulfonic Acid, also known as amidosulfonic acid, amidosulfuric acid, aminosulfonic acid, and sulfamidic acid, is a molecular compound with the formula H3NSO3.


Aminosulfonic Acid melts at 205°C before decomposing to water, sulfur trioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen at higher temperatures.
Aminosulfonic Acid (H3NSO3) can be thought of as an intermediate between sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and sulfamide (H4N2SO2), effectively replacing a hydroxyl (–OH) group with an amine (–NH2) group at each step.


This pattern cannot extend in either direction without cleaving the sulfonyl (-SO2-) moiety.
Sulfamates are derivatives of sulfamic acid.
Offering attractive possibilities in deliming and pickling in the leather industry.


Aminosulfonic Acid is The deprotonated form (sulfamate) is a common counterion for Nickel(II) in electroplating.
Aminosulfonic Acid is slightly soluble in methanol, and insoluble in ethanol and ether.
Characteristics of double functional groups of amino gen and sulphonic radical may go on a chemical reaction with many matters.


Aminosulfonic Acid's melting point is 205℃.
And the decomposing temperature of Aminosulfonic Acid is 209℃.
Aminosulfonic Acid appears as a white crystalline solid.


The density of Aminosulfonic Acid is 2.1 g / cm3.
The melting point of Aminosulfonic Acid is 205 °C.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used to make dyes and other chemicals.


Aminosulfonic Acid is the simplest of the sulfamic acids consisting of a single sulfur atom covalently bound by single bonds to hydroxy and amino groups and by double bonds to two oxygen atoms.
Aminosulfonic Acid is the simplest of the sulfamic acids, consisting of a single sulfur atom covalently bonded to hydroxy and amino groups by single bonds and to two oxygen atoms by double bonds.


Aminosulfonic Acid, also known as amidosulfonic acid, amidosulfuric acid, aminosulfonic acid, sulphamic acid and sulfamidic acid, is a molecular compound with the formula H3NSO3.
This colourless, water-soluble Aminosulfonic Acid finds many applications.


Aminosulfonic Acid melts at 205 °C before decomposing at higher temperatures to water, sulfur trioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen.
Aminosulfonic Acid (H3NSO3) may be considered an intermediate compound between sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and sulfamide (H4N2SO2), effectively replacing a hydroxyl (–OH) group with an amine (–NH2) group at each step.


This pattern can extend no further in either direction without breaking down the sulfonyl (–SO2–) moiety.
Sulfamates are derivatives of Aminosulfonic Acid.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
Cleaning agent: Aminosulfonic acid cleaning agent has a wide range of applications. Aminosulfonic Acid can clean scale and rust in boilers, condensers, heat exchangers, jackets, and chemical pipelines.
The United States Department of Agriculture permits using Aminosulfonic Acid as an acid cleaner in fresh meat, poultry, rabbit, and egg processing facilities.


Textile Industry: Aminosulfonic Acid can eliminate excess nitrate in diazotization reactions in the dye industry and as a fixative in textile dyeing.
Aminosulfonic Acid can be used for descaling home coffee and espresso machines and in denture cleaners.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used in many fields.


Aminosulfonic Acid is used as a standard in acidometry because the solid is non-hygroscopic.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used as a catalyst in a variety of organic chemical reactions.
Aminosulfonic Acid has been shown to remove nitrite from a mixture of nitrites and nitrates.


Aminosulfonic Acid acts as a catalyst for the esterification process.
Aminosulfonic Acid can also form a fireproof layer on textiles, and sulfamic acid can make yarn-cleaning agents and other auxiliaries in the textile industry.


Paper Industry: Aminosulfonic Acid can be used as a bleaching aid. It can reduce or eliminate the catalysis of heavy metal ions in the bleaching liquor, thereby ensuring the quality of the bleaching liquor, reducing the oxidation and degradation of metal ions on fibers, preventing the peeling reaction of fibers, and improving the strength and whiteness of pulp.


Petroleum Industry: Aminosulfonic Acid can be used to remove the plugging and improve the permeability of the reservoir.
Aminosulfonic Acid solution is injected into a carbonate-producing formation to double oil production.
Agriculture: Aminosulfonic Acid and ammonium sulfamate were originally developed as herbicides.


They are said to have an exposure effect when applied directly to plants; when applied to the soil, it has a male-killing effect.
Electroplating solution: Aminosulfonic Acid is commonly used in gold or alloy plating. Italy has replaced the fluorosilicic acid bath with a lead sulfamate bath.
This will reduce pollution.


Aminosulfonic Acid is a compound used in synthesis of sweeteners and therapeutic agents
Aminosulfonic Acid is used as a standard in acidometry because the solid is non-hygroscopic.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used as a catalyst in a variety of organic chemical reactions.


Aminosulfonic Acid has been shown to remove nitrite from a mixture of nitrites and nitrates.
Aminosulfonic Acid acts as a catalyst for the esterification process.
Aminosulfonic Acid is a precursor to mainly sweet-tasting compounds. Reaction with cyclohexylamine followed by addition of NaOH gives C6H11NHSO3Na, sodium cyclamate.


Related compounds are also sweeteners such as acesulfame potassium.
Sulfamates are used in the contents of many drugs such as antibiotics, weight loss drugs, nucleoside / nucleotide human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HIV protease inhibitors (PIs), anticancer drugs (steroid sulfatase and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors), antiepileptic drugs.


Aminosulfonic Acid is used as a catalyst for the esterification process.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used for dye and pigment production.
Urea is used as a coagulator for formaldehyde resins.


Aminosulfonic Acid is the main raw material of ammonium sulfamate, a widely used herbicide and flame retardant material for household products.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used in the pulp and paper industry as a chloride stabilizer.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used for the synthesis of nitrous oxide by reacting with nitric acid.


The deprotonated form (sulfamate) is a common counterion for nickel(II) in electroplating.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used to separate nitrite ions from a mixture of nitrite and nitrate ions (NO3− + NO2−) during the qualitative analysis of nitrate with the Brown Ring test.


Aminosulfonic Acid is used as an acidic cleaning agent, typically for metals and ceramics, sometimes as a component of pure or proprietary blends.
Aminosulfonic Acid is often used to remove rust and limescale to replace the cheaper, more volatile and irritating hydrochloric acid.
Aminosulfonic Acid can be used as a descaler in domestic coffee and espresso machines and denture cleaners.


Aminosulfonic Acid can also be used for industrial cleaning of dairy and brewery equipment.
Aminosulfonic Acid can be used as an amphoteric surfactant, metal parts cleaning agents, cyclamate sweeteners, paper pulp bleachers, fire retarders, chlorine (sterilization) stabilizers, and electroplating additives.


Aminosulfonic Acid can get away with surface oxide.
So Aminosulfonic Acid can clean the boiler and sterilize bacterium in water, bleach fiber, wood, and paper, and remove nitrate in tobacco. Aminosulfonic Acid can also be used as raw material for pesticide intermediate.


Aminosulfonic Acid is frequently used for removing rust and limescale, replacing the more volatile and irritating hydrochloric acid, which is cheaper.
Aminosulfonic Acid is often a component of household descalant, for example, Lime-A-Way Thick Gel contains up to 8% sulfamic acid and has pH 2.0–2.2, or detergents used for removal of limescale.


When compared to most of the common strong mineral acids, Aminosulfonic Acid has desirable water descaling properties, low volatility, and low toxicity.
Aminosulfonic Acid forms water-soluble salts of calcium, nickel, and ferric iron.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used Catalyst for esterification process, Dye and pigment manufacturing, Herbicide, Ingredient in Denture Tablets, and Coagulator for urea-formaldehyde resins.


Ingredient in fire extinguishing media: Aminosulfonic Acid is the main raw material for Ammonium sulfamate which is a widely used herbicide and fire retardant material for household product.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used Pulp and paper industry as a chloride stabilizer


Aminosulfonic Acid is used Synthesis of nitrous oxide by reaction with nitric acid
Aminosulfonic Acid is used In household cleaning chemical products such as Cameo.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used as an acidic cleaning agent, sometimes pure or as a component of proprietary mixtures, typically for metals and ceramics.


Aminosulfonic Acid is frequently used for removing rust and limescale, replacing the more volatile and irritating hydrochloric acid.
Aminosulfonic Acid is often a component of householddescaling agents or detergents used for removal of limescale.
When compared to most of the common strong mineral acids, Aminosulfonic Acid has desirable water descaling properties, low volatility, low toxicity and is a water soluble solid forming soluble calcium and iron-III salts.


Aminosulfonic Acid's also finds applications in the industrial cleaning of dairy and brew-house equipment.
Although Aminosulfonic Acid is considered less corrosive than hydrochloric acid due to its lower pKa, corrosion inhibitors are often added to commercial cleansers of which it is a component.


Aminosulfonic Acid is possible that the amino group could act as a ligand under certain circumstances, as does the chloride ion for Fe-III, when hydrochloric acid is used in rust removal.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used as a cleaning agent of descaling


Aminosulfonic Acid is effective descaling agent, it is used for cleaning kinds of industrial equipment and domestic appliances.
Aminosulfonic Acid can remove rust, limescale, corrosion.
Aminosulfonic Acid is widely used in cleaning of metal, ceramic, and boiler compound, floor Surface, household Equipment, condenser, chemical pipelines etc.


Aminosulfonic Acid is used in paper pulp Industry
Aminosulfonic Acid prevents pulp degradation due to temperature at the chlorination and hydrochloride stage.
Aminosulfonic Acid permits bleaching at higher temperature and lower PH without loss of strength.


Aminosulfonic Acid is used in manufacturing of Dyes,Pigments
Aminosulfonic Acid is more effective, the reaction of sulfamic acid with nitrites is practically instantaneous, and it can remove of excess nitrite following diazotization reactions.


Aminosulfonic Acid is used in the dyeing of leather
Aminosulfonic Acid is used in Chlorine Stabilization
Aminosulfonic Acid can be used for stabilizing chlorine in swimming pools and cooling towers.


Aminosulfonic Acid is preferable to hydrochloric acid in household use, due to its intrinsic safety.
If inadvertently mixed with hypochlorite based products such as bleach, Aminosulfonic Acid does not form chlorine gas, whereas the most common acids would; the reaction (neutralisation) with ammonia, produces a salt, as depicted in the section above.


Aminosulfonic Acid also finds applications in the industrial cleaning of dairy and brewhouse equipment.
Although Aminosulfonic Acid is considered less corrosive than hydrochloric acid, corrosion inhibitors are often added to the commercial cleansers of which it is a component.


Aminosulfonic Acid can be used as a descalant for descaling home coffee and espresso machines and in denture cleaners.
Other uses of Aminosulfonic Acid: Catalyst for esterification process, Dye and pigment manufacturing, Herbicide, Descalant for scale removal, Coagulator for urea-formaldehyde resins, and Ingredient in fire extinguishing media.


Aminosulfonic Acid is the main raw material for ammonium sulfamate which is a widely used herbicide and fire retardant material for household products.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used Pulp and paper industry as a chloride stabilizer.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used Synthesis of nitrous oxide by reaction with nitric acid.


Aminosulfonic Acid is The deprotonated form (sulfamate) is a common counterion for nickel(II) in electroplating.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used to separate nitrite ions from mixture of nitrite and nitrate ions( NO3−+ NO2−) during qualitative analysis of nitrate by Brown Ring test.


Aminosulfonic Acid is used Obtaining deep eutectic solvents with urea.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used Silver polishing.
Aminosulfonic Acid is used in the following products: washing and cleaning products, biocides (eg disinfectants, pest control products), polishes, air care products, non-metallic surface treatment products, fuels and polymers.


Aminosulfonic Acid is used in offshore mining and health services.
Release of Aminosulfonic Acid to the environment may occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites and substances in closed systems with minimal emissions.


Aminosulfonic Acid is used in machine wash fluids/detergents, automotive care products, paints, coatings or adhesives, fragrances, air fresheners, hydraulic fluids in automotive suspension, lubricants in engine oil, brake fluids, coolants in refrigerators, and oil-based electrical heaters.
Aminosulfonic Acid is a water-soluble, moderately strong acid.


An intermediate between sulfuric acid and sulfamide, Aminosulfonic Acid can be used as a precursor to sweet-tasting compounds, a therapeutic drug component, an acidic cleaning agent, and a catalyst for esterification.
Amidosulfonic Acid is mainly a precursor to sweet-tasting compounds. Aminosulfonic Acid has been used in the design of many types of therapeutic agents such as antibiotics, nucleoside/nucleotide human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HIV protease inhibitors (PIs), anti-cancer drugs (steroid sulfatase and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors), anti-epileptic drugs, and weight loss drugs.


Aminosulfonic Acid is mainly a precursor to sweet-tasting compounds. Reaction with cyclohexylamine followed by addition of NaOH gives C6H11NHSO3Na, sodium cyclamate.
Related compounds are also sweeteners, such as acesulfame potassium.


Sulfamates have been used in the design of many types of therapeutic agents such as antibiotics, nucleoside/nucleotide human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase inhibitors, HIV protease inhibitors (PIs), anticancer drugs (steroid sulfatase and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors), anti-epileptic drugs, and weight loss drugs.


-Cleaning agent
Aminosulfonic Acid is used as an acidic cleaning agent and descaling agent sometimes pure or as a component of proprietary mixtures, typically for metals and ceramics.
For cleaning purposes, there are different grades based on application such as GP Grade, SR Grade and TM Grade.


-Specific applications of phosphoric acid include:
*In anti-rust treatment by phosphate conversion coating or passivation
*As an external standard for phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance.
*In phosphoric acid fuel cells.
*In activated carbon production.
*In compound semiconductor processing, to etch Indium gallium arsenide selectively with respect to indium phosphide.
*In microfabrication to etch silicon nitride selectively with respect to silicon dioxide.
*As a pH adjuster in cosmetics and skin-care products.
*As a sanitizing agent in the dairy, food, and brewing industries.


-Cleaning agent:
Aminosulfonic Acid is used as an acidic cleaning agent, sometimes pure or as a component of proprietary mixtures, typically for metals and ceramics.
Aminosulfonic Acid is frequently used for removing rust and limescale, replacing the more volatile and irritating hydrochloric acid, which is cheaper.
Aminosulfonic Acid is often a component of household descaling agents, for example, Lime-A-Way Thick Gel contains up to 8% sulfamic acid and has pH 2.0–2.2, or detergents used for removal of limescale.
When compared to most of the common strong mineral acids, Aminosulfonic Acid has desirable water descaling properties, low volatility, and low toxicity.
Aminosulfonic Acid forms water-soluble salts of calcium and ferric iron.



AMINOSULFONIC ACID MAY BE USED IN THE FOLLOWING STUDIES:
• As catalyst in the synthesis of aryl-14H-dibenzo[a.j]xanthenes.
• As green catalyst for the preparation of amide from ketoxime.
• As ammonia equivalent in the regioselective synthesis of primary allylic amines, via allylic substitution reactions.
• Synthesis of polysubstituted quinolones.

Sulfamic acid may be used in the following processes:
• As a titrant in the determination of the burette injection volume and chemical calibration factor.
• To neutralize excess nitrous acid in the colorimetric paracetamol assay by modified Glynn and Kendal colorimetric method.
• To prevent endogenous mercury (Hg) loss during the urine Hg measurement by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method.
• As an acid catalyst and a hypochlorite scavenger in the chlorite oxidation of dialdehyde cellulose (DAC).
• As a heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives by Hantzsch condensation reaction.
• As catalyst in the degradation of bamboo fiber to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF).
• As an acid reagent in the determination of silicates in water samples based on centrifugal microfluidics.
• As catalyst in the synthesis of deazaoxaflavin at room temperature.



PROPERTIES OF AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
Aminosulfonic Acid is also known as sulfamic acid.
Aminosulfonic Acid is a white orthorhombic crystal and nonvolatile, nonhygroscopic, and smell-less.
Aminosulfonic Acid has high stability at normal temperatures.
Aminosulfonic Acid can maintain its original quality for several years and is freely soluble in water and liquid ammonia, strongly acidic in water solution.



WHAT DOES AMINOSULFONIC ACID LOOK LIKE?
Aminosulfonic Acid is a white, odorless and crystalline solid



IN WHICH SECTORS IS AMINOSULFONIC ACID USED?
*Pharmaceutical industry
*Sweeteners
*Paint and pigment production
*fire prevention systems
*paper industry
*Nitrate nitrite separator in Brown ring test
*Domestic and industrial cleaner / descaler



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
*Sulfuric acid monoamides
*Inorganic oxides



SUBSTITUENTS OF AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
*Other non-metal oxide
*Sulfuric acid monoamide
*Inorganic oxide



HOW IS AMINOSULFONIC ACID PRODUCED?
Aminosulfonic Acid is produced industrially by treating urea with a mixture of sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid (or oleum).
The conversion is carried out in two stages:
OC(NH2)2 + SO3 → OC(NH2)(NHSO3H)
OC(NH2)(NHSO3H) + H2SO4 → CO2 + 2H3NSO3



PRODUCTION OF AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
Aminosulfonic Acid is produced industrially by treating urea with a mixture of sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid (or oleum).
The conversion is conducted in two stages, the first being sulfamation:
OC(NH2)2 + SO3 → OC(NH2)(NHSO3H)
OC(NH2)(NHSO3H) + H2SO4 → CO2 + 2 H3NSO3
In this way, approximately 96,000 tonnes were produced in 1995.



STRUCTURE AND REACTIVITY OF AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
The compound is well described by the formula H3NSO3, not the tautomer H2NSO2(OH).
The relevant bond distances are 1.44 Å for the S=O and 1.77 Å for the S–N.
The greater length of the S–N is consistent with a single bond.
Furthermore, a neutron diffraction study located the hydrogen atoms, all three of which are 1.03 Å distant from the nitrogen.
In the solid state, the molecule of Aminosulfonic Acid is well described by a zwitterionic form.



HYDROLYSIS OF AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
The crystalline solid is indefinitely stable under ordinary storage conditions, however, aqueous solutions of Aminosulfonic Acid slowly hydrolyse to ammonium bisulfate, according to the following reaction:
H3NSO3 + H2O → [NH4]+[HSO4]−
Its behaviour resembles that of urea, (H2N)2CO.
Both feature amino groups linked to electron-withdrawing centres that can participate in delocalised bonding.
Both liberate ammonia upon heating in water, with urea releasing CO2 while Aminosulfonic Acid releases sulfuric acid.



ACID-BASE REACTIONS OF AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
Aminosulfonic Acid is a moderately strong acid, Ka = 0.101 (pKa = 0.995).
Because the solid is not hygroscopic, Aminosulfonic Acid is used as a standard in acidimetry (quantitative assays of acid content).
H3NSO3 + NaOH → NaH2NSO3 + H2O
Double deprotonation can be effected in ammonia solution to give the anion HNSO2−3.
H3NSO3 + 2 NH3 → HNSO2−3 + 2 NH+4



REACTION WITH NITRIC AND NITROUS ACIDS, AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
With nitrous acid, Aminosulfonic Acid reacts to give nitrogen:
HNO2 + H3NSO3 → H2SO4 + N2 + H2O
while with concentrated nitric acid, it affords nitrous oxide:
HNO3 + H3NSO3 → H2SO4 + N2O + H2O



REACTION WITH HYPOCHLORITE, AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
The reaction of excess hypochlorite ions with Aminosulfonic Acid or a sulfamate salt gives rise reversibly to both N-chlorosulfamate and N,N-dichlorosulfamate ions.
HClO + H2NSO3H → ClNHSO3H + H2O
HClO + ClNHSO3H ⇌ Cl2NSO3H + H2O
Consequently, Aminosulfonic Acid is used as hypochlorite scavenger in the oxidation of aldehydes with chlorite such as the Pinnick oxidation.



REACTION WITH ALCOHOLS, AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
Upon heating Aminosulfonic Acid will react with alcohols to form the corresponding organosulfates.
Aminosulfonic Acid is more expensive than other reagents for doing this, such as chlorosulfonic acid or oleum, but is also significantly milder and will not sulfonate aromatic rings.

Products are produced as their ammonium salts.
Such reactions can be catalyzed by the presence of urea.
Without the presence of any catalysts, Aminosulfonic Acid will not react with ethanol at temperatures below 100 °C.

ROH + H2NSO3H → ROS(O)2O− + NH+4
An example of this reaction is the production 2-ethylhexyl sulfate, a wetting agent used in the mercerisation of cotton, by combining Aminosulfonic Acid with 2-ethylhexanol.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
Chemical formula: H3NSO3
Molar mass: 97.10 g/mol
Appearance: white crystals
Density: 2.15 g/cm3
Melting point: 205 °C (401 °F; 478 K) decomposes
Solubility in water: Moderate, with slow hydrolysis
Solubility: Moderately soluble in DMF
Slightly:Vsoluble in MeOH
Insoluble in hydrocarbons
Acidity (pKa): 1.0
Physical state: crystalline
Color: white
Odor: odorless
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 215 - 225 °C - dec.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: > 400 °C
Relative self-ignition temperature for solids
Decomposition temperature: 209 °C
pH: 1,5 at 10 g/l at 20 °C

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 181,4 g/l at 20 °C
soluble470 g/l at 80 °C
Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water:
No data available
Vapor pressure: 0,008 hPa at 20 °C
0,025 hPa at 100 °C
Density: 2,151 g/cm3 at 25 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor
density:
No data available
Particle
characteristics:
No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information:
Dissociation constant: -0,99 at 25 °C


Molecular Weight: 97.10 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -1.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 96.98336413 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 96.98336413 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 88.8Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 5
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 92.6
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Melting point °C: 205
Density g/cm³: 2.13 20 °C
Solubility g/ L: 181.4 20 °C,
Soluble with water (soluble in acetone and methanol)
Vapor pressure Pa: 0.8 20 °C
LogP: 0 20 °C
pKa: -0.997 20 °C
pH: 0.41 1 N solution
CAS: 5329-14-6
Molecular Formula: H3NO3S
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 97.088
MDL Number: MFCD00011603
InChI Key: IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID: 5987
ChEBI
CHEBI:9330
IUPAC Name: sulfamic acid
SMILES: NS(=O)(=O)O
Chemical Formula: H3NSO3
Molecular weight: 97.10 g/mol
Melting point: 205 °C
Density: 2.15 g/cm3

Chemical Formula: H3NO3S
Average Molecular Weight: 97.094
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 96.983363657
IUPAC Name: sulfamic acid
Traditional Name: sulfonic acids
CAS Registry Number: 5329-14-6
SMILES: NS(O)(=O)=O
InChI Identifier:
InChI=1S/H3NO3S/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H3,1,2,3,4)
InChI Key: IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular form: H3NO3S
Appearance: White Solid
Mol. Weight: 97.09
Storage: 2-8°C Refrigerator
Shipping Conditions: Ambient
Applications: NA



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter B-(P2)
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8B:
Non-combustible



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMINOSULFONIC ACID:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
SULFAMIC ACID
5329-14-6
Amidosulfonic acid
Sulphamic acid
Aminosulfonic acid
Amidosulfuric acid
Imidosulfonic acid
Sulfamidic acid
Sulfaminic acid
Jumbo
Aminosulfuric acid
Sulphamidic acid
Kyselina sulfaminova
Kyselina amidosulfonova
Caswell No. 809
sulfuramidic acid
NSC 1871
Sulfamidsaeure
HSDB 795
amidohydroxidodioxidosulfur
Amidoschwefelsaeure
EINECS 226-218-8
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 078101
UNII-9NFU33906Q
CHEBI:9330
DTXSID6034005
AI3-15024
9NFU33906Q
NSC-1871
H2NSO3H
MFCD00011603
UN2967
CHEMBL68253
DTXCID4014005
[S(NH2)O2(OH)]
EC 226-218-8
Sulfamic acid [UN2967]
(S(NH2)O2(OH))
CAS-5329-14-6
SULFAMIC ACID, ACS
SULFAMIC ACID, REAG
sulfoamine
Sulphamic-acid-
amidosulphuric acid
Sulfamic acid (ACN
SCALE CLEEN
ALPROJET W
AMINESULFONIC ACID
WLN: ZSWQ
NH2SO3H
Sulfamic acid (packaging)
Sulfamic acid, ACS grade
H3NO3S
SULFAMIC ACID [MI]
NCIOpen2_000675
SULFAMIC ACID [HSDB]
BDBM26994
H3-N-O3-S
NSC1871
Sulfamic acid, p.a., 99.5%
Sulfamic acid, analytical standard
Sulfamic acid, reagent grade, 98%
Tox21_201905
Tox21_303482
NA2967
STL282725
7773-06-0 (mono-ammonium salt)
AKOS005287325
Sulfamic acid, ACS reagent, 99.3%
UN 2967
NCGC00090927-01
NCGC00090927-02
NCGC00257489-01
NCGC00259454-01
Sulfamic acid [UN2967] [Corrosive]
Sulfamic acid, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
Sulfamic acid, >=99.5% (alkalimetric)
LS-147664
FT-0688102
Sulfamic acid, 99.999% trace metals basis
Sulfamic acid, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%
Sulfamic acid, JIS special grade, >=99.5%
Q412304
W-105754
Sulfamic acid, analytical standard (for acidimetry), ACS reagent
Amidosulfonic acid
Amidosulfuric acid
Aminosulfonic acid
Sulphamic acid
Aminosulfuric acid
Imidosulfonic acid
Sulfamidic acid
UN 2967
Sulfaminic acid
NSC 1871
sulphamidic acid
Amidosulfuric acid
Sulfamic acid descaler
Sulphamidic acid
Sulfamidic acid
Sulfamic acid.
Sulfamic Acid
Alprojet W
Amidosulfuric Acid
Aminesulfonic Acid
Aminosulfonic Acid
Aminosulfuric Acid
NSC 1871
Sulfamidic Acid
Sulfaminic Acid
Sulphamic Acid
Sulfamic acid
5329-14-6
Imidosulfonic acid
Acide sulfamidique
acido sulfamidico
Alprojet W
AMIDOSULFONIC ACID
AMIDOSULFONSAEURE
Amidosulfuric acid
Amidosulphonic acid
Aminesulfonic acid
Aminosulfonic acid
AMINO-SULFONIC ACID
Aminosulfuric acid
NSC 1871
Scale Cleen
Sulfamic acid
Amidosulfonic acid
Amidosulfuric acid
Sulfamidic acid
Sulfamidsaure
Sulfaminic acid
Sulphamic acid
sulphamidic acid
UN 2967
Caswell No. 809
EINECS 226-218-8
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 078101
Kyselina amidosulfonova
Kyselina sulfaminova
UNII-9NFU33906Q
Amidoschwefelsaeure
Sulfamidsaeure
[S(NH2)O2(OH)]
sulphamidic acid
1266250-83-2
[S(NH2)O2(OH)]
Amidoschwefelsaeure
Amidosulfuric acid
Aminosulfonic acid
Imidosulfonic acid
Sulfamidic acid
Sulfamidsaeure
Sulfaminic acid
Sulphamic acid
Sulphamidic acid
Amidosulfate
Amidosulphate
Amidosulphuric acid
Aminosulfonate
Aminosulphonate
Aminosulphonic acid
Imidosulfonate
Imidosulphonate
Imidosulphonic acid
Sulfamidate
Sulphamidate
Sulphamidsaeure
Sulfaminate
Sulphaminate
Sulphaminic acid
Sulfamate
Sulfamic acid
Sulphamate
Amidosulfonate
Amidosulphonate
Amidosulphonic acid
Ammate
Ammonium sulfamate
Sulfamic acid, indium (+3) salt
Sulfamic acid, magnesium salt (2:1)
Sulfamic acid, monoammonium salt
Sulfamic acid, monopotassium salt
Sulfamic acid, nickel (+2) salt (2:1)
Sulfamic acid, tin (+2) salt
Sulfamic acid, zinc (2:1) salt
7773-06-0 (mono-Ammonium salt)
Amidohydroxidodioxidosulfur
Aminosulfuric acid
Jumbo
Sulfamic acid, acs
Sulfamic acid, reag
Sulfuramidic acid
Amidosulfonic acid
Amidosulfonic Acid
Steradent Active Plus
Sulfamidic Acid
Sulfaminic Acid
Sulphamic Acid
Alprojet W
Amidosulfuric Acid
Aminesulfonic Acid
Aminosulfonic Acid
Aminosulfuric Acid
NSC 1871


AMINOTRIMETHYLENE PHOSPHONIC ACID
Les animes-oxydes sont utilisés comme groupe protecteur d'amines et comme intermédiaires de synthèse. Les amines-oxydes avec de longues chaînes alkyle sont utilisés comme surfactants non ioniques et stabilisateurs de mousse.Les animes-oxydes sont utilisés comme groupe protecteur d'amines et comme intermédiaires de synthèse. Les amines-oxydes avec de longues chaînes alkyle sont utilisés comme surfactants non ioniques et stabilisateurs de mousse.Les amines oxydes sont des molécules hautement polaires. Les petits amines-oxydes sont très hydrophiles et ont une excellente solubilité dans l'eau mais au contraire très faible dans la plupart des solvants organiques. Les amines oxydes sont des bases faibles avec un pKa autour de 4,5 et qui forment R3N+-OH, une hydroxylamine cationique, par protonation à un pH plus bas que leur pKa.Les amines-oxydes sont préparés par réaction des amines tertiaires ou des pyridines analogues avec du peroxyde d'hydrogène (H2O2) ou de l'acide de Caro ou des peracides comme l'acide méta-chloroperbenzoïque dans une réaction appelée N-oxydation
AMINOTRIS(METHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID)
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid), its solid form is crystalline powder, soluble in water, hygroscopic, has excellent chelation, low threshold inhibition and lattice distortion.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) or aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid) is a phosphonic acid with chemical formula C3H12NO9P3.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has excellent scale inhibition below 200 ℃, low toxicity, good thermal stability, Amino tris(methylene phosphonic acid) can be dissociated into six positive and negative ions in the water, and can form a stable chelate with a variety of metal ions such as iron, copper, aluminum, zinc, calcium, magnesium, etc.

CAS Number: 6419-19-8
Molecular Formula: C3H12NO9P3
Molecular Weight: 299.05
EINECS Number: 229-146-5

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has chelating properties.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be synthesized from the Mannich-type reaction of ammonia, formaldehyde, and phosphorous acid, in a manner similar to the Kabachnik–Fields reaction.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has a more preferable scale inhibition effect on carbonate .

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has good synergy with the polyphosphate, polycarboxylate, nitrite.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has better antiscale performance than that of polyphosphate through its excellent chelating ability, low threshold inhibition and lattice distortion process.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can prevent scale formation in water systems.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is the phosphonate analog of nitrilotriacetic acid.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is a common chelating agent used in synthetic chemistry.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used for the preparation of hexagonal porous three-dimensional structures encapsulating a template, layered structures with intercalated templates or linear polymers, for the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks in combination with uranyl nitrate or the preparation of anticorrosive protective coatings.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can also be employed as an anti-fouling agent (scale inhibitor).
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can prevent scale formation in water systems.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used as detergents and cleaning agent, water treatment and antiscale agent.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) solution is an antiscalant and can be removed form membrane concentrates by iron-coated waste filtration sand.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is a cement retarder.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) reacts with the aluminum surface to form a coating which is an effective inhibitor of the reaction of evaporated aluminum thin films on glass or silicon with deionized water.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is a phosphonic acid compound with the chemical formula N(CH2PO3H2)3.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is also known by other names such as tris(phosphonomethyl)amine, nitrilotrimethylphosphonic acid, and NTMP .
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is widely used in various industrial applications, particularly in industrial water treatment, as an effective scale inhibitor.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) exhibits chelating properties and is known for its ability to inhibit scale formation in water systems.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be synthesized through the Mannich-type reaction of ammonia, formaldehyde, and phosphorous acid, similar to the Kabachnik-Fields reaction .
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is a white solid with a molar mass of approximately 299.048 g/mol.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has a density of 1.33 g/cm3 at 20°C and decomposes at a melting point of 200°C The compound is soluble in water, with a solubility of 61 g/100 mL.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is also used in the construction of highly-effective and sustainable corrosion protective composite nanofilms, along with trivalent cerium ions.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has been studied for its degradation processes and analytical methods to determine phosphonic and amino acid groups.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is a general purpose, cost-effective scale inhibitor based on amino tri methylene phosphonic acid pentasodium salt.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) provides corrosion inhibition with zinc and phosphates and is a good chelant. In cosmetics, pentasodium aminotrimethylene phosphonate is used as an emulsifier.
Amino tris(methylene phosphonic acid) is a common chelating agent used in synthetic chemistry.

Preparation of hexagonal porous three-dimensional structures encapsulating a template, layered structures with intercalated templates or linear polymers.
Synthesis of metal-organic frameworks in combination with uranyl nitrate.
Preparation of ingredient of anticorrosive protective coatings on the steel surface.

Amino tris(methylene phosphonic acid) can also be employed as a scale inhibitor during squeeze treatments in oilfield operations.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is an effective scale inhibitor used in various industrial applications such as industrial water treatment and detergents.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) further shows good corrosion inhibition properties in presence of zinc and other phosphates.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be also used as chelating agent in the textile industry.
The three main raw materials for Amino tris(methylene phosphonic acid) production are phosphorous acid, ammonium chloride, and formaldehyde.
The first two are added into the reactor and heated and stirred until dissolved completely.

Then, formaldehyde will be dropwise. Phosphorus acid can be from the hydrolysis of PCl3 or the production of other chemicals.
If chlorine content needs to be lower than the normal specs, the steam-heating time will be extended.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid), also known as ammonium (nitrilotris(methylene))triphosphonate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as organic phosphonic acids.

These are organic compounds containing phosphonic acid.
Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid).
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is a phosphoric acid derivative produced by a Mannich reaction using ammonia, formaldehyde and phosphoric acid.

The chemical formula of the compound is N(CH2PO3H2)3.
Due to its excellent chelating properties, it is more effective in inhibiting the formation of precipitates (sedimentation) on membranes than polyphosphates.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is a phosphonate analogue of nitrilotriacetic acid.

Melting point: ~215 °C (dec.)
Boiling point: 746.2±70.0 °C(Predicted)
Density 1.3 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
storage temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility: Water (Slightly, Heated)
form: Solid
pka: 0.56±0.10(Predicted)
color: White
PH: 0.46
Water Solubility: 500g/L at 20℃
BRN: 1715724
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with bases, strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -3.5

Amino tris(methylene phosphonic acid)is acidic, pay attention to labor protection, should avoid contact with eye and skin, once contacted, flush with plenty of water.
Amino trimethylene phosphonic acid has excellent chelation.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) İs threshold inhibition is low and chemical stability is high.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is an excellent antiscalant and chelating agent to most metal ions like Ca, Ba, Mg, Fe and Pb, especially Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3).
In the water system, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is difficult to hydrolyze and can distort the lattice.
In a higher concentrated system, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is also a good corrosion inhibitor.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used in industrial circulating cool water system of thermal power plant and oil refinery plant.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can decrease scale formation and inhibit the corrosion of metal equipment and pipeline.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) acid can be used as a chelating agent in woven and dyeing industries and as a metal surface treatment agent.

Usually, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is compounded with organophosphorus acid/salt, polycarboxylic acid/salt.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) solid as crystal powder can also be supplied for cold areas, particularly in water.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is a compound that exhibits chelating properties and is widely used as a scale inhibitor in industrial water treatment applications.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is primarily known for its ability to inhibit scale formation in water systems.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can effectively prevent the precipitation and deposition of scale-forming minerals, such as calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate, which can lead to the fouling of pipes, equipment, and surfaces.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) acts as a chelating agent, meaning it forms stable complexes with metal ions.

This property allows it to sequester and bind metal ions, such as calcium and magnesium, which are often responsible for scale formation.
By forming soluble complexes with these metal ions, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) helps to keep them in solution and prevent their precipitation.
In addition to scale inhibition, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has also been found to exhibit corrosion inhibition properties.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can help protect metal surfaces from corrosion by forming a protective layer or film on the metal surface, which acts as a barrier against corrosive agents.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be synthesized through the Mannich-type reaction of ammonia, formaldehyde, and phosphorous acid.
This reaction leads to the formation of the tris(phosphonomethyl)amine structure.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) finds applications in various industries, including cooling water systems, boilers, oil extraction, and desalination plants.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is commonly used in industrial settings where water quality and scale control are critical.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has excellent chelation, low threshold inhibition and lattice distortion ability.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can prevent scale formation, calcium carbonate in particular, in water system.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has good chemical stability and is hard to be hydrolyzed in water system.
At high concentration, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has good corrosion inhibition.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used in industrial circulating cool water system and oilfield water pipeline in fields of thermal power plant and oil refinery plant.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can decrease scale formation and inhibit corrosion of metal equipment and pipeline.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be used as chelating agent in woven and dyeing industries and as metal surface treatment agent.

The solid state of Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is crystal powder, soluble in water, easily deliquescence, suitable for usage in winter and freezing districts.
Because of its high purity, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be used in woven & dyeing industries and as metal surface treatment agent.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is usually used together with organophosphoric acid, polycarboxylic acid and salt to built all organic alkaline water treatment agent.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be used in many different circulating cool water system.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) or aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid) is a phosphonic acid with chemical formula N(CH2PO3H2)3.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has chelating properties.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be synthesized from the Mannich-type reaction of ammonia, formaldehyde, and phosphorous acid.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) has excellent scale inhibition performance, good stability and excellent effect on calcium carbonate scale.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can form stable complexes with iron, copper, aluminum, zinc and other metal ions, and has good dispersion performance.

Uses:
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used for power plants, refineries, petrochemicals, fertilizer plant cooling water, oil field injection water system,particularly suitable for hard high-calcium, low concentration multiple systems, such as power plants and high hardness high salinity, bad water quality conditions of the oil pipeline inhibitors,which may decrease the risk of corrosion and scaling of metal equipment and pipeline.
In the textile printing and dyeing industry, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used as a metal ion chelating agent, metal surface treatment agent.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is often used with other organic acid, polylactic acid or salt to form organic water treatment agents for circulating cooling water systems under a variety of different water quality conditions.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used in drilling fluids as a viscosity regulator.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be encountered as a main component of lubricating fluids or as an additive to lubricating fluids.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used for the scale prevention of cooling water system, oil pipeline and boiler; Used as the scale inhibitor for the oil pipeline with high hardness, high salinity and bad water quality; Used as scale inhibitor and corrosion inhibitor for the treatment of cooling water, boiler water, oil field water; Used for circulating cooling water of thermal power plant and an oil refinery.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) solution was used to study the mechanism of inhibition of cement hydration by phosphonic acid.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is an effective scale inhibitor used in various industrial applications such as industrial water treatment and detergents.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) further shows good corrosion inhibition properties in presence of zinc and other phosphates.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be also used as chelating agent in the textile industry.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used in the following products: water softeners, fertilisers, coating products, cosmetics and personal care products, air care products, polishes and waxes and washing & cleaning products.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used in the following areas: building & construction work and agriculture, forestry and fishing.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used for the manufacture of: mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement).
Other release to the environment of Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is likely to occur from: outdoor use and indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used in the following products: water softeners, pH regulators and water treatment products, washing & cleaning products, water treatment chemicals, polishes and waxes and paper chemicals and dyes.

Release to the environment of Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used in the following products: water softeners, pH regulators and water treatment products, water treatment chemicals and washing & cleaning products.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used in the following areas: municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment, mining and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used for the manufacture of: pulp, paper and paper products, textile, leather or fur, metals, fabricated metal products, machinery and vehicles, furniture and chemicals.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is employed in water softening formulations.
As a chelating agent, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can sequester and inhibit the precipitation of hardness ions, such as calcium and magnesium, helping to prevent the formation of scale in water systems.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is utilized in industrial metal cleaning processes where the control of metal ions and prevention of scale formation are crucial.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is chelating properties contribute to effective metal cleaning solutions.
In the construction industry, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is sometimes used as a concrete additive.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can function as a retarder, helping to control the setting time of concrete, and also as a dispersant for cement particles.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is employed in the oil and gas industry to control scale formation in oil wells and production equipment.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) helps maintain the efficiency of oil extraction processes by preventing scale buildup.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used in metal surface treatment processes to inhibit corrosion and improve the adhesion of coatings.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be incorporated into formulations for metal pre-treatment before painting or coating.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is employed in the pulp and paper industry to control scale formation and improve the efficiency of various processes, such as pulping and papermaking.

Release to the environment of Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as processing aid and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Other release to the environment of Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).
Release to the environment of Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures and in processing aids at industrial sites.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) Na4 is used in industrial circulating cool water system and oilfield water pipeline in fields of thermal power plant and oil refinery plant.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is suitable for usage in winter and freezing districts.
Multifunctional and cost effective performance makes it an excellent replacement to other sequestrants e.g EDTA, DTPA, NTA, Metaclaw, Trilon, Versene, Dissolvine, Dequest, Codex, Sequacel, Acinol etc.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is a common chelating agent used in synthetic chemistry.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used as an anti-corrosive additive in metal surface cleaners, as a surfactant that does not foam (automotive care products, cleaning and furniture care products, laundry and dishwashing products).
Also used as a water softener which binds metal ions in a chelating form.

Preparation of hexagonal porous three-dimensional structures encapsulating a template, layered structures with intercalated templates or linear polymers.
Synthesis of metal-organic frameworks in combination with Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid).
Preparation of ingredient of anticorrosive protective coatings on the steel surface.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can also be employed as a scale inhibitor during squeeze treatments in oilfield operations.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used as scale and corrosion inhibitor, deflocculant, sequestrant, and water stabilizer in cooling and boiler water treatment systems.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used mainly as a deflocculant and sequestrant (chelating or complexing agent) in industrial water treatment.
Also Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used in cleaners and in stabilizers (peroxide solutions to bleach cotton, linen, jute, rayon, and paper).

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is usually used together with organophosphorus acid, polycarboxylic acid, and salt to built all organic alkaline water treatment chemicals.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is broadly applied in recirculated cooling water systems for the power station, oil field, and central air-conditioning, etc.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is also used in the woven and dyeing industry.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used in the following products: water softeners, fertilisers, coating products, air care products, washing & cleaning products, polishes and waxes and cosmetics and personal care products.
Other release to the environment of Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Release to the environment of Amino tris(methylene phosphonic acid) can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, in processing aids at industrial sites and industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).

Other release to the environment of Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is usually used together with other organophosphoric acid, polycarboxylic acid and salt to built all organic alkaline water treatment agent.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be used in many different circulating cool water system. The recommended dosage is 5-20mg/L. As corr
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is widely used as a corrosion inhibitor and a scale inhibitor in water treatment processes, especially in cooling water systems.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) helps prevent the formation of scales and deposits, which can reduce the efficiency of heat exchange equipment and lead to corrosion.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) acts as a chelating agent, forming stable complexes with metal ions, particularly calcium and magnesium.
This chelating property is beneficial in preventing the precipitation of metal ions and improving the effectiveness of other water treatment chemicals.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is sometimes used in detergents and cleaning formulations to sequester metal ions, preventing them from interfering with the cleaning process.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) contributes to the stabilization of metal ions in the cleaning solution.
Textile Industry: In the textile industry, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) may be employed as a stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide bleach baths, helping to control metal impurities that can affect the bleaching process.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) finds applications in the oil and gas industry as a scale and corrosion inhibitor in water injection systems and other processes where water is in contact with metal surfaces.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is also used in some personal care products, such as shampoos and cosmetics, as a chelating agent.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used for power plants, refineries, petrochemicals, fertilizer plant cooling water, oil field injection water system,particularly suitable for hard high-calcium, low concentration multiple systems, such as power plants and high hardness high salinity, bad water quality conditions of the oil pipeline inhibitors,which may decrease the risk of corrosion and scaling of metal equipment and pipeline.
In the textile printing and dyeing industry, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used as a metal ion chelating agent, metal surface treatment agent.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used as a metal ion binder in heating or refrigeration systems to prevent the formation of lime scale deposits.
At the same time, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) phosphonate has a corrosion inhibiting function which prevents melting and rusting of iron and copper (bronze) parts.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used as an additive to dye baths to bind metal ions, to allow better penetration of the dye into the fabric, and to keep the colour intact.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is used in the production of distilled water by reverse osmosis as a lime inhibitor.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) binds calcium and magnesium ions, thus keeping the membrane free of blockages and eliminating the need for additional cleaning or washing.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is often found in membrane cleaners.

Safety Profile:
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) may cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.
Direct contact with the skin or eyes should be avoided.
In case of contact, Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid)'s important to flush the affected area with plenty of water and seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) can be harmful.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid)'s not intended for consumption, and ingestion can lead to gastrointestinal discomfort.
While Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is not typically associated with significant inhalation hazards, inhalation of dust or mist should be avoided.

Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is biodegradable, but its introduction into the environment should be minimized.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) is important to follow proper disposal practices and adhere to local environmental regulations.
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid) may react with certain metals, and compatibility should be considered when using it in systems containing metals.

