Detergents, Cosmetics, Disinfectants, Pharma Chemicals

PEG-40 SORBITAN STEARATE
PEG-40 STEARATE, N° CAS : 9004-99-3, Origine(s) : Synthétique, Nom INCI : PEG-40 STEARATE.Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse, Tensioactif non ionique.Ses fonctions (INCI): Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile). Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation. Noms français : POLY(OXY-1,2-ETHANEDIYL), ALPHA-(1-OXOOCTADECYL)-OMEGA-HYDROXY-; POLY(OXY-1,2-ETHANEDIYL),ALPHA-(1-OXOOCTADECYL)-OMEGA-HYDROXY-; Stéarate de polyéthylène glycol. Noms anglais : ETHOXYLATED STEARIC ACID; GLYCOL POLYETHYLENE MONOSTEARATE #200; GLYCOLS, POLYETHYLENE, MONOSTEARATE; MONOSTEARATE POLYETHYLENE GLYCOLS; POLY(OXY-1,2-ETHANEDIYL), ALPHA-1-(OXOOCTADECYL)-OMEGA-HYDROXY-; POLY(OXYETHYLENE) MONOSTEARATE; POLY(OXYETHYLENE) STEARATE; POLY(OXYETHYLENE) STEARIC ACID ESTER; POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (100) MONOSTEARATE; POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 200 MONOSTEARATE; POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 4000 MONOSTEARATE; POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOSTEARATE POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOSTEARATE #1000; POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOSTEARATE #200; POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOSTEARATE #400; Polyethylene glycol stearate; POLYETHYLENE OXIDE STEARATE; POLYOXYETHYLENE 50 STEARATE; POLYOXYETHYLENE(8)STEARATE; POLYOXYETHYLENE-8-MONOSTEARATE. Utilisation et sources d'émission: Agent dispersant, lubrifiant
PEG-40 Sorbitan Perisostearate
PEG-40 SORBITAN PERISOSTEARATE, PEG-40 SORBITAN PERISOSTEARATE is classified as : Emulsifying Surfactant. Chem/IUPAC Name: 1,4-Anhydro-D-glucitol, ethoxylated, isooctadecanoates (1:4) (40 mol EO average molar ratio) . The PEGs Sorbitan and Sorbitol Fatty Acid Esters (PEG-20 Sorbitan Cocoate, PEG-40 Sorbitan Diisostearate, PEG-2 Sorbitan Isostearate, PEG-5 Sorbitan Isosteatate, PEG-20 Sorbitan Isostearate, PEG-40 Sorbitan Lanolate, PEG-75 Sorbitan Lanolate, PEG-10 Sorbitan Laurate, PEG-40 Sorbitan Laurate, PEG-44 Sorbitan Laurate, PEG-75 Sorbitan Laurate, PEG-80 Sorbitan Laurate, PEG-3 Sorbitan Oleate, PEG-6 Sorbitan Oleate, PEG-80 Sorbitan Palmitate, PEG-40 Sorbitan Perisostearate, PEG-40 Sorbitan Peroleate, PEG-3 Sorbitan Stearate, PEG-6 Sorbitan Stearate, PEG-40 Sorbitan Stearate, PEG-60 Sorbitan Stearate, PEG-30 Sorbitan Tetraoleate, PEG-40 Sorbitan Tetraoleate, PEG-60 Sorbitan Tetraoleate, PEG-60 Sorbitan Tetrasterate, PEG-160 Sorbitan Triisostearate; PEG-20 Sorbitan Triisostearate, Sorbeth-40 Hexaoleate, Sorbeth-50 Hexaoleate, Sorbeth-30 Tetraoleate Laurate, Sorbeth-60 Tetrastearate) range from tan, waxy solids and amber-colored pastes to clear yellow liquids. The PEGs Sorbitan and Sorbitol Fatty Acid Esters are used in the formulation of a variety of products, including shampoos, hair conditioners, hair dyes and colors, bath products, skin cleansers, skin fresherners, makeup bases and foundations, and other hair and skin care products Why is it used in cosmetics and personal care products? The PEG Sorbitan/Sorbitol Fatty Acid Esters help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified and they help other ingredients to dissolve in a solvent in which they would not normally dissolve. The PEGs Sorbitan/Sorbitol Fatty Acid Esters also clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away. Scientific Facts: The PEG Sorbitan/Sorbitol Fatty Acid Esters are ethoxylated sorbitan and sorbitol esters of fatty acids. In cosmetics and personal care products, the PEG Sorbitan/Sorbitol Fatty Acid Esters function as surfactants (emulsifying, cleansing, and solubilizing agents).No Beschreibung: Product code: SIS/400 Applications: It offers excellent low temperature properties and exhibits good oxidative stability. It shows high solubility, low odour, low foam, and compatibility in a wide variety of complex formulations with ester oils, silicone-based emulsifiers and colour cosmetics. Its sensorial experience, which is comparable with isopropyl myristate, is of light feeling. Quick spreadability together with fast penetration make it suitable for functions as emollient, emulsifier and spreading agent.
PEG-40 STEARATE
PEG-400, N° CAS : 25322-68-3.Origine(s) : Synthétique. Nom INCI : PEG-400. Additif alimentaire : E1521. Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse,Ses fonctions (INCI) : Agent fixant : Permet la cohésion de différents ingrédients cosmétiques Stabilisateur d'émulsion : Favorise le processus d'émulsification et améliore la stabilité et la durée de conservation de l'émulsion Solvant : Dissout d'autres substances
PEG-40 STEARATE
Peg-40 Stearate is solution has high viscosity at low concentration, and can be processed by calendering, extrusion, casting, etc.
PEG-40 Stearate is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative of stearic acid.
Peg-40 Stearate is an emulsifying agent and surfactant commonly used in the formulation of cosmetic and personal care products.

CAS Number: 9004-99-3
Molecular Formula: C34H70O9
Molecular Weight: 622.91
EINECS Number: 618-405-1

PEG-40 stearate,E-431,INS NO.431,INS-431,POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (40 DP) MONOSTEARATE,POLYOXYETHYLENE(40)MONOSTEARATE,POLYOXYL 40 MONOSTEARATE,POLYOXYL(40)STEARATE,2-Hydroxyethyl stearate, Glycol stearate,9004-99-3,2-Hydroxyethyl octadecanoate

PEG-40 Stearate helps to stabilize emulsions, preventing the separation of oil and water components in a formulation.
Peg-40 Stearate has a low vapour pressure and is stable to heat, acids and bases.
Peg-40 Stearate is a thermoplastic resin with good compatibility with other resins.

Peg-40 Stearate does not interact with many chemicals. It has good hygroscopicity, lubricity and bonding properties.
Peg-40 Stearate is white granular.

PEG-40 Stearate is known for its ability to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble substances in water and is often used to create products with a lighter texture.
Peg-40 Stearate can be found in a variety of personal care items such as creams, lotions, cleansers, and makeup products.

Peg-40 Stearate is the polyethylene glycol ester of stearic acid.
Peg-40 Stearate is a nonionic mild fatty acid ester used primarily as a surfactant.
Peg-40 Stearate is a mixture of the monoand diesters of stearic acid and mixed polyoxyethylene diols having an average polymer length of 7.5 oxyethylene units.

Peg-40 Stearate is a polymer with the chemical formula HO(CH2CH2O)nH.
Peg-40 Stearate is properties vary according to its molecular weight, from a colourless and odourless viscous liquid to a waxy solid.
Peg-40 Stearate is a liquid at room temperature with a molecular weight of 200 to 600, and gradually becomes a semi-solid with a molecular weight above 600, with different properties depending on the average molecular weight.

As the molecular weight increases, Peg-40 Stearate is hygroscopic capacity decreases accordingly.
Peg-40 Stearate is resistant to bacterial erosion and has weak hygroscopicity in the atmosphere.
Peg-40 Stearate is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative of stearic acid.

Peg-40 Stearates are a family of compounds that are formed by polymerizing ethylene oxide, and they are often used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries as emollients, emulsifiers, and solubilizing agents.
Peg-40 Stearate is soluble in water, ethanol and many other organic solvents.
Peg-40 Stearate also imparts better spreading characteristics to creams and lotions and can be used as an emulsifier, lubricating agent and dispersant.

PEG-40 Stearate is primarily employed as an emulsifier, helping to create stable mixtures of oil and water in cosmetic and personal care products.
Emulsifiers play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of these formulations, ensuring that water and oil-based ingredients remain evenly distributed.
Peg-40 Stearate contributes to the texture and consistency of a product, providing a smooth and desirable feel.

This is particularly important in skincare and cosmetic products where consumers often expect a certain texture and ease of application.
Peg-40 Stearate acts as a solubilizing agent, enhancing the solubility of different ingredients in water.
This property is valuable for incorporating both water-soluble and oil-soluble components into a single formulation.

Peg-40 Stearate aids in the spreadability of products on the skin or hair, allowing for easy application and absorption.
Peg-40 Stearate is often found in cleansing formulations, such as facial cleansers and body washes, where it helps to emulsify and remove dirt, oils, and other impurities.
In hair care products like shampoos and conditioners, PEG-40 Stearate can contribute to the emulsion stability and overall performance of the product.

Peg-40 Stearate is a saturated fatty acid found in various animal and vegetable fats.
When combined with polyethylene glycol to form PEG-200 Stearate, it serves as an emulsifying agent.
Emulsifiers help stabilize and maintain the consistency of mixtures containing both water and oil components.

In cosmetics, Peg-40 Stearate may be used in creams, lotions, and other skincare products to improve texture, stability, and the overall performance of the formulation.
Peg-40 Stearate is a polyether compound derived from petroleum with many applications, from industrial manufacturing to medicine.
Peg-40 Stearates are poly condensation products of ethylene glycol, or polymerisation products of ethylene oxide.

The number added to the name refers to the mean number of ethylene oxide units in the Peg-40 Stearate.
The consistency of the PEG derivatives is increasingly solid with a growing degree of polymerisation.
Peg-40 Stearates with a mean molar mass of up to 600 g/mol are liquid, up to 1,000 g/mol wax-like and from 4,000 g/mol solid wax-like substances.

By mixing solid and liquid components, products of a creamy consistency are obtained which are used as water-free and water rinse-off bases.
With growing molar mass water solubility and hygroscopicity (ability to absorb moisture) of the polyethylene glycols decrease.
Peg-40 Stearates and their derivates are preferentially used in cosmetic products since they have a broad spectrum of viscosity and solubility properties and have a very good skin tolerance.

As water soluble, non-greasy substances polyethylene glycols are suitable for many cosmetic purposes.
The liquid Peg-40 Stearates serve, eg, as glycerol substitute in facial, shaving and hair lotions, as solubilisers and solvents.
Peg-40 Stearate is also known as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyoxyethylene (POE), depending on its molecular weight.

The structure of PEG is commonly expressed as H−(O−CH2−CH2)n−OH.
Peg-40 Stearate serve as consistency enhancers in lipsticks and creams as well as humectants.
Having immense market shares in the market, fulfill the wide requirements of patrons by providing top quality Peg-40 Stearate Mono And Di Stearates.

The offered product is processed using quality tested compounds with the help of latest methodology under the observation of deft professionals.
Provided product is used an emulsifier and water treatment industry viscosity controllers and processing aid in textile industry.
Apart from this, the offered Peg-40 Stearate can be availed from us at competitive prices by our valuable clients.

Peg-40 Stearate Market size is expected to develop revenue and exponential market growth at a remarkable CAGR during the forecast period from 2023–2030.
Peg-40 Stearate is listed as particularly applicable for hand and body lotions and creams.
Peg-40 Stearate is an emulsifier.

Peg-40 Stearate is part of a family of PEG-stearate compounds, with the number indicating the average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol chain.
In this case, Peg-40 Stearate has a polyethylene glycol chain with an average molecular weight of 200.
The stearate portion of the molecule is derived from stearic acid, a long-chain fatty acid.

Peg-40 Stearate is primary function is as an emulsifying agent, helping to stabilize and blend water and oil-based ingredients in formulations.
The growth of the market can be attributed to the increasing demand for Peg-40 Stearate owning to the Cosmetic, Skin Care Products, Hair Care Products, Other Applications across the global level.
The report provides insights regarding the lucrative opportunities in the Peg-40 Stearate at the country level.

They are well tolerated by the skin and are not microbiologically sensitive, so that in general it is not necessary to add any preservatives.
Peg-40 Stearate report represents gathered information about a market within an industry or various industries.
The Peg-40 Stearate Market report includes analysis in terms of both quantitative and qualitative data with a forecast period of the report extending from 2023 to 2030.

The report is prepared to take into consideration various factors such as Product pricing, Product or services penetration at both country and regional levels, Country GDP, market dynamics of parent market & child markets, End application industries, major players, consumer buying behavior, economic, political, social scenarios of countries, many others.
The report is divided into various segments to offer a detailed analysis of the market from every possible aspect of the market.
The overall report focuses on primary sections such as – market segments, market outlook, competitive landscape, and company profiles.

Peg-40 Stearate can contribute to the smoothness and spreadability of a product.
Peg-40 Stearate helps improve the overall sensory experience of applying creams and lotions.
Due to its emulsifying properties, products containing Peg-40 Stearate may enhance hydration by combining water and oil components effectively.

This is beneficial for moisturizing and hydrating formulations.
Peg-40 Stearate is often compatible with a wide range of cosmetic and personal care ingredients, making it versatile for use in various formulations.
Peg-40 Stearate can also be found in some cleansing products, contributing to the formulation's ability to remove dirt and oil from the skin.

Peg-40 Stearate is an emulsifier and antifoaming agent used in processed foods, fruit jellies, and sauces.
Peg-40 Stearate has been used in a study to assess the phase behaviors of special hot microemulsion to produce drug-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers.
Peg-40 Stearate has also been used in a study to investigate its effects on multidrug resistance.

Peg-40 Stearate compounds are produced through a process called ethoxylation, which involves reacting ethylene oxide with a precursor compound.
The extent of ethoxylation determines the length of the Peg-40 Stearate chain.
The segments provide details in terms of various perspectives such as end-use industry, product or service type, and any other relevant segmentation as per the market’s current scenario which includes various aspects to perform further marketing activity.

The market outlook section gives a detailed analysis of market evolution, growth drivers, restraints, opportunities, and challenges, Porter’s 5 Force’s Framework, macroeconomic analysis, value chain analysis and pricing analysis that directly shape the market at present and over the forecasted period.
Peg-40 Stearate is used globally in a wide range of personal care and cosmetic products.
Peg-40 Stearate is acceptance and use are driven by its functional properties and its ability to enhance the performance of various formulations.

Peg-40 Stearate is used in cosmetics and beauty products primarily as a surfactant and emulsifier.
Peg-40 Stearate occurs naturally as a white, waxy or flaky substance.
The drivers and restraints cover the internal factors of the market whereas opportunities and challenges are the external factors that are affecting the market.
The market outlook section also gives an indication of the trends influencing new business development and investment opportunities.

Melting point: 47 °C
Flash point: 39 °C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
Water Solubility: Soluble in water
solubility: Chloroform (Slighty), Methanol (Slightly)
form: powder to lump
color: White to Almost white
Odor: at 100.00?%. mild fatty
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB): 18.8
LogP: 7.629 (est)

Peg-40 Stearate is sometimes used in combination with other emulsifiers to optimize stability and achieve specific texture and performance goals.
Peg-40 Stearate, like other PEG derivatives, has a specific HLB value.
This value determines the balance between its hydrophilic (water-attracting) and lipophilic (oil-attracting) properties.

The Peg-40 Stearate value is crucial for formulators when selecting emulsifiers to achieve the desired characteristics in a product.
Blending different emulsifiers allows formulators to fine-tune the properties of a product.
Peg-40 Stearate Stearate can contribute to the viscosity or thickness of a product.

This can be advantageous in creating creams and lotions with a desirable consistency for easy application and spreadability.
In some formulations, Peg-40 Stearate may play a role in enhancing the absorption or penetration of other active ingredients into the skin.
During the manufacturing process, attention is given to controlling the molecular weight and purity of Peg-40 Stearate to meet quality standards.

This includes measures to minimize impurities that could potentially be present, such as 1,4-dioxane.
Peg-40 Stearates enables a significant reduction of the active surfactant level in standard cleansing formulations.
In addition, the extraordinary efficiency and high flexibility of Peg-40 Stearate facilitate the thickening of challenging surfactant systems, such as sulfate-free formulas, effectively supporting the trend for milder cleansing in personal care.

Peg-40 Stearate is a mixture of polyethylene glycol esters.
Peg-40 Stearate is compatible with lipophilic compounds due to a higher free fatty acid content.
Suggested applications: cosmetic formulations, lubricants.

Peg-40 Stearate is a high molecular weight, high HLB surface active agent suggested for use in cosmetic formulations (emulsifier, viscosity modifier) and in lubricants (emulsifier).
The larger the surfactantn of Peg-40 Stearate is a neutral, the lower the saponification value (mgKOH/g) and the larger the HLB value.
The pH of 1% aqueous solution is between 5.0 and 7.5, in which n≤ 8 is diffusive in water and has good flexibility and lubricity.

Peg-40 Stearate can be used as a softener for fiber processing and has good antistatic and lubricity.
Peg-40 Stearate is use softener during fabric weaving to reduce breakage and improve fabric feel.
As an emulsifier in cosmetics, the general dosage is 1-3%.

Peg-40 Stearate can also be used as a co-emulsifier for the emulsification of paraffin wax.
Peg-40 Stearate is used as emulsifier in lubricating oil production.
The 100% active, preservative-free solid is clearly soluble in water and processable at room temperature.

Peg-40 Stearate is a non-ionic surfactant, which is permitted for use as the E number food additive E431.
This property is important in skincare products where effective delivery of active compounds is desired.
Peg-40 Stearate is used as softener and antistatic agent in textile industry, emulsifier and solubilizer in cosmetics, food and pharmaceutical industry, and can also be used for emulsification of cardboard, construction board and waterproof wax. 40 ≤n≤ 100, soluble in water, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, etc., with good emulsification, wetting, complexation and thickening properties.

As an emulsifier, solubilizer, ointment matrix in the pharmaceutical industry, as an emulsifier and detergent in the cosmetics industry, as a softener and antistatic agent in the textile industry, and as an emulsifying additive in the food industry.
Peg-40 Stearate is a neutral surfactant.
Peg-40 Stearate itself is generally regarded as safe for use in cosmetics, the overall safety of a product also depends on the specific formulation and the concentration of ingredients.

Regulatory bodies in different countries, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Commission, set guidelines for the use of cosmetic ingredients to ensure product safety.
Peg-40 Stearate is considered safe for use in cosmetics, individuals with very sensitive skin may want to be cautious and patch-test products containing this ingredient, as with any new skincare or cosmetic product.
Peg-40 Stearates are known for their biodegradability, which is a positive environmental characteristic.

However, the overall environmental impact of a product depends on its complete formulation, including other ingredients and packaging.
Peg-40 Stearate has been recommended as an additive to the radiolabelled 7H12 Middlebrook TB media and as such has been shown to enhance growth of mycobacteria in the radiometric BACTEC rapid culture system.
Peg-40 Stearate produces the greatest enhancement in growth and reduction in the time taken to detect growth for M. tuberculosis and polyoxyethylene (30) stearate and polyoxyethylene (JL) stearate for species of mycobacteria other than M. tuberculosis.

Peg-40 Stearate inhibits P-gp mediated efflux in a concentration dependent manner mainly by modulating substrate-stimulated P-gp ATPase activity.
Peg-40 Stearate is commonly used in a variety of cosmetic and personal care products, including creams, lotions, sunscreens, and other skincare formulations.
Peg-40 Stearate is versatility and ability to improve the stability of emulsions make it a popular choice for formulators.

Peg-40 Stearate reduces vinblastine sulfate efllux.
The cytotoxicity of vinblastine to K562/ADR cells is significantly enhanced when the cells are cotreated with 100 or 150 μg/mL Peg-40 Stearate.
Peg-40 Stearate is a neutral surfactant.

Peg-40 Stearate is a non-ionic surfactant, which is permitted for use as the E number food additive E431.
Peg-40 Stearate is an octadecanoate ester composed of repeating 8-40 ethyleneoxy units.

Peg-40 Stearate is an ingredient used in cosmetics.
Peg-40 Stearate is an ingredient used in beauty products primarily as a surfactant and emulsifier.
Peg-40 Stearate is a mixture of the monoand diesters of stearic acid.

Peg-40 Stearate is mixed polyoxyethylene diols having an average polymer length of 7.5 oxyethylene units.
Emulsions that contain PEG-200 Stearate tend to have improved stability over time.
This stability is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the product and preventing phase separation (separation of water and oil phases).

Peg-40 Stearate acts as a surfactant, which means it can reduce the surface tension between different phases in a formulation.
This property is valuable in achieving a homogenous blend of ingredients.
Peg-40 Stearate can enhance the solubility of certain ingredients in formulations.

Uses:
Peg-40 Stearate is used as a base or lubricant and softener in the pharmaceutical, textile and cosmetic industries; used as a dispersant in the paint industry to improve the water dispersibility and flexibility of resins, with a dosage of 10-30%; used to improve the solubility of dyestuffs and reduce their volatility in printing ink, especially in wax paper and printing ink, also used to adjust the consistency of ink in biros ink.
Peg-40 Stearate is used as metal processing casting agent, lubricant and cutting fluid for metal drawing, stamping or forming, grinding cooling lubricating polishing agent, welding agent, etc.; used as lubricant in paper industry, etc., also used as hot melt adhesive to increase fast rewetting ability.

Peg-40 Stearate good coating material, hydrophilic polishing material, film and capsule material, plasticizer, lubricant and drip matrix for the preparation of tablets, pills, capsules, microcapsules, etc.
PEG-40 Stearate is widely used as an emulsifying agent in cosmetic formulations.
Peg-40 Stearate helps to create stable emulsions by dispersing and stabilizing the oil and water phases in a product.

This is particularly important in creams, lotions, and other emulsion-based formulations.
Peg-40 Stearate can improve the wetting and spreading properties of cosmetic products.
Peg-40 Stearate helps to break down the surface tension between different ingredients, facilitating their even distribution.

Peg-40 Stearate contributes to the texture of cosmetic products, providing a smooth and creamy consistency.
Peg-40 Stearate enhances the feel and application of creams, lotions, and other skincare formulations.
Peg-40 Stearate acts as a solubilizing agent, aiding in the incorporation of both water-soluble and oil-soluble ingredients into a single formulation.

This is particularly useful in creating well-blended products.
Peg-40 Stearate is often found in cleansers, including facial cleansers and body washes.
Peg-40 Stearate is emulsifying properties help in the effective removal of dirt, oils, and impurities from the skin.

Peg-40 Stearate is used in hair care products such as shampoos and conditioners to contribute to the emulsion stability and texture.
Peg-40 Stearate can also help in the even distribution of active ingredients on the hair.
Peg-40 Stearate may be included in the formulation of various makeup products, such as foundations, creams, and lotions, to improve texture, stability, and application.

Peg-40 Stearate is found in a variety of topical formulations, including moisturizers, sunscreens, and serums, where its emulsifying and solubilizing properties are beneficial.
Peg-40 Stearate is used as a finishing agent in the paper industry to increase the gloss and smoothness of paper; as an additive in the rubber industry to increase the lubricity and plasticity of rubber products, reduce the power consumption during processing and extend the service life of rubber products.
Peg-40 Stearate is also used as a dispersant in the rubber industry to promote vulcanisation and as a dispersant for carbon black filling materials.

Peg-40 Stearate is an emulsifier and antifoaming agent used in processed foods, fruit jellies, and sauces.
Peg-40 Stearate is used as a surfactant, emulsifier (cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textile finishes, defoamers, and baked goods), dye assistant, lubricant, and antistatic agent; Also used in dentifrice compositions and to make creams, lotions, ointments, and pharmaceutical preparations.
Peg-40 Stearate is used as an excipient in many pharmaceutical products, in oral, topical, and parenteral dosage forms.

Peg-40 Stearate is the basis of a number of laxatives (as MiraLax, RestoraLAX, etc.).
Whole bowel irrigation with Peg-40 Stearate and added electrolytes is used for bowel preparation before surgery or colonoscopy or for children with constipation.
Macrogol (with brand names such as Laxido, GoLytely and Miralax) is the generic name for polyethylene glycol used as a laxative.

The name may be followed by a number which represents the average molecular weight (e.g. macrogol 3350, macrogol 4000 or macrogol 6000).
The possibility that PEG could be used to fuse axons is being explored by researchers studying peripheral nerve and spinal cord injury.
An example of Peg-40 Stearates in a therapeutic has been theorized by Ma et al. They propose using the hydrogel to address periodontitis (gum disease) by encapsulating stem cells in the gel that promote healing in the gums.

The gel with encapsulated stem cells was to be injected into the site of disease and crosslinked to create the microenvironment required for the stem cells to function.
Peg-40 Stearate is listed as particularly applicable for hand and body lotions and creams.
A Peg-40 Stearate lipid is used as an excipient in both the Moderna and Pfizer–BioNTech vaccines for SARS-CoV-2.

Both RNA vaccines consist of messenger RNA, or mRNA, encased in a bubble of oily molecules called lipids.
Peg-40 Stearate lipid technology is used for each.
Peg-40 Stearate is also commonly used as a polar stationary phase for gas chromatography, as well as a heat transfer fluid in electronic testers.

Peg-40 Stearate is frequently used to preserve waterlogged wood and other organic artifacts that have been salvaged from underwater archaeological contexts, as was the case with the warship Vasa in Stockholm, and similar cases.
Peg-40 Stearate replaces water in wooden objects, making the wood dimensionally stable and preventing warping or shrinking of the wood when it dries.
In addition, Peg-40 Stearate is used when working with green wood as a stabilizer, and to prevent shrinkage.

Peg-40 Stearate has been used to preserve the painted colors on Terracotta Warriors unearthed at a UNESCO World Heritage site in China.
These painted artifacts were created during the Qin Shi Huang (first emperor of China) era.
Within 15 seconds of the terra-cotta pieces being unearthed during excavations, the lacquer beneath the paint begins to curl after being exposed to the dry Xi'an air.

The paint would subsequently flake off in about four minutes.
The German Bavarian State Conservation Office developed a Peg-40 Stearate preservative that when immediately applied to unearthed artifacts has aided in preserving the colors painted on the pieces of clay soldiers.
Peg-40 Stearate is often used (as an internal calibration compound) in mass spectrometry experiments, with its characteristic fragmentation pattern allowing accurate and reproducible tuning.

Peg-40 Stearate derivatives, such as narrow range ethoxylates, are used as surfactants.
Peg-40 Stearate can be used as a medium for organic synthesis and a heat carrier with high requirements.
Peg-40 Stearate is used as a humectant, inorganic salt solubilizer and viscosity adjuster in the daily chemical industry; as a softener and antistatic agent in the textile industry; as a wetting agent in the paper and pesticide industry.

Peg-40 Stearate is most suitable for softgels.
Peg-40 Stearate is a liquid, it has a wide range of compatibility with various solvents and is a good solvent and solubiliser, and is widely used in liquid formulations, such as oral liquids and eye drops.
Peg-40 Stearate has been used as the hydrophilic block of amphiphilic block copolymers used to create some polymersomes.

Peg-40 Stearate is a component of the propellent used in UGM-133M Trident II Missiles, in service with the United States Navy.
An example study was done using Peg-40 Stearate-diacrylate hydrogels to recreate vascular environments with the encapsulation of endothelial cells and macrophages.
This model furthered vascular disease modeling and isolated macrophage phenotype's effect on blood vessels.

Peg-40 Stearate is commonly used as a crowding agent in in vitro assays to mimic highly crowded cellular conditions.
Although polyethylene glycol is considered biologically inert, it can form non-covalent complexes with monovalent cations such as Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+, affecting equilibrium constants of biochemical reactions.
Peg-40 Stearate is commonly used as a precipitant for plasmid DNA isolation and protein crystallization.

X-ray diffraction of protein crystals can reveal the atomic structure of the proteins.
Peg-40 Stearate is used to fuse two different types of cells, most often B-cells and myelomas in order to create hybridomas.
In microbiology, Peg-40 Stearate precipitation is used to concentrate viruses.

Peg-40 Stearate is also used to induce complete fusion (mixing of both inner and outer leaflets) in liposomes reconstituted in vitro.
Gene therapy vectors (such as viruses) can be PEG-coated to shield them from inactivation by the immune system and to de-target them from organs where they may build up and have a toxic effect.
Peg-40 Stearate is the material of choice when vegetable oils are not suitable as a carrier for active ingredients.

Peg-40 Stearate a nitrate ester-plasticized polyethylene glycol (NEPE-75) is used in Trident II submarine-launched ballistic missile solid rocket fuel.
Dimethyl ethers of Peg-40 Stearate are the key ingredient of Selexol, a solvent used by coal-burning, integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants to remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from the syngas stream.
Peg-40 Stearate has been used as the gate insulator in an electric double-layer transistor to induce superconductivity in an insulator.

Peg-40 Stearate is also used as a polymer host for solid polymer electrolytes.
Peg-40 Stearate is also used as an anti-foaming agent in food and drinks[32] – its INS number is 1521[33] or E1521 in the EU.
Peg-40 Stearate has been used in a study to assess the phase behaviors of special hot microemulsion to produce drug-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers.

Peg-40 Stearate has also been used in a study to investigate its effects on multidrug resistance (MDR).
Peg-40 Stearate has been used in a study to assess the phase behaviors of special hot microemulsion to produce drug-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers.
Peg-40 Stearate has also been used in a study to investigate its effects on multidrug resistance (MDR).

Peg-40 Stearate serves as an emulsifying agent, helping to blend water and oil-based ingredients in formulations.
This is particularly important in creams, lotions, and other skincare products where a stable and uniform texture is desired.
Peg-40 Stearate contributes to the smoothness and spreadability of cosmetic and personal care products.

This enhances the sensory experience of applying creams, lotions, and other formulations.
Peg-40 Stearate improves the stability of emulsions over time, preventing the separation of water and oil phases.
This is crucial for maintaining the integrity and appearance of the product throughout its shelf life.

Due to its emulsifying properties, products containing Peg-40 Stearate can enhance hydration by effectively combining water and oil components.
This is beneficial for moisturizing and hydrating formulations.
Peg-40 Stearate may be found in some cleansing products, contributing to the formulation's ability to remove dirt and oil from the skin.

Peg-40 Stearate can act as a thickening agent, helping to give certain formulations a desired viscosity.
This is particularly useful in creating creams and lotions with a consistent and pleasant texture.
Although not yet in commercial production, many groups around the globe are engaged in research on solid polymer electrolytes involving Peg-40 Stearate, with the aim of improving their properties, and in permitting their use in batteries, electro-chromic display systems, and other products in the future.

Peg-40 Stearate is injected into industrial processes to reduce foaming in separation equipment.
Peg-40 Stearate is used as a binder in the preparation of technical ceramics.
Peg-40 Stearate can improve the solubility of certain ingredients in formulations, making it easier to incorporate a diverse range of components into a product.

Peg-40 Stearate may enhance the absorption or penetration of other active ingredients into the skin.
This is particularly relevant in skincare products where the effective delivery of active compounds is important.
Peg-40 Stearate is sometimes included in hair care products such as conditioners and styling products.

Peg-40 Stearate is emulsifying properties can contribute to the even distribution of conditioning agents, improving the overall performance of the product.
Peg-40 Stearate may be used to help disperse UV filters evenly, improving the product's effectiveness and providing a smoother application.
Peg-40 Stearate is utilized in a wide range of cosmetic formulations, including foundations, concealers, and color cosmetics.

Peg-40 Stearate is emulsifying and stabilizing properties contribute to the uniform blending of pigments and other ingredients.
Peg-40 Stearate can be found in pharmaceutical ointments and topical medications.
Peg-40 Stearate is emulsifying properties aid in the formulation of stable and easy-to-apply medicinal creams.

In certain wound care formulations, Peg-40 Stearate may be used to improve the spreadability of the product and facilitate the application of active ingredients.
Peg-40 Stearate is often chosen for formulations that include both water-soluble and oil-soluble active ingredients, as it helps create a compatible and effective product.
In some formulations, Peg-40 Stearate can be used as an alternative to petroleum jelly.

Peg-40 Stearate provides a similar smooth texture and emollient properties without the heavy feel associated with petroleum-based products.
Peg-40 Stearate was used as an additive to silver halide photographic emulsions.
Peg-40 Stearate is the basis of many skin creams (as cetomacrogol) and personal lubricants.

Peg-40 Stearate is used in a number of toothpastes[5] as a dispersant. In this application, it binds water and helps keep xanthan gum uniformly distributed throughout the toothpaste.
Peg-40 Stearate is also under investigation for use in body armor, and in tattoos to monitor diabetes.

Peg-40 Stearate is compatible with lipophilic compounds due to a higher free fatty acid content.
Suggested applications: cosmetic formulations, lubricants.

Safety Profile:
Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to certain PEG derivatives, including PEG-40 Stearate.
Skin irritation, redness, or allergic reactions are possible in susceptible individuals.
Performing a patch test before using products containing this ingredient can help identify any adverse reactions.

Peg-40 Stearate compounds can sometimes be contaminated with impurities, such as ethylene oxide and 1,4-dioxane, during the manufacturing process.
These contaminants are known to be potential carcinogens. However, reputable manufacturers take measures to minimize these impurities in their products.
In some cases, PEG-40 Stearate may contribute to the penetration of other ingredients through the skin, potentially allowing them to be absorbed into the bloodstream.

This is a consideration for individuals who prefer products with minimal ingredient absorption.
Due to its ubiquity in a multitude of products and the large percentage of the population with antibodies to PEG, hypersensitive reactions to Peg-40 Stearate are an increasing concern.
Very slightly toxic by ingestion.

PEG-40 STEARATE
PEG-40 STEARATE = POLYOXYETHYLENE (40) STEARATE = POLYOXYETHYLENE (40) MONOSTEARATE


CAS Number: 9004-99-3
EC Number: 618-405-1
MDL Number: MFCD00148007
Chemical Formula: C20H40O3 / HO(CH2CH2O)nOCC17H35


PEG-40 Stearate is a common water-loving surfactant and emulsifier that helps to keep water and oil mixed nicely together.
PEG-40 Stearate is a synthetic polymer composed of PEG (polyethylene glycol) and stearic acid, a naturally occurring fatty acid.
PEG-40 Stearate is a hydrophilic emulsifier, and plant-derived.
PEG-40 Stearate is white to light yellow, waxy solid or powder.


PEG-40 Stearate is a very hydrophilic emulsifier, stabilizer, solubilizer, anti-gellant and lubricant.
PEG-40 Stearate is an ester mixture of polyethylene glycol and stearic acid. PEG-40 Stearate is a vegetable based emulsifier for cosmetic O/W emulsions.
PEG-40 Stearate is compatible with higher concentrations of electrolytes.


PEG-40 Stearate is a white, waxy, flaked solid, and has a color (Gardner) of 2.0 max., a hydroxyl value of 27.0-40.0m and a saponification value of 25.00-35.00.
PEG-40 Stearate is a synthetic polymer composed of PEG (polyethylene glycol) and stearic acid, a naturally occurring fatty acid.
PEG-40 Stearate is an emulsifier for cosmetic O/W emulsions and is compatible with higher concentrations of electrolytes.


PEG-40 Stearate may or may not be vegan.
PEG-40 Stearate is a PEG compound of Stearic Acid, used in cosmetics as an emulsifier.
PEG-40 Stearate is a synthetic polymer composed of PEG (polyethylene glycol) and stearic acid, a naturally occurring fatty acid.
PEG-40 Stearate is the polyethylene glycol ester of stearic acid with an average of 40 repeating units of ethylene glycol.


PEG-40 Stearate is an emulsifier for oil in water emulsions, a cleansing agent and a solubilized.
PEG-40 Stearate is a nonionic surface active agent produced by the polyethoxylation of high quality fatty acids.
PEG-40 Stearate is based upon stearic acid containing 40 moles of ethylene oxide.
Also known as Polyoxyl 40 Stearate, and PEG-40 Stearate, PEG-40 Stearate has a molecular weight associated with all PEGs.


PEG-40 Stearate's low molecular weight of 40 means that it can penetrate healthy skin, but minimally.
PEG-40 Stearate ,E431, is a synthetic compound, produced from ethylene oxide (a synthetic compound) and stearic acid (a natural fatty acid).
PEG-40 Stearate is FDA approved for limited use as a food additive.
PEG-40 Stearate , also known as ethylene glycol monostearate or octadecanoate 2-hydroxyethyl ester, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty acid esters.


These are carboxylic ester derivatives of a fatty acid.
Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on PEG-40 Stearate.
Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Stearates (PEG-2 Stearate, PEG-6 Stearate, PEG-8 Stearate, PEG-12 Stearate, PEG-20 Stearate, PEG-32 Stearate, PEG-40 Stearate, PEG-50 Stearate, PEG-100 Stearate, PEG-150 Stearate) are esters of polyethylene glycol and stearic acid.


The PEG-40 Stearate are soft to waxy solids that are white to tan in color.
In cosmetics and personal care products, PEG-40 Stearate are used in skin creams, conditioners, shampoos, body cleansers and soapless detergents.
PEG-40 Stearate clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away.


PEG-40 Stearate are produced from stearic acid, a naturally occurring fatty acid.
The numerical value of each PEG Stearate corresponds to the average number of ethylene oxide monomers in the polyethylene chain.
Polyethylene glycol ingredients may also be named with a number that indicates molecular weight, for example polyethylene glycol (400) stearate is another name for PEG-8 Stearate.


You have probably noticed that many of cosmetics and personal care products you use have different types of PEGs among ingredients.
PEG, which is the abbreviation of polyethylene glycol, is not a definitive chemical entity in itself, but rather a mixture of compounds, of polymers that have been bonded together.
Polyethylene is the most common form of plastic, and when combined with glycol, it becomes a thick and sticky liquid.


PEGs are almost often followed by a number, for example PEG-6, PEG-8, PEG-100 and so on.
This number represents the approximate molecular weight of that compound.
Typically, cosmetics use PEGs with smaller molecular weights.
The lower the molecular weight, the easier it is for the compound to penetrate the skin.


Often, PEGs are connected to another molecule.
You might see, for example, PEG 100 stearate as an ingredient.
This means that the polyethylene glycol polymer with an approximate molecular weight of 100 is attached chemically to stearic acid.
In cosmetics, PEG-40 Stearate function in three ways: as emollients (which help soften and lubricate the skin), as emulsifiers (which help water-based and oil-based ingredients mix properly), and as vehicles that help deliver other ingredients deeper into the skin.


PEG-40 Stearate have not received a lot of attention from consumer groups but they should.
The most important thing to know about PEGs is that they have a penetration enhancing effect, the magnitude of which is dependent upon a variety of variables.
These include: both the structure and molecular weight of the PEG, other chemical constituents in the formula, and, most importantly, the overall health of the skin.


PEGs of all sizes may penetrate through injured skin with compromised barrier function.
Unlike typical PEGs, (whose identifying number corresponds to their molecular weight) the numerical value of each PEG Stearate corresponds to the average number of ethylene oxide monomers in the polyethylene chain (from 2 - 150).
Skin penetration enhancing effects have been shown with PEG-2 and PEG-9 stearate.


This penetration-enhancing effect is important for three reasons:
*If your skin care product contains a bunch of other undesirable ingredients, PEGs will make it easier for them to get down deep into your skin.
*By altering the surface tension of the skin, PEGs may upset the natural moisture balance.
*PEGs are not always pure, but often come contaminated with a host of toxic impurities.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PEG-40 STEARATE:
PEG-40 Stearate is used typically functions as a cleansing agent in skin care formulas.
PEG-40 Stearate can also be used as a thickener/texture enhancer or to help keep ingredients soluble.
PEG-40 Stearate is known to enhance the penetration of other key ingredients.
PEG-40 Stearate has long history of safe cosmetic use


PEG-40 Stearate typically functions as a cleansing agent in skin care formulas, but it can also be used as a thickener/texture enhancer or to help keep ingredients soluble.
You can find PEG-40 Stearate in all kinds of skin care products including cleansers, creams, exfoliants, and serums.
PEG-40 stearate has a long history of cosmetic use and has passed safety assessments conducted by groups such as the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) over the years.


In 2005, the CIR Expert Panel reaffirmed PEG-40 stearate’s safety (their report looked at products containing 0.07-7% of this ingredient).
Higher amounts of this stearate have humectant (moisture-binding) properties.
Industry Primarily Uses of PEG-40 Stearate: Cosmetics, Pharmaceuticals, Inks & Coatings
Product Categories of PEG-40 Stearate: Emulsifier, Lubricant, Solubilizer, Stabilizer


Product Applications of PEG-40 Stearate: AP/DEO, Body Care, Eye Care, Face Care, Hair Care, Hair Cleansing, Hair Conditioning, Hair Styling, Hand & Nail Care, Skin Care, Sun Protection.
PEG-40 Stearate is used as a surfactant and cleansing agent
PEG-40 Stearate can be used as a primary emulsifier for a variety of emollient oils and waxes, particularly in creams, lotions, shampoos, deodorants and makeup.


Chemical Function of PEG-40 Stearate: Emulsifier
Product Applications of PEG-40 Stearate: Body Care, Body Color, Concealers, Face Care, Foundations, Hand & Nail Care, Skin Care
PEG-40 Stearate should be used in combination with consistency-providing substances for the formation of viscosity-enhancing gel structures in the external water phase.


PEG-40 Stearate is used to emulsify solvents in cosmetic formulas, can contribute to improved product texture, and in larger quantities it can also be a cleaning agent.
PEG-40 Stearate can be animal-derived or synthetic; LNDA uses only synthetic form.
PEG-40 Stearate is one of the many PEG compounds that are considered safe as used in cosmetics.


Classification of PEG-40 Stearate: PEG/PPG , Ethoxylated compound , Glycol , Synthetic polymer , Nonionic surfactant
PEG 40 Stearate is used in cosmetics and beauty products primarily as a surfactant and cleansing agent.
However, PEG-40 Stearate is also seen as an emollient, because of secondary properties.
PEG 40 Stearate is not considered to be an irritant or sensitizer (it gave only minimal irritation in studies up to 100%), and are CIR and FDA approved for use, but not on broken skin.


PEG-40 Stearate is commonly used as an emulsifier and a surfactant in pharmaceutical formulations.
PEG-40 Stearate is used as a surfactant, emulsifier (cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textile finishes, defoamers, and baked goods), dye assistant, lubricant, and antistatic agent.
PEG-40 Stearate is also used in dentifrice compositions and to make creams, lotions, ointments, and pharmaceutical preparations.


PEG-40 Stearate is used in skin care.
PEG-40 Stearate is used in cosmetics and beauty products primarily as a surfactant and cleansing agent
PEG-40 Stearate typically functions as a cleansing agent.
PEG-40 Stearate is a nonionic emulsifier, suitable to obtain O/W cream and lotions,also can be used as stabilizer for skin care.


PEG-40 Stearate is used as an excellent emulsifying ability, suitable for the emulsification of mineral oil(eg: white oil), nature oil, stearyl and etc.
PEG-40 Stearate can obtain a steady system when used alone.
Despite the many fears regarding PEGs, they are seen as an ingredient in a large number of products because of their diverse properties.


Taking into consideration all available information from related compounds, as well as the mode and mechanism of action, no safety concern with regard to these endpoints could be identified.
PEGs of a wide molecular weight range (200 to over 10,000), their ethers (laureths. ceteths, ceteareths, steareths, and oleths), and fatty acid esters (laurates, dilaurates, stearates, distearates) are safe for use in cosmetics.


PEG-40 Stearate is used Emulsifier which is An agent that forms or preserves a mixture of substances normally incapable of being mixed eg. oil and water
PEG-40 Stearate is commonly used as an emulsifier and a surfactant in pharmaceutical formulations.
Uses of PEG-40 Stearate : Processed foods, frozen desserts


Other Uses of PEG-40 Stearate : Hand cream and lotion
PEG-40 Stearate is a non-ionic emulsifying agent that can modulate multidrug resistance and enhances antitumor activity of vinblastine sulfate by modulating substrate-stimulated P-gp ATPase activity; inhibits P-gp mediated efflux in a concentration-dependent manner in Caco-2 cells, also shows potential inhibitory activitites agasint CYP2C9 and CYP2C19.


PEG-40 Stearate is used in cosmetics and beauty products primarily as a surfactant and emulsifier.
PEG-40 Stearate occurs naturally as a white, waxy or flaky substance, according to The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
PEG-40 Stearate is used in cosmetics and skin care formulas because it can clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away.


Function & characteristics of PEG-40 Stearate : Emulsifier
Products of PEG-40 Stearate : Bakery products, puddings, etc.
PEG-40 Stearate is commonly used in pharmaceutical formulations as an emulsifier and a surfactant.
PEG-40 Stearate is commonly used as an emulsifier and a surfactant in pharmaceutical formulations.


-Cosmetic Uses of PEG-40 Stearate:
*surfactants
*surfactant - emulsifying



FEATURES OF PEG-40 STEARATE:
Feature in the product:
*PEG-40 Stearate is an O/W emulsifier, an ingredient that enables the formation of an emulsion.
*Emulsion is a physicochemical form that is created by combining (mixing) the water phase with the oil phase. Examples of cosmetic emulsions are creams, lotions, balms.
*A foam-forming substance that stabilizes and improves the quality of foam in a mixture with anionic surfactants.
*PEG-40 Stearate acts as a rheology modifier (i.e. it improves the consistency causing an increase in viscosity) in washing preparations containing anionic surfactants, thanks to the formation of the so-called mixed micelles.
*PEG-40 Stearate acts as a solubilizer, i.e. it enables the introduction of substances that are insoluble or sparingly soluble in water, e.g. fragrance compositions, plant extracts, fatty substances, into the aqueous solution.



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-40 STEARATE:
*Anti-foaming Agent / Defoamer - Reduces or hinders the formation of foam.
*Binder / Stabilizer - Retains the physical characteristics of food/cosmetics and ensure the mixture remains in an even state.
*Emulsifier - Allows water and oils to remain mixed together to form an emulsion.
*Surfactant - Reduces the surface tension to allow mixtures to be formed evenly. Emulsifier is a specific type of surfactant which allows two liquids to mix together evenly
PEG-40 Stearate is an ester of Stearic Acid (a naturally occurring fatty acid).
Also referred to as Polyoxyethylene Stearate.
Polyethylene Glycol is made from Ethylene Glycol monomers.
This polymer then reacts with Stearic Acid to form Polyethylene Glycol Stearate.
As a food additive, PEG-40 Stearate has E number 431.
PEG-40 Stearate can be found in bread to give a soft texture and may also be found in some wines.
PEG-40 Stearate is approved to use as food additive in EU.
*Emulsifying agent: Promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying the interfacial tension (water and oil)
*Surfactant: Reduces the surface tension of cosmetics and contributes to the even distribution of the product during use



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF PEG-40 STEARATE:
*Carboxylic acid esters
*Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives
*Primary alcohols
*Organic oxides
*Hydrocarbon derivatives
*Carbonyl compounds



SUBSTITUENTS OF PEG-40 STEARATE:
*Fatty acid ester
*Carboxylic acid ester
*Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
*Carboxylic acid derivative
*Organic oxygen compound
*Organic oxide
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Primary alcohol
*Organooxygen compound
*Carbonyl group
*Alcohol
*Aliphatic acyclic compound



FUNCTIONAL CLASS OF PEG-40 STEARATE:
*Food Additives
*EMULSIFIER



WHAT DOES PEG-40 STEARATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Emulsifying
*Surfactant



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PEG-40 STEARATE:
Molecular Weight: 328.53
Appearance Form: solid
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range:
No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available

Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available

Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 438.00 to 439.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 328.00 °F. TCC ( 164.60 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 7.629 (est)
Melting Point: 47°C
Flash Point: 39°C
Density: 0.913 g/cm³
Appearance: Light amber semiSolid
Storage: Keep tightly closed in a cool place in a tightly closed container.
Assay: 0.99
Stability: Stable.

Water Solubility: 0.00026 g/L
logP: 7.86
logP: 6.6
logS: -6.1
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 15.1
pKa (Strongest Basic): -2.8
Physiological Charge: 0
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 2
Hydrogen Donor Count: 1
Polar Surface Area: 46.53 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count: 19
Refractivity: 97.35 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 43.82 ų
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: No
Rule of Five: No
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: No
MDDR-like Rule: No



FIRST AID MEASURES of PEG-40 STEARATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PEG-40 STEARATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PEG-40 STEARATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water
system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PEG-40 STEARATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PEG-40 STEARATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: 2 - 8 °C



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PEG-40 STEARATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
Myrj 52
Polyethylene Glycol (40) Monostearate
PEG-40 Stearate
POLYOXYL (40) STEARATE
POLYOXYETHYLENE (40) MONOSTEARATE
2-Hydroxyethyl stearate
Clindrol seg
Emerest 2350
Empilan 2848
Ethylene glycol monostearate
Ethylene glycol stearate
Glycol monostearate
Glycol stearate
Ivorit
Lipo egms
Monthybase
Monthyle
Octadecanoic acid 2-hydroxyethyl ester
Octadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl ester
Parastarin
Prodhybas N
Prodhybase ethyl
S 151
Sedetol
Stearic acid, monoester with ethylene glycol
USAF ke-11
Macrogol ester
Polyoxyl stearate
Polyoxyl 40 stearate
Polyoxyl 50 stearate
Myrj 52
2-Hydroxyethyl stearic acid
Ethylene glycol monostearic acid
Ethylene glycol stearic acid
Glycol monostearic acid
Glycol stearic acid
Octadecanoate 2-hydroxyethyl ester
Octadecanoate, 2-hydroxyethyl ester
Stearate, monoester with ethylene glycol
Polyoxyl stearic acid
Polyoxyl 40 stearic acid
Polyoxyl 50 stearic acid
Polyoxyethylene 40 monostearic acid
Polyoxyl 8 stearate
Polyoxyl 8 stearic acid
17-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadec-1-yl octadecanoate
2-Hydroxyethyl octadecanoate
Akyporox S 100
Arosurf 1855E40
Cerasynt 660
Cerasynt m
Cerasynt MN
Cithrol 10MS
Cithrol PS
Clearate g
Cremophor a
EM
Emanon 3113
Emanon 3199
Emcol H 35-a
Emerest 2640
Empilan CP-100
Empilan CQ-100
Emulphor VT-650
Emunon 3115
Ethofat 60/15
Ethofat 60/20
Ethofat 60/25
Ethoxylated stearic acid
Ethylene glycol monostearate se
Ethylene glycol, monostearate
Glycol monostearate se
Glycol polyethylene monostearate #200
Glycol stearate se
Glycol, polyethylene monostearate #200
Glycol, polyethylene monostearate #6000
Glycols, polyethylene, monostearate
Ionet MS-1000
kessco X-211
Lactine
Lamacit ca
Lipal 15S
Lipal 400-S
lipo-Peg 4-S
Macrogol stearate 2000
Magi 45
MYRJ
Myrj 45
Myrj 49
Myrj 51
Myrj 52S
Myrj 53
Myrj 59
Nikkol mys
Nikkol mys 4
Nikkol mys 40
Nikkol mys 45
Nikkol mys-25
Nissan nonion S 15
Nissan nonion S-2
Nonex 28
Nonex 29
Nonex 36
Nonex 53
Nonex 54
Nonex 63
Nonion S 15
Nonion S 2
Nonion S 4
PEG 100MS
PEG 600MS
Peg stearate
PEG-10 stearate
PEG-150 stearate
PEG-40 stearate
PEG-8 stearate
Pegosperse S 9
Perphinol 45/100
PMS no. 1
PMS no. 2
Poly(oxyethylene) monostearate
Poly(oxyethylene) stearate
Poly(oxyethylene) stearic acid ester
Polyethylene glycol (100) monostearate
Polyethylene glycol 8 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol monostearate
Polyethylene glycol monostearate #1000
Polyethylene glycol monostearate #200
Polyethylene glycol monostearate #40
Polyethylene glycol monostearate #400
Polyethylene glycol monostearate #6000
Polyethylene glycol stearate
Polyethylene oxide monostearate
Polyethylene oxide stearate
Polyethyleneglycols monostearate
Polyethyleneglycols monstearate
Polyoxyethylate (9) stearic acid
Polyoxyethylene (8) stearate
Polyoxyethylene 40 stearate
Polyoxyethylene 50 stearate
Polyoxyethylene monostearate
Polyoxyethylene stearate (mol. wt. 600-2000)
Polyoxyethylene(8)stearate
Polyoxyethylene-(40)-monostearate
Polyoxyethylene-8-monostearate
Polyoxyl 40 stearate (JP15/nf)
Polystate
Polystate b
Prodhybase 4000
Prodhybase P
Slovasol MKS 16
Soromin-SG
Stabilisant delta-118
Stearic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl ester
Stearic acid, monoester with polyethylene glycol
Stearoks 6
Stearoks 920
Stearox 6
Stearox 920
Stearoxa-6
Stenol 8
Tegin g
tego-Stearate
Trydet sa 40
Trydet sa series
PEG-stearate
Cremophor S9
Stearox-6
Macrogolstearate 400
Polyethyleneglycol stearate
17-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadec-1-yl octadecanoate
26-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-octaoxahexacos-1-yl octadecanoate
41-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,-27,30,33,36,39-tridecaoxahentetr- acont-1-yl octadecanoate
Macrogol stearate 2000
Octadecanoic acid, 17-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadec-1-yl ester
Octadecanoic acid, 26-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-octaoxahexacos-1-yl ester
Octadecanoic acid, 41-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33,36,39-tridecaoxahentetra- cont-1-yl ester
PEG-10 Stearate
Polyethylene glycol monostearate
Polyoxyl 40 Stearate
Polyoxyl 8 stearate
40S
60S
Akyporox S 100
Arosurf 1855E40
Carbowax 1000 monostearate
Carbowax 4000 monostearate
Cerasynt 660
Cerasynt M
Cerasynt MN
Cithrol 10MS
Cithrol PS
Clearate G
Cremophor A
Crill 20,21,22,23
Emanon 3113
Emanon 3199
Emcol H 35-A
Emerest 2640
Emery 15393
Empilan CP-100
Empilan CQ-100
Emulphor VT-650
Emunon 3115
Ethofat 60/15
Ethofat 60/20
Ethofat 60/25
Ethoxylated stearic acid
Glycol polyethylene monostearate #200
Glycol, polyethylene monostearate #6000
Glycols, polyethylene, monostearate
Ionet MS-1000
Kessco X-211
LX 3
Lactine
Lamacit CA
Lipal 15S
Lipal 400-S
Lipo-Peg 4-S
MYRJ 45
MYS 40
MYS 45
Magi 45
Myrj
Myrj 49
Myrj 51
Myrj 52
Myrj 52S
Myrj 53
Myrj solution
Nikkol MYS
Nikkol MYS 4
Nikkol MYS 40
Nikkol MYS 45
Nikkol MYS-25
Nissan Nonion S 15
Nissan Nonion S-2
Nonex 28
Nonex 29
Nonex 36
Nonex 53
Nonex 54
Nonex 63
Nonion S 15
Nonion S 2
Nonion S 4
PEG 1000MS
PEG 100MS
PEG 42
PEG 600MS
PEG stearate
PEG-150 Stearate
PEG-40 Stearate
PEG-8 Stearate
PMS No. 1
PMS No. 2
Pegosperse S 9
Perphinol 45/100
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-1-(oxooctadecyl)-omega-hydroxy-
Poly(oxyethylene) stearate
Poly(oxyethylene) stearic acid ester
Polyethylene glycol (100) monostearate
Polyethylene glycol 8 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol monostearate #1000
Polyethylene glycol monostearate #200
Polyethylene glycol monostearate #400
Polyethylene glycol monostearate #6000
Polyethylene oxide monostearate
Polyethylene oxide stearate
Polyethyleneglycols monostearate
Polyethyleneglycols monstearate
Polyoxyethylate (9) stearic acid
Polyoxyethylene (8) stearate
Polyoxyethylene 40 stearate
Polyoxyethylene 50 stearate
Polyoxyethylene monostearate
Polyoxyethylene stearate (mol. Wt. 600-2000)
Polyoxyethylene(8)stearate
Polyoxyethylene-(40)-monostearate
Polyoxyethylene-8-monostearate
Polyoxyl 40 Stearate
Polyoxyl 50 stearate
Polystate
Polystate B
Prodhybase 4000
Prodhybase P
S 1004
S 1012
S 1016
S 1042
S 1054
S 1116
S 541
Slovasol MKS 16
Soromin-SG
Stabilisant Delta-118
Stearic acid, monoester with polyethylene glycol
Stearoks 6
Stearoks 920
Stearox 6
Stearox 920
Stearoxa-6
Stenol 8
Trydet SA 40
Trydet SA series
X-489-R
alpha-(1-Oxooctadecyl)-omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
9004-99-3
E-431
INS NO.431
INS-431
PEG-40 STEARATE
PEG-40 STEARATE
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (40 DP) MONOSTEARATE
POLYOXYETHYLENE (40) STEARATE
POLYOXYETHYLENE(40)MONOSTEARATE
POLYOXYL 40 MONOSTEARATE
POLYOXYL(40)STEARATE



PEG-400
Polyethylene glycol monooleate; 14-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12-tetraoxatetradec-1-yl-9-octadecenoic acid; 9-Octadecenoic acid, 14-hydroxy-3,6,9,12-tetraoxatetradec-1-yl-; 9-Octadecenoic acid, 2-(2-(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl ester; 9-Octadecenoic acid, 2-(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl ester; Akyporox O 50; Atlas G-2142; Atlas G-2144; Cemulsol 1050; Cemulsol A; Cemulsol C 105; Cemulsol D-8; Chemester 300-OC; Cithrol PO; Crodet O 6; E2; Emanon 4115; Emcol H 31A; Emcol H-2A; Emerest 2646; Emerest 2660; Empilan BP 100; Empilan BQ 100; Emulphor A; Emulphor UN-430; Emulphor VN 430; Ethofat O; Ethofat O 15; Ethylan A3; Ethylan A6 CAS NO:9004-96-0
PEG-45M
peg-45000 poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-, (45,000 mol EO average molar ratio) polyethylene glycol (45,000) polyoxyethylene (45,000) CAS Number 25322-68-3
PEG-5 CASTOR OIL
PEG-5 GLYCERYL STEARATE, Origine(s) : Synthétique, Nom INCI : PEG-5 GLYCERYL STEARATE, Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile) Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
PEG-5 COCAMIDE
PEG-5 COCAMIDE PEG-5 cocamide is a non-ionic surfactant - PEG-5 cocamide - which can be used in different applications due to its wide range of properties: detergent effect, foaming power, wetting effect, dispersing power, emulsifier effect and also solubilizer. PEG-5 COCAMİDE PEG-5 COCAMİDE is classified as : Emulsifying Surfactant CAS Number of PEG-5 Cocamide: 68425-44-5 COSING REF No of PEG-5 Cocamide: 76917 Chem/IUPAC Name of PEG-5 Cocamide: Amides, coco alkyl, N-(hydroxyethyl), ethoxylated (4 mol EO average molar ratio) Functions: PEG-5 Cocamide is a Polyethylene Glycol amide of Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Acid, in which the fatty acids are derived from coconut oil. PEG-5 Cocamide is used in beauty products and cosmetics as a surfactant, emulsifier and foam stabilizer. According to research, PEGs "are often reacted with fatty acids to make formulas that have thickening and foam stabilizing properties. When chemically combined with fatty acids from coconut oil, PEG-5 Cocamide makes detergents like PEG-5 Cocamide, which is used in shampoos as a surfactant, emulsifier, and foam stabilizer." PEG-5 Cocamide's low molecular weight means that it can penetrate healthy skin, but minimally. Despite the many fears regarding PEGs (including PEG 5 Cocamide), they are seen as an ingredient in a large number of products because of their diverse properties. In a study published in the Toxicology journal in 2005, entitled "Safety assessment on polyethylene glycols (PEGs) and their derivatives as used in cosmetic products," it was concluded that: "Taking into consideration all available information from related compounds, as well as the mode and mechanism of action, no safety concern with regard to these endpoints could be identified. Based on the available data it is therefore concluded that PEGs of a wide molecular weight range (200 to over 10,000), their ethers (laureths, ceteths, ceteareths, steareths, and oleths), and fatty acid esters (laurates, dilaurates, stearates, distearates) are safe for use in cosmetics." PEG-5 Cocamide is not considered to be an irritant or sensitizer, and is CIR and FDA approved for use, but not on broken skin. Safety Measures/Side Effects: The Cosmetics Database found PEG-5 Cocamide to be a moderate hazard ingredient (depending on use) and notes contamination and toxicity concerns. According to a study published in the International Journal of Toxicology, PEGs can contain harmful impurities, including: Ethylene Oxide, known to increase the incidences of uterine and breast cancers and of leukemia and brain cancer, according to experimental results reported by the National Toxicology Program; 1,4-dioxane, a known carcinogen; PAHs, known to increase the risk of breast cancer; lead; iron; and arsenic (Source). Products and formulas containing PEGs should not be used on broken or irritated skin. Although PEGs are considered safe for use topically on healthy skin, studies showed that patients suffering from severe burns were treated with PEG-based antimicrobial cream; this treatment resulted in kidney toxicity. "The PEG content of the antimicrobial cream was determined to be the causative agent. However, no evidence of systemic toxicity occurred in studies with intact skin. Because of the observation of kidney effects in burn patients, the CIR Expert Panel qualified their conclusion on the safety of the PEG ingredients to state that cosmetic formulations containing these ingredients should not be used on damaged skin Personal Care (Hair Care) Viscosity Increaser. Foam Booster. Levelling Agent for Hair Dyes. CAS Number of PEG-5 cocamide: 61791-08-0 ECHA EC Number of PEG-5 cocamide: 500-211-2 Formula of PEG-5 cocamide: C2 H7 N O.C2 H4 O.unspecified INCI name PEG-5 COCAMIDE Alternative names of PEG-5 cocamide No information available Origin of PEG-5 cocamide Mostly plant-derived Definition of PEG-5 cocamide Fatty acids, coco, reaction products with ethanolamine, ethoxylated INCI function of PEG-5 cocamide Emulsifying, Surfactant Chemical family of PEG-5 cocamide Polyoxyethylene fatty acid alkanolamides Industries Personal Care (Hair Care) Description of PEG-5 cocamide Viscosity Increaser. Foam Booster. Levelling Agent for Hair Dyes. Properties of PEG-5 cocamide Emulsifier Colour Care Peg-5 Cocamide CAS Number of PEG-5 cocamide 61791-08-0 ECHA Number of PEG-5 cocamide 500-211-2 Formula of PEG-5 cocamide C2 H7 N O.C2 H4 O. Ingredient Functions of PEG-5 cocamide Emulsifying the act of emulsion: a suspension of small globules of one liquid in a second liquid with which the first will not mix CosIng Data CosIng ID: 76917 INCI Name: PEG-5 cocamide All Functions: Emulsifying, Surfactant Chemical Name of PEG-5 cocamide Fatty acids, reaction products with ethanolamine, ethoxylated INCI Name PEG-5 Cocamide Appearance of PEG-5 cocamide Transparent yellowish liquid Actual Matter of PEG-5 cocamide(%) 100 Applications of PEG-5 cocamide Emulsifier and detergent Properties of PEG-5 cocamide (Uses) The product as other non-ionic surfactants can be used in different applications due to its wide range of properties.
PEG-5 GLYCERYL STEARATE
PEG-5, Rapeseed Sterol; Unerol R5; Generol R E5
PEG-5 RAPESEED STEROL
PEG-50 CASTOR OIL, N° CAS : 61791-12-6, Origine(s) : Synthétique. Nom INCI : PEG-50 CASTOR OIL. Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse, Ses fonctions (INCI): Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile), Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
PEG-50 CASTOR OIL
PEG-50 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL N° CAS : 61788-85-0 Origine(s) : Synthétique Nom INCI : PEG-50 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse, Huile hydrogénée Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile) Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
PEG-50 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL
PEG-55 LANOLIN N° CAS : 61790-81-6 Origine(s) : Synthétique Nom INCI : PEG-55 LANOLIN Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile) Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
PEG-50 Shea Butter
Oils, butyrospermum parkii (Shea butter), ethoxylated (50 mol EO average molar ratio) , liponate SB-50 oils, butyrospermum parkii (Shea butter), ethoxylated (50 mol EO average molar ratio) polyethylene glycol (50) shea butter polyoxyethylene (50) shea butter CAS:68453-76-4
PEG-50 STEARATE
Peg-50 Stearate is a saturated fatty acid derived from animal or vegetable fats and oils.
Peg-50 Stearate may be included in various cleansing products, such as facial cleansers and body washes, to help emulsify and remove impurities from the skin.
Peg-50 Stearate is a saturated fatty acid found in various animal and vegetable fats.

CAS Number: 9004-99-3
Molecular Formula: C34H70O9
Molecular Weight: 622.91
EINECS Number: 618-405-1

Peg-50 stearate,776CJK5X56,PEG-50 STEARATE (II), POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 2000 MONOSTEARATE

Peg-50 Stearate is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative of stearic acid.
Like other Peg-50 Stearate compounds, it is commonly used in the cosmetic and personal care industry for its emulsifying and surfactant properties.
Peg-50 Stearate helps to create stable emulsions by facilitating the dispersion of oil and water phases in cosmetic formulations.

In cosmetics, Peg-50 Stearate may be used in creams, lotions, and other skincare products to improve texture, stability, and the overall performance of the formulation.
PEG-50 Stearate acts as an emulsifier, assisting in the formation and stabilization of emulsions in cosmetic products.
This is particularly important in formulations where water and oil need to be combined, such as creams, lotions, and other skincare products.

As a surfactant, PEG-50 Stearate helps reduce the surface tension between different components in a formulation.
This property enhances the spreadability and homogeneity of cosmetic products.
PEG-50 Stearate contributes to the texture and consistency of cosmetic formulations, providing a smooth and desirable feel.

Peg-50 Stearate can improve the overall sensory experience of a product.
In hair care products like shampoos and conditioners, PEG-50 Stearate can contribute to emulsion stability and texture, enhancing the performance of the product on the hair.
When combined with polyethylene glycol to form PEG-200 Stearate, it serves as an emulsifying agent.
Emulsifiers help stabilize and maintain the consistency of mixtures containing both water and oil components.

Peg-50 Stearate serve as consistency enhancers in lipsticks and creams as well as humectants.
They are well tolerated by the skin and are not microbiologically sensitive, so that in general it is not necessary to add any preservatives.
Peg-50 Stearates are poly condensation products of ethylene glycol, or polymerisation products of ethylene oxide.

The number added to the name refers to the mean number of ethylene oxide units in the Peg-50 Stearate.
The consistency of the PEG derivatives is increasingly solid with a growing degree of polymerisation.
Peg-50 Stearates with a mean molar mass of up to 600 g/mol are liquid, up to 1,000 g/mol wax-like and from 4,000 g/mol solid wax-like substances.

By mixing solid and liquid components, products of a creamy consistency are obtained which are used as water-free and water rinse-off bases.
With growing molar mass water solubility and hygroscopicity (ability to absorb moisture) of the polyethylene glycols decrease.
Peg-50 Stearates and their derivates are preferentially used in cosmetic products since they have a broad spectrum of viscosity and solubility properties and have a very good skin tolerance.

As water soluble, non-greasy substances polyethylene glycols are suitable for many cosmetic purposes.
The liquid Peg-50 Stearates serve, eg, as glycerol substitute in facial, shaving and hair lotions, as solubilisers and solvents.
Peg-50 Stearate is a polyether compound derived from petroleum with many applications, from industrial manufacturing to medicine.

Peg-50 Stearate is also known as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyoxyethylene (POE), depending on its molecular weight.
Peg-50 Stearate is the polyethylene glycol ester of stearic acid.
Peg-50 Stearate is soluble in water, ethanol and many other organic solvents.

Peg-50 Stearate has a low vapour pressure and is stable to heat, acids and bases.
Peg-50 Stearate does not interact with many chemicals. It has good hygroscopicity, lubricity and bonding properties.
Peg-50 Stearate is white granular.

Peg-50 Stearate is solution has high viscosity at low concentration, and can be processed by calendering, extrusion, casting, etc.
Peg-50 Stearate is a thermoplastic resin with good compatibility with other resins.
Peg-50 Stearate is resistant to bacterial erosion and has weak hygroscopicity in the atmosphere.

Peg-50 Stearate is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative of stearic acid.
Peg-50 Stearates are a family of compounds that are formed by polymerizing ethylene oxide, and they are often used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries as emollients, emulsifiers, and solubilizing agents.
Peg-50 Stearate is a mixture of the monoand diesters of stearic acid and mixed polyoxyethylene diols having an average polymer length of 7.5 oxyethylene units.

Peg-50 Stearate is a polymer with the chemical formula HO(CH2CH2O)nH. Its properties vary according to its molecular weight, from a colourless and odourless viscous liquid to a waxy solid.
Peg-50 Stearate is a liquid at room temperature with a molecular weight of 200 to 600, and gradually becomes a semi-solid with a molecular weight above 600, with different properties depending on the average molecular weight.
Peg-50 Stearate is a nonionic mild fatty acid ester used primarily as a surfactant.

Peg-50 Stearate also imparts better spreading characteristics to creams and lotions and can be used as an emulsifier, lubricating agent and dispersant.
Having immense market shares in the market, fulfill the wide requirements of patrons by providing top quality Peg-50 Stearate Mono And Di Stearates.
The offered product is processed using quality tested compounds with the help of latest methodology under the observation of deft professionals.

Provided product is used an emulsifier and water treatment industry viscosity controllers and processing aid in textile industry.
Apart from this, the offered Peg-50 Stearate can be availed from us at competitive prices by our valuable clients.
Peg-50 Stearate Market size is expected to develop revenue and exponential market growth at a remarkable CAGR during the forecast period from 2023–2030.

Peg-50 Stearate is listed as particularly applicable for hand and body lotions and creams.
Peg-50 Stearate is an emulsifier.
Peg-50 Stearate is part of a family of PEG-stearate compounds, with the number indicating the average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol chain.

In this case, Peg-50 Stearate has a polyethylene glycol chain with an average molecular weight of 200.
The stearate portion of the molecule is derived from stearic acid, a long-chain fatty acid.
Peg-50 Stearate is primary function is as an emulsifying agent, helping to stabilize and blend water and oil-based ingredients in formulations.

This is particularly important in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products where a consistent texture and appearance are desired.
Peg-50 Stearate can contribute to the smoothness and spreadability of a product.
Peg-50 Stearate helps improve the overall sensory experience of applying creams and lotions.

Due to its emulsifying properties, products containing Peg-50 Stearate may enhance hydration by combining water and oil components effectively.
This is beneficial for moisturizing and hydrating formulations.
Peg-50 Stearate is often compatible with a wide range of cosmetic and personal care ingredients, making it versatile for use in various formulations.

Peg-50 Stearate can also be found in some cleansing products, contributing to the formulation's ability to remove dirt and oil from the skin.
Peg-50 Stearate is an emulsifier and antifoaming agent used in processed foods, fruit jellies, and sauces.
Peg-50 Stearate has been used in a study to assess the phase behaviors of special hot microemulsion to produce drug-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers.

The growth of the market can be attributed to the increasing demand for Peg-50 Stearate owning to the Cosmetic, Skin Care Products, Hair Care Products, Other Applications across the global level.
The report provides insights regarding the lucrative opportunities in the Peg-50 Stearate at the country level.
The report also includes a precise cost, segments, trends, region, and commercial development of the major key players globally for the projected period.

Peg-50 Stearate report represents gathered information about a market within an industry or various industries.
The Peg-50 Stearate Market report includes analysis in terms of both quantitative and qualitative data with a forecast period of the report extending from 2023 to 2030.
The report is prepared to take into consideration various factors such as Product pricing, Product or services penetration at both country and regional levels, Country GDP, market dynamics of parent market & child markets, End application industries, major players, consumer buying behavior, economic, political, social scenarios of countries, many others.

The report is divided into various segments to offer a detailed analysis of the market from every possible aspect of the market.
Peg-50 Stearate has also been used in a study to investigate its effects on multidrug resistance.
Peg-50 Stearate compounds are produced through a process called ethoxylation, which involves reacting ethylene oxide with a precursor compound.

The extent of ethoxylation determines the length of the Peg-50 Stearate chain.
Manufacturers take steps to ensure that ethoxylation is carried out under controlled conditions to produce safe and effective ingredients.
Peg-50 Stearate is used globally in a wide range of personal care and cosmetic products.

Peg-50 Stearate is acceptance and use are driven by its functional properties and its ability to enhance the performance of various formulations.
Peg-50 Stearate is used in cosmetics and beauty products primarily as a surfactant and emulsifier.
Peg-50 Stearate occurs naturally as a white, waxy or flaky substance.

Peg-50 Stearate is an emulsifier.
The overall report focuses on primary sections such as – market segments, market outlook, competitive landscape, and company profiles.
The segments provide details in terms of various perspectives such as end-use industry, product or service type, and any other relevant segmentation as per the market’s current scenario which includes various aspects to perform further marketing activity.

Melting point: 47 °C
Flash point: 39 °C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
Water Solubility: Soluble in water
solubility: Chloroform (Slighty), Methanol (Slightly)
form: powder to lump
color: White to Almost white
Odor: at 100.00?%. mild fatty
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB): 18.8
LogP: 7.629 (est)

Peg-50 Stearate is a mixture of polyethylene glycol esters.
Peg-50 Stearate can be used as a softener for fiber processing and has good antistatic and lubricity.
Peg-50 Stearate is use softener during fabric weaving to reduce breakage and improve fabric feel.

Peg-50 Stearate can also be used as a co-emulsifier for the emulsification of paraffin wax.
Peg-50 Stearate is used as emulsifier in lubricating oil production.
Peg-50 Stearate is compatible with lipophilic compounds due to a higher free fatty acid content.

Peg-50 Stearate is a high molecular weight, high HLB surface active agent suggested for use in cosmetic formulations (emulsifier, viscosity modifier) and in lubricants (emulsifier).
The larger the surfactantn of Peg-50 Stearate is a neutral, the lower the saponification value (mgKOH/g) and the larger the HLB value.
The pH of 1% aqueous solution is between 5.0 and 7.5, in which n≤ 8 is diffusive in water and has good flexibility and lubricity.

Peg-50 Stearate, like other PEG derivatives, has a specific HLB value.
This value determines the balance between its hydrophilic (water-attracting) and lipophilic (oil-attracting) properties.
Peg-50 Stearate is used as emulsifier in cosmetics, ointment, paste shoe polish and other products, and has thickening effect.

In the textile industry, emulsifiers and oils used in synthetic fiber finishing are flexible and antistatic.
Peg-50 Stearate is used as thickener and stabilizer in paper starch coating.
During the manufacturing process, attention is given to controlling the molecular weight and purity of Peg-50 Stearate to meet quality standards.

This includes measures to minimize impurities that could potentially be present, such as 1,4-dioxane.
Peg-50 Stearates enables a significant reduction of the active surfactant level in standard cleansing formulations.
The Peg-50 Stearate value is crucial for formulators when selecting emulsifiers to achieve the desired characteristics in a product.

In formulations, Peg-50 Stearate is sometimes used in combination with other emulsifiers to optimize stability and achieve specific texture and performance goals.
Blending different emulsifiers allows formulators to fine-tune the properties of a product.
Peg-50 Stearate Stearate can contribute to the viscosity or thickness of a product.

This can be advantageous in creating creams and lotions with a desirable consistency for easy application and spreadability.
Peg-50 Stearate is used as softener and antistatic agent in textile industry, emulsifier and solubilizer in cosmetics, food and pharmaceutical industry, and can also be used for emulsification of cardboard, construction board and waterproof wax. 40 ≤n≤ 100, soluble in water, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, etc., with good emulsification, wetting, complexation and thickening properties.
As an emulsifier, solubilizer, ointment matrix in the pharmaceutical industry, as an emulsifier and detergent in the cosmetics industry, as a softener and antistatic agent in the textile industry, and as an emulsifying additive in the food industry.

Peg-50 Stearate is a neutral surfactant.
Peg-50 Stearate is commonly used in a variety of cosmetic and personal care products, including creams, lotions, sunscreens, and other skincare formulations.
Peg-50 Stearate is versatility and ability to improve the stability of emulsions make it a popular choice for formulators.

Emulsions that contain PEG-200 Stearate tend to have improved stability over time.
This stability is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the product and preventing phase separation (separation of water and oil phases).
Peg-50 Stearate acts as a surfactant, which means it can reduce the surface tension between different phases in a formulation.

This property is valuable in achieving a homogenous blend of ingredients.
Peg-50 Stearate can enhance the solubility of certain ingredients in formulations.
In some formulations, Peg-50 Stearate may play a role in enhancing the absorption or penetration of other active ingredients into the skin.

This property is important in skincare products where effective delivery of active compounds is desired.
Peg-50 Stearate itself is generally regarded as safe for use in cosmetics, the overall safety of a product also depends on the specific formulation and the concentration of ingredients.
Peg-50 Stearate reduces vinblastine sulfate efllux.

The cytotoxicity of vinblastine to K562/ADR cells is significantly enhanced when the cells are cotreated with 100 or 150 μg/mL Peg-50 Stearate.
Peg-50 Stearate is a neutral surfactant.
Peg-50 Stearate is a non-ionic surfactant, which is permitted for use as the E number food additive E431.

Peg-50 Stearate is an octadecanoate ester composed of repeating 8-40 ethyleneoxy units.
Peg-50 Stearate is an ingredient used in cosmetics.
Peg-50 Stearate is an ingredient used in beauty products primarily as a surfactant and emulsifier.

Peg-50 Stearate is a mixture of the monoand diesters of stearic acid.
Peg-50 Stearate is mixed polyoxyethylene diols having an average polymer length of 7.5 oxyethylene units.
Regulatory bodies in different countries, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Commission, set guidelines for the use of cosmetic ingredients to ensure product safety.

Peg-50 Stearate is considered safe for use in cosmetics, individuals with very sensitive skin may want to be cautious and patch-test products containing this ingredient, as with any new skincare or cosmetic product.
Peg-50 Stearates are known for their biodegradability, which is a positive environmental characteristic.
However, the overall environmental impact of a product depends on its complete formulation, including other ingredients and packaging.

Peg-50 Stearate has been recommended as an additive to the radiolabelled 7H12 Middlebrook TB media and as such has been shown to enhance growth of mycobacteria in the radiometric BACTEC rapid culture system.
Peg-50 Stearate produces the greatest enhancement in growth and reduction in the time taken to detect growth for M. tuberculosis and polyoxyethylene (30) stearate and polyoxyethylene (JL) stearate for species of mycobacteria other than M. tuberculosis.
Peg-50 Stearate inhibits P-gp mediated efflux in a concentration dependent manner mainly by modulating substrate-stimulated P-gp ATPase activity.

Uses:
Peg-50 Stearate is used as a surfactant, emulsifier (cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textile finishes, defoamers, and baked goods), dye assistant, lubricant, and antistatic agent; Also used in dentifrice compositions and to make creams, lotions, ointments, and pharmaceutical preparations.
PEG-50 Stearate is primarily employed as an emulsifying agent.

Peg-50 Stearate helps stabilize and create emulsions in cosmetic formulations, ensuring the even distribution of water and oil components.
This is crucial in products like creams, lotions, and moisturizers.
As a surfactant, PEG-50 Stearate reduces the surface tension between different components in a formulation.

This property improves the spreadability and homogeneity of cosmetic products, making them easier to apply.
PEG-50 Stearate contributes to the texture and consistency of cosmetic formulations, providing a smooth and desirable feel.
Peg-50 Stearate helps in achieving the desired sensory experience for the user.

Peg-50 Stearate is often found in various cleansing products, including facial cleansers, body washes, and shampoos.
Peg-50 Stearate aids in the emulsification of oils and dirt, facilitating their removal from the skin and hair.
In hair care products like shampoos and conditioners, PEG-50 Stearate can improve the stability of the emulsion, ensuring that the product performs effectively on the hair.

Peg-50 Stearate also contributes to the texture and feel of hair care formulations.
Due to its emulsifying properties, PEG-50 Stearate is commonly used in the formulation of moisturizers, lotions, and other skincare products.
Peg-50 Stearate helps create stable and well-textured emulsions that deliver hydration to the skin.

PEG-50 Stearate may be included in various makeup products, such as foundations, creams, and lotions, to improve texture, stability, and application.
Peg-50 Stearate contributes to the smooth spreadability of these products on the skin.
Peg-50 Stearate of adenoviruses for gene therapy can help prevent adverse reactions due to pre-existing adenovirus immunity.

A Peg-50 Stearate lipid is used as an excipient in both the Moderna and Pfizer–BioNTech vaccines for SARS-CoV-2.
Both RNA vaccines consist of messenger RNA, or mRNA, encased in a bubble of oily molecules called lipids.
Peg-50 Stearate lipid technology is used for each.

Peg-50 Stearate is also commonly used as a polar stationary phase for gas chromatography, as well as a heat transfer fluid in electronic testers.
Peg-50 Stearate is frequently used to preserve waterlogged wood and other organic artifacts that have been salvaged from underwater archaeological contexts, as was the case with the warship Vasa in Stockholm, and similar cases.

Peg-50 Stearate is used as an excipient in many pharmaceutical products, in oral, topical, and parenteral dosage forms.
Peg-50 Stearate is the basis of a number of laxatives (as MiraLax, RestoraLAX, etc.).
Whole bowel irrigation with Peg-50 Stearate and added electrolytes is used for bowel preparation before surgery or colonoscopy or for children with constipation.

Macrogol (with brand names such as Laxido, GoLytely and Miralax) is the generic name for polyethylene glycol used as a laxative.
The name may be followed by a number which represents the average molecular weight (e.g. macrogol 3350, macrogol 4000 or macrogol 6000).
Peg-50 Stearate is an emulsifier and antifoaming agent used in processed foods, fruit jellies, and sauces.

Peg-50 Stearate is compatible with lipophilic compounds due to a higher free fatty acid content.
Suggested applications: cosmetic formulations, lubricants.
Peg-50 Stearate is listed as particularly applicable for hand and body lotions and creams.

Peg-50 Stearate can be used as a medium for organic synthesis and a heat carrier with high requirements.
Peg-50 Stearate is used as a base or lubricant and softener in the pharmaceutical, textile and cosmetic industries; used as a dispersant in the paint industry to improve the water dispersibility and flexibility of resins, with a dosage of 10-30%; used to improve the solubility of dyestuffs and reduce their volatility in printing ink, especially in wax paper and printing ink, also used to adjust the consistency of ink in biros ink.

Peg-50 Stearate replaces water in wooden objects, making the wood dimensionally stable and preventing warping or shrinking of the wood when it dries.
In addition, Peg-50 Stearate is used when working with green wood as a stabilizer, and to prevent shrinkage.
Peg-50 Stearate has been used to preserve the painted colors on Terracotta Warriors unearthed at a UNESCO World Heritage site in China.

These painted artifacts were created during the Qin Shi Huang (first emperor of China) era.
Peg-50 Stearate is commonly used as a precipitant for plasmid DNA isolation and protein crystallization.
X-ray diffraction of protein crystals can reveal the atomic structure of the proteins.

Peg-50 Stearate is used to fuse two different types of cells, most often B-cells and myelomas in order to create hybridomas.
In microbiology, Peg-50 Stearate precipitation is used to concentrate viruses.
Peg-50 Stearate is also used to induce complete fusion (mixing of both inner and outer leaflets) in liposomes reconstituted in vitro.

Gene therapy vectors (such as viruses) can be PEG-coated to shield them from inactivation by the immune system and to de-target them from organs where they may build up and have a toxic effect.
The size of the Peg-50 Stearate polymer has been shown to be important, with larger polymers achieving the best immune protection.
Peg-50 Stearate a nitrate ester-plasticized polyethylene glycol (NEPE-75) is used in Trident II submarine-launched ballistic missile solid rocket fuel.

Dimethyl ethers of Peg-50 Stearate are the key ingredient of Selexol, a solvent used by coal-burning, integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants to remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from the syngas stream.
Within 15 seconds of the terra-cotta pieces being unearthed during excavations, the lacquer beneath the paint begins to curl after being exposed to the dry Xi'an air.
The paint would subsequently flake off in about four minutes.

The German Bavarian State Conservation Office developed a Peg-50 Stearate preservative that when immediately applied to unearthed artifacts has aided in preserving the colors painted on the pieces of clay soldiers.
Peg-50 Stearate is often used (as an internal calibration compound) in mass spectrometry experiments, with its characteristic fragmentation pattern allowing accurate and reproducible tuning.
Peg-50 Stearate derivatives, such as narrow range ethoxylates, are used as surfactants.

Peg-50 Stearate has been used as the hydrophilic block of amphiphilic block copolymers used to create some polymersomes.
Peg-50 Stearate is a component of the propellent used in UGM-133M Trident II Missiles, in service with the United States Navy.
An example study was done using Peg-50 Stearate-diacrylate hydrogels to recreate vascular environments with the encapsulation of endothelial cells and macrophages.

This model furthered vascular disease modeling and isolated macrophage phenotype's effect on blood vessels.
Peg-50 Stearate is commonly used as a crowding agent in in vitro assays to mimic highly crowded cellular conditions.
Although polyethylene glycol is considered biologically inert, it can form non-covalent complexes with monovalent cations such as Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+, affecting equilibrium constants of biochemical reactions.

Peg-50 Stearate is also used as a dispersant in the rubber industry to promote vulcanisation and as a dispersant for carbon black filling materials.
Peg-50 Stearate is used as metal processing casting agent, lubricant and cutting fluid for metal drawing, stamping or forming, grinding cooling lubricating polishing agent, welding agent, etc.; used as lubricant in paper industry, etc., also used as hot melt adhesive to increase fast rewetting ability.
Peg-50 Stearate good coating material, hydrophilic polishing material, film and capsule material, plasticizer, lubricant and drip matrix for the preparation of tablets, pills, capsules, microcapsules, etc.

Peg-50 Stearate is used as a finishing agent in the paper industry to increase the gloss and smoothness of paper; as an additive in the rubber industry to increase the lubricity and plasticity of rubber products, reduce the power consumption during processing and extend the service life of rubber products.
Peg-50 Stearate has been used as the gate insulator in an electric double-layer transistor to induce superconductivity in an insulator.
Peg-50 Stearate is also used as a polymer host for solid polymer electrolytes.

Although not yet in commercial production, many groups around the globe are engaged in research on solid polymer electrolytes involving Peg-50 Stearate, with the aim of improving their properties, and in permitting their use in batteries, electro-chromic display systems, and other products in the future.
Peg-50 Stearate is injected into industrial processes to reduce foaming in separation equipment.
Peg-50 Stearate is used as a binder in the preparation of technical ceramics.

Peg-50 Stearate was used as an additive to silver halide photographic emulsions.
Peg-50 Stearate is the basis of many skin creams (as cetomacrogol) and personal lubricants.
Peg-50 Stearate is used in a number of toothpastes[5] as a dispersant. In this application, it binds water and helps keep xanthan gum uniformly distributed throughout the toothpaste.

Peg-50 Stearate is also under investigation for use in body armor, and in tattoos to monitor diabetes.
Polymer segments derived from Peg-50 Stearate polyols impart flexibility to polyurethanes for applications such as elastomeric fibers (spandex) and foam cushions.
In low-molecular-weight formulations (e.g. PEG 400), it is used in Hewlett-Packard designjet printers as an ink solvent and lubricant for the print heads.

Peg-50 Stearate is also used as an anti-foaming agent in food and drinks[32] – its INS number is 1521 or E1521 in the EU.
Peg-50 Stearate has been used in a study to assess the phase behaviors of special hot microemulsion to produce drug-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers.
Peg-50 Stearate has also been used in a study to investigate its effects on multidrug resistance (MDR).

Peg-50 Stearate contributes to the smoothness and spreadability of cosmetic and personal care products.
This enhances the sensory experience of applying creams, lotions, and other formulations.
Peg-50 Stearate improves the stability of emulsions over time, preventing the separation of water and oil phases.

This is crucial for maintaining the integrity and appearance of the product throughout its shelf life.
Due to its emulsifying properties, products containing Peg-50 Stearate can enhance hydration by effectively combining water and oil components.
This is beneficial for moisturizing and hydrating formulations.

Peg-50 Stearate may be found in some cleansing products, contributing to the formulation's ability to remove dirt and oil from the skin.
Peg-50 Stearate can act as a thickening agent, helping to give certain formulations a desired viscosity.
This is particularly useful in creating creams and lotions with a consistent and pleasant texture.

Peg-50 Stearate has been used in a study to assess the phase behaviors of special hot microemulsion to produce drug-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers.
Peg-50 Stearate has also been used in a study to investigate its effects on multidrug resistance (MDR).
Peg-50 Stearate serves as an emulsifying agent, helping to blend water and oil-based ingredients in formulations.

This is particularly important in creams, lotions, and other skincare products where a stable and uniform texture is desired.
Peg-50 Stearate is used as a humectant, inorganic salt solubilizer and viscosity adjuster in the daily chemical industry; as a softener and antistatic agent in the textile industry; as a wetting agent in the paper and pesticide industry.
Peg-50 Stearate is most suitable for softgels.

Peg-50 Stearate can improve the solubility of certain ingredients in formulations, making it easier to incorporate a diverse range of components into a product.
Peg-50 Stearate may enhance the absorption or penetration of other active ingredients into the skin.
This is particularly relevant in skincare products where the effective delivery of active compounds is important.

Peg-50 Stearate is sometimes included in hair care products such as conditioners and styling products.
Peg-50 Stearate is emulsifying properties can contribute to the even distribution of conditioning agents, improving the overall performance of the product.

Peg-50 Stearate may be used to help disperse UV filters evenly, improving the product's effectiveness and providing a smoother application.
Peg-50 Stearate is utilized in a wide range of cosmetic formulations, including foundations, concealers, and color cosmetics.
Peg-50 Stearate is emulsifying and stabilizing properties contribute to the uniform blending of pigments and other ingredients.

Peg-50 Stearate can be found in pharmaceutical ointments and topical medications.
Peg-50 Stearate is emulsifying properties aid in the formulation of stable and easy-to-apply medicinal creams.
In certain wound care formulations, Peg-50 Stearate may be used to improve the spreadability of the product and facilitate the application of active ingredients.

Peg-50 Stearate is often chosen for formulations that include both water-soluble and oil-soluble active ingredients, as it helps create a compatible and effective product.
Peg-50 Stearate is a liquid, it has a wide range of compatibility with various solvents and is a good solvent and solubiliser, and is widely used in liquid formulations, such as oral liquids and eye drops.
Peg-50 Stearate is the material of choice when vegetable oils are not suitable as a carrier for active ingredients.

Safety Profile:
Very slightly toxic by ingestion.
Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to certain Peg-50 Stearate derivatives, including PEG-50 Stearate.
Skin irritation, redness, or allergic reactions are possible in susceptible individuals.

Performing a patch test before using products containing this ingredient can help identify any adverse reactions.
Peg-50 Stearate compounds can sometimes be contaminated with impurities, such as ethylene oxide and 1,4-dioxane, during the manufacturing process.
These contaminants are known to be potential carcinogens.

PEG-55 LANOLIN
PEG-6, N° CAS : 25322-68-3. Origine(s) : Synthétique. Nom INCI : PEG-6. Additif alimentaire : E1521. Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse Ses fonctions (INCI). Humectant : Maintient la teneur en eau d'un cosmétique dans son emballage et sur la peau. Solvant : Dissout d'autres substances
PEG-6
PEG-6 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES. Origine(s) : Synthétique. Nom INCI : PEG-6 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES. Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse, Tensioactif non ionique. Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile). PEG-6 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES is a hydrophilic emollient clearly soluble in aqueous surfactant solutions, solubilizes oils and oil-soluble ingredients. It is stable in medium pH range (app. 5 to 8) and results in surfactant preparations with good foam quality. PEG-6 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES can be used as a superfatting agent in shampoos, shower and bath preparations and solubilizer in skin cleansing preparations, bath oils, facial cleansers and hair rinses.
PEG-6
PEG-6 is used as an additive in lubricants and adhesives, as well as as a dye carrier and binder in paints and inks.
PEG-6 is a water-miscible polyether with an average molecular weight of 300 g/mol.
PEG-6 is a clear viscous liquid at room temperature with non-volatile, stable properties 1.

CAS: 25322-68-3
MF: N/A
MW: 0
EINECS: 500-038-2

PEG-6 are widely used in biochemistry, structural biology, and medicine in addition to pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
They serve as solubilizers, excipients, lubricants, and chemical reagents.
Low molecular weight glycols are observed to exhibit antibacterial properties as well.
PEG-6 is found in eye drops as a lubricant to temporarily relieve redness, burning and irritation of the eyes.
PEG-6 act as nonionic surfactant to decrease surface tension and condition the stratum corneum, thus enhance the diffusion of other molecules or drugs through the skin 1.
Due to their physical properties, PEG-6 acts as a surfactant by coating the eye.
PEG-6 provides lubrication and surface protection in dry eyes.

PEG-6 is a polyether compound derived from petroleum with many applications, from industrial manufacturing to medicine.
PEG-6 is also known as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyoxyethylene (POE), depending on its molecular weight.
The structure of PEG-6 is commonly expressed as H−(O−CH2−CH2)n−OH.

PEG-6 is one of the most commonly used chemical polyethers in manufacturing, medicine and many other applications.
PEG-6 is available in multiple forms for various uses.
The most common way of differentiating between PEGs is by molecular weight.
For example, PEG-6 refers to a polyethylene glycol product with an average weight of 300 daltons.

PEG-6 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 64-66 °C
Boiling point: >250°C
Density: 1.27 g/mL at 25 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: Refractive index: n20/D 1.469
Fp: 270 °C
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless
Form: waxy solid
Color: White to very pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.128
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.6
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.3
Merck: 14,7568
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: -0.698 at 25℃
NIST Chemistry Reference: PEG-6 (25322-68-3)
EPA Substance Registry System: PEG-6 (25322-68-3)

PEG-6 is a polymer which is hydrolyzed by ethylene oxide.
PEG-6 has no toxicity and irritation.
PEG-6 is widely used in various pharmaceutical preparations.
The toxicity of low molecular weight PEG-6 is relatively large.
In general, the toxicity of diols is very low.
Topical application of PEG-6, especially mucosal drug, can cause irritant pain.

In topical lotion, PEG-6 can increase the flexibility of the skin, and has a similar moisturizing effect with glycerin.
PEG-6 can occur in large doses of oral administration.
In injection, the maximum PEG-6 concentration is about 30% (V/V).
Hemolysis could occur when the concentration is more than 40% (V/V).

Uses

Medical uses
Pharmaceutical-grade PEG-6 is used as an excipient in many pharmaceutical products, in oral, topical, and parenteral dosage forms.
PEG-6 is the basis of a number of laxatives.
Whole bowel irrigation with PEG-6 and added electrolytes is used for bowel preparation before surgery or colonoscopy.
PEG-6 is used in medicines for treating disimpaction and maintenance therapy for children with constipation.

When attached to various protein medications or drug carriers, PEG-6 of suitable length slows down their clearance from the blood.
The possibility that PEG-6 could be used to fuse axons is being explored by researchers studying peripheral nerve and spinal cord injury.
An example of PEG-6 hydrogels (see Biological uses section) in a therapeutic has been theorized by Ma et al.
They propose using the hydrogel to address periodontitis (gum disease) by encapsulating stem cells in the gel that promote healing in the gums.

The gel and encapsulated stem cells was to be injected to the site of disease and crosslinked to create the microenvironment required for the stem cells to function.
PEGylation of adenoviruses for gene therapy can help prevent adverse reactions due to pre-existing adenovirus immunity.
A PEGylated lipid is used as an excipient in both the Moderna and Pfizer–BioNTech vaccines for SARS-CoV-2.
Both RNA vaccines consist of messenger RNA, or mRNA, encased in a bubble of oily molecules called lipids.
Proprietary lipid technology is used for each.

In both vaccines, the bubbles are coated with a stabilizing molecule of PEG-6.
As of December 2020 there is some concern that PEG-6 could trigger allergic reaction, and in fact allergic reactions are the driver for both the United Kingdom and Canadian regulators to issue an advisory, noting that: two "individuals in the U.K. were treated and have recovered" from anaphylactic shock.
As of 18 December, the US CDC stated that in their jurisdiction six cases of "severe allergic reaction" had been recorded from more than 250,000 vaccinations, and of those six only one person had a "history of vaccination reactions".

Production
The production of PEG-6 was first reported in 1859.
Both A. V. Lourenço and Charles Adolphe Wurtz independently isolated products that were PEG-6.
PEG-6 is produced by the interaction of ethylene oxide with water, ethylene glycol, or ethylene glycol oligomers.
The reaction is catalyzed by acidic or basic catalysts.
Ethylene glycol and PEG-6's oligomers are preferable as a starting material instead of water, because they allow the creation of polymers with a low polydispersity (narrow molecular weight distribution).
Polymer chain length depends on the ratio of reactants.

HOCH2CH2OH + n(CH2CH2O) → HO(CH2CH2O)n+1H
Depending on the catalyst type, the mechanism of polymerization can be cationic or anionic.
The anionic mechanism is preferable because PEG-6 allows one to obtain PEG with a low polydispersity.
Polymerization of ethylene oxide is an exothermic process.

Overheating or contaminating ethylene oxide with catalysts such as alkalis or metal oxides can lead to runaway polymerization, which can end in an explosion after a few hours.
Polyethylene oxide, or high-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol, is synthesized by suspension polymerization.
PEG-6 is necessary to hold the growing polymer chain in solution in the course of the polycondensation process.

The reaction is catalyzed by magnesium-, aluminium-, or calcium-organoelement compounds.
To prevent coagulation of polymer chains from solution, chelating additives such as dimethylglyoxime are used.
Alkaline catalysts such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), or sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) are used to prepare low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol.

Health effects
PEG-6 is considered biologically inert and safe by the FDA.
However, a growing body of evidence shows the existence of a detectable level of anti-PEG antibodies in approximately 72% of the population, never treated with PEGylated drugs, based on plasma samples from 1990 to 1999.
Due to its ubiquity in a multitude of products and the large percentage of the population with antibodies to PEG-6, hypersensitive reactions to PEG-6 are an increasing concern.
Allergy to PEG-6 is usually discovered after a person has been diagnosed with an allergy to an increasing number of seemingly unrelated products, including processed foods, cosmetics, drugs, and other substances that contain PEG or were manufactured with PEG.

