Crop protection, Food, Feed and Flavor Chemicals

OLEIC ACID
SYNONYMS 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-; (Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid; cis-9-Octadecenoic acid; Red oil; Metaupon; 9-octadecenoic acid; cis-Delta-9-octadecanoate; cis-octadec-9-enoic acid; Ooleoate; CLASSIFICATION CAS NO. 112-80-1; 8046-01-3; 17156-84-2; 56833-51-3
OLEIC ACID ETHOYLATED
oleic acid; 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-; (Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid; cis-9-Octadecenoic acid; Red oil;; Metaupon; 9-octadecenoic acid; cis-Delta-9-octadecanoate; cis-octadec-9-enoic acid; Ooleoate; cas no: 112-80-1
OLEIK ASIT
oleic acid; 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-; (Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid; cis-9-Octadecenoic acid; Red oil; Metaupon; 9-octadecenoic acid; cis-Delta-9-octadecanoate; cis-octadec-9-enoic acid; Ooleoate; cas no: 112-80-1
Oleoyl sarcosine
Oleoyl sarcosine; 2-(N-Methyloleamido)acetic acid; N-Oleoylsarcosine; Oleyl sarcosine CAS NO: 110-25-8
OLETH
OLETH-10; N° CAS : 9004-98-2; Nom INCI : OLETH-10; Noms français : Ethylene oxide- oleylalcohol adduct; Ethyleneoxide-oleyl alcohol condensate; Poly 10 oleylether; Polyoxyethylated oleyl alcohol; Polyoxyethylene (10) oleyl ether; Polyoxyethylene (2) oleyl ether; Polyoxyethylene oleyl alcohol; Éther de polyéthylène glycol et d'oléyle; Éther de polyéthylèneglycol et de monooléyle. Noms anglais : Poly (oxyethylene) oleyl ether; Polyethylene glycol monooleyl ether; Polyethylene glycol oleyl ether. Utilisation et sources d'émission: Agent dispersant; Potentiel Comédogène (pc) : 2. Classification : Composé éthoxylé.Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile). Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
OLETH-10
OLETH-10; 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30-Decaoxaoctatetracont-39-en-1-ol, (39Z)-; Genapol O100 cas no: 24871-34-9
OLETH-20
Brij 98; Ethoxylated Dodecyl Alcohol; Polyoxyethylene ( 20 ) Oleyl Ether; Amerox OE-20; Novol Poe 20; PEG-20 oleyl ether; Polyoxyethylene (20) oleyl ether; Procol OA-20; Standamul O20; Volpo 20 cas no: 9004-98-2
OLETH-30
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl); .alpha.-9-(Z)-octadecenyl-.omega.-hydroxy (30 mol EO average molar ratio); Polyoxyl 10 oleyl ether;3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-Octaoxadotetracont-33-en-1-ol; 3,6,9,12-Tetraoxatriacont-21-en-1-ol; Oleth-12; Oleth-15; Oleth-20; Oleth-23;Oleth-25; Oleth-30; Oleth-4; Oleth-40; Oleth-44;Oleth-50; Oleth-6; Oleth-7; Oleth-8; Oleth-9; PEG-12 Oleyl ether; cas no: 9004-98-2
OLETH-5
Oleth-5 is a cosmetic ingredient commonly used as an emulsifier, surfactant, and solubilizer in personal care products.
Oleth-5 is a member of the Oleth family, derived from ethoxylated oleic acid.
The appearance of Oleth-5 is a clear to pale yellow liquid with a mild, characteristic odor.

CAS: 5353-27-5
MF: C28H56O6
MW: 488.74

Synonyms
OLETH-5;3,6,9,12,15-Pentaoxatritriacont-24-en-1-ol, (24Z)-

Oleth-5 aids in creating stable formulations by helping to disperse and blend oil and water-based ingredients, making products smooth and consistent for enhanced user experience.
The chemical formula of Oleth-5 is C28H56O6.

Oleth-5 is a multifunctional ingredient widely utilized in cosmetics and personal care products.
Oleth-5 primary role is as an emulsifier, enabling the blending of oil and water-based components in creams, lotions, and serums.
This promotes smooth textures and prevents product separation.
Additionally, Oleth-5 acts as a surfactant, helping to reduce surface tension, enhance foaming, and improve the spreadability of formulations like shampoos, body washes, and facial cleansers.
Oleth-5 solubilizing properties make it effective in incorporating oil-soluble ingredients into water-based products. Overall, Oleth-5 plays a crucial role in ensuring stable, well-dispersed, and user-friendly cosmetics, enhancing their efficacy and user experience.

Chemical Structure
Oleth-5 is part of a family of compounds that are identified by the number at the end of their name, indicating the average number of ethylene oxide units in the molecule.
In the case of Oleth-5, it has an average of 5 ethylene oxide units attached to the oleic acid molecule.

Uses
Emulsifier: Oleth-5 is primarily used as an emulsifier in cosmetics and personal care products.
It helps to blend water and oil-based ingredients together, creating stable formulations like creams and lotions.

Surfactant: It also acts as a surfactant, reducing the surface tension between different substances.
This property allows it to help cleanse the skin and hair by making it easier for water to wash away dirt and oils.

Emollient: Oleth-5 can also function as an emollient, helping to soften and smooth the skin.
It forms a protective layer on the skin's surface, reducing moisture loss and improving skin texture.