Synonyms:
6419-19-8
(Nitrilotris(methylene))triphosphonic acid
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid)
Aminotrimethylene phosphonic acid
Tris(phosphonomethyl)amine
Ferrofos 509
Dequest 2000
Nitrilotri(methylphosphonic acid)
Dowell L 37
Aminotri(methylene phosphonic acid)
Nitrilotrimethylphosphonic acid
Nitrilotris(methylenephosphonic acid)
Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid)
Aminotri(methylenephosphonic acid)
[bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]methylphosphonic acid
Aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid)
Aminotri(methylphosphonic acid)
Nitrilotrimethanephosphonic acid
NITRILOTRIS(METHYLENE)TRIPHOSPHONIC ACID
Phosphonic acid, [nitrilotris(methylene)]tris-
Aminotris(methanephosphonic acid)
Nitrilotrimethylenephosphonic acid
Amino, tris(methylene phosphonic acid)
Nitrilotrimethylenetris(phosphonic acid)
NITRILOTRIS(METHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID)
(Nitrilotris(methylene))trisphosphonic acid
AI3-51572
Nitrilotris(methylene)trisphosphonic acid
Nitrilotri(methylphosphonic acid) (Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid))
[Nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid
1Y702GD0FG
DTXSID2027624
Sodium (nitrilotris(methylene))triphosphonate
Phosphonic acid, (nitrilotris(methylene))tri-
Aminotri(methylene phosphonic acid), sodium salt
Sodium (nitrilotris(methylene))tris(phosphonate)
{[bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl}phosphonic acid
Nitrilotris(methylene phosphonic acid), sodium salt
(Nitrilotris(methylene))trisphosphonic acid, sodium salt
Phosphonic acid, (nitrilotris(methylene))tri-, sodium salt
(nitrilotris(methylene))tris(phosphonic acid)
[nitrilotris(methylene)]tris(phosphonic acid)
Phosphonic acid, (nitrilotris(methylene))tris-
103333-74-0
dodecylamine-N,N-bis(methylenephosphonic acid) sodium salt
Phosphonic acid, P,P',P''-(nitrilotris(methylene))tris-
Amino tris(methylene phosphonic acid)
(nitrilotris(methylene))tris-Phosphonic acid
[nitrilotris(methylene)]tris-Phosphonic acid
EINECS 229-146-5
BRN 1715724
UNII-1Y702GD0FG
C3H12NO9P3
EINECS 243-900-0
Dequest 2001
EC 229-146-5
EC 243-900-0
Phosphoric acid, (nitrilotris-(methylene))tris-
SCHEMBL21434
4-01-00-03070 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
CHEMBL260191
DTXCID107624
Amino trimethylene Phoshonic Acid
CHEBI:168957
YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Sym-Trimethylaminetriphosphonic acid
Sodiumamino-tris(methylenesulphonate)
Tox21_202753
MFCD00002138
nitrilotris (methylenephosphonic acid)
AKOS003599784
7611-50-9 (tri-hydrochloride salt)
NCGC00164342-01
NCGC00260300-01
2235-43-0 (penta-hydrochloride salt)
NitrilotrimethylentriphosphonsA currencyure
CAS-6419-19-8
(nitrilotris(methylene))tri-Phosphonic acid
FT-0622276
N0474
(nitrilotris-(methylene))tris-Phosphoric acid
NITRILOTRIS(METHYLENE)TRIPHOSPHONICACID
AMINOTRIMETHYLENE PHOSPHONIC ACID [INCI]
Nitrilotri(methylphosphonic acid), >=97.0% (T)
Q4222241
W-104858
p,p',p''-(Nitrilotris(methylene))tris-Phosphonic acid
.ALPHA.,.ALPHA.',.ALPHA.''-AMINOTRIS(METHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID)
(Nitrilotris(methylene))triphosphonic acid (ca. 50% in Water, ca. 2.2mol/L)
Phosphonic acid, P,P',P''-(nitrilotris(methylene))tris-, sodium salt (1:?)
Amine Oxide ( Amine oxyde)
2-amino-2-methylpropanol; AMINOMETHYL PROPANOL, Isobutanol-2-amine, N° CAS : 124-68-5, Aminométhyl propanol, AMP,Nom chimique : 2-Amino-2-methylpropanol, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 204-709-8,Cet ingrédient est utilisé pour ajuster le PH des produits cosmétiques : substance alcaline, qui permet d'augmenter le pH, Il s'agit d'un aminoalcool, utilisé pour neutraliser le pH dans des solutions cosmétiques. Plus spécifiquement, il est utilisé comme neutralisant du carbomer afin de le stabiliser sous forme de gelRégulateur de pH : Stabilise le pH des cosmétiques. Isobutanol-2-amine; L'aminométhyl propanol est un composé organique qui consiste en une molécule de propan-1-ol substituée en 2 par un groupe amine et un groupe méthyle; 1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine; 124-68-5 [RN]; 1-Propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl- ; 2,2-Dimethyl-ethanolamine; 204-709-8 [EINECS]; 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol; 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol [German] ; 2-Amino-2-méthyl-1-propanol [French] ; 2-Amino-2-methyl-propan-1-ol; 2-Amino-2-Methylpropan-1-Ol; Aminomethyl propanol; Aminomethylpropanol; AMP; LU49E6626Q; β-Aminoisobutyl alcohol; [124-68-5]; 1173021-93-6 [RN]; '124-68-5; 189832-99-3 [RN]; 1-Hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-amine; 1-PROPANOL,2-AMINO,2-METHYL; 2-​amino-​2-​methyl-​1-​propanol; 203-542-8 [EINECS]; 2-Amino-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropane; 2-Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol; 2-amino-2-methyl 1-propanol; 2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL-[1-3H]; 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol|1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine; 2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL|2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPAN-1-OL; 2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL-D11; 2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANOL; 2-amino-2-methylpropanol (>90%); 2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANOL-D6; 2-Aminodimethylethanol; 2-AMINOISOBUTANOL; 2-Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine; 2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol; 4-amino-2-methyl-N-propyl-3-pyrazolecarboxamide; 5856-62-2 [RN]; Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol; Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol; Aminoisobutanol; amp buffer concentrate; AMP Regular; ampbufferconcentrate; C4H11NO; Corrguard 75; EINECS 204-709-8; Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine; Hydroxy-tert-butylamine; β-Aminoisobutyl alcohol; Isobutanolamine; Oprea1_147215; propan-1-ol, 2-amino-2-methyl-; β-Aminoisobutanol. 2-amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol (cs); 2-amino-2-methylpropanol (da);2-amino-2-metil-propanol (hr); 2-amino-2-metilpropanol (es); 2-amino-2-metilpropanolis (lt); 2-amino-2-metilpropanolo (it); 2-amino-2-metilpropanols (lv); 2-amino-2-metylopropan-1-ol (pl); 2-amino-2-metylpropanol (no); 2-amino-2-metylpropán-1-ol (sk); 2-amino-2-metyylipropanoli (fi); 2-amino-2-metüülpropanool (et); 2-amino-2-méthylpropanol (fr); 2-αμινο-2-μεθυλοπροπανόλη (el); 2-амино-2-метилпропанол (bg); Izobutanoloamina (pl); 1-Propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl- 1-propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl;2-aminio-2-methylpropan-1-ol; 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol; 2-Amino-2-methyl-1propanol; 2-amino-2mthylpropanol, 2-AMINOISOBUTANOL; Amino Methyl Propanol; Aminomethyl propanol; AMP; Isobutanolamin
Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid (ATMP)
ATMP;ATMPA;AMP; Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid;Amino Tri(Methylene Phosphonic Acid);Tris(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) Amine;Nitrilotrimethylphosphonic Acid(NTP);Nitrilotrimethylenetris(Phosphonic Acid); CAS No: 6419-19-8
Amino-2-Methyl-1-Propanol
2-Amino-2-methylpropanol; 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol; Aminomethyl propanol; 1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine; 2-Amino-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropane; 2-Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol; 2-Amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol; 2-Amino-2-methylpropanol; 2-Aminodimethylethanol; 2-Aminoisobutanol; 2-Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine; 2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol; 2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol-1; beta-Aminoisobutanol; Hydroxy-tert-butylamine; sobutanol-2-amine; CAS NO: 124-68-5
Aminomethyl Propanol
2-Amino-2-methylpropanol, β-Aminoisobutyl alcohol, AMP 95, AMP, 2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL 2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPAN-1-OL 2-AMINO-ISO-BUTYL ALCOHOL 2-AMINO-METHYL-1-PROPANOL 2-METHYL-2-AMINO PROPANOL AMP B-AMINOISOBUTANOL BETA-AMINOISOBUTANOL BETA-AMINOISOBUTYL ALCOHOL 1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine 2,2-Diethyl-ethanolamine 2-amino-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropane 2-Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol 2-Aminodimethylethanol 2-Aminoisobutanol CAS Number 124-68-5
Aminopropyl dodecylamine and blends
[Bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]methylphosphonic acid; Tris(phosphonomethyl)amine; Nitrilotrimethylphosphonic acid; Aminotris(methylphosphonic acid); NTMP CAS NO:6419-19-8
Aminotri (Methyl phosphonic acid) (ATMP)
Ammonium bifluoride; Acid ammonium fluoride; Ammonium acid fluoride; Ammonium difluoride; Ammonium fluoride; Ammonium hydrofluoride; Ammonium hydrogen bifluoride; Ammonium hydrogen difluoride; Ammonium hydrogen fluoride; Fluorure acide d'ammonium CAS NO:1341-49-7
Amino-tris-methylene phosphonic acid (ATMP)
Aluminum chlorhydrol; Aluminum chlorohydrate; Aluminum hydroxide chloride; Aluminum hydroxychloride; Aluminum hydroxychloride dihydrate CAS NO:1327-41-9
AMMONIA
azane; Ammonia gas; Spirit of hartshorn; Nitro-sil; Anhydrous ammonia CAS:7664-41-7
AMMONIA %25
Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3. A stable binary hydride, and the simplest pnictogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell. It is a common nitrogenous waste, particularly among aquatic organisms, and it contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to food and fertilizers. Ammonia, either directly or indirectly, is also a building block for the synthesis of many pharmaceutical products and is used in many commercial cleaning products. It is mainly collected by downward displacement of both air and water.Although common in nature—both terrestrially and in the outer planets of the Solar System—and in wide use, ammonia is both caustic and hazardous in its concentrated form. It is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States, and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities.The global industrial production of ammonia in 2018 was 175 million tonnes,with no significant change relative to the 2013 global industrial production of 175 million tonnes.Industrial ammonia is sold either as ammonia liquor (usually 28% ammonia in water) or as pressurized or refrigerated anhydrous liquid ammonia transported in tank cars or cylinders.NH3 boils at −33.34 °C (−28.012 °F) at a pressure of one atmosphere, so the liquid must be stored under pressure or at low temperature. Household ammonia or ammonium hydroxide is a solution of NH3 in water. The concentration of such solutions is measured in units of the Baumé scale (density), with 26 degrees Baumé (about 30% (by weight) ammonia at 15.5 °C or 59.9 °F) being the typical high-concentration commercial product.Pliny, in Book XXXI of his Natural History, refers to a salt produced in the Roman province of Cyrenaica named hammoniacum, so called because of its proximity to the nearby Temple of Jupiter Amun (Greek Ἄμμων Ammon).However, the description Pliny gives of the salt does not conform to the properties of ammonium chloride. According to Herbert Hoover's commentary in his English translation of Georgius Agricola's De re metallica, it is likely to have been common sea salt.In any case, that salt ultimately gave ammonia and ammonium compounds their name.Ammonia is a chemical found in trace quantities in nature, being produced from nitrogenous animal and vegetable matter. Ammonia and ammonium salts are also found in small quantities in rainwater, whereas ammonium chloride (sal ammoniac), and ammonium sulfate are found in volcanic districts; crystals of ammonium bicarbonate have been found in Patagonia guano.The kidneys secrete ammonia to neutralize excess acid.Ammonium salts are found distributed through fertile soil and in seawater.Ammonia is also found throughout the Solar System on Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto, among other places: on smaller, icy bodies such as Pluto, ammonia can act as a geologically important antifreeze, as a mixture of water and ammonia can have a melting point as low as 173 K (−100 °C; −148 °F) if the ammonia concentration is high enough and thus allow such bodies to retain internal oceans and active geology at a far lower temperature than would be possible with water alone.Substances containing ammonia, or those that are similar to it, are called ammoniacal.Ammonia is a colourless gas with a characteristically pungent smell. It is lighter than air, its density being 0.589 times that of air. It is easily liquefied due to the strong hydrogen bonding between molecules; the liquid boils at −33.3 °C (−27.94 °F), and freezes to white crystals at −77.7 °C (−107.86 °F).Ammonia may be conveniently deodorized by reacting it with either sodium bicarbonate or acetic acid. Both of these reactions form an odourless ammonium salt.The crystal symmetry is cubic, Pearson symbol cP16, space group P213 No.198, lattice constant 0.5125 nm.Liquid ammonia possesses strong ionising powers reflecting its high ε of 22. Liquid ammonia has a very high standard enthalpy change of vaporization (23.35 kJ/mol, cf. water 40.65 kJ/mol, methane 8.19 kJ/mol, phosphine 14.6 kJ/mol) and can therefore be used in laboratories in uninsulated vessels without additional refrigeration. See liquid ammonia as a solvent.Ammonia readily dissolves in water. In an aqueous solution, it can be expelled by boiling. The aqueous solution of ammonia is basic. The maximum concentration of ammonia in water (a saturated solution) has a density of 0.880 g/cm3 and is often known as '.880 ammonia'.Ammonia does not burn readily or sustain combustion, except under narrow fuel-to-air mixtures of 15–25% air. When mixed with oxygen, it burns with a pale yellowish-green flame. Ignition occurs when chlorine is passed into ammonia, forming nitrogen and hydrogen chloride; if chlorine is present in excess, then the highly explosive nitrogen trichloride (NCl3) is also formed.At high temperature and in the presence of a suitable catalyst, ammonia is decomposed into its constituent elements. Decomposition of ammonia is slightly endothermic process requiring 5.5 kcal/mol of ammonia, and yields hydrogen and nitrogen gas. Ammonia can also be used as a source of hydrogen for acid fuel cells if the unreacted ammonia can be removed. Ruthenium and Platinum catalysts were found to be the most active, whereas supported Ni catalysts were the less active.The ammonia molecule has a trigonal pyramidal shape as predicted by the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR theory) with an experimentally determined bond angle of 106.7°.The central nitrogen atom has five outer electrons with an additional electron from each hydrogen atom. This gives a total of eight electrons, or four electron pairs that are arranged tetrahedrally. Three of these electron pairs are used as bond pairs, which leaves one lone pair of electrons. The lone pair repels more strongly than bond pairs, therefore the bond angle is not 109.5°, as expected for a regular tetrahedral arrangement, but 106.7°.This shape gives the molecule a dipole moment and makes it polar. The molecule's polarity, and especially, its ability to form hydrogen bonds, makes ammonia highly miscible with water. The lone pair makes ammonia a base, a proton acceptor. Ammonia is moderately basic; a 1.0 M aqueous solution has a pH of 11.6, and if a strong acid is added to such a solution until the solution is neutral (pH = 7), 99.4% of the ammonia molecules are protonated. Temperature and salinity also affect the proportion of NH4+. The latter has the shape of a regular tetrahedron and is isoelectronic with methane.The ammonia molecule readily undergoes nitrogen inversion at room temperature; a useful analogy is an umbrella turning itself inside out in a strong wind. The energy barrier to this inversion is 24.7 kJ/mol, and the resonance frequency is 23.79 GHz, corresponding to microwave radiation of a wavelength of 1.260 cm. The absorption at this frequency was the first microwave spectrum to be observed.One of the most characteristic properties of ammonia is its basicity. Ammonia is considered to be a weak base. It combines with acids to form salts; thus with hydrochloric acid it forms ammonium chloride (sal ammoniac); with nitric acid, ammonium nitrate, etc. Perfectly dry ammonia will not combine with perfectly dry hydrogen chloride; moisture is necessary to bring about the reaction.As a demonstration experiment, opened bottles of concentrated ammonia and hydrochloric acid produce clouds of ammonium chloride, which seem to appear "out of nothing" as the salt forms where the two diffusing clouds of molecules meet, somewhere between the two bottles.The salts produced by the action of ammonia on acids are known as the ammonium salts and all contain the ammonium ion (NH4+).Although ammonia is well known as a weak base, it can also act as an extremely weak acid. It is a protic substance and is capable of formation of amides (which contain the NH2− ion). For example, lithium dissolves in liquid ammonia to give a solution of lithium amide: 2Li + 2NH3 → 2LiNH2 + H2 The combustion of ammonia in air is very difficult in the absence of a catalyst (such as platinum gauze or warm chromium(III) oxide), due to the relatively low heat of combustion, a lower laminar burning velocity, high auto-ignition temperature, high heat of vaporization, and a narrow flammability range. However, recent studies have shown that efficient and stable combustion of ammonia can be achieved using swirl combustors, thereby rekindling research interest in ammonia as a fuel for thermal power production.The flammable range of ammonia in dry air is 15.15%-27.35% and in 100% relative humidity air is 15.95%-26.55%.For studying the kinetics of ammonia combustion a detailed reliable reaction mechanism is required, however knowledge about ammonia chemical kinetics during combustion process has been challenging.In organic chemistry, ammonia can act as a nucleophile in substitution reactions. Amines can be formed by the reaction of ammonia with alkyl halides, although the resulting -NH2 group is also nucleophilic and secondary and tertiary amines are often formed as byproducts. An excess of ammonia helps minimise multiple substitution and neutralises the hydrogen halide formed. Methylamine is prepared commercially by the reaction of ammonia with chloromethane, and the reaction of ammonia with 2-bromopropanoic acid has been used to prepare racemic alanine in 70% yield. Ethanolamine is prepared by a ring-opening reaction with ethylene oxide: the reaction is sometimes allowed to go further to produce diethanolamine and triethanolamine.Amides can be prepared by the reaction of ammonia with carboxylic acid derivatives. Acyl chlorides are the most reactive, but the ammonia must be present in at least a twofold excess to neutralise the hydrogen chloride formed. Esters and anhydrides also react with ammonia to form amides. Ammonium salts of carboxylic acids can be dehydrated to amides so long as there are no thermally sensitive groups present: temperatures of 150–200 °C are required.The hydrogen in ammonia is susceptible to replacement by myriad substituents. When heated with sodium it converts to sodamide, NaNH2.With chlorine, monochloramine is formed.Pentavalent ammonia is known as λ5-amine or, more commonly, ammonium hydride. This crystalline solid is only stable under high pressure and decomposes back into trivalent ammonia and hydrogen gas at normal conditions. This substance was once investigated as a possible solid rocket fuel in 1966.Ammonia can act as a ligand in transition metal complexes. It is a pure σ-donor, in the middle of the spectrochemical series, and shows intermediate hard-soft behaviour (see also ECW model). Its relative donor strength toward a series of acids, versus other Lewis bases, can be illustrated by C-B plots.For historical reasons, ammonia is named ammine in the nomenclature of coordination compounds. Some notable ammine complexes include tetraamminediaquacopper(II) ([Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+), a dark blue complex formed by adding ammonia to a solution of copper(II) salts. Tetraamminediaquacopper(II) hydroxide is known as Schweizer's reagent, and has the remarkable ability to dissolve cellulose. Diamminesilver(I) ([Ag(NH3)2]+) is the active species in Tollens' reagent. Formation of this complex can also help to distinguish between precipitates of the different silver halides: silver chloride (AgCl) is soluble in dilute (2M) ammonia solution, silver bromide (AgBr) is only soluble in concentrated ammonia solution, whereas silver iodide (AgI) is insoluble in aqueous ammonia.Ammine complexes of chromium(III) were known in the late 19th century, and formed the basis of Alfred Werner's revolutionary theory on the structure of coordination compounds. Werner noted only two isomers (fac- and mer-) of the complex [CrCl3(NH3)3] could be formed, and concluded the ligands must be arranged around the metal ion at the vertices of an octahedron. This proposal has since been confirmed by X-ray crystallography.An ammine ligand bound to a metal ion is markedly more acidic than a free ammonia molecule, although deprotonation in aqueous solution is still rare. One example is the Calomel reaction, where the resulting amidomercury(II) compound is highly insoluble.Ammonia forms 1:1 adducts with a variety of Lewis acids such as I2, phenol, and Al(CH3)3. Ammonia is a hard base and its E & C parameters are EB = 2.31 and C B = 2.04. Its relative donor strength toward a series of acids, versus other Lewis bases, can be illustrated by C-B plots.Ammonia and ammonium salts can be readily detected, in very minute traces, by the addition of Nessler's solution, which gives a distinct yellow colouration in the presence of the slightest trace of ammonia or ammonium salts. The amount of ammonia in ammonium salts can be estimated quantitatively by distillation of the salts with sodium or potassium hydroxide, the ammonia evolved being absorbed in a known volume of standard sulfuric acid and the excess of acid then determined volumetrically; or the ammonia may be absorbed in hydrochloric acid and the ammonium chloride so formed precipitated as ammonium hexachloroplatinate, (NH4)2PtCl6.The ancient Greek historian Herodotus mentioned that there were outcrops of salt in an area of Libya that was inhabited by a people called the "Ammonians" (now: the Siwa oasis in northwestern Egypt, where salt lakes still exist).The Greek geographer Strabo also mentioned the salt from this region. However, the ancient authors Dioscorides, Apicius, Arrian, Synesius, and Aëtius of Amida described this salt as forming clear crystals that could be used for cooking and that were essentially rock salt. Hammoniacus sal appears in the writings of Pliny, although it is not known whether the term is identical with the more modern sal ammoniac (ammonium chloride).The fermentation of urine by bacteria produces a solution of ammonia; hence fermented urine was used in Classical Antiquity to wash cloth and clothing, to remove hair from hides in preparation for tanning, to serve as a mordant in dying cloth, and to remove rust from iron.In the form of sal ammoniac, ammonia was important to the Muslim alchemists as early as the 8th century, first mentioned by the Persian-Arab chemist Jābir ibn Hayyān, and to the European alchemists since the 13th century, being mentioned by Albertus Magnus.It was also used by dyers in the Middle Ages in the form of fermented urine to alter the colour of vegetable dyes. In the 15th century, Basilius Valentinus showed that ammonia could be obtained by the action of alkalis on sal ammoniac.At a later period, when sal ammoniac was obtained by distilling the hooves and horns of oxen and neutralizing the resulting carbonate with hydrochloric acid, the name "spirit of hartshorn" was applied to ammonia.Gaseous ammonia was first isolated by Joseph Black in 1756 by reacting sal ammoniac (Ammonium Chloride) with calcined magnesia (Magnesium Oxide).It was isolated again by Peter Woulfe in 1767,by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1770 and by Joseph Priestley in 1773 and was termed by him "alkaline air".Eleven years later in 1785, Claude Louis Berthollet ascertained its composition.The Haber–Bosch process to produce ammonia from the nitrogen in the air was developed by Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch in 1909 and patented in 1910. It was first used on an industrial scale in Germany during World War I,following the allied blockade that cut off the supply of nitrates from Chile. The ammonia was used to produce explosives to sustain war efforts.Before the availability of natural gas, hydrogen as a precursor to ammonia production was produced via the electrolysis of water or using the chloralkali process.With the advent of the steel industry in the 20th century, ammonia became a byproduct of the production of coking coal.In the US as of 2019, approximately 88% of ammonia was used as fertilizers either as its salts, solutions or anhydrously.When applied to soil, it helps provide increased yields of crops such as maize and wheat.30% of agricultural nitrogen applied in the US is in the form of anhydrous ammonia and worldwide 110 million tonnes are applied each year.Ammonia is directly or indirectly the precursor to most nitrogen-containing compounds. Virtually all synthetic nitrogen compounds are derived from ammonia. An important derivative is nitric acid. This key material is generated via the Ostwald process by oxidation of ammonia with air over a platinum catalyst at 700–850 °C (1,292–1,562 °F), ≈9 atm. Nitric oxide is an intermediate in this conversion: NH3 + 2 O2 → HNO3 + H2O Household ammonia is a solution of NH3 in water, and is used as a general purpose cleaner for many surfaces. Because ammonia results in a relatively streak-free shine, one of its most common uses is to clean glass, porcelain and stainless steel. It is also frequently used for cleaning ovens and soaking items to loosen baked-on grime. Household ammonia ranges in concentration by weight from 5 to 10% ammonia.United States manufacturers of cleaning products are required to provide the product's material safety data sheet which lists the concentration used.As early as in 1895, it was known that ammonia was "strongly antiseptic ... it requires 1.4 grams per litre to preserve beef tea." In one study, anhydrous ammonia destroyed 99.999% of zoonotic bacteria in 3 types of animal feed, but not silage.Anhydrous ammonia is currently used commercially to reduce or eliminate microbial contamination of beef.Lean finely textured beef (popularly known as "pink slime") in the beef industry is made from fatty beef trimmings (c. 50–70% fat) by removing the fat using heat and centrifugation, then treating it with ammonia to kill E. coli. The process was deemed effective and safe by the US Department of Agriculture based on a study that found that the treatment reduces E. coli to undetectable levels.There have been safety concerns about the process as well as consumer complaints about the taste and smell of beef treated at optimal levels of ammonia.The level of ammonia in any final product has not come close to toxic levels to humans.Because of ammonia's vaporization properties, it is a useful refrigerant.It was commonly used before the popularisation of chlorofluorocarbons (Freons). Anhydrous ammonia is widely used in industrial refrigeration applications and hockey rinks because of its high energy efficiency and low cost. It suffers from the disadvantage of toxicity, and requiring corrosion resistant components, which restricts its domestic and small-scale use. Along with its use in modern vapor-compression refrigeration it is used in a mixture along with hydrogen and water in absorption refrigerators. The Kalina cycle, which is of growing importance to geothermal power plants, depends on the wide boiling range of the ammonia–water mixture. Ammonia coolant is also used in the S1 radiator aboard the International Space Station in two loops which are used to regulate the internal temperature and enable temperature dependent experiments.The potential importance of ammonia as a refrigerant has increased with the discovery that vented CFCs and HFCs are extremely potent and stable greenhouse gases.The contribution to the greenhouse effect of CFCs and HFCs in current use, if vented, would match that of all CO2 in the atmosphere.The raw energy density of liquid ammonia is 11.5 MJ/L,which is about a third that of diesel. There is the opportunity to convert ammonia back to hydrogen, where it can be used to power hydrogen fuel cells or directly within high-temperature fuel cells.The conversion of ammonia to hydrogen via the sodium amide process,either for combustion or as fuel for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell,is possible. Conversion to hydrogen would allow the storage of hydrogen at nearly 18 wt% compared to ≈5% for gaseous hydrogen under pressure.Ammonia engines or ammonia motors, using ammonia as a working fluid, have been proposed and occasionally used.The principle is similar to that used in a fireless locomotive, but with ammonia as the working fluid, instead of steam or compressed air. Ammonia engines were used experimentally in the 19th century by Goldsworthy Gurney in the UK and the St. Charles Avenue Streetcar line in New Orleans in the 1870s and 1880s,and during World War II ammonia was used to power buses in Belgium.Ammonia is sometimes proposed as a practical alternative to fossil fuel for internal combustion engines.Its high octane rating of 120 and low flame temperature allows the use of high compression ratios without a penalty of high NOx production. Since ammonia contains no carbon, its combustion cannot produce carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, or soot.Even though ammonia production currently creates 1.8% of global CO2 emissions, the Royal Society report claims that "green" ammonia can be produced by using low-carbon hydrogen (blue hydrogen and green hydrogen). Total decarbonization of ammonia production and the accomplishment of net-zero targets are possible by 2050.However ammonia cannot be easily used in existing Otto cycle engines because of its very narrow flammability range, and there are also other barriers to widespread automobile usage. In terms of raw ammonia supplies, plants would have to be built to increase production levels, requiring significant capital and energy sources. Although it is the second most produced chemical (after sulfuric acid), the scale of ammonia production is a small fraction of world petroleum usage. It could be manufactured from renewable energy sources, as well as coal or nuclear power. The 60 MW Rjukan dam in Telemark, Norway produced ammonia for many years from 1913, providing fertilizer for much of Europe.Despite this, several tests have been done. In 1981, a Canadian company converted a 1981 Chevrolet Impala to operate using ammonia as fuel.In 2007, a University of Michigan pickup powered by ammonia drove from Detroit to San Francisco as part of a demonstration, requiring only one fill-up in Wyoming.Compared to hydrogen as a fuel, ammonia is much more energy efficient, and could be produced, stored, and delivered at a much lower cost than hydrogen which must be kept compressed as a cryogenic liquid.Rocket engines have also been fueled by ammonia. The Reaction Motors XLR99 rocket engine that powered the X-15 hypersonic research aircraft used liquid ammonia. Although not as powerful as other fuels, it left no soot in the reusable rocket engine, and its density approximately matches the density of the oxidizer, liquid oxygen, which simplified the aircraft's design.Ammonia, as the vapor released by smelling salts, has found significant use as a respiratory stimulant. Ammonia is commonly used in the illegal manufacture of methamphetamine through a Birch reduction.The Birch method of making methamphetamine is dangerous because the alkali metal and liquid ammonia are both extremely reactive, and the temperature of liquid ammonia makes it susceptible to explosive boiling when reactants are added.Liquid ammonia is used for treatment of cotton materials, giving properties like mercerisation, using alkalis. In particular, it is used for prewashing of wool.At standard temperature and pressure, ammonia is less dense than atmosphere and has approximately 45-48% of the lifting power of hydrogen or helium. Ammonia has sometimes been used to fill weather balloons as a lifting gas. Because of its relatively high boiling point (compared to helium and hydrogen), ammonia could potentially be refrigerated and liquefied aboard an airship to reduce lift and add ballast (and returned to a gas to add lift and reduce ballast).The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set a 15-minute exposure limit for gaseous ammonia of 35 ppm by volume in the environmental air and an 8-hour exposure limit of 25 ppm by volume.The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recently reduced the IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health, the level to which a healthy worker can be exposed for 30 minutes without suffering irreversible health effects) from 500 to 300 based on recent more conservative interpretations of original research in 1943. Other organizations have varying exposure levels. U.S. Navy Standards [U.S. Bureau of Ships 1962] maximum allowable concentrations (MACs): continuous exposure (60 days): 25 ppm / 1 hour: 400 ppm.Ammonia vapour has a sharp, irritating, pungent odour that acts as a warning of potentially dangerous exposure. The average odour threshold is 5 ppm, well below any danger or damage. Exposure to very high concentrations of gaseous ammonia can result in lung damage and death.Ammonia is regulated in the United States as a non-flammable gas, but it meets the definition of a material that is toxic by inhalation and requires a hazardous safety permit when transported in quantities greater than 13,248 L (3,500 gallons).Liquid ammonia is dangerous because it is hygroscopic and because it can cause caustic burns. See Gas carrier § Health effects of specific cargoes carried on gas carriers for more information.The toxicity of ammonia solutions does not usually cause problems for humans and other mammals, as a specific mechanism exists to prevent its build-up in the bloodstream. Ammonia is converted to carbamoyl phosphate by the enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, and then enters the urea cycle to be either incorporated into amino acids or excreted in the urine.Fish and amphibians lack this mechanism, as they can usually eliminate ammonia from their bodies by direct excretion. Ammonia even at dilute concentrations is highly toxic to aquatic animals, and for this reason it is classified as dangerous for the environment.Ammonia is a constituent of tobacco smoke.Ammonia is present in coking wastewater streams, as a liquid by-product of the production of coke from coal.In some cases, the ammonia is discharged to the marine environment where it acts as a pollutant. The Whyalla steelworks in South Australia is one example of a coke-producing facility which discharges ammonia into marine waters.
AMMONIUM ACETATE
AMMONIUM ACETATE Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), also known as spirit of Mindererus in aqueous solution, is a chemical compound with the formula NH4CH3CO2. It is a white, hygroscopic solid and can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid. It is available commercially.[5] Contents 1 Uses 1.1 Buffer 1.2 Other 1.3 Food additive 2 Production 3 References 4 External links Uses It is the main precursor to acetamide:[6] NH4CH3CO2 → CH3C(O)NH2 + H2O It is also used as a diuretic.[5] Buffer As the salt of a weak acid and a weak base, Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is often used with acetic acid to create a buffer solution. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is volatile at low pressures. Because of this, it has been used to replace cell buffers with non-volatile salts in preparing samples for mass spectrometry.[7] It is also popular as a buffer for mobile phases for HPLC with ELSD detection for this reason. Other volatile salts that have been used for this include Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) formate. Other a biodegradable de-icing agent. a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation and as a source of ammonia in the Borch reaction in organic synthesis. a protein precipitating reagent in dialysis to remove contaminants via diffusion. a reagent in agricultural chemistry for determination of soil CEC (cation exchange capacity ) and determination of available potassium in soil wherein the Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) ion acts as a replacement cation for potassium. Food additive Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is also used as a food additive as an acidity regulator; INS number 264. It is approved for usage in Australia and New Zealand.[8] Production Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is produced by the neutralization of acetic acid with Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) carbonate or by saturating glacial acetic acid with ammonia.[9] Obtaining crystalline Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is difficult on account of its hygroscopic nature. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) PORPHYRINS: LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY Choice of Mobile Phase The porphyrins derived from the haem biosynthetic pathway are amphoteric compounds ionizable and soluble in both acids and bases. They are therefore ideal for separation by RP-HPLC in the presence of an ion-pairing agent (e.g. tetrabutyl Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) phosphate) or by ionization control with an acid (e.g. trifluoroacetic acid), a base (e.g. triethylamine) or a buffer solution (e.g. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) buffer). The choice of a correct mobile phase is obviously important for achieving an optimal separation. With the increasing use of online HPLC–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), the chosen mobile phase ideally should also be fully compatible with mass spectrometry. The introduction of hybrid electrospray quadrupole/time-of-flight MS allows sensitive and specific analysis of porphyrin free acids by LC–MS. To exploit this capability a mobile phase that is sufficiently volatile and is able to separate the whole range of porphyrins, including the complex type-isomers, is highly desirable. This rules out reversed-phase ion pair chromatography and the use of phosphate buffer. Simple acidic eluent such as 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid–acetonitrile mixtures can be used for the separation of porphyrins. However, resolution of the type-isomers of uro- and hepta-carboxyl porphyrins was not achieved although type-isomers of porphyrins with 6, 5, and 4 carboxyl groups were well separated. To date, mobile phases containing Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) buffer provide excellent resolution and column efficiency as well as being fully compatible with LC–MS operation. This buffer has been studied for the separation of porphyrins in detail and the following conclusions have been drawn: The molar concentration of Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) buffer in the mobile phase significantly affected the retention and resolution. The optimum buffer concentration is 1 M. Below 0.5 M, excessive retention and peak broadening results, particularly in isocratic elution. At above 1.5 M, rapid elution with the consequent loss of resolution was observed. The retention and resolution of the porphyrins are greatly influenced by the pH of the Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) buffer. Increasing the pH decreased the retention with loss of resolution. The optimum pH range is between 5.1 and 5.2, although this is column dependent. This pH range is, however, suitable for most reversed-phase columns. In earlier studies it was shown that the isocratic elution of uroporphyrin I and III from reversed-phase columns was organic modifier specific and, with methanol as the organic modifier and 1 M Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) (pH 5.16) as the aqueous buffer, excessive retention and peak broadening was observed. The methanol adsorbed on the hydrocarbonaceous stationary phase surface is able to form extensive hydrogen bonds with the eight carboxyl groups of uroporphyrin, thus resulting in long retention and peak broadening. This effect is less significant in the separation of porphyrins with fewer carboxyl groups. Nevertheless it is best to avoid using methanol as the sole organic modifier in porphyrin separations, especially when uroporphyrin is one of the components to be separated. Replacing methanol with acetonitrile results in excellent resolution of uroporphyrin isomers within convenient retention times. Acetonitrile, however, is immiscible with 1 M Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) when its proportion is above 35% in the mobile phase. While acetonitrile–1 M Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) buffer mobile phase systems are excellent for the separation of porphyrins that can be eluted at up to 30% acetonitrile content (8-, 7-, 6-, 5- and 4-carboxyl porphyrins), they are not suitable for the separation of porphyrins that required a higher proportion of acetonitrile for elution, such as the dicarboxyl mesoporphyrin and protoporphyrin. In order to achieve simultaneous separation of all the porphyrins, therefore, a mixture of acetonitrile and methanol as the organic modifier is required. 1 M Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) buffer is completely miscible with methanol. A mixture consisting of 9–10% (v/v) acetonitrile in methanol as the organic modifier thus overcomes the hydrogen bonding effect caused by methanol and the solubility problem of 1 M Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) in acetonitrile. In practice, gradient elution is carried out by inclusion of 10% (v/v) acetonitrile in each of the gradient solvents, i.e. 1 M Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) (pH 5.16) and methanol. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) solution, 5M is an important reagent for studying molecular biology, biological buffers, reagents and DNA and RNA purification. It is a popular buffer for mobile phases for HPLC with ESLD detection, for ESI mass spectrometry of proteins and other molecules, and has been used to replace cell buffers with non-volitile salts. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is also used in protein studies and protein preparation. It can be used in the protein purification steps of dialysis to remove contaminants through diffusion and, when combined with distilled water, as a protein precipitating agent. In organic chemistry, Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) solution is useful as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation and as a source of ammonia in the Borch reaction. Additionally, it is occasionally used commercially as a biodegradable de-icing agent and as an additive in food as an acidity regulator. How long does 10M Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) take to dissolve in water? I need to make 10M Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) for DNA extraction. I calculated the amount required for 70 ml solution and started dissolving it using a magnetic stirrer. It has been four hours, but the solute hasn't dissolved yet. Is this normal? How long does it usually take to make 10M Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) solution? The Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) I used to make solution was not powder per se, it was more like crystals. I cannot add more water to the solution. Is heating an option? I am trying to make acetonitrile solution containing 10mM Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), but I've noticed that Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) would immediately crash out once 10ml of 1M stock was added into 1L acetonitril. This solution will be used as a mobile phase in LC-MS-MS for gradient elution, so ideally acetonitrile concentration should be kept at no less than 98%. Does anyone have experience making up this solution? I want to prepare 7.5 M Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) solution. The recipe stated that I need to dissolved 57.81 g Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) in water to final volume of 100 ml, then sterilize by filtration (0.2 micro meter filter). The final pH will be 5.5. I don't understand and don't know how to sterilize by filtration? I hope someone can explain and show how to prepare this solution. Thank you Our 5M Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) solution is prepared in molecular biology grade/ultrapure water, filter sterilized with 0.22 µm filter and DNase/RNase/Protease Free. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) solution is an important reagent used in molecular biology research- DNA and RNA purification, biological buffers, chemical analysis, in pharmaceuticals, and in preserving foods. It is commonly used for routine precipitation of nucleic acids, and is useful for reducing the co-precipitation of unwanted dNTPs and contaminating oligosaccharides in the sample. Note: 1) Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) should not be used when phosphorylating the nucleic acid using T4 polynucleotide kinase, because this enzyme is inhibited by Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) ions. 2) Do not autoclave Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Acetate Buffer. If precipitates form, warm solution to 37°C to re-suspend. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is also used in protein studies and protein preparation. It can be used in the protein purification steps of dialysis to remove contaminants through diffusion and, when combined with distilled water, as a protein precipitating agent. It is a popular buffer for mobile phases for HPLC with ESLD detection, for ESI mass spectrometry of proteins and other molecules, and has been used to replace cell buffers with non-volatile salts. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) solution is used commercially as a biodegradable de-icing agent and as an additive in food. Additionally, it is useful in organic chemistry as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation and as a source of ammonia in the Borch reaction. The chemical details of Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) are below: CAS Number: 631-61-8; Synonyms: Azanium Acetate; Acetic acid Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) salt; Acetic acid, Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) salt; Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) ethanoate Molecular Formula: C2H7NO2 Molecular Weight: 77.083 g/mol InChI Key: USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Product Description Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Application Notes Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Ultra pure is for applications which require tight control of elemental content. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is a widely used reagent in molecular biology and chromatography. Its applications include the purification and precipitation of DNA and protein crystallization. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is commonly used in HPLC and MS analysis of various compounds, such as oligosaccharides, proteins, and peptides. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is also used for the nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (NACE-MS) of lipophilic peptides and therapeutic drugs. Usage Statement Unless specified otherwise, MP Biomedical's products are for research or further manufacturing use only, not for direct human use. For more information, please contact our customer service department. Applications Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is widely utilized as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation. It is the primary source of ammonia in the Borch reaction in organic synthesis. It is used with distilled water to make a protein precipitating reagent. It acts as a buffer for electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry of proteins and other molecules and as mobile phases for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Sometimes, it is used as a biodegradable de-icing agent and an acidity regulator in food additives. Notes Hygroscopic. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is an inorganic chemical compound. Its IUPAC name is Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) ethanoate. When in aqueous solution, the substance is often called spirit of Mindererus. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) CAS number is 631-61-8, its chemical formula can be written in two ways: C2H7NO2 and NH4CH3CO2. The compound itself is a white solid with orthorhombic crystal structure and highly hygroscopic. It dissolves easily in cold water and decomposes in hot. Besides, Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is soluble in alcohol, acetone, sulfur dioxide, and liquid ammonia. Here are some more characteristics of the substance: density: 1.17 g/cm3; molar mass: 77.08 g·mol−1; melting point: 113 °C; flash point: 136 °C. The chemical is considered hazardous, as it irritates human tissues. Production and Uses There are two methods of Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) production. According to the first one, acetic acid is neutralized with Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) carbonate. The second includes saturation of glacial acetic acid with ammonia. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) uses are not very diverse. It usually serves as basic catalyst for Henry reactions. The substance is also used to create a buffer solution, since it is the salt of a weak acid. It is an important reagent in different chemical reactions. In food industry, the compound is applied to control the acidity and alkalinity of foods. You do not need now to spend your precious time on searching consumables for your lab as you can buy Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) and many other chemicals at compatible price on our website Brumer.com. We care about our customers and offer you only certified high-quality products for your laboratory needs. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Formula Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Formula- It is a salt that has interesting chemical properties and due to this reason, the pharmaceutical industry uses it as an intermediary and raw material in various processes. NH4OAc (Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat)) is a salt that forms from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid. Also, it is useful for applications that require buffer solutions. The Henry reactions are the most common reactions that use Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat). In an aqueous solution, it is a chemical compound that we know by the name spirit of Mindererus or Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), which is a white, hygroscopic solid we can derive from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Formula and Structure Its chemical formula is NH4CH2CO2 or CH2COONH4. The molecular formula of Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is C2H7NO2and its molar mass is 77.08 g/mol-1. Also, it is a slat of acetate ion COO-1(from acetic acid dissociation in water) and Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) ion NH4+(from ammonia dissociation in water). Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is volatile at low pressure because it has been used to replace cell buffers with non-volatile salts that help in the preparation of chemical samples. Its common representation of organic molecule’s chemical structure can be written as below: Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) formula Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Occurrence In nature, Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is not present in a free compound state. But, Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) and acetate ions are present in many biochemical processes. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Preparation Just like other acetates, we can also synthesize Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) in a similar way to other acetates that is through neutralization of acetic acid. Furthermore, this synthesis uses acetic acid that we neutralize by adding Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) carbonate. Besides, in the chemical industries, this method uses glacial acetic acid that is saturated with ammonia: 2CH3COOH + (NH4)2CO3→ 2CH3COONH4+ H2CO3 H2CO3→ CO2+ H2O CH3COOH + NH3→ CH3COONH4 Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Physical Properties It is a hygroscopic white solid with a slightly acidic odor. Furthermore, its melting point is 113oC. Also, it is highly soluble in water and its density in this liquid is 1.17 g/mL-1. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Chemical Properties It is a slat of a weak acid (acetic acid) and a weak base (ammonia). We use this salt with acetic acid to prepare a buffer solution to regulate its pH. Nevertheless, its use as a buffering agent is not very extensive because Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) can be volatile in low pressures. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Uses We use it as a raw material in the synthesis of pesticides, herbicides, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Moreover, it is the precursor in the acetamide synthesis (a chemical compound that we use to produce plasticizers): CH3COONH4→ CH3C(O)NH2+ H2O In industries, they use it to acidify textiles and hair and some countries use it as a food acidity regulator. With acetic acid, it is a buffering agent. In organic chemistry, Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) found its use as a catalyst, in reactions such as Knoevenagel condensations. We can use it as a fertilizer and in the synthesis of explosives. It is volatile at low pressure and because of this, industries and scientists have used it to replace cell buffers with non-volatile salts in preparing samples for mass spectrometry. Besides, it is popular as a buffer for mobile phases for HPLC and ELSD detection for this reason. Moreover, other salts that they have used for this include Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) formate. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Health and Safety Hazards Majorly, Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) causes irritation in the mouth, eyes, skin, and nose. Furthermore, it is highly dangerous by ingestion and can cause tissue necrosis. It can also destroy the cell membranes, penetrate in organisms, and saponify the skin. When heated it produces toxic fumes that can damage the lungs. In a few seconds, it can decompose sodium hypochlorite. Solved Examples on Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Formula Question: Show how Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is a precursor of acetamide? Solution: The reaction is as below: NH4CH3CO2 → CH3C(O)NH2 + H2O 11.4.3 Reagents and Materials Acetonitrile, methanol: HPLC grade; n-Hexane; Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) hydroxide; Formic acid; Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat); Anhydrous sodium sulfate: Calcine at 650°C for 4 h and store in a desiccator; Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) hydroxide-methanol mixed solvent: 25 + 75,v/v; Formic acid solution: 0.1%; Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) buffer solution: 10 mmol/L; Strong cation exchange (SCX) SPE cartridge: 500 mg/3 mL; the extraction cartridge is conditioned using 3 mL methanol, 3 mL water, 3 mL 10 mmol/L ammonia acetate before use. Prevent the columns from running dry. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Acetonitrile: HPLC grade. Chlorhydric acid Tris hydroxymethylaminomethane (tris): C4H11NO3 Calcium chloride: CaCl2·2H2O. Methanol water solution (2 + 3): Mix 400 mL methanol and 600 mL water. 0.01 mol/L Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) solution: Dissolve 0.77 g Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) into a 1000-mL volumetric flask, bring to volume with water and mix. Constant volume solution: Mix 0.01 mol/L Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) solution and Acetonitrile in volume proportion of 17:3. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat): Analytically Pure Methanol: HPLC Grade Toluene: HPLC Grade Acetone: HPLC Grade Sodium Acetate: Anhydrous, Analytically Pure Membrane Filters (Nylon): 13 mm × 0.2 μm, 13 mm × 0.45 μm Sodium Sulfate, Magnesium Sulfate: Anhydrous, Analytically Pure. Ignited at 650°C for 4 h and Kept in a Desiccator 0.1% Formic Acid (V/V) 5 mmol/L Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Solution Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), sulphate or phosphate which liberates respective acid beyond 80°C to develop required pH. Dye anions possess higher affinity for fibre even at neutral pH requiring a minimum of acid. These are commonly known as ‘super milling dyes’ due to their high fastness to milling. Dyeing is started at 60°C with Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is a widely used reagent in molecular biology and chromatography. Suitable applications include the purification and precipitation of DNA and protein crystallization. Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is commonly used in HPLC and MS analysis of various compounds, such as oligosaccharides, proteins, and peptides. Based on the experimental results obtained with the analogue Fumaric Acid (4h-LD 50 for New Zealand rabbits > 20000 mg/kg bw) and the molecular weights, the read-across approach is applied and the LD 50 for substance Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is calculated to be greater than 26556.42 mg/kg bw under test conditions. The analogue Fumaric Acid, which shares the same functional group with Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), also has comparable values for the relevant molecular properties. These properties are: - a low log Pow value which is 0.25 for Fumaric Acid and - 2.79 for Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), - water solubility which is 0.0063 g/mL at 25 ºC for Fumaric Acid and 1480 g/L at 4 ºC for Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), and - molecular weights which are 116.07 for Fumaric Acid and 77.08 for Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat). Any other information on results incl. tables The analogue Fumaric Acid which shares the same functional group with Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), also has comparable values for the relevant molecular properties. These properties are: - a low log Pow value which is 0.25 for Fumaric Acid and -2.79 for Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), - similar molecular weights which are 116.07 for Fumaric Acid and 77.08 for Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat). Both chemicals are grouped together by US EPA category group Carboxylic Food Acids and Salts Category. As indicated in the European Chemical Agency Practical Guide 6 “How to report read –across and categories”, the structural grouping was realized using “OECD QSAR APPLICATION TOOL BOX” version 1.1.0.Presented results show that both substances have common (eco)toxicological behavior (attachment). Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) ENVIRONMENTAL FATE and PATHWAY Aerobic Biodegradation Experimental results: Readily biodegradable Experimental results on Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), read-across from experimental data on Sodium Acetate and read-across from estimated data on Ammonia and Acetic Acid, based on functional group: Experimental data and read-across from Potassium Acetate, based on molecular weights: Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Invertebrates Experimental data: Read-across from experimental data on analogues Sodium Acetate, Potassium Acetate and Ammonia, based on molecular weights: Read-across from experimental data on analogues Acetic Acid, Potassium Acetate and Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Sulphate, based on molecular weights: Acute Toxicity: Oral Experimental data: Weight of evidence: Read-across from experimental data on Potassium Acetate and Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Sulphate, based on molecular weights: Weight of evidence: Read-across from experimental data on Fumaric Acid and Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Sulphate, based on molecular weights: Weight of evidence: Read-across approach from experimental data on analogues Potassium Acetate and Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Lactate, and Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Stearate based on functional group: The substance Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is considered as not irritating for skin. Eye Irritation/Corrosion Experimental data: Fumaric Acid has been tested by application of a drop of 10% solution to the eyes of rabbits after mechanical removal of corneal epithelium to facilitate penetration, but it appeared to do no damage, & healing was similar to that in control eyes without test chemical. Weight of evidence: Read-across approach from experimental data on analogues Potassium Acetate, Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Sulphate, and Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Stearate, based on functional group: The substance Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is considered as not irritating for eyes. Weight of evidence: Read-across approach from experimental results on Citric Acid, Glycolic Acid, Sodium Glycolate, Lactic Acid, Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Lactate, and Triacetin, based on functional group: All this substances were not sensitising for human and guinea pigs. Based on these results, Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is considered to be not sensitizing. Repeated Dose Toxicity Repeated dose toxicity: oral: Experimental data: Repeated dose toxicity: oral: 2-year study in male and female rats which were treated by diet. The LOAEL = 750 mg/kg bw/day (based on slight increases in mortality and increased incidence of testes degeneration at the highest dose tested). The NOAEL = 600 mg/kg bw/day. Repeated dose toxicity: oral: Weight of evidence: Experimental results: Repeated dose toxicity: oral: 90 days withfemale Wistar rats. The NOAEL was 3150.4 mg/kg bw/day . Repeated dose toxicity: oral: 15 days study with female Wistar rats. The NOAEL 3102.2 mg/kg bw/day . Read-across from the analogue Sodium Acetate, based on molecular weights: In a bacterial reverse mutation assay usingS. typhimurium(TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA97 and TA1537) in the absence of metabolic activation and concentrations up to 1000μg/plate, fumaric acid was not mutagenic. Weight of evidence: Read-across from Sodium Acetate (category analogue) based on functional group: Reverse mutation assay using S. typhimurium strains TA92, TA1535, TA100, TA1537, TA94 and TA98 with metabolic activation. Resultslead to the conclusion that Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) did not cause point mutations in the microbial systems. Read-across from Acetic Acid, based on functional group: Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is considered to be not mutagenic on S.typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 97, and/or TA 1537, with and without metabolic activation. Read-across from experimental data on Ammonia, anhydrous, based on functional group: Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is considered to be not mutagenic on Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537, and TA 1538, and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA, with and without metabolic activation. Read-across from experimental data on Ammonia, aqueous solution, based on functional group: Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is considered not mutagenic on E. coli Sd-4-73, without metabolic activation. Weight of evidence: Read-across from the analogue Acetic anhydride, based on functional group: Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is considered to be not mutagenic on mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells, with and without metabolic activation. Read-across from the analogue Phenoxy acetic acid, based on functional group: Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is considered to be not mutagenic on Chinese hamster ovary cells, with and without metabolic activation. Estimated data from Danish (Q)SAR Database: Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) was not mutagenic in mammalian cell gene mutation assays on mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells nor on Chinese hamster ovary cells. Chromosomal aberration Fumaric acid was assayed in anin vitroassay using Chinese hamster fibroblast cells in the absence of metabolic activation at doses up to 1 mg/mL; however, insufficient information was provided in the robust summary to adequately evaluate this study. Weight of evidence: Read-across from Sodium Acetate (category analogue) based on functional group: In an in vitro chromosomal aberration assay with a Chinese hamster fibroblast cell line, CHL, without metabolic activation systems, it is concluded that Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) did not induce chromosomal aberrations(including gaps). Read-across from Acetic Acid, based on functional group: Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is considered as not clastogenic on Chinese hamster Ovary (CHO) cells, without metabolic activation. Read-across from Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Sulfate, based on functional group: Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is not considered mutagenic on Chinese Hamster Ovary cells, in the absence of a metabolic activation system. Key studies: Read-across from Sodium Acetate (category analogue) based on functional group: The Testicular DNA-synthesis inhibition test (DSI test) on male mice provides evidence that Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is not genotoxic in animals (basis of the method: measuring 3H-thymidine incorporation). Test substance did not inhibit DNA replication in this assay. TOXICITY TO REPRODUCTION: Weight of evidence: Read-across from the analogue Citric Acid, based on molecular weights: A study on rats and mice daily treated by feed before, during, and after mating. For Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), the NOAEL is calculated to be equal or greater than 3009.37 mg/kg bw/day (basis for effect: number of pregnancies, number of young born, or survival of young). A fertility test on female rats daily treated by feed for several months. For Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), the NOAEL is calculated to be 722.25 mg/kg bw/day, and LOAEL greater than 722.25 mg/kg bw/day for reproductive effects. Read-across from the analogue Citric Acid, sodium salt, based on molecular weights: A fertility study on female rats daily treated by feed for several months. For Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), the NOAEL is calculated to be 54.0 mg/kg bw/day, and LOAEL greater than 54.0 mg/kg bw/day for reproductive effects. Read-across from the analogue Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) sulfate, based on molecular weights: A study on male and female rats exposed for 13 weeks to diets with Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) Sulfate. For Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), the NOAEL is calculated to be 1033.64 mg/kg bw/day for males, and 2304.12 mg/kg bw/day for females. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY / TERATOGENICITY: Weight of evidence: Experimental results: A study on female rats fed an Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) -containing diet starting on day 1 of pregnancy until weaning (at posnatal day on 21). After weaning, pups were either fed a normal diet, with no Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) added, or continued on Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) until sacrifice. The NOAEL for developmental toxicity was 4293 mg/kg bw/day . Read-across from the analogue Sodium Acetate, based on molecular weights: Pregnant CD-1 mice were treated by oral gavage with Sodium Acetate on days 8-12 of gestation. For Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), theNOAEL is calculated to be939.66 mg/kg bw/day (based on maternal toxicity: mortality, pregnancy and resorption; and on neonatal effects: mortality and body weight). Read-across from the analogue Citric Acid, based on molecular weights: A study on rats and mice daily treated by feed before, during, and after mating. For Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), the NOAEL is calculated to be equal or greater than 3009.37 mg/kg bw/day (basis for effect: number of pregnancies, number of young born, or survival of young). Read-across from the analogue substance Calcium Formate, based on molecular weights: A three-generation drinking water study was performed. For Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat), the NOAEL is calculated to be equal or higher than 236.96 mg/kg bw/day. Read-across from Acetic Acid, based on molecular weights: A one-generation study was performed on female mice, rats and rabbits with Acetic Acid. The read-across approach was applied and the NOAEL with the substance Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) acetate is calculated to be equal or greater than 2055.47 mg/kg bw/day for maternal and developmental toxicity in mice, rats, and rabbits. Applicant's summary and conclusion Interpretation of results: not classified Remarks: Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU Conclusions: The (4h) LD 50 for substance Ammonium acetate(Amonyum asetat) is calculated to be gr
AMMONIUM ACETATE
Ammonium Acetate is a biodegradable de-icing agent.
Ammonium Acetate is a white crystalline solid formed when ammonia reacts with acetic acid.
Ammonium acetate is an ammonium salt obtained by the reaction of ammonia with acetic acid.