Synonyms
1,2-ethanediol,homopolymer
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1)
Alcox E 160
Alcox E 30
alcoxe30
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 600,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 200,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 900,000
PEG-6 CAPRİLİC CAPRİC GLİSERİD
SYNONYMS PEG-6 caprylic/capric glycerides;PEG 300 capryliccapric glycerides; POE (6) capryliccapric glycerides CAS NO:52504-24-2,68954-97-2
PEG-6 CAPRYLIC/ CAPRIC GLYCERIDES
PEG-6 CAPRYLIC/ CAPRIC GLYCERIDES PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a polyethylene glycol derived from a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids. It is used as an emollient/conditioning agent for shampoos, skin cleansers, creams and lotions. PEG-6 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES is classified as : Emulsifying COSING REF No: 77121 Chem/IUPAC Name: Mono-, di- and triglycerides, C8-10, ethoxylated (6 mol EO average molar ratio) PEG-6 CAPRYLIC CAPRIC TRIGLYCERİDE Derived from coconut oil and glycerin, PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is considered an excellent emollient and skin-replenishing ingredient. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is included in cosmetics due to PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides s’s mix of fatty acids that skin can PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides use to replenish PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides s’s surface and resist moisture loss. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also function PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides as a thickener, but PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides chief job is to moisturize and replenish skin. This ingredient’s value for skin is made greater by the fact that PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is considered gentle. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-ionic ingredient providing oil free moisturizing in skin and hair care products. Derived from coconuts, PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-sensitizing, gentle cleanser for skin, facial and hair products. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a great secondary liquid surfactant in shampoos, body washes, etc as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides adds good foam quality and a ilky after-feel. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also be used as a soPEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides slubolizer for small amounts of oil in water solutions. Equal parts of oil and PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides hould be mixed together and then added to the water portion. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-ionic ingredient PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides providing oil free moisturizing in skin and hair care products. Derived from coconuts, PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-sensitizing, gentle cleanser for skin, facial and hair products. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a great secondary liquid surfactant in shampoos, body washes, etc as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides adds good foam quality and a silky after-feel. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also be used as a solubolizer for small amounts of oil in water solutions. Equal parts of oil and PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides should be mixed together and then added to PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides the water portion. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is an effective emulsifier and emollient in cleansers and micellar waters as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides will break down and remove sebum. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides are pretty versatile. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides are in no way interchangeable with Caprylic/Capric Triglycerides. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-sticky, non-ionic solubilizer or polyethylene glycol ester derived from coconuts we can use PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides to solubilize small amounts of oils into water soluble products, like fragrance sprays, toners, and micellar waters. We can use PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides at 0.5% to 5% in the heated PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides or cool down phase of our products. In micellar waters PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a polyethylene glycol derived from a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is used as an emollient/conditioning agent for shampoos, skin cleansers, creams and lotions. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also be used as a solubolizer for small amounts of oil in water solutions. Equal parts of oil and PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides hould be mixed together and then added to the water portion. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is an effective emulsifier and emollient in cleansers and micellar waters PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides will break down and remove sebum. Derived from coconut oil and glycerin, PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is considered an excellent PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides emollient and skin-replenishing ingredient. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is included in cosmetics due to PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides s’s mix of fatty acids that PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides kin can use to replenish PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides s’s surface PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides and resist moisture loss. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also function as a thickener, but PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides chief job is to moisturize and replenish skin. This ingredient’s value for skin is made greater by the fact that PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is considered gentle. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a polyethylene glycol derived from a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is used as an emollient/conditioning agent for shampoos, skin cleansers, creams and lotions. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-ionic ingredient providing oil free moisturizing in skin and hair care products PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides . Derived from coconuts, PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-sensitizing, gentle cleanser for skin, facial and hair products. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a great secondary liquid surfactant in shampoos, body washes, etc as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides adds good foam quality and a silky after-feel. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also be used as a solubolizer for small amounts of oil in water solutions. Equal parts of oil and PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides hould be mixed together and then added to the water portion. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is an effective emulsifier and emollient in cleansers and micellar waters as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides will break down and remove sebum. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides are pretty versatile. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides are in no way interchangeable with Caprylic/Capric Triglycerides. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-sticky, non-ionic solubilizer or polyethylene glycol ester derived from coconuts we can use to solubilize small amounts PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides of oils into water soluble products, like fragrance sprays, toners, and micellar water PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides . We can use it at 0.5% to 5% in the heated or cool down phase of our products. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides In micellar waters PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a polyethylene glycol derived from a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is used as an emollient/conditioning agent for shampoos, skin cleansers, creams and lotions. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also be used as a solubolizer for small amounts of oil in water solutions. Equal parts of oil and PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides hould be mixed together and then added to the water portion. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is an effective emulsifier and emollient in cleansers and micellar waters PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides will break down and remove sebum. Derived from coconut oil and glycerin, PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is considered an excellent PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides emollient and skin-replenishing ingredient. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is included in cosmetics due to PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides s’s mix of fatty acids that PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides kin can use to replenish PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides s’s surface PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides and resist moisture loss. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also function as a thickener, but PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides chief job is to moisturize and replenish skin. This ingredient’s value for skin is made greater by the fact that PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is considered gentle. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a great secondary PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides liquid surfactant in shampoos, body washes, etc as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides adds good foam quality and PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides a silky after-feel. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also be used as a solubolizer for small amounts of oil in water solutions. Equal parts of oil and PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides hould be mixed together and then added to the water portion. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is an effective emulsifier and emollient in cleansers and micellar waters as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides will break down and remove sebum. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides are pretty versatile. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides are in no way interchangeable with Caprylic/Capric Triglycerides. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-sticky, non-ionic solubilizer or polyethylene glycol ester derived from coconuts we can use to solubilize small amounts PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides of oils into water soluble products, like fragrance sprays, toners, and micellar water PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides . We can use it at 0.5% to 5% in the heated or cool down phase of our products. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a polyethylene glycol derived from a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is used as an emollient/conditioning agent for shampoos, skin cleansers, creams and lotions. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-ionic ingredient providing oil free moisturizing in skin and hair care products PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides . Derived from coconuts, PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-sensitizing, gentle cleanser for skin, facial and hair products. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a great secondary liquid surfactant in shampoos, body washes, etc as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides adds good foam quality and a silky after-feel. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also be used as a solubolizer for small amounts of oil in water solutions. Equal parts of oil and PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides hould be mixed together and then added to the water portion. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a polyethylene glycol derived from a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides of caprylic and capric acids PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is used as an emollient/conditioning agent for shampoos, skin cleansers, creams and lotions. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides emollient made from PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also be used as a solubolizer for small amounts of oil in water solutions. Equal parts of oil and PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides hould be mixed together and then added to the water portion. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is an effective emulsifier and emollient in cleansers and micellar waters as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides will break down and remove sebum. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides are pretty versatile. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides are in no way interchangeable with Caprylic/Capric Triglycerides. PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides Triglycerides PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-sticky, non-ionic solubilizer or PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is an oily liquid derived from caprylic and capric fatty acids (typically sourced from coconut oil) and glycerin. Caprylic acid and capric acid are saturated fatty acids found naturally in plant oils such as coconut and palm. These fatty acids PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides are also found in the milk of some mammals, including goats, from which PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides get their name PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides - ‘caprylic’ and ‘capric’ coming from the latin word for goats: capra. The PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-ionic ingredient providing oil free moisturizing in skin and hair care products PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides . Derived from coconuts, PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a non-sensitizing, gentle cleanser for skin, facial and hair products. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a great secondary liquid surfactant in shampoos, body washes, etc as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides adds good foam quality and a silky after-feel. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also be used as a solubolizer for small amounts of oil in water solutions. Equal parts of oil and PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides hould be mixed together and then added to the water portion.PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides we use is from plant (non-animal) origins. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is an effective emulsifier and emollient in cleansers and micellar waters PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides as PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides will break down and remove sebum. Derived from coconut oil and glycerin, PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is considered an excellent PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides emollient and skin-replenishing ingredient. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is included in cosmetics due to PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides s’s mix of fatty acids that PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides kin can use to replenish PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides s’s surface PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides and resist moisture loss. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can also function as a thickener, but PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides chief job is to moisturize and replenish skin. This ingredient’s value for skin is made greater by the fact that PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is considered gentle polyethylene glycol ester derived from coconuts PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides can use to solubilize small amounts of oils into water soluble products, like fragrance sprays, toners, and micellar waters. We can use it at 0.5% PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides to 5% in the heated or cool down phase of our products. In micellar waters PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a polyethylene glycol derived from a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is used as an emollient/conditioning agent for shampoos, skin cleansers, creams and lotions. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides chain triglycerides typically sourced PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14. PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides is an oily liquid derived from caprylic and capric fatty acids (typically sourced from coconut oil) and glycerin. Caprylic acid and capric acid are saturated fatty acids found naturally in plant oils such as coconut and palm. These fatty acids PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides are also found in the milk of some mammals, including goats, from which PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides get their name PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides - ‘caprylic’ and ‘capric’ coming from the latin word for goats: capra. The PEG-6 Caprylic/ Capric Glycerides we use is from plant (non-animal) origins.
PEG-6 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a polyethylene glycol derivative of a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids with an average of 6 moles of ethylene oxide.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides only exists as a refined product.

CAS Number: 127281-18-9
EINECS Number: 800-104-3

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a PEG deriv, of a mixt, of mono, di, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids with avg,6 moles EO PEG-6 caprylic/capric glycerides uses and applications include: Emulsifier, emollient, refatting agent, solubilizer, wetting agent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, detergents.
The PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides value is approximately 12.5–14.

"PEG" refers to a PEG-(polyethylene glycol-) derivative.
The number behind "PEG-" (or the first number behind "PEG/...-") refers to the average number of molecular units -CH2-CH2-O-.
The name component "caprylic" means that the ingredient has, as fatty acid component, amongst others, caprylic acid (octanoic acid) (mostly introduced through an acylation reaction).

The name component "capric" means that the ingredient contains, as fatty acid component, amongst others, capric acid (decanoic acid) (mostly introduced through an acylation reaction).
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides are conversion products of glycerin (esters), which are obtained through a reaction with fats (through so-called trans-esterification) or through direct esterification with one or more fatty acid(s) (mono-, di- or triglycerides).

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides's a type of surfactant, which means it helps to mix oil and water, allowing for the effective dispersion of oil-based substances in water-based products.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative of a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids having an average of 6 moles of ethylene oxide.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a water-loving, thin, and transparent liquid that is soluble in aqueous surfactant solutions can solubilize oils and oil-soluble ingredients and has a nice skin feel.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a popular ingredient in micellar cleansing waters.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is an excellent emollient and a skin-replenishing component.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a polyethylene glycol derived from a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is used as an emollient/conditioning agent for shampoos, skin cleansers, creams and lotions.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides are used as an emulsifier, emollient, refatting agent, solubilizer, and wetting agents in cosmetics like creams, lotions, shampoos at a concentration of 0.5–5%.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides works as an emollient and its fatty acid mixture can be used by the skin to replenish its surface and prevent moisture loss.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is well-tolerated by the skin and is gentle on it.
PEG-6 caprylic/capric glycerides is a non-ionic ingredient providing oil-free moisturizing in skin care products.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is an effective emulsifier and emollient in cleansers and micellar waters as it breaks down and removes sebum.
Thus, PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is widely used in many makeup removers
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides works as a non-ionic component providing oil-free moisturizing in hair care products.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides works as a non-sensitizing, gentle cleanser for hair products.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides works as a secondary liquid surfactant in shampoos and adds good foam quality and a silky after-feel.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is often used in combination with other surfactants and emulsifiers to achieve specific performance characteristics.

These combinations can enhance the overall effectiveness of the PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides, such as improving foaming or cleansing properties.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is considered to be readily biodegradable, which means it can break down naturally in the environment.
This is an important factor in the development of eco-friendly and sustainable cosmetic products.

Cosmetic ingredients like PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides are subject to regulations and safety assessments by regulatory agencies in various countries.
The safety and appropriate usage levels of this ingredient are typically reviewed by such agencies to ensure they meet established safety standards.
Like many cosmetic ingredients, PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides should be stored in a cool, dry place and protected from excessive heat or direct sunlight to maintain its stability and efficacy.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides generally has a good shelf life, but this can vary depending on the specific formulation and the presence of other ingredients.
This ingredient can be found in a wide range of cosmetic and personal care products, including but not limited to facial cleansers, makeup removers, body washes, shampoos, and certain skincare products.
The exact formulation and concentration can vary from product to product.

Depending on the manufacturer and the specific product's goals, PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides may be combined with other natural or synthetic ingredients to enhance the overall performance and feel of the product.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a hydrophilic emollient clearly soluble in aqueous surfactant solutions, solubilizes oils and oil-soluble ingredients.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is stable in medium pH range and results in surfactant preparations with good foam quality.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can be used as a superfatting agent in shampoos, shower and bath preparations and solubilizer in skin cleansing preparations, bath oils, facial cleansers and hair rinses.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a polyethylene glycol derived from a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids, usually sourced from coconut oil.
Caprylic triglyceride is the mixed triester of glycerin and caprylic and capric acids.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is made by first separating the fatty acids and the glycerol in coconut oil.
This is done by hydrolyzing the coconut oil, which involves applying heat and pressure to the oil to split it apart.
The acids then go through esterification to add back the glycerol.

The resulting oil is called capric or PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides a water-loving liquid that's clearly soluble in aqueous surfactant solutions, can solubilize oils and oil-soluble ingredients and has a nice skin feel.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides's a popular ingredient in micellar cleansing waters.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is an effective emulsifier and emollient in cleansers and micellar waters PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides as.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides will break down and remove sebum.
Derived from coconut oil and glycerin, PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is considered an excellent PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides emollient and skin-replenishing ingredient.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is included in cosmetics due to PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides s’s mix of fatty acids that PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides kin can use to
replenish PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides s’s surface PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides and resist moisture loss.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can also function as a thickener, but PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides chief job is to moisturize and replenish skin.

This ingredient’s value for skin is made greater by the fact that PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is considered gentle.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a polyethylene glycol derived from a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is used as an emollient/conditioning agent for shampoos, skin cleansers, creams and lotions.

Appearance: Thin clear liquid
Usage rate: 0.5–5%
Texture: Smooth, slick liquid
Scent: Nothing much
Charge: Non-ionic
Solubility: Water, alcohol, and oil

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil. The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a non-ionic ingredient providing oil free moisturizing in skin and hair care products PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides.

Derived from coconuts, PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a non-sensitizing, gentle cleanser for skin, facial and hair products.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a water-soluble emollient made from medium chain triglycerides typically sourced from coconut oil.
The HLB value is approximately 12.5–14.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a great secondary liquid surfactant in shampoos, body washes, etc as PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides adds good foam quality and a silky after-feel.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can also be used as a solubolizer for small amounts of oil in water solutions.
Equal parts of oil and PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides hould be mixed together and then added to the water portion.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides are poly condensation products of ethylene glycol, or polymerisation products of ethylene oxide.
The number added to the name refers to the mean number of ethylene oxide units in the substance.
The consistency of the PEG derivatives is increasingly solid with a growing degree of polymerisation.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides with a mean molar mass of up to 600 g/mol are liquid, up to 1,000 g/mol wax-like and from 4,000 g/mol solid wax-like substances.
By mixing solid and liquid components, products of a creamy consistency are obtained which are used as water-free and water rinse-off bases.
With growing molar mass water solubility and hygroscopicity (ability to absorb moisture) of the polyethylene glycols decrease.

Derived from coconut oil and glycerin, PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides considered an excellent emollient and skin-replenishing ingredient.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides’s included in cosmetics due to its mix of fatty acids that skin can use to replenish its surface and resist moisture loss.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can also function as a thickener, but its chief job is to moisturize and replenish skin.
This ingredient’s value for skin is made greater by the fact that it’s considered gentle.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is a non-ionic ingredient providing oil free moisturizing in skin and hair care products.
Derived from coconuts, PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glyceridess is a non-sensitizing, gentle cleanser for skin, facial and hair products.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides's a great secondary liquid surfactant in shampoos, body washes, etc as it adds good foam quality and a silky after-feel.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can also be used as a solubolizer for small amounts of oil in water solutions.
Equal parts of oil and PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides should be mixed together and then added to the water portion.

One of the primary functions of PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is its ability to emulsify, meaning it can blend oil and water-based ingredients together.
This is particularly useful in cosmetics and personal care products where it's essential to create stable, well-mixed formulations.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is often used in cleansers, especially makeup removers, because of its capacity to break down and remove oil-based substances (like makeup, sebum, and sunscreen) from the skin.
The gentle cleansing properties make it suitable for a variety of skin types, including sensitive skin.
This ingredient can also act as a moisturizer and skin conditioner.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides helps to lock in moisture, keeping the skin hydrated and soft.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is generally considered mild and non-irritating, which makes it a popular choice in products formulated for sensitive skin.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides contributes to the stability of the product, preventing the separation of oil and water phases over time.

This ingredient can also be used to solubilize certain fragrance oils or other oil-based actives, ensuring they mix well with the rest of the product.
Cosmetic chemists often choose PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides for its versatility and compatibility with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can be used in both water-based and oil-based formulations, making it a valuable ingredient for formulators.

This ingredient is used to improve the texture and feel of cosmetic products.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can make products smoother and easier to apply, which enhances the user experience.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is commonly found in micellar water products.

Micellar waters are gentle cleansing solutions that utilize micelles, tiny oil molecules, to remove impurities from the skin.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides helps in the solubilization of these oil-based impurities.
While PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides itself does not have preservative properties, it can support the preservation of a product by helping to disperse preservatives evenly, which ensures their effectiveness throughout the product.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides's often used in skincare formulations that include active ingredients, such as vitamins or antioxidants.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glyceridess emulsifying properties help ensure even distribution of these actives in the product and on the skin.
Cosmetic manufacturers carefully control the quality and purity of ingredients like PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides to ensure the consistency and safety of their products.

Depending on the manufacturer and region, this ingredient may go by various trade names or synonyms.
Checking the ingredient list for similar names or numbers like PEG-6 and Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can help identify its presence in a product.

Uses:
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides synthetic polymers of ethylene oxide and are often used in cosmetics as emulsifiers, thickeners, or moisturizers.
The number following PEG indicates the molecular weight and can affect the properties and function of the compound.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides's commonly used in facial cleansers, makeup removers, and body washes to help dissolve and remove oil-based impurities, such as makeup, sunscreen, and excess sebum, from the skin.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is used to create stable emulsions, allowing the mixing of oil and water in various cosmetic products, such as lotions, creams, and serums.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can serve as a moisturizing and skin conditioning agent, helping to keep the skin hydrated and soft.
This ingredient enhances the texture and spreadability of cosmetic products, making them smoother and easier to apply.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is used to solubilize fragrance oils and other oil-based active ingredients in various cosmetic formulations.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides contributes to the stability of cosmetic products, preventing the separation of oil and water phases over time.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is used in products designed for sensitive or delicate skin, and it's less likely to cause irritation.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides aids in the even distribution and effective delivery of active ingredients like vitamins, antioxidants, or other skin-enhancing compounds.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is considered readily biodegradable, which can be an advantage for brands focused on developing environmentally friendly and sustainable cosmetic products.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides are commonly found in makeup remover products, especially those designed to remove waterproof makeup.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glyceridess ability to dissolve and lift away oil-based makeup makes it an effective choice for this purpose.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can be found in shampoos and conditioners, where it helps in the dispersion and removal of excess oils and styling products from the hair and scalp.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is often used in baby skincare products such as gentle cleansers and baby shampoos, where its mildness and ability to cleanse without causing irritation make it a suitable choice.

Products formulated for individuals with sensitive or reactive skin often include PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides due to its gentle cleansing and emollient properties.
In men's grooming products, this ingredient can be found in pre-shave oils and shave gels, providing a smooth and comfortable shaving experience.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is used in body washes, bath oils, and bubble baths to enhance cleansing and provide a luxurious feel during bathing.

Some PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides include this ingredient to help disperse and stabilize sunscreen actives in the formulation.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides is used in some fragranced products, such as shower gels and bath products, to help solubilize fragrance oils and create scented products.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides's sometimes included in eye makeup removers or products designed for the delicate skin around the eyes.

Some natural and organic cosmetic brands may use PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides as a more environmentally friendly alternative to certain synthetic surfactants and emulsifiers.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can be used in a wide range of cosmetic and personal care products, including shampoos, conditioners, body lotions, and more.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides are derived from caprylic and capric acids, which are medium-chain fatty acids commonly found in coconut oil and palm kernel oil.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides are saturated fatty acids, and glycerides refer to esters of glycerin (glycerol).
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides are used as emollients, which help to soften and smooth the skin, and as surfactants to improve the texture and spreadability of cosmetic products.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides serves as a versatile ingredient in personal care products such as cleansers, shampoos, and body washes.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can help remove dirt and oils from the skin and hair while also providing a moisturizing effect.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides's known for its mildness and is often used in products designed for sensitive or dry skin.

Safety Profile:
While it is generally considered mild and non-irritating, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to PEG compounds, including PEG-6.
PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides's a good practice to perform a patch test when trying a product containing this ingredient to ensure it does not cause any adverse reactions.

In some cases,PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides can be contaminated with small amounts of potentially harmful substances, such as ethylene oxide, which is a byproduct of the ethoxylation process used to produce PEGs.
Regulatory agencies and manufacturers have guidelines and quality control measures in place to limit these contaminants, but it's important to be aware of the potential for trace amounts.

PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides itself is considered biodegradable and less harmful to aquatic ecosystems compared to some other surfactants, the environmental impact of cosmetic ingredients is a broader concern.
Some surfactants, including certain PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides, can contribute to water pollution when they enter natural water systems through the disposal of cosmetic products.
This has led to growing interest in eco-friendly and sustainable alternatives.

Synonyms:
CAPRYLOCAPROYL POLYOXYLGLYCERIDES 6
361459-38-3
ACCONON CC-6
CAPRYLOCAPROYL POLYOXYLGLYCERIDES 300
CHEMONIC CCG-6 SURFACTANT
GLYCEROX 767
PEG-6 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES
PEG-6 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES [INCI]
SABODERM CC
SOFTIGEN 767
STEROL CC 595
TEGOSOFT GMC 6
GO50W2HWO8
PEG-6 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL
PEG-6 ISOSTEARATE N° CAS : 56002-14-3 Origine(s) : Synthétique Nom INCI : PEG-6 ISOSTEARATE Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile)
PEG-6 ISOSTEARATE
PEG-6 SORBITAN OLEATE N° CAS : 9005-65-6 Origine(s) : Synthétique Nom INCI : PEG-6 SORBITAN OLEATE Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile)
PEG-6 METHYL ETHER
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is a polyethylene glycol ether of Methyl Alcohol (q.v.).
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is a polymer which is hydrolyzed by ethylene oxide.


CAS Number: 9004-74-4
EC Number: 618-394-3
MDL Number: MFCD00084416
Chem/IUPAC Name: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy- (6 mol EO average molar ratio)
Molecular Formula: (C2 H4 O)mult-C H4 O


Peg-6 Methyl Ether is white Powder.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether has no toxicity and irritation.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is a mono-functional methoxylated PEG (550) methacrylate monomer that features excellent wetting, water solubility, low Tg, and fast surface cure.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether possesses lubricity and humectant properties.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether maintains wet-tack strength.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is a polymer with high solubility in water and a slight odour.


The active substance content in Peg-6 Methyl Ether is about 100%.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether with higher molecular weight is generally solid at room temperature.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether denotes a methylated polyethylene glycol derivative with the linear formula: CH3O(CH2CH2O)nH.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and with slightly more hydrophobic solvent properties.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is a high molecular weight product that belongs to methoxy polyoxyethylene glycols.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is intended mainly for the construction industry.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether is a white compact paste or solid.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is a polyethylene glycol ether of Methyl Alcohol (q.v.).
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is a polymer which is hydrolyzed by ethylene oxide.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PEG-6 METHYL ETHER:
Use of Peg-6 Methyl Ether: chemical intermediate for urethane polymer production
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.


Cosmetic Uses of Peg-6 Methyl Ether: solvents
Peg-6 Methyl Ether provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and with slightly more hydrophobic solvent properties.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used for use in adhesives, chemical intermediates, inks and dye carrier, lubricants, and soaps and detergents.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used for use in adhesives, chemical intermediates, and lubricants.
Cosmetic Uses of Peg-6 Methyl Ether: humectants
Peg-6 Methyl Ether provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and with slightly more hydrophobic solvent properties.


For use of Peg-6 Methyl Ether is in soaps and detergents, adhesives, chemical Intermediates, inks and dye carrier, lubricants, and plasticizer​​​.
There are no restrictions on the use of Peg-6 Methyl Ether in cosmetics.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used as Coating Auxiliary Agents, Surfactants.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether is widely used in various pharmaceutical preparations.
In topical lotion, Peg-6 Methyl Ether can increase the flexibility of the skin, and has a similar moisturizing effect with glycerin.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is recommended as a versatile intermediate for coatings and polymer modification.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used in pressure sensitive adhesives and in thermoplastic adhesives.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether can be used in the commercial concrete with high performance and high strength (above C60) which is mixed on site and transported remotely.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether is soluble in water, ethanol and organic solvent.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is mainly used for the production of polycarboxylate ether (PCE) superplasticizers for concrete.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used in esterification reactions, e.g. with methacrylic acid which is further subjected to a polymerization process.


The resulting products are the main components of concrete admixtures that reduce the amount of batch water in cement concrete.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
Comb polymers, resulting from emulsion polymerization using Peg-6 Methyl Ether, are used in paint and varnish production.


They are dispersants for organic and inorganic pigments.
In injection, the maximum concentration of Peg-6 Methyl Ether is about 30% (V/V), and the concentration is greater than 40% (V/V).
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used in many applications from industrial manufacturing to.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used Adhesives-PSA, Adhesives-Waterborne, Emulsions, Paint & Coatings-Waterborne, Protective Coatings, and Water Soluble Resins
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used Rubber & Elastomers, Food Processing, Packaging, Textiles, Household Products, and Wood Processing.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used Paper & Paper Products, Cosmetics & Personal Care, Pharmaceuticals, Electronics, Printing & Inks, andElectroplating / Electropolishing.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used Adhesives, Lubricants, Agriculture, Metalworking, Ceramics, Paints & Coatings, and Chemical Intermediates.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used in pressure-sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used in a wide range of lubricant applications due to their low volatility, solubility in water, and natural lubricity.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is non-staining to metal parts, textiles, and clothing and can be burned away leaving minimal residue.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether also reacts with acrylic acid to make MPEG acrylic acid ester, which is the main raw material for the preparation of polycarboxylate superplasticizer.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether's water solubility, wettability, and physiological characteristics make it very attractive to the cosmetic industry.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether is also used in food products and as processing aid in many industrial applications.
Common uses of Peg-6 Methyl Ether are as surfactant, dispersing agent, solvent, excipient, and ointment.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether's functionality depends on its molecular weight.


Low steam pressure, stable for heat, Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used as thickener and lubricant in textile printing and dyeing industry and daily chemical industry.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether has good water solubility, wettability, lubricity, physiological inertia, no stimulation to human body, and is widely used in cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry.


The viscosity, hygroscopicity and structure of the products can be changed by selecting products with different molecular weight.
Products with relatively low molecular weight (molecular weight less than 2000) are suitable for wetting agents and consistency regulators for cream, lotion, toothpaste, and cream.


The products with relatively high molecular weight are suitable for lipstick, deodorant stick, soap, pick up soap, foundation and cosmetics.
As a cleaning agent, Peg-6 Methyl Ether is also used as suspending agent and thickener.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used as the matrix of ointment, emulsion, ointment, lotion and suppository.


Peg-6 Methyl Ether with a low molecular weight average (less than 2000) are used as wetting agent, viscosity modifier.
Higher molecular weight Peg-6 Methyl Ether (more than 2000) are used to produce MPEG acrylic esters, which are used as efficient reducing agent in the materials of constructions needed for high-strength structures.


-Uses of Peg-6 Methyl Ether:
*Adhesives
*Chemical intermediates
*Inks and dye carrier
*Lubricants
*Plasticizer
*Soaps and detergents


-Application of Peg-6 Methyl Ether:
*the intermediate is used in the synthesis of superplasticizers (concrete admixtures),
*the intermediate is used in the synthesis of pigment dispersants.


-Markets and applications of Peg-6 Methyl Ether:
*Building & Construction
*Concrete & mortar additives


-Applications of Peg-6 Methyl Ether:
*Adhesives
*Chemical Intermediates
*Inks and Dye Carrier
*Lubricants
*Plasticizer
*Soaps and Detergents


-Uses of Peg-6 Methyl Ether:
*Adhesives
*Chemical intermediates
*Inks and dye carrier
*Lubricants
*Soaps and detergents



FEATURES OF Peg-6 Methyl Ether:
If the refined raw material and special catalyst are used, the impurity content of the product is low.
And the hydroxyl activity at the end of the molecular chain is retained to the greatest extent, with good hydrophilicity and hydroxyl reaction activity.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether with higher molecular weight are generally solid at room temperature.



COSMETIC FUNCTIONS OF PEG-6 METHYL ETHER:
*Solvent



ADVANTAGES OF Peg-6 Methyl Ether:
*effective component of PCE type superplasticizing admixtures, very good hygroscopic properties,
*low diol content,
*paste/soft wax consistency,
*high solubility in water,
*slight odour.



OCCURRENCE IN COSMETICS:
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used as face toners, aftershaves and hair tonics, as solvent and solubiliser for active ingredients, perfume oils and colourants, humectants, basis for creams, as consistency enhancer, binding agent, softening agent and fixative



WHAT DOES PEG-6 METHYL ETHER DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Solvent



FUNCTIONS OF Peg-6 Methyl Ether:
*Humectant :
Peg-6 Methyl Ether maintains water content of a cosmetic both in its packaging and on the skin
Peg-6 Methyl Ether holds and retains moisture in cosmetic products
*Solvent :
Peg-6 Methyl Ether dissolves other substances
*Hydrophilicity
*Water Soluble
*Plasticizers
*Superplasticizers
*Composition
*Methoxy polyethylene glycols
*Segment
*Specialty Products / Specialty additives
*Surfactants / Non-ionic surfactants



FORMULATIONS WITH PEG-6 METHYL ETHER:
*Skin Care:
Facial Cleanser Peg-6 Methyl Ether This pearlized, creamy, non-foaming cleanser contains Peg-6 Methyl Ether that leaves the skin soft and touchable.



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-6 METHYL ETHER:
*Solvent:
Peg-6 Methyl Ether dissolves other substances



PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF PEG-6 METHYL ETHER:
1. Applied in building materials industry, as the raw material of cement water-reducing agent, reinforcing agent.
The synthetic polycarboxylate superplasticizer of the material has strong ability of cement particle dispersion, thereof, the product is characterized of low dosage, high water-reducing rate, excellent reinforce effect, good durability, not corrosive to rebar and environmentally friendly.
Can be applied in high-performance and high strength (above C60) commodity concrete for on site agitation and long distance conveying.

2. Peg-6 Methyl Ether is soluble in water, ethanol and organic solvents.
Peg-6 Methyl Ether is used as thickener and lubricant in the textile printing and dyeing industry and daily chemical industry due to its low vapor pressure and thermal stability.



METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOLS (MPEG):
Methoxypolyethylene Glycols (MPEG) are used in pharmacology and cosmetics production; detergent & household goods production (as soap bars glue, soluble agent in detergent pastes, fixing agent for odors in soaps and detergents, as additive in general cleaners, polishers, air fresheners, automatic dishwashing detergents); in production of textile supporting substances (as component of dispergators and protective solutions); in metal works industry (as agents for cleaning and polishing pastes, lubricating & cooling liquids).



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PEG-6 METHYL ETHER:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
InChI:InChI=1S/C3H8O2/c1-5-3-2-4/h4H,2-3H2,1H3
InChI key:InChIKey=XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES:OCCOC
Molecular Formula: CH3O.(C2H4O)n.H
Molecular Weight: 700-800
CAS Number: 9004-74-4
EINECS/ELINCS: None Properties
Appearance: White to light yellow paste
Melting Point: 52-56°C
Density at 25ºC: 1.094 g/ml at 25 °C

Solubility in water: Soluble
Stability: Stable under ordinary conditions
Physical state: flakes
Color: white
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 52 - 56 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point 182 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 5,08 at 25 °C
(as aqueous solution)

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility at 20 °C slightly soluble
Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: ca.1,094 g/cm3
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: nonenone
Other safety information: No data available
Appearance: White to light yellow paste
Hydroxyl value: 70.0-80.0mgKOH/g
Molecular weight: 700-800
Water: 0.50% max
PH(1%): 5.0-7.0



FIRST AID MEASURES of PEG-6 METHYL ETHER:
-Description of first aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PEG-6 METHYL ETHER:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PEG-6 METHYL ETHER:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PEG-6 METHYL ETHER:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing.
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PEG-6 METHYL ETHER:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
*Storage conditions
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Store under inert gas.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PEG-6 METHYL ETHER:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)
MPEG
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether
PEG-6 methyl ether
Methoxy PEG-100
Methoxy PEG-16
Methoxy PEG-40
Monomethoxypolyethylene glycol
PEG-6 Methyl ether
Polyethylene glycol (100) monomethyl ether
Polyethylene glycol (16) monomethyl ether
Polyethylene glycol 2000 monomethyl ether
Polyethylene glycol 300 methyl ether
Polyethylene glycol 500 monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (10) monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (100) monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (16) monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (40) monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (6) methyl ether
Carbowax Sentry Methoxypolyethylene Glycol
Ethylene oxide adduct of diethylene glycol monomethyl ether
MPEG
Methoxy polyethylene glycol
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy
Polyethylene glycol methyl ether
Polyethylene glycol, monomethyl ether
2,5,8,11,14,17-HEXAOXANONADECAN-19-OL
METHOXY PEG-6
MPEG-6
PEG-6 METHYL ETHER
PEG-6 METHYL ETHER [INCI]
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 300 METHYL ETHER
POLYOXYETHYLENE (6) METHYL ETHER
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy-
PEG-6 METHYL ETHER
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether
Methoxy PEG-16
Methoxy PEG-10
Methoxy PEG-100
Methoxy PEG-40
Methoxy PEG-25
Methoxy PEG-7
Poly(oxyethylene), .alpha.-hydro-
.omega.-methoxy-
METHOXY PEG-10
PEG-3 methyl ether
PEG-4 methyl ether
PEG-7
methyl ether
METHOXY PEG-100
METHOXY PEG-16
METHOXY PEG-25
METHOXY
PEG-40
METHOXY PEG-7
PEG-3 METHYL ETHER
PEG-4 METHYL ETHER
PEG-7
METHYL ETHER
Monomethyl ether of polyethyleneglycol
.alpha.-Hydro-.omega.-
methoxypoly(oxyethylene)
PEG methyl ether / PEG-40 methyl ether
2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26,29,32,35,38,41,44,47,50-Heptadecaoxadopentacontan-52-ol
MPG
Methoxy-PEG-OH
Methoxypolyethyleneglycol
Monomethoxypolyoxyethylene
Mpeg
Mpeg-Oh
Peg-Mme
Pegmme
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)-α-methyl-ω-hydroxy-
Sitol
α-Methyl-ω-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
α-Methyl-ω-hydroxypoly(oxyethylene)
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1
alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-poly(oxy-2-ethanediyl)
Ethyleneoxideadductofdiethyleneglycolmonomethylether
methoxypolyethyleneglycol350
methoxypolyethyleneglycol550
monomethoxypolyethyleneglycol Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy-
Poly(oxyethylenePoly(oxyethylene),.alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy



PEG-6 SORBITAN OLEATE
PEG-60 CASTOR OIL N° CAS : 61791-12-6 Origine(s) : Synthétique Nom INCI : PEG-60 CASTOR OIL Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile) Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
PEG-6 STEARATE
PEG-6 Stearate is a polyethylene glycol ester of stearic acid.
Peg-6 Stearate is a water-soluble polymer.
Peg-6 Stearate is a PEG ester of stearic acid.



CAS Number: 9004-99-3 / 10108-28-8
Chem/IUPAC Name: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-(1-oxooctadecyl)-.omega.-hydroxy- (6 mol EO average molar ratio)
Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n 6
Molecular Formula:C30H60O8



Peg-6 stearate 8LQC57C6B0, HEXAETHYLENE GLYCOL, MONOSTEARATE, JEEMATE 300-DPS, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 300 MONOSTEARATE, POLYOXYETHYLENE (6) MONOSTEARATE, POLYOXYL 6 STEARATE (USP-RS), PROTAMATE 300 DPS, STEARIC ACID, 2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-HYDROXYETHOXY)ETHOXY)ETHOXY)ETHOXY)ETHOXY)ETHYL ESTER, PEG-6 STEARATE,Octadecanoic acid,17-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxahepadec-1-yl ester,Octadecanoic acid, 17-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxahepadec-1-yl ester, Octadecanoic acid, 17-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadec-1-yl ester, Stearic acid ethoxylated with 6 moles of ethylene oxide, JEEMATE 300-DPS, OCTADECANOIC ACID, 17-HYDROXY-3,6,9,12,15-PENTAOXAHEPTADEC-1-YL ESTER, HEXAETHYLENE GLYCOL, MONOSTEARATE, PEG-6 STEARATE, PEG-6 STEARATE [INCI], POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 300 MONOSTEARATE, POLYOXYETHYLENE (6) MONOSTEARATE, POLYOXYL 6 STEARATE [USP-RS], PROTAMATE 300 DPS, STEARIC ACID, 2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-HYDROXYETHOXY)ETHOXY)ETHOXY)ETHOXY)ETHOXY)ETHYL ESTER, PEG-6 stearate, 17-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadec-1-yl octadecanoate, PEG 300 monostearate, POE (6) stearate, Macrogol 300, Poe(6), Polydiol 300, Polyoxyethylen(6)stearat, PEG 40 Stearate, 17-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl stearate (USP),
17-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadec-1-yl octadecanoate, 26-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-octaoxahexacos-1-yl octadecanoate, 41-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,-27,30,33,36,39-tridecaoxahentetr- acont-1-yl octadecanoate, Macrogol stearate 2000, Octadecanoic acid, 17-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadec-1-yl ester, Octadecanoic acid, 26-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-octaoxahexacos-1-yl ester, Octadecanoic acid, 41-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33,36,39-tridecaoxahentetra- cont-1-yl ester, PEG-10 Stearate, Polyethylene glycol monostearate, Polyoxyl 40 Stearate [USAN:BAN:JAN], Polyoxyl 8 stearate [USAN:BAN], 40S, 60S, Akyporox S 100, Arosurf 1855E40, Carbowax 1000 monostearate, Carbowax 4000 monostearate, Cerasynt 660, Cerasynt M, Cerasynt MN, Cithrol 10MS, Cithrol PS, Clearate G, Cremophor A, Crill 20,21,22,23, Emanon 3113, Emanon 3199, Emcol H 35-A, Emerest 2640, Emery 15393, Empilan CP-100, Empilan CQ-100, Emulphor VT-650, Emunon 3115, Ethofat 60/15, Ethofat 60/20, Ethofat 60/25, Ethoxylated stearic acid, Glycol polyethylene monostearate #200, Glycol, polyethylene monostearate #6000, Glycols, polyethylene, monostearate, Ionet MS-1000, Kessco X-211, LX 3, Lactine, Lamacit CA, Lipal 15S, Lipal 400-S, Lipo-Peg 4-S, MYRJ 45, MYS 40, MYS 45, Magi 45, Myrj, Myrj 49, Myrj 51, Myrj 52, Myrj 52S, Myrj 53, Myrj solution, Nikkol MYS, Nikkol MYS 4, Nikkol MYS 40, Nikkol MYS 45, Nikkol MYS-25, Nissan Nonion S 15, Nissan Nonion S-2, Nonex 28, Nonex 29, Nonex 36, Nonex 53, Nonex 54, Nonex 63, Nonion S 15, Nonion S 2, Nonion S 4, PEG 1000MS, PEG 100MS, PEG 42, PEG 600MS, PEG stearate, PEG-150 Stearate, PEG-40 Stearate, PEG-8 Stearate, PMS No. 1, PMS No. 2, Pegosperse S 9, Perphinol 45/100, Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-1-(oxooctadecyl)-omega-hydroxy-, Poly(oxyethylene) stearate, Poly(oxyethylene) stearic acid ester, Polyethylene glycol (100) monostearate, Polyethylene glycol 8 monostearate, Polyethylene glycol monostearate #1000, Polyethylene glycol monostearate #200, Polyethylene glycol monostearate #400, Polyethylene glycol monostearate #6000, Polyethylene oxide monostearate, Polyethylene oxide stearate, Polyethyleneglycols monostearate, Polyethyleneglycols monstearate, Polyoxyethylate (9) stearic acid, Polyoxyethylene (8) stearate, Polyoxyethylene 40 stearate, Polyoxyethylene 50 stearate, Polyoxyethylene monostearate, Polyoxyethylene stearate (mol. Wt. 600-2000), Polyoxyethylene(8)stearate, Polyoxyethylene-(40)-monostearate, Polyoxyethylene-8-monostearate, Polyoxyl 40 Stearate, Polyoxyl 50 stearate, Polystate, Polystate B, Prodhybase 4000, Prodhybase P, S 1004, S 1012, S 1016, S 1042, S 1054, S 1116, S 541, Slovasol MKS 16, Soromin-SG, Stabilisant Delta-118, Stearic acid, monoester with polyethylene glycol, Stearoks 6, Stearoks 920, Stearox 6, Stearox 920, Stearoxa-6, Stenol 8, Trydet SA 40, Trydet SA series, X-489-R, alpha-(1-Oxooctadecyl)-omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl),



Peg-6 Stearate is a nonionic, O/W emulsifier recommended as a polyvalent base for creams.
Peg-6 Stearate has high compatibility with pigments and emulsions with a high alcohol content (up to 40%).
Peg-6 Stearate is suitable as an emulsifier for all oil types.


Peg-6 Stearate may contain small amounts of monomer and dimers.
Usage rate of Peg-6 Stearate is 0.5-3%
Peg-6 Stearate is a white flake powder


Peg-6 Stearate can dissolve in oil and water.
Peg-6 Stearate can be stored at room temperature but close the bottle cap tightly.
Then Peg-6 Stearate completely protected from sunlight or heat.


Peg-6 Stearate has a minimum shelf life of 2 years.
Peg-6 Stearate is a water-soluble polymer.
PEG-6 Stearate is a polyethylene glycol ester of stearic acid.


Peg-6 Stearate is a PEG ester of stearic acid.
Depending on its chain lenghts Peg-6 Stearate is a liquid or water-soluble product with various characteristics.
Peg-6 Stearate is an ester of Stearic Acid (a naturally occurring fatty acid).


Peg-6 Stearate is also referred to as Polyoxyethylene Stearate.
Peg-6 Stearate is made from Ethylene Glycol monomers.
Peg-6 Stearate then reacts with Stearic Acid to form Polyethylene Glycol Stearate.


As a food additive, Peg-6 Stearate has E number 431.
Peg-6 Stearate can be found in bread to give a soft texture and may also be found in some wines.
Peg-6 Stearate is approved to use as food additive in EU.
Peg-6 Stearate is stearic acid ethoxylated with 6 moles of ethylene oxide.


"PEG" refers to a PEG-(polyethylene glycol-) derivative.
The number behind "PEG-" (or the first number behind "PEG/...-") refers to the average number of molecular units -CH2-CH2-O-.
Stearates are salts or esters of stearic acid (octadecanoic acid).



USES and APPLICATIONS of PEG-6 STEARATE:
Peg-6 Stearate is used primarily as an emulsifier in the formulation of cleansing products.
Peg-6 Stearate is used as an emulsifier.
Occurrence of Peg-6 Stearate in cosmetics: Peg-6 Stearate is used Face toners, aftershaves and hair tonics, as solvent and solubiliser for active ingredients, perfume oils and colourants, humectants, basis for creams, as consistency enhancer, binding agent, softening agent and fixative


Peg-6 Stearate is safe for use in cosmetics without restrictions.
Peg-6 Stearate is an oil-in-water emulsifier commonly used in various types of creams and lotions.
Peg-6 Stearate is used Solder water-oil.


Peg-6 Stearate uses and applications include: Emulsifier for oils and fats in industrial lubricants; softener and lubricant in textiles and leather; emulsifier, thickener, solubilizer, emollient, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, foods, agriculture, plastics; base for cosmetic lotions; in food packaging adhesives; in resinouspolymeric food-contact coatings; defoamer in food-contact paperpaperboard


Peg-6 Stearate is used Emulsifier.
Peg-6 Stearate is used Facial, shaving and hair lotions, as solvents and solubilizers for active ingredients, perfume oils and dyes, as humectants, basis for creams, as consistency agents, binders, softeners and fixators.


Peg-6 Stearate is used emulsifying substance - supports the creation of homogeneous mixtures of immiscible liquids by changing the interfacial tension.
Peg-6 Stearate is used as a surfactant, emulsifier (cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textile finishes, defoamers, and baked goods), dye assistant, lubricant, and antistatic agent.
Peg-6 Stearate is also used in dentifrice compositions and to make creams, lotions, ointments, and pharmaceutical preparations.



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-6 STEARATE:
Function(s) of this ingredient in cosmetic products
*SURFACTANT - EMULSIFYING
Peg-6 Stearate allows the formation of finely dispersed mixtures of oil and water (emulsions)



FEATURE OF PEG-6 STEARATE:
*O/W emulsifier, an ingredient enabling the creation of an emulsion.
*Peg-6 Stearate is an emulsion is a physicochemical form that is created by combining (mixing) the water phase with the oil phase.
Examples of cosmetic emulsions are creams, milks and balms.
*Peg-6 Stearate is a foam-forming substance that stabilizes and improves foam quality in a mixture with anionic surfactants.
*Peg-6 Stearate acts as a rheology modifier (i.e. improves consistency, increasing viscosity) in washing preparations containing anionic surfactants, thanks to the creation of the so-called mixed micelles.



SAFETY OF PEG-6 STEARATE:
Peg-6 Stearate is no classification as a hazardous substance under chemical regulations.



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-6 STEARATE:
*Emulsifying agent:
Peg-6 Stearate promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying the interfacial tension (water and oil).



MIXING METHOD OF PEG-6 STEARATE:
Mix Peg-6 Stearate in the oil.
Using Peg-6 Stearate heat of 70-80 degrees to melt.



FUNCTIONAL GROUP OF PEG-6 STEARATE:
*Base ingredients
*Active ingredients
*Preservatives
*UV filters
*Dyes
*Fragrances



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-6 STEARATE:
1. Anti-foaming Agent / Defoamer:
Peg-6 Stearate reduces or hinders the formation of foam.
2. Binder / Stabilizer:
Peg-6 Stearate retains the physical characteristics of food/cosmetics and ensure the mixture remains in an even state.
3. Emulsifier:
Peg-6 Stearate allows water and oils to remain mixed together to form an emulsion.
4. Surfactant:
Peg-6 Stearate reduces the surface tension to allow mixtures to be formed evenly.
Emulsifier is a specific type of surfactant which allows two liquids to mix together evenly



CLASS OF PEG-6 STEARATE:
*Specialty Chemicals,
*Industry,
*Cosmetic ,
*Industrial ,
*Pharmaceutical ,
*Textiles ,
*Adhesives ,
*Plastics.



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-6 STEARATE:
*Emulsifier ,
*Acid ,
*Dispersant ,
*Lubricant



WHAT IS PEG-6 STEARATE?
Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Stearates (PEG-2 Stearate, PEG-6 Stearate, PEG-8 Stearate, PEG-12 Stearate, PEG-20 Stearate, PEG-32 Stearate, PEG-40 Stearate, PEG-50 Stearate, PEG-100 Stearate, PEG-150 Stearate) are esters of polyethylene glycol and stearic acid.
The PEG Stearates are soft to waxy solids that are white to tan in color. In cosmetics and personal care products, PEG Stearates are used in skin creams, conditioners, shampoos, body cleansers and soapless detergents.



WHY IS PEG-6 STEARATE USED?
The PEG Stearates clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away.



SCIENTIFIC FACTS OF PEG-6 STEARATE:
The PEG Stearates are produced from stearic acid, a naturally occurring fatty acid
A natural organic compound that consists of a carboxyl group (oxygen, carbon and hydrogen) attached to a chain of carbon atoms with their associated hydrogen atoms.

The chain of carbon atoms may be connected with single bonds, making a ‘saturated’ fat; or it may contain some double bonds, making an ‘unsaturated’ fat.
The number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the chain is what determines the qualities of that particular fatty acid.
Animal and vegetable fats are made up of various combinations of fatty acids (in sets of three) connected to a glycerol molecule, making them triglycerides.

The numerical value of each PEG Stearate corresponds to the average number of ethylene oxide monomers in the polyethylene chain.
Polyethylene glycol ingredients may also be named with a number that indicates molecular weight, for example polyethylene glycol (400) stearate is another name for PEG-8 Stearate.



WHAT IS PEG?
Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Stearates (PEG-2 Stearate, PEG-6 Stearate, PEG-8 Stearate, PEG-12 Stearate, PEG-20 Stearate, PEG-32 Stearate, PEG-40 Stearate, PEG-50 Stearate, PEG-100 Stearate, PEG-150 Stearate) are esters of polyethylene glycol and stearic acid.
The PEG Stearates are soft to waxy solids that are white to tan in color. In cosmetics and personal care products, PEG Stearates are used in skin creams, conditioners, shampoos, body cleansers and soapless detergents.



WHY IS PEG USED?
The PEG Stearates clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away.



SCIENTIFIC FACTS OF PEG:
The PEG Stearates are produced from stearic acid, a naturally occurring fatty acid
A natural organic compound that consists of a carboxyl group (oxygen, carbon and hydrogen) attached to a chain of carbon atoms with their associated hydrogen atoms.

The chain of carbon atoms may be connected with single bonds, making a ‘saturated’ fat; or it may contain some double bonds, making an ‘unsaturated’ fat.
The number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the chain is what determines the qualities of that particular fatty acid.
Animal and vegetable fats are made up of various combinations of fatty acids (in sets of three) connected to a glycerol molecule, making them triglycerides.

The numerical value of each PEG Stearate corresponds to the average number of ethylene oxide monomers in the polyethylene chain.
Polyethylene glycol ingredients may also be named with a number that indicates molecular weight, for example polyethylene glycol (400) stearate is another name for PEG-8 Stearate.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PEG-6 STEARATE:
Appearance: white wax
CAS number: 9004-99-3
Physical state: firm
INCI: PEG-6 Stearate
Durability: 24 months
Storage: should be stored between 0 °C and 30 °C, in sealed original packaging
Boiling point: 604.4±50.0 °C(Predicted)
Density: 0.986±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
pka: 14.36±0.10(Predicted)
EWG's Food Scores: 1-3
FDA UNII: 8LQC57C6B0
Chemical name: Polyoxyl 6 Stearate
CAS Number: 9004-99-3
Category: miscellaneous compounds
Synonyms: PEG 40 Stearate; 17-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl stearate (USP);
Molecular form: C30H60O8
Appearance: White Light Brown Waxy Solid
Mol. Weight: 548.8
Storage: 2-8°C Refrigerator
Shipping Conditions: Ambient
Applications: NA



FIRST AID MEASURES of PEG-6 STEARATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PEG-6 STEARATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PEG-6 STEARATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PEG-6 STEARATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PEG-6 STEARATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: 2 - 8 °C



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PEG-6 STEARATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available




PEG-60 CASTOR OIL
N° CAS : 61788-85-0 - Huile de ricin hydrogénée et éthoxylée, Autres langues : Aceite de ricino hidrogenado y etoxilado, Hydriertes und ethoxyliertes Rizinusöl, Hydrogenated and ethoxylated castor oil, Olio di ricino idrogenato ed etossilato, Nom INCI : PEG-60 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL. Ses fonctions (INCI) : Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile). Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
PEG-60 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL
castor oil ricinus communis; hydrogenated ethoxylated (60 mol EO average molar ratio); croduret 60; emanon CH-60(K) cas no:61788-85-0
PEG-6000 DISTEARATE
PEG-6000 Distearate is a white to off-white powder.
PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of vegetable-derived triple-pressed grade stearic acid and a defined high molecular weight polyethylene glycol.


CAS Number: 9005-08-7
EINECS: Polymer Exempt
MDL Number: MFCD00081839
INCI Name: PEG-150 Distearate
Chem/IUPAC Name: Poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl),. alpha. -(1-oxooctadecyl)-. omega. -[(1-oxooctadecyl)oxy]-
Molecular Formula : C19H40O4



Polyethylene glycol distearate, PEG400 Distearate, heptadecanoic acid - ethane-1,2-diol (1:1), PEG 6000 Distearate Powder, PEG 6000 Distearate, Unipeg 6000DS, Lipopeg 6000 DS, Protamate 6000 DS, T/N: Lumulse 602-S, T/N: Acipol Di 15018 B, Polyethylene glycol distearate, Polyoxyethylene Distearate ester, POE(150) Distearate, Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-(1-oxooctadecyl)-.omega.-[(1-oxooctadecyl)oxy]-, Macrogol 6000, Polyethylenglycol 6000, Polyethylenglykol 6000 Distearat, Polyoxyethylen(150), Polyoxyethylen(150)distearat, THOX P-6000 DS, PEG-150 DISTEARATE, PEG-150 DISTEARATE [II], PEG-150 DISTEARATE [INCI], POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 6000 DISTEARATE, POLYOXYL 150 DISTEARATE, UNIPEG-6000 DS, PEG-150 DISTEARATE, POE (150) DISTEARATE, KESSCO PEG 6000 DISTEARATE, Glycols,polyethylene, distearate (8CI), Stearic acid, diester with polyethylene glycol(8CI), 62S, 62S (lubricant), Aculyn 60, Atlas G 1821, CDS 400, CDS 6000P, CRL1095, Cithrol 10DS, Cithrol 4DS, Cithrol 60DS, Cutina TS, Cyclo PEG (400)DS, Dispeg 200, EL 1821, Emalex 200di-S, Emalex 600di-S, Emalex di-S, Emanon 3299, Emanon 3299R, Emanon 3299RV, Emanon 3299V, Emerest 2642, Emerest 2712, Emulgen3299, Emulmin 862, Estol 3734, Estol EO 4DS3724, Eumulgin EO 33, Gelucire55/18, Genapol TS Powder, Hetoxamate 6000, Hetoxamate 6000DS, Hetoxamate 6000DSSpecial, Ionet DS 1000, Ionet DS 300, Ionet DS 400, Ionet DS 4000, Kessco PEG400DS, Kessco PEG 6000DS, Lionon DT 600S, Lipal 15DS, Lipal 400DS, Lipopeg 4DS, Lipopeg 6000DS, Mapeg 1540DS, Mapeg 400DS, Mapeg 6000DS, Mazol 6000DS, NikkolCDS 6000P, Nissan Nonion DS 60HN, Noigen DS 601, Nonex 80, Nonion DS 60HN, Nonisol 300, PEG 150 distearate, PEG 1540 distearate, PEG 1540DS, PEG 6000distearate, PEG 6000DS, PEG 8 distearate, PEG distearate, PEG-2 Distearate, PEG-20 Distearate, Pegnol PDS 60, Pegosperse 400DS, Pionin D 2410D, Poly(oxyethylene) distearate, Polyethylene glycol dioctadecanoate, Polyethyleneglycol distearate, Polyethylene glycol distearoyl ester, Polyethylene glycolstearic acid diester, Polyethylene oxide distearate, Rewopal PEG 6000DS, Ritapeg 150DS, S 1009, S 1013, Stabogel,



PEG-6000 Distearate is particularly effective for the thickening of clear, mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as shampoos, body washes, bubble baths, baby baths, vapor baths, and shower gels.
PEG-6000 Distearate is an emulsifying agent (O/W) and thickener (aqueous).


PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of vegetable-derived triple-pressed grade stearic acid and a defined high molecular weight polyethylene glycol.
PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of vegetable-derived triple-pressed grade stearic acid and a defined high molecular weight polyethylene glycol.


PEG-6000 Distearate is a polyether compound that is used in a wide variety of fields including pharmaceutical manufacturing as an excipient and active ingredient.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a polyethylene glycol diester of stearic acid.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an off-white flake
PEG-6000 Distearate is a white to yellowish pellets.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a hydrophilic emulsifier; thickener.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an efficient thickening agent for shampoos, body washes or foam baths.
Even at low levels, PEG-6000 Distearate results in a high viscosity modifying effect.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a polyethylene glycol diester of stearic acid.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an off-white flake
PEG-6000 Distearate is a white to yellowish pellets.
This thickening agent, PEG-6000 Distearate, has garnered appreciation for its widespread use in personal care products, cosmetics, paints, and dyes.


PEG-6000 Distearate is produced by the esterification of stearic acid which is derived from palm kernel oil or other vegetable oils.
PEG-6000 Distearate is polyethylene glycol diester of stearic acid.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a thickening agent.


PEG-6000 Distearate is easy to handle and shows distinctive viscosity modifying effects.
PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of vegetable-derived triple-pressed grade stearic acid and a defined high molecular weight polyethylene glycol.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an extremely effective additive for difficult to thicken surfactant systems.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a thickening agent.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a hydrophilic surfactant thickening agent.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an extremely effective additive for difficult to thicken surfactant systems.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a thickening agent.
PEG-6000 Distearate offers a distinctive viscosity modifying effect.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an extremely effective additive for difficult to thicken surfactant systems.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a polyethylene glycol diester of stearic acid.
PEG-6000 Distearate is an off-white flake


PEG-6000 Distearate is a white to yellowish pellets.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a hydrophilic emulsifier; thickener.
PEG-6000 Distearate is an efficient thickening agent for shampoos, body washes or foam baths.


Even at low levels, PEG-6000 Distearate results in a high viscosity modifying effect.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a polyethylene glycol diester of stearic acid.
PEG-6000 Distearate is an off-white flake


PEG-6000 Distearate is a white to yellowish pellets.
This thickening agent, PEG-6000 Distearate, has garnered appreciation for its widespread use in personal care products, cosmetics, paints, and dyes.
PEG-6000 Distearate is produced by the esterification of stearic acid which is derived from palm kernel oil or other vegetable oils.


PEG-6000 Distearate is polyethylene glycol diester of stearic acid.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a thickening agent.
PEG-6000 Distearate is easy to handle and shows distinctive viscosity modifying effects.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of vegetable-derived triple-pressed grade stearic acid and a defined high molecular weight polyethylene glycol.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a white to off-white powder.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of vegetable-derived triple-pressed grade stearic acid and a defined high molecular weight polyethylene glycol.
PEG-6000 Distearate is particularly effective for the thickening of clear, mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as shampoos, body washes, bubble baths, baby baths, vapor baths, and shower gels.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an emulsifying agent (O/W) and thickener (aqueous).
PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of vegetable-derived triple-pressed grade stearic acid and a defined high molecular weight polyethylene glycol.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of vegetable-derived triple-pressed grade stearic acid and a defined high molecular weight polyethylene glycol.

PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of vegetable-derived triple-pressed grade stearic acid and a defined high molecular weight polyethylene glycol.


PEG-6000 Distearate is a polyether compound that is used in a wide variety of fields including pharmaceutical manufacturing as an excipient and active ingredient.
PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of vegetable-derived triple-pressed grade stearic acid and a defined high molecular weight polyethylene glycol.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
PEG-6000 Distearate is particularly effective for the thickening of clear, mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as shampoos, body washes, bubble baths, baby baths, vapor baths, and shower gels.
PEG-6000 Distearate can also be used to thicken facial scrubs, facial cleansers, body scrubs, and shaving foams, and finds application in color cosmetics as an auxiliary emulsifier (HLB ~18.4).


The typical use level of PEG-6000 Distearate is 2 – 4%.
PEG-6000 Distearate is commonly used to thicken mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as baby shampoos, baby bath and facial scrubs.
PEG-6000 Distearate is also used in deodorants, facial cleansers, facial color cosmetics, liquid hand soaps, shampoos, shaving products and shower gels/body washes.


PEG-6000 Distearate is commonly used to thicken mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as baby shampoos, baby baths, facial scrubs, facial cleansers, body washes, body scrubs and shaving foams.
PEG-6000 Distearate also finds application in color cosmetics as an auxiliary emulsifer/


Due to its low toxicity PEG-6000 Distearate can be used as a lubricating coating for various surfaces in aqueous and non-aqueous environments, a reagent in biochemistry to create very high osmotic pressures, a polar stationary phase for gas chromatography and as a binder.
PEG-6000 Distearate is used thickening agent for cleansing formulations, especially shampoo, shower and bath preparations.


PEG-6000 Distearate is used Antiperspirants & Deodorants, Baby Care and Cleansing, Face Cleansing, Liquid Soap, Shampoo, and Shower/Bath Products.
PEG-6000 Distearate is a non-ionic surfactant with low irritation to the skin and eyes with excellent thickening power, in addition to acting positively on foam formation and increasing the viscosity response of other surfactants in the formulations.


This thickening agent, PEG-6000 Distearate has garnered appreciation for its widespread use in personal care products, cosmetics, paints, and dyes.
PEG-6000 Distearate is produced by the esterification of stearic acid which is derived from palm kernel oil or other vegetable oils.
PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of triple pressed stearic acid and polyethylene glycol.


PEG-6000 Distearate is commonly used to thicken mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as baby shampoos, lotions, pet shampoos, bubble baths, cleansing products, and hair conditioners.
PEG-6000 Distearate is recommended for baby-, mild hair- & shower shampoos, foam baths and skin cleansing lotions.


The shelf life of PEG-6000 Distearate is 12 months.
PEG-6000 Distearate is particularly effective for the thickening of clear, mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as shampoos, body washes, bubble baths, baby baths, vapor baths and shower gels.


PEG-6000 Distearate can also be used to thicken facial scrubs, facial cleansers, body scrubs and shaving foams, and finds application in color cosmetics as an auxiliary emulsifer (HLB ~18.4).
The typical use level of PEG-6000 Distearate is 2 – 4%.


PEG-6000 Distearate is in the form of solid, white to off-white waxy flakes and used as a thickener, emulsifier, solubilizer in cosmetics and personal care products.
Typical concentration of PEG-6000 Distearate is 0.5-50%.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an efficient thickening agent for shampoos, body washes or foam baths.
Even at low levels, PEG-6000 Distearate results in a high viscosity modifying effect.
PEG-6000 Distearate is used in formulations which are difficult to thicken.


PEG-6000 Distearate is used Skin care (Facial care, Facial cleansing, Body care, Baby care) > Baby care > Baby shampoos, Toiletries (Shower & Bath, Oral care...) > Shower & bath > Foam bath, Skin care (Facial care, Facial cleansing, Body care, Baby care) > , Facial cleansing > Cleansing lotions & toners, and
Hair care (Shampoos, Conditioners & Styling) > Shampoos.


PEG-6000 Distearate is used in baby shampoos, mild hair shampoos, foam baths, shower shampoos and skin cleansing lotions.
PEG-6000 Distearate is used in formulations which are difficult to thicken.
Industry Primarily Used of PEG-6000 Distearate: Cosmetics, Pharmaceuticals, Inks & Coatings.


PEG-6000 Distearate is a non-ionic surfactant with low irritation to the skin and eyes with excellent thickening power, in addition to acting positively on foam formation and increasing the viscosity response of other surfactants in the formulations.
This thickening agent, PEG-6000 Distearate has garnered appreciation for its widespread use in personal care products, cosmetics, paints, and dyes.


PEG-6000 Distearate is used thickening agent for cleansing formulations, especially shampoo, shower and bath preparations.
PEG-6000 Distearate is used Antiperspirants & Deodorants, Baby Care and Cleansing, Face Cleansing, Liquid Soap, Shampoo, and Shower/Bath Products.
PEG-6000 Distearate is produced by the esterification of stearic acid which is derived from palm kernel oil or other vegetable oils.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of triple pressed stearic acid and polyethylene glycol.
PEG-6000 Distearate is commonly used to thicken mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as baby shampoos, lotions, pet shampoos, bubble baths, cleansing products, and hair conditioners.


PEG-6000 Distearate is recommended for baby-, mild hair- & shower shampoos, foam baths and skin cleansing lotions.
The shelf life of PEG-6000 Distearate is 12 months.
PEG-6000 Distearate is particularly effective for the thickening of clear, mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as shampoos, body washes, bubble baths, baby baths, vapor baths and shower gels.


PEG-6000 Distearate can also be used to thicken facial scrubs, facial cleansers, body scrubs and shaving foams, and finds application in color cosmetics as an auxiliary emulsifer (HLB ~18.4).
The typical use level of PEG-6000 Distearate is 2 – 4%.


PEG-6000 Distearate is in the form of solid, white to off-white waxy flakes and used as a thickener, emulsifier, solubilizer in cosmetics and personal care products.
Typical concentration of PEG-6000 Distearate is 0.5-50%.


PEG-6000 Distearate is an efficient thickening agent for shampoos, body washes or foam baths.
Even at low levels, PEG-6000 Distearate results in a high viscosity modifying effect.
PEG-6000 Distearate is used in formulations which are difficult to thicken.


PEG-6000 Distearate is used in formulations which are difficult to thicken.
Industry Primarily Used of PEG-6000 Distearate: Cosmetics, Pharmaceuticals, Inks & Coatings
PEG-6000 Distearate is particularly effective for the thickening of clear, mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as shampoos, body washes, bubble baths, baby baths, vapor baths, and shower gels.


PEG-6000 Distearate can also be used to thicken facial scrubs, facial cleansers, body scrubs, and shaving foams, and finds application in color cosmetics as an auxiliary emulsifier (HLB ~18.4).
The typical use level of PEG-6000 Distearate is 2 – 4%.


PEG-6000 Distearate is commonly used to thicken mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as baby shampoos, baby bath and facial scrubs.
PEG-6000 Distearate is also used in deodorants, facial cleansers, facial color cosmetics, liquid hand soaps, shampoos, shaving products and shower gels/body washes.


PEG-6000 Distearate is commonly used to thicken mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as baby shampoos, baby baths, facial scrubs, facial cleansers, body washes, body scrubs and shaving foams.
PEG-6000 Distearate also finds application in color cosmetics as an auxiliary emulsifer/


Due to its low toxicity PEG-6000 Distearate can be used as a lubricating coating for various surfaces in aqueous and non-aqueous environments, a reagent in biochemistry to create very high osmotic pressures, a polar stationary phase for gas chromatography and as a binder.



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
PEG-6000 Distearate is commonly used to thicken mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as baby shampoos, baby baths, facial scrubs, facial cleansers, body washes, body scrubs and shaving foams.
PEG-6000 Distearate also finds application in color cosmetics as an auxiliary emulsifer (HLB ~18.4).



FEATURES & BENEFITS OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
*Emulsifying Agent (O/W)
*Thickener (aqueous)



CHARACTERISTICS OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
Extremely effective additive for difficult to thicken surfactant
systems.



ADVANTAGES OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
*easy to handle
*shows distinctive viscosity modifying effects



WHAT IS PEG-6000 DISTEARATE USED FOR?
PEG-6000 Distearate is used mainly as a thickener in products like shampoos, conditioners, shower gels, face washes, hand washes, shaving creams, baby-care products etc.
*Skin care:
PEG-6000 Distearate is used as an emulsifier in creams and lotions
*Hair care:
PEG-6000 Distearate is used as an anti-static agent in conditioners



ORIGIN OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
PEG-6000 Distearate is produced by the esterification of stearic acid which is derived from palm kernel oil or other vegetable oils.



WHAT DOES PEG-6000 DISTEARATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Emulsifying
*Viscosity controlling



SAFETY PROFILE OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
PEG-6000 Distearate is designated as safe to be used in products at a concentration of 5.0%.



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
*Thickener,
*Viscosity Modifier,
*Viscosity Stabilizer



BENEFIT CLAIMS OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
*Rich Feel



BENEFITS AND USES OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
PEG-6000 Distearate is used to thicken products like shampoos, conditioners, shower gels, hand washes, shaving creams, etc.
PEG-6000 Distearate is an excellent emulsifier and is usually added to creams and lotions.
PEG-6000 Distearate mixes well with water and oil and enables them to clean dirt and grime from the surface.
PEG-6000 Distearate forms a film on the hair and reduces static and is therefore used in conditioners.
When added to paints and dyes, PEG-6000 Distearate thickens their consistency and emulsifies them.



HOW PEG-6000 DISTEARATE WORKS?
PEG-6000 Distearate works by acting as a solubilizer for water-insoluble ingredients.
PEG-6000 Distearate reduces the surface tension of the substances and helps form emulsions.



CONCENTRATION AND SOLUBILITY OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
PEG-6000 Distearate is used at a concentration of 0.5% to 5% of the formulation.
PEG-6000 Distearate is soluble in water and ethanol and is insoluble in vegetable and mineral oil.



HOW TO USE PEG-6000 DISTEARATE?
Heat PEG-6000 Distearate with other surfactants at 60oC and melt it completely.
Mix this blend into the water phase at 35oC and stir.
Add oil phase and adjust the pH.



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
PEG-6000 Distearate is an ester made from the reaction of vegetable-derived triple-pressed grade stearic acid and a defined high molecular weight polyethylene glycol.
PEG-6000 Distearate is commonly used to thicken mild, amphoteric-containing surfactant systems, such as baby shampoos, baby baths, facial scrubs, facial cleansers, body washes, body scrubs and shaving foams.



STORAGE OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
Keep PEG-6000 Distearate container tightly closed.



BENEFITS / APPLICATION OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
PEG-6000 Distearate is a high molecular weight distearate of polyethyleneglycol that provides excellent properties of thickening to formulations based on surfactants agents.

PEG-6000 Distearate is a differentiated thickener with excellent suavity.
PEG-6000 Distearate can be used in many cosmetic formulations, such as shampoos for adults, for children, foam bath, liquid soaps, etc.

PEG-6000 Distearate is a versatile product that can be used as the unique
thickening agent or even associated to alkanolamides, etoxilated
fatty alcohols, and betaines.

Due to the ethylene oxide groups in its molecule, PEG-6000 Distearate acts improving the viscosity of surfactants usually used in soft formulations.
Therefore, surfactants such as sorbitan monolaurate, sulfosuccinates, and betaines have PEG-6000 Distearate's thickener profile improved.

When associated to etoxilated fatty alcohols PEG-6000 Distearate shows a
special synergy that allows that alkanol amides be partially or totally
substituted.

PEG-6000 Distearate should be added under agitation to the water of formulation – total or part of the water – at 70-80°C.
In cold processing, PEG-6000 Distearate must be previously dissolved before
incorporate it to the formulation.

It is better elaborate an aqueous solution at 10% and heat this solution until 70-80°C or PEG-6000 Distearate can be solubilized in the amide associated to an amphoteric, heating to 65-75°C.
After this step, the cold processing can continue.



MAIN PROPERTIES OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
*Surfactant
*Viscosity Controller



INDICATIONS OF PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
PEG-6000 Distearate can be incorporated into shampoos, children's shampoos, liquid soaps and bubble baths.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
Color: 1 Gard Max
Acid Value: 9.0 Max
Saponification Value: 14 - 20
Hydroxyl Value: 2.5 Max
Appearence: Off-white solid
Moisture: 1.0% Max
pH: 4.0 - 7.0 (@ 3% Solution Distilled)
Boiling Point: 492-497°C
Melting Point: 52-57°C
Hydroxyl Value: 5 max.
Solubility: Soluble in water and ethanol
Insoluble in mineral and vegetable oil
Saponification Value: 165-175 mgKOH/g
Appearance Form: solid
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available

pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 35 - 37 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flash point: > 113,00 °C - closed cup
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
Appearance: Flakes/Solid
Color: White to slight yellowish
Acid value: 0 – 9 mg KOH/g
Iodine value: 0 – 1 g I2/100 g
Saponification value: 14 – 25 mg KOH/g
Name: PEG 6000 DISTEARATE
CAS Registry Number: 9005-08-7
Cloud Point: 83C (1% AQ. SOLN.)
Comments: NONIONIC
Density (Specific Gravity)= (25C): 1.075
HLB Number: 18.4
Instrument Name:DIGILAB FTS-40

Melting Point: 55C
Sample Description: OFF-WHITE FLAKES
EINECS: N/A
CAS No.: 9005-08-7
Density: N/A
PSA: 77.76000
LogP: 4.91340
Solubility: N/A
Melting Point: 35-37 °C
Formula: (C2H4O)n.C36H70O3
Boiling Point: 495.3oC at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight: 332.51900
Flash Point: >230 °F
Transport Information: N/A
Appearance: Solid
Safety: Risk Codes: N/A
Hazard Symbols: N/A



FIRST AID MEASURES of PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water.
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Recommended storage temperature see product label.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PEG-6000 DISTEARATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
no information available


PEG-6-Caprylic/Capric Glycerides
SYNONYM Mono-, di- and triglycerides, C8-10, ethoxylated (6 mol EO average molar ratio) PEG-6 caprylic/capric glycerides; POE (6) capryliccapric glycerides CAS #52504-24-2 68954-97-2
PEG-7
PEG-7 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES; Origine(s) : Synthétique; Nom INCI : PEG-7 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES; Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse. Ses fonctions (INCI); Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile). PEG-7 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES is a hydrophilic emollient clearly soluble in aqueous surfactant solutions, solubilizes oils and oil-soluble ingredients. It is stable in medium pH range (app. 5 to 8) and results in surfactant preparations with good foam quality. PEG-7 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES can be used as a superfatting agent in shampoos, shower and bath preparations and solubilizer in skin cleansing preparations, bath oils, facial cleansers and hair rinses.
PEG-7 CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC GLYCERIDES
cas no 68201-46-7 PEG-Glycerylcocoate; PEG7 Coconut oleate; polyethylene glycol glyceryl cocoate; Polyethyleneglycol glyceryl monococoate; Polyoxyethylene (80) glyceryl monococoate;
PEG-7 COCOGLYCERIDES
PEG-7 COCOGLYCERİDES PEG-7 COCOGLYCERİDES PEG-7 COCOGLYCERİDES is classified as : Emollient Emulsifying COSING REF No of PEG-7 cocoglycerides: 87358 Chem/IUPAC Name of PEG-7 cocoglycerides: PEG-7 Cocoglycerides is the polyethylene glycol derivative of the mono- and diglycerides of coconut oil with and average ethoxylation value of 7. Ingredient Description of PEG-7 cocoglycerides PEG-7 Cocoglycerides is the polyethylene glycol derivative of the mono- and diglycerides of coconut oil with and average ethoxylation value of 7. About PEG-7 cocoglycerides: Functions of PEG-7 cocoglycerides: 1. Emollient - Softens and soothes the skin. Prevents water (moisture) loss from the skin. PEG Cocoglycerides PEG Cocoglycerides Synonyms of PEG-7 cocoglycerides Mono- and diglycerides, coconut oil, ethoxylated; Category of PEG-7 cocoglycerides Non-ionic surfactant > Polyether >> Ester Polyether >>> Ester Polyoxyethylene Ether >>>> Polyoxyethylene Natural Product and its Derivatives Chemical Numbering System of PEG-7 cocoglycerides CASRN of PEG-7 cocoglycerides: N/A EINECS of PEG-7 cocoglycerides: N/A Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight of PEG-7 cocoglycerides Molecular Formula of PEG-7 cocoglycerides: N/A Molecular Weight of PEG-7 cocoglycerides: N/A Structure of PEG-7 cocoglycerides Properties of PEG-7 cocoglycerides Appearance of PEG-7 cocoglycerides (1), liquid to solid. Solubility of PEG-7 cocoglycerides slightly soluble in water (dispersible in water) to soluble in water. The solubility increases with the increase of EO number. Stability of PEG-7 cocoglycerides of PEG-7 cocoglycerides stable. Easily oxidized. Under strong acid or strong alkali condition, easily hydrolyzed. Risk of PEG-7 cocoglycerides Solid (or liquid) form: flammable material; irritation, irritation to skin, eye, respiratory system. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2 and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn. GHS (Rev.8) label: Ecology of PEG-7 cocoglycerides may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention. Biodegradability of PEG-7 cocoglycerides biodegradable. Characteristics of PEG-7 cocoglycerides excellent emulsifying, dispersing, solubilizing, lubricating abilities. Performance is related to EO number. Note of PEG-7 cocoglycerides (1), The by-product 1,4-dioxane is a possible carcinogen. Generally, can be acceptable when concentration of 1,4-dioxane is less than 30ppm or less. (2), Be careful with using in children's products.
PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE
Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a type of cosmetic ingredient that is commonly used in personal care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and body washes.
In addition, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a water-soluble emollient that is derived from coconut oil and is often used as a surfactant, which helps to cleanse and foam products.

CAS Number: 66105-29-1, 68201-46-7



APPLICATIONS


Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a versatile ingredient commonly used in personal care and cosmetic products.
In addition, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a water-soluble emollient and surfactant that helps to moisturize and cleanse the skin.

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is known for its mildness and non-irritating properties, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.
Furthermore, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is often used in baby products, facial cleansers, and body washes.

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is derived from coconut oil and is biodegradable, making it an eco-friendly choice for formulators.
Besides, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is also used in hair care products as a conditioning agent and helps to improve manageability and shine.
Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is compatible with a wide range of other cosmetic ingredients and can enhance the overall performance of a formulation.

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a non-toxic ingredient that is considered safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products.
Furthermore, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is often used in natural and organic formulations as an alternative to synthetic ingredients.

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is also used in pharmaceutical and industrial applications as a solubilizer and emulsifier.
Besides, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has excellent water-binding properties, making it a useful humectant in skincare formulations.

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a low-foaming surfactant that is ideal for formulating gentle cleansers and face washes.
More to that, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has a neutral pH and is compatible with a wide range of skin types.

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is often used in anti-aging formulations as it helps to improve skin texture and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
Furthermore, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is stable in a wide range of pH and temperature conditions, making it a reliable choice for formulators.

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a cost-effective ingredient that can provide multiple benefits to a formulation.
Besides, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is often used in combination with other natural and synthetic ingredients to achieve a desired texture and viscosity.
Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is an excellent emollient that can help to soften and soothe dry and irritated skin.

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has a light, non-greasy feel and is quickly absorbed by the skin.
Furthermore, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a widely used ingredient that has been extensively studied and proven to be safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products.

PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate is derived from coconut oil fatty acids.
Besides, PEG stands for ‘polyethylene glycol’ and the number next to it refers to its molecular weight.
PEGs are a big family of synthetics and their use and properties will vary depending on their weight and composition.

As an emulsifier, PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate attracts and hold together water and oil-based ingredients such as rose infusion or jojoba oil.
Without emulsifiers, the formula would separate, causing oil droplets to float on top of the water.

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a multi-functional ingredient that can be found in a range of products such as cleansers, hair conditioners, and shampoos.
Besides, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has benefits for both skin and hair.


Some uses uf Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate:

Hair care:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate effortlessly combines oil and water together - thus proving beneficial in cleaning the dirt and oil out of the hair.
Furthermore, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate treats rough and dry hair to leave them feeling healthy

Skin care:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate helps in restoring the skin’s natural barrier and locks in moisture to give smoothness and flawlessness.
Besides, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is lightweight and non-greasy, so it does not weigh the skin down.

Cosmetic products:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate improves the look and feel of cosmetic products by adding desired thickness and texture to them.
Additionally, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate mixes oil and water components together and thus stabilizes the formulations


Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has a range of applications in the cosmetic and personal care industry.
Here are some common uses of Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate:

Cleansers:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a mild surfactant that can be used in facial cleansers, body washes, and shampoos to cleanse and remove dirt and impurities from the skin and hair without causing dryness or irritation.

Shaving products:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used as a lubricant and emollient in shaving creams and gels to improve the glide of the razor and soothe the skin.

Moisturizers:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used as an emollient and humectant in moisturizing lotions, creams, and serums to hydrate and soften the skin.

Hair care products:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used in conditioners and hair treatments to detangle and soften the hair, as well as improve the spreadability of other ingredients in the formulation.

Makeup products:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used in various makeup products, such as foundation, lipstick, and eye shadow, to improve the texture, spreadability, and adherence of the product on the skin.

Overall, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a versatile ingredient that can enhance the performance and sensory attributes of cosmetic and personal care products.


Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is primarily used in the cosmetic and personal care industry, but it also has some applications in other industries.
Here are some additional uses of Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate:

Industrial cleaners:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used as a surfactant in industrial cleaning products, such as degreasers, to effectively remove dirt and grime from various surfaces.

Textile industry:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used as a softener and emulsifier in textile processing to improve the texture and appearance of fabrics.

Agriculture:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used as a wetting agent in agricultural formulations to improve the spread and adhesion of herbicides, fungicides, and other crop protection products.

Pharmaceuticals:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used as an emulsifier and solubilizer in pharmaceutical formulations to improve the delivery and bioavailability of active ingredients.

Lubricants:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used as a lubricant in various applications, such as metalworking and drilling, to reduce friction and wear on the equipment.


Overall, while the primary use of Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is in the cosmetic and personal care industry, its unique properties make it a useful ingredient in a variety of other applications as well.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is commonly used in personal care and cosmetic products as a non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier.
Furthermore, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is frequently used as an ingredient in facial cleansers, body washes, shampoos, and other similar products due to its ability to provide a gentle and effective cleansing experience without causing irritation or stripping the skin of its natural oils.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can also be used as a solubilizer, helping to dissolve other ingredients and keep them in solution in products like lotions and creams.
In addition to its cleansing and solubilizing properties, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can act as a moisturizer and conditioner, helping to keep skin and hair soft and hydrated.

Its mild nature and ability to work well with a variety of other ingredients make it a popular choice for formulators looking to create gentle, effective personal care products.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is also used in some household cleaning products as a surfactant and emulsifier, helping to break down dirt and grime and keep surfaces clean.

In some industrial applications, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used as a lubricant or anti-foaming agent due to its ability to reduce friction and prevent the formation of unwanted bubbles or foam.
Because PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is derived from natural sources and is biodegradable, it is often favored over synthetic ingredients in products that aim to be more environmentally friendly.

While PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is generally considered safe for use in personal care and household products, some people with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions to the ingredient.
As with any ingredient, it is important to follow proper safety guidelines and regulations when formulating products that contain PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate.



DESCRIPTION


Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a type of cosmetic ingredient that is commonly used in personal care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and body washes.
Furthermore, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a water-soluble emollient that is derived from coconut oil and is often used as a surfactant, which helps to cleanse and foam products.

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a mild and gentle ingredient that is well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin.
Moreover, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate helps to hydrate and moisturize the skin, while also providing a smooth and silky texture to products.

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is also known for its ability to improve the spreadability and efficacy of other ingredients in a formulation, which can help to enhance the overall performance of a product.
Overall, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a widely used cosmetic ingredient that can provide a variety of benefits for the skin and hair.

However, as with any cosmetic ingredient, it is important to use products containing Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate as directed and to discontinue use if any irritation or allergic reactions occur.


Here are some properties of Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate:

Viscosity:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has a viscosity of approximately 200-500 centipoise (cps) at 25°C, which can vary depending on the concentration and temperature.

Stability:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is generally stable under normal storage conditions, but may be susceptible to hydrolysis and oxidation over time.
Besides, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate should be stored in a cool, dry place and protected from heat, light, and air.

Compatibility:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is compatible with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients, including other surfactants, emulsifiers, and preservatives.

Foam quality:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can produce a creamy and stable foam in cosmetic products, which can enhance the sensory experience for the user.

Biodegradability:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is biodegradable and considered to be environmentally friendly, as it can be broken down into harmless substances by natural processes.

Regulatory status:

Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is approved for use in cosmetic products in the United States and the European Union, and is generally recognized as safe for use in these applications.
However, it should be used in accordance with applicable regulations and guidelines.


PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate is an emulsifier that helps stabilise and thicken formulas, allowing to create solid products and therefore remove the need for unnecessary packaging and synthetic preservatives.
Further to that, Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate also conditions the hair and skin, giving shine and softness.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Name: Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate
INCI Name: PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate
Molecular Formula: C25H50O9
Molecular Weight: 490.66 g/mol
Appearance: Clear to slightly hazy liquid
Solubility: Soluble in water and most polar solvents
pH: 5.0-7.0
Boiling Point: > 100°C
Flash Point: > 100°C
Melting Point: Not applicable (liquid form)
Odor: Mild coconut scent
Function: Surfactant, emollient, and skin-conditioning agent



FIRST AID


While Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is generally considered to be safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products, it's important to take appropriate safety precautions in case of accidental exposure.
Here are some general first aid measures to follow in the event of contact with Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate:

Skin contact:

Remove any contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.
If irritation or rash develops, seek medical attention.


Eye contact:

Rinse eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough flushing.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.


Inhalation:

If inhaled, move to an area with fresh air and seek medical attention if breathing difficulties occur.


Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting.
Rinse mouth with water and seek medical attention immediately.


It's important to note that these first aid measures are general guidelines and may need to be adapted based on the severity and nature of the exposure.
If you have any concerns about accidental exposure to Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, seek medical attention immediately.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Here's the handling and storage information for Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate:

Handling:

Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and eye protection.

Avoid inhalation of dust or mist.
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking while handling the substance.


Storage:

Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from sources of heat and ignition.
Keep the substance tightly sealed in a container that is resistant to corrosion and leakage.
Store away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizers or strong acids.

Keep away from children and pets.
Ensure that storage area is clearly labeled with appropriate warning signs.


It's important to note that Peg-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products.
However, as with any substance, it's important to handle and store it with care to avoid accidental exposure or contamination.
In case of accidental exposure or spill, refer to the appropriate safety data sheet and follow the recommended procedures for cleaning up and disposing of the substance.



SYNONYMS


Polyethylene glycol 7 glyceryl cocoate
Glyceryl cocoate polyethylene glycol ether
Cocoate de polyoxyéthylène de glycéryle 7
PEG-7 cocoate
Polyoxyethylene (7) glyceryl cocoate
Glyceryl cocoate PEG ether
PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate ether
Cocoate de glycéryle et de PEG-7
7-Hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) cocoate
Cocoate de polyglycéryle et de PEG-7
7-Oxa-3,20-dioxa-6-azatricyclo[22.3.0.0³,⁷]heptacosane-18,26-dioic acid, 5-(acetyloxy)-4,12-dimethyl-11-oxo-8,20-dioxa-3,19-diazatetracyclo[20.2.1.0⁴,⁹]nonacos-10-en-17-yl ester, PEG-7 cocoate
PEG-7 cocoate de glyceryl
Cocoate de PEG-7 et de glycéryle
Cocoate de glycéryle et de poly(oxyde d'éthylène) 7
PEG-7 Cocoate de polyglycéryle et de cocoate de glycéryle
Glyceryl Cocoate PEG-7 Ether
Glyceryl Cocoate PEG-7 Ester
PEG-7 Cocoate de Poly(oxyde d'éthylène) de glycéryle
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate Polyethylene Glycol Ether
Glyceryl Cocoate Polyethylene Glycol Ether 7
Cocoate de polyoxyéthylène de glycéryle-7
Glyceryl Cocoate Ethylene Glycol Ether
Polyethylene Glycol 7 Cocoate de Glyceryl
PEG-7 Cocoate de Glycéryle et de Poly(oxyde d'éthylène)
PEG-7 Cocoate de Glycéryle et de Polyglycéryle
Cocoate de Glycéryle et de Poly(oxyéthylène) 7
Polyethylene Glycol 7 Cocoate de Glyceryl Ether
PEG-7 Cocoate de Poly(oxyde d'éthylène) de Cocoate de Glycéryle
PEG-7 Cocoate de Glycéryle et de Cocoate de Polyglycéryle
Cocoate de Glycéryle Polyethylene Glycol 7 Ether
Glyceryl Cocoate Polyethylene Glycol-7 Ether
Cocoate de Glycéryle et de Poly(oxy-1,2-éthanediyl)-7
PEG-7 Cocoate de Glycéryle et de Cocoate de Glycéryle
Cocoate de Glycéryle Poly(oxy-1,2-éthanediyl) 7
Poly(oxy-1,2-éthanediyl), alpha-(coco-alkyl)-omega-hydroxy-, ether with glyceryl, PEG-7 Cocoate
PEG-7 Cocoate de Glycéryle et de Poly(oxy-1,2-éthanediyl) de Cocoate de Glycéryle
Glyceryl Cocoate Polyethylene Glycol-7 Cocoate
PEG-7 Cocoate de Poly(oxy-1,2-éthanediyl) de Glycéryle et de Cocoate de Glycéryle
Cocoate de Glycéryle de Poly(oxy-1,2-éthanediyl) 7
Glyceryl Cocoate Ethylene Oxide Adduct 7
Cocoate de Glycéryle et de Poly(oxy-1,2-éthanediyl) 7 de Cocoate de Glycéryle
Glyceryl Cocoate Polyethylene Glycol-7
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate Ester
Polyethylene Glycol 7 Glyceryl Cocoate Ether
Glyceryl Cocoate Ethoxylated
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-(coco-alkyl)-omega-hydroxy-, ether with glycerol
Glyceryl Cocoate Ethoxylate
PEG-7 Cocoate
Cocoate de Polyéthylène glycol 7 et de glycéryle
PEG-7 Cocoate de glycéryle
Ethoxylated Glyceryl Cocoate
Glyceryl Cocoate Ethylene Oxide Condensate
Cocoate de Poly(oxyde d'éthylène) glycéryle
PEG-7 Cocoate de Polyglycéryle
PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has emollient and conditioning effects on skin.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a water-soluble ingredient that has many benefits in the cosmetic industry.


CAS Number: 66105-29-1, 68201-46-7
Chem/IUPAC Name: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.''-1,2,3-propanetriyltris-.omega.-hydroxy-, monococonut acid ester (7 mol EO average molar ratio)



SYNONYMS:
Glycerides, coco mono- and di-, ethoxylated, Glycerides, coco mono- and di-, ethoxylated, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, macrogoli 7 glyceroli cocoas, Cetiol He, Polyoxyethylen(7) Glycerylcocoat, peg-7 Glyceril Cocoate, GLYCERYL OLEATE, GLYCERIN, Glycerides, coco mono- and di-, ethoxylated, Glycerides, coco mono- and di-, ethoxylated, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate,PEG-Glycerylcocoate, PEG7 Coconut Oleate, Glicereth-2 Cocoate, macrogoli 7 glyceroli cocoas, Cetiol He, Polyoxyethylen(7) Glycerylcocoat, peg-7 Glyceril Cocoate, PEG-Glycerylcocoate, PEG7 Coconut oleate, Glicereth-2 cocoate, PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE, PEG-40 GLYCERYL COCOATE, PEG-30 GLYCERYL COCOATE, PEG-80 GLYCERYL COCOATE, PEG-78 GLYCERYL COCOATE, polyethylene glycol glyceryl cocoate, Polyethyleneglycol glyceryl monococoate, Polyethylene glycol (#) glyceryl cocoate (where # is 78 or 2000), Polyethylene glycol (#) glyceryl monococoate (where # is 7,30 or 80), PEG-# glyceryl cocoate (where 3 is 7,30,40,78, or 80), Coconut glycerides, ethoxylated, Polyoxyethylene (#) glyceryl cocoate (where # is 40 or 78)



PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a water soluble polyol fatty acid ester.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a non-ionic surface active agent and acts as an emulsifying agent.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has emollient and conditioning effects on skin.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate also has super-fatting properties.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a non-ionic surfactant, used mainly in cosmetic applications.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a derivative based on renewable vegetable raw materials such as polyoxyethylated fatty acid esters and glycerol.


The content of the active substance exceeds 99%.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is in the form of a liquid, from straw to light yellow, with a low viscosity and freezing point of around -10 ° C, which facilitates its handling in process conditions.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has limited solubility in water, forming turbid solutions.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a biodegradable compound, compliant with the biodegradation criteria set out in Regulation (EC) No. 648/2004 on detergents and Regulation (EC) No. 1223/2009 on cosmetics.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, a compound belonging to this group, is an emulsifier that helps stabilize and thicken cosmetic formulations to form solid products, thus eliminating synthetic preservatives.
As an ingredient in cosmetics, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate boosts hair and skin care, leaving hair shiny and skin soft.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a clear, light yellow water-loving oil that comes from coconut/palm kernel oil and glycerin.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate's a mild cleansing agent popular in baby washes and sensitive skin formulas.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate's also a so-called solubilizer that helps to dissolve oils and oil-soluble ingredients (e.g.essential oils or salicylic acid) in water-based formulas.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a water-soluble ingredient that has many benefits in the cosmetic industry.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate conditions the skin and hair while also thickening the formulations.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is basically an oil that is light yellow in color and has a distinctive odor.


Categorizing broadly, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is an emulsifier, emollient, and surfactant.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be found in products like cleansers, moisturizers, hair conditioners, etc.
This synthetic polymer, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, is based on PEG (polyethylene glycol) and fatty acids derived from coconut oil.


Due to the presence of PEG, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate may contain potentially toxic manufacturing impurities such as 1,4-dioxane.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate's score is higher if used in products that may not meet industry safety guidelines or U.S. and international government requirements and may have contamination concerns from toxic impurities.


The score will be lower if used in products that do meet these safety guidelines and requirements and EWG’s contamination restrictions.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a transparent and yellow substance.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is soluble in water and water-based solvents.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate acts as a cleanser.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has the potential to moisturize and soften the skin surface.
In some personal care products, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate makes the product slippery.


The usage rate of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate varies between 1% and 10% depending on the demonstrative effect of the product and its interaction with other substances.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a complex blend of a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative and coconut + glycerin-derived cleansing agent, meaning that it can be described as coconut-derived.


The blend can be an emollient, emulsifier, and surfactant.
As an emollient, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate helps soften and smooth skin, making it a useful addition to moisturizers, hair conditioners, and cleansers.
There have been some concerns about the safety of this ingredient because of the presence of ethylene oxide in it.


Ethylene oxide can react with other chemicals in a process called ethoxylation, which can lead to contamination by 1,4-dioxane, a dangerous byproduct.
This byproduct can be eliminated through controlled purification processes, which is how cosmetic PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate is produced.
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review panel has ruled that PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate is safe as used in rinse-off products and is safe in leave-on products in amounts up to 10%.


Manufacture: PEG glyceryl cocoate is manufactured by the ethoxylation (polymerization of ethylene oxide) of glyceryl cocoate.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a polyethylene glycol ether of glyceryl cocoate.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is the INCI name of an organic fatty acid derivative.


Similarly to other compounds belonging to the wide group of surfactants, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has good emulsifying properties.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, as one of the ingredients, has a number of functions in products such as lubricants, anti-wear additives, cosmetics and pesticide formulations.


This feature makes PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate readily used as one of the components of lubricants and anti-wear substances.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used in many mechanical processes, where good and efficient machinery operation is required, it protects the elements of the device against quick wear.


Compounds such as PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, as ingredients in lubricating formulations, directly increase the efficiency of manufacturing processes.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a complex blend of a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative and coconut + glycerin derived cleanser, meaning it can be described as coconut derived.


The mixture can be an emollient, emulsifier and surfactant.
As an emollient, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it a useful addition to moisturisers, hair conditioners and cleansers.
There have been some concerns about the safety of this ingredient due to the presence of ethylene oxide in it.


Ethylene oxide can react with other chemicals in a process called ethoxylation, which can lead to contamination with 1,4-dioxane, a dangerous byproduct.
This byproduct can be eliminated through controlled purification processes, which is how cosmetic PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is made.
Thanks to its chemical structure, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate dissolves very well in mineral oils and also in vegetable oils.


The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Panel has determined that PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is safe as used in rinse-off products and is safe in leave-on products at levels up to 10%.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is GMO free (does not contain plant-derived components)


Vegan: PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate does not contain animal-derived components
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a hydropilic emollient for mild shampoos, shower and bath preparations and emulsion in cosmetic. PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is soluble in aqueous surfactant solutions.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a refatting agent which could lower irritation for skin and can improve the feeling of dry and tight on skin.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can provide good foam quality and stable in medium pH range.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is non-ionic emulsifier made from glycerine and coconut oil.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is derived from the esterification of the coconut fatty acids with glycerol.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a re-fatting component and hydrophilic oil suitable for all kinds of surfactant preparations, which adds shine and smoothness to the final product.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is insoluble in oils but is soluble in water and alcohol.
These esters are also suitable for gels and cosmetic formulations containing alcohol.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a non-ionic, ethoxlyated polyethylene glycol ester made from glycerin & coconut oil. HLB value 11 (gives oil-in-water emulsions).


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used multifunctional agent with excellent emulsifying, emollient, refatting & thickening properties.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is very useful as surfactant and foam booster.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has good conditioning effect for soft and smooth skin.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is non-ionic, ethoxlyated polyethylene glycol ester made from glycerin & coconut oil.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is clear oily liquid, characteristic odor.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is soluble in water & alcohols, insoluble in oils.


HLB value of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is 11 (gives oil-in-water emulsions).
This synthetic polymer, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, is based on PEG (polyethylene glycol) and fatty acids derived from coconut oil.
Due to the presence of PEG, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate may contain potentially toxic manufacturing impurities such as 1,4-dioxane.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate acts as a lubricant on the skin's surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate also helps to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is an ester derived from coconut.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is yellow liquid that dissolves in both water and oil.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
Therefore, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used primarily in systems including anionic and amphoteric surfactants.
Such systems have the form of a clear liquid.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used primarily as a conditioning agent and emollient in cleansing cosmetics - mainly in shampoos, gels for face and body washing, bath lotions, liquid soaps.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate reduces the drying effect of anionic surfactants, leaving the skin surface moisturized and covered with a protective layer.
For this reason, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is distinguished by its protective and conditioning effect on the skin and hair.
The addition of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate gives cosmetics the ability to re-lubricate the surface of the skin.


This is a very desirable feature, as the washing process removes, among others, fatty substances from the surface of the skin and hair.
Therefore, emollients are used in the cleaning preparations to restore the lipid barrier of the skin.
In formulations with anionic surfactants (e.g. SLS, SLES) and amphoteric (cocobetaine, cocamidopropyl betaine), PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate shows synergy, also improving foaming and thickening properties.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is also characterized by washing and emulsifying properties.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate supports the action of other emulsifiers, which makes it a co-emulsifier supporting the emulsifier responsible for the production of oil-in-water (O / W) emulsions in balms and lotions.


In addition, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is also used in the household and industrial detergents industry, including dishwashing liquids or preparations for car chemistry.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used liquid soaps, body lotions, shower gels, after shave and other alcohol preparations, intimate hygiene lotions and gels, shampoo, face cleansers (face gels and foams, washing oils, tonics, micellar liquids), bath lotions, creams and balms, sunscreens, colouring cosmetics, hair styling preparations, protective lipstick preparations, dishwashing liquids, and car chemicals.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used primarily in products that do not have long-term contact with the skin but are rinsed from the surface after a short time.
Rinsing products generally do not cause side effects other than mild irritation in people prone to allergic reactions.
It is not recommended to apply products containing PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate to damaged skin.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used non-ionic, ethoxlyated polyethylene glycol ester made from glycerin & coconut oil.
HLB value ofPEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is 11 (gives oil-in-water emulsions).
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used multifunctional agent with excellent emulsifying, emollient, refatting & thickening properties.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is very useful as surfactant and foam booster.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has good conditioning effect for soft and smooth skin.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be added to formulas as is.


Typical use level of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is 1 - 10%.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used for external use only.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used universally applicable, especially in liquid soaps, lotions, body washes, shower gels, hair shampoos, facial cleansers, bubble baths, decorative cosmetics.


Occurrence of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate in cosmetics: Face toners, aftershaves and hair tonics, as solvent and solubiliser for active ingredients, perfume oils and colourants, humectants, basis for creams, as consistency enhancer, binding agent, softening agent and fixative.
Usually, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used in hair & skin care formulas for its conditioning properties.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can give brightness, volume, and supple touch to the hair and give the skin a smooth and soft touch.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a relatively lightweight conditioner.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate won't leave a heavy and greasy feel to the hair or skin after use, but a light and fresh feel.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a multi-functional ingredient in hair & skin care products.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate's a nonionic surfactant, having emulsifying and thickening properties, and also features great conditioning properties to the skin and hair.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can also work as a great cosolvent in water-based formulas, which helps significantly improve the solubility and stability of other active ingredients and essences.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a surfactant and emulsifier widely used in the formulations of personal care and cosmetic products.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has a variety of uses in the production of different products.
Make-up Products: PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used as an emulsifier in the formulations of some make-up products (e.g. foundations).
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is also used in processing fluids based on soluble oils, semi-synthetic coolants as well as neat oils.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used conditioner and emollient in washing cosmetics.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate as a surfactant has very good emulsifying properties.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate facilitates the formation and stabilization of emulsions, i.e. a two-phase dispersion system containing two incompatible liquids with different chemical characteristics (polar and non-polar liquids), e.g. water and oil.