Oleth-5 is commonly found in a variety of skincare and haircare products, including moisturizers, cleansers, shampoos, and conditioners.
It is used to improve the texture, stability, and performance of these products, providing benefits such as hydration, cleansing, and conditioning.
OLEYL ALCOHOL
Oleyl Alcohol Oleyl alcohol /ˈoʊliˌɪl, ˈoʊliəl/,[1] octadecenol /ˌɒktəˈdɛsɪˌnɒl/, or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, is an unsaturated fatty alcohol with the molecular formula C18H36O or the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)8OH. It is a colorless oil, mainly used in cosmetics.[2] Oleyl alcohol can be produced by the hydrogenation of oleic acid esters by Bouveault–Blanc reduction, which avoids reduction of the C=C group (as would occur with usual catalytic hydrogenation). The required oleate esters are obtained from beef fat, fish oil, and, in particular, olive oil (from which it gains its name). The original procedure was reported by Louis Bouveault in 1904[3] and subsequently refined. Oleyl alcohol has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmetic products including shampoos and hair conditioners. It has also been investigated as a carrier for delivering medications through the skin or mucus membranes; particularly the lungs. Oleic acid - the corresponding fatty acid Oleylamine - the corresponding amine Oleamide - the corresponding amide Oleyl alcohol, or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, is an unsaturated fatty alcohol with the molecular formula C18H36O or the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)8OH.It can be produced by the hydrogenation of oleic acid esters; which can be obtained naturally from beef fat, fish oil and in particular oliveoil (from which it gains its name). Production by the Bouveault-Blanc reduction of ethyl oleate or n-butyl oleate esters was reported by Louis Bouveault in1904 and subsequently refined.It has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmeticproducts including shampoos and hair conditioners. It has also been investigated as a carrier for delivering medications through the skin or mucus membranes;particularly the lungs.It is a non-ionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol. It has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skincreams, lotions Oleyl alcohol and Octyldodecanol are long chain fatty alcohols. Stearyl Alcohol is a white, waxy solid with a faint odor, while Oleyl alcohol and Octyldodecanol are clear, colorless liquids. These three ingredients are found in a wide variety of products such as hair conditioners, foundations, eye makeup, skin moisturizers, skin cleansers and other skin care products.Oleyl alcohol and Octyldodecanol help to form emulsions and prevent an emulsion from separating into its oil and liquid components. These ingredients also reduce the tendency of finished products to generate foam when shaken. When used in the formulation of skin care products, Stearyl Alcohol, Oleyl alcohol and Octyldodecanol act as a lubricants on the skin surface, which gives the skin a soft, smooth appearance. Properties Chemical formula C18H36O Molar mass 268.478 g/mol Density 0.845-0.855 g/cm3 Melting point 13 to 19 °C (55 to 66 °F; 286 to 292 K) Boiling point 330 to 360 °C (626 to 680 °F; 603 to 633 K) Solubility in water Insoluble Uses Oleyl alcohol is a nonionic surfactant used as a hair coating in shampoos and conditioners.Oleyl alcohol is used as an emollient (skin softener), emulsifier, and thickener in creams and lotions. Oleyl alcohol, octadecenol, or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, is a fatty alcohol coming from inedible beef fat. It is also found in fish oil. Its chemical formula is C18H36O or CH3(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)8OH. It is a non-ionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol. It has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmetic products, plasticizer for softening fabrics, surfactant and hair coating in shampoos and hair conditioners, and a carrier for medications. Oleyl alcohol is classified under CAS No.143-28-2.Oleyl alcohol is also known as cis-9-octadecen-1-ol.Oleyl alcohol is a non-ionic, unsaturatedfatty alcohol, a long-chain aliphatic alcohol that occurs naturally in fish oils.Oleyl alcohol prepared by synthetic reduction of plant-derived oleic acid. Oleyl alcohol can be used in large scale applications as the softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, and in production of carbon paper,stencil paper, and printing ink.Oleyl alcohol also utilized as an antifoam agent and cutting lubricant.Oleyl alcohol also known as precursor for the preparation of its sulfuric ester derivatives, which are used in detergents and wetting agents.Oleyl alcohol has also been incorporated into various formulations for drug delivery.Oleyl alcohol can also be used as a non-ionicsurfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many othercosmetic products. Oleyl alcohol also used as plasticizer for softening fabrics, surfactant and hair coating in shampoos and hair conditioners, and a carrier for medications. Oleyl alcohol (also octadecenol or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol) is a non-ionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol. It is an emulsion stabilizer, antifoam agent, detergent, and release agent for food applications. Oleyl alcohol is found in fish oils and inedible beef fat. It belongs to the family of fatty alcohols. These are aliphatic alcohols consisting of a chain of 8 to 22 carbon atoms (do not have to bear a carboxylic acid group Substituents Long chain fatty alcohol Organic oxygen compound Hydrocarbon derivative Primary alcohol Organooxygen compound Alcohol Aliphatic acyclic compound Stearyl Alcohol, Oleyl alcohol, and Octyl Dodecanol are long-chain saturated or unsaturated (Oleyl) fatty alcohols. They are used in numerous cosmetic product categories at concentrations of less than 0.1 percent to greater than 50 percent.The metabolism of Stearyl Alcohol and Oleyl alcohol in rats is described. The results of acute oral toxicity studies indicate a very low order of toxicity. In rabbit irritation tests, these alcohols produced minimal ocular irritation and minimal to mild cutaneous irritation. Stearyl Alcohol produced no evidence of contact sensitization or comedogenicity.Clinical patch testing indicates a very low order of skin irritation potential and sensitization. Photoreactivity studies on products containing these ingredients were negative for phototoxicity or photosensitization.Based on the available data, it is concluded that Stearyl Alcohol, Oleyl alcohol, and Octyl Dodecanol are safe as currently used in cosmetics. Applications Oleyl alcohol is used in softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, and in the production of carbon paper, stencil paper, and printing ink. It finds application in cosmetic products viz skin creams and lotions as a thickner, hair conditioners and hair coating shampoos. It is utilized as an antifoaming agent and cutting lubricant, as the precursor for the preparation of its sulfuric ester derivatives, which are used in detergents and wetting agents. It plays a vital role in various formulations for drug delivery. Occurs in fish oils. Emulsion stabiliser, antifoam agent, detergent and release agent for food applications Oleyl alcohol, octadecenol, or cis-9-octadecen-1 -ol, is a fatty alcohol coming from inedible beef fat. It is also found in fish oil. Oleyl alcohol is used in softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, and in the production of carbon paper, stencil paper, and printing ink. It finds application in cosmetic products viz skin creams and lotions as a thickner, hair conditioners and hair coating shampoos. It is utilized as an antifoaming agent and cutting lubricant, as the precursor for the preparation of its sulfuric ester derivatives, which are used in detergents and wetting agents. It plays a vital role in various formulations for drug delivery. Solubility Miscible with alcohol and ether. Slightly miscible with carbon tetrachloride. Immiscible with water. Oleyl alcohol is a fatty alcohol which is usually found in fish oil and beef fat. It is unsaturated and non-ionic in nature which shares a wide scope in various application as well as end-user industries. Oleyl alcohol is used in an extensive range of applications such as lotions, thickener in skin creams, emulsifiers, surfactants, hair coatings, hair conditioners, and plasticizers for softening fabrics. The global market for Oleyl alcohol has been witnessing significant growth on account of increasing demand from its application industries such as personal care. It is used in a variety of applications such as surfactants, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. One of the major opportunities for the surfactant industry is bio-based surfactants where rising awareness among consumers towards eco-friendly products has noticeably contributed towards the growing demand for Oleyl alcohol in surfactants. Surfactants also share a broad application scope as foaming agents, emulsifiers, detergents, and wetting agents. Conditioning and detergency are some of the vital properties of surfactants due to which they share a wide application scope. Major applications of Oleyl alcohol-based surfactants include personal care, textile, pharmaceutical, soap and detergent among others. Key manufacturers have entered into several collaborations and agreements with other companies for the marketing of new products as well as garnering a larger share in the market. Other applications of Oleyl alcohol include plasticizer for use in fabrics. The market for Oleyl alcohol in plasticizers has been witnessing noticeable growth due to changing lifestyles and emerging global economies in Asia Pacific and Latin America. Additionally, growing environmental awareness and rising legal provisions have been serving as a catalyst for the plasticizers market with developments in various emerging economies such as Brazil, Russia, China and India. Matured regions such as Europe and North America accounted for the highest demand for Oleyl alcohol due to the presence of vast hair care and skin care industries in these regions resulting in significant demand for the chemical. Moreover, emerging economies in Asia Pacific such as Japan, China and India are anticipated to witness the fastest growth rate over the forecast period on account of growing hair care, skin care and pharmaceutical industries in the region. Various factors such as rising awareness regarding healthy hair and skin among consumers as well as changing lifestyles is expected to boost the demand for personal care products which in turn is anticipated to contribute towards the demand for Oleyl alcohol. Increased demand for personal care products such as hair care and skin care is expected to be another important factor that triggers the need for Oleyl alcohol, due to increased awareness of hair and skin. In addition, the increasing demand for drugs is also expected to contribute to the increased demand for Oleyl alcohol in the production of various drugs and ointments during the forecast period. In addition, due to low cost and ease of use, the increase in alcohol consumption in surfactants has contributed significantly to the growth of the market. However, fluctuating prices of major raw materials have been a major concern for producers and are expected to limit the growth of the market. Oleyl alcohol focusing on the commercialization and development of cost-effective bio-based surfactants, is expected to provide new opportunities for the growth of the market. Oleyl alcohol It is a clear, colorless liquid. It is found in a wide variety of products such as hair conditioners, skin moisturizers, skin cleansers and other skin care products.Oleyl alcohol helps to form emulsions and prevent an emulsion from separating into its oil and liquid components. When used in the formulation of skin care products, it acts as a lubricants on the skin surface, which gives the skin a soft, smooth appearance.Increasing demand for personal care products such as hair care and skin care on account of rising awareness for hair and skin is expected to be another major factor driving the demand for Oleyl alcohol. Moreover, growing demand for pharmaceuticals is also expected to contribute towards the growing demand for Oleyl alcohol in the production of various drugs and ointments within the forecast period. In addition, increasing consumption of Oleyl alcohol in surfactants due to their low cost and ease of availability has also contributed significantly towards the growth of the market. However, fluctuating prices of key feedstock materials has been major concern for the manufacturers and is expected to limit the growth of the market. Focus on commercializing and developing cost-effective bio-based surfactants using Oleyl alcohol is anticipated to provide new opportunities for the growth of the market. Oleyl alcohol Usage Oleyl alcohol is used in the treatment, control, prevention of the following diseases, conditions and symptoms: Psoriasis Seborrheic dermatitis Skin creams and lotions thickener Hair softening Oleyl alcohol - Side effects It is a list of possible side effects from the medicines containing Oleyl alcohol. This is not a comprehensive list. These side effects are likely to be seen, but not always. Some of the side effects are rare, but they can be very serious. Consult your doctor if you observe any of the following side effects, especially those that do not persist despite your waiting period. Skin irritation Irritation of the head skin Skin / hair coloring Oleyl alcohol Study, Action Mechanism and Pharmacology Oleyl alcohol improves the condition of the patient by performing the following functions: The skin is causing dead cells from the upper layer. Inhibit phosphatidylcholine synthesis. Oleyl alcohol, or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, is an unsaturated fatty alcohol with the molecular formula C18H36O or the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)8OH.It can be produced by the hydrogenation of oleic acid esters; which can be obtained naturally from beef fat, fish oil and in particular oliveoil (from which it gains its name). Production by the Bouveault-Blanc reduction of ethyl oleate or n-butyl oleate esters was reported by Louis Bouveault in1904 and subsequently refined.It has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmeticproducts including shampoos and hair conditioners. It has also been investigated as a carrier for delivering medications through the skin or mucus membranes;particularly the lungs.It is a non-ionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol. It has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skincreams, lotions Oleyl alcohol and Octyldodecanol are long chain fatty alcohols. Stearyl Alcohol is a white, waxy solid with a faint odor, while Oleyl alcohol and Octyldodecanol are clear, colorless liquids. These three ingredients are found in a wide variety of products such as hair conditioners, foundations, eye makeup, skin moisturizers, skin cleansers and other skin care products.Oleyl alcohol and Octyldodecanol help to form emulsions and prevent an emulsion from separating into its oil and liquid components. These ingredients also reduce the tendency of finished products to generate foam when shaken. When used in the formulation of skin care products, Stearyl Alcohol, Oleyl alcohol and Octyldodecanol act as a lubricants on the skin surface, which gives the skin a soft, smooth appearance. Uses Oleyl alcohol is a nonionic surfactant used as a hair coating in shampoos and conditioners.Oleyl alcohol is used as an emollient (skin softener), emulsifier, and thickener in creams and lotions. Oleyl alcohol, octadecenol, or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, is a fatty alcohol coming from inedible beef fat. It is also found in fish oil. Its chemical formula is C18H36O or CH3(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)8OH. It is a non-ionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol. It has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmetic products, plasticizer for softening fabrics, surfactant and hair coating in shampoos and hair conditioners, and a carrier for medications. (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol is a long chain fatty alcohol that is octadecanol containing a double bond located at position 9 (the Z-geoisomer). It has a role as a nonionic surfactant and a metabolite. It is a long-chain primary fatty alcohol and a fatty alcohol 18:1. A mixture of cis-9[1(-14)C] octadecenol and [1(-14)C] docosanol was injected into the brains of 19-day-old rats, and incorporation of radioactivity into brain lipids was determined after 3, 12, and 24 hr. Both alcohols were metabolized by the brain but at different rates; each was oxidized to the corresponding fatty acid, but oleic acid was more readily incorporated into polar lipids. Substantial amounts of radioactivity were incorporated into 18:1 alkyl and alk-1-enyl moieties of the ethanolamine phosphoglycerides and into 18:1 alkyl moieties of the choline phosphoglycerides. Even after the disappearance of the 18:1 alcohol from the substrate mixture (12 hr), the 22:0 alcohol was not used to any measurable extent for alkyl and alk-1-enylglycerol formation. cis-9-Octadecenyl alcohol (Oleyl alcohol), orally administered, increased the relative concentration of 18:1 alkyl and alk-1-enyl moieties in alkoxylipids of the small intestine of rats. Farnesol (FOH) inhibits the CDP-choline pathway for PtdCho (phosphatidylcholine) synthesis, an activity that is involved in subsequent induction of apoptosis /SRP: programmed cell death/. Interestingly, the rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway, CCTalpha (CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase alpha), is rapidly activated, cleaved by caspases and exported from the nucleus during FOH-induced apoptosis. The purpose of the present study was to determine how CCTalpha activity and PtdCho synthesis contributed to induction of apoptosis by FOH and Oleyl alcohol. Contrary to previous reports, /the authors/ show that the initial effect of FOH and Oleyl alcohol was a rapid (10-30 min) and transient activation of PtdCho synthesis. During this period, the mass of DAG (diacylglycerol) decreased by 40%, indicating that subsequent CDP-choline accumulation and inhibition of PtdCho synthesis could be due to substrate depletion. At later time points (>1 h), FOH and Oleyl alcohol promoted caspase cleavage and nuclear export of CCTalpha, which was prevented by treatment with oleate or DiC8 (dioctanoylglycerol). Protection from FOH-induced apoptosis required CCTalpha activity and PtdCho synthesis since (i) DiC8 and oleate restored PtdCho synthesis, but not endogenous DAG levels, and (ii) partial resistance was conferred by stable overexpression of CCTalpha and increased PtdCho synthesis in CCTalpha-deficient MT58 cells. These results show that DAG depletion by FOH or Oleyl alcohol could be involved in inhibition of PtdCho synthesis. However, decreased DAG was not sufficient to induce apoptosis provided nuclear CCTalpha and PtdCho syntheses were sustained. Residues of Oleyl alcohol are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a cosolvent (limit: 15%) in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest. Hydrophilic and lipophilic formulations of naproxen were prepared, and the influence of the excipients in the formulations on the ulcerogenic potential of naproxen was investigated in rats. Doses of naproxen suspensions ranging from 3.125-100 mg/kg were administered to fasted rats and excised stomachs were examined macroscopically for the incidence and severity of lesions. Results were expressed as the 50% ulceration dose. Results of the study showed that a lipophilic formulation containing Oleyl alcohol provided the greatest gastric protection. Long-chain fatty acids are important nutrients, but obesity is the most common nutritional disorder in humans. In this study /the authors/ investigated the effect of Oleyl alcohol on the intestinal long-chain fatty acid absorption in rats. ...[14C]Oleic acid and Oleyl alcohol /was administered/ as lipid emulsion intraduodenally in unanesthetized lymph-cannulated rats and measured the lymphatic output of oleic acid. ... Lipid emulsion /was then administered/ with a stomach tube and ... the luminal and mucosal oleic acid residues /were measured/. Furthermore, rats were fed Oleyl alcohol as a dietary component for 20 days, and fecal lipid and the weight of adipose tissues were measured. In lymph-cannulated rats, triglyceride and [14C]oleic acid output in the lymph were significantly lower in the presence of Oleyl alcohol when compared with the absence of Oleyl alcohol in a dose-dependent manner. The radioactivity remaining in the intestinal lumen was more strongly detected in rats that had been orally administered Oleyl alcohol than in the controls. The feces of rats fed an oleyl-alcohol-added diet contained much higher amounts of lipids, and the weights of their adipose tissues were significantly lower than in the control group. These results suggest that Oleyl alcohol inhibits the rat gastrointestinal absorption of long-chain fatty acids in vivo. Studies of the influence of fatty acids, which were the component of intestinal mucosal lipids, on the permeability of several drugs across bilayer lipid membranes generated from egg phosphatidylcholine and intestinal lipid have been pursued. The permeability coefficients of p-aminobenzoic acid, salicylic acid and p-aminosalicylic acid (anionic-charged drug) increased when fatty acids such as lauric, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid were incorporated into the bilayer lipid membranes generated from phosphatidylcholine. In the presence of methyl linoleate and Oleyl alcohol, no enhancing effect on p-aminobenzoic acid transfer was obtained. The effect of fatty acids was more marked at pH 6.5 than at pH 4.5. In contrast, upon the addition of fatty acids to intestinal lipid membranes which originally contained fatty acids, the permeability coefficient of p-aminobenzoic acid tended to decrease, though the permeability through intestinal lipid membranes was larger than that of phosphatidylcholine membranes. The permeability of p-aminobenzoic acid across bilayer lipid membranes from intestinal phospholipids was significantly decreased to about equal that of phosphatidylcholine membranes, and reverted to the value of intestinal lipid membranes when fatty acids were added to intestinal phospholipids. It seemed reasonable to assume that free fatty acids in the intestinal neutral lipid fraction could contribute to the increase in the permeability of p-aminobenzoic acid. On the basis of above results, possible mechanisms for good absorbability of weakly acidic drugs from the intestine are discussed. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of sensitization to fatty alcohols in a group of patients with suspected cosmetic or medicament contact dermatitis. From May 1992 to September 1995, we patch tested a series of 5 fatty alcohols on 146 patients. These included 108 females and 38 males aged from 13 to 72 years (mean age 42.5). These patients, who had previously been tested with the GIRDCA standard series, were selected because their clinical lesions or histories indicated topical preparations as the possible source of their contact dermatitis. High-grade fatty alcohols (> 99% pure) were used for testing. 34 patients (23.2%), 25 female and 9 male aged from 14 to 72 years, showed a positive patch test to fatty alcohols, 33 of them to Oleyl alcohol. A total of 39 reactions were detected with 5 patients showing more than 1 positive reaction. Our results show that sensitization to Oleyl alcohol is not rare in patients with contact dermatitis due to cosmetics or topical medicaments. Acute Exposure/ ... Up to 50% glycerol, 10% hydroxyethyl lactamide (HELA), 10% Oleyl alcohol, 10% Solketal, 10% glycofurol, 100% tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) and 10% urea induced no discernible change in the histological appearance of the skin whereas 100% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), 100% dimethyl formamide (DMF), 100% N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 10% Azone, 10% oleic acid, 10% methyl laurate, 10% benzyl alcohol and 10% glycerol formal caused severe skin irritation. Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ ... In lymph-cannulated rats, triglyceride and [14C]oleic acid output in the lymph were significantly lower in the presence of Oleyl alcohol when compared with the absence of Oleyl alcohol in a dose-dependent manner. The radioactivity remaining in the intestinal lumen was more strongly detected in rats that had been orally administered Oleyl alcohol than in the controls. The feces of rats fed an oleyl-alcohol-added diet contained much higher amounts of lipids, and the weights of their adipose tissues were significantly lower than in the control group. Three unsaturated fatty alcohols at 35-50 microM inhibited DNA synthesis and the proliferation of tumor cells by a combination with hyperthermia to greater extents in the order: oleyl (C18:1)-> linoleyl (C18:2)-> alpha-linolenyl (C18:3) alcohol. Two saturated fatty alcohols, palmityl (C16:0)- and stearyl (C18:0) alcohols, did not inhibit at the same concentrations. At 100 microM, palmityl alcohol inhibited, whereas stearyl alcohol did not. ... The inhibition of the unsaturated fatty alcohols on DNA synthesis and proliferation was nearly proportional to the amount of their intercellular accumulation at 37 degrees C or 42 degrees C; the most inhibitory, Oleyl alcohol, was the most membrane-permeable, whilst inversely the least inhibitory, alpha-linolenyl alcohol, was the least permeable. A proportional correlation was not observed for saturated fatty alcohols Oleyl alcohol's use as a chemical intermediate, automotive lubricant, defoamer, cosolvent and plasticizer for printing ink, and as a cosmetic emollient may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Oleyl alcohol is a natural product in fish oils. If released to the air, an estimated vapor pressure of 9.3X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates Oleyl alcohol will exist in both the vapor and particulate-phases in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase Oleyl alcohol will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4.9 hours and ozone radicals in the troposphere with an estimated half-life of 2.1 hours. Particulate-phase Oleyl alcohol will be removed from the atmosphere by wet or dry deposition. If released to soil, Oleyl alcohol is expected to have no mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 1.3X10+4. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.6X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization. One microbial study which used pure cultures suggests that biodegradation may be an important fate process of Oleyl alcohol in soil and water, but no rate data are available. If released to water, Oleyl alcohol is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 8 hours and 7.4 days, respectively. However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 163 days if adsorption is considered. An estimated BCF of 420 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to Oleyl alcohol may occur through inhalation of vapors or through eye and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Oleyl alcohol is produced or used. The general public may be exposed to Oleyl alcohol by dermal contact during the use of cosmetics in which it is contained as a cosmetic emollient and through fish consumption. Oleyl alcohol's use as a chemical intermediate, automotive lubricant, defoamer, cosolvent and plasticizer for printing ink, and as a cosmetic emollient(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1.3X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that Oleyl alcohol is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of Oleyl alcohol from moist soil surfaces may be expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.6X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Oleyl alcohol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 9.3X10-5 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4). However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization(SRC). Based on one microbial study, Oleyl alcohol was found to be utilized as the sole carbon source by bacteria, yeast, and fungi(5). Although this study provides little insight into the rate of biodegradation in soil, it suggests that biodegradation in soil may be important(SRC). Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1.23X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that Oleyl alcohol is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.6X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 8 hours and 7.4 days, respectively(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 163 days if adsorption is considered(5). Alcohols are generally resistant to hydrolysis(6). According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 420(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 7.5(8) and a regression-derived equation(9), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Based on one microbial study, Oleyl alcohol was found to be utilized as the sole carbon source by bacteria, yeast, and fungi(10). Although this study provides little insight into the rate of biodegradation in water, it suggests that biodegradation in water may be important(SRC). ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), Oleyl alcohol, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 9.3X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase Oleyl alcohol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4.5 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase oleyl alchol may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of Oleyl alcohol with ozone has been estimated as 1.3X10-16 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 2.1 hrs at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(4). AEROBIC: Oleyl alcohol (10 g) was found to be utilized as the sole carbon source by bacteria (Pseudomonas) in 10 days at 30 °C and pH 6.8-7.0. In the same study, 10 g Oleyl alcohol was utilized as the sole carbon source by 3 yeasts (Candida, Pichia, and an unknown) in 10 days at 30 °C and pH 6.8-7.0. It was also utilized by 3 fungi (Aspergillus, Penicillium, and an unknown) in 20 days at 20-25 °C and pH 5.5-5.6(1).
OLEYL ALCOHOL
Oleyl alcohol is a mixture of unsaturated and saturated long-chain fatty alcohols mainly made up of oleyl alcohol and elaidyl alcohol.
Oleyl alcohol is mainly used in topical pharmaceutical formulations and has been used in transdermal delivery formulations.
Oleyl alcohol is a colorless oil, mainly used in cosmetics.