CAS Number: 631-61-8
EC Number: 211-162-9
Linear Formula: CH3CO2NH4
Chemical formula: C2H7NO2


Ammonium acetate, also known as spirit of Mindererus in aqueous solution, is a chemical compound with the formula NH4CH3CO2.
Ammonium Acetate is a white, hygroscopic solid and can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.
Ammonium Acetate is available commercially.


Ammonium Acetate has a relatively low melting point (114°C) for a salt.
Ammonium Acetate acts as a food acidity regulator and buffer.
Ammonium acetate has a number of distinctive properties.


Ammonium acetate or C2H7NO2 appears in the form of a crystalline white solid with a slight acetous odour.
This ammonium salt is derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.
The chemical name of this salt is Ammonium Acetate while it is even known as the spirit of Mindererus on the aqueous form.


The other names of Ammonium Acetate include ammonium ethanoate and Azanium Acetate.
Ammonium Acetate is extensively used in the preservation of foods; in pharmaceuticals and the chemical analysis procedure.
Ammonium Acetate salt works most effectively when used in the form of a food acidity regulator.


Ammonium Acetate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
Ammonium Acetate is a biodegradable de-icing agent.


Ammonium Acetate is a white crystalline solid formed when ammonia reacts with acetic acid.
Ammonium acetate is an ammonium salt obtained by the reaction of ammonia with acetic acid.
Ammonium acetate is a chemical compound with the formula NH4CH3CO2.


Ammonium Acetate is a white, hygroscopic solid and can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.
Ammonium Acetate is available commercially.
Ammonium Acetate has a variety of applications in molecular biology and chromatography.


Ammonium Acetate is a useful reagent for the purification and precipitation of DNA and protein.
Ammonium Acetate Solution is a clear, near colourless liquid manufactured by reacting ammonia solution with glacial acetic acid to produce strengths ranging from 50% to 66%.


Ammonium Acetate is typically supplied in bulk tankers, 200 litre drums or 1000 litre IBC’s for use in a wide range of applications including metals processing, latex manufacture, chemical intermediate manufcature and pH control.
Ammonium Acetate is used as a raw material in the synthesis of pesticides, herbicides, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Moreover, Ammonium Acetate is the precursor in the acetamide synthesis (a chemical compound that we use to produce plasticizers):
CH3COONH4→ CH3C(O)NH2+ H2O


In industries, they use Ammonium Acetate to acidify textiles and hair and some countries use it as a food acidity regulator.
With acetic acid, Ammonium Acetate is a buffering agent. In organic chemistry, ammonium acetate found its use as a catalyst, in reactions such as Knoevenagel condensations.


We can use Ammonium Acetate as a fertilizer and in the synthesis of explosives.
Ammonium Acetate is volatile at low pressure and because of this, industries and scientists have used it to replace cell buffers with non-volatile salts in preparing samples for mass spectrometry.


Besides, Ammonium Acetate is popular as a buffer for mobile phases for HPLC and ELSD detection for this reason.
Moreover, other salts that they have used for this include ammonium formate.
The Hydrogen atom in Acetic acid was replaced by an Ammonium ion.


Most commonly Ammonium Acetate is used as a food acidity regulator, is also used in dialysis processes, and is used as a reagent in agricultural products and it is not harmful with less exposure.
Ammonium Acetate consists of Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, and Oxygen atoms.


One carbon atom is linked to 3 Hydrogen atoms and another carbon atom that linked to 2 oxygen atoms, one with a double bond and one with a single bond.
Single bond linked oxygen atom again linked to Nitrogen have 4 hydrogen atoms.
Ammonium acetate is also called as Spirit of mindererus.


Ammonium Acetate is a chemical compound that appears in the form of a white crystalline solid with a slight acetous odor.
Ammonium Acetate contains 2 carbons, 7 hydrogens, 1 Nitrogen, and 2 Oxygen atoms.
The Hydrogen atom in the Acetic acid was replaced by an Ammonium ion.
Finally, it gives Ammonium acetate.


And it is a precursor of Acetamide which is used as a diuretic.
On further heating, it will be converted into Acetonitrile (Methyl cyanide).
Ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) is a salt formed from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.
Ammonium Acetate can be useful for applications that require buffered solutions.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMMONIUM ACETATE:
Use to the environment of Ammonium Acetate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid and in the production of articles.


Release to the environment of Ammonium Acetate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and as processing aid.


Other release to the environment of Ammonium Acetate is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid, outdoor use as processing aid, indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).


Ammonium Acetate can be used to precipitate DNA from enzymatic reactions.
Ammonium acetate is widely used in perfumes, fragrances, cosmetics and personal care products.
Ammonium Acetate has use in healthcare, scientific research and development, agriculture, forestry, fisheries, construction and civil works, formulation of mixtures and/or repackaging.


Ammonium Acetate is used in the formulation and repackaging of laboratory chemicals, leather processing products, metal surface treatment products, non-metal surface treatment products, pH regulators and water treatment products, polymers.
Ammonium Acetate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.


Other releases of Ammonium Acetate into the environment are likely to occur from: indoor use as a processing aid, outdoor use as a processing aid, indoor use in long-life materials with a low release rate (eg flooring, furniture, toys, building materials, curtains, shoes, leather goods, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-lasting materials with a high emission rate (eg separation from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of interior paints).


Release to the environment of Ammonium Acetate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and as processing aid.


Other release to the environment of Ammonium Acetate is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints), indoor use as processing aid and outdoor use as processing aid.


Ammonium Acetate can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles, machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines) and electrical batteries and accumulators.
Ammonium Acetate can be found in products with material based on: fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery) and rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys).


Ammonium Acetate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals and fertilisers.
Ammonium Acetate is used in the following areas: health services, scientific research and development, agriculture, forestry and fishing and building & construction work.


Ammonium Acetate is used for the manufacture of: food products and textile, leather or fur.
Release to the environment of Ammonium Acetate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Ammonium Acetate is used in the following products: perfumes and fragrances and cosmetics and personal care products.


Other release to the environment of Ammonium Acetate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use as processing aid, indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).


Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid.
Ammonium Acetate is often used with acetic acid to create a buffer solution.
Ammonium Acetate acts as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation.


Ammonium acetate is also used as a food additive as an acidity regulator.
Ammonium Acetate is widely used in perfumes, fragrances, cosmetics and personal care products.
Ammonium Acetate has use in healthcare, scientific research and development, agriculture, forestry, fisheries, construction and civil works, formulation of mixtures and/or repackaging.


Other releases of Ammonium Acetate into the environment are likely to occur from: indoor use as a processing aid, outdoor use as a processing aid, indoor use in long-life materials with a low release rate (eg flooring, furniture, toys, building materials, curtains, shoes, leather goods, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-lasting materials with a high emission rate (eg separation from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of interior paints).


Ammonium Acetate is used in the formulation and repackaging of laboratory chemicals, leather processing products, metal surface treatment products, non-metal surface treatment products, pH regulators and water treatment products, polymers.
Ammonium Acetate is widely used in the chemical analysis, in the pharmaceutical industry, the food sector in preserving foods, and in various other industries too.


Ammonium Acetate is also used as a buffer in topical personal care and cosmetic products in manufacturing skin lotions, shampoos, conditioners and more.
Ammonium Acetate is used as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation and as a source of ammonia in the Borch reaction in organic synthesis.
Ammonium Acetate is used as a protein precipitating reagent in dialysis to remove contaminants via diffusion.


Ammonium Acetate is used as a reagent in agricultural chemistry for determination of soil CEC (cation exchange capacity) and the determination of available potassium in soil wherein the ammonium ion acts as a replacement cation for potassium.
Ammonium acetate is also used as a food additive as an acidity regulator.


Ammonium Acetate is the main precursor to acetamide:
NH4CH3CO2 → CH3C(O)NH2 + H2O
Ammonium Acetate is also used as a diuretic.


There are large scale uses of Ammonium acetate.
Ammonium Acetate is used in the form of a food acidity regulator.
Ammonium Acetate is the food additive used for changing or controlling the alkalinity or acidity of foods.


Ammonium Acetate is also widely used in the form of a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation procedure.
Ammonium Acetate serves as one of the best sources of ammonia is the Borch reaction during organic synthesis.
Ammonium acetate is used in combination with wholly distilled water for making a kind of protein precipitating reagent.


Ammonium Acetate even serves in the form of a buffer for ESI or electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of molecules and proteins and the form of a mobile phase for HPLC or high-performance liquid chromatography.
Quite rarely though, ammonium acetate is even used in the form of a biodegradable de-icing agent.


Ammonium Acetate even works best when used as a diuretic.
Ammonium acetate tends to be unstable at low pressure, and this is why it is used for substituting cell buffers with different non-explosive salts in the preparation of mass spectrometry samples.


Ammonium Acetate is used in the manufacture of explosives.
Ammonium Acetate is used for making foam rubber.
Ammonium Acetate is used for preserving meat.


Ammonium Acetate is used for manufacturing vinyl plastics.
Ammonium Acetate is used in different agricultural products.
In analytical chemistry, Ammonium Acetate is used in the form of a reagent.


Ammonium Acetate is used as a reagent in different dialysis procedures for the elimination of contaminants through diffusion.
In agricultural chemistry, Ammonium Acetate, when used as a reagent, helps in determining soil CEC or cation exchange capacity along with the availability of potassium in the soil.


Ammonium Acetate is used as food acidity regulator.
Ammonium Acetate is used in agricultural products.
Ammonium Acetate is used as a reagent in dialysis processes to eliminate the contaminants.


Ammonium Acetate is used for preservation of food items.
Ammonium Acetate is used as a reagent in determining soil cation exchange capacity.
Ammonium Acetate is used in the making of foam rubber process.


Ammonium Acetate is used as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation procedure.
Ammonium Acetate is used to prepare buffer solutions.
Ammonium Acetate is used in manufacturing of vinyl plastics.


Ammonium Acetate can be used in the HPLC and MS analysis of peptides, oligosaccharides, and proteins.
Ammonium acetate is a salt that can be used as a buffer.
Ammonium acetate is commonly used as an additive for regulating the acidity of various foodstuffs and as a catalyst for Henry reactions.


Ammonium Acetate is also used in agriculture, where it functions as a fungicide and insecticide.
In biochemical research, ammonium acetate is used for precipitation of DNA and RNA.
Ammonium Acetate is especially useful for precipitating RNA from dilute solutions and has been shown to produce less detergent precipitation than sodium chloride salt.


Likewise, ammonium acetate can be used to facilitate precipitation in the extraction of proteins, particularly from tissues not naturally rich in them.
Ammonium Acetate is a chemical compound that contains a weak acid and weak base, so it can be used as a buffering agent along with Acetic acid.
One reaction in which ammonium acetate is commonly used in is Henry reactions.
Ammonium acetate is mainly used as a non-lethal attractant for the Mediterranean fruit fly.


However, Ammonium Acetate also has fungicidal and insecticidal properties.
Ammonium Acetate is non-volatile, highly soluble in water.
Ammonium Acetate is a reagent used in chromatographic analysis of various compounds, such as oligos, proteins, and peptides.



STRUCTURAL FORMULA OF AMMONIUM ACETATE:
As Ammonium Acetate salt is constituted of a weak acid and a weak base and is often used with acetic acid to create a buffer solution.
Ammonium acetate chemical component is volatile at low pressures because it has been used to replace cell buffers with non-volatile salts in preparing the chemical samples.
Ammonium acetate is an ammonium salt obtained by the reaction of ammonia with acetic acid.
Ammonium Acetate has a relatively low melting point (114°C) for a salt.
Ammonium Acetate acts as a food acidity regulator and buffer.



PRODUCTION OF AMMONIUM ACETATE:
Ammonium acetate is produced by the neutralization of acetic acid with ammonium carbonate or by saturating glacial acetic acid with ammonia.
Obtaining crystalline ammonium acetate is difficult on account of its hygroscopic nature.



AMMONIUM ACETATE PRODUCTION:
Two methods can be used for obtaining Azanium acetate, and they are:
Through the saturation of glacial acetic acid or CH3COOH with NH3 or ammonia.
Through the neutralization of acetic acid with (NH4)2CO3 or ammonium carbonate.
These are the two basic methods used for obtaining ammonium acetate, though some new methods have also surfaced in recent years.
Ammonium acetate functions in the form of an acetamide precursor. This results in a reaction that follows like this:
NH4CH3CO2 → CH3C (O) NH2 + H2O



UNDERSTANDING AMMONIUM ACETATE SOLUBILITY
Coming to ammonium acetate solubility, it is water-soluble.
The solubility of this acetous salt, Ammonium Acetate, in water corresponds to around 102 g/100 mL at zero degrees temperature.
The water solubility of Ammonium Acetate in water increases with an increase in temperature.
Take for instance; iAmmonium Acetate's solubility will reach 5330 grams per litre of water at a temperature of 80 °C.
It is worth noting that Ammonium Acetate even has liquid ammonia, acetone and alcohol solubility.
Ammonium Acetate is thinly soluble in methanol with the solubility corresponding to 7.89 g/100 mL at 15°C and 131.24 g/100 g at 94.2°C.
Other solubility specifications of Ammonium Acetate include:
Water solubility
148 g/100 mL at 4°C
143 g/100 mL at 20°C
533 g/100 mL at 80°C
Dimethylformamide solubility
0.1 g/100 g



AMMONIUM ACETATE PROPERTIES:
This deliquescent acetate salt comes with a low melting point of 114°C.
Ammonium Acetate density: 1.17 g/cm3
Molecular weight: 277.083 g/mol
Ammonium acetate viscosity: 21
Molecular formula: C2H7NO2
Monoisotopic mass: 77.047676 Da
Ammonium acetate structure: C2H7NO2



AMMONIUM ACETATE FORMULA
The chemical formula for ammonium acetate C2H7NO2.
Other names are the spirit of Mindererus, Ammonium ethanoate, Azanium acetate



STRUCTURE OF AMMONIUM ACETATE:
Ammonium acetate contains 2 Carbon atoms, 7 Hydrogen atoms, 1 Nitrogen atom, and 2 Oxygen atoms.
The chemical formula of Ammonium acetate is C2H7NO2.
In the acetic acid one Hydrogen atom was replaced by an ammonium ion.
The IUPAC name of Ammonium Acetate is Ammonium Ethanoate.



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AMMONIUM ACETATE:
Ammonium acetate is a crystalline white solid (deliquescent) with a slight acetous odor.
The density of Ammonium acetate is 1.17 g.cm3 at 20°C.
The Melting point of Ammonium acetate is 113°C (or) 235°F.

The solubility of Ammonium acetate in water is 102g/100ml at 0°C.
The Molar mass of Ammonium acetate is 77.083 g/mol.
Chemical properties of Ammonium Acetate

Ammonium acetate is a precursor of acetamide and it is used as a diuretic.
On further heating, the Acetamide will convert into Acetonitrile (Methyl Cyanide).
Commonly Ammonium acetate is used only in the preparation or synthesis of Acetamide.
NH4CH3CO2 ⇢ CH3C(O)NH2 + H2O



PREPARATION OF AMMONIUM ACETATE:
Ammonium acetate is prepared by reacting Glacial Acetic acid with Ammonia.
CH3COOH + NH3 ⇢ CH3COONH4
Ammonium acetate is prepared by neutralizing Acetic acid with Ammonium Carbonate.
2CH3COOH + [NH4]2CO3 ⇢ 2CH3COONH4 + H2CO3
H2CO3 ⇢ CO2 + H2O



BUFFER:
As the salt of a weak acid and a weak base, ammonium acetate is often used with acetic acid to create a buffer solution.
Ammonium acetate is volatile at low pressures.
Because of this, Ammonium Acetate has been used to replace cell buffers that contain non-volatile salts in preparing samples for mass spectrometry.
Ammonium Acetate is also popular as a buffer for mobile phases for HPLC with ELSD detection for this reason.
Other volatile salts that have been used for this include ammonium formate.

When dissolving ammonium acetate in pure water, the resulting solution typically has a pH of 7, because the equal amounts of acetate and ammonium neutralize each other.
However, ammonium acetate is a dual component buffer system, which buffers around pH 4.75 ± 1 (acetate) and pH 9.25 ± 1 (ammonium), but it has no significant buffer capacity at pH 7, contrary to common misconception.



HISTORY OF AMMONIUM ACETATE:
The synonym Spirit of Mindererus is named after R. Minderer, a physician from Augsburg.



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AMMONIUM ACETATE:
Ammonium Acetate is a hygroscopic white solid with a slightly acidic odor.
Furthermore, Ammonium Acetate's melting point is 113oC.
Also, Ammonium Acetate is highly soluble in water and its density in this liquid is 1.17 g/mL-1.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF AMMONIUM ACETATE
Ammonium Acetate is a slat of a weak acid (acetic acid) and a weak base (ammonia).
We use Ammonium Acetate with acetic acid to prepare a buffer solution to regulate its pH.
Nevertheless, Ammonium Acetate's use as a buffering agent is not very extensive because ammonium acetate can be volatile in low pressures.



FORMULA OF AMMONIUM ACETATE:
Ammonium Acetate is a salt that has interesting chemical properties and due to this reason, the pharmaceutical industry uses it as an intermediary and raw material in various processes.
Ammonium Acetate is a salt that forms from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.
Also, Ammonium Acetate is useful for applications that require buffer solutions.
The Henry reactions are the most common reactions that use ammonium acetate.
In an aqueous solution, Ammonium Acetate is a chemical compound that we know by the name spirit of Mindererus or ammonium acetate, which is a white, hygroscopic solid we can derive from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.



AMMONIUM ACETATE FORMULA AND STRUCTURE:
Ammonium Acetate's chemical formula is NH4CH2CO2 or CH2COONH4.
The molecular formula of ammonium acetate is C2H7NO2and its molar mass is 77.08 g/mol-1.
Also, Ammonium Acetate is a slat of acetate ion COO-1(from acetic acid dissociation in water) and ammonium ion NH4+(from ammonia dissociation in water).

Ammonium acetate is volatile at low pressure because it has been used to replace cell buffers with non-volatile salts that help in the preparation of chemical samples.
Ammonium Acetate's common representation of organic molecule’s chemical structure can be written as below:



AMMONIUM ACETATE OCCURRENCE:
In nature, ammonium acetate is not present in a free compound state.
But, ammonium and acetate ions are present in many biochemical processes.



PREPARATION OF AMMONIUM ACETATE:
Just like other acetates, we can also synthesize ammonium acetate in a similar way to other acetates that is through neutralization of acetic acid.
Furthermore, this synthesis uses acetic acid that we neutralize by adding ammonium carbonate.
Besides, in the chemical industries, this method uses glacial acetic acid that is saturated with ammonia:

2CH3COOH + (NH4)2CO3→ 2CH3COONH4+ H2CO3
H2CO3→ CO2+ H2O
CH3COOH + NH3→ CH3COONH4



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMMONIUM ACETATE:
CAS Number: 631-61-8
Molecular Weight: 77.08
EC Number: 211-162-9
Chemical formula: NH4CH3CO2
Molecular weight: 77.083 g/mol
Density: 1.17 g/cm3 (20 °C), 1.073 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting Point: 114°C
Color: White
pH: 7.0
Physical Form: Solid
Assay Percent Range: ≥97 %
Linear Formula: CH3COONH4
Merck Index: 15, 492
Formula Weight: 77.08
Percent Purity: ≥97%
Chemical Name or Material: Ammonium Acetate
Melting point: 113 °C (235 °F; 386 K)

Chemical formula: C2H7NO2
Molar mass: 77.083 g·mol−1
Appearance: White solid crystals, deliquescent
Odor: Slightly acetic acid like
Density: 1.17 g/cm3 (20 °C), 1.073 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point: 113 °C (235 °F; 386 K)
Solubility in water: 102 g/100 mL (0 °C)
148 g/100 mL (4 °C)
143 g/100 mL (20 °C)
533 g/100 mL (80 °C)
Solubility: Soluble in alcohol, SO2, acetone, liquid ammonia
Solubility in methanol: 7.89 g/100 mL (15 °C), 131.24 g/100 g (94.2 °C)
Solubility in dimethylformamide: 0.1 g/100 g
Acidity (pKa): 9.9
Basicity (pKb): 33

Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -41.1·10−6 cm3/mol
Viscosity: 21
Structure: Crystal structure: Orthorhombic
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −615 kJ/mol
Molecular Weight: 77.08
Molecular Formula: C2H7NO2
Boiling Point: 117.1ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point: 110-112ºC
Flash Point: 136ºC
Purity: min 96.50 %
Density: 1.07
Appearance: White adhering crystals
Storage: 2-8ºC
Hazard Codes: T
HS Code: 2915299090
Log P: 0.41480
PSA: 4.54

RIDADR: UN 9079
RTECS: AF3675000
Safety Statements: S24/25
Stability: Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions.
Deliquescent; tends to lose ammonia.
Appearance: White crystalline hygroscopic powder
Assay: ≥ 97.0 %
Chloride (Cl): ≤ 0.0005 %
Heavy Metals (as Pb): ≤ 0.0005 %
Insoluble Matter: ≤ 0.005 %
Iron (Fe): ≤ 0.0005 %
Nitrate: ≤ 0.001 %
pH, 5% solution in H2O @25 ºC: 6.7 - 7.3
Residue after Ignition: ≤ 0.01 %
Sulfate: ≤ 0.001 %

Physical state: solid
Color: white
Odor: weakly of acetic acid
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 110 - 112 °C - dec.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: Decomposes below the boiling point.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or
explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water
log Pow: -2,79 - (Lit.), Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Vapor pressure: < 0,001 hPa
Density: 1,17 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available

CAS number: 631-61-8
EC number: 211-162-9
Grade: ACS,Reag. Ph Eur
Hill Formula: C₂H₇NO₂
Chemical formula: CH₃COONH₄
Molar Mass: 77.08 g/mol
HS Code: 2915 29 00
Density: 1.17 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting Point: 114 °C
pH value: 6.7 - 7.3 (50 g/l, H₂O, 25 °C)
Vapor pressure: Bulk density: 410 kg/m3
Solubility: 1480 g/l



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMMONIUM ACETATE:
-Description of first-aid measures
*If inhaled
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMMONIUM ACETATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMMONIUM ACETATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMMONIUM ACETATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMMONIUM ACETATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Hygroscopic.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMMONIUM ACETATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .



AMMONIUM BICARBONATE
CAS No: 1066.33.7
Formula: CH5NO3 / NH4HCO3
Molecular mass: 79.1



APPLICATIONS


Ammonium bicarbonate is commonly used as an inexpensive Ammonium bicarbonaterogen fertilizer in China, but is now being phased out in favor of urea for quality and stabil Ammonium bicarbonatey.
Ammonium bicarbonate is used as a component in the production of fire, extinguishing compounds, pharmaceuticals, dyes, pigments,and Ammonium bicarbonate is also a basic fertilizer, being a source of ammonia.
Ammonium bicarbonate is still widely used in the plastics and rubber industry, in the manufacture of ceramics, in chromeleather tanning, and for the synthesis of catalysts.

Ammonium bicarbonate is also used for buffering solutions to make them slightly alkaline during chemical purification, suchas high.performance liquid chromatography.
Because Ammonium bicarbonate entirely decomposes to volatile compounds, this allows rapid recovery of the compound of interest by freeze drying.
Ammonium bicarbonate is also a key component of the expectorant cough syrup "Senega and Ammonia".

Ammonium bicarbonate is listed in Old World baking recipes.
Especially, in Scandinavian gingerbread, Polish ammonia cookies and tranditional German Spekulatius Christmas cookies.
Ammonium bicarbonate is an inorganic salt commonly used in the food industry.

Ammonium bicarbonate can be generated by the interaction of gaseous carbon dioxide and aqueous ammonia.
The add Ammonium bicarbonateion of ammonium bicarbonate to microbial fuel cells (MFCs) has been reported to improve Ammonium bicarbonate's functioning by altering the porosity and pore distribution of catalyst layers.
A recent study reports the use of bubble column evaporator (BCE) based analysis of Ammonium bicarbonates thermal degradation in aqueous solution.


Some applications of Ammonium bicarbonate:

Food Industry
Fertilizer
Pharmaceuticals
Plastic and Rubber
Ceramics
Other Industries


Ammonium bicarbonate is used in, for example, Swedish "drömmar" biscuites and Danish "brunkager" Christmas biscuites, and GermanLebkuchen.
In many cases Ammonium bicarbonate may be replaced with baking soda or baking powder, or a combination of both,depending on the recipe compos Ammonium bicarbonateion and leavening requirements.

Compared to baking soda or potash, hartshorn has the advantage of producing more gas for the same amount of agent, and of not leaving any salty or soapy taste in the finished product, as Ammonium bicarbonate completely decomposes into waterand gaseous products that evaporate during baking.
Ammonium bicarbonate cannot be used for moist, bulky baked goods however, such as normal bread or cakes, since some ammonia will be trapped inside and will cause an unpleasant taste.
Ammonium bicarbonate has been assigned E number E503 for use as a food additive in the European Union

Moreover, Ammonium bicarbonate can be used as medicine and reagents: Alkali; leavening agent; buffer; aerating agent.
Ammonium bicarbonates combination with sodium bicarbonate can be used as the raw materials of leavening agent such as bread, biscuites and pancakes.

Baking powder also takes Ammonium bicarbonate as the main ingredient, together with the acidic substances.
Ammonium bicarbonate can also be used as raw material of foam powder juice.

The dosage of the blanching of green vegetables and bamboo shoots should be 0.1% to 0.3%.
Ammonium bicarbonate can be used as analytical reagent; used for ammonium salt synthesis: Pharmaceuticals; baking powder; dyeing.

Ammonium bicarbonate can be used for fabric degreasing.
Ammonium bicarbonate can also be used as foamed plastics.

Ammonium bicarbonate can be used for buffer applications such as lyophilization and matrix assisted laser desorption.
Ammonium Bicarbonate is a dough strengthener, a leavening agent, a ph control agent, and a texturizer. prepared by reacting gaseous carbon dioxide with aqueous ammonia.

Crystals of ammonium bicarbonate are precipitated from solution and subsequently washed and dried.
Also known as hartshorn and rock ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate is soluble in water but decomposes when heated.
Ammonium bicarbonate was used in place of ammonia.

Ammonium bicarbonate is used in the food industry as a leavening agent for flat baked goods, such as cookies and crackers.
Ammonium bicarbonate was commonly used in the home before modern day baking powder was made available.

Many baking cookbooks, especially from Scandinavian countries, may still refer to Ammonium bicarbonate as hartshorn or hornsalt, while Ammonium bicarbonate is known as "hirvensarvisuola" in Finnish, "hjortetakksalt" in Norwegian,"hjortetakssalt" in Danish, "hjorthornssalt" in Swedish, and "Hirschhornsalz" in German.
Although there is a slight smell of ammonia during baking, this quickly dissipates, leaving no taste.

However, Ammonium bicarbonate contains low nitrogen content and is also easy to caking.

Ammonium bicarbonate can be used as analytical reagent as well as being used in synthesizing ammonium salt and fabric degreasing.
Ammonium bicarbonate can promote crop growth and photosynthesis; trigger seedlings and the growth of leaves.
Ammonium bicarbonate can be used as top dressing as well as being directly applied as ground fertilizer as food leavening agent and bulking agent.

Ammonium bicarbonate can be used as a senior food fermentation agent.
Ammonium bicarbonates combination with sodium bicarbonate can be used as the raw materials of leavening agent such as bread, biscuites and pancakes.
Ammonium bicarbonate can also be used as raw material of foam powder juice, as well as being used for the blanching of green vegetables and bamboo shoots.

The powdered baking ammonia cannot be used for bulky baked foods; however, Ammonium bicarbonates applications are not only bounded to the food industry.
Ammonium bicarbonates use can found in the agricultural, pharmaceutical, textile, and ceramic industries, among others.
Ammonium bicarbonate has bestowed the new entrants and emerging players with lucrative opportunities and untapped new avenues for them.

Advantages of using Ammonium bicarbonate in baked goods include:

The absence of alkaline taste residue often encountered with sodium bicarbonate
Ammonium bicarbonate doesn’t affect the pH of the baked goods.
In high moisture baked goods (in excess of 5%), ammonium bicarbonate may lead to the development of ammoniacal flavor.

This is why Ammonium bicarbonate’s most suited for low moisture products such as biscuites, crackers, cookies, and waffle cones.
Typically, Ammonium bicarbonate is mixed in with the liquid ingredients to ensure Ammonium bicarbonates dissolution prior to incorporating into the dry mix.
In some formulas, Ammonium bicarbonate is used in combination with 30.50% baking soda.


Ammonium bicarbonate is a common leavening agent used in the baking industry and has been reported to be used in Guangdong-style steamed breads.
Ammonium bicarbonate releases carbon dioxide and ammonia gas when the dough temperature reaches 40°C.
If Ammonium bicarbonate is used at the correct addition rate, Ammonium bicarbonate significantly improves steamed bread color and volume.

In addition, Ammonium bicarbonate can function as a buffering agent.
Overuse of ammonium bicarbonate can result in ammoniacal taints in the final steamed bread.
Ammonium bicarbonate is more commonly used in low moisture products such as English-style biscuites.

Ammonium bicarbonate is produced by combining carbon dioxide and ammonia:
CO2 + NH3 + H2O → (NH4)HCO3

Since ammonium bicarbonate is thermally unstable, the reaction solution is kept cold, which allows the precipitation of the product as white solid.
About 100,000 tons of Ammonium bicarbonate were produced in this way in 1997.

Ammonia gas passed into a strong aqueous solution of the sesquicarbonate (a 2:1:1 mixture of (NH4)HCO3, (NH4)2CO3, andH2O) converts Ammonium bicarbonate into normal ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3), which can be obtained in the crystalline condition from a solution prepared at about 30 °C.
This compound on exposure to air gives off ammonia and reverts to ammonium bicarbonate.


Ammonium bicarbonate (Ammonium bicarbonate) was used in the following studies:

To derivatize histone proteins from human monocyte derived macrophages (MDM) by propionylation.
Destaining of silver-stained proteins in polyacrylamide gel bands during the peptide mass profiling using a mass spectrometer.
Digestion of proteins isolated from Xenopus egg extracts in coomassie blue-stained gel bands during the analysis of microtubule binding proteins.


Ammonium bicarbonate is one of nitrogen fertilizer industrial products, being the major varieties of small nitrogenous fertilizer plants in China, being one of the purification products of coke oven in the coking plant.
Coking plant takes concentrated ammonia as raw materials for reaction with carbon dioxide to generate ammonium bicarbonate crystals with centrifugal filtering to obtain ammonium bicarbonate products.
Ammonium bicarbonate is easy to be subject to decomposition.

Ammonium bicarbonate is appropriate to be packed with the combination of inner plastic film and external plastic bag or 3-layers of kraft paper sacks, both need to be sealed and stored in a warehouse of being cool, low-temperature, dry and ventilated to prevent moisture, rain and sun.
Ammonium bicarbonate is used as nitrogen fertilizer, being applicable to a variety of soils, can simultaneously provide the ammonium nitrogen and carbon dioxide demanded by crop growth.


Uses of Ammonium bicarbonate:

Pharma
Lubricants
Water Treatment
Cleaning
Animal NutrAmmonium bicarbonateion
Coatings & Construction
Food and NutrAmmonium bicarbonateion
Agriculture
Cosmetics
Polymers


Ammonium bicarbonate is used in the food industry as a food additive.
Ammonium bicarbonate is used in fire extinguishers.
Ammonium bicarbonate is used in the manufacturing of dyes.

Ammonium bicarbonate is used as a fertilizer.
Ammonium bicarbonate is used to produce ammonium salt.
Ammonium bicarbonate is used in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical products.

Ammonium bicarbonate is used in the making of paints.
Ammonium bicarbonate is used in the manufacturing of ceramics.

Ammonium bicarbonate is used in leather tanning.
Ammonium bicarbonate is used in cooling baths.


Production of Ammonium bicarbonate:

Ammonium hydrogen carbonate is obtained by combining carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3):
Ammonium bicarbonateh the substance known as baking powder or baking soda.
However, the use of actual Ammonium Bicarbonate substance is still preferred by some who want a lighter or crispier texture than can be achieved by using baking powder or soda.

Ammonium bicarbonate can be used as basic fertilizer for topdressing, but not suitable to be used as seed manure.
When being used for topdressing, we should prevent the drop of ammonium bicarbonate onto the plant, to avoid ammonia hazards.
The shortcoming of ammonium bicarbonate as a fertilizer lies in Ammonium bicarbonates chemical instability.

After the addition of crystalline modifier, the crystal of ammonium bicarbonate is enlarged and the water content is reduced, reducing the phenomenon of easily subjecting to decomposition and agglomeration.
Ammonium bicarbonate is an inorganic chemical compound which is usually used as a raising or leavening agent in the food industry.
Ammonium bicarbonate is utilized as a source of carbon in low-moisture baked foods.

Ammonium bicarbonate is generally produced by coursing the carbon dioxide through a stream of aqua ammonia.
The result of the reaction is unstable and thus Ammonium bicarbonate is kept in a cold atmosphere.


Common applications of Ammonium Bicarbonate:

Cookies
Crackers
Pastas
Frozen dairy products
Bakery ingredients
Pigments and paints
Agriculture
Fire extinguishers

A leavening agent is a substance that releases gas in baked goods to impart a light texture.
A white powder made for use as a leavening agent which is added as an ingredient when preparing many different types of baked goods that will have thin shells or crusts such as puff pasteries, flat breads, crackers, and some cookies.
Ammonium Biocarbonate is typically used with smaller baked goods that can quickly disperse and evaporate the ammonia gas as Ammonium bicarbonate builds up within the baked Ammonium bicarbonateem.