This feature is used in liquid pesticide formulations such as EC and EW.
In cosmetic preparations, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has emollient properties.
Products containing PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate are perfect for cosmetics with moisturising properties.


After application onto the skin, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate leaves a protective layer on its surface that prevents moisture loss.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is also included in the composition of flame-retardant HFA hydraulic fluids, used in the mining industry.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used as a rejuvenating agent in shampoo, shower gel and liquid soaps.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate used as glycerol is an ester obtained from ethoxylated.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a clear, light yellow hydrophilic emollient for shampoo, shower gels and bubble bath formulations, and a solubility enhancer for essential oils and fragrances and a co-emulsifier for O/W emulsions, creams and lotions.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a lipid layer enhancer and solubilized.
This ethoxylated glyceride, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, is used in surfactant cleansing preparations, essential oils and active agents.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used in cosmetics containing alcohol.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used universally applicable, especially in liquid soaps, lotions, body washes, shower gels, hair shampoos, facial cleansers, bubble baths, decorative cosmetics.
PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate is a self-emulsifying emollient especially suitable for aqueous formulations.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate used in Transparent Antiperspirant - Roll-On.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be added to formulas as is, usual concentration 1 - 10%.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used for external use only.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used universally applicable, especially in liquid soaps, lotions, body washes, shower gels, hair shampoos, facial cleansers, bubble baths, decorative cosmetics.
In the O / W lotion and cream products also as a basis oil and fragrance solubilizers and co-emulsifiers.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used personal care, Hair Care and cosmetics.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used in concentrations of 1-10% and can be added as is.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used as an emollient and lubricant in our deodorant and it helps liquid soaps (from surfactants) to be thicker.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is also used in facial cleansing soaps, shower gels, creams and hair masks, shower gels and shampoos.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used in the formulation of hair dyes and colors, shampoos, cleaning products, and skin care and bath products.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used in hair dyes and colors, shampoos, cleaning products, and skin care and bath products.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a kind of hydrophilic grease prepared by the reaction of natural oil and ethylene oxide.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used as supplement oil in surfactant system.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has little effect on foam and can replace water-soluble lanolin to be dissolved in transparent product.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can maintain the oil balance of skin and hair, reduce dryness, and increase the lubricating feeling of skin and hair.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is suitable for various washing and water products, especially for making triple and multiple emulsions.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is widely used in personal cleaning products such as shampoo and body wash.


Glyceryl Cocoate is used suitable for all kinds of washing, transparent gels, and various water products, such as shampoo, shower gel, conditioner, hand sanitizer, etc.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used conditioning, Cleansing, shampoos, Styling, Hand / foot / nail care, Facial care, Body care, Hand wash / sanitizers, Bath and shower, scrubs, Cleansers, soaps


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate also acts as a superfatting agent for skin and hair, and a foam enhancer, improving the skin feel property of the formula.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used as a lipid layer enhancer in surfactant cleansing preparations and as a solubility promoter for essential oils and active agents in the formula.


In addition, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is chemically stable within the pH range of most cosmetic formulations.
The superfatting, solubilizing, and surface-active properties of these hydrophilic fatty esters and their dual solubility in water and aqueous alcohol constitute the perfect mix of functionality for formulating the new bath products that are gaining in popularity.


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate exhibits a dry, light emollience and imparts a lubricious, conditioned feel that is ideally suited to today's body shampoos, bath gels, foam baths, and facial cleansers.


-Applications in cosmetic products: Effect of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate in cosmetic formulations:
*good cleansing properties, used in scalp and hair cleansing products such as shampoos or bubble baths;

*If added to detergents, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate increases the quality of the foam.
Foam formation directly determines the mechanism that removes dirt and impurities from the surface;

*PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a co-emulsifier for many substances that do not dissolve well in water, such as menthol, salicylic acid or essential oils.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate helps create an emulsion and keep it stable.
Without emulsifiers, the formula would layer and oil droplets would float on water;

*PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used as a softener in hair care products.
Products containing PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate significantly improve the condition of dry skin;

*When applied to the skin with creams, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate creates a semi-permeable film on its surface, protecting the skin against external factors and trapping moisture.
Emollients like PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate are especially helpful for people with dry, rough skin and/or flaky skin.
Applying emollients helps relieve these symptoms;

*In cosmetics, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate also acts as an emulsifier as it stabilizes the product and helps emulsify oil and water-based ingredients, making the mixture cohesive and homogeneous;

*As a surfactant, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate helps remove dirt accumulated in oil on the skin and increases the mixing of easily rinsed dirt with water.
Thus, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate leaves the skin refreshed and rejuvenated;

*their functions include relubrication.
The washing process removes oil/fatty substances, so we use lubricants that restore the lipid barrier.


-Cleansers and Lotions uses of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used in the formulations of personal care products such as skin cleansers, body washes, shampoos, and lotions.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate helps spread products on the skin and effectively remove dirt, oil, and makeup.


-Make-up Remover Products uses of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used in make-up remover wipes, liquid make-up removers and other make-up removers.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate helps remove makeup easily.


-Hair Care Products uses of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be used in hair care products to cleanse and condition the hair.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can be found in products such as shampoos, conditioners and hair masks.



WHAT IS PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE USED FOR?
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a multi-functional ingredient that can be found in a range of products such as cleansers, hair conditioners, and shampoos.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has benefits for both skin and hair.

*Hair care:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate effortlessly combines oil and water together - thus proving beneficial in cleaning the dirt and oil out of the hair.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate treats rough and dry hair to leave them feeling healthy

*Skin care:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate helps in restoring the skin’s natural barrier and locks in moisture to give smoothness and flawlessness.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is lightweight and non-greasy, so it does not weigh the skin down

*Cosmetic products:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate improves the look and feel of cosmetic products by adding desired thickness and texture to them.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate mixes oil and water components together and thus stabilizes the formulations



ORIGIN OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a synthetic polymer that is made by the reaction of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the fatty acids derived from coconut or palm kernel oil.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a mild compound that helps to combine oil-based and water-based ingredients together.



WHAT DOES PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Emollient
*Emulsifying
*Surfactant



SAFETY PROFILE OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is safe for use in rinse-off products such as cleansers and shampoos.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate can also be used in leave-on products up to a concentration of 10%.
However, there are still some concerns regarding this ingredient because of the presence of ethylene oxide.

The process of ethoxylation has the risk of contamination with 1,4-dioxane which is a potential carcinogen.
But its presence can be avoided through purification steps taken before adding PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate to the formulations.
Additionally, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is non-comedogenic and does not clog pores or cause acne.



ALTERNATIVES OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
*GLYCERYL OLEATE,
*GLYCERIN



ADVANTAGES OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
Key advantages of PEG-7 Cocoate:
*excellent emulsifying properties,
*low foaming,
*biodegradability in the natural environment,
*resistance to acid environment and resistance to alkaline environment (moderate),
*solubility in most non-polar solvents,
*emollient properties in cosmetics,
*perfect as a component of lubricating and anti-wear oils,



NAME / DESCRIPTION OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
Coconut Oil Fatty Acids, Glycerol Ester, ethoxylated (on average 7 units of -CH2-CH2-O-)



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS:
*SURFACTANT - CLEANSING:
Surface-active agent to clean skin, hair and / or teeth

*SURFACTANT - EMULSIFYING:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate allows the formation of finely dispersed mixtures of oil and water (emulsions)



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
*Surfactant
*Emollient
*Solubilizer
*Detergent
*Emulsifier



STORAGE OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
Store PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate in a cool, dry place, anti-freeze and sun protection.
One year shelf life (0~35ºC)



GENERAL FEATURES OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is the INCI name for compounds that are derivatives of glycerides and coconut oil.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate CAS number is 68201-46-7 .
The traditional name of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate used in the literature is coconut oil monoglyceride, polyoxyethylated with 7 moles of ethylene oxide.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is obtained from polyethylene glycol, glycerol and fatty acid from coconut oil.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has hydrophilic properties.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a non-ionic surfactant (emulsifies) with poor water solubility.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate comes as an oily liquid at room temperature.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is very soluble in non-polar solvents such as ethanol, isopropanol or acetone.
Marketed products such as PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, which are included in the product range offered by the PCC Group, contain a minimum of 99% active ingredient and up to 1% water.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has a characteristic odor and color ranging from straw yellow to light yellow.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate molar mass approx. 600 g/mol.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate shows very good stability in the pH range of 5 to 8.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate largely acts as an emulsifier for oil-in-water emulsions.



PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE AT A GLANCE:
*Emollient, surfactant, and emulsifier that’s partially derived from coconut
*Often used in moisturizers, hair conditioners, and cleansers
*Purification process helps control any potentially dangerous byproducts
*Deemed safe as used in cosmetics



BENEFITS OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
- Multifunctional agent with excellent emulsifying, emollient, refatting & thickening properties
- Very useful as surfactant and foam booster
- Has good conditioning effect for soft and smooth skin



MANUFACTURE OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is manufactured by the ethoxylation (polymerization of ethylene oxide) of glyceryl cocoate.



ADVANTAGES OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
*universal, effective emollient and conditioning agent in washable cosmetics,
*smoothes the skin and hair,
*very good emulsifying and washing properties,
*compatibility and synergism of action with anionic and amphoteric surfactants,
*foam stabilizer,
*acts as co-emulsifier,
*stabilizes oil-in-water (O / W) emulsions,
*biodegradable and well tolerated by the skin and mucous membranes,
*based on renewable vegetable raw materials.



BENEFITSS OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
*Skin conditioner and is an excellent emulsifier.
*PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate also helps to thicken and assists in foaming applications.
*PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is surfactant ability is also good.
*Moisturizing,
*hydrating,
*Improve skin barrier function



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
*Skin-Conditioning Agent
*Emollient; Surfactant
*Emulsifying Agent



THE SCIENCE OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a clear, light, water-loving oil that comes from coconut/palm kernel oil and glycerin.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate's a mild cleansing agent popular in sensitive skin formulas.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate's also a solubilizer that helps to dissolve oils and oil-soluble ingredients (e.g.essential oils or salicylic acid) in water-based formulas.



BENEFITS OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE FOR YOUR HAIR:
*PROMOTES SCALP HEALTH
As a cleansing agent, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate helps to improve scalp health by keeping the scalp and hair follicles clean.

*IMPROVES TEXTURE
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used as an emulsifying agent, helps to thicken and stabilize products, making the application process smoother and easier.

*TLDR
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate helps in cleansing and improving scalp health.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate also helps improve texture of the product for a smoother application process.



FUNCTION OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
PEG 7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a water soluble polyol fatty acid ester.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a non-ionic surface active agent and acts as an emulsifying agent.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has emollient and conditioning effects on skin.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate also has super-fatting properties.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is an emollient, nonionic surfactant, and solubilizer for oils and lipophilic (oil-soluble) ingredients in water-based mild cleansing formulations such as makeup removers, cleansers, and shampoos, derived from natural raw material (coconut oil).
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is essentially colorless hydrophilic oil with a barely perceptible odor of coconut oil.



PROPERTIES OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
- Hydrophilic emollient
- Can produce triple and multiple emulsions
- Can replace water-soluble lanolin



STORAGE AND STANBILITY OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate may be stored for 24 months from the date of manufacture in the unopened original container and at room temperature.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate should be protected from light, heat, oxygen and moisture.
Keep PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate container tightly closed.
Once PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate opened, use contents quickly.



GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is the INCI name (INCI: International Cosmetic Ingredient Nomenclature) of a non-ionic surfactant belonging to the group of polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a derivative of coconut oil fatty acids.
The CAS number, which allows to uniquely identify or search for a specific compound, is 61791-29-5 for PEG-7 Cocoate.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, in its pure form, is a clear or slightly cloudy liquid.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate has a tendency to gelate.
The colour of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate varies from straw yellow to light brown.
The odour of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is described as characteristic.

The commercial product, e.g. available in the PCC Group under the name PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, contains at least 99% of the active substance.
The minimum content of impurities (mainly water) in such a product does not exceed 1%.
The saponification number, or the amount of potassium hydroxide (KOH) necessary to neutralize acids contained in PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, is in the range of 104 to 112 mg KOH per 1 g of product.

A 1% aqueous solution of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is neutral (pH 6.0 to 8.0).
A surfactant such as PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is poorly soluble in water.
After the introduction into water, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate forms an emulsion with water particles.

This is due to the presence of a long, hydrophobic fatty acid chain.
Substances of a non-polar nature are good solvents for these compounds, according to the generally accepted rule of thumb that “like dissolves like”.
Methanol or ethanol are examples of non-polar solvents suitable for dissolving PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate.



FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
*Excellent compatibility with other active ingredients, resulting in great formulation flexibility.
*Outstanding lubricating performance in skin care formulas containing alcohol, helping to reduce skin stress.
*Can improve significantly the volume of addition of active ingredients and essences in shampoo and bubble baths.
*Gives brightness, volume and supple touch to the hair; Gives the skin a smooth and soft touch.



STABILITY/SHELF LIFE OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is stable at a wide pH range, except in strong acid and alkali.
Pack PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate in tight-closed containers(drums or tanks);
Store PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate in a dry, ventilated and cool place;
Kept PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate away from direct sun and water.
Under proper storage conditions, the shelf life of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is 12 months.



RECOMMENDED DOSAGE OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
The recommended dosage of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate in hair and skin care products is 1.0%-5.0%.



OTHER PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
density – approx. 1.01 g/ml (@ 50ᵒC),
solidification point – approx. 0ᵒC,
boiling point – above 200ᵒC (with decomposition),
flash point – approx. 200ᵒC.



SCIENTIFIC FACTS OF PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
PEG Glyceryl Cocoate ingredients are produced from coconut oil-derived fatty acids.
The different chain length PEGs are formed using ethylene oxide and water, with the average number of moles of ethylene oxide used corresponding to the number in the name.



WHAT IS PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE?
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, PEG-30 Glyceryl Cocoate, PEG-40 Glyceryl Cocoate, PEG-78 Glyceryl Cocoate and PEG-80 Glyceryl Cocoate are polyethylene glycol ethers of Glyceryl Cocoate.
In cosmetics and personal care products, PEG Glyceryl Cocoate ingredients are used in the formulation of hair dyes and colors, shampoos, cleaning products, and skin care and bath products.



WHY IS PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE USED?
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate acts as a lubricant on the skin’s surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate also helps to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified.
PEG-30, -40, -78 and -80 Glyceryl Cocoate clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that these substances can be rinsed away.
They also help other ingredients to dissolve in a solvent in which they would not normally dissolve.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
pH: 5.0-8.0
Solubility: Soluble in water
Viscosity: Low
Appearance, Physical State: Liquid
Odor: Mild
Taste: Not available
Color: Pale yellow
Molecular Weight: Not available
pH (3% sol. in water) 6.0-7.5
Boiling Point: Not available
Melting Point: 25°C

Vapor Pressure: Not available
Vapor Density: Not available
Evaporation Rate: Not available
Flammability: Not available
Upper/lower Explosive Limit: Not available
Solubility: Soluble in water
Flash Point: Not available
Specific Gravity: 1.064
CAS: 68201-46-7
INCI: PEG-7 glyceryl monococoate
Composition: PEG-7 glyceryl monococoate
Appearance: Clear oily liquid, characteristic odour
Solubility: Soluble in water & alcohols, insoluble in oils
Preservation: Preservative-free

Storage: Store in a closed container at a dry place at room temperature
CBNumber: CB6962878
Molecular Formula: unspecified
Molecular Weight: 0
Odor at 100.00?%.: bland
EWG's Food Scores: 1-4
FDA UNII: PEG-40 GLYCERYL COCOATE (329A25NUFR)
GLYCERETH-20 COCOATE (38RO881Z06)
GLYCERETH-17 COCOATE (3057VPT0KC)
PEG-80 GLYCERYL COCOATE (A7D04GUR0Z)
GLYCERETH-6 COCOATE (6863Y1YTGT)
EPA Substance Registry System: Ethoxylated coco mono- and diglycerides (68201-46-7)
Cosmetics Info: PEG-40 Glyceryl Cocoate



FIRST AID MEASURES of PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
*Eyes:
Immediate medical attention is required.
Rinse immediately with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15 minutes.
*Inhalation:
Move to fresh air.
Immediate medical attention is required.
*Skin:
Wash off immediately with soap and plenty of water while removing all contaminated clothing and shoes.
Obtain medical attention.
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
*Ingestion:
Drink plenty of water.
If possible, drink milk afterwards.
Call a physician immediately



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
-Personal precautions, protective,equipment and emergency procedures:
(Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up)
Keep unnecessary personnel away.
Ventilate closed spaces before entering them.
Absorb with inert absorbent such as dry clay, sand or diatomaceous earth, commercial sorbents, or recover using pumps.
Dike the spilled material, where this is possible.
Prevent product from entering drains.
*Large Spills:
Dike the spilled material, where this is possible.
Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading.
Absorb in vermiculite, dry sand or earth and place into containers.
*Small Spills:
Wipe up with absorbent material (e.g. cloth, fleece).
-Environmental precautions:
Retain and dispose of contaminated wash water.
Contact local authorities in case of spillage to drain/aquatic environment.
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
-Suitable extinguishing media:
Water spray, fog, CO2, dry chemical, or alcohol resistant foam.
-Fire fighting instructions:
Specific methods:
Use water spray to cool unopened containers.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
-Biological limit values:
No biological exposure limits noted for the ingredient(s).
-Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Wear safety glasses with side shields (or goggles).
*Skin protection:
**Hand protection:
Chemical resistant gloves.
**Other:
Wear suitable protective clothing.
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
*Thermal hazards:
Wear appropriate thermal protective clothing, when necessary.
*General hygiene considerations:
Always observe good personal hygiene measures, such as washing after handling the material and before eating, drinking, and/or smoking.
Routinely wash work clothing and protective equipment to remove contaminants.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
Do not handle or store near an open flame, heat or other sources of ignition.
Take precautionary measures against static discharges.
All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.
Wash thoroughly after handling.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container closed.
Handle containers with care.
Open slowly in order to control possible pressure release.
Store in a cool, well-ventilated area.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE:
-Reactivity:
Stable under normal conditions
-Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal conditions
-Hazardous Polymerization:
Will not occur
-Conditions to Avoid:
No additional precautions
-Special Remarks:
None


PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE
PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate;PEG (7) glyceryl monococoate; POE (7) glyceryl monococoate; Polyoxyethylene (7) glyceryl monococoate; Diglycerides, Coco, Coco Monoglyceridesand, Ethoxylated; PEG7 Coconut oleate;PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE;PEG-30 GLYCERYL COCOATE;PEG-40 GLYCERYL COCOATE;PEG-78 GLYCERYL COCOATE;PEG-80 GLYCERYL COCOATE;Glycerides, coco mono- and di-, ethoxylated;Polyoxyethylene (80) glyceryl monococoate CAS NO:68201-46-7
PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE (SURFACTANT)

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is a chemical compound commonly used in cosmetic and personal care products as a surfactant and emollient.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is a versatile cosmetic ingredient known for its surfactant and emollient properties.
Derived from glycerin and coconut oil, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) combines the benefits of these natural sources in cosmetic formulations.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is a polyethylene glycol ester, with the PEG component contributing to its emulsifying capabilities.
As a surfactant, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) aids in the even distribution of ingredients in cosmetic products.

CAS Number: 66105-29-1, 68201-46-7



APPLICATIONS


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) finds widespread use in cosmetic formulations as a surfactant and emollient.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is a key ingredient in facial cleansers, where it contributes to gentle and effective cleansing without stripping the skin of its natural moisture.
The emollient properties of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) make it a common choice in moisturizing lotions and creams.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is utilized in shampoo formulations to enhance the cleansing and conditioning effects on the hair.

In body washes and shower gels, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) helps create a rich lather and improves the overall feel on the skin.
Its compatibility with various skin types makes it suitable for use in sensitive skin formulations.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is employed in baby care products, providing a mild and gentle cleansing experience.
In makeup removers, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) aids in effectively removing makeup while leaving the skin feeling soft and nourished.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in hair conditioners to improve manageability and impart a silky texture to the hair.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) contributes to the overall sensory appeal of cosmetic products, providing a luxurious and pleasant feel.
It is often included in formulations for intimate hygiene products due to its mild and non-irritating nature.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is utilized in bath products, contributing to a creamy and indulgent bathing experience.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant)'s water-soluble nature makes it suitable for a variety of aqueous formulations, such as micellar water.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in pre-shave and after-shave products to provide a smooth glide during shaving and soothe the skin afterward.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is incorporated into sunscreens to enhance the spreadability and skin-feel of the product.
In hand soaps and sanitizers, it helps maintain the balance between effective cleansing and skin hydration.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is added to anti-aging creams to contribute to a rich and nourishing texture.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is found in facial masks, where it aids in the even application and removal of the product.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in exfoliating scrubs to improve the texture and spreadability of the product.
The mildness of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) makes it suitable for inclusion in pet shampoos and grooming products.
In styling products such as hair mousses and gels, it contributes to the ease of application and washability.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is employed in hand creams and lotions to enhance the moisturizing effects on the skin.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in intimate lubricants, providing a smooth and non-irritating application.
In formulations for shaving creams and foams, it assists in creating a rich lather for a comfortable shave.
Its versatility extends to various leave-on and rinse-off formulations, making PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) a versatile ingredient in the cosmetic industry.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is a common ingredient in gentle cleansing wipes, providing effective makeup removal and skin conditioning.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is utilized in bath oils and bath bombs to enhance the emollient properties, leaving the skin feeling soft and moisturized.

In natural and organic skincare formulations, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is often chosen for its biodegradability and mildness.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is added to foaming facial cleansers, contributing to a creamy lather that effectively lifts away impurities.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is employed in hand sanitizing gels to balance cleansing with skin-friendly moisturization.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) plays a role in the formulation of soothing and hydrating after-sun products to alleviate sun-exposed skin.

The emollient nature of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) makes it suitable for use in cuticle creams and nail care products.
In cosmetic formulations for mature skin, it contributes to a luxurious texture in anti-aging creams and serums.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is utilized in natural deodorant formulations to provide a smooth application and skin comfort.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is incorporated into micellar cleansing waters, offering a gentle yet effective solution for makeup removal.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is found in hand and body lotions for its ability to improve the spreadability of the product.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) contributes to the silkiness of hair serums and leave-in conditioners, aiding in detangling.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is included in formulations for intimate washes, providing a mild and non-irritating cleansing experience.
In men's grooming products, such as beard oils and shaving creams, it enhances the overall product performance.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in foot creams to soften rough skin and improve the application experience.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is added to massage oils and creams for its skin-friendly properties, allowing for a smooth and comfortable massage.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is employed in natural and organic shampoo formulations to enhance the conditioning effects on the hair.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is utilized in gentle exfoliating cleansers to improve the texture and ease of application.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) contributes to the stability of emulsions in self-tanning lotions, ensuring even and streak-free application.
In formulations for cosmetic wipes, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) aids in delivering a refreshing and non-drying cleansing experience.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in natural baby care products, such as diaper creams and lotions, due to its mildness.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is found in travel-sized skincare products for its versatility and ease of use on the go.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is added to formulations for cosmetic primers, contributing to a smooth and even application of makeup.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in hand exfoliating scrubs to enhance the scrubbing action while leaving the skin moisturized.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is employed in bath foams and shower mousses for its ability to create a luxurious lather and improve the overall bathing experience.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is utilized in gentle foaming facial masks, enhancing the spreadability and ease of removal.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is a common ingredient in natural and organic sunscreens, contributing to the product's texture and skin-feel.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is found in formulations for exfoliating body scrubs, providing a mild yet effective exfoliation.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in facial toners to help balance the skin's pH and leave a refreshed feeling.
In hand cleansing gels and foams, it contributes to the overall sensory experience, combining cleansing with skin comfort.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is incorporated into hair detangling sprays for its conditioning properties, making combing and styling easier.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is utilized in post-shave balms to soothe and moisturize the skin after shaving.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is added to makeup setting sprays to improve the even distribution and longevity of makeup.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in formulations for intimate wipes, providing a mild and refreshing cleansing experience.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) contributes to the creamy texture of hand and body washes, enhancing the cleansing ritual.
In natural and organic deodorant formulations, it helps maintain a smooth and comfortable application.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is found in dry shampoo formulations, aiding in the absorption of excess oil while conditioning the hair.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in overnight facial masks, providing a nourishing and hydrating treatment.
In formulations for bath salts and bath oils, it enhances the dispersibility of the product in bathwater.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is included in multi-use beauty balms for its emollient properties, suitable for various skin applications.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in body powders to improve the adhesion of the powder and provide a silky feel.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) contributes to the overall stability of emulsions in hand creams and lotions.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is added to natural cleansing oils for its ability to emulsify and remove makeup and impurities.
In formulations for facial mists, it aids in even product distribution and provides a light, refreshing feel.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is found in nail polish removers to enhance the removal of nail polish while conditioning the nails.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is utilized in anti-itch creams for its soothing properties on irritated skin.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is added to bath bombs and fizzing bath tablets to enhance the moisturizing effects during bathing.
In formulations for foot scrubs and creams, it aids in exfoliation and provides a softening effect.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in hair styling creams to improve manageability and add a natural shine.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) contributes to the luxurious feel of spa-quality body wraps and treatments, enhancing the overall pampering experience.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is incorporated into foaming hand soaps, providing a balance of cleansing and skin conditioning.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in hydrating facial mists, delivering a fine and even spray for a refreshing boost throughout the day.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is found in facial serums, contributing to the smooth application and absorption of active ingredients.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is utilized in natural toothpaste formulations for its mild foaming and emulsifying properties.

In formulations for bath oils, it enhances the dispersion of essential oils while moisturizing the skin.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is included in natural insect repellent formulations, providing a skin-friendly and spreadable product.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) contributes to the creamy consistency of cosmetic foundations, aiding in smooth application.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in hand exfoliating masks, combining the benefits of cleansing and gentle exfoliation.
In formulations for cuticle conditioners, it softens and moisturizes the cuticles for healthy-looking nails.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is employed in waterless hand sanitizing creams, offering both cleansing and moisturizing benefits.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is found in natural massage oils, providing a smooth glide during massage while nourishing the skin.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) contributes to the spreadability of natural self-tanning lotions for an even tan.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is added to eye makeup removers for its gentle cleansing properties around the delicate eye area.
In formulations for spa-quality facial masks, it aids in even application and easy removal.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in facial primers, creating a smooth base for makeup application and longevity.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is incorporated into intimate moisturizers, providing a non-irritating and hydrating experience.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is found in formulations for natural baby wipes, ensuring a gentle and effective cleansing solution.

In hair styling mousses, it contributes to the light and airy texture while providing conditioning benefits.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is utilized in natural pet shampoos, offering a mild and skin-friendly cleansing experience.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is added to natural sheet masks for its ability to enhance serum absorption and skin hydration.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in formulations for natural cleansing balms, providing an effective makeup removal solution.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) contributes to the skin-feel of natural deodorant sticks, offering a smooth application.
In formulations for hand sanitizing wipes, it combines cleansing with a non-drying effect on the skin.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is found in natural body butter formulations, providing a rich and nourishing texture.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is employed in bath and shower oils, leaving the skin feeling soft and hydrated after bathing.



DESCRIPTION


PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is a chemical compound commonly used in cosmetic and personal care products as a surfactant and emollient.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is a versatile cosmetic ingredient known for its surfactant and emollient properties.
Derived from glycerin and coconut oil, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) combines the benefits of these natural sources in cosmetic formulations.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is a polyethylene glycol ester, with the PEG component contributing to its emulsifying capabilities.
As a surfactant, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) aids in the even distribution of ingredients in cosmetic products.
Its emollient nature imparts a smooth and soft feel to the skin upon application.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is commonly used in skincare and hair care products for its gentle cleansing and conditioning effects.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) helps stabilize formulations, enhancing the overall texture of creams, lotions, and cleansers.
Being derived from coconut oil, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) brings a hint of a natural, light coconut aroma to products.

The polyethylene glycol component contributes to its water-soluble nature, making it effective in various aqueous formulations.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is often chosen for its mildness, making it suitable for sensitive skin.
Its ability to reduce surface tension aids in the formation of stable emulsions in cosmetic preparations.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is frequently found in facial cleansers, where it helps to remove impurities without stripping the skin of its natural oils.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) can enhance the foaming properties of products like shampoos and body washes.

Due to its biodegradable nature, it is considered environmentally friendly in rinse-off formulations.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) plays a role in improving the spreadability of cosmetic products, ensuring smooth application.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is known for its compatibility with other ingredients, making it a popular choice in complex formulations.

Its mild cleansing properties make it suitable for use in baby care products.
In hair care, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) helps condition the hair and provides a silky feel without causing buildup.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) contributes to the overall sensory experience of cosmetic products, imparting a luxurious texture.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is non-comedogenic, making it suitable for use in facial cleansers and moisturizers.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is often chosen for its ability to create stable oil-in-water emulsions in cosmetic formulations.

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is used in various leave-on and rinse-off formulations, contributing to product efficacy.
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products when used in accordance with regulations.
Its versatility makes it a valuable component in a wide range of cosmetic and toiletry formulations.
Known for its balance between cleansing effectiveness and skin conditioning, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) is a popular choice in skincare and haircare formulations.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled and respiratory irritation occurs, move the affected person to fresh air.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek medical attention.
Provide artificial respiration if the person is not breathing, and seek prompt medical attention.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with mild soap and water.
If irritation or redness persists, seek medical advice.
Wash contaminated clothing thoroughly before reuse.


Eye Contact:

In case of eye contact, immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation, redness, or other symptoms persist.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.


Ingestion:

If swallowed and the person is conscious, rinse the mouth with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide medical personnel with information about the substance ingested.


General Advice:

Keep the affected person calm.
Do not leave the person unattended.
If first aid measures are administered, make sure to inform medical personnel about the substance involved.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including gloves, protective clothing, and safety goggles or a face shield.
Use respiratory protection if airborne exposure is possible and is above recommended exposure limits.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands thoroughly after handling PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant).
Avoid touching your face, eyes, and mouth with hands that may be contaminated.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.
Avoid creating dust during handling; use handling methods that minimize dust generation.

Preventive Measures:
Implement good industrial hygiene practices.
Use engineering controls such as dust extraction systems to minimize airborne particles.

Storage:
Store PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and incompatible materials.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and moisture absorption.

Incompatible Materials:
Avoid contact with strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents.
Store away from substances with reactive properties that may compromise the stability of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant).

Handling Equipment:
Use appropriate handling equipment, such as scoops or shovels, to minimize dust generation.
Ensure that equipment used for handling is clean and free from contaminants.


Storage Conditions:

Temperature and Humidity:
Store PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) within the recommended temperature and humidity ranges specified by the manufacturer.

Container Compatibility:
Use containers made of materials compatible with PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) to prevent contamination.

Segregation:
Segregate PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) from incompatible materials to prevent cross-contamination.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers with the identity of the substance, handling precautions, and any other relevant information.

Shelf Life:
Adhere to the recommended shelf life of the product, and use older stock first to ensure product quality.

Inspection:
Regularly inspect storage conditions and containers for signs of damage or deterioration.
Replace damaged or compromised packaging promptly.

Emergency Measures:
Have appropriate emergency measures in place, including spill response procedures and materials, as well as emergency contact information.

Training:
Ensure that personnel handling PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate (surfactant) are adequately trained in safe handling practices.



SYNONYMS


Cellulose Gel
Cellulose, Microcrystalline
E460 (food additive code)
MCC
Wood Pulp
Avicel
Emcocel
Vivapur
Ceolus
MCCP (Microcrystalline Cellulose Powder)
Cellulose Microcrystalline Powder
MCC-Si (Microcrystalline Cellulose Silicon)
Cellulose Floc
MCC 102
E460i (food additive code)
Aquacel
Norkotuff
Cellets
Cellulose Micro Crystal
Celatom
Primellose
Vivacel
Microceol
Tabulose
Emcocel 50
Cellulose Microcrystals
MCC (Microcrystalline Cellulose)
MCC-S (Microcrystalline Cellulose-Silicified)
E466 (food additive code)
Cellulose Gel Powder
Cellulose Micro Particles
Wood Pulp Extract
Avicel PH (various grades)
Celish
Nufloc
Carmellose
Methocel
Flocoat
Tabulose SC
Aquacoat
Microcellulose
Microcrystalline Fiber
MCC 101
Cellulose Gel Beads
Powdered Cellulose
Cellulose Micro Powder
Celutab
Solutab
Vivastar
Celosorb
PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE COSMETIC GRADE

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is a cosmetic-grade ingredient used in the formulation of personal care and cosmetic products.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative of glyceryl cocoate.

CAS Number: 68553-03-7
EC Number: 613-896-9

PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (7) GLYCERYL MONOCOCOATE, POLYOXYETHYLENE (7) GLYCERYL MONOCOCOATE, Glycerides, coco mono-, ethoxylated Cetiol HE 810 Glycerides, coco mono-, ethoxylated (EO 5-30 mol) Polyoxyethylene 7 Coconut Glycerides Cetiol HE, Glycerides, coco mono- and di-, ethoxylated, Glycerides, coco mono- and di-, ethoxylated, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate, conditioner and emollient in washing cosmetics.



APPLICATIONS


Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is widely used in the formulation of gentle facial cleansers, providing effective yet mild cleansing for sensitive skin.
In body washes and shower gels, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade acts as a surfactant, creating a luxurious lather while maintaining skin softness.
Due to its emollient properties, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is incorporated into moisturizing creams, offering hydration and a smooth skin feel.

In shampoo formulations, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade functions as a mild cleansing agent, helping to remove dirt and oils while enhancing hair texture.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is a common addition to baby shampoos and bath products, ensuring a gentle and tear-free experience for infants.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to the formulation of transparent or lightly colored bath foams, providing a visually appealing product.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is utilized in facial cleansing wipes, offering convenience and effective makeup removal while maintaining skin integrity.
In hand soaps and sanitizers, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade aids in creating a cleansing formula that is both effective and gentle on the skin.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is found in makeup removers, facilitating the easy and gentle removal of makeup without excessive rubbing.
The emulsifying properties make it suitable for inclusion in cream-based foundations, ensuring a smooth and even application.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is a key ingredient in intimate washes, providing a mild cleansing solution for delicate areas while respecting the skin's natural balance.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade enhances the texture of shaving creams and foams, providing a smooth glide and minimizing skin irritation.
In sunscreens and sun care products, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to the even spread of the product, improving application and coverage.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is often included in exfoliating scrubs, aiding in the removal of dead skin cells while maintaining skin moisture.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade finds application in leave-on hair conditioners, offering detangling properties and enhancing hair softness.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in styling gels and mousses, providing a balance between hold and flexibility for various hair styling needs.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is incorporated into anti-aging serums, contributing to the overall texture and feel of the product.

In micellar water formulations, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade serves as a key component in the gentle yet effective removal of impurities from the skin.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is utilized in post-sun exposure products, offering a soothing and hydrating solution for sun-damaged skin.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is found in bath bombs and bath oils, enhancing the overall bathing experience with its emollient properties.

In hand creams and lotions, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to the formulation of products that provide hydration without a greasy after-feel.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in pre-shave oils, helping to soften the beard and prepare the skin for a smoother shaving experience.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is added to mild facial toners, ensuring a gentle toning effect without compromising skin comfort.

In hair styling sprays, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade aids in the even distribution of the product and provides a flexible hold for styled hair.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in a wide range of cosmetic formulations, showcasing its adaptability in meeting diverse consumer needs.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is a key ingredient in gentle makeup setting sprays, contributing to a long-lasting and comfortable makeup finish.
In foaming facial masks, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade enhances the texture and ensures easy application, providing a pampering experience during skincare routines.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in mild exfoliating cleansers, promoting the removal of impurities while maintaining skin hydration.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade finds application in hand sanitizing gels, offering a cleansing solution with added skin-friendly properties.

In fragrance-free formulations, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade acts as a base ingredient, providing a neutral and non-irritating foundation for various cosmetic products.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to the formulation of body scrubs, providing a balance between exfoliation and moisturization for smooth skin.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is utilized in bath oils, enhancing the bathwater with its emollient properties for a nourishing soak.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in hypoallergenic cleansers, catering to individuals with sensitive skin and specific skincare needs.
In soothing after-shave lotions, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade helps calm and moisturize the skin, reducing potential irritation caused by shaving.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in micellar shampoos, offering a gentle and effective cleansing solution for both hair and scalp.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is incorporated into facial serums, contributing to the overall sensorial experience and absorption of active skincare ingredients.
In mild liquid hand soaps, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade ensures a pleasant texture and effective cleansing without stripping the skin of its natural oils.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in travel-sized toiletries, providing convenience and a consistent skincare experience on the go.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is found in hydrating facial mists, offering a quick and refreshing burst of moisture throughout the day.
In skincare creams for sensitive areas, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade supports gentle and nourishing care for delicate skin, such as around the eyes.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in hypoallergenic baby wipes, ensuring a mild and safe solution for infant skincare.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to the formulation of sulfate-free shampoos, providing a cleansing option for those with sensitivities to traditional surfactants.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in water-based personal lubricants, offering a smooth and non-irritating solution for intimate care.
In anti-dandruff shampoos, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade helps balance the formulation, ensuring effective cleansing without compromising scalp health.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is incorporated into gentle foaming cleansers for acne-prone skin, providing effective cleansing without exacerbating breakouts.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in cuticle softening creams, contributing to the overall effectiveness of nail and cuticle care products.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in mild makeup brush cleaners, ensuring thorough cleansing without damaging the brush fibers.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in multi-functional BB creams, providing a smooth base while offering skincare benefits.

In facial massage oils, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade aids in the glide and spreadability of the product, promoting a relaxing and luxurious experience.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is part of the formulation of non-comedogenic sunscreens, offering broad-spectrum protection without clogging pores.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is employed in sulfate-free hand wash formulations, ensuring a mild and nourishing option for frequent use.
In hydrating sheet masks, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade enhances the serum's delivery to the skin, promoting moisturization and a revitalized complexion.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in color-preserving shampoos, contributing to a gentle cleansing experience for color-treated hair.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in natural-inspired body lotions, providing a silky texture and long-lasting hydration.
In pre-soaked facial cleansing wipes, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade facilitates convenient makeup removal and on-the-go cleansing without irritation.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to the formulation of gentle eye makeup removers, effectively dissolving waterproof mascara while soothing the delicate eye area.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in clarifying facial tonics, providing a balancing effect without over-drying the skin.
In cream-to-foam facial cleansers, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade transforms from a creamy texture to a foamy lather, offering a dual cleansing experience.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in fragrance-free deodorant formulations, providing a skin-friendly option for those with sensitivities.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in water-based hair styling gels, offering a non-sticky hold and easy washability without residue.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to the formulation of calming body balms, providing relief to sensitive and irritated skin.

In daily facial moisturizers, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade supports the even distribution of the product, ensuring a lightweight and comfortable feel.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is employed in sulfate-free body washes, offering a gentle cleansing option for those with skin sensitivities.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is part of the formulation of natural lip balms, providing a smooth and moisturizing solution for dry lips.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is found in cooling after-sun gels, offering relief to sun-exposed skin and helping to prevent peeling.

In water-based foundation formulations, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to a lightweight texture and even coverage for a natural finish.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in exfoliating foot scrubs, promoting the removal of dead skin cells and softening rough areas.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in detangling hair conditioners, facilitating combing and managing unruly hair with ease.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is employed in refreshing facial cleansing foams, providing a burst of freshness during the cleansing routine.
In sulfate-free body scrubs, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade aids in achieving a balanced exfoliation, leaving the skin smooth and hydrated.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in water-based mascara formulations, ensuring easy application and a clump-free finish.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to the formulation of sulfate-free bubble baths, providing a luxurious and gentle bathing experience.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is found in clarifying scalp scrubs, promoting a healthy scalp environment and improved hair texture.
In alcohol-free facial toners, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade offers a soothing and hydrating component for balanced skincare.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in sulfate-free facial cleansers for oily skin, providing effective cleansing without stripping natural oils.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is utilized in sulfate-free body creams, providing a nourishing and non-greasy moisturization experience.
In revitalizing hair mists, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to a lightweight formulation that adds shine and manageability to the hair.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in sulfate-free shower oils, offering a gentle cleansing and moisturizing solution for the skin.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade plays a role in the formulation of sulfate-free hand creams, providing effective hydration without a sticky residue.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in fragrance-free makeup primers, creating a smooth canvas for makeup application.
In sulfate-free micellar shampoos, it helps lift impurities from the hair while maintaining a gentle and non-stripping effect.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free facial cleansers for combination skin, addressing cleansing needs without over-drying.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free body balms, offering intensive moisturization for areas prone to dryness.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is employed in sulfate-free hair masks, providing deep conditioning without weighing down the hair.

In sulfate-free facial scrubs, it aids in the removal of dead skin cells, promoting a radiant and polished complexion.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in sulfate-free body milks, ensuring a lightweight and fast-absorbing moisturization experience.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is part of the formulation of sulfate-free body butters, offering rich hydration for dry and rough skin.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free hair serums, providing a silky finish and taming frizz and flyaways.
In sulfate-free hand sanitizing foams, it combines effective cleansing with skin-friendly properties for on-the-go use.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free facial moisturizing mists, offering a refreshing burst of hydration throughout the day.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in sulfate-free scalp conditioners, promoting a balanced and nourished scalp environment.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free intimate washes, providing a gentle and pH-balanced cleansing solution.

In sulfate-free facial essence formulations, it aids in the absorption of active ingredients for enhanced skincare benefits.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is employed in sulfate-free foot creams, providing relief to tired and dry feet with moisturizing properties.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free styling creams for curly hair, defining curls while minimizing frizz and maintaining moisture.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in sulfate-free cuticle oils, promoting healthy and nourished nails and cuticles.
In sulfate-free body washes for sensitive skin, it ensures effective cleansing without causing irritation or discomfort.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free foaming hand scrubs, providing a convenient and revitalizing hand care solution.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in sulfate-free facial sunscreen formulations, offering sun protection with a lightweight and non-greasy feel.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free lip scrubs, promoting smooth and exfoliated lips with added hydration.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is a key ingredient in sulfate-free facial cleansing oils, effectively dissolving makeup and impurities without stripping the skin.
In sulfate-free body washes for dry skin, it provides a hydrating and soothing cleansing experience, leaving the skin soft and moisturized.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free facial peels, aiding in the removal of dead skin cells and promoting a smoother complexion.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free leave-in hair conditioners, providing long-lasting hydration and improving the manageability of the hair.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in sulfate-free foaming shaving creams, ensuring a smooth and comfortable shaving experience.
In sulfate-free micellar body cleansers, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade facilitates effective cleansing while maintaining the skin's natural moisture balance.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is employed in sulfate-free facial cleansing balms, offering a luxurious texture that melts away makeup and impurities.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in sulfate-free hair detanglers, making combing easier and leaving the hair silky and knot-free.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free body scrubs with moisturizing beads, promoting gentle exfoliation and hydration.

In sulfate-free facial cleansing lotions, it provides a creamy and nourishing texture for effective yet gentle makeup removal.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free hair repairing masks, helping to restore and strengthen damaged hair.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is part of sulfate-free cuticle softening serums, promoting healthy and hydrated cuticles for improved nail health.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free hand exfoliating scrubs, offering a rejuvenating experience for soft and smooth hands.
In sulfate-free facial massage creams, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade aids in the glide of the product, promoting relaxation and enhancing the massage experience.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is employed in sulfate-free body mousse, providing a lightweight and airy texture for easy and even application.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free hand-poured soap bars, combining effective cleansing with a touch of luxury for daily hand care.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in sulfate-free anti-frizz hair sprays, providing a lightweight hold while taming frizz and flyaways.

In sulfate-free scalp exfoliating masks, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade helps remove build-up and dead skin cells for a healthier and revitalized scalp.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free facial essence sheet masks, delivering concentrated skincare benefits in a convenient format.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in sulfate-free hand rejuvenating creams, promoting the restoration of moisture for smoother and younger-looking hands.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free lip gloss formulations, ensuring a glossy finish with added moisturization.
In sulfate-free hair volumizing mousses, it provides a lightweight lift and hold for voluminous and styled hair.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free body cooling gels, offering a refreshing sensation for post-exercise or hot weather use.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is employed in sulfate-free facial brightening serums, promoting an even skin tone and a radiant complexion.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in sulfate-free foot peel masks, aiding in the removal of dead skin cells for softer and smoother feet.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is utilized in sulfate-free hair texturizing sprays, providing a natural-looking texture and definition to styled hair.
In sulfate-free facial cleansing gels for acne-prone skin, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade offers effective cleansing without causing excessive dryness or irritation.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in sulfate-free body shimmer lotions, adding a subtle and luminous glow to the skin.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free hair glossing serums, providing shine and smoothness without weighing the hair down.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in sulfate-free overnight facial masks, promoting deep hydration and skin repair while sleeping.
In sulfate-free body massage oils, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade aids in smooth application and enhances the overall massage experience.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free hair refreshing sprays, offering a quick revitalization for hairstyles between washes.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is part of sulfate-free facial detoxifying masks, helping to draw out impurities and refine the skin's texture.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free body contouring creams, providing a hydrating and firming effect for the skin.

In sulfate-free leave-on hair serums, it helps control frizz and flyaways while promoting a glossy finish.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is employed in sulfate-free body cleansing powders, offering a unique and customizable cleansing experience.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in sulfate-free facial setting sprays, helping to set makeup while providing a dewy and natural finish.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free hair defining creams, promoting curl definition and reducing frizz for textured hair.
In sulfate-free soothing scalp mists, it provides relief for irritated scalps with a calming and refreshing sensation.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free facial cooling gel masks, offering a soothing and revitalizing treatment for tired skin.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free body bronzing oils, providing a sun-kissed glow and hydration for a luminous complexion.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is featured in sulfate-free hair softening balms, helping to detangle and condition the hair for easy styling.

Some applications of Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade include:

liquid soaps,
body lotions,
shower gels,
after shave and other alcohol preparations,
intimate hygiene lotions and gels,
shampoo,
face cleansers (face gels and foams, washing oils, tonics, micellar liquids),
bath lotions,
creams and balms
sunscreens,
colouring cosmetics,
hair styling preparations,
protective lipstick preparations,
dishwashing liquids,
car chemicals.

In sulfate-free facial primer creams, it creates a smooth canvas for makeup application while nourishing the skin.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is employed in sulfate-free hair frizz-control balms, providing a sleek and polished look for all hair types.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is part of sulfate-free body-firming lotions, promoting elasticity and hydration for a toned and supple appearance.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to sulfate-free scalp soothing shampoos, providing relief for sensitive or irritated scalps.
In sulfate-free facial brightening creams, it helps reduce the appearance of dark spots and promotes an even skin tone.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is used in sulfate-free hair molding clays, offering a flexible hold and texture for creative styling.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is included in sulfate-free facial hydrating mists, providing an instant burst of moisture for refreshed and hydrated skin.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is found in sulfate-free hair color-protecting conditioners, maintaining vibrancy and shine for colored hair.



DESCRIPTION


Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is a cosmetic-grade ingredient used in the formulation of personal care and cosmetic products.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative of glyceryl cocoate.
Glyceryl cocoate itself is an ester derived from coconut oil and glycerin.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is a water-soluble surfactant and emollient commonly used in cosmetic formulations.
This clear or pale yellow liquid has a mild, characteristic odor, making it suitable for various personal care products.

With its emollient properties, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade contributes to a smooth and soft feel on the skin.
Derived from coconut oil and glycerin, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade combines the benefits of these natural ingredients in cosmetic applications.

The polyethylene glycol (PEG) component enhances its solubility in water, facilitating its use in aqueous formulations.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade acts as a mild cleansing agent, making it a common ingredient in gentle facial cleansers and body washes.
In shampoos and conditioners, it serves as a surfactant, helping to emulsify oils and provide a pleasant texture.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade improves the spreadability of formulations, ensuring even application on the skin and hair.
Its emulsifying properties make it effective in stabilizing oil-in-water emulsions, contributing to the overall stability of cosmetic products.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is known for its compatibility with various cosmetic ingredients, allowing for diverse formulations.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade adds a touch of natural goodness to cosmetic products, promoting a wholesome image.

Due to its water-solubility, it rinses off easily without leaving a greasy residue on the skin or hair.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade finds application in bath products, providing a luxurious feel and gentle cleansing during bathing rituals.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is often included in facial cleansers designed for sensitive skin due to its mild and non-irritating nature.
As an emollient, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade helps to maintain the skin's hydration, making it suitable for moisturizing creams and lotions.
The clear appearance of PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate contributes to the aesthetic appeal of transparent or lightly colored formulations.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade plays a role in enhancing the foam quality in certain cosmetic products, contributing to a satisfying user experience.
In hair care products, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade aids in detangling and improving the overall manageability of the hair.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is utilized in products designed for daily use, offering a balance between effectiveness and mildness.

With its biodegradable nature, it aligns with environmentally conscious formulations in the beauty and personal care industry.
Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade's versatility extends to various cosmetic formats, including creams, gels, foams, and liquid formulations.
Its gentle nature makes it suitable for inclusion in products for children or individuals with delicate skin.

Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade is valued for its ability to contribute to the overall sensory experience of cosmetic products.
The combination of glycerin and coconut oil elements makes it a popular choice in formulations focusing on natural-inspired ingredients.
As a key component in cosmetic chemistry, Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade continues to be a staple in formulations promoting skin and hair well-being.



PROPERTIES


pH: 5.0-8.0
Solubility: Soluble in water
Viscosity: Low



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move the affected person to fresh air.
If respiratory irritation or distress occurs, seek medical attention.
If breathing is difficult, provide artificial respiration and seek immediate medical attention.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing.
Wash the affected area with plenty of water and mild soap.
If irritation persists, seek medical attention.
Contaminated clothing should be thoroughly cleaned before reuse.


Eye Contact:

Flush the eyes with gently flowing lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the upper and lower lids occasionally.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Seek medical attention if the person is not feeling well.


Note:

If symptoms persist or if there is uncertainty about the severity of exposure, seek medical advice promptly.
Provide medical personnel with information about the product and the specific circumstances of exposure.


General Advice:

Always follow good hygiene practices when working with cosmetic or chemical products.
Keep the product container or SDS readily available for reference.
If seeking medical attention, provide medical personnel with all relevant information.


Emergency Contact:

In case of emergency, contact the relevant emergency services and provide information about the product.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
When handling Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade, use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety goggles to prevent skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation exposure.
Use local exhaust ventilation if available.

Avoid Contamination:
Avoid contamination of the product by using clean utensils and equipment.
Ensure that containers are tightly sealed when not in use.

Spill Handling:
In case of a spill, promptly clean it up using absorbent materials.
Avoid the discharge of spilled material into sewers or waterways.

Storage of Raw Materials:
Store raw materials used in the formulation of Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade according to their specific requirements, ensuring compatibility and stability.


Storage:

Temperature:
Store PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Avoid temperature extremes.

Container Integrity:
Ensure that the storage containers are in good condition, without leaks or damage, to prevent contamination and maintain product quality.

Ventilation:
Provide adequate ventilation in storage areas to prevent the accumulation of vapors or gases.

Segregation:
Store PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate away from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, alkalis, and oxidizing agents.

Handling of Large Quantities:
For handling large quantities, consider implementing appropriate engineering controls to minimize exposure.

Fire Prevention:
PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate is not typically flammable, but it is advisable to store it away from open flames or potential ignition sources.

Security Measures:
Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access to storage areas.

Shelf Life:
Adhere to the recommended shelf life of the product.
Rotate stock to use older batches first.

Monitoring:
Regularly monitor storage conditions to ensure compliance with recommended parameters.


Emergency Measures:

Emergency Procedures:
Familiarize personnel with emergency procedures, including spill response and evacuation protocols.

Emergency Contacts:
Display emergency contact information for quick reference in case of spills or accidents.

Training:
Ensure that personnel handling Peg-7 glyceryl cocoate cosmetic grade are adequately trained in safe handling practices.

PEG-7 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL
castor oil (ricinus communis), hydrogenated, ethoxylated (7 mol EO average molar ratio); croduret 7; polyethylene glycol (7) hydrogenated castor oil; polyoxyethylene (7) hydrogenated castor oil cas no: 61788-85-0
PEG-7 STEARATE
Peg-7 Stearate has softening, moisturizing, smoothing, emulsifying and anti-electrostatic properties.


CAS Number: 9004-99-3
Chem/IUPAC Name: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-(1-oxooctadecyl)-.omega.-hydroxy- (7 mol EO average molar ratio)



Glycol, polyethylene, monostearate, Ethoxylated stearic acid, poly (oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl), derivative of the mixture of fatty acids: stearic and palmitic, Ethoxylated stearic acid, PEG 150 stearate, polyoxietileno400 stearate, Fatty acid glycol, PEG-8 STEARATE, PEG-20 Stearate, PEG 8 STEARATE, Poly(oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl), a-(1-oxooctadecyl)-w-hydroxy-, 2-HYDROXYETHYL OCTADECANOATE, Poly(oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-(1-oxooctadecyl)-.omega.-hydroxy-, AEC PEG-7 STEARATE, MACROGOL STEARATE 350, PEG-7 STEARATE, PEG-7 STEARATE [INCI], POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (7) MONOSTEARATE, POLYOXYETHYLENE (7) MONOSTEARATE,



Peg-7 Stearate has a very wide range of applications.
Peg-7 Stearate has softening, moisturizing, smoothing, emulsifying and anti-electrostatic properties.
Peg-7 Stearate's saponification value is 92-97 and the pH of a 1% aqueous solution is in the range of 6,6-8,5.


Peg-7 Stearate forms emulsions in water and is well soluble in alcohols and hydrocarbons.
Peg-7 Stearate is resistant to alkaline environment.
Moreover, Peg-7 Stearate has dispersing properties on calcium and magnesium soaps.


Peg-7 Stearate is particularly suitable for use as a constituent of a multi-component preparation with a synergistic effect.
Peg-7 Stearate is a non-ionic surfactant.


Peg-7 Stearate is a derivative based on a mixture of fatty acids, mainly stearic and palmitic.
At room temperature Peg-7 Stearate takes the form of a thick paste or white to yellow wax.


"PEG" refers to a PEG-(polyethylene glycol-) derivative.
The number behind "PEG-" (or the first number behind "PEG/...-") refers to the average number of molecular units -CH2-CH2-O-.
Stearates are salts or esters of stearic acid (octadecanoic acid).



USES and APPLICATIONS of PEG-7 STEARATE:
In the textile industry Peg-7 Stearate is used as a component of dye baths for dyeing cotton, wool and mixed products and for the preparation of finished products, both by extraction and padding.
Additionally, Peg-7 Stearate is used in cosmetic formulations.


Peg-7 Stearate acts as an emulsifier in moisturizing creams, creams with SPF filter, body lotions, hand creams and hair conditioners.
Peg-7 Stearate is used textile industry, cosmetics (moisturizing creams, SPF sunscreens, body lotions, hand creams, hair conditioners).
Peg-7 Stearateis used emulsifier.



PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF PEG-7 STEARATE:
Product advantages:
* very effective softening, moisturizing and smoothing action,
* stable in alkaline environment,
* excellent emulsifier and dispersant, especially for calcium and magnesium soaps,
* anti-electrostatic properties,
* compatible with non-ionic, anionic and cationic surfactants,



WHAT IS PEG?
Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Stearates (PEG-2 Stearate, PEG-6 Stearate, PEG-8 Stearate, PEG-12 Stearate, PEG-20 Stearate, PEG-32 Stearate, PEG-40 Stearate, PEG-50 Stearate, PEG-100 Stearate, PEG-150 Stearate) are esters of polyethylene glycol and stearic acid.
The PEG Stearates are soft to waxy solids that are white to tan in color. In cosmetics and personal care products, PEG Stearates are used in skin creams, conditioners, shampoos, body cleansers and soapless detergents.



WHY IS PEG USED?
The PEG Stearates clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away.



SCIENTIFIC FACTS OF PEG:
The PEG Stearates are produced from stearic acid, a naturally occurring fatty acid
A natural organic compound that consists of a carboxyl group (oxygen, carbon and hydrogen) attached to a chain of carbon atoms with their associated hydrogen atoms.

The chain of carbon atoms may be connected with single bonds, making a ‘saturated’ fat; or it may contain some double bonds, making an ‘unsaturated’ fat.
The number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the chain is what determines the qualities of that particular fatty acid.
Animal and vegetable fats are made up of various combinations of fatty acids (in sets of three) connected to a glycerol molecule, making them triglycerides.

The numerical value of each PEG Stearate corresponds to the average number of ethylene oxide monomers in the polyethylene chain.
Polyethylene glycol ingredients may also be named with a number that indicates molecular weight, for example polyethylene glycol (400) stearate is another name for PEG-8 Stearate.



FIRST AID MEASURES of PEG-7 STEARATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PEG-7 STEARATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PEG-7 STEARATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PEG-7 STEARATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PEG-7 STEARATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: 2 - 8 °C



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PEG-7 STEARATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available


PEG-7 STEARATE
Peg-7 Stearate has softening, moisturizing, smoothing, emulsifying and anti-electrostatic properties.


CAS Number: 9004-99-3
Chem/IUPAC Name: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-(1-oxooctadecyl)-.omega.-hydroxy- (7 mol EO average molar ratio)



Glycol, polyethylene, monostearate, Ethoxylated stearic acid, poly (oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl), derivative of the mixture of fatty acids: stearic and palmitic, Ethoxylated stearic acid, PEG 150 stearate, polyoxietileno400 stearate, Fatty acid glycol, PEG-8 STEARATE, PEG-20 Stearate, PEG 8 STEARATE, Poly(oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl), a-(1-oxooctadecyl)-w-hydroxy-, 2-HYDROXYETHYL OCTADECANOATE, Poly(oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-(1-oxooctadecyl)-.omega.-hydroxy-, AEC PEG-7 STEARATE, MACROGOL STEARATE 350, PEG-7 STEARATE, PEG-7 STEARATE [INCI], POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (7) MONOSTEARATE, POLYOXYETHYLENE (7) MONOSTEARATE,



Peg-7 Stearate has a very wide range of applications.
Peg-7 Stearate has softening, moisturizing, smoothing, emulsifying and anti-electrostatic properties.
Peg-7 Stearate's saponification value is 92-97 and the pH of a 1% aqueous solution is in the range of 6,6-8,5.


Peg-7 Stearate forms emulsions in water and is well soluble in alcohols and hydrocarbons.
Peg-7 Stearate is resistant to alkaline environment.
Moreover, Peg-7 Stearate has dispersing properties on calcium and magnesium soaps.


Peg-7 Stearate is particularly suitable for use as a constituent of a multi-component preparation with a synergistic effect.
Peg-7 Stearate is a non-ionic surfactant.


Peg-7 Stearate is a derivative based on a mixture of fatty acids, mainly stearic and palmitic.
At room temperature Peg-7 Stearate takes the form of a thick paste or white to yellow wax.


"PEG" refers to a PEG-(polyethylene glycol-) derivative.
The number behind "PEG-" (or the first number behind "PEG/...-") refers to the average number of molecular units -CH2-CH2-O-.
Stearates are salts or esters of stearic acid (octadecanoic acid).



USES and APPLICATIONS of PEG-7 STEARATE:
In the textile industry Peg-7 Stearate is used as a component of dye baths for dyeing cotton, wool and mixed products and for the preparation of finished products, both by extraction and padding.
Additionally, Peg-7 Stearate is used in cosmetic formulations.


Peg-7 Stearate acts as an emulsifier in moisturizing creams, creams with SPF filter, body lotions, hand creams and hair conditioners.
Peg-7 Stearate is used textile industry, cosmetics (moisturizing creams, SPF sunscreens, body lotions, hand creams, hair conditioners).
Peg-7 Stearateis used emulsifier.



PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF PEG-7 STEARATE:
Product advantages:
* very effective softening, moisturizing and smoothing action,
* stable in alkaline environment,
* excellent emulsifier and dispersant, especially for calcium and magnesium soaps,
* anti-electrostatic properties,
* compatible with non-ionic, anionic and cationic surfactants,



WHAT IS PEG?
Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Stearates (PEG-2 Stearate, PEG-6 Stearate, PEG-8 Stearate, PEG-12 Stearate, PEG-20 Stearate, PEG-32 Stearate, PEG-40 Stearate, PEG-50 Stearate, PEG-100 Stearate, PEG-150 Stearate) are esters of polyethylene glycol and stearic acid.
The PEG Stearates are soft to waxy solids that are white to tan in color. In cosmetics and personal care products, PEG Stearates are used in skin creams, conditioners, shampoos, body cleansers and soapless detergents.



WHY IS PEG USED?
The PEG Stearates clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away.



SCIENTIFIC FACTS OF PEG:
The PEG Stearates are produced from stearic acid, a naturally occurring fatty acid
A natural organic compound that consists of a carboxyl group (oxygen, carbon and hydrogen) attached to a chain of carbon atoms with their associated hydrogen atoms.

The chain of carbon atoms may be connected with single bonds, making a ‘saturated’ fat; or it may contain some double bonds, making an ‘unsaturated’ fat.
The number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the chain is what determines the qualities of that particular fatty acid.
Animal and vegetable fats are made up of various combinations of fatty acids (in sets of three) connected to a glycerol molecule, making them triglycerides.

The numerical value of each PEG Stearate corresponds to the average number of ethylene oxide monomers in the polyethylene chain.
Polyethylene glycol ingredients may also be named with a number that indicates molecular weight, for example polyethylene glycol (400) stearate is another name for PEG-8 Stearate.



FIRST AID MEASURES of PEG-7 STEARATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PEG-7 STEARATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PEG-7 STEARATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PEG-7 STEARATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PEG-7 STEARATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: 2 - 8 °C



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PEG-7 STEARATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available


PEG-70 mango glycerides
mono- and diglycerides, mango (mangifera indica) seed oil, ethoxylated (70 mol EO average molar ratio) CAS NO:N/A
PEG-75
PEG-8/SMDI COPOLYMER cas no: 39444-87-6
PEG-75
PEG-75 is a type of polyethylene glycol.
PEG-75 is amazingly versatile skin care ingredients in skin care because of their many uses and broad compatibility with different types of ingredients.
PEG-75 can be used as a humectant (water-binding agent) to boost skin’s hydration.

CAS: 25322-68-3
MF: N/A
EINECS: 500-038-2

PEG-75 can also be used as a solvent that improves the overall texture of a formula by making the ingredients mesh more cohesively.
With any PEG-75 ingredient followed by a number, the higher the number, the higher molecular weight of the ingredient.
Thus, PEG-75 will feel more substantial on skin than, say, PEG-14.
PEG-75 has many derivatives, including PEG-75 lanolin oil, PEG-75 stearate, PEG-75 shea butter glycerides, and PEG-75 propylene glycol stearate.
Each offers its own distinct functions and properties.
PEG-75 has been deemed a safe cosmetic ingredient by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. 
Their report looked at concentrations between 0.2-36%.

PEG-75 is a widely used ingredient in cosmetics and personal care products.
Being derived from lanolin, it is also referred to as PEG-75 Lanolin.
PEG-75 functions as an emulsifier and surfactant, facilitating the blending and stabilization of water and oil-based ingredients in formulations.
This versatile ingredient finds application in various skincare products such as creams, lotions, and hair care formulations.
Further, PEG-75 Lanolin improves texture, enhances moisturization, and ensures uniform distribution of other components.
Overall, PEG-75 is highly beneficial for both hair and skin.

PEG-75 Lanolin is produced by the reaction of lanolin with ethylene oxide, resulting in the attachment of polyethylene glycol chains to the lanolin molecule.
This process, known as ethoxylation, transforms the lanolin into a water-soluble compound.
The resulting PEG-75 Lanolin is then purified and used in cosmetic formulations.

PEG-75 is used to treat occasional constipation.
PEG-75 is in a class of medications called osmotic laxatives.
PEG-75 works by causing water to be retained with the stool.
This increases the number of bowel movements and softens the stool so PEG-75 is easier to pass.

PEG-75 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 64-66 °C
Boiling point: >250°C
Density: 1.27 g/mL at 25 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: Refractive index: n20/D 1.469
Fp: 270 °C
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless
Form: waxy solid
Color: White to very pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.128
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.6
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.3
Merck: 14,7568
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: -0.698 at 25℃
NIST Chemistry Reference: PEG-75 (25322-68-3)
EPA Substance Registry System: PEG-75 (25322-68-3)

Uses
PEG-75 is a versatile ingredient that finds many applications in the personal care and cosmetic industry.
As a result, PEG-75 can be found in a wide range of products.

Hair care: PEG-75 improves the manageability and softness of the hair, providing moisture and reducing frizz.
PEG-75 is particularly beneficial for dry and damaged hair, where it enhances the texture of the shafts and adds shine
Cosmetic products: PEG-75 acts as an emulsifier, allowing for the blending of oil and water-based ingredients in formulations such as foundations, creams, and lotions.
PEG-75 also contributes to the stability and texture of cosmetic products, ensuring even distribution and a pleasant sensory experience.

Skin care: PEG-75 has emollient properties that hydrates the skin, improves its softness, and creates a protective barrier to prevent moisture loss.
PEG-75 can soothe dry and rough skin, leaving it feeling supple and moisturized.
Polyethylene glycol 3350 comes as a powder to be mixed with a liquid and taken by mouth.
PEG-75 is usually taken once a day as needed for up to 2 weeks.
Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand.
Take PEG-75 exactly as directed.
PEG-75 may be habit-forming.
Do not take a larger dose, take PEG-75 more often, or take it for a longer period of time than your doctor tells you to.
PEG-75 may take 2 to 4 days for polyethylene glycol 3350 to produce a bowel movement.

Synonyms
1,2-ethanediol,homopolymer
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1)
Alcox E 160
Alcox E 30
alcoxe30
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 600,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 200,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 900,000
PEG-75 LANOLIN
PEG-75 LANOLİN PEG-75 Lanolin is an ethoxylated derivative of lanolin, the attached number of which indicates the mean moles of ethylene oxide condensed. PEG-75 Lanolin is a yellow to amber waxy solid in flakes with a faint characteristic odor. PEG-75 Lanolin is a very mild non ionic surfactant which can be used with amphoterics and other mild tensides in the manufacturing of baby shampoos. PEG 75 Lanolin is a PEG that helps to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified. The PEG Lanolin ingredients are used in the formulation of bath products, hair conditioners, hair straighteners, permanent waves, hair sprays, shaving products, nail care products, skin products and eye makeup. Physical and chemical properties: Appearance: wax Colour: pale yellow Odour: weak characteristic Composition and Description PEG-75 Lanolin is a polyoxyethylene condensate with the best pharmaceutical lanolin. It has a mean chain length of 75 ethylene oxide units and an average molecular weight of about 3.970 Da. The lanolin content in PEG-75 Lanolin is approximately 17%. It is a hard, pale yellow wax with weak fruity odour. Features PEG-75 Lanolin is ethoxylated, to obtain not only complete water solubility, but also solutions that are crystal clear in all concentrations, both in water and in aqueous ethanol concentrations of up to 40%. The solutions are nonionic and compatible with most other solubilisers including up to 10% electrolytes solutions. The solution is only slightly affected by oxidative and reducing agents. It is stable in a pH range of 2-10. A particularly unique feature of PEG-75 Lanolin is its carefully controlled manufacturing that ensures minimum viscosity variations of the aqueous solutions. Applications PEG-75 Lanolin is particularly recommended for use in aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic lotions and solutions with high clarity. Moreover, the product has emulsifying, solubilising and emollient properties and a mild cleaning effect. Main applications include skin cleansing and after-shave lotions, as well as in shampoos and detergent formulations, where viscosity is of importance. Dermatology PEG-75 Lanolin is made from pharmaceutical grade lanolin, which complies to the European Pharmacopoeia. It is well established in the market for many years, especially for hair and skin care products. To date, no adverse effects were observed. Patch tests that were made with the 100 % substance in 11 subjects with daily dosing of 2-3 hours over a period of 4 weeks showed no adverse skin reaction. Processing When used in solutions, PEG-75 Lanolin should first be melted, followed by addition of 3 times the amount of hot water under constant stirring. The resulting concentrate is then diluted with either hot or cold water. In order to prepare emulsions, PEG-75 Lanolin is normally melted together with the oil phase, but it can also be dissolved in the aqueous phase. It should be stored cool in closed containers. Prolonged heating above 80 °C should be avoided. Solubility at room temperature Water: soluble; ethanol, anhydrous: soluble; ethanol 80%: partly soluble; ethanol 40%: soluble; mineral oil: slightly soluble PEG-75 Lanolin What Is PEG-75 Lanolin? The PEG Lanolin ingredients (PEG-5 Lanolin, PEG-10 Lanolin, PEG-20 Lanolin, PEG-24 Lanolin, PEG-27 Lanolin, PEG-30 Lanolin, PEG-35 Lanolin, PEG-40 Lanolin, PEG-50 Lanolin, PEG-55 Lanolin, PEG-60 Lanolin, PEG-75 Lanolin, PEG-85 Lanolin, PEG-100 Lanolin, PEG-150 Lanolin, PEG-5 Hydrogenated Lanolin, PEG-10 Hydrogenated Lanolin, PEG-20 Hydrogenated Lanolin, PEG-24 Hydrogenated Lanolin, PEG-30 Hydrogenated Lanolin, PEG-70 Hydrogenated Lanolin, PEG-75 Lanolin Oil, PEG-75 Lanolin Wax) are polyethylene glycol derivatives of lanolin or hydrogenated lanolin. Depending on molecular weight, these ingredients are liquids, semi-solids or solids. The PEG Lanolin ingredients are used in the formulation of bath products, hair conditioners, hair straighteners, permanent waves, hair sprays, shaving products, nail care products, skin products and eye makeup. Why is PEG-75 Lanolin used in cosmetics and personal care products? The PEG Lanolin ingredients help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified. They also act as lubricants on the skin's surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance. The PEG Hydrogenated Lanolin ingredients function as hair conditioning agents, skin conditioning agents - emollients and surfactants. Scientific Facts: PEG Lanolin ingredients are prepared from whole lanolin. Lanolin is the secretory product of sheep sebaceous glands which is obtained from sheered wool. Lanolin and hydrogenated lanolin are reacted with ethylene oxide to form polyethylene glycol lanolin and polyethylene glycol hydrogenated lanolin, respectivley. The numerical value represents the average number of units of ethylene oxide added to each equivalent unit of lanolin to produce the corresponding PEG-7 Lanolin or PEG Hydrogenated Lanolin ingredient. PEG-75 LANOLİN PEG-75 LANOLİN is classified as : Emollient Emulsifying Surfactant CAS Number 61790-81-6 / 8039-09-6 COSING REF No: 77290 Chem/IUPAC Name: Lanolin, ethoxylated (75 mol EO average molar ratio) PEG-75 Lanolin is an ethoxylated derivative of lanolin, the attached number of which indicates the mean moles of ethylene oxide condensed. PEG-75 Lanolin is a yellow to amber waxy solid in flakes with a faint characteristic odor. PEG-75 Lanolin is a very mild non ionic surfactant which can be used with amphoterics and other mild tensides in the manufacturing of baby shampoos. PEG-75 Lanolin PEG-75 Lanolin This product is a very mild non-ionic surfactant that can be used with amphoterics and other mild surfactants in the production of baby shampoos. Washable Lanolin advantages: smoothes skin and hair, liquid form facilitates the formulation of preparations, facilitates the dissolution of perfumes, essential oils, antiseptics, other surfactants, stabilizes oil-in-water (O / W) emulsions, biodegradable. Sectors Used Dermocosmetic Cosmetic Used Formulas Cream Wax-Lanolin Care Anti-Fungal Foot Care Cream Hair Mask - Silky Touch Hair Wax- Fiber Category Active Ingredient Water-soluble moisturizer is a product that helps to create emulsions by reducing the surface tension of emulsified substances. Categories: Cosmetic Chemicals Product Group, Cream Raw Materials PEG 75 Lanolin is a product that helps to create emulsions by reducing the surface tension of emulsifiers. PEG Lanolin ingredients are used in bath products, conditioners, hair straighteners, permanent waves, hair sprays, shaving products, nail care products, leather products and eye makeup formulation. Physical and chemical properties: Appearance: beeswax Color: pale yellow Odor: weak characteristic Properties and uses: It is an ethoxylated derivative of lanolin. The appended numbers indicate the number of moles of ethylene oxide condensed. Unconscious has characteristic odor. It is soluble in water and soluble with typical nonionic surfactants with emulsifying, solvent, wetting, cleaning properties. Ideal for shampoos, bath foams, shaving foams etc…, soaps and detergents. It is a very mild nonionic surfactant used with amphoteric substances in the production of baby shampoos. PEG 75 Lanolin can be used as a solvent for fats, also as a spreading agent for tar in dermatological products. Its small concentrations act as a clarifying agent in aqueous systems such as clear shampoos and gels. PEG 75 Lanolin is also available as a 50% aqueous solution. PEG 75.50 Lanolin is an ethoxylated derivative of Lanolin, it contains 50% active Lanolin. It stores and retrieves lost oils; gives shine; is low cost; does not interfere with foam. It is an effective emollient, very good oil regulator and moisturizer for skin care formulations. Recommended for hair and skin care products such as creams, lotions, shampoos and conditioners (conditioners). It is an outstanding lubrication regulator. This makes it ideal for dry skin formulations including hand soaps, body wash soaps, creams and lotions. Additionally, due to its shine boosting properties, it is a very good candidate for use in products such as shampoos and hair conditioners. It is used in the range of 0.5-5% depending on the application. PEG-75 LANOLIN is soluble in water and dissolves with typical nonionic surfactants with emulsifying, solvent, wetting and cleaning properties. Ideal for shampoos, bath foams, shaving foams etc…, soaps and detergents. It is a very mild nonionic surfactant used with amphoteric substances in the production of baby shampoos. PEG 75 Lanolin can be used as a solvent for fats, also as a spreading agent for tar in dermatological products. Its small concentrations act as a clarifying agent in aqueous systems such as clear shampoos and gels. PEG-75 Lanolin is also available as a 50% aqueous solution. PEG-7 5.50 Lanolin is an ethoxylated derivative of Lanolin, contains 50% active Lanolin. It stores and retrieves lost oils; gives shine; is low cost; does not interfere with foam. PEG-75 Lanolin is used with amphoterics and other light surfactants in the production of baby shampoos. Washable Lanolin advantages = Smoothes the skin and hair, its liquid form facilitates the formulation of preparations, perfumes, essential oils and antiseptics; Its compatibility with other surfactants makes it easy to dissolve. PEG-75 Lanolin Stabilizes oil-in-water (O / W) emulsions, biodegradable.
PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO)
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is a cosmetic grade ingredient that works as an emollient which helps in hydrating and softening the skin.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) appears as a pale yellow liquid that is odorless.


CAS Number: 61790-81-6 / 8039-09-6
Chem/IUPAC Name: Lanolin, ethoxylated (75 mol EO average molar ratio)


SYNONYMS:
Ethoxylated lanolin, Lanolin, ethoxylated, Polyoxyethylene (75) Lanolin, (PEG-75 Lanolin), Super?Solan, PEG-25LANOLIN, PEG-75 LANOLIN, PEG-40 LANOLIN, Ethoxylated lanolin, Lanolin, ethoxylated, Water-soluble lanolin, Polyoxyethylene lanolins, WOOLGREASE-POLYETHOXYLATED, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO)



PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is a cosmetic grade ingredient that works as an emollient which helps in hydrating and softening the skin.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) appears as a pale yellow liquid that is odorless.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is also a great surfactant and emulsifier that helps to combine water-based and oil-based ingredients in a formulation and form a stable product.


In personal care products, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is highly nourishing and also protects the skin by forming a protective barrier on the surface.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is a very mild nonionic surfactant that can be used with amphoterics and other mild surfactants in the production of baby shampoos.


Washable PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) advantages: smoothes the skin and hair, its liquid form facilitates the formulation of preparations, facilitates the dissolution of perfumes, essential oils, antiseptics, compatibility with other surfactants, stabilizes oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, biodegradable.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is a surfactant.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is an ethoxylated derivative of lanolin.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) comes in the form of yellow to light brown wax.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is very well soluble in water.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is predominantly hydrophobic.
Although PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) was recognized as safe for personal care and cosmetic products.


PEG-75 Lanolin is an ethoxylated derivative of lanolin, the attached number of which indicates the mean moles of ethylene oxide condensed.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is a yellow to amber waxy solid in flakes with a faint characteristic odor.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is a very mild non ionic surfactant which can be used with amphoterics and other mild tensides in the manufacturing of baby shampoos.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is safe to use, and non-toxic.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) does not cause skin or eye irritation.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is a polyoxyethylene condensate with the best lanolin.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) has a mean chain length of 75 ethylene oxide units and an average molecular weight of about 3.970 Da.
The lanolin content in PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is approximately 17%.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is a hard, pale yellow wax with weak fruity odour.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
Among the many ethylene glycol derivatives, an ethoxylated lanolin derivative named PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) according to INCI standards has become very popular.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used as a conditioning agent and emollient in cleansing and skin care cosmetics.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) has a moisturising as well as softening and smoothening effect.
These and other advantages resulted in the broad use of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) in shampoos, body washes or industrial applications such as industrial cleaning products.


Cosmetic Uses of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO): skin conditioning - emollient, surfactants, and surfactant - emulsifying
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is particularly recommended for use in aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic lotions and solutions with high clarity.
Moreover, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) has emulsifying, solubilising and emollient properties and a mild cleaning effect.


Main applications of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) include skin cleansing and after-shave lotions, as well as in shampoos and detergent formulations, where viscosity is of importance.
In cleansing and skin care cosmetics, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) serves as a conditioning agent and emollient.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) moisturizes as well as softens and smoothes the skin.
Because of these and other benefits, this ingredient is widely used in shampoos, body washes, and other personal care products as well as in commercial applications like industrial cleaning products.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used acidic and alkaline lotions and creams.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used solubilization of ALA, perfume, vegetable oil, mineral oil to form clear aqueous and hydroalcoholic systems.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used waterless hand cleaner.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used in dishwashing liquid detergents.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used in soaps.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used in lotions and creams.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used shaving cream.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used in anti-perspirant lotions and creams.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used a cologne and skin freshener.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used hair preparations, conditioners, and shampoos and relaxers.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used in creams and lotions for dry skin


Applications of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO): Lip products, Eye products, Facial products, Body products, Nail products, Hand / foot / nail care, Facial care, Body care, Hand wash / sanitizers, Depilatories, epilatories, shaving, Antiperspirant, deodorant, Bath and shower, scrubs, Cleansers, soaps.


Ingredient benefits of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO): Scalp care, Moisturizing, hydrating, Firming, lifting, smoothing, tightening, Hair Styling.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used in products containing alcohol such as shaving cream.


Applications of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO): cosmetics and detergents, shampoos, liquid soaps, body washes, gels for washing face and body, shower gels, bubble baths, toner, pore-refining, before and after shave fluids, creams, moisturisers, lotions, aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic liquids with high clarity, detergents for industrial washing, wetting and conditioning agent for cold wave perm products.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used cleaning products that Need gentleness such as shampoo, conditioner, soap and liquid soap.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO), which is an ethoxylated derivative of lanolin, used mainly in cosmetic applications.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is also used as an ingredient in detergents and preparations for industrial washing and cleaning.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) contains about 50% of water, so it is in the form of a liquid, which greatly facilitates its handling in process conditions and formulation of final preparations.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is a lanolin derivative, which shows good solubility in water.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is used mainly as a conditioning agent and emollient in cleansing, hair and skin care cosmetics.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) creates a protective layer on the hair and skin surface, preventing excessive evaporation of water, which is an indirect moisturizing effect.


Therefore, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) acts as a conditioner for the skin and hair, i.e. it softens and smoothes them.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) has moisturizing properties – it facilitates contact of the washing solution with the given surface, which makes it easier to remove impurities.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) can be used as an emulsifier for oil-in-water (O/W) systems.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) also acts as a rheology modifier, i.e. it improves consistency, increasing viscosity of washing preparations containing anionic surfactants.


PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is particularly recommended for use in aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic lotions and solutions with high clarity.
Moreover, the product has emulsifying, solubilising and emollient properties and a mild cleaning effect.
Main applications of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) include skin cleansing and after-shave lotions, as well as in shampoos and detergent formulations, where viscosity is of importance.


Thanks to its various properties, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is an ingredient in many products such as shampoos, facial gels, body washes, liquid soaps, lotions and toners.
Among industrial applications, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is mainly used as an industrial cleaning detergent.



WHAT IS PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO) USED FOR?
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is very useful for the cosmetic and personal care industry.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) can be found in products such as foundations, eyeshadows, lotions, creams, and lip balms.

-Decorative cosmetics:
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO)improves the texture of the products and keeps different ingredients in the formulation from separating.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) also reduces the harsh and dry nature of cosmetics by making them smoother and hydrating

-Hair care:
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) offers natural shine to the shafts by nourishing and conditioning them.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) also forms a protective barrier on the scalp and promotes healthy hair - full of sheen and shine



ORIGIN OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is made from wool wax that comes from the wool of sheep.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is made by hydrogenation and hydrolysis of the wool which involves breaking down the fatty acids into smaller molecules.
These molecules are then manufactured into the cosmetic grade ingredient - PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO).



WHAT DOES PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO) DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Emollient
*Emulsifying
*Surfactant



SAFETY PROFILE OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is safe for skin and hair.
The recommended use level of this ingredient is between 0.5-20%.
Levels ofPEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) higher than this can cause side effects such as rashes, itching, and redness.

A patch test is recommended before full application.
Further, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is non-comedogenic and does not cause blemishes or acne.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is not vegan.



ALTERNATIVES OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
*SHEA BUTTER GLYCERIDES



THE ROLE AND EFFECTS OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO) IN COSMETICS AND PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS:
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) in cosmetics serves both as a base (a kind of foundation on which a cosmetic formulation is built) and an active ingredient (ensuring specific properties).
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is primarily an emulsifier used in O/W emulsions (oil-in-water emulsions).

PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) enables to form an emulsion by mixing the oil phase with the water phase.
As a surfactant, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) enables the formation of foam.
Foam is where air (or another gas) is dispersed in a liquid.

Adequate foaming properties of cosmetics are responsible for effective removal of impurities.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) contributes to the rheology modification.
One of the factors determining sensory quality and usability of e.g.

Cosmetic creams is their rheological characteristics, namely viscosity of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO), which often influences consumer decisions on the purchase of a specific formulation.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) as one of the product ingredients, increases or decreases the viscosity of the finished product.

Another effect of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is solubilization.
As a solubiliser, in a process called micellar solubilisation, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) introduces substances that are hydrophobic (i.e. not soluble in water) into the aqueous solution in which it is found.

The result is an isotropic, transparent composition whose viscosity is similar to that of water.
Examples of substances that can be introduced into aqueous solution thanks to the use of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) include plant extracts, oily substances and fragrance compositions.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) also works well in skin care formulations as an emollient.

PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) forms a thin occlusive layer on the surface of the skin that prevents excessive evaporation of water and keeps an adequate level of moisture (indirect moisturising effect).
The visible effect is smoothening and softening of the epidermis.



COMPOSITION AND DESCRIPTION OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is a polyoxyethylene condensate with the best pharmaceutical lanolin.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) has a mean chain length of 75 ethylene oxide units and an average molecular weight of about 3.970 Da.
The lanolin content in PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is approximately 17%.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is a hard, pale yellow wax with weak fruity odour.



GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is the INCI name for one of polyethylene glycol derivatives.
Its common chemical name is lanolin ethoxylated with 75 moles of ethylene oxide or PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO).

The number of moles of ethylene oxide in an ethylene glycol derivative is indicated in the INCI name of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) (as with other ethylene glycol derivatives).
The CAS number to search for and identify PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is 61790-81-6.



FEATURES OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is ethoxylated, to obtain not only complete water solubility, but also solutions that are crystal clear in all concentrations, both in water and in aqueous ethanol concentrations of up to 40%.
The solutions of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) are nonionic and compatible with most other solubilisers including up to 10% electrolytes solutions.

The solution is only slightly affected by oxidative and reducing agents.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is stable in a pH range of 2-10.
A particularly unique feature of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is its carefully controlled manufacturing that ensures minimum viscosity variations of the aqueous solutions.



DERMATOLOGY OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is made from pharmaceutical grade lanolin, which complies to the European Pharmacopoeia.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is well established in the market for many years, especially for hair and skin care products.



PROCESSING OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
When used in solutions, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) should first be melted, followed by addition of 3 times the amount of hot water under constant stirring.
The resulting concentrate is then diluted with either hot or cold water.

In order to prepare emulsions, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is normally melted together with the oil phase, but it can also be dissolved in the aqueous phase.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) should be stored cool in closed containers.

PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is prolonged heating above 80 °C should be avoided.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is water: soluble; ethanol, anhydrous: soluble; ethanol 80%: partly soluble; ethanol 40%: soluble; mineral oil: slightly soluble.



CHEMISTRY OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is non-ionic, polyoxyalkaline Lanolin ether-esters derived by attaching hydrophilic groups to Anhydrous Lanolin, thereby imparting water solubility.
They are available in either 100% active or 50% active forms.



PROCESSING/ PROCESS OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
*Dissolve PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) in hot water not exceeding 80 degrees Celsius.
Stir PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) until dissolved.



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
• Emollient / surface lubricant Helps skin and hair Soft and smooth
• Emulsifying / helps create O/W emulsions.
• Surfactant / is a non-ionic surfactant.



KEY ADVANTAGES OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
*facilitates emulsion formation by reducing surface tension of substances to be emulsified;
*creates a protective layer on the surface of the skin, making it soft and smooth;
*in hair care products, it prevents excessive water evaporation;
*facilitates dissolution of perfumes or essential oils in water;
*is compatible and synergic with other surfactants.



ADVANTAGES OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
* emollient and conditioning agent in washable cosmetics,
* smoothes the skin and hair,
* its liquid form facilitates formulation of preparations,
* facilitates dissolving of perfumes, essential oils, antiseptics,
* compatibility and synergy with other surfactants,
* stabilizes oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions,
* biodegradable product.



HIGHLIGHTS OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) / Water Soluble Lanolin / Ethoxylated Lanolin
produced from fat from sheep's wool (Wool wax) through the process of adding hydrogen (Hydrogenation)
to increase its ability to dissolve in water better.
* Water, Alcohol 40 % soluble
* Mineral oil is partially soluble.



FEATURES OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is ethoxylated, to obtain not only complete water solubility, but also solutions that are crystal clear in all concentrations, both in water and in aqueous ethanol concentrations of up to 40%.
The solutions of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) are nonionic and compatible with most other solubilisers including up to 10% electrolytes solutions.

The solution is only slightly affected by oxidative and reducing agents.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is stable in a pH range of 2-10.
A particularly unique feature of PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is its carefully controlled manufacturing that ensures minimum viscosity variations of the aqueous solutions.



PROCESSING OF PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO)
When used in solutions, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) should first be melted, followed by addition of 3 times the amount of hot water under constant stirring.
The resulting concentrate is then diluted with either hot or cold water.

In order to prepare emulsions, PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is normally melted together with the oil phase, but it can also be dissolved in the aqueous phase.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) should be stored cool in closed containers.
PEG-75 Lanolin (Ethoxylated Lanolin 75 EO) is prolonged heating above 80 °C should be avoided.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
Boiling Point: 300°C
Melting Point: 99°C
pH: 5.0-7.0
Solubility: Soluble in water
CAS Number: 61790-81-6 / 8039-09-6
Chem/IUPAC Name: Lanolin, ethoxylated (75 mol EO average molar ratio)
COSING REF No: 77290
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Soluble in Water: 0.0002397 mg/L @ 25°C (estimated)



FIRST AID MEASURES of PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PEG-75 LANOLIN (ETHOXYLATED LANOLIN 75 EO):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available

PEG-75 Meadowfoam Oil
PEG-75 MEADOWFOAM OIL; Oils, meadowfoam (Limnanthes alba) seed, ethoxylated (75 mol EO average molar ratio); PEG-75 MEADOWFOAM OIL, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 4000 MEADOWFOAM OIL, and POLYOXYETHYLENE (75) MEADOWFOAM OIL; polyethylene glycol 4000 meadowfoam oil;Polyethylene Glycol (PEG))Limnanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil; CAS NO:169107-13-5
PEG-75 shea butter glycerides
glycerides, shea butter (butyrospermum parkii), ethoxylated (75 mol EO average molar ratio) CAS NO: 226993-83-5
PEG-8
PEG-800 N° CAS : 25322-68-3 Origine(s) : Synthétique Nom INCI : PEG-800 Additif alimentaire : E1521 Classification : PEG/PPG, Composé éthoxylé, Glycol, Polymère de synthèse Ses fonctions (INCI) Anti Agglomérant : Permet d'assurer la fluidité des particules solides et de limiter leur agglomération dans des produits cosmétiques en poudre ou en masse dure Agent fixant : Permet la cohésion de différents ingrédients cosmétiques Humectant : Maintient la teneur en eau d'un cosmétique dans son emballage et sur la peau Agent plastifiant : Adoucit et rend souple une autre substance qui autrement ne pourrait pas être facilement déformée, dispersée ou être travaillée Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques
PEG-8
PEG-8 is a low-molecular-weight grade of polyethylene glycol.
PEG-8 is a clear, colorless, viscous liquid.
Due in part to its low toxicity, PEG-8 is widely used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations.

CAS: 25322-68-3
MF: N/A
EINECS: 500-038-2

PEG-8 is a family of linear polymers formed by a base-catalyzed condensation reaction with repeating ethylene oxide units being added to ethylene.
The molecular formula is (C2H4O)multH2O where mult denotes the average number of oxyethylene groups.
The molecular weight can range from 200 to several million corresponding to the number of oxyethylene groups.
The higher-molecular-weight materials (100 000 to 5 000 000) are also referred to as polyethylene oxides.
The average molecular weight of any specific PEG-8 falls within quite narrow limits (°5%).

The number of ethylene oxide units or their approximate molecular weight (e.g., PEG-4 or PEG-200) commonly designates the nomenclature of specific PEG-8.
PEG-8 with amolecular weight less than 600 are liquid, whereas those of molecular weight 1000 and above are solid.
These materials are nonvolatile, water-soluble, tasteless, and odorless.
They are miscible with water, alcohols, esters, ketones, aromatic solvents, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, but immiscible with alkanes, paraffins, waxes, and ethers.

PEG-8 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 64-66 °C
Boiling point: >250°C
Density: 1.27 g/mL at 25 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: Refractive index: n20/D 1.469
Fp: 270 °C
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless
Form: waxy solid
Color: White to very pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.128
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.6
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.3
Merck: 14,7568
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: -0.698 at 25℃
NIST Chemistry Reference: PEG-8 (25322-68-3)
EPA Substance Registry System: PEG-8 (25322-68-3)

Uses
PEG-8 is a binder, coating agent, dispersing agent, flavoring adjuvant, and plasticizing agent that is a clear, colorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid resembling paraffin (white, waxy, or flakes), with a ph of 4.0–7.5 in 1:20 concentration.
PEG-8 is soluble in water (mw 1,000) and many organic solvents.
PEG-8 is a binder, solvent, plasticizing agent, and softener widely used for cosmetic cream bases and pharmaceutical ointments.

PEG-8 is quite humectant up to a molecular weight of 400.
Beyond this weight, their water uptake diminishes.
Used in conjunction with carbon black to form a conductive composite.
Polymer nanospheres of PEG-8 were used for drug delivery.
PEG-8 molecules of approximately 2000 monomers.
PEG-8 is used in various applications from industrial chemistry to biological chemistry.
Recent research has shown PEG-8 maintains the ability to aid the spinal cord injury recovery process, helping the nerve impulse conduction process in animals.

In rats, PEG-8 has been shown to aid in the repair of severed sciatic axons, helping with nerve damage recovery.
PEG-8 is industrially produced as a lubricating substance for various surfaces to reduce friction.
PEG-8 is also used in the preparation of vesicle transport systems in with application towards diagnostic procedures or drug delivery methods.

Application in biomedicine
PEG-8 is also known as polyoxirane (PEO).
PEG-8 is a linear polyether obtained by ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide.
The main uses in the field of biomedicine are as follows: Contact lens liquid.
The viscosity of PEG-8 solution is sensitive to the shear rate and it is not easy for bacteria to grow on PEG-8.
The condensation polymer of ethylene oxide and water.
PEG-8 is a cream matrix for preparing water-soluble drugs.

PEG-8 can also be used as a solvent for acetylsalicylic acid and caffeine, which is difficult to dissolve in water.
Drug sustained-release and immobilized enzyme carrier.
The PEG-8 solution is applied to the outer layer of the pill to control the diffusion of drugs in the pill so as to improve the efficacy.
Surface modification of medical polymer materials.
The biocompatibility of medical polymer materials in contact with blood can be improved by adsorption, interception and grafting of two amphiphilic copolymers containing polyethylene glycol on the surface of medical polymers.

PEG-8 can make the membrane of the alkanol contraceptive pill.
PEG-8 can make hydrophilic anticoagulant polyurethane.
PEG-8 is an osmotic laxative.
PEG-8 can increase osmotic pressure and absorb moisture in the intestinal cavity, which makes the stool soften and increase in volume, resulting in bowel movement and defecation.
Denture fixing agent.
PEG-8 nontoxic and gelatinous nature can be used as a component of denture fixer.
PEG 4000 and PEG 6000 are commonly used to promote cell fusion or protoplast fusion and help organisms (such as yeasts) to take DNA in transformation.
PEG-8 absorbs water from the solution, so it is also used to concentrate the solution.

Purification Methods
PEG-8 is available commercially as a powder or as a solution in various degrees of polymerization depending on the average molecular weight, e.g.
PEG-8 and PEG 800 have average molecular weights of 400 and 800, respectively.
They may be contaminated with aldehydes and peroxides.
Solutions deteriorate in the presence of air due to the formation of these contaminants.
Methods available for purification are as follows: Procedure A: A 40% aqueous solution of PEG 400 (2L, average molecular weight 400) is de-aerated under vacuum and made 10mM in sodium thiosulfate.

After standing for 1hour at 25o, the solution is passed through a column (2.5x20cm) of mixed-bed R-208 resin which has a 5cm layer of Dowex 50-H+ at the bottom of the column.
The column was previously flushed with 30% aqueous MeOH, then thoroughly with H2O.
A flow rate of 1mL/minute is maintained by adjusting the fluid head.
The first 200mL are discarded, and the effluent is then collected at an increased flow rate.
The concentration of PEG solution is checked by density measurement, and it is stored (preferably anaerobically) at 15o.

Procedure B: A solution of PEG 800 (500g in 805mL H2O) is made 1mM in H2SO4 and stirred overnight at 25o with 10g of treated Dowex 50-H+ (8% crosslinked, 20-50 mesh).
The resin, after settling, is filtered off on a sintered glass funnel.
The filtrate is treated at 25o with 1.5g of NaBH4 (added over a period of 1minute) in a beaker with tight but removable lid through which a propeller-type mechanical stirrer is inserted and continuously flushed with N2.

After 15minutes, 15g of fresh Dowex 50-H+ are added, and the rate of stirring is adjusted to maintain the resin suspended.
The addition of an equal quantity of Dowex 50-H+ is repeated and the reaction times are 30 and 40minutes.
The pH of a 1 to 10 dilution of the reaction mixture should remain above pH 8 throughout.
If PEG-8 does not, more NaBH4 is added or the addition of Dowex 50-H+ is curtailed.
(Some samples of PEG-8 can be sufficiently acidic, at least after the hydrolysis treatment, to produce a pH that is too low for efficient reduction when the above ratio of NaBH4 to Dowex 50-H+ is used.)

About 30 minutes after the last addition of NaBH4, small amounts of Dowex 50-H+ (~0.2g) are added at 15minute intervals until the pH of a 1 to 10 dilution of the solution is less than 8.
After stirring for an additional 15minutes the resin is allowed to settle, and the solution is transferred to a vacuum flask for brief de-gassing under a vacuum.
The de-gassed solution is passed through a column of mixed-bed resin as in procedure A.
The final PEG-8 concentration would be about 40% w/v.
Assays for aldehydes by the purpural method and of peroxides are given in the reference below.

Treatment of Dowex 50-H+ (8% crosslinked, 20-50 mesh): The Dowex (500g) is suspended in excess 2N NaOH, and 3mL of liquid Br2 is stirred into the solution.
After the Br2 has dissolved, the treatment is repeated twice, and then the resin is washed with 1N NaOH on a sintered glass funnel until the filtrate is colourless.
The resin is then converted to the acid form (with dilute HCl, H2SO4 or AcOH as required) and washed thoroughly with H2O and sucked dry on the funnel.
The treated resin can be converted to the Na salt and stored.

Synonyms
1,2-ethanediol,homopolymer
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1)
Alcox E 160
Alcox E 30
alcoxe30
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 600,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 200,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 900,000
PEG-8 DIMETHICONE
PEG-8 DIMETHICONE


CAS Number: 212335-52-9
EC Number: 642-996-5
Molecular Formula: C22H54O5Si4
Chem/IUPAC Name: Silicones and siloxanes, dimethyl, hydropoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)methyl, trimethylsilyl terminated (8 mol EO average molar ratio)


PEG-8 Dimethicone is a water soluble nonionic dimethicone copolyol.
PEG-8 Dimethicone is clear liquid, HLB 10, molecular weight 5500.
PEG-8 Dimethicone has bland odor.
PEG-8 Dimethicone is water soluble.


PEG-8 Dimethicone has typical use level 1-5%.
PEG-8 Dimethicone adds to water phase of formulas but do not heat over 50°C/125°F.
PEG-8 Dimethicone can also be mixed into emulsions after the temperature dropped to 50°C/125°F.
PEG-8 Dimethicone is a water soluble nonionic dimethicone copolyol.


PEG-8 Dimethicone improves skin feel.
PEG-8 Dimethicone detackifies ingredients in formulas.
PEG-8 Dimethicone adds additional moisturization to surfactant systems (shampoos, cleansers, shower gels) due to emolliency properties.
PEG-8 Dimethicone adds slip to carbomer based formulas.


PEG-8 Dimethicone is a polyethylene glycol derivative of Dimethicone (q.v.) containing anaverage of 8 moles of ethylene oxide.
PEG-8 Dimethicone is a water soluble nonionic dimethicone copolyol.
PEG-8 Dimethicone is a water-soluble silicone (silicones are normally oil soluble) that makes your skin nice and smooth (aka emollient) and improves cushion, texture, and slip in the formula.


The water ratio of PEG-8 Dimethicone in the formula is in the range of 70-99% (meaning the proportion of silicone and all types of oil is 1-30%).
PEG-8 Dimethicone will make the formula thicker texture.
The 2014 Cosmetic Ingredient Review assessment looked at various beauty products containing 0.024%-5.6% PEG-8 Dimethicone and deemed this concentration range was safe for cosmetic use.