CAS Number: 143-28-2
Molecular Formula: C18H36O
Molecular Weight: 268.48
EINECS no: 205-597-3

Oleyl alcohol has been utilized in the development of biodegradable injectable thermoplastic oligomers,and in aerosol formulations of insulin and albuterol.
Therapeutically, it has been suggested that oleyl alcohol may exhibit antitumor properties via transmembrane permeation.
Being oily in nature, Oleyl alcohol finds good use as an emollient in topical formulations.

Oleyl alcohol or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, is an unsaturated fatty alcohol with the molecular formula C18H36O or the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)7−CH=CH−(CH2)8OH.
The original procedure was reported by Louis Bouveault in 1904 and subsequently improved.
The necessary oleate esters are obtained from beef fat, fish oil and especially olive oil (from which it is named).

Oleyl alcohol, also known as octadecenol, is a fatty alcohol derived from natural sources such as plants or animals.
Oleyl alcohol belongs to the larger group of long chain alcohols, which are alcohols with a high number of carbon atoms.

Oleyl alcohol mainly consists of an 18-carbon chain with a double bond placed towards the middle of the chain.
Oleyl alcohol can exist in different isomeric forms depending on the position of the double bond.
The most common isomer is cis-9-octadecenol, where the double bond is located between the ninth and tenth carbon atoms.

This alcohol has a waxy texture and is often used in cosmetics and personal care products.
Oleyl alcohol acts as an emollient, meaning it helps soften and moisturize the skin and hair.
Oleyl alcohol can also act as a thickening agent in various formulations, improving their consistency and texture.

Oleyl alcohol can be produced by the hydrogenation of oleic acid esters by Bouveault–Blanc reduction, which avoids reduction of the C=C group (as would occur with usual catalytic hydrogenation). The required oleate esters are obtained from beef fat, fish oil, and, in particular, olive oil (from which it gains its name).
The original procedure was reported by Louis Bouveault in 1904[3] and subsequently refined.

Oleyl Alcohol or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol is an unsaturated fatty alcohol with the molecular formula C18H36O or condensed.
Oleyl alcohol has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmetic products including shampoos and hair conditioners.
Oleyl alcohol has also been investigated as a carrier for delivering medications through the skin or mucus membranes; particularly the lungs.

Stearyl Alcohol, Oleyl Alcohol and Octyldodecanol are long chain fatty alcohols.
Oleyl Alcohol (also octadecenol or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol)
Oleyl Alcohol is an unsaturated fatty alcohol.

Oleyl Alcohol is an emulsion stabilizer, antifoam, detergent and release agent for food applications.
Oleyl alcohol is a linear, primary alcohol that has a hydroxyl group at the end of the carbon chain.
Oleyl alcohol is used in the manufacture of detergents and as a food additive.

Oleyl alcohol has been shown to inhibit cell lysis in human leukemia HL-60 cells, and to possess anti-inflammatory properties.
Oleyl alcohol is a colorless to pale yellow liquid or solid, depending on its temperature.
It has a mild, characteristic odor and a greasy or waxy texture.

Oleyl alcohol is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and oils.
Natural Sources: Oleyl alcohol is naturally found in various plant and animal sources.
It can be derived from vegetable oils like olive oil, palm oil, and coconut oil, as well as animal fats.

Oleyl alcohol is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products due to its emollient properties.
It helps to hydrate and condition the skin and hair, making them soft and smooth.
It is often found in creams, lotions, moisturizers, hair conditioners, and lip balms.

Oleyl alcohol can act as a surfactant, which means it helps to reduce the surface tension between two substances, allowing them to mix more easily.
It can also function as an emulsifying agent, aiding in the formation and stabilization of emulsions, where oil and water are blended together.
In industrial applications, oleyl alcohol is used as a lubricant, especially in metalworking processes.

Oleyl alcohol provides a smooth surface and reduces friction between metal parts. Additionally, it can act as an anti-static agent, reducing static electricity buildup on surfaces.
Oleyl alcohol serves as a starting material or intermediate in the synthesis of various chemicals.
It can undergo chemical reactions to produce derivatives such as oleylamine, oleyl sulfate, and oleyl chloride, which find applications in different industries.

Oleyl alcohol is considered biodegradable, meaning it can break down naturally over time by microorganisms in the environment.
This characteristic contributes to its use in environmentally friendly formulations.
The optimum concentration for oleyl alcohol is between 0.01% and 1%, although it can be used up to 20%.

Oleyl alcohol may also be effective against bacterial enzymes when combined with metoprolol succinate, which can enhance its effects on enzyme activity by up to 3 times.
Oleyl alcohol is found naturally in olive oil and other plants, which makes it a safe compound for use in cosmetics or other products.
Oleyl Alcohol is found in fish oils and inedible beef fat.

Stearyl Alcohol is a white, waxy solid with a faint odor, while Oleyl Alcohol and Octyldodecanol are clear, colorless liquids.
These three ingredients are found in a wide variety of products such as hair conditioners, foundations, eye makeup, skin moisturizers, skin cleansers and other skin care products.
Oleyl alcohol is primarily used in topical pharmaceutical formulations and has been used in transdermal application formulations.

Oleyl Alcohol uses it as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other products.
Oleyl alcohol, structural formula CH3(CH2)7−CH=CH−(CH2)8OH.
Oleyl Alcohol is a colorless oil mainly used in cosmetics.

Oleyl Alcohol has also been explored as a carrier for delivering drugs through the skin or mucous membranes;
Oleyl Alcohol is a long chain fatty alcohol, an octadecanol containing a double bond at the 9 position (Zgeoisomer).
Stearyl Alcohol, Oleyl Alcohol and Octyldodecanol help to form emulsions and prevent an emulsion from separating into its oil and liquid components.

Oleyl Alcohol is a long chain unsaturated fatty alcohol that can be used as an emulsifier, nonionic surfactant and thickener.
Oleyl Alcohol is a mixture of unsaturated and saturated long chain fatty alcohols mainly composed of oleyl alcohol and elaidyl.
Oleyl Alcohol is a non-ionic, unsaturatedfatty alcohol, a long-chain aliphatic alcohol that occurs naturally in fish oils.

Oleyl Alcohol prepared by synthetic reduction of plant-derived oleic acid.
Oily in nature, Oleyl Alcohol finds good use as an emollient in topical formulations.
These ingredients also reduce the tendency of finished products to generate foam when shaken.

When used in the formulation of skin care products, Stearyl Alcohol, Oleyl Alcohol and Octyldodecanol act as a lubricants on the skin surface, which gives the skin a soft, smooth appearance.
Oleyl Alcohol can be produced by hydrogenation of oleic acid esters by Bouveault-Blanc reduction; Reduction of the C=C group (as in ordinary catalytic hydrogenation).

Oleyl Alcohol is a nonionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol that is a naturally occurring long-chain aliphatic alcohol.
Oleyl Alcohol prepared by synthetic reduction of plant-derived oleic acid.

Melting point: 0-5.0 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 207 °C/13 mmHg (lit.)
Density: 0.849 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor pressure: 10.64 hPa (195 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.46(lit.)
FEMA: 4363 CIS-9-OCTADECENOL
Flash point: >230 °F
storage temp.: -20°C
solubility: Soluble in ethanol (95%), and ether; practically insoluble in water.
form: Viscous Liquid
pk: 15.20±0.10(Predicted)
color: Clear almost colorless to yellow
Odor: fatty animal
Odor Type: fatty
Water Solubility:Miscible with alcohol and ether. Slightly miscible with carbon tetrachloride. Immiscible with water.
Merck:14,6831
JECFA Number: 1637
BRN:1723962
Stability:Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: 7.07 at 25℃

Oleyl Alcohol is also a precursor for the preparation of sulfuric ester derivatives used in detergents and wetting.
agents.
This Oleyl Alcohol is widely demanded in the international market due to its high effectiveness, eco-friendliness and purity, and is offered in different grades to meet the varied needs of our clients.
Moreover, we are offering the entire range at an affordable cost to our clients.

Oleyl Alcohol also utilized as an antifoam agent and cutting lubricant.
Oleyl Alcohol also known as precursor for the preparation of its sulfuric ester derivatives, which are used in detergents and wetting agents.
Oleyl Alcohol is included in various formulations for drug delivery.

Oleyl alcohol occurs naturally in fish oils.
Synthetically, it can be prepared from butyl oleate by a Bouveault–Blanc reduction with sodium and butyl alcohol.
An alternative method of manufacture is by the hydrogenation of triolein in the presence of zinc chromite.

Oleyl alcohol can act as a solvent for various substances.
Oleyl alcohol can dissolve or disperse certain ingredients, such as pigments, dyes, and fragrances, making it useful in the formulation of cosmetics, perfumes, and other personal care products.

Oleyl alcohol can help improve the stability and shelf life of cosmetic and personal care formulations.
Oleyl alcohol can enhance the overall stability of emulsions, preventing separation or phase separation over time.
Oleyl alcohol can contribute to the sensory experience of a product.

Oleyl alcohols smooth and silky texture can impart a pleasant feel when applied to the skin or hair, enhancing the overall sensory perception of the product.
Oleyl alcohol is generally compatible with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients, including oils, waxes, and other emollients.
It can be easily incorporated into various formulations without causing significant compatibility issues.

Oleyl alcohol is considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products when used within the recommended concentrations.
Regulatory authorities, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS), have evaluated its safety profile.

Oleyl alcohol can be combined with other emollients, humectants, or thickeners to achieve specific formulation objectives.
Oleyl alcohol is often used in combination with other fatty alcohols, such as cetyl alcohol or stearyl alcohol, to create tailored textures and properties in cosmetic formulations.

With growing consumer demand for sustainable and eco-friendly ingredients, there is an increasing focus on sourcing oleyl alcohol from renewable and environmentally responsible sources.
Some manufacturers offer oleyl alcohol derived from sustainable palm oil or plant-based sources.

While oleyl alcohol is generally well-tolerated, it is advisable for individuals with sensitive skin or known allergies to test products containing oleyl alcohol on a small patch of skin before widespread use, especially if they have a history of reactions to other cosmetic ingredients.

Oleyl alcohol has been reported as an effective solvent for oil/water-type tacrolimus (FK506) cream formulation, useful for atopic dermatitis treatment.
Oleyl Alcohol is found in a wide variety of products such as hair creams, foundations, eye makeup, skin moisturizers, and skin care products.

Oleyl Alcohol helps to form an emulsion and prevents an emulsion from breaking up into its oil and liquid components.
Oleyl Alcohol also reduces the tendency of finished products to form foam when shaken.
It was reported as diluting agent for Alamine 336.

Palm oil esters derived from oleyl alcohol, have potential applications in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries due to the excellent wetting behavior of the esters without the oily feel.
Oleyl Alcohol has a role as a nonionic surfactant and a metabolite.
Oleyl Alcohol is a long chain primary fatty alcohol and an 18:1 fatty alcohol.

Oleyl Alcohol is mainly used in the detergent field, where the double bond offers possibilities for applications not covered.
Oleyl Alcohol (also octadecenol or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol) is a nonionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol.
Oleyl Alcohol is a long-chain aliphatic alcohol found naturally in fish oils.

Oleyl Alcohol is long chain fatty alcohols.
Oleyl Alcohol is a white, waxy solid with a slight odour, while Oleyl Alcohol and Octyldodecanol are clear, colorless liquids.
Oleyl Alcohol helps to form emulsion and prevent the emulsion from separating into oil and liquid components.

These ingredients also reduce the tendency of finished products to form foam when shaken.
Oleyl Alcohol is also known as a pioneer
For the preparation of sulfuric ester derivatives used in detergents and wetting agents.

Oleyl alcohol (also octadecenol or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol) is a nonionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol.
Oleyl alcohol is a long-chain aliphatic alcohol found naturally in fish oils.
It is used in large-scale applications such as softening and lubricating textile fabrics, carbon paper, stencil paper and printing ink production.

Oleyl alcohol is also used as an antifoaming agent and cutting oil.
It is also a pioneer in the preparation of sulfuric ester derivatives used in detergents and wetting agents.
Oleyl alcohol is included in various formulations for drug delivery.

Oleyl alcohol is found in a wide variety of products, including conditioners, foundations, eye makeup, skin moisturizers, skin cleansers, and other skin care products.
Oleyl alcohol helps to form an emulsion and prevents an emulsion from breaking up into its oil and liquid components.
It also reduces the tendency of finished products to form foam when shaken.