During the baking process, an ammonia aroma may be present, but Ammonium bicarbonate will not remain and will not benoticed in the baked goods when they are eaten.
The result of using Ammonium Bicarbonate is a baked good that will have an light, airy, crispy, and somewhat fluffy texture.
The term Ammonium Bicarbonate is actually an old term that is now more commonly referred to and replaced in recipes.

Ammonium bicarbonate, NH4HCO3, is a common leavening agent which releases CO2 without the need for an acid.
Unlike baking powder or soda, Ammonium bicarbonate does not leave an alkaline taste, characteristic of soda or baking powder.

This ingredient is not used in high volume cakes, but mostly in:
Extra crisp cookies
Cream.puff pastries
Crackers


Advantages of Ammonium Carbonate in Baking:

Ammonium carbonate lends a distinctive crispness and lightness to the baked good, which why Ammonium bicarbonate is still listed in certain recipes, despite the overwhelming use of baking powder and baking soda in modern baked goods.
You can substitute baking powder for ammonium carbonate in a pinch, but the final baked product may not have the same texture.
The designs on molded cookies are also said to keep their shape much better when ammonium carbonate is used.

Usually, ammonium carbonate is mixed in with the liquid before adding to the dry ingredients, so that Ammonium bicarbonate dissolves well and mixes thoroughly.
Ammonium bicarbonate must be stored dry, in a well.sealed container, because Ammonium bicarbonate absorbs moisture easily and clumps.
To tell if Ammonium bicarbonate is still active, place a small amount in hot water.

If Ammonium bicarbonate bubbles vigorously, you can use Ammonium bicarbonate in your recipes.
Ammonium carbonate is used for leavening in cookies, flat biscuites, or crackers.
In German baking, Ammonium bicarbonate's known as hirschhornsalz or hartshorn, and Ammonium bicarbonate is also called baker's ammonia.

Ammonium bicarbonate is not used for cakes since the gaseous ammonia given off during baking cannot escape the thicker, higher batters and would make the baked goods smell bad.
Ammonium bicarbonate leaves no salty or soapy taste residue as baking powder sometimes does since Ammoniumbi carbonate completely decomposes into ammonia and carbon dioxide.

Ammonium bicarbonate (NH₄HCO₃) has been shown to contribute, promote, and speed up acrylamide formation in baked products.
A proposed mechanism is that NH₄HCO₃ fragments sugars, forming the highly reactive glyoxal and methylglyoxal species, which can react with asparagine, thereby increasing acrylamide levels.
Ammonium bicarbonate (ABC) is an important raising agent for the biscuit and cracker industry and bakers also useAmmonium bicarbonate in some strongly flavored products like gingerbread.

Ammonium bicarbonate decomposes on heating at 60°C in a temperature-driven reaction releasing carbon dioxide, ammonia, and water vapor.
Ammonium bicarbonate offers major technical benefits, as Ammonium bicarbonate is used for rapid, early expansion in the oven.
Since Ammonium bicarbonate does not start acting before the oven, Ammonium bicarbonate means that products do not gas when the dough ismixing or standing which can be important during plant breakdowns.

Biscuit makers also value the consistent stack height Ammonium bicarbonate gives, and Ammonium bicarbonate leaves no residue and no adverse flavors in low moisture products.
Another complexity revolves around the fact that the level added to a recipe may change daily because of normal raw material variations.

In this situation using Ammonium bicarbonate allows the adaptation of only one, standalone, ingredient, whereas other raising agents—that require acids for their action—would be more complicated to adapt.
Unfortunately, the tendency to promote acrylamide formation is now a major drawback of using ABC.

Uses of Ammonium bicarbonate:

Ammonium bicarbonate is used as a baking powder, in some food processing applications, in cough syrups and as antacid.
Ammonium bicarbonate also has uses as a fertilizer, pH buffer, and reagent in chemical laboratories.
In the industry, Ammonium bicarbonate is used in the manufacture of dyes, pharmaceuticals, catalysts, ceramics,fire retardants, plastics and other products.

Health effects/safety hazards:

In low concentrations, Ammonium bicarbonate is not considered hazardous.
Ammonium bicarbonates main health hazard is Ammonium bicarbonates decomposition reaction giving pungent ammonia gas, which is a serious irritant.
Inhalation of ammonium bicarbonate can irritate the eyes, skin, nose and entire respiratory system, and cause severe coughing and difficulty in breathing.

Ammonium bicarbonate is a uniform high purity leavening agent, produced by a chemical reaction of ammonia, carbondioxide and water.
Ammonium bicarbonate has a very strong scent and because of this is used primarily used to leaven only low.moisture baked goods like crisp cookies and crackers that thoroughly dry out during baking.

Ammonium bicarbonate is not used to make cakes because the ammonia gas cannot evaporate when baking cake or other large Ammonium bicarbonateems.
When using ammonium bicarbonate instead of baking soda to bake crisp cookies, the ammonium bicarbonate produces a lighter, crunchy texture.



DESCRIPTION


Ammonium bicarbonate is a white crystalline solid having the odor of ammonia.
Ammonium bicarbonate is soluble in water.

Ammonium Bicarbonate appears as a white crystal or crystalline powder.
Ammonium bicarbonate volatilizes rapidly at 60 °C, dissociating into ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water, but Ammoniumbi carbonate is quite stable at room temperature.

One gram dissolves in about 6 ml of water.
Ammonium bicarbonate is insoluble in alcohol.

The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.
Immediate steps should be taken to limit spread to the environment.
Ammonium bicarbonate is used to make other ammonium compounds, in food processing, and for other uses.

Some properties of Ammonium bicarbonate:

Colorless or white crystals
Faint odor of ammonia
Melting point: 95 °F (35 °C)
Freely soluble in water.
Insoluble in ethanol
Decomposes above 34 °C with formation of ammonia gas


When heated Ammonium bicarbonate releases ammonia and carbon dioxide gases, but no water.
The lack of water allows the cookies to cook and dry out faster.
Ammonium bicarbonate may also be used as a substitute to remove the alkaline-like flavor that at times occurs in some baked goods when baking powder or baking soda is added.
Many older European and Scandinavian recipes may use the term Baker's Ammonia instead of Ammonium Biocarbonate when referring to this substance.

Ammonium bicarbonate is also often referred to as Hartshorn or Harts Horn which is a substance that is removed from deerantlers.
Ammonium bicarbonate is important to understand that Ammonia and leaving agents such as Baker's Ammonia, baking powder or baking soda are not the same as household ammonia which is a poisonous substance and should not be used with foods or baked goods.
Ammonium bicarbonate is activated when Ammonium bicarbonate is added to a dough or batter mixture and warms to room temperature or is baked, since heat is the catlyst to activate the chemical reaction and the gases.

The chemical reaction releases an ammonia gas that causes the baked goods to rise.
Ammonium Biocarbonate should be stored in an air tight sealed container such as a glass jar with an airtight lid.
An inorganic compound, Ammonium bicarbonate is used in the food industry as a raising agent for flat baked goods, such as cookies and crackers.

Ammonium bicarbonate also has uses as a fertiliser, pH buffer, and reagent in chemical laboratories.
Some other uses of Ammonium bicarbonate in the industry are for the manufacture of dyes, pharmaceuticals, catalysts, ceramics, fire retardants, plastics and other products.

Ammonium bicarbonate appears as white monoclinic or orthorhombic crystals.
Ammonium bicarbonate is soluble in water, but insoluble in ethanol, carbon disulfide and concentrated ammonia.

Ammonium bicarbonate dissolves in water to give a mildly alkaline solution.
Ammonium bicarbonate is insoluble in most organic solvents.

Ammonium bicarbonate is mainly used as fertilizers.
After being applied to the soil, the ammonium ion (NH4 +) contained in ammonium bicarbonate can be absorbed by soilcolloid or lattice fixed or transformed into nitrate nitrogen.
After being absorbed by plants, there are no accessory constituents remaining in the soil with a small impact on the soil pH.

Ammonium bicarbonate is applicable to all kinds of soil and crops, soil without leaving any harmful substance residue for the soil and crops.
Ammonium bicarbonate is quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer and can be subject to long term usage.
In order to prevent the loss of fertilizer efficacy due to ammonia volatilization and the burning of the crop stems and leaves, we can apply deep placement and cover soil.

Ammonium bicarbonate is an inorganic compound with bicarbonate formula (NH4)HCO3, simplified to NH5CO3.
Ammonium bicarbonate has many names, reflecting Ammonium bicarbonate's long history.

Chemically speaking, Ammonium bicarbonate is the bicarbonate salt of the ammonium ion.
Ammonium bicarbonate is a colourless solid that degrades readily to carbon dioxide, water and ammonia.

Ammonium bicarbonate used as Raising agent for cookies and flatbreads
Ammonium bicarbonate is used as a leavening / raising agent in the food industry.
Ammonium bicarbonate contains ammonium bicarbonate with the addition of magnesium carbonate as an anti-caking agent.

Ammonium bicarbonate is a white powder that is readily soluble in water.
Ammonium bicarbonate is used as a nutritional supplement in the animal feed industry.
Ammonium bicarbonate is a white powder that is readily soluble in water.


Ammonium bicarbonate will decompose during baking and release ammonia and carbon dioxide leavening gases without reacting with a leavening acid.
Unlike sodium bicarbonate, which leaves a residue of alkaline sodium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate leaves no residue when Ammonium bicarbonate decomposes by heat.
Ammonium bicarbonate, therefore, has no effect on the pH of the baked product.

If there is more than about 5% moisture in the baked product, however, the ammonia gas will dissolve in this water and impart an ammoniacal flavor to the product.
For this reason, ammonium bicarbonate is used only in low moisture products such as crackers.
Ammonium Bicarbonate (or baking ammonia or hartshorn salt) is used as a leavening agent in baking of cookies and other edible treats.

Ammonium bicarbonate, a natural chemical, has a faint ammonia smell because Ammonium bicarbonate slowly decomposes to ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water.
As a pesticide active ingredient, Ammonium bicarbonate acts as a feeding attractant for insects.

In Ammonium bicarbonates first approved end use products, ammonium bicarbonate is combined with two other active ingredients to control olive flies in olive orchards.
When used according to label directions on products, Ammonium bicarbonate is not expected to harm people or the environment.

Ammonium bicarbonate gives an explosive and fast leavening for baked goods that are baked for a short time.
Ammonium bicarbonate is specially suitable for thin, dry cookies.

Ammonium Bicarbonate is a widely used ingredient in bakery industry because of Ammonium bicarbonates leavening and stabilizing properties and acid regulating capacity.



PROPERTIES


Molecular Weight: 79.056
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 79.026943022
Monoisotopic Mass: 79.026943022
Topological Polar Surface Area: 61.4 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 5
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 24.8
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Boiling Point: N/A
Specific gravity: N/A
Appearance / Odor: white crystalline powder
Melting Point: 41.9 °C (107.4 °F)
pH: 8.2 at 1 percent solution
Molecular Weight: 79.05
Formula: CH5NO3 / NH4HCO3
Molecular mass: 79.1
Decomposes at 35.60°C
Density: 1.58 g/cm³
Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20°C: 17.4 (good)



SAFETY


Ammonium bicarbonate is an irritant to the skin, eyes and respiratory system.
Short-term health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposure to ammonium bicarbonate.
Breathing ammonium bicarbonate can irritate the nose, throat and lungs causing coughing, wheezing and/or shortness of breath.

Repeated exposure may cause bronchitis to develop with cough, and/or shortness of breath. Health effects can occur some time after exposure to ammonium bicarbonate and can last for months or years.

Where possible, operations should be enclosed and the use of local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical release is recommended.
If local exhaust ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators are necessary.
Wear protective work clothing and change clothes and wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to ammonium bicarbonate.

Ammonium bicarbonate from China used to make cookies was found to be contaminated with melamine, and imports were banned in Malaysia following the 2008 Chinese milk scandal.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


When properly stored in a cool dry area, Ammonium Bicarbonate can last for several years.
If stored in a warm or damp area where air can reach the powder, this substance begins to clump together as the particles got hrough a chemical reaction, which will affect the flavor adversely when baked goods use the air exposed Bicarbonate.
In addition, when exposed to air, the Ammonia may begin to evaporate from the powdered Bicarbonate substance.

When a recipe suggests the use of Ammonium Bicarbonate, equal amounts of baking powder can be substituted if necessary.
To determine if Bicarbonate is still active, add a spoonful of the powder to a cup containing lemon juice or vinegar and see if Ammonium bicarbonate fizzes.

Stale Ammonium bicarbonate will be flat and will not fizz when combined with the vinegar or lemon juice.
If you don't store Ammonium bicarbonate in an airtight jar Ammonium bicarbonate will evaporate.



SYNONYMS


AMMONIUM BICARBONATE
1066-33-7
Ammonium hydrogencarbonate
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate
Monoammonium carbonate
Carbonic acid, monoammonium salt
Ammonium bicarbonate (1:1)
azanium;hydrogen carbonate
Carbonic acid, ammonium salt (1:1)
ammoniumcarbonate
MFCD00012138
45JP4345C9
carbonic acid monoammonium salt
Acid ammonium carbonate
Ammonium acid carbonate
Ammonium hydrogencarbonat
CCRIS 7327
HSDB 491
10361-29-2
EINECS 213-911-5
UNII-45JP4345C9
EC 213-911-5
INS NO.503(II)
DTXSID5035618
INS-503(II)
AMMONIUM BICARBONATE [MI]
CHEBI:184335
AMMONIUM BICARBONATE [FCC]
AMMONIUM BICARBONATE [HSDB]
AMMONIUM BICARBONATE [INCI]
AMMONIUM BICARBONATE [MART.]
E 503(II)
E-503(II)
AMMONIUM BICARBONATE [WHO-DD]
AKOS016008582
FT-0622308
AMMONIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE [EP MONOGRAPH]
J-610004
AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE
Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) IUPAC Name azanium;fluoride;hydrofluoride Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) InChI InChI=1S/2FH.H3N/h2*1H;1H3 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) InChI Key KVBCYCWRDBDGBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Canonical SMILES [NH4+].F.[F-] Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Molecular Formula F2H5N Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) CAS 1341-49-7 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Related CAS 12125-01-8 (Parent) Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Deprecated CAS 120144-37-8, 127026-25-9 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) European Community (EC) Number 215-676-4 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) UN Number 1727 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) UNII C2M215358O Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) DSSTox Substance ID DTXSID9029645 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Physical Description DryPowder; OtherSolid; OtherSolid, Liquid; PelletsLargeCrystals Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Color/Form Rhombic or tetragonal crystals Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Odor Odorless Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Boiling Point 240 °C Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Melting Point 125.6 °C Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Solubility Solubility in 90% ethanol = 1.73X10+5 mg/L Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Density 1.50 g/cu cm Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Corrosivity Will etch glass Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Heat of Vaporization 65.3 kJ/mol Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) pH 3.5 (5% solution) Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Refractive Index Index of refraction = 1.390 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Molecular Weight 57.044 g/mol Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 2 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 2 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Rotatable Bond Count 0 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Exact Mass 57.039005 g/mol Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Monoisotopic Mass 57.039005 g/mol Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Topological Polar Surface Area 1 Ų Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Heavy Atom Count 3 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Formal Charge 0 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Complexity 0 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Isotope Atom Count 0 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 3 Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) Compound Is Canonicalized Yes Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) is the inorganic compound with the formula NH4HF2 or NH4F·HF. It is produced from ammonia and hydrogen fluoride. This colourless salt is a glass-etchant and an intermediate in a once-contemplated route to hydrofluoric acid.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür), as its name indicates, contains an ammonium cation (NH4+) and a bifluoride, or hydrogen(difluoride), anion (HF2−). The centrosymmetric triatomic bifluoride anion features the strongest known hydrogen bond, with a F−H length of 114 pm. and a bond energy greater than 155 kJ mol−1.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) is also used as an additive in tin-nickel plating processes as the fluoride ion acts as a complexing agent with the tin, allowing for greater control over the resulting composition and finish.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) is toxic to consume and a skin corrosion agent. Upon exposure to skin, rinsing with water followed by a treatment of calcium gluconate is required. Poison control should be contacted.Anhydrous Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) containing 0.1 5 H2O and 93% NH4HF2 can be made by dehydrating ammonia fluoride solutions and by thermally decomposing the dry crystals. Commercial Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür), which usually contains 1% NH4F, is made by gas phase reactions of one mole of anhydrous ammonia with two moles of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride; the melt that forms is flaked on a cooled drum.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) soln should be thoroughly washed from the skin with mildly alkaline soap as soon as possible.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.Ammonium hydrogen fluoride* (NH4HF2) is used for aluminium anodization, metal surface treatment, manufacture of wood preservatives, glass processing, building protection, mineral oil/ natural gas drilling, cleaning of industrial plants and in the electronic industry. Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) is used in the the following applications: Glass processing: for matt etching Metal surface treatment: as essential component of bright digo baths for etching and cleaning of non-ferrous metal pieces Mineral oil / natural gas drilling: as aid for drilling through silicate rocks Cleaning of industrial plants: as component in cleaning and disinfecting solutions, e.g. in power stations Building protection: as component in cleaning agents *Goods labelled as “dual use” are subject to special controls and export restrictions in most countries. Before exporting such goods the exporter must apply for an appropriate export licence from the competent authority. For deliveries within the EU, for example, the seller must include an appropriate note in the commercial papers in accordance with article 22, paragraph 10, of the dual use regulation.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) is a reagent widely used in organic synthesis; however, the systematic collection and classification have not been covered until now.In this review, we aim to systematically summarize the application of Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) in organic synthesis.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür), Flake is an inorganic compound that is a colorless salt that is used as a glass etchtant. It is produced from ammonia and hydrogen fluoride.The aim of the study was to discuss clinical effects, treatment options and outcomes of pediatric Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) (ABF) poisoning.Dissolution of geological reference materials by fusion with Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür), NH{sub 4}HF{sub 2} or ABF, was evaluated for its potential use in post-detonation nuclear forensics. The fluorinating agent Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) (ABF) is a potential field deployable substitute for HF.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) (ABF, NH4F·HF) is a well-known reagent for converting metal oxides to fluorides and for its applications in breaking down minerals and ores in order to extract useful components.The process involves the use of a hitherto unknown solid‐state chemical reaction between Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) and specific anhydrous and hydrated metal fluoride salts.It was observed that these complexes decompose with the evolution of HF above temperatures at which Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) decomposes and where its supply may be exhausted.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) (ABF) is one of the most common, and dangerous, wheel cleaners used in automatic carwashes today.Hydrogen fluoride and Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür). Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) are created for industrial use only.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) solution is the white crystalline solid dissolved in water. It is corrosive to metals and tissue. It is used in ceramics.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) is a white, solid that consists of crystals or flakes with a pungent odor. Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) can cause severe necrosis to tissue, with symptoms such as redness, itching, burns and scarring. Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) can cause a unique, large, pustular skin rash, which is apparently not an irritant or allergic dermatitis.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) may be systematically absorbed in lethal amounts through intact skin. Effects may be delayed and not felt for hours.All contact with Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) must be avoided during clean-up.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) is a respiratory tract irritant, and inhalation may cause nose irritation,sore throat, coughing, and chest tightness and possibly, ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) can be absorbed through intact skin in lethal amounts.Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) and hydrofluoric acid are potent toxins with severe local and systemic toxicity due to high permeability coefficient and binding of divalent cations with disruption of the Na-K-ATPase pump.The first SDS stated the product was a proprietary formula with Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür)s and 1-2% hydrofluoric acid. A more specific SDS was located and which showed 21-27% Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) and a small amount of barium sulfate in the product. This corresponds to 17-23 g of Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) in a 3 ounce ingestion.Results are given for elevated temperature tests of the effects of Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) on corrosion rates of 5 and 10% solutions of inhibited citric, sulfamic, hydrochloric, and phosphoric acid scale solvents. Mild steel coupons were evaluated for weight loss after 12 hr exposures. The rate of attack for citric and sulfamic acid systems on steel decreased as concentration of Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) increased. The attack rate of HCL increased at lower Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) concentrations, but at higher concentrations tended to stabilize at a rate equivalent to that from 5% acid without Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür). The rate of 5% phosphoric acid attack decreased with increased concentration of Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür), but in 10% phosphoric acid, the rate increased with increased concentration of Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür). It is hypothesized that in citric and sulfamic acids the ammonium ion is inhibitive, but that in the more aggressive hydrochloric and phosphoric acids, the corrosion rates do not hold a relationship with Ammonium Bifluoride (Amonyum Biflorür) concentrations.Ammonium hydrogen fluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula NH4HF2 or NH4F·HF. It is produced from ammonia and hydrogen fluoride. This colourless salt is a glass-etchant and an intermediate in a once-contemplated route to hydrofluoric acid.Ammonium bifluoride, as its name indicates, contains an ammonium cation (NH4+) and a bifluoride, or hydrogen(difluoride), anion (HF2−). The centrosymmetric triatomic bifluoride anion features the strongest known hydrogen bond, with a F−H length of 114 pm. and a bond energy greater than 155 kJ mol−1.In solid [NH4][HF2], each ammonium cation is surrounded by four fluoride centers in a tetrahedron, with hydrogen-fluorine hydrogen bonds present between the hydrogen atoms of the ammonium ion and the fluorine atoms.[citation needed] Solutions contain tetrahedral [NH4]+ cations and linear [HF2]− anions.Ammonium bifluoride has been considered as an intermediate in the production of hydrofluoric acid from hexafluorosilicic acid. Thus, hexafluorosilicic acid is hydrolyzed to give ammonium fluoride, which thermally decomposes to give the bifluoride:H2SiF6 + 6 NH3 + 2 H2O → SiO2 + 6 NH4F 2 NH4F → NH3 + [NH4]HF2 The resulting ammonium bifluoride is converted to sodium bifluoride, which thermally decomposes to release HF.Ammonium bifluoride is also used as an additive in tin-nickel plating processes as the fluoride ion acts as a complexing agent with the tin, allowing for greater control over the resulting composition and finish.Ammonium bifluoride is toxic to consume and a skin corrosion agent. Upon exposure to skin, rinsing with water followed by a treatment of calcium gluconate is required.Ammonium hydrogen fluoride* (NH4HF2) is used for aluminium anodization, metal surface treatment, manufacture of wood preservatives, glass processing, building protection, mineral oil/ natural gas drilling, cleaning of industrial plants and in the electronic industry. Ammonium hydrogen fluoride is used in the the following applications: Glass processing: for matt etching Metal surface treatment: as essential component of bright digo baths for etching and cleaning of non-ferrous metal pieces Mineral oil / natural gas drilling: as aid for drilling through silicate rocks Cleaning of industrial plants: as component in cleaning and disinfecting solutions, e.g. in power stations Building protection: as component in cleaning agents *Goods labelled as “dual use” are subject to special controls and export restrictions in most countries. Before exporting such goods the exporter must apply for an appropriate export licence from the competent authority. For deliveries within the EU, for example, the seller must include an appropriate note in the commercial papers in accordance with article 22, paragraph 10, of the dual use regulation.Fluorides are absorbed from GI tract, lung, & skin. GI tract is major site of absorption. The relatively sol cmpd, such as sodium fluoride, are almost completely absorbed ... Fluoride has been detected in all organs & tissues examined ... There is no evidence that it is concentrated in any tissues except bone, thyroid, aorta, & perhaps kidney. Fluoride is preponderantly deposited in the skeleton & teeth, & the degree of skeletal storage is related to intake and age. ... A function of the turnover rate of skeletal components, with growing bone showing greater fluoride deposition than bone in mature animals. ... Major route of ... excretion is by way of kidneys ... also excreted in small amt by sweat glands, lactating breast, & GI tract. ... About 90% of fluoride ion filtered by glomerulus is reabsorbed by renal tubules.Following ingestion, soluble fluorides are rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract at least to the extent of 97%. Absorbed fluoride is distributed throughout the tissues of the body by the blood. Fluoride concentrations is soft tissues fall to pre-exposure levels within a few hours of exposure. Fluoride exchanges with hydroxyl radicals of hydroxyapatite (the inorganic constituent of bone) to form fluorohydroxyapatite. Fluoride that is not retained is excreted rapidly in urine. In adults under steady state intake conditions, the urinary concentration of fluoride tends to approximate the concentration of fluoride in the drinking water. This reflects the decreasing retention of fluoride (primarily in bone) with increasing age. Under certain conditions perspiraton may be an important route of fluoride excretion. The concentration of fluoride retained in bones and teeth is a function of both the concentration of fluoride intake and the duration of exposure. Periods of excessive fluoride exposure will result in increased retention in the bone. However, when the excessive exposure is eliminated, the bone fluoride concentration will decrease to a concentration that is again reflective of intake.Inhibition of one or more enzymes controlling cellular glycolysis (and perhaps resp) may result in a critical lesion. ... Binding or precipitation of calcium as calcium fluoride ... suggested as mechanism underlying many diverse signs and symptoms in fluoride poisoning, particularly if death is delayed. ... At least in some species fluoride interferes with both contractile power of heart and the mechanism of beat in a way that cannot be ascribed to hypocalcemia.The mechanism for acute lethality at high fluoride dose levels is not fully defined. It is believed that certain essential enzymatic reactions may be blocked and there may be interference with the origin and transmission of nerve impulses. The metabolic roles of calcium and physical damage to the kidney and the mucosa of the stomach and intestine are also believed to be associated with the acute lethality mechanism. Fluoride interacts with bones and teeth by replacing hydroxyl or bicarbonate ions in hydroxyapatite to form fluorohydroxyapatite. Fluoride may function as an essential key to bring about precipitation or nucleation of the apatite lattice in an oriented fashion on collagen fibers. Accretion of new mineral continues, and fluoride, brought to the surfaces of newly formed crystals by the extracellular fluid, replaces the hydroxyl ion. As crystal growth continues, fluoride is incorporated into inner layers of the crystals as well as on the surface. Remodeling of the bone structure takes place by an interplay of osteoclastic resorption of old bone and osteoblastic deposition of new bone. The presence of fluorohydroxyapatite increases the crystalline structure of the bone and reduces its solubility. Available evidence suggests that dental fluorosis results from toxic effects of fluoride on the epithelial enamel organ. Specifically, several investigators have shown that ameloblasts are susceptible to fluoride. Dental staining often accompanies fluorosis but does not itself determine the degree of fluorosis. The staining is believed to be due to the oxidation of organic material in defective enamel or the penetration of hypoplastic sections of enamel by food pigments.Manufacture of magnesium and magnesium alloys; in brightening of aluminum; for purifying and cleansing various parts of beer-dispensing apparatus, tubes, etc., sterilizing dairy and other food equipment; in glass and porcelain industries; as mordant for aluminum; as a "sour" in laundering cloth. In lab production of hydrogen fluoride.Anhydrous ammonium bifluoride containing 0.1 5 H2O and 93% NH4HF2 can be made by dehydrating ammonia fluoride solutions and by thermally decomposing the dry crystals. Commercial ammonium bifluoride, which usually contains 1% NH4F, is made by gas phase reactions of one mole of anhydrous ammonia with two moles of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride; the melt that forms is flaked on a cooled drum.Fluoride- Electrode Method. This method is suitable for fluoride concn from 0.1 to more than 10 mg/l. The fluoride electrode is a selective ion sensor. The key element in the fluoride electrode is the laser-type doped lanthanum fluoride crystal across which a potential is lished by fluoride soln of different concn. The crystal contacts the sample soln at one face and an internal reference soln at the other. The fluoride electrode measures the ion activity of fluoride in soln rather than concn. Fluoride ion activity depends on the soln total ionic strength and pH, and on fluoride complexing species. Adding an appropriate buffer provides a uniform ionic strength background, adjusts pH, and breaks up complexes so that, in effect, the electrode measures concn. A synthetic sample containing 0.850 mg fluoride ion/l in distilled water was analyzed in 111 laboratories with relative standard deviation of 3.6% and relative error of 0.7%.Fluoride- SPADNS Method. This method is suitable only for concn in the range of 0.05 to 1.4 mg/l. The reaction rate between fluoride and zirconium ion is influenced greatly by the acidity of the reaction mixture. If the proportion of acid in the reagent is incr, the reaction can be made almost instantaneous. Under such conditions, however, the effect of various ions differs from that in the conventional alizarin method. The selection of dye for this rapid fluoride method is governed largely by the resulting tolerance to these ions. A synthetic sample contanining 0.830 mg fluoride ion/l and no interference in distilled water was analyzed in 53 laboratories with a relative standard deviation of 8.0% and a relative error of 1.2%. After direct distillation of the sample, the relative standard deviation was 11.0% and the relative error 2.4%. Ammonium bifluoride (NH4•HF2) is manufactured and sold in solid form or in aqueous solutions. The solid is a white crystal. The solutions are clear, colorless liquids that have a slightly sharp, pungent odor. Common industrial solution strength concentrations for Ammonium Bifluoride are between 28 and 30%. Ammonium bifluoride (ABF) Ammonium difluoride Ammonium acid fluoride Ammonium hydrogen difluoride Ammonium fluoride compound with hydrogen fluoride (1:1) Ammonium Bifluoride Flakes are used for aluminium anodization, metal surface treatment, manufacture of wood preservatives, glass processing, mineral oil/ natural gas drilling, cleaning agents of industrial plants, breweries and in the electronics industry. It may also be used for pH adjustment in industrial textile processing or laundries. ABF is available as a solid or liquid solution (in water). Background: Ammonium bifluoride is a reagent widely used in organic synthesis; however, the systematic collection and classification have not been covered until now. Methodology: In this review, we aim to systematically summarize the application of ammonium bifluoride in organic synthesis. Conclusion: It can be used for deprotection of hydroxyl protected groups (esp. Silyl protection). It is also used for introducing F & N atoms into organic molecules; promoting cyclization reactions acting as a multifunctional reagent. AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE reacts violently with bases. In presence of moisture will corrode glass, cement, and most metals. Flammable hydrogen gas may collect in enclosed spaces. Do not use steel, nickel, or aluminum containers (USCG, 1999). Ammonium bifluoride (ABF) is one of the most common, and dangerous, wheel cleaners used in automatic carwashes today. Its effectiveness removing brake dust and difficult contaminants from chrome wheels is undisputed, but some chemists say ABF presents an unjustifiable and potentially lethal risk to carwash operators and their employees. Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.Environmental considerations- land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cemented powder. Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.Environmental considerations- water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Avoid breathing fumes from burning material.The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Ammonium bifluoride, solid; Ammonium bifluoride, solution/No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations .The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.Ammonium bifluoride is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance.Maintain an open airway and assist ventilation if necessary. Monitor ECG and serum calcium, magnesium, and potassium for at least 4 to 6 hours. Admit symptomatic patients with ECG or electrolyte abnormalities to an intensive care setting. When clinically significant hypocalcemia is present, administer intravenous calcium gluconate ... and monitor ionized calcium levels and titrate further doses as needed. Treat hypomagnesemia with intravenous magnesium sulfate... . Treat hypokalemia with intravenous calcium and other usual measures. Do not induce vomiting because of the risk of abrupt onset of seizures and arrhythmias. Administer an antacid containing calcium (eg, calcium carbonate) orally to raise gastric pH and complex free fluoride, reducing absorption. Foods rich in calcium (eg, milk) can also bind fluoride. Magnesium-containing antacids have also been recommended but there are little data for their effectiveness. ... Consider gastric lavage for recent large ingestions. Activated charcoal does not absorb fluoride and is not likely to be beneficial. Because fluoride rapidly binds to free calcium and bone and has a short elimination half-life, hemodialysis is not likely to be effective.Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures adn treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination . Most available toxicity information on fluoride relates to acute toxicity of hydrofluoric acid (''HF''). However, other water soluble fluoride-containing compounds can cause fluoride poisoning. The fluoride ion is systemically absorbed almost immediately. It is highly penetrating and reactive and can cause both systemic poisoning and tissue destruction. Fluoride ions, once separated from either HF or fluoride salts, penetrate deep into tissues, causing burning at sites deeper than the original exposure site. The process of tissue destruction can continue for days. Fluoride absorption can produce hyperkalemia (elevated serum potassium), hypocalcemia (lowered serum calcium), hypomagnesemia (lowered serum magnesium), and metabolic and respiratory acidosis. These disturbances can then bring on cardiac arrhythmia, respiratory stimulation followed by respiratory depression, muscle spasms, convulsions, central nervous system (''CNS'') depression, possible respiratory paralysis or cardiac failure, and death. Fluoride may also inhibit cellular respiration and glycolysis, alter membrane permeability and excitability, and cause neurotoxic and adverse GI effects. When exposure is through inhalation, fluorides can cause severe chemical burns to the respiratory system. Inhalation can result in difficulty breathing (dyspnea), bronchospasms, chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary edema, airway obstruction, and tracheobronchitis. The severity of burns from dermal absorption can vary depending on the concentration of fluoride available, duration of the exposure, the surface area exposed, and the penetrability of the exposed tissue. Ocular exposure can result in serious eye injury. Ingestion of fluoride can result in mild to severe GI symptoms. Reports suggest that ingesting 3 to 5 milligrams of fluoride per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) causes vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Ingestion of more than 5 mg/kg may produce systemic toxicity. A retrospective poison control center study of fluoride ingestions reported that symptoms, primarily safely tolerated GI symptoms that tended to resolve within 24 hours, developed following ingestions of 4 to 8.4 mg/kg of fluoride.
AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE

Ammonium bifluoride is a chemical compound with the chemical formula NH4HF2.
Ammonium bifluoride is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water.
Ammonium bifluoride is a salt that contains both ammonium (NH4+) and bifluoride (HF2-) ions.

CAS Number: 1341-49-7



APPLICATIONS


Ammonium bifluoride is commonly used for metal surface treatment and cleaning.
Ammonium bifluoride is employed in the metal industry for the removal of oxides, scales, and impurities from metal surfaces.
Ammonium bifluoride is particularly effective in descaling stainless steel and aluminum.

In aluminum production, ammonium bifluoride plays a role in the preparation of aluminum alloys.
Ammonium bifluoride is used in the glass industry for glass etching and frosting applications, creating decorative patterns on glass surfaces.
Ammonium bifluoride finds application in the preparation of glassware with frosted or textured designs.
Laboratories use ammonium bifluoride as a reagent in various chemical reactions and processes.

Ammonium bifluoride is used in analytical chemistry for sample preparation and analysis.
Ammonium bifluoride is essential in some specialized cleaning products designed for household and industrial use.

Ammonium bifluoride is found in rust removers and cleaning agents, particularly for metal surfaces.
Ammonium bifluoride is employed in preparing aluminum surfaces for welding and painting.

In the electronics industry, it is used for cleaning and etching printed circuit boards (PCBs).
Ammonium bifluoride is part of the process for creating microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices.
Ammonium bifluoride is used in the semiconductor industry for silicon wafer etching and cleaning.

In the dental field, ammonium bifluoride is used for etching tooth enamel and dental prosthetics.
Ammonium bifluoride plays a role in creating dental restorations such as crowns and veneers.
Ammonium bifluoride is utilized in some rust inhibitors and rust converters.

In the textile industry, it is used for cleaning and treating fabrics.
Ammonium bifluoride is applied in the preparation of specialty coatings and finishes for various materials.

The aerospace industry uses it for the cleaning and preparation of aircraft components.
Ammonium bifluoride is a component in the cleaning and maintenance of optical lenses, telescopes, and other precision instruments.

Ammonium bifluoride is employed in the printing industry for plate etching and cleaning printing equipment.
In the automotive industry, it is used for cleaning engine components and removing oxidation from alloy wheels.

Ammonium bifluoride is used to etch and decorate ceramic and porcelain surfaces.
Ammonium bifluoride is a versatile chemical compound with applications in various industrial sectors, although it must be handled with caution due to its corrosive nature and potential health risks.

Ammonium bifluoride is used in the petrochemical industry for removing impurities and scale from heat exchangers and pipelines.
Ammonium bifluoride is an essential component in the maintenance and cleaning of cooling towers in industrial facilities.

In the food industry, ammonium bifluoride can be used for equipment cleaning and maintenance, particularly in dairies and food processing plants.
Ammonium bifluoride is applied in the cleaning and maintenance of stainless steel tanks and vessels in breweries and wineries.
Ammonium bifluoride is used for removing mineral deposits, scale, and rust stains from bathroom and kitchen fixtures.

In the automotive detailing industry, ammonium bifluoride is employed to remove stubborn stains and mineral deposits from car windows and windshields.
Ammonium bifluoride is used for cleaning and etching ceramic tiles and porcelain surfaces in the construction industry.
Ammonium bifluoride can be found in specialty glass cleaners designed to remove mineral deposits and hard water stains from windows and glass surfaces.

Ammonium bifluoride is used to clean and restore antique and stained glass artworks and windows.
In the cleaning of aluminum cookware and utensils, it helps remove tarnish and oxidation.
Ammonium bifluoride is utilized in the recycling industry for the removal of labels and adhesive residues from glass and plastic containers.

Ammonium bifluoride is used for cleaning and maintaining swimming pool and spa filtration systems.
In the HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) industry, it plays a role in cleaning and maintaining air conditioning coils and systems.
Ammonium bifluoride is applied in the cleaning and maintenance of industrial ovens and baking equipment in the bakery industry.
Ammonium bifluoride is used for cleaning and restoring vinyl records, removing dirt, dust, and contaminants for improved sound quality.

In the oil and gas industry, ammonium bifluoride is used for cleaning and maintaining drilling equipment.
Ammonium bifluoride is employed in the cleaning and maintenance of high-pressure steam boilers in power plants.
Ammonium bifluoride is used in the manufacture of specialty glass and optical lenses with precise surface finishes.
Ammonium bifluoride finds applications in the restoration and preservation of historical architectural details and monuments.

In the art conservation field, ammonium bifluoride is used to remove surface contaminants from paintings and sculptures.
Ammonium bifluoride plays a role in the cleaning and maintenance of air filtration systems in aircraft and spacecraft.

Ammonium bifluoride is utilized in the cleaning and preparation of aquarium tanks for fish and aquatic organisms.
In the electronics manufacturing industry, ammonium bifluoride is used for the etching of printed circuit boards and semiconductor components.

Ammonium bifluoride can be found in rust converter products designed to convert rust into a more stable, paintable surface.
Ammonium bifluoride is a versatile and effective cleaning and etching agent used across a wide range of industries, from industrial manufacturing to art restoration and conservation.

In the electronics industry, ammonium bifluoride is used for cleaning and etching silicon wafers and microelectronic components during semiconductor manufacturing.
Ammonium bifluoride plays a crucial role in the production of integrated circuits and microchips.

In the field of printed circuit board (PCB) assembly, it is employed for the selective removal of copper and other materials to create circuit patterns.
Ammonium bifluoride is used for cleaning and maintaining analytical instruments in scientific laboratories, such as spectrometers and chromatographs.

In the aerospace industry, ammonium bifluoride is utilized for cleaning and preparing aircraft components, including engine parts and avionics.
Ammonium bifluoride is an essential component in the maintenance of gas turbines used in power generation and aviation.

Ammonium bifluoride is applied in the glass tempering process to create tempered or safety glass for automotive, architectural, and other applications.
Ammonium bifluoride is used for the etching of aluminum and aluminum alloys to improve adhesion in adhesive bonding and paint applications.
In the manufacturing of solar panels, the compound is employed to clean and etch the surfaces of photovoltaic cells for improved energy conversion.

Ammonium bifluoride is used in the removal of flux residues and soldering fluxes from PCBs.
Ammonium bifluoride plays a role in the cleaning and restoration of historical and antique clocks and watch components.

In the aerospace industry, it is applied to clean and prepare spacecraft components for missions to space.
Ammonium bifluoride is used to remove oxide and scale from heat exchangers and boiler tubes in industrial power plants.
Ammonium bifluoride is employed for cleaning and descaling industrial refrigeration systems, ensuring optimal efficiency.

In the chemical industry, ammonium bifluoride is used to clean and maintain various types of processing equipment and vessels.
Ammonium bifluoride is found in specialty graffiti removers for the removal of graffiti from a variety of surfaces.
Ammonium bifluoride is utilized in the cleaning and maintenance of heat exchangers and condensers in the HVAC and refrigeration industry.

In the marine industry, ammonium bifluoride is used for cleaning and maintaining shipboard equipment and components.
Ammonium bifluoride is applied for the cleaning and maintenance of brewing and fermentation tanks in the brewery industry.
Ammonium bifluoride is used in the petrochemical industry to clean and maintain pipelines, heat exchangers, and storage tanks.

Ammonium bifluoride is employed in the cleaning and preparation of ceramics for glazing and finishing.
Ammonium bifluoride plays a role in the cleaning and maintenance of wastewater treatment facilities and equipment.

In the automotive repair and restoration industry, it is used to remove rust and oxidation from metal surfaces.
Ammonium bifluoride is found in specialized rust stain removers for concrete and masonry surfaces.

Ammonium bifluoride's applications are diverse and extend to various industries and processes, where its cleaning and etching properties are highly valuable.

In the automotive industry, ammonium bifluoride is used to clean and maintain car radiators and cooling systems, removing scale and deposits.
Ammonium bifluoride is employed in the maintenance of air conditioning systems and heat exchangers in residential and commercial HVAC systems.

In the construction industry, ammonium bifluoride is used to clean and etch concrete surfaces before painting or applying coatings.
Ammonium bifluoride plays a role in the preparation and cleaning of metal surfaces for welding and fabrication in the construction and metalworking sectors.
Ammonium bifluoride is utilized in the nuclear power industry for cleaning and maintaining reactor components.
Ammonium bifluoride is an essential part of the preparation process for electroplating and anodizing metal components.
Ammonium bifluoride is found in some specialty rust and corrosion inhibitors for metal surfaces exposed to harsh environments.

In the marine industry, it is applied for cleaning and maintaining ship hulls, propellers, and underwater structures.
Ammonium bifluoride is used in the restoration and preservation of historical and cultural artifacts, such as sculptures, statues, and monuments.
Ammonium bifluoride plays a role in the cleaning and maintenance of water treatment facilities and equipment used for potable water and wastewater.

In the pharmaceutical industry, ammonium bifluoride can be used for equipment cleaning and maintenance in pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities.
Ammonium bifluoride is found in some specialty cleaning products for removing tough stains and mineral deposits from bathroom and kitchen surfaces.
Ammonium bifluoride is used to clean and maintain laboratory glassware and equipment in research and educational institutions.

In the printing industry, it is applied for plate etching and cleaning in the production of newspapers, magazines, and packaging materials.
Ammonium bifluoride is utilized in the cleaning and maintenance of hydraulic systems and components in heavy machinery and industrial equipment.
Ammonium bifluoride is employed in the cleaning and restoration of fine art and antiquities, including paintings and sculptures.

In the chemical manufacturing industry, ammonium bifluoride is used to clean and maintain reaction vessels and processing equipment.
Ammonium bifluoride is a component in some specialized graffiti removers for removing graffiti from a variety of surfaces.
Ammonium bifluoride is applied in the cleaning and maintenance of industrial dryers and industrial ovens used in manufacturing processes.
Ammonium bifluoride is found in cleaning products for removing rust stains from concrete walkways, patios, and driveways.

Ammonium bifluoride is used in the aerospace industry for cleaning and maintaining rocket engines and launch components.
Ammonium bifluoride plays a role in the cleaning and maintenance of industrial evaporators used in the food and beverage industry.

In the textile industry, it is applied for cleaning and preparing fabrics and textiles for dyeing and printing.
Ammonium bifluoride is utilized in the cleaning and maintenance of analytical instruments used in scientific research and development.
Ammonium bifluoride's versatility extends to an array of applications across industries, contributing to the cleaning, etching, and maintenance of various materials and equipment.



DESCRIPTION


Ammonium bifluoride is a chemical compound with the chemical formula NH4HF2.
Ammonium bifluoride is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water.
Ammonium bifluoride is a salt that contains both ammonium (NH4+) and bifluoride (HF2-) ions.

Ammonium bifluoride is often used in various industrial applications, including metal cleaning and etching, glass etching, and as a laboratory reagent.
Ammonium bifluoride should be handled with care, as it is corrosive and can release toxic hydrogen fluoride gas when heated or exposed to moisture.

Ammonium bifluoride, with the chemical formula NH4HF2, is a crystalline, inorganic compound.
Ammonium bifluoride is also known as ammonium hydrogen difluoride.

Ammonium bifluoride consists of ammonium ions (NH4+) and bifluoride ions (HF2-).
Ammonium bifluoride appears as a white, odorless, and water-soluble solid.
Ammonium bifluoride is highly hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the surrounding air.

Ammonium bifluoride is commonly used in various industrial applications due to its strong etching and cleaning properties.
Ammonium bifluoride has a molecular weight of approximately 57.04 g/mol.

Ammonium bifluoride is used as a source of fluoride ions in chemical processes.
Ammonium bifluoride is often employed in metal surface treatment to remove oxides, scales, and other impurities.

In the metal industry, it is used for cleaning and descaling stainless steel and aluminum surfaces.
Ammonium bifluoride is a key component in the preparation of aluminum alloys.