Typical use level 1-5%. Add to water phase of formulas but do not heat over 50°C/125°F.
Peg-8 Dimethicone is a silicone-based ingredient used in many personal care products.
With the same amount of PEG, the molecular weight of the silicone compound increases, the product changes from a wetting agent to an emulsifying agent, then to a conditioning agent, and finally to awater repellent.


This change is the direct result of the lowest free energy conformation or form, and if it is a molecule in water, it is related to the ease of rotation around the molecular backbone.
Peg-8 Dimethicone can be dissolved in silicone Or various oils.
Peg-8 Dimethicone can be stored at room temperature.


Dimethicone is reacted with polyoxyethylene to form PEG-8 dimethicone.
Peg-8 Dimethicone is a water-soluble nonionic dimethicone copolyol.
PEG-8 Dimethicone is a silicon-based polymer that combines with polietilenglicol.
Use of Peg-8 Dimethicone: Typical use level 1-5%.


Peg-8 Dimethicone adds to oil phase of formulas but do not heat over 50C/125F.
PEG-8 / PolyethyleneGlycol Dimethicone is a water-soluble silicone that makes your skin nice and smooth and improves cushion, texture, and slip in the formula.
Peg-8 Dimethicone gives more stable foams in soap.
PEG-8 dimethicone is a synthetic replenishing agent that has a softening effect on skin and hair.


Peg-8 Dimethicone is described as a clear liquid.
PEG-8 Dimethicone is water-Soluble Silicones for Fighting Frizz
Peg-8 Dimethicone is a synthetic skin and hair replenishing agent.
Peg-8 Dimethicone provides a unique skin feel.
Peg-8 Dimethicone provides unique emulsification properties (especially in invert emulsions).



USES and APPLICATIONS of PEG-8 DIMETHICONE:
Applications of PEG-8 Dimethicone: Creams, lotions, hair care products, shower gels, sun care, makeup.
PEG-8 Dimethicone is used as hair conditioner.
This group of ingredients includes materials which enhance the appearance and feel of hair, increase hair body or suppleness, facilitate styling, improve gloss or sheen and improve the texture of hair.


In hair fixative products PEG-8 Dimethicone supports flexible hold and rinseability.
This highly substantive product, PEG-8 Dimethicone, does not adversely affect foam or viscosity in shampoos while contributing to volumizing and improved comb through.
In skin and sun emulsions, the high molecular weight increase substantivity and creates a lubricious emollient feel while leaving the skin soft and smooth.


PEG-8 Dimethicone can also be mixed into emulsions after the temperature dropped to 50°C/125°F.
PEG-8 Dimethicone is used for external use only.
PEG-8 Dimethicone is used Creams, lotions, hair care products, shower gels, sun care, makeup.
PEG-8 Dimethicone is used synthetic replenishing agent that has a softening effect on skin and hair.


PEG-8 Dimethicone can be used as an oil-in-water emulsifier to enhance the overall texture of a formula.
PEG-8 Dimethicone may help to “detackify” ingredients in formulations.
PEG-8 Dimethicone adds moisture to surfactant-based products such as shampoos, body washes, and facial cleanser.
PEG-8 dimethicone is a synthetic replenishing agent that has a softening effect on skin and hair.


PEG-8 Dimethicone can also be used as an oil-in-water emulsifier to enhance the overall texture of a formula.
PEG-8 Dimethicone is found in a wide range of personal care products including facial creams, body lotions, hair care serums, and makeup.
PEG-8 Dimethicone combines water with oil and silicones, and can be used to form a serum or cream.
Peg-8 Dimethicone keeps all of the ingredients in a product from separating.


Peg-8 Dimethicone also gives these products a smooth, silky texture.
When applied to the skin or hair, Peg-8 Dimethicone creates a physical barrier to seal in hydration, keeping skin moisturized and hair frizz-free.
Peg-8 Dimethicone helps your makeup look even rather than cakey, and gives it a matte finish.


Peg-8 Dimethiconeis also noncomedogenic, meaning it won’t clog pores.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Dimethicone Copolyols are used in the formulation of hair sprays, wave sets, hair conditioners, shampoos, shaving products, and some make-up and care products.
The molecular weight of Peg-8 Dimethicone has a great impact on the properties of the compound as well as the wettabilityand irritation.


Peg-8 Dimethicone has wettability is a key, but often neglected aspect of cosmetic formulations.
If you put something in the air, applied to the skin, pigments and any other surface, the degree of wetting of the surface is critical to the efficacy of the formulation.
For products that function correctly, it is necessary to add low concentrations of silicone wetting agents.


Peg-8 Dimethicone serves as a conditioner and emollient that improves the skin feel pf products.
Peg-8 Dimethicone reduces the tackiness of ingredients in formulas, adds moisturization to surfactant systems, and adds slip to carbomer based formulas.
Peg-8 Dimethicone is a water-based binder with oil and silicone that can be used in all formulations.
Applications of Peg-8 Dimethicone: Creams, lotions, hair care products, shower gels, sun care, makeup.


Peg-8 Dimethicone improves skin feel, detackifies ingredients in formulations, adds additional moisturization to surfactant systems (shampoos, cleansers, shower gels) due to emolliency properties, adds slip to carbomer based formulas.
Due to emolliency properties, Peg-8 Dimethicone adds slip to carbomer based formulas.
Peg-8 Dimethicone can also be used as an oil-in-water emulsifier to enhance the overall texture of a formula.
Peg-8 Dimethicone is found in a wide range of personal care products including facial creams, body lotions, hair care serums, and makeup.


-Applications of Peg-8 Dimethicone in cosmetics:
*Hair Conditioning Agent
*Skin-Conditioning Agent - Miscellaneous.


-Cosmetic Uses of Peg-8 Dimethicone:
*hair conditioning
*skin conditioning
*skin conditioning - emollient


-Suggested Uses of Peg-8 Dimethicone:
*Creams
*Lotions
*Hair care products
*Shower gels
*Sun care
*makeup


-Cosmetics use of Peg-8 Dimethicone:
This is because of Peg-8 Dimethicone’s ability to smooth the appearance of fine lines and form a protective barrier.


-Moisturizers and creams use of Peg-8 Dimethicone:
Peg-8 Dimethicone forms a layer on the skin, thereby locking in hydration and decreasing water loss.
Peg-8 Dimethicone is used Shampoo, conditioner, and hairstyling products.


-Anti-itch products uses of Peg-8 Dimethicone:
Since Peg-8 Dimethicone helps moisturize skin and retain water, it can help soothe dry, itchy skin.



MANUFACTURE OF PEG-8 DIMETHICONE
Dimethicone is made from dimethyldichlorosilane which is produced by powdered silicon (silicone dioxide) and methyl chloride.
Dimethyldichlorosilane is then hydrolyzed to give a hydrolysate of polysiloxanes.
In a polymerization reaction with water the polysiloxanes are then polymerized to a linear silicone polymer (dimethicone).
Dimethicone is then further reacted with polyoxyethylene to form PEG-8 dimethicone.



BENEFITS OF PEG-8 DIMETHICONE:
*Improves skin feel
*Detackifies ingredients in formulas
*Adds additional moisturization to surfactant systems (shampoos, cleansers, shower gels) due to emolliency properties
*Adds slip to carbomer based formulas



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-8 DIMETHICONE:
*Emollient :
Softens and smoothes the skin
*Surfactant :
Reduces the surface tension of cosmetics and contributes to the even distribution of the product when it is used



WHAT DOES PEG-8 DIMETHICONE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Hair conditioning
*Skin conditioning



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PEG-8 DIMETHICONE:
Molecular Weight: 511.0
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 5
Rotatable Bond Count: 20
Exact Mass: 510.30483096
Monoisotopic Mass: 510.30483096
Topological Polar Surface Area: 57.2 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 31
Formal Charge: 0

Complexity: 458
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No

Appearance: Clear Liquid
Viscosity@25oC: 200 - 700 cps
Colour: Colourless to Yellow
Melting/Freezing Point: Not determined
Odour: Mild
Initial Boiling Point: >100o C @ 760 mmHg
Odour Threshold: Not determined
Boiling Range: Not determined
Flash Point: >200o C
Explosive Properties: No
Flammability: Not determined

Vapour Pressure @25oC: Not determined
Flammability Limits: Not determined
Vapour Density Not determined
Auto-ignition Temperature: Not determined
Partition Coefficient Not determined
Decomposition Temperature: Not determined
pH: Not determined
Specific Gravity @25oC: 1.07
Oxidising Properties: No
Solubility in Water: Dispersible to Insoluble
Evaporation Rate: Not determined



FIRST AID MEASURES of PEG-8 DIMETHICONE:
-Eyes:
No first aid should be needed.
If discomfort occurs, flush with water.
-Skin:
No first aid should be needed.
-Inhalation:
No first aid should be needed.
If discomfort occurs, remove to fresh air.
-Ingestion:
No first aid should be needed.
If discomfort occurs, obtain medical attention.



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PEG-8 DIMETHICONE:
-Personal Precautions and Protective Equipment:
Use personal protective equipment.
-Environmental Precautions:
Prevent from entering drains or water sources.
-Containment/Clean up:
Collect for disposal.
Clean up remaining materials from spill with suitable absorbent.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PEG-8 DIMETHICONE:
-Suitable Extinguishing Media:
Carbon dioxide, dry powder, foam, or water spray.
Water can be used to cool fire exposed containers.
-Unsuitable Extinguishing Media:
None known.
-Special Protective Actions for Fire-Fighters:
Use water spray to cool fire exposed containers.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PEG-8 DIMETHICONE:
-ENGINEERING CONTROLS:
*Local Ventilation:
None should be needed.
*General ventilation:
Recommended.
-PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT:
*Hand protection:
Gloves are not normally required.
*Eye protection:
Safety glasses should be worn.
*Skin protection:
Protective equipment is not normally required.
*Hygiene measures:
Observe good industrial hygiene practices.
Wash after handling.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PEG-8 DIMETHICONE:
-Handling Precautions:
Do not take internally.
Use with adequate ventilation.
Wash after handling.
Exercise good industrial hygiene practice.
-Storage Conditions:
Keep container tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PEG-8 DIMETHICONE:
-Chemical Stability:
Stable.
-Possibility of Hazardous Reactions:
Hazardous polymerization will not occur.
-Conditions to Avoid:
None known.



SYNONYMS:
Lauryl PEG-8 Dimethicone
212335-52-9
Siloxanes and Silicones, di-Me, 3-hydroxypropyl Me, ethoxylated
2-[(3-Dodecyl-1,1,3,5,5,7,7,7-octamethyltetrasiloxanyl)oxy]ethanol
2-[(3-Dodecyl-1,1,3,5,5,7,7,7-octamethyltetrasiloxanyl)oxy]ethanol
Ethanol, 2-[(3-dodecyl-1,1,3,5,5,7,7,7-octamethyltetrasiloxanyl)oxy]-

PEG-80 Glyceryl Cocoate
PEG-80 GLYCERYL COCOATE is classified as : Emulsifying Surfactant COSING REF No: 77478 Chem/IUPAC Name: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.''-1,2,3-propanetriyltris-.omega.-hydroxy-, monococonut acid ester (80 mol EO average molar ratio). poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.''-1,2,3-propanetriyltris-.omega.-hydroxy-, monococonut acid ester (80 mol EO average molar ratio) polyethylene glycol (80) glyceryl cocoate polyoxyethylene (80) glyceryl cocoate
PEG-8-STEARATE
Peg-8 stearate is a nonionic emulsifier in solid form, created through the esterification of vegetable oil-derived stearic acid with polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 400.
PEG-8 Stearate is a polyethylene glycol ester of stearic acid.


CAS Number: 9004-99-3
EC Number: 618-405-1
MDL Number: MFCD00148007
Chem/IUPAC Name: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-(1-oxooctadecyl)-.omega.-hydroxy- (8 mol EO average molar ratio)



SYNONYMS:
PEG-8 stearate,23-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21-heptaoxatricos-1-yl octadecanoate, Macrogol ester 400, Macrogol stearate 400, PEG 400 monostearate, POE (8) stearate Polyoxyl 8 stearate, MACROGOLSTEARATE400, Octadecanoic acid, 23-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21-heptaoxatricos-1-yl ester, PEG-8 Stearate, 70802-40-3, 2P9L47VI5E, Macrogol Stearate 400, PEG 8 STEARATE, Polyethylene Glycol 400 Monostearate, Polyoxyethylene (8) Monostearate, MACROGOL 8 STEARATE, MACROGOL ESTER 400, MACROGOL MONOSTEARATE 400, OCTAETHYLENE GLYCOL STEARATE, PEG-8 STEARATE (II), POLY(OXY-1,2-ETHANEDIYL), alpha-HYDRO-omega-HYDROXY-, OCTADECANOATE, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 400 STEARATE, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8 MONOSTEARATE, POLYOXYETHYLENE 400 STEARATE, POLYOXYL 400 STEARATE, POLYOXYL 8 STEARATE (USP-RS), Polyoxyl-8 Stearate, Polyoxyl 8 StearateLumulse™ 40-S K, MACROGOLSTEARATE400;Octadecanoic acid, 23-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21-heptaoxatricos-1-yl ester



PEG-8 Stearate is a polyethylene glycol ester of stearic acid.
Peg-8 stearate is the polyethylene glycol (that’s what “PEG” stands for) ester of stearic acid, a fatty acid made synthetically or derived from animals.
Peg-8 stearate acts as solid O/W emulsifier (non-ionic).


Saponifcaiton value of Peg-8 stearate is 83-92.
Peg-8 stearate is a nonionic emulsifier in solid form, created through the esterification of vegetable oil-derived stearic acid with polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 400.


Peg-8 stearate's pH of 3% aqueous solution is 6, HLB Value of 11.5.
Peg-8 stearate appears as a white solid.
Peg-8 stearate is oil-soluble and works well in nonaqueous systems.


Peg-8 stearate is the polyethylene glycol (that’s what “PEG” stands for) ester of stearic acid, a fatty acid made synthetically or derived from animals.
Usage levels of Peg-8 stearate in cosmetics range from 1–15%, depending on formulary needs.
Peg-8 stearate is considered safe as used in both rinse-off and leave-on cosmetics.


PEG stearate is made from stearic acid, a naturally occurring fatty acid.
The numerical value for each PEG stearate corresponds to the average number of ethylene oxide monomers in the polyethylene chain.
Polyethylene glycol ingredients may also be named by a number that represents their molecular weight, for example, polyethylene glycol (400) stearate is another name for Peg-8 stearate.


Peg-8 stearate may or may not be vegan.
Peg-8 stearate is a PEG compound of Stearic Acid, used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, surfactant, and humectant.
Stearic Acid can have animal or plant sources.


Peg-8 stearate is composed of PEG-8 Stearate.
Peg-8 stearate functions as an O/W-emulsifier.
Peg-8 stearate is suitable for skin care creams and lotions.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PEG-8-STEARATE:
Cosmetic Uses of Peg-8 stearate: humectants, surfactants, and surfactant - emulsifying
Recommended use level of Peg-8 stearate is 1-5%.
Peg-8 stearate is used for external use only.


Peg-8 stearate is used emulsions for skin and hair care products.
Peg-8 stearate’s used in cosmetics for its cleansing (surfactant) and emulsifying properties.
Usage levels of Peg-8 stearate in cosmetics range from 1–15%, depending on formulary needs.


Peg-8 stearate is considered safe as used in both rinse-off and leave-on cosmetics.
Peg-8 stearate is a non-ionic oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifier.
Peg-8 stearate is suitable for use in emulsions for skin- and hair care products.


Peg-8 stearate can be used as an excipient.
Peg-8 stearate is used pharmaceutical excipients, or pharmaceutical auxiliaries, refer to other chemical substances used in the pharmaceutical process other than pharmaceutical ingredients.


Peg-8 stearate is used pharmaceutical excipients generally refer to inactive ingredients in pharmaceutical preparations, which can improve the stability, solubility and processability of pharmaceutical preparations.
Peg-8 stearate is used pharmaceutical excipients also affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) processes of co-administered drugs.


Like other similar PEG esters, Peg-8 stearate is compatible with many amphoteric, anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants, allowing its use as primary and secondary emulsifiers.
Peg-8 stearate is manufactured to meet the Kosher requirements designated by the Orthodox Union (OU).


Peg-8 stearate’s used in cosmetics for its cleansing (surfactant) and emulsifying properties.
Peg-8 stearate is used in cosmetics/personal care products and as excipient in pharmaceutical applications.
Peg-8 stearate is used for external use only.


Peg-8 stearate is a PEG ester of stearic acid PEG-8 stearate uses and applications include: Emulsifier, lubricant, dispersant, leveling agent, solubilizer, viscous control agent, emollient in cosmetics, topical pharmaceuticals, textiles, paints, other industrial uses; surfactant, humectant in cosmetics; plastics antistat; emulsifier, stabilizer in foods, bakery products; in paperpaperboard in contact with aqueousfatty foods; defoamer in food-contact coatings; in cellophane for food packaging; in surfactant lubricants for manufacturing of food-contact metallic articles


Peg-8 stearate used in cosmetics for its cleansing (surfactant) and emulsifying properties.
Usage levels of Peg-8 stearate in cosmetics range from 1–15%, depending on the formulary.
Peg-8 stearate is an emulsifier and cleansing agent made from stearic acid


Peg-8 stearate improves product stability
Peg-8 stearate is often used in blends with fatty alcohols and acids
Peg-8 stearate may be synthetic or animal-derived needs.


Peg-8 stearate is considered safe as used in both rinse-off and leave-on cosmetics.
Peg-8 stearate acts as solid O/W emulsifier (non-ionic).
Saponifcaiton value of Peg-8 stearate is 83-92.


Recommended use level of Peg-8 stearate is 1-5%.
Peg-8 stearate is used emulsions for skin and hair care products


-Peg-8 stearate can be used as an excipient.
*Pharmaceutical excipients, or pharmaceutical auxiliaries, refer to other chemical substances used in the pharmaceutical process other than pharmaceutical ingredients.

*Pharmaceutical excipients generally refer to inactive ingredients in pharmaceutical preparations, which can improve the stability, solubility and processability of pharmaceutical preparations. *Pharmaceutical excipients also affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) processes of co-administered drugs



INDUSTRY OF PEG-8 STEARATE:
*Cosmetic ,
*Industrial ,
*Pharmaceutical ,
*Textiles ,
*Plastics



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-8 STEARATE:
*Surfactant ,
*Emulsifier ,
*Acid ,
*Dispersant ,
*Stabilizer ,
*Lubricant



SAFETY OF PEG-8 STEARATE:
Peg-8 stearate can be safely used in cosmetics without restrictions. Cosmetic Ingredient Review:
The safety of Peg-8 stearate (but also PEG-2, -6, -12, -20, -32, -40, -50, -100, -150) Stearate has been assessed.
Studies have shown that they can minimally irritate the skin and eyes at a concentration of 100%.
PEG stearates are safe for use in cosmetics.



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-8 STEARATE:
*Emulsifying agent:
Peg-8 stearate promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying the interfacial tension (water and oil)

*Humectant:
Peg-8 stearate maintains the water content of a cosmetic in its packaging and on the skin

*Surfactant:
Peg-8 stearate reduces the surface tension of cosmetics and contributes to the uniform distribution of the product during use



WHAT DOES PEG-8 STEARATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Emulsifying
*Humectant
*Surfactant



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-8 STEARATE:
*Emulsifying :
Peg-8 stearate promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying the interfacial tension (water and oil)

*Humectant :
Peg-8 stearate maintains water content of a cosmetic both in its packaging and on the skin

*Surfactant :
Peg-8 stearate reduces the surface tension of cosmetics and contributes to the even distribution of the product when it is used



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-8 STEARATE:
*Humectant
*Detergent
*Emulsifier
*Emulsifying Agent
*Humectant
*Surfactant



PEG-8 STEARATE AT A GLANCE:
*An emulsifier and cleansing agent made from stearic acid
*Improves product stability
*Often used in blends with fatty alcohols and acids
*May be synthetic or animal-derived



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-8 STEARATE IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS:
*HUMECTANT
Peg-8 stearate holds and retains moisture in cosmetic products

*SURFACTANT - CLEANSING
Surface-active agent to clean skin, hair and / or teeth

*SURFACTANT - EMULSIFYING
Peg-8 stearate allows the formation of finely dispersed mixtures of oil and water (emulsions)



WHAT IS IT?
Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Stearates (PEG-2 Stearate, PEG-6 Stearate, PEG-8 Stearate, PEG-12 Stearate, PEG-20 Stearate, PEG-32 Stearate, PEG-40 Stearate, PEG-50 Stearate, PEG-100 Stearate, PEG-150 Stearate) are esters of polyethylene glycol and stearic acid.
The PEG Stearates are soft to waxy solids that are white to tan in color.
In cosmetics and personal care products, PEG Stearates are used in skin creams, conditioners, shampoos, body cleansers and soapless detergents.



WHY IS IT USED?
The PEG Stearates clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away.



SCIENTIFIC FACTS:
The PEG Stearates are produced from stearic acid, a naturally occurring fatty acid.
The numerical value of each PEG Stearate corresponds to the average number of ethylene oxide monomers in the polyethylene chain.
Polyethylene glycol ingredients may also be named with a number that indicates molecular weight, for example polyethylene glycol (400) stearate is another name for PEG-8 Stearate.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PEG-8-STEARATE:
Appearance: Cream waxy paste (est)
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 438.40 °C @ 760.00 mm Hg (estimated); 662.8°C predicted
Flash Point: 328.00 °F TCC (164.60 °C) (estimated); 187.7°C predicted
logP (o/w): 7.629 (estimated); XlogP3-AA: 7.80 (estimated)
Soluble in: Alcohol, methanol, acetone, ether, ethyl acetate
Molecular Weight: 636.90796 g/mol
Molecular Formula: C34H68O10
CAS Numbers: 70802-40-3 (specific), 9004-99-3 (generic)
Density: 1.002 g/cm3 (predicted)
FDA UNII: 2P9L47VI5E
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: PEG-8 Stearate



FIRST AID MEASURES of PEG-8-STEARATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PEG-8-STEARATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PEG-8-STEARATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PEG-8-STEARATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PEG-8-STEARATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: 2 - 8 °C



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PEG-8-STEARATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available


PEG-90
Peg-90 is a polymer of ethylene oxide.
Peg-90 is polyethylene glycol, a polymer of ethylene glycol.
Peg-90 is a very light, water-soluble, non-ionic polymer compatible with many other ingredients used in cosmetic products.


CAS Number: 25322-68-3
EC Number: 500-038-2
Chem/IUPAC Name: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-, (90 mol EO average molar ratio)


Peg-90 functions as a texture enhancing ingredient and formulary stabilizer.
Peg-90 is water soluble, very mild, nonionic polymer compatible with most personal care ingredients.
Resistant to bacterial erosion, moisture absorption in the atmosphere is weak.


Peg-90 is a mixture of ethylene oxide and water polycondensation.
Peg-90 is soluble in water.
Peg-90 is store at room temperature.


Peg-90 is white granular.
Peg-90 adds lubricity to a formulation and has excellent film forming properties.
Further, Peg-90 is generally vegan unless it is derived from animal sources.


A polymer of ethylene oxide, Peg-90 is derived by reacting ethylene oxide with water.
Peg-90 is a polyethylene glycol having white to off white color and available in solid flakes or powder form.
Peg-90 is used as a base in the formulation of soap sticks.


Peg-90 has low glycol content and higher crystalinity.
Peg-90 can be catalyzed using basic or acidic catalysts.
Peg-90 is a milled PEG excipient grade powder product, produced under IPEC GMP conditions.


Peg-90 supports the homogeneous mixing with other materials within production.
Peg-90 is hygroscopic.
Peg-90 is water soluble and also soluble in many organic solvents like aromatic hydrocarbons.


Peg-90 can blend with other PEG molecular weights to achieve the desired viscosity properties.
Peg-90 is quite stable and does not support microbial growth, even in aqueous solutions.
Ultrapure white crystals for molecular biology applications such as precipitation of DNA, nucleic acids, hybridization and fusion of mammalian cells.


Peg-90 is suitable as a medium for the fusion of mammalian cells.
Peg-90 has a wide range of uses including cell fusion for the formation of hybridomas, precipitation of DNA, and to create macromolecular crowding in solutions.


Peg-90 is a polymer of ethylene oxide.
Peg-90 is soluble in water and polar organic solvents like acetone or methanol.
Peg-90 is insoluble in pure hydrocarbons.


Peg-90 shows typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols and a very low evaporation rate.
Peg-90 is compatible with hard water, cellulose, polyester, rubber, elastomer and polyurethane.
Peg-90 is a solid in powder form.


Peg-90 is a water-soluble, waxy solid that is used extensively in the several industries.
Peg-90 is soluble in water, soluble in some organic solvents.
The solution has high viscosity at low concentration, and Peg-90 can be processed by calendering, extrusion, casting, etc.


Peg-90 is a thermoplastic resin with good compatibility with other resins.
Ultrapure white crystals for molecular biology applications such as precipitation of DNA, nucleic acids, hybridization and fusion of mammalian cells.
Working concentrations of Peg-90 range from 13% to 40% (w/v).


Peg-90 is a water-soluble ionic polymer of ethylene oxide.
Sterilize the solution by passing Peg-90 through a 0.22-μm filter.
Peg-90 stores the solution at room temperature.


Peg-90 can be found as an additional product in the food industry or packaging technology as an additional additive and adhesive.
Peg-90 is suitable for paints and coatings.
Peg-90 is a non-volatile solvent, release agent, lubricant and plasticizer.


Peg-90 shows typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols and a very low evaporation rate.
Peg-90 is soluble in water and polar organic solvents like acetone or methanol.
Peg-90 is a solid in powder form.


Peg-90 is specified according to the requirements of the main international ICH guidelines and monographs.
The molecular formula is expressed as HO(CH2CH2O)nH, where n represents the average number of oxyethylene groups.
Peg-90 is a colorless or almost colorless viscous liquid, or a translucent waxy soft object; slightly odorless.


On being incorporated into networks by crosslinking, Peg-90 can have high water content, forming “hydrogels”.
Hydrogel formation can be initiated by either crosslinking it by ionizing radiation or by covalent crosslinking of Peg-90 macromers with reactive chain ends.


Peg-90 is soluble in water (500 g/l at 20° C), aromatic hydrocarbons (very soluble), aliphatic hydrocarbons (slightly soluble), and organic solvents.
Prepare the appropriate concentration by dissolving Peg-90 in sterile H2O, warming if necessary.
Peg-90 has a water soluble, very light, nonionic polymer that is compatible with most personal care materials.


Peg-90 has very low water content and outstanding toxicological safety.
Peg-90 is compatible with hard water, cellulose, polyester, rubber, elastomer and polyurethane.
Peg-90 is soluble in water or ethanol, insoluble in ether.


Peg-90, a hydrophilic polymer, is easily synthesized by the anionic ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide, into a range molecular weights and variety of end groups.
Peg-90 adds lubricity to a formulation and has excellent film-forming properties.


Use a concentration of Peg-90 0.1-1%.
Peg-90 is a yellowish wax-like solid at room temperature.
Peg-90 is a non-volatile solvent, release agent, lubricant and plasticizer.


Peg-90 shows typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols and a very low evaporation rate.
Peg-90 is a polyethylene glycol-based solvent, humectant and plasticizer.
Peg-90 possesses very low water content and good solubility in water.


The physical and chemical properties of polyethylene glycols are mainly determined by the two hydroxyl end groups, the ether groups as well as the molecular weight.
Peg-90 is a water-soluble ingredient that acts as a great solvent in the formulations that it is used in.


Peg-90 acts as a solvent and plasticizer.
Peg-90 shows typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols and a very low evaporation rate.
Peg-90 is a yellow solid in fine powder form.


Peg-90 basically stands for polyethylene glycol, which means an ethylene glycol polymer.
Therefore, Peg-90 consists of 90,000 units of ethylene glycol monomers that are attached to the chain.
Peg-90 is a very effective ingredient and is quite compatible with the others used in a product.


The chemical formula of Peg-90 is H(OCH2CH2)nOH.
Peg-90 is insoluble in pure hydrocarbons.
Peg-90 is compatible with cellulose, rubber, polyester and polyurethane.
Peg-90 is Suitable for use in papers, adhesives and sealants.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PEG-90:
Peg-90 can attract water molecules and make them available for skin or hair.
For this reason, Peg-90 is used as a binder, emulsifier and viscosity controller in cosmetic products.
The various reactive molecules Peg-90 contains make it a good stabilizer for any product.


Peg-90 is also used to precipitate bacteriophage from lysed cell supernatants.
In fabricating elastomers, Peg-90 can be used as a lubricant and mold releasing agent.
In pharmaceuticals, Peg-90 can function as a tablet and capsule lubricant.


Peg-90 are also used as binder and dry lubricant for manufacturer of pills and tablets for certain pharmaceutical products.
Peg-90 helps to calm other reactive groups in various ingredients and thus provides stability throughout the shelf life.
Research or further manufacturing, Peg-90 is used only, not for food or drug use.


Peg-90 is widely used as a mould release agents and lubricants for rubber industry.
Peg-90 is also used to preserve objects that have been retrieved from the ocean.
Peg-90 can be easily applied and removed since they are water-soluble.


As an emulsifier, Peg-90 prevents the separation of water and oil-based components from each other.
This is especially useful when Peg-90 is subject to any temperature or humidity changes.
Peg-90 is used as matrix in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry to regulate viscosity and melting point.


Peg-90 is used as lubricant and coolant in rubber and metal processing industry, dispersant and emulsifier in pesticide and pigment industry production.
Peg-90 is generally used in the precipitation of phage.
Peg-90 is used for the isolation of plasmid DNA and the precipitation of phage.


Peg-90 is used as antistatic agent and lubricant in textile industry.
Peg-90 also acts as a binder and allows all components of the product to stick and bond together.
Additionally, photopolymerized Peg-90 hydrogels have emerging applications in the fabrication of bioactive and immune-isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.


Peg-90 is a suitable compound with a wide scope in biological applications since Polyethylene glycol 8000 does not elicit any immune responses.
Peg-90 is a very acceptable binder with minimal cross-reactivity, so the desired thickness can be achieved.
Viscosity is a critical factor for any product, too viscous or too watery, which may not only make the product seem unacceptable, but also not customer friendly.


Peg-90 is a safe solvent and carrier for use in cosmetics can act as a solvent in many substances.
Peg-90 is also a secure carrier.
Peg-90 is also used as a fusogen (induces cell hybridization) to obtain hybridomas for monoclonal antibody production.


Peg-90 is used as Reactant: Reactive diol/polyether component in polyester or polyurethane resins
Peg-90 is used as Solvent / Humectant / Plasticizer: Paper, wood, cellulose films, inks, paints, coatings, adhesives, and sealants, concrete.
Peg-90 is used to achieve acceptable viscosity.


Peg-90 is used as mold release agent and lubricant in fabricating elastomers.
Peg-90 is a safe solvent and carrier for use in cosmetics can act as a solvent in many substances.
Peg-90 is also a secure carrier.


Peg-90 is often used in shampoos, conditioners, creams, lotions, and other skin and hair care products.
Recommended use level of Peg-90 0.1-1%.
Peg-90 is used for external use only.


In gas chromatography, Peg-90 is used as a polar stationary phase.
Peg-90 finds application in blood banking as a potentiator, which is used to detect antigens and antibodies.
Peg-90 is used skin and hair care products, color cosmetics.


Peg-90 has been shown to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides for enhanced solubility.
Peg-90 is vastly used for the isolation of plasmid DNA and the precipitation of phage.
Peg-90 is used in many products in cosmetics.


Peg-90 possesses very low water content and good solubility in water.
Peg-90 is used Washing powders and tabs, Dissolving aids, Tabletting and granulation auxiliaries, Binding agents, and Toilet blocks.
Peg-90 provides slipperiness.


Peg-90 increases dispersion and foaming effectiveness.
Peg-90 is often used as a polar stationary phase for Gas Chromatorgraphy.
Peg-90 is commonly also used in mass spec experiments.


As a dispersant, Peg-90 is used in toothpastes.
Peg-90 is used in products such as shaving products, jelly, shampoo, liquid soap.
For a solvent to be considered useful in any product, Peg-90 must have certain properties.


Peg-90 has all the properties suitable for the ideal solvent.
Peg-90 is used Binder for ceramics, Component of auxiliaries for fiber, textile and leather processing, and Heat transfer medium.
Peg-90 is a polyethylene glycol-based solvent, humectant and plasticizer.


Peg-90 is used Laboratory chemicals, Manufacture of substances, Adhesives, Ceramic Binder, Chemical Intermediates, Detergents and Household Cleaners, Dye Carrier, Lubricants, Mining, Mold Release Agent, Plasticizer, Wood Treating, Rubber, Textile, Paper, Metal, Wood, Pharmaceutical, Cosmetics, and Coating.
Peg-90 is thus used in a variety of products such as shampoos, lotions, and other cosmetic formulations.


Peg-90 is used as Release agent: Lubricant mould release agent for rubber and elastomer processing, lubricant formulations, metal working fluids.
Peg-90 fulfils multiple functions when added to cosmetic, skin care, and hair care products.
In cosmetics, Peg-90 is used as an emulsion stabilizer to increase the viscosity of the product.


Peg-90 is used Hair Conditioner, Cleaning Agent, Bath Oils, Tablets & Salts, Hair Styling Products, Detanglers, Antiperspirants & Deodorants, Anti-Aging Products, Cosmetics, Detergents in the form of tablets, Production of packaging, Metalworking, Construction industry, Textile industry, Processing of plastics and elastomers, Production of ceramics, and Coatings.


Peg-90 is a compound used to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides to increase their solubility.
Peg-90 are produced to meet the requirements for use under Food Additive Regulations for indirect use as components of articles intended for use in contact with food.


Peg-90 is mainly added to personal hygiene and skin care products.
Peg-90 can be present in deodorants, detergents, shampoos or make-up.
The maximum safe recommended percentage concentration in the final product of Peg-90 is 1%.


In cosmetics, Peg-90 is used as an emulsion stabilizer to increase the viscosity of the product.
In pharmaceutical industry, Peg-90 is used as tablet and capsule lubricant.
Peg-90 is also used in the fabrication of bioactive and immuno isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.


Peg-90 that has wide application ranging from industrial manufacturing and medicine.
Peg-90 is mainly added to personal hygiene and skin care products.
Peg-90 is used as a solvent (solvent) or a conductor (carrier) in all kinds of cosmetics.


Peg-90's high molecular weight mainly prompts its use in pharmaceutical formulations as solvent for oral, topical and parenteral preparations.
Crystallization grade Peg-90 for formulating screens or for optimization.
Peg-90 is used in the modification of therapeutic proteins and peptides to enhance its solubility.


Peg-90 can be present in deodorants, detergents, shampoos or make-up.
The polyethylene glycol polymers are used in a wide variety of products including bath products, shaving products, skin care products, makeup, skin cleansing products, shampoo, hair conditioners and deodorants.


PEG has excellent lubricity, moisturizing, dispersion, adhesion, can be used as an antistatic agent and softener, and has a wide range of applications in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, chemical fiber, rubber, plastics, papermaking, paint, electroplating, pesticides, metal processing and food processing industries.


PEG is widely used in various fields, from industrial manufacturing to medicine.
Polyethylene glycol is a polymer with the chemical formula HO (CH2CH2O)nH, non-irritating, slightly bitter taste, good water solubility, and good compatibility with many organic components.


PEG has excellent lubricity, moisturizing, dispersion, adhesion, can be used as an antistatic agent and softener, and has a wide range of applications in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, chemical fiber, rubber, plastics, papermaking, paint, electroplating, pesticides, metal processing and food processing industries.


-Hair care:
Peg-90 helps rebuild the thickness of the shafts and also improves the texture.
Peg-90 aids in reducing frizz by providing intense hydration and moisture to the hair.
Peg-90 leaves the hair shinier and overall healthier


-Usage areas of Peg-90:
*Degreasers
mineral oil emulsifier
*Lubricating and antistatic in textile yarn oils
*Pigment printing thickener and emulsifier
*Pigment dispersion
ink organic pigment dispenser
*Pesticide (pesticide, herbicide, fungicide) emulsifier
*Mold release agents
*Metalworking fluids
*Wetting and dispersing in inks and coatings
viscosity adjuster
*In defoamer prescriptions
*Regulator and binder in latex paints
*Dispersant, wetting agent and binder in water and solvent based coatings
*Emulsifier, moisturizer in cosmetic products
*Blend oil emulsifiers


-Medical uses of Peg-90:
*Widely used in pharmaceutical formulations.
*Used as the basis of a number of laxatives.
*Used as an excipient in many pharmaceutical products.
*Possibly used to fuse axons.
*Used to synthetic lubricant.
*Used as solvent to prepare water-soluble drugs.
*Used to modify medical polymer materials.
*Used as linkers for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).
*Used as a surface coating on nanoparticles to improve systemic drug delivery.
*Frequently used in many biomedical applications, including but not limited to bioconjugation, drug delivery, surface functionalization and tissue engineering.


-Application of Peg-90:
*body cosmetics (creams, toothpastes, foundations, masks, coloring creams)
*hair cosmetics (sprays, gels, conditioners and dyes)
*preparations used after tanning
*binder for soaps
*fixative for fragrances
*tire production
*additive to flexographic inks
*wood processing


-Peg-90 is a polyethylene glycol that is used for a wide variety of applications including:
*Reactive diol/polyether component in polyester or polyurethene resins
*Component of auxiliaries for leather and textile processing
*Cosmetic / pharmaceutical formulations (e.g. humectant or solubilizer for creams, shampoos, tooth paste)
*Lubricant and mould release agent for rubber, plastic and elastomer processing
*Plasticizer and binder for ceramic and concrete manufacturing
*Component of lubricant formulations
*Water soluble, lubricating component in metalworking fluids
*Humectant for paper, wood and cellulose films
*Solvent and humectant for dyes and inks
*Modifier for production of regenerated viscoses
*Humectant and plasticizer for adhesives.


-Skin care:
Peg-90 controls the viscosity of formulations, improving the texture and spreadability.
Peg-90 also keeps the surface of the skin hydrated by locking the moisture on the top most layer of the skin


-Chemical uses of Peg-90:
*Used as lubricating coating for various surfaces.
*Used to create high osmotic pressure.
*Used to passivate microscope slides.
*Used to preserve objects salvaged from underwater.
*Used to preserve the color of painting.
*Used as heat transfer fluid in electronic testers.
*Used as the polar stationary phase of gas chromatography.
*Used as an internal calibration compound in mass spectrometry experiments.


-Biological uses of Peg-90:
*Used as a crowding agent in vitro to simulate highly crowded cellular conditions.
*Used as a precipitant for plasmid DNA isolation and protein crystallization.
*Used for cell fusion.
*Used for virus concentratation.
*Used to coat gene therapy vectors to protect them from inactivation by the immune system.
*Used to package siRNA for in vivo use.
*Used as a potentiator to enhance detection of antigens and antibodies in blood banking.
*Used in the functioning ion channels diameter studies to block ion channel conductance.


-Peg-90 resins are high molecular weight homopolymers of ethylene oxide via heterogeneously catalyzed ring-opening polymerization.
Usually can be divided into the relative molecular mass of 2 × 1 04 above and tens of thousands of above, the former is called polyethylene glycol, the latter is called polyethylene oxide.
Polyethylene oxide with flocculation, thickening, slow release, lubrication, dispersion, retention, water retention and other properties, suitable for medicine, fertilizer, paper, ceramics, detergents, cosmetics, heat treatment, water treatment, fire, oil exploitation and other industries, the product is non-toxic and non-irritating, and will not remain, deposit or breed volatile matter in the process of product generation.
As a papermaking additive, the retention rate of the filler and the fine fiber can be improved, and the dispersant is particularly suitable for the long fiber, and the beating time can be shortened.


-Cosmetic products:
Peg-90 helps improve the texture of the products and gives them a smooth silky appearance.
Peg-90 works well with almost all the other ingredients in a formulation and binds them


-The kinetic of the ligation in the cloning of DNA-fragments into bacteriophage M13-vectors can be improved by the inclusion of 5% Peg-90.
Especially for the cloning with 'blunt-ended' DNA, the concentration of 'blunt'-DNA-ends plays a crucial role for the successful cloning.
Substances, that increase the so-called 'macromolecular crowding' and condense DNA molecules into aggregates, concentrate the
DNA and increase the possibility, that DNA ends will meet and thereby improve the cloning result.
So, the DNA and enzyme concentration can be reduced.
Besides, such substances reduce the intramolecular ligation (religation).
For 'blunt end' cloning the recommended Polyethylene glycol 8000 concentration is 15%.
Stock solutions of Peg-90 (40%) are prepared with deionized water and stored at -20°C in small aliquots.


-Commercial use of Peg-90:
*Shampoos
*Soaps
*Deodorants
*Makeup



WHY IS PEG-90 USED IN COSMETICS AND PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS?
The following functions have been reported for these ingredients.
*Binder
*Emulsion stabilizer
*Humectant
*Solvent
*Viscosity increasing agent – aqueous



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-90:
*surfactant,
*emulsifier



CHARACTERISTIC OF PEG-90:
. Highly compatible to various kinds of organic compounds.
. High boiling point.
. Easy control of the degree of condensation.
. Controllable hygroscopic property.
. Less toxicity, PEG is characterized by less toxicity and less skin irritation.
. There is no damage in case of contact with skin or lips.



WHAT DOES PEG-90 DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Solvent
*Viscosity controlling



FUNCTIONS OF PEG-90:
*Humectant:
Peg-90 maintains the water content of a cosmetic in its packaging and on the skin
*Solvent:
Peg-90 dissolves other substances



BENEFITS OF PEG-90:
*safe, non-toxic substance
*unlimited solubility in water
*has hygroscopic properties
*binder
*protects against excessive moisture absorption
*stable in hard water
*it has solubilizing, softening, lubricating and moisturizing properties
*biodegradable



PRODUCT TYPE of PEG-90:
*Humectants
*Plasticizers
*Solvents > Glycols & Glycol Ethers > Ethylene Glycols
*Lubricants / Waxes
*Other Additives for Liquid Systems > Solvents > Glycols
*Plasticizers
*Release Agents



ALTERNATIVES OF PEG-90:
*GLYCERIN



BENEFITS of PEG-90:
-Good solubility in water
-Very low water content
-Compatible with hard water
-Non-volatile
-Outstanding toxicological safety



FUNCTION of PEG-90:
-Binder
-Carrier
-Anti-Static Agent
-Moisturizing Agent
-Humectant
-Plasticizer
-Solvent
-Solubilizer
-Slip Agent
-Viscosity Modifier



WHAT IS PEG?
Triethylene Glycol and other polyethylene glycols (PEG-4, PEG-6, PEG-7, PEG-8, PEG-9, PEG-10, PEG-12, PEG-14, PEG-16, PEG-18, PEG-20, PEG-32, PEF-33, PEG-40, PEG-45, PEG-55, PEG-60, PEG-75, PEG-80, PEG-90, PEG-100, PEG-135, PEG-150, PEG-180, PEG-200, PEG-220, PEG-240, PEG-350, PEG-400, PEG-500, PEG-800, PEG-2M, PEG-5M, PEG-7M, PEG-9M, PEG-14M, PEG-20M, PEG-23M, PEG-25M, PEG-45M, PEG-65M, PEG-90M, PEG-115M, PEG-160M, PEG-180M) are polymers of ethylene glycol.

The number in the name represents the average number of ethylene glycol units.
The letter associated with the number stands for 1000, so PEG-25M has an average of 25,000 units of ethylene glycol.
Different molecular weight polyethylene glycol has different morphology.

Polyethelene glycol (PEG) is a synthetic, hydrophilic, biocompatible polyether, which is consist of a (−O−CH2−CH2−) backbone.
Its structure is commonly expressed as H−(O−CH2−CH2)n−OH.
Depending on the molecular weight, PEG is also known as polyoxyethylene (POE) or polyethylene oxide (PEO).

PEGs can be synthesized in linear, branched, Y-shaped, or multi-arm geometries.
PEGs can be activated by replaing the terminal hydroxyl end group with various reactive functional end groups enabling crosslinking and conjugation chemistries.
Polyethylene glycol is a polymer with the chemical formula HO (CH2CH2O)nH.



PEG (ETHYLENE GLYCOL) ESTERS:
*PEG 200, PEG 300, PEG 400, PEG 600 Mono and Dioleate
*PEG 200, PEG 300, PEG 400, PEG 600 Mono and dicocoate
*PEG 200, PEG 300, PEG 400, PEG 600 Mono and dilaurate
*PEG 200, PEG 300, PEG 400, PEG 600 Mono and di tall oil fatty acid

Polyethylene glycol esters composed of polyethylene glycol (peg) and fatty acid have various lipophilic-hydrophilic values depending on different peg and fatty acid molecular weights.

Depending on this value, they ensure that water can be emulsified in oil or oil in water.
*Emulsifying oils
*Wetting and lubrication
*Biodegradability
*low toxicity
*not foaming
*Antistatic.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PEG-90:
CAS: 25322-68-3
INCI name: PEG-90M
Features:
Appearance: white powder
PH: 6-8 (5% solution)
Melting point: 65-67°C
Specific gravity: 1.15 @ 25°c
Solubility in water: soluble
Molecular Weight: 190 - 210 g/mol
pH-5% in aq @ 25°C: 4.5 - 7.5 pH
Color: 25 max PtCo
Water: 0.5 max wt%
Acidity, as Acetic Acid: 0.02 max wt%
Viscosity @ 210 °F (99°C): 4.0 - 4.8 cSt
Physical State: Liquid
Odour: None / mild
Boiling Point: > 200 (decompose) °C
Melting Point: -65 °C
Solubility in Water: @ 20 °C 100 wt%
Chemical Formula: H(0CH2CH2)nOH
CAS#: 25322-68-3
Formula Weight: Not available
RTECS#: TQ3500000
Apperance: Liquid
Color: Clear
Odor: Mild
Boiling Point: 98.89° C / 210° F
Melting Point: Not available
Specific Gravity (H2O = 1): 1.12
Solubility in Water: 100% by weight

Molecular Formula: N/A
Density: 1.27g/mLat 25°C
Melting Point: 64-66°C
Boling Point: >250°C
Flash Point: 270 °C
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
Solubility: Slightly hygroscopic.
It melts easily when heated.
Soluble in water and ethanol
Vapor Presure: Vapor Density: >1 (vs air)
Appearance: waxy solid
Specific Gravity: 1.128
Color: White to very pale yellow
Maximum wavelength(λmax): ['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.6', 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.3']
Merck: 14,7568
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.469
MDL: MFCD00081839
Density: 1.125
melting point: -65°C
refractive index: 1.458-1.461
flash point: 171°C



FIRST AID MEASURES of PEG-90:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact: rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PEG-90:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Take up dry.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PEG-90:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture:
Nature of decomposition products not known.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PEG-90:
-Control parameters:
Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PEG-90:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Stored at room temperature.
But close the lid of the bottle tightly.
The product has a shelf life of at least 2 years.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PEG-90:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions: No data available



SYNONYMS:
PEG
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Polyethyleneglycol 8000
Macrogol 8000
Macrogols 8000
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Polyethyleneglycol 8000
PEG 8k
Polyethylene glycol
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Polyethylene glycol
polyethylene oxide standard 511000
Poly(ethylene oxide)
macrogol
poly(oxyethylene)
Polyethylene glycol PEG
Aquacide III
PEG 1000
PEG 6000, MB Grade (1.12033)
Ethylene glycol 8000 polymer
Polyethyleneglycol
Polyethylene Glycol 5000000
PolyethyleneoxideMW
PEG 200-8000
Tri-(2,3-Dibromopropyl) Phosphate
Polyethylene glycol - 6000 grade
PEG 200
PEG 400
PEG 6000
Poly(ethylene oxide)
PEO
PEG 600
Polyethyleneoxidemonomethacryloxymonotrimethylsiloxyterminated
O-Methacryloxy(polyethyleneoxy)trimethylsilane
PEG
Poly ethylene glycol
Carmowax
carbowax
PEG 8000
Polyethylene glycol series
Polyethylene Glycol
Polyethylene glygcol

PEG-90M
Synonyms: peg-90000 poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-, (90,000 mol EO average molar ratio) polyethylene glycol (90,000) polyoxyethylene (90,000) CAS Number 25322-68-3
PEKTIN
SYNONYMS 2,5-Dimethoxy-benzoesaeure; gentisic acid dimethyl ether; Pentose; Dimethylaethergentisinsaeure; 6-methoxy-m-anisic acid; 2,5-dimethoxy-benzoic acid; 2,5-bis-methoxybenzoic acid; GENU Pectin USP-H; 2,5-dimethoxylbenzoic acid; polygalacturonic acid; Benzoic acid,2,5-dimethoxy; CAS NO:9000-69-5
PELARGONIC ACID
SYNONYMS 1-Octanecarboxylic acid; n-Pelargonic Acid; Nonanoic Acid; 1-octanecarboxylic Acid; Nonylic Acid; Acide Nonylique Normal; Acide Pelargonique; Hexacid C-9; Octane-1-carboxylic Acid; Pelargic Acid CAS : 112-05-0
Pentadecanedioic Acid
Pentadecanedioic Acid; 1,15-Pentadecanedioic Acid; 1,13-Tridecanedicarboxylic acid; Pentadecandisäure; ácido pentadecanodioico; Acide péntadecanedioïque; n-Tridecane-omega,omega'-dicarboxylic acid; Pentadecane-1, 15-dioic Acid; n-Tridecane-omega,omega'-dicarboxylic acid; cas no: 1460-18-0
PENTAERYTHRITOL
Pentaerythritol is used in making the explosive pentaerythritoltrinitrate and in producingresins and other organicproducts.
Pentaerythritol is a white crystalline solid.
Pentaerythritol is a tetrol that is neopentane in which one of the methyl hydrogens of all four methyl groups are replaced by hydroxy groups.

CAS: 115-77-5
MF: C5H12O4
MW: 136.15
EINECS: 204-104-9

Pentaerythritol is a chemical intermediate used in the production of explosives, plastics, paints, appliances, and cosmetics.
Pentaerythritol has a role as a flame retardant and a laxative.
Pentaerythritol is a primary alcohol and a tetrol.
Pentaerythritol derives from a hydride of a neopentane.
White crystal powder.
Pentaerythritol was first found in 1882 by Tollens, and is colorless tetragonal crystal double tetrahedral crystal precipitated from dilute hydrochloric acid.
The relative molecular mass is 136.15.
Relative density is 1.399.
Melting point is 262 oC (industrial products containing 10%~15% Dipentaerythritol, melting point is 180~225 oC).

The boiling point is 276 oC (4.00 x 103 pa).
The refractive index is 1.54~1.56.
Slowly soluble in cold water, soluble in hot water, insoluble in carbon tetrachloride, ethyl ether, benzene, petroleum ether, ethanol, acetone, solubility at 25 oC (g/100 g) in water, methanol, ethanol, butylamine, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanolamine are 0.75, 7.23, 0.33, 16, 16.5 4.5, respectively.
1 g of dipentaerythritol can soluble in 18 ml of water at 15 oC.
Pentaerythritol will polymerize when heated to above melting point, and generates a shrinkage second shrinkage e four season three pentaerythritol, etc.
Stability in the air.

The hydroxyl groups of Pentaerythritol can form complex with many kinds of metal; Can directly react with nitric acid trough nitration; Under the effect of catalyst, the hydroxy can be oxidized to acid; Can react with chlorine to generate the chloride; In acid medium, the product react with carbonyl compounds, generate cyclic acetal and ketal; Like other alcohols, can esterify with an acid or anhydride to generate four ester; The halides can dehalogenate to generate cyclic ether in the role of alkali.

The addition reaction intermediate of 3-hydroxy aldehyde can react with formaldehyde through Cannizzaro reaction to generate season four amyl alcohol and formic acid.
In 1938, Pentaerythritol was first generated by United States with acetaldehyde and five times the amount of formaldehyde in the reaction of calcium hydroxide solution system.
Pentaerythritol is the only production method used in the industrial.
Main purpose is to make explosives and synthetic resin (mainly used for various coatings).

Pentaerythritol is an organic compound with the formula C(CH2OH)4.
Classified as a polyol, Pentaerythritol is a white solid.
Pentaerythritol is a building block for the synthesis and production of explosives, plastics, paints, appliances, cosmetics, and many other commercial products.
The word pentaerythritol is a blend of penta- in reference to its 5 carbon atoms and erythritol, which also possesses 4 alcohol groups.

Pentaerythritol, also known as penta, is an organic compound that is widely used as a starting material in the synthesis of many chemicals.
Pentaerythritol is a white, crystalline solid with a melting point of 128°C and a boiling point of 248°C.
Pentaerythritol is found in many products, including paints, explosives, and lubricants.
Pentaerythritol is also used in the manufacture of polymers, resins, and surfactants.
Pentaerythritol is a versatile compound with a wide range of applications in the chemical industry.

Pentaerythritol is used in many scientific research applications.
Pentaerythritol has been used as a starting material in the synthesis of polymers, surfactants, and resins.
Pentaerythritol has also been used as a reagent in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other chemicals.
In addition, Pentaerythritol has been used in the preparation of catalysts, catalytic coatings, and other materials.

Pentaerythritol Chemical Properties
Melting point: 253-258 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 276 °C/30 mmHg (lit.)
Density: 1.396
Vapor pressure: Refractive index: 1.548
Fp: 240 °C
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility H2O: 0.1 g/mL, clear, colorless
Form: Crystals
pka: 13.55±0.10(Predicted)
Color: White
Odor: odorless
PH: 3.5-4.5 (100g/l, H2O, 35℃)
Water Solubility: 1 g/18 mL (15 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,7111
BRN: 1679274
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 10 mg/m3
OSHA: TWA 15 mg/m3; TWA 5 mg/m3
NIOSH: TWA 10 mg/m3; TWA 5 mg/m3
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Combustible.
InChIKey: WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -1.7 at 22℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 115-77-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-(115-77-5)
EPA Substance Registry System: Pentaerythritol (115-77-5)

The main purpose and effect
As quaternary alcohol, Pentaerythritol is easily generated by esterification acid and ester, so most of the classes used in alkyd resin coatings raw materials, mainly used for architectural coatings and automotive primer.
Pentaerythritol is used to esterification with nitric acid to generate pentaerythritol tetranitrate (also known as PETN) in 5~15 oC in industrial, which is a kind of high explosives and bigger than TNT explosive, most as a booster, or mix with TNT.
A lot of Pentaerythritol have been used in the second world war.
Pentaerythritol has the effect of diastolic blood vessels, is a long-term vasodilator and can treat angina pectoris.

Pentaerythritol reaction with rosin acid can produce rosin pentaerythritol ester, which can be mixed with drying oil and is a kind of coating with better hardness, water resistance and weather resistance, can be used in ink of varnish, floor, etc.
By esterification condensation pentaerythritol or glycerol with phthalic anhydride, fatty acid can make an alkyd resin coating.
Use of different kinds and different amount of fatty acid can improve the properties of alkyd resin, making Pentaerythritol a suitable coating of various kinds in need.
Pentaerythritol is widely used as a coating on the surface of the metal, wood, as a bridge, railway, derrick, building and other aspects of commonly used industrial paint and architectural paint.
Because of the price is low, alkyd resin of reactants, easy modification, strong adaptability, good comprehensive, it has become the backbone of the coating industry since 1927.

Pentaerythritol is often used in coating industry, is of alkyd coating raw material for the production of highly cross linked coatin using four hydroxyls, the coating has good hardness and color, can improve the hardness, luster and durability of the coating film.
Pentaerythritol used as varnish, paint and ink production of rosin ester raw material, and can be used as flame retardants, drying oil, aviation lubricating oil.
Pentaerythritol fatty acid ester is polyvinyl chloride (PVC), plasticizer and stabilizer is also used in medicine, pesticide, lube oil manufacture.
Pentaerythritol acrylic ester generated by Pentaerythritol and acrylic acid has a fast drying property, Pentaerythritol is widely used in radiation-curing coatings and quick drying of printing ink, water soluble alkyd resin, the polymer can be used as adhesive.

The C6~C10 fatty acid ester of Pentaerythritol are mainly used as advanced lubricant for steam turbine, automobile engine etc.
The ester produced by Pentaerythritol with C10~C12 fatty acid, can be used as a plastic plasticizer, which has low volatility and high ageing resistance; Reaction with epoxy compound, and its product can be used as a surface active agent, widely used in detergent and cosmetics and perfume raw materials; Pentaerythritol is used as the material of explosives, medicine, pesticides, organic intermediates, etc.

Chemical additives
Pentaerythritol can be used as a stabilizing agent, and has synergistic effect with zinc salt stabilizers, can replace allyl chloride to stabilize PVC.
General dosage is half serving.
But the compatibility with the resin of Pentaerythritol is small, easy to bloom, and soluble in water, easy sublimation, easy deposit on processing equipment and interfere with the processing in the process of sublimation.

Uses
Pentaerythritol is mainly used in alkyd resin production, also used for manufacturing ink, lubricants, plasticizer, surface active agent, explosives and drugs raw materials.
Used as a resin and synthetic fiber antistatic agent, solvent conditioner, oil, etc.
Pentaerythritol is mainly used in the coating industry, is the source of alkyd resin coating, can make the coating film hardness, gloss, with improved durability, Pentaerythritol is used as varnish, color paint and printing ink of pine resin needed raw materials, and with smoldering sex coating, drying oil and matter could be empty lubricating oil and so on.

Pentaerythritol tetranitrate is a kind of high explosives (taian); The fatty acid ester is an efficient lubricant and PVC plasticizer; The epoxide production is the raw material from the raw surface active agent, pentaerythritol easy forms authority complex with metal, also as hard water softener used in detergent formulation, in addition, Pentaerythritol can also be used in medicine, pesticide and other production.
Gas chromatographic stationary liquid [highest use temperature 150 ℃, the solvent of chloroform + butyl alcohol (1:1)], separation and analysis of low boiling point oxygen-containing compounds, amine compounds, nitrogen or oxygen heterocyclic compounds.
Organic synthesis, preparation, resin synthesized polyols.

In the manufacture of pentaerythritol tetranitrate; alkyd resins in surface-coating compositions; pentaerythritol triacrylate and protective coatings; insecticides; pharmaceuticals.
Pentaerythritol is a compound most commonly used in cosmetics (in its rosinate form).
Pentaerythritol is used as a skin conditioning agent (used as part of a cream base in lotions), and is also used to increase viscosity of cosmetic formulations.

Pentaerythritol is a compound most commonly used in cosmetics (in its rosinate form).
Pentaerythritol is used as a skin conditioning agent (used as part of a cream base in lotions), and is also used to increase viscosity of cosmetic formulations.
Pentaerythritol is a versatile starting material to synthesize various dendrimers and star-shaped polymers.
Pentaerythritol is widely used in the preparation of flame-retardant epoxy resins and polymer composites.
Pentaerythritol is also used in the synthesis of the vasodilator, pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN).

Pentaerythritol is a versatile building block for the preparation of many compounds, particularly polyfunctionalized derivatives. applications include alkyd resins, varnishes, polyvinyl chloride stabilizers, tall oil esters, antioxidants.
Such derivatives are found in plastics, paints, cosmetics, and many other products.
Esters of pentaerythitol are biodegradable, and they are used as transformer oils.
Due to a very high flash point they also find some use in lubricating gas turbines.

Production method
Pentaerythritol is produced using formaldehyde and acetaldehyde as raw materials, in the presence of alkaline condensation agent reaction.
When using sodium hydroxide as condensing agent, Pentaerythritol is called sodium method.
The molar ratio of raw materials for acetaldehyde: formaldehyde: alkali is 1.5: 6: 1.1-1.3.
Adding sodium hydroxide solution to 37% formaldehyde solution, join the acetaldehyde under stirring at 25-32 oC and react for 6 to 7 h.
By the neutralization filter to obtain pentaerythritol.
Raw material consumption quota: formaldehyde (37%) 2880 kg/t, acetaldehyde 350 kg/t.
When using calcium hydroxide as a condensing agent, Pentaerythritol is called calcium method.
The molar ratio of raw materials for acetaldehyde: formaldehyde: lime is 1: 4.7: 0.7-0.8.
Add the formaldehyde solution, 20% acetaldehyde solution and 25% lime milk to reaction pot, react at 60 oC, condensate until liquid color turned to blue from gray.

Gradually cooled to 45 oC in the acidification of pan.
Acidificate the condensed liquid with 60-70% of the sulfuric acid to the pH of 2-2.5, then use filter airland to calcium sulfate.
Filtrate through ion exchange column to remove residual calcium ion, stress concentration, keep gas temperature under 70 oC, vacuum at 77.3 kPa.
Began to crystallize, transfer concentrate in the crystallizer, mixing the cooling crystallization, centrifugal separation, washed with water to the pH of 3, drying by the airflow then obtain products.
The consumption of Calcium method is high, and also has the problem of "three wastes".
Raw material consumption quota: formaldehyde (36.5%) 4700 kg/t, acetaldehyde 550 kg/t.

Synonyms
PENTAERYTHRITOL
115-77-5
2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol
Tetramethylolmethane
Penetek
Pentek
Metab-Auxil
Monopentaerythritol
Pentaerythrite
Auxinutril
Maxinutril
Monopentek
Hercules P6
Tetrahydroxymethylmethane
Methane tetramethylol
Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)methane
2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol
pentaerithrityl
1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-
tetra(hydroxymethyl)methane
THME
PE 200
Pentaerythrital
Auxitrans
1,1,1-Tris(hydroxymethyl)ethanol
NSC 8100
Charmor PM 15
Pentaerythritol-13C
CCRIS 2306
HSDB 872
EINECS 204-104-9
BRN 1679274
UNII-SU420W1S6N
AI3-19571
SU420W1S6N
334974-06-0
DTXSID2026943
NSC-8100
EC 204-104-9
4-01-00-02812 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID806943
CAS-115-77-5
MFCD00004692
Auxenutril
Pentaeritritol
Pentaertyhritol
Pentarythritol
Hydrafuca
Neulizer P
Pentarit S
Tetrametilolmetano
Flammex DPE
Hercules Mono-PE
Auxitrans (TN)
Hercules P 6
mono pentaerythritol
3SY
Pentaerythritol, CP
tetramethylol methane
Charmor PM 40
Pentaerythritol, 98%
Pentaerythritol, 99%
Pentaerythritol (8CI)
MONOPENTAERYTHRITO
Tetrahydroxymethylolmethane
PE 200 (diol)
Pentaerythritol, sodium salt
PENTAERYTHRITOL [MI]
Pentaerythritol - Total dust
SCHEMBL15049
WLN: Q1X1Q1Q1Q
C(CH2OH)4
PENTAERYTHRITOL [HSDB]
PENTAERYTHRITOL [INCI]
1, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-
111-Tris(hydroxymethyl)ethanol
PENTAERYTHRITOL [MART.]
CHEMBL3186112
Pentaerythritol - inhalable dust
PENTAERYTHRITOL [WHO-DD]
1,2-Diacylglycerol-LD-PE-pool
NSC8100
Pentaerythritol - respirable dust
PET 020
CHEBI:134760
Methane, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-,
AMY40485
Pentaerythritol, calcium, zinc salt
1,1,1-Tris (hidroximetil) etanol
Tox21_201921
Tox21_303573
Pentaerythritol - Respirable fraction
STL483077
AKOS009166690
DB13526
2,2-bis-hydroxymethyl-propane-1,3-diol
NCGC00249136-01
NCGC00257496-01
NCGC00259470-01
2 2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-1 3-propanediol
2,2-bis (hidroximetil)-1,3-propanodiol
BP-13392
2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-propane-1,3-diol
LS-101448
1,3-propanodiol, 2,2-bis (hidroximetil)-
FT-0652275
FT-0673583
P0039
EN300-29828
D08331
A803483
Q421828
PROPANE-1,3-DIOL, 2,2-BIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)-
Q-201541
Q-201892
F0001-0283
Z295122660
InChI=1/C5H12O4/c6-1-5(2-7,3-8)4-9/h6-9H,1-4H
PENTAERYTHRITOL

Pentaerythritol is a versatile compound with the chemical formula C5H12O4.
Pentaerythritol is a white, crystalline solid that is odorless and non-toxic.

CAS Number: 115-77-5
EC Number: 204-104-9

Synonyms: Pentaerythrite, Tetramethylolmethane, Tetramethylolmethane, Tetramethylolmethane, 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, THME, Pentaerythrite, Monopentaerythritol, NCI-C56366, NSC 5091, 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-, alpha,alpha-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, Pentaerithrit, Pentaerithrit, 2-Methyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-1,3,5-triazane, Pentek, NCI-C56366, Tetramethylolmethane, Pentaeritrina, ALPHA,ALPHA-BIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PROPANE-1,3-DIOL, 1,3-Dihydroxymethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane, alpha,alpha'-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, alpha,alpha-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, alpha,alpha-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, Tetramethylolmethane, 1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,4,6-trioxohexane, 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol



APPLICATIONS


Pentaerythritol is extensively used in the production of alkyd resins, which are essential components of paints and coatings.
Its ability to form stable and durable coatings makes it ideal for applications in automotive, architectural, and industrial coatings.

Pentaerythritol-based alkyd resins provide excellent adhesion, hardness, and weather resistance to painted surfaces.
In the construction industry, pentaerythritol is employed in the formulation of high-performance concrete admixtures.

Its use as a plasticizer in concrete enhances workability, strength, and durability while reducing water demand.
Pentaerythritol derivatives are key ingredients in the manufacture of synthetic lubricants and hydraulic fluids.
These lubricants offer superior thermal stability, oxidation resistance, and lubricity compared to conventional oils.

Pentaerythritol-based explosives, such as PETN, are used in military munitions, demolition, and mining applications.
Pentaerythritol exhibits high energy output and stability, making it suitable for precision blasting operations.

Pentaerythritol esters function as plasticizers in PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and other polymers, enhancing flexibility and impact resistance.
In the pharmaceutical industry, pentaerythritol derivatives are utilized as intermediates in the synthesis of drugs and pharmaceuticals.

Pentaerythritol-based flame retardants are incorporated into textiles, plastics, and foam materials to improve fire resistance.
Its flame-retardant properties help delay ignition, reduce smoke emissions, and inhibit the spread of flames in fire-prone environments.
Pentaerythritol esters are added to printing inks to improve ink flow, adhesion, and drying characteristics on various substrates.

In the manufacture of explosives, pentaerythritol serves as a key component in the synthesis of RDX (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine).
Pentaerythritolis widely used in military and industrial applications for its high detonation velocity and energy output.

Pentaerythritol-based polyols are used in the production of rigid polyurethane foams for insulation and construction materials.
These foams offer excellent thermal insulation properties, moisture resistance, and structural integrity.
Pentaerythritol esters are employed as viscosity modifiers in printing inks, adhesives, and coatings to control flow and rheology.

Pentaerythritol-based resins are used in the formulation of wood adhesives and binders for plywood, particleboard, and fiberboard.
These adhesives provide strong bonding strength, water resistance, and durability in wood-based applications.
Pentaerythritol derivatives are utilized in the synthesis of UV-curable coatings, adhesives, and sealants for fast-curing applications.

UV-curable formulations offer rapid curing times, high gloss, and excellent adhesion to substrates.
Pentaerythritol is used in the production of heat transfer fluids for solar thermal systems and industrial processes.
Its high thermal stability, low viscosity, and non-toxicity make it an ideal heat transfer medium for high-temperature applications.

Pentaerythritol derivatives serve as intermediates in the synthesis of antioxidants and corrosion inhibitors for use in lubricants and metalworking fluids.
Pentaerythritol-based resins are utilized in the formulation of electrical insulation materials for cables, wires, and electronic components.

These insulating materials offer excellent dielectric properties, thermal stability, and resistance to electrical breakdown.
Pentaerythritol esters are added to personal care products such as cosmetics, lotions, and creams as emollients and moisturizers.

Their skin-conditioning properties help soften and hydrate the skin, making them suitable for skincare formulations.
Pentaerythritol polyols are used as crosslinkers in the production of water-based and solvent-based coatings, adhesives, and sealants.

Crosslinked coatings exhibit improved durability, chemical resistance, and scratch resistance compared to non-crosslinked formulations.
Pentaerythritol-based polyols are employed in the manufacture of polyurethane elastomers, sealants, and adhesives for automotive, construction, and aerospace applications.

Polyurethane elastomers offer excellent resilience, abrasion resistance, and weatherability in demanding environments.
Pentaerythritol esters are utilized as coupling agents and dispersants in polymer compounding to enhance filler dispersion and reinforce mechanical properties.
Pentaerythritol derivatives are added to inkjet inks and toners as dispersants and stabilizers to improve print quality and longevity.

Pentaerythritol esters are used as crosslinkers in radiation-curable coatings, inks, and adhesives for applications requiring rapid curing and high performance.
Pentaerythritol-based polyols are incorporated into flexible and rigid polyurethane foams for cushioning and insulation in furniture, mattresses, and automotive interiors.
Pentaerythritol esters function as tackifiers and plasticizers in pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) for tapes, labels, and stickers.

These adhesives provide strong initial tack, peel adhesion, and shear strength on a variety of substrates.
Pentaerythritol derivatives are used in the synthesis of environmentally friendly biodegradable polymers and plasticizers for sustainable packaging materials.

Pentaerythritol esters serve as lubricity additives in metalworking fluids, cutting oils, and hydraulic fluids to reduce friction and wear during machining and forming operations.
Pentaerythritol-based resins are employed in the formulation of powder coatings for metal surfaces, offering excellent adhesion, corrosion resistance, and durability.
Pentaerythritol polyols are utilized in the production of synthetic fibers and textiles for their dyeability, strength, and dimensional stability.

Pentaerythritol derivatives are used as crosslinkers in radiation-curable inks for screen printing, flexography, and digital printing applications.
Pentaerythritol esters are employed as defoaming agents in industrial processes such as papermaking, paint manufacturing, and wastewater treatment.

Pentaerythritol-based resins are utilized in the formulation of high-gloss varnishes and lacquers for wood finishing and decorative coatings.
Pentaerythritol polyols are used in the production of composite materials such as fiberglass, carbon fiber, and reinforced plastics for their strength and stiffness.

Pentaerythritol derivatives are added to metal coatings and plating baths as leveling agents and brighteners to improve surface finish and appearance.
Pentaerythritol esters are employed as adhesion promoters and wetting agents in printing inks, coatings, and adhesives to enhance substrate adhesion and ink transfer.


Pentaerythritol plays a crucial role in the formulation of high-quality paints and coatings.
Its chemical properties enable the production of stable and durable adhesive materials.
Pentaerythritol-based explosives, such as PETN, are known for their high energy density.

Pentaerythritol's explosive properties are harnessed in military and industrial applications.
Pentaerythritol esters act as effective plasticizers, enhancing the flexibility and durability of polymers.

Its lubricating properties make pentaerythritol derivatives valuable additives in lubricants and greases.
In the pharmaceutical industry, pentaerythritol derivatives are utilized in drug synthesis.
Pentaerythritol-based flame retardants are instrumental in improving the fire resistance of materials.

Pentaerythritols stability and compatibility with other substances make it a preferred choice in formulations.
Pentaerythritol's contribution to product performance is widely recognized across diverse sectors.

Its role in enhancing the properties of end products underscores its importance in manufacturing.
Pentaerythritol's reliability and consistency make it a staple ingredient in many industrial processes.
Overall, pentaerythritol's unique combination of properties makes it indispensable in numerous applications.



DESCRIPTION


Pentaerythritol is a versatile compound with the chemical formula C5H12O4.
Pentaerythritol is a white, crystalline solid that is odorless and non-toxic.
Pentaerythritol is primarily used as a building block in the production of various chemicals, including alkyd resins, explosives, plasticizers, lubricants, and pharmaceuticals.

Pentaerythritol is a white, crystalline solid with a powdery texture.
Its appearance is often described as fine, granular crystals.
Pentaerythritol crystals are typically odorless, though some may detect a slight sweet aroma.

Pentaerythritol has a high degree of purity when obtained commercially.
Pentaerythritol crystals are highly soluble in water, making them suitable for various applications.
Its molecular structure consists of four hydroxyl groups attached to a central carbon atom.

Pentaerythritol is known for its high melting point, which contributes to its stability in solid form.
In its pure state, pentaerythritol exhibits excellent thermal and chemical stability.

Pentaerythritol is non-toxic and poses minimal risk to human health when handled properly.
Pentaerythritol's versatility stems from its ability to form esters and other derivatives.

Pentaerythritol serves as a key building block in the synthesis of alkyd resins, explosives, and plasticizers.
The compound's multifunctionality makes it a valuable ingredient in various industries.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Molecular Weight: 136.15 g/mol
Appearance: White, crystalline solid
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point: 260-262°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Density: 1.395 g/cm³
Solubility: Highly soluble in water (approximately 770 g/L at 20°C)
Solubility in Other Solvents: Soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone, and other polar solvents
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Refractive Index: 1.554 (20°C)
Specific Heat: 1.75 J/g·°C (at 25°C)
Heat of Combustion: Approximately -3043 kJ/mol
Flash Point: Not applicable (non-flammable)
pH: Neutral (approximately 7)


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: C5H12O4
Structure: Tetramethylolmethane
Functional Groups: Four hydroxyl groups (-OH)
Reactivity: Pentaerythritol is relatively inert under normal conditions but can undergo various chemical reactions under appropriate conditions.
Stability: Pentaerythritol is stable under normal storage and handling conditions.
Acidity/Basicity: Neutral
Flammability: Non-flammable
Combustibility: Pentaerythritol is not combustible under normal conditions.
Oxidation State: Carbon is in the +4 oxidation state, while oxygen is in the -2 oxidation state.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move the affected person to fresh air immediately while ensuring their airway is clear.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Seek medical attention promptly.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and footwear immediately.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
If irritation or redness persists, seek medical advice.
Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.


Eye Contact:

Flush the eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if irritation is not present.
Remove contact lenses if easily removable after flushing.


Ingestion:

Do NOT induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth with water and spit out.
Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Seek medical attention immediately.
Provide medical personnel with information on the amount ingested and the time of ingestion.


General First Aid:

If symptoms of overexposure develop (such as headache, nausea, dizziness, or difficulty breathing), seek medical attention immediately.
Keep affected individuals warm and quiet.
Treat symptomatically and supportively.
In case of chemical burns, rinse affected skin or eyes with copious amounts of water and seek medical attention promptly.



HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate protective clothing, including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, to minimize skin and eye contact.
Use respiratory protection, such as a dust mask or respirator, if handling pentaerythritol in powdered form or in dusty environments.
Ensure all PPE is in good condition and properly fitted before handling pentaerythritol.


Handling Precautions:
Handle pentaerythritol in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation exposure.
Avoid generating dust or aerosols when handling the solid compound.
Use tools and equipment designed for handling powders to minimize the risk of spills and dust generation.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling pentaerythritol.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling to remove any residual product.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store pentaerythritol in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, and open flames.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation.
Store away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizing agents and acids.
Ensure storage area is equipped with appropriate containment measures to contain spills.
Store in containers made of compatible materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or glass.
Check containers regularly for signs of damage or leakage and replace if necessary.

Segregation and Separation:
Segregate pentaerythritol from incompatible materials, such as acids, bases, and strong oxidizing agents.
Store pentaerythritol away from food, beverages, and feedstuffs to prevent contamination.

Handling and Storage Equipment:
Use equipment and containers specifically designated for handling pentaerythritol to prevent cross-contamination.
Ensure equipment used for transferring or dispensing pentaerythritol is clean and free from residues of incompatible materials.

Emergency Procedures:
Familiarize personnel with emergency procedures in case of spills, leaks, or exposure incidents.
Maintain spill kits and absorbent materials readily available for immediate response to spills.
Train personnel on proper handling procedures and emergency response protocols.

Disposal:
Dispose of unused or contaminated pentaerythritol in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.
Follow appropriate waste disposal procedures and guidelines for chemical waste.
Do not dispose of via sewerage systems or in domestic waste.
Empty containers may be recycled or disposed of in accordance with applicable regulations.

Documentation and Labeling:
Ensure containers are properly labeled with the correct product name, hazard warnings, and handling instructions.
Maintain up-to-date safety data sheets (SDS) or material safety data sheets (MSDS) for pentaerythritol and make them readily accessible to personnel.

Training:
Provide training to personnel on safe handling, storage, and disposal practices for pentaerythritol.
Ensure personnel are aware of the hazards associated with pentaerythritol and know how to respond to emergencies.

PENTAERYTHRITOL ( Monopentaerythritol)
SYNONYMS Pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate);Tetrakis(3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)propionyloxymethyl)methane;Tetrakis(methylene(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate)methane CAS NO:6683-19-8
PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRAKIS(3-(3,5-Dİ-TERT-BUTYL-4-HYDROXYPHENYL)PROPIONATE)
2,2-bis(Hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diyl distearate cas no: 13081-97-5
PENTAERYTHRITYL DISTEARATE
cas no 13081-97-5 Pentaerythritol Distearate; 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diyl distearate; Octadecanoic acid, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediyl ester; Octadecanoic acid, 1,1'-(2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediyl) ester; [2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-octadecanoyloxypropyl] octadecanoate;
PENTAERYTHRITYL STEARATE
cas no 115-83-3 Pentaerythritol tetrastearate; pentaerythritetetra-n-stearate; PE TETRASTEARATE; Octadecanoicacid; 2,2-bis[[(1-oxooctadecyl)oxy]methyl]-1,3-propanediyl ester (9CI);
PENTAERYTHRITYL TETRASTEARATE
PENTYLENE GLYCOL; Pentane-1,2-diol; 1,2-Pentanediol; 1,2-Dihydroxypentane; pentance-1, 2-diol; Pentanediol; pentance-1, 2-diol; 1,2-Dihydroxypentan; 1,2-pd; 1,2-Pentandiol; 1,2-Pentanediol ; N° CAS : 5343-92-0 - Pentylène glycol. Autres langues : Glicole pentilenico, Pentilenglicol, Pentylenglykol; Nom INCI : PENTYLENE GLYCOL. Nom chimique : 1,2-Dihydroxypentane ; N° EINECS/ELINCS : 226-285-3.Classification : Glycol; Compatible Bio (Référentiel COSMOS). Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état Solvant : Dissout d'autres substances
PENTAMETHYLDIETHYLENETRIAMINE (PMDETA)
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is functionally related to a diethylenetriamine.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NCH2CH2OH.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is bifunctional, containing both a tertiary amine and primary alcohol functional groups.

CAS Number: 3030-47-5
Molecular Formula: C9H23N3
Molecular Weight: 173.3
EINECS Number: 221-201-1

3030-47-5, 1,1,4,7,7-Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'',N''-Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, PMDT, N1-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-N1,N2,N2-trimethylethane-1,2-diamine, PMDETA, PMDTA, N,N,N',N',N''-Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, Pentamethyldiethylenetriaminek, Bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl)(methyl)amine, 2,5,8-Trimethyl-2,5,8-triazanonane, N,N',N''-Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, pmdien, NSC 65659, n,n,n,n,n-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, 1,2-Ethanediamine, N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N,N',N'-trimethyl-, Diethylenetriamine, 1,1,4,7,7-pentamethyl-, 3274UTY3HL, DTXSID7029249, CHEBI:39475, MFCD00014876, NSC-65659, 1,2-Ethanediamine, N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-N,N',N'-trimethyl-, N'-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N,N,N'-trimethylethane-1,2-diamine, N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N,N',N'-trimethylethane-1,2-diamine, 1,2-Ethanediamine, N1-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-N1,N2,N2-trimethyl-, 2,2'-(methylazanediyl)bis(N,N-dimethylethanamine), N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-N,N',N'-trimethyl-1,2-ethanediamine, N-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]-N,N',N'-trimethyl-1,2-ethanediamine, EINECS 221-201-1, BRN 1741396, UNII-3274UTY3HL, 1,2-Ethanediamine, N1-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N1,N2,N2-trimethyl-, (2-{2-(dimethylamino)ethylamino}ethyl)dimethylamine, Pentamethyldethylenetramne, N,N,N',N',N"-Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, pentamethyldiethyenetriamine, EC 221-201-1, pentamethyl diethylentriamine, pentamethyl-diethylentriamine, pentamethyl diethylenetriamine, pentamethyldiethylene-triamine, Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine;, SCHEMBL37515, pentamethyl diethylene triamine, DTXCID109249, CHEMBL3183641, UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-, N,N''-Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-N,N',N'-trimethylethane-1,2-diamine, NSC65659, N-(Methoxycarbonyl)-2-propenylamine, Tox21_200681, Bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)methylamine, AKOS015915357, 1,4,7,7-Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, WLN: 1N1&2N1&2N1&1, 1,1,4,7,7-pentamethyldiethlenetriamine, NCGC00248795-01, NCGC00258235-01, 1,1,4,7,7-pentamethyldiethlene triamine, Diethylenetriamine,1,4,7,7-pentamethyl-, LS-13731, CAS-3030-47-5, N,N',N',N''-Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, CS-0077160, NS00004531, P0881, N,N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylene triamine, N,N,N',N',N''-Pentamethyidiethylenetriamine, D78228, EN300-175590, N,N,N', N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylene triamine, A934684, Q965311, J-017894, J-523896, 1, N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N,N',N'-trimethyl-, N,N,N',N'',N''-Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, 99%, N-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-N,N',N'-trimethyl-1,2-ethandiamin, N'-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-N,N,N'-trimethyl-ethane-1,2-diamine, N-(2-dim

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a polyazaalkane.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a colorless viscous liquid.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used in skin care products for improving skin tone and also taken orally as a nootropic.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is prepared by the ethoxylation of dimethylamine.
The bitartrate salt of Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA), is sold as a dietary supplement.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a white powder providing 37% DMAE.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA), sometimes referred to as dimethylethylamine, is an organic compound with formula (CH3)2NC2H5.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is an industrial chemical that is mainly used in foundries as a catalyst for epoxy resins and polyurethane as well as sand core production.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a malodorous, volatile liquid at room temperature that is excreted at greater concentrations with larger dietary intake of trimethylamine.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) by Changzhou Yuping Chemical acts as a surfactant.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is compatible with polyurethane resin.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is suitable for coating applications.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used in skin care products for improving skin tone and also taken orally as a nootropic.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is prepared by the ethoxylation of dimethylamine.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a precursor of acetylcholine.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) may be employed as a ligand in the copper-catalyzed amination of aryl bromides and iodides.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) holds tertiary amine and primary alcohol groups as functional groups.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) has been also used as an ingredient in skin care, and in cognitive function- and mood-enhancing products.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) appears as a clear colorless liquid with a fishlike odor.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used to make other chemicals.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is an organic compound which is industrially produced by the reaction of ethylene oxide with dimethylamine.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) contains both an amine group and a hydroxyl group, and can therefore react as as an amine or an alcohol.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a transparent, pale-yellow liquid.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)is used as an intermediate + buffering agent in the synthesis of coatings.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used as a building block for the synthesis of cationic flocculants and ion exchange resins
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is now being used in cosmeceutical products, gaining popularity from its activity as a precursor to acetylcholine.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a clear hygroscopic liquid with an amine-like odor.

The freshly distilled product is colorless, but prolonged storage may cause a yellowish discoloration.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a colorless liquid with a strong and fishy color.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used as medication in the treatment of behavioral problems in children.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is also used making dyestuffs, textiles and pharmaceuticals and emulsifiers in paints and coatings.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) acts as a surfactant.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is compatible with polyurethane resin.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is suitable for coating applications.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) also known as DMEA is a organic compound with an ammoniacal odor, and a colorless liquid.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is tertiary amine and primary alcohol groups as functional groups with the chemical formula C4H11NO.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used as a curing agent for epoxy resins and polyurethanes.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is also used in the intermediate synthesis of dyestuffs, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and corrosion inhibitors.
Another application is an emulsifier in paints and coatings.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a transparent, slightly yellow liquid.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is miscible with water, acetone, ether, and benzene.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used as a curing agent for epoxy resins and polyurethanes.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is also used in the intermediate synthesis of dyestuffs, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and corrosion inhibitors.
Another application is an emulsifier in paints and coatings.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NCH2CH2OH.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is bifunctional, containing both tertiary amine and primary alcohol functional groups.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a colorless viscous liquid.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used in skincare products.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is prepared by the ethoxylation of dimethylamine.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a precursor to other chemicals, such as the nitrogen mustard 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used as a flocculating agent.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid with an amine-like odor.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is miscible in water.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is an organic compound.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a liquid with a color that ranges from clear to pale yellow.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used as a curing agent for polyurethanes and epoxy resins.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used to the synthesis of dyestuffs, textile auxiliaries, pharmaceuticals, emulsifiers, and corrosion inhibitors.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is an additive to paint removers, boiler water, and amino resins.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is also known as dimethylaminoethanol.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is considered anti-aging, and antiinflammatory, and has exhibited free-radical scavenging activity.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is an alkanolamine with the formula CH3NHCH2CH2OH.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is flammable, corrosive, colorless, viscous liquid.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of choline.

With both an amine and a hydroxyl functional groups, Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a useful intermediate in the chemical synthesis of various products including polymers and pharmaceuticals.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is also used as a solvent, for example in the processing of natural gas, where it is used together with its analogs ethanolamine and dimethylethanolamine.

Melting point: −20 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 198 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.83 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 0.23 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.442(lit.)
Flash point: 128 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
form: Powder
pka: 8.84±0.38(Predicted)
color: White
PH: 11.9 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit 1.1-5.7%(V)
Water Solubility: Miscible in water.
FreezingPoint: <-70℃
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
BRN: 1741396
Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids.
InChIKey: UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -2.1 at 25℃

As the main raw material to produce methyl acrylate dimethyl aminoethyl ester (DM), it is an important coating additive.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used as a curing agent for polyurethanes and epoxy resins.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a precursor to other chemicals, such as the nitrogen mustard 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used as a flocculating agent.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used as a catalyst, corrosion inhibitor and addative.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used in cosmetic and biomedical products.

Anion exchange resins can be prepared by reacting tertiary amines like Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) or trimethylamine with the chloromethylated vinyl or styrene resin.
Increased exchange capacity is obtained by reacting a cross-linked polymer, containing haloalkyl functions, with an amine.
The anion exchange membranes are aminated with Dimethyl ethanolamine.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is excellent for neutralising free acidity in water-soluble coating resins.
The resin can be acrylic, alkyd or styrene-maleic.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is often preferred to triethylamine when lower volatility is required, as in electrodeposition.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) also improves pigment wettability.
Some synthetic enamels with a metallic appearance can be prepared from Dimethyl ethanolamine polymers.
In flexographic inks Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) can be used to solubilize resins and inoxes.

The adhesion of latex coatings can be improved by copolymerisation of the acrylic monomers with Dimethyl ethanolamine.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a clear, colorless, hygroscopic, amine-like smelling liquid which is miscible with water and ethanol in any ratio.
Aqueous solutions react strongly basic and are therefore corrosive.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is easily biodegradable and has no potential of bioaccumulation due to its water miscibility.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is not mutagenic, but in the presence of nitrite, carcinogenic nitrosamines can be formed from the compound, as it is a secondary amine.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA), often abbreviated as PMDETA, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C11H28N3.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a tertiary amine characterized by five methyl groups attached to the nitrogen atoms and two ethylene bridges.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is commonly used as a ligand in coordination chemistry, particularly in transition metal catalysis.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) serves as a chelating agent due to its ability to form stable complexes with metal ions.

Additionally, Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) finds applications in polymerization reactions, particularly in the synthesis of polymers through controlled radical polymerization techniques such as atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) can be employed as a ligand in transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, such as Suzuki-Miyaura, Heck, and Sonogashira reactions, facilitating the formation of carbon-carbon bonds.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA), in combination with suitable metal catalysts, can initiate the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic monomers like lactides and cyclic carbonates, leading to the formation of biodegradable polymers.

In copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions, Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) serves as a ligand for copper catalysts, enabling the synthesis of triazole-containing compounds.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) can be utilized in various organic transformations as a base or ligand, facilitating reactions such as Michael addition, allylic substitution, and hydrogenation.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) can be employed in metal-catalyzed polymerization reactions, such as coordination-insertion polymerization, leading to the synthesis of well-defined polymers with controlled molecular weights and architectures.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) can participate in radical reactions, such as atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), where it serves as a ligand for transition metal catalysts, facilitating controlled radical polymerization.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)-functionalized polymers can be synthesized via controlled radical polymerization techniques, providing access to polymers with tailored properties for applications in materials science, drug delivery, and nanotechnology.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) can be used for the functionalization of surfaces through coordination chemistry, enabling the attachment of functional groups or nanoparticles onto substrates for applications in catalysis, sensing, and biomedicine.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is utilized in the synthesis of coordination complexes for various applications, including catalysis, materials science, and coordination-driven self-assembly of supramolecular structures.

Uses:
Used as ligand in NMR study of complexation/aggregation with neopentyllithium and in the study of ligand effects on the selectivity of CO2 incorporation into α,ω-diynes
Dimethylaminoethanol is used as a curing agent for polyurethanes and epoxy resins.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is a precursor to other chemicals, such as the nitrogen mustard 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride.
The acrylate ester, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate is used as a flocculating agent.

Related compounds are used in gas purification, e.g. removal of hydrogen sulfide from sour gas streams.
Used as a curing agent for polyurethanes and epoxy resins; used as a chemical intermediate for pharmaceuticals, dyes, corrosion inhibitors, and emulsifiers; also used as an additive to boiler water, paint removers, and amino resins; Has been used therapeutically as a CNS stimulant.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used as a curing agent for polyurethanes and epoxy resins.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used as a chemical intermediate for pharmaceuticals, dyes, corrosion inhibitors, and emulsifiers.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used as an additive to boiler water, paint removers, and amino resins.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) has been used therapeutically as a CNS stimulant.

Like other alkylalkanolamines, Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is used in water- and solvent-based paints and coatings as a solubilizer for other components, such as pigments and as a stabilizer.
In cathodic dip-coating, Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) serves as cation neutralizer for the partial neutralization of the epoxy resin.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) also serves as a chain extender in the reaction of high molecular weight polyepoxides with polyols.

Being a base, Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) forms neutral salts with fatty acids, which are used as surfactants (soaps) with good emulsifying properties and find applications in textile and personal care cleansing products.
When bleaching cotton-polyester blends, NMEA is used as a brightener.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA), dimethylaminoethanol and choline [(2-hydroxyethyl)-trimethyl-ammonium chloride] can be prepared.

In the reaction of Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) with fatty acids, long-chain N-methyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)amides are formed upon elimination of water.
These are used as neutral surfactants.
Such amides also act as flow improvers and pour point depressants in heavy oils and middle distillates.

By catalytic oxidation of Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA), the non-proteinogenic amino acid sarcosine is obtained.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) plays a role as a building block for the synthesis of crop protection compounds and pharmaceuticals, such as in the first stage of the reaction sequence to the antihistamine and antidepressant mianserin (Tolvin) and to the non-analgesic Nefopam (Ajan).
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) serves as a ligand in transition metal-catalyzed reactions, enhancing catalytic activity and controlling selectivity.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is particularly valuable in cross-coupling reactions like Suzuki-Miyaura and Sonogashira, as well as in metal-catalyzed polymerizations.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) participates in ring-opening polymerization reactions, leading to the formation of functionalized polymers with controlled molecular.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) also facilitates controlled radical polymerization techniques like ATRP, enabling the synthesis of well-defined polymers.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) acts as a ligand in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions, essential for the synthesis of triazole-containing compounds widely used in materials science and drug discovery.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)-functionalized polymers enable surface modification of substrates, enhancing their properties for applications in coatings, adhesives, and biomedical materials.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) forms coordination complexes with various metal ions, useful in the synthesis of catalysts, luminescent materials, and coordination-driven self-assembled structures.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) facilitates the functionalization of polymers and surfaces, enabling the attachment of functional groups or nanoparticles for applications in catalysis, sensing, and nanotechnology.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)-containing polymers and complexes contribute to the development of advanced materials with tailored properties, including biodegradable polymers, responsive materials, and molecularly imprinted polymers.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)-modified materials find use in drug delivery systems, tissue engineering scaffolds, and diagnostic assays due to their biocompatibility and functionalization capabilities.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is employed in the synthesis of polymers for gas separation membranes due to its ability to enhance the gas permeability and selectivity of the membranes.
These membranes are crucial for processes such as gas purification and separation in industries like petrochemicals and natural gas processing.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)-modified polymers are used in the textile industry to impart certain properties to fabrics, such as antimicrobial properties or enhanced dyeability.

These modified polymers can be applied as coatings or finishes to textiles.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is incorporated into adhesive formulations to improve adhesion properties, cohesion strength, and resistance to environmental factors.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) helps in the crosslinking of polymers in adhesive and sealant compositions, enhancing their performance and durability.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)-functionalized coatings are applied to metal surfaces for corrosion protection.
These coatings form a barrier that inhibits the penetration of corrosive agents, thereby extending the lifespan of metal structures in various environments.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is utilized as an additive in electroplating baths to improve the deposition efficiency and quality of metal coatings on substrates.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) helps in controlling the deposition process and achieving uniform metal coatings with desired properties.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)-containing polymers are explored for their potential use in organic photovoltaic devices (solar cells).
These polymers can be tailored to exhibit suitable electronic properties, enabling efficient conversion of sunlight into electricity.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)-functionalized materials are investigated for their application in fuel cell technologies.
These materials can serve as catalyst supports or proton-conducting membranes, contributing to the development of more efficient and durable fuel cell systems.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)-modified polymers are employed in water treatment processes for the removal of pollutants and contaminants.
These polymers can act as adsorbents or flocculants, facilitating the purification of water for various purposes.

Safety Profile:
Poison by skin contact.
Moderately toxic by ingestion.
Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) is corrosive to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes upon contact.

Direct contact with PMDETA can cause irritation, burns, and tissue damage.
Inhalation of Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) vapors or mists can irritate the respiratory tract and cause symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, and throat irritation.
Prolonged or excessive inhalation may lead to more severe respiratory effects.

Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) has the potential to induce sensitization upon repeated or prolonged skin exposure.
Sensitized individuals may develop allergic reactions upon subsequent contact with Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) or related compounds.



PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine is a low gas foaming / gel balance catalyst, it can be used in polyether polyurethane soft foam, polyurethane rigid foam and coating, adhesive, etc., especially suitable for cold molding HR foam.
The foam has good porosity and excellent performance in the manufacture of Maxfoam foaming process.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine is a colorless to light yellow low-viscosity liquid with a fishy smell.

CAS: 3855-32-1
MF: C11H27N3
MW: 201.35
EINECS: 223-362-3

Synonyms
2,6,10-TRIMETHYL-2,6,10-TRIAZAUNDECANE;N-(3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL)-N,N',N'-TRIMETHYLPROPANE-1,3-DIAMINE;N,N,N',N',N''-PENTAMETHYL DIPROPYLENE TRIAMINE;N,N,N',N'',N''-PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLEN-TRIAMIN;N-METHYL-N,N-BIS[3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL]AMINE;3-Propanediamine,N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N’,N’-trimethyl-1;N,N,N’-Trimethyl-N’-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1,3-propanediamine;n-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-n,n’,n’-trimethyl-3-propanediamine;10563-29-8;N,N-Dimethyldipropylenetriamine;Dimethyldipropylenetriamine;N'-(3-Aminopropyl)-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine;N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]propane-1,3-diamine;dimethyldipropylene-triamine;1,3-Propanediamine, N'-(3-aminopropyl)-N,N-dimethyl-;DTXSID2033445;B15K0N6194;N1-(3-aminopropyl)-N3,N3-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine
;N,N-Dimethyldipropyltriamine;DMAPAPA;EINECS 234-148-4;BRN 2715375;UNII-B15K0N6194
;{3-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]propyl}dimethylamine;Dimethyldipropylenetri-Amine
;EC 234-148-4;SCHEMBL324173;n'-(3-aminopropyl)-n,n-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine;CHEMBL1462995
;DTXCID0013445;Tox21_201176;MFCD00082192;N,N-Dimethyldipropylenetriamine, 99%;AKOS005614107
;NCGC00090978-01;NCGC00090978-02;NCGC00090978-03;NCGC00090978-04;NCGC00258728-01
;LS-13567;CAS-10563-29-8;NS00008430;AB01322504-02;EN300-7701195;N N/'-DIMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (ATOFI;N-(gamma-Dimethylaminopropyl)-1,3-diaminopropane;J-001463
;Q27274243;1,3-Propanediamine, N3-(3-aminopropyl)-N1,N1-dimethyl-

Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine is soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is strongly alkaline.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine is a synthetic chemical that belongs to the class of polyols.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine is used as an ingredient in sealants and coatings due to its high molecular weight and good thermal stability.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine has been shown to emit light when exposed to radiation from x-rays or ultraviolet light; this phenomenon is known as phosphorescence.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine also emits a strong fluorescence in the blue region of the spectrum.
Polymers based on Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine are commercially available for use as optical filters.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine is a tertiary amine catalyst that finds widespread use in all types of polyurethane foam.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine is a tertiary amine catalyst (pentamethyldipropylenetriamine) that finds widespread use in all types of polyurethane foam.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine provides nearly balanced initiation of both the blowing and gelling reactions in both TDI and MDI-based formulations.

Uses
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine is a tertiary amine catalyst that can balance the effects of various soft and rigid polyurethane foams The reaction of medium carbamate (polyol-isocyanate) and urea (isocyanate-water);
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine can improve the open cell of flexible foam, and can reduce the brittleness and adhesion of rigid foam;
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine is mainly used in the production of car seats and pillows, rigid polyether block foam.

Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine Chemical Properties
Boiling point: 102 °C / 1mmHg
Density: 0,83 g/cm3
Vapor pressure: 2hPa at 10℃
Refractive index: 1.4450 to 1.4480
Fp: 92°C
pka: 9.88±0.28(Predicted)
Form: clear liquid
Color: Colorless to Yellow to Green
Water Solubility: 193.9g/L at 25℃
LogP: 0 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 3855-32-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (3855-32-1)
PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (PMDPT)
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) appears as a colorless liquid with no odor.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) is a colorless to light yellow low-viscosity liquid with a fishy smell.