When oleyl alcohol is used in the formulation of skin care products, it acts as a lubricant on the skin surface and gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance.
Oleyl Alcohol is included in various formulations for drug delivery.

Uses
Oleyl alcohol is used in softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, and in the production of carbon paper, stencil paper, and printing ink.
Oleyl Alcohol is used in the softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, in the production of carbon paper and stencil paper.
It finds application in cosmetic products viz skin creams and lotions as a thickner, hair conditioners and hair coating shampoos.

Oleyl Alcohol is used in the softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, in the production of carbon paper and stencil paper.
It is utilized as an antifoaming agent and cutting lubricant, as the precursor for the preparation of its sulfuric ester derivatives, which are used in detergents and wetting agents.
In cosmetics, Oleyl Alcohol uses skin creams and lotions as thickening, emollient and hair dye shampoos.

Oleyl Alcohol is used as a precursor in the preparation of sulfuric ester derivatives, antifoam and cutting oil.
It plays a vital role in various formulations for drug delivery.
Oleyl Alcohol can be used in large scale applications as the softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, and in production of carbon paper,stencil paper, and printing ink.

When used in the formulation of skin care products, Oleyl Alcohol acts as a lubricant on the skin surface and gives the skin its color.
Oleyl Alcohol is also used as an antifoaming agent and cutting lubricant.

Oleyl alcohol is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), coating products, fertilisers, anti-freeze products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, finger paints, lubricants and greases and polishes and waxes.

Oleyl alcohol is widely used in cosmetics and personal care formulations for its emollient properties.
Oleyl alcohol helps to moisturize and soften the skin and hair, making it a common ingredient in creams, lotions, moisturizers, hair conditioners, lip balms, and other similar products.
Oleyl alcohol can act as a surfactant and emulsifying agent.

Oleyl alcohol helps to reduce surface tension and enable the mixing of oil and water-based ingredients in various cosmetic and personal care formulations, such as creams, lotions, and emulsions.
Oleyl alcohol is used as a lubricant in different industrial applications.
It provides a smooth surface and reduces friction between metal parts, making it suitable for metalworking processes and applications where lubrication is required.

Oleyl alcohol can be used as a plasticizer, a substance added to plastics to increase their flexibility, durability, and workability.
It helps to improve the processing and performance of plastics in various industries.
Oleyl alcohol can be found in certain cleaning products, such as detergents and surfactant-based cleaners.

Oleyl alcohol helps to lower the surface tension between water and dirt, facilitating the removal of grime and stains.
Oleyl alcohol serves as a chemical intermediate or starting material for the production of various chemicals.
It can undergo reactions to form derivatives like oleylamine, oleyl sulfate, and oleyl chloride, which have applications in different industrial processes.

Oleyl alcohol is used in textile processing as an auxiliary agent.
It can improve the lubrication, softness, and dyeability of fabrics, contributing to the overall quality and performance of textile products.
Oleyl alcohol can be incorporated into coatings and inks to improve their flow properties, adhesion, and durability.

Oleyl alcohol helps to enhance the performance and application characteristics of these products.
Release to the environment of Oleyl alcohol can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).

Other release to the environment of Oleyl alcohol s likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).

Oleyl Alcohol can also be used as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, softener and thickener.
Oleyl Alcohol is also used as fabrics for emollients, emollients and conditioners, surfactant and hair conditioner.
Oleyl alcohol is an emollient, solvent, viscosity-increasing agent, and carrier employed in a wide variety of cosmetic formulations including makeup, skin care, and hand and body preparations.

Oleyl Alcohol is used as a precursor in the preparation of sulfuric ester derivatives, antifoam and cutting oil.
Oleyl Alcohol plays a vital role in various formulations for drug delivery.
Other applications of Oleyl Alcohol include plasticizer for use in fabrics.

Release to the environment of Oleyl alcohol can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, for thermoplastic manufacture, as processing aid, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).

Oleyl alcohol can be employed as a component in adhesive and sealant formulations.
It can contribute to the adhesive properties, flexibility, and durability of the final product.
Oleyl alcohol can serve as a solvent or co-solvent in various industrial applications.

Oleyl alcohol can dissolve or disperse certain substances, aiding in processes such as extraction, formulation, and synthesis.
Oleyl alcohol finds applications in metal processing industries, such as metal plating and surface treatment.
It can be used as a wetting agent, providing a smooth and uniform coating on metal surfaces.

Oleyl alcohol can be incorporated into paint and coating formulations as a leveling agent.
It helps to promote even spreading and reduce surface defects, resulting in a smoother finish.
Oleyl alcohol can be used as a fuel additive, particularly in biodiesel production.

Oleyl alcohol can enhance the stability and viscosity of biodiesel fuel, improving its performance and reducing emissions.
Oleyl alcohol may have pharmaceutical applications as an excipient or co-solvent in the formulation of certain medications.
It can aid in the solubilization or dispersion of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and improve their delivery.

Oleyl alcohol can be utilized in agricultural formulations, including pesticides and herbicides.
It can serve as a solvent or co-solvent, aiding in the dispersion and application of active agricultural compounds.
Oleyl alcohol can be found in industrial cleaning and degreasing formulations.

Oleyl alcohol helps to solubilize and remove oils, greases, and other contaminants from surfaces.
Oleyl alcohol can be used in the paper and pulp industry as a sizing agent, helping to improve the water resistance and printability of paper.
Oleyl alcohol can be included in surface coatings and polishes for various materials, including wood, metal, and leather.

Oleyl alcohol is made by reduction or hydrogenation of oleic acid esters and is mainly used in making surfactants and plasticizers; cis-9-octadecen-1-ol
Oleyl Alcohol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long chain fatty alcohols.
oleyl alcohol is an unsaturated fatty alcohol found in fish oils and can also be produced synthetically.

Oleyl Alcohol can also be used as a non-ionicsurfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many othercosmetic products.
Oleyl Alcohol also used as plasticizer for softening fabrics, surfactant and hair coating in shampoos and hair conditioners, and a carrier for medications.

Chiefly in the manufacture of its sulfuric esters which are detergents and wetting agents, as an antifoam agent; metal cutting lubricant; in carbon paper, stencil paper, printing ink; as a plasticizer; for softening and lubricating textile fabrics; carrier for medicaments.
Oleyl Alcohol is used in large-scale applications such as softening and lubricating textile fabrics and for its production.

Oleyl Alcohol is also used as antifoam and shear lubricant.
When used in the formulation of skin care products, Oleyl alcohol acts as a lubricant on the skin surface and gives the skin its color.
Oleyl Alcohol can be used in large-scale applications and production to soften and lubricate textile fabrics.

Safety
Oleyl alcohol is mainly used in topical pharmaceutical formulations and is generally regarded as a nontoxic and nonirritant material at the levels employed as an excipient. However, contact dermatitis due to oleyl alcohol has been reported.
The results of acute oral toxicity and percutaneous studies in animals with products containing 8% oleyl alcohol indicate a very low toxicity.

Formulations containing 8% or 20% oleyl alcohol administered by gastric intubation, at doses up to 10 g/kg bodyweight, caused no deaths and no toxic effects in rats.
Oleyl alcohol can cause irritation to the skin and eyes, particularly if used in high concentrations or if a person has pre-existing sensitivities or allergies.
It is recommended to avoid direct contact with the skin and eyes, and in case of contact, rinse thoroughly with water.

Inhalation Hazards
Inhalation of oleyl alcohol vapors or mists in high concentrations may cause respiratory irritation.
It's advisable to use the substance in well-ventilated areas or wear appropriate respiratory protection when handling it in aerosolized or mist form.

Combustibility
Oleyl alcohol is flammable and can pose a fire hazard if exposed to open flames, sparks, or high temperatures.
It should be stored away from ignition sources and handled with care to prevent accidental fires.

Environmental Impact
While oleyl alcohol is considered biodegradable, its release into the environment in large quantities can have adverse effects.
It is important to handle and dispose of oleyl alcohol properly, in accordance with local regulations and best practices, to minimize any potential environmental impact.

Allergenic Potential
Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to oleyl alcohol.
It is recommended to conduct patch tests or consult with a healthcare professional if there is a known sensitivity or allergy to similar substances.

Occupational Exposure
Workers handling oleyl alcohol in industrial settings should follow appropriate safety measures, including wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection as needed.
Employers should provide appropriate training and ensure compliance with occupational health and safety regulations.

Synonyms
OLEYL ALCOHOL
(Z)-octadec-9-en-1-ol
143-28-2
cis-9-Octadecen-1-ol
Ocenol
Dermaffine
Lancol
Novol
Oceol
Oleol
Satol
Oleic alcohol
Oleo alcohol
Crodacol-O
Conditioner 1
Loxanol M
Atalco O
Siponol OC
Sipol O
(Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol
Cachalot O-1
Cachalot O-3
Cachalot O-8
H.D. eutanol
HD-Ocenol K
Loxanol 95
Unjecol 50
Unjecol 70
Unjecol 90
Oleoyl alcohol
Olive alcohol
Cachalot O-15
Crodacol A.10
Unjecol 110
HD oleyl alcohol CG
cis-9-Octadecenyl alcohol
Adol 34
Adol 80
Adol 85
Adol 90
Witcohol 85
Witcohol 90
HD-Ocenol 90/95
9-Octadecen-1-ol, (Z)-
Z-9-Dodecen-1-ol
HD oleyl alcohol 70/75
HD oleyl alcohol 80/85
HD oleyl alcohol 90/95
(Z)-Octadec-9-enol
Adol 320
Adol 330
Adol 340
0leyl alcohol
(9Z)-octadec-9-en-1-ol
cis-9-octadecenol
cis-octadecen-1-ol
9-Octadecen-1-ol
(Z)-9-octadecenol
HD-Eutanol
cis-Oleyl alcohol
Octadec-9Z-enol
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol
9Z-Octadecen-1-ol
Oleyl alcohol (NF)
Oleyl alcohol [NF]
( Z)-9-octadecenol
HSDB 6484
Witcohol 85 (TN)
9-Octadecen-1-ol, (9Z)-
EINECS 205-597-3
NSC 10999
NSC-10999
9-Octadecen-1-ol, cis-
UNII-172F2WN8DV
AI3-07620
172F2WN8DV
DTXSID0022010
FEMA NO. 4363
CHEBI:73504
MFCD00002993
Octadec-9-en-1-ol
EC 205-597-3
9-Octadecenol
Lipocol O
Anjecol 90N
Unjecol 90N
(Z)-oleyl alcohol
Anjecol 90NR
Unjecol 90NR
Francol OA-95
Fancol OA-95
cis 9 octadecen-1-ol
cis-9-0ctadecen-1-ol
9(Z)-Octadecen-1-ol
HD-Echelon 90/95
cis-octadec-9-en-1-ol
Octadeca-9-cis-en-1-ol
cis-.DELTA.9-Octadecenol
HD-Ocenol 90/95 V
OLEYL ALCOHOL [II]
OLEYL ALCOHOL [MI]
SCHEMBL5668
(Z)- octadec- 9- enol
(Z)-octadeca-9-en-1-ol
OLEYL ALCOHOL [INCI]
OLEYL ALCOHOL [VANDF]
OLEYL ALCOHOL [MART.]
DTXCID502010
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol #
Octadec-9-en-1-ol, (Z)-
OLEYL ALCOHOL [USP-RS]
OLEYL ALCOHOL [WHO-DD]
CHEMBL2105350
(Z) - octadec - 9 - enol
Oleyl alcohol, >=99% (GC)
CIS-9-OCTADECENOL [FHFI]
Oleyl alcohol, analytical standard
cis-Laquo deltaRaquo 9-Octadecenol
NSC10999
OLEYL ALCOHOL [EP IMPURITY]
Tox21_200111
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol, 85%
LMFA05000213
OLEYL ALCOHOL [EP MONOGRAPH]
Oleyl alcohol, technical grade, 85%
AKOS004910411
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol, 85per cent
Oleyl alcohol, technical, ~60% (GC)
NCGC00164365-01
NCGC00164365-02
NCGC00257665-01
BS-42539
CAS-143-28-2
LS-97766
HY-141573
CS-0181666
O0058
D05245
A884989
EN300-21584642
Q7086489
W-109512
3164D881-7E14-4979-9E60-58DDC0468323
Oleyl alcohol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
OLEYL ALCOHOL
Oleyl Alcohol is an unsaturated fatty alcohol
Oleyl Alcohol's molecular formula is C18H36O
Oleyl Alcohol is a colorless oil


CAS NUMBER: 143-28-2

EC NUMBER: 205-597-3

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C18H36O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 268.5 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: (Z)-octadec-9-en-1-ol


Oleyl Alcohol mainly used in cosmetics
Oleyl Alcohol can be produced by the hydrogenation of oleic acid esters by Bouveault–Blanc reduction, which avoids reduction of the C=C group (as would occur with usual catalytic hydrogenation).

The required oleate esters are obtained from beef fat, fish oil, and, in particular, olive oil (from which it gains its name).
Oleyl Alcohol has uses as a nonionic surfactant and emulsifier

Oleyl Alcohol can be used as an emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmetic products including shampoos and hair conditioners.
Oleyl Alcohol is a long chain fatty alcohol

Oleyl Alcohol is octadecanol containing a double bond located at position 9 (the Z-geoisomer).
Oleyl Alcohol has a role as a nonionic surfactant and a metabolite.

Oleyl Alcohol is a long-chain primary fatty alcohol and a fatty alcohol 18:1.
Oleyl Alcohol is a natural product found in Ruvettus pretiosus and Bombus hortorum with data available.

Oleyl Alcohol is used in the following products:
-washing & cleaning products
-biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products)
-coating products
-fertilisers
-anti-freeze products
-fillers
-putties
-plasters
-modelling clay
-finger paints
-lubricants
-greases
-polishes
-waxes


Oleyl Alcohol is long chain fatty alcohols.
Oleyl Alcohol is a white, waxy solid

Oleyl Alcohol has a faint odor
Oleyl Alcohol is clear, colorless liquid.
These three ingredients are found in a wide variety of products such as hair conditioners, foundations, eye makeup, skin moisturizers, skin cleansers and other skin care products.