Ammonium bifluoride is used in the glass industry for glass etching and frosting applications.
Ammonium bifluoride is utilized to etch glass surfaces, creating decorative patterns and designs.

In laboratories, ammonium bifluoride is used as a reagent in chemical reactions.
Ammonium bifluoride is known for its corrosive nature and should be handled with appropriate safety precautions.

Ammonium bifluoride can release toxic hydrogen fluoride (HF) gas when heated or exposed to moisture.
Proper protective equipment, including gloves and goggles, is essential when working with this compound.

Ammonium bifluoride is an essential component in some rust removers and cleaning agents.
Ammonium bifluoride is often used to clean and prepare aluminum surfaces for welding and painting.

Ammonium bifluoride is also used in some specialized cleaning products for household and industrial applications.
Ammonium bifluoride is classified as a hazardous material, and its handling and storage are subject to regulations.
Exposure to this compound can lead to skin and eye irritation and other health risks.

Ammonium bifluoride should be stored in a cool, dry place away from incompatible substances and heat sources.
Ammonium bifluoride should be kept in well-sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption.
Due to its potential hazards, safe and responsible handling and disposal practices are essential when working with ammonium bifluoride.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: NH4HF2
Molecular Weight: Approximately 57.04 grams/mol
Physical State: Solid
Appearance: White, crystalline powder or solid
Odor: Odorless
Solubility:
Highly soluble in water
Slightly soluble in alcohol
pH: Acidic
Melting Point: Approximately 124.8°C (257.6°F)
Boiling Point: Decomposes at high temperatures
Density: Approximately 1.50 g/cm³
Hygroscopic: It readily absorbs moisture from the surrounding air.
Corrosivity: Highly corrosive
Toxicity: It can release toxic hydrogen fluoride (HF) gas when heated or exposed to moisture.
Flammability: Non-flammable under normal conditions, but can release flammable gases when in contact with certain metals.



FIRST AID


Inhalation (Breathing in Fumes):

Move the affected person to an area with fresh air immediately.
If the person is not breathing or having difficulty breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Seek immediate medical attention, and inform the medical staff about the exposure to Ammonium bifluoride.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry, taking care not to spread the chemical.
Rinse the affected skin with plenty of lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
Use soap and water to wash the exposed skin thoroughly.
Seek medical attention even for minor skin exposure, as Ammonium bifluoride can cause delayed chemical burns.


Eye Contact:

Immediately rinse the eyes with gently flowing lukewarm water, keeping the eyelids open to ensure thorough flushing for at least 15 minutes.
Do not use eye drops or any other substances unless prescribed by a medical professional.
Seek immediate medical attention, as eye exposure to Ammonium bifluoride can lead to severe eye damage and vision impairment.


Ingestion (Swallowing):

Do not induce vomiting, as this can worsen the condition.
Give the affected person small sips of water if conscious and not in distress.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center.


General First Aid Precautions:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and safety goggles, when providing first aid to an affected person.
Ensure that the exposed person is transported to a medical facility as quickly as possible, and provide information about the chemical exposure.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling Precautions:

Handling of Ammonium bifluoride should only be carried out by trained personnel who are familiar with the properties and hazards of the chemical.
Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, a lab coat or protective clothing, and a chemical-resistant apron.
Work with Ammonium bifluoride in a well-ventilated area or under a chemical fume hood to minimize exposure to fumes and dust.
Avoid generating dust or fine particles of the compound, as inhaling them can be harmful.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas where Ammonium bifluoride is handled, and wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling.
All equipment used with Ammonium bifluoride should be constructed of materials that are resistant to corrosion by the chemical, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or stainless steel.


Storage Conditions:

Store Ammonium bifluoride in a dedicated, well-ventilated storage area that is cool, dry, and isolated from incompatible substances.
Keep containers tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption and contact with air.
Avoid storing it near strong acids, bases, reducing agents, and flammable materials, as it may react with them.
Store the chemical away from heat sources, open flames, sparks, and direct sunlight.
Containers of Ammonium bifluoride should be labeled with clear hazard warnings and information.
Make sure that storage areas are equipped with appropriate safety equipment, including eyewash stations and emergency showers in case of exposure.


Spill and Leak Response:

In the event of a spill or leak, restrict access to the affected area to prevent exposure.
Use appropriate PPE, including gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat or protective clothing, when responding to spills.
Contain and neutralize the spill with appropriate absorbent materials designed for chemical spills (e.g., sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, or calcium hydroxide).
Carefully transfer the neutralized material into a chemical waste container.
Thoroughly clean the spill area, following local regulations for hazardous waste disposal.


Disposal:

Dispose of Ammonium bifluoride and any contaminated materials in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations for hazardous waste disposal.
Do not dispose of it in regular trash or down the drain.


Emergency Response:

Ensure that emergency response personnel are familiar with the hazards associated with Ammonium bifluoride and are equipped with appropriate PPE and emergency response equipment.
Be prepared to provide information about the chemical, its properties, and the nature of the exposure when seeking medical attention or contacting emergency services.



SYNONYMS


Ammonium acid fluoride
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen
Ammonium fluorohydrogenate
Ammonium hydrogen difluoride
Ammonium hydrogen fluoride
Ammonium bifluoride
Ammonium hydrogen fluorite
Ammonium hydrofluoride
Ammonium fluorhydric acid
Ammonium fluorohydrogenate
Ammonium HF
Ammonium HF 45%
Ammonium Hydrogen fluoride 55%
Ammonium HF solution
Ammonium HF etchant
Ammonium HF buffer
Ammonium bifluoride solution
Ammonium acid fluoride solution
Aqueous ammonium bifluoride
ABF
ABF solution
Ammonium fluorohydrogenate solution
Ammonium fluorohydrogenate
Ammonium bifluoride solution
Ammonium hydrofluoride
Ammonium hydrofluoride solution
Ammonium fluorhydric acid
Ammonium HF solution
Ammonium HF etchant
Ammonium HF buffer
Aqueous ammonium bifluoride
Aqueous ammonium fluoride
Ammonium acid fluoride solution
Ammonium hydrogen difluoride solution
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen solution
Ammonium fluorohydrogenate solution
ABF solution
ABF etchant
Ammonium hydrogen fluoride solution
Ammonium fluoride acid solution
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen solution
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen fluoride
Ammonium hydrogen fluoride etchant
Ammonium hydrogen fluoride buffer
Ammonium fluorohydrogenate etchant
Ammonium bifluoride etching solution
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen fluoride solution
Ammonium fluoride acid
Ammonium fluoride solution
Ammonium bifluoride powder
Ammonium fluorhydric acid solution
Ammonium hydrogen fluoride powder
Ammonium HF solid
Ammonium HF 55%
Ammonium fluorohydrogenate powder
Ammonium hydrogen difluoride powder
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen powder
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen fluoride powder
Ammonium fluorhydric acid powder
Ammonium hydrogen fluoride etchant
Ammonium fluoride acid etchant
Ammonium fluoride solution etchant
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen solution etchant
Ammonium hydrogen fluoride solid
Ammonium HF buffer solution
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen fluoride solid
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen fluoride etchant
Ammonium fluoride acid solid
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen powder
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen fluoride solid
Ammonium fluoride acid powder
Ammonium fluoride hydrogen fluoride solution etchant
AMMONIUM C12-16 ALKYL SULFATE
AMMONIUM CARBONATE, N° CAS : 10361-29-2, Nom INCI : AMMONIUM CARBONATE, Nom chimique : Ammonium carbonate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 233-786-0, Ses fonctions (INCI) :Régulateur de pH : Stabilise le pH des cosmétiques
AMMONIUM CARBONATE
Ammoniac; Ammonium Muriate; Sal ammoniac; Amchlor; Darammon; Salammonite; Salammoniac; Ammoniumchloridefume; Ammoniumchlorid; Chlorammonic; Chlorid Ammonia;Chlorid Amonny; Chlorid Amonny; Cloruro De Amonio; Gen-diur; Muriate of Ammonia; Ammonium chloride CAS NO:12125-02-9
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
SYNONYMS Ammoniac; Ammonium Muriate; Sal ammoniac; Amchlor; Darammon; Salammonite; Salammoniac; Ammoniumchloridefume; Ammoniumchlorid CAS NO. 12125-02-9
AMMONIUM COCO-SULFATE
AMMONIUM COCOYL ISETHIONATE,ammonium 2-cocoyloxyethanesulfonate N° CAS : 223705-57-5, Nom INCI : AMMONIUM COCOYL ISETHIONATE, Ses fonctions (INCI), Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre. Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation. 2-coccoilossietansolfonato di ammonio (it); 2-cocoiloxietanossulfonato de amónio (pt); 2-cocoiloxietanosulfonato de amonio (es); 2-cocoiloxietansulfonat de amoniu (ro); 2-cocoyloxyéthanesulfonate d'ammonium (fr); 2-kokoilooksyetanosulfonian amonu (pl); 2-kokojlossietansulfonat tal-ammonju (mt); 2-κοκκοϋλοξυαιθανοσουλφονικό αμμώνιο (el); ammonium-2-cocoyloksyetansulfonat (no); ammonium-2-cocoyloxyethaansulfonaat (nl); ammonium-2-cocoyloxyethansulfonat (da); ammonium-2-kokosalkyloxietansulfonat (sv); ammonium-2-kokoyylioksietaanisulfonaatti (fi); ammoonium-2-kokoüüloksüetaansulfonaat (et); ammónium 2-kokoiloxietánszulfonát (hu); amonija 2-kokoiloksietānsulfonāts (lv); amonijev 2-kokoiloksietansulfonat (hr); amonio 2-kokoiloksietansulfonatas (lt); amonné soli 2-sulfoethylesterů mastných kyselin z kokosového oleje (cs); amónium-2-(alkanoyloxy)etán-1-sulfonát, kde alkanoyl je z kokosového oleja (sk); амониев 2-кокоилоксиетансулфонат (bg); Fatty acids, coco, 2-sulfoethyl esters, ammonium salts
AMMONIUM COCOYL ISETHIONATE
SYNONYMS (NH4)F; Ammonium fluorure; Fluorure d'ammonium; Fluoruro amonico; Neutral ammonium fluoride; CAS NO. 12125-01-8
AMMONIUM ETHANOATE
Ammonium ethanoate, also known as spirit of Mindererus in aqueous solution, is a chemical compound with the formula NH4CH3CO2.
Ammonium ethanoate is a white, hygroscopic solid and can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.
Ammonium ethanoate is widely used in the chemical analysis, in the pharmaceutical industry, the food sector in preserving foods, and in various other industries too.

CAS Number: 631-61-8
EC Number: 211-162-9
Chemical Formula: C2H7NO2
Molar Mass: 77.083 g·mol−1

Ammonium ethanoate appears as a white crystalline solid.
The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.

Immediate steps should be taken to limit Ammonium ethanoate spread to the environment.
Ammonium ethanoate is used in chemical analysis, in pharmaceuticals, in preserving foods, and for other uses.

Ammonium ethanoate is an ammonium salt obtained by reaction of ammonia with acetic acid.
A deliquescent white crystalline solid, Ammonium ethanoate has a relatively low melting point (114℃) for a salt.

Ammonium ethanoate is used as a food acidity regulator, although no longer approved for this purpose in the EU.
Ammonium ethanoate has a role as a food acidity regulator and a buffer.
Ammonium ethanoate is an acetate salt and an ammonium salt.

Ammonium ethanoate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
Ammonium ethanoate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Ammonium ethanoate, also known as spirit of Mindererus in aqueous solution, is a chemical compound with the formula NH4CH3CO2.
Ammonium ethanoate is a white, hygroscopic solid and can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.
Ammonium ethanoate is available commercially.

Ammonium ethanoate is a white crystalline solid formed when ammonia reacts with acetic acid.
Ammonium ethanoate is widely used in the chemical analysis, in the pharmaceutical industry, the food sector in preserving foods, and in various other industries too.
Ammonium ethanoate is also used as a buffer in topical personal care and cosmetic products in manufacturing skin lotions, shampoos, conditioners and more.

Ammonium ethanoate or C2H7NO2 appears in the form of a crystalline white solid with a slight acetous odour.
This ammonium salt is derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.

The chemical name of this salt is Ammonium ethanoate while it is even known as the spirit of Mindererus on the aqueous form.
The other names of Ammonium ethanoate include Spirit of Mindererus and Azanium Acetate.

Ammonium ethanoate is extensively used in the preservation of foods; in pharmaceuticals and the chemical analysis procedure.
Ammonium ethanoate works most effectively when used in the form of a food acidity regulator.

However, Ammonium ethanoate is one of the major threats to the atmosphere or the living environment.
Instant measures need to be taken to restricting the spread of this hazardous sale in the environment.

Ammonium ethanoate is widely utilized as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation.
Ammonium ethanoate is the primary source of ammonia in the Borch reaction in organic synthesis.

Ammonium ethanoate is used with distilled water to make a protein precipitating reagent.
Ammonium ethanoate acts as a buffer for electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry of proteins and other molecules and as mobile phases for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Sometimes, Ammonium ethanoate is used as a biodegradable de-icing agent and an acidity regulator in food additives.

Ammonium ethanoate is a salt that has interesting chemical properties and due to this reason, the pharmaceutical industry uses Ammonium ethanoate as an intermediary and raw material in various processes.
Ammonium ethanoate is a salt that forms from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.
Also, Ammonium ethanoate is useful for applications that require buffer solutions.

The Henry reactions are the most common reactions that use Ammonium ethanoate.
In an aqueous solution, Ammonium ethanoate is a chemical compound that we know by the name spirit of Mindererus or Ammonium ethanoate, which is a white, hygroscopic solid we can derive from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid.

Ammonium ethanoate has a variety of applications in molecular biology and chromatography.
Ammonium ethanoate is a useful reagent for the purification and precipitation of DNA and protein.
Ammonium ethanoate can be used in the HPLC and MS analysis of peptides, oligosaccharides, and proteins.

Uses of Ammonium ethanoate:
Ammonium ethanoate is used in explosives, foam rubbers, vinyl plastics, and drugs.
Ammonium ethanoate is also used for preserving meats, dyeing and stripping, determining lead and iron, and separating lead sulfate from other sulfates.

There are large scale uses of Ammonium ethanoate.
Ammonium ethanoate is used in the form of a food acidity regulator.

Ammonium ethanoate is the food additive used for changing or controlling the alkalinity or acidity of foods.
Ammonium ethanoate is also widely used in the form of a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation procedure.

Ammonium ethanoate serves as one of the best sources of ammonia is the Borch reaction during organic synthesis. 
Ammonium ethanoate is used in combination with wholly distilled water for making a kind of protein precipitating reagent.

Ammonium ethanoate even serves in the form of a buffer for ESI or electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of molecules and proteins and the form of a mobile phase for HPLC or high-performance liquid chromatography.
Quite rarely though, Ammonium ethanoate is even used in the form of a biodegradable de-icing agent.

Ammonium ethanoate even works best when used as a diuretic.
Ammonium ethanoate tends to be unstable at low pressure, and this is why Ammonium ethanoate is used for substituting cell buffers with different non-explosive salts in the preparation of mass spectrometry samples.

Other important uses of Ammonium ethanoate include:
Ammonium ethanoate is used in the manufacture of explosives.
Ammonium ethanoate is used for making foam rubber.

Ammonium ethanoate is used for preserving meat.Used for manufacturing vinyl plastics.
Ammonium ethanoate is used in different agricultural products.

In analytical chemistry, Ammonium ethanoate is used in the form of a reagent.
Ammonium ethanoate is used as a reagent in different dialysis procedures for the elimination of contaminants through diffusion.
In agricultural chemistry, Ammonium ethanoate, when used as a reagent, helps in determining soil CEC or cation exchange capacity along with the availability of potassium in the soil. 

Ammonium ethanoate is the main precursor to acetamide:
NH4CH3CO2 → CH3C(O)NH2 + H2O

Ammonium ethanoate is also used as a diuretic.

Buffer:
As the salt of a weak acid and a weak base, Ammonium ethanoate is often used with acetic acid to create a buffer solution.
Ammonium ethanoate is volatile at low pressures.
Because of this, Ammonium ethanoate has been used to replace cell buffers that contain non-volatile salts in preparing samples for mass spectrometry.

Ammonium ethanoate is also popular as a buffer for mobile phases for HPLC with ELSD detection for this reason.
Other volatile salts that have been used for this include ammonium formate.

When dissolving Ammonium ethanoate in pure water, the resulting solution typically has a pH of 7, because the equal amounts of acetate and ammonium neutralize each other.
However, Ammonium ethanoate is a dual component buffer system, which buffers around pH 4.75 ± 1 (acetate) and pH 9.25 ± 1 (ammonium), but Ammonium ethanoate has no significant buffer capacity at pH 7, contrary to common misconception.

Other:
Ammonium ethanoate is a biodegradable de-icing agent.
Ammonium ethanoate is a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation and as a source of ammonia in the Borch reaction in organic synthesis.

Ammonium ethanoate is a protein precipitating reagent in dialysis to remove contaminants via diffusion.
Ammonium ethanoate is a reagent in agricultural chemistry for determination of soil CEC (cation exchange capacity) and determination of available potassium in soil wherein the ammonium ion acts as a replacement cation for potassium.
Ammonium ethanoate is part of Calley's method for lead artifact conservation

Food additive:
Ammonium ethanoate is also used as a food additive as an acidity regulator; INS number 264.
Ammonium ethanoate is approved for usage in Australia and New Zealand.[10]

Widespread uses by professional workers:
Ammonium ethanoate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals and fertilisers.
Ammonium ethanoate is used in the following areas: health services, scientific research and development, agriculture, forestry and fishing and building & construction work.
Ammonium ethanoate is used for the manufacture of: food products and textile, leather or fur.

Release to the environment of Ammonium ethanoate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Other release to the environment of Ammonium ethanoate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use as processing aid, indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).

Uses at industrial sites:
Ammonium ethanoate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals, leather treatment products and textile treatment products and dyes.
Ammonium ethanoate is used in the following areas: health services, scientific research and development and building & construction work.

Ammonium ethanoate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, textile, leather or fur, food products and fabricated metal products.
Release to the environment of Ammonium ethanoate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid and in the production of articles.

Industry Uses:
Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
Catalyst
Intermediates
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other (specify)
Solids separation (precipitating) agent, not otherwise specified
pH regulating agent

Consumer Uses:
Ammonium ethanoate is used in the following products: perfumes and fragrances and cosmetics and personal care products.
Other release to the environment of Ammonium ethanoate is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid.

Other Consumer Uses:
Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
Other (specify)
Photosensitive chemicals

Applications of Ammonium ethanoate:
Ammonium ethanoate is widely utilized as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation.
Ammonium ethanoate is the primary source of ammonia in the Borch reaction in organic synthesis.

Ammonium ethanoate is used with distilled water to make a protein precipitating reagent.
Ammonium ethanoate acts as a buffer for electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry of proteins and other molecules and as mobile phases for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Sometimes, Ammonium ethanoate is used as a biodegradable de-icing agent and an acidity regulator in food additives.

Structural Formula of Ammonium ethanoate:
As Ammonium ethanoate salt is constituted of a weak acid and a weak base and is often used with acetic acid to create a buffer solution.
Ammonium ethanoate chemical component is volatile at low pressures because Ammonium ethanoate has been used to replace cell buffers with non-volatile salts in preparing the chemical samples.

Production of Ammonium ethanoate:
Ammonium ethanoate is produced by the neutralization of acetic acid with ammonium carbonate or by saturating glacial acetic acid with ammonia.
Obtaining crystalline Ammonium ethanoate is difficult on account of Ammonium ethanoate hygroscopic nature.

Two methods can be used for obtaining Ammonium ethanoate, and they are:
Through the saturation of glacial acetic acid or CH3COOH with NH3 or ammonia.
Through the neutralization of acetic acid with (NH4)2CO3 or ammonium carbonate.

These are the two basic methods used for obtaining Ammonium ethanoate, though some new methods have also surfaced in recent years.
Ammonium ethanoate functions in the form of an acetamide precursor.

This results in a reaction that follows like this:
NH4CH3CO2 → CH3C (O) NH2 + H2O

General Manufacturing Information of Ammonium ethanoate:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting
All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing
All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing
Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing

Occurrence of Ammonium ethanoate:
In nature, Ammonium ethanoate is not present in a free compound state.
But, ammonium and acetate ions are present in many biochemical processes.

Properties of Ammonium ethanoate:

Physical Properties:
Ammonium ethanoate is a hygroscopic white solid with a slightly acidic odor.
Furthermore, Ammonium ethanoate melting point is 113oC.
Also, Ammonium ethanoate is highly soluble in water and Ammonium ethanoate density in this liquid is 1.17 g/mL-1.

Chemical Properties:
Ammonium ethanoate is a slat of a weak acid (acetic acid) and a weak base (ammonia).
Use this salt with acetic acid to prepare a buffer solution that will regulate Ammonium ethanoate pH.
Nevertheless, Ammonium ethanoate use as a buffering agent is not very extensive because Ammonium ethanoate can be volatile in low pressures.

History of Ammonium ethanoate:
The synonym Spirit of Mindererus is named after R. Minderer, a physician from Augsburg.

Handling and storage of Ammonium ethanoate:

Precautions for safe handling:
Provide adequate ventilation.
When not in use, keep containers tightly closed.

Advice on general occupational hygiene:
Keep away from food, drink and animal feedingstuffs.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Store in a dry place.
Keep container tightly closed.
Hygroscopic solid.

Incompatible substances or mixtures:
Observe hints for combined storage.

Protect against external exposure, such as:
humidity

Consideration of other advice:
Specific designs for storage rooms or vessels

Recommended storage temperature: 15–25 °C

Specific end use(s):
No information available.

Stability and Reactivity of Ammonium ethanoate:

Reactivity:
Ammonium ethanoate is not reactive under normal ambient conditions.

Chemical stability:
Moisture-sensitive.
Hygroscopic solid.

Possibility of hazardous reactions:

Violent reaction with:
Strong oxidiser, Hypochlorites, Gold compound.

Conditions to avoid:
Protect from moisture.

Incompatible materials:
There is no additional information.

First Aid Measures of Ammonium ethanoate:

INHALATION:
Remove victim to fresh air; rinse nose and mouth with water.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.

INGESTION:
Induce vomiting immediately. Give large amounts of water.

EYES:
Flush with water for at least 15 min.

SKIN:
Flush with soap and water.

General notes:
Take off contaminated clothing.

Following inhalation:
Provide fresh air.
In all cases of doubt, or when symptoms persist, seek medical advice.

Following skin contact:
Rinse skin with water/shower.

Following eye contact:
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
In all cases of doubt, or when symptoms persist, seek medical advice.

Following ingestion:
Rinse mouth.
Call a doctor if you feel unwell.

Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed:
Nausea, Vomiting, Spasms, Circulatory collapse.

Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
none.

Firefighting measures of Ammonium ethanoate:

Suitable extinguishing media:
co-ordinate firefighting measures to the fire surroundings water, foam, alcohol resistant foam, dry extinguishing powder, ABC-powder.

Unsuitable extinguishing media:
water jet

Special hazards arising from Ammonium ethanoate or mixture:
None.

Hazardous combustion products:

In case of fire may be liberated:
Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

Advice for firefighters:
In case of fire and/or explosion do not breathe fumes.
Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance.
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus.

Accidental Release Measures of Ammonium ethanoate:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:

For non-emergency personnel:
No special measures are necessary.

Environmental precautions:
Keep away from drains, surface and ground water.

Methods and material for containment and cleaning up:

Advice on how to contain a spill:
Covering of drains.
Take up mechanically.

Advice on how to clean up a spill:
Take up mechanically.

Other information relating to spills and releases:
Place in appropriate containers for disposal.
Ventilate affected area.

Preventive Measures of Ammonium ethanoate:
The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting.
The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon Ammonium ethanoate, but also on factors including the form of Ammonium ethanoate, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses.
However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye.

In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn.
In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Identifiers of Ammonium ethanoate:
CAS Number: 631-61-8
ChEBI: CHEBI:62947
ChemSpider: 11925
ECHA InfoCard: 100.010.149
EC Number: 211-162-9
PubChem CID: 517165
RTECS number: AF3675000
UNII: RRE756S6Q2
UN number: 3077
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID5023873
InChI: InChI=1S/C2H4O2.H3N/c1-2(3)4;/h1H3,(H,3,4);1H3
Key: USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C2H4O2.H3N/c1-2(3)4;/h1H3,(H,3,4);1H3
Key: USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYAY
SMILES: O=C([O-])C.[N+H4]

Synonyms: Ammonium ethanoate
Linear Formula: CH3CO2NH4
CAS Number: 631-61-8
Molecular Weight: 77.08
EC Number: 211-162-9

CAS number: 631-61-8
EC number: 211-162-9
Grade: ACS,Reag. Ph Eur
Hill Formula: C₂H₇NO₂
Chemical formula: CH₃COONH₄
Molar Mass: 77.08 g/mol
HS Code: 2915 29 00

Properties of Ammonium ethanoate:
Chemical formula: C2H7NO2
Molar mass: 77.083 g·mol−1
Appearance: White solid crystals, deliquescent
Odor: Slightly acetic acid like
Density: 1.17 g/cm3 (20 °C)
1.073 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point: 113 °C (235 °F; 386 K)
Solubility in water: 102 g/100 mL (0 °C)
148 g/100 mL (4 °C)
143 g/100 mL (20 °C)
533 g/100 mL (80 °C)
Solubility: Soluble in alcohol, SO2, acetone, liquid ammonia
Solubility in methanol: 7.89 g/100 mL (15 °C)
131.24 g/100 g (94.2 °C)
Solubility in dimethylformamide: 0.1 g/100 g
Acidity (pKa): 9.9
Basicity (pKb): 33
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -41.1·10−6 cm3/mol
Viscosity: 21

Density: 1.17 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting Point: 114 °C
pH value: 6.7 - 7.3 (50 g/l, H₂O, 25 °C)
Vapor pressure: Bulk density: 410 kg/m3
Solubility: 1480 g/l

Color: Colorless
Density: 1.170 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Form: Solid
Grade: Reagent Grade
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, Strong acids
Melting Point/Range: 113 °C
Purity Percentage: 99.99
Purity Details: ≥99.99%
Solubility in Water: 1.480 g/l (20 °C)
pH-Value: 6.7-7.3 (20 °C)
Storage Temperature: Ambient

Molecular Weight: 77.08 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 77.047678466 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 77.047678466 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 41.1Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 5
Complexity: 25.5
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Ammonium ethanoate:
Assay (acidimetric): ≥ 98.0 %
Insoluble matter: ≤ 0.005 %
pH-value (5 %; water, 25 °C): 6.7 - 7.3
Chloride (Cl): ≤ 0.0005 %
Nitrate (NO₃): ≤ 0.001 %
Sulfate (SO₄): ≤ 0.001 %
Heavy metals (as Pb): ≤ 0.0002 %
Ca (Calcium): ≤ 0.001 %
Fe (Iron): ≤ 0.0002 %
Substances reducing potassium permanganate (as formic acid): ≤ 0.005 %
Residue on ignition (as sulfate): ≤ 0.01 %
Water: ≤ 2.0 %

Appearance of Ammonium ethanoate: complying
Identity (IR): complying
Assay: Min. 97.0 %
pH (5 %, 25 °C): 6.7 - 7.3
Sulfated ash: Max. 0.01 %
Water insoluble matter: Max. 0.005 %
Metal trace analysis (ICP): Max. 100 ppm
Iron (Fe): Max. 5 ppm
Heavy metals (as Pb): Max. 5 ppm
Chloride (Cl): Max. 5 ppm
Nitrate (NO3): Max. 0.001 %
Sulfate (SO4): Max. 0.001 %

Structure of Ammonium ethanoate:
Crystal structure: Orthorhombic

Thermochemistry of Ammonium ethanoate:
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −615 kJ/mol[2]

Related Products of Ammonium ethanoate:
Diphenyltin Dichloride
Dipotassium Hydrogen Phosphite
1,​1'-​Diisooctyl Ester 2,​2'-​[(Dioctylstannylene)​bis(thio)​]​bis-acetic Acid (Technical Grade)
Diphenylsilane-D2
4-ethynyl-α,α-diphenyl-Benzenemethanol

Names of Ammonium ethanoate:

Regulatory process names:
Ammonium acetate
Ammonium acetate
ammonium acetate

IUPAC names:
acetic acid ammonium salt
Acetic acid, ammonium salt
Acetic Acid, Ammonium Salt, Ammonium ethanoate
Acetic acid; azane
acetic acid; azane
AMMONIUM ACETATE
Ammonium Acetate
Ammonium acetate
ammonium acetate
Ammonium Acetate
Ammonium acetate
Ammonium ethanoate
azanium acetate
azanium;acetate

Trade names:
AMMONIUM ACETATE
Ammonium Acetate

Other identifiers:
1066-32-6
631-61-8
8013-61-4
856326-79-9
858824-31-4
92206-38-7

Synonyms of Ammonium ethanoate:
AMMONIUM ACETATE
631-61-8
Acetic acid, ammonium salt
Azanium Acetate
acetic acid ammonium salt
ammoniumacetate
azanium;acetate
ammonium ethanoate
AcONH4
Ammonium acetate-D3
CH3COONH4
CH3CO2NH4
UNII-RRE756S6Q2
HSDB 556
RRE756S6Q2
NH4OAc
AMMONIUM ACETICUM
EINECS 211-162-9
AI3-26540
INS No. 264
DTXSID5023873
CHEBI:62947
EC 211-162-9
ammonia acetate
MFCD00013066
E264
E 264
E-264
AMMONIUM ACETATE (II)
AMMONIUM ACETATE [II]
AMMONIUM ACETATE (MART.)
AMMONIUM ACETATE [MART.]
amoniumacetate
ammonium-acetate
acetic acid amine
ammonium acetate-
ammonia acetate salt
Ammonium Acetate ACS
AAT (CHRIS Code)
AMMONIUM ACETATE [MI]
Ammonium acetate solution, 5M
C2H4O2.H3N
DTXCID203873
AMMONIUM ACETATE [HSDB]
AMMONIUM ACETATE [INCI]
AMMONIUM ACETICUM [HPUS]
AMMONIUM ACETATE [WHO-DD]
USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Acetic acid ammonium salt (1:1)
Ammonium acetate, biochemical grade
C2-H4-O2.H3-N
Acetic acid, ammonium salt (1:1)
NA9079
AKOS015904610
FT-0622306
EN300-31599
211-162-9 [EINECS]
631-61-8 [RN]
Acétate d'ammonium [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Acetic acid, ammonium salt [ACD/Index Name]
Ammonium acetate [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki]
ammonium ethanoate
Ammoniumacetat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
MFCD00013066 [MDL number]
NH4OAc [Formula]
211-162-9MFCD00013066
acetic acid amine
acetic acid ammoniate
AcONH4
ammonia acetate
Ammonium acetatemissing
ammoniumacetate
azanium acetate
azanium and acetate
azanium ethanoate
buffers
E 264
E264
E-264
INS No. 264
OmniPur Ammonium Acetate - CAS 631-61-8 - Calbiochem
OmniPur(R) Ammonium Acetate
AMMONIUM HEPTAMOLYBDATE
AMMONIUM LACTATE, N° CAS : 515-98-0, E328, Nom INCI : AMMONIUM LACTATE, Nom chimique : Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ammonium salt, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 208-214-8; Compatible Bio, Ses fonctions (INCI): Régulateur de pH : Stabilise le pH des cosmétiques, Humectant : Maintient la teneur en eau d'un cosmétique dans son emballage et sur la peau Kératolytique : Décolle et élimine les cellules mortes de la couche cornée de l'apiderme. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état. Amlactin; Ammonium lactate; Kerasal AL; Lac-Hydrin; Laclotion; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ammonium salt; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monoammonium salt. Ammonium lactate; Molecular FormulaC3H9NO3; Average mass107.108 Da; 208-214-8 [EINECS]; 2-Hydroxypropanoate d'ammonium [French] ; 515-98-0 [RN], Ammonium 2-hydroxypropanoate ; Ammonium lactate [USAN] ; Ammonium-2-hydroxypropanoat [German] ; E328; MFCD00036411; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ammonium salt ; [515-98-0]; 2501-35-1 [RN]; 2-HYDROXYPROPANOIC ACID AMINE; 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid monoammonium salt; 2-Hydroxypropanoicacidmonoammoniumsalt; Amlactin; ammonia lactate; Ammonium (±)-lactate; Ammonium (±)-lactate; Lactic acid ammonium salt; Ammonium L-lactate; Ammonium L-lactate solution; ammoniumlactate; azanium;2-hydroxypropanoate; BMS-186091; DL-LACTIC ACID, AMMONIUM SALT; LacHydrin; Lac-Hydrin [] laclotion; lactato de amônio [Portuguese]; Lactic acid ammonium salt; Pharmakon; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monoammonium salt
AMMONIUM LACTATE
AMMONIUM LAURETH SULFATE, N° CAS : 32612-48-9 / 67762-19-0, Nom INCI : AMMONIUM LAURETH SULFATE, Classification : Sulfate, Composé éthoxylé Ses fonctions (INCI): Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre, Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide. Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation. 2-(Dodecyloxy)ethyl hydrogen sulfate; 2-(Dodecyloxy)ethylhydrogensulfat [German] ; Ethanol, 2-(dodecyloxy)-, hydrogen sulfate ; Hydrogénosulfate de 2-(dodécyloxy)éthyle [French] ; (Oxyethylene)lauryl sulfate; 2-(DODECYLOXY)ETHOXYSULFONIC ACID; 2-Dodecyloxyethyl hydrogen sulfate; C12-AE1S (TENTATIVE); Dodecyl alcohol, ethoxylated, monoether with sulfuric acid; Dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfuric acid; Ammonium Laureth Sulfate. Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-sulfo-ω-(dodecyloxy)-, ammonium salt; alpha-Sulfo-omega-(dodecyloxy)-poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), Ammonium salt; Ammonium Laureth Sulfate; Ammonium Laureth Sulfate (INCI); Ammonium Laureth Sulfate ethoxylated 3EO; Ammonium lauryl; ammonium lauryl ether sulfate; Ammonium lauryl ether sulfate 3EO; azane; 2-dodecoxyethyl hydrogen sulfate; C12-C14 fatty alcohol(3EO)ether sulphate, NH4-salt; dodecanol, ethoxylated (3EO), monoether with sulphuric acid; Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-sulfo-.omega.-(dodecyloxy)-, ammonium salt (1:1); Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-sulpho-.omega.-(dodecyloxy)-, ammonium salt (3 EO); Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl),.alfa.-sulfo-.omega.-(dodecyloxy)-, ammonium salt. Noms français : Sulfate de laureth-5 et d'ammonium Époxysulfate de lauryle et d'ammonium Noms anglais : AMMONIUM (LAURYLOXYPOLYETHOXY)ETHYL SULFATE Ammonium laureth sulfate AMMONIUM LAURETH-12 SULFATE AMMONIUM LAURETH-5 SULFATE AMMONIUM LAURYL POLYETHOXY ETHER SULFATE AMMONIUM POLYOXYETHYLENE (5) LAURYL ETHER SULFATE AMMONIUM-7 SULFATE DODECYL ALCOHOL, ETHOXYLATED AND SULFATED, AMMONIUM SALT LAURETH-5 SULFATE D'AMMONIUM POLY(OXY-1,2-ETHANEDIYL), .ALPHA.-SULFO-.OMEGA.-(DODECYLOXY)-, AMMONIUM SALT POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONODODECYL ETHER HYDROGEN SULFATE AMMONIUM SALT Utilisation et sources d'émission Fabrication de shampooing et agent nettoyant
AMMONIUM LAURETH SULFATE ( ALES)
AMMONIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE, N° CAS : 68003-46-3, Nom INCI : AMMONIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE, Nom chimique : Ammonium N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycinate; N° EINECS/ELINCS : 268-130-2. Ses fonctions (INCI): Antistatique : Réduit l'électricité statique en neutralisant la charge électrique sur une surface. Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre. Agent moussant : Capture des petites bulles d'air ou d'autres gaz dans un petit volume de liquide en modifiant la tension superficielle du liquide. Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance. Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation. Ammonium [dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate Ammonium lauroyl sarcosinate Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)-, ammonium salt N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycinammoniat (1:1) [German] N-Dodecanoyl-N-methylglycine ammoniate (1:1) N-Dodecanoyl-N-méthylglycine, ammoniate (1:1) [French] 97-78-9 [RN] ammonium 2-(dodecanoyl-methyl-amino)acetate ammonium 2-(lauroyl-methyl-amino)acetate ammonium 2-(methyl-(1-oxododecyl)amino)acetate AMMONIUM 2-(N-METHYLDODECANAMIDO)ACETATE Ammonium N-lauroyl sarcosinate ammonium N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycinate azanium 2-(dodecanoyl-methylamino)acetate azanium 2-(dodecanoyl-methyl-amino)ethanoate Lauroyl sarcosine, ammonium salt N-Methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycine, ammonium salt; Ammonium N-methyl-N-(1-oxododecyl)glycinate; ammonium 2-(N-methyldodecanamido)acetate; ammonium [dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetate; Ammonium lauroyl sarcosinate; ammonium [dodecanoyl(methyl)amino]acetat
AMMONIUM LAUROYL SARCOSINATE
ammonıum lauryl ether sulfate; Ammonium Diethylene glycol Lauryl Ether Sulfate; Ammonium Laureth Sulfate; Alpha-sulfo-omega-(Dodecyloxy)-Poly(Oxy- 1,2- ethanediyl) Ammonium Salt; cas no: 32612-48-9
ammonıum lauryl ether sulfate
Ammonium Diethylene glycol Lauryl Ether Sulfate; Ammonium Laureth Sulfate; Alpha-sulfo-omega-(Dodecyloxy)-Poly(Oxy- 1,2- ethanediyl) Ammonium Salt; POE(1);AMMONIUMLAURETHSULPHATE;AMMONIUM LAURETH SULFATE;AMMONIUM LAURETH-9 SULFATE;AMMONIUM LAURETH-7 SULFATE;AMMONIUM LAURETH-5 SULFATE;AMMONIUM LAURETH-12 SULFATE;AMMONIUMLAURYLETHERSULPHATE;ammonia lauryl ether sulfate;Sodiumlaurylmonoethersulfate CAS NO:32612-48-9
AMMONIUM LAURYL ETHER SULPHATE ( ALES )
SYNONYMS Ammonium dodecyl sulfate;Sulfuric acid, monododecyl ester, ammonium salt; Dodecyl ester of sulfuric acid, ammonium salt; Dodecyl sulfate ammonium salt; Ammoniumdodecylsulfat (German); Sulfato de amonio y dodecilo (Spanish); Sulfate d'ammonium et de dodécyle (French); CAS NO:2235-54-3
AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Nom INCI : AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE, Nom chimique : Ammonium dodecyl sulphate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 218-793-9, Nom UICPA: Ammonium dodecyl sulfate, Synonymes : Sulfuric acid, monododecyl ester, ammonium salt, Ammonium dodecyl sulfate, Ammonium n-dodecyl sulfate, Lauryl ammonium sulfate, No CAS 2235-54-3. Le laurylsulfate d'ammonium ou ALS est un tensioactif anionique. Il est donc très utilisé dans les gels douches et shampoings. Il semblerait qu'il soit un peu moins irritant que son faux frère le SLS (Sodium Lauryl Sulfate). Il est autorisé en bio. Le laurylsulfate d'ammonium ou sulfate de lauryle ammonium (SLA), en anglais ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS), est une dénomination générique désignant une famille de molécules (les alkylsulfates ou sulfates alkylés], de formule semi-développée CH3(CH2)10CH2OSO3NH4, appartenant à 3 classes d'organosulfates structurellement proches d'autres agents de surface anioniques. Ammonium dodecyl sulfate (« dodécyl » signifie que la molécule comporte une chaîne de 12 atomes de carbone, qui constitue son squelette) ; en français, dodécylsulfate d'ammonium ; Additif alimentaire E487. Cependant, il ne faut pas les confondre avec : le laurylsulfate de sodium ou SLS, à base d'hydroxyde de sodium, qui est beaucoup plus irritant que le SLA ; les laureth sulfates ou lauryl éther sulfates, dont le laureth sulfate de sodium ou LES et le laureth sulfate d'ammonium (une famille de molécules proches) ; le sulfate d'ammonium (engrais). Ammonium dodecyl sulphate; Ammonium laurylsulphate; ammonium dodecyl sulfate; Ammonium lauryl sulfate; Azanium dodecyl sulfate; azanium;dodecyl sulfateFonctions et usages: À des doses variées, les SLA ont de très nombreux usages, par exemple : comme dénaturant (par son goût, il évite que les enfants avalent le shampoing ou dentifrice) ; comme tensioactif utilisé pour le dégraissage et le traitement de métaux ; comme agent de préparation - en analyse médicale ou vétérinaire - de certains échantillons de sang pour y dénombrer les globules rouges, avant séparation par électrophorèse ; comme agent surfactant et dispersant - en chimie analytique, en alternative au dodécylsulfate de sodium - pour, par exemple, estimer le poids moléculaire des protéines, la préparation d'un échantillon pour mesurer sa teneur en fibres alimentaires, pour caractériser des composés d'ammonium quaternaire ; comme agent facilitant la galvanoplastie (dépôt de nickel et zinc) ; comme émulsifiant utilisé pour faciliter certaines réactions de polymérisation ; comme agent mouillant ou dispersant dans certaines préparations médicales ; comme détergent-dégraissant dans de nombreux produits industriels ; comme agent modifiant la viscosité ou microviscosité de certaines solutions ; comme agent facilitant la miscibilité de fluorocarbones (ignifugeant) dans des hydrocarbures en phase liquide ; comme inhibiteur de corrosion dans l'électronique (microélectronique et semi-conducteurs), comme alternative moins nuisible pour l'environnement que le benzotriazole ; Comme agent antistatique pour des tissus hydrophobes ; comme additif alimentaire (E487) en tant que tensioactif et agent dispersant, favorisant par exemple le fouettage de certains aliments (œuf reconstitué à partir d'œuf en poudre) ; comme agent moussant, mouillant, agent dispersant et détergent dans de nombreux produits de soins corporels, dont gels-douche, shampooings, crèmes hydratantes, crèmes à raser, dentifrices etc. y compris dans certaines gammes dites "bio" On le trouve principalement dans les formules de bases lavantes et d'agent moussant détergent pour le corps et les cheveux, et secondairement comme émulsifiant et solubilisant dans certaines crèmes de douche et shampooings dits "hydratants" (contenant une phase grasse limitant la perte d'eau par la peau) ; comme émulsifiant, surfactant (agent mouillant) et adjuvant de certains pesticides (insecticides...) comme émulsifiant et pénétrant (dans les vernis et dissolvants à peinture) ; comme agent anti-mousse en propergols solides ;
AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is an anionic surfactant.
Ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS) is the common name for ammonium dodecyl sulfate (CH3(CH2)10CH2OSO3NH4).
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is a yellow viscous liquid.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is an ammonium salt of lauryl sulfate.


CAS Number: 2235-54-3
EC Number: 218-793-9
Linear Formula: CH3(CH2)11OSO3NH4
Chemical formula: C12H29NO4S


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is an organic compound that belongs to the family of alkyl sulfates.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is a clear, colorless or pale yellow liquid that is commonly used as a foaming agent and surfactant in many personal care and cleaning products.


Although Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is similar to sodium lauryl sulfate, it has a different molecular structure.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate doesn’t penetrate the skin as easily, so it is considered less irritating.
You may want to know more and understand these chemicals so that you can decide which one is best for your hair.


The primary goal of Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is to clean your hair.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate’s a sulfate that allows your shampoo to lather.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate attracts both water and oil, meaning it’s able to lift dirt, oils, and more from your hair and allowing it to be easily rinsed away.


When you use shampoo that is formulated with this ingredient, you will finish your shower with your hair feeling soft and clean.
Ammonium lauryl sulfate is a surfactant, which means that it disrupts the surface tension of substances.
In this case, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate releases dirt, pollution, product buildup, oils, dead skin cells, and more from your hair to leave it clean.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is also an inexpensive ingredient for manufacturers to use, which means that you pay less for shampoo.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate has been found safe for people to use, unless you have an allergy or skin sensitivity.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is anionic surfactant that offers rich and fine foam as well as biodegradability.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate improves the combability and smoothness of the hair.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate's mild cleansing performance imparts smoothness to skin.
When Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is combined with ALES, the effect will be enhanced.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is not applicable in alkaline system.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is a 100% natural alternative to SLES.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate has excellent detergent and foaming properties, while remaining totally biodegradable.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is a fairly aggressive agent but normally well tolerated when mitigated with other softening co-surfactant.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate generates a rich and creamy foam.
This is a 28% aqueous solution.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is derived from lauryl alcohol, which is obtained from coconut oil or palm kernel oil, and sulfuric acid.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is a strong surfactant, which means that it is able to penetrate and break down the surface tension of oils and other substances, allowing them to be more easily washed away.