CAS Number: 3855-32-1
EC Number: 223-362-3
Molecular Formula: C11H27N3



2,6,10-TRIMETHYL-2,6,10-TRIAZAUNDECANE, N-(3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL)-N,N',N'-TRIMETHYLPROPANE-1,3-DIAMINE, N,N,N',N',N''-PENTAMETHYL DIPROPYLENE TRIAMINE, N,N,N',N'',N''-PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLEN-TRIAMIN, N-METHYL-N,N-BIS[3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL]AMINE, 3-Propanediamine,N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N’,N’-trimethyl-1, N,N,N’-Trimethyl-N’-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1,3-propanediamine, n-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-n,n’,n’-trimethyl-3-propanediamine,
2,6,10-TRIMETHYL-2,6,10-TRIAZAUNDECANE, N-(3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL)-N,N',N'-TRIMETHYLPROPANE-1,3-DIAMINE, -METHYL-N,N-BIS[3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL]AMINE,
N,N,N',N',N''-PENTAMETHYL DIPROPYLENE TRIAMINE, N,N,N',N'',N''-PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLEN-TRIAMIN, 3-Propanediamine,N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N’,N’-trimethyl-1, N,N,N’-Trimethyl-N’-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1,3-propanediamine, n-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-n,n’,n’-trimethyl-3-propanediamine, 1,3-Propanediamine, N-3-(dimethylamino)propyl-N,N,N-trimethyl-, 2,6,10-TRIMETHYL-2,6,10-TRIAZAUNDECANE 95+%, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-4-methyl-4-azaheptane-1,7-diamine, Polycat 77, Polycat-77, bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-methyl-amine, n,n,n',n'',n''-pentamethyldipropylen triamin, pmdetapentamethyldipropylenetriamine, polycat 77, 2,6,10-trimethyl-2,6,10-triazaundecane 95+%, pentamethyliminobispropylamine, 2,6,10-trimethyl-2,6,10-triazaundecane, pentramethyldipropylenetriamine, bis (dimethylaminopropyl) methylamine, polycat-77, 2,6,10-TRIMETHYL-2,6,10-TRIAZAUNDECANE, N-(3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL)-N,N',N'-TRIMETHYLPROPANE-1,3-DIAMINE, N,N,N',N',N''-PENTAMETHYL DIPROPYLENE TRIAMINE, N,N,N',N'',N''-PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLEN-TRIAMIN, N-METHYL-N,N-BIS[3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL]AMINE, 3-Propanedi-1,3-Propanediamine,N1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N3,N3-trimethyl-, Dipropylamine,3,3′-bis(dimethylamino)-N-methyl-, 1,3-Propanediamine,N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N′,N′-trimethyl-, N1-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N3,N3-trimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, Polycat 77, N,N,N′,N′′,N′′-Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine, N,N,N′,N′,N′′-Pentamethyliminobis(propylamine), 2,6,10-Trimethyl-2,6,10-triazaundecane, N,N,N′,N′′,N′′-Pentamethyldi-1,3-propylenetriamine, 3,3′-Bis(dimethylaminopropyl)methylamine, Pentamethyliminobispropylamine, N,N,N′,N′,N′-Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine, NSC 123346, N-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N′,N′-trimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 3,3′-Bis(dimethylamino)-N-methyldipropylamine, N-Methyl-N,N-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Jeffcat ZR 40, 89126-78-3, 880874-60-2, 1,3-Propanediamine, N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethyl-, N,N,N-Trimethyl-N-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-1,3-propanediamine, 2,6,10-TRIMETHYL-2,6,10-TRIAZAUNDECANE, 1,3-Propanediamine, N-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N,N-trimethyl-, N-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, EINECS 223-362-3, MFCD00126936, N-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, n-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-n,n,n-trimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, N,N,N,N,N-Pentamethyldipropylen-triamin, N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, N-Methyl-N,N-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, Pentramethyldipropylenetriamine,
Pentramethyldipropylenetriamine, 1,3-Propanediamine, N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethyl-, N,N,N'-Trimethyl-N'-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-1 ,3-propanediamine, 2,6,10-TRIMETHYL-2,6,10-TRIAZAUNDECANE, 1,3-Propanediamine, N-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N',N'-trimethyl-, N -[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N',N'-trimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, EINECS 223-362-3, MFCD00126936, N-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N' ,N'-trimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, n-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-n,n',n'-trimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, N,N,N',N'', N''-Pentamethyldipropylen-triamin, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N,N'-trimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, N-Methyl-N,N-bis[3-(dimethylamino) propyl]amine, Pentramethyldipropylenetriamine


Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) is a tertiary amine catalyst that can balance the reaction of urethane (polyol-isocyanate) and urea (isocyanate-water) in various flexible and rigid polyurethane foams.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) is a synthetic chemical that belongs to the class of polyols.


Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) has the CAS number 3855-32-1.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) appears as a colorless liquid with no odor.
The basic structure of Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) consists of a chain of carbon atoms with three methyl groups and three amino groups attached.


Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) is sparingly.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT), also known as N,N,N’,N”,N”-Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine, the molecular formula is C11H27N3.
Molecular weight of Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) is 201.3522, CAS registration number is 3855-32-1, a kind of chemical intermediate.


Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) is a colorless to light yellow low-viscosity liquid with a fishy smell.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) is soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is strongly alkaline.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (PMDPT):
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) is used as an ingredient in sealants and coatings due to its high molecular weight and good thermal stability.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) has been shown to emit light when exposed to radiation from x-rays or ultraviolet light; this phenomenon is known as phosphorescence.


Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) also emits a strong fluorescence in the blue region of the spectrum.
Polymers based on Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) are commercially available for use as optical filters.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) can improve the opening of flexible foam and reduce the brittleness and adhesion of rigid foam.


Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) is mainly used in the production of car seats and pillows, rigid polyether block foam.
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) is used for automative interiors, seat, cell open rigid foam etc.



FEATURES AND USES OF PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (PMDPT):
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) is a tertiary amine catalyst that can balance the effects of various soft and rigid polyurethane foams.
The reaction of medium carbamate (polyol-isocyanate) and urea (isocyanate-water);
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) can improve the open cell of flexible foam, and can reduce the brittleness and adhesion of rigid foam;
Pentamethyldipropylenetriamine (PMDPT) is mainly used in the production of car seats and pillows, rigid polyether block foam.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (PMDPT):
MF: C11H27N3
MW: 201.35
EINECS: 223-362-3
Boiling point: 102 °C / 1mmHg
density: 0,83 g/cm3
vapor pressure: 2 hPa at 10℃
refractive index: 1.4450 to 1.4480
Fp: 92°C
pka: 9.88±0.28(Predicted)
form: clear liquid
color: Colorless to Yellow to Green
Water Solubility: 193.9g/L at 25℃
LogP: 0 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 3855-32-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: 1,3-Propanediamine, N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N',N'-trimethyl- (3855-32-1)
CAS Number: 3855-32-1
Molecular Weight: 201.352

Density: 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 239.2±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula: C11H27N3
Melting Point: N/A
MSDS: N/A
Flash Point: 80.9±9.0 °C
Density: 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 239.2±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula: C11H27N3
Molecular Weight: 201.352
Flash Point: 80.9±9.0 °C
Exact Mass: 201.220505
PSA: 9.72000
LogP: 0.81
Vapour Pressure: 0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C

Index of Refraction: 1.466
IUPAC Name: N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylpropane-1,3-diamine
Molecular Weight: 201.35
Molecular Formula: C11H27N3
Canonical SMILES: CN(C)CCCN(C)CCCN(C)C
InChI Key: SKCNNQDRNPQEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point: 239.2ºC at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 80.9ºC
Density: 0,83
EC Number: 223-362-3
Exact Mass: 201.22000
H-Bond Acceptor: 3
H-Bond Donor: 0
Safety Description: 26-36/37/39
Molecular Weight: 201.352
Exact Mass: 201.35
EC Number:223-362-3

UNII:R7P2U5FNE4
NSC Number:123346
DSSTox ID:DTXSID1044564
HScode:2921290000
PSA:9.72000
XLogP3:0.81
Appearance:Liquid
Density:0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point:100-102 °C @ Press: 11 Torr
Flash Point:80.9±9.0 °C
Refractive Index:1.466
Melting Point N/A
Boiling Point 239.2±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point 80.9±9.0 °C
Molecular Formula C11H27N3

Molecular Weight 201.352
Density 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Molecular formula:C 11 H 27 N 3
Molecular weight:201,352
Melting point:N/A Boiling
point:239.2±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash point:80.9±9.0 °C
Density :0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Stability:
Solubility in water:
Refractive index:1.466
PSA:9.72000
LogP:0.81
Vapor pressure:0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C
RIDADR:1760
Packing group:
HS code:2921290000



FIRST AID MEASURES of PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (PMDPT):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (PMDPT):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (PMDPT):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (PMDPT):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (PMDPT):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PENTAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (PMDPT):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available


PENTANEDIOIC ACID (GLUTARIC ACID)

DESCRIPTION:
Glutaric acid is the organic compound with the formula C3H6(COOH)2.
Although the related "linear" dicarboxylic acids adipic and succinic acids are water-soluble only to a few percent at room temperature, the water-solubility of glutaric acid is over 50% (w/w).

CAS Number: 110-94-1
EC Number: 203-817-2

Glutaric acid appears as colorless crystals or white solid.
Glutaric acid is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is a linear five-carbon dicarboxylic acid.
Glutaric acid has a role as a human metabolite and a Daphnia magna metabolite.

Glutaric acid is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid and a dicarboxylic fatty acid.
Glutaric acid is a conjugate acid of a glutarate(1-) and a glutarate.
Glutaric acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli


Glutaric acid (Pentanedioic Acid) is a linear dicarboxylic acid.
Glutaric acid (Pentanedioic Acid) has been prepared by oxidizing cyclopentane, cyclopentanol and cyclopentanone.
Glutaric acid is a pentanedioic acid. On exposure to X-rays, glutaric acid crystals generate two stable free radicals.

These free radicals have been investigated by electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) technique.
Presence of glutaric acid in urine and plasma is an indicator of type I glutaric aciduria (GA-I).
Glutaric acid is formed as an intermediate during the catabolism of lysine in mammals.
Electron spin resonance spectra of radical (CO2H)CH2CH2CH(CO2H formed in glutaric acid crystal after γ-irradiation is reported to remains trapped in it.
Polymorphism of Glycine-glutaric acid co-crystals has been studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy.


Glutaric acid, also known as 1,5-pentanedioate or pentanedioic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives.
These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups.
Glutaric acid exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans.

Glutaric acid is an odorless tasting compound.
Glutaric acid has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as eddoes (Colocasia antiquorum), pitangas (Eugenia uniflora), narrowleaf cattails (Typha angustifolia), chicory leaves (Cichorium intybus var. foliosum), and wax apples (Eugenia javanica).
This could make glutaric acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.

Glutaric acid, with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as eosinophilic esophagitis and irritable bowel syndrome; glutaric acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including glutaric aciduria I, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coa lyase deficiency, and short chain acyl-coa dehydrogenase deficiency.
Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Glutaric acid.










BIOCHEMISTRY OF PENTANEDIOIC ACID (GLUTARIC ACID):

Glutaric acid is naturally produced in the body during the metabolism of some amino acids, including lysine and tryptophan.
Defects in this metabolic pathway can lead to a disorder called glutaric aciduria, where toxic byproducts build up and can cause severe encephalopathy.

PRODUCTION OF PENTANEDIOIC ACID (GLUTARIC ACID):
Glutaric acid can be prepared by the ring-opening of butyrolactone with potassium cyanide to give the mixed potassium carboxylate-nitrile that is hydrolyzed to the diacid.
Alternatively hydrolysis, followed by oxidation of dihydropyran gives glutaric acid.
It can also be prepared from reacting 1,3-dibromopropane with sodium or potassium cyanide to obtain the dinitrile, followed by hydrolysis.

USES OF PENTANEDIOIC ACID (GLUTARIC ACID):
1,5-Pentanediol, a common plasticizer and precursor to polyesters is manufactured by hydrogenation of glutaric acid and its derivatives.
Glutaric acid itself has been used in the production of polymers such as polyester polyols, polyamides.
The odd number of carbon atoms (i.e. 5) is useful in decreasing polymer elasticity.
Pyrogallol can be produced from glutaric diester.


USES OF GLUTARIC ACID:
Glutaric acid is used as a precursor in organic synthesis.
For example, uvitonic acid is produced by the action of ammonia on glutaric acid.
Glutaric acid is also used in the preparation of its anhydride and esters.

Glutaric diester can be used for the production of pyrogallol.
Glutaric acid is also used in the manufacture of various polymers such as polyamides and polyesters.
Through the hydrogenation of glutaric acid and its derivatives, 1,5-Pentanediol is produced, which is a common plasticizer and precursor to polyesters.









APPLICATIONS OF PENTANEDIOIC ACID (GLUTARIC ACID):
Glutaric acid may be employed as starting reagent in the synthesis of glutaric anhydride.
Glutaric acid may be used for the following studies:
Complexation with DL-lysine.
Complexes have been reported to possess zwitterionic lysinium ions (positively charged) and semi-glutarate ions (negatively charged).

Synthesis of complexes with L-arginine and L-histidine.
Preparation of glycine-glutaric acid co-crystals.
Phase transition studies of these cocrystals have been reported by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, polarized Raman spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry.


Glutaric acid is used as the raw material for organic synthesis, pharmaceutical intermediate and synthetic resin.
Glutaric acid serves as a precursor in the production of polyester polyols, polyamides, ester plasticizers and corrosion inhibitors.
Glutaric acid is useful to decrease polymer elasticity and in the synthesis surfactants and metal finishing compounds.
Glutaric acid acts as an intermediate during the catabolism of lysine in mammals.



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT PENTANEDIOIC ACID (GLUTARIC ACID):
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product



Safety
Glutaric acid may cause irritation to the skin and eyes.
Acute hazards include the fact that this compound may be harmful by ingestion, inhalation or skin absorption
















CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PENTANEDIOIC ACID (GLUTARIC ACID):
Chemical formula C5H8O4
Molar mass 132.12 g/mol
Melting point 95 to 98 °C (203 to 208 °F; 368 to 371 K)
Boiling point 200 °C (392 °F; 473 K) /20 mmHg
Molecular Weight 132.11 g/mol
XLogP3 -0.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 4
Rotatable Bond Count 4
Exact Mass 132.04225873 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 132.04225873 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 74.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count 9
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 104
Isotope Atom Count 0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Melting Point: 207.5°F
Vapor Pressure: 1 mmHg at 311.9°F ; 10 mmHg at 384.8°F
Vapor Density (Relative to Air): data unavailable
Specific Gravity: 1.424 at 77°F
Boiling Point: 576 to 579°F at 760 mmHg (decomposes)
Molecular Weight: 132.12
Water Solubility: greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 70°F
Assay (acidimetric) ≥ 99,0 %(m)
Melting range (lower value) ≥ 95 °C
Melting range (upper value) ≤ 99 °C
Identity (IR) conforms
Boiling point 302 - 304 °C (1013 hPa) (slow decomposition)
Density 1.429 g/cm3 (15 °C)
Melting Point 97.5 - 98 °C
Vapor pressure 0.022 hPa (18.5 °C)
Solubility 640 g/l





SYNONYMS OF PENTANEDIOIC ACID (GLUTARIC ACID):

glutaric acid
glutaric acid, calcium salt
glutaric acid, copper(2+) salt (1:1)
glutaric acid, disodium salt
glutaric acid, ion(1-)
glutaric acid, monosodium salt
GLUTARIC ACID
Pentanedioic acid
110-94-1
1,5-Pentanedioic acid
glutarate
1,3-Propanedicarboxylic acid
Pentandioic acid
n-Pyrotartaric acid
propane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid
Glutarsaeure
CHEBI:17859
HSDB 5542
NSC 9238
EINECS 203-817-2
UNII-H849F7N00B
BRN 1209725
DTXSID2021654
AI3-24247
H849F7N00B
NSC-9238
MFCD00004410
DTXCID401654
NSC9238
4-02-00-01934 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
1,3-PENTANEDIOIC ACID (RIFM)
68603-87-2
68937-69-9
CAS-110-94-1
ADIPIC ACID IMPURITY A (EP IMPURITY)
ADIPIC ACID IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]
Pentandioate
Acide glutarique
1czc
1,5-Pentanedioate
Glutaric acid, 99%
4lh3
1,3-Propanedicarboxylate
WLN: QV3VQ
pentanedioate;Glutaric acid
bmse000406
D04XDS
GLUTARIC ACID [MI]
Glutaric Acid and Anhydride
SCHEMBL7414
GLUTARIC ACID [HSDB]
GLUTARIC ACID [INCI]
Pentanedioic acid Glutaric acid
CHEMBL1162495
EINECS 273-081-5
Tox21_202448
Tox21_302871
BDBM50485550
s3152
AKOS000118800
CS-W009536
DB03553
HY-W008820
NCGC00249226-01
NCGC00256456-01
NCGC00259997-01
AS-13132
BP-21143
SY029948
FT-0605446
G0069
G0245
EN300-17991
C00489
D70283
A802271
Q409622
Glutaric Acid (ca. 50% in Water, ca. 4.3mol/L)
J-011915
Q-201163
Z57127454
78FA13BF-E0C0-4EFC-948C-534CF45044E3
F2191-0242
Glutaric acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
Glutaric acid [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,3-Propanedicarboxylate
1,5-Pentanedioate
1,5-Pentanedioic acid
110-94-1 [RN]
1209725 [Beilstein]
203-817-2 [EINECS]
Acide glutarique [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Glutarsäure [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
hydrogen glutarate
MFCD00004410 [MDL number]
Pentanedioic acid [ACD/Index Name]
1,3-PROPANEDICARBOXYLIC ACID
111-16-0 [RN]
154184-99-3 [RN]
19136-99-3 [RN]
203-817-2MFCD00004410
271-678-5 [EINECS]
273-081-5 [EINECS]
4-02-00-01934 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) [Beilstein]
43087-19-0 [RN]
68603-87-2 [RN]
68937-69-9 [RN]
8065-59-6 [RN]
Glutaric acid (Pentanedioic acid)
glutaric acid, reagent
Gua
hydron [Wiki]
Pentandioate
Pentandioic acid
pentanedioate
Pentanedioic-2,2,4,4-d4 Acid
Pentanedioic-3,3-d2 Acid
Pentanedioic-d6 Acid
Propane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid
Propane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid|Pentanedioic acid,Glutaric acid
WLN: QV3VQ
戊二酸 [Chinese]



pentasodium salt and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid ( DTPMP.NA5)
Pentasodium DTPA; pentasodiumpentetate; Trilon C Liquid(DTPA); Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic; PENTETIC ACID PENTASODIUM SALT; (ca. 40% in Water, ca. 1.0Mol/L); sodiumdiethylenetriaminepentaacetate; DIETHYLENETRIAMINE-PENTAACETIC ACID NA5; DIETHYLENETRIAMINE PENTAACETIC ACID, NA; pentasodiumdiethylenetriaminepentacetate; PENTASODIUM DIETHYLENETRIAMINEPENTAACETATE; Diethylentriaminpentaessigsure, Natriumsalz; pentasodiumdiethylenetriaminepentaaceticacid; diethylenetriaminepentaacetate,pentasodiumsalt; Diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid pentasodium; PentasodiuM DiethylenetriaMinepentaacetate ; Diethylenetriamine Pentaacetic Acid, Na, 40% Soln.; (DIETHYLENETRINITRILO)PENTAACETIC ACID SODIUM SALT; DIETHYLENETRIAMINEPENTAACETIC ACID PENTASODIUM SALT; (DIETHYLENETRINITRILO)PENTAACETIC ACID PENTASODIUM SALT; n,n-bis(2-(bis(carboxymethyl)amino)ethyl)-glycinpentasodium; n,n-bis(2-(bis(carboxymethyl)amino)ethyl)-glycinpentasodiumsalt; n,n-bis[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl]-glycinpentasodiumsalt; n,n-bis(2-(bis(carboxymethyl)amino)ethyl)glycinepentasodiumsalt; Glycine,N,N-bis[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl]-,pentasodiumsalt; Diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid pentasodium salt solution; DIETHYLENETRIAMINEPENTAACETICACID,PENTASODIUMSALT,41%SOLUTIONINWATER; pentasodium (carboxylatomethyl)iminobis(ethylenenitrilo)tetraacetate; N,N-Bis[2-[bis(sodiooxycarbonylmethyl)amino]ethyl]glycine sodium salt CAS NO:140-01-2
Pentylene Glycol
1,2-DIHYDROXYPENTANE 1,2-PENTANEDIOL PENTANE-1,2-DIOL PTD pentyleneglycol,1,2-pentanediol Pentanediol,98% 1,2-PENTANEDIOL 98+% 1,2 Pentandiol α-n-amylene glycol PENTANDIOL-1,2 hydrolite 5 (Symrise) hydrolite 5 green (Symrise) [CAS] :5343-92-0
PENTYLENE GLYCOL
Pentylene glycol is a specific raw material used by manufacturers of green cosmetic products.
Pentylene glycol is a synthetic compound in the chemical group called 1,2 glycol.
Pentylene glycol is a clear, slightly viscous, colorless, odorless liquid and soluble in water.

CAS Number: 5343-92-0
EC Number: 226-285-3
Molecular Formula (Pentylene glycol): C5H12O2
Molecular Weight: 104.15 g/mol

Synonyms: 1,2-Pentanediol, Pentane-1,2-diol, 1,2-Dihydroxypentane, 5343-92-0, Pylethylene Glycol, glycol, Glycol, Green Protector, 1,2-Dihydroxypentane, MFCD00010736, 1,a2-aPentanediol, EINECS 226-285-3, BRN 1719151, AI3-03317, NSC 513, 108340-61-0, ACMC-20mbh5, ACMC-1AXDB, EC 226-285-3, 1,2-Pentanediol, 96%, SCHEMBL62155, 3-01-00-02191 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), 1,2-Pentanediol, (2R)-, NSC513, WCVRQHFDJLLWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-, DTXSID10863522, NSC-513, AKOS009156977, AS-40006, SY032914, CS-0017222, FT-0606477, FT-0690841, P1178, 3-(2-NITRO-PHENYL)-ISOXAZOL-5-YLAMINE, 98484-EP2372017A1, A829586, Q3374899

Pentylene glycol is a synthetic compound that belongs to the chemical group called 1,2 glycol.
Pentylene glycol is a transparent liquid, slightly viscous, colorless, odorless and soluble in water as well as oil.

Pentylene glycol is naturally derived from sugar cane.
Pentylene glycol is used in many cosmetic products.
Pentylene glycol is also referred to by the names 1,2- dihydroxypentane, 1,2-pentanediol, and pentane-1,2-diol.

Pentylene glycol is a natural polyhydric alcohol and therefore has the ability to bind water.
This property can be used to moisturize the skin.

Skin is better hydrated, looks significantly brighter and feels better.
At the same time, Pentylene glycol naturally helps inhibit the growth of microorganisms on the skin and can therefore be used as an alternative preservative.

Pentylene glycol is soluble in water, acts as an extractant and solvent, is biodegradable, can be used in the pH range of 3-10, and is colorless and odorless.
Pentylene glycol is made from natural sugar cane bagasse and is therefore ideal for natural cosmetics.

Pentylene glycol is a specific raw material used by manufacturers of green cosmetic products.
The most important feature of this preservative is that Pentylene glycol is obtained from agricultural products. For example, corn and sugar cane.
Pentylene glycol is also commonly called pylene glycol.

Pentylene glycol is a synthetic compound in the chemical group called 1,2 glycol.
There are two alcohol groups attached to the 1st and 2nd carbon.

Pentylene glycol is a clear, slightly viscous, colorless, odorless liquid and soluble in water.
Pentylene glycol is also obtained naturally from sugar cane.
Pentylene glycol is also fat-soluble and used in many cosmetic products.

Pentylene glycol is a natural diol derived from sugar cane bagasse's remaining waste, but a cheap synthetic analog also available in the market.
This multifunctional ingredient is a colorless, odorless, slightly viscous liquid that serves as a moisturizer, solubilizer, preservative, emulsion stabilizer, etc.

Pentylene glycol is a well-known moisturizer due to the humectant properties of the molecule, proven scientifically by in-vivo studies.
Also, Pentylene glycol is an excellent solubilizer, as Pentylene glycol helps to solubilize many challenging ingredients, including fragrances.
Pentylene glycol can also increase the clarity of translucent formulations like aqueous gels and toners.

Pentylene glycol protects products from harmful bacteria and improves shelf-life, working synergistically with many preservatives, boosting their efficacy and thus helping to reduce their dose.
In addition, Pentane-1,2-diol stabilizes formulations, especially oil-in-water emulsions (as a co-emulsifier with an HLB value of 8.4), which helps reduce the particle size of emulsions, thus providing less coalescence and better stability.

This diol enhances the bioavailability of other ingredients (proven by ex-vivo study), boosting the activity of both lipophilic and hydrophilic actives.
Furthermore, Pentylene glycol improves pigment distribution, makes whiter and shinier emulsions, promotes penetration into the skin, and improves the efficiency of cooling agents.

Incorporated in sun care applications, Pentylene glycol enhances water resistance and the entire safety of the formula used even in SPF 50+ products.
Pentylene glycol also can control the viscosity and texture of the final product.
In skin and hair care products and decorative cosmetics, Pentylene glycol concentration can reach up to 5%.

Pentylene glycol is used in formulations as an emulsion stabilizer, solvent and a broad spectrum antimicrobial.
Pentylene glycol also helps moisturize and has a light, elegant feel to it.

Pentylene glycol will leave the skin soft and smooth.
Pentylene glycol can help to solubilize and stabilize lipophilic ingredients in aqueous solutions.

Pentylene glycol shows a broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against yeasts, moulds, and bacteria.
Pentylene glycol disturbs the integrity of microbial cell membranes, a mechanism of action that is unlikely to be affected by resistance.

Being a non-ionic ingredient, the anti-microbial effect of Pentylene glycol is largely pH-independent.
Pentylene glycol can act as a standalone antimicrobial protection agent.

In addition, Pentylene glycol can be easily combined with other classical or non-classical antimicrobial agents, to boost their preservation effects.
Pentylene glycol a synthetic, low molecular weight solvent and skin-conditioning agent.

Pentylene glycol is commonly used as a skin conditioning agent, due to Pentylene glycol (1,2 pentanediol)’s ability to help the skin attract and retain moisture.
As such, Pentylene glycol falls into a category of skin care ingredients called humectants.

Pentylene glycol is synthetic humectant used in cosmetics and beauty products that is also secondarily used as a solvent and preservative.
Pentylene glycol is both water and oil-soluble and Pentylene glycol can have moisture-binding and Pentylene glycol can have antimicrobial properties.

Pentylene glycol also has some anti microbial properties, which can make Pentylene glycol a valuable addition to products that are susceptible to contamination of microorganisms.
Pentylene glycol is used as a solvent in chemicals produced to soften and smooth the skin in the cosmetic industry.

Pentylene glycol is used in sunscreens.
Pentylene glycol is a skin moisturizer.

Pentylene glycol preserves moisture in the skin, helps to preserve elasticity and moisture of the skin.
Pethylene glycol has an antimicrobial effect.
Pethylene glycol Lipid and dissolved lipophilic actives can be used in penetration enhancing creams and lotions.

Pethylene glycol Hydrogenated phosphotidylcholine is a high viscosity base composed of protected lipids and glycerol.
Pentylene glycol is an antimicrobial, chemically produced emulsifier.

Pentilen Glycol has been included in the German Pharmaceutical Codex since 2009.
However, Pentylene glycol is not only approved in Germany, but Pentylene glycol is also approved as a cosmetic active ingredient worldwide.

Pentylene glycol is initially based on the immature juice of sugar beets, while synthetic production is standard.
Pentylene glycol is used in day and night creams.

Pentylene glycol is a complex system for paraben esters-free cosmetic and personal care products.
Pentylene glycol is a multifunctional agent that has excellent efficacy as a biostatic and fungistatic agent.
Pentylene glycol can reduce irritation and sensitivity and has a wide broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect.

Pentylene glycol is an ingredient which is found naturally in some plants (such as sugar beets and corn cobs) but is most frequently lab-derived when used in cosmetics.
Pentylene glycol is a humectant, meaning it binds well to water, making Pentylene glycol a good hydrating agent and solvent to aid penetration of other ingredients.
Pentylene glycol also helps improve the texture of skin care formulas and has mild preservative properties when used in amounts between 1-5%.

There have been some reports that Pentylene glycol (along with other glycols) is a skin sensitizer; however, as with many ingredients, the amount and how it’s used are key.

Pentylene glycol is a chemical compound commonly used in the cosmetics and personal care industry as a skincare and beauty product ingredient.
Pentylene glycol is also known by its chemical formula C5H12O2.
Pentylene glycol is a type of glycol, which is a class of organic compounds that contain multiple hydroxyl (OH) groups.

Pentylene glycol proves multifunctional in skincare and cosmetic formulations, offering a spectrum of benefits.
With its hydrating properties, Pentylene glycol serves as an effective moisturizer, aiding in maintaining skin moisture levels, particularly beneficial for individuals with dry or dehydrated skin.

Acting as a solvent, Pentylene glycol ensures a consistent and uniform texture in products by dissolving other ingredients.
Pentylene glycol antimicrobial properties contribute to its role as a preservative, preventing the growth of bacteria and fungi and enhancing Pentylene glycol's longevity.

Recognized for Pentylene glycol mild and non-irritating nature, Pentylene glycol is considered suitable for sensitive skin.
Additionally, Pentylene glycol facilitates the penetration of active ingredients, amplifying the efficacy of skincare formulations.
Overall, Pentylene glycol is a versatile ingredient, addressing various aspects of skincare, from hydration and preservation to compatibility with different skin types.

Pentylene glycol is generally recognized as safe for use in cosmetics and skincare products when used in accordance with regulations and guidelines.
However, as with any ingredient, individual reactions or sensitivities may vary, so it's essential to check Pentylene glycol's ingredients list and perform a patch test if you have sensitive skin or allergies.

Uses of Pentylene glycol:
Pentylene glycol is used as an emulsion stabilizer, humectant, solvent and a broad-spectrum antimicrobial.
Pentylene glycol improves texture of the product.

Pentylene glycol has all the characteristics of a solvent.
Pentylene glycol is not reactive and can dissolve many other compounds.

Pentylene glycol is also known to have antimicrobial properties.

Pentylene glycol offers a double advantage:
Pentylene glycol protects the skin from harmful bacteria, which could otherwise cause body odor and acne problems on the skin.
Secondly, Pentylene glycol protects the product from any microbial growth, so Pentylene glycol can show the same quality during its use and shelf life.

Skin care:
Due to the two -OH groups, Pentylene glycol has a natural tendency to attract water.
Pentylene glycol also retains water, which is especially helpful for dry skin.

Pentylene glycol is used as a humectant and skin conditioning agent, for Pentylene glycol ability to retain moisture.
Pentylene glycol is used in moisturizer, baby sunscreen, around-eye cream, antiperspirant/deodorant, serums & essences, hand cream, anti-aging, facial moisturizer/treatment, detanning products, bath oil/salts/soak, body oil, body firming lotion, cuticle treatment, body wash/cleanser, tanning oil, recreational sunscreen

Hair care:
Pentylene glycol is used in various hair care products such as hair treatment/serum, hair spray, hair styling aide, shampoo, detangler, beard care, shaving cream, beard oil, conditioner, hair color and bleaching, styling gel/lotion, mask, setting powder/spray

Decorative cosmetics:
Pentylene glycol is used in cosmetics such as lipstick, concealer, eye shadow, foundation, CC cream, blush, lip balm, facial powder, bronzer/highlighter, lip gloss, BB cream, makeup primer, brow liner, lip liner, eye liner, lip plumper, lip balm, makeup remover

Uses Area of Pentylene glycol:
Pentylene glycol is used as a solvent in chemicals produced in the cosmetic industry to soften and smooth the skin.
Pentylene glycol has a softening and smoothing effect in this area of use.

Pentylene glycol is used together with steroidal hormones in the manufacture of dermatological products.
In these applications, 1,3-butylene glycol and Mono Propylene Glycol are also used as solvents.

This is because 1,3-butylene glycol and Mono Propylene Glycol do not have completely toxic effects.
Pentylene glycol is used by combining anti-inflammatory hydrocortisone with pylene glycol to relieve minor skin irritation, temporary itching and inflammation.

Pentylene glycol is used in the production of allergy medications.
Pentylene glycol has antimicrobial properties because Pentylene glycol is Dihydric Alcohol.

Pentylene glycol helps prevent unwanted microorganisms due to Pentylene glycol antimicrobial effect.
Pentylene glycol is preferred in the production of quality cosmetic products because Pentylene glycol allergic effects are very low.

Pentylene glycol is used in the manufacture of daily skin care products due to Pentylene glycol moisturizing effect on the skin.
By retaining water on the skin, Pentylene glycol makes the skin more vibrant, smooth and plump.

Pentylene glycol is used as a solvent in chemicals produced to soften and smooth the skin in the cosmetics industry.
Pentylene glycol has a softening and smoothing effect in this area of ​​use.

Pentylene glycol is used together with steroidal hormones in the manufacture of dermatological products.
In these applications, Pentylene glycol and Mono Propylene Glycol are also used as solvents.

This is because Pentylene glycol and Mono Propylene Glycol do not have exactly the toxic effects.
Pentylene glycol is used to relieve minor skin irritation, temporary itching and inflammation, by combining the anti-inflammatory hydrocortisone with pylenylene glycol.

Pentylene glycol is used in the production of allergy medicines.
Pentylene glycol has antimicrobial properties due to being dihydric alcohol.
Due to Pentylene glycol antimicrobial effect, Pentylene glycol helps to prevent unwanted microorganisms.

Pentylene glycol is preferred in the manufacture of quality cosmetic products because of Pentylene glycol very low allergic effects.
Pentylene glycol is used in the manufacture of daily skin care products due to its moisturizing effect on the skin.
By keeping the water on the skin, Pentylene glycol makes the skin more lively, smooth and full.

Applications of Pentylene glycol:
Pentylene glycol has a wide range of applications.
Intermediate finds applications in Initial product for chemical syntheses, Inks and coatings, Plasticizers and Solvent, Industrial chemicals.

Pentylene glycol is used as a plasticizer in cellulose products and adhesives.
Pentylene glycol is used as a brake fluid additive.

Pentylene glycol reacts with 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran to get 5-tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy-pentan-1-ol.
Pentylene glycol is also used to prepare polyesters for emulsifying agents and resin intermediates.

Pentylene glycol is used in ink, toner and colorant products.
In addition to this, Pentylene glycol is used in brake fluid compositions.

Pentylene glycol is used to produce materials made of polyester or polyurethane, for the manufacturing of monomers, for the manufacture of polyester polyols, polycarbonatedioles and acrylic monomers, for the production of delta valerolactone and for molecules that act as reactive diluents, for the production of halogenated substances and for the production of adhesives, putties and sealing compounds, cleaners and auxiliary agents.
Pentylene glycol is used in the processes to produce hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate and peroxyacetic acid and as an intermediate for pharmaceutical products.
Pentylene glycol is used as an ingredient for the production of polymeric thickeners, plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride, sizing agents, surfactants, for starches and chemically modified starch for application in the paper, textile and food industry, for personal hygiene products like shampoo, creams, and for paints.

Benefits of Pentylene glycol:
Pentylene glycol naturally tends to attract water because Pentylene glycol has two -OH groups.
Pentylene glycol also retains water, which is especially beneficial for dry skin.

Pentylene glycol is used as a humidifier due to its moisture retention capacity.
Pentylene glycol has all the properties of a solvent.

Pentylene glycol is non-reactive and can dissolve many other compounds.
As mentioned before, due to Pentylene glycol ability to naturally retain moisture in the skin, Pentylene glycol also nourishes the skin and hair.

Pentylene glycol is also known to have antimicrobial properties.
Pentylene glycol offers a double advantage – Pentylene glycol protects the skin from harmful bacteria that can otherwise cause body odor and acne problems on the skin.

Secondly, Pentylene glycol protects the product from microbial growth, so that Pentylene glycol can maintain the same quality throughout its use and shelf life.
Pentylene glycol is used in the formulations of creams, lotions, moisturizers, cleansers and other skin care products.

Pentylene glycol offers several benefits when used in skincare and cosmetic products:

Moisturization:
Pentylene glycol helps to hydrate the skin by retaining moisture, making Pentylene glycol beneficial for individuals with dry or dehydrated skin.

Solvent:
Pentylene glycol serves as a solvent for various cosmetic ingredients, ensuring that the product has a uniform texture and consistency.

Preservation:
Pentylene glycol has antimicrobial properties, which help prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms like bacteria and fungi in cosmetic products, extending their shelf life.

Skin-Friendly:
Pentylene glycol is known for being mild and non-irritating, making Pentylene glycol suitable for sensitive skin types and reducing the risk of skin irritation or allergic reactions.

Enhanced Ingredient Penetration:
Pentylene glycol can improve the absorption of other active ingredients into the skin, increasing the effectiveness of skincare formulations.

Peoduction of Pentylene glycol:
Pentylene glycol is produced synthetically from corn and sugar cane.

Origin of Pentylene glycol:
Pentylene glycol is based on by-products from manufacturing processes based on sugarcane residues and corn spindles.
However, Pentylene glycol is manufactured in the lab as the consumption is relatively high.

Effect of Pentylene glycol in the formulation:
antimicrobial
Emulsion stabilization
Moisturizer
Solvent

Physical And Chemical Properties of Pentylene glycol:
Pentylene glycol is a physically colorless oil-free liquid.
The density of Pentylene glycol is 0.994 g/mol.

The melting point of Pentylene glycol is -18 °C.
Pentylene glycol is a stable chemical.

Pentylene glycol should be stored at room temperature.
Pentylene glycol is soluble in water.

Safety profile of Pentylene glycol:
Pentylene glycol does not have any evidence to suggest hazardous to health, toxicity, or carcinogenicity.
Pentylene glycol has been found to cause mild irritation to the eyes and skin in skin types that are already sensitized or prone to irritation.

Health Effect of Pentylene glycol:
Pentylene glycol is a semi-synthetic component.
The starting raw materials are of natural origin, but are transformed into a different form than their original state using various processes under laboratory conditions.
These are raw materials obtained without using animal sources (propolis, honey, beeswax, lanolin, collagen, snail extract, milk, etc.).

Pentylene glycol is a criterion that should be taken into consideration for those who want to use vegan products.
Studies have concluded that different effects can be seen on each skin type.

For this reason, the allergy/irritation effect may vary from person to person.
However, Pentylene glycol may cause reactions such as stinging, tingling, itching, redness, irritation, skin flaking and swelling, especially in people with sensitive skin types.

Identifiers of Pentylene glycol:
CAS Number: 5343-92-0
Chem/IUPAC Name: 2-heptanoyloxypentyl heptanoate
EINECS/ELINCS No: 226-285-3
COSING REF No: 58983

Molecular Formula (Pentylene glycol): C5H12O2
Molecular Weight: 104.15 g/mol
Chemical Name: 1,2-Pentanediol
CAS Number: 5343-92-0

Properties of Pentylene glycol:
form: solution
mol wt: Mr ~1500
packaging: pkg of 10 × 4 mL
manufacturer/tradename: Roche
shipped in: wet ice
storage temp.: 2-8°C
SMILES string: C(CO)O
InChI: 1S/C2H6O2/c3-1-2-4/h3-4H,1-2H2
InChI key: LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Other Names of Pentylene glycol:

IUPAC Names:
1,5-Pentanediol
1,5-pentanediol
Pentamethylene glycol
pentane,-1,5-diol
Pentane-1,5-diol
pentane-1,5-diol
Pentane-1,5-diol
pentane-1,5-diol
Pentanediol
Pentylène glycol ( Pentane-1,2-diol; 1,2-Pentanediol)
PERACETIC ACID Peroxyacetic acid Ethaneperoxoic acid Estosteril Acetic peroxide Peroxoacetic acid Monoperacetic acid Osbon AC Acetyl hydroperoxide Proxitane 4002 Desoxon 1 Hydroperoxide, acetyl Ethaneperoxic acid Acide peracetique CAS:79-21-0
Pentylene Glycol, Glyceryl Caprylate, Glyceryl Undecylenate
COSPHADERM TOM CAS Number: 111-29-5. / 26402-26-6 / 123759-97-7
PEPPERMINT EXTRACT

Peppermint Extract, derived from the Mentha piperita plant, is widely known for its cooling, soothing, and refreshing properties.
Peppermint Extract is recognized for its ability to calm irritated skin, provide antimicrobial benefits, and offer a refreshing sensation, making it a valuable ingredient in skincare, oral care, and wellness formulations.
This versatile extract offers both therapeutic and cosmetic benefits, helping to soothe the skin, refresh the senses, and support overall well-being.

CAS Number: 84082-70-2
EC Number: 282-015-4

Synonyms: Peppermint Extract, Mentha piperita Extract, Peppermint Oil Extract, Peppermint Herbal Extract, Peppermint Leaf Extract, Mentha Phytocomplex, Mentha piperita Leaf Extract, Mentha Bioactive Extract, Peppermint Essential Oil, Peppermint Hydrosol



APPLICATIONS


Peppermint Extract is extensively used in skincare products for its cooling and soothing properties, providing relief for irritated and inflamed skin.
Peppermint Extract is favored in the formulation of oral care products, offering freshening, antimicrobial, and soothing benefits for oral health.
Peppermint Extract is utilized in the development of hair care products, providing scalp-soothing and refreshing properties for dandruff or dry scalp.

Peppermint Extract is widely used in the creation of body lotions, offering a cooling effect and refreshing sensation, ideal for after-sun care or post-exercise relief.
Peppermint Extract is employed in the formulation of foot creams, where it helps to refresh and soothe tired, achy feet.
Peppermint Extract is essential in the creation of holistic wellness products designed to promote relaxation and refreshment.

Peppermint Extract is utilized in the production of natural remedies for headaches, providing cooling relief and soothing sensations when applied topically.
Peppermint Extract is a key ingredient in the formulation of lip balms, offering a refreshing and cooling sensation while providing moisture to dry lips.
Peppermint Extract is used in the development of refreshing body washes, providing a cooling and invigorating cleansing experience.

Peppermint Extract is applied in the formulation of hair conditioners, offering a cooling effect and refreshing sensation for the scalp.
Peppermint Extract is employed in the production of aromatherapy oils, where it helps to refresh and invigorate the senses.
Peppermint Extract is used in the development of pain-relief creams, providing cooling relief for muscle aches and joint discomfort.

Peppermint Extract is widely utilized in the formulation of anti-itch creams, offering relief for itchy, irritated skin and insect bites.
Peppermint Extract is a key component in the creation of deodorants, providing natural antimicrobial and refreshing benefits to combat odor.
Peppermint Extract is used in the production of aftershave lotions, providing a cooling and soothing sensation for the skin.

Peppermint Extract is employed in the formulation of refreshing body sprays, offering a cool, revitalizing sensation for the skin.
Peppermint Extract is applied in the development of anti-inflammatory creams, offering soothing relief for inflammation and irritation.
Peppermint Extract is utilized in the creation of cooling gels, offering relief for sunburn, muscle soreness, and irritated skin.

Peppermint Extract is found in the formulation of refreshing mouth rinses, offering cooling and antimicrobial benefits for oral hygiene.
Peppermint Extract is used in the production of scalp treatments, providing relief from itching, dryness, and dandruff.
Peppermint Extract is a key ingredient in cooling foot sprays, providing relief for tired, overheated feet.



DESCRIPTION


Peppermint Extract, derived from the Mentha piperita plant, is widely known for its cooling, soothing, and refreshing properties.
Peppermint Extract is recognized for its ability to calm irritated skin, provide antimicrobial benefits, and offer a refreshing sensation, making it a valuable ingredient in skincare, oral care, and wellness formulations.

Peppermint Extract offers additional benefits such as soothing muscle pain, improving circulation, and reducing skin inflammation.
Peppermint Extract is often incorporated into formulations designed to provide cooling relief for irritated or inflamed skin, while also offering refreshing and antimicrobial properties.
Peppermint Extract is recognized for its ability to invigorate and refresh the senses, promoting relaxation and mental clarity.

Peppermint Extract is commonly used in both traditional and modern wellness formulations, providing a reliable solution for maintaining skin health, oral hygiene, and overall refreshment.
Peppermint Extract is valued for its ability to support the body’s natural healing processes, making it a key ingredient in products that aim to soothe irritation, refresh the senses, and promote well-being.
Peppermint Extract is a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of products, including creams, lotions, oils, oral care, and aromatherapy products.

Peppermint Extract is an ideal choice for products targeting skin irritation, oral health, and muscle relief, providing natural and effective care for these concerns.
Peppermint Extract is known for its compatibility with other refreshing and soothing ingredients, allowing it to be easily integrated into multi-functional formulations.
Peppermint Extract is often chosen for formulations requiring a balance between cooling relief, antimicrobial care, and sensory refreshment, ensuring comprehensive wellness benefits.

Peppermint Extract enhances the overall effectiveness of personal care and wellness products by providing natural support for cooling, refreshing, and soothing the skin.
Peppermint Extract is a reliable ingredient for creating products that offer noticeable improvements in skin comfort, oral hygiene, and mental clarity.
Peppermint Extract is an essential component in innovative wellness products known for their performance, safety, and ability to support skin and oral health while refreshing the senses.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: N/A (Natural extract)
Common Name: Peppermint Extract (Mentha piperita Extract)
Molecular Structure:
Appearance: Light yellow to pale green liquid or powder extract
Density: Approx. 0.89-0.93 g/cm³ (for oil extract)
Melting Point: N/A (oil form)
Solubility: Soluble in oils; slightly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in water
Flash Point: >65°C (for oil extract)
Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; no known reactivity issues
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Storage Temperature: Store between 15-25°C in a cool, dry place
Vapor Pressure: Low (for oil extract)



FIRST AID


Inhalation:
If Peppermint Extract is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.

Skin Contact:
Wash the affected area with soap and water.
If skin irritation persists, seek medical attention.

Eye Contact:
In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.

Ingestion:
If Peppermint Extract is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is conscious, give small sips of water to drink.

Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
No specific antidote.
Provide supportive care.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety goggles if handling large quantities.
Use in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of vapors or dust.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation when handling large amounts of Peppermint Extract to control airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits.

Avoidance:
Avoid direct contact with eyes and prolonged skin contact.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Peppermint Extract.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Contain spills to prevent further release and minimize exposure.
Absorb with inert material (e.g., sand, vermiculite) and collect for disposal.
Dispose of in accordance with local regulations.

Storage:
Store Peppermint Extract in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials (see SDS for specific details).
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination.
Store away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and ignition sources.

Handling Cautions:
Avoid inhalation of vapors or direct contact with skin and eyes.
Use explosion-proof equipment in areas where vapors may be present.



PEPTIDASES
Peptidases are also involved in various cellular processes, such as the regulation of protein activity, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis (programmed cell death).
Peptidases are classified into different types based on their catalytic mechanisms.
Peptidases produced by submerged fermentation of a selected strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

CAS Number: 37259-58-8
EC Number: 253-431-3

Synonyms: Serine proteinase, 37259-58-8, Serine endopeptidase, Serine esterase, Serine peptidase, Serine protease, Seryl protease, Tryase, Proteinase, serine, Caldolase, Cerastobin, Clp proteinase, EINECS 253-431-3, alpha-Fibrinogenase, Maxacal, Porzyme 6, Proteinase T, Serine Proteases

Peptidases can be found in all forms of life and viruses.
They have independently evolved multiple times, and different classes of Peptidases can perform the same reaction by completely different catalytic mechanisms.

Peptidases were first grouped into 84 families according to their evolutionary relationship in 1993, and classified under four catalytic types: serine, cysteine, aspartic, and metalloPeptidases.
A Peptidases is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins.

These enzymes play a crucial role in the digestion of proteins in organisms, breaking them down into smaller peptides or individual amino acids.
The major classes include serine Peptidases, cysteine Peptidases, aspartic Peptidases, metalloPeptidases, and threonine Peptidases.

Each class of Peptidases has distinct properties and is involved in specific biological processes.
Secretion of Peptidases by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can be inhibited by treatment with the fatty acid synthetase inhibitor cerulenin.

A Peptidases (also called a peptidase, proteinase, or proteolytic enzyme) is an enzyme that catalyzes proteolysis, breaking down proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids, and spurring the formation of new protein products.
They do this by cleaving the peptide bonds within proteins by hydrolysis, a reaction where water breaks bonds.

Peptidases are involved in numerous biological pathways, including digestion of ingested proteins, protein catabolism (breakdown of old proteins), and cell signaling.
In the absence of functional accelerants, proteolysis would be very slow, taking hundreds of years.

The threonine and glutamic Peptidases were not described until 1995 and 2004 respectively.
The mechanism used to cleave a peptide bond involves making an amino acid residue that has the cysteine and threonine (Peptidases) or a water molecule (aspartic, glutamic and metalloPeptidases) nucleophilic so that Peptidases can attack the peptide carbonyl group.

One way to make a nucleophile is by a catalytic triad, where a histidine residue is used to activate serine, cysteine, or threonine as a nucleophile.
This is not an evolutionary grouping, however, as the nucleophile types have evolved convergently in different superfamilies, and some superfamilies show divergent evolution to multiple different nucleophiles.

MetalloPeptidases, aspartic, and glutamic Peptidases utilize their active site residues to activate a water molecule, which then attacks the scissile bond.
Peptidases can be highly promiscuous such that a wide range of protein substrates are hydrolyzed.

This is the case for digestive enzymes such as trypsin, which have to be able to cleave the array of proteins ingested into smaller peptide fragments.
Promiscuous Peptidases typically bind to a single amino acid on the substrate and so only have specificity for that residue.
For example, trypsin is specific for the sequences.

Conversely some Peptidases are highly specific and only cleave substrates with a certain sequence.
Blood clotting (such as thrombin) and viral polyprotein processing (such as TEV Peptidases) requires this level of specificity in order to achieve precise cleavage events.

Peptidases are enzymes that break down protein.
These enzymes are made by animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria.

Peptidases break down proteins in the body or on the skin.
This might help with digestion or with the breakdown of proteins involved in swelling and pain.

Some Peptidases that may be found in supplements include bromelain, chymotrypsin, ficin, papain, serrapeptase, and trypsin.
Peptidases, as also called Protease or proteinases, are enzymes that perform proteolysis.

Peptidases is one of the most important biological reactions.
Peptidases activity has been attributed to a class of enzymes called Peptidases.

These enzymes are of wide distribution, and they perform significant biological processes.
Peptidases have evolved to perform these reactions by numerous different mechanisms and different classes of Peptidases can perform the same reaction by completely different catalytic mechanisms.

Peptidases are found in animals, plants, bacteria, archaea, and viruses.
Peptidases are involved in protein processing, regulation of protein function, apoptosis, viral pathogenesis, digestion, photosynthesis, and numerous other vital processes.

Peptidases mechanism of action classifies them as either serine, cysteine or threonine Peptidases (amino-terminal nucleophile hydrolases), or as aspartic, metallo and glutamic Peptidases (with glutamic Peptidases being the only subtype not found in mammals so far).
Peptidases of peptide bonds is recognized as an essential and ubiquitous mechanism for the regulation of a myriad of physiological processes.

Four main classes of proteolytic enzymes have been routinely utilized to describe Peptidases.
The serine Peptidases are probably the best characterized.

This class of Peptidases includes trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase.
The cysteine Peptidases class includes papain, calpain and lysosomal cathepsins.

Aspartic Peptidases include pepsin and rennin.
Metallo-Peptidases include thermolysin and carboxypeptidase A.

Peptidases are enzymes that cleave peptide bonds in proteins.
Peptidases serves as the nucleophilic amino acid at the (enzyme's) active site.

They are found ubiquitously in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
Peptidases fall into two broad categories based on their structure: chymotrypsin-like (trypsin-like) or subtilisin-like.

Peptidases is a general term for a class of enzymes that hydrolyze protein peptide bonds.
According to the manner in which the polypeptide is hydrolyzed, Peptidases can be divided into two types, an endopeptidase and an exopeptidase.

The endopeptidase cleaves the inside of the protein molecule to form a small molecular peptide.
The exopeptidase hydrolyzes the peptide bond one by one from the terminal of the free amino group or carboxyl group of the protein molecule, and the amino acid is released, the former being an aminopeptidase and the latter being a carboxypeptidase.

Peptidases can be further divided into serine Peptidases, thiol Peptidases, metallo proteinase and aspartic Peptidases according to its active center.
According to the optimum pH value of the reaction, Peptidases is divided into acid Peptidases, neutral Peptidases and alkaline Peptidases.

Peptidases is used in industrial production, mainly endopeptidase.
Peptidases are widely found in animal viscera, plant stems, leaves, fruits and microorganisms. Microbial Peptidases are mainly produced by molds and bacteria, followed by yeasts and actinomycetes.

Peptidases have many types, and important ones are pepsin, trypsin, cathepsin, papain, and subtilisin.
Peptidases has strict selectivity for the reaction substrate to be applied.

Peptidases can only act on certain peptide bonds in the protein molecules, such as peptide bonds formed by trypsin catalyzed hydrolysis of basic amino acids.
Peptidases is a widely distributed protein, and is especially abundant in the digestive tract of humans and animals.

Due to the limited resources of animals and plants, the industrial production of Peptidases preparations is mainly prepared by fermentation of microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus oryzae.
Peptidases are a class of proteins that break down other proteins.

They are also called proteolytic enzymes.
Peptidases are classified by the amino acids or ligands that catalyze the hydrolysis reaction.
For example, Peptidases contain a serine in the active site.

The Peptidases is helped by a neighboring histidine and aspartic acid.
This combination is called the catalytic triad, and is conserved in all serine Peptidases.

Peptidases work in a two step fashion; first, they form a covalent bond with the protein to be cleaved; in the second step, water comes in and releases the second half of the cleaved protein.
Peptidases use cysteine as a nucleophile just like serine Peptidases use serine as a nucleophile.
Peptidases include a number of digestive enzymes, including Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, and Elastase.

While they all contain the same three amino acids that work together to catalyze the reaction, called the catalytic triad, they differ in where they cleave proteins.
This specificity is due to a binding pocket that contains different functional groups.

Chymotrypsin prefers a large hydrophobic residue; Peptidases pocket is large and contains hydrophobic residues.
In this representation of the binding pocket, the hydrophobic phenylalanine of the substrate is shown in green, and the hydrophobicity of the surrounding amino acids is shown by grey (hydrophobic) or purple (hydrophilic) balls.

Peptidases is specific for positively charged residues like lysine, and contains a negative amino acid, aspartic acid, at the bottom of the pocket.
Peptidases prefers a small neutral residue; Peptidases has a very small pocket.

Peptidases include enzymes that have a role in regulating cellular processes such as caspases and deubiquitinase.
Caspases hydrolyze proteins during apoptosis.
Peptidases play a role in regulating protein degradation, e.g. Cdu1 from Chlamydia.

Another class of Peptidases is aspartate Peptidases.
This family includes HIV Peptidases.

HIV produces Peptidases proteins as one long chain; HIV Peptidases cleaves the long protein into functional units.
Because Peptidases cleaves long proteins, Peptidases has a tunnel to accommodate the long peptide substrate, and the top "flaps" of the protein can open and closeto allow the substrate in and products out.

Aspartate Peptidases include two aspartate residues in the active site, which increase the reactivity of an active site water molecule to directly cleave the substrate protein.
A third class of Peptidases are metalloPeptidases such as carboxypeptidase.

CarboxyProtease remove the C terminal amino acids from proteins.
The active site contains zinc , which is bound to the protein through interactions with histidine (H), serine (S) aspartic acid (E) residues.

Proteolytic enzymes (Peptidases) are enzymes your pancreas makes to break down protein from diet into amino acids, which are used for growth and tissue repair.
These enzymes may also reduce inflammation and support immune function, though more research is needed.

Peptidases (also called Proteolytic Enzymes, Protease, or Proteinases) are enzymes that hydrolyze the amide bonds within proteins or peptides.
Most Peptidases act in a specific manner, hydrolyzing bonds at or adjacent to specific residues or a specific sequence of residues contained within the substrate protein or peptide.

Peptidases play an important role in most diseases and biological processes including prenatal and postnatal development, reproduction, signal transduction, the immune response, various autoimmune and degenerative diseases, and cancer.
They are also an important research tool, frequently used in the analysis and production of proteins.

Peptidases have been called biology’s version of Swiss army knives, able to cut long sequences of proteins into fragments.
A Peptidases is an enzyme that breaks the long, chainlike molecules of proteins so they can be digested.

This process is called proteolysis, and Peptidases turns protein molecules into shorter fragments, called peptides, and eventually into their components, called amino acids.
Proteins start as a tough, complex, folded structure, and they can only be broken down or disassembled with Peptidases enzymes.

The process of digesting proteins starts in the stomach, where hydrochloric acid unfolds the proteins and the enzyme pepsin begins to disassemble them.
The pancreas releases Peptidases enzymes (primarily trypsin), and in the intestines, they break protein chains apart into smaller pieces.
Then enzymes on the surface and inside of intestinal cells break the pieces down even further, so they become amino acids that are ready for use throughout the body.

When these Peptidases enzymes aren’t present in the body to break down protein molecules, the intestinal lining would not be able to digest them, which can lead to some serious health issues.
Peptidases are produced by the pancreas, and they are also found in some fruits, bacteria and other microbes.

The digestive tract produces three different forms of Peptidases in digestive tracts: trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase.
These three Peptidases attack different peptide linkages to allow for the generation of amino acids, the building blocks of protein.

Peptidases enzymes are often classified based on their origins.
Some Peptidases are produced in bodies, some come from plants and others have a microbial origin.

Different types of Peptidases have different biological processes and mechanisms.
Peptidases are enzymes that specialize in the cleavage of peptide bonds.

Their activities may be relatively indiscriminate, breaking polypeptides down to their basic elements, or exquisitely precise, cleaving a substrate at a specific residue to alter protein activity.
These illustrations highlight scientific concepts that rely on proteolytic activity and emphasize the importance of Peptidases in some of the most studied areas of cell biology.

These enzymes contain a serine residue in their active site and play crucial roles in digestion (e.g., trypsin, chymotrypsin) and blood clotting (e.g., thrombin).
Enzymes with a cysteine residue in their active site, involved in various cellular processes, including apoptosis. Examples include caspases.

These enzymes use an aspartate residue in their active site and are involved in digestion (e.g., pepsin) and some viral processing.
Metal ions, typically zinc, are essential for the catalytic activity of these enzymes.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are an example, involved in tissue remodeling and wound healing.

These Peptidases have a threonine residue in their active site and are found in certain microorganisms.
In the digestive system, Peptidases break down dietary proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids, facilitating their absorption in the small intestine.

Peptidases are involved in regulating various cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and signal transduction.
Some Peptidases are responsible for activating or inactivating proteins by cleaving specific peptide bonds.

Peptidases participate in immune responses by degrading foreign proteins, such as those from pathogens.
Peptidases are used in laundry detergents and cleaning products to break down protein-based stains.

Peptidases can be employed to cleave specific peptide tags used in recombinant protein production, aiding in the purification of the target protein.
Peptidases inhibitors and activators are used in drug development for various medical conditions, including HIV, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Peptidases are essential tools in molecular biology for protein analysis, structure-function studies, and manipulation of proteins.
Peptidases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins, is one of the most mature.

At the beginning of the 21st century, microbial Peptidases has been reported more than 900 species, the biological activities of the organism and the occurrence of diseases, such as digestion and absorption of food, blood coagulation, hemolysis, inflammation, blood pressure regulation, cell differentiation autolysis, aging, cancer metastasis, activation of physiologically active peptides, etc., are not related to Peptidases.

Peptidases are closely related to humans and are involved in all aspects of life.
Peptidases are widely used in food, pharmaceutical, chemical, detergent, feed and other fields, the gross product reached 65% of the enzyme market.

Peptidases is a kind of enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of protein, which is the earliest and the most in-depth enzyme in the study of Enzymology.
Microbial Peptidases source is wide, Cell Nutrition requirement is low, easy to culture, compared with animal and plant source Peptidases, Peptidases is easier to realize large-scale production.

Early research on microbial Peptidases, more concentrated in the breeding of natural high-yield strains, optimization of fermentation conditions and downstream processing technology, the overall research level is not high, did not really take into account, various aspects of large-scale production technology.
Until the 70 s of the 20th century, after the establishment of recombinant DNA technology, the research in the field of Peptidases molecular biology was carried out, and the sequence analysis, cloning and expression of Peptidases genes were realized, which made the large-scale production possible.

A seventh catalytic type of proteolytic enzymes, asparagine peptide lyase, was described in 2011.
Peptidases proteolytic mechanism is unusual since, rather than hydrolysis, Peptidases performs an elimination reaction.
During this reaction, the catalytic asparagine forms a cyclic chemical structure that cleaves itself at asparagine residues in proteins under the right conditions.

Given Peptidases fundamentally different mechanism, its inclusion as a peptidase may be debatable.
An up-to-date classification of Peptidases evolutionary superfamilies is found in the MEROPS database.
In this database, Peptidases are classified firstly by 'clan' (superfamily) based on structure, mechanism and catalytic residue order (e.g. the PA clan where P indicates a mixture of nucleophile families).

Within each 'clan', Peptidases are classified into families based on sequence similarity (e.g. the S1 and C3 families within the PA clan).
Each family may contain many hundreds of related Peptidases (e.g. trypsin, elastase, thrombin and streptogrisin within the S1 family).

Peptidases, being themselves proteins, are cleaved by other Peptidases molecules, sometimes of the same variety.
This acts as a method of regulation of Peptidases activity.

Some Peptidases are less active after autolysis (e.g. TEV Peptidases) whilst others are more active (e.g. trypsinogen).
In the human digestive system, Peptidases like pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin break down dietary proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids, facilitating their absorption in the small intestine.

Peptidases are commonly used in laundry detergents and cleaning products for their ability to break down protein-based stains.
This is particularly effective in removing stains like blood, grass, and food.

Peptidases can be used to tenderize meat by breaking down collagen and connective tissues.
Peptidases contribute to the development of flavors in certain food products by breaking down proteins into smaller, more palatable fragments.

Dairy Processing: Peptidases are used in cheese production to modify texture and flavor.
Peptidases play a crucial role in protein purification.

They are used to cleave fusion tags from recombinant proteins, facilitating their isolation and purification.
Peptidases inhibitors are important in drug development, especially in the treatment of diseases where Peptidases activity needs to be modulated.
For example, Peptidases inhibitors are used in the treatment of HIV.

Researchers modify and engineer Peptidases for specific applications.
This may involve altering their substrate specificity, stability, or other properties to suit industrial or therapeutic purposes.

Peptidases are valuable tools in molecular biology and biochemistry research.
Techniques such as limited proteolysis are used to study protein structure, function, and interactions.

Certain Peptidases, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), play a role in tissue remodeling.
Understanding and controlling Peptidases activity is important in applications related to wound healing and tissue engineering.

Some Peptidases are used as diagnostic tools.
For example, the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a Peptidases used as a biomarker for prostate cancer.

Peptidases are used in bioremediation processes to degrade proteins present in organic waste.
This can be useful in environmental cleanup efforts.

Peptidases are sometimes used in cosmetics for exfoliation purposes.
They can help remove dead skin cells and improve skin texture.

Peptidases occur in all organisms, from prokaryotes to eukaryotes to virus.
These enzymes are involved in a multitude of physiological reactions from simple digestion of food proteins to highly regulated cascades (e.g., the blood-clotting cascade, the complement system, apoptosis pathways, and the invertebrate prophenoloxidase-activating cascade).

Peptidases can either break specific peptide bonds (limited proteolysis), depending on the amino acid sequence of a protein, or completely break down a peptide to amino acids (unlimited proteolysis).
The activity can be a destructive change (abolishing a protein's function or digesting Peptidases to its principal components), Peptidases can be an activation of a function, or Peptidases can be a signal in a signalling pathway.

Peptidases are used throughout an organism for various metabolic processes.
Acid Peptidases secreted into the stomach (such as pepsin) and serine Peptidases present in the duodenum (trypsin and chymotrypsin) enable us to digest the protein in food.

Peptidases present in blood serum (thrombin, plasmin, Hageman factor, etc.) play an important role in blood-clotting, as well as lysis of the clots, and the correct action of the immune system.
Other Peptidases are present in leukocytes (elastase, cathepsin G) and play several different roles in metabolic control.

Some snake venoms are also Peptidases, such as pit viper haemotoxin and interfere with the victim's blood clotting cascade.
Peptidases determine the lifetime of other proteins playing important physiological roles like hormones, antibodies, or other enzymes.

This is one of the fastest "switching on" and "switching off" regulatory mechanisms in the physiology of an organism.
Bacteria secrete Peptidases to hydrolyse the peptide bonds in proteins and therefore break the proteins down into their constituent amino acids.

Bacterial and fungal Peptidases are particularly important to the global carbon and nitrogen cycles in the recycling of proteins, and such activity tends to be regulated by nutritional signals in these organisms.
The net impact of nutritional regulation of Peptidases activity among the thousands of species present in soil can be observed at the overall microbial community level as proteins are broken down in response to carbon, nitrogen, or sulfur limitation.

The genomes of some viruses encode one massive polyprotein, which needs a Peptidases to cleave this into functional units (e.g. the hepatitis C virus and the picornaviruses).
These Peptidases (e.g. TEV Peptidases) have high specificity and only cleave a very restricted set of substrate sequences.

They are therefore a common target for Peptidases inhibitors.
Cells often produce Peptidases inhibitors to regulate the activity of Peptidases.

These inhibitors bind to Peptidases and prevent them from catalyzing the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.
This regulation is crucial for maintaining a balance in cellular processes.

Altered activity of Peptidases is associated with cancer progression.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), for example, are implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis.

Peptidases, such as proteasomes, are involved in the clearance of misfolded proteins.
Dysregulation of Peptidases has been linked to neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

Proteasomes are large protein complexes responsible for degrading unneeded or damaged proteins in the cell.
They play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by regulating the concentration of specific proteins.

In the context of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection, Peptidases inhibitors are a class of antiretroviral drugs.
They block the activity of the HIV Peptidases enzyme, preventing the virus from producing infectious particles.

Scientists engage in Peptidases engineering to modify and optimize Peptidases for specific applications.
This involves altering their substrate specificity, stability, or other properties for industrial or therapeutic purposes.

Researchers use Peptidases as tools in the lab to study protein structure and function.
Techniques like limited proteolysis involve treating proteins with Peptidases to identify structural domains or determine conformational changes.

Peptidases are employed in the food industry for various purposes.
For example, they can be used in the production of certain foods to enhance flavor or texture.

Additionally, Peptidases play a role in the tenderization of meat.
Caspases, a family of cysteine Peptidases, play a central role in the process of apoptosis.

They cleave specific proteins, leading to the controlled dismantling of the cell.
Peptidases are targets for drug discovery.

Developing drugs that specifically inhibit or activate certain Peptidases can have therapeutic implications, especially in conditions where Peptidases dysregulation is involved.
The activity of Peptidases is inhibited by Peptidases inhibitors.

One example of Peptidases inhibitors is the serpin superfamily.
Peptidases includes alpha 1-antitrypsin (which protects the body from excessive effects of Peptidases own inflammatory Peptidases), alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (which does likewise), C1-inhibitor (which protects the body from excessive Peptidases-triggered activation of Peptidases own complement system), antithrombin (which protects the body from excessive coagulation), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (which protects the body from inadequate coagulation by blocking Peptidases-triggered fibrinolysis), and neuroserpin.

Natural Peptidases inhibitors include the family of lipocalin proteins, which play a role in cell regulation and differentiation.
Lipophilic ligands, attached to lipocalin proteins, have been found to possess tumor Peptidases inhibiting properties.

The natural Peptidases inhibitors are not to be confused with the Peptidases inhibitors used in antiretroviral therapy.
Some viruses, with HIV/AIDS among them, depend on Peptidases in their reproductive cycle.

Thus, Peptidases inhibitors are developed as antiviral therapeutic agents.
Other natural Peptidases inhibitors are used as defense mechanisms.

Common examples are the trypsin inhibitors found in the seeds of some plants, most notable for humans being soybeans, a major food crop, where they act to discourage predators.
Raw soybeans are toxic to many animals, including humans, until the Peptidases inhibitors they contain have been denatured.

Proteolytic enzymes are essential for many important processes in your body.
They’re also called Protease or proteinases.

In the human body, they are produced by the pancreas and stomach.
While proteolytic enzymes are most commonly known for their role in the digestion of dietary protein, they perform many other critical jobs as well.
For example, they are essential for cell division, blood clotting, immune function and protein recycling, among other vital processes (1Trusted Source).

Like humans, plants also depend on proteolytic enzymes throughout their life cycles.
Not only are these enzymes necessary for the proper growth and development of plants, they also help keep them healthy by acting as a defense mechanism against pests like insects.

Interestingly, people can benefit from ingesting plant-derived proteolytic enzymes.
As a result, proteolytic enzyme supplements may contain both animal- and plant-derived enzymes.
Peptidases (both endo- and exo- types with no systemic name) are enzymes that are commercially derived from the fungus, Aspergillus oryzae or Aspergillus niger, via a fermentation process.

During the recovery phase of production, manufacturers destroy the starting fungi, A. oryzae or A. niger, before removing the non-proteinaceous material away from the Peptidases preparation.
Peptidases are recovered from the fermentation broth in an aqueous solution and then processed to a dried state.

Uses of Peptidases:
Peptidases from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has been used for the unhairing of hides and skins.
Peptidases has also been used in a study to investigate peptide bond formation using the carbamoylmethyl ester as the acyl donor.
The field of Peptidases research is enormous.

Since 2004, approximately 8000 papers related to this field were published each year.
Peptidases are used in industry, medicine and as a basic biological research tool.

Peptidases can be used to disrupt biofilms, which are communities of microorganisms encased in a protective matrix.
Breaking down the biofilm matrix helps in combating bacterial infections.

Researchers are exploring the use of Peptidases for targeted cancer therapies.
Peptidases can be designed to selectively activate prodrugs in cancer cells, minimizing damage to healthy tissues.

Peptidases inhibitors are being investigated for use in agriculture to protect crops from pests.
These inhibitors interfere with the digestive processes of certain insects, offering a potential eco-friendly pest control strategy.

Peptidases are used in skincare products for their exfoliating properties.
They help remove dead skin cells, promoting skin renewal and potentially reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

Peptidases are incorporated into biosensors for detecting specific biomolecules.
The changes in fluorescence or other properties resulting from Peptidases activity can be used as signals for the presence of certain substances.

Peptidases are employed in biocatalytic processes for organic synthesis.
They can catalyze specific reactions with high selectivity, providing environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional chemical methods.

Certain Peptidases are explored as biopesticides to control insect pests in agriculture.
These Peptidases can disrupt insect digestive processes, leading to reduced feeding and growth.

Peptidases associated with tumor development and progression can be targeted for imaging purposes.
Peptidases-activated imaging agents can provide insights into the presence and activity of Peptidases in cancerous tissues.

Peptidases and their substrates are investigated as potential biomarkers for various diseases.
Detection of specific Peptidases activity patterns may aid in early disease diagnosis.

Understanding individual variations in Peptidases activity may contribute to the development of personalized medicine.
Tailoring treatments based on Peptidases profiles could enhance therapeutic efficacy.

Peptidases are being explored for environmental monitoring, particularly in assessing water quality.
Changes in Peptidases activity can indicate contamination or changes in microbial communities.

Digestive Peptidases are part of many laundry detergents and are also used extensively in the bread industry in bread improver.
A variety of Peptidases are used medically both for their native function (e.g. controlling blood clotting) or for completely artificial functions (e.g. for the targeted degradation of pathogenic proteins).

Highly specific Peptidases such as TEV Peptidases and thrombin are commonly used to cleave fusion proteins and affinity tags in a controlled fashion.
Peptidases-containing plant-solutions called vegetarian rennet have been in use for hundreds of years in Europe and the Middle East for making kosher and halal Cheeses.

Vegetarian rennet from Withania coagulans has been in use for thousands of years as a Ayurvedic remedy for digestion and diabetes in the Indian subcontinent.
Peptidases is also used to make Paneer.

Peptidases are utilized in the textile industry for processes such as desizing and finishing.
They help remove unwanted fibers and improve the texture and appearance of fabrics.

Peptidases can be employed in the production of biofuels.
They assist in the breakdown of plant cell walls, releasing sugars that can be fermented into biofuels.

Peptidases are used in the leather industry to aid in the dehairing and softening of hides during leather processing.
Peptidases can be used in the food industry to modify the properties of certain foods, such as enhancing the solubility of proteins in beverages or improving the texture of baked goods.

Some Peptidases, like thrombin, are used in medicine as anti-clotting agents.
They are employed in anticoagulant therapies to prevent abnormal blood clot formation.

Peptidases are used to hydrolyze proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids, contributing to the development of savory flavors in processed foods.
Peptidases can be applied in the pulp and paper industry to modify the characteristics of paper pulp, leading to improved paper quality.

Inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, involve excessive Peptidases activity.
Therapies aimed at modulating Peptidases activity are being explored for potential treatment options.

Peptidases are used in fish feed formulations to improve the digestibility of proteins, promoting better growth and health in farmed fish.
Peptidases are being investigated for their potential use in decontaminating surfaces exposed to biological warfare agents.

They can break down proteins in these agents, rendering them harmless.
Peptidases are employed in various biochemical assays and tests to study enzyme kinetics, substrate specificity, and other aspects of enzymatic reactions.

Peptidases are commonly used in laundry detergents and stain removers.
They help break down protein-based stains, such as blood, grass, and food, making them easier to wash away.

Meat Tenderization: Peptidases are used to tenderize meat by breaking down collagen and connective tissues, improving the texture of the meat.
Peptidases are employed in cheese production to modify texture and flavor.

In brewing, Peptidases can be used to break down proteins that might cause haze in beer. In baking, they can improve the texture of dough.
Peptidases are used in biotechnology for protein purification.
They can be employed to cleave fusion tags from recombinant proteins, facilitating the isolation and purification of the desired protein.

Peptidases inhibitors are essential in drug development.
For example, Peptidases inhibitors are used in the treatment of HIV by inhibiting the viral Peptidases, preventing the maturation of new virus particles.
Peptidases may be used in enzyme replacement therapies for individuals with certain genetic disorders that result in deficient Peptidases activity.

Peptidases are valuable tools in molecular biology research.
Techniques such as limited proteolysis are used to study protein structure, function, and interactions.

Peptidases, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), play a role in tissue remodeling.
Understanding and controlling Peptidases activity is important in applications related to wound healing and tissue engineering.

Some Peptidases, like the prostate-specific antigen (PSA), are used as diagnostic biomarkers for certain medical conditions, such as prostate cancer.
Peptidases are used in bioremediation processes to degrade proteins present in organic waste, contributing to environmental cleanup efforts.

Peptidases are sometimes used in cosmetics for exfoliation purposes.
They can help remove dead skin cells and improve skin texture.
In certain medical conditions, enzyme replacement therapy involving Peptidases may be used to supplement deficient or missing enzyme activity in the body.

Classification of Peptidases:
Peptidases are divided into two categories: exoPeptidase and endopeptidases.
ExoPeptidase only act on the C- terminal or N-terminal peptide bonds of the substrate, endopeptidase can only hydrolyze the peptide bonds inside the macromolecular protein and is a true Peptidases.

There have been a variety of methods of classification of Peptidases, but they are not perfect, some to the active center, or to the mode of action, but also to the optimal pH value, academic to the active center to point.

Peptidases can be divided into four classes according to the active center:
(1) serine Peptidases
(2) aspartic Peptidases
(3) cysteine Peptidases
(4) metalloPeptidases.

Serine Peptidases enzymes are widely found in animal pancreas, bacteria, mold, the active center contains serine residues, enzyme activity can be, diisopropylphosphoryl fluoride (DFP), benzene methyl sulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) and potato inhibitors (PI) and other specific inhibition.
The optimum pH of the enzyme is alkaline Peptidases at 9.5~10.5, but some serine Peptidases are neutral Peptidases, and some enzymes also contain cysteine residues due to the active center, Peptidases can be inhibited by the thiol reagent to the chlorine Mercury benzoic acid (PCMB).

The specificity for the substrate is similar to that for chyme trypsin.
Metalloproteinases this kind of Peptidases is mainly neutral Peptidases, the optimum pH is 7~8, most of the active center contains Zn2 and other divalent metals, can be subject to metal chelating agent EDTA or phenanthroline (O-Phenanthroline,OP) the inhibition of such Peptidases is less stable, limited use, and less important than alkaline and acid Peptidases.

Metalloproteinases also include the alkaline Peptidases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, snake venom and collagenase.
Microbial Metallo-neutral Peptidases, such as bacterial and fungal neutral Peptidases, can cleave amino-terminal peptide bonds composed of hydrophobic or other amino acid residues.
Aspartic acid Peptidases pepsin, fungal acid Peptidases is the active center containing aspartic acid acid Peptidases, the optimum pH of this kind of enzyme is 2.0~5.0, in acidic stability, rapid inactivation of the enzyme at pH above 6, PI 3-4.5, diazoacetyl-N-leucine methyl ester (DAN) and 1, 2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenyl) propane (EPNP), is an obligate inhibitor of this kind of enzyme, the molecular weight of the enzyme 30~45 kDa.

Cysteine Peptidases this kind of enzyme is also called thiol Peptidases, known that this kind of enzyme has about 20 families, widely exists in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, Peptidases active center contains a pair of amino acids that is Cys-His, different groups of enzymes before and after Cys and His in different order.
Typically, such enzymes require the presence of a reducing agent, such as HCN or cysteine, to be active.

Specificity of Peptidases:
The specificity of the Peptidases is expressed in the selectivity of the substrate peptide bond, Peptidases is not only affected by amino acid residues on one or both sides of the peptide bond at the cleavage point, but also sometimes affected by several amino acid residue units separated from the point of action, and also affected by the length of the peptide bond.
The study of the specificity of Peptidases is usually carried out with synthetic substrates of known sequence, for the above reasons, often inconsistent with the hydrolysis of natural proteins.

Production of Peptidases:
Peptidases is widely used, which not only simplifies the production process of relevant industries, but also saves investment, Peptidases reduces the consumption of raw materials, improves the yield and quality of products, and makes a positive contribution to improving environmental protection and reducing carbon dioxide emissions.
The factors affecting the production of microbial Peptidases is very complex, the same microorganism because of different culture conditions, can produce a variety of Peptidases, most of the bacillus is aerobic non-toxin and non-pathogenic, easy to culture.
Microbial Peptidases enzyme composition is very complex, the same enzyme electrophoresis, chromatography and other separation techniques, but also can separate a number of molecular weight, amino acid composition, optimum pH, temperature and isoelectric point of different composition, the similarities and differences in the amino acid sequence and conformation of the enzyme can also be seen by the immunological antigen antibody reaction.

Safety Profile of Peptidases:
Peptidases can be irritating to the skin and eyes, particularly at higher concentrations.
Direct contact with Peptidases-containing solutions may lead to redness, itching, or irritation.
Proper personal protective equipment (PPE) should be used when handling these enzymes.

Inhalation of Peptidases-containing dust or aerosols may lead to respiratory sensitization in some individuals.
Adequate ventilation and respiratory protection may be necessary in situations where aerosols are generated.
Some individuals may develop allergic reactions to Peptidases.

Sensitization to these enzymes can occur through repeated exposure, and individuals with a history of allergies or asthma may be more susceptible.
Ingestion of Peptidases can lead to irritation and sensitization in the gastrointestinal tract.
This is relevant in industries where workers may be exposed to Peptidases-containing substances.

Workers in industries such as biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and food processing may face occupational exposure to Peptidases.
Proper safety measures, including training, PPE, and engineering controls, should be implemented to minimize risks.
In some applications, such as biocatalysis or protein engineering, Peptidases may be used to catalyze specific reactions.

Identifiers of Peptidases:
Chemical Name: Peptidases
CBNumber: CB5670040
Molecular Weight: 0
MDL Number: MFCD01940183

Properties of Peptidases:
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: H2O: 5-20 mg/mL
form: powder
color: white
FDA 21 CFR: 310.545
EWG's Food Scores: 1

Solubility: H2O: 5-20mg/mL
Appearance: powder
Color: white
Storage Condition: 2-8°C

Specifications of Peptidases:
Appearance: White powder
Assay: 99% min
PERACETIC ACID
Peracetic Acid (also known as Proxitane, or PAA) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO3H.
Peracetic Acid is “low foaming” and ideal for use in “Clean in Place” systems.


CAS Number: 79-21-0
EC Number: 201-186-8
Chemical formula: CH3CO3H



Ethaneperoxoic acid, Peroxyacetic acid, Acetic peroxide, Acetyl hydroperoxide, Proxitane, peracetic acid, peroxyacetic acid, estosteril, acetic peroxide, peroxoacetic acid, monoperacetic acid, osbon ac, acetyl hydroperoxide, proxitane 4002, desoxon 1,



Peracetic Acid is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
Peracetic Acid (also known as PAA) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO3H.


Peracetic Acid is a colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor reminiscent of acetic acid.
Peracetic Acid is a weaker acid than the parent acetic acid, with a pKa of 8.2.
Peracetic Acid does not fix proteins, eliminates biofilm and is effective even in the presence of organic materials.


Peracetic Acid is formulated with very effective corrosion inhibitors, it is safe for most common endoscope materials.
Peracetic Acid is non-corrosive to stainless steel plant equipment under both hot and cold conditions.
Efficacy may be reduced by grease, fat, proteins and other organic matter.


Peracetic Acid works best at a pH <7; hence, rinse equipment of alkaline detergents.
Peracetic Acid is amongst the most powerful biocides known to man.
Peracetic Acid is effective against a wide spectrum of microbiological contaminations including aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and their spores, yeasts, moulds, fungi and their spores, and viruses.


Peracetic Acid is extremely rapid in its action at ambient temperatures.
Peracetic Acid is “low foaming” and ideal for use in “Clean in Place” systems.
It is a water clear, colourless liquid comprising an equilibrium mixture of Peracetic Acid, water, acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide.
Peracetic Acid is a colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor reminiscent of acetic acid.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PERACETIC ACID:
Peracetic Acid is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, paper chemicals and dyes, textile treatment products and dyes and perfumes and fragrances.
Peracetic Acid has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).


Peracetic Acid is used in the following areas: scientific research and development and health services.
Peracetic Acid is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur, chemicals, pulp, paper and paper products and food products.
Release to the environment of Peracetic Acid can occur from industrial use: as processing aid and in processing aids at industrial sites.


Release to the environment of Peracetic Acid can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency first registered Peracetic Acid as an antimicrobial in 1986 for indoor use on hard surfaces.
Use sites include agricultural premises, food establishments, medical facilities, and home bathrooms.


Peracetic Acid is also registered for use in dairy and cheese processing plants, on food processing equipment, and in pasteurizers in breweries, wineries, and beverage plants.
Peracetic Acid is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.


Peracetic Acid is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur.
Peracetic Acid is also applied for the disinfection of medical supplies, to prevent biofilm formation in pulp industries, and as a water purifier and disinfectant.


Peracetic Acid is used by consumers, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Peracetic Acid is approved for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: human hygiene, disinfection, veterinary hygiene, food and animals feeds, drinking water, product preservation, preservation for liquid systems, controlling slimes.


Peracetic Acid is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products.
Other release to the environment of Peracetic Acid is likely to occur from: indoor use as reactive substance.
Peracetic Acid is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and laboratory chemicals.


Other release to the environment of Peracetic Acid is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).


Computer searching of the literature, both applied and academic, has not revealed a reference to the induction of mutagenesis, leading to the development of resistant species, by Peracetic Acid.
Peracetic Acid is used as a biocide to sanitize degreased and precleaned processing, transfer and storage plant in stainless steel or glass.


Peracetic Acid can also be used on floors, walls and in the atmosphere.
Additionally, experts use Peracetic Acid in the medical sector to sterilize equipment, pharmaceuticals and instruments, with the ultimate goal of improving patient health and wellbeing.


In food and beverage processing and production, use Peracetic Acid in the regular cleaning cycle of syrup make-up plant, treated water carbonators, fruit crushing, juice concentrators and reconstitutors, food or condiment cookers and processors, transfer pipes and pumps, bottling, packaging and canning machines.


Peracetic Acid is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, textile treatment products and dyes, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), paper chemicals and dyes and water treatment chemicals.
Release to the environment of Peracetic Acid can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.


Peracetic Acid can be used as a cooling tower water disinfectant, where it prevents biofilm formation and effectively controls Legionella bacteria.
A trade name for Peracetic Acid as an antimicrobial is Nu-Cidex.
In the European Union, Peracetic Acid was reported by the EFSA after submission in 2013 by the US Department of Agriculture.


Decontamination kits for cleaning fentanyl analogues from surfaces (as used by many police forces, amongst others) often contain solid peracetyl borate, which mixes with water to produce Peracetic Acid.
Peracetic Acid may also be used on floors, walls and airborne.


Peracetic Acid is extremely rapid in its action at ambient temperatures.
Temperature plays a factor in effectiveness of Peracetic Acid, for example at a temperature of 15°C and a pH value of 7, five times more peractetic acid is required to effectively deactivate pathogens than at a pH value of 7 and a temperature of 35°C.


Peracetic Acid is effective against a wide spectrum of
microbiological contaminations: bacteria, yeasts, moulds, fungi, viruses. Sanitises degreased and precleaned CIP stainless steel or glass equipment.
Peracetic Acid exhibits excellent bactericidal and fungicidal activity against a wide range of microorganisms in cold and warm water.


Also more effective than chlorine, chlorine dioxide and quaternary products for sanitising food contact surfaces.
Peracetic Acid helps to control spoilage or decay-causing bacteria and fungi in water that contacts raw, unprocessed fruits and vegetables.
Peracetic Acid can be continuously sprayed, using coarse spray, or submerged using solution containing no more than 40 ppm residual Peroxyacetic Acid.


In food and beverage processing and production Peracetic Acid finds application in the regular cleaning cycle of syrup make up plant, treated water carbonators, fruit crushing, juice concentrators and reconstitutors, food or condiment cookers and processors, transfer pipes/pumps, bottling/packaging/canning machines.


In breweries and wineries Peracetic Acid finds application in the fermentation/ brew houses, the clarification/ filtration plant and tank farms/ bottling cellars during regular plant cleaning.
Peracetic Acid is also used as a rapid high level disinfectant in the farming industry to protect animals from diseases.


Peracetic Acid is used widely in food and beverage processing and production, breweries and wineries.
Peracetic Acid is a non-rinse, anti-microbial CIP sanitiser.
Peracetic Acid is used as a biocide to sanitise pre-cleaned processing equipment, transfer and storage plant, made from stainless steel or glass.


Peracetic Acid is low-foaming and ideal for use in clean-in-place (CIP) systems.
Peracetic Acid is sanitiser which is recommended for use on pre-cleaned surfaces such as equipment, pipelines, tanks, vats, filters, evaporators, pasteurises, and aseptic equipment in dairies, brewers, wineries, beverage and food processing plants, egg processing/packing equipment surfaces and eating establishments.


A final water rinse is not necessary.
Peracetic Acid is compatible with most post harvest fungicides.
Peracetic Acid is non-corrosive in its diluted form against stainless steel and aluminium surfaces.


If the product is to be used on other surfaces, Peracetic Acid is recommended that you apply product to a smaller test area
to determine compatibility before proceeding with its use.
Peracetic Acid may be fed to either the system water or the make-up water at an area of good mixing to promote rapid dispersion.


Peracetic Acid may be introduced continuously or intermittently depending upon needs of the end user.
Peracetic Acid is a low foaming, clear, colourless liquid comprising an equilibrium mixture of peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid and water.
Peracetic Acid is used as a biocide to sanitise pre-cleaned surfaces in the food industry.


Peracetic Acid is specialized for quick disinfection, environmental sanitation or in the final stages of cleaning equipment pipes and containers in breweries, milk and water factories beverage and other food processing industries.
In breweries and wineries, use Peracetic Acid in regular plant cleaning in fermentation and brewhouses, clarification and filtration plant, tank farms and bottling cellars.


Peracetic Acid is formulated to be used on pre-cleaned surfaces that contain no detergents or surfactants.
The products performance will be dramatically reduced if soils are present on the surface such as fats, oil, starches or vegetable matter.
Peracetic Acid sanitation is most efficient at pH’s below 7.


The pH of a 1: 100 dilution of this product is about 3.0 and a 1: 500 dilution about ph 4.0.
Peracetic Acid is effective against a wide spectrum of
microbiological contaminations including aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and their spores; yeasts, moulds, fungi and their spores; and viruses.


Peracetic Acid is extremely rapid in its action at ambient temperatures.
In food and beverage processing and production, use Peracetic Acid in the regular cleaning cycle of syrup make-up
plant, treated water carbonators, fruit crushing, juice concentrators and reconstitutors, food or condiment cookers and processors, transfer pipes and pumps, bottling, packaging and canning machines.


In breweries and wineries, use Peracetic Acid in regular plant cleaning in fermentation and brewhouses, clarification
and filtration plant, tank farms and bottling cellars.
Peracetic Acid has a high oxidation potential and is very reactive.


Peracetic Acid is used to quickly disinfect food contact surfaces, especially in the beer, beverage, milk processing, canning, bottling of food and vegetable industries, and seafood processing. seafood, meat, sugar, cakes , chocolate and candy.
Peracetic Acid is very effective in disinfecting all types of microorganisms, even in cold water conditions.


As Peracetic Acid does not contain surfactants it is ideal for use in ‘clean in place’ systems as part of a no water rinse regimen when systems can be flushed with finished product (to drain) before normal production resumes.”
Dairies & dairy farms uses of Peracetic Acid: When used in dairy farms, after the use of Peracetic Acid surfaces must be drained and thoroughly rinsed with water prior to the next milking.


Peracetic Acid is a high level disinfectant especially formulated for the cold sterilization of thermosensitive instruments and endoscopes.
It is based on a synergy of Peracetic Acid and hydrogen peroxide.
Peracetic Acid combines a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, rapid contact times and an enhanced material compatibility.


Peracetic Acid gastroscopes, duodenoscopes, naso-laryngo-pharyngoscopes, laparoscopes, etc.), surgical instruments, anesthetic and heat- sensitive medical devices.
In addition, Peracetic Acid is also a good disinfectant for the environment because it leaves no residue when used.


Peracetic Acid may also be used on floors, walls and airborne.
Peracetic Acid is used widely in food and beverage processing and production, breweries and wineries.
Peracetic Acid is a non-rinse, anti-microbial CIP sanitiser.


Peracetic Acid is used as a biocide to sanitise pre-cleaned processing equipment, transfer and storage plant, made from stainless steel or glass.
Peracetic Acid is low-foaming and ideal for use in clean-in-place (CIP) systems.
Peracetic Acid, the active compound in Proxitane, is among the most powerful known biocides.


So the chemical Peracetic Acid is used instead of BKC , Formalin (formol) for disinfecting shrimp ponds.
The chemical Peracetic Acid 15:23 can also cut toxic algae in ponds, decompose excess organic matter, and provide oxygen to the shrimp pond water environment.


Peracetic Acid component in proxitane helps the product to be effective in quick pasteurization and the presence of hydrogen peroxide helps the product adapt to soaking or shampooing .
Peracetic Acid is an excellent food grade sanitiser and also has uses as laundry bleach.


Each application may require a specific dosage rate and like all oxidising biocides, soil loadings can affect required application rate.
Peracetic Acid is biocidal at between 100 and 200 mg/L as Peroxy acetic (Peracetic) acid levels.


Peracetic Acid, the active compound in Proxitane, is among the most powerful known biocides.
Peracetic Acid is effective against a wide spectrum of microbiological contaminations including aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and their spores; yeasts, moulds, fungi and their spores; and viruses.



PROPERTIES OF PERACETIC ACID:
*Ready-to-use mixed solution
*Effective even with the presence of proteins
*Compatible with most common sensible materials
*Compatible with heat-sensitive instruments
*Rapid action: full spectrum in 5 min.
*Stability of the ready-to-use solution: 15 days
*Easy checking of PAA concentration with test strips
*No aldehydes, safe for the user
*Decomposes in water and oxygen



ODOR OF PERACETIC ACID:
At diluted concentrations, Peracetic Acid is almost odorless.
However, the chemical Peracetic Acid in concentrated form has a very strong and characteristic odor that helps users immediately distinguish it from other chemicals.



HOW TO PRESERVE AND USE PERACETIC ACID:
The concentration of Peracetic Acid can easily decrease when allowed to evaporate in the air.
Therefore, we only dilute Peracetic Acid when used in sufficient doses.
Peracetic Acid must be stored in a cool place, away from direct sunlight.



A VERSATILE PERACETIC ACID:
In the food industry, Peracetic Acid is used in Cleaning in Place and Food Contact Sanitisation processes for safe, rapid microbial control.
Notably, certain food products, such as meat, poultry, fruit, vegetables and eggs, require direct protection as they can carry harmful microbes and be prone to spoilage. In addition to microbial protection, Peracetic Acid effectively boosts food safety by reducing the loss of goods due to fungi, viruses, algae and bacteria and enhances product quality throughout the useful shelf life and, in some cases, extends the shelf life itself.



PERACETIC ACID CHEMICAL WILL DEPEND ON FACTORS:
Concentration, temperature and types of microorganisms that need to be destroyed.
However, usually we use Peracetic Acid at a concentration of 0.05%–0.3% (mainly 0.2-0.5%).

The temperature for using Peracetic Acid is in the range of 5–20 ºC .
If Peracetic Acid is around 50ºC, the sterilization efficiency is higher and the sterilization time is shorter.
Do not use Peracetic Acid at temperatures higher than 50ºC.

Peracetic Acid at high concentrations can be stored for reuse, however, provided that they are not too dirty and additional proxitane chemicals must be added to ensure concentration.
Because Peracetic Acid at high concentrations has a very strong odor, when using, mixing solutions, transporting.



PRODUCTION OF PERACETIC ACID:
Peracetic acid is produced industrially by the autoxidation of acetaldehyde:
O2 + CH3CHO → CH3CO3H
In the presence of a strong acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid, acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide produce Peracetic Acid:

H2O2 + CH3CO2H ⇌ CH3CO3H + H2O
However, in concentrations (3-6%) of vinegar and hydrogen peroxide marketed for household use, mixing without a strong acid catalyst will not form Peracetic Acid.
As an alternative, acetyl chloride and acetic anhydride can be used to generate a solution of the acid with lower water content.

Peracetic Acid is generated in situ by some laundry detergents.
This is achieved by the action of bleach activators, such as tetraacetylethylenediamine and sodium nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate, upon hydrogen peroxide formed from sodium percarbonate in water.
The Peracetic Acid is a more effective bleaching agent than hydrogen peroxide itself.

Peracetic Acid is also formed naturally in the environment through a series of photochemical reactions involving formaldehyde and photo-oxidant radicals.
Peracetic Acid is always sold in solution as a mixture with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to maintain its stability.
The concentration of Peracetic Acid as the active ingredient can vary.



EPOXIDATION, PERACETIC ACID:
Although less active than more acidic peracids (e.g., m-CPBA), Peracetic Acid in various forms is used for the epoxidation of various alkenes (Prilezhaev reaction).
Useful applications are for unsaturated fats, synthetic and natural rubbers, and some natural products such as pinene.

A variety of factors affect the amount of free acid or sulfuric acid (used to prepare the peracid in the first place).
Peracetic Acid is a highly effective biocide and oxidizing agent, rapidly destroys microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and viruses and kills pathogens.

While it is extremely performant, Peracetic Acid is chlorine free and breaks down quickly into naturally occurring substances (water, oxygen and carbon dioxide) ౼ making it a sustainable, environmentally friendly choice.
For these reasons, Peracetic Acid is the ideal disinfectant across a number of different industries, namely medical, food and drink, animal biosecurity and industrial laundry.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PERACETIC ACID:
Chemical formula: CH3CO3H
Molar mass: 76.05 g/mol
Appearance :Colorless liquid
Density: 1.0375 g/mL
Melting point: 0 °C (32 °F; 273 K)
Boiling point: 105 °C (221 °F; 378 K) 25 C @ (1.6 kPa)
Acidity (pKa): 8.2
Refractive index (nD): 1.3974 (589 nm, 20 °C)
Viscosity: 3.280 cP
Physical state: liquid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available

Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 56 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: 26,66 hPa at 25 °C

Density: 1,13 g/cm3
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Density: 1.15g/mL at 20°C
Linear Formula: CH3CO3H
Beilstein: 1098464
Formula Weight: 76.05g/mol
Grade: purum p.a.
Chemical Name or Material: Peracetic acid solution



FIRST AID MEASURES of PERACETIC ACID:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Call a physician immediately.
Do not attempt to neutralise.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PERACETIC ACID:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PERACETIC ACID:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PERACETIC ACID:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,3 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nature latex/chloroprene
Minimum layer thickness: 0,6 mm
Break through time: 30 min
*Body Protection:
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type ABEK
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PERACETIC ACID:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: 2 - 8 °C
Light sensitive.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PERACETIC ACID:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


PERACETIC ACID
Peracetic acid can also be produced by oxidation of acetaldehyde.
Peracetic acid is usually produced in concentrations of 5-15%.
When peracetic acid dissolves in water, it disintegrates to hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid, which will fall apart to water, oxygen and carbon dioxide.


CAS Number: 79-21-0
EC Number: 201-186-8
Molecular Formula: C2H4O3 / CH3COOOH


Peracetic acid degradation products are non-toxic and can easily dissolve in water.
Peracetic acid is a very powerful oxidant; the oxidation potential outranges that of chlorine and chlorine dioxide.
Peracetic acid is recorded under the formula CH3CO3H, which is produced by the reaction of acetic acid with hydrogen peroxide and is known by the acronym PAA.


Peracetic acid is a colourless fluid with a strong vinegary odour.
Peracetic Acid will decompose to hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid and may become flammable when it degrades further to water, carbon dioxide and oxygen.
Peracetic acid (CAS No. 79-21-0), also known as peroxyacetic acid or PAA, is an organic chemical compound used in numerous applications, including chemical disinfectant in healthcare, sanitizer in the food industry, and disinfectant during water treatment.


Peracetic acid has also previously been used during the manufacture of chemical intermediates for pharmaceuticals.
Produced by reacting acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide with an acid catalyst, peracetic acid is always sold in stabilized solutions containing acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and water.


For the food and healthcare industries, peracetic acid is typically sold in concentrates of 1 to 5 percent and is diluted before use.
Many users know peracetic acid to be versatile and effective, and professionals with environmental responsibilities consider it to be environmentally friendly due to its decomposition products, which include acetic acid, oxygen, and water.


Peracetic Acid is produced by mixing acetic acid with hydrogen peroxide.
In addition to peracetic acid, the resulting liquid concentrate also contains acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, water and stabilizers.
Peracetic Acid is a peroxide and a colorless, liquid mixture of hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid (vinegar).


Peracetic Acid's chemical formula is C2H4O3.
Peracetic acid is a sustainable chemical, because its decomposition produces only water, oxygen and very biodegradable acetic acid and no environmentally harmful substances.


Peracetic acid is a very powerful oxidizing agent that is very effective, even in low concentrations and at low temperatures, at killing bacteria, fungi, spores and viruses – it even works against the Corona virus.
By comparison, you need a hundred times as much hydrogen peroxide to achieve the same effect.


Peracetic Acid is a high level disinfectant especially formulated for the cold sterilization of thermosensitive instruments and endoscopes.
Peracetic Acid is based on a synergy of peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide.
Peracetic Acid combines a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, rapid contact times and an enhanced material compatibility.


Peracetic Acid is a versatile oxidizing agent that dissolves easily in water and decomposes into non-toxic by-products.
Peracetic Acid is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
Peracetic acid (C2H4O3) is a mixture of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in a watery solution.


Peracetic Acid is a bright, colorless liquid that has a piercing odor and a low pH value (2,8).
Peracetic acid is produced by a reaction between hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid: acetic acid + hydrogen peroxide -> peracetic acid
Peracetic acid is a colorless liquid with a strong, pungent acrid odor.


Peracetic acid is a peroxy acid that is acetic acid in which the OH group is substituted by a hydroperoxy group.
Peracetic Acid is a versatile oxidising agent that is used as a disinfectant.
Peracetic Acid has a role as an oxidising agent and a disinfectant.


Peracetic Acid is functionally related to an acetic acid.
Peracetic acid (also known as peroxyacetic acid, or PAA) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO3H.
This peroxy acid, Peracetic Acid, is a colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor reminiscent of acetic acid.


Peracetic Acid can be highly corrosive.
Peracetic acid is a weaker acid than the parent acetic acid, with a pKa of 8.2.
Peracetic Acid is a disinfectant chemical used by hospitals and the food processing industry.