Why is Oleyl Alcohol used in cosmetics and personal care products?
Oleyl Alcohol helps to form emulsions and prevent an emulsion from separating into its oil and liquid components.
These ingredients also reduce the tendency of finished products to generate foam when shaken.
When used in the formulation of skin care products, it acts as a lubricants on the skin surface, which gives the skin a soft, smooth appearance.

Oleyl Alcohol is mixtures of long-chain fatty alcohols.
Stearyl Alcohol consists primarily of n-octadecanol, while Oleyl Alcohol is primarily unsaturated 9-n-octadecenol.
Oleyl Alcohol is a branched chain fatty alcohol.

Fatty alcohols are higher molecular weight nonvolatile alcohols.
They are produced from natural fats and oils by reduction of the fatty acid (-COOH) grouping to the hydroxyl function (-OH).
Alternately, several completely synthetic routes yield fatty alcohols which may be structurally identical or similar to the naturally-derived alcohols.

Oleyl Alcohol is lubricious
Oleyl Alcohol is formed throughout the elastomer matrix

Oleyl Alcohol is a mixture of unsaturated
Oleyl Alcohol is saturated long-chain fatty alcohols mainly made up of oleyl alcohol and elaidyl alcohol.

Being oily in nature, Oleyl Alcohol finds good use as an emollient in topical formulations.
Oleyl Alcohol is a monounsaturated fatty alcohol produced by the reduction of oleic acid

Oleyl Alcohol is an unsaturated fatty alcohol.
Oleyl Alcohol is also known as oleyl alcohol

Oleyl Alcohol is a fatty alcohol that can be found naturally in both plant and animal sources.
Oleyl Alcohol's physical characteristics include being a colorless, waxy solid with a melting point around 25°C (77°F)

Oleyl Alcohol is insoluble in water.
Oleyl Alcohol has many positive properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer effects, as well as the ability to inhibit certain types of bacteria.

Oleyl Alcohol is a surfactant
Oleyl Alcohol lowers the surface tension of water and other solutions.

This property makes Oleyl Alcohol useful for penetrating the skin and other tissues, as well as interacting with proteins and other molecules.
Oleyl Alcohol also interacts with cell membranes, which can impact cell function and structure.


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 268.5 g/mol

-XLogP3: 7.4

-Exact Mass: 268.276615768 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 268.276615768 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.2Ų

-Physical Description: Colourless to light yellow liquid with a fatty aroma

-Color: Colourless to light yellow

-Form: Oily liquid

-Boiling Point: 195 °C

-Melting Point: 6.5 °C

-Solubility: Insoluble in water

-Density: 0.8489

-Vapor Pressure: 0.000093 mmHg

-LogP: 7.796

-Refractive Index: 1.4582


Oleyl Alcohol is a linear, primary alcohol that has a hydroxyl group at the end of the carbon chain.
Oleyl Alcohol is used in the manufacture of detergents and as a food additive.

Oleyl Alcohol is a linear, primary alcohol that has a hydroxyl group at the end of the carbon chain.
Oleyl Alcohol is used in the manufacture of detergents and as a food additive.


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1

-Rotatable Bond Count: 15

-Heavy Atom Count: 19

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 175

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 1

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

-Chemical Classes: Other Uses -> Emulsifiers/Surfactants


Oleyl Alcohol has anti-inflammatory property
Oleyl Alcohol may also be effective against bacterial enzymes when combined with metoprolol succinate, which can enhance its effects on enzyme activity by up to 3 times.

Oleyl Alcohol is found naturally in olive oil and other plants, which makes it a safe compound for use in cosmetics or other products.
Oleyl Alcohol (also octadecenol or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol) is a non-ionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol.

Oleyl Alcohol is an emulsion stabilizer, antifoam agent, detergent, and release agent for food applications.
Oleyl Alcohol is found in fish oils and inedible beef fat. It belongs to the family of fatty alcohols.

These are aliphatic alcohols consisting of a chain of 8 to 22 carbon atoms
Oleyl Alcohol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty alcohols.

These are fatty alcohols that have an aliphatic tail of 13 to 21 carbon atoms.
Oleyl Alcohol occurs as a pale yellow oily liquid that gives off acrid fumes when heated.

Oleyl Alcohol is used in softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, and in the production of carbon paper, stencil paper, and printing ink.
Oleyl Alcohol finds application in cosmetic products

Oleyl Alcohol is used in hair conditioners and hair coating shampoos.
Oleyl Alcohol is utilized as an antifoaming agent and cutting lubricant, as the precursor for the preparation of its sulfuric ester derivatives, which are used in detergents and wetting agents.

Oleyl Alcohol plays a vital role in various formulations for drug delivery.
Oleyl Alcohol is an emollient, solvent, viscosity-increasing agent, and carrier employed in a wide variety of cosmetic formulations including makeup, skin care, and hand and body preparations.
Oleyl Alcohol is an unsaturated fatty alcohol found in fish oils and can also be produced synthetically.


SYNONYMS:

(9Z)-octadec-9-en-1-ol
(Z)-octadec-9-en-1-ol
(Z)-Octadec-9-enol
(Z)-octadec-9-enol
(Z)-Octadec-9-enol
(Z)-octadec-9-enol
(Z)-Octdec-9-en-1-ol
9-cis-Octadecenol
9-Octadecen-1-ol, (9Z)-
octadec-9-en-1-ol
oleyl alcohol
OLEYL ALCOHOL
(Z)-octadec-9-en-1-ol
143-28-2
cis-9-Octadecen-1-ol
Ocenol
Dermaffine
Lancol
Novol
Oceol
Oleol
Satol
Oleic alcohol
Oleo alcohol
Crodacol-O
Conditioner 1
Loxanol M
Atalco O
Siponol OC
Sipol O
(Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol
Cachalot O-1
Cachalot O-3
Cachalot O-8
H.D. eutanol
HD-Ocenol K
Loxanol 95
Unjecol 50
Unjecol 70
Unjecol 90
Oleoyl alcohol
Olive alcohol
Cachalot O-15
Crodacol A.10
Unjecol 110
HD oleyl alcohol CG
cis-9-Octadecenyl alcohol
Adol 34
Adol 80
Adol 85
Adol 90
Witcohol 85
Witcohol 90
HD-Ocenol 90/95
9-Octadecen-1-ol, (Z)-
Z-9-Dodecen-1-ol
HD oleyl alcohol 70/75
HD oleyl alcohol 80/85
HD oleyl alcohol 90/95
(Z)-Octadec-9-enol
Adol 320
Adol 330
Adol 340
(9Z)-octadec-9-en-1-ol
cis-9-octadecenol
cis-octadecen-1-ol
9-Octadecen-1-ol
(Z)-9-octadecenol
Oleylalcohol
Genapol O
HD-Eutanol
cis-Oleyl alcohol
Octadec-9Z-enol
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol
9Z-Octadecen-1-ol
( Z)-9-octadecenol
Witcohol 85 (TN)
9-Octadecen-1-ol, (9Z)-
NSC-10999
9-Octadecen-1-ol, cis-
172F2WN8DV
MFCD00002993
0leyl alcohol
9-Octadecenol
HSDB 6484
EINECS 205-597-3
NSC 10999
UNII-172F2WN8DV
AI3-07620
Lipocol O
Anjecol 90N
Unjecol 90N
(Z)-oleyl alcohol
Anjecol 90NR
Unjecol 90NR
Francol OA-95
Fancol OA-95
cis 9 octadecen-1-ol
cis-9-0ctadecen-1-ol
9(Z)-Octadecen-1-ol
HD-Echelon 90/95
cis-octadec-9-en-1-ol
Octadeca-9-cis-en-1-ol
EC 205-597-3
cis-.DELTA.9-Octadecenol
SCHEMBL5668
(Z)-octadeca-9-en-1-ol
DTXCID502010
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol
Octadec-9-en-1-ol, (Z)-
CHEMBL2105350
CIS-9-OCTADECENOL
Oleyl alcohol, analytical standard
cis-Laquo deltaRaquo 9-Octadecenol
NSC10999
OLEYL ALCOHOL
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol, 85%
LMFA05000213
AKOS004910411
NCGC00164365-01
NCGC00164365-02
NCGC00257665-01
BS-42539
CAS-143-28-2
(Z)-OCTADEC-9-ENOL
9-OCTADECEN-1-OL
9-OCTADECEN-1-OL, (9Z)-
9OCTADECEN1OL, (Z)
CIS-9-OCTADECENYL ALCOHOL
HYDROXYOCTADEC-9-ENE
OLEIC ALCOHOL
(9Z)-Octadec-9-en-1-ol
(Z)-9-OCTADECEN-1-OL
(Z)-9-octadecenol
143-28-2 [RN]
205-597-3 [EINECS]
9-Octadecen-1-ol
9-Octadecen-1-ol, cis-
9Z-octadecen-1-ol
cis-9-Octadecen-1-ol
cis-Octadecen-1-ol
Oleic alcohol
Oleyl Alcohol
RG4120000
Z-9-Dodecen-1-ol
( Z)-9-octadecenol
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol, 85per cent
(9Z)octadec-9-en-1-ol
(9Z)-octadecen-1-ol
(Z)-Octadec-9-en-1-ol
(Z)-Octadec-9-enol
(Z)-oleyl alcohol
9(Z)-Octadecen-1-ol
9-Octadecen-1-ol
9-Octadecen-1-ol, (Z)-
Anjecol 90N
Anjecol 90NR
cis-9-0ctadecen-1-ol
cis-9-octadecenol
CIS-9-OCTADECENYL ALCOHOL
cis-δ9-Octadecenol
Conditioner 1
CONDITIONER 1|(9Z)-OCTADEC-9-EN-1-OL
Crodacol A.10
Crodacol-O
D05245
Dermaffine
EINECS 205-597-3
Elaidyl alcohol
Fancol OA-95
Francol OA-95
H.D. eutanol
HD-Echelon 90/95
HD-Eutanol
HD-Ocenol 90/95 V
Lancol
Lipocol O
Loxanol 95
Loxanol M
NCGC00164365-01
Novol
Ocenol
Oceol
octadec-9-en-1-ol
Octadec-9-en-1-ol, (Z)-
Octadec-9Z-enol
Octadeca-9-cis-en-1-ol
octadecenol
Oleo alcohol
Oleol
Oleoyl alcohol
Oleyl alcohol
Oleyl alcohol, (Z)-isomer
Oleylalcohol
Olive alcohol
Polyoxyl 10 oleyl ether
Satol
Sipol O
OLEYL ALCOHOL
DESCRIPTION:
Oleyl alcohol or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, is an unsaturated fatty alcohol with the molecular formula C18H36O or the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)7−CH=CH−(CH2)8OH.
Oleyl alcohol is a colorless oil, mainly used in cosmetics.
Oleyl alcohol can be produced by the hydrogenation of oleic acid esters by Bouveault–Blanc reduction, which avoids reduction of the C=C group (as would occur with usual catalytic hydrogenation).

CAS Number: 143-28-2
European Community (EC) Number: 205-597-3
IUPAC name: (Z)-Octadec-9-en-1-ol
Molecular Formula: C18H36O

Oleyl alcohol has been reported as an effective solvent for oil/water-type tacrolimus (FK506) cream formulation, useful for atopic dermatitis treatment.
It was reported as diluting agent for Alamine 336.
Palm oil esters derived from oleyl alcohol, have potential applications in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries due to the excellent wetting behavior of the esters without the oily feel.

The required oleate esters are obtained from beef fat, fish oil, and, in particular, olive oil (from which it gains its name).
The original procedure was reported by Louis Bouveault in 1904 and subsequently refined.

Oleyl alcohol has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmetic products including shampoos and hair conditioners.
Oleyl alcohol has also been investigated as a carrier for delivering medications through the skin or mucus membranes; particularly the lungs.
(9Z)-octadecen-1-ol is a long chain fatty alcohol that is octadecanol containing a double bond located at position 9 (the Z-geoisomer).

Oleyl alcohol has a role as a nonionic surfactant and a metabolite.
Oleyl alcohol is a long-chain primary fatty alcohol and a fatty alcohol 18:1.
Oleyl alcohol is a natural product found in Ruvettus pretiosus and Bombus hortorum with data available.

Oleyl alcohol is a linear, primary alcohol that has a hydroxyl group at the end of the carbon chain. It is used in the manufacture of detergents and as a food additive.
Oleyl alcohol has been shown to inhibit cell lysis in human leukemia HL-60 cells, and to possess anti-inflammatory properties.
The optimum concentration for oleyl alcohol is between 0.01% and 1%, although it can be used up to 20%.

Oleyl alcohol may also be effective against bacterial enzymes when combined with metoprolol succinate, which can enhance its effects on enzyme activity by up to 3 times.
Oleyl alcohol is found naturally in olive oil and other plants, which makes it a safe compound for use in cosmetics or other products.

Cis-9-octadecenol, also known as oleyl alcohol, is a fatty alcohol that can be found naturally in both plant and animal sources.
Its physical characteristics include being a colorless, waxy solid with a melting point around 25°C (77°F) that is insoluble in water.
Oleyl alcohol has many positive properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer effects, as well as the ability to inhibit certain types of bacteria.

Oleyl alcohol is a surfactant, which means it lowers the surface tension of water and other solutions.
This property makes Oleyl alcohol useful for penetrating the skin and other tissues, as well as interacting with proteins and other molecules.
Oleyl alcohol also interacts with cell membranes, which can impact cell function and structure.