Despite its potential for irritation, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is generally considered to be safe for use in personal care products when used according to recommended guidelines and in appropriate concentrations.
The chemical formula for Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is C12H29NO4S, which represents the molecular formula of the compound.


Instead, hand sanitizers typically contain alcohol or other antimicrobial agents that kill bacteria and viruses without the need for a foaming agent.
When used in appropriate concentrations and according to recommended guidelines, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is generally considered to be safe for use in personal care products.


The molecule consists of a long nonpolar hydrocarbon chain and a polar sulfate end group, the combination of which make the material a surfactant.
These two components allow the compound to dissolve among both polar and non-polar molecules.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is classified as an alkyl sulfate and is an anionic surfactant found primarily in shampoos and body-wash as a foaming agent.


Lauryl sulfates are very high-foam surfactants that disrupt the surface tension of water in part by forming micelles around the highly polar water molecules at the surface-air interface.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is an Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate derived from fatty alcohol.


Ammonium lauryl sulfate appears as light yellow liquid.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate may float or sink and mix with water.
While related, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is not the same as ammonium laureth sulphate (ALES) which works in a similar manner but has additional ‘ether’ groups in the fatty end of the molecule.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate, also known as ALS is a commonly used fat based molecule.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is usually made from coconut or palm kernel oil.
The fat molecules in the oil are broken down and then reacted to produce something called a ‘surfactant’ – a compound that is often used in detergents, emulsifiers (stabiliser), foaming agent and dispersant.


This makes Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate possible to design particle size including acrylic, styrene-acrylic or VaE dispersions.
Also, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is an indirect food additive based on lists published by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is the common name for ammonium dodecyl sulfate (CH3(CH2)10CH2OSO3NH4).


The anion consists of a nonpolar hydrocarbon chain and a polar sulfate end group.
The combination of nonpolar and polar groups confers surfactant properties to the anion: Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate facilitates dissolution of both polar and non-polar materials.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is classified as a sulfate ester.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is primarily used in shampoos and body-wash as a foaming agent.
Lauryl sulfates are very high-foam surfactants that disrupt the surface tension of water in part by forming micelles at the surface-air interface.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is the common name for ammonium dodecyl sulfate (CH3(CH2)10CH2OSO3NH4).
The dodecyl signifies the presence of a 12-member carbon chain in the molecular backbone which allows the molecule to bond with non-polar portions of molecules while the highly polar sulfate head allows the molecule to bond with polar molecules such as water.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is a common surfactant found in many cosmetics and personal care products.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is typically produced by reacting lauryl alcohol with sulfur trioxide gas to form lauryl sulfate, which is then neutralized with ammonium hydroxide to create Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate.


This process results in a versatile surfactant widely used in cosmetics for its excellent cleansing and foaming properties.
Lauryl sulfates are very high-foam surfactants that disrupt the surface tension of water by forming micelles around the polar water molecules.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is a pretty common cleansing agent that can be derived from coconut or palm kernel oil.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate's liked for its great foaming abilities and can help to create a creamy and luxurious lather in bath products.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is chemically closely related to known-for-its -harshness SLS, but the Ammonium part makes it milder.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate yields high foam and excellent viscosity response, with good detergency and mildness.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate exhibits a good synergism with Betaines and offers many formulating possibilities.
Buffering in the pH range of 4 to 7 is recommended.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is classified as an alkyl sulfate and is an anionic surfactant found primarily in shampoos and body-wash as a foaming agent.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is used Shampoos, bubble baths, shower gels, feminine washes and no rinse products.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is also biodegradable and does not accumulate in the environment, making it a more sustainable choice for cleaning and personal care applications.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is commonly used in shampoos, body washes, and other personal care products to create a lathering effect and to help remove dirt, oil, and other impurities from the skin and hair.
Typical use level of Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is 1-20%.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate can add to water phase of formulas.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is used for external use only.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is used High grade shampoo, bubble bath, baby shampoo, hand washing, and other foaming washing products.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is used as a foaming agent in toothpaste, foaming and washing ingredients in shampoos, shampoos, foam baths, and household detergents and industrial cleaning products such as carpets and fine fabrics.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is also used in cosmetics, textiles, metal processing, In printing and dyeing industries.


The combination of Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate and ammonium laureth sulfate products can produce excellent synergistic effects, such as dense and rich foam, extremely mild feeling, and excellent thickening performance.
Properties of Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate: Gel-like paste, slight characteristic odor


Performance of Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate: soluble in water, with wetting, decontamination, foaming, dispersibility, low degreasing power and emulsifying properties, low irritation, no damage, and easy biodegradation.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is used fabric, textile, and leather products not covered elsewhere


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate can be used in a variety of detergent and personal care formulations.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate can be used in systems that require an excellent viscosity response and are sensitive to the presence of hydrotrope.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is an excellent choice for gel products.


In addition, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate will generate generous foam and is compatible with Alkanolamides and amphoterics.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is a surfactant with emulsifying capabilities. given its detergent properties, at mild acidic pH levels it can be used as an anionic surfactant cleanser.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is considered one of the most irritating surfactants, causing dryness and skin redness.
Today, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is either combined with anti-irritant ingredients to reduce sensitivity or replaced with a less irritating but similar surfactant, such as ammonium laureth sulfate.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is often used in place of irritating detergents such as SLS (Sodium Lauryl Sulphate).
But Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate can also irritate the skin and mucous membranes, so it is most often used in combination with other substances that counterbalance their effects.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is often found in hygiene products like cleansers, shampoos and soaps and is popular due to it wide variety of uses and its relatively cheap cost.
In both shampoos and toothpaste, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate can be responsible for the foaming and lather produced during use as it forms a thin film that traps air into bubbles.


Sodium lauryl sulfate and Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate are widely used surfactant in shampoos, bath products, hair colorings, facial makeup, deodorants, perfumes, and shaving preparations; however, they can also be found in other product formulations.
Because Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is much less irritating compared to a popular surfactant, Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS), it is a good substitute for this ingredient, for example in dishwashing detergents and other household detergents.


As a washing component, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is also included in detergents for industrial applications such as motor vehicle cleaning and maintenance.
In the construction industry, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is used in weight-reducing agents and air-entraining/plasticizing additives for gypsum boards.
In the chemical industry, especially in emulsion polymerization processes, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate provides excellent stabilization of the polymer dispersion at lower pH ranges.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is considered safe for cosmetic use when used in appropriate concentrations.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is an ideal surfactant for use in acidic shampoos and other personal care formulations such as hand soaps and bath products.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate can also be used in many detergent applications.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate has an excellent viscosity response when formulated correctly with alkanolamides and amphoterics, and it generates large quantities of foam.
Since it is a high foaming product, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate can be used in rug and upholstery shampoos.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate will give off an ammonia odor when the pH is alkaline.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate plays a crucial role in these formulations by reducing the surface tension between different substances, allowing them to mix effectively.


The chemical formula of Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is C12HNO4S, and it is derived from lauryl alcohol, making it plant-derived in some cases.
This versatile ingredient helps create luxurious lather, enhancing the cleansing and foaming properties of shampoos, body washes, and facial cleansers, providing a pleasant and refreshing experience.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate finds extensive use in various cosmetic products, particularly in shampoos and hair care items.
Its exceptional surfactant properties allow it to effectively remove dirt, excess oil, and impurities from the hair and scalp, leaving a clean and refreshed feeling.


Moreover, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate creates a rich lather, enhancing the overall shampooing experience.
This ingredient's versatility extends beyond hair care, as it can also be found in certain skin care products, where it aids in creating cleansing and foaming properties.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulphate is often used as a primary (main) surfactant in high foaming, cost effective bubble baths, cleansers and shampoos.
Being highly effective Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is also used in household cleaning solutions where grease and dirt removal is paramount.
Formulating tips: Like most surfactants this is heat tolerant.


This can be blended with non-ionic or amphoteric surfactants for improved performance and mildness on the skin and hair.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is a milder alternative to Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and can be thickened with salt.
Ammonium lauryl sulfate or ALS is an anionic surfactant.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is therefore widely used in shower gels and shampoos.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate seems to be a little less irritating than its fake brother SLS (Sodium Lauryl Sulfate).
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is authorized in organic.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate can be derived from coconut and is used primarily as a detergent cleansing agent.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is considered to be gentle and effective.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is an anionic surfactant.


This means Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate lowers the surface tension of water, making the water spread more easily.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is added to products as a foaming agent and as a detergent.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate must be used in a low-pH shampoo or shower gel since high-pH systems smell of ammonia.


Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is typically used at 20-35%.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is designed for low-pH shampoos, bath products, and cleansers requiring dense, rich foam, low color, and low odor.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is used high foaming agent for shampoos and defoaming agent, for synthetic rubbers, and for emulsifier of emulsion polymerization.


-Cosmetic Uses of Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate:
*cleansing agents
*foaming agents
*surfactants



WHAT DOES AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Cleansing
*Foaming
*Surfactant



APPLICATIONS OF AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS:
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate has a chemical structure as it is classified as a member of a large group of compounds called surfactants.
Surfactant particles surround the dirt, allowing its particles to separate from the cleaned surface and then rinsed with water.
In addition, the good foaming properties of this compound increase the cleansing effect and the feeling of freshness after application (Ammonium Lauryl
Sulphate deeply cleanses and degreases the skin and hair surface ).
The cleaning properties of Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate are directly related to its ability to produce large amounts of stable foam.
Its ability to produce dense and stable foam allows to obtain fine and evenly dispersed air bubbles .

Foam is a system in which air (or other gas) is dispersed in a liquid. Pure liquids do not have foaming properties, but foam formation is observed after the addition of surfactants in such systems.
The foaming capacity of Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is highly dependent on its concentration, the pH of the solution, and the hardness of the water.
More importantly, the good cleansing and foaming properties of this compound are maintained even in the presence of excessive sebum.



FUNCTIONS OF AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
*Cleaning agent:
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate helps keep a surface clean
*Foaming agent:
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate captures small bubbles of air or other gases in a small volume of liquid by changing the surface tension of the liquid
*Surfactant:
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate reduces the surface tension of cosmetics and contributes to the even distribution of the product during use



WHY IS AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE USED IN COSMETIC AND PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS?
Sodium lauryl sulfate and ammonium lauryl sulfate are surfactant that help with the mixing of oil and water.
As such, they can clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away or suspend poorly soluble ingredients in water.

Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is another surfactant found in most cosmetic products.
Due to its very good cleansing and foaming properties, as well as a milder effect on the skin and hair (compared to SLS), Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is often chosen for the manufacture of shampoos, shower gels, shaving foams and many other products.



PROPERTIES OF AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is another compound from a large group of surfactants that plays an important role primarily in the cosmetic industry.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate (this is the INCI name of the substance) is an anionic compound belonging to the group of alkyl sulfates.
The chemical name of this surfactant is ammonium lauryl sulfate.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate's CAS number is 90583-11-2 .
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is sensitive to hard water.



HOW DOES AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE WORK?
The key part of this molecule is the ‘lauryl sulphate’ section.
The lauryl sulphate part has one fatty end and one charged end which lets it work as an adapter between oil and water which would otherwise repel each other and refuse to mix.
In the same way that washing up liquid can help water wash grease off a frying pan, detergents in cleansers and soaps can remove make up and oily debris on the face by grabbing it with their fatty end and then getting pulled away by water grabbing their charged end.



WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE AND AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
The main difference between sodium lauryl sulfate and ammonium lauryl sulfate is that sodium lauryl sulfate is less soluble in water, while ammonium lauryl sulfate is more soluble in water.
Sodium lauryl sulfate and ammonium lauryl sulfate are two types of surfactants.

Surfactants are organic compounds that have the ability to lower the surface tension between two different compounds.
They are amphiphilic molecules with a hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head.
The hydrophobic part repels water, while the hydrophilic part attracts water.
The hydrophobic part can either be a fluorocarbon, siloxane, or hydrocarbon, whereas the hydrophilic head is electrically charged positively, negatively, or neutrally.

According to the type of charge in the hydrophobic head, there are four types of surfactants: anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants.
Both sodium lauryl sulfate and ammonium lauryl sulfate fall under the category of anionic surfactants.



HOW TO USE AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
Mix our ammonium lauryl ether sulphate with water in the recommended concentration and stir until a homogeneous mixture is created.
dd other surfactants and enhancing ingredients like essential oils, depending on your product and need, and mix properly.
Add this mixture to the warm base of the product and stir until the desired thickness and texture are obtained.



BENEFITS AND APPLICATIONS OF AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is extremely effective while being delicate and pleasant to the skin.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is a fantastic cleanser and foam booster that will improve the efficacy and texture of your DIY product.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate will give your formulation a rich and creamy texture, as well as thick and fluffy bubbles.

Because Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is natural and organic, it is ideal for people with pH-sensitive skin.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is a fantastic substitute for sulphate products, allowing your formulation to be sulphate-free.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is also effective with hard water.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate may be added to solid or cream goods without boiling the solution.



HOW AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE WORKS:
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate works by removing the dirt and impurities mixed with oils in your skin and hair.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate works by allowing the mixing of these oils with water, which can now be easily rinsed away, hence cleansing the desired area.



CONCENTRATION AND SOLUBILITY OF AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is recommended that it should be used at a concentration of 30% for best results.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is soluble in water and alcohols but insoluble in volatile oils.



WHAT IS AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE IN SHAMPOO?
Ammonium lauryl sulfate is a surfactant (aka a cleansing agent) in shampoo.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate helps your shampoo foam and lather, and it lifts dirt and oils from your hair so the water can rinse it all away.



HOW IS AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE USED IN HAND SOAP OR SANITIZER?
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is commonly used in hand soaps as a foaming agent and surfactant.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate helps to create a rich lather that effectively removes dirt, oil, and other impurities from the skin.



ACTION IN SOLUTION OF AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate, like any other surfactant, makes a good base for cleansers because of the way it disrupts the hydrogen bonding in water.
Hydrogen bonding is the primary contributor to the high surface tension of water.
In solution, the lauryl sulfate anions and the ammonium cations separate.

The former align themselves into what is known as a micelle, in which the ions form a sphere, with the polar heads (the sulfate) on the surface of the sphere and the nonpolar hydrophobic tails pointing inwards towards the center.
The water molecules around the micelle arrange themselves around the polar heads, but this disrupts their hydrogen bonding with the water surrounding them.
The overall effect of having these micelles in an aqueous (water) environment is that the water becomes more able to penetrate things like cloth fibers or hair, and also becomes more readily available to solvate anything coming off the aforementioned substance.



INDICATIONS OF AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
Its versatility and performance make Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate the main primary surfactant for most eco-friendly detergents, especially in natural cosmetics.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate should be mitigated by gentler, softening co-surfactants.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate delivers a high performance even in small doses.
Protect from low temperatures (must be conserved at temperatures of more than 10 degrees), Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate doesn’t perform well in hard water and should not be used in pH formulations higher than 7.5.



AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE vs. SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Ammonium lauryl sulfate and sodium lauryl sulfate are both sulfates that allow shampoo to foam and lather.
They both lift dirt and oils from your hair and scalp so that you feel clean after you finish using them.
Ammonium lauryl sulfate is different because it’s a more complex molecule that’s larger and has a heavier molecular mass.
This makes it more difficult for the Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate molecules to penetrate the outer layers of skin.
As a result, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate causes less irritation than sodium lauryl sulfate.



BENEFITS OF AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE IN SHAMPOO:
The main benefit of using a shampoo with ammonium lauryl sulfate is that it allows you to lather the shampoo to lift dirt and oils from your hair.
The sebum that is made naturally by your scalp binds with pollutants, dirt, dead skin cells, product residue, and more, and this ingredient is what allows the shampoo to lift these items out of your hair and leave your hair clean.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is milder than sodium lauryl sulfate, and it is a larger molecule.
This means that Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate has trouble entering your skin.
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate is less irritating than other sulfates, but you still finish your shower feeling clean.



ACTION IN SOLUTION OF AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
Above the critical micelle concentration, the anions organize into a micelle, in which they form a sphere with the polar, hydrophilic heads of the sulfate portion on the outside (surface) of the sphere and the nonpolar, hydrophobic tails pointing inwards towards the center.
The water molecules around the micelle in turn arrange themselves around the polar heads, which disrupts their ability to hydrogen bond with other nearby water molecules.

The overall effect of these micelles is a reduction in surface tension of the solution, which affords a greater ability to penetrate or "wet out" various surfaces, including porous structures like cloth, fibers, and hair.
Accordingly, this structured solution allows the solution to more readily dissolve soils, greases, etc. in and on such substrates.
Lauryl sulfates however exhibit poor soil suspending capacity.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
Physical state: liquid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: > 110 °C
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 6,8
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available

Water solubility at 20 °C soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 1,02 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Chemical formula: C12H29NO4S
Molar mass: 283.43 g/mol
Appearance: yellowish viscous liquid
Density: 1.02 g/cm3
Boiling point: 418 °C (784 °F; 691 K)

Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 417.00 to 418.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 0.000000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 404.00 °F. TCC ( 206.60 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 5.395 (est)
Soluble in: water, 163.7 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Molecular Weight:283.43
Exact Mass: 283.181732
EC Number: 218-793-9
UNII: Q7AO2R1M0B
DSSTox ID: DTXSID2027462
Color/Form: Clear liquid
HScode: 2923900090

Appearance: clear, viscous liquid,
color: colorless to light yellow,
molar mass: approx. 294 g/mol,
density: approx. 1.0 g/ml,
PSA: 75.8
XLogP3: 5.13140
Appearance: Ammonium lauryl sulfate appears as light yellow liquid.
May float or sink and mix with water.
Density: 0.994720 g/cm3 @ Temp: 35 °C
Boiling Point: 417.9ºC at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 110 °C
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.37
Storage Conditions: Keep in a cool, dry, dark location in a tightly sealed container or cylinder.
Air and Water Reactions: Water soluble.

Molecular Weight:283.43
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:4
Rotatable Bond Count:11
Exact Mass:283.18172958
Monoisotopic Mass:283.18172958
Topological Polar Surface Area:75.8
Heavy Atom Count:18
Complexity:230
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:2
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes
CAS Number: 2235-54-3
Chemical formula: C12H29NO4S
Molar mass: 283.43 g/mol
Appearance: yellowish viscous liquid
Density: 1.02 g/cm3
Boiling point: 418 °C (784 °F; 691 K)



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: 15 - 25 °C



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Monododecyl ester ammonium salt
Ammonium dodecyl sulfate
Ammonium lauryl sulfate
Ammonium dodecyl sulfate
Dodecyl sulfate ammonium salt
Ammonium dodecyl sulfate
monododecyl ester, ammonium salt
Ammonium dodecyl sulfate
Ammonium dodecyl sulphate
Ammonium dodecyl sulfate, Monododecyl ester, Ammonium salt
Sulfuric acid,monododecyl ester,ammonium salt (1:1)
Sulfuric acid,monododecyl ester,ammonium salt
Ammonium dodecyl sulfate
Ammonium lauryl sulfate
Dodecyl ammonium sulfate
Lauryl sulfate ammonium salt
Presulin
Sinopon
Neopon Lam
Lauryl ammonium sulfate
Maprofix NH
Akyposal ALS 33
Montopol LA 20
Ammonium n-dodecyl sulfate
Conco Sulfate A
Richonol AM
Siprol L 22
Texapon A 400
Texapon Special
Sterling AM
Sipon LA 30
Sipon L 22
Emersol 6430
Avirol 200
Emal AD
Emal A
Texapon ALS
Emal AD 25
Standapol A
Cycloryl MA
Stepanol AM
Maprofix MH
Standapol ALS
Emal AD 25R
Stepanol AM-V
Cedepon LA 30LV
Rhodapon L 22
Polystep B 7
Empicol AL 30
Serdet DFN 30
Texapon A
Rhodapon L 22C
K 12A
Empicol AL 70A2
Texapon ALS-IS
Latemul AD 25
Sulfochem ALS
Texapon ALS Benz
Sulfochem ALS-K
Texapon ALS 70
Stepanol ALS 2
Starfroth HG 3
K 12A25
Texapon ALSIS T
Stepanol AM 30KE
Steponol AM 30-KE
AD 25
Sulfetal LA-B-E
142-32-5
244066-72-6
1370724-70-1

AMMONIUM LAURYL SULFATE ( Lauryl sulfate d’ammonium)
Synonyms. Ammonium molybdate; Ammonium heptamolybdate; Ammonium molybdate (VI); Ammonium paramolybdate; Hexammonium heptamolybdat; Hexammonium tetracosaoxoheptamolybdate; Molybdic acid hexaammonium salt; cas :12027-67-7 (anhydrous), 12054-85-2 (heptahydrate)
AMMONIUM MOLYBDATE
; AMMONIUM MOLYBDATE, N° CAS : 12054-85-2. o CAS 12027-67-7 (anhydre); 12054-85-2 (tétrahydrate). Noms français : ACIDE HEPTAMOLYBDIQUE (H6Mo7O28), SEL HEXAAMMONIACALE TETRAHYDRATE; ACIDE MOLYBDIQUE (H6Mo7O28), SEL HEXAAMMONIACALE TETRAHYDRATE; HEPTAMOLYBDATE D'AMMONIUM TETRAHYDRATE; Heptamolybdate d'ammonium tétrahydraté; HEPTAMOLYBDATE D'HEXAAMMONIUM TETRAHYDRATE; MOLYBDATE D'AMMONIUM TETRAHYDRATE ((NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O); PARAMOLYBDATE D'AMMONIUM TETRAHYDRATE. Ammonium molybdate(VI); Ammonium Molybdate; Ammonium molybdate (VI); diammonium dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum. Noms anglais : Ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate; AMMONIUM MOLYBDATE TETRAHYDRATE ((NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O); AMMONIUM PARAMOLYBDATE TETRAHYDRATE; HEXAAMMONIUM HEPTAMOLYBDATE TETRAHYDRATE; MOLYBDATE D'HEXAAMMONIUM TETRAHYDRATE; MOLYBDIC ACID, HEXAAMONIUM SALT, TETRAHYDRATE Utilisation: Fabrication de céramiques, agent de dosage analytiqueNom INCI : AMMONIUM MOLYBDATE. Nom chimique : Molybdate (Mo7O24(sup 6-)), hexaammonium, tetrahydrate. Ses fonctions (INCI): Régulateur de pH : Stabilise le pH des cosmétiques. Noms français : ACIDE HEPTAMOLYBDIQUE (H6Mo7O28), SEL HEXAAMMONIACALE TETRAHYDRATE ACIDE MOLYBDIQUE (H6Mo7O28), SEL HEXAAMMONIACALE TETRAHYDRATE HEPTAMOLYBDATE D'AMMONIUM TETRAHYDRATE Heptamolybdate d'ammonium tétrahydraté HEPTAMOLYBDATE D'HEXAAMMONIUM TETRAHYDRATE MOLYBDATE D'AMMONIUM TETRAHYDRATE ((NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O) PARAMOLYBDATE D'AMMONIUM TETRAHYDRATE Noms anglais : Ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate AMMONIUM MOLYBDATE TETRAHYDRATE ((NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O) AMMONIUM PARAMOLYBDATE TETRAHYDRATE HEXAAMMONIUM HEPTAMOLYBDATE TETRAHYDRATE MOLYBDATE D'HEXAAMMONIUM TETRAHYDRATE MOLYBDIC ACID, HEXAAMONIUM SALT, TETRAHYDRATE Utilisation et sources d'émission Fabrication de céramiques, agent de dosage analytique
AMMONIUM NITRATE
CAS number: 6484-52-2
Molecular Formula: NH4NO3 or H4N2O3
Molecular Weight: 80.044
Density: 1.72 at 68 °F, 1.7 g/cm³

Ammonium nitrate is commonly used as a fertiliser and to produce explosives for mining industry.
Ammonium nitrate is an odourless material, which is usually granulated (if a fertiliser), and white in appearance.
Because of ammonium nitrate’s high volume of nitrogen, it is great for nitrate fertilizer.
Ammonium nitrate is the ammonium salt of nitric acid.
Ammonium nitrate has a role as a fertilizer, an explosive and an oxidising agent.
Ammonium nitrate is an inorganic molecular entity, an ammonium salt and an inorganic nitrate salt.

Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound widely used in farming as fertilizer.
Ammonium nitrate is normally spread as small pellets and dissolves quickly in moisture, releasing nitrogen into the soil.
Ammonium nitrate is typically sold in pellets, also known as prills, and is a commonly used fertiliser in the agricultural industry and explosive in the mining industry.
Ammonium nitrate is produced by neutralising nitric acid with ammonia, and was first discovered by a German chemist in 1659.
Ammonium nitrate itself is not an explosive but requires a combustible material to be present for it to explode.

Advantages:
-Best source of quick-release nitrogen
-Balanced nitrogen nutrition provided by nitrate and ammonium forms of nitrogen
-Effective for a wide range of crops
-Increases the protein and oil content in farmed

Ammonium nitrate is commercially available both as a colorless crystalline solid and processed into prills for specific applications.
Soluble in water.
Does not readily burn but will do so if contaminated with combustible material.
Ammonium nitrate is used to make fertilizers and explosives, and as a nutrient in producing antibiotics and yeast.

Ammonium nitrate based fertilizers appears as a grayish white solid in the form of prills.
Soluble in water.
Ammonium nitrate produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.
Ammonium nitrate liquid is the white crystals dissolved in water.
Though the material itself is noncombustible Ammonium nitrate will accelerate the burning of combustible materials.
Ammonium nitrate is used to make fertilizers and explosives.

Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula NH4NO3.
Ammonium nitrate is a white crystalline solid consisting of ions of ammonium and nitrate.
Ammonium nitrate is highly soluble in water and hygroscopic as a solid, although it does not form hydrates.
Ammonium nitrate is predominantly used in agriculture as a high-nitrogen fertilizer.
Global production was estimated at 21.6 million tonnes in 2017.
Ammonium nitrates other major use is as a component of explosive mixtures used in mining, quarrying, and civil construction.
Ammonium nitrate is the major constituent of ANFO, a popular industrial explosive which accounts for 80% of explosives used in North America; similar formulations have been used in improvised explosive devices.

Ammonium nitrate is found as the natural mineral gwihabaite (formerly known as nitrammite) – the ammonium analogue of saltpetre (mineralogial name: niter) – in the driest regions of the Atacama Desert in Chile, often as a crust on the ground or in conjunction with other nitrate, iodate, and halide minerals.
Ammonium nitrate was mined there until the Haber–Bosch process made it possible to synthesize nitrates from atmospheric nitrogen, thus rendering nitrate mining obsolete.
Ammonium nitrate, (NH4NO3), a salt of ammonia and nitric acid, used widely in fertilizers and explosives.
The commercial grade contains about 33.5 percent nitrogen, all of which is in forms utilizable by plants; Ammonium nitrate is the most common nitrogenous component of artificial fertilizers.
Ammonium nitrate also is employed to modify the detonation rate of other explosives, such as nitroglycerin in the so-called ammonia dynamites, or as an oxidizing agent in the ammonals, which are mixtures of ammonium nitrate and powdered aluminum.

Ammonium nitrate is a colourless crystalline substance (melting point 169.6 °C [337.3 °F]).
Ammonium nitrate is highly soluble in water; heating of the water solution decomposes the salt to nitrous oxide (laughing gas).
Ammonium nitrate is the nitrate salt of the ammonium cation (NH4NO3, sometimes written as N2H4O3) that is a white crystal solid and is highly soluble in water.
Ammonium nitrate is predominantly used in agriculture as a high-nitrogen fertilizer and is also used as a component of explosive mixtures in mining, quarrying, and civil construction.
Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is produced by neutralizing nitric acid (HNO3) with ammonia (NH3).
All ammonium nitrate plants produce an aqueous ammonium nitrate solution through the reaction of ammonia and nitric acid in a neutralizer.

The process involves several unit process operations including solution formation and concentration, solids formation, finishing, screening and coating, and product bagging and/or bulk shipping.
In some cases, solutions may be blended for marketing as liquid fertilizers.
The number of operating steps employed depends on the specification of the product.
For example, plants producing ammonium nitrate solutions alone use only the solution formation, solution blending and bulk shipping operations.
Plants producing a solid ammonium nitrate product may employ all of the operations.
Approximately 15%–20% (v/v) of the ammonium nitrate prepared in this manner is used for explosives and the balance for fertilizer.

Additives such as magnesium nitrate or magnesium oxide may be introduced into the melt prior to solidification to raise the crystalline transition temperature, act as a desiccant (removing water) or lower the temperature of solidification.
Products are sometimes coated with clays or diatomaceous earth to prevent agglomeration during storage and shipment, although additives may eliminate the need for coatings.
The final solid products are screened and sized, and off-size particles are dissolved and recycled through the process.

Ammonium nitrate is marketed in several forms, depending upon its use.
For example, liquid ammonium nitrate may be sold as a fertilizer, generally in combination with urea or the liquid ammonium nitrate may be concentrated to form an ammonium nitrate melt for use in solids formation processes.
Solid ammonium nitrate may be produced in the form of prills, grains, granules, or crystals.
Ammonium nitrate prills can be produced in either high- or low-density form, depending on the concentration of the melt.
High-density prills, granules, and crystals are used as fertilizer, while ammonium nitrate grains are used solely in explosives, and low-density prills that are small aggregates or globules of the material—most often a dry sphere—formed from a melted liquid.
The term prill is also used in manufacturing to refer to a product that has been pelletized.

The manufacture of ammonium nitrate produces particulate matter, ammonia, and nitric acid emissions.
Emissions from ammonia and nitric acid occur primarily when they form solutions (neutralizers and concentrators), and when they are used in granulators.
Particulate matter is the largest source and is emitted throughout the process during the formation of solids.
Prill towers and granulators are the largest sources of particulates.
Microprills can form and clog orifices, increasing fine dust loading and emissions.

Emissions occur from screening operations by the banging of ammonium nitrate solids against each other and the screens.
Most of these screening operations are enclosed or have partial covers to reduce emissions.
The coating of products may also create some particulate emissions during mixing in the rotary drums.
This dust is usually captured and recycled to coating storage. Another source of dust is bagging and bulk loading, mostly during final filling when dust-laden air is displaced from bags.
Plants producing nitric acid and ammonium nitrate produce wastewaters containing these compounds and ammonia.
Wastewater containing ammonia and nitric acid must be neutralized to produce ammonium nitrate.

ammonium nitrate solution is prepared by reacting preheated ammonia with nitric acid in a neutralizer.
The heat of reaction is utilized for evaporation and 80–83% ammonium nitrate solution is obtained.
This concentrated solution is further concentrated to obtain 92–94% solution in a vacuum concentrator.
Concentrated ammonium nitrate solution is then sprayed into the granulator along with a regulated quantity of limestone powder and the recycle fines from the screens.
The hot granules are dried in a rotary drier by hot air, screened and cooled in coolers to obtain the product.

Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is produced by neutralizing nitric acid (HNO3) with ammonia (NH3).
In 1991, there were 58 U. S. ammonium nitrate plants located in 22 states producing about 8.2 million megagrams (Mg) (9 million tons) of ammonium nitrate.
Approximately 15 to 20 percent of this amount was used for explosives and the balance for fertilizer.
Ammonium nitrate is marketed in several forms, depending upon its use.
Liquid ammonium nitrate may be sold as a fertilizer, generally in combination with urea.

Liquid ammonium nitrate may be concentrated to form an ammonium nitrate "melt" for use in solids formation processes.
Solid ammonium nitrate may be produced in the form of prills, grains, granules, or crystals.
Prills can be produced in either high or low density form, depending on the concentration of the melt.
High density prills, granules, and crystals are used as fertilizer, grains are used solely in explosives, and low density prills can be used as either.

Ammonium nitrate (AN) is derived from the reaction between ammonia and nitric acid.
Ammonium nitrate contains 33.5–34% nitrogen, of which half is in the nitrate form, which is easily assimilated by plants, and half is in the ammonia form.
Ammonium nitrate is used principally as a nitrogen source in fertilizers and is the main component of most nonmilitary industrial explosives and blasting agents.
Fertilizer-grade AN has a slightly higher density than explosive-grade AN.
Solid AN (prills or granules) has been the predominant form produced; however, liquid AN has gained popularity, particularly in developed economies, primarily as a component in urea-AN (UAN) solutions.

Ammonium nitrate is produced starting with a simple reaction of anhydrous ammonia and nitric acid.
For solid form AN, the resulting liquid is concentrated and processed into prills, granules or crystals.
Concentrated AN solutions can also be used to produce urea-ammonium nitrate solutions (UAN) used in liquid fertilizer systems.
Ammonium Nitrate (AN) is the primary ingredient in many explosives and fertilizers.
Ammonium nitrate fertilizers are very efficient and produce less greenhouse gas emissions than other fertilizers.
Half of the nitrogen in ammonium nitrate fertilizer is quick release nitrogen which is immediately available to the plants.
The other half is slow release nitrogen to form an effective balance in plant nutrition.

Pure ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is a white, water-soluble, crystalline substance with a melting point of 170°C.
The substance is classified as an oxidising agent.
Ammonium nitrate is one of the base ingredients used in the manufacture of commercial explosives.

Ammonium nitrate is not only a principal component of airborne aerosol, but it is chiefly an important and widely used product in the chemical industry.
The commercially important applications are twofold: as a fertilizer component and as an explosive ingredient.
Among inorganic fertilizers, AN is the most universally used because of its unique combination of nitrogen bound as both nitrate and ammonium ions that are the only two forms in which plants can efficiently absorb nitrogen from the soil.
According to scientific literature pure ammonium nitrate is considered as a relatively stable chemical, since it can be preserved unaltered at ordinary temperature and pressure.
Indeed even if Ammonium nitrate melts at quite low temperature (170 °C), significant thermally induced decomposition requires temperature of more than 200 °C.

Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is produced by the neutralization of nitric acid by ammonia.
Ammonium nitrate is used in agriculture as a high-efficiency, concentrated nitrogen fertilizer for the top-dressing of winter crops, perennial grasses and pastures, for sugar cane cultivation, and also used in industry for the manufacture of explosive substances and mixtures.
Production form – prills.
Product is treated by anti-caking additives.
When exposed to large amounts of heat, ammonium nitrate can become molten and detonate on impact.

Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound with the formula NH4 NO3, and it's made by combining ammonia with nitric acid.
Ammonium nitrate is most commonly used as fertilizer for agricultural purposes — since it is highly soluble — but it is also used as an industrial explosive.

Ammonium nitrate is an odourless material, which is usually granulated (if a fertiliser) and white in appearance.
Crystalline ammonium nitrate is not usually found outside a laboratory.

Ammonium nitrate is the nitric acid ammonium salt; it is a chemical compound containing the chemical formula NH4NO3.
At room temperature, Ammonium nitrate is a colorless rhombic or monoclinical crystal.
Ammonium nitrate can be degraded at 210°C to water and nitrous oxide.
They are prone to decomposition into nitrogen, oxygen, and water after intense heating at 300°C above.
Predominantly used as a high-nitrogen fertilizer in agriculture.
In 2017 global production was estimated at 21.6 million tonnes.

Ammonium nitrate plays a role as a fertilizer, an explosive agent, and an oxidizer.
Ammonium nitrate is an inorganic molecular form, salt with ammonium, and salt with inorganic nitrate.
The other main use of Ammonium nitrate is as an explosive component of mixtures used in mining, quarrying, and civil construction.

Ammonium nitrate’s soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol.
It dissolution in water can absorb plenty of warmth and reduce the temperature.
Ammonium nitrate’s one in all the foremost nitrogen fertilizer varieties within the world today.

Ammonium nitrate is present as the natural mineral gwihabaite, the saltpetre ammonium analog in the driest regions of the Chilean Atacama Desert, sometimes as a crust on the ground or in combination with other minerals of nitrate, iodate, and halides.
Ammonium nitrate is commercially available both as a colorless crystalline solid and for particular applications is transformed into prills.
Ammonium nitrate was mined there within the past, but virtually 100% of the chemical now used is synthetic.
Nitrate has no residue within the soil, and maybe all absorbed by crops; being a physiological neutral fertilizer.

The ammonium nitrate is used in protection bombs, matches, and pyrotechnics as a pesticide, as a freezing mixture.
Ammonium nitrate is suitable for a wide variety of soils and crops but is best suited for dry and dry crops especially suited for cash crops such as tobacco, cotton, and vegetables.
The industrial production of ammonium nitrate entails the acid-base reaction of ammonia with nitric acid

Ammonium nitrate is a crystal salt consisting of ammonia and nitric acid.
Ammonium nitrate is odorless and is either colorless or white.
Ammonium nitrate is typically used a fertilizer by providing nitrogen to plants.

Applications:

Fertilizer
Ammonium nitrate's advantage over urea is that it is more stable and does not rapidly lose nitrogen to the atmosphere.

Explosives
Ammonium nitrate is not, on its own, an explosive, but it readily forms explosive mixtures with varying properties when combined with explosives such as TNT or with fuels like aluminum powder or fuel oil.
Examples of explosives containing ammonium nitrate include:
-Astrolite (ammonium nitrate and hydrazine rocket fuel)
-Amatol (ammonium nitrate and TNT)
-Ammonal (ammonium nitrate and aluminum powder)
-Amatex (ammonium nitrate, TNT and RDX)
-ANFO (ammonium nitrate and fuel oil)
-DBX (ammonium nitrate, RDX, TNT and aluminum powder)
-Tovex (ammonium nitrate and methylammonium nitrate)
-Minol (explosive) (ammonium nitrate, TNT and aluminum powder)
-Goma-2 (ammonium nitrate, nitroglycol, Nitrocellulose, Dibutyl phthalate and fuel)

Boiling Point: Decomposes at 200-260 °C
Melting Point: 337.8 °F, 169.7 °C
Density: 1.72 at 68 °F, 1.7 g/cm³
Vapor Pressure: 2.3 kPa at 20 °C in water solution; 1.5 kPa at 20 °C in saturated NH4NOs solution
pH: 0.1 M solution in water: 5.43

Ammonium nitrate is used commonly in fertilizers; in pyrotechniques, herbicides, and insecticides; and in the manufacture of nitrous oxide.
Ammonium nitrate is used as an absorbent for nitrogen oxides, an ingredient of freezing mixtures, an oxidizer in rocket propellants, and a nutrient for yeast and antibiotics.
Ammonium nitrate is also used in explosives (especially as an oil mixture) for blasting rocks and in mining. Nitrates and nitrites are used to cure meats and to develop the characteristic flavor and pink color, to prevent rancidity, and to prevent growth of Clostridium botulinum spores in or on meats.

Large-scale production of ammonium nitrate began in the 1940s when it was used for munitions during wartime.
After the end of World War II, ammonium nitrate became available as a commercial fertilizer.
The production of ammonium nitrate is relatively simple: Ammonia gas is reacted with nitric acid to form a concentrated solution and considerable heat.

Prilled fertilizer forms when a drop of concentrated ammonium nitrate solution (95 percent to 99 percent) falls from a tower and solidifies.
Low-density prills are more porous than high-density prills and are preferred for industrial use, while high-density prills are used as fertilizer.
Manufacturers produce granular ammonium nitrate by repeatedly spraying the concentrated solution onto small granules in a rotating drum.

Since ammonium nitrate is hygroscopic and therefore readily attracts moisture from air, it’s commonly stored in air-conditioned warehouses or in sealed bags.
Manufacturers typically coat the solid fertilizer with an anti-caking compound to prevent sticking and clumping.

Small quantities of carbonate minerals are sometimes added prior to solidifying, which eliminates ammonium nitrate’s explosive properties.
These additives lower the N concentration and are sparingly soluble, making the modified product less suitable for application through an irrigation system (fertigation).

Ammonium nitrate is a popular fertilizer since it provides half of the N in the nitrate form and half in the ammonium form.
The nitrate form moves readily with soil water to the roots, where it’s immediately available for plant uptake.
The ammonium fraction is taken up by roots or gradually converted to nitrate by soil microorganisms.
Many vegetable growers prefer an immediately available nitrate source of plant nutrition and use ammonium nitrate.
Animal farmers like it for pasture and hay fertilization since Ammonium nitrate’s less susceptible to volatilization losses than urea-based fertilizers when left on the soil surface.

Ammonium nitrate is commonly mixed with other fertilizers, but these mixtures can’t be stored for long periods because of a tendency to absorb moisture from the air.
The very high solubility of ammonium nitrate makes it well suited for making solutions for fertigation or foliar sprays.

Ammonium Nitrate is a key component in the production of nitrous oxide (also known as Dinitrogen moNOxide, N₂O or laughing gas) for healthcare use.
Nitrous oxide is used in the health sector around the world as:

-Analgesic in surgery and dentistry
-Anesthetics in surgery and dentistry
-Used as a propellant for drugs packaged in aerosols

Low density Ammonium Nitrate explosive is used extensively in the mining industry and is intentionally made very porous to allow for the rapid uptake of liquid fuel oil.
The prill is coated with a trace amount of a waxy anti-caking material to enhance flowability and handling characteristics.

Fertilizing effect: ammonium nitrate provides plants with required amount of nitrogen, which is especially important during the period of intensive growth.
Fertilization not only ensures effective growth and ripening, faster root development, rapid nutrient absorption, but also prevents leave yellowing.
Nitrogen stimulates and regulates many vital plant growth processes.
Plants fertilized with ammonium nitrate consume less water, contain more proteins and sugar, have longer vegetation period.
Ammonium Nitrate is used as an ingredient for manufacture of explosives, anaesthetic gases, fertilizers, cold packs, etc.

Ammonium nitrate is commercially available both as a colorless crystalline solid and processed into prills for specific applications.
Ammonium nitrate is Soluble in water.
Does not readily burn but will do so if contaminated with combustible material.
Accelerates the burning of combustible material.
Used to make fertilizers and explosives, and as a nutrient in producing antibiotics and yeast.

Ammonium Nitrate Emulsion, Suspension, or Gel is ammonium nitrate suspended in a liquid.
The material itself does not readily burn but will readily do so if contaminated by combustible material.
Ammonium nitrate will accelerate the burning of combustible material.
Ammonium nitrate is used as a fertilizer, as a freezing mixture, in safety explosives, matches, and pyrotechnics.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: White to gray to brown, odorless beads, pellets, or flakes.
MELTING POINT: 336°F (169°C) decomposes at 410 F (210°C) SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.72 SOLUBILITY IN WATER: soluble

Nitrogen comes in many forms.
This major plant nutrient can be taken in by plants through the roots or from the stoma in the leaves and stems.
Additional sources of nitrogen are often added to soil and plants in areas without sufficient natural sources of nitrogen.
One of the first solid nitrogen sources produced in a large scale capacity is ammonium nitrate.
Ammonium nitrate fertilizer is the most common use of the compound, but it also has a very volatile nature, which makes it useful in certain industries.
Ammonium nitrate is an odorless, nearly colorless crystal salt.

Using ammonium nitrate in gardens and large-scale agricultural fields enhances plant growth and provides a ready supply of nitrogen from which plants can draw.
Ammonium nitrate fertilizer is a simple compound to make.
Ammonium nitrate is created when ammonia gas reacts with nitric acid.
The chemical reaction produces a concentrated form of ammonium nitrate, which produces prodigious amounts of heat.
As a fertilizer, the compound is applied as granules and fused with ammonium sulfate to minimize the volatile nature of the compound.
Anti-caking agents are also added to the fertilizer.

In addition to its usefulness as a fertilizer, ammonium nitrate is also employed in certain industrial and construction settings.
The chemical compound is explosive and useful in mining, demolition activities, and quarry work.
Food preservation is another area that is using ammonium nitrate.
The compound makes an excellent cold pack when one bag of water and one bag of the compound are united.
Temperatures can drop to 2 or 3 degrees Celsius very rapidly.