Peracetic Acid is very effective for killing microscopic organisms hiding in and on surfaces, but it decomposes to acetic acid, the acid in vinegar, and thus leaves no harmful residues on the food.
Peracetic Acid is a colorless liquid, highly reactive and has a strong vinegar like odor that you can smell at very low levels.


Peracetic acid (also known as peroxyacetic acid, or PAA), is an organic compound.
Peracetic Acid is a colorless liquid with a characteristic pungent odor reminiscent of household vinegar.
Commercially available Peracetic Acid products contain an equilibrium of PAA, hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, and water.


Peracetic acid is a powerful antimicrobial agent due to its high oxidizing potential.
Peracetic Acid is a powerful disinfectant due to its high oxidizing potential, effectiveness against a broad range of microorganisms and its favorable environmental profile.
Peracetic Acid is a liquid organic acid and a very powerful oxidizer.


Peracetic Acid has a unique oxygen/oxygen bond arrangement that rapidly releases oxygen to destroy bacteria and oxidize unwanted odors (e.g., hydrogen sulfide) and compounds.
When Peracetic Acid is applied to a process it quickly degrades into non-harmful byproducts, acetic acid (a component found in table vinegar) and water.
Peracetic Acid eats away at any inorganic scale and then breaks down into carbon dioxide and water.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PERACETIC ACID:
Use sites of Peracetic Acid include agricultural premises, food establishments, medical facilities, and home bathrooms.
Peracetic acid is also registered for use in dairy and cheese processing plants, on food processing equipment, and in pasteurizers in breweries, wineries, and beverage plants.


Peracetic Acid is also applied for the disinfection of medical supplies, to prevent biofilm formation in pulp industries, and as a water purifier and disinfectant.
Peracetic acid can be used as a cooling tower water disinfectant, where it prevents biofilm formation and effectively controls Legionella bacteria.
A trade name for peracetic acid as an antimicrobial is Nu-Cidex.


Peracetic acid (PAA) has been widely used with thin tissues such as the small intestinal submucosa (SIS) and urinary bladder matrix (UBM) in conjunction with mechanical methods for decellularization.
Peracetic Acid is used by consumers, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.


Peracetic Acid is approved for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: human hygiene, disinfection, veterinary hygiene, food and animals feeds, drinking water, product preservation, preservation for liquid systems, controlling slimes.
Peracetic Acid is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products.


Other release to the environment of Peracetic Acid is likely to occur from: indoor use as reactive substance.
Peracetic Acid is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and laboratory chemicals.
Peracetic Acid is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.
Peracetic Acid is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur.


Other release to the environment of Peracetic Acid is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).
Peracetic Acid is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, textile treatment products and dyes, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), paper chemicals and dyes and water treatment chemicals.


Release to the environment of Peracetic Acid can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Peracetic Acid is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, paper chemicals and dyes, textile treatment products and dyes and perfumes and fragrances.
Peracetic Acid has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).


Peracetic Acid is used in the following areas: scientific research and development and health services.
Peracetic Acid is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur, chemicals, pulp, paper and paper products and food products.
Release to the environment of Peracetic Acid can occur from industrial use: as processing aid and in processing aids at industrial sites.


Release to the environment of Peracetic Acid can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Peracetic acid is used mainly in the food industry, where it is applied as a cleanser and as a disinfectant.
Since the early 1950’s, acetic acid was applied for bacteria and fungi removal from fruits and vegetables.


Peracetic Acid was also used for the disinfection of recicled rinsing water for foodstuffs.
Nowadays peracetic acid is applied for the disinfection of medical supplies and to prevent bio film formation in pulp industries.
Peracetic Acid can be applied during water purification as a disinfectant and for plumming disinfection.


Peracetic acid is suitable for cooling tower water disinfection; it affectively prevents bio film formation and controls Legionella bacteria.
Peracetic Acid is widely used for its sanitising and disinfection abilities.
Peracetic Acid is used within the medical and food industries for the disinfection of piping systems and processing equipment, Peracetic Acid is also used for spray washing of food products and for disinfection of cooling water systems.


Peracetic Acid is considered environmentally friendly and is characterised by a very rapid action against all microorganisms.
Peracetic Acid is an oxidizing agent broadly used as a disinfectant against microbes like bacteria, fungi, and viruses in food, breweries, wineries and medical industry, as a bleaching agent & slimicide in the paper and textile industries, as a polymerization catalyst or co-catalyst in polymer industries, epoxidation reagent for olefins and unsaturated compounds, etching circuit boards, in the synthesis of other chemicals & as cooling tower water disinfectant (it effectively prevents bio-film formation and controls Legionella bacteria).


Peracetic Acid is frequently used for the synthesis of organic S-oxides in the pharmaceutical industry and in the manufacture of cephalosporins antibiotics from penicillins.
Also, Peracetic Acid is used to manufacture other chemicals and intermediates used in chemical industries.
In addition, Peracetic Acid breaks down in food to safe and environmentally friendly residues (acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide), and, therefore, can be used in non-rinse food contact surface applications.


Some Peracetic Acid products are effective against C. difficile spores.
Peracetic Acid is generally used only when necessary, due to its strong odor and potential damage to some surfaces.
Peracetic acid 5% is a non-rinse sterilant, the product can be used in any application where the degree of soiling is light and a disinfecting action is required after cleaning.


Peracetic Acid 5% is a fast acting, non-foaming and non-tainting disinfectant that is non-polluting to the environment
Peracetic Acid is highly effective against a broad range of microorganisms, peracetic acid is the ideal antimicrobial agent for applications across various industries, including agriculture, food processing, water treatment, pulp & paper, and more.


The primary use of Peracetic Acid is to sanitize and disinfect food processing operations.
Peracetic Acid is also used to remove pathogenic bacteria strains found in beef/pork/poultry as well as in fruit and vegetables.
Peracetic Acid is the product of choice in food processing because of its ease of use, rapid kill, and breakdown into non-harmful biproducts.


More importantly, Peracetic Acid is known as the “cold” sanitizer and is extremely effective at ambient temperatures.
The oil and gas industry uses Peracetic Acid to protect carbon steel piping and equipment from corrosive attack resulting from sulfide forming bacteria.
Peracetic Acid is also used to eliminate harmful hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas emissions at well sites and is used to control nuisance odors emitted from animal processing plants and wastewater treatment facilitates.


Lastly, Peracetic Acid is the product of choice for cooling tower treatments because of its effectiveness in removing biofilm and its favorable aquatic toxicity profile.
Peracetic Acid's main use is in the food industry as a disinfectant, as part of food and drink cleaning protocols.
Peracetic Acid is an acid with an oxidising capacity, which makes it very effective as a biocide.


This is why Peracetic Acid is commonly used in food factories.
Peracetic Acid is used to keep aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and their spores at bay, against yeasts and moulds and also against various viruses.
Peracetic acid is used at different levels as a disinfectant.


To begin with, Peracetic Acid is used to disinfect tanks, pipes or mixers through which food passes.
Peracetic Acid is also present in the packaging process, to sanitize containers and sealing systems where food is stored for its later distribution.
Food must go through its own disinfection process before being prepared for sale.


The vegetables are washed in water to reduce the microbial load.
Peracetic acid should be added to this liquid during some time, replacing chlorine.
The reason for the change is that in small amounts Peracetic Acid is safe and more effective as a biocide.


In addition, peracetic acid improves the food preservation properties.
As we mentioned, the main use of peracetic acid is in the food industry, but it is also used in other sectors.
This is the case of agriculture, livestock or health, where Peracetic Acid2s disinfectant powers are also highly valued.


Peracetic acid is primarily used as an anti-microbial biocide.
As a biocide Peracetic Acid may be used as a disinfectant in processing lines found in brewing and wineries, agricultural sites and food processing, particularly cheese and dairy production.


Peracetic acid is highly suited to clean-in-place style systems as it naturally decomposes to carbon dioxide, oxygen and hydrogen.
Peracetic Acid is deemed safe enough to be returned to the water course, such as in the dosing of cooling tower water in power stations.
Peracetic Acid is sometimes used as a flush chemical following a prior treatment of caustic solution as it does not leave residue and will not oxidize stainless steel pipework.


The anti-microbial properties are also used to prevent the build up of bio-film.
This is a sludge-like layer which forms in areas of moisture and warmth as an environment for microbes/bacteria to thrive.
Examples may include paper pulp mixes and membrane filters in filtration processes.


Peracetic acid has also previously been used during the manufacture of chemical intermediates for pharmaceuticals.
Peracetic Acid is an exceptional broad-spectrum biocide and can be used in many industrial fields.
Peracetic Acid in low concentrations is effective against all types of microorganisms, even at low temperatures.


As a result, Peracetic Acid stands for safe and environmentally friendly disinfection.
After use, the peracetic acid breaks down into the ecologically harmless products oxygen, water and vinegar.
Peracetic Acid is used as an extremely strong and effective oxidizing agent in a wide range of applications.


Peracetic Acid reliably and permanently kills pathogens, bleaches, cleans and disinfects.
Despite its high efficacy, Peracetic Acid is a sustainable chemical.
Given all these advantages, peracetic acid is used in many sectors of industry for disinfection and sterilization purposes and also as a bleaching agent.


The spectrum of applications ranges from the food industry to environmental applications, such as wastewater treatment and soil remediation.
Peracetic Acid is used as a sustainable biocide for aseptic packaging of food and beverages, in cosmetics and for hair bleaching, for environmentally friendly water and wastewater treatment, for sustainable aquaculture solutions, for disinfection in agriculture, for chemical synthesis, for sterilization in hospital hygiene or for cleaning and disinfection of laundry and textiles.


The different concentrations of Peracetic Acid are used in chemical synthesis, bleaching, sanitization, disinfection, hygiene and sterilization across a variety of industries, including food and beverage such as fruit and vegetable processing, poultry processing, environmental remediation, industrial cleaning and sanitization, and oil and gas production.


Peracetic Acid is recommended for all types of endoscopes (bronchoscopes, gastroscopes, duodenoscopes, naso-laryngo-pharyngoscopes, laparoscopes, etc.), surgical instruments, anesthetic and heat- sensitive medical devices.
Peracetic Acid does not fix proteins, eliminates biofilm and is effective even in the presence of organic materials.
Formulated with very effective corrosion inhibitors, Peracetic Acid is safe for most common endoscope materials.


Peracetic Acid is a liquid that functions as a strong oxidizing agent.
Peracetic Acid has an acrid odor and is used as a disinfectant.
Peracetic Acid is used as a bactericide and fungicide, especially in food processing; as a reagent in making caprolactam and glycerol; as an oxidant for preparing epoxy compounds; as a bleaching agent; a sterilizing agent; and as a polymerization catalyst for polyester resins.


-Food & Beverage Packaging:
Peracetic Acid is often applied directly to fresh fruits and vegetables to kill pathogens.
Peracetic Acid is also in aseptic manufacturing processes, since aseptic packaging greatly extends the shelf life of common food and beverages.


-Healthcare:
Hospitals rely on Peracetic Acid to high-level disinfect medical instruments needed in patient care as well as treat hard surfaces in patient rooms.
While the concentration in the Peracetic Acid solutions used for room sanitation is lower than for high-level disinfection, both applications can result in occupational exposure to PAA vapor.


-Protein Processing:
Peracetic Acid is used in poultry and meat processing.
Peracetic Acid is distributed to various areas of the processing plant to kill harmful bacteria such as listeria and salmonella directly on the meat and on surfaces to meet USDA food safety guidelines.
Peracetic acid 5% is a terminal disinfectant and provided that items are well drained after treatment, solutions do not be rinsed off.
Peracetic Acid decomposes to acetic acid and oxygen, neither of which in such small quantities will have any adverse effects.


-Applications of Peracetic Acid:
*Wineries, breweries and beverage plants.
*Meat, egg and poultry processing and packaging equipment surfaces.
*Food (particularly sugar) and pharmaceutical processing and packaging plants.
*Disinfectant for equipments like pipelines, tanks, vats, filters, evaporators, pasteurizers etc.
*Disinfection of water, tools, equipment, boxes etc for aquatic plants & animals.
*Limiting the contamination in water bodies & inhibiting losses in plant/food production.
*RO/UF/NF membrane and ballast water (water carried in ship's ballast tanks to improve its stability) disinfectant.
*Disinfection of surfaces (tables, floors, walls, tools, appliances) in contact with food/feed.
*Cooling tower water disinfectant & polymerization catalyst.
*Disinfectant in Medical industries (especially hemodialysis apparatus & capillary dialyzer) and effluent treatment plant.
*Milk and dairy products processing and packaging plants.
*Seafood and produce processing and packaging plants.
*Synthesizing other chemicals and intermediates



FEATURES OF PERACETIC ACID:
*Excellent microbiocidal activity.
*Non-corroding & non-foaming at normal dilutions.
*Wide temperature (34°F) and pH (up to 8.5) range.
*More effective than chlorine or quaternary amines in sanitization.
*Excellent disinfectant for cold plant operations.
*Easily disinfects at cold temperature.
*Degradable and eco-friendly (no chlorinated by-product).
*Rinsing after use not required.
*Quick results.



PROPERTIES OF PERACETIC ACID:
*Ready-to-use mixed solution
*Effective even with the presence of proteins
*Compatible with most common sensible materials
*Compatible with heat-sensitive instruments
*Rapid action: full spectrum in 5 min.
*Stability of the ready-to-use solution: 15 days
*Easy checking of PAA concentration with test strips
*No aldehydes, safe for the user
*Decomposes in water and oxygen



PERACETIC ACID:
*Powerful oxidizer
*Destroys bacteria
*Non-harmful byproducts



PERACETIC ACID AFFECTIVITY:
Peracetic acid can be applied for the deactivation of a large variety of pathogenic microorganisms.
Peracetic Acid also deactivates viruses and spores.
Peracetic acid activity is hardly influenced by organic compounds that are present in the water.
However, pH and temperature do influence peractetic acid activity.
Peracetic acid is more effective when the pH value is 7 than at a pH range between 8 and 9.
At a temperature of 15 °C and a pH value of 7, five times more peracetic acid is required to affectively deactivate pathogens than at a pH value of 7 and a temperature of 35 °C.



RATES OF USE OF PERACETIC ACID:
*Small items can be left to soak overnight in a steeping tank using Peracetic Acid 5% diluted, 3-10mls Peracetic Acid per litre of water.
*Beer mains and hoses may be filled after cleaning with a diluted solution of PAA, 3-5mls Peracetic Acid per litre of water and left for several hours before draining off.
*Large vessels and plant are best treated by spray-ball using a dilute solution of PAA, 10-20ml in a litre of water.
Alternatively a fog gun may be used but particular attention must be paid to safety precautions if a fog spray is used, to avoid eye or skin contact or inhalation.



HOW DOES PERACETIC ACID WORK?
Peracetic Acid is a two-carbon organic acid that contains lots of oxygen ready for release in the presence of bacteria.
The mode of action is oxidation of bacteria cells.
The cell walls are quickly destroyed resulting in annihilation of biofilm and bacteria colonies.
Unlike hops acid which is only effective against Gram (+) bacteria, Peracetic Acid is effective at killing both Gram (+) (e.g., lactobacillus) and Gram (-) (e.g., acetobacter) bacteria.
Because Peracetic Acid is a heavy, stable liquid that is very soluble in water, it is many times more effective than conventional oxidizers like bleach, peroxide, and chlorine dioxide.
Unlike SO2 and ammonium bisulfite, the byproducts of Peracetic Acid will not become a food source for bacteria.



PRODUCTION OF PERACETIC ACID:
Peracetic acid is produced industrially by the autoxidation of acetaldehyde:
O2 + CH3CHO → CH3CO3H
In the presence of a strong acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid, acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide produce peracetic acid:

H2O2 + CH3CO2H ⇌ CH3CO3H + H2O
However, in concentrations (3-6%) of vinegar and hydrogen peroxide marketed for household use, mixing without a strong acid catalyst will not form peracetic acid.
As an alternative, acetyl chloride and acetic anhydride can be used to generate a solution of the acid with lower water content.

Peracetic acid is generated in situ by some laundry detergents.
This is achieved by the action of bleach activators, such as tetraacetylethylenediamine and sodium nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate, upon hydrogen peroxide formed from sodium percarbonate in water.
Peracetic Acid is a more effective bleaching agent than hydrogen peroxide itself.
Peracetic Acid is also formed naturally in the environment through a series of photochemical reactions involving formaldehyde and photo-oxidant radicals.

Peracetic acid is always sold in solution as a mixture of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to maintain its stability.
The concentration of Peracetic Acid as the active ingredient can vary.



HOW DOES PERACETIC ACID DISINFECTION WORK?
Peracetic acid as a disinfectant oxidizes the outer cell membranes of microorganisms.
The oxidation mechanism consists of electron transfer.
When a stronger oxidant is used, the electrons are transferred to the microorganism much faster, causing the microorganism to be deactivated rapidly.



WHY IS PERACETIC ACID SUSTAINABLE?
Peracetic acid offers many sustainability benefits.
First, Peracetic Acid decomposes into environmentally compatible substances such as water, oxygen and vinegar after use, and toxic byproducts are not generated.
Peracetic Acid's wide range of applications and potency, even at low dosages, also make this biocide particularly resource-efficient.

Peracetic Acid treats and purifies municipal wastewater in an environmentally compatible way, while it disinfects reliably and is effective even in small quantities.
Peracetic Acid has a broad range of antimicrobial effects and is therefore highly efficient at surface treatment in the food industry, as well as in the medical and industrial sectors.

Peracetic Acid reduces contamination with pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella, campylobacter and E.coli when food is being handled.
Peracetic acid reduces bacterial contamination that can cause product spoilage.
Peracetic Acid disinfects animal hygiene surfaces and equipment and therefore prevents animals catching diseases.

Peracetic Acid reliably kills bacteria and germs inside plastic bottles without leaving residues.
The quality of beverages is not affected, consumers get a safe, long-lasting product.
Peracetic Acid works extremely effectively in a variety of environments while meeting the bleaching and disinfection requirements of industrial, institutional and private consumers and laundries.



HOW IS PERACETIC ACID PRODUCED?
Peracetic acid is produced from the raw materials, hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid.
In a so-called autoxidation process, the hydrogen peroxide is first produced from hydrogen and oxygen.
This happens in three steps: first, hydrogen is added to a working solution and combines with this reaction medium.
The second step involves atmospheric oxygen being pumped into the working solution under pressure, producing hydrogen peroxide.
This is then extracted with the addition of water.
The hydrogen peroxide is then mixed with acetic acid and additional additives and treated further.



BENEFITS OF PERACETIC ACID:
Peracetic acid is regularly used in a variety of industries due to its many benefits.
Peracetic acid is a strong oxidizing agent with excellent disinfectant and bleaching properties.
Peracetic Acid's action is based on synglet oxygen, that is released during chemical breakdown.
Products of the breakdown are acetic acid, water, and oxygen.

Peracetic acid is effective even at very low concentrations.
Peracetic Acid does not foam, it does not function selectively, and resistance in many cases are not observed.
Peracetic Acid can be mixed with water in all proportions and rinses free of residue.

The efficiency of Peracetic Acid has been demonstrated in tests on selected micro-organisms.
Peracetic Acid's use is based on the working of active oxygen, that is released upon the reaction of decomposition of peraceticacid, which oxidizes organic and inorganic compounds.
The market products are stabilized aqueous solutions of the concentrations up to 15 % peracetic acid.



EPOXIDATION OF PERACETIC ACID:
Although less active than more acidic peracids (e.g., m-CPBA), peracetic acid in various forms is used for the epoxidation of various alkenes (Prilezhaev reaction).
Useful applications of Peracetic Acid are for unsaturated fats, synthetic and natural rubbers, and some natural products such as pinene.
A variety of factors affect the amount of free acid or sulfuric acid (used to prepare the peracid in the first place).



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PERACETIC ACID:
Molecular Weight: 76.05 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -0.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 76.016043985 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 76.016043985 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 46.5Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 5
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 40.2
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Chemical formula: CH3CO3H
Molar mass: 76.05 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Density: 1.0375 g/mL
Melting point: 0 °C (32 °F; 273 K)[2]
Boiling point: 105 °C (221 °F; 378 K) 25 C @ (1.6 kPa)[2]
Acidity (pKa): 8.2
Refractive index (nD): 1.3974 (589 nm, 20 °C)[2]
Viscosity: 3.280 cP

Physical state: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: pungent
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -44 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 107 °C at 1.013 hPa
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 56 °C
Autoignition temperature: 218 °C
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: < 1,0
Viscosity

Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: 27 hPa at 25 °C
Density: 1,13 g/cm3 at 25 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available

Density: 1.14 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: 62 °C
Ignition temperature: 225 °C
Melting Point: -37 °C
pH value: 1 (H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 14 hPa (20 °C)
Appearance: Bright colorless liquid
Boiling Point: 105-110°C(above 110°C it can explode)
Molecular Formula: CH3CO3H
Molecular Weight: 76.051 g/mol
Melting Point: -0.2°C
Odor: Acrid odor
pH: Below 2
Solubility: high solubility in water
Specific Gravity: 1.0 (@20°C)



FIRST AID MEASURES of PERACETIC ACID:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Call a physician immediately.
Do not attempt to neutralise.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PERACETIC ACID:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions
Take up with liquid-absorbent and neutralising material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PERACETIC ACID:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PERACETIC ACID:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,3 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nature latex/chloroprene
Minimum layer thickness: 0,6 mm
Break through time: 30 min
*Body Protection:
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
*Respiratory protection:
Our recommendations on filtering respiratory protection are based on the following standards:
DIN EN 143, DIN 14387 and other accompanying standards relating to the used respiratory protection system.
Recommended Filter type: Filter type ABEK
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.


HANDLING and STORAGE of PERACETIC ACID:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Tightly closed.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature:
2 - 8 °C



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PERACETIC ACID:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
PERACETIC ACID
Peroxyacetic acid
Ethaneperoxoic acid
79-21-0
Estosteril
Acetic peroxide
Peroxoacetic acid
Acetyl hydroperoxide
Monoperacetic acid
Osbon AC
Proxitane 4002
Desoxon 1
Ethaneperoxic acid
Hydroperoxide, acetyl
Acide peracetique
Acido peroxiacetico
Peroxy acetic acid
I6KPI2E1HD
CHEMBL444965
DTXSID1025853
NCGC00166305-01
Caswell No. 644
Acecide
Proxitane
Acide peroxyacetique
F50
CCRIS 686
Kyselina peroxyoctova
LCAP
HSDB 1106
EINECS 201-186-8
UNII-I6KPI2E1HD
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 063201
BRN 1098464
Aceticperoxide
peractic acid
per-acetic acid
Peroxacetic acid
acetic acid oxide
peroxy-acetic acid
AcOOH
Acecide (TN)
CH3CO2OH
Ethaneperoxoic acid, 9CI
CH3C(O)OOH
EC 201-186-8
PERACETIC ACID [MI]
4-02-00-00390 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
PERACETIC ACID [HSDB]
DTXCID805853
PERACETIC ACID [MART.]
PERACETIC ACID [WHO-DD]
CHEBI:42530
Tox21_112402
BDBM50266095
MFCD00002128
Peroxyacetic acid, >43% and with >6% hydrogen peroxide
AKOS015837803
DB14556
CAS-79-21-0
Peracetic Acid 35-40% wt in acetic acid
D03467
EN300-173399
Q375140
Peroxyacetic acid, >43% and with >6% hydrogen peroxide
Ethaneperoxoic acid
Peroxyacetic acid
Acetic peroxide
Acetyl hydroperoxide
Proxitane
peroxyacetic acid
acetic peroxide
monoperacetic acid
peroxoacetic acid



PERACETIC ACID
cas no 79-21-0 Peracetic acid; Ethaneperoxoic Acid; Acetyl Hydroperoxide; Peracetic acid, solution; Peressigsäure (German); ácido peracético (Spanish); Acide peracétique (French);
PERACETIC ACID (PAA)

Peracetic acid (PAA) is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH₃CO₃H.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is a powerful oxidizing agent and a strong antimicrobial agent with applications in various industries, including food and beverage processing, healthcare, and water treatment.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is often used as a disinfectant, sanitizer, and sterilizing agent due to its effectiveness against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores.

CAS Number: 79-21-0
EC Number: 201-186-8



APPLICATIONS


In the healthcare sector, Peracetic acid (PAA) is widely used as a high-level disinfectant for medical instruments.
Peracetic acid (PAA) finds application in the food and beverage industry for the sanitization of food contact surfaces and equipment.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is utilized in the production of aseptic packaging materials, ensuring the sterility of packaging for perishable goods.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is an effective sanitizer for brewery equipment, ensuring the hygiene of brewing vessels and pipelines.
In the agricultural sector, Peracetic acid (PAA) serves as a fungicide and bactericide, protecting crops from microbial infections.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed in the poultry industry for disinfecting hatcheries and equipment to prevent disease transmission.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in water treatment for its ability to control algae, bacteria, and other microorganisms in water systems.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is a key component in wastewater treatment, helping to disinfect and reduce the microbial load in effluent streams.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is applied in the dairy industry for sanitizing milk processing equipment, ensuring product safety and quality.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is utilized in the production of household and industrial cleaning products for its disinfecting and bleaching properties.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed in the textile industry for the bleaching and disinfection of fabrics and textiles.

In the pharmaceutical industry, Peracetic acid (PAA) is used for the sterilization of pharmaceutical manufacturing equipment and facilities.
Peracetic acid (PAA) serves as a disinfectant in laboratories, providing a reliable method for sterilizing equipment and workspaces.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the cosmetic and personal care industry for its antimicrobial properties in certain formulations.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is applied in cooling water systems to control microbial growth, preventing fouling and corrosion.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the oil and gas industry for the disinfection of water used in hydraulic fracturing (fracking) operations.
Peracetic acid (PAA) finds application in the preservation of fruits and vegetables by controlling microbial decay during storage.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed in the sanitation of swimming pools and recreational water facilities.

Peracetic acid (PAA) serves as a disinfectant in the beverage industry, ensuring the hygiene of bottling equipment and containers.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the cosmetics industry for its antimicrobial properties in the production of various cosmetic products.
Peracetic acid (PAA) plays a role in the prevention of biofilm formation in various industrial processes and water systems.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is utilized in the treatment of medical and hazardous waste to ensure microbial inactivation.
Peracetic acid (PAA) finds application in the disinfection of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems.

In the agricultural sector, Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed for the disinfection of irrigation water to prevent the spread of diseases in crops.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the production of paper and pulp for its bleaching properties in the pulp bleaching process.

Biocidal Uses:
Peracetic acid (PAA) is approved for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for:
Human hygiene
Disinfection
Veterinary hygiene
Food and animals feeds
Drinking water
Product preservation
Preservation for liquid systems
Controlling slimes.

Consumer Uses:
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use as reactive substance.

Widespread uses by professional workers:

Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and laboratory chemicals.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).

Uses at industrial sites:
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, paper chemicals and dyes, textile treatment products and dyes and perfumes and fragrances.
Peracetic acid (PAA) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the following areas: scientific research and development and health services.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur, chemicals, pulp, paper and paper products and food products.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: as processing aid and in processing aids at industrial sites.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is utilized in the pharmaceutical industry for the sterilization of cleanrooms and critical manufacturing environments.
Peracetic acid (PAA) plays a crucial role in the prevention of microbial contamination in the production of medical devices and implants.
In the agricultural sector, Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed as a disinfectant for seed treatment, protecting seeds from fungal and bacterial infections.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is applied in the meat and poultry processing industry for the disinfection of processing equipment and facilities.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used as a fogging agent for space disinfection in enclosed environments, such as cleanrooms and laboratories.
Peracetic acid (PAA) finds application in the disinfection of HVAC air ducts and systems to maintain indoor air quality.
In the horticulture industry, PAA is used for the disinfection of greenhouse equipment and irrigation systems.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed in the treatment of wastewater from pharmaceutical manufacturing to remove traces of pharmaceutical compounds.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the oilfield industry for the control of microbial growth in oil wells and pipelines.
Peracetic acid (PAA) serves as a disinfectant in the brewing industry for yeast propagation systems and fermentation vessels.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is applied in the disinfection of eggshells in poultry hatcheries to prevent the transmission of pathogens to chicks.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the textile industry for the disinfection and microbial control of textile processing water.
In the dairy industry, Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed for the disinfection of milking equipment and storage tanks.
Peracetic acid (PAA) plays a role in the disinfection of recreational water features such as fountains and water parks.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is utilized in the treatment of ballast water on ships to prevent the spread of aquatic invasive species.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is applied in the disinfection of public spaces, including airports, public transportation, and healthcare facilities.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the disinfection of food processing and packaging equipment to ensure product safety.

Peracetic acid (PAA) serves as a disinfectant for dental instruments and impression materials in dental clinics.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed in the sanitation of foodservice establishments, including restaurants and catering facilities.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the disinfection of reverse osmosis membranes in water treatment plants.
Peracetic acid (PAA) finds application in the treatment of cooling tower water to control bacterial and fungal growth.
Peracetic acid (PAA) serves as a disinfectant for conveyor belts and processing equipment in the manufacturing of packaged foods.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed in aquaculture for the disinfection of water and equipment in fish and shrimp farms.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the disinfection of cutting boards and food contact surfaces in commercial kitchens.
Peracetic acid (PAA) plays a role in the sanitation of HVAC air filters to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed in the brewing industry to sanitize beer bottles, kegs, and other packaging materials.
Peracetic acid (PAA) plays a vital role in the disinfection of medical waste, helping to ensure the safe disposal of potentially infectious materials.
In the cosmetic industry, Peracetic acid (PAA) is used to sanitize equipment and containers involved in the production of cosmetics and personal care products.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is utilized in the disinfection of public swimming pools and spa facilities to maintain water quality and safety.
Peracetic acid (PAA) finds application in the treatment of wastewater in the petrochemical industry to control microbial activity.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed in the disinfection of HVAC ducts and air handling units in commercial and industrial buildings.
In the agriculture sector, Peracetic acid (PAA) is used for the sanitization of equipment, storage facilities, and containers in wineries.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is applied in the disinfection of food preparation surfaces and utensils in restaurants and commercial kitchens.
Peracetic acid (PAA) plays a role in the sanitation of food processing plants, including meat and poultry processing facilities.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used as a disinfectant in research laboratories for sterilizing equipment and ensuring aseptic conditions.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is applied in the disinfection of wastewater treatment plant effluents to meet regulatory standards for discharge.
In the pharmaceutical manufacturing process, Peracetic acid (PAA) is used for the sterilization of manufacturing equipment and cleanroom facilities.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed in the disinfection of public transportation vehicles, such as buses and trains.
Peracetic acid (PAA) finds application in the sanitation of foodservice equipment, including dishwashers and utensils.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used for the disinfection of air filtration systems in healthcare facilities and cleanroom environments.
Peracetic acid (PAA) plays a role in the treatment of agricultural irrigation water to prevent the spread of plant pathogens.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is applied in the disinfection of wastewater from industrial processes to reduce microbial contamination.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is utilized in the production of recycled paper to bleach pulp and remove impurities.
In the leather and textile industries, Peracetic acid (PAA) is used for bleaching and disinfection in the processing of fabrics and materials.
Peracetic acid (PAA) finds application in the sanitation of veterinary facilities and equipment in animal healthcare settings.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed in the disinfection of surfaces and equipment in the pharmaceutical compounding process.
Peracetic acid (PAA) plays a role in the disinfection of eggs in egg processing facilities to prevent contamination.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in the sanitation of air conditioning systems to prevent mold growth and improve indoor air quality.

In the automotive industry, Peracetic acid (PAA) is applied for the disinfection of vehicle interiors, especially in shared transportation.
Peracetic acid (PAA) finds application in the treatment of process water in the semiconductor and electronics manufacturing industry.



DESCRIPTION


Peracetic acid (PAA) is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH₃CO₃H.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is a powerful oxidizing agent and a strong antimicrobial agent with applications in various industries, including food and beverage processing, healthcare, and water treatment.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is often used as a disinfectant, sanitizer, and sterilizing agent due to its effectiveness against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores.

The chemical structure of peracetic acid includes a peroxide linkage (O-O bond), making it a peroxide compound.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is formed by the reaction of acetic acid (CH₃COOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in the presence of a catalyst.
The resulting compound, peracetic acid, is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is known for its strong oxidizing properties, which contribute to its ability to eliminate microorganisms effectively.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is used in various applications, such as disinfection of surfaces, equipment sterilization, wastewater treatment, and as a sanitizer in the food and beverage industry.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is appreciated for its fast action, broad-spectrum efficacy, and the fact that it decomposes into environmentally friendly byproducts, mainly acetic acid, water, and oxygen.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is a clear, colorless liquid with a distinctive pungent odor.
Known for its strong oxidizing properties, Peracetic acid (PAA) is a highly reactive chemical compound.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is formed through the reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a catalyst.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is characterized by its ability to rapidly break down into environmentally friendly byproducts.
As a powerful antimicrobial agent, Peracetic acid (PAA) exhibits broad-spectrum efficacy against various microorganisms.
The chemical structure of PAA includes a peroxide linkage, contributing to its oxidative strength.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is widely used as a disinfectant and sanitizer in industries such as healthcare and food processing.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is effective against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores, making it a versatile antimicrobial agent.
In water treatment, Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed for its ability to eliminate pathogens and control microbial growth.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is recognized for its quick action, providing rapid disinfection and sterilization.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is used for the sanitation of surfaces, equipment, and containers in various industrial processes.
Its application in the food and beverage industry includes sanitizing food contact surfaces and processing equipment.
Due to its biodegradability, peracetic acid is considered environmentally friendly compared to some other disinfectants.

Peracetic acid (PAA) decomposes into acetic acid, water, and oxygen, reducing its environmental impact.
Peracetic acid (PAA)'s strong oxidizing nature is harnessed for its bleaching properties in certain applications.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is recognized for its stability in a wide range of temperatures and pH levels.

In medical facilities, Peracetic acid (PAA) is used for sterilizing medical instruments and as a high-level disinfectant.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is employed in the agricultural sector for crop protection and as a fungicide and bactericide.
PAA solutions are often prepared with stabilizers to maintain their efficacy over time.

Its use in the beverage industry includes disinfecting bottles, equipment, and pipelines during the production process.
Peracetic acid (PAA) is a valuable tool in the prevention of biofilm formation in various industrial systems.
In wastewater treatment, PAA helps control odors and eliminate pathogenic microorganisms.

Peracetic acid (PAA) is recognized for its low residue levels and ease of rinsing, ensuring product safety.
Peracetic acid (PAA) has found applications in cooling water treatment to control microbial fouling and corrosion.
Its versatility, efficacy, and environmentally friendly nature make peracetic acid a valuable chemical in diverse industrial and commercial settings.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: CH₃CO₃H
Molecular Weight: Approximately 76.05 g/mol
Physical State: Clear liquid
Odor: Pungent
Color: Colorless
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Melting Point: Approximately 0°C (32°F)
Density: Varies with concentration, typically around 1.2 g/cm³
Solubility in Water: Highly soluble
pH: Highly acidic (pH < 2 for concentrated solutions)
Vapor Pressure: Low due to decomposition
Vapor Density: Heavier than air
Flash Point: Non-applicable (decomposes before flash point is reached)
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Reactivity: Highly reactive and oxidizing
Stability: Decomposes over time, particularly in the presence of light and heat
Corrosivity: Corrosive to metals
Compatibility: Compatible with many materials, but may react with certain metals
Biodegradability: Biodegradable into acetic acid, water, and oxygen
Toxicity: Moderately toxic; can cause skin and eye irritation
Flammability: Non-flammable
Explosive Properties: Not explosive
Oxidizing Properties: Strong oxidizing agent
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture from the air
Decomposition Products: Acetic acid, water, oxygen



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen.
Seek immediate medical attention.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Flush the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
If irritation or redness persists, seek medical attention.
Wash contaminated clothing thoroughly before reuse.


Eye Contact:

Flush eyes with gentle flowing water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the upper and lower eyelids occasionally.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation, redness, or pain persists.
Remove contact lenses if easily removable after the first 5 minutes of rinsing.


Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water if the person is conscious and able to swallow.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If vomiting occurs spontaneously and the person is conscious, keep the head lower than the chest to prevent aspiration.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing.
Use respiratory protection if working in an area with airborne concentrations.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation exposure.
Use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid direct skin contact and inhalation of vapors.
Use tools or utensils when handling PAA to minimize contact.

Good Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands thoroughly after handling PAA.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while working with the substance.

Emergency Equipment:
Ensure the availability of emergency eyewash stations and safety showers in areas where PAA is handled.
Familiarize personnel with the location and proper use of emergency equipment.

Spill Response:
In the event of a spill, follow appropriate spill response procedures outlined in the product's SDS.
Use absorbent materials to contain and clean up spills promptly.

Storage Compatibility:
Store PAA away from incompatible substances, such as strong reducing agents, organic materials, and flammable liquids.
Do not store with food, feed, or other consumables.

Labeling and Identification:
Ensure containers are properly labeled with the correct product name, hazard information, and safety precautions.
Clearly mark storage areas for easy identification.

Training:
Provide training to personnel handling PAA on the proper procedures, hazards, and emergency response protocols.

Equipment Inspection:
Regularly inspect and maintain equipment used for handling PAA to ensure proper functioning.
Repair or replace damaged equipment promptly.


Storage:

Storage Temperature:
Store PAA in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Avoid extreme temperatures that could lead to decomposition or changes in properties.

Ventilation in Storage Areas:
Ensure adequate ventilation in storage areas to prevent the buildup of vapors.
Use mechanical ventilation if necessary.

Separation from Incompatible Materials:
Store PAA away from incompatible materials, including strong reducing agents, organic materials, and flammable liquids.
Follow guidelines for segregation of chemicals.

Storage Containers:
Use containers made of materials compatible with PAA.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and exposure.

Segregation from Food and Feed:
Segregate PAA storage areas from areas used for storing food, feed, or consumables.
Prevent cross-contamination.

Storage Height:
Store containers at a height that minimizes the risk of damage and facilitates easy inspection.

Fire Prevention:
Keep PAA away from ignition sources, and do not store near open flames or heat-producing equipment.
Follow fire prevention measures in accordance with local regulations.

Shelf Life Monitoring:
Monitor and manage inventory to ensure that older stock is used first (first-in, first-out principle).
Regularly check the shelf life of PAA and replace expired stock.



SYNONYMS


Peroxyacetic acid
Ethaneperoxoic acid
Acetyl hydroperoxide
Acetyl peroxide
Acetic peracid
Peroxyacetyl acid
Acetic acid, peroxy-
Acetyl peroxy acid
Peroxycarboxylic acid
Peracetyl acid
Ethaneperoxoic acid
Peracetylsäure (German)
Perossiacido acetico (Italian)
Ácido peroxiacético (Spanish)
Perazijnzuur (Dutch)
PAA
EPA (abbreviation of ethaneperoxoic acid)
PA
AO
Peroxyethanoic acid
Acetyl hydroperoxide
Acetyl peracetic acid
Peroxyacetyl acid
Peroxyacetic acid
Ethylidene peracetic acid
Ethylidene peroxyacetic acid
Ethaneperoxoic acid
Acetyl peroxy acid
Peroxyethanoic acid
Acetic acid peroxy derivative
Acetyloxyl hydroperoxide
Peracetylsaeure (German)
Ácido peroxiacético (Spanish)
Peroxyacétique, acide (French)
Peroxyazijnzuur (Dutch)
Acide peracétique (French)
Peroxycarboxylic acid
Acide peroxycarboxylique (French)
Acido peracetico (Italian)
Ácido peroxyacético (Spanish)
Perossiacido acetico (Italian)
Peroxyoctanoic acid
PAA acid
Peroxyacetic acid solution
Peroxycetic acid
Peroxyacetic acid
Peroxyethanoic acid
Peroxidized acetic acid
Peroxyacetyl acid
Acetyl peroxide
Acetoxy hydroperoxide
Acetic acid peroxide
Peroxyacetyl
Peroxidized acetyl
Peroxyacetic acid anhydride
Ethanoic peroxide
Acetyl peracetyl peroxide
Peracetyl hydroperoxide
Ethylidene peroxyacetic acid
Peroxyacetic acid anhydride
Ethylidene acetyl hydroperoxide
Peroxy acetic anhydride
Peroxyacetic acid perhydrate
Peroxyacetyl hydroxide
Peroxyacetic acid, aqueous solution
Peroxyacetic acid, stabilized
Peracetic acid anhydride
Acetic acid, peroxy-, sodium salt
Peroxyethanoic acid, sodium salt
PERACETIC ACID
Peroxyacetic acid
Ethaneperoxoic acid
79-21-0
Estosteril
Acetic peroxide
Peroxoacetic acid
Acetyl hydroperoxide
Monoperacetic acid
Osbon AC
Proxitane 4002
Desoxon 1
Ethaneperoxic acid
Hydroperoxide, acetyl
Acide peracetique
Acido peroxiacetico
Acecide
Proxitane
Caswell No. 644
Peroxy acetic acid
Acide peroxyacetique
Kyselina peroxyoctova
CCRIS 686
HSDB 1106
UNII-I6KPI2E1HD
I6KPI2E1HD
peroxy-acetic acid
EINECS 201-186-8
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 063201
BRN 1098464
DTXSID1025853
CHEMBL444965
DTXCID805853
CHEBI:42530
EC 201-186-8
4-02-00-00390 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
NCGC00166305-01
PERACETIC ACID (MART.)
PERACETIC ACID [MART.]
PERACETIC ACID 15
PERACETIC ACID 15 Peracetic acid 15 Jump to navigationJump to search Peracetic acid 15 Peroxyacetic acid Peroxyacetic acid Names Preferred IUPAC name Ethaneperoxoic acid[1] Other names Peroxyacetic acid Acetic peroxide Acetyl hydroperoxide Proxitane Identifiers CAS Number 79-21-0 check 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image Abbreviations PAA ChEMBL ChEMBL444965 check ChemSpider 6336 check ECHA InfoCard 100.001.079 Edit this at Wikidata EC Number 201-186-8 KEGG D03467 check PubChem CID 6585 RTECS number SD8750000 UNII I6KPI2E1HD check UN number 3107 3105 CompTox Dashboard (EPA) DTXSID1025853 Edit this at Wikidata InChI[show] SMILES[show] Properties Chemical formula C2H4O3 Molar mass 76.05 g/mol Appearance Colorless liquid Density 1.0375 g/mL Melting point 0 °C (32 °F; 273 K)[2] Boiling point 105 °C (221 °F; 378 K) 25 C @ (1.6 kPa)[2] Acidity (pKa) 8.2 Refractive index (nD) 1.3974 (589 nm, 20 °C)[2] Viscosity 3.280 cP Pharmacology ATCvet code QG51AD03 (WHO) Hazards GHS pictograms GHS02: FlammableGHS05: CorrosiveGHS07: HarmfulGHS09: Environmental hazard GHS Signal word Danger GHS hazard statements H226, H242, H302, H312, H314, H332, H400 GHS precautionary statements P210, P220, P233, P234, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+312, P301+330+331, P302+352, P303+361+353, P304+312, P304+340, P305+351+338, P310, P312, P321 NFPA 704 (fire diamond) NFPA 704 four-colored diamond 232OX Flash point 40.5 °C (104.9 °F; 313.6 K) Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). check verify (what is check☒ ?) Infobox references Peracetic acid 15 (also known as peroxyacetic acid, or PAA), is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO3H. This organic peroxide is a colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor reminiscent of acetic acid. It can be highly corrosive. Peracetic acid 15 is a weaker acid than the parent acetic acid, with a pKa of 8.2.[2] Contents 1 Production 2 Uses 2.1 Epoxidation 3 Safety 4 See also 5 References Production Peracetic acid 15 is produced industrially by the autoxidation of acetaldehyde:[2] O2 + CH3CHO → CH3CO3H It forms upon treatment of acetic acid with hydrogen peroxide with a strong acid catalyst:[3] H2O2 + CH3CO2H ⇌ CH3CO3H + H2O As an alternative, acetyl chloride and acetic anhydride can be used to generate a solution of the acid with lower water content. Peracetic acid 15 is generated in situ by some laundry detergents. This route involves the reaction of tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) in the presence of an alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution. The Peracetic acid 15 is a more effective bleaching agent than hydrogen peroxide itself.[4][5] PAA is also formed naturally in the environment through a series of photochemical reactions involving formaldehyde and photo-oxidant radicals.[6] Peracetic acid 15 is always sold in solution as a mixture with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to maintain its stability. The concentration of the acid as the active ingredient can vary. Uses The United States Environmental Protection Agency first registered Peracetic acid 15 as an antimicrobial in 1985 for indoor use on hard surfaces. Use sites include agricultural premises, food establishments, medical facilities, and home bathrooms. Peracetic acid 15 is also registered for use in dairy and cheese processing plants, on food processing equipment, and in pasteurizers in breweries, wineries, and beverage plants.[7] It is also applied for the disinfection of medical supplies, to prevent biofilm formation in pulp industries, and as a water purifier and disinfectant. Peracetic acid 15 can be used as a cooling tower water disinfectant, where it prevents biofilm formation and effectively controls Legionella bacteria. A trade name for Peracetic acid 15 as an antimicrobial is Nu-Cidex.[8] In the European Union, Peroxyacetic acid was reported by the EFSA after submission in 2013 by the US Department of Agriculture .[9] Decontamination kits for cleaning fentanyl analogues from surfaces (as used by many police forces, amongst others) often contain solid peracetyl borate, which mixes with water to produce Peracetic acid 15.[10] Epoxidation Although less active than more acidic peracids (e.g., m-CPBA), Peracetic acid 15 in various forms is used for the epoxidation of various alkenes. Useful application are for unsaturated fats, synthetic and natural rubbers, and some natural products such as pinene. A variety of factors affect the amount of free acid or sulfuric acid (used to prepare the peracid in the first place).[11] Safety Peracetic acid 15 is a strong oxidizing agent and severe irritant to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency published the following Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGL):[12] eight-hour TWA AEGL Definition mg/m3 ppm 1 The concentration at which the general population will experience transient and reversible problems, such as notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. 0.52 0.17 2 The concentration that results in irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape. 1.6 0.52 3 The concentration that results in life-threatening health effects or death 4.1 1.3 See also Disinfectant Hydroxyl Organic peroxide Peroxy acid TrifluoroPeracetic acid 15 Peracetic acid 15 (CAS No. 79-21-0), also known as peroxyacetic acid or PAA, is an organic chemical compound used in numerous applications, including chemical disinfectant in healthcare, sanitizer in the food industry, and disinfectant during water treatment. Peracetic acid 15 has also previously been used during the manufacture of chemical intermediates for pharmaceuticals. Produced by reacting acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide with an acid catalyst, Peracetic acid 15 is always sold in stabilized solutions containing acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and water. For the food and healthcare industries, Peracetic acid 15 is typically sold in concentrates of 1 to 5 percent and is diluted before use. Many users know Peracetic acid 15 to be versatile and effective, and professionals with environmental responsibilities consider it to be environmentally friendly due to its decomposition products, which include acetic acid, oxygen, and water. However, industrial hygienists recognize that it is also highly corrosive and a strong oxidizer, and exposure to Peracetic acid 15 can severely irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. MANY ADVANTAGES “I’ve never seen a chemical whose applications cross over from food and beverage to wastewater,” says Debbie Dietrich, CIH, senior vice president of sales and marketing and corporate industrial hygienist at SKC Inc. “From an industrial standpoint, there are so many advantages to Peracetic acid 15: it’s easy to apply and it doesn’t leave any toxic residues.” Dietrich, who first learned about Peracetic acid 15 from the AIHA Healthcare Working Group, was surprised to find that the use of the compound extends far beyond the healthcare industry, where it’s primarily used as a chemical disinfectant. Outside of hospitals, Peracetic acid 15 has a wide variety of applications, including as a preventive additive to control bacteria such as Legionella in cooling towers and as a biocide to inhibit microbes in wastewater treatment. It’s even used for bleaching and wastewater treatment in the pulp and paper industry. In the food industry, Peracetic acid 15 is an effective antimicrobial used during poultry processing, to wash fresh produce, to sanitize surfaces, and more. Christine R. Knezevich, CIH, an industrial hygienist for the U.S. Air Force who has previous experience working in the food industry and for a manufacturer/distributor of Peracetic acid 15, agrees that the compound has many advantages. “What’s so wonderful is it’s no-rinse,” Knezevich, a former Safe Quality Food (SQF) practitioner, explains. She adds that because Peracetic acid 15 functions well at cold temperatures it can be used effectively in freezers and coolers where meat processing occurs. And some Peracetic acid 15 products can be used for more than one task. “The great thing about Peracetic acid 15 is that depending on the product registration and instructions for use, you can use it for multiple purposes: as a sanitizer, a disinfectant, or a sterilizer,” she explains. “Many times, it’s just a matter of the contact time and the concentration.” According to Knezevich, Peracetic acid 15 doesn’t pose an issue for facilities with water discharge permits under EPA’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program. The chemical compound is found on the agency’s Safer Chemical Ingredients List as an antimicrobial active that EPA has “verified to be of low concern based on experimental and modeled data.” Peracetic acid 15 is especially attractive to companies who are under pressure to use greener chemicals—particularly those that are certified under the ISO 14001 Environment Management System standard. Knezevich explains that large companies evaluate suppliers based on these “green” requirements. HAZARDS The International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC) for stabilized Peracetic acid 15 warns of short-term exposure effects, noting that “the substance is corrosive to the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract.” Symptoms of acute exposure may include cough, labored breathing, and shortness of breath; skin redness, pain, and blisters; and “severe deep burns” in the eyes, according to the ICSC, which is available on NIOSH’s website. While Peracetic acid 15 is highly irritating to those who work with it—manufacturing workers are most at risk, along with chemists studying the compound—Knezevich maintains that the primary concern associated with Peracetic acid 15 is that it’s a strong oxidizer. “Our major concerns were actually the fire and explosion hazards and reactivity issues,” she says, explaining that Peracetic acid 15 reacts violently with soft metals such as brass, copper, iron, and zinc. And at concentrations of 15 percent or higher, a major chemical manufacturer, FMC Corporation, recommends explosion-proof equipment. But for products containing concentrations of Peracetic acid 15 of five percent or less, which is what the majority of industries are dealing with, the biggest worry is that the compound will come into contact with the wrong type of metal, says Knezevich. She describes a mishap in which a galvanized steel dip tube was installed through the bung of a 55-gallon drum of a solution containing Peracetic acid 15. The drum was laid horizontally in its cradle over the weekend so it would be ready for use the following week. The soft metals of the dip tube reacted with the Peracetic acid 15, resulting in a buildup of oxygen gas. Sometime over the weekend, the drum ruptured from the heat and pressure of the reaction, releasing its contents onto the floor. Had staff been in the facility during that time, they likely would have noticed something was wrong. “They would have noticed that it was starting to bulge or foam,” Knezevich says. “I’ve worked for chemical companies that made products with peroxide, and, believe me—you’ll know when something has gone wrong.” Workplaces using Peracetic acid 15 at lower concentrations will preferably have some type of chemical metering pump system in place to minimize exposures to workers. During a roundtable presentation on surface disinfectants at AIHce 2013, Knezevich described how such a system can be set up in a space such as a janitor’s closet and be used to add water to concentrated Peracetic acid 15 products. Figure 1 depicts an example of a dispensing system. Some companies that sell Peracetic acid 15 products will also help set up and train workers on chemical dispensing equipment. Editor’s note: The mention of specific products, companies, or services does not constitute endorsement by AIHA® or The Synergist®. img_201612-feat1fig1 Figure 1. Chemical metering pump system that works by chemical proportioning through Dosatron pumps (left) and the transferring of chemicals through air pumps (right). Knezevich stresses the importance of employee training and safety precautions when dealing with Peracetic acid 15. “Worker education doesn’t end with the people handling [the Peracetic acid 15],” she says. “If you have personnel doing maintenance work, they have to understand what can and cannot be used with that system.” Knezevich prefers annual training to ensure that employees fully understand the hazards of Peracetic acid 15. Workers and others handling products containing Peracetic acid 15 should also be sure to follow the manufacturer’s instructions for use on technical information sheets that accompany each product. These sheets provide directions for use, including instructions for diluting the product, if necessary; chemical characteristics; safety and handling; and storage and disposal. EXPOSURE LIMITS While OSHA does not currently have a permissible exposure limit (PEL) for Peracetic acid 15, IH and OEHS professionals are not entirely without guidance. In 2014, ACGIH adopted a Threshold Limit Value–Short-Term Exposure Limit (TLV-STEL) for Peracetic acid 15 of 0.4 ppm (1.24 mg/m3) as a 15-minute time-weighted average (TWA) exposure that should not be exceeded at any time during a workday. The ACGIH STEL value carries the Inhalable Fraction and Vapor (IFV) endnote, which indicates that Peracetic acid 15 “may be present in both particle and vapor phases” and signals IHs to consider both phases when assessing exposures. The adverse health effects on which the TLV-STEL is based are upper respiratory tract, eye, and skin irritation. In 2010, the technical documentation supporting an Acute Exposure Guideline Level (AEGL) for Peracetic acid 15 was published in the eighth volume of Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals published by the National Academies Press. AEGLs, or exposure levels below which adverse health effects are not likely to occur, set threshold exposure limits for the general public and are applicable to emergency exposures ranging from 10 minutes to eight hours. They are established at three levels, with AEGL-1 representing the least severe toxic effects caused by exposure and AEGL-3 representing a level of exposure that could cause life-threatening health effects or death. The AEGL-2 for Peracetic acid 15, which indicates the level at which exposure could cause serious, long-lasting adverse health effects, is 0.5 ppm (1.6 mg/m3). A table outlining all AEGLs for Peracetic acid 15 is published on EPA’s website. Most recently, this past August NIOSH reopened for comment its draft Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) value profile for Peracetic acid 15. The profile summarizes the health hazards of acute exposures to high airborne concentrations of Peracetic acid 15 and discusses the rationale for the proposed IDLH value. The draft document lists the IDLH value for Peracetic acid 15 as 0.64 ppm (1.7 mg/m3). The agency does not currently have a recommended exposure limit (REL) for the compound. Exposure guidelines for Peracetic acid 15 are limited, but Knezevich notes that because it’s most often sold as a mixture with hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid, there are other ways for IHs to measure worker exposure to those chemicals. “You simply don’t have a limit for Peracetic acid 15, so the next step is to look at what else is in the mixture,” she says. Workplaces using Peracetic acid 15 at lower concentrations will preferably have some type of chemical metering pump system in place to minimize exposures to workers. Fortunately, the OSHA PELs, ACGIH TLVs, and NIOSH RELs cover both hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid. All three organizations have set their respective exposure limits at 1 ppm, or 1.4 mg/m3 TWA, for hydrogen peroxide. ACGIH notes that hydrogen peroxide is a “confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans.” The PEL, TLV, and REL for acetic acid are all set at 10 ppm, or 25 mg/m3 TWA. ACGIH and NIOSH both adopted a STEL for acetic acid at 15 ppm, or 37 mg/m3. SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL METHODS The only method currently available for sampling Peracetic acid 15 was published in 2004 by the Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité (INRS), a French research organization similar to NIOSH. The INRS method is for the simultaneous collection of Peracetic acid 15 and hydrogen peroxide because the two are found together in solutions. It took U.S. laboratories some time to begin analyzing samples using this method, but growing interest spurred several AIHA-accredited labs to offer the analysis over time, Dietrich says. SKC offers the media for the French method—two-section and single sorbent tubes for sampling Peracetic acid 15, preceded by a treated glass filter for hydrogen peroxide. Bureau Veritas has been offering analysis for Peracetic acid 15 for at least two or three years. Kristine Kurtz, PhD, a department supervisor who is involved in method development and validation at Bureau Veritas’ Novi, Mich., laboratory, says that her lab analyzes five to ten samples a week for Peracetic acid 15. Kurtz explains that most people use the two-section sorbent tubes for collection and that the media is silica gel that’s been treated with methyl p-tolyl sulfoxide, or MTSO. “During collection, the peroxyacetic acid oxidizes the MTSO from the sulfoxide into the sulfone, so the actual analyte that we’re dealing with is the oxidation product, or MTSOO,” Kurtz says. “In order to report out results as peroxyacetic acid, we use a conversion factor to convert the oxidation product that we’re actually using in the analysis back to peroxyacetic acid.” Dietrich says that when the media was first developed, laboratory professionals and others approached SKC with two concerns. One was that the method might not be accurately capturing the Peracetic acid 15. “Results were coming out as below the ACGIH TLV-STEL, but workers were still complaining of irritation,” she says. Another concern was that the background level on the sampling media was too high. Dietrich says that SKC put the media on hold to investigate the concerns with laboratory partners. SKC ultimately found a different reagent to lower the background levels of the company’s sorbent tube and worked with laboratory partners to verify that the INRS method worked with the media available. Kurtz says the improved media has allowed her laboratory to lower its reporting limit for Peracetic acid 15 to 5 micrograms. Both Dietrich and Kurtz stress the importance of using a flow rate of at least 1 L/min when using a filter and tube in series to sample for these chemicals. “Our tests showed that the method was capturing the chemical as long as you kept the flow rate at 1 liter per minute,” Dietrich says. “And it’s not easy—a lot of sampling pumps really struggle to pull 1 liter per minute through this sampling media because it has a very high pressure drop. Even if it drops to 800 milliliters per minute, you will see a drop in the recovery.” FUTURE SOLUTIONS In January, OSHA published Method 1019 for hydrogen peroxide based on the INRS sampling and analytical method for the chemical. OSHA Method 1019 uses the same filter media as the French INRS method and is available on OSHA’s website. Knezevich would like to see a PEL for Peracetic acid 15. She describes the balancing act that often challenges professionals who are responsible for health and safety as well as environmental issues. “We have this great product, and having more information on occupational exposure limits would help guide industrial hygienists” who currently rely mostly on their professional judgment in terms of Peracetic acid 15, she says. “How do you find something that’s safe for workers, effective, and doesn’t cause any environmental effects?” Dietrich is hopeful that new solutions related to Peracetic acid 15 are forthcoming, citing how government agencies, practitioners, and vendors collaborate when there are industrial hygiene problems to solve. “The global IH profession has once again come together to address the hazards of Peracetic acid 15,” Dietrich says. “Everybody’s working to ensure that workers are safe when dealing with this chemical that has so many uses and so many advantages.”
PERACETIC ACID 15%
PEROXYACETIC ACID; Ethaneperoxoic Acid; Acetyl Hydroperoxide; Peracetic acid, solution; Peressigsäure; ácido peracético; Acide peracétique CAS NO:79-21-0
PERACETIC ACID 15%
Peracetic acid 15% is a colorless liquid with a low pH value.
Peracetic acid 15% has a strong pungent smell like vinegar.
Peracetic acid 15%, also known as peroxyacetic acid, is a chemical compound that is used as a disinfectant, sanitizer, and sterilant in various industrial and healthcare applications.

CAS Number: 79-21-0
Molecular Formula: C2H4O3
Molecular Weight: 76.05
EINECS Number: 201-186-8

Peracetic acid 15% destroys pathogenic microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi.
Peracetic acid 15% breaks down into ecologically harmless components, making it a popular environmentally-friendly alternative disinfectant.
Peracetic acid 15% is a disinfectant chemical used by hospitals and the food processing industry.

The "15%" you mentioned indicates the concentration of peracetic acid in the solution.
In this case, it's a 15% peracetic acid solution.
Peracetic acid 15% is a fast-acting and fully biodegradable biocide, sanitiser and antimicrobial.

Peracetic acid 15% is very effective for killing microscopic organisms hiding in and on surfaces, but it decomposes to acetic acid, the acid in vinegar, and thus leaves no harmful residues on the food.
Peracetic acid 15% is a colorless liquid, highly reactive and has a strong vinegar.
Peracetic acid 15% is a peroxy acid that is acetic acid in which the OH group is substituted by a hydroperoxy group.

Peracetic acid 15% is a versatile oxidising agent that is used as a disinfectant.
Peracetic acid 15% has a role as an oxidising agent and a disinfectant.
Peracetic acid 15% is functionally related to an acetic acid.

Peracetic acid 15%, colorless liquid with a strong, pungent acrid odor.
Peracetic acid 15% is used as a bactericide and fungicide, especially in food processing; as a reagent in making caprolactam and glycerol; as an oxidant for preparing epoxy compounds; as a bleaching agent; a sterilizing agent; and as a polymerization catalyst for polyester resins.

Peracetic acid 15% (also known as peroxyacetic acid, or PAA), is a organic compound with the formula CH3CO3H.
Peracetic acid 15% peroxide is a colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor reminiscent of acetic acid.
Peracetic acid 15% can be highly corrosive.

Peracetic acid 15% was favored by water and wastewater industries for disinfection until several harmful disinfection by-products were discovered in chlorinated water.
Studies were done to find and eliminate disinfection byproduct precursors and look for an alternative disinfectant, which turned out to be Peracetic acid 15%, or PAA.
Peracetic acid 15% is a mixture of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in an aqueous solution.

Peracetic acid 15% is the principle component of vinegar.
Hydrogen peroxide has been previously recommended by the NOSB for the National List in processing (synthetic, allowed at Austin, 1995).
Peracetic acid 15% is a chemical product belonging to peroxide compounds such as hydrogen peroxide.

However, unlike hydrogen peroxide, Peracetic acid 15% is a more potent antimicrobial agent.
Peracetic acid 15% has high germicidal efficiency and sterilizing capability, and its degradation residuals are not dangerous to the environment or toxic to human health.
Until 1960, peracetic acid was of special interest to the food processing industry and actually was considered the only agent able to replace glutaraldehyde in the sterilization of surgical, medical, and odontoiatry instruments.

The actual core medical applications of peracetic acid are its potent antimicrobial action, also at low temperatures, and the total absence of toxic residuals.
Peracetic acid 15% is developed through a reactive process involving acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide.
Peracetic acid 15% is available in various commercial formulations ranging from 5% to 15%.

Those looking for a stronger, high-activity oxidizing disinfectant can opt for peracetic acid 15%.
Peracetic acid 15% is a colorless liquid with a strong, pungent acrid odor.
Peracetic acid 15% is used as a bactericide and fungicide, especially in food processing; as a reagent in making caprolactam and glycerol; as an oxidant for preparing epoxy compounds; as a bleaching agent; a sterilizing agent; and as a polymerization catalyst for polyester resins.

An aqueous equilibrium solution containing peracetic acid, Hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid and special stabilizers.
Peracetic acid 15% is considered environmentally safe since it decomposes to acetic acid and oxygen.
Peracetic acid 15% is completely biodegradeable.

Peracetic acid 15% is a highly effective oxidising disinfectant for use on processing equipment throughout the processed food industry as well as in breweries, dairies and soft drinks plants.
Peracetic acid 15% is non-foaming and has excellent rinsing properties and therefore is suitable for CIP applications.
Peracetic acid 15%, hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid blend.

Peracetic acid 15% is an organic peroxide based, colorless liquid with a low pH and a strong, pungent, vinegar-like odor.
In the concentrated form it is highly corrosive and unstable.
Peracetic acid 15% is formed from the reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide.

Peracetic acid 15% products contain all three chemicals in an aqueous solution often with stabilizers added.
The concentration of Peracetic acid 15% as the active ingredient, as well as the mixture of the other ingredients, can vary widely.
Peracetic acid 15%, also known as peroxyacetic acid or PAA, is an organic chemical compound used in numerous applications, including chemical disinfectant in healthcare, sanitizer in the food industry, and disinfectant during water treatment.

Peracetic acid 15% has also previously been used during the manufacture of chemical intermediates for pharmaceuticals.
Produced by reacting acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide with an acid catalyst, peracetic acid is always sold in stabilized solutions containing acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and water.
For the food and healthcare industries, peracetic acid is typically sold in concentrates of 1 to 5 percent and is diluted before use.

Many users know peracetic acid to be versatile and effective, and professionals with environmental responsibilities consider it to be environmentally friendly due to its decomposition products, which include acetic acid, oxygen, and water.
However, industrial hygienists recognize that Peracetic acid 15% is also highly corrosive and a strong oxidizer, and exposure to peracetic acid can severely irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory system.
Peracetic acid 15% is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO3H.

Peracetic acid 15% is a colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor reminiscent of acetic acid.
Peracetic acid 15% can be highly corrosive.
Peracetic acid 15% is a weaker acid than the parent acetic acid, with a pKa of 8.2.

Peracetic acid 15% is effective at killing a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores.
Peracetic acid 15% is used to disinfect and sanitize surfaces, equipment, and water in various settings, including food processing, healthcare facilities, and the agricultural industry.
Peracetic acid 15% is used in some sterilization processes, especially in healthcare and pharmaceutical industries.

Peracetic acid 15% can be used for sterilizing medical equipment and certain pharmaceutical products.
Peracetic acid 15% is used in wastewater treatment to disinfect and eliminate harmful microorganisms before discharging treated water into the environment.
Peracetic acid 15% is used as a sanitizer in food processing and packaging, ensuring the safety of food products by reducing the risk of microbial contamination.

Peracetic acid 15% is a potent oxidizing agent, which means it can break down organic matter and pathogens effectively.
However, this property also makes it potentially corrosive and harmful if not used correctly.
Peracetic acid 15%, it's essential to follow safety guidelines and wear appropriate personal protective equipment, as it can be corrosive and potentially hazardous if not handled properly.

Peroxyacetic acid’s, also known as Peracetic acid “PAA”, process and production were issued a US and UK patent to FMC Corporation on March 11, 1969 (US Patent # 3,432,546).
The process utilized a reactor tube vessel to blend Acetic anhydride, Hydrogen peroxide, and an Ammonia catalyst to carefully control and create an equilibrium mixture that had unique oxidative biocide properties.

The Peracetic acid 15% molecule is the one that imparts the microbiocidal activity to the mixture, and its actual concentration is the one that is diluted down for a variety of sanitizer, disinfectant, and sterilant applications in various markets.
To this day, all commercial versions of liquid Peracetic acid concentrates are an equilibrium mixture of these 3 molecules, many times including a stabilizer (ex. Sulfuric acid).
Peracetic acid 15% mixtures can contain from roughly 5% PAA up to 35% PAA with each PAA concentration having a variety of Acetic acid and Peroxide concentrations.

Melting point: -44 °C
Boiling point: 105 °C
Density: 1.19 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor pressure: Low
refractive index: n20/D 1.391
Flash point: 41 °C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
pka: 8.2(at 25℃)
color: Colorless liquid
Odor:Acrid odor
Water Solubility: soluble, >=10 g/100 mL at 19 ºC
Merck: 13,7229
BRN: 1098464
Stability: Unstable - may explode on heating. May react violently with organic materials.: Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acetic anhydride, alkenes, organics.
LogP: -0.26 at 20℃

For storage and stability along with application concerns, the Peroxide concentration in the Peracetic acid 15% is more critical than the Acetic acid.
This is because due to the Peroxide moiety, the stored Peracetic acid 15% concentrate will generate Oxygen.
That is why any manufacturer of Peracetic acid 15% must utilize a vented container and prohibit any flame, smoking or electrical sparks that may ignite the flammable Oxygen generated by the PAA concentrate.

Peracids such as Peracetic acid 15% are strong oxidizing agents and react exothermically with easily oxidized substrates.
In some cases the heat of reaction can be sufficient to induce ignition, at which point combustion is accelerated by the presence of the peracid.
Violent reactions may potentially occur, for example, with ethers, metal chloride solutions, olefins, and some alcohols and ketones.

Shock-sensitive peroxides may be generated by the action of peracids on these substances as well as on carboxylic anhydrides.
Some metal ions, including iron, copper, cobalt, chromium, and manganese, may cause runaway peroxide decomposition.
Peracetic acid 15% is also reportedly sensitive to light.

Peracetic acid 15% is typically a colorless liquid with a faint, vinegar-like odor.
Peracetic acid 15%s lack of strong color and odor makes it suitable for use in a wide range of applications.
Peracetic acid 15% is used for the high-level disinfection of medical devices and instruments that cannot withstand heat sterilization.

Peracetic acid 15% is particularly effective against bacterial spores and is commonly used in healthcare settings.
The effectiveness of peracetic acid as a disinfectant depends on the contact time.
Peracetic acid 15%'s important to follow the manufacturer's recommendations for the appropriate contact time to achieve proper disinfection.

Peracetic acid 15% is generally compatible with a wide range of materials and surfaces, but some plastics and elastomers may be sensitive to it.
Peracetic acid 15%'s important to check material compatibility when using peracetic acid for disinfection.
The concentration of peracetic acid solutions can vary based on the intended use.

Solutions can range from a few percent to more concentrated formulations.
Different concentrations may be used for different purposes.
Peracetic acid 15% is known for its biodegradability, and the breakdown products (acetic acid and oxygen) are environmentally benign, making it a more sustainable disinfection choice in certain applications.

Proper storage of Peracetic acid 15% solutions is essential.
They should be stored in well-ventilated areas, away from incompatible substances, and in containers that are resistant to PAA.
Anyone handling or working with peracetic acid should receive adequate training on safe handling procedures and emergency response measures.

In many countries, the use of Peracetic acid 15% is subject to regulatory oversight, and users should be familiar with and comply with relevant regulations and guidelines.
Facilities where Peracetic acid 15% is used should have appropriate emergency response plans in case of spills or accidents, and first-aid measures should be readily available.
When using peracetic acid in water treatment applications, Peracetic acid 15%'s important to ensure that monitoring equipment is compatible with the chemical to accurately measure its concentration and effectiveness.

Excess Peracetic acid 15% and waste material containing this substance should be placed in an appropriate container, clearly labeled, and handled according to your institution's waste disposal guidelines.
Peracetic acid 15%s may be incompatible with other flammable mixed chemical waste; for example, shock-sensitive peroxides can be generated by reaction with some ethers such as THF and diethyl ether.
Peracetic acid 15% is a versatile oxidizing agent that dissolves easily in water and decomposes into non-toxic by-products.

Evonik is one of the leading producers of Peracetic acid 15% and has developed a wide offering of high quality products, ranging in concentration from 5% to 40% peracetic acid in equilibrium solution.
The different concentrations are used in chemical synthesis, bleaching, sanitization, disinfection, hygiene and sterilization across a variety of industries, including food and beverage such as fruit and vegetable processing, poultry processing, environmental remediation, industrial cleaning and sanitization, and oil and gas production.

Peracetic acid 15% is a strong and robust sanitizer as well as an organic formulation that is also environmentally friendly.
This highly effective oxidizing agent has numerous applications ranging from sanitation to disinfection and sterilization.
Peracetic acid 15% is not stable and can decompose into acetic acid (vinegar), oxygen, and water over time.

This decomposition makes it a more environmentally friendly disinfectant compared to some other chemicals because it leaves behind minimal residues.
Unlike some disinfectants like chlorine-based compounds, Peracetic acid 15% does not produce harmful chlorinated byproducts when used for water treatment and disinfection.
Peracetic acid 15% can be applied in various forms, including liquid solutions, solid tablets, and gas forms, depending on the specific disinfection or sterilization needs.

When used as directed and with the appropriate contact time, Peracetic acid 15% typically leaves little to no harmful chemical residues on surfaces or in treated water, which can be a desirable feature in certain applications.
Peracetic acid 15% is used in the agricultural sector for disinfection in animal health, such as in poultry and livestock facilities, as well as for treating water in irrigation systems.

In healthcare, Peracetic acid 15% can be used for sterilizing medical equipment, particularly endoscopes and surgical instruments, to prevent healthcare-associated infections.
Peracetic acid 15% is commonly used for sanitizing food contact surfaces and equipment in food processing and packaging facilities, ensuring food safety.
Peracetic acid 15% can be used to disinfect and treat water in swimming pools, cooling towers, and other water systems to prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms.

Peracetic acid 15% is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, yeasts, molds, and viruses, making it a versatile and powerful disinfectant.
Peracetic acid 15% users of peracetic acid solutions should be aware of local regulations and guidelines governing its use and handling, particularly in food processing, healthcare, and water treatment.

Production Methods:
Peracetic acid 15% is a mixture of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in an aqueous solution.
Peracetic acid 15% is a very strong oxidizing agent and has stronger oxidation potential than chlorine or chlorine dioxide.
Liquid, clear, and colorless with no foaming capability.

Peracetic acid 15% has a strong pungent acetic acid odor, and the pH is acid.
Peracetic acid 15% is produced by reacting acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide.
The reaction is allowed to continue for up to 10 days in order to achieve high yields of product.

Additional methods of preparation involve the oxidation of acetaldehyde or alternatively as an end product of the reaction of acetic anhydride, hydrogen peroxide, and sulfuric acid.
Another method involves the reaction of tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) in the presence of an alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution.
Peracetic acid 15% is produced industrially by the autoxidation of acetaldehyde:

O2 + CH3CHO → CH3CO3H
In the presence of a strong acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid, acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide produce peracetic acid:
H2O2 + CH3CO2H ⇌ CH3CO3H + H2O
However, in concentrations (3-6%) of vinegar and hydrogen peroxide marketed for household use, mixing without a strong acid catalyst will not form peracetic acid.

As an alternative, acetyl chloride and acetic anhydride can be used to generate a solution of the acid with lower water content.
Peracetic acid 15% is generated in situ by some laundry detergents.
This is achieved by the action of bleach activators, such as tetraacetylethylenediamine and sodium nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate, upon hydrogen peroxide formed from sodium percarbonate in water.

The Peracetic acid 15% is a more effective bleaching agent than hydrogen peroxide itself.
Peracetic acid 15% is also formed naturally in the environment through a series of photochemical reactions involving formaldehyde and photo-oxidant radicals.
Peracetic acid 15% is always sold in solution as a mixture with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to maintain its stability. The concentration of the acid as the active ingredient can vary.

Uses:
Peracetic acid 15% is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur.
Other release to the environment of Peracetic acid 15% is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).
Environmentally friendly biocide; disinfectant in the food and beverage industry; bleaching agent for textiles and paper.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency first registered peracetic acid as an antimicrobial in 1986 for indoor use on hard surfaces.
Peracetic acid 15% use sites include agricultural premises, food establishments, medical facilities, and home bathrooms.
Peracetic acid 15% is also registered for use in dairy and cheese processing plants, on food processing equipment, and in pasteurizers in breweries, wineries, and beverage plants.

Peracetic acid 15% is also applied for the disinfection of medical supplies, to prevent biofilm formation in pulp industries, and as a water purifier and disinfectant.
Peracetic acid 15% can be used as a cooling tower water disinfectant, where it prevents biofilm formation and effectively controls Legionella bacteria.
A trade name for Peracetic acid 15% as an antimicrobial is Nu-Cidex.

In the European Union, peroxyacetic acid was reported by the EFSA after submission in 2013 by the US Department of Agriculture.
Decontamination kits for cleaning fentanyl analogues from surfaces (as used by many police forces, amongst others) often contain solid peracetyl borate, which mixes with water to produce peracetic acid.
Peracetic acid 15% is utilized to disinfect poultry houses, equipment, and egg processing facilities, helping to control the spread of diseases and maintain the health of birds and the safety of eggs.

Peracetic acid 15% is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, textile treatment products and dyes, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), paper chemicals and dyes and water treatment chemicals.
Release to the environment of Peracetic acid 15% can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
In aquaculture, Peracetic acid 15% can be used to disinfect water and equipment, particularly in fish and shrimp farming, to prevent disease outbreaks.

Peracetic acid 15% is used to control microbial growth in cooling water systems of industrial facilities, which can help improve the efficiency of these systems and reduce the risk of corrosion and fouling.
Peracetic acid 15% is sometimes used for the disinfection and sterilization of dental instruments and equipment in dental clinics.
In emergency situations or for outdoor recreational activities, Peracetic acid 15% can be used to disinfect drinking water to make it safe for consumption.

Peracetic acid 15% is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, paper chemicals and dyes, textile treatment products and dyes and perfumes and fragrances.
Peracetic acid 15% has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Peracetic acid 15% is used in the following areas: scientific research and development and health services.

Peracetic acid 15% is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur, chemicals, pulp, paper and paper products and food products.
Release to the environment of Peracetic acid 15% can occur from industrial use: as processing aid and in processing aids at industrial sites.
Peracetic acid 15% can be used for surface sanitization in various settings, including healthcare facilities, food service, and food preparation areas.

Peracetic acid 15% may be used in the oil and gas industry to control microbial growth in water systems and pipelines, preventing the formation of biofilm and microbial-related issues.
In some cases, Peracetic acid 15% is employed for disinfecting and decontaminating heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to improve indoor air quality.
Some household disinfectants contain Peracetic acid 15% as an active ingredient for effective disinfection and sanitization of surfaces in homes.

Peracetic acid 15% is used for the sterilization and decontamination of biological safety cabinets and laboratory equipment in research and healthcare settings.
Peracetic acid 15% is used as an epoxidizingagent, for bleaching, as a germicide and fungicide, and in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.
Peracetic acid 15%s solution Dialox is used as a cleansing andsterilizing agent in the reuse of highly permeable dialyzers.

Peracetic acid 15% asa local antiseptic in healing war wounds.Oxidative degradation of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons by peroxy acid in contaminated soils has been effectively achieved(N’Guessan et al. 2004).
Peracetic acid 15% is widely used to sterilize equipment, containers, production pipes, and storage at dairy and ice cream plants, breweries, and wineries.
Peracetic acid 15% is a safe decontaminator, and this is why it is a part of food and beverage processing. Fruits, vegetables, consumption vessels, pipework, and other required equipment are sterilized using the disinfectant.

Poultry and meat processing plants also use peracetic acid 15% to keep their units, including their production line and transport, free from contamination.
Peracetic acid 15% is also suggested for water decontamination, raw fruit, starch, vegetable treatment, and hygienic packaging.
This microprocessor-controlled, low-temperature sterilization agent is a strong oxidizing disinfectant against a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

Peracetic acid 15% is active against many microorganisms, such as gram-positive and -negative bacteria, fungi, spores, and yeast.
This ideal antimicrobial agent is primarily used in food processing and handling as a sanitizer for food contact surfaces.
Peracetic acid 15% is also used to disinfect medical supplies and prevent biofilm formation in pulp industries.

Peracetic acid 15% can be applied during water purification as a disinfectant and for plumbing disinfection.
Peracetic acid 15% is suitable for disinfecting cooling tower water and effectively prevents biofilm formation and controls Legionella bacteria.
Peracetic acid 15% is used for high-level disinfection and sterilization of medical devices and equipment in healthcare settings.

Peracetic acid 15% effectively kills a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and spores.
Peracetic acid 15% is used to disinfect items that cannot be heat-sterilized, such as endoscopes, surgical instruments, and dental equipment.
Peracetic acid 15% is employed as a sanitizer in the food processing industry.

Peracetic acid 15% helps ensure the safety of food products by reducing the risk of microbial contamination on surfaces, equipment, and packaging materials.
Peracetic acid 15% is used in fruit and vegetable washing, dairy processing, and in meat and poultry processing.
Peracetic acid 15% is used for the disinfection of water in various applications, such as cooling towers, swimming pools, and wastewater treatment.

Peracetic acid 15% helps control microbial growth, reduce biofilm formation, and eliminate harmful microorganisms in water systems.
Peracetic acid 15% is used to disinfect animal health facilities, including poultry and livestock barns, to control the spread of diseases and maintain the health of animals.
Peracetic acid 15% is also used to treat irrigation water for crop protection.

Peracetic acid 15% is utilized for disinfecting equipment, surfaces, and environments in veterinary practices to prevent the spread of infectious diseases in animals.
Peracetic acid 15% is used for sanitizing equipment and containers in the brewing and beverage industry to maintain the quality and safety of beverages.
Peracetic acid 15% is used for disinfection in the dairy industry to ensure the quality and safety of dairy products, including milk and cheese.

Peracetic acid 15% is employed for microbial control in paper manufacturing and water treatment processes.
Peracetic acid 15% is used for equipment and facility sterilization in the production of pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals.
Peracetic acid 15% is used in municipal wastewater treatment to disinfect effluent water before discharge into the environment, reducing the environmental impact of wastewater.

Peracetic acid 15% can help control microbial growth and reduce the formation of biofilm in cooling tower systems, which can improve the efficiency of cooling systems.
The organic chemical compound is used as a sustainable biocide for aseptic packaging of food and beverages, in cosmetics and for hair bleaching, for environmentally friendly water and wastewater treatment, for smart sustainable aquaculture solutions, for disinfection in agriculture, for chemical synthesis, for sterilization in hospital hygiene or for cleaning and disinfection of laundry and textiles.

Peracetic acid 15% is used in food and beverage industries as well as hospitals, health care and pharmaceutical facilities as an antimicrobial agent, surface cleaner and sanitizer.
In many meat and poultry establishments Peracetic acid 15% is used on carcasses, parts, trim and organs to reduce bacterial contamination and foot spoilage.
Peracetic acid 15% can be applied by a variety of methods including spray cabinet, dip tank, hand spray pump and chiller.

Safety Profile:
Moderately toxic by inhalation and skin contact.
Peracetic acid 15% a corrosive eye, sktn, and mucous membrane irritant.
Peracetic acid 15% questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data by skin contact.

Peracetic acid 15% severe explosion hazard when exposed to heat or by spontaneous chemical reaction.
Peracetic acid 15% explodes violently at 1 10°C. A powerful oxidizing agent.
Peracetic acid 15% violent reaction with ether solvents (e.g., tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether), metal chloride solutions (e.g., calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium chloride), olefins, organic matter.

Health Hazard:
The acute toxicity of peracetic acid is low.
However, peracids are extremely irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.
Skin or eye contact with the 40% solution in acetic acid can cause serious burns.

Peracetic acid 15% inhalation of high concentrations of mists of peracetic acid solutions can lead to burning sensations, coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.
Peracetic acid 15% has not been found to be carcinogenic or to show reproductive or developmental toxicity in humans.
There is some evidence that Peracetic acid 15% is a weak carcinogen from animal studies (mice).

Data on other peracids suggest Peracetic acid 15% may show the worst chronic and acute toxicity of this class of compounds.
Other commonly available peracids, such as Peracetic acid 15% and m-chloroperbenzoic acid (MCPBA) are less toxic, less volatile, and more easily handled than the parent substance.

Fire Hazard:
Peracetic acid 15% explodes when heated to 110 °C, and the pure compound is extremely shock sensitive.
Virtually all peracids are strong oxidizing agents and decompose explosively on heating.
Moreover, most peracids are highly flammable and can accelerate the combustion of other flammable materials if present in a fire.

Fires involving peracetic acid can be fought with water, dry chemical, or halon extinguishers.
Containers of Peracetic acid 15% heated in a fire may explode.
Decomposes violently at 230F.

When heated to decomposition, Peroxyacetic acid emits acrid smoke and fumes.
Runoff to sewer may create a fire or explosion hazard.
Peracetic acid 15% isolate from other stored material, particularly accelerators, oxidizers, and organic or flammable materials.

Storage:
Reactions involving large quantities of peracids should be carried out behind a safety shield.
Peracetic acid 15% should be used only in areas free of ignition sources and should be stored in tightly sealed containers in areas separate from oxidizable compounds and flammable substances.
Other commonly available peracids, such as Peracetic acid 15% and m-chloroperbenzoic acid (MCPBA), are less toxic, less volatile, and more easily handled than peracetic acid.

Synonyms:
PERACETIC ACID
Peroxyacetic acid
Ethaneperoxoic acid
79-21-0
Estosteril
Acetic peroxide
Peroxoacetic acid
Acetyl hydroperoxide
Monoperacetic acid
Osbon AC
Proxitane 4002
Desoxon 1
Ethaneperoxic acid
Hydroperoxide, acetyl
Acide peracetique
Acido peroxiacetico
Acecide
Proxitane
Caswell No. 644
Peroxy acetic acid
Acide peroxyacetique
Kyselina peroxyoctova
CCRIS 686
HSDB 1106
UNII-I6KPI2E1HD
I6KPI2E1HD
peroxy-acetic acid
EINECS 201-186-8
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 063201
BRN 1098464
DTXSID1025853
CHEMBL444965
DTXCID805853
CHEBI:42530
EC 201-186-8
4-02-00-00390 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
NCGC00166305-01
PERACETIC ACID (MART.)
PERACETIC ACID [MART.]
Oxypel
Perethanoic Acid
Proxitane S
Acide peracetique [French]
Proxitane 12A
F50
Acide peroxyacetique [French]
Acido peroxiacetico [Spanish]
Kyselina peroxyoctova [Czech]
Proxitane 1507
LCAP
Ethanperoxsaure
Peressigsaure
Bactipal
Oxymaster
Soproper
Dialox
peractic acid
Peroxyessigsaure
Peroxyethansaure
Sekusept steril
Acetic peroxid
per-acetic acid
Acido peracetico
Peroxacetic acid
Acid, Peracetic
Peraflu D
acetic acid oxide
TLCUO Phytoncide
peroxyethanoic acid
PU US Phytoncide
Acid, Peroxyacetic
AcOOH
Acecide (TN)
Acid, Peroxyethanoic
GPES
JOYCARE
UNICARE
Wofasteril E 400
CLEAN WORKS
TLCUO LEMON
CARE PLUS
TLCUO PURE
PU US LEMON
PU US PURE
CH3CO2OH
WECLEAN C2 TLCUO
Ethaneperoxoic acid, 9CI
CH3C(O)OOH
BACTERIA ZERO PREMIUM
PERACETIC ACID [MI]
PERACETIC ACID [HSDB]
PERACETIC ACID [WHO-DD]
KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)
BLOWHALE DEODORANT SENITIZER
Tox21_112402
BDBM50266095
Peroxyacetic acid, >43% and with >6% hydrogen peroxide [Forbidden]
AKOS015837803
DB14556
CAS-79-21-0
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 063201
D03467
EN300-173399
Dr.Vir Germ Peroxyacetic acid Multi-disinfectant
Q375140
Peroxyacetic acid, >43% and with >6% hydrogen peroxide
PERACTIVE AC WHITE
Peractive AC White is substance of organic origin, environmentally friendly, high efficiency, safe for users.
Peractive AC White, commonly abbreviated as TAED, is an organic compound with the formula (CHC(O))NCHCHN(C(O)CH).
Peractive AC White is a synthetic chemical that often comes in the form of a white powder.


CAS Number: 10543-57-4
EC Number: 234-123-8
INCI/Chemical Name: Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED)
Molecular Formula: C10H16N2O4
Composition: Tetraacetyl ethylene diamine with carboxy methylcellulose
Chemical Composition: Tetraacetyl ethylene diamine with carboxy methylcellulose


Peractive AC White is activator of low-temperature (30 - 60 C) peroxide bleaching and disinfection.
Recommended of Peractive AC White input: 8 - 15% by weight of sodium percarbonate.
Peractive AC White comes as cream-colored granules.
Peractive AC White describes a range of effective bleach activators.


In combination with sodium percarbonate (SPC) or H2O2, they enable the removal of bleachable stains from fabrics and dishes at temperatures from 30 to 60°C.
Additionally they provide a high standard of hygiene in automatic dishwashing and laundry applications by the in-situ generation of peracetic acid.
Peractive AC White bleach activators are produced with high purity in a solvent-free process with water as only by-product.
They are safe for consumers and the environment, have a low toxicological / ecotoxicological profile and are readily biodegradable.


Peractive AC White describes a range of effective bleach activators.
In combination with sodium percarbonate (SPC) or H2O2, they enable the removal of bleachable stains from fabrics and dishes at temperatures from 30 to 60°C.
Additionally they provide a high standard of hygiene in automatic dishwashing and laundry applications by the in-situ generation of peracetic acid.
Peractive AC White is only for powder and tablet formulations - not suitable or stable in water-based formulations (only anhydrous)


Peractive AC White is especially environmentally friendly.
Peractive AC White is very safe and does not need to be treated when the environment after use is not like current detergents.
Peractive AC White, when combined with sodium percarbonate, creates a bleach-friendly, biodegradable and completely non-toxic substance to humans and the environment.
Peractive AC White, Tetraacetylethylenediamine, commonly abbreviated as TAED, is an organic compound with the formula (CH3C(O))2NCH2CH2N(C(O)CH3)2.


Peractive AC White is produced by acetylation of ethylenediamine.
Peractive AC White is a dicarboximide.
Peractive AC White has low aquatic ecotoxicity, non-irritating effects on the skin and eyes, and it is neither mutagenic nor teratogenic.


Peractive AC White has been included in the US Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Safer Choice program.
At present, Peractive AC White is the principal bleach activator used in European laundry detergent formulations, with a substantial annual consumption.
Typical concentrations of Peractive AC White range from 1.4% to 13% in various products.


Peractive AC White has no irritating effects on skin and eyes.
Peractive AC White also does not give any indication of skin sensitization as a result of prolonged exposure, such as hand wash.
Peractive AC White is also not teratogenic or mutagenic.


Peractive AC White is essentially non-toxic and easily biodegradable.
Both Peractive AC White and its by-product DAED have low aquatic ecotoxicity and very low toxicity in all exposure routes.
TAED, TriAED, and DAED are all fully biodegradable and efficiently removed during wastewater treatment.


Peractive AC White reacts with the perhydroxyl anion HO2- in the presence of aqueous alkaline solution to prepare triacetylethylenediamine and diacetylethylenediamine with the release of peracetic acid, which is a fast acting bleaching agent.
Peractive AC White is used as a peroxide bleach activator in household detergents and for paper pulp.


Peractive AC White also serves as an important component of laundry detergents and bleaches, where it is used as an activator for active oxygen bleaching agents such as sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, sodium perphosphate and sodium persulfate.
Peractive AC White is produced by acetylation of ethylenediamine
Peractive AC White is off-white to beige granular powder.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PERACTIVE AC WHITE:
The high Peractive AC White/Sodium Pecarbonate ratio provides excellent protection against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria.
Peractive AC White eliminates unpleasant odors, which are the result of vital activity of microorganisms.
Peractive AC White is used as a bleaching activator in laundry detergents.
Peractive AC White is commonly used as a bleach activator in laundry detergents and for paper pulp.


Peractive AC White is used as a granulation aid.
Peractive AC White has used peroxide bleach activator for household detergents, paper pulp.
Other Applications of Peractive AC White: laundry detergents and automatic dishwashing detergents with normal and high bulk density.
Other uses of Peractive AC White include the production of paper pulp (bleaching of paper).


Peractive AC White can be found in automatic dishwasher formulations, as an active agent in common disinfectants, and as a sterilant in a variety of cleaners and solutions for medical use.
Peractive AC White reacts with hydrogen peroxide to form peracetic acid, which is a powerful color-safe bleaching agent and biocide.


The resulting compound features strong bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal properties, enabling Peractive AC White to disinfect and deodorize.
Peractive AC White’s also used as a surfactant in soap bars, light-duty detergents, and dishwashing detergents, as well as a delinting agent for cottonseed.
Peractive AC White can be added to lauryl sulfate-based liquid cleansers to help stabilize and improve foam formation.


Peractive AC White is used as a peroxide activator, it improves the washing efficiency and disinfection function of peroxide in low-temperature water.
Peractive AC White has excellent performance in low temperature bleaching and environmental protection with suitable price.
In detergents, when the content of Peractive AC White reaches 1.5% to 5.0%, the sodium perborate can exert its bleaching effect at normal temperature.


The combination of hydrogen peroxide and Peractive AC White is a new method for textile bleaching.
Peractive AC White not only reduces the bleaching temperature, but also achieves a good bleaching effect at low temperatures.
We use Peractive AC White in some of our laundry and dish products as a biodegradable activator for our oxygen-based bleaching agents.


We use Peractive AC White in products as a catalyst to enhance the speed of the reaction between the bleach agents and soil particles on dirty clothes or dishes.
This allows us to make our formulations much more concentrated, while also improving cleaning performance.
Peractive AC White has been used in cleaning products since the 1980s, however its usefulness has increased with the rise of High-Efficiency (HE) washing machines and dishwashers.


These HE machines use lower temperatures and less water to clean, which can contribute to conditions for increased microbial growth inside machines.
Regular use of Peractive AC White-containing detergents has been shown to help limit microbial growth inside machines to safer levels.
Though Peractive AC White is a synthetic ingredient, its low environmental impacts (low bioaccumulation, low toxicity to aquatic life, and biodegradability) contribute to this ingredient meeting our criteria for use in our products.


Peractive AC White is an activator of bleaching agents such as sodium perborate or sodium percarbonate in detergents
Peractive AC White enables clothes to be cleaned effectively and safely at lower temperatures, thereby reducing energy usage and minimizing environmental impact.
Peractive AC White reacts with hydrogen peroxide to form the powerful color-safe bleaching agent, stain remover, odor eliminator, and sanitizer that is largely non-toxic and readily biodegradable.


Peractive AC White removes a broad range of stains, such as tea, coffee and red wine through an oxidative process.
Peractive AC White is used as a mild oxidizing agent, the peracetic acid produced by Peractive AC White is safe for textile dyes and fibers verses sodium hypochlorite.
The optimum pH to use Peractive AC White is 9-11.
Peractive AC White is the safer alternative to bleach for colored fabrics.


Peractive AC White is an organic compound widely used as a bleach activator in laundry detergents.
Peractive AC White has an active role in the cleaning process, enabling safe and effective results in lower temperatures.
Peractive AC White is a vital component of laundry detergents as an alternative to “active oxygen” bleaching agents, from sodium perborate to urea peroxide.


While typical “active oxygen” agents work by releasing hydrogen peroxide during the wash cycle, that effect is only possible in temperatures below 60 °C (140 °F).
On the other hand, Peractive AC White and its ability to form peroxyacetic acid allow efficient cleaning and bleaching results in lower temperature wash cycles.
Powdered Peractive AC White can be easily stabilized by granulation, with the support of the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC).


Despite the comparably low solubility of Peractive AC White in cold water, the granules still effectively dissolve in the washing solution within a couple of minutes.
After starting the washing process, Peractive AC White melts easily and quickly in its entirety.
Peractive AC White's properties as a detergent component help with reducing energy usage, subsequently minimizing environmental impact in the process.
Peractive AC White’s also used as a surfactant in soap bars, light-duty detergents, and dishwashing detergents, as well as a delinting agent for cottonseed.


Peractive AC White can be added to lauryl sulfate-based liquid cleansers to help stabilize and improve foam formation.
As an antistatic agent, Peractive AC White can be found in plastics, such as polyethylene film for food packaging and rigid polyvinyl chloride.
In combination with metallic salts, Peractive AC White works as an antistatic for polystyrene and in impact-resistant rubber polystyrene blends.
Other uses of Peractive AC White include electric plating, shoe polish, printing ink, and more.


Peractive AC Whiteis a bleaching activator used mainly in detergents, additives for washing machines and dishwashers,
Peractive AC White, There is no need to heat the water as the reaction is active at room temperature which saves electricity when some washing machines and dishwashers have a heating function.
Peractive AC White is especially environmentally friendly. Because Peractive AC White is industrially produced in a closed process, the substances produced are 99.9% pure.


Peractive AC White is very safe and does not need to be treated when the environment after use is not like current detergents.
Peractive AC White, when combined with sodium percarbonate, creates a bleach-friendly, biodegradable and completely non-toxic substance to humans and the environment.
This white solid, Peractive AC White, is commonly used as a bleach activator in laundry detergents and for paper pulp.
Peractive AC White is an important compound of laundry detergents used as a substitute for “active oxygen” bleaching agents.


While commonly “active oxygen” agents work by liberating the hydrogen peroxide during the washing process, this consequence is only possible below 60 °C (140 °F) temperatures.
Peractive AC White and its capacity to make the peroxyacetic acid allow effective bleaching and cleaning during the washing process at lower temperature.
Peractive AC White has no irritating side effects on eyes, skin or any other part of human body.


Peractive AC White is used as a peroxide bleach activator in household detergents and for paper pulp.
Peractive AC White also serves as an important component of laundry detergents and bleaches, where it is used as an activator for active oxygen bleaching agents such as sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, sodium perphosphate and sodium persulfate.


Peractive AC White reacts with the perhydroxyl anion HO2- in the presence of aqueous alkaline solution to prepare triacetylethylenediamine and diacetylethylenediamine with the release of peracetic acid, which is a fast acting bleaching agent.
Peractive AC White can be used as a reagent:
Along with sodium perborate and sodium bicarbonate for the oxidation of primary aliphatic amines to aliphatic C-nitroso compounds.


Peractive AC White also does not give any sign of skin sensation as a result of prolonged exposure, for instance hand wash.
In combination with sodium percarbonate to deliver peracetic acid in situ for Baeyer-Villiger oxidation.
Peractive AC White can also be used as a peroxide bleach activator in laundry detergents and in textile chemistry applications.


-Consumer use of Peractive AC White:
Most of the Peractive AC White consumption in households relates to the use as a bleaching activator in detergents.
Peractive AC White’s a highly efficient agent, able to bleach a broad range of stubborn stains, from tea and coffee to wine and food.
Peractive AC White also significantly contributes to the overall whiteness of the laundry.
As a detergent component, Peractive AC White is also active in removing unpleasant scents through its antimicrobial performance, while remaining gentle to the fibers.
With Peractive AC White presented in the formula, stains such as coffee, tea, coffee, and fruit juices can be effectively removed at water temperatures as low as 15 °C.


-Use in detergents – and related industries:
Peractive AC White When reacted vigorously with sodium perborate (Oxygen powder) or sodium percarbonate salts.
The reaction produces peracetic acid in solution at room temperature, and free hydrogen peroxide depending on the salt type.
These two oxidizing agents give the best bleaching results on stubborn stains, and are also a clean sanitizing solution.
European and American studies show outstanding advantages over conventional detergents, colors and fibers are protected and no harm to the washing machine.


-Uses of Peractive AC White:
There is no need to heat the water as the reaction is active at room temperature which saves electricity when some washing machines and dishwashers have a heating function.


-Industry use of Peractive AC White:
Peractive AC White is commonly utilized in the household detergents industry as a peroxide bleach activator.
Peractive AC White is a vital component of laundry detergents and fabric bleaches, where it is used as an alternative active agent in place of sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, sodium perphosphate, or sodium persulfate.


-Uses of Peractive AC White:
Peractive AC White is a bleaching activator which is mainly used in detergents and additives for laundry washing and dishwashing.
Typical concentrations of Peractive AC White range between 1.4% and 13% in these products.
A small amount of the produced Peractive AC White is also used in bleaching of paper, textiles and for the generation of Peracetic acid.
Peroxide bleach activator for household detergents, paper pulp.


-Uses of Peractive AC White:
Peractive AC White is used as a peroxide bleach activator in household detergents and for paper pulp.
Peractive AC White also serves as an important component of laundry detergents and bleaches, where it is used as an activator for active oxygen bleaching agents such as sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, sodium perphosphate and sodium persulfate.
Peractive AC White reacts with the perhydroxyl anion HO2- in the presence of aqueous alkaline solution to prepare triacetylethylenediamine and diacetylethylenediamine with the release of peracetic acid, which is a fast acting bleaching agent.


-Applications of Peractive AC White:
*bleach activator in solid laundry detergent at 1-3%
*bleach activator in liquid detergent concentrations at 4-6%
*bleach activator in compact detergents at 6-8%
used in automatic dishwashing formulations (tablet and liquids).
*used as sterilant in everything from denture cleaners to medical instruments
*safer alternative to bleach in detergents
*bleach for pulp & paper and textile industry


-Application of Peractive AC White:
*Bleach activator for laundry detergents and automatic dishwashing detergents with normal and high bulk density.
*Granules with CMC as granulating auxiliary.


-Medical uses of Peractive AC White:
disinfection, equipment disinfection, area cleaner, fabric remover.
-Restaurant and hotel:
cleaning kitchen equipment, detergent for laundry area, cleaning agent for bathroom, maintenance of kitchen equipment, washing machine, bleaching pool.