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT OLEYL ALCOHOL:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF OLEYL ALCOHOL:
Chemical formula C18H36O
Molar mass 268.485 g•mol−1
Density 0.845-0.855 g/cm3
Melting point 13 to 19 °C (55 to 66 °F; 286 to 292 K)
Boiling point 330 to 360 °C (626 to 680 °F; 603 to 633 K)
Solubility in water Insoluble
Molecular Weight 268.5 g/mol
XLogP3 7.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 1
Rotatable Bond Count 15
Exact Mass 268.276615768 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 268.276615768 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 20.2Ų
Heavy Atom Count 19
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 175
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 1
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Grade: technical grade
Quality Level: 200
Assay: 85%
Form: liquid
refractive index: n20/D 1.46 (lit.)
bp: 207 °C/13 mmHg (lit.)
mp: 0-5.0 °C (lit.)
density: 0.849 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Appearance: colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 85.00 to 100.00 sum of isomers
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.84200 to 0.85400 @ 20.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.014 to 7.114
Refractive Index: 1.45000 to 1.46600 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: 1.00 to 6.50 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 207.00 °C. @ 13.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 334.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.000010 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 338.00 °F. TCC ( 170.00 °C. )
logP (o/w): 7.796 (est)
Soluble in:
alcohol
water, 0.02367 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Insoluble in: Water

SYNONYMS OF OLEYL ALCOHOL:
(Z)-octadec-9-enol
cis-9-octadecen-1-ol
Oleol
oleyl alcohol
oleyl alcohol, (Z)-isomer
OLEYL ALCOHOL
(Z)-octadec-9-en-1-ol
143-28-2
cis-9-Octadecen-1-ol
Ocenol
Dermaffine
Lancol
Novol
Oceol
Oleol
Satol
Oleic alcohol
Oleo alcohol
Crodacol-O
Conditioner 1
Loxanol M
Atalco O
Siponol OC
Sipol O
(Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol
Cachalot O-1
Cachalot O-3
Cachalot O-8
H.D. eutanol
HD-Ocenol K
Loxanol 95
Unjecol 50
Unjecol 70
Unjecol 90
Oleoyl alcohol
Olive alcohol
Cachalot O-15
Crodacol A.10
Unjecol 110
HD oleyl alcohol CG
cis-9-Octadecenyl alcohol
Adol 34
Adol 80
Adol 85
Adol 90
Witcohol 85
Witcohol 90
HD-Ocenol 90/95
9-Octadecen-1-ol, (Z)-
Z-9-Dodecen-1-ol
HD oleyl alcohol 70/75
HD oleyl alcohol 80/85
HD oleyl alcohol 90/95
(Z)-Octadec-9-enol
Adol 320
Adol 330
Adol 340
(9Z)-octadec-9-en-1-ol
cis-9-octadecenol
cis-octadecen-1-ol
9-Octadecen-1-ol
(Z)-9-octadecenol
Oleylalcohol
Genapol O
HD-Eutanol
cis-Oleyl alcohol
Octadec-9Z-enol
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol
9Z-Octadecen-1-ol
Oleyl alcohol (NF)
Oleyl alcohol [NF]
( Z)-9-octadecenol
Witcohol 85 (TN)
9-Octadecen-1-ol, (9Z)-
NSC-10999
9-Octadecen-1-ol, cis-
172F2WN8DV
DTXSID0022010
FEMA NO. 4363
CHEBI:73504
MFCD00002993
0leyl alcohol
9-Octadecenol
HSDB 6484
EINECS 205-597-3
NSC 10999
UNII-172F2WN8DV
AI3-07620
Lipocol O
Anjecol 90N
Unjecol 90N
(Z)-oleyl alcohol
Anjecol 90NR
Unjecol 90NR
Francol OA-95
Fancol OA-95
cis 9 octadecen-1-ol
cis-9-0ctadecen-1-ol
9(Z)-Octadecen-1-ol
HD-Echelon 90/95
cis-octadec-9-en-1-ol
Octadeca-9-cis-en-1-ol
EC 205-597-3
cis-.DELTA.9-Octadecenol
HD-Ocenol 90/95 V
OLEYL ALCOHOL [II]
OLEYL ALCOHOL [MI]
SCHEMBL5668
(Z)-octadeca-9-en-1-ol
OLEYL ALCOHOL [INCI]
OLEYL ALCOHOL [VANDF]
OLEYL ALCOHOL [MART.]
DTXCID502010
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol #
Octadec-9-en-1-ol, (Z)-
OLEYL ALCOHOL [USP-RS]
OLEYL ALCOHOL [WHO-DD]
CHEMBL2105350
Oleyl alcohol, >=99% (GC)
CIS-9-OCTADECENOL [FHFI]
Oleyl alcohol, analytical standard
cis-Laquo deltaRaquo 9-Octadecenol
NSC10999
OLEYL ALCOHOL [EP IMPURITY]
Tox21_200111
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol, 85%
LMFA05000213
OLEYL ALCOHOL [EP MONOGRAPH]
Oleyl alcohol, technical grade, 85%
AKOS004910411
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol, 85per cent
Oleyl alcohol, technical, ~60% (GC)
NCGC00164365-01
NCGC00164365-02
NCGC00257665-01
BS-42539
CAS-143-28-2
DB-007794
HY-141573
CS-0181666
O0058
D05245
A884989
EN300-21584642
Q7086489
W-109512
3164D881-7E14-4979-9E60-58DDC0468323
Oleyl alcohol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