SYNONYMS:
AMMONIUM NITRATE
6484-52-2
Ammonium nitricum
Ammonium saltpeter
Nitrate of ammonia
Nitric acid ammonium salt
Nitrato amonico
Nitrate d'ammonium
Nitric acid, ammonium salt
Ammonium(I) nitrate (1:1)
Nitric acid ammonium salt (1:1)
UNII-T8YA51M7Y6
T8YA51M7Y6
CHEBI:63038
Nitram
NCGC00091921-01
Herco prills
German saltpeter
Merco Prills
Varioform I
DSSTox_CID_9668
DSSTox_RID_78802
DSSTox_GSID_29668
Caswell No. 045
Ammonium nitrate, 98%, ACS reagent
Nitrato amonico [Spanish]
Ammonium nitrate, 99+%, for analysis
Nitrate d'ammonium [French]
CAS-6484-52-2
HSDB 475
Ammonium nitrate, 99.999%, (trace metal basis)
Ammonium nitrate solution
Ammonium hydrogendinitrate
EINECS 229-347-8
UN0222
UN1942
UN2426
Ammonium nitrate, solution
EPA Pesticide
Chemical Code 076101azanium;nitrate
Ammonium Nitrate ACS grade
EC 229-347-8
Ammonium nitrate(V) - IV
Ammonium nitrate(V) - III
Ammonium nitrate - phase IV
Ammonium nitrate, Puratronic?
Ammonium nitrate, urea solution (containing ammonia)
Ammonium nitrate, urea solution (not containing ammonia)
CHEMBL1500032
DTXSID2029668
Ammonium nitrate solution (greater than 45% and less than 93%)
Tox21_111177
Tox21_202271
Tox21_303522
(N H4) (N O3)
AKOS025295591
Ammonium nitrate 54% in water by weight
NCGC00091921-02
NCGC00257475-01
NCGC00259820-01
FT-0622337
X5993
Q182329
Ammonium nitrate, liquid (hot concentrated solution)
Ammonium nitrate, liquid (hot concentrated solution) [UN2426] [Oxidizer]
Ammonium nitrate, with >0.2% combustible substances, including any organic substance calculated as carbon, to the exclusion of any other added substance
Ammonium nitrate, with >0.2% combustible substances, including any organic substance calculated as carbon, to the exclusion of any other added substance [UN0222] [Explosive 1.1D]
Ammonium nitrate, with not >0.2% of combustible substances, including any organic substance calculated as carbon, to the exclusion of any other added substance
Ammonium nitrate, with not >0.2% of combustible substances, including any organic substance calculated as carbon, to the exclusion of any other added substance [UN1942] [Oxidizer]
AMMONIUM OLEATE
SYNONYMS Peroxydisulfuric Acid Diammonium Salt; Ammonium Peroxodisulfate; Ammonium Peroxydisulfate; diammonium peroxodisulfate;CAS NO. 7727-54-0
AMMONIUM PERSULFATE
Ammonium Persulfate Ammonium persulfate (APS) is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH4)2S2O8. It is a colourless (white) salt that is highly soluble in water, much more so than the related potassium salt. It is a strong oxidizing agent that is used in polymer chemistry, as an etchant, and as a cleaning and bleaching agent. The dissolution of the salt in water is an endothermic process. Preparation of Ammonium persulfate Ammonium persulfate is prepared by electrolysis of a cold concentrated solution of either ammonium sulfate or ammonium bisulfate in sulfuric acid at a high current density. The method was first described by Hugh Marshall. Uses of Ammonium persulfate As an oxidizing agent and a source of radicals, Ammonium persulfate finds many commercial applications. Salts of sulfate are mainly used as radical initiators in the polymerization of certain alkenes. Commercially important polymers prepared using persulfates include styrene-butadiene rubber and polytetrafluoroethylene. In solution, the dianion dissociates to give radicals: [O3SO–OSO3]2− ⇌ 2 [SO4]•− The sulfate radical adds to the alkene to give a sulfate ester radical. It is also used along with tetramethylethylenediamine to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide in making a polyacrylamide gel, hence being important for SDS-PAGE and western blot. Illustrative of its powerful oxidizing properties, it is used to etch copper on printed circuit boards as an alternative to ferric chloride solution. This property was discovered many years ago. In 1908, John William Turrentine used a dilute ammonium persulfate solution to etch copper. Turrentine weighed copper spirals before placing the copper spirals into the ammonium persulfate solution for an hour. After an hour, the spirals were weighed again and the amount of copper dissolved by ammonium persulfate was recorded. This experiment was extended to other metals such as nickel, cadmium, and iron, all of which yielded similar results. The oxidation equation is thus: S2O2−8 (aq) + e− → 2 SO2−4 (aq). Ammonium persulfate is a standard ingredient in hair bleach. Persulfates are used as oxidants in organic chemistry. For example, in the Minisci reaction. Usages of Ammonium persulfate In cosmetics Industry both Ammonium persulfate and potassium persulfate are used extensively as boosters for hair bleaches and for oxidization of hair dyes. They are also used as key components for bleaching formulations. Polymerization persulfates are very widely udes as initiators for emulsion polymerization of acrylic monomers and emulsion co-polymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene SBR, ABS Metal treatment of Ammonium persulfate Ammonium persulfate is used for treatment of metal surfaces, to etch copper on printed circuit boards, manufacturing of semiconductors and activation of copper and aluminium surfaces. Textiles & paper in textile industry persulfates can be used for denim desizing and bleach activatiors. They can also be used for cold bleaching. In paper industry persulfates can be used for re-pulping and de-inking. Water treatment and disinfectants Ammonium persulfate is extensively used in waste water treatment anf oxidative degradation of harmful substances. Persulfate also used for production of disinfectants. Other applications persulfates are used in photographic industry, bleaching baths for colour stock, modification of starch and chemical synthesis. Safety of Ammonium persulfate Airborne dust containing ammonium persulfate may be irritating to eye, nose, throat, lung and skin upon contact. Exposure to high levels of dust may cause difficulty in breathing. It has been noted that persulfate salts are a major cause of asthmatic effects in women. Furthermore, it has been suggested that exposure to ammonium persulfate can cause asthmatic effects in hair dressers and receptionists working in the hairdressing industry. These asthmatic effects are proposed to be caused by the oxidation of cysteine residues, as well as methionine residues. Ammonium persulfate (APS) is a widely used reagent in biochemistry and molecular biology for the preparation of polyacrylamide gels. Ammonium persulfate forms oxygen free radicals in aqueous solution by a base-catalyzed mechanism. The bases, most commonly used as catalysts, are tertiary amines such as TEMED (N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine) or DMAPN (3-dimethylaminopropionitrile). The free radicals will cause the polymerization of acrylamide and bis-acrylamide to form a gel matrix, which can be used for separating macromolecules by size. Ammonium persulfate has also been utilized to study protein-protein interactions via photoinitiated crosslinking chemistry. Application of Ammonium persulfate Ammonium persulfate has been used for the preparation of polyacrylamide gels and acrylamide hydrogels. Catalyst for acrylamide gel polymerization. Ammonium persulfate USES 1. Ammonium persulfate is used in the printed circuit boards. 2. Ammonium persulfate is used in the olefin polymerization as an initiator. 3. Ammonium persulfate is used for photography. 4. Ammonium persulfate is used as an additive for preserving the food. 5. Ammonium persulfate is used as an oxidising agent. 6. Ammonium persulfate is used to wash the infected yeast. 7. Ammonium persulfate is used for removing the pyrogallol stains. 8. Ammonium persulfate is used as a depolarizer in batteries. 9. Ammonium persulfate is used as a common ingredient in the hair bleaches. Hydraulic fracturing uses a specially blended liquid which is pumped into a well under extreme pressure causing cracks in rock formations underground. These cracks in the rock then allow oil and natural gas to flow, increasing resource production. ... Chemical Name: Ammonium persulfate; Chemical Purpose: Allows a delayed break down of the gel; Product Function: Breaker. A mixutre of ammonium persulfate and sodium peroxide will explode if subjected to crushing (in a mortar), heating, or if a stream of carbon dioxide is passed over it. Ammonium persulfate (APS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are used as oxidants in many industrial processes and are the main constituents of standard hair bleaching products. In a previous study, it was demonstrated that aerosols of Ammonium persulfate induce alterations in airway responsiveness. The present study examined whether exposure for 4 hr to a hair bleach composition (containing Ammonium persulfate, potassium persulphate and H2O2) or H2O2 could induce airway hyperresponsiveness and/or an obstructive ventilation pattern in a rabbit model. Exposure to the aerosols altered neither baseline airway resistance, dynamic elastance, slope of inspiratory pressure generation nor arterial blood pressure and blood gas measurements. Similarly to Ammonium persulfate, hair bleach aerosols containing > or =10.9 mg /per/ cu m persulphate (ammonium and potassium salt) in air and > or =1.36 mg /per/cu m H2O2 in air caused airway hyperresponsiveness to acetylcholine after 4 hr of exposure. Aerosolized H2O2 (> or =37 mg /per/ cu m in air) did not influence airway responsiveness to acetylcholine. The results demonstrate that hair bleaching products containing persulphates dissolved in H2O2 cause airway hyperresponsiveness to acetylcholine in rabbits. A cross sectional study was performed in 32 of 33 employees of a persulphate producing chemical plant. Eighteen of 23 workmen from the same plant with no exposure to persulphates were taken as controls. Also, information was collected from medical records of the seven subjects who had left the persulphate production for medical reasons since 1971. Data were recalled by a questionnaire, skin prick tests were performed with five environmental allergens, and Ammonium persulfate (80 mg/mL). Specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) to the same environmental allergens as in the skin test, and total IgE were measured. Lung function and bronchial responsiveness to histamine were assessed by standard procedures. Workplace concentrations of Ammonium persulfate were estimated by area and personal monitoring. The amount of persulphate was analyzed as sulphur by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. Work related rhinitis was reported by one subject with exposure to persulphates, conjunctivitis and bronchitis were reportedly related to work by two controls. There were no cutaneous reactions to persulphates in either group. Four non-atopic subjects exposed to persulphates, and two controls, one atopic and one non-atopic, were considered to be hyperresponsive to histamine. Three subjects exposed to persulphates with bronchial hyperresponsiveness (provocation dose of histamine causing a 15% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (PD15 FEV1) < or = 1 mg) did not show variability in peak expiratory flow of > or = 20%, the rest refused peak flow measurements. None of the variables showed significant differences between the groups (P > 0.05). Six of the ex- workers left because of work related contact dermatitis. Mean values for workplace concentrations of Ammonium persulfate within the bagging plant were below 1 mg/cu m, and the maximal concentrations were 1.4 mg/cu m and 3.6 mg/cu m, respectively. Sodium, Potassium, and Ammonium Persulfate are inorganic salts used as oxidizing agents in hair bleaches and hair-coloring preparations. Persulfates are contained in hair lighteners at concentrations up to 60%, in bleaches and lighteners at up to 22% and 16%, respectively, and in off-the-scalp products used to highlight hair strands at up to 25%. They are used in professional product bleaches and lighteners at similar concentrations. Much of the available safety test data are for Ammonium Persulfate, but these data are considered applicable to the other salts as well. Acute dermal, oral, and inhalation toxicity studies are available, but only the latter are remarkable, with gross lesions observed in the lungs, liver, stomach, and spleen. Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ In short-term and subchronic feeding studies the results were mixed; some studies found no evidence of toxicity and others found local damage to the mucous membrane in the gastrointestinal tract, but no other systemic effects. Short-term inhalation toxicity was observed when rats were exposed to aerosolized Ammonium persulfate at concentrations of 4 mg/cu m and greater. Ammonium Persulfate (as a moistened powder) was not an irritant to intact rabbit skin, but was sensitizing (in a saline solution) to the guinea pig. It was slightly irritating to rabbit eyes. According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of ammonium persulfate is 1000 or greater; the data may be greatly underestimated. We are offering Ammonium Persulfate (Cat. No. A3678) as a possible alternative. Please read the alternative product documentation carefully and contact technical service if you need additional information. Thermo Scientific Pierce Ammonium Persulfate (APS) is an oxidizing agent that is used with TEMED to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide and bisacrylamide to prepare polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis. Ammonium persulfate (APS) is an oxidizing agent that is often used with tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED, Part No. 17919) to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide and bisacrylamide to prepare polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis. Details of Ammonium persulfate: • Name: Ammonium persulfate (APS) • Formula: (NH4)2S2O8 • CAS number: 7727-54-0 • Molecular weight: 228.2 • Purity: ≥98.0% • Insolubles: ≤0.005% Ammonium persulfate Chemical Properties,Uses,Production Outline Ammonium persulfate is white, odorless single crystal, the formula is (NH4) 2S2O8, it has strong oxidation and corrosion, when heated, it decomposes easily, moisture absorption is not easy, it is soluble in water, the solubility increases in warm water, it can hydrolyze into ammonium hydrogen sulfate and hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution. The dry product has good stability, storage is easy, and it has the advantage of convenience and safety and so on. When heated to 120 °C, it can decompose, it is easily damped and it can cake in moist air. It is mainly used as an oxidizing agent and the preparation of hydrogen peroxide, potassium persulfate and other persulfate. It can be used as free initiator of polymerization reaction, particularly vinyl chloride emulsion polymerization of polymerizable compound and redox polymerization. It can be used as bleaching agent in grease, soap industry. It can be used to prepare aniline dyes and dye oxidation and electroplating industry, photographic industry and chemical analysis. For food-grade, it can be used as modifier of wheat, brewer's yeast mildew. It can be used as metal etchant, circuit board cleaning and etching, copper and aluminum surface activation, modified starch, pulp and textile bleaching at low temperature and desizing, circulating water purification treatment systems, oxidative degradation of harmful gases, low formaldehyde adhesive stick bound to accelerate, disinfectants, hair dye decolorization. Ammonium persulfate is non-flammable, but it can release of oxygen, so it has the role of combustion-supporting, storage environment must be dry and clean, and well-ventilated. People should pay attention to moisture and rain, it should not be transported in rain. Keep away from fire, heat and direct sunlight. It should keep sealed packaging, clear and intact labels. It should be stored separately with flammable or combustible materials, organic compounds, as well as rust, a small amount of metal, and other reducing substances, it should avoid be mixed to prevent the decomposition of ammonium persulfate and cause explosion. Chemical properties of Ammonium persulfate Ammonium persulfate is colorless monoclinic crystal or white crystalline powder. It is soluble in water, the solubility is 58.2g/100ml water at 0℃. Uses of Ammonium persulfate Ammonium persulfate can be used as analytical reagents, photographic fixing agent and reducing agent. Ammonium persulfate can be used as food preservative, oxidizing agent and initiator of high-molecular polymer. Ammonium persulfate can be used as raw material of producting persulfate and hydrogen peroxide in chemical industry, inhibitor of polymerization organic polymer, initiator of during the polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer. It can be used as bleaching agent in grease, soap industry. It can also be used as corrodent in plate metals cutting eclipse and oil extraction in oil industry. For food-grade, it can be used as modifier of wheat, brewer's yeast mildew. Ammonium persulfate can be used for flour modifier (Limited ≤0.3g/kg, the Japanese standard, 1999); Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungicide (limit 0.1%, FAO/WHO, 1984). The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Wang Xiaodong. Production methods of Ammonium persulfate Ammonium persulfate can be derived by the electrolysis of ammonium sulfate and dilute sulfuric acid and then crystallized. Electrolytic process Ammonium sulfate and sulfuric acid formulates to form liquid electrolyte, it is decontaminated by electrolysis, HSO4-can discharge and generate peroxydisulfate acidat in the anode, and then reacts with ammonium sulfate to generate ammonium persulfate, ammonium persulfate goes through filtration, crystallization, centrifugal separation, drying to get ammonium persulfate product when the content reaches a certain concentration in the anode. Anode reaction: 2HSO4--2e → H2S2O8 Cathodic reaction: 2H ++ 2e → H2 ↑ (NH4) 2S2O4 + H2S2O8 → (NH4) 2S2O8 + H2SO4 Description of Ammonium persulfate Persulfates are strong oxidizing agents widely used in the production of metals, textiles, photographs, cellophane, rubber, adhesive papers, foods, soaps, detergents and hair bleaches. Ammonium persulfate is used as a hair bleaching agent. It may induce irritant dermatitis, contact urticaria and allergic contact dermatitis and represents a major allergen in hairdressers. Chemical Properties Ammonium persulfate is a colorless or white crystalline solid. Chemical Properties of Ammonium persulfate Off-white crystalline powder Uses of Ammonium persulfate Used for detection and determination of manganese and iron. Uses As oxidizer and bleacher; to remove hypo; reducer and retarder in photography; in dyeing, manufacture of aniline dyes; oxidizer for copper; etching zinc; decolorizing and deodorizing oils; electroplating; washing infected yeast; removing pyrogallol stains; making soluble starch; depolarizer in electric batteries; In animal chemistry chiefly for detection and determination of manganese. Uses of Ammonium persulfate Ammonium Persulfate is a bleaching agent for food starch that is used up to 0.075% and with sulfur dioxide up to 0.05%. General Description A white crystalline solid. A strong oxidizing agent. Does not burn readily, but may cause spontaneous ignition of organic materials. Used as a bleaching agent and as a food preservative. Air & Water Reactions of Ammonium persulfate Soluble in water. Reactivity Profile of Ammonium persulfate Ammonium persulfate is a potent oxidizing agent. A powdered mixture with aluminum and water can explode [NFPA 491M 1991]. A mixture with sodium peroxide will explode if subjected to friction (crushing in a mortar), heating, or if a stream of carbon dioxide is passed over Ammonium persulfate. Acidic solutions dissolve iron violently. Hazard of Ammonium persulfate Fire risk in contact with reducers. Health Hazard Inhalation produces slight toxic effects. Contact with dust irritates eyes and causes skin rash. Contact allergens of Ammonium persulfate Persulfates are strong oxidizing agents widely used in the production of metals, textiles, photographs, cellophane, rubber, adhesive papers, foods, soaps, detergents, and hair bleaches. Ammonium persulfate is used as a hair bleaching agent. It may induce irritant dermatitis, (mainly) nonimmunologic contact urticaria, and allergic contact dermatitis and represents a major allergen in hairdressers. People reacting to ammonium persulfate also react to other persulfates such as potassium persulfate. Safety Profile of Ammonium persulfate Poison by intravenous and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion. A powerful oxidizer that can react vigorously with reducing agents. Releases oxygen when heated. Mxtures with sodium peroxide are explosives sensitive to friction, heating above 75℃, or contact with CO2 or water. Mixtures with (powdered aluminum + water) or (zinc + ammonia) are explosive. Violent reaction with iron or solutions of ammonia + silver salts. Solution with sulfuric acid is a strong oxidzing cleaning solution. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SO,, NH3, and NOx. Potential Exposure of Ammonium persulfate Ammonium persulfate is used as a bleaching agent, in photographic chemicals, and to make dyes. It is also used as an ingredient of polymerization catalysts. Shipping of Ammonium persulfate UN1444 Ammonium persulfate, Hazard Class: 5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer Purification Methods of Ammonium persulfate Recrystallise it at room temperature from EtOH/water. Ammonium persulfate gradually loses NH3 on exposure to air. Its solubility is 0.5g/mL at 20o, and 2g/mL at 100o. Incompatibilities of Ammonium persulfate Decomposes in water and moist air, forming oxygen gas. A strong oxidizer; reacts with reducing agents; organic and combustible materials. Incompatible with heat, sodium peroxide (produces a friction-, heat-, and water-sensitive explosive); aluminum powder. Waste Disposal of Ammonium persulfate May be treated with large volumes of water, neutralized and flushed to sewer. This applies to small quantities only. Ammonium persulfate Preparation Products And Raw materials These rubbers are produced by radical emulsion polymerization using ammonium persulfate as initiator. This rubber has a density of 1.85 g/cm3 and has a service temperature exceeding 250°C. Vulcanization is done with diamines in combination with basic metal oxides (MgO). The vulcanization is very slow and takes about 24 h at a temperature of 200°C. Fluororubbers allow the highest use temperatures. These products have a very good oil resistance, excellent oxygen, ozone, and weather resistance, and good chemical and solvent resistance. The drawbacks are poor alkali resistance, high price, and relatively poor mechanical properties and cold flexibility.
AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
AMMONIUM POLYACRYLATE, N° CAS : 9003-03-6, Nom INCI : AMMONIUM POLYACRYLATE. Classification : Polymère de synthèse.Ses fonctions (INCI) :Agent filmogène : Produit un film continu sur la peau, les cheveux ou les ongles. Agent stabilisant : Améliore les ingrédients ou la stabilité de la formulation et la durée de conservation. Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
AMMONIUM POLYACRYLATE
AMMONIUM POLYACRYLOYLDIMETHYL TAURATE, N° CAS : 62152-14-1, Nom INCI : AMMONIUM POLYACRYLOYLDIMETHYL TAURATE. Ses fonctions (INCI) Stabilisateur d'émulsion : Favorise le processus d'émulsification et améliore la stabilité et la durée de conservation de l'émulsion. Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques
AMMONIUM POLYACRYLATE
Ammonium Polyacrylate

CAS Number: 9003-03-6
Boiling Point: 141°C
Molecular Formula: C3H4O2+NH4



APPLICATIONS


Ammonium Polyacrylate is a polymer anionic dispersant intended for paint products.
Furthermore, Ammonium Polyacrylate is supplied in the form of 40% aqueous solution of ammonium salt of polyacrylic acid.
Ammonium Polyacrylate is a clear or lightly murky yellow liquid.

Ammonium Polyacrylate is an Ammonium salt of polyacrylic acid.


Uses and applications of Ammonium Polyacrylate:

Pigment dispersant for paintscoatings, ceramics, paper
Thickener and stabilizer for synthetic latexes
Stabilizer for emulsion polymerization
Wetting agent for cementpigment manufacturing
Viscous stabilizer
In coatings adhesives
Dipped, cast, and molded goods
Cements for rug backing
Spraying, spreading, brushing, and extruding compds
Surfactant in cosmetics

Ammonium Polyacrylate is the ammonium salt of polyacrylic acid of medium molecular weight.
Moreover, Ammonium Polyacrylate is used as a dispersant, anti-scalent and suspending agent in a wide variety of industrial processes and applications.


Ammonium Polyacrylate is used in several industries:

Mining and mineral handling (china clay, metal ores)
Inorganic pigment dispersions
Paper making
Textile processing
Paint manufacture
Boiler water treatment


The application of Ammonium Polyacrylate significantly decreases the viscosity of aqueous suspensions of titanium white and mineral fillers.
Therefore, Ammonium Polyacrylate allows large amounts of pigment and/or fillers to be efficiently introduced into the water system.

Even low concentrations of Ammonium Polyacrylate provide paint products with very good stability.
Ammonium Polyacrylate has a positive impact on the compatibility of pigments in colour products.

Ammonium Polyacrylate is also used as a basic dispersing agent in waterborne decorative paints.
Thanks to Ammonium Polyacrylate's low content volatile organic compounds (“VOCs”), the product may be used to create paint formulations.
The recommended level of use of Ammonium Polyacrylate in waterborne paints is 0.1 – 0.6% (w/w).


Advantages of Ammonium polyacrylate:

Very good dispersing properties, especially in case of titanium white and mineral fillers,
Basic dispersant for waterborne paints,
Recommended for paints with low VOC,
Compatible with widely used acrylic dispersions, styrene and acrylic dispersions, as well as with Homo- & copolymers of vinyl acetate,
Compatible with rheology modifiers,
Efficient even at low concentrations,
Non-classified according to CLP,
Positive impact on compatibility with pigments,
Positive impact on water resistance of the coating.


Some applications of Ammonium Polyacrylate:

Decorative paints for interior and exterior
Titanium white concentrates
Plasterwork

Ammonium Polyacrylate is prepared in aqueous solution under specially controlled reactıon conditions to produce efficient flocculants.

Besides, Ammonium acrylate is polymerized (and become Ammonium Polyacrylate) at a monomer concentration within the range from about 10 weight percent of the polymerization system up to the monomersaturation level, in the presence of at least 0.1 weight percent of ammonium hydroxide.
The upper limit on the amount of hydroxide employed will range downwardly from about 15 weight percent to approxımately 5 weıght percent for monomerconcentrations from 10 to 40 weight percent respectıvely.

Further improvement in polymer propertıes is achıeved by the incorporation of at least about 1 weight percent, based on the weight of polymerizatıon system, of analkali metal salt.
One of the potential factors that may limit the ruminant animal's ability to digest fiber is the reduced retention and subsequent passage of cellulolytic microorganisms from the rumen.
Bacterial passage may be decreased by an inert support.

Ammonium Polyacrylate is a hygroscopic organic polymer that is non-toxic to animals and environmentally degradable.
A digestibility trial was conducted with six Holstein steers cannulated at ruminal, duodenal and ileal sites to determine if an ammonium polyacrylate gel (GEL: 20 gammonium polyacrylate hydrated in 2 l tap water containing 20 g glucose animal-1 day-1) would increase total tract nutrient digestion.

Intake and digestion of Ammonium Polyacrylate were not affected (p > 0.10) by GEL but NDF digestibility was decreased (p < 0.06) when GEL was consumed.
Although GEL appeared to be present in the rumen samples, higher concentrations may be needed to elicit a detectable in vivo response.

Ammonium Polyacrylate undergoes the typical reactions of a carboxylic acid.
When reacted with an alcohol, Ammonium Polyacrylate forms the corresponding ester.
The esters and salts of Ammonium Polyacrylate are collectively known as acrylates (or propenoates).

The most common alkyl esters of Ammonium Polyacrylate are methyl, butyl, ethyl, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.
Ammonium Polyacrylate and its esters readily combine with themselves (to form polyacrylic acid) or other monomers (e.g. acrylamides, acrylonitrile, vinylcompounds, styrene, and butadiene) by reacting at their double bond, forming homopolymers or copolymers, which are used in the manufacture of various plastics, coatings, adhesives, elastomers, as well as floor polishes and paints.

Ammonium Polyacrylate is used in many industries like the diaper industry, the water treatment industry or the textiles industry.
On a worldwide scale the consumption rate of acrylic acid is projected to reach more than an estimated 8,000 kilotons, by 2020.
This increase is expected to occur as a result of using Ammonium Polyacrylate in new applications, including personal care products, detergents and products thatare used for adult incontinence.

Ammonium Polyacrylate is the standard dispersant for matt emulsion paints and can also be used in certain semi-gloss and gloss formulations.

Benefits OF Ammonium Polyacrylate:

Ideal dispersing agent for a wide range of water borne coatings.
Can be used as supplied.
Improved storage stability of both the pigment dispersion and the formulated paint.
Little or no adverse reaction to high temperatures or pH changes.
Ammonium Polyacrylate is a low viscosity product used to disperse inorganic pigments and fillers in water-borne systems.
Ideal dispersing agent for water borne high gloss coatings because it is compatible with polypropylene glycol and other glycols used to promote wet edge time and film coalescence.
Effective at high temperatures above 100°C over a pH range of 5 – 12.
Offers much better stability and improved shelf life for water borne paints and coatings.
Very high pigment loading can be achieved when thoroughly mixed with water before adding pigments and fillers to the system using high shear mixers.


Ammonium Polyacrylate is especially suited for use in silk and gloss emulsion paints where its compatibility with glycols maintains the gloss of the system.
In addition, Ammonium Polyacrylate is used to disperse fillers and pigments in many products such as tile adhesives, grouts, fillers and water based adhesives and glues.

Ammonium Polyacrylate is primarily recommended for use in the electronic and specialty ceramic fields where a low soda content is required.
Additionally, Ammonium Polyacrylate is a good scale inhibitor and dispersant.

Ammonium Polyacrylate can be used in combination with other water treatment agents for oilfield water injection and boiler water treatment without scaling under high PH value and high concentration multiple.
More to that, Ammonium Polyacrylate is the ammonium salt of polyacrylic acid.

Ammonium Polyacrylate, which is a colorless to pale yellow, clear liquid, absent of visible impurities, is used as a dispersant and, anti-scalent and suspending agent in a variety of industrial processes and applications including inorganic pigment dispersions and paint manufacture.



DESCRIPTION


Ammonium Polyacrylate has very good dispersing properties, especially in case of titanium white and mineral fillers.
Further to that, Ammonium Polyacrylate is compatible with widely used acrylic dispersions, styrene and acrylic dispersions, as well as with homo- & Ammonium Polyacrylate is also highly compatible with the most popular rheology modifiers.
Ammonium Polyacrylate is better in improving water resistance of paint coats than sodium salt of polyacrylic acid.

Ammonium Polyacrylate is an organic compound with the formula CH2=CHCOOH.
Furthermore, Ammonium Polyacrylate is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid, consisting of a vinyl group connected directly to a carboxylic acid terminus.

Ammonium Polyacrylate has a characteristic acrid or tart smell.
Moreover, Ammonium Polyacrylate is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, and chloroform. More than a million tons are produced annually.
Ammonium Polyacrylate is an ammonium salt of Polyacrylic Acid.

Ammonium Polyacrylate is a solution of an ammonium salt of an acrylic polymer in water.
Besides, Ammonium Polyacrylate is a low viscosity dispersing agent for water-borne coating systems.
Ammonium Polyacrylate is especially suited for the dispersion of inorganic pigments.



PROPERTIES


Appearance: Colourless to pale yellow, clear liquid free from impurities
Density: 1.063g/cm3
Solids Content: 38.5%
pH: 6.5
Total Active Solids: 40%
Brookfield Viscosity: 80 – 300 cps
Percent Ash (typical): 0.01%
Density at 25°C: 1.25 Mg/m3
Weight Per Gallon: 9.8 lb.
pH at 25°C: 7.0 to 8.0
Viscosity at 25°C: 50 kPa·s (50 cps)
Solubility: Very soluble in water systems.
Stability: Stable in the presence of acids andalkalies over a wide pH range.
Storage: Product should be stored above 10°C(50°F).
Density: 1.063
Boiling Point: 55° F (NTP, 1992)
Flash Point: 130° F (NTP, 1992)
Melting Point: 12.5 deg C
Vapour: 4 mm Hg ( 20 °C)



FIRST AID


Ammonium Polyacrylate causes severe irritation and burns.
In addition, Ammonium Polyacrylate may be harmful if swallowed.

Avoid breathing vapor or dust.
Use with adequate ventilation.

Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothes.
Wash thoroughly after handling.
Keep container closed.

General advice:

First Aid responders should pay attention to self-protection and use the recommended protective clothing (chemical resistant gloves, splash protection).
If potential for exposure exists refer to safety sheet for specific personal protective equipment.


Inhalation:

Move person to fresh air; if effects occur, consult a physician.


Skin contact:

Remove material from skin immediately by washing with soap and plenty of water.
Remove contaminated clothing and shoes while washing.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Wash clothing before reuse.
Discard items which cannot be decontaminated, including leather articles
such as shoes, belts and watchbands.


Eye contact:

Flush eyes thoroughly with water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses after the initial 1-2 minutes and continue flushing for several additional minutes.
If effects occur, consult a physician, preferably an ophthalmologist.


Ingestion:

If swallowed, seek medical attention.
Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.


Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed:

Aside from the information found under Description of first aid measures (above), any additional important symptoms and effects are described in Safety sheet.


Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
Notes to physician:

No specific antidote.
Treatment of exposure should be directed at the control of symptoms and the clinical condition of the patient.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Packaging & Labelling:

Standard packaging is in 210 litre UN-standard plastic drums at 240kg nett or 1000 litre Intermediate Bulk Containers at 1100kg nett.
Each item of packaging is labelled with product name, batch number, date of manufacture, nett weight and relevant Health and Safety information.
Can also be supplied in bulk road tankers.


Hazard Classification:

Not classified as hazardous for transport or supply
Approved for use in paper products for foodstuffs (FDA Ch. 176.17-18/BGA Ch.36).


Shelf Life:

When stored sealed & unopened in the original packaging protected from direct sun light at 5-25°C the shelf life is over 6 months.
If customer’s storage conditions do not match all these parameters then they should carry out their own tests to determine the shelf life under their specific storage conditions.


Precautions for safe handling:

Avoid contact with eyes.
Wash thoroughly after handling.
Containers, even those that have been emptied, can contain vapors.

Do not cut, drill, grind, weld, or perform similar operations on or near empty containers.
Spills of these organic materials on hot fibrous insulations may lead to lowering of the autoignition temperatures possibly resulting in spontaneous combustion.
Keep away from heat, sparks and flame.


Technical measures:

Highly flammable.
Avoid contact with high temperature objects, spark, and strong oxidizing agents.
Use withlocal exhaust ventilation.

Precautions:

Do not rough handling containers, such as upsetting, falling, giving a shock, and dragging Prevent leakage, overflow, andscattering.
Not to generate steam and dust in vain.
Seal the container after use.

After handling, wash hands andface, andthen gargle
Deny unnecessary entry of non-emergency personnel to the handling area

Safety handling precautions:

Take necessary action to avoid static electricity discharge (which might cause ignition of organic vapors).
Use personal protective equipment as required.
Avoid contact with skin, eyes or clothing.



SYNONYMS


Poly(Acrylate Ammonium)
Poly(Acrylic Acid)
Ammonium Salt
Poly(Ammonium Acrylate)
Acrylic Acid
Ammonium Salt Polymer
Ammonium Polyacrylate
2-Propenoic Acid
Homopolymer
Ammonium Salt
2-PROPENOIC ACID
HOMOPOLYMER
AMMONIUM SALT
2PROPENOIC ACID
HOMOPOLYMER
AMMONIUM SALT
ACRYLIC ACID POLYMER AMMONIUM SALT
AMMONIUM POLYACRYLATE
AMMONIUM SALT 2-PROPENOIC ACID
HOMOPOLYMER
AMMONIUM SALT POLY(ACRYLIC ACID)
HOMOPOLYMER AMMONIUM SALT 2-PROPENOIC ACID
POLY(ACRYLIC ACID)
AMMONIUM SALT
Ammonium acrylate
10604-69-0
2-Propenoic acid, ammonium salt
2-Propenoic acid, ammonium salt (1:1)
ACRYLATE, AMMONIUM
amine acrylate
Acrylate,ammonium
EINECS 234-229-4
Ammonium 2-propenoate
azane;prop-2-enoic acid
acrylic acid, ammonia salt
acrylic acid, ammonium salt
MFCD00080376
FT-0688073
2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer, ammonium salt
Acrylic acid, polymers, ammonium salt
Latekoll AS
Acrylic acid polymer ammonium salt
Ammonium polyacrylate
Sokrat CHDF 3001
Ammonium polyacrylic acid
Poly(acrylic acid) ammonium salt
Aron A 30
Glascol HA 4
Poly(acrylic acid) ammonia salt
WS 851
Mowilith LP 530
Polyteric L 6
SER-AD FX 504
Size CB
Hiviswako 103
Nopcosperse 644A
Marpozol RA 40A
Rheogic 305H
Kayadisperse C 24N
Medamon 30B
Jaypol A 140
Sokrat 32A
A 30SL
Kayadisperse C 34
Aron A 30SL
Polystabil AMV
Dispex A 40
Dolapix CE
Rheogic 306L
DP 6195
Additol XW 330
EL Polymer NWS 16
Coatex P 90
Jurymer AC 10H ammonium salt
Celuna D 305
Mirox HP
T 17
T 17 (acrylic polymer)
Shallol AH 103P
D 305
D 134
Ceramo D 134
JN 281
NWS 16
Darvan 812A
Jurymer AC 10S ammonium salt
Lefasol V 2
Darvan 821A
DP 518
Prox BO3
W 53FL
M 20C
Poiz 2100
Glascol C 95
Dolapix PC 33
D 511
D 511 (acrylic polymer)
Indunal A
Mowiplus XW 330
XW 330
Duramax D 3021
D 3021
B 03 (dispersant)
B 03
Decal 2041
Dolapix CA
Ecodis 80
Orotan 112D
112D
Reotan LAM
Jurymer AC 10L ammonium salt
Pigment Disperser A
Coatex Ecodis P 90
Ecodis P 90
Pigmentverteiler A
Lopon 885
SA 203
SN 5027
TRM 2400
Rikabond SA 203
PR 03
LP 530
Dammonium 3008
DP 270 (dispersant)
DP 270
YRM 2435
Dispex AA 4040
SD 00
Dispex AA 4030
DA 40 (dispersant)
DA 40
2500D
Prox B 03
Collacral 6256
BYK 152
Acrylic acid homopolymer ammonium salt
E 80
AA 4040
P 90
A 30
EK 1
O-Disperse 3507
BASF 4040
AST 02TL
FX 504
DP 6195;2-Propenoic acid,polymers,homopolymer,ammonium salt
EL Polymer NWS 16;Sokrat 32A;Polyteric L 6
Poly(acrylic acid), ammonium salt;Aron A 30
Aron A 30SL
Kayadisperse C 34;WS 851
Rheogic 306L;
Glascol HA 4
Hiviswako 103
2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer, ammonium salt
SER-AD FX 504
Marpozol RA 40A
Rheogic 305H
Kayadisperse C 24N
Polystabil AMV
Coatex P 90
Dolapix CE
Sokrat CHDF 3001
Nopcosperse 644A
Dispex A 40
Mowilith LP 530
Medamon 30B
Jaypol A 140
polyacrylic acid ammonium salt
AMMONIUM POLYACRYLOYLDIMETHYL TAURATE
YC 81; DC 100A; stearates; Ligafluid; Stokal STA; Stanfax 320; Nopco DC 100A; Nopcote DC 100A; Kanebinol YC 81; Ligafluid AS 35; AMMONIUM STEARATE; stearated’ammonium; Ammoniumstearat, rein; Stearic ammonium salt; ammoniumoctadecanoate; ammoniumstearate,pure; stearicacid,ammoniumsalt; Octadecanoicacid,ammoniumsalt; Octadecanoic acid,aMMoniuM salt (1:1) CAS NO:1002-89-7
AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE
Ammonium polyphosphate is an organic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia.
As a chemical, Ammonium polyphosphate is non-toxic, environmentally friendly and halogen-free.
Ammonium polyphosphate is most commonly used as a flame retardant, selection of the specific grade of ammonium polyphosphate can be determined by the solubility, Phosphorus content, chain length and polymerization degree.

CAS: 68333-79-9
MF: H12N3O4P
MW: 149.086741
EINECS: 269-789-9

The chain length (n) of Ammonium polyphosphate can be linear or branched.
Depending on the polymerization degree, there are two main families of ammonium polyphosphate: Crystal phase I APP (or APP I), and Crystal phase II APP (or APP II).
APP phase I has a short and linear chain (n < 100), it is more water sensitive (hydrolysis) and less thermally stable; actually it begins to decompose at temperatures above 150 °C.
The second family of Ammonium polyphosphate is the APP Phase II; which has an high polymerization degree, with n>1000, its structure is cross linked (branched), and it is an high-quality non-halogenated flame retardant.
APP phase II, Ammonium polyphosphate, has an higher thermal stability (the decomposition starts at approximately 300°C) and lower water solubility than APP I.

Ammonium polyphosphates are liquid fertilizers with compositions up to 11-37-0, manufactured by the reaction of anhydrous ammonia with superphosphoric acid.
Superphosphoric acid is made by the concentration of regular wet-process acid up to P2O5 concentrations of 78%.
Granular polyphosphates suitable for bulk blending are made by reacting ammonia with regular wet process acid of 52% P2O5 content and using the heat of reaction to drive off water to produce a phosphate melt of 10-43-0, with about 40% of the phosphorus in the polyphosphate form.

​Ammonium Polyphosphate is an environment-friendly, non-toxic, halogen-free flame retardant, chemically Ammonium Polyphosphate is an organic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia.
The chain length (n) of this polymeric compound can be linear or branched.
Depending on the polymerization degree there are two main types of Ammonium Polyphosphates (APPs):
APP Phase I – these are short, linear chain APP’s.
The Ammonium polyphosphate behaves as a flame retardant in an intumescent coating with the presence of other chemicals.

Ammonium polyphosphate is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia containing both chains and possibly branching.
Ammonium polyphosphate's chemical formula is H(NH4PO3)nOH showing that each monomer consists of an orthophosphate radical of a phosphorus atom with three oxygens and one negative charge neutralized by an ammonium cation leaving two bonds free to polymerize.
In the branched cases some monomers are missing the ammonium anion and instead link to three other monomers.

The properties of ammonium polyphosphate depend on the number of monomers in each molecule and to a degree on how often it branches.
Shorter chains (n < 100) are more water sensitive and less thermally stable than longer chains (n > 1000), but short polymer chains (e.g. pyro-, tripoly-, and tetrapoly-) are more soluble and show increasing solubility with increasing chain length.

Ammonium polyphosphate can be prepared by reacting concentrated phosphoric acid with ammonia. However, iron and aluminum impurities, soluble in concentrated phosphoric acid, form gelatinous precipitates or "sludges" in ammonium polyphosphate at pH between 5 and 7.
Other metal impurities such as copper, chromium, magnesium, and zinc form granular precipitates.
However, depending on the degree of polymerization, ammonium polyphosphate can act as a chelating agent to keep certain metal ions dissolved in solution.
Ammonium polyphosphate is used as a food additive, emulsifier, (E number: E545) and as a fertilizer.

Ammonium polyphosphate is also used as a flame retardant in many applications such as paints and coatings, and in a variety of polymers: the most important ones are polyolefins, and particularly polypropylene, where Ammonium polyphosphate is part of intumescent systems.
Compounding with Ammonium polyphosphate-based flame retardants in polypropylene is described in.
Further applications are thermosets, where Ammonium polyphosphate is used in unsaturated polyesters and gel coats (APP blends with synergists), epoxies and polyurethane castings (intumescent systems). Ammonium polyphosphate is also applied to flame retard polyurethane foams.

Ammonium polyphosphates used as flame retardants in polymers have long chains and a specific crystallinity (Form II).
They start to decompose at 240 °C to form ammonia and phosphoric acid.
The phosphoric acid acts as an acid catalyst in the dehydration of carbon-based poly-alcohols, such as cellulose in wood.
The phosphoric acid reacts with alcohol groups to form heat-unstable phosphate esters.
The esters decompose to release carbon dioxide and regenerate the phosphoric acid catalyst.
In the gas phase, the release of non-flammable carbon dioxide helps to dilute the oxygen of the air and flammable decomposition products of the material that is burning.
In the condensed phase, the resultant carbonaceous char helps to shield the underlying polymer from attack by oxygen and radiant heat.
Use as an intumescent is achieved when combined with starch-based materials such as pentaerythritol and melamine as expanding agents.
The mechanisms of intumescence and the mode of action of APP are described in a series of publications.

Ammonium polyphosphate Chemical Properties
Density: 1.74[at 20℃]
Vapor pressure: 0.076Pa at 20℃
Storage temp.: −20°C
Solubility: Aqueous Acid (Slightly)
Form: Solid
Color: White to Off-White
LogP: -2.148 (est)
CAS DataBase Reference: 68333-79-9
EPA Substance Registry System: Ammonium polyphosphates (68333-79-9)

Uses
Ammonium polyphosphate is a specialty chemical that finds many different uses in key industries.
Ammonium Polyphosphate, is an environment-friendly and halogen-free flame retardant.
Ammonium polyphosphate is the main constituent of many intumescent flame retardant systems: coatings, paints and engineering plastics.
Ammonium polyphosphate is used to prepare 20% Phosphorous/Nitrogen containing flame retardants, Ammonium polyphosphate can be used solely or in conjunction with other materials in the flameproof treatment for textiles, papers, fibers and woods.

Special treatment can be used to prepare 50% high concentration flameproof formulations required for special applications.
The most common ammonium polyphosphate fertilizers have a N-P2O5-K2O (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) composition of 10-34-0 or 11-37-0.
Polyphosphate fertilizers offer the advantage of a high nutrient content in a clear, crystal-free fluid that remains stable within a wide temperature range and stores well for long periods.
A variety of other nutrients mix well with polyphosphate fertilizers, making them excellent carriers of micronutrients typically needed by plants.

Ammonium polyphosphate is a crystalline compound that contains phosphorus pentoxide and diammonium.
Ammonium polyphosphate is used for wastewater treatment, as an additive to plastics, and in the production of paper.
Ammonium polyphosphate can be synthesized from sodium citrate and crystalline cellulose.
The synthesis process involves heating the mixture at temperatures between 300°C and 400°C.
This process will produce a solid product with the desired reactants in the correct stoichiometric ratio.

Ammonium polyphosphate has been found to have synergistic effects when combined with other chemicals, such as enzymes or water-soluble phosphates.
Studies have shown that ammonium polyphosphate improves the ability of enzymes to break down organic matter in biological systems; this may be due to its high water permeability properties.
Ammonium polyphosphate is used as a compound cyclizing agent and an acylating agent in organic synthesis.
Ammonium polyphosphate is also used as a substitute for orthophosphoric acid and an analytical reagent.

Preparation Method
Synthesis method: phosphoric acid and phosphorus pentoxide are heated for polymerization reaction, and hydrogen peroxide is added to remove iron ions in the solution.
After purification, cooling and filtration are carried out to prepare a multi-phosphoric acid product.

Synonyms
10361-65-6
Phosphoric acid, ammonium salt (1:3)
68333-79-9
Ammonium phosphate, tribasic
Triammonium orthophosphate
triazanium;phosphate
Phosphoric acid, triammonium salt
UNII-2ZJF06M0I9
2ZJF06M0I9
EINECS 233-793-9
EINECS 270-200-2
68412-62-4
(NH4)3PO4
triazanium phosphate
APP (fireproofing agent)
Ammonium phosphate tribasic
DTXSID8052778
EXO 462
H3N.1/3H3O4P
ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
EINECS 269-789-9
H3-N.1/3H3-O4-P
Ammonium orthophosphate, superphosphate
AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE ((NH4)3PO4)
LS-192343
FT-0698825
EC 269-789-9
Ammonium Phosphate GFAA Matrix Modifier: 10% NH4H2PO4 in 2% HNO3
Pre-Mixed GFAA Matrix Modifier 3: 10 mg/mL NH4H2PO4 & 600 microg/mL Mg(NO3)2 in 2% HNO3
AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP)
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) has extensive possibilities in fire prevention.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can be prepared by reacting concentrated phosphoric acid with ammonia.