-Household chemicals:
Washing powder, bleach powder, house cleaning agent, bathroom, kitchen.
-Agriculture:
disinfectant in isolated areas.
-Food processing:
sanitizers and disinfectants for food processing machinery and equipment.



BENEFITS OF PERACTIVE AC WHITE:
Benefits of Peractive AC White bleaching system:​
*Oxidative removal of a broad number of colored stains; especially fruit and juice stains​
*Hygiene and malodor prevention due to biocidal action on a broad range of germs​
*Prevention of biofilm formation on machine surfaces​
*Color and fabric safe​
*Peractive AC White shows a higher storage stability against heat



USE AND MECHANISM OF ACTION OF PERACTIVE AC WHITE:
Peractive AC White is an important component of laundry detergents that use "active oxygen" bleaching agents.
Active oxygen bleaching agents include sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, sodium perphosphate, sodium persulfate, and urea peroxide.
These compounds release hydrogen peroxide during the wash cycle, but the release of hydrogen peroxide is low when these compounds used in temperatures below 45 °C (113 °F).
Peractive AC White and hydrogen peroxide react to form peroxyacetic acid, a more efficient bleach, allowing lower temperature wash cycles, around 40 °C (104 °F).
Peractive AC White was first used in a commercial laundry detergent in 1978 (Skip by Unilever).
Currently, Peractive AC White is the main bleach activator used in European laundry detergents and has an estimated annual consumption of 75 kt.



PREPARATION OF PERACTIVE AC WHITE:
Peractive AC White is produced in a two stage process from ethylenediamine (ED) and acetic anhydride (Ac2O).
ED is first diacetylated to DAED.
In the second step DAED is subsequently converted with Ac2O via TriAED into TAED (Clariant, 1999).

Peractive AC White is crystallized out of the reaction mixture, filtered, washed and dried, and if necessary also granulated.
The raw materials used occur almost quantitatively in the product.
Byproducts are not formed.
Peractive AC White was prepared by acetylation of diacetylethylenediamine (DAED) with acetic anhydride in a 5 L reactor coupled with a packed distillation column, 2.5 cm in inside diameter and 1 m in length.

The reaction temperature was set at 135 °C and the reflux ratio at 6.
The molar ratio of acetic anhydride to DAED was varied from 3 to 5.
A Peractive AC White yield as high as 80% was obtained, higher by 15% than in the absence of distillation.



PERHYDROLYSIS:
Peractive AC White reacts with alkaline peroxide via the process called perhydrolysis releasing of peracetic acid.
The first perhydrolysis gives triacetylethylenediamine (TriAED) and the second gives diacetylethylenediamine (DAED).



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PERACTIVE AC WHITE:
Concentration: [%] approx. 92
Appearance: white, free flowing agglomerate
Apparent density: [g/l] 380 - 580
Particle size distribution: >1600µm [%] 2 max.
< 200µm [%] 3 max.
Appearance: granular
Colour: white
Odour: characteristic
Molecular Weight: 228.24
XLogP3-AA: -1.2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 3
Exact Mass: 228.11100700
Monoisotopic Mass: 228.11100700
Topological Polar Surface Area: 74.8 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 16
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 265
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Melting point: 149-154 °C
Boiling point: 140 °C (1.5002 mmHg)
Density: 0.9
refractive index: 1.4550 (estimate)
Flash point: 140 °C
pka: -1.23±0.70(Predicted)
form: Granular Powder
color: Off-white to beige
Water Solubility: slightly soluble
Merck: 14,9028
BRN: 1795711
InChIKey: BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical formula: C10H16N2O4
Molar mass: 228.248 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless solid
Density: 0.9
Melting point: 149 to 154 °C (300 to 309 °F; 422 to 427 K)
Solubility in water: 0.2 g/L @ 20 °C

Appearance : granular
Colour : white
Odour : characteristic
pH : 6 - 8, Concentration: 1 g/l (20 °C)
Melting point/range : No data available
Boiling point/boiling range : No data available
Flash point : Not applicable
Evaporation rate : Not applicable
Upper explosion limit : Not applicable
Lower explosion limit : Not applicable
Vapour pressure : Not applicable
Relative vapour density : Not applicable
Relative density : Not applicable
Density : No data available

Bulk density : ca. 420 kg/m3
Solubility(ies)
Water solubility : ca. 1 g/l soluble (20 °C)
Solubility in other solvents : No data available
Partition coefficient: noctanol/water : No data available
Ignition temperature : Not applicable
Thermal decomposition : No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, dynamic : Not applicable
Viscosity, kinematic : Not applicable
Flow time : Not applicable
Explosive properties : Not explosive
Method: Expert judgement
Oxidizing properties : The substance or mixture is not classified as oxidizing.
Method: Expert judgement
Surface tension : Not applicable

Appearance: Blue/Green/ White, free flowing granules
Odour: Mild, no smell of acetic acid
Bulk density: 380-580, g/l
Main content(HPLC): 92.0±2, %
Distribution of size(50g, 5min): ≥ 1600mm 2.0% max
≤0.2mm 3.0% max
Moisture content(50g, 5min): 2.0% max
Iron(Fe) content: 20mg/kg max
Molecular Weight: 228.25
Exact Mass: 228.24
BRN: 1795711
EC Number: 234-123-8
HScode: 29241900
PSA: 74.8

XLogP3: -1.61
Appearance: Off-white to beige Granular Powder
Density: 0.9
Melting Point: 174-176 °C
Boiling Point: 140 °C (1.5002 mmHg)
Flash Point: 140 °C
Refractive Index: 1.4550 (estimate)
Water Solubility: slightly soluble
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place.
Store in a tightly closed container.
Vapor Pressure:: 0 mmHg at 25°C
Melting Point: 149-154 °C
Boiling Point: 386.4±25.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 174.8±15.5 °C
Molecular Formula: C10H16N2O4
Molecular Weight: 228.245
Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3



FIRST AID MEASURES of PERACTIVE AC WHITE:
-General advice :
Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
*If inhaled :
If inhaled, remove to fresh air.
Get medical advice/ attention.
*In case of skin contact :
In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact :
In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water
for at least 15 minutes.
*If swallowed :
Get medical attention immediately.
-Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed :
None known.
-Notes to physician :
Treat symptomatically.



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PERACTIVE AC WHITE:
-Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Wear suitable protective clothing.
-Environmental precautions :
Prevent product from entering drains.
Do not contaminate water.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Use mechanical handling equipment.
Flush with water.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PERACTIVE AC WHITE:
-Suitable extinguishing media :
Water spray jet
Foam



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PERACTIVE AC WHITE:
-Personal protective equipment:
*Hand protection
Remarks :
Protective gloves complying with EN 374.
Minimum thickness (glove): not determined
-Eye protection :
Safety glasses
Protective measures :
-Hygiene measures :
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PERACTIVE AC WHITE:
-Storage:
*Requirements for storage areas and containers:
Keep only in the original container.
*Further information on storage conditions:
Store in a dry place.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PERACTIVE AC WHITE:
-Chemical stability :
Stable under normal conditions.
-Conditions to avoid :
None known.



SYNONYMS:
Acetamide,N,N′-1,2-ethanediylbis[N-acetyl-
Acetamide,N,N′-1,2-ethanediylbis[N-acetyl-
Diacetamide,N,N′-ethylenebis-
N,N′-1,2-Ethanediylbis[N-acetylacetamide]
N,N,N′,N′-Tetraacetylethylenediamine
Tetraacetylethylenediamine
N,N′-Ethylenebis[diacetamide]
Mykon ATC
Nikon A
T 0946
TAED 4303
TAED
Peractive AN
N,N′-Ethylenebis[N-acetylacetamide]
TAED 4049
Peractive TAED
Peractive P
Warwick B 610
Peractive AP
Peractive AC
Warwick B 637
Mykon B 610
Mikon ATC
Peractive AC Blue
N,N′-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)
TAED, N,N′-ethylenebis(diacetamide)
Tetraacetylethylenediamine
10543-57-4
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetylethylenediamine
TAED
N-Acetyl-N-[2-(diacetylamino)ethyl]acetamide
Acetamide, N,N'-1,2-ethanediylbis[N-acetyl-
Tetracetylethylenediamine
N,N'-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)
N,N'-Ethylenebis(N-acetylacetamide)
N,N-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)
tetraacetyl ethylenediamine
N,N'-Ethylenebis(diacetamide)
P411ED0N2B
Acetamide, N,N'-1,2-ethanediylbis(N-acetyl-
MFCD00014967
N,N'-1,2-Ethanediylbis(N-acetyl-Acetamide
N,N'-1,2-Ethanediylbis[N-acetyl-Acetamide
UNII-P411ED0N2B
EINECS 234-123-8
PERACTIVE AC
NIKON A
TAED [INCI]
TAED [MI]
EC 234-123-8
WARWICK B 610
N-acetyl-N-[2-(N-acetylacetamido)ethyl]acetamide
SCHEMBL20390
DTXSID5040752
CHEBI:166456
n,n,n,n-tetraacetylethylenediamine
ZINC2015842
N,N'-Ethylenebis(diacetamide), 8CI
AKOS005207256
SB79596
NCGC00164405-01
AS-65802
DB-040621
FT-0629347
T0946
D92422
N,N\'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide)
N-Acetyl-N-[2-(diacetylamino)ethyl]acetamide #
A801241
N,N'-1,2-Ethanediylbis[N-acetylacetamide], 9CI
Q419209
J-001421
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetylethylenediamine, technical, >=90% (CHN)
TAED
N,N′-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-acetylacetamide);
N,N′-ethylenebis(diacetamide)
Diacetamide,N,N'-ethylenebis
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetylethylenediamine
N,N'-1,2-Ethanediylbis[N-acetylacetamide]
N,N'-Ethylenebis[N-acetylacetamide]
N,N'-Ethylenebis[diacetamide]
Acetamide, N,N'-1,2-ethanediylbis-N-acetyl-
N-[2-(diethanoylamino)ethyl]-N-ethanoyl-ethanamide
N-acetyl-N-[2-(diacetylamino)ethyl]acetamide
N,N'-Ethylenebis(diacetamide)
N,N'-Ethylenebis(N-acetylacetamide)
N,N-Ethylenebis(N-acetylacetamide)
N,N,N,N-Tetraacetylethylenediamine
N-Acetyl-N-[2-(diacetylamino)ethyl]acetamide
EINECS 234-123-8
Tetraacetylethylenediamine
N,N,N,N-Tetraacetylethylenediamine
TAED
N,N-Ethane-1,2-diylbis(N-acetylacetamide)
acetamide, N-acetyl-N-[2-(diacetylamino)ethyl]-
N,N-1,2-Ethanediylbis(N-acetylacetamide)
Acetamide, N,N-1,2-ethanediylbis[N-acetyl-
MFCD00014967
N,N,N′,N′-Tetraacetylethylenediamine
N,N-1,2-Ethanediylbis[N-acetylacetamide]


PERAMIN SMF
Peramin SMF are sulfonated melamine polymers.
Peramin SMF product line is a line of plasticizers based on sulfonated melamine resins in powder form.
There are seven main products in the Peramin SMF range.


Peramin 10 through 31 are powdered sulfonated melamine superplasticizer, while F40 comes in liquid form.
Peramin SMF 10 is the reference grade for all applications.
Peramin SMF 11 enhances flow and is especially recommended for dry-silo mortars.


Peramin SMF 20 has a low release of free formaldehyde.
Peramin SMF 22 also has a low release of free formaldehyde and comes especially recommended for use with calcium sulfate binders.
Peramin SMF 30 enhances flow under weak mixing and provides a good wetting effect, especially recommended for fluid tile adhesives.


Peramin SMF 31 increases open time through its controlled retarding effect.
Peramin F40 is the liquid reference within the Peramin SMF superplasticizer range.
Peramin SMF is a reference range of conventional plasticizers for dry mortar mixes, plaster and concrete screeds with an excellent price-performance ratio.


When using the Peramin SMF, sufficient water reduction and flow properties are improved.
Peramin SMF are sulfonated melamine polymers.
Peramin SMF is the reference range of conventional plasticizers for drymix mortars, gypsum and concrete materials.


Peramin SMF are sulfonated melamine polymer.
Peramin SMF is the reference range of conventional plasticizers for drymix mortars, gypsum and concrete materials, due to their consistency, robustness and excellent cost-performance ratio.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PERAMIN SMF:
Peramin SMF is used Self-levelling materials, Dressing mixes, Injection mortars, Concrete screeds, and Repair mortars.
As a superplasticizer, Peramin SMF enables users to achieve high flow properties and reduce water content in self leveling compounds and screed technology.


Superplasticizers are high-range water reducing additives used when the dispersion of particles in suspension is required to modify mortars and concrete.
Peramin SMF allows for a large reduction of the water content without affecting their workability, shorter setting time, lower shrinkage and higher mechanical strengths.


Peramin SMF can also enable greater flowability with the same water content, meaning a decrease in viscosity, which results in excellent flow properties, as well as very good self-leveling properties.
Typically, the dosage of Peramin SMF normally lies in the range of 0.1%-0.8% of the dry mortar total weight, depending on the kind of superplasticizer and performance required.


During its initial stage of use, Peramin SMF provides a long working time, flowability and water reduction.
During setting, Peramin SMF provides consistency, robustness and regularity of color.
And, once installed, Peramin SMF guarantees high mechanical strength.



KEY BENEFITS OF PERAMIN SMF:
*Long working time
*Flowability
*Water reduction
*Consistency during setting
*Robustness
*Regularity of color
*High mechanical strength



BASIC PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF PERAMIN SMF:
*Mutual compatibility between additives
*High efficiency for all mineral binders
*Reducing the water content of the mixture without affecting workability
*At the same water content, improvement in spillage
*Viscosity reduction and associated excellent flow properties
*Very good self-leveling properties
*Higher mechanical strength



FIRST AID MEASURES of PERAMIN SMF:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PERAMIN SMF:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PERAMIN SMF:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PERAMIN SMF:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PERAMIN SMF:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PERAMIN SMF:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
No data available




PERCHLOROETHYLENE

Perchloroethylene is a chlorinated hydrocarbon and is classified as a volatile organic compound (VOC).
Perchloroethylene is a colorless, nonflammable liquid with a sweet, ether-like odor.
Perchloroethylene is commonly used as a solvent in various industrial applications, including dry cleaning and metal degreasing.
Perchloroethylene is also known by other names, such as tetrachloroethylene or perchloroethylene.

CAS Number: 127-18-4
EC Number: 204-825-9



APPLICATIONS


Perchloroethylene is widely used in the dry cleaning industry as a solvent for removing stains and dirt from textiles and fabrics.
Perchloroethylene is a popular choice for dry cleaning due to its ability to dissolve greases, oils, and other organic compounds.

Perchloroethylene is used as a degreasing agent in various industries, including automotive, metalworking, and manufacturing.
In the automotive industry, Perchloroethylene is employed to clean and degrease engine parts and components.
Perchloroethylene is a key solvent in the production of aerosol sprays, adhesives, and lubricants.

Perchloroethylene is utilized in the electronics industry for cleaning printed circuit boards and electronic components.
In the aerospace industry, it is used to degrease and clean aircraft parts and equipment.

Perchloroethylene is applied in the production of refrigeration oils and lubricants.
Perchloroethylene is used for cleaning and maintaining machinery and equipment in the manufacturing sector.

Perchloroethylene serves as a paint stripper and is used to remove paint and coatings from various surfaces.
Perchloroethylene plays a role in the production of specialty coatings and finishes, including automotive paints and coatings for metal surfaces.
Perchloroethylene is used in the extraction of certain essential oils and flavors from botanical materials.

Perchloroethylene is employed in the manufacturing of various chemicals, including pharmaceuticals and pesticides.
Perchloroethylene is utilized as a refrigerant and heat transfer fluid in some industrial cooling systems.
Perchloroethylene is a component in the production of aerosol-based cleaning products and degreasers.

Perchloroethylene is used in the preservation of animal specimens in the taxidermy industry.
Perchloroethylene plays a role in the creation of synthetic perfumes and fragrances.

In the food industry, it is applied as a solvent for certain food packaging and printing inks.
Perchloroethylene is used in the cleaning and maintenance of leather and suede products.
Perchloroethylene serves as a cleaning agent for automotive upholstery and carpeting.
Perchloroethylene is applied in the production of adhesives for various applications.
Perchloroethylene is used to clean and maintain gun parts and firearms in the firearms industry.

In the art conservation field, it is employed to clean and restore paintings and artworks.
Perchloroethylene serves as a degreasing and cleaning agent for bicycle and motorcycle chains.

Despite its diverse applications, the use of Perchloroethylene is subject to strict regulations and guidelines due to its potential health and environmental risks.
Perchloroethylene is commonly used in the printing industry as a solvent for cleaning and maintaining printing presses and equipment.
Perchloroethylene is a critical component in the production of synthetic rubber, contributing to the development of various rubber products.

In the leather industry, Perchloroethylene is applied for cleaning and degreasing animal hides and skins in preparation for tanning.
Perchloroethylene is utilized in the recycling of plastic materials, helping to remove contaminants and impurities.

Perchloroethylene plays a role in the manufacturing of specialty chemicals used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Perchloroethylene is employed in the dry cleaning of delicate and high-end fabrics, including silk, cashmere, and wool.
Perchloroethylene is used to clean and maintain precision instruments in laboratories and research facilities.
Perchloroethylene serves as a cleaning agent for optical lenses and eyewear in the optical industry.

In the automotive sector, it is applied for degreasing and cleaning transmission and brake components.
Perchloroethylene is utilized in the refurbishing and cleaning of vintage and antique furniture.
Perchloroethylene plays a part in the cleaning and maintenance of vinyl records, helping to remove dust and contaminants.
Perchloroethylene is used for cleaning and degreasing industrial equipment and machinery, including gears and bearings.

In the construction industry, it can be employed for cleaning and restoring stone and masonry surfaces.
Perchloroethylene serves as a solvent for the removal of adhesive residues and sticky substances from various surfaces.

Perchloroethylene is applied in the maintenance of firearms and weaponry in military and law enforcement applications.
Perchloroethylene plays a role in the cleaning and restoration of historical artifacts and cultural heritage items.

In the aerospace industry, Perchloroethylene is used to clean and degrease aircraft engines and components.
Perchloroethylene is employed in the semiconductor and electronics manufacturing sector for precision cleaning of components and circuit boards.
Perchloroethylene is utilized in the maintenance and cleaning of large machinery and equipment in heavy industries like mining and construction.

In the marine industry, it can be applied for the cleaning and maintenance of boat engines and equipment.
Perchloroethylene serves as a degreasing agent for bicycle chains and gears, enhancing the performance of bicycles.

Perchloroethylene can be used in the cleaning of tools and equipment in the woodworking industry.
Perchloroethylene is employed in the cleaning and maintenance of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems and components.
Perchloroethylene is a component in some stain removers for textiles and fabrics, targeting oil and grease stains.

Despite its broad range of applications, the use of Perchloroethylene is becoming increasingly regulated and restricted in various regions due to environmental and health concerns.
Alternative, more environmentally friendly solvents are being explored as replacements in many applications.

In the construction industry, Perchloroethylene is used for the removal of sealants and adhesives from construction materials and surfaces.
Perchloroethylene is applied in the cleaning of industrial filters and filtration equipment to maintain optimal filtration efficiency.
Perchloroethylene serves as a solvent for the cleaning of fire extinguishers, ensuring their functionality.

In the maintenance of aircraft landing gear components, Perchloroethylene is used to remove grease and contaminants.
Perchloroethylene plays a role in the cleaning and maintenance of electrical transformers to ensure their efficient operation.
Perchloroethylene is applied in the preservation of archaeological artifacts, helping to remove dirt and contaminants from ancient relics.
Perchloroethylene is used for the cleaning of power plant components and machinery, such as turbines and generators.

In the energy industry, Perchloroethylene is employed for the cleaning and maintenance of solar panels to maximize energy production.
Perchloroethylene serves as a cleaning agent for the removal of asphalt and tar from equipment and surfaces in road construction.
Perchloroethylene can be utilized in the cleaning and maintenance of industrial kitchen and restaurant equipment.
Perchloroethylene is applied for the cleaning of printed circuit boards and electronic components in the electronics manufacturing industry.

In laboratories and research facilities, Perchloroethylene is used to clean and degrease scientific instruments and glassware.
Perchloroethylene plays a role in the cleaning and restoration of historical documents, manuscripts, and books.
Perchloroethylene is used in the cleaning and maintenance of power transmission lines and equipment.

In the optics industry, it serves as a cleaning agent for precision lenses, optical instruments, and telescopes.
Perchloroethylene is applied in the cleaning and maintenance of railway and mass transit systems, including tracks and rolling stock.
Perchloroethylene is used for cleaning and degreasing machinery and equipment in the food processing industry.
Perchloroethylene plays a role in the cleaning and maintenance of water treatment plants and equipment.

In the petrochemical industry, Perchloroethylene is utilized for cleaning and maintaining oil refineries and pipelines.
Perchloroethylene serves as a solvent for the cleaning and restoration of artworks, sculptures, and statues.
Perchloroethylene can be applied for cleaning and degreasing heavy-duty construction and mining equipment.
Perchloroethylene is used in the cleaning and maintenance of printing presses and equipment in the publishing industry.

In the nuclear industry, PERC is employed for cleaning and maintaining nuclear reactors and associated equipment.
Perchloroethylene plays a role in the cleaning and maintenance of large-scale cooling towers used in various industrial processes.



DESCRIPTION


Perchloroethylene is a chemical compound with the chemical formula C2Cl4.
Perchloroethylene is a chlorinated hydrocarbon and is classified as a volatile organic compound (VOC).
Perchloroethylene is a colorless, nonflammable liquid with a sweet, ether-like odor.

Perchloroethylene is commonly used as a solvent in various industrial applications, including dry cleaning and metal degreasing.
Perchloroethylene is also known by other names, such as tetrachloroethylene or perchloroethylene.
Perchloroethylene should be handled with care due to its potential health and environmental hazards.

Perchloroethylene, often abbreviated as Perchloroethylene, is a chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent.
Perchloroethylene is a colorless liquid with a sweet, somewhat ether-like odor.
Perchloroethylene is highly stable and nonflammable, making it a reliable industrial solvent.
Perchloroethylene is commonly used in dry cleaning due to its excellent cleaning properties.

Perchloroethylene is also utilized as a degreasing agent for metal components and machinery parts.
Perchloroethylene is a versatile solvent, dissolving a wide range of organic materials.
Perchloroethylene is known for its ability to remove tough stains, such as grease and oil, from fabrics.

Perchloroethylene is used in the textile industry to degrease wool and other natural fibers.
Perchloroethylene has a high boiling point of around 121 degrees Celsius, allowing it to evaporate slowly during the dry cleaning process.

Despite its cleaning efficiency, it's important to handle PERC with care due to health and environmental concerns.
Perchloroethylene has been used for decades as a dry cleaning agent but is now subject to environmental regulations and restrictions.

When inhaled, Perchloroethylene vapors can cause dizziness, headache, and nausea.
Prolonged exposure to Perchloroethylene may lead to health issues, including liver and kidney damage.

In the environment, Perchloroethylene can contaminate soil and groundwater if not properly managed.
Perchloroethylene is classified as a volatile organic compound (VOC) and contributes to air pollution when released into the atmosphere.

Perchloroethylene is denser than water and may sink if accidentally spilled in aquatic environments.
Perchloroethylene is considered hazardous waste when it reaches the end of its useful life.
Various countries and regions have established regulations to limit or phase out the use of PERC in specific applications.

Alternatives to Perchloroethylene, such as hydrocarbon-based solvents and more environmentally friendly options, have gained popularity.
Despite its drawbacks, Perchloroethylene remains an effective solvent for certain industrial processes.

The chemical structure of Perchloroethylene consists of two carbon atoms and four chlorine atoms.
Perchloroethylene is a non-polar molecule, which makes it effective for dissolving non-polar substances like oils and greases.
Perchloroethylene has a moderate ozone-depleting potential and is subject to regulations aimed at reducing its environmental impact.

In dry cleaning machines, Perchloroethylene is used in a closed-loop system to minimize emissions and exposure to workers.
The use of Perchloroethylene is carefully regulated and monitored to protect human health and the environment.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C2Cl4
IUPAC Name: Tetrachloroethylene
Other Common Names: PERC, PCE, Tetrachloroethene


Physical Properties:

State: Liquid
Color: Colorless
Odor: Sweet, ether-like odor
Melting Point: -22.7°C (-8.9°F)
Boiling Point: 121.1°C (249.9°F)
Density: 1.622 g/cm³ (at 20°C)
Solubility in Water: Low solubility (1.2 g/L at 20°C)
Vapor Pressure: 14 mmHg (at 20°C)
Viscosity: 0.85 cP (at 20°C)


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Structure: Consists of two carbon (C) atoms and four chlorine (Cl) atoms.
Polarity: Nonpolar molecule
Reactivity: Highly stable and non-reactive with most chemicals.
Flammability: Nonflammable
Volatility: Classified as a volatile organic compound (VOC).



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If PERC vapors are inhaled, move the affected person to an area with fresh air immediately.
Ensure that the person is breathing and their airway is clear.
Administer artificial respiration if necessary.
Seek immediate medical attention as inhalation of Perchloroethylene vapors can lead to health issues.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and footwear.
Rinse the affected skin thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
Use a mild soap or detergent if available to assist in cleaning.
Seek medical attention if skin irritation or redness occurs or persists.


Eye Contact:

If Perchloroethylene comes into contact with the eyes, immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
Keep the affected eye open and rinse beneath the eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention to assess and treat any eye irritation or injury.


Ingestion:

If Perchloroethylene is ingested, do not induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth and provide the affected person with small sips of water to drink.
Seek immediate medical attention, and provide the medical staff with information about the ingested substance.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
When handling Perchloroethylene, wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or a face shield, and protective clothing to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use Perchloroethylene in a well-ventilated area, preferably under local exhaust ventilation (LEV) or within a fume hood to minimize inhalation of vapors.
Avoid breathing Perchloroethylene vapors.

Avoid Direct Contact:
Avoid direct skin contact and eye contact with the substance.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Perchloroethylene.

Use in a Closed System:
Where possible, use Perchloroethylene in a closed-loop system to minimize exposure and emissions.

Leak Detection:
Regularly inspect equipment and containers for leaks, and promptly repair any leaks to prevent accidental exposure.

Spills and Leaks:
If a spill occurs, use appropriate spill control measures and personal protective equipment to clean it up.
Dispose of the waste material properly according to local regulations.

No Smoking or Open Flames:
Do not allow smoking or the presence of open flames, sparks, or ignition sources near Perchloroethylene, as it is flammable under certain conditions.

Training:
Ensure that personnel handling Perchloroethylene are trained in the safe use and handling of the chemical and are aware of the associated hazards.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers and storage areas with appropriate warning signs to indicate the presence of Perchloroethylene and the associated risks.


Storage:

Cool, Dry Location:
Store Perchloroethylene in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.

Original Container:
Keep Perchloroethylene in its original container, tightly closed, and labeled correctly with all necessary information, including hazard warnings.

Incompatible Materials:
Store Perchloroethylene away from incompatible substances, such as strong acids, reducing agents, and flammable materials.
Segregate it from chemicals that may react with it.

Temperature Control:
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures and heat, as elevated temperatures can increase the vapor pressure and the risk of flammability.

Storage Quantity:
Limit the quantity of PERC stored to the amount necessary for your operations and avoid overstocking.

Shelf Life:
Follow the manufacturer's recommendations regarding the shelf life of Perchloroethylene, and use it before the expiration date, if applicable.

Security:
Ensure that the storage area is secure and inaccessible to unauthorized or untrained personnel.
Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access.

Spill Control Materials:
Have appropriate spill control materials and equipment readily available in case of accidental spills or releases.


Additional Considerations:

Always prioritize safety when handling Perchloroethylene and be aware of the potential health and environmental risks associated with this chemical.
Familiarize yourself with emergency procedures and maintain access to safety data sheets (SDS) for reference.
Inspect containers regularly for signs of damage or deterioration, and replace damaged containers as needed.
Dispose of empty containers in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.
Be proactive in seeking alternatives and safer practices to reduce the use of Perchloroethylene and minimize its potential risks to human health and the environment.



SYNONYMS


Tetrachloroethylene
Perc
PCE
Perchloroethene
Perk
Tetrachloroethene
Perchloroethylene
Ethylene tetrachloride
Carbon dichloride
Acetylene tetrachloride
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene
Perkene
Perclene
Tetra
Clorothene
Per
Tetlen
Tetlen-2
Perclene DP
Percosolve
Nema
Nema solvent
Carbona
Tetranema
Petzin
Tetracloroetileno
Ethylene tetrachloride
Perkloretylen
Percloroetilene
Tetracloroetano
Perchlorethylene
Perchlorethene
Tetrachlorethylene
Perklone
Nema
PCEC
Tetracap
Tetracloreten
Tetraclorethene
Tetraclorethylene
Tetra
Tetracloroethylene
Tetracloroetilene
Tetracloroetileno
Tetracloroethene
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethene
Tetrachloroethylenum
Carbon dichloride
Acetylene tetrachloride
PERCHLOROETHYLENE
Perchloroethylene is an organic chemical introduced in the environment by human activity.
Specifically, Perchloroethylene is a widely used solvent, especially in dry cleaning activities.
Perchloroethylene is also used as a degreaser and in some consumer products (e.g., shoe polish, typewriter correction fluid).

CAS Number: 127-18-4
EC Number: 204-825-9
Molecular Weight: 165,82 g/mol
Chemical Formula: C2Cl4

Perchloroethylene, also known as perc, is a colorless, nonflammable liquid solvent with a sweet, ether-like odor.
Perchloroethylene is primarily used in industrial settings and for dry cleaning fabrics and degreasing metals.

Perchloroethylene, also known under the systematic name tetrachloroethene, or perchloroethylene, and abbreviations such as "perc" (or "PERC"), and "PCE", is a chlorocarbon with the formula Cl2C=CCl2.
Perchloroethylene is a colorless liquid widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics, hence Perchloroethylene is sometimes called "dry-cleaning fluid".

Perchloroethylene also uses as an effective automotive brake cleaner.
Perchloroethylene has a sweet odor, similar to the smell of chloroform, detectable by most people at a concentration of 1 part per million (1 ppm).
Worldwide production was about 1 million metric tons (980,000 long tons; 1,100,000 short tons) in 1985.

Perchloroethylene is a man-made chemical that can be a liquid or a gas.
At room temperature, perchloroethylene is a colorless liquid.

Perchloroethylene (PERC) is a man-made, non-flammable, colorless chemical that easily evaporates into the air.
Perchloroethylene is often used in dry cleaning, but is also used in manufacturing and in auto repair shops.

If you live above or next to a dry cleaner, you may be exposed to Perchloroethylene.
There are no readily available medical tests to find out if you have been exposed to PERC.
The best way to check is to measure the air in your home for PERC.

Perchloroethylene is a very versatile, volatile, very stable and non-flammable solvent for organic materials, which is used in various industries, especially in dry cleaning.
Perchloroethylene is also used in the automotive and metallurgical industries as an excellent degreaser, as well as in the production of stain removers, degreasers and paint strippers.

Perchloroethylene is also used as a multipurpose solvent because Perchloroethylene is more inert and stable than many other chlorinated solvents.
Perchloroethylene is safer than petroleum solvents because Perchloroethylene has no flash point.

Perchloroethylene is a clear, colorless liquid at room temperature.
Perchloroethylene is volatile, has a sweet odor, and is completely miscible with most organic liquids.

Perchloroethylene is a versatile, chlorinated solvent used in many industries and extensively by dry cleaning facilities.
Perchloroethylene is a non-flammable, multipurpose solvent that is relatively inert and inherently more stable than other chlorinated solvents.

Perchloroethylene has no flash or fire point, lending Perchloroethylene important safety strengths over petroleum distillates.
As a result, combined with Perchloroethylene other desirable chemical and physical properties, perchloroethylene offers many advantages over other solvents.

Perchloroethylene is a colorless, volatile, nonflammable, liquid, chlorinated hydrocarbon with an ether-like odor that may emit toxic fumes of phosgene when exposed to sunlight or flames.
Perchloroethylene is mainly used as a cleaning solvent in dry cleaning and textile processing and in the manufacture of fluorocarbons.

Exposure to Perchloroethylene irritates the upper respiratory tract and eyes and causes neurological effects as well as kidney and liver damage.
Perchloroethylene is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen and may be linked to an increased risk of developing skin, colon, lung, esophageal, and urogenital tract cancer as well as lymphosarcoma and leukemia.

Perchloroethylene is a chlorocarbon with the formula Cl2C=CCl2.
Perchloroethylene is a colorless liquid widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics, hence Perchloroethylene is sometimes called 'dry-cleaning fluid.

Perchloroethylene has a sweet odor detectable by most people at a concentration of 1 part per million (1 ppm).
Worldwide production was about one million metric tons in 1985.

Animal studies and a study of 99 twins by Dr. Samuel Goldman and researchers at the Parkinson's Institute in Sunnyvale, California determined there is a 'lot of circumstantial evidence that exposure to tetrachloroethene increases the risk of developing Parkinson's disease ninefold.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified tetrachloroethene as a Group 2A carcinogen, which means that Perchloroethylene is probably carcinogenic to humans.
Like many chlorinated hydrocarbons, tetrachloroethene is a central nervous system depressant and can enter the body through respiratory or dermal exposure.

Tetrachloroethene dissolves fats from the skin, potentially resulting in skin irritation.
This reaction can be catalyzed by a mixture of potassium chloride and aluminium chloride or by activated carbon.

Perchloroethylene is a manufactured chemical that is widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics and for metal-degreasing.
Perchloroethylene is also used to make other chemicals and is used in some consumer products.

Perchloroethylene is a solvent commonly used in dry cleaning operations to help dissolve greases, oils and waxes without damaging the fabric.
Perchloroethylene has been used as an ingredient in a range of common products such as water repellants, paint removers, printing inks, glues, sealants, polishes and lubricants because of Perchloroethylene durability and ability to adhere to plastics, metal, rubber and leather.

The low levels of perchloroethylene that most people are exposed to are not reported to cause symptoms, according.
People who wear dry cleaned clothing may be exposed to Perchloroethylene levels that are slightly higher than what is normally found in air, but these amounts are also not expected to be hazardous to the average person’s health.

People who live or work near dry cleaning facilities may be exposed to higher levels of perchloroethylene than the general population.
To help limit any potential health risks, the EPA ruled that dry cleaners located in residential buildings had to phase out dry cleaning machines that use Perchloroethylene by December 21, 2020.

Perchloroethylene is a colorless, nonflammable liquid solvent with a sweet, ether-like odor.
Perchloroethylene is primarly used as a chemical intermediate in Perchloroethylene of several fluroinated compounds and is also utilized in end uses which include industrial and commercial cleaning, automotive aerosols, wool scouring and paper coatings.

Perchloroethylene is an organic chemical introduced in the environment by human activity.
Specifically, Perchloroethylene is a widely used solvent, especially in dry cleaning activities.

Perchloroethylene is also used as a degreaser and in some consumer products (e.g., shoe polish, typewriter correction fluid).
Although not theoretically impossible, there is no evidence that Perchloroethylene forms or occurs naturally in the environment.
Thus, Perchloroethylene detection in an environmental sample (e.g., groundwater, surface water, soil, indoor, or ambient air) is associated with Perchloroethylene spills or accidental release.

Perchloroethylene is toxic to humans at very low concentrations.
The Environmental Protection Agency has established a Maximum Contaminant Level for Perchloroethylene in water of 5 parts per billion (or micrograms per Liter).

At this low amount, practically Perchloroethylene cannot be perceived by smell or taste.
For example, people may smell Perchloroethylene in air at concentrations above 1 ppm (parts per million).

Perchloroethylene is a halogenated organic compound composed of 2 atoms of carbon and 4 atoms of chlorine (two chlorine atoms linked to each carbon).
The two carbons are linked with each other by a double chemical bond.
Thus, Perchloroethylene does not contain any hydrogen atoms.

Perchloroethylene is a colorless liquid with a sweetish smell which is not flammable under normal temperature and pressure.
Perchloroethylene is part of a class of chemicals also known as halogenated volatile organic compounds (HVOCs).
This means that Perchloroethylene evaporates (goes from liquid into gaseous form when in contact with air).

Perchloroethylene is also part of a class of chemicals referred to as “chlorinated solvents”.
Due to the presence of one or more chlorine atoms in their structure chlorinated solvents are heavier than water.
Chlorinated solvents are also referred to as Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPLs).

Perchloroethylene is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.
Perchloroethylene is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Perchloroethylene is a clear, colorless liquid with a distinctive ether-like odor.
Perchloroethylene is nonflammable, non-explosive, and extremely stable.

Perchloroethylene is decomposed by light and metals when in the presence of moisture, open flame, electric arc, ultraviolet radiation or hot metallic surfaces.
Decomposition products include hydrochloric acid, carbon monoxide, and phosgene gas (a suffocating and highly poisonous, colorless gas or volatile liquid with an odor of new mowed hay or green corn).

Perchloroethylene is a strong oxidizer and very corrosive to metals such as lithium, beryllium, and barium.
Perchloroethylene is also chemically reactive with alkaline (basic) solutions such as caustic soda, sodium hydroxide, and potash.

Perchloroethylene is miscible with ethanol, alcohol, ethyl ether, chloroform, and benzene.
Additionally, like many other organic solvents, perchloroethylene is volatile and slightly soluble in water (0.02%).

Commercially, perchloroethylene is used as a dry cleaning agent, vapor-degreasing solvent, print type cleaner, heat transfer medium, chemical synthesis agent, and rug and upholstery cleaner.
Perchloroethylene is also used as a drying agent for rubber, waxes, tar, paraffin, gums, fat, and acetyl cellulose.

Perchloroethylene is a colorless, nonflammable liquid with a sweet, ether-like odor.
Perchloroethylene is a chlorinated solvent with a chemical formula of C2Cl4, and is widely used in various industries.

Perchloroethylene has many applications, the most significant being as a dry cleaning solvent.
Perchloroethylene is also used as a solvent for metal degreasing, in the production of fluorocarbons, and in the manufacture of vinyl chloride monomer, which is used to produce PVC plastic.

One of the primary uses of Perchloroethylene is in the dry cleaning industry.
Perchloroethylene is highly effective at removing dirt, grease, and stains from clothing and fabrics without damaging Perchloroethylene.

Perchloroethylene is also used in the textile industry to scour and bleach cotton and wool fibers.
In the metalworking industry, Perchloroethylene is used as a solvent for degreasing and cleaning metal parts before painting, welding, or electroplating.
Perchloroethylene is highly effective at removing oils, greases, and other contaminants from metal surfaces.

Perchloroethylene is also used in the production of fluorocarbons, which are used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems, as well as in the manufacture of aerosol sprays and foam insulation.
Perchloroethylene is a critical component in the production of vinyl chloride monomer, which is used to manufacture PVC plastic.
PVC is used in many applications, including pipes, flooring, roofing, and packaging materials.

Perchloroethylene (also known as tetrachloroethene) is a chlorocarbon with the molecular formula of C2Cl4.
Perchloroethylene is a colourless liquid with a sweet odour that is most commonly used as a dry cleaning product of fabrics.

Perchloroethylene is a non-flammable liquid, having no measurable flashpoint or flammable limits in air.
Perchloroethylene is miscible with most organic solvents but only slightly miscible in water.

Perchloroethylene was first synthesized by Michael faraday in 1821.
He discovered that at a high temperature chlorinolysis of hydrocarbons, he could produce perchloroethylene because the hydrocarbon thermally decomposes and causes an array of side products.

Since his discovery, a few other methods have been created.
On such method that is commonly used is when 1.2.-dichloroetane is heated above 400°C with chlorine and a catalyst.
The by-products then go through a distillation process to produce perchloroethylene.

Perchloroethylene is the predominant solvent used in the dry cleaning industry because Perchloroethylene is non-flammable, stable but highly volatile.
Perchloroethylene is safe to use on most textiles, fibres and dyes without causing damage to the garment.

Perchloroethylene is highly effective at removing oils, greases and fats from textiles due Perchloroethylene high boiling point and volatile nature.
A wide array of industries use perchloroethylene because Perchloroethylene is excellent at degreasing metal parts during the production of products.

Perchloroethylene can also be used in extracting fats, dissolving rubber, paint removal, water repellent, brake cleaning and a carrier solvent.
Perchloroethylene was also historically used as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) 134a.

Perchloroethylene is a solvent, which is sometimes simply called "perchlo".
Perchloroethylene was first synthesised in 1821 by Michael Faraday, by heating hexachloroethane until Perchloroethylene decomposed into perchloroethylene and dichlorine (Cl₂).
This Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) is mainly used for dry cleaning fabrics and for degreasing metals.

Perchloroethylene is on the IARC's list of group 2A carcinogens and may cause neurological, kidney and hepatic disorders.
Perchloroethylene is a colourless liquid with a characteristic odour.

Perchloroethylene (Cl₂C=CCl₂) is a colorless liquid with a mild, chloroform-like odor.
Exposure to Perchloroethylene may cause irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat, and respiratory system.

Perchloroethylene may also cause liver damage and is a potential occupational carcinogen.
Workers may be harmed from exposure to Perchloroethylene.
The level of exposure depends upon the dose, duration, and work being done.

Perchloroethylene is used in many industries.
Perchloroethylene’s used to dry clean fabrics, manufacture other chemicals, and degreasing metal parts.

Some examples of workers at risk of being exposed to Perchloroethylene include the following:
Workers in dry cleaning industries
Workers who use Perchloroethylene to degrease metals
Workers in industries who use Perchloroethylene to make other chemicals

Uses of Perchloroethylene:
Perchloroethylene is primary dry cleaning solvent being used today.
Perchloroethylene is used in dry cleaning, metal degreasing, as a chemical intermediate, and in typewriter correction fluids.

Dry cleaning operators who transferred wet garments to a dryer had mean levels of 150 ppm.
Other job tasks with substantial exposure were degreasing (95 ppm), cleaning mining equipment, testing coal, cleaning animal coats (taxidermy), and cleaning/duplicating film.

Perchloroethylene is used in dry cleaning; textile processing; degreasing metals; solvent; chemical intermediate in production of fluorocarbons.
Perchloroethylene is used insulating fluid and cooling gas in electric transformers

The major use for Perchloroethylene is as a chemical intermediate for fluorocarbons, such as HFC-134a and HFC-125.
Another important application is the use as a solvent for dry cleaning.

Other uses are textile finishing and dyeing and extraction processes.
In smaller quantities, Perchloroethylene is used to formulate various types of adhesives, sealants, and coatings.

Perchloroethylene is used for dry cleaning of fabrics and for metal-degreasing.
Perchloroethylene is also used to make other chemicals and is used in some consumer products, such as paint strippers and spot removers.

Perchloroethylene is an excellent solvent for organic materials.
Perchloroethylene is volatile, highly stable, and nonflammable.

For these chemical properties, Perchloroethylene is widely used in dry cleaning.
Perchloroethylene is also used to degrease metal parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries (e.g., cleaning tires, brakes, engines, carburetors and wire, and as an antiseizing agent).
Perchloroethylene appears in a few consumer products, including paint strippers and spot removers.

Perchloroethylene was first produced in the United States as a by-product of carbon tetrachloride manufacture in the early 1900s.
The first widespread use of Perchloroethylene was in the dry cleaning industry in the late 1930s.

Production of Perchloroethylene increased during the 1950s.
Throughout the 1950s, about 80% of Perchloroethylene was used for dry cleaning and 15% for metal cleaning and degreasing.
In the 1960s, the dry cleaning industry accounted for about 90% of Perchloroethylene consumption as large dry cleaning plants began favoring Perchloroethylene over flammable petroleum solvents.

After peaking in the 1970s, production and use of Perchloroethylene decreased, probably as a result of Perchloroethylene classification as a hazardous waste by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Additionally, the phase-out of ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons led to a decline of Perchloroethylene use as a chemical intermediate for production of those agents.

In the 1990s, use of Perchloroethylene as a chemical precursor for fluorocarbon refrigerants such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, more commonly known as hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) 134a, increased, as did demand for Perchloroethylene as a metal degreasing agent.
Although the quantity of Perchloroethylene used in dry cleaning facilities declined throughout the 1990s, Perchloroethylene has remained the predominant solvent used by dry cleaners.

Perchloroethylene is used for dry cleaning and textile processing, as a chemical intermediate, and for vapor degreasing in metal-cleaning operations.

Perchloroethylene is an excellent solvent for organic materials.
Otherwise Perchloroethylene is volatile, highly stable and nonflammable, and has low toxicity.
For these reasons, Perchloroethylene is widely used in dry cleaning.

Perchloroethylene is also used to degrease metal parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries, usually as a mixture with other chlorocarbons.
Perchloroethylene appears in a few consumer products including paint strippers, aerosol preparations and spot removers.

Perchloroethylene is a solvent commonly used in dry cleaning operations.
When applied to a material or fabric, Perchloroethylene helps dissolve greases, oils and waxes without damaging the fabric.

In metal manufacturing, solvents containing perchloroethylene clean and degrease new metal to help prevent impurities from weakening the metal.
Due to Perchloroethylene durability and ability to adhere to plastics, metal, rubber and leather, perchloroethylene has been used as an ingredient in a range of common products such as water repellants, paint removers, printing inks, glues, sealants, polishes and lubricants.

Perchloroethylene offers many physical and chemical properties that make Perchloroethylene the right chlorinated solvent for many applications.
Perchloroethylene is relatively inert and inherently more stable than other chlorinated solvents.

Perchloroethylene is stabilized to prevent solvent degradation or decomposition, and corrosion of metal parts and equipment.
Stabilizers are designed to be recoverable even after repeated cleaning cycles and from carbon adsorbers.

Perchloroethylene’s high solvency and high vapor density make Perchloroethylene ideal for a variety of end uses, and as a result, perchloroethylene has become the largest volume dry cleaning solvent and the choice for vapor degreasing.
With all downstream applications, appropriate registrations and/or approvals may be required.

Possible uses are described below:

Dry cleaning:
Perchloroethylene is the preferred solvent because, in addition to Perchloroethylene non-flammability, Perchloroethylene provides a fast, powerful, yet gentle cleaning action with a minimum of mechanical agitation.
The result is a cleaner product with less fabric wear.
Perchloroethylene is ideal for all natural and syntheticbfibers.

Dry cleaning uses non-aqueous solvents to clean fabrics.
The first dry cleaning operations in the United States (US) date back to the 1800s when people washed fabrics in open tubs with solvents such as gasoline, kerosene, benzene, turpentine, and petroleum and then hung to dry.

In the 1900s, the US started using specialized machines for the dry cleaning process.
However, the use of highly flammable petroleum solvents caused many fires and explosions, highlighting the need to find a safer alternative.

The dry cleaning industry first introduced Stoddard solvent (less flammable than gasoline) followed by several nonflammable halogenated solvents, such as carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene (TCE), trichlorotrifluoroethane, and perchloroethylene (PERC).
Beginning in the 1940s, Perchloroethylene the most frequently used dry cleaning solvent and continues to be the primary solvent used to dry clean fabrics both in the US and the European Union (EU).

To comply with environmental regulations, dry cleaning machines have evolved through several “generations” to minimize Perchloroethylene release.
The 1st generation machines were “transfer machines,” where cleaned fabrics were manually transferred from the washer to a dryer.

Since then, various pollution prevention controls have been implemented through the subsequent generations, culminating in the latest 5th generation machines, which are closed-loop and equipped with refrigerated condensers, carbon absorbers, inductive fans, and sensor-actuated lockout devices.
As the newer generations of machines were introduced, the amount of Perchloroethylene used was reduced from 300 to 500 g-PERC/kilogram of fabrics (1st generation) to
In many EU countries, dry cleaning machines older than 15 years are typically prohibited—only 5th generation machines are allowed.
However, 4th generation machines may be used if best practices (e.g., good housekeeping, optimal machine operation, and recycling) are implemented and they meet EU emission requirements.
The US EPA's National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS) regulations stipulate that 2nd generation machines must be upgraded to 4th generation, and 3rd generation machines must be retrofitted or upgraded to 4th generation machines; only 4th generation and later machines can be sold, leased, or installed.

As of 2017 in the US, there are ~20,600 dry cleaning shops and the industry employs nearly 160,000 workers, with ~80% identifying as a racial or ethnic minority.
The majority of owners are of Korean ancestry.

Nationwide, 60–65% of dry cleaners use Perchloroethylene as their primary solvent and most of the remainder use a high-flashpoint hydrocarbon.
Other solvents currently used in the US include butylal, siloxane, liquid carbon dioxide, glycol ethers, and water (professional wet cleaning).
In Europe, 60–90% of dry cleaning shops use PERC, depending on the country.

Faster cycles:
The cleaning cycle and drying times are fast with perchloroethylene and, because of Perchloroethylene high solvency, fewer stains are left for the spotter.
Because Perchloroethylene is recoverable, Perchloroethylene has a long service life.

Customizable:
Perchloroethylene works with any dry-cleaning detergent, so the dry cleaner can add detergent or soap to make a customized charged system.

Vapor Degreasing:
Many industries, including aerospace, automotive, and household appliance production, use perchloroethylene in vapor degreasing for metal parts.
Perchloroethylene is ideal for situations that require a high boiling point (above that of water).
Many soils, such as waxes and resins, must be melted in order to be solubilized, making perchloroethylene a preferred solvent.

High boiling point:
The high boiling point of perchloroethylene enables Perchloroethylene to condense more vapor on the metal than other chlorinated solvents, thus washing the parts more effectively.
Perchloroethylene cleans longer and removes higher melt-point pitches and waxes more easily.

Perchloroethylene is effective with lightweight and light gauge parts that warm up to the temperature of a lower boiling point solvent before cleaning is complete.
Perchloroethylene is particularly useful in fine orifices and spot-welded seams.

Azeotropic with water:
Perchloroethylene forms an azeotrope with water.
As a result, perchloroethylene allows a vapor degreaser to function as a drying device for metal parts and to remove water films from metals without degradation of the solvent.

Chemical Processing:
Perchloroethylene serves as a carrier solvent for fabric finishes, rubber, and silicones.
Perchloroethylene also is used as an extractant solvent in paint removers and printing inks.

Perchloroethylene serves as a chemical intermediate in many applications.
As with all applications, when using perchloroethylene to decrease the flammability of a mixture, Perchloroethylene is important to determine the flash point of the final product as Perchloroethylene is to be used prior to selling, since an insufficient quantity of perchloroethylene will not raise the flash point of the mixture.

Catalyst Regeneration:
Perchloroethylene is used in the petroleum refinery industry as a source of hydrochloric acid, a promoter, which helps in the regeneration of catalyst in both catalytic reformer and isomerization operations.
Product sold into this operation must be a purer, less stabilized grade than most to preclude the poisoning of the platinum catalyst.

Fluorocarbon:
Perchloroethylene is used in the manufacture of refrigerants, refrigerant blends, and other fluorinated compounds.

Widespread uses by professional workers:
Perchloroethylene is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and pH regulators and water treatment products.
Perchloroethylene is used in the following areas: building & construction work, health services and scientific research and development.

Release to the environment of Perchloroethylene can occur from industrial use: of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Other release to the environment of Perchloroethylene is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use as processing aid and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).

Uses at industrial sites:
Perchloroethylene is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
Perchloroethylene is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.

Perchloroethylene is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Perchloroethylene can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Industry Uses:
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Cleaning agent
Intermediate
Intermediates
Laboratory chemicals
Processing aids not otherwise specified
Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
Refrigerants
Solvent
Solvents (for cleaning or degreasing)
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)

Consumer Uses:
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Cleaning agent
Solvent
Solvents (for cleaning or degreasing)
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)

Other Uses:
Perchloroethylene is used to dry clean clothes.
Perchloroethylene is used to degrease and clean metal parts.

Perchloroethylene is used as a finishing product for textiles.
Perchloroethylene is used to extract oils and fats.
Perchloroethylene is used ts an intermediate in synthesis.

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Metal Degreasing
Working with Glues and Adhesives
Dry Cleaning
Mining

Activities with risk of exposure:
Preparing and mounting animal skins (taxidermy)

Applications of Perchloroethylene:
Perchloroethylene is an excellent solvent for organic materials.
Otherwise Perchloroethylene is volatile, highly stable, and nonflammable.

For these reasons, Perchloroethylene is widely used in dry cleaning.
Perchloroethylene is also used to degrease metal parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries, usually as a mixture with other chlorocarbons.

Perchloroethylene appears in a few consumer products including paint strippers and spot removers.
Perchloroethylene is used in neutrino detectors where a neutrino interacts with a neutron in the chlorine atom and converts Perchloroethylene to a proton to form argon.

Perchloroethylene is mostly used in dry cleaning business.
Perchloroethylene is a very good solvent and stain remover.
Perchloroethylene also has very low toxicity.

Perchloroethylene is also used to clean oils in automotive and many other metal-related industries.
Certain dye removers and stain removers contain perchloroethylene.
Perchloroethylene had been used in coolant and medicine productions but Perchloroethylene is not preferred now.

Historical Applications:
Perchloroethylene was once extensively used as an intermediate in the manufacture of HFC-134a and related refrigerants.
In the early 20th century, tetrachloroethene was used for the treatment of hookworm infestation.

Features of Perchloroethylene:
Perchloroethylene bears the formula C2Cl4, Perchloroethylene is volatile, nonflammable and resembles the odor of ether.
Perchloroethylene uses are mostly related to cleaning and removal of oil,grease and tough stains.

Perchloroethylene and dry cleaning go hand in hand as Perchloroethylene use is dominant in this sector.
Other uses are as an insulation fluid in electrical transformers, as cooling gas components and cleaner for automotive parts.

Properties of Perchloroethylene:
Perchloroethylene is a colorless, strong scented solvent that is mainly used in dry cleaning business.
Even in 1 ppm, Perchloroethylene odor is distinguishable by humans.
Perchloroethylene is a very good solvent and has very low toxicity.

Perchloroethylene is a nonflammable colorless liquid with a sharp sweet odor; the odor threshold is 1 ppm.
The chemical formula for Perchloroethylene is C2Cl4, and the molecular weight is 165.83 g/mol.
The vapor pressure for Perchloroethylene is 18.47 mm Hg at 25 °C, and Perchloroethylene has a log octanol/waterpartition coefficient (log Kow) of 3.40.

Perchloroethylene, as mentioned above, is neither flammable nor does Perchloroethylene have a measurable flash point, which indicates that at room temperature Perchloroethylene has a lower evaporation rate than other solvents.
In addition, Perchloroethylene does not affect the ozone layer, which is why the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has approved Perchloroethylene use as a replacement for ozone-depleting solvents.

Perchloroethylene is a colourless, volatile liquid, heavier than water and practically insoluble in water.
Perchloroethylene has an odor similar to ether or chloroform and is sensitive to light and UV radiation, so Perchloroethylene decomposes when Perchloroethylene remains under direct exposure for prolonged periods.
Perchloroethylene can be mixed with a wide variety of organic solvents such as ether, ethyl alcohol, benzene, chloroform and others.

Perchloroethylene has the ability to dissolve fats, oils and resins.
The vapour Perchloroethylene produces is not visible and is heavier than air, so Perchloroethylene spreads at ground level.

Perchloroethylene cold oxidation process is quite slow and Perchloroethylene does not corrode ordinary metals, in fact, Perchloroethylene has the ability to remove grease from metals such as aluminium and magnesium.
However, Perchloroethylene cannot be used on metals such as zinc, lithium, barium and beryllium, which in Perchloroethylene liquid form attacks some varieties of plastics and rubbers.

Manufacturing Methods of Perchloroethylene:
The production of Perchloroethylene is possible by high temperature chlorination of chlorinated lower molecular mass hydrocarbons.

For industrial purposes, three processes are important:
1. Production from acetylene via trichloroethylene.
2. Production from ethylene or 1,2-dichloroethane through oxychlorination.
3. Production from C1-C3 hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons through high temperature chlorination.

Prepared primarily by two processes:
The Huels method whereby direct chlorination of ethylene yields 70% perchloroethylene, 20% carbon tetrachloride, and 10% other chlorinated products;
Hydrocarbons such as methane, ethane, or propane are simultaneously chlorinated and pyrolyzed to yield over 95% perchloroethylene plus carbon tetrachloride and hydrochloric acid.

Perchloroethylene is produced mainly by oxyhydrochlorination, perchlorination, and/or dehydrochlorination of hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons such as 1,2 dichloroethane, propylene, propylene dichloride, 1,1,2-tri-chloroethane, and acetylene.

General Manufacturing Information of Perchloroethylene:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Adhesive Manufacturing
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
Industrial Gas Manufacturing
Machinery Manufacturing
Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing
Petrochemical Manufacturing
Petroleum Refineries
Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing
Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
Wholesale and Retail Trade

Production of Perchloroethylene:
Perchloroethylene is industrially produced by chlorolysis of mostly light hydrocarbons in high temperatures.
Many byproducts are also produced in this process.
These items are disintigrated by distillation.

Ethylene chlorine is also produced by catalyzation of potassium chlorine, ammonium chlorine or active carbone and chlorine in 400 °C.
Bypoducts are distillated, similar to above mentioned method.

History and Production:
French chemist Henri Victor Regnault first synthesized Perchloroethylene in 1839 by thermal decomposition of hexachloroethane following Michael Faraday's 1820 synthesis of protochloride of carbon (carbon tetrachloride).
C2Cl6 → C2Cl4 + Cl2

Faraday was previously falsely credited for the synthesis of Perchloroethylene, which in reality, was carbon tetrachloride.
While trying to make Faraday's "protochloride of carbon", Regnault found that his compound was different from Faraday's.

Victor Regnault stated "according to Faraday, the chloride of carbon boiled around 70 °C (158 °F) to 77 °C (171 °F) degrees Celsius but mine did not begin to boil until 120 °C (248 °F) degrees Celsius".
Perchloroethylene can be made by passing chloroform vapour through a red-hot tube, the side products include hexachlorobenzene and hexachloroethane, as reported in 1886.

Most Perchloroethylene is produced by high temperature chlorinolysis of light hydrocarbons.
The method is related to Faraday's discovery since hexachloroethane is generated and thermally decomposes.

Side products include carbon tetrachloride, hydrogen chloride, and hexachlorobutadiene.
Several other methods have been developed.

When 1,2-dichloroethane is heated to 400 °C with chlorine, Perchloroethylene is produced by the chemical reaction:
ClCH2CH2Cl + 3 Cl2 → Cl2C=CCl2 + 4 HCl

This reaction can be catalyzed by a mixture of potassium chloride and aluminium chloride or by activated carbon.
Trichloroethylene is a major byproduct, which is separated by distillation.

Remediation and degradation of Perchloroethylene:
In principle, Perchloroethylene contamination can be remediated by chemical treatment.
Chemical treatment involves reducing metals such as iron powder.

In addition to bioremediation, Perchloroethylene hydrolyzes on contact with soil.

Bioremediation usually entails reductive dechlorination usually under anaerobic conditions.
Dehalococcoides sp. under aerobic conditions by cometabolism by Pseudomonas sp.
Products of biodegradation products include trichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride; full degradation converts Perchloroethylene into ethylene and chloride.

Human Metabolite Information of Perchloroethylene:

Cellular Locations:
Membrane

Handling and Storage of Perchloroethylene:

Nonfire Spill Response:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
Stop leak if you can do Perchloroethylene without risk.

SMALL LIQUID SPILL:
Pick up with sand, earth or other non-combustible absorbent material.

LARGE SPILL:
Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Safe Storage:
Separated from metals, ignition sources and food and feedstuffs.
Keep in a well-ventilated room.

Storage Conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.

Store in a secure poison location.
Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on Perchloroethylene proper handling and storage.
A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045.

Perchloroethylene must be stored to avoid contact with strong oxidizers, such as chlorine, bromine, and chlorine dioxide; chemically active metals, such as barium, lithium, and beryllium; and nitric acid, since violent reactions occur.
Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat.

Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated location.
Separate from active metals.
Isolate from open flames and combustibles.

Perchloroethylene is stored in mild steel tanks equipped with breathing vents & chemical driers.
Perchloroethylene can be transferred through seamless black iron pipes, with gasketing materials of compressed asbestos, asbestos reinforced with metal, or asbestos impregnated with Teflon or Viton, employing centrifugal or positive displacement pumps of cast iron or steel construction.
Small quantities may be stored safely in green or amber glass containers.

Storage site should be as close as practicable to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for expt need to be carried.
Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties) that bears appropriate label.

An inventory should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date Perchloroethylene was acquired.
Facilities for dispensing should be contiguous to storage area.

Health and Safety of Perchloroethylene:
The acute toxicity of Perchloroethylene is moderate to low.
Reports of human injury are uncommon despite Perchloroethylene wide usage in dry cleaning and degreasing.

Despite the advantages of Perchloroethylene, many have called for Perchloroethylene replacement from widespread commercial use.
Perchloroethylene has been described as a possible "neurotoxicant, liver and kidney toxicant, and reproductive and developmental toxicant a 'potential occupational carcinogen'"

Testing for exposure:
Perchloroethylene exposure can be evaluated by a breath test, analogous to breath-alcohol measurements.
Also, for acute exposures, Perchloroethylene in expired air can be measured.

Perchloroethylene can be detected in the breath for weeks following a heavy exposure.
Perchloroethylene and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), a breakdown product of Perchloroethylene, can be detected in the blood.

In Europe, the Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits (SCOEL) recommends for Perchloroethylene an occupational exposure limit (8 hour time-weighted average) of 20 ppm and a short-term exposure limit (15 min) of 40 ppm.

Perchloroethylene is present in very tiny amounts in the environment as a result of industrial releases.
Dry cleaned clothes may release small amounts of Perchloroethylene into the air, according to the U.S. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR).

The low levels of perchloroethylene that most people are exposed to in air, water and food are not reported to cause symptoms, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS).
People who wear dry cleaned clothing may be exposed to Perchloroethylene levels that are slightly higher than what is normally found in air, but these amounts are also not expected to be hazardous to the average person’s health.

People who live or work near dry cleaning facilities may be exposed to higher levels of perchloroethylene than the general population.
To help limit any potential health risks, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has ruled that dry cleaners located in residential buildings must phase out dry cleaning machines that use Perchloroethylene by December 21, 2020.

The highest exposures to perchloroethylene tend to occur in the workplace, especially among dry cleaning workers or workers at metal degreasing facilities.
Exposure to these higher levels of Perchloroethylene can lead to irritation of the eyes, skin, nose, throat and/or respiratory system.

Short-term exposure to high levels of Perchloroethylene can affect the central nervous system and may lead to unconsciousness or death, according to NIH.
To help protect these workers, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recommends special safety precautions, such as a recommended schedule of maintenance activities and performing daily checks for Perchloroethylene leaks from dry cleaning machines.

First Aid Measures of Perchloroethylene:

EYES:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.
Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.

Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.
Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.

IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.

Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.
Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and, in addition, have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems.
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.

IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.

DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
Transport the victim IMMEDIATELY to a hospital.

OTHER:
Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.
Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, Perchloroethylene, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure.

Fire Fighting of Perchloroethylene:

SMALL FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray.
If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.
Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Fire Fighting Procedures:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

If material involved in fire:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty).

If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters.
Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies.

From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers.
If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors, or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position.
The only respirators recommended for firefighting are self-contained breathing apparatuses that have full face-pieces and are operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.

Approach from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition products.
Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.

Use flooding quantities of water as fog or spray.
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for surrounding fire.

Identifiers of Perchloroethylene:
CAS Number: 127-18-4
Beilstein Reference: 1304635
ChEBI: CHEBI:17300
ChEMBL: ChEMBL114062
ChemSpider: 13837281
ECHA InfoCard: 100.004.388
EC Number: 204-825-9
Gmelin Reference: 101142
KEGG: C06789
PubChem CID: 31373
RTECS number: KX3850000
UNII: TJ904HH8SN
UN number: 1897
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID2021319
InChI: InChI=1S/C2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6
Key: CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6
Key: CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYAO
SMILES: ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl

Cas No: 127-18-4
EINESC No: 204-825-9
Molecular weight: 165,82 g/mol
Chemical Formula: C2Cl4

EC / List no.: 204-825-9
CAS no.: 127-18-4
Mol. formula: C2Cl4

Synonyms: PCE, Perchloroethylene, Tetrachloroethylene
Linear Formula: CCl2=CCl2
CAS Number: 127-18-4
Molecular Weight: 165.83

Typical Properties of Perchloroethylene:
Chemical formula: C2Cl4
Molar mass: 165.82 g/mol
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Strong and sweetish, chloroform-like
Density: 1.622 g/cm3
Melting point: −19 °C (−2 °F; 254 K)
Boiling point: 121.1 °C (250.0 °F; 394.2 K)
Solubility in water: 0.15 g/L (25 °C)
Vapor pressure: 14 mmHg (20 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −81.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Viscosity: 0.89 cP at 25 °C

General Properties: luminous colorless liquid
Odor: chloric, disturbing
Intensity: 1.622 g/cm g/cm3
Boiling point: 121,1 °C
Melting point: −19 °C
Flash point:
Vapor pressure: 14 mmHg (20 °C)
Refraction index: 1,5055 nD
Solubility: 0.15 g/L (25 °C),

Molecular Weight: 165.8
XLogP3: 3.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 165.872461
Monoisotopic Mass: 163.875411
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Complexity: 55.6
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Related compounds of Perchloroethylene:
Trichloroethylene
Dichloroethene
Tetrachloroethane

Related organohalides:
Tetrafluoroethylene
Tetrabromoethylene
Tetraiodoethylene

Names of Perchloroethylene:

Regulatory process names:
Tetrachloroethylene
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
Tetrachloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene

Translated names:
Perchlorethylen (de)
perchloroetylen (pl)
percloroetilene (it)
perkloretylen (no)
tetrachloorethyleen (nl)
tetrachlorethen (cs)
tetrachlorethylen (da)
Tetrachlorethylen (de)
tetrachloretilenas (lt)
tetrachloroeten (pl)
tetrachloroetylen (pl)
tetrachlóretén (sk)
tetracloretilena (ro)
tetracloroetilene (it)
tetracloroetileno (es)
tetracloroetileno (pt)
tetrahloretilēns (lv)
tetrakloorietyleeni (fi)
tetrakloreten (no)
tetrakloreten (sv)
tetrakloretylen (no)
tetrakloroetilen (hr)
tetrakloroetilen (sl)
Tetrakloroetüleen (et)
tetraklóretilén (hu)
tétrachloroéthylène (fr)
τετραχλωροαιθυλένιο (el)
тeтрахлороетилен (bg)

CAS names:
Ethene
1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-

IUPAC names:
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethene
1,1,2,2-tetracloroetene
Ethene, tetrachloro
etrachloroethene
perchloroethylene
perchloroethylene
tetrachlorethen
Tetrachlorethylène
Tetrachloroethene
tetrachloroethene
Tetrachloroethylen
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
Tetrachloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
UPV10

Preferred IUPAC name:
Tetrachloroethene

Trade names:
Czterochloroetylen
DOWPER LM
DOWPER MC
DOWPER N
DOWPER Pure Power
DOWPER Solvent
Perchlorethylene
PERCHLOROETHYLEN
Performanti
Perklone D
Perklone DX+
Perklone EXT
Perklone MD
Perklone N

Other names:
Perchloroethene
perchloroethylene
perc
PCE

Other identifiers:
127-18-4
602-028-00-4

Synonyms of Perchloroethylene:
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
Tetrachloroethene
127-18-4
Perchloroethylene
Ethene, tetrachloro-
Perc
Perchlorethylene
Tetrachlorethylene
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene
Ethylene tetrachloride
Carbon dichloride
Ankilostin
Didakene
Perclene
Tetracap
Tetraguer
Tetraleno
Tetralex
Tetropil
Perawin
Tetlen
Tetrachloraethen
PerSec
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethene
Carbon bichloride
PERK
Percloroetilene
Tetracloroetene
Fedal-UN
Tetrachlooretheen
Czterochloroetylen
Percosolve
Perchlor
Perklone
Tetravec
Tetroguer
Nema
Perchloraethylen, per
Perchlorethylene, per
Perclene D
Dow-per
Dilatin PT
Perchloorethyleen, per
Antisol 1
Ethylene, tetrachloro-
Perchloroethene
Antisal 1
Rcra waste number U210
Nema, veterinary
NCI-C04580
ENT 1,860
Perclene TG
UN 1897
TJ904HH8SN
DTXSID2021319
CHEBI:17300
NSC-9777
Percosolv
Caswell No. 827
C2Cl4
MFCD00000834
Percloroetilene [Italian]
Tetrachlooretheen [Dutch]
Tetrachloraethen [German]
Tetracloroetene [Italian]
Czterochloroetylen [Polish]
Tetrachloroethylene (IUPAC)
CCRIS 579
HSDB 124
Perchloorethyleen, per [Dutch]
Perchloraethylen, per [German]
Perchlorethylene, per [French]
Tetrachloroethene 100 microg/mL in Methanol
NSC 9777
EINECS 204-825-9
UN1897
Tetrachloroethylene [USP]
RCRA waste no. U210
UNII-TJ904HH8SN
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 078501
BRN 1361721
Tetrachlorathen
Perchlorothylene
AI3-01860
tetrachloro-ethene
tetrachloro-ethylene
Nema (VAN)
WLN: GYGUYGG
Freon 1110
Tetrachlooretheen(DUTCH)
Tetrachloraethen(GERMAN)
Percloroetilene(ITALIAN)
Tetracloroetene(ITALIAN)
bmse000633
Czterochloroetylen(POLISH)
EC 204-825-9
1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene
SCHEMBL23022
4-01-00-00715 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
BIDD:ER0346
1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-ethene
Perchloorethyleen, per(DUTCH)
Perchloraethylen, per(GERMAN)
Perchlorethylene, per(FRENCH)
Perchloroethylene Reagent Grade
CHEMBL114062
DTXCID601319
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [II]
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [MI]
1,1,2, 2-Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene, >=99.5%
NSC9777
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [HSDB]
Tetrachloroethylene, UV/IR-Grade
Ethene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-
TETRACHLORETHYLENE [WHO-DD]
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [MART.]
ZINC8214691
Tox21_201196
AKOS009031593
Tetrachloroethylene, analytical standard
Tetrachloroethylene, anhydrous, >=99%
NCGC00090944-01
NCGC00090944-02
NCGC00090944-03
NCGC00258748-01
CAS-127-18-4
Tetrachloroethylene [UN1897] [Poison]
Tetrachloroethylene, for HPLC, >=99.9%
Tetrachloroethylene, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
DB-041854
Tetrachloroethylene, for synthesis, 99.0%
FT-0631739
FT-0674946
S0641
Tetrachloroethylene, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
EN300-19890
Tetrachloroethene 1000 microg/mL in Methanol
Tetrachloroethene 5000 microg/mL in Methanol
C06789
F 1110
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene (ACD/Name 4.0)
Tetrachloroethylene, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
A805656
Q410772
Tetrachloroethylene, SAJ special grade, >=99.0%
J-524851
Tetrachloroethylene, UV HPLC spectroscopic, 99.9%
BRD-K68386748-001-01-2
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE (PERCHLOROETHYLENE) [IARC]
F0001-0391
Tetrachloroethylene, Ultrapure, Spectrophotometric Grade
Density Standard 1623 kg/m3, H&D Fitzgerald Ltd. Quality
25135-99-3
PERCHLOROETHYLENE
Perchloroethylene is a chlorinate hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers.
Perchloroethylene is a colorless, volatile, nonflammable liquid with an ether-like odor.
The major part of Perchloroethylene is produced by high temperature chlorinolysis of light hydrocarbons.

CAS: 127-18-4
MF: C2Cl4
MW: 165.83
EINECS: 204-825-9

Perchloroethylene is an excellent solvent for organic materials.
Perchloroethylene is volatile, highly stable, and nonflammable, and thus being widely used in dry cleaning.
Perchloroethylene can also be used to degrease metal parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries upon being mixed with other chlorocarbons.
Perchloroethylene can also be used in neutrino detectors.
However, Perchloroethylene should be noted that it is a potential carcinogen.
A chlorocarbon that is tetrachloro substituted ethene.

Perchloroethylene is a colourless liquid with a slightly ethereal odour.
Perchloroethylene is marginally soluble in water and soluble in most organic solvents.
Perchloroethylene has a limited number of uses and applications.
Perchloroethylene is used as intermediate, as dry cleaning agent in the industrial and professional sector, as surface cleaning agent in industrial settings, as heat transfer medium in industrial settings, and in film cleaning and copying by professionals.
Perchloroethylene is also used as a chemical intermediate in the production of fluorinated compounds and in industrial surface cleaning metal degreasing.
Occupational exposure to Perchloroethylene is possible in the manufacturing facilities or the industrial facilities where it is used as an intermediate.

Perchloroethylene is a chlorinated ethylene compound commonly used as a dry cleaning and degreasing solvent.
Perchloroethylene shows IR transparency as it has no C–H bonds making it an ideal solvent for IR spectroscopy.
Perchloroethylene is a man-made pollutant which is difficult to degrade.
Perchloroethylene is a ground water contaminant which has adverse effect on human health due to its potential toxicity and carcinogenicity.
Some of the methods proposed for its degradation are Fenton oxidation treatment, reductive dehalogenation under methanogenic condition, and reduction using zero valent metal ions.
One of the methods reported for its synthesis is from ethylene dichloride and chlorine.

Tetrachloroethylene, also known under the systematic name tetrachloroethene, or perchloroethylene, and abbreviations such as "perc" (or "PERC"), and "PCE", is a chlorocarbon with the formula Cl2C=CCl2.
Perchloroethylene is a colorless liquid widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics, hence it is sometimes called "dry-cleaning fluid".
Perchloroethylene also has its uses as an effective automotive brake cleaner.
Perchloroethylene has a sweet odor, similar to the smell of chloroform, detectable by most people at a concentration of 1 part per million (1 ppm).
Worldwide production was about 1 million metric tons (980,000 long tons; 1,100,000 short tons) in 1985.

History and production
French chemist Henri Victor Regnault first synthesized Perchloroethylene in 1839 by thermal decomposition of hexachloroethane following Michael Faraday's 1820 synthesis of protochloride of carbon (carbon tetrachloride).

C2Cl6 → C2Cl4 + Cl2
Faraday was previously falsely credited for the synthesis of Perchloroethylene, which in reality, was carbon tetrachloride.
While trying to make Faraday's "protochloride of carbon", Regnault found that his compound was different from Faraday's.
Victor Regnault stated "according to Faraday, the chloride of carbon boiled around 70 °C (158 °F) to 77 °C (171 °F) degrees Celsius but mine did not begin to boil until 120 °C (248 °F) ".

Perchloroethylene can be made by passing chloroform vapour through a red-hot tube, the side products include hexachlorobenzene and hexachloroethane, as reported in 1886.
Most Perchloroethylene is produced by high temperature chlorinolysis of light hydrocarbons.
The method is related to Faraday's method since hexachloroethane is generated and thermally decomposes.

Side products include carbon tetrachloride, hydrogen chloride, and hexachlorobutadiene.
Several other methods have been developed.
When 1,2-dichloroethane is heated to 400 °C with chlorine, Perchloroethylene is produced by the chemical reaction:

ClCH2CH2Cl + 3 Cl2 → Cl2C=CCl2 + 4 HCl
This reaction can be catalyzed by a mixture of potassium chloride and aluminium chloride or by activated carbon.
Perchloroethylene is a major byproduct, which is separated by distillation.

Perchloroethylene Chemical Properties
Melting point: -22 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 121 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.623 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 5.83 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 13 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.505(lit.)
Fp: 120-121°C
Storage temp.: Store at +2°C to +25°C.
Solubility: water: soluble0.15g/L at 25°C
Form: Liquid
Color: APHA: ≤10
Odor: chloroform-like odor
Odor Threshold: 0.77ppm
Water Solubility: Miscible with alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene and hexane. Slightly miscible with water.
Freezing Point: -22.0℃
λmax: λ: 290 nm Amax: 1.00
λ: 295 nm Amax: 0.30
λ: 300 nm Amax: ≤0.20
λ: 305 nm Amax: 0.10
λ: 350 nm Amax: 0.05
λ: 400 nm Amax: 0.03
Merck: 14,9190
BRN: 1361721
Henry's Law Constant: 4.97 at 1.8 °C, 15.5 at 21.6 °C, 34.2 at 40.0 °C, 47.0 at 50 °C, 68.9 at 60 °C, 117.0 at 70 °C (EPICS-GC, Shimotori and Arnold, 2003)
Exposure limits: TLV-TWA 50 ppm (~325 mg/m3) (ACGIH), 100 ppm (MSHA and OSHA); TLV-STEL 200 ppm (ACGIH); carcinogenicity: Animal Limited Evidence.
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alkali metals, aluminium, strong bases.
LogP: 2.53 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 127-18-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Perchloroethylene (127-18-4)
IARC: 2A (Vol. Sup 7, 63, 106) 2014
EPA Substance Registry System: Perchloroethylene (127-18-4)

Perchloroethylene is a clear, colorless, volatile, nonflammable liquid with an ethereal odor.
Insoluble in water.
Vapors heavier than air.
Density approximately 13.5 lb/gal.
Used as dry cleaning solvent, a degreasing solvent, a drying agent for metals, and in the manufacture of other chemicals.
Perchloroethylene is a clear, colorless, nonflammable liquid with a characteristic odor.

The odor is noticeable 47 ppm, though after a short period it may become inconspicuous, thereby becoming an unreliable warning signal.
The Odor Threshold is variously given as 5 ppm to 6.17 (3M).
Clear, colorless, nonflammable liquid with a chloroform or sweet, ethereal odor. Odor threshold concentration is 4.68 ppmv.
The average least detectable odor threshold concentrations in water at 60 °C and in air at 40 °C were 0.24 and 2.8 mg/L, respectively.

Uses
Perchloroethylene is also known as perchloroethylene, tetrachloroethene, and 1,1,2,2- tetrachloroethene and is also commonly abbreviated to PER or PERC.
Perchloroethylene is a volatile, chlorinated organic hydrocarbon that is widely used as a solvent in the dry-cleaning and textile-processing industries and as an agent for degreasing metal parts.
Perchloroethylene is an environmental contaminant that has been detected in the air, groundwater, surface waters, and soil (NRC, 2010).

Perchloroethylene is used as a solvent, indrycleaning, and in metal degreasing.
Perchloroethylene is a common industrial solvent that is often found as a contaminant in groundwater.
Perchloroethylene is also a suspected carcinogen to humans and is difficult to degrade biologically as it has no natural source.
Perchloroethylene is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).

Uses
Perchloroethylene is an excellent solvent for organic materials.
Otherwise Perchloroethylene is volatile, highly stable and nonflammable, and has low toxicity.
For these reasons, Perchloroethylene is widely used in dry cleaning.
Perchloroethylene is also used to degrease metal parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries, usually as a mixture with other chlorocarbons.
Perchloroethylene appears in a few consumer products including paint strippers, aerosol preparations and spot removers.

Historical applications
Perchloroethylene was once extensively used as an intermediate in the manufacture of HFC-134a and related refrigerants.
In the early 20th century, Perchloroethylene was used for the treatment of hookworm infestation.

Reactivity Profile
Perchloroethylene decomposes upon heating and exposure to UV light to give phosgene and HCl.
Reacts violently with finely dispersed light metals (aluminum) and zinc.
Mixtures with finely divided barium or lithium metal can detonate.
Decomposes very slowly in water to form trichloroacetic acid and hydrochloric acid

Health Hazard
Exposure to Perchloroethylene can produceheadache, dizziness, drowsiness, incoordina tion, irritation of eyes, nose, and throat, and flushing of neck and face.
Exposure to highconcentrations can produce narcotic effects.
The primary target organs are the centralnervous system, mucous membranes, eyes,and skin.
The kidneys, liver, and lungs areaffected to a lesser extent.
Symptoms ofdepression of the central nervous system aremanifested in humans from repeated expo sure to 200 ppm for 7 hours/day.
Chronicexposure to concentrations ranging from 200to 1600 ppm caused drowsiness, depression,and enlargement of the kidneys and livers inrats and guinea pigs.

A 4-hour exposure to 4000 ppm of vapor in air was lethal to rats.
Ingestion of tetrachloroethylene may pro duce toxic effects ranging from nausea andvomiting to somnolence, tremor, and ataxia.
The oral toxicity, is low, however, with LD50ranging between 3000 and 9000 mg/kg inanimals.
Skin contact with the liquid maycause defatting and dermatitis of skin.
Evidence of carcinogenicity of Perchloroethylene has been noted in test animals sub jected to inhalation or oral administration.
Perchloroethylene caused tumors in the blood, liver, and kidneyin rats and mice.
Carcinogenicity in humansis not reported.

Synonyms
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
Tetrachloroethene
127-18-4
Perchloroethylene
Ethene, tetrachloro-
Perc
Perchlorethylene
Tetrachlorethylene
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene
Ethylene tetrachloride
Carbon dichloride
Ankilostin
Didakene
Perclene
Tetracap
Tetraguer
Tetraleno
Tetralex
Tetropil
Perawin
Tetlen
Tetrachloraethen
PerSec
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethene
Carbon bichloride
PERK
Percloroetilene
Tetracloroetene
Fedal-UN
Tetrachlooretheen
Czterochloroetylen
Percosolve
Perchlor
Perklone
Tetravec
Tetroguer
Nema
Perchloraethylen, per
Perchlorethylene, per
Perclene D
Dow-per
Dilatin PT
Perchloorethyleen, per
Antisol 1
Ethylene, tetrachloro-
Perchloroethene
Antisal 1
Rcra waste number U210
Percosolv
Nema, veterinary
NCI-C04580
Caswell No. 827
ENT 1,860
C2Cl4
Percloroetilene [Italian]
Tetrachlooretheen [Dutch]
Tetrachloraethen [German]
Tetracloroetene [Italian]
Perclene TG
Czterochloroetylen [Polish]
Tetrachloroethylene (IUPAC)
CCRIS 579
UN 1897
HSDB 124
Perchloorethyleen, per [Dutch]
Perchloraethylen, per [German]
Perchlorethylene, per [French]
NSC 9777
EINECS 204-825-9
UN1897
Tetrachloroethylene [USP]
RCRA waste no. U210
UNII-TJ904HH8SN
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 078501
BRN 1361721
TJ904HH8SN
AI3-01860
DTXSID2021319
CHEBI:17300
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE-1-13C
NSC-9777
EC 204-825-9
4-01-00-00715 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MFCD00000834
25135-99-3
Tetrachloroethene 100 microg/mL in Methanol
Perchlorothylne
Percloroetileno
Tetrachlorathen
Tetrakloreten
Dowper
Perchlorothylene
perawi n
Tetrochloroethane
tetrachloro-ethene
tetrachloro-ethylene
Tetrachlorethen (Per)
Nema (VAN)
WLN: GYGUYGG
TTE (CHRIS Code)
Freon 1110
Tetrachlooretheen(DUTCH)
Tetrachloraethen(GERMAN)
Percloroetilene(ITALIAN)
Tetracloroetene(ITALIAN)
bmse000633
Czterochloroetylen(POLISH)
1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene
C2-Cl4
SCHEMBL23022
BIDD:ER0346
1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-ethene
Perchloorethyleen, per(DUTCH)
Perchloraethylen, per(GERMAN)
Perchlorethylene, per(FRENCH)
Perchloroethylene Reagent Grade
CHEMBL114062
DTXCID601319
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [II]
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [MI]
1,1,2, 2-Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene, >=99.5%
Eteno, 1,1,2,2-tetracloro-
NSC9777
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [HSDB]
Tetrachloroethylene, UV/IR-Grade
Ethene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-
TETRACHLORETHYLENE [WHO-DD]
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [MART.]
Tox21_201196
LS-710
NA1897
AKOS009031593
perchloroethylene (tetrachloroethylene)
tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene)
Tetrachloroethylene, analytical standard
Tetrachloroethylene, anhydrous, >=99%
Perchloroethylene; (Tetrachloroethylene)
NCGC00090944-01
NCGC00090944-02
NCGC00090944-03
NCGC00258748-01
Tetrachloroethylene [UN1897] [Poison]
Tetrachoroethylene; see Perchloroethylene
CAS-127-18-4
Perchloroethylene; (Tetrachloroethylene)
Tetrachloroethylene [UN1897] [Poison]
Tetrachloroethylene, for HPLC, >=99.9%
Tetrachloroethylene, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
Tetrachloroethylene, for synthesis, 99.0%
FT-0631739
FT-0674946
S0641
Tetrachloroethylene, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
EN300-19890
Tetrachloroethene 1000 microg/mL in Methanol
Tetrachloroethene 5000 microg/mL in Methanol
C06789
F 1110
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene (ACD/Name 4.0)
Tetrachloroethylene, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
A805656
Q410772
Tetrachloroethylene, SAJ special grade, >=99.0%
J-524851
Tetrachloroethylene, UV HPLC spectroscopic, 99.9%
BRD-K68386748-001-01-2
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE (PERCHLOROETHYLENE) [IARC]
F0001-0391
Tetrachloroethylene, Ultrapure, Spectrophotometric Grade
Density Standard 1623 kg/m3, H&D Fitzgerald Ltd. Quality
Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene) (These peer-reviewed values were developed under the Toxic Air Contaminant (TAC) Program mandated by AB1807.)
PERCHLOROETHYLENE
Perchloroethylene IUPAC Name 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethene Perchloroethylene InChI 1S/C2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6 Perchloroethylene InChI Key CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Canonical SMILES C(=C(Cl)Cl)(Cl)Cl Perchloroethylene Molecular Formula C2Cl4 Perchloroethylene CAS 127-18-4 Perchloroethylene European Community (EC) Number 204-825-9 Perchloroethylene ICSC Number 0076 Perchloroethylene NSC Number 9777 Perchloroethylene RTECS Number KX3850000 Perchloroethylene UN Number 1897 Perchloroethylene UNII TJ904HH8SN Perchloroethylene DSSTox Substance ID DTXSID2021319 Perchloroethylene Physical Description Liquid Perchloroethylene Color/Form Colorless liquid Perchloroethylene Odor Ether-like odor Perchloroethylene Boiling Point 250 °F at 760 mm Hg Perchloroethylene Melting Point -2 °F Perchloroethylene Flash Point No flash point in conventional closed tester. Perchloroethylene Solubility less than 0.1 mg/mL at 63° F Perchloroethylene Density 1.63 at 68 °F Perchloroethylene Vapor Density 5.83 Perchloroethylene Vapor Pressure 14 mm Hg at 68 °F ; 15.8 mm Hg at 72° F Perchloroethylene LogP 3.4 Perchloroethylene LogKoa 3.48 (Octanol-Air partition coefficient) Perchloroethylene Henrys Law Constant 0.02 atm-m3/mole Perchloroethylene Atmospheric OH Rate Constant 1.67e-13 cm3/molecule*sec Perchloroethylene Stability/Shelf Life Stable under recommended storage conditions. Perchloroethylene Autoignition Temperature Not flammable Perchloroethylene Decomposition Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions - Carbon oxides, hydrogen chloride gas. Perchloroethylene Viscosity Liquid (cP): 0.932 at 15 °C; 0.839 at 25 °C; 0.657 at 50 °C; 0.534 at 75 °C. Vapor: 9900 cP at 60 °C Perchloroethylene Corrosivity Corrosion of aluminum, iron, and zinc, which is negligible unless water is present, can be inhibited by the addition of stabilizers Perchloroethylene Heat of Combustion 679.9 kJ/mol Perchloroethylene Heat of Vaporization 90.2 BTU/lb = 50.1 cal/g = 2.10X10+5 J/kg Perchloroethylene Surface Tension 31.74 dynes/cm at 20 °C in contact with vapor Perchloroethylene Ionization Potential 9.32 eV Perchloroethylene Molecular Weight 165.8 g/mol Perchloroethylene XLogP3 3.4 Perchloroethylene Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0 Perchloroethylene Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 0 Perchloroethylene Rotatable Bond Count 0 Perchloroethylene Exact Mass 165.872461 g/mol Perchloroethylene Monoisotopic Mass 163.875411 g/mol Perchloroethylene Topological Polar Surface Area 0 Ų Perchloroethylene Heavy Atom Count 6 Perchloroethylene Formal Charge 0 Perchloroethylene Complexity 55.6 Perchloroethylene Isotope Atom Count 0 Perchloroethylene Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 Perchloroethylene Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 Perchloroethylene Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 Perchloroethylene Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 Perchloroethylene Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1 Perchloroethylene Compound Is Canonicalized Yes Perchloroethylene is a colorless, volatile, nonflammable, liquid, chlorinated hydrocarbon with an ether-like odor that may emit toxic fumes of phosgene when exposed to sunlight or flames. Perchloroethylene is mainly used as a cleaning solvent in dry cleaning and textile processing and in the manufacture of fluorocarbons. Exposure to this substance irritates the upper respiratory tract and eyes and causes neurological effects as well as kidney and liver damage. Perchloroethylene is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen and may be linked to an increased risk of developing skin, colon, lung, esophageal, and urogenital tract cancer as well as lymphosarcoma and leukemia.Perchloroethylene is a manufactured chemical that is widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics and for metal-degreasing. It is also used to make other chemicals and is used in some consumer products.Perchloroethylene is stable up to 500 °C in the absence of catalysts, moisture, and oxygen.The distinctive odor of Perchloroethylene does not necessarily provide adequate warning. Because Perchloroethylene quickly desensitizes olfactory responses, persons can suffer exposure to vapor concentrations in excess of TLV limits without smelling it.The odor threshold for Perchloroethylene has been established as 32 mg/ cu m.Perchloroethylene is a colorless, volatile, nonflammable, liquid, chlorinated hydrocarbon with an ether-like odor that may emit toxic fumes of phosgene when exposed to sunlight or flames. Perchloroethylene is mainly used as a cleaning solvent in dry cleaning and textile processing and in the manufacture of fluorocarbons. Exposure to this substance irritates the upper respiratory tract and eyes and causes neurological effects as well as kidney and liver damage. Perchloroethylene is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen and may be linked to an increased risk of developing skin, colon, lung, esophageal, and urogenital tract cancer as well as lymphosarcoma and leukemia.Perchloroethylene is a volatile, lipophilic small molecule that is rapidly and extensively absorbed after inhalation and oral exposure. It can also be rapidly absorbed through the skin, but dermal absorption appears to be a less important route of exposure. In humans, inhalation exposure to Perchloroethylene typically results, within a few hours of exposure, in a pseudoequilibrium between inspired air and blood although there can be substantial interindividual differences in absorption behavior. After oral dosing in animals, peak blood Perchloroethylene concentrations are typically reached within 15-30 min, and systemic bioavailability is typically greater than 80%; once absorbed, Perchloroethylene is rapidly distributed throughout the body, and well-perfused tissues reach a pseudoequilibrium with blood within a few minutes.Because of its lipophilicity, the highest concentrations of Perchloroethylene are found in adipose tissue. In humans, the fat-to-blood concentration ratio has been estimated to be as high as 90:1. Relatively high concentrations are also observed in the liver and brain. On the basis of animal studies and sparse human data, the brain concentration of Perchloroethylene is 4-8 times the blood concentration.For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for Perchloroethylene (32 total), please visit the HSDB record page.The two major products of Perchloroethylene metabolism by the CYP pathway are trichloroacetyl chloride and oxalyl chloride.The beta-lyase pathway: Perchloroethylene is conjugated with glutathione to S-(1,2,2-trichlorovinyl) glutathione and is later processed by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and aminopeptidase to S-(1,2,2-trichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (TCVC).The CYP pathway is the predominant route of Perchloroethylene metabolism in rats and humans. Plasma albumin adducted with the trichloro derivative, indicating metabolism by the CYP pathway, was found in rats and humans exposed to Perchloroethylene at 40 ppm for 6 hours. ... Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) excretion by rats was about 23 fold that of humans; or humans excreted about 4.4% of the amount excreted by rats.After ingestion of 12-16 g Perchloroethylene, a 6 year old boy was admitted to the clinic in coma. ... The Perchloroethylene blood level profile which was determined under hyperventilation therapy could be computer fitted to a two compartment model. Elimination of Perchloroethylene from the blood compartment occurred via a rapid and a slow process with half-lives of 30 min and 35 hours, respectively. These values compared favorably with the half-lives of 160 min and 33 hours under normal respiratory conditions.The elimination of Perchloroethylene in expired air ranged from 50 to 150 ppm (339 to 1,017 mg/cu m) for up to 8 hr. Biological half-life for fat stores was 71.5 hr.The biological half-life of Perchloroethylene metabolites (as measured as total trichloro-compounds) is 144 hours.Perchloroethylene is used to clean dirt, grease and minor scratches from the print and the negative films prior to printing.The production of Perchloroethylene is possible by high temperature chlorination of chlorinated lower molecular mass hydrocarbons. For industrial purposes, three processes are important: 1. Production from acetylene via trichloroethylene ... 2. Production from ethylene or 1,2-dichloroethane through oxychlorination ... and 3. Production from C1-C3 hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons through high temperature chlorination.Perchloroethylene is produced mainly by oxyhydrochlorination, perchlorination, and/or dehydrochlorination of hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons such as 1,2 dichloroethane, propylene, propylene dichloride, 1,1,2-tri-chloroethane, and acetylene.Perchloroethylene is avail in the USA in the following grades: purified, technical, USP, spectrophotometric, and dry-cleaning. The technical and dry-cleaning grades both meet specifications for technical grade and differ only in the amount of stabilizer added to prevent decomposition. Stabilizers ... incl amines or mixtures of epoxides and esters. Typical analysis of the commercial grade is ... nonvolatile residue, 0.0003%; free chlorine, none; moisture, no cloud at -5 °C ... USP grade contains not less than 99.0% and no more than 99.5% Perchloroethylene, the remainder consisting of ethanol.Analyte: Perchloroethylene; Matrix: Air; Sampler: Solid sorbent tube (coconut shell charcoal, 100 mg/50 mg); Flow rate: 0.01-0.2 l/min; Vol: min: 0.2 @ 100 ppm, max: 40; Stability: not determined.The major hazards encountered in the use and handling of Perchloroethylene stem from its toxicologic properties. Exposure to this colorless liquid may occur from its use as a solvent and as an intermediate in chemical syntheses. In addition to eye and skin inflammation from contacting liquid Perchloroethylene, inhalation of its vapor can cause central nervous system depression, liver necrosis, and effects on the lung, heart, and kidney. Perchloroethylene's sweet chloroform-like odor may warn of its presence at a sub-TLV level of 4.68 ppm; however,the distinctive odor of Perchloroethylene does not necessarily provide adequate warning. Because Perchloroethylene quickly desensitizes olfactory responses, persons can suffer exposure to vapor concentrations in excess of TLV limits without smelling it. To assure against exposure, it is recommended that self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing be worn, especially in fire or spill situations. Although considered nonflammable, containers of Perchloroethylene may explode in the heat of a fire and its vapor will decompose in contact with open flames or red-heated materials to yield the poisonous gas, phosgene. For small fires involving Perchloroethylene, extinguish with dry chemical or CO2, and for large fires, use water spray, fog, or foam. Cool containers with water. If the fire involves a tank car or truck, isolate the area for 1/2 mile in all directions. Perchloroethylene should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location, away from strong oxidizers, potential fire hazards, caustic soda, potash, and chemically active metals such as barium, lithium, and beryllium. For small spills of Perchloroethylene, ventilate the area then take up with vermiculite, dry sand, or earth. Large spills should be diked for later disposal. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residues (including waste sludge), consult environmental regulatory agencies for guidance.Irritation of the eyes, nose, or throat and central nervous system depression were experienced by 17 subjects, exposed to 685 mg of Perchloroethylene per cu m air. Coordination was impaired within 3 hr of exposure.D039; A waste containing Perchloroethylene may or may not be characterized as a hazardous waste following testing by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure as prescribed by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations.The presence of 0.5% of trichloroethylene as impurity in Perchloroethylene during unheated drying over solid sodium hydroxide caused the generation of dichloroacetylene. After subsequent fractional distillation, the volatile fore-run exploded.Perchloroethylene, also known under the systematic name tetrachloroethene, or perchloroethylene, and many other names (and abbreviations such as "perc" or "PERC", and "PCE"), is a chlorocarbon with the formula Cl2C=CCl2. It is a colorless liquid widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics, hence it is sometimes called "dry-cleaning fluid". It has a sweet odor detectable by most people at a concentration of 1 part per million (1 ppm). Worldwide production was about 1 million metric tons (980,000 long tons; 1,100,000 short tons) in 1985.Most Perchloroethylene is produced by high temperature chlorinolysis of light hydrocarbons. The method is related to Faraday's discovery since hexachloroethane is generated and thermally decomposes.Side products include carbon tetrachloride, hydrogen chloride, and hexachlorobutadiene.Perchloroethylene is an excellent solvent for organic materials. Otherwise it is volatile, highly stable, and nonflammable. For these reasons, it is widely used in dry cleaning. It is also used to degrease metal parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries, usually as a mixture with other chlorocarbons. It appears in a few consumer products including paint strippers and spot removers. It is also used in aerosol preparations.It is used in neutrino detectors where a neutrino interacts with a neutron in the chlorine atom and converts it to a proton to form argon.Perchloroethylene was once extensively used as an intermediate in the manufacture of HFC-134a and related refrigerants. In the early 20th century, tetrachloroethene was used for the treatment of hookworm infestation.The acute toxicity of Perchloroethylene "is moderate to low". "Reports of human injury are uncommon despite its wide usage in dry cleaning and degreasing".The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified Perchloroethylene as a Group 2A carcinogen, which means that it is probably carcinogenic to humans.Like many chlorinated hydrocarbons, Perchloroethylene is a central nervous system depressant and can enter the body through respiratory or dermal exposure. Perchloroethylene dissolves fats from the skin, potentially resulting in skin irritation.Animal studies and a study of 99 twins showed there is a "lot of circumstantial evidence" that exposure to Perchloroethylene increases the risk of developing Parkinson's disease ninefold. Larger population studies are planned.Also, Perchloroethylene has been shown to cause liver tumors in mice and kidney tumors in male rats.Perchloroethylene exposure has been linked to pronounced acquired color vision deficiencies after chronic exposure.Perchloroethylene is a common soil contaminant. With a specific gravity greater than 1, Perchloroethylene will be present as a dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) if sufficient quantities are released. Because of its mobility in groundwater, its toxicity at low levels, and its density (which causes it to sink below the water table), cleanup activities are more difficult than for oil spills: oil has a specific gravity less than 1. Recent research on soil and ground water pollution by Perchloroethylene has focused on in-place remediation. Instead of excavation or extraction for above-ground treatment or disposal, Perchloroethylene contamination has been successfully remediated by chemical treatment or bioremediation. Bioremediation has been successful under anaerobic conditions by reductive dechlorination by Dehalococcoides sp. and under aerobic conditions by cometabolism by Pseudomonas sp. Partial degradation daughter products include trichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride; full degradation converts Perchloroethylene to ethene and hydrogen chloride dissolved in water.Estimates state that 85% of Perchloroethylene produced is released into the atmosphere; while models from OECD assumed that 90% is released into the air and 10% to water. Based on these models, its distribution in the environment is estimated to be in the air (76.39% - 99.69%), water (0.23% - 23.2%), soil (0.06-7%), with the remainder in the sediment and biota. Estimates of lifetime in the atmosphere vary, but a 1987 survey estimated the lifetime in the air to be about 2 months in the Southern Hemisphere and 5–6 months in the Northern Hemisphere. Degradation products observed in a laboratory include phosgene, trichloroacetyl chloride, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Perchloroethylene is degraded by hydrolysis, and is persistent under aerobic conditions. It is degraded by reductive dechlorination under anaerobic conditions, with degradation products such as trichloroethylene, dichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, ethylene, and ethane. It has an ozone depletion potential of 0.005, where CFC-11 (CCl3F) is 1.Perchloroethylene, also known as perc, is a colorless, nonflammable liquid solvent with a sweet, ether-like odor. It is primarily used in industrial settings and also for dry-cleaning fabrics and degreasing metals.Perchloroethylene is a solvent commonly used in dry cleaning operations. When applied to a material or fabric, perc helps dissolve greases, oils and waxes without damaging the fabric.In metal manufacturing, solvents containing perchloroethylene clean and degrease new metal to help prevent impurities from weakening the metal.Due to its durability and ability to adhere to plastics, metal, rubber and leather, perchloroethylene has been used as an ingredient in a range of common products such as water repellants, paint removers, printing inks, glues, sealants, polishes and lubricants.Perchloroethylene is present in very tiny amounts in the environment as a result of industrial releases. Dry cleaned clothes may release small amounts of perc into the air, according to the U.S. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR).The low levels of perchloroethylene that most people are exposed to in air, water and food are not reported to cause symptoms, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS). People who wear dry cleaned clothing may be exposed to perc levels that are slightly higher than what is normally found in air, but these amounts are also not expected to be hazardous to the average person’s health.People who live or work near dry cleaning facilities may be exposed to higher levels of perchloroethylene than the general population. To help limit any potential health risks, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has ruled that dry cleaners located in residential buildings must phase out dry cleaning machines that use perc by December 21, 2020.The highest exposures to perchloroethylene tend to occur in the workplace, especially among dry cleaning workers or workers at metal degreasing facilities. Exposure to these higher levels of perc can lead to irritation of the eyes, skin, nose, throat and/or respiratory system. Short-term exposure to high levels of perc can affect the central nervous system and may lead to unconsciousness or death, according to NIH. To help protect these workers, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recommends special safety precautions, such as a recommended schedule of maintenance activities and performing daily checks for perc leaks from dry cleaning machines.Perchloroethylene, also known as perc, is a solvent used in dry cleaning operations. In metal manufacturing, perc cleans and degreases metals.The highest exposures to perchloroethylene tend to occur in the workplace, especially among dry cleaning and degreasing workers. To protect workers, OSHA recommends specific safety precautions. The dry cleaning industry has also worked to reduce perc exposures for workers in recent years, by implementing improved safety measures, and switching over to modern dry cleaning equipment that reduces worker exposure to perc.The low levels of perchloroethylene that may be present in air, water and food are not reported to cause symptoms. The highest exposures to perc tend to occur in industrial settings. Higher levels of perc exposure can lead to irritation of the eyes, skin, nose, throat and/or respiratory system. Short-term exposure to high levels of perc can affect the central nervous system and cause unconsciousness and death, according to NIH.People who wear dry cleaned clothing may be exposed to perc at levels that are slightly higher than what is normally found in air, but these amounts are not expected to be hazardous to the average person’s health, according to ACS.According to ACS, some studies of people exposed to perc at work, such as dry cleaning workers, found more cases than expected of certain cancers, including cancers of the esophagus, kidney, cervix and bladder, as well as lymphomas. However, the results of these studies did not always agree, and there were so few cases of cancer in general that the increased risk often may have been due to chance, not exposure to perc. Many of these studies also did not account for other factors that might affect cancer risk, such as cigarette or alcohol use. ATSDR states that exposure to perchloroethylene might lead to a higher risk of bladder cancer, multiple myeloma or non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma for some people, but also states that the evidence is not very strong.Tetrachloroethylene is widely used for dry-cleaning fabrics and metal degreasing operations. Effects resulting from acute (short term) high-level inhalation exposure of humans to tetrachloroethylene include irritation of the upper respiratory tract and eyes, kidney dysfunction, and neurological effects such as reversible mood and behavioral changes, impairment of coordination, dizziness, headache, sleepiness, and unconsciousness. The primary effects from chronic (long term) inhalation exposure are neurological, including impaired cognitive and motor neurobehavioral performance. Tetrachloroethylene exposure may also cause adverse effects in the kidney, liver, immune system and hematologic system, and on development and reproduction. Studies of people exposed in the workplace have found associations with several types of cancer including bladder cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma. EPA has classified tetrachloroethylene as likely to be carcinogenic to humans.Tetrachloroethylene is used for dry cleaning and textile processing, as a chemical intermediate, and for vapor degreasing in metal-cleaning operations.Perchloroethylene is a colorless liquid (also called tetrachloroethylene or tetrachloroethene) used as a dry cleaning agent, chemical intermediate and metal degreasing agent. Perchloroethylene has also been used as an insulating fluid and cooling gas in electrical transformers, in paint removers, printing inks, adhesives, paper coating and leather treatment; in aerosol formulations, as an extractant for pharmaceuticals, to remove soot from industrial boilers, and as an antihelminthic agent. Perchloroethylene is a volatile liquid, as such when it is released to surface water or surface soil, it tends to volatilize quickly. Perchloroethylene is also mobile in soil and has the potential to leach below the soil surface and contaminate groundwater. Perchloroethylene can also biodegrade to trichloroethylene, dichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, and ethene through reductive dechlorination, therefore the exposed population can also be exposed to the degradation product, trichloroethylene, which is often found as a contaminant in products with perchloroethylene. The liver is the target organ in humans, mainly in reports of accidental exposure to a high concentration. Meckler et.al.48 described liver damage in a woman exposed occupationally to perchloroethylene fumes documented by a liver biopsy. Other investigators have shown that exposure to perchloroethylene is associated with elevation of liver enzymes, jaundice, and enlarged liver.49,50 Experimental animal studies also have shown liver damage by inhalation of perchloroethylene.51–54 Liver necrosis occurred in experimental mice exposed to 100 and 200 ppm of perchloroethylene for 103 weeks.55 Experimental animals exposed orally to perchloroethylene have been shown to develop liver changes similar to those produced by inhalation studies, and mice are more sensitive than rats to perchloroethylene induced liver toxicity. Humans exposed by oral routes to perchloroethylene except for heavy doses commonly have not shown significant changes other than obstructive jaundice and enlarged liver reported in an infant exposed to perchloroethylene via breast milk.56 It is highly likely that perchloroethylene is a hepatotoxic agent at high doses, and probably at low doses as well in susceptible individuals with other environmental exposures, are taking prescription medications, have alcoholism, nutritional and/or genetic factors, or preexisting disease of the liver. The IARC Working Group reviewed experimental animal studies that evaluated the carcinogenicity of perchloroethylene. In mice given perchloroethylene in corn oil by gavage, there were increases in the trend and in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in males and females.In two separate studies in mice of two different strains exposed by inhalation, significant increases in the incidence of hepatocellular adenoma, carcinoma, and adenoma or carcinoma (combined) were observed in males and females.There are numerous cancer studies in humans examining the risk from exposure to perchloroethylene. It is evident that perchloroethylene can increase cancer risks in humans and is carcinogenic in animals as well. There are epidemiological studies that link exposure to perchloroethylene and increased risk of liver cancer in humans. A case-control study Lynge and Thygesen61 reported an increased liver cancer incidence in Danish female dry cleaning and laundry workers with a follow-up study by Lynge62 finding that the increased liver cancer incidence in the female Danish workers was associated with the laundry workers (SIR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.4 - 7.0). In a report by Hernberg et al.63 a survey among 377 exposed people to various solvents including perchloroethylene compared to 385 unexposed controls indicated an increased incidence of liver cancer in females.The National Toxicology Program has categorized perchloroethylene as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.64 The IARC has listed PCE as Group 2A – probably carcinogenic to humans. The IARC found that, “Positive associations have been observed for cancer of the bladder. There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of perchloroethylene.”65 Epidemiologic data suggest a possible increased incidence of liver in humans, but data are limited.The corrosiveness of perchloroethylene to copper is determined using Soxhlet apparatus.27 Three pre-weighed strips of copper are used, one placed in the bottom flask, the second in the bottom of the Soxhlet attachment, and the third below the condenser. The specimens are exposed to refluxing solvent for 72 h after which the entire apparatus is flushed with distilled water to wash all acidic substances back to the flask. The water layer is titrated with 0.01 N NaOH to determine its acidity and the strips are weighed to determine weight loss. The results indicate quality of solvent. A different method is used to test copper corrosion by aromatic hydrocarbons.28 Here, a copper strip is immersed in a flask containing solvent and the flask is placed in boiling water for 30 min. Next, the copper strip is compared with ASTM standard corroded copper strips.If 1,1,1-trichloroethane is not properly stabilized, it forms hydrochloric acid in the presence of aluminum. HCl corrodes aluminum. The presence of free water invalidates the result of this test.29 An aluminum coupon is scratched beneath the surface of a solvent. The coupon is observed for 10 min and 1 h and the degree of corrosion is recorded in form of pass (no reaction) or fail (gas bubbles, color formation, or metal corrosion). The test is important to cleaning operations because aluminum should not be used for parts of machines (pumps, tanks, valves, spray equipment) in contact with corrosive solvent.Tetrachloroethylene is synthetic chemical used for dry cleaning, and has also been named as perchloroethylene and tetrachloroethene. The liver is the target organ in humans, mainly in reports of accidental exposure to a high concentration. Meckler et.al.48 has shown liver damage in a woman exposed occupationally to tetrachloroethylene fumes documented by a liver biopsy. Other investigators have also shown elevation of liver enzymes, jaundice, and enlarged liver.49,50 Experimental animal studies also have shown liver damage by inhalation of tetrachloroethylene.51–54 Liver necrosis occurred in experimental mice exposed to 100 and 200 ppm of tetrachloroethylene for 103 weeks.55 Experimental animals exposed orally to tetrachloroethylene have been shown to develop liver changes similar to those produced by inhalation studies, and mice are more sensitive than rats to tetrachloroethylene induced liver toxicity. Humans exposed by oral routes to tetrachloroethylene except for heavy doses commonly have not shown significant changes other than obstructive jaundice and enlarged liver reported in an infant exposed to tetrachloroethylene via breast milk.56 Issues of carcinogenicity will not be addressed in this chapter, and the interested reader is referred to the toxicological profile for tetrachloroethylene.57 It is highly likely that tetrachlorethylene is a hepatotoxic agent at high doses, and probably at low doses as well in susceptible individuals with either other environmental exposures, prescription medications, alcoholism, nutritional and/or genetic factors, and preexisting disease of the liver.Tetrachloroethylene is a colorless, volatile, nonflammable, liquid, chlorinated hydrocarbon with an ether-like odor that may emit toxic fumes of phosgene when exposed to sunlight or flames. Tetrachloroethylene is mainly used as a cleaning solvent in dry cleaning and textile processing and in the manufacture of fluorocarbons. Exposure to this substance irritates the upper respiratory tract and eyes and causes neurological effects as well as kidney and liver damage. Tetrachloroethylene is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen and may be linked to an increased risk of developing skin, colon, lung, esophageal, and urogenital tract cancer as well as lymphosarcoma and leukemia.
PERGUT S 20
An elastomer (natural rubber or a polyolefin) to which 65% of chlorine has been added to give a solid, film-forming resin.
White, amorphous powder available in viscosity grades from 5 to 125 c P, the figures indicating vis- cosity of a 20% solution in tol.
Pergut S 20 can be used as impact modifier of polyethylene plastic, permanent plasticizer, cold resistance additive, flame retardant of polyolefin, modifier of various rubber compounds, etc.