OLEYL ALCOHOL 5 EO
Oleyl Alcohol 5 EO Oleyl alcohol 5 EO /ˈoʊliˌɪl, ˈoʊliəl/,[1] octadecenol /ˌɒktəˈdɛsɪˌnɒl/, or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, is an unsaturated fatty alcohol with the molecular formula C18H36O or the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)8OH. It is a colorless oil, mainly used in cosmetics.[2] Oleyl alcohol 5 EO can be produced by the hydrogenation of oleic acid esters by Bouveault–Blanc reduction, which avoids reduction of the C=C group (as would occur with usual catalytic hydrogenation). The required oleate esters are obtained from beef fat, fish oil, and, in particular, olive oil (from which it gains its name). The original procedure was reported by Louis Bouveault in 1904[3] and subsequently refined. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmetic products including shampoos and hair conditioners. It has also been investigated as a carrier for delivering medications through the skin or mucus membranes; particularly the lungs. Oleic acid - the corresponding fatty acid Oleylamine - the corresponding amine Oleamide - the corresponding amide Oleyl alcohol 5 EO, or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, is an unsaturated fatty alcohol with the molecular formula C18H36O or the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)8OH.It can be produced by the hydrogenation of oleic acid esters; which can be obtained naturally from beef fat, fish oil and in particular oliveoil (from which it gains its name). Production by the Bouveault-Blanc reduction of ethyl oleate or n-butyl oleate esters was reported by Louis Bouveault in1904 and subsequently refined.It has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmeticproducts including shampoos and hair conditioners. It has also been investigated as a carrier for delivering medications through the skin or mucus membranes;particularly the lungs.It is a non-ionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol. It has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skincreams, lotions Oleyl alcohol 5 EO and Octyldodecanol are long chain fatty alcohols. Stearyl Alcohol is a white, waxy solid with a faint odor, while Oleyl alcohol 5 EO and Octyldodecanol are clear, colorless liquids. These three ingredients are found in a wide variety of products such as hair conditioners, foundations, eye makeup, skin moisturizers, skin cleansers and other skin care products.Oleyl alcohol 5 EO and Octyldodecanol help to form emulsions and prevent an emulsion from separating into its oil and liquid components. These ingredients also reduce the tendency of finished products to generate foam when shaken. When used in the formulation of skin care products, Stearyl Alcohol, Oleyl alcohol 5 EO and Octyldodecanol act as a lubricants on the skin surface, which gives the skin a soft, smooth appearance. Uses Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is a nonionic surfactant used as a hair coating in shampoos and conditioners.Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is used as an emollient (skin softener), emulsifier, and thickener in creams and lotions. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO, octadecenol, or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, is a fatty alcohol coming from inedible beef fat. It is also found in fish oil. Its chemical formula is C18H36O or CH3(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)8OH. It is a non-ionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol. It has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmetic products, plasticizer for softening fabrics, surfactant and hair coating in shampoos and hair conditioners, and a carrier for medications. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is classified under CAS No.143-28-2.Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is also known as cis-9-octadecen-1-ol.Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is a non-ionic, unsaturatedfatty alcohol, a long-chain aliphatic alcohol that occurs naturally in fish oils.Oleyl alcohol 5 EO prepared by synthetic reduction of plant-derived oleic acid. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO can be used in large scale applications as the softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, and in production of carbon paper,stencil paper, and printing ink.Oleyl alcohol 5 EO also utilized as an antifoam agent and cutting lubricant.Oleyl alcohol 5 EO also known as precursor for the preparation of its sulfuric ester derivatives, which are used in detergents and wetting agents.Oleyl alcohol 5 EO has also been incorporated into various formulations for drug delivery.Oleyl alcohol 5 EO can also be used as a non-ionicsurfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many othercosmetic products. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO also used as plasticizer for softening fabrics, surfactant and hair coating in shampoos and hair conditioners, and a carrier for medications. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO (also octadecenol or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol) is a non-ionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol. It is an emulsion stabilizer, antifoam agent, detergent, and release agent for food applications. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is found in fish oils and inedible beef fat. It belongs to the family of fatty alcohols. These are aliphatic alcohols consisting of a chain of 8 to 22 carbon atoms (do not have to bear a carboxylic acid group Substituents Long chain fatty alcohol Organic oxygen compound Hydrocarbon derivative Primary alcohol Organooxygen compound Alcohol Aliphatic acyclic compound Stearyl Alcohol, Oleyl alcohol 5 EO, and Octyl Dodecanol are long-chain saturated or unsaturated (Oleyl) fatty alcohols. They are used in numerous cosmetic product categories at concentrations of less than 0.1 percent to greater than 50 percent.The metabolism of Stearyl Alcohol and Oleyl alcohol 5 EO in rats is described. The results of acute oral toxicity studies indicate a very low order of toxicity. In rabbit irritation tests, these alcohols produced minimal ocular irritation and minimal to mild cutaneous irritation. Stearyl Alcohol produced no evidence of contact sensitization or comedogenicity.Clinical patch testing indicates a very low order of skin irritation potential and sensitization. Photoreactivity studies on products containing these ingredients were negative for phototoxicity or photosensitization.Based on the available data, it is concluded that Stearyl Alcohol, Oleyl alcohol 5 EO, and Octyl Dodecanol are safe as currently used in cosmetics. Applications Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is used in softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, and in the production of carbon paper, stencil paper, and printing ink. It finds application in cosmetic products viz skin creams and lotions as a thickner, hair conditioners and hair coating shampoos. It is utilized as an antifoaming agent and cutting lubricant, as the precursor for the preparation of its sulfuric ester derivatives, which are used in detergents and wetting agents. It plays a vital role in various formulations for drug delivery. Occurs in fish oils. Emulsion stabiliser, antifoam agent, detergent and release agent for food applications Oleyl alcohol 5 EO, octadecenol, or cis-9-octadecen-1 -ol, is a fatty alcohol coming from inedible beef fat. It is also found in fish oil. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is used in softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, and in the production of carbon paper, stencil paper, and printing ink. It finds application in cosmetic products viz skin creams and lotions as a thickner, hair conditioners and hair coating shampoos. It is utilized as an antifoaming agent and cutting lubricant, as the precursor for the preparation of its sulfuric ester derivatives, which are used in detergents and wetting agents. It plays a vital role in various formulations for drug delivery. Solubility Miscible with alcohol and ether. Slightly miscible with carbon tetrachloride. Immiscible with water. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is a fatty alcohol which is usually found in fish oil and beef fat. It is unsaturated and non-ionic in nature which shares a wide scope in various application as well as end-user industries. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is used in an extensive range of applications such as lotions, thickener in skin creams, emulsifiers, surfactants, hair coatings, hair conditioners, and plasticizers for softening fabrics. The global market for Oleyl alcohol 5 EO has been witnessing significant growth on account of increasing demand from its application industries such as personal care. It is used in a variety of applications such as surfactants, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. One of the major opportunities for the surfactant industry is bio-based surfactants where rising awareness among consumers towards eco-friendly products has noticeably contributed towards the growing demand for Oleyl alcohol 5 EO in surfactants. Surfactants also share a broad application scope as foaming agents, emulsifiers, detergents, and wetting agents. Conditioning and detergency are some of the vital properties of surfactants due to which they share a wide application scope. Major applications of Oleyl alcohol 5 EO-based surfactants include personal care, textile, pharmaceutical, soap and detergent among others. Key manufacturers have entered into several collaborations and agreements with other companies for the marketing of new products as well as garnering a larger share in the market. Other applications of Oleyl alcohol 5 EO include plasticizer for use in fabrics. The market for Oleyl alcohol 5 EO in plasticizers has been witnessing noticeable growth due to changing lifestyles and emerging global economies in Asia Pacific and Latin America. Additionally, growing environmental awareness and rising legal provisions have been serving as a catalyst for the plasticizers market with developments in various emerging economies such as Brazil, Russia, China and India. Matured regions such as Europe and North America accounted for the highest demand for Oleyl alcohol 5 EO due to the presence of vast hair care and skin care industries in these regions resulting in significant demand for the chemical. Moreover, emerging economies in Asia Pacific such as Japan, China and India are anticipated to witness the fastest growth rate over the forecast period on account of growing hair care, skin care and pharmaceutical industries in the region. Various factors such as rising awareness regarding healthy hair and skin among consumers as well as changing lifestyles is expected to boost the demand for personal care products which in turn is anticipated to contribute towards the demand for Oleyl alcohol 5 EO. Increased demand for personal care products such as hair care and skin care is expected to be another important factor that triggers the need for Oleyl alcohol 5 EO, due to increased awareness of hair and skin. In addition, the increasing demand for drugs is also expected to contribute to the increased demand for Oleyl alcohol 5 EO in the production of various drugs and ointments during the forecast period. In addition, due to low cost and ease of use, the increase in alcohol consumption in surfactants has contributed significantly to the growth of the market. However, fluctuating prices of major raw materials have been a major concern for producers and are expected to limit the growth of the market. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO focusing on the commercialization and development of cost-effective bio-based surfactants, is expected to provide new opportunities for the growth of the market. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO It is a clear, colorless liquid. It is found in a wide variety of products such as hair conditioners, skin moisturizers, skin cleansers and other skin care products.Oleyl alcohol 5 EO helps to form emulsions and prevent an emulsion from separating into its oil and liquid components. When used in the formulation of skin care products, it acts as a lubricants on the skin surface, which gives the skin a soft, smooth appearance.Increasing demand for personal care products such as hair care and skin care on account of rising awareness for hair and skin is expected to be another major factor driving the demand for Oleyl alcohol 5 EO. Moreover, growing demand for pharmaceuticals is also expected to contribute towards the growing demand for Oleyl alcohol 5 EO in the production of various drugs and ointments within the forecast period. In addition, increasing consumption of Oleyl alcohol 5 EO in surfactants due to their low cost and ease of availability has also contributed significantly towards the growth of the market. However, fluctuating prices of key feedstock materials has been major concern for the manufacturers and is expected to limit the growth of the market. Focus on commercializing and developing cost-effective bio-based surfactants using Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is anticipated to provide new opportunities for the growth of the market. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO Usage Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is used in the treatment, control, prevention of the following diseases, conditions and symptoms: Psoriasis Seborrheic dermatitis Skin creams and lotions thickener Hair softening Oleyl alcohol 5 EO - Side effects It is a list of possible side effects from the medicines containing Oleyl alcohol 5 EO. This is not a comprehensive list. These side effects are likely to be seen, but not always. Some of the side effects are rare, but they can be very serious. Consult your doctor if you observe any of the following side effects, especially those that do not persist despite your waiting period. Skin irritation Irritation of the head skin Skin / hair coloring Oleyl alcohol 5 EO Study, Action Mechanism and Pharmacology Oleyl alcohol 5 EO improves the condition of the patient by performing the following functions: The skin is causing dead cells from the upper layer. Inhibit phosphatidylcholine synthesis. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO, or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, is an unsaturated fatty alcohol with the molecular formula C18H36O or the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)8OH.It can be produced by the hydrogenation of oleic acid esters; which can be obtained naturally from beef fat, fish oil and in particular oliveoil (from which it gains its name). Production by the Bouveault-Blanc reduction of ethyl oleate or n-butyl oleate esters was reported by Louis Bouveault in1904 and subsequently refined.It has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmeticproducts including shampoos and hair conditioners. It has also been investigated as a carrier for delivering medications through the skin or mucus membranes;particularly the lungs.It is a non-ionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol. It has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skincreams, lotions Oleyl alcohol 5 EO and Octyldodecanol are long chain fatty alcohols. Stearyl Alcohol is a white, waxy solid with a faint odor, while Oleyl alcohol 5 EO and Octyldodecanol are clear, colorless liquids. These three ingredients are found in a wide variety of products such as hair conditioners, foundations, eye makeup, skin moisturizers, skin cleansers and other skin care products.Oleyl alcohol 5 EO and Octyldodecanol help to form emulsions and prevent an emulsion from separating into its oil and liquid components. These ingredients also reduce the tendency of finished products to generate foam when shaken. When used in the formulation of skin care products, Stearyl Alcohol, Oleyl alcohol 5 EO and Octyldodecanol act as a lubricants on the skin surface, which gives the skin a soft, smooth appearance. Uses Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is a nonionic surfactant used as a hair coating in shampoos and conditioners.Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is used as an emollient (skin softener), emulsifier, and thickener in creams and lotions. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO, octadecenol, or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, is a fatty alcohol coming from inedible beef fat. It is also found in fish oil. Its chemical formula is C18H36O or CH3(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)8OH. It is a non-ionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol. It has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmetic products, plasticizer for softening fabrics, surfactant and hair coating in shampoos and hair conditioners, and a carrier for medications. (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol is a long chain fatty alcohol that is octadecanol containing a double bond located at position 9 (the Z-geoisomer). It has a role as a nonionic surfactant and a metabolite. It is a long-chain primary fatty alcohol and a fatty alcohol 18:1. A mixture of cis-9[1(-14)C] octadecenol and [1(-14)C] docosanol was injected into the brains of 19-day-old rats, and incorporation of radioactivity into brain lipids was determined after 3, 12, and 24 hr. Both alcohols were metabolized by the brain but at different rates; each was oxidized to the corresponding fatty acid, but oleic acid was more readily incorporated into polar lipids. Substantial amounts of radioactivity were incorporated into 18:1 alkyl and alk-1-enyl moieties of the ethanolamine phosphoglycerides and into 18:1 alkyl moieties of the choline phosphoglycerides. Even after the disappearance of the 18:1 alcohol from the substrate mixture (12 hr), the 22:0 alcohol was not used to any measurable extent for alkyl and alk-1-enylglycerol formation. cis-9-Octadecenyl alcohol (Oleyl alcohol 5 EO), orally administered, increased the relative concentration of 18:1 alkyl and alk-1-enyl moieties in alkoxylipids of the small intestine of rats. Farnesol (FOH) inhibits the CDP-choline pathway for PtdCho (phosphatidylcholine) synthesis, an activity that is involved in subsequent induction of apoptosis /SRP: programmed cell death/. Interestingly, the rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway, CCTalpha (CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase alpha), is rapidly activated, cleaved by caspases and exported from the nucleus during FOH-induced apoptosis. The purpose of the present study was to determine how CCTalpha activity and PtdCho synthesis contributed to induction of apoptosis by FOH and Oleyl alcohol 5 EO. Contrary to previous reports, /the authors/ show that the initial effect of FOH and Oleyl alcohol 5 EO was a rapid (10-30 min) and transient activation of PtdCho synthesis. During this period, the mass of DAG (diacylglycerol) decreased by 40%, indicating that subsequent CDP-choline accumulation and inhibition of PtdCho synthesis could be due to substrate depletion. At later time points (>1 h), FOH and Oleyl alcohol 5 EO promoted caspase cleavage and nuclear export of CCTalpha, which was prevented by treatment with oleate or DiC8 (dioctanoylglycerol). Protection from FOH-induced apoptosis required CCTalpha activity and PtdCho synthesis since (i) DiC8 and oleate restored PtdCho synthesis, but not endogenous DAG levels, and (ii) partial resistance was conferred by stable overexpression of CCTalpha and increased PtdCho synthesis in CCTalpha-deficient MT58 cells. These results show that DAG depletion by FOH or Oleyl alcohol 5 EO could be involved in inhibition of PtdCho synthesis. However, decreased DAG was not sufficient to induce apoptosis provided nuclear CCTalpha and PtdCho syntheses were sustained. Residues of Oleyl alcohol 5 EO are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a cosolvent (limit: 15%) in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest. Hydrophilic and lipophilic formulations of naproxen were prepared, and the influence of the excipients in the formulations on the ulcerogenic potential of naproxen was investigated in rats. Doses of naproxen suspensions ranging from 3.125-100 mg/kg were administered to fasted rats and excised stomachs were examined macroscopically for the incidence and severity of lesions. Results were expressed as the 50% ulceration dose. Results of the study showed that a lipophilic formulation containing Oleyl alcohol 5 EO provided the greatest gastric protection. Long-chain fatty acids are important nutrients, but obesity is the most common nutritional disorder in humans. In this study /the authors/ investigated the effect of Oleyl alcohol 5 EO on the intestinal long-chain fatty acid absorption in rats. ...[14C]Oleic acid and Oleyl alcohol 5 EO /was administered/ as lipid emulsion intraduodenally in unanesthetized lymph-cannulated rats and measured the lymphatic output of oleic acid. ... Lipid emulsion /was then administered/ with a stomach tube and ... the luminal and mucosal oleic acid residues /were measured/. Furthermore, rats were fed Oleyl alcohol 5 EO as a dietary component for 20 days, and fecal lipid and the weight of adipose tissues were measured. In lymph-cannulated rats, triglyceride and [14C]oleic acid output in the lymph were significantly lower in the presence of Oleyl alcohol 5 EO when compared with the absence of Oleyl alcohol 5 EO in a dose-dependent manner. The radioactivity remaining in the intestinal lumen was more strongly detected in rats that had been orally administered Oleyl alcohol 5 EO than in the controls. The feces of rats fed an oleyl-alcohol-added diet contained much higher amounts of lipids, and the weights of their adipose tissues were significantly lower than in the control group. These results suggest that Oleyl alcohol 5 EO inhibits the rat gastrointestinal absorption of long-chain fatty acids in vivo. Studies of the influence of fatty acids, which were the component of intestinal mucosal lipids, on the permeability of several drugs across bilayer lipid membranes generated from egg phosphatidylcholine and intestinal lipid have been pursued. The permeability coefficients of p-aminobenzoic acid, salicylic acid and p-aminosalicylic acid (anionic-charged drug) increased when fatty acids such as lauric, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid were incorporated into the bilayer lipid membranes generated from phosphatidylcholine. In the presence of methyl linoleate and Oleyl alcohol 5 EO, no enhancing effect on p-aminobenzoic acid transfer was obtained. The effect of fatty acids was more marked at pH 6.5 than at pH 4.5. In contrast, upon the addition of fatty acids to intestinal lipid membranes which originally contained fatty acids, the permeability coefficient of p-aminobenzoic acid tended to decrease, though the permeability through intestinal lipid membranes was larger than that of phosphatidylcholine membranes. The permeability of p-aminobenzoic acid across bilayer lipid membranes from intestinal phospholipids was significantly decreased to about equal that of phosphatidylcholine membranes, and reverted to the value of intestinal lipid membranes when fatty acids were added to intestinal phospholipids. It seemed reasonable to assume that free fatty acids in the intestinal neutral lipid fraction could contribute to the increase in the permeability of p-aminobenzoic acid. On the basis of above results, possible mechanisms for good absorbability of weakly acidic drugs from the intestine are discussed. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of sensitization to fatty alcohols in a group of patients with suspected cosmetic or medicament contact dermatitis. From May 1992 to September 1995, we patch tested a series of 5 fatty alcohols on 146 patients. These included 108 females and 38 males aged from 13 to 72 years (mean age 42.5). These patients, who had previously been tested with the GIRDCA standard series, were selected because their clinical lesions or histories indicated topical preparations as the possible source of their contact dermatitis. High-grade fatty alcohols (> 99% pure) were used for testing. 34 patients (23.2%), 25 female and 9 male aged from 14 to 72 years, showed a positive patch test to fatty alcohols, 33 of them to Oleyl alcohol 5 EO. A total of 39 reactions were detected with 5 patients showing more than 1 positive reaction. Our results show that sensitization to Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is not rare in patients with contact dermatitis due to cosmetics or topical medicaments. Acute Exposure/ ... Up to 50% glycerol, 10% hydroxyethyl lactamide (HELA), 10% Oleyl alcohol 5 EO, 10% Solketal, 10% glycofurol, 100% tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) and 10% urea induced no discernible change in the histological appearance of the skin whereas 100% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), 100% dimethyl formamide (DMF), 100% N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 10% Azone, 10% oleic acid, 10% methyl laurate, 10% benzyl alcohol and 10% glycerol formal caused severe skin irritation. Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ ... In lymph-cannulated rats, triglyceride and [14C]oleic acid output in the lymph were significantly lower in the presence of Oleyl alcohol 5 EO when compared with the absence of Oleyl alcohol 5 EO in a dose-dependent manner. The radioactivity remaining in the intestinal lumen was more strongly detected in rats that had been orally administered Oleyl alcohol 5 EO than in the controls. The feces of rats fed an oleyl-alcohol-added diet contained much higher amounts of lipids, and the weights of their adipose tissues were significantly lower than in the control group. Three unsaturated fatty alcohols at 35-50 microM inhibited DNA synthesis and the proliferation of tumor cells by a combination with hyperthermia to greater extents in the order: oleyl (C18:1)-> linoleyl (C18:2)-> alpha-linolenyl (C18:3) alcohol. Two saturated fatty alcohols, palmityl (C16:0)- and stearyl (C18:0) alcohols, did not inhibit at the same concentrations. At 100 microM, palmityl alcohol inhibited, whereas stearyl alcohol did not. ... The inhibition of the unsaturated fatty alcohols on DNA synthesis and proliferation was nearly proportional to the amount of their intercellular accumulation at 37 degrees C or 42 degrees C; the most inhibitory, Oleyl alcohol 5 EO, was the most membrane-permeable, whilst inversely the least inhibitory, alpha-linolenyl alcohol, was the least permeable. A proportional correlation was not observed for saturated fatty alcohols Oleyl alcohol 5 EO's use as a chemical intermediate, automotive lubricant, defoamer, cosolvent and plasticizer for printing ink, and as a cosmetic emollient may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is a natural product in fish oils. If released to the air, an estimated vapor pressure of 9.3X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates Oleyl alcohol 5 EO will exist in both the vapor and particulate-phases in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase Oleyl alcohol 5 EO will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4.9 hours and ozone radicals in the troposphere with an estimated half-life of 2.1 hours. Particulate-phase Oleyl alcohol 5 EO will be removed from the atmosphere by wet or dry deposition. If released to soil, Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is expected to have no mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 1.3X10+4. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.6X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization. One microbial study which used pure cultures suggests that biodegradation may be an important fate process of Oleyl alcohol 5 EO in soil and water, but no rate data are available. If released to water, Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 8 hours and 7.4 days, respectively. However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 163 days if adsorption is considered. An estimated BCF of 420 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to Oleyl alcohol 5 EO may occur through inhalation of vapors or through eye and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is produced or used. The general public may be exposed to Oleyl alcohol 5 EO by dermal contact during the use of cosmetics in which it is contained as a cosmetic emollient and through fish consumption. Oleyl alcohol 5 EO's use as a chemical intermediate, automotive lubricant, defoamer, cosolvent and plasticizer for printing ink, and as a cosmetic emollient(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1.3X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of Oleyl alcohol 5 EO from moist soil surfaces may be expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.6X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 9.3X10-5 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4). However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization(SRC). Based on one microbial study, Oleyl alcohol 5 EO was found to be utilized as the sole carbon source by bacteria, yeast, and fungi(5). Although this study provides little insight into the rate of biodegradation in soil, it suggests that biodegradation in soil may be important(SRC). Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1.23X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.6X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 8 hours and 7.4 days, respectively(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 163 days if adsorption is considered(5). Alcohols are generally resistant to hydrolysis(6). According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 420(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 7.5(8) and a regression-derived equation(9), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Based on one microbial study, Oleyl alcohol 5 EO was found to be utilized as the sole carbon source by bacteria, yeast, and fungi(10). Although this study provides little insight into the rate of biodegradation in water, it suggests that biodegradation in water may be important(SRC). ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), Oleyl alcohol 5 EO, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 9.3X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase Oleyl alcohol 5 EO is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4.5 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase oleyl alchol may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of Oleyl alcohol 5 EO with ozone has been estimated as 1.3X10-16 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 2.1 hrs at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(4). AEROBIC: Oleyl alcohol 5 EO (10 g) was found to be utilized as the sole carbon source by bacteria (Pseudomonas) in 10 days at 30 °C and pH 6.8-7.0. In the same study, 10 g Oleyl alcohol 5 EO was utilized as the sole carbon source by 3 yeasts (Candida, Pichia, and an unknown) in 10 days at 30 °C and pH 6.8-7.0. It was also utilized by 3 fungi (Aspergillus, Penicillium, and an unknown) in 20 days at 20-25 °C and pH 5.5
OLEYL AMINE ETHOXYLATED 
1-Amino-9-octadecene; Oleinamine; 9-octadecenylamine; (Z)-9-Octadecen-1-amine; Oleamine; Oleylamin (German); cas no: 112-90-3
OLEYL AMINE  
oleyl amine oxide 2 eo; Oleylamine with 2 mol EO; Oleyl Amin Etoksilatlar; Coco Amin Etoksilatlar; Oleyl alcohol ethoxylate 2 EO; Tallow Amine Ethoxylate; cas no: 26635-93-8
oleyl amine oxide 2 eo
oleyl amine oxide 2 eo; Oleylamine with 2 mol EO; Oleyl Amin Etoksilatlar; Coco Amin Etoksilatlar; Oleyl alcohol ethoxylate 2 EO; Tallow Amine Ethoxylate; cas no: 26635-93-8
OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is used as surfactants in detergent formulations both, industrial and domestic.
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol also used as cleaning agents, scouring agents ,wetting agents and dispersants or emulsifiers in textile formulations.
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol's chemical formula is C34H68O


CAS NUMBER: 143-28-2 / 36653-82-4

EC NUMBER: -

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C34H68O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 492.9 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: (Z)-tetratriacont-25-en-16-ol



Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol has a role as a nonionic surfactant
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol also has a role as a metabolite.