CAS Number: 68333-79-9
EC Number: 269-789-9
E number: E452(v) (thickeners, ...)
Chemical formula: [NH4PO3]n(OH)2
Classification: Classified by degree of polymerization



SYNONYMS:
Exolit AP 422, FR CROS 484, CS FR APP 231, Phosphoric acid, ammonium salt (1:3), Triammonium orthophosphate, triazanium;phosphate, Ammonium phosphate, tribasic



Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is one kind of non halogen flame retardant.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) has extensive possibilities in fire prevention.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a stable and non-volatile compound.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) comes under the category of halogen free flame retardants and works as a smoke suppressant too.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is very cost effective when compared to other halogen free systems.
Lower loading into polymers ensures good retention of mechanical and electrical properties and excellent flow.


Allowing plastics to exhibit excellent processability, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used as an efficient flame retardant in the furniture industry and for interior fabrics for the automotive industry.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia containing both chains and possibly branching.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP)'s chemical formula is H(NH4PO3)nOH showing that each monomer consists of an orthophosphate radical of a phosphorus atom with three oxygens and one negative charge neutralized by an ammonium cation leaving two bonds free to polymerize.
In the branched cases some monomers are missing the ammonium anion and instead link to three other monomers.


The properties of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) depend on the number of monomers in each molecule and to a degree on how often it branches.
Shorter chains (n < 100) are more water sensitive and less thermally stable than longer chains (n > 1000), but short polymer chains (e.g. pyro-, tripoly-, and tetrapoly-) are more soluble and show increasing solubility with increasing chain length.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can be prepared by reacting concentrated phosphoric acid with ammonia.
However, iron and aluminum impurities, soluble in concentrated phosphoric acid, form gelatinous precipitates or "sludges" in Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) at pH between 5 and 7.


Other metal impurities such as copper, chromium, magnesium, and zinc form granular precipitates.
However, depending on the degree of polymerization, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can act as a chelating agent to keep certain metal ions dissolved in solution.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP), Cas No 68333-79-9, is an environment-friendly and halogen-free flame retardant.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is the main constituent of many intumescent flame retardant systems: coatings, paints and engineering plastics.
For the chemical point of view, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia.


Depending on the polymerization degree, there are two main families of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP): Crystal phase I APP (or APP I), and Crystal phase II APP (or APP II).
- Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) phase I has a short and linear chain (n < 100), it is more water sensitive (hydrolysis) and less thermally stable; actually it begins to decompose at temperatures above 150 °C.


- The second family of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is the APP Phase II; which has an high polymerization degree, with n>1000, its structure is cross linked (branched), and it is an high-quality non-halogenated flame retardant.
APP phase II, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP), has an higher thermal stability (the decomposition starts at approximately 300°C) and lower water solubility than APP I.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a non-halogen flame retardant which acts by an intumescence mechanism.
When Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is exposed to fire or heat, it decomposes to polymeric phosphate acid and ammonia.
The polyphosphoric acid reacts with hydroxyl groups to form a nonstable phosphate ester.


Following dehydration of the phosphate ester, a carbon foam is built up on the surface and acts as an insulation layer.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used in plastics such as PP, PVC, PE, polyester, rubber, and expandable fireproof coatings.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a highly efficient, nontoxic inorganic flame retardant.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) has a low water solubility, and a high phosphorus and nitrogen content.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) has reduced solubility in water.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) has reduced viscosity in water.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) improved dispersibility and compatibility with polymers and resins.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) increased fluidity of powder.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) improved thermal expansion efficiency during inflaming retarding process and insulation performance.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia.
Because it contains phosphorus and nitrogen in its molecule, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) has a good synergistic effect and has a good flame retardant effect.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can be divided into three types classified by the degree of polymerization: low poly, medium poly and high poly.
The higher the degree of polymerization, the lower the water solubility.
The degree of polymerization of oligomeric Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is less than 20, which is water-soluble.


The polymerization degree of high-polymer Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is greater than 50, which can be used as a flame retardant.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can be divided into crystalline form and amorphous form classified by its structure.
Crystalline Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a long-chain water-insoluble polyphosphate.


There are five variants of crystalline Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) from I to V.
Among them, crystal phase II Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) (APP II) has a significant advantage in the field of polymer materials due to its good water insolubility, high decomposition temperature, and good compatibility with polymer materials.


Crystalline Phase I Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) (APP I) is characterized by a variable linear chain length.
In Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) I, n (the number of phosphate units) is usually below 100.
Compared to Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) II, APP I has a lower decomposition temperature (about 150°C) and higher water solubility.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP), halogen free flame retardant.
Typical applications of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP): Intumescent paints, Fire-retardant coating, Flame retardant textile coating, Steel structure fire-retardant, Flame retardant plastics and rubbers.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a type of flame retardant and intumescent agent.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used to improve the fire resistance of various materials, particularly in industries like plastics, textiles, and construction.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a long-chain polymeric compound made up of ammonium and phosphate groups.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is typically a white, non-toxic, and non-halogenated powder.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can also refer to a type of fertilizer.


In this context, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a compound containing both ammonium (NH4+) and polyphosphate (PO3-) ions.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is commonly used as a source of nitrogen and phosphorus for plant nutrition.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) fertilizers are water-soluble and provide plants with these essential nutrients, which are vital for their growth and development.


The ammonium component in Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) provides a source of nitrogen, while the polyphosphate component supplies phosphorus.
The combination of these nutrients can be particularly beneficial for various crops and plants, promoting healthy root development, flowering, and fruit production.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) fertilizers are available in different formulations, including liquid and granular forms, to suit the specific needs of different crops and soil types.
They are widely used in agriculture to improve crop yields and ensure adequate nutrient supply for plants.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a simple fertilizer containing nitrogen and a high level of phosphorous.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a liquid compound fertilizer containing ammonium polyphosphate.
Polyphosphates are formed from multiple phosphate molecules linked in a polymer chain.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) application in liquid form significantly reduces phosphorus fixation in the soil and therefore increases phosphorus uptake.
This occurs due to the gradual hydrolysis of polyphosphates to orthophosphates in the soil as well as the blocking of the active site of calcium carbonate by polyphosphate.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP):
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can be used in top-grade fire-retardant coating, fiberglass and engineering plastic, such as PE, PP, PU, polyester and nylon.
With 15-20% Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) in the adhesive and sealing agent, the good firing resistance is shown.
For PU, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a very suitable preventing form buring dope without halogen.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is also applicated in hot solidifying resin of epoxy resin or unsaturated resin, etc.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can be used in coating, paint, rubber, and polyurethane.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used Plastic , Fiber, Rubber, Paper, Wood , Various polymer, Resin, Elastomer , Adhesive , Coating or paint, and Electronic related products.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used as a food additive, emulsifier, (E number: E545) and as a fertilizer.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is also used as a flame retardant in many applications such as paints and coatings, and in a variety of polymers: the most important ones are polyolefins, and particularly polypropylene, where Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is part of intumescent systems.


Compounding with Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP)-based flame retardants in polypropylene is described in.
Further applications are thermosets, where Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used in unsaturated polyesters and gel coats (APP blends with synergists), epoxies and polyurethane castings (intumescent systems).


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is also applied to flame retard polyurethane foams.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used as flame retardants in polymers have long chains and a specific crystallinity (Form II).
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) starts to decompose at 240 °C to form ammonia and phosphoric acid.


The phosphoric acid acts as an acid catalyst in the dehydration of carbon-based poly-alcohols, such as cellulose in wood.
The phosphoric acid reacts with alcohol groups to form heat-unstable phosphate esters.
The esters decompose to release carbon dioxide and regenerate the phosphoric acid catalyst.


In the gas phase, the release of non-flammable carbon dioxide helps to dilute the oxygen of the air and flammable decomposition products of the material that is burning.
In the condensed phase, the resultant carbonaceous char helps to shield the underlying polymer from attack by oxygen and radiant heat.


Use as an intumescent is achieved when combined with starch-based materials such as pentaerythritol and melamine as expanding agents.
The mechanisms of intumescence and the mode of action of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) are described in a series of publications
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used as a flame retardant in many applications such as paints and coatings, and in a variety of polymers: the most important ones are polyolefins, and particularly polypropylene.


Further applications are thermosets, where Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used in unsaturated polyesters and gel coats, epoxies and polyurethane castings.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is also applied to flame retard polyurethane foams.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is widely used in water soluble fire-retardant coating


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can be applied by spray, dip, or pressure treatment
Aqueous solution of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) used in the fire-retardant treatment for wood (i.e. corrugated board, kraft paper), paper, textile, and fibers.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used solvent based and Water based intumescent coatings.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used flame retardant for polyurethanes, Flame retardant for unsaturated polyesters, Flame retardant for epoxies, and Flame retardant for acrylics.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used fiber materials (paper, wood, fireproof textiles).
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used all kinds of polymers (sunproof, waterproof, or fireproof outdoor materials).
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used fire-refractory building board, coiled material.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used epoxy resin and unsaturated resin.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used cable and rubber, Plastic material of electron device, and Textiles.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can be used for all applications that our standard APP-201 is suitable for.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can be used in plastics (PP, PVC, PE, etc.), polyester, rubber, PU foam, and expandable fireproof coatings.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) has lower viscosity and lower solubility (compared to the standard grade APP-201) in water, which could make it suitable for water-fast intumescent systems in polymers (such as PU, PBT, etc.) and paints.


Considering factors such as price and cost, oligomeric water-soluble Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is mainly used for flame retardancy of cellulose materials such as paper and wood.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) has high thermal stability and can be formulated into solution or dry powder fire extinguishing agent, and can also be used in intumescent fire retardant coatings, intumescent flame retardant systems, etc.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can be used as a flame retardant for polymer materials such as polyolefin, PVC, polyurethane, phenolic resin, and coatings.
In addition to being a flame retardant, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a novel multifunctional adhesive.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can reduce the flammability of the sulfur cathode as shown in the figure below.


During the combustion process, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) decomposes to release ammonia/water vapor, and crosslinks to form an insulating polymer layer, which effectively protects the sulfur electrode.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is most commonly used as a flameproof coating for multistory buildings, ships, trains, and cable applications.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used in Flame retardants,
Fertilizers, Food Additives, Polymer Additives, Coatings, Adhesives, and Pharmaceuticals.
The least expensive form of liquid phosphorous, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is used as an ingredient in liquid blends or as alone as a high P input.


-Application of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) as a Fire Retardant:
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP)-II is a halogen free fire retardant used in a variety of plastics.
At temperatures above 300 °C Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP)-II decomposes to polyphosphoric acid which dehydrates polyols, carbohydrates and other ROH and RNH containing substances.
Subsequently, the generated char is expanded by water and ammonia to form a foamed up solid heat protective barrier.


-Applications of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) in Agriculture:
APP-II finds application not only as a fertiliser for soil but also as a source of phosphorus.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP)'s composition, rich in polyphosphates, provides a unique advantage in agricultural settings.

The gradual breakdown of polyphosphate chains ensures an immediate as well as a sustained release of phosphorus, offering plants a readily digestible form of this essential nutrient.

This gradual release mechanism aligns with the plants’ uptake capacity, ensuring optimal utilisation while minimising the risk of nutrient leaching or wastage.
As a result, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP)-II stands as a versatile solution for promoting robust plant growth and enhancing soil fertility over time.



ADVANTAGES OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP):
*Enables broad time frame for application
*Requires no moisture for dissolving due to its liquid form
*Ensures prolonged phosphorus nutrition
*Provides great efficiencyof a phosphate fertilizer
*Provides efficient use in lowdoses
*Suitable for foliar and root application



BENEFITS OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP):
water soluble and formaldehyde free



ADVANTAGES OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP):
(1)High degree of polymerization up to 1300, excellent performance of fire protection in intumescent systems, has more wide range of application than low polymerization APP.
(2)Initial decomposition temperature 280 degree Celsius, action time earlier than other common Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP)
(3)Low water solubility, high polymerizaiton and intial decompostion temperature make Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) good compatibility.



BENEFITS OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP):
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) offers several benefits depending on its application:

*Flame Retardancy:
In flame retardant applications, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is highly effective at reducing the flammability of materials.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) releases ammonia when exposed to high temperatures, which dilutes flammable gases and hinders combustion.

Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) also creates a protective char layer that acts as a barrier to further combustion.
This is crucial for improving fire safety in various industries, including construction, textiles, and electronics.


*Smoke Suppression:
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) not only reduces the likelihood of a material catching fire but also helps minimize smoke production during a fire.
This can be critical in enhancing safety by improving visibility during an emergency and reducing the inhalation of toxic smoke.


*Nutrient Supply:
In the context of fertilizers, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) provides essential nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) to plants.
This can lead to increased crop yields, healthier plant growth, improved flowering, and enhanced fruit production.


*Water Solubility:
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) fertilizers are water-soluble, making it easier to apply and deliver nutrients to plants efficiently.


*Versatility:
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can be used in various forms, such as liquids or granules, depending on the specific needs of different crops and soils.
Its versatility allows Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) to be used in a wide range of agricultural applications.


*Non-Halogenated:
As a flame retardant, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is often preferred over halogenated flame retardants, which can release toxic byproducts when burned.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) does not contain halogens, making it a more environmentally friendly option.


*Low Toxicity:
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is generally considered to have low toxicity, which is advantageous when used in applications where human or environmental exposure is a concern.


*Stability:
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is stable under normal storage conditions, which ensures that it remains effective and safe for handling until it is used.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP):
Chemical formula: [NH4PO3]n(OH)2
Molar mass: 97.01 g/mol
Appearance: white powder
Density: 1.9 g/cm3; bulk density = 0.7 g/cm3
Whiteness: 92.0 Min
pH (10% slurry - 25°C): 5.5-7.5
Acid Value (KOH mg/1g): 1.0 Max
Solubility in water (25°C, g/100ml H2O): 0.50 Max
Nitrogen (w/w%): 14.0-15.0
Phosphorus (P, w/w%): 31.0-32.0
Thermal decomposition onset (°C): 285 Min
Form: Liquid
Colour: Colourless or white Liquid

CAS No.: 68333-79-9
HS Code: 28353900
Appearance: Solid Extra Fine Powder
Composition: Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP)
Bulk density (25°C, kg/L): 0.7
Density (25°C, kg/L): 1.9
Phosphorus content (% w/w): 68
Nitrogen content (% w/w): 14.0-15.0
pH (10% suspension): 5.5-7.0
Decomposed temp. on heat (°C): ≥280
Mean polymerization Ñ: ≤1500
Mean particle diameter (µm): ≤10.0
Molecular Formula: (NH4PO3)n
Density: 1.74 g/cm³
Solubility: Appearance: White powder



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP):
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1)
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a kind of high quality, high efficiency and non-toxic nitrogen and phosphorus non halogen flame retardant.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a good fireproof additive for all kinds of intumescent fire retardant coatings and flame retardant products.


CAS Number: 68333-79-9
MDL Number:MFCD00241367
E number: E452(v) (thickeners, ...)
Chemical formula: [NH4PO3]n(OH)2



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Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) water soluble and formaldehyde free.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1), Cas No 68333-79-9, is an environment-friendly and halogen-free flame retardant.
From the chemical point of view, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia.


Depending on the polymerization degree, there are two main families of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1): Crystal phase I APP (or APP I), and Crystal phase II APP (or APP II).
- Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) phase I has a short and linear chain (n < 100), it is more water sensitive (hydrolysis) and less thermally stable; actually it begins to decompose at temperatures above 150 °C.


- The second family of Ammonium polyphosphate is the APP Phase II; which has an high polymerization degree, with n>1000, its structure is cross linked (branched), and it is an high-quality non-halogenated flame retardant.
APP phase II, Ammonium polyphosphate, has an higher thermal stability (the decomposition starts at approximately 300°C) and lower water solubility than APP I.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a specialty chemical that finds many different uses in key industries.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is also called ammonium polyphosphate.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a kind of high quality, high efficiency and non-toxic nitrogen and phosphorus non halogen flame retardant.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a good fireproof additive for all kinds of intumescent fire retardant coatings and flame retardant products.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia.
Because Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) contains phosphorus and nitrogen in its molecule, it has a good synergistic effect and has a good flame retardant effect.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is classified by degree of polymerization
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can be divided into three types classified by the degree of polymerization: low poly, medium poly and high poly.
The higher the degree of polymerization, the lower the water solubility.


The degree of polymerization of oligomeric Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is less than 20, which is water-soluble.
The polymerization degree of high-polymer Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is greater than 50, which can be used as a flame retardant.
In life, few people should have heard of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) this thing, it is abbreviated as the APP.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a inorganic salt made up of polyphosphate and ammonia.
The chain length of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is both variable and branched, and can be greater than 1000.
Short-chain and linear chain Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) are more sensitive and have lower thermal stability than long-chain Apps, which show very low water solubility.


Optical Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a stable, non-volatile compound.
When in contact with the water Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1), it is slowly hydrolyzed into ammonium phosphate.
Higher temperatures and prolonged water exposure can accelerate hydrolysis.


The long chain Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) begins to decompose into polyphosphate and ammonia at temperatures above 300°c.
The short-chain Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) will begin to decompose at temperatures above the temp.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a colorless transparent viscous liquid.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) has deliquescence.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can be miscible with water and hydrolyzed to orthophosphoric acid without crystallization.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a halogen-free flame retardant polymerized with ammonium phosphate.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is divided into two grades, APP101 with good moisture resistance and APP102 with excellent weather resistance.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is an environment-friendly, non-toxic, halogen-free flame retardant, chemically Ammonium Polyphosphate is an organic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) – these are short, linear chain APP’s.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) behaves as a flame retardant in an intumescent coating with the presence of other chemicals.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) has a high phosphorous and nitrogen content, a high polymerization degree, low water solubility, good thermal stability, and low toxicity.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) has a lower phosphorous and higher nitrogen content than KYLIN APP1, high water solubility and good compatibility with other flame retardants and auxiliary chemicals.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia containing both chains and possibly branching.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1)'s chemical formula is H(NH4PO3)nOH showing that each monomer consists of an orthophosphate radical of a phosphorus atom with three oxygens and one negative charge neutralized by an ammonium cation leaving two bonds free to polymerize.
In the branched cases some monomers are missing the ammonium anion and instead link to three other monomers.


The properties of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) depend on the number of monomers in each molecule and to a degree on how often it branches.
Shorter chains (n < 100) are more water sensitive and less thermally stable than longer chains (n > 1000), but short polymer chains (e.g. pyro-, tripoly-, and tetrapoly-) are more soluble and show increasing solubility with increasing chain length.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can be prepared by reacting concentrated phosphoric acid with ammonia.
However, iron and aluminum impurities, soluble in concentrated phosphoric acid, form gelatinous precipitates or "sludges" in Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) at pH between 5 and 7.


Other metal impurities such as copper, chromium, magnesium, and zinc form granular precipitates.
However, depending on the degree of polymerization, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can act as a chelating agent to keep certain metal ions dissolved in solution.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is liquid fertilizers with compositions up to 11-37-0, manufactured by the reaction of anhydrous ammonia with superphosphoric acid.
Superphosphoric acid is made by the concentration of regular wet-process acid up to P2O5 concentrations of 78%.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is an organic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia.
As a chemical, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is non-toxic, environmentally friendly and halogen-free.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is most commonly used as a flame retardant, selection of the specific grade of ammonium polyphosphate can be determined by the solubility, Phosphorus content, chain length and polymerization degree.


The chain length (n) of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can be linear or branched.
Depending on the polymerization degree, there are two main families of ammonium polyphosphate: Crystal phase I APP (or APP I), and Crystal phase II APP (or APP II).


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) has a short and linear chain (n < 100), it is more water sensitive (hydrolysis) and less thermally stable; actually it begins to decompose at temperatures above 150 °C.
The second family of Ammonium polyphosphate is the APP Phase II; which has an high polymerization degree, with n>1000, its structure is cross linked (branched), and it is an high-quality non-halogenated flame retardant.
APP phase II, Ammonium polyphosphate, has an higher thermal stability (the decomposition starts at approximately 300°C) and lower water solubility than APP I.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is widely used in water soluble fire-retardant coating
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can be applied by spray, dip, or pressure treatment
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used aqueous solution used in the fire-retardant treatment for wood (i.e. corrugated board, kraft paper), paper, textile, and fibers.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can be used in expanding fireproof material, such as polyurethane, UF resin and epoxy resin.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is also can be used in the retardant of fiber, wood and plastic.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is main ingredient of expanding retardant thermoplastic because of its high molecular weight and good heat stability.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1)is used for electronic unit made from PP shall be achieved with loading this product.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used the main constituent of many intumescent flame retardant systems: coatings, paints and engineering plastics.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1), is an environment-friendly and halogen-free flame retardant.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is the main constituent of many intumescent flame retardant systems: coatings, paints and engineering plastics.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used to prepare 20% Phosphorous/Nitrogen containing flame retardants, it can be used solely or in conjunction with other materials in the flameproof treatment for textiles, papers, fibers and woods.


Special treatment can be used to prepare 50% high concentration flameproof formulations required for special applications.
The most common Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) fertilizers have a N-P2O5-K2O (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) composition of 10-34-0 or 11-37-0.
Polyphosphate fertilizers offer the advantage of a high nutrient content in a clear, crystal-free fluid that remains stable within a wide temperature range and stores well for long periods.


A variety of other nutrients mix well with polyphosphate fertilizers, making them excellent carriers of micronutrients typically needed by plants.
Considering factors such as price and cost, oligomeric water-soluble Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is mainly used for flame retardancy of cellulose materials such as paper and wood.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) has high thermal stability and can be formulated into solution or dry powder fire extinguishing agent, and can also be used in intumescent fire retardant coatings, intumescent flame retardant systems, etc.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can be used as a flame retardant for polymer materials such as polyolefin, PVC, polyurethane, phenolic resin, and coatings.


In addition to being a flame retardant, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a novel multifunctional adhesive.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) has an excellent flame-retardant effect in cellulose-containing materials such as paper and wood products. With chipboard products, the DIN EN 13501-1 classification can be achieved by adding 15 – 20 % Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1).


Because of its high heat stability, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is an essential component in intumescent formulations for thermoplastics, particularly polypropylene, for which the classification UL 94-V0 is specified for applications in the electrical sector.
Casting resins based on epoxy resins or unsaturated polyester resins achieve the classification UL 94-V0 with Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1).


On account of its low water solubility, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is particularly suitable as an ”acid donor” for intumescent coatings.
Other essential components of intumescent systems include a binder, a carbon donor (e.g. pentaerythritol) and a blowing agent (e.g. melamine).
On exposure to flame, intumescent coatings form a carbonaceous foam which effectively shields the underlying material from temperature increases.


Steel structures coated with intumescent paints can meet the requirements of fire resistance classes specified in EN, DIN, BS, ASTM and others.
The application of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) based intumescent coatings on wood or plastics enables these materials to qualify for Building Material Class B (DIN EN 13501-1).


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) imparts a good flame-retardant effect to adhesives and sealants when it is incorporated into the base formulation at the rate of 10 – 20 %.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can also be used as flame retardants for many applications, such as paints and coatings, as well as a variety of polymers: the most important is polyolefin, especially polypropylene, where the application is part of the expansion system.


With the description of application-based flame retardant composites in polypropylene, further applications include the application of thermosetting, unsaturated polyester and gel coatings, epoxy resins and polyurethane castings.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is also suitable for flame-retardant polyurethane foams.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used to prepare a number of high-efficiency expanding flameproof coatings used in the construction industry, ships, trains, cables etc.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is also suitable for the flameproof treatment of wood, plywood, fiberboard, paper, fibers…


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can be used for foaming fireproof materials, such as polyurethane, UF resin, epoxy resin, fibers, wood and plastics etc. It is also used as a flame retardant for fibers, wood and plastics etc.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is the main composition of intumescent flame retardant (IFR).


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used to prepare 20% Phosphorous/Nitrogen-containing flame retardants, it can be used solely or in conjunction with other materials in the flameproof treatment for textiles, papers, fibers and woods.
Special treatment can be used to prepare 50% high concentration flameproof formulations required for special applications


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) has a lower phosphorous and higher nitrogen content than KYLIN APP1, very high water solubility (over 150 grams in 100ml of water at 25°C) and good compatibility with other flame retardants.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can be used solely or in conjunction with other materials in the flameproof treatment for textiles, papers, fibers, and woods.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a highly efficient, nontoxic inorganic flame retardant.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) has a low water solubility, and a high phosphorus and nitrogen content.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is most commonly used as a flameproof coating for multistory buildings, ships, trains, and cable applications.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is an ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant mainly used in Plastic(PP, PE, PA, PVC, PBT), PU, Rubber, Paint, coating, laminates and reinforced materials.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a non-halogen flame retardant which acts by an intumescence mechanism.


When Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is exposed to fire or heat, it decomposes to polymeric phosphate acid and ammonia.
The polyphosphoric acid reacts with hydroxyl groups to form a nonstable phosphate ester.
Following dehydration of the phosphate ester, a carbon foam is built up on the surface and acts as an insulation layer.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used in plastics such as PP, PVC, PE, polyester, rubber, and expandable fireproof coatings.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a specialty chemical that finds many different uses in key industries.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1), is an environment-friendly and halogen-free flame retardant.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used the main constituent of many intumescent flame retardant systems: coatings, paints and engineering plastics.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used to prepare 20% Phosphorous/Nitrogen containing flame retardants, it can be used solely or in conjunction with other materials in the flameproof treatment for textiles, papers, fibers and woods.


Special treatment can be used to prepare 50% high concentration flameproof formulations required for special applications.
The most common Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) fertilizers have a N-P2O5-K2O (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) composition of 10-34-0 or 11-37-0.
Polyphosphate fertilizers offer the advantage of a high nutrient content in a clear, crystal-free fluid that remains stable within a wide temperature range and stores well for long periods.


A variety of other nutrients mix well with polyphosphate fertilizers, making them excellent carriers of micronutrients typically needed by plants.
Granular polyphosphates suitable for bulk blending are made by reacting ammonia with regular wet process acid of 52% P2O5 content and using the heat of reaction to drive off water to produce a phosphate melt of 10-43-0, with about 40% of the phosphorus in the polyphosphate form.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a stable and non-volatile compound.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) comes under the category of halogen free flame retardants and works as a smoke suppressant too.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1)is very cost effective when compared to other halogen free systems.


Lower loading into polymers ensures good retention of mechanical and electrical properties and excellent flow.
Allowing plastics to exhibit excellent processability, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used as an efficient flame retardant in the furniture industry and for interior fabrics for the automotive industry.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used as a food additive, emulsifier, (E number: E545) and as a fertilizer.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is also used as a flame retardant in many applications such as paints and coatings, and in a variety of polymers: the most important ones are polyolefins, and particularly polypropylene, where APP is part of intumescent systems.


Compounding with Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1)-based flame retardants in polypropylene is described in.
Further applications are thermosets, where Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used in unsaturated polyesters and gel coats (APP blends with synergists), epoxies and polyurethane castings (intumescent systems).


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is also applied to flame retard polyurethane foams.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used as flame retardants in polymers have long chains and a specific crystallinity (Form II).
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) starts to decompose at 240 °C to form ammonia and phosphoric acid.


The phosphoric acid acts as an acid catalyst in the dehydration of carbon-based poly-alcohols, such as cellulose in wood.
The phosphoric acid reacts with alcohol groups to form heat-unstable phosphate esters.
The esters decompose to release carbon dioxide and regenerate the phosphoric acid catalyst.


In the gas phase, the release of non-flammable carbon dioxide helps to dilute the oxygen of the air and flammable decomposition products of the material that is burning.
In the condensed phase, the resultant carbonaceous char helps to shield the underlying polymer from attack by oxygen and radiant heat.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used as an intumescent is achieved when combined with starch-based materials such as pentaerythritol and melamine as expanding agents.
The mechanisms of intumescence and the mode of action of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) are described in a series of publications.
Inorganic additive flame retardant, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is used in the manufacture of flame retardant coatings, flame retardant plastics and flame retardant rubber products, etc.


Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is mainly used in intumescent fire retardant coatings and thermosetting resins (such as polyurethane rigid foam, UP resin, epoxy resin, etc.), and can also be used for flame retardant of fiber, wood and rubber products.
Since the Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) has a high molecular weight (n>1000) and high stability, it can also be used as a main active ingredient of intumescent flame retardant thermoplastics, especially in PP up to UL 94-Vo for the manufacture of electronic parts.



POLYURETHANE FOAMS OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is a suitable non-halogenated flame retardant for polyurethane foams.
If handling of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) as a solid is not possible we recommend the dosage of the flame retardant by preparing an Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1)/polyol-suspension.

Because of the low acid number of Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1), it is also possible to incorporate this flame retardant in an Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1)/isocyanate suspension.
To prevent the solids from settling, the Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) suspensions should be stirred or circulated by pump.
The stirrers commonly found in service tanks are adequate for this purpose.



FLAME RETARDANT MECHANISM OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
When phosphorus flame retardant (PFR) burns, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) generates phosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, polymetaphosphoric acid, etc., which are covered on the surface of the resin to promote the carbonization of the plastic surface to form a carbon film.
The polymetaphosphoric acid is covered in a viscous liquid state on the surface of the plastic.

The solid or liquid membrane prevents the escape of free radicals and keeps out oxygen.
In addition, PFRs are also a free radical scavenger. Using mass spectrometry technology, it was found that any phosphorus-containing compounds have PO· formed when the polymer is burned.
It can combine with the hydrogen atoms in the flame area to suppress the flame.



CHARACTERISTICS OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
1. Powder solid, stable property, convenient for transportation, storage and use;
2. pH value is neutral, safe and stable during production and use, good compatibleness, not to react with other flame retardant and auxiliary;
3. High P-N content, appropriate proportion, excellent synergistic effect and reasonable price.



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
Physical and Chemical Properties
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can be divided into three types based on its degree of polymerization: low polymer, medium polymer, and high polymer.
The higher the degree of polymerization, the smaller the water solubility.
According to its structure, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) can be divided into crystalline and amorphous types.
Crystalline Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is water insoluble and long-chain polyphosphate. There are five variants from I to V type.



FEATURES OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) flame retardant differs from most other commercial products in the following ways:‐ greatly reduced solubility in water.‐ lower viscosity in aqueous suspensions.‐ lower viscosity in PU polyol suspensions.‐ very low acid number.



CHARACTERISTICS OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) has strong moisture resistance, alkaline pH value and low water solubility after surface treatment.



CLASSIFIED BY STRUCTURE OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can be divided into crystalline form and amorphous form classified by its structure.
Crystalline Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a long-chain water-insoluble polyphosphate.
There are five variants of crystalline APP from I to V.

Among them, crystal phase II APP (APP II) has a significant advantage in the field of polymer materials due to its good water insolubility, high decomposition temperature, and good compatibility with polymer materials.
Crystalline Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) is characterized by a variable linear chain length.

Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1), n (the number of phosphate units) is usually below 100.
Compared to APP II, Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP-1) has a lower decomposition temperature (about 150°C) and higher water solubility.



PREPARATION METHOD OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
*synthesis method:
phosphoric acid and phosphorus pentoxide are heated for polymerization reaction, and hydrogen peroxide is added to remove iron ions in the solution.
After purification, cooling and filtration are carried out to prepare a multi-phosphoric acid product.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
Chemical formula: [NH4PO3]n(OH)2
Molar mass: 97.01 g/mol
Appearance: white powder
Density: 1,9 g/cm3; bulk density = 0,7 g/cm3
CBNumber:CB2855556
Molecular Formula:H12N3O4P
Molecular Weight:149.086741
MDL Number:MFCD00241367
MOL File:68333-79-9.mol
Density: 1.74[at 20℃]
vapor pressure: 0.076Pa at 20℃
storage temp.: −20°C
solubility: Aqueous Acid (Slightly)
form: Solid
color: White to Off-White
LogP: -2.148 (est)

CAS DataBase Reference: 68333-79-9
EPA Substance Registry System: Ammonium polyphosphates (68333-79-9)
Appearance: White free-flowing powder
Whiteness: 92.0 Min
pH (10% slurry -25°C): 5.5-7.5
Acid Value, KOH mg/1g: 1.0 Max
Solubility in water (25°C), g/100ml H2O: 0.50 Max
Nitrogen, w/w%: 14.0-15.0
Phosphorus (P), w/w%: 31.0-32.0
Thermal decomposition onset, °C 285 Min
Average Particle Size, D50, µm: About 15
Appearance: White free-flowing powder
Whiteness: 92.0 Min
pH (10% slurry -25°C): 5.5-7.5

Acid Value, KOH mg/1g: 1.0 Max
Solubility in water (25°C), g/100ml H2O: 0.50 Max
Nitrogen, w/w%: 14.0-15.0
Phosphorus (P), w/w%: 31.0-32.0
Thermal decomposition onset, °C: 285 Min
Average Particle Size, D50, µm: About 15
Cas No. :68333-79-9
Quantity: 5000Metric Tons
Specs:Flame retardant
Price:3.2 USD Kilograms
Payment Method: TT OR LC
Ammonium polyphosphate (APP-1 )
Molecular Formula: (NH4PO3)n
Appearance : White powder
Cas No.68333-79-9
Specifications:
P (%): 31-32
N (%): 14 min

Degree of polymerization: 1500 min
Density (g/cm3): 1.9(g/cm3)
Decomposition temperature: 275℃ max
Solubility in water (25℃g/100mlH2O): 0.2 g max
Viscosity (25°C in 10%suspension): 100 mpa.s max
PH: 5.5~7.5
Average particle size: 15um max
CAS: 68333-79-9
EINECS: 269-789-9
Molecular Formula: H12N3O4P
Molar Mass: 149.086741
Density: 1.74[at 20℃]
Vapor Presure: 0.076Pa at 20℃
Appearance: White powder
Storage Condition: −20°C



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
-Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust.
Sweep up and shovel.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Face shield and safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Sensitive to carbon dioxide Handle and store under inert gas.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE (APP-1):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available





AMMONIUM STEARATE
AMMONIUM SULFITE, N° CAS : 10196-04-0, Nom INCI : AMMONIUM SULFITE, Nom chimique : Ammonium sulphite, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 233-484-9, Classification : Règlementé, Conservateur.Ses fonctions (INCI): Agent bouclant ou lissant (coiffant) : Modifie la structure chimique des cheveux, pour les coiffer dans le style requis. Conservateur : Inhibe le développement des micro-organismes dans les produits cosmétiques. Agent réducteur : Modifie la nature chimique d'une autre substance en ajoutant de l'hydrogène ou en éliminant l'oxygène
AMMONIUM SULFITE
AMMONIUM SULFATE; AMMONIUM SULFATE, 2.0 M; AMMONIUM SULFATE REAGENT; AMMONIUM SULPHATE; AMMONIUM SULPHATE SOLUTION NO 1; AMMONIUM SULPHATE SOLUTION NO 2; Diammonium sulfate; (NH4)2 SO4; actamaster; ammoniumsulfate(2:1); ammoniumsulfate(solution); caswellno.048; diammoniumsulphate; dolamin; epapesticidechemicalcode00560; mascagnite; nsc77671; sulfatomammoniya; sulfatomammoniya(russian); Sulfuricacid,diammoniumsalt CAS NO:7783-20-2
AMMONIUM THIOLACTATE
CAS Number: 9046-01-9; Nom INCI : AMMONIUM TRIDECETH-6 PHOSPHATE, Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile). Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation. 2-(Tridecyloxy)ethyl dihydrogen phosphate , PHOSPHORIC ACID, (ETHOXYLATED TRIDECYL ALCOHOL) ESTERS; POLY(OXY-1,2-ETHANEDIYL), .ALPHA.-TRIDECYL-.OMEGA.-HYDROXY-, PHOSPHATE; POLYETHYLENEGLYCOLTRIDECYL ETHER PHOSPHATE; TRIDECYL ALCOHOL, ETHOXYLATED AND PHOSPHATED; 2-(Tridecyloxy)ethyldihydrogenphosphat [German] ; 9046-01-9 [RN]; Dihydrogénophosphate de 2-(tridécyloxy)éthyle [French] ; Ethanol, 2-(tridecyloxy)-, dihydrogen phosphate ; Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-tridecyl-ω-hydroxy-, phosphate; 2-(TRIDECYLOXY)ETHOXYPHOSPHONIC ACID. 2-(tricylcoxy) ethyl dihydrogen phosphate; PEG-10 Tridecyl ether phosphate; PEG-3 Tridecyl ether phosphate; PEG-6 Tridecyl ether phosphate; Phosphoric acid, (ethoxylated tridecyl alcohol) esters; Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-tridecyl-omega-hydroxy-, phosphate; Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-tridecyl-ω-hydroxy-, phosphate; Polyethylene glycol (3) tridecyl ether phosphate; Polyethylene glycol 300 tridecyl ether phosphate; Polyethylene glycol 500 tridecyl ether phosphate; Polyethylene glycol tridecyl ether phosphate; polyethyleneglycol tridecyl ether phosphate; Polyoxyethylene (10) tridecyl ether phosphate; Polyoxyethylene (3) tridecyl ether phosphate; Polyoxyethylene (6) tridecyl ether phosphate; Trideceth-10 phosphate; Trideceth-3 phosphate; Trideceth-6 phosphate : 2-(tridecyloxy)ethyl dihydrogen phosphate; 2-Tridecoxyethyl dihydrogen phosphate; alcohol C10-16 ethoxy phosphate; alkyl alkoxy phosphate; diethyl glycol tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate phosphate ester; Organic phosphate ester, free acid; Phosphoric acid ester with tridecyl alcohol ethoxylated~; poly(oxy-1,2-ethandiyl), α-tridecyl-ω-hydroxy-, fosfát; Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanedicyl), alpha-tridecyl-omega-hydroxy-, phosphate; Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-tridecyl-.omega.-hydroxy-, phosphate; Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), a-tridecyl-w-hydroxy-, phosphate; Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-tridecyl-omega-hydroxy-, phosphate (3-20 EO); Poly(oxy-1.2-ethanediyl),alpha-tridecyl-omega-hydroxy-, phosphate; polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate; Polyoxyethylene Tridecyl Ether Phosphate; TRIDECYL ALCOHOL, ETHOXYLATED, PHOSPHATED
AMMONIUM TRIDECETH-6 PHOSPHATE
N° CAS : 7664-41-7 , Ammoniaque, Origine(s) : Synthétique, Nom INCI : AMMONIA,Nom chimique : Ammonia, anhydrous, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 231-635-3, Ses fonctions (INCI): Régulateur de pH : Stabilise le pH des cosmétiques, Agent masquant : Réduit ou inhibe l'odeur ou le goût de base du produit
Ammoniaque
Ammonium benzoate; ammonium salt of benzoic acid; Benzoic acid ammonium salt; Ammonium benzoicum; ammoniumbenzoat; Benzoic acid, ammonium salt (1:1) CAS NO: 1863-63-4
Ammonium Benzoate
NA-9080;vulnocab;Vulnoc ABS;Amoniumbenzoate;Azanium benzoate;AMMONIUM BENZOATE;Ammonium benzoate EMPLURA;AmmoniumBenzoateExtraPure;AMMONIUMBENZOATE,PURIFIED;BENZOIC ACID AMMONIUM SALT Cas no: 1863-63-4
Ammonium Bicarbonate
Ammonium Hydrogen Carbonate; Carbonic Acid, Monoammonium Salt; Monoammonium Carbonate; Acid Ammonium Carbonate CAS NO: 1066-33-7
Ammonium fluorure ( AMMONIUM FLUORIDE)
Ammonium dodecyl sulfate; Sulfuric acid, monododecyl ester, ammonium salt; Dodecyl ester of sulfuric acid, ammonium salt; Dodecyl sulfate ammonium salt; Ammoniumdodecylsulfat; Sulfato de amonio y dodecilo; Sulfate d'ammonium et de dodécyle CAS NO:2235-54-3
Ammonium lauryl ether sulfate
Ammonium Diethylene glycol Lauryl Ether Sulfate; Ammonium Laureth Sulfate; Alpha-sulfo-omega-(Dodecyloxy)-Poly(Oxy- 1,2- ethanediyl) Ammonium Salt CAS NO : 32612-48-9
AMMONİUM LAURYL ETHER SULFATE
SYNONYMSAmmonium Diethylene glycol Lauryl Ether Sulfate;Ammonium Laureth Sulfate; Alpha-sulfo-omega-(Dodecyloxy)-Poly(Oxy- 1,2- ethanediyl) Ammonium Salt; CAS NO:32612-48-9
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate ( ALS )
No CAS: 2235-54-3, Ammonium lauryl sulfate, Ammonium dodecyl sulfate, - Sulfuric acid, monododecyl ester, ammonium salt, - Ammonium dodecyl sulfate, -Ammonium n-dodecyl sulfate, - Lauryl ammonium sulfate Le laurylsulfate d'ammonium ou sulfate de lauryle ammonium (SLA), en anglais ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS), est une dénomination générique désignant une famille de molécules (les alkylsulfates ou sulfates alkylés], de formule semi-développée CH3(CH2)10CH2OSO3NH4, appartenant à 3 classes d'organosulfates structurellement proches d'autres agents de surface anioniques. Le laurylsulfate d'ammonium ou sulfate de lauryle ammonium (SLA), en anglais ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS), est une dénomination générique désignant une famille de molécules (les alkylsulfates ou sulfates alkylés], de formule semi-développée CH3(CH2)10CH2OSO3NH4, appartenant à 3 classes d'organosulfates structurellement proches d'autres agents de surface anioniques. (Remarque : on parle d'alkylsulfates à chaîne courte quand leur squelette porte 12 à 14 atomes de carbone et à chaîne longue quand ils en ont plus). Ces molécules peuvent se lier chimiquement avec des parties non-polaires d'autres molécules tandis que leur tête (ion sulfate, très polaire) se lie avec des molécules polaires (dont les molécules d'eau). Le SLA est classé comme un sulfate alkylé anionique ; c'est un puissant surfactant5. À partir d'une certaine température (dite température de Krafft ou point de Krafft), les forces de Van der Waals lui font adopter la forme de micelles autour des molécules polaires en suspension dans l'eau. Les SLA sont étiquetés "Irritant Xi" (R38: Irritant pour la peau, R41: Risque de lésions oculaires graves). Les produits qui en contiennent des quantités significatives (gel douche ou un shampooing) doivent être bien rincés après avoir été appliqués sur la peau. Les SLA étant biodégradables à 95 %, on leur adjoint souvent d'autres molécules biocides
Ammonium lauryl sulfate ( Laurylsulfate d'ammonium)
Ammonium Lignosulfonate; Lignosulfonic acid, ammonium salt; cas no: 8061-53-8
Ammonium Lignosulfonate
Peroxydisulfuric Acid Diammonium Salt; Ammonium Peroxodisulfate; Ammonium Peroxydisulfate; diammonium peroxodisulfate CAS NO:7727-54-0
Ammonium propionate
Ammonium propionate; Propanoic acid, ammonium salt (1:1); Calcium Propionate, Magnesium Propionate, Potassium Propionate; Sodium Propionate CAS NO :17496-08-1
Ammonium Sulfate
AMODIMETHICONE,aminofunctional polysiloxan, N° CAS : 71750-80-6,Dimethylsiloxane, polymer, (((3-((2-aminoethyl)amino)propyl)-dimethoxysilyl)oxy)-terminated; Classification : Silicone, L'amodimethicone est un silicone dérivé du dimethicone, utilisé principalement dans les shampooings et soins capillaires pour ses propriétés électrostatiques. Il rend les cheveux doux, faciles à coiffer et brillants. L'avantage de ce silicone par rapport au dimethicone est que, bien qu'il soit difficile à enlever avec un shampooing, il évite que d'autres polymères du même type ne puissent se "re-déposer" sur lui-même, ainsi l'accumulation décriée avec le dimethicone, qui rend le cheveux lourd, n'existe plus ici. Tout comme le dimethicone, la molécule ne pose pas de problème particulier sur la santé humaine (directement en tout cas). Toutefois, elle est peu biodégradable et son impact sur la planète tant du point de vue de sa fabrication que de son rejet dans la nature n'est pas négligeable.Ses fonctions (INCI). Antistatique : Réduit l'électricité statique en neutralisant la charge électrique sur une surface. Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance
Ammonium Thiocyanate
Ammonium Thiocyanate; Thiocyanic acid ammonium salt; Amthio; Ammonium isothiocyanate; Ammonium sulfocanide; Ammonium sulphocyanide; Ammonium rhodanide; Ammonium sulphocyanate; Ammonium rhodonide; Amthio; Ammonium sulfocyanate; Rhodanine ammonium salt; cas no: 1762-95-4
ammonium thioglycolate
AMMONIUM THIOGLYCOLATE; Ammonium Mercaptoacetate; Mercapto-Acetic Acid; Monoammonium Salt; Thioglycollic Acid, Ammonium Salt;Perm salt; Ammonium thioglycolate solution; Thioglycollic acid, ammonium salt CAS NO:5421-46-5
AMMONYUM LAURİL ETER SÜLFAT %25
SLES alternatifi, yüksek köpük özellikli, iritasyonu SLES'ten daha düşük yüzey aktif