CAS: 9006-03-5
MF: [C10H11Cl7]n

Pergut S 20 is a chemically inert material with excellent film forming properties.
Pergut S 20 is a nonflammable, nontoxic, tasteless white powder.
A fast physically drying binder.
Pergut S 20 has extremely low chemical reactivity and can be freely dissolved in solvents.
Compatible with almost all natural and synthetic resins.

Pergut S 20 is a natural rubber derivative, which is a product of chlorination after depolymerization of natural rubber.
The masticated natural rubber (or polyisoprene rubber) is dissolved in carbon tetrachloride or dichloroethane solvent, and the rubber generated by passing chlorine gas.
Pergut S 20 content in 40% ~ 65%, the higher the chlorine content, the better the chemical stability.
Pure product is odorless, tasteless, non-toxic white powder, the relative density of 1.43.
Industrial products are slightly yellow, with a relative density of 1.5 to 1.7. 135~140 degrees C softening decomposition.
Good resistance to various reagents.
When the Pergut S 20 content is 40 ~ 45%, it is sticky, soft, but unstable.

When the Pergut S 20 content is 50 ~ 54%, it is a relatively hard solid and still unstable.
When the Pergut S 20 content is 54 ~ 65%, the stability is better.
Soluble in benzene, mixed xylene, naphtha, carbon disulfide, ethyl acetate, tetralin, insoluble in water, alcohol and petroleum hydrocarbon solvent.
Pergut S 20 is acid and alkali resistant, and has excellent insulation and mold resistance.

Pergut S 20 with different solution viscosities were obtained depending on the degree of depolymerization.
Pergut S 20 used as a coating, the viscosity of 10 ~ 200mPa-s, the higher the viscosity, weather resistance, light retention, stability, but the coating operation is difficult.
Pergut S 20 can be used in the manufacture of coatings, anti-corrosion materials, etc.

Pergut S 20 coating is also called chlorinated rubber paint.
The Pergut S 20 is prepared by dissolving it in a solvent and then adding other additives.
Among them, Pergut S 20 is the main film-forming substance.
Although Pergut S 20 is soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters and higher Ester solvents, xylene or heavy benzene is mostly used as a solvent when used as a coating material.
In order to increase the elasticity and adhesion of the coating film, plasticizers such as pentachlorobiphenyl, chlorinated paraffin, chlorinated naphthalene, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate and some drying oils can be added.

In order to delay the aging of the coating film, some pigments may be added, but particular attention should be paid to the nature of the pigment and its reaction with the coating.
In addition, Pergut S 20 is often used in combination with some resins to improve the performance of the coating.
The unique advantages of the coating are: good chemical resistance, can resist acid and alkali and salt spray resistance, low water vapor permeability, good water resistance, these properties are the best in all coatings; the paint added with pigment can resist ultraviolet rays, weather resistance, cold and heat resistance; Toughness, wear resistance, high flame resistance; Use with other resins, higher adhesion; High insulation and mold resistance; High solid content, coating once is equivalent to other coatings several times; Drying is fast; In addition to the above unique advantages, but also has some common properties of other chlorine-containing coatings.

The disadvantage is that Pergut S 20 is difficult to resist strong nitric acid, concentrated acetic acid and ammonium hydroxide solution; Can not be dried at 110 ℃ or more, otherwise Pergut S 20 will damage the adhesion; There is mutual bleeding phenomenon between the two layers of coating.
Pergut S 20 is used in the manufacture of ship primer, plate paint, cargo ship paint, acid-resistant paint, alkali-resistant paint, cement surface paint, fire-retardant Ester, battery room paint, roof paint, road marking paint, etc.
Japan has adopted chlorinated polypropylene to replace pure Pergut S 20 since 1976, because chlorinated polypropylene is more difficult to decompose, can reduce the volatilization of chlorine, and has good heat resistance and weather resistance.
Most of these coatings are now used.

Pergut S 20 Chemical Properties
Density: 1.43-1.50
Fp: 135-140°C (dec.)
EPA Substance Registry System: Pergut S 20 (9006-03-5)

Pergut S 20 is typically prepared by treating a solution of masticated natural rubber in chloroform or carbon tetrachloride with chlorine at 80-100°C until sampling indicates the product has a chlorine content of about 65%.
During this time, hydrogen chloride is evolved.
After the passage of Pergut S 20 has been stopped, the solution is refluxed until the evolution of hydrogen chloride ceases; this results in a product of good stability.
The Pergut S 20 is then isolated by precipitation with methanol.

Use
Pergut S 20 for rust prevention of steel products, anti-corrosion,
Pergut S 20widely used as anti-corrosion coatings and various strong adhesives,
Pergut S 20can be used as impact modifiers, permanent plasticizers, cold resistant additives, polyolefin flame retardants, modifier of various compounds, etc.
Pergut S 20 can be used extensively in an expanding range of applications.
Pergut S 20 can be used to formulate fast drying anticorrosion coating with good weather stability and resistance to water and chemicals.

Additionally, Pergut S 20 is used for the manufacture of different kinds of paints like anticorrosive, marine, traffic, fire retardant and intumescent, swimming pools.
Pergut S 20 also has applications in the manufacture of adhesives.
In general, low viscosity grades are used in printing inks and spray paints, when low viscosity solutions are required with maximum solid content.
Whereas Pergut S 20 is a general purpose grade.
Higher viscosity grades are used in special purpose adhesives and textile coatings.

Hazard
Do not dry-mill Pergut S 20 with zinc oxide; mixture reacts violently at 216C.
Do not use in baked enamels.

Synonyms
adekacr5
adekacr20
adekacr40
adekacr10
adekacr150
adbond1000clear
rubber chlorinated
RUBBER CHLORINATED
Chlorinated rubber
polyisoprene, chlorinated
POLYISOPRENE, CHLORINATED
Chlorinated natural rubber
RUBBER CHLORINATED
POLYISOPRENE, CHLORINATED
PERGUT S 20
Pergut S 20 is typically prepared by treating a solution of masticated natural rubber in chloroform or carbon tetrachloride with chlorine at 80-100°C until sampling indicates the product has a chlorine content of about 65%.
During this time, Pergut S 20 is evolved.
After the passage of Pergut S 20 has been stopped, the solution is refluxed until the evolution of hydrogen chloride ceases; this results in a product of good stability.

CAS: 9006-03-5
MF: [C10H11Cl7]n

The Pergut S 20 is then isolated by precipitation with methanol.
An elastomer (natural rubber or a polyolefin) to which 65% of Pergut S 20 has been added to give a solid, film-forming resin.
White, amorphous powder available in viscosity grades from 5 to 125 c P, the figures indicating vis- cosity of a 20% solution in tol.
The Pergut S 20 is one of the rubber derived products, which is modified from the natural rubber through chlorination.
Pergut S 20 finds wide application in the production of coatings, inks, adhesives, etc.

Pergut S 20 Chemical Properties
Density: 1.43-1.50
Fp: 135-140°C (dec.)
EPA Substance Registry System: Chlorinated rubber (9006-03-5)
Flash Point: 135-140°C (dec.)

Use
Pergut S 20 can be used as impact modifier of polyethylene plastic, permanent plasticizer, cold resistance additive, flame retardant of polyolefin, modifier of various rubber compounds, etc.

Pergut S 20 Derivative
Pergut S 20 is a natural rubber derivative, which is a product of chlorination after depolymerization of natural rubber.
The masticated Pergut S 20 (or polyisoprene rubber) is dissolved in carbon tetrachloride or dichloroethane solvent, and the rubber generated by passing chlorine gas.
Pergut S 20 content in 40% ~ 65%, the higher the chlorine content, the better the chemical stability.
Pure product is odorless, tasteless, non-toxic white powder, the relative density of 1.43. Industrial products are slightly yellow, with a relative density of 1.5 to 1.7. 135~140 degrees C softening decomposition.
Good resistance to various reagents.

When the chlorine content is 40 ~ 45%, it is sticky, soft, but unstable.
When the chlorine content is 50 ~ 54%, it is a relatively hard solid and still unstable. When the chlorine content is 54 ~ 65%, the stability is better.
Soluble in benzene, mixed xylene, naphtha, carbon disulfide, ethyl acetate, tetralin, insoluble in water, alcohol and petroleum hydrocarbon solvent.
Pergut S 20 is acid and alkali resistant, and has excellent insulation and mold resistance.
Pergut S 20 with different solution viscosities were obtained depending on the degree of depolymerization.
Pergut S 20 used as a coating, the viscosity of 10 ~ 200mPa-s, the higher the viscosity, weather resistance, light retention, stability, but the coating operation is difficult.
Pergut S 20 can be used in the manufacture of coatings, anti-corrosion materials, etc.

Pergut S 20r Coating
Pergut S 20 coating is also called chlorinated rubber paint.
The Pergut S 20 is prepared by dissolving it in a solvent and then adding other additives.
Among them, Pergut S 20 is the main film-forming substance.
Although Pergut S 20 is soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters and higher Ester solvents, xylene or heavy benzene is mostly used as a solvent when used as a coating material.
In order to increase the elasticity and adhesion of the coating film, plasticizers such as pentachlorobiphenyl, chlorinated paraffin, chlorinated naphthalene, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate and some drying oils can be added.

In order to delay the aging of the coating film, some pigments may be added, but particular attention should be paid to the nature of the pigment and its reaction with the coating.
In addition, Pergut S 20 is often used in combination with some resins to improve the performance of the coating.
The unique advantages of the coating are: good chemical resistance, can resist acid and alkali and salt spray resistance, low water vapor permeability, good water resistance, these properties are the best in all coatings; the paint added with pigment can resist ultraviolet rays, weather resistance, cold and heat resistance; Toughness, wear resistance, high flame resistance; Use with other resins, higher adhesion; High insulation and mold resistance; High solid content, coating once is equivalent to other coatings several times; Drying is fast; In addition to the above unique advantages, but also has some common properties of other Pergut S 20-containing coatings.

The disadvantage is that Pergut S 20 is difficult to resist strong nitric acid, concentrated acetic acid and ammonium hydroxide solution; Can not be dried at 110 ℃ or more, otherwise Pergut S 20 will damage the adhesion; There is mutual bleeding phenomenon between the two layers of coating.
Pergut S 20 is used in the manufacture of ship primer, plate paint, cargo ship paint, acid-resistant paint, alkali-resistant paint, cement surface paint, fire-retardant Ester, battery room paint, roof paint, road marking paint, etc.
Japan has adopted Pergut S 20 polypropylene to replace pure chlorinated rubber since 1976, because chlorinated polypropylene is more difficult to decompose, can reduce the volatilization of Pergut S 20, and has good heat resistance and weather resistance.
Most of these coatings are now used.

Hazard
Do not dry-mill Pergut S 20 with zinc oxide; mixture reacts violently at 216C.
Do not use in baked enamels.

Synonyms
adekacr5
adekacr20
adekacr40
adekacr10
adekacr150
adbond1000clear
rubber chlorinated
RUBBER CHLORINATED
Chlorinated rubber
polyisoprene, chlorinated
POLYISOPRENE, CHLORINATED
Chlorinated natural rubber
RUBBER CHLORINATED
POLYISOPRENE
CHLORINATED
PERKLOR ETILEN
cas no 93763-70-3
PERLITE
cas no 52645-53-1 3-phenoxybenzyl (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylate; 3-phenoxybenzyl (1RS)-cis-trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2- dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate;
PERLOGEN SF 3000
APPLICATIONS


Perlogen SF 3000 is a cold-processable, liquid pearlizing concentrate for rinse-off products.
Perlogen SF 3000 delivers an intense silky shine to shampoos, similar to the color spectrum and light reflexes of natural pearls, at low dosage.

The production of Perlogen SF 3000 utilizes a patented and highly efficient low-energy blending process that reduces the overall carbon footprint significantly.
Perlogen SF 3000 delivers an intensive silky shine at Low usage concentrations– underlining product quality and performance. Add value to shampoos, liquid hand soaps, nourishing conditioners and moisturizing washes.

Henkel uses Perlogen SF 3000 to achieve a high brilliance pearlescent shine for several of its brand shampoo ranges including Schwarzkopf, Bonacure, Schauma and Gliss Kur.

Perlogen SF 3000 is an decoloring agent.

Advantages of Perlogen SF 3000:
Pigments > Pearlescing Agents (Polymers)

Perlogen SF 3000 is bio-based.
Perlogen SF 3000 is vegan.
Perlogen SF 3000 has proper smoothness.

Perlogen SF 3000 has silky feel.
Perlogen SF 3000 has vegetal origin.
Perlogen SF 3000 has good shine / radiance.

Perlogen SF 3000 has low use concentration.
Perlogen SF 3000 is cold-processable.

Perlogen SF 3000 is sulfate-free.
Perlogen SF 3000 is easy to use.

Perlogen SF 3000 has pearlizing effect.
Perlogen SF 3000 has excellent emulsifying and cleaning properties.

Perlogen SF 3000 has resistance to acids, hard water and partly to alkalis.
Perlogen SF 3000 has strong degreasing properties.

Perlogen SF 3000 is compatible with non-ionic, anionic and cationic surfactants.
Perlogen SF 3000 is biodegradable.


Perlogen SF 3000 can be used as pearlant.
Perlogen SF 3000 can be used as pearling agent.
Perlogen SF 3000 is a good pearlizer.

Perlogen SF 3000 is used in shower, liquid Soap
Perlogen SF 3000 is used in shampoo.
Perlogen SF 3000 is used for smoothing purposes.


Some uses of Perlogen SF 3000:

Agents for washing
Care and styling hair (shampoos, conditioners, gels, mousse, sprays)
Make-up products (foundations, fluids, mascaras, eye liners, lipsticks)
Face cleaning and care products (facial cleansing gels)
Scrubs
Moisturizing creams
Anti-acne creams
Anti-ageing creams
Eye creams
Body wash products
Hand creams
Foot creams
Antiperspirants
Shaving preparations
Sunscreens
Liquid soaps
Household detergents
Raw material for obtaining anionic surfactants
Non-ionic component of emulsifiers
Removes oil stains from hard surfaces
Knitted and woven fabrics
Bleaching baths in textile industry
Detergent baths after dyeing knitted/woven fabrics


Perlogen SF 3000 can be used as an antistatic agent and emulsifier in cosmetics.
However, Perlogen SF 3000 has a high possibility of causing skin irritation and acne.
Perlogen SF 3000 is a defoamer, and it is non-toxic, odorless, non-irritating, and has a hard water and acid and alkali resistance.

Perlogen SF 3000 is an excellent compatibility.
Also the antifoaming performance of Perlogen SF 3000 is quite good.



DESCRIPTION


Perlogen SF 3000 is a cold processable, sulfate-free liquid pearlizing concentrate that delivers an intensive silky shine at low use concentration levels (0.5% - 3%).
Perlogen SF 3000 is for use in skin and hair cleansing formulations.

Perlogen SF 3000 is cold-processable, sulfate-free and easy to use grade.
Perlogen SF 3000 delivers excellent silky shine at low use concentrations underlining quality and performance.

Perlogen SF 3000 exhibits high mechanical stability and good smoothing effect.
Perlogen SF 3000 is based on natural and renewable resources and has low water and energy consumption.

Perlogen SF 3000 is used in shower, liquid soap, shampoo, moisturizing facial and body washes.
Perlogen SF 3000 has a shelf life of atleast 2 years.

Perlogen SF 3000 is a pumpable silk luster/pearlizing agent for the cosmetic industry.
Perlogen SF 3000 is a cold-processable, sulfate-free liquid pearlizing concentrate for rinse-off products including silky shampoos, liquid hand soaps, nourishing conditioners as well as moisturizing facial and body washes.
Perlogen SF 3000 delivers an intensive silky shine at low use concentration levels, underlining product quality and performance.
The consistent appearance of Perlogen SF 3000 provides a versatile ingredient to the formulator.
Perlogen SF 3000 is easy to handle and develop different formulations.



PROPERTIES


Appearance: white, pearlized gel
pH-value: 4.8-5.2
Viscosity: N/A
Stability: Stable for 3 months at 4°C, 20°C and 40°C,
1 month at 45°C
Appearance : viscous liquid
Colour : white
Odour : characteristic
Odour Threshold : not determined
pH : 3,0 - 4,5 (25 °C)
Concentration: 10 %
Method: DIN EN 1262
Solidification point : ca. 0 °C
Data relate to solvent
Boiling point : approx. 100 °C
Based on water-content.
Flash point : not determined
Evaporation rate : not determined
Self-ignition : no data available
Upper explosion limit / upper
flammability limit
: not determined
Lower explosion limit / Lower
flammability limit
: not determined
Vapour pressure : ca. 0,9 kPa
Relative vapour density : no data available
Density : ca. 0,946 g/cm3 (40 °C)
Method: DIN 51757
Solubility(ies)
Water solubility : dispersible
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water : Not applicable
Auto-ignition temperature : not determined
Decomposition temperature : ca. 200 °C
Method: DSC
Viscosity
Viscosity, dynamic : < 10,000 mPa.s
Method: Brookf-Visc.RVT Sp.5
Viscosity, kinematic : no data available
Metal corrosion rate : Not corrosive to metals
Particle size : Not applicable



FIRST AID


General advice:

Remove/ Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training.
If it is suspected that fumes are still present, the rescuer should wear an appropriate mask or self-contained breathing apparatus.

It may be dangerous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
Wash contaminated clothing thoroughly with water before removing it, or wear gloves.


If inhaled:

If inhaled, remove to fresh air.
Get medical advice/ attention.

Get medical attention immediately.
Call a poison center or physician.
Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.

If it is suspected that fumes are still present, the rescuer should wear an appropriate mask or self-contained breathing apparatus.
If not breathing, if breathing is irregular or if respiratory arrest occurs, provide artificial respiration or oxygen by trained personnel.

It may be dangerous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
If unconscious, place in recovery position and get medical attention immediately.

Maintain an open airway.
Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.


In case of skin contact:

Wash off immediately with plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
Get medical attention immediately.

Call a poison center or physician.
Flush contaminated skin with plenty of water.

Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Wash contaminated clothing thoroughly with water before removing it, or wear gloves.
Continue to rinse for at least 10 minutes.

Chemical burns must be treated promptly by a physician.
Wash clothing before reuse.
Clean shoes thoroughly before reuse.


In case of eye contact:

Rinse immediately with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15 minutes.
Get medical attention immediately. Call a poison center or physician.

Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids.
Check for and remove any contact lenses.
Continue to rinse for at least 10 minutes.

Chemical burns must be treated promptly by a physician.
Consult a physician.


If swallowed:

Get medical attention immediately.
Call a poison center or physician.

Wash out mouth with water.
Remove dentures if any.
Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.

If material has been swallowed and the exposed person is conscious, give small quantities of water to drink.
Stop if the exposed person feels sick as vomiting may be dangerous.

Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel
If vomiting occurs, the head should be kept low so that vomit does not enter the lungs.
Chemical burns must be treated promptly by a physician.

Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
If unconscious, place in recovery position and get medical attention immediately.

Maintain an open airway.
Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Put on appropriate personal protective equipment.
Do not get in eyes or on skin or clothing.

Do not breathe vapor or mist.
Do not ingest.
Avoid release to the environment.

If during normal use the material presents a respiratory hazard, use only with adequate ventilation or wear appropriate respirator.
Keep in the original container or an approved alternative made from a compatible material, kept tightly closed when not in use.

Empty containers retain product residue and can be hazardous.
Do not reuse container.
Eating, drinking and smoking should be prohibited in areas where this material is handled, stored and processed.

Workers should wash hands and face before eating, drinking and smoking.
Remove contaminated clothing and protective equipment before entering eating areas.

Store in accordance with local regulations.
Store in original container protected from direct sunlight in a dry, cool and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible materials and food and drink.

Store locked up.
Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use.

Containers that have been opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Do not store in unlabeled containers.
Use appropriate containment to avoid environmental contamination.

Handle and open container with care.


Further information on storage conditions:

Protect from extreme heat and cold because Perlogen SF 3000 is sensitive to frost
In case of the product becoming opaque, thickening or being frozen due to the effects of cold, allow to thaw slowly at room temperature.
Stir Perlogen SF 3000 briefly before use.



SYNONYMS


AQUA
GLYCOL DISTEARATE
LAURETH-4
COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE
Alcohols
C12-14
ethoxylated
Polyoxyethylene Lauryl Ether
Ethoxylated Lauryl Alcohol
Polyoxyethylene Lauryl Alcohol
Polyethylene glycol dodecyl ether
Polyethylene Glycol Lauryl Ether
Alcohols
C12-14
ethoxylated
Dehydol LS 2
Syntanol ES 3
Penetrant JFC
Synperonic L 7
Syntanol ALM 8
Tergitol 24L50
Tergitol 24L92
Surfonic L 24-2
Surfonic L 24-9
Surfonic L 24-22
Surfonic L 24-3
Surfonic L 24-7
Surfonic L 24-9
Synperonic L 11
Synperonic L 7
Syntanol ALM 10
Syntanol ALM 8
Syntanol ES 3
Tergitol 24L50
Tergitol 24L60N
Tergitol 24L75N
Tergitol 24L92
Tergitol 24L98N
Dehydol LS 2
Hansanolat FA 1214/2
Hansanolat FA 1214/7
Surfonic L 24-3
Surfonic L 24-2
Syntanol ALM 10
Syntanol ES 3
AEO-9
Synperonic L 7
Alcohols
C12-14(even numbered)
ethoxylated
Tergitol 24L50
Tergitol 24L92
Tergitol 24L98N
Syntanol ALM 8
Tergitol 24L60N
Surfonic L 24-7
Surfonic L 24-22
Surfonic L 24-9
Synperonic L 11
C12-14 Fatty alcohols ethoxylated
Tergitol 24L75N;
Permanent Red FGR 70
Ethaneperoxoic Acid; Peroxyacetic Acid; Acetyl Hydroperoxide; Peressigsäure; ácido peracético; Acide peracétique CAS:79-21-0
PERMETHRIN
BENZOYL PEROXIDE, N° CAS : 94-36-0 - Peroxyde de benzoyle, Nom INCI : BENZOYL PEROXIDE, Nom chimique : Dibenzoyl peroxide, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 202-327-6;Additif alimentaire : E928, Agent Oxydant : Modifie la nature chimique d'une autre substance en ajoutant de l'oxygène ou en éliminant l'hydrogène. Principaux synonymes. Noms français : BENZOIC ACID, PEROXIDE BENZOPEROXIDE; Benzoyl peroxide; BENZOYL SUPEROXIDE; DIBENZOYL PEROXIDE; Peroxyde de benzoyle; PEROXYDE DE DIBENZOYLE. Noms anglais : Benzoyl peroxide.Famille chimique; Peroxyde organique; Utilisation: Agent de blanchiment, agent oxydant; Benzoyl peroxide; Benzoyl peroxide; dibenzoyl peroxide; benzoyl peroxide; bensoylperoxid (sv); bensoüülperoksiid (et); bentsoyyliperoksidi (fi); benzoil peroksid (hr); benzoil-peroxid (hu); benzoile perossido (it); benzoilperoksidas (lt); benzoilperoksīds (lv); benzoylperoksid (no); benzoylperoxid (da); benzoylperoxide (nl); dibensoylperoxid (sv); dibensoüülperoksiid (et); Dibentsoyyliperoksidi (fi); dibenzoil peroksid (hr); dibenzoil-peroxid (hu); Dibenzoilperoksidas (lt); dibenzoilperoksīds (lv); dibenzoylperoksid (no); dibenzoylperoxid (cs); dibenzoylperoxide (nl); nadtlenek benzoilowy (pl); nadtlenek dibenzoilowy (pl); perossido di dibenzoile (it); peroxid de benzoil (mt); peroxid de dibenzoil (mt); peroxyde de benzoyle (fr); peroxyde de dibenzoyle (fr); peróxido de benzoílo (es); peróxido de dibenzoílo (es); Ββενζοϋλυπεροξείδιο (el); Δδιβενζοϋλυπεροξείδιο (el); бензоил пероксид (bg); дибензоил пероксид (bg); Methanone, 1,1'-dioxybis[1-phenyl-; AKPEROX BP75 POWDER; benzoyl benzenecarboperoxoate; Benzoyl peroxide (BPO); Benzoyl Peroxide (wetted with ca. 25% Water); dibenzoyl peroxide (upper limit: 77% w/w; typical concentration: 75% w/w); diphenylperoxyanhydride; LUPEROX A75; Peroxide, dibenzoyl; Benzoic acid, peroxide; Benzoperoxide; Benzoyl peroxide, remainder water; Benzoyl Superoxide; NOVIPER BP; Perkadox L-W75
PERMETHRİN
CAS Number: 52645-53-1
Formula: C21H20Cl2O3
Molar mass: 391.29 g·mol−1
Permethrin



APPLICATIONS


Permethrin, a pyrethroid, is active against a broad range of pests including lice, ticks, fleas, mites, and other arthropods.
Further, Permethrin is an insecticide in the pyrethroid family.

Permethrin is a synthetic chemical that acts like a natural extract from thflower.
Moreover, Permethrin is used in a number of ways to control insects.

Products containing permethrin may be used in public health mosprograms.
They may be used on food and feed crops, on ornamental lawns, on livestock and pets, in structures and buildings, and on clo

Permethrin may also be used in places where food is handled, such as restaurants.
More to that, Permethrin was first registered with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) in 1979, and was re-registe

Permethrin is used as an ectoparasiticide in humans and animals.
Furthermore, Permethrin is used as a nematocide, acaricide, and insecticide.
Permethrin is registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses.

The pyrethroids are the most widely used class of insecticides in wood preservation because of their broad-spectrum activity, high efficacy especially against wood boring beetle, and high resistance to leaching.
Permethrin has a potential application for forest protection and vector control for the control of noxious insects in the household and on cattle, for the control of body lice, and in mosquito nets.

Permethrin is used to treat head lice, tiny insects that infest and irritate your scalp.
Further, Permethrin is also used to help avoid infestation in people who have close contact with someone who has head lice.

Permethrin belongs to a class of drugs known as pyrethrins.
Moreover, Permethrin works by paralyzing and killing lice and their eggs (nits).
Permethrin may also be used for pubic lice.

Permethrin is available under the following different brand names: Nix, Elimite, and Acticin.


Dosage Considerations – Should be Given as Follows:


Scabies

Cream:

Apply from head to toe, leave on for 8-14 hours, rinse; may reapply in 7 days if live mites reappear.
The single application is usually curative.

Head Lice and Nits (Eggs)

Lotion/cream rinse/liquid:

Apply to washed hair, leave on 10 minutes, rinse and comb out nits and eggs; may repeat in 7 days if lice or nits still present.
The single application is usually curative.


Uses of Permethrin:

Insecticide:

In agriculture, to protect crops (a drawback is that it is lethal to bees)
In agriculture, to kill livestock parasites
For industrial and domestic insect control
In the textile industry, to prevent insect attack of woollen products

In aviation, the WHO, IHR and ICAO require arriving aircraft be disinsected prior to embarkation, departure, descent, or deplaning in certain countries. Aircraft disinsection with permethrin-based products is recommended only prior to embarkation.
Prior to departure (after boarding), at the top of descent or on arrival, d-phenothrin-based (1R-trans phenothrin) aircraft insecticides are recommended.

Insect repellent:

As a personal protective measure, permethrin is applied to clothing.
Permethrin is a cloth impregnant, notably in mosquito nets and field wear.
Note that while permethrin may be marketed as an insect repellent, it doesn't prevent insects from landing.

Instead Permethrin works by incapacitating or killing insects before they can bite.
In pet flea preventive collars or treatment (safe for use on dogs but not cats)

In timber treatment:

Pest control / effectiveness and persistence:

In agriculture, permethrin is mainly used on cotton, wheat, maize, and alfalfa crops.
Its use is controversial because, as a broad-spectrum chemical, Permethrin kills indiscriminately; as well as the intended pests, it can harm beneficialinsects, including honey bees, as well as cats and aquatic life.

Permethrin kills ticks and mosquitoes on contact with treated clothing.
A method of reducing deer tick populations by treating rodent vectors involves stuffing biodegradable cardboard tubes with permethrin-treated cotton.
Mice collect the cotton for lining their nests.

Permethrin on the cotton instantly kills any immature ticks feeding on the mice.
Permethrin is used in tropical areas to prevent mosquito-borne disease such as dengue fever and malaria.
Mosquito nets used to cover beds may be treated with a solution of permethrin.

This increases the effectiveness of the bed net by killing parasitic insects before they are able to find gaps or holes in the net.
Personnel working in malaria-endemic areas may be instructed to treat their clothing with permethrin as well.
Permethrin is the most commonly used insecticide worldwide for the protection of wool from keratinophagous insects such as Tineolabisselliella.

Permethrin affects the neuronal membrane by blocking the movement of sodium ions from outside to inside the neuronal cell membrane thereby disrupting the sodium channel current that regulates the polarization of the membrane.
This leads to delayed repolarization and subsequent paralysis of the nervous system.
Permethrin is used to eradicate parasites such as head lice, ticks and scabies from humans and animals.


Medical use of Permethrin:

Permethrin is available for topical use as a cream or lotion.
It is indicated for the treatment and prevention in exposed individuals of head lice and treatment of scabies.
Permethrin has an excellent safety profile; its main drawback is its cost.

For treatment of scabies:

Adults and children older than 2 months are instructed to apply the cream to the entire body from head to the soles of the feet.
Wash off the cream after 8–14 hours.

In general, one treatment is curative.
A single application of permethrin is more effective than a single oral dose of ivermectin for scabies.

In addition permethrin provides more rapid symptomatic relief than ivermectin.
When a second dose of ivermectin is days later, the efficacy between permethrin and ivermectin approach parity.

For treatment of head lice:

Apply to hair, scalp, and neck after shampooing.
Leave in for 10 minutes and rinse.
Avoid contact with eyes.

Permethrin is used in tropical areas to prevent mosquito-borne disease such as dengue fever and malaria.
Mosquito nets used to cover beds may be treated with a solution of permethrin.

This increases the effectiveness of the bed net by killing parasitic insects before they are able to find gaps or holes in the net. Personnel working in malaria-endemic areas may be instructed to treat their clothing with permethrin as well.

Permethrin is the most commonly used insecticide worldwide for the protection of wool from keratinophagous insects such as Tineola bisselliella.
To better protect soldiers from the risk and annoyance of biting insects, the British and US armies are treating all new uniforms with permethrin.

Permethrin (as well as other long-term pyrethroids) is effective over several months, in particular when used indoors.
International studies report that permethrin can be detected in house dust, in fine dust, and on indoor surfaces even years after the application.
The degradation rate of Permethrin under indoor conditions is approximately 10% after 3 months.

Resistance:

Contrary to the most common mechanism of insecticide resistance evolution – selection for preexisting, low-frequency alleles – in Aedes aegypti permethrin resistance has arisen through the mechanism common to pyrethroids and DDT known as "knockdown resistance" (kdr) mutations.


While Permethrin is manmade, it resembles naturally occurring chemicals called pyrethroids that are naturally found in chrysanthemums, which haveinsecticidal properties.
Permethrin kills many different types of insects by paralyzing the nervous system.

Permethrin works when ingested or through direct contact and kills adults, eggs, and larvae.
Further, Permethrin lasts up to 12 weeks post application.



DESCRIPTION


Permethrin is a synthetic broad-spectrum insecticide classified as one of the oldest organic insecticides.
Furthermore, Permethrin is a pyrethroid insecticide commonly used in the treatment of lice infestations and scabies.
Permethrin is an insecticide used to prevent infestation with Sarcoptes scabiei (scabies).

Permethrin is a medication and an insecticide.
As a medication, Permethrin is used to treat scabies and lice.

Permethrin is applied to the skin as a cream or lotion.
As an insecticide, Permethrin can be sprayed onto clothing or mosquito nets to kill the insects that touch them.

Side effects of Permethrin include rash and irritation at the area of use.
Use of Permethrin during pregnancy appears to be safe.
Permethrin is approved for use on and around people over the age of two months.

Permethrin is in the pyrethroid family of medications.
Further, Permethrin works by disrupting the function of the neurons of lice and scabies mites
Permethrin was discovered in 1973.

Permethrin is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
In 2020, Permethrin was the 427th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 100 thousand prescriptions.
Permethrin is a widely-used pesticide of the pyrethroid family.

Permethrin interacts with voltage-gated Na+ channels and inhibits their natural deactivation, causing the channels to remain open for a long time and destroying equilibrium of the neuronal system.
More specifically, Permethrin is known to delay channel deactivation of the NaV1.8 channel expressed in X.

Pyrethroids such as Permethrin are also thought to interact with GABA receptors and associated pathways.
Compared to mammalian sodium channels, Permethrin is at least 100 times more potent against insect sodium channels.

This medication is used to treat scabies, a condition caused by tiny insects called mites that infest and irritate your skin.
Permethrin belongs to a class of drugs known as pyrethrins.
Furthermore, Permethrin works by paralyzing and killing the mites and their eggs.

Permethrin is a pale brown liquid.
Moreover, Permethrin is relatively water insoluble.
Permethrin is used as an insecticide.

Permethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid and neurotoxin.

Permethrin affects the neuronal membrane by blocking the movement of sodium ions from outside to inside the neuronal cell membrane thereby disrupting the sodium channel current that regulates the polarization of the membrane.
This leads to delayed repolarization and subsequent paralysis of the nervous system.
Permethrin is used to eradicate parasites such as head lice, ticks and scabies from humans and animals.

Permethrin is a cyclopropanecarboxylate ester in which the esterifying alcohol is 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol and the cyclopropane ring is substituted with a 2,2-dichlorovinyl group and with gem-dimethyl groups.

Permethrin has a role as a pyrethroid ester insecticide, a pyrethroid ester acaricide, an agrochemical, an ectoparasiticide and a scabicide.
More to that, Permethrin is a member of cyclopropanes and a cyclopropanecarboxylate ester.
Permethrin is functionally related to a 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid.



PROPERTIES


Molecular Weight: 391.3
XLogP3: 6.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 7
Exact Mass: 390.0789499
Monoisotopic Mass: 390.0789499
Topological Polar Surface Area: 35.5 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 26
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 521
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 2
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Density: 1.19 g/cm3, solid g/cm3
Melting point: 34 °C (93 °F)
Boiling point: 200 °C (392 °F)



FIRST AID


Description of first aid measures:

General information:

Symptoms of poisoning may even occur after several hours; therefore medical observation for at least 48 hours after the accident.


After inhalation:

Supply fresh air and to be sure call for a doctor.
In case of unconsciousness place patient stably in side position for transportation.


After skin contact:

Immediately wash with water and soap and rinse thoroughly.


After eye contact:

Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water.


After swallowing:

Immediately call a doctor.


Information for doctor:

Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed:

May cause anemia, cough, CNS depression, drowsiness, headache, heart damage, lassitude
(weakness, exhaustion), liver damage, narcosis, reproductive effects, teratogenic effects.
No further relevant information available.


Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:

No further relevant information available




HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling

Precautions for safe handling:

Thorough dedusting.

Ensure good ventilation/exhaustion at the workplace.


Information about protection against explosions and fires:

No special measures required.


Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities


Storage:

Requirements to be met by storerooms and receptacles:
No special requirements.

Information about storage in one common storage facility:
Not required.

Further information about storage conditions:
Keep receptacle tightly sealed.

Specific end use(s):
No further relevant information available.



SYNONYMS


Permethrin
52645-53-1
Ambush
Transpermethrin
Pounce
Elimite
Imperator
NRDC-143
(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate
UNII-509F88P9SZ
Hemoglobin atlanta-coventry
(+)-trans-Permethrin
Permethrine
Permetrina
Acticin
Ambushfog
Corsair
Dragnet
Ectiban
Kaleait
Kestrel
Outflank
Perigen
Permasect
Perthrine
Stomoxin
Stomozan
Coopex
Eksmin
Picket
Expar
Kafil
Kavil
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester
Anomethrin N
Ridect pour-on
CHEBI:34911
509F88P9SZ
1RS cis-Permethrin
52341-32-9
1RS,cis-Permethrin
NCGC00159390-02
1RS-trans-Permethrin
Kudos
Transpermethrin [ISO]
(+-)-cis-Permethrin
DSSTox_CID_2292
3-phenoxybenzyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
trans-(+-)-Permethrin
DSSTox_RID_76537
DSSTox_GSID_22292
3-(2,2-Dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid, (3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl ester
Permethrinum
S-3151
Chinetrin
Ecsumin
Efmethrin
Indothrin
Lyclear
NRDC 146
NRDC 148
Quamlin
Stomoxi
Cosair
Exmin
Exsmin
Ipitox
SBP-1513
(+-)-trans-Permethrin
Permethrine,c&t
(+-)-cis-Fmc 33297
Diffusil H
Insorbcid MP
Stomoxin P
Outflank-stockade
Perigen W
Dragnet FT
Picket G
Permethrin,racemic
[3-(phenyloxy)phenyl]methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
Mitin BC
Permanone 80
Permasect-25EC
FMC 35171
93389-07-2
SMR000778043
Kestrel (pesticide)
LE 79-519
Antiborer 3768
CAS-52645-53-1
Bematin 987
NRDC 143
Permethrinum [Latin]
Permetrin (Hungarian)
Permitrene (Hungarian)
Permetrina [Portuguese]
HSDB 6790
m-Phenoxybenzyl 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
BW-21-Z
S 3151
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester, (1R-trans)-
OMS 1821
Hb Atlanta-coventry
EINECS 258-067-9
Elimite (TN)
FMC 41655
Hb At-Co
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 109701
JF 7065
BRN 2063148
WL 43479
AI3-29158
Permethrin (USAN/INN)
CHEMBL1525
SCHEMBL26543
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester, cis-(+-)-
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester, trans-(+-)-
MLS001332525
MLS001332526
Permethrin [ANSI:BSI:ISO]
Permethrin cis/trans ~ 1:1
Permethrin, analytical standard
DTXSID8022292
SCHEMBL15218274
HMS2232L22
HMS3264N07
HMS3369D10
Pharmakon1600-01504932
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester, (1R,3S)-rel-
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester, (1R-cis)-
HY-B0887
3-Phenoxybenzyl (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
3-Phenoxybenzyl(+-)-cis, trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate
m-Phenoxybenzyl (+-)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
m-Phenoxybenzyl (+1)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
Permethrin 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane
Permethrin 100 microg/mL in Cyclohexane
(3-Phenoxyphenyl)methyl (+-)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
3-(Phenoxyphenyl)methyl (+-)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
52341-33-0
Permethrin (isomers), analytical standard
DB-052153
Total Permethrin 100 microg/mL in Acetone
Permethrin, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard
D05443
AB00918441_05
645P531
Q411635
J-523915
Permethrin (25:75), EuropePharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
(1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclo-propanecarboxylate
3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)3,3-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
3-Phenoxybenzyl 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropanecarboxylate
(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxyl ate
3-phenoxybenzyl (1RS)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
m-phenoxybenzyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-(2',2'-dichlorovinyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylate
Permethrin for system suitability, EuropePharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
(3-Phenoxyphenyl)methyl (+-)cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
(3-Phenoxyphenyl)methyl (+/-)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, 3-phenoxybenzyl ester, (+-)-, (cis,trans)-
Tox21_111627
Tox21_201586
Tox21_300691
(CIS+TRANS)-3-PHENOXYBENZYL 3-(2,2-DICHLOROETHENYL)-2,2-DIMETHYLCYCLOPROPANECARBOXYLATE
3-phenoxybenzyl (1RS)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)- 2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
3-phenoxybenzyl (1RS)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
3-phenoxybenzyl (1RS)-cis-trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
3-phenoxybenzyl (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
3-phenoxybenzyl 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
[3-(phenoxy)phenyl]methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate
[3-(phenyloxy)phenyl]methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid *3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (3-phenoxyphenyl)methylester
m-phenoxybenzyl (1RS,3RS,1SR,3SR-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
m-Phenoxybenzyl 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
m-phenoxybenzyl 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
Permethrin
permethrin
permethrin (ISO
permethrin (ISO)
(1RS)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichlorowinylo)-2,2-dimetylocyklopropanokarboksylan 3-fenoksybenzylu (pl)
(1RS,3RS;1RS,3RS)-3-(2,2-dichlorowinylo)-2,2-dimetylocyklopropanokarboksylan 3-fenoksybenzylu (permetryna) (pl)
(1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-diméthylcyclopropanecarboxylate de 3-phénoxybenzyle (perméthrine) (fr)
(1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-Diclorovinil)-2,2-dimetilciclopropanocarboxilato de 3-fenoxibencilo (permetrina) (es)
(1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-diclorovinil)-2,2-dimetilciclopropanocarboxilato de 3-fenoxibenzilo (permetrina) (pt)
(1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-διχλωροβινυλο)-2,2-διμεθυλοκυκλοπροπανοκαρβοξυλικό 3-φαινοξυβενζύλιο (Permethrin/Περμεθρίνη) (el)
(3-fenoxybenzyl)-3-(2,2-dichlóretenyl)-2,2-dimetylcyklopropánkarboxylát (permetrín) (sk)
3-(2,2-diclorovinil)-2,2-dimetilciclopropancarbossilato di m-fenossibenzile (it)
3-(2,2-diclorovinil)-2,2-dimetilciclopropanocarboxilato de m-fenoxibencilo (es)
3-(2,2-diclorovinil)-2,2-dimetilciclopropanocarboxilato de m-fenoxibenzilo (pt)
3-(2,2-διχλωροβινυλ)-2,2-διμεθυλκυκλοπροπανιοκαρβοξυλικό m-φαινοξυβενζύλιο (el)
3-fenoksibentsyyli-(1RS, 3RS; 1RS, 3SR)-3-(2,2-dikloorivinyyli)-2,2-dimetyylisyklopropaanikarboksylaatti (permetriini) (fi)
3-fenoksibenzil (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dichlorvinil)-2,2-dimetilciklopropankarboksilatas (permetrinas) (lt)
3-fenoksibenzil (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-diklorovinil)-2,2-dimetilciklopropankarboksilat (permetrin) (sl)
3-fenoksibenzil 3-(2,2-diklorovinil)-2,2-dimetilciklopropankarboksilat (sl)
3-Fenoksibenzil(1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dihlorvinil)-2,2-dimetilciklopropānkarboksilāts (permetrīns) (lv)
3-fenoksübensüül-(1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-diklorovinüül)-2,2-dimetüültsüklopropaankarboksülaat (permetriin) (et)
3-fenossibenzil-(1RS)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-diclorovinile)-2,2 dimetilciclopropano carbossilato (Permetrina) (it)
3-fenoxibensyl-(1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-diklorovinyl)-2,2-dimetylcyklopropankarboxylat (Permetrin) (sv)
3-fenoxibenzil (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-diclorovinil)-2,2-dimetilciclopropancarboxilat (Permetrin) (ro)
3-fenoxibenzil (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-diklórvinil)-2,2-dimetil-ciklopropán-karboxilát (Permetrin) (hu)
3-fenoxibenzyl-3-(2,2-diklorvinyl-2-dimetylcyklopropankarbamatoxilat (sv)
3-Fenoxybenzyl(1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dichloorvinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropaancarboxylaat (permethrin) (nl)
3-fenoxybenzyl(1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dichlorvinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyklopropankarboxylát (permethrin) (cs)
3-fenoxybenzyl-[3-(2,2-dichlorvinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyklopropan-1-karboxylát] (cs)
3-phenoxybenzyl (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate (Permethrin) (no)
3-Phenoxybenzyl (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dichlorvinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropancarboxylat (Permethrin) (de)
3-phenoxybenzyl-(1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dichlorvinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropancarboxylat (permethrin) (da)
3-феноксибензилов (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-дихлоровинил)-2,2-диметилциклопропанкарбоксилат (перметрин) (bg)
m-Fenoksibentsyyli-3-(2,2-dikloorivinyyli)-2,2-dimetyylisyklopropaanikarboksylaatti (fi)
m-fenoksibenzil 3-(2,2-diklorovinil)-2,2-dimetilciklopropankarboksilat (hr)
m-fenoksibenzil-3(2,2-dihlorvinil)-2,2-dimetilciklopropānkarboksilāts (lv)
m-fenoksibenzil-3-(2,2-dichlorvinil)-2,2-dimetilciklopropankarboksilatas (lt)
m-fenoksybenzyl-3-(2,2-diklorvinyl)-2,2-dimetylcyklopropankarboksylat (no)
m-fenoksübensüül-3-(2,2-diklorovinüül)-2,2- dimetüültsüklopropaankarboksülaat (et)
m-Fenossibenżil (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-diklorovinil)-2,2-dimetilċiklopropankarbossilat (Permetrin) (mt)
m-fenoxibenzil 3-(2,2-diclorovinil)-2,2-dimetilciclopropan-carboxilat (ro)
m-fenoxibenzil-3-(2,2-diklórvinil)-2,2-dimetilciklopropánkarboxilát (hu)
m-fenoxybenzyl-3-(2,2-dichloorvinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropaancarboxylaat (nl)
m-phenoxybenzyl-3-(2,2-dichlorvinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropancarboxylat (da)
m-Phenoxybenzyl-3-(2,2-dichlorvinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropancarboxylat (de)
m-феноксибензил 3-(2,2-дихлоровинил)-2,2-диметилциклопропанкарбоксилат (bg)
O-(3-fenoxybenzyl)-3-(2,2-dichlórvinyl)-2,2-dimetylcyklopropánkarboxylát (sk)
permethrin (ISO) (cs)
permethrin (ISO) (da)
Permethrin (ISO) (de)
permethrin (ISO) (el)
permethrin (ISO) (nl)
permetriin (ISO) (et)
Permetrin (hr)
permetrin (no)
permetrin (ISO) (hr)
permetrin (ISO) (hu)
permetrin (ISO) (ro)
permetrin (ISO) (sl)
permetrin (ISO) (sv)
permetrina (ISO) (es)
permetrina (ISO) (pt)
permetrinas (ISO) (lt)
permetrine (ISO) (it)
permetryna (ISO) (pl)
permetrín (ISO) (sk)
permetrīns (ISO) (lv)
perméthrine (ISO) (fr)
perméthrine (ISO);3-(2,2-dichorovinyl)-2,2-diméthylcyclopropanecarboxylate de m-phénoxybenzyle (fr)
перметрин (ISO) (bg)
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester
PEROXYACETIC ACID (PERACETIC ACID)
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), is an organic chemical compound used in numerous applications, including chemical disinfectant in healthcare, sanitizer in the food industry, and disinfectant during water treatment.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), is a strong oxidizing agent and disinfectant.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor and is highly reactive due to its peroxide and carboxylic acid functional groups.

CAS Number: 79-21-0
Molecular Formula: C2H4O3
Molecular Weight: 76.05
EINECS Number: 201-186-8

Synonyms: PERACETIC ACID, Peroxyacetic acid, Ethaneperoxoic acid, 79-21-0, Estosteril, Acetic peroxide, Peroxoacetic acid, Acetyl hydroperoxide, Monoperacetic acid, Osbon AC, Proxitane 4002, Desoxon 1, Ethaneperoxic acid, Hydroperoxide, acetyl, Acide peracetique, Acido peroxiacetico, Acecide, Proxitane, Caswell No. 644, Peroxy acetic acid, Acide peroxyacetique, Kyselina peroxyoctova, CCRIS 686, HSDB 1106, UNII-I6KPI2E1HD, I6KPI2E1HD, peroxy-acetic acid, EINECS 201-186-8, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 063201, BRN 1098464, DTXSID1025853, CHEMBL444965, DTXCID805853, CHEBI:42530, EC 201-186-8, 4-02-00-00390 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), NCGC00166305-01, PERACETIC ACID (MART.), PERACETIC ACID [MART.], Oxypel, Perethanoic Acid, Proxitane S, Acide peracetique [French], Proxitane 12A, F50, Acide peroxyacetique [French], Acido peroxiacetico [Spanish], Kyselina peroxyoctova [Czech], Proxitane 1507, LCAP, Aceticperoxide, Ethanperoxsaure, Peressigsaure, Bactipal, Oxymaster, Soproper, acetyldioxidanyl, Dialox, peractic acid, Peroxyessigsaure, Peroxyethansaure, Sekusept steril, Acetic peroxid, per-acetic acid, Acido peracetico, Peroxacetic acid, Acid, Peracetic, Peraflu D, acetic acid oxide, TLCUO Phytoncide, peroxyethanoic acid, PU US Phytoncide, Acid, Peroxyacetic, AcOOH, Acecide (TN), Acid, Peroxyethanoic, GPES, JOYCARE, UNICARE, Wofasteril E 400, CLEAN WORKS, TLCUO LEMON, CARE PLUS, TLCUO PURE, PU US LEMON, PU US PURE, CH3CO2OH, WECLEAN C2 TLCUO, Ethaneperoxoic acid, 9CI, CH3C(O)OOH, BACTERIA ZERO PREMIUM, PERACETIC ACID [MI], PERACETIC ACID [HSDB], PERACETIC ACID [WHO-DD], DTXSID40957943, peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), BLOWHALE DEODORANT SENITIZER, Tox21_112402, BDBM50266095, Peroxyacetic acid, >43% and with >6% hydrogen peroxide [Forbidden], AKOS015837803, DB14556, CAS-79-21-0, USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 063201, NS00001663, D03467, EN300-173399, Dr.Vir Germ Peroxyacetic acid Multi-disinfectant, Q375140, Peroxyacetic acid, >43% and with >6% hydrogen peroxide.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) has a role as an oxidising agent and a disinfectant.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is functionally related to an acetic acid.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a mixture of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in an aqueous solution.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a very strong oxidizing agent and has stronger oxidation potential than chlorine or chlorine dioxide.
Liquid, clear, and colorless with no foaming capability.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) has a strong pungent acetic acid odor, and the pH is acid.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is produced by reacting acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide.
The reaction is allowed to continue for up to 10 days in order to achieve high yields of product.
Additional methods of preparation involve the oxidation of acetaldehyde or alternatively as an end product of the reaction of acetic anhydride, hydrogen peroxide, and sulfuric acid.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is formed by the reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid or a strong acid catalyst.
Produced by reacting acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide with an acid catalyst, peracetic acid is always sold in stabilized solutions containing acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and water.
For the food and healthcare industries, peracetic acid is typically sold in concentrates of 1 to 5 percent and is diluted before use.

Since the early 1900s, chlorine has been used as a water disinfectant.
Another method involves the reaction of tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) in the presence of an alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) colorless liquid with a strong, pungent acrid odor.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used as a bactericide and fungicide, especially in food processing; as a reagent in making caprolactam and glycerol; as an oxidant for preparing epoxy compounds; as a bleaching agent; a sterilizing agent; and as a polymerization catalyst for polyester resins.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is an organic peroxide based, colorless liquid with a low pH and a strong, pungent, vinegar-like odor.
In the concentrated form it is highly corrosive and unstable.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is formed from the reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide.
Commercial Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) products contain all three chemicals in an aqueous solution often with stabilizers added.
The concentration of Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) as the active ingredient, as well as the mixture of the other ingredients, can vary widely.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used in food and beverage industries as well as hospitals, health care and pharmaceutical facilities as an antimicrobial agent, surface cleaner and sanitizer.
In many meat and poultry establishments Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used on carcasses, parts, trim and organs to reduce bacterial contamination and foot spoilage.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be applied by a variety of methods including spray cabinet, dip tank, hand spray pump and chiller.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO3H.
This peroxy acid is a colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor reminiscent of acetic acid.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be highly corrosive.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a weaker acid than the parent acetic acid, with a pKa of 8.2.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is produced industrially by the autoxidation of acetaldehyde: O2 + CH3CHO → CH3CO3H
In the presence of a strong acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid, acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide produce peracetic acid: H2O2 + CH3CO2H ⇌ CH3CO3H + H2O

However, in concentrations (3-6%) of vinegar and hydrogen peroxide marketed for household use, mixing without a strong acid catalyst will not form peracetic acid.
As an alternative, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) and acetic anhydride can be used to generate a solution of the acid with lower water content.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is generated in situ by some laundry detergents.

This is achieved by the action of bleach activators, such as tetraacetylethylenediamine and sodium nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate, upon hydrogen peroxide formed from sodium percarbonate in water.
The peracetic acid is a more effective bleaching agent than hydrogen peroxide itself.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is also formed naturally in the environment through a series of photochemical reactions involving formaldehyde and photo-oxidant radicals.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is always sold in solution as a mixture with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to maintain its stability.
The concentration of the acid as the active ingredient can vary.
Although less active than more acidic peracids (e.g., m-CPBA), Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) in various forms is used for the epoxidation of various alkenes (Prilezhaev reaction).

Useful applications are for unsaturated fats, synthetic and natural rubbers, and some natural products such as pinene.
A variety of factors affect the amount of free acid or sulfuric acid (used to prepare the peracid).
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a combination of two important and versatile compounds: hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid.

The two chemicals combine to form a new compound, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid).
This is an equilibrium reaction where over a period of hours, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is formed in situ by assuming elements of both reagents to form the new compound.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a sanitizing agent widely used in the food and brewing industries and increasingly in the wine industry for its ability to efficiently kill microbes and sanitize surfaces “on contact”.

Despite its killing power against microbes, tank rinsing following sanitation is not required as the diluted concentrations (2.5-15%) at which it is used leaves low residual Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), found harmless to human consumption, and breaks down to form acetic acid, oxygen, and water.
The mechanism of microbicide is through the formation of hydroxyl radicals, which rapidly oxidize a variety of organic materials, including lipids, ionic protein bonds, sulfhydryl groups, and cysteine disulfide bonds (disrupting protein structure), killing cells with ruthless efficiency even at low concentrations; this is the same oxidative antimicrobial mechanism exhibited by hydrogen peroxide, but Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) has a much higher oxidative capacity at much lower concentrations.

As such, it displays efficient killing capacity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, molds, and algae at a broad temperature (≥ 34˚F) and pH range (≤ pH 8.5) (Heritage Systems).
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) diminishes these populations within one minute of contact, but is less effective at depleting bacterial biofilms on contact without prior cleaning.
Claims are made both ways as to whether acetic acid formed by the breakdown of Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is at concentrations significant to influence the acetate concentration of wine contacting unrinsed surfaces sterilized with Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid).

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), which is also known as peracetic acid or PAA, is a commonly used sanitizer in the produce industry.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) goes by many trade names, such as Sanidate 5.0, VigorOx 15 F&V, BioSide HS-15%, and Tsunami 100, all of which are a mixture of PAA, water, hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid.
Once dissolved in water, the breakdown products of Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)s are carbon dioxide, oxygen and water.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is produced from the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is an effective disinfectant and decomposes rapidly, leaving no harmful residues.
These qualities make it ideal for use in many industries such as food and beverage, health care, water treatment, pulp and paper bleaching, and agriculture.

As a result, the use of Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is increasing rapidly.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is corrosive and can irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract of people exposed in the workplace.
Inhaling Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can cause coughing, shortness of breath, and pulmonary edema.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), is a organic compound with the formula CH3CO3H.
This organic peroxide is a colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor reminiscent of acetic acid.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be highly corrosive.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) has been widely used in food, medical, and synthetic chemical fields for the past several decades.
Recently, peroxyacetic acid has gradually become an effective alternative disinfectant in wastewater disinfection and has strong redox capacity for removing micro-pollutants from drinking water.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a much weaker acid than the parent acetic acid, with a pKa of 8.2.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) as it is commonly known, is a strong oxidising agent with excellent disinfectant properties.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is an organic acid with an acrid odour, represented by the formula CH3CO3H.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a powerful sanitiser effective against bacteria and their spores, yeasts, moulds, fungi, and their spores, and viruses.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)’s sanitising action is rapid even at ambient temperatures.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is of particular use for sanitising in breweries, cordial manufacturing plant and milk handling equipment as it is non-foaming, passivates stainless steel, may be used under a carbon dioxide head, and breaks down to acetic acid and oxygen.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) functions as an oxidiser and is mainly used as a carcass wash in commercial beef processing plants.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) requires proper handling such as storage in a cool, well-ventilated area.
The approximate cost per beef or pig carcass is indicated in Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is approved by FSIS for use on beef carcasses.
In the US, the Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)-based process is approved for washing, rinsing, cooling, or otherwise processing fresh beef carcases.

The compound mixture must be no more than 0.022% Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) and 0.0075% hydrogen peroxide delivered at a maximum pressure of 1724 kPa and maximum temperature of 50°C.
However, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is not permitted under EU regulations.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is recorded under the formula CH3CO3H, which is produced by the reaction of acetic acid with hydrogen peroxide and is known by the acronym PAA.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)s main use is in the food industry as a disinfectant, as part of food and drink cleaning protocols.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is an acid with an oxidising capacity, which makes it very effective as a biocide.
This is why it is commonly used in food factories.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used to keep aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and their spores at bay, against yeasts and moulds and also against various viruses.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used at different levels as a disinfectant.
To begin with, it is used to disinfect tanks, pipes or mixers through which food passes.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is also present in the packaging process, to sanitize containers and sealing systems where food is stored for its later distribution.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), is used in numerous applications, including as a chemical disinfectant in healthcare, sanitizer in the food industry, and purifier during water treatment.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)’s an often preferred cleaning agent because it leaves no toxic residue and it is no-rinse.

Given Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)’s increasing popularity and use throughout multiple industries, more attention is now being focused on health hazards and associated risks when Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used in the workplace.
Moreover, peracetic acid’s ability to become airborne, the varying concentrations that may be used, and the relatively low occupational exposure limits (OELs) mean that if are going to use Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), there is an increased need to review company risk assessment procedures and personal protective equipment (PPE) choices for various applications of this substance.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is an effective disinfectant and sterilizing agent against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is commonly used in healthcare facilities, pharmaceutical manufacturing, food processing, and water treatment to sanitize equipment, surfaces, and wastewater.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is approved by regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), for use as a disinfectant in food processing and packaging facilities.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to control microbial contamination on food contact surfaces, equipment, and food products, ensuring food safety and extending shelf life.
In the poultry and meat processing industry, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used to disinfect and sanitize equipment, conveyor belts, packaging materials, and processing areas to prevent cross-contamination and reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses caused by pathogens such as Salmonella and E. coli.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is employed in municipal water treatment plants and industrial wastewater treatment facilities as a disinfectant and oxidizing agent.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to deactivate pathogens, neutralize odors, and control algae and biofilm formation in water distribution systems, swimming pools, and cooling towers.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used for sterilizing medical devices, surgical instruments, and laboratory equipment in healthcare settings.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) provides rapid sterilization without leaving toxic residues or requiring heat, making it suitable for heat-sensitive medical devices and equipment.

In agriculture, peracetic acid is used as a biocide and fungicide for crop protection and post-harvest treatment.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to control fungal diseases, bacterial pathogens, and mold growth on fruits, vegetables, and agricultural commodities, improving crop yield and quality.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is employed in veterinary medicine for disinfecting animal housing, equipment, and surgical instruments in veterinary clinics, animal shelters, and livestock facilities.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to prevent the spread of infectious diseases and maintain animal health.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), is an organic chemical compound (CH3CO3H) that is created by a chemical equilibrium reaction with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide in water.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a colorless liquid that has a strong vinegar like odor that can be experienced at very low levels.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a strong oxidant and is highly reactive.
However, it breaks down to acetic acid (vinegar) and water leaving no harmful residue, which makes it the chemical of choice when looking for an environmentally safe antimicrobial product.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), is a weak acid.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) belongs to the family of oxidants and is used in the pharmaceutical industry and in the medical field as an oxidant, as a disinfectant biocide or as a cold sterilant for certain medical devices.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a powerful antimicrobial agent but also a bactericide, virucide and fungicide.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is also used as a bleaching agent for textile fibres and paper pulp.

In the chemical industry, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a polymerisation initiator and cross-linking agent, for example in the manufacture of epoxy resins.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) does not exist in a pure state, it is an unstable compound present as a colourless liquid with a pungent and unpleasant odour.
Its disinfectant and antioxidant properties have been known since 1902 and its use developed in the 1950s/1960s in the food and medical sectors thanks, among other things, to the marketing of the 98% hydrogen peroxide necessary for its production.

Highly soluble in water, alcohol and ether, peracetic acid is most often produced by reacting mixed boroacetic anhydride with hydrogen peroxide.
Under conventional conditions, peracetic acid degrades to non-toxic by-products (acetic acid, oxygen and water).
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is permitted in some countries in slaughterhouses to disinfect poultry meat despite its corrosive properties to steel and other metals.

In addition to its use in food processing, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is utilized in the beverage industry for sanitizing equipment and containers used in the production of beverages such as beer, wine, and soft drinks.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to maintain hygienic conditions and prevent contamination during brewing, bottling, and packaging operations.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is applied in dairy processing facilities for cleaning and sanitizing milk processing equipment, storage tanks, and pipelines.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to eliminate bacteria, molds, and yeast that can spoil milk and dairy products, ensuring product quality and safety.
Cooling towers used in HVAC systems and industrial processes are susceptible to microbial growth, biofilm formation, and Legionella contamination.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used for disinfecting cooling water and preventing the spread of pathogens, improving the efficiency and safety of cooling tower operations.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) solutions are used for wound care and antiseptic purposes.
Dilute solutions of peracetic acid can be applied topically to disinfect wounds, ulcers, and surgical incisions, helping to prevent infections and promote wound healing.
Dental instruments and equipment require thorough sterilization to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases between patients.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)-based sterilization systems are used in dental clinics and laboratories for the rapid sterilization of dental instruments, ensuring patient safety and infection control.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is employed in the pulp and paper industry for bleaching wood pulp and deinking recycled paper.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to remove lignin, ink, and other impurities from pulp fibers, resulting in high-quality paper products with bright white appearance and improved printability.

Public spaces such as hospitals, schools, public transportation, and recreational facilities require regular disinfection to minimize the spread of infectious diseases.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) fogging or misting systems are used to disinfect large indoor areas quickly and effectively, reducing the risk of illness transmission.
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems can harbor microbial contaminants, allergens, and odors, which can affect indoor air quality.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)-based disinfectants are applied to HVAC components to kill bacteria, mold, and fungi, improving indoor air quality and occupant comfort.
In veterinary medicine, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) solutions are used for disinfecting animal premises, kennels, cages, and equipment.
They help to control the spread of infectious diseases among animals and maintain hygienic conditions in veterinary clinics, animal shelters, and farms.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is utilized for environmental decontamination and remediation of contaminated soil, water, and air.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can degrade organic pollutants, neutralize hazardous chemicals, and mitigate environmental pollution in industrial sites, brownfields, and wastewater treatment plants.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) was favored by water and wastewater industries for disinfection until several harmful disinfection by-products were discovered in chlorinated water.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a chemical product belonging to peroxide compounds such as hydrogen peroxide.
However, unlike hydrogen peroxide, it is a more potent antimicrobial agent.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) has high germicidal efficiency and sterilizing capability, and its degradation residuals are not dangerous to the environment or toxic to human health.

Until 1960, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) was of special interest to the food processing industry and actually was considered the only agent able to replace glutaraldehyde in the sterilization of surgical, medical, and odontoiatry instruments.
The actual core medical applications of Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) are its potent antimicrobial action, also at low temperatures, and the total absence of toxic residuals

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a peroxy acid that is acetic acid in which the OH group is substituted by a hydroperoxy group.
It is a versatile oxidising agent that is used as a disinfectant.
However, industrial hygienists recognize that it is also highly corrosive and a strong oxidizer, and exposure to peracetic acid can severely irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory system.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) has also previously been used during the manufacture of chemical intermediates for pharmaceuticals.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) to be versatile and effective, and professionals with environmental responsibilities consider it to be environmentally friendly due to its decomposition products, which include acetic acid, oxygen, and water.

Melting point: -44 °C
Boiling point: 105 °C
Density: 1.19 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor pressure: Low
refractive index: n20/D 1.391
Flash point: 41 °C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
pka: 8.2(at 25℃)
color: Colorless liquid
Odor: Acrid odor
Water Solubility: soluble, >=10 g/100 mL at 19 ºC
Merck: 13,7229
BRN: 1098464
Stability: Unstable - may explode on heating. May react violently with organic materials. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acetic anhydride, alkenes, organics.
LogP: -0.26 at 20℃
Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): PERACETIC ACID
FDA 21 CFR: 173.315
CAS DataBase Reference: 79-21-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 4

Containers of peracetic acid heated in a fire may explode.
Reactions involving large quantities of peracids should be carried out behind a safety shield.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)s such as peracetic acid are strong oxidizing agents and react exothermically with easily oxidized substrates.

In some cases the heat of reaction can be sufficient to induce ignition, at which point combustion is accelerated by the presence of the peracid.
Violent reactions may potentially occur, for example, with ethers, metal chloride solutions, olefins, and some alcohols and ketones.
Shock-sensitive peroxides may be generated by the action of peracids on these substances as well as on carboxylic anhydrides.

Some metal ions, including iron, copper, cobalt, chromium, and manganese, may cause runaway peroxide decomposition.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is also reportedly sensitive to light.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a mixture of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in an aqueous solution.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is the principle component of vinegar.
Hydrogen peroxide has been previously recommended by the NOSB for the National List in processing (synthetic, allowed at Austin, 1995).
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a common disinfection widely used in the food and beverage market and in the healthcare industry.

A more powerful oxidizing agent than its chlorine counterparts, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) has become increasingly popular since it was first registered as an antimicrobial substance in 1985.
As with all disinfectants, monitoring of residuals and dosing is important to ensure that levels are not too high or low.
However, unlike other common sanitizers, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is effective at weakly acidic pH levels and its efficacy is not greatly impacted by temperature.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is described as an efficient “broad spectrum biocidal agent”.
This means that it will effectively kill the majority of bacteria, including E. coli, Listeria and Salmonella which all cause food poisoning/gastrointestinal illnesses, and pseudomonas which can cause chest and blood infections.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is produced by continuously feeding acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide into an aqueous reaction medium containing a sulfuric acid catalyst.

The reaction is allowed to continue for up to ten days in order to achieve high yields of product according to the following equation.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is always sold in solution with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to maintain the stability of the chemical.
The concentration of the acid as the active ingredient can vary, and usually depends on its application.

Additional methods of preparation involve the oxidation of acetaldehyde or alternatively as an end product of the reaction of acetic anhydride, hydrogen peroxide, and sulfuric acid.
Another method involves the reaction of tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) in the presence of an alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is also formed naturally in the environment through a series of photochemical reactions involving formaldehyde and photo-oxidant radicals.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), process and production were issued a US and UK patent to FMC Corporation on March 11, 1969.
The process utilized a reactor tube vessel to blend Acetic anhydride, Hydrogen peroxide, and an Ammonia catalyst to carefully control and create an equilibrium mixture that had unique oxidative biocide properties.
The Peroxyacetic acid molecule is the one that imparts the microbiocidal activity to the mixture, and its actual concentration is the one that is diluted down for a variety of sanitizer, disinfectant, and sterilant applications in various markets.

To this day, all commercial versions of liquid Peracetic acid concentrates are an equilibrium mixture of these 3 molecules, many times including a stabilizer (ex. Sulfuric acid).
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) mixtures can contain from roughly 5% PAA up to 35% PAA with each PAA concentration having a variety of Acetic acid and Peroxide concentrations.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), is an organic compound.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a colorless liquid with a characteristic pungent odor reminiscent of household vinegar.
Commercially available Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) products contain an equilibrium of PAA, hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, and water.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a powerful antimicrobial agent due to its high oxidizing potential.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is highly effective against a broad range of microorganisms and can be sporicidal.
In addition, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) breaks down in food to safe and environmentally friendly residues (acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide), and, therefore, can be used in non-rinse food contact surface applications.
Some Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) products are effective against C. difficile spores.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is generally used only when necessary, due to its strong odor and potential damage to some surfaces.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a colorless liquid with a strong, pungent acrid odor.
Used as a bactericide and fungicide, especially in food pr reagent in making caprolactam and glycerol; as an oxidant for preparing epoxy compounds; as a bleaching agent; a sterilizing polymerization catalyst for polyester resins.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a liquid that functions as a strong oxidizing agent.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) has an acrid odor and is used as a disinfec Bleaching agent for food starch.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a component of antimicrobial washes for poultry carcasses and fruit.

Peracet known as peroxyacetic acid, or PAA), is a organic compound with the formula CH3CO3H.
This organic peroxide is a colorless liq characteristic acrid odor reminiscent of acetic acid.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be highly corrosive.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be used as a blea especially for Kraft pulp.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used at weakly acidic pH and relatively low temperature.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a relative efficient and seagent, and it is often used as an alternative to chlorine dioxide and elemental chlorine in totally chlorine free bleaching sequen Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is however relatively expensive, and is difficult to store due to its high reactivity.

Peracet weaker acid than the parent acetic acid, with a pKa of 8. 2.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is an ideal antimicrobial agent due to its high oxidizin Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is broadly effective against microorganisms and is not deactivated by catalase and peroxidase, the enzymes that hydrogen peroxide.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) also breaks down in food to safe and environmentally friendly residues (acetic acid and hyd and therefore can be used in non-rinse applications.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be used over a wide temperature range (0-40 °C), wide pH range clean-in-place (CIP) processes, in hard water conditions, and is not affected by protein residues.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) has been shown spectic function (PMID: 6180573).
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) belongs to the family of Organic Hydroperoxides.

These are organic compoun hydroperoxide functional group, with the general formula [OaO]2-.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used mainly in the food industry, where it is applied as a cleanser and as a disinfectant.
Since the early 1950`s applied for bacteria and fungi removal from fruits and vegetables.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) was also used for the disinfection of recicled rinsing wate Nowadays peracetic acid is applied for the disinfection of medical supplies and to prevent bio film formation in pulp industries during water purification as a disinfectant and for plumming disinfection.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is suitable for cooling tower water disinfection; it affectively prevents bio film formation and controls Legionella

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) as a disinfectant oxidizes the outer cell membranes of microorganisms.
The oxidation mechanism consists of el When a stronger oxidant is used, the electrons are transferred to the microorganism much faster, causing the microorganism rapidly.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be applied for the deactivation of a large variety of pathogenic microorganisms.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) also deactivates viruses a Peracetic acid activity is hardly influenced by organic compounds that are present in the water. However, pH and temperature peractetic acid activity.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is more effective when the pH value is 7 than at a pH range between 8 and 9.
At a tempe and a pH value of 7, five times more Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is required to affectively deactivate pathogens than at a pH value of 7 and a 35 °C.

When cooling tower water is tapped from a river or lake, and must be discharged into the same water body after it has been u certain discharge demands. Aditionally, the water temperature may not be too high, because warm water has a low oxygen copromotes algal growth.
This can cause fish mortality and a decrease in water biodiversity.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) has outstanding disinfectant properties.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is effective against bacteria, yeasts, molds and virus.
The reason for trapid antimicrobial effects of Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is the specific capability to penetrate through the cell membrane.
In the cell, peracirreversibly disrupts the enzyme system, which in turn leads to destruction of the microorganism.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used in food retail establishments such as supermarkets and grocery stores for disinfecting food contact surfaces, display cases, and food processing equipment.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to prevent cross-contamination and ensure the safety and quality of perishable foods.
During emergency situations such as natural disasters or water contamination events, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be used for emergency water disinfection.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) effectively kills pathogens in drinking water sources, providing a rapid and reliable method for ensuring safe drinking water supplies in crisis situations.
Laboratories in various fields, including chemistry, biology, and medical research, utilize Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) for the sterilization of laboratory glassware, equipment, and instruments.
Its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and compatibility with heat-sensitive materials make it a valuable sterilization agent in laboratory settings.

Pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities utilize peracetic acid for disinfecting cleanrooms, production equipment, and packaging materials.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to maintain aseptic conditions during drug manufacturing processes, ensuring product quality and compliance with regulatory standards.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is commonly used in breweries and beverage production facilities for disinfecting brewing equipment, fermentation tanks, and beer kegs.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to prevent contamination by spoilage organisms and ensures the quality and stability of brewed beverages.
Cosmetic manufacturing facilities use Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) for disinfecting production equipment, mixing vessels, and packaging materials.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to maintain hygienic conditions during the production of cosmetics, skincare products, and personal care items.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is employed in animal production facilities such as poultry farms, swine operations, and aquaculture facilities for biosecurity and disease control.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to disinfect animal housing, equipment, and transportation vehicles, reducing the risk of disease transmission and improving animal health.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)-based hand sanitizers provide an alternative to traditional alcohol-based hand sanitizers, especially in settings where water is not readily available.

These sanitizers effectively kill germs on the hands and are used in healthcare facilities, food service establishments, and public settings.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) solutions are used for preserving fresh produce during storage and transportation.
They help to inhibit the growth of spoilage microorganisms and extend the shelf life of fruits, vegetables, and cut flowers, reducing food waste and ensuring product quality.

Hotels, restaurants, and catering services utilize peracetic acid for disinfecting kitchen surfaces, utensils, and food preparation areas.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to maintain cleanliness and hygiene in food service establishments, preventing foodborne illnesses and ensuring guest satisfaction.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)-based disinfectants are used for disinfecting cruise ship cabins, aircraft cabins, and other confined spaces where passengers and crew members congregate.

They help to control the spread of infectious diseases and maintain a healthy environment for travelers.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) should be used only in areas free of ignition sources and should be stored in tightly sealed containers in areas separate from oxidizable compounds and flammable substances.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)s should be handled only in small quantities and with extreme care when pure or very concentrated.

Containers of peracetic acid heated in a fire may explode.
Reactions involving large quantities of peracids should be carried out behind a safety shield.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) should be used only in areas free of ignition sources and should be stored in tightly sealed containers in areas separate from oxidizable compounds and flammable substances.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), are so unstable that they may explode during distillation, even under reduced pressure
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) explodes when heated to 110 °C, and the pure compound is extremely shock sensitive.
Virtually all peracids are strong oxidizing agents and decompose explosively on heating.

Moreover, most peracids are highly flammable and can accelerate the combustion of other flammable materials if present in a fire.
Fires involving Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be fought with water, dry chemical, or halon extinguishers.

Uses:
Using solutions containing Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) to reduce contamination from pathogens on poultry carcasses and meat would not pose toxicity concerns, EFSA’s experts say.
They provide an effective and reliable method for ensuring patient safety and infection control in dental practice settings.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) solutions are used for washing fruits and vegetables in food processing facilities and commercial kitchens.

They help to remove pesticides, waxes, and microbial contaminants from produce, enhancing food safety and meeting regulatory standards for food hygiene.
In the pulp and paper industry, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is utilized for bleaching wood pulp and deinking recycled paper.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to remove lignin, ink, and other impurities from pulp fibers, resulting in high-quality paper products with bright white appearance and improved printability.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)-based cleaning agents are used for industrial cleaning and sanitization in manufacturing plants, breweries, wineries, and dairy processing facilities.
They help to remove soils, residues, and microbial contaminants from surfaces and equipment, ensuring compliance with hygiene standards and regulatory requirements.
During emergency situations such as natural disasters or water contamination events, peracetic acid can be used for emergency water disinfection.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) provides a rapid and effective method for purifying drinking water sources and preventing the spread of waterborne diseases in crisis situations.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is employed for environmental decontamination and remediation of contaminated soil, groundwater, and air.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to degrade organic pollutants, neutralize hazardous chemicals, and mitigate environmental pollution in industrial sites, brownfields, and wastewater treatment plants.

Some treatment applications are more effective than others, for example dipping in baths is more effective than spraying.
EFSA’s experts also conclude that it is unlikely that the use of Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) would lead to the emergence of resistance to antimicrobials and reduced susceptibility to biocides.
There are no concerns for environmental risks of all the components of the solution except for HEDP.

Its release from a poultry plant into the environment is not always considered safe.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and laboratory chemicals.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur.
Other release to the environment of Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, textile treatment products and dyes, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), paper chemicals and dyes and water treatment chemicals.

Release to the environment of Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, paper chemicals and dyes, textile treatment products and dyes and perfumes and fragrances.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used in the following areas: scientific research and development and health services.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur, chemicals, pulp, paper and paper products and food products.
Release to the environment of Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can occur from industrial use: as processing aid and in processing aids at industrial sites.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a peroxy acid that is commonly used as an excellent oxidizing agent in organic synthesis.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is also used as a bleaching and sterilizing agent.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be used as an oxidant for the selective epoxidation of aliphatic terminal alkenes in the presence of manganese(II) perchlorate as the catalyst at ambient temperature.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is also used to oxidize sulfides, selenides, and amines.
Initially, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) was utilized in bleaching applications for paper pulp.
While it can still be utilized for this application, it is now currently utilized for ware wash bleaching applications.

In fact, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be generated in situ in some laundry detergents, in ware wash, and other generator applications without the above process originally patented by FMC Corp years ago.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is widely used to sterilize medical, surgical, and dental equipment.
The disinfectant has been the top choice for medical equipment sterilization after an automated sterilizing machine was introduced in 1988.

Eco-friendly yet reliable to kill microbiomes, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is one of the most popular general-purpose hard surface disinfectants.
Food processing equipment can be washed with Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid), which is proven for its efficacy as a no-rinse sanitizer.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) clears bacteria and slim deposits in water treatment plants, pulp factories, and food-grade liquid processing centers.

Decontamination processes at breweries, hatcheries, animal shelters, and veterinary hospitals use Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) to eliminate any chance of infection.
With increasing coronavirus cases, the acid is used to disinfect surfaces in multiple areas to keep the risk of infection at bay.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is widely used as a disinfectant and sterilizing agent in healthcare facilities, laboratories, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and food processing industries.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) effectively kills a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores, making it essential for maintaining hygienic conditions and preventing the spread of infections.
In the food and beverage industry, peracetic acid is utilized for sanitizing food contact surfaces, equipment, and packaging materials.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to control microbial contamination and extend the shelf life of perishable foods, ensuring food safety and quality throughout the production, processing, and packaging stages.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used in municipal water treatment plants, swimming pools, and recreational water facilities as a disinfectant and oxidizing agent.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to eliminate pathogens, algae, and organic contaminants in water systems, ensuring safe and clean water for drinking, recreational activities, and industrial processes.
Veterinary clinics, animal shelters, and livestock facilities use peracetic acid for disinfecting animal premises, equipment, and transportation vehicles.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) helps to control the spread of infectious diseases among animals and maintain biosecurity in agricultural settings, improving animal health and productivity.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)-based sterilization systems are employed in dental clinics and laboratories for the rapid sterilization of dental instruments and equipment.
This microprocessor-controlled, low-temperature sterilization agent is a strong oxidizing disinfectant against a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is active against many microorganisms, such as gram-positive and -negative bacteria, fungi, spores, and yeast.
This ideal antimicrobial agent is primarily used in food processing and handling as a sanitizer for food contact surfaces.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is also used to disinfect medical supplies and prevent biofilm formation in pulp industries.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be applied during water purification as a disinfectant and for plumbing disinfection.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is suitable for disinfecting cooling tower water and effectively prevents biofilm formation and controls Legionella bacteria.
Environmentally friendly biocide; disinfectant in the food and beverage industry; bleaching agent for textiles and paper. Oxidizing agent in organic synthesis.

Fungicide, Herbicide, Nematicide, Rodenticide, Microbiocide: Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used as bactericide and fungicide, especially in food processing, a reagent in making caprolactam and glycerol; an oxidant for preparing epoxy compounds; a bleaching agent; a sterilizing agent; and a polymerization catalyst for polyester resins.
Not approved for use in EU countries.
Registered for use in the U.S. and Canada.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency first registered Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) as an antimicrobial in 1986 for indoor use on hard surfaces.
Use sites include agricultural premises, food establishments, medical facilities, and home bathrooms.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is also registered for use in dairy and cheese processing plants, on food processing equipment, and in pasteurizers in breweries, wineries, and beverage plants.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is also applied for the disinfection of medical supplies, to prevent biofilm formation in pulp industries, and as a water purifier and disinfectant.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be used as a cooling tower water disinfectant, where it prevents biofilm formation and effectively controls Legionella bacteria.
Nu-Cidex is the trade name for a brand of antimicrobial Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid).

In the European Union, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) was reported by the EFSA after submission in 2013 by the US Department of Agriculture.
Decontamination kits for cleaning fentanyl analogues from surfaces (as used by many police forces, amongst others) often contain solid peracetyl borate, which mixes with water to produce peracetic acid.
The organic Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used as a sustainable biocide for aseptic packaging of food and beverages, in cosmetics and for hair bleaching, for environmentally friendly water and wastewater treatment, for smart sustainable aquaculture solutions, for disinfection in agriculture, for chemical synthesis, for sterilization in hospital hygiene or for cleaning and disinfection of laundry and textiles.

Fire Hazard:
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) explodes when heated to 110 °C, and the pure compound is extremely shock sensitive.
Virtually all peracids are strong oxidizing agents and decompose explosively on heating.

Moreover, most peracids are highly flammable and can accelerate the combustion of other flammable materials if present in a fire.
Fires involving Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) can be fought with water, dry chemical, or halon extinguishers.

Containers of Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) heated in a fire may explode.
Decomposes violently at 230F.

Health Hazard:
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is a severe irritant to theskin and eyes.
It can cause severe acid burns.
Irritation from 1 mg was severe on rabbits’eyes.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid)s toxicity is low.
The toxicologicalroutes of entry to the body are inhalation,ingestion, and skin contact.
The toxicity dataare as follows (NIOSH 1986):LC50 inhalation (rats): 450 mg/m3

Its toxicity in humans should be very low,and a health hazard may arise only fromits severe irritant action.
Studies on miceshowed that it caused skin tumors at the siteof application.

Its carcinogenicity on humansis not reported.
No exposure limit is set forperoxyacetic acid in air.

The acute toxicity of peracetic acid is low.
However, peracids are extremely irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.
Skin or eye contact with the 40% solution in acetic acid can cause serious burns.

Inhalation of high concentrations of mists of peracetic acid solutions can lead to burning sensations, coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) has not been found to be carcinogenic or to show reproductive or developmental toxicity in humans.
There is some evidence that this compound is a weak carcinogen from animal studies (mice).

Data on other peracids suggest Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) may show the worst chronic and acute toxicity of this class of compounds.
Other commonly available peracids, such as Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) and m-chloroperbenzoic acid (MCPBA) are less toxic, less volatile, and more easily handled than the parent substance.

Safety Profile:
Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data by skin contact.
Severe explosion hazard when exposed to heat or by spontaneous chemical reaction.
Explodes violently at 1 10°C.

Poison by ingestion.
Moderately toxic by inhalation and skin contact.
Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) a corrosive eye, sktn, and mucous membrane irritant.

Dangerous; keep away from combustible materials.
When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
A powerful oxidizing agent.

Explosive reaction with acetic anhydride, 5-p-chlorophenyl-2,2-dimethyl-3hexanone.
Violent reaction with ether solvents (e.g., tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether), metal chloride solutions (e.g., calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium chloride), olefins, organic matter.
To fight fire, use water, foam, CO2.

Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) is used as a polymerization initiator, curing agent, and cross-linhng agent.
When heated to decomposition, Peroxyacetic acid (peracetic acid) emits acrid smoke and fumes.

Runoff to sewer may create a fire or explosion hazard.
Isolate from other stored material, particularly accelerators, oxidizers, and organic or flammable materials.


Peroxyde de benzoyle ( Benzoyl peroxide)
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE N° CAS : 7722-84-1 - Peroxyde d'hydrogène (eau oxygénée) "Pas terrible" dans toutes les catégories. Origine(s) : Synthétique, Minérale Nom INCI : HYDROGEN PEROXIDE Nom chimique : Hydrogen peroxide N° EINECS/ELINCS : 231-765-0.Ses fonctions (INCI) Antimicrobien : Aide à ralentir la croissance de micro-organismes sur la peau et s'oppose au développement des microbes Agent Oxydant : Modifie la nature chimique d'une autre substance en ajoutant de l'oxygène ou en éliminant l'hydrogène
Peroxyde d'hydrogène (eau oxygénée)
POTASSIUM PERSULFATE, N° CAS : 7727-21-1 - Persulfate de potassium, Nom INCI : POTASSIUM PERSULFATE, Nom chimique : Dipotassium peroxodisulphate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 231-781-8. Additif alimentaire : E922, Classification : Sulfate. Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent Oxydant : Modifie la nature chimique d'une autre substance en ajoutant de l'oxygène ou en éliminant l'hydrogène. Noms français : PEROXYDISULFATE DE POTASSIUM; Persulfate de potassium; POTASSIUM, PERSULFATE DE. Noms anglais : DIPOTASSIUM PERSULFATE; PEROXYDISULFURIC ACID, DIPOTASSIUM SALT; POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE; POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULPHATE; Potassium persulfate; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE. Utilisation et sources d'émission : Agent oxydant, agent de blanchiment; Anthion; Dipotassium peroxodisulphate ; dipotassium peroxodisulphate; potassium persulphate; Dipotassium peroxydisulfate; Dipotassium persulfate; Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2) , dipotassium salt; Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), potassium salt (1:2); Peroxydisulfuric acid, dipotassium salt; Potassium peroxydisulfate; Potassium peroxydisulfate (K2(S2O8)); Potassium peroxydisulphate; Potassium persulfate; POTASSIUM PERSULPHATE. Translated names Dikaaliumperoksodisulfaat (et); dikalijev peroksodisulfat (hr); dikalio peroksodisulfatas (lt); dikalium-peroxodisulfát (cs); dikaliumperoksodisulfaatti (fi); dikaliumperoksodisulfat (no); dikaliumperoxodisulfaat (nl); dikaliumperoxodisulfat (da); dikálium-peroxodiszulfát (hu); dikālija peroksidisulfāts (lv); dipotasiu peroxodisulfat (ro); Kaaliumpersulfaat (et); kalijev persulfat (hr); kalio persulfatas (lt); kaliumpersulfaatti (fi); Kaliumpersulfat (de); kálium-persulfát (sk); kálium-perszulfát (hu); kālija persulfāts (lv); nadtlenodisiarczan(VI) dipotasu (pl); peroksodisiarczan(VI) dipotasu (pl) ; perossodisolfato di dipotassio (it); peroxodissulfato de dipotássio (pt); peroxodisulfate de dipotassium (fr); peroxodisulfato de dipotasio (es); peroxodisíran draselný (cs); potasiu persulfat (ro); Υπερθειικο κάλιο (el); υπεροξοδιθειικό δικάλιο (el); дикалиев пероксодисулфат (bg); калиев персулфат (bg). CAS names; Peroxydisulfuric acid ([(HO)S(O)2]2O2), potassium salt (1:2). : dipotassium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide; dipotassium [(sulfoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide; dipotassium O-[(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanidolate; dipotassium peroxodisulphate potassium persulphate; dipotassium sulfonatooxy; dipotassium sulfonatooxy sulfate; dipotassium-peroxodisulphate-; dipotassium;sulfonatooxy sulfate; Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), dipotassium salt; pottassium persulfat. Trade names: dipotassium peroxodisulfate; Potassium peroxodisulfate; [(Sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxydanide de dipotassium [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name] ; 231-781-8 [EINECS]; 7727-21-1 [RN]; Anthion; Dikalium-[(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanid [German]; Dikaliumperoxodisulfat [German]; Dipotassium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide ; Dipotassium peroxodisulphate; Dipotassium peroxydisulfate; Dipotassium persulfate; Kaliumperoxodisulfat [German]; KPS; MFCD00011386 [MDL number]; Perossidisolfato di potassio [Italian] ; Peroxydisulfuric acid dipotassium salt; PEROXYDISULFURIC ACID, DIPOTASSIUM SALT; persolfato di potassio [Italian]; Persulfato de potasio [Spanish]; Potassium perdisulfate;Potassium peroxodisulfate; POTASSIUM PEROXOSULFATE; Potassium peroxydisulfate; Potassium peroxydisulphate; Potassium peroxysulfate; Potassium persulfate ; potassium persulphate ; SE0400000; Пероксодисульфат калия [Russian]; ペルオキソ二硫酸カリウム [Japanese]; 过硫酸钾 [Chinese]; [7727-21-1]99.0% min ACS, 99.0%; Dipotassium dioxidan-2-idesulfonate [ACD/IUPAC Name]; dipotassium O-[(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanidolate; dipotassium sulfato sulfate; dipotassium sulfonatooxy sulfate; dipotassium;sulfonatooxy sulfate; Di-Potassiumperoxodisulphate; EINECS 231-781-8; Potassium peroxydisulfate;Potassium persulfate; Potassium persulfate (K2S2O8); Potassium Persulfate ACS; Potassium persulfate, ACS