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is a long-chain primary fatty alcohol
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is long chain fatty alcohols.

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is a surfactant
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is used in the manufacture of detergents

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol also used as a food additive.
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol has anti-inflammatory property

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is found naturally in olive oil and other plants
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is a non-ionic

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is unsaturated fatty alcohol.
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is an emulsion stabilizer

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is a non- ionic surfactant
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is a mixture of ethoxylated cetyl and ethoxylated oleyl alcohols

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is clear, colorless liquid.
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is mixtures of long-chain fatty alcohols.

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is a branched chain fatty alcohol.
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is also used as an emulsifiers for cooling lubricants and for drilling and cutting oils.
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol mainly used in cosmetics


USAGE AREAS:

*Cosmetic industry
*Cleaning products
*washing & cleaning products
*biocides
*coating products
*lubricants
*greases
*polishes
*waxes
*fertilisers
*anti-freeze products
*fillers
*putties
*plasters
*modelling clay
*finger paints


Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol has uses as a nonionic surfactant and emulsifier
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol can be used as an emollient and thickener in skin creams

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol can be used in lotions and many other cosmetic products
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is a long chain fatty alcohol

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is lubricious
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is used as an emollient in topical formulations.

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is a monounsaturated fatty alcohol
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol can produced by the reduction of oleic acid

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is an unsaturated fatty alcohol.
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol can be found naturally in both plant and animal sources.


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 492.9 g/mol

-XLogP3-AA: 15.8

-Exact Mass: 492.52701679 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 492.52701679 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.2Ų

-Solubility: Insoluble in water

-Refractive Index: 1.4582

-Color: Colourless to light yellow

-Form: Liquid

-Physical Description: Colourless to light yellow liquid

-Density: 0.85


Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is utilized as a cutting lubricant
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is used as the precursor for the preparation of its sulfuric ester derivatives

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is an emollient
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is a solvent
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is viscosity-increasing agent


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1

-Rotatable Bond Count: 30

-Heavy Atom Count: 35

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 388

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 1

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

-Chemical Classes: Other Uses -> Emulsifiers/Surfactants



Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is insoluble in water.
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer effects properties

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol can be used as an antifoam agent
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is used in detergent, and release agent

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is used food applications.
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol belongs to the family of fatty alcohols.

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is used in softening and lubrication of textile fabrics
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is used in the production of carbon paper, stencil paper, and printing ink.

Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol is used in hair conditioners
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol can be used in hair coating shampoos.



SYNONYMS:

oleyl-cetyl alcohol
SCHEMBL1070641
OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL
Oleyl cetyl alcohol has role nonionic surfactant
Oleyl cetyl alcohol belongs to the family of fatty alcohols.


CAS Number: 143-28-2
EC number: 205-597-3
Molecular Formula: C34H68O


Oleyl cetyl alcohol shows lower melting point compared to saturated long chain fatty alcohols.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is a long chain fatty alcohol that is octadecanol containing a double bond located at position 9 (the Z-geoisomer).
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is miscible with alcohol and ether.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol is an emulsifier, lubricant and foam controlling agent.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is a blend of unsaturated fatty alcohols.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is slightly miscible with carbon tetrachloride.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol is immiscible with water.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol has a role as a nonionic surfactant and a metabolite.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is a long-chain primary fatty alcohol.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol is a non-ionic, unsaturated fatty alcohol.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is found in fish oils and inedible beef fat.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol belongs to the family of fatty alcohols.


Organic synthesis and organic chemical compounds are what Oleyl cetyl alcohol is.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol's chemical formula is C34H68O, and its molecular weight is 492.9.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is a colorless oil, mainly used in cosmetics.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol is a natural product found in Ruvettus pretiosus and Bombus hortorum with data available.
Solid Oleyl cetyl alcohol is transparent.



USES and APPLICATIONS of OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL:
Oleyl cetyl alcohol has uses as a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmetic products including shampoos and hair conditioners.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is used in various industrial applications like automotive, paint, textile, Pharma and agrochemical.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol is used Cosmetics (conditioners, hair dyes, face musk).
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is an unsaturated fatty alcohol, that can be used a nonionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many other cosmetic products.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol is used in largescale applications as the softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, and the production of carbon paper, stencil paper, and printing ink.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol can also be used in transdermal drug delivery formulations.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol can be used in large scale applications as the softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, and in production of carbon paper, stencil paper and printing ink.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is used in various industrial applications like automotive, paint, textile, Pharma and agrochemical.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol is an unsaturated fatty alcohol, that can be used as a non-ionic surfactant, emulsifier, emollient, and thickener in many cosmetics such as skin creams, and lotions.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is used as a paint solvent and in textiles.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol can also be used as a non-ionicsurfactant, emulsifier, emollient and thickener in skin creams, lotions and many othercosmetic products.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is also utilized as an antifoam agent and cutting lubricant.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol is also used as plasticizer for softening fabrics, surfactant and hair coating in shampoos and hair conditioners, and a carrier for medications.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is used in oil and other personal care products.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol can be used in large scale applications as the softening and lubrication of textile fabrics, and in production of carbon paper,stencil paper, and printing ink.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is also used a precursor for the preparation of its sulfuric ester derivatives, which are used in detergents and wetting agents.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol also utilized as an antifoam agent and cutting lubricant.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol also used as plasticizer for softening fabrics, surfactant and hair coating in shampoos and hair conditioners, and a carrier for medications.


Oleyl cetyl alcohol has also been incorporated into various formulations for drug delivery.
Oleyl cetyl alcohol is an emulsion stabilizer, antifoam agent, detergent, and release agent for food applications.



FUNCTION OF OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL:
*Emulsion Stabilizer
*Viscosity Increasing Agent



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS of OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL:
-Primary alcohols
-Hydrocarbon derivatives



SUBSTITUENTS of OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL:
-Long chain fatty alcohol
-Organic oxygen compound
-Hydrocarbon derivative
-Primary alcohol
-Organooxygen compound
-Alcohol
-Aliphatic acyclic compound



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL:
Appearance Form: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 0 - 5,0 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 207 °C at 17 hPa - lit.
Flash point: 170 °C - closed cup
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available
Relative density: 0,8489 at 20 °C
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties No data available
Oxidizing properties No data available
Other safety information:
Surface tension: 66,53 mN/m at 25 °C
Boiling point: 330 - 360 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 0.85 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: 170 °C
Melting Point: 2 - 12 °C
Vapor pressure: 10.64 hPa (195 °C)



FIRST AID MEASURES of OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL:
-If inhaled:
*After inhalation:
Fresh air.
-In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
-In case of eye contact:
*After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
-If swallowed:
*After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor.



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) Foam Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL:
-Control parameters:
*Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 30 min
*Respiratory protection:
Not required.
*Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilitiesÇ
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Recommended storage temperature see product label.
-Specific end use(s):
No other specific uses are stipulated.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
oleyl-cetyl alcohol
SCHEMBL1070641
9-OCTADECEN-1-OL
CIS-9-OCTADECEN-1-OL
CIS-9-OCTADECENE-1-OL
DELTA 9 OLEYL ALCOHOL
JARCOL 95BJ
NOVOL
OCTADEC-9-EN-1-OL
OLEIC ALCOHOL
OLEYL ALCOHOL
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol
(z)-9-octadecen-1-o
(Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol
9-Octadecen-1-ol, (Z)-
9-Octadecen-1-ol, cis-
9-Octadecen-1-ol,(Z)-
9-octadecene-1-ol
Adol 320
Adol 330
Adol 34
Adol 340
(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol
(9Z)-Octadec-9-en-1-ol
(Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol
(Z)-9-Octadecenol
9-cis-Octadecenol
Dermaffine
HD-Eutano
Novol
Ocenol
Octadeca-9-cis-en-1-ol
Oleic alcohol
Oleo alcohol
cis-9-Octadecenyl alcohol
cis-Δ9-Octadecenol



OLEYL CETYL ALCOHOL 30/70
Oleyl Cetyl Alcohol 30/70 Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70, Ceto Stearyl Alcohol or cetearyl alcohol is a mixture of fatty alcohols, consisting predominantly of cetyl (16 C) and stearyl alcohols (18 C) and is classified as a fatty alcohol. . Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used as an emulsion stabilizer, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used as opacifying agent, and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used as foam boosting surfactant, as well as an aqueous and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used as nonaqueous viscosity-increasing agent. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 imparts an emollient feel to the skin and can be used in water-in-oil emulsions, oil-in-water emulsions, and anhydrous formulations. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is commonly used in hair conditioners and other hair products. What is Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 used for? Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used as an emulsion stabilizer, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used as opacifying agent, and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used as foam boosting surfactant, as well as an aqueous and nonaqueous viscosity-increasing agent. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 imparts an emollient feel to the skin and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 can be used in water-in-oil emulsions, oil-in-water emulsions, and anhydrous formulations. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a chemical found in cosmetic products Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a white, waxy substance made from cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol, both fatty alcohols. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is found in animals and plants, like coconut and palm oil. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 can also be made in a laboratory. Chemical name : Oleyl/ Cetyl alcohol 30/70 chemical name : Oleyl/ Cetyl alcohol 30/70 Appearance : white solid assay : C16: 10-25 %; C18: 70-90 % other : Hydroxyl value: 208-218 mgKOH/g Acid value: max 0,2mgKOH/g Saponification Value: max. 1 mg KOH/g Moisture : max 0,1 % Density : ca. 0,825 / 40 °C Packing : drums Einecs : 268-106-1 CAS No. : 68002-94-8 Synonym : Fettalkohol C 16/ C 18 und C 18 ungesättigt Product categories : alcohols, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in personal care products, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in mainly skin lotions, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in hair products, and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in creams. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 help create smoother creams, thicker lotions, and more stable foam products. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 are sometimes called long-chain alcohols because of their chemical formula. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 usually has an even number of carbon atoms, with a single alcohol group (–OH) attached to the last carbon. Cetyl alcohol has 16 carbon atoms. Stearyl alcohol has 18. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a combination of the two, so it has 34 carbon atoms. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 ’s molecular formula is C34H72O2. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 helps prevent creams from separating into oil and liquid. A chemical that helps to keep liquid and oil together is known as an emulsifier. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 may also make a product thicker or increase the product’s ability to foam. skin lotions. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in moisturizers. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in skin creams. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in sunscreen. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in shampoo. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in conditioners. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in hair removal creams. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in hair mousse. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in anti-frizz hair cream. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in hair dye. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in mascara. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 most often appears on the ingredient list as Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 , but may have many other names. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 isn’t the only fatty alcohol used in cosmetic products. Other examples include cetyl alcohol, lanolin, oleyl alcohol, and stearyl alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used to help soften the skin and hair and to thicken and stabilize cosmetic products, such as lotions and hair products. As an emollient, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is considered an effective ingredient for soothing and healing dry skin. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a extremely common multitasker ingredient that gives your skin a nice soft feel (emollient) and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 gives body to creams and lotions. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 also helps to stabilize oil-water mixes (emulsions), though Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 does not function as an emulsifier in itself. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 typical use level in most cream type formulas is 2-3%. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 (CH3 (CH2) nOH) is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohols from vegetable or synthetic sources. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 It is classified as a fatty alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a white, waxy solid substance in the form of flakes. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Fat soluble, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 but not water soluble. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 In the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 acts as an emulsion stabilizer; Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Matting agent; Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Surfactant - foam booster; and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 are used as viscosity increasing agents. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Usually used in creams and lotions. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Its melting point is 122 ° F (50 ° C) and the boiling point of Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is: 480. 2 ° F (249 ° C). Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 has a slight characteristic odor. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is found as white or pale yellow waxy mass or white flakes or granules. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Melts when heated, giving a colorless or pale yellow liquid without turbidity or dispersed particles. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Practically insoluble in water; Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is easily soluble in ether; soluble in alcohol and petroleum ether. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 When melted, it mixes with fixed oils, liquid paraffin and melted lanolin. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a mixture of solid aliphatic alcohols mainly composed of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 It is obtained by reducing the appropriate fatty acids. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 British Pharmacopoeia (BP) and the American National Formula (USNF) state that it should not contain less than 90% cetyl + stearyl alcohol and less than 40% stearyl alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in cream, ointment and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 as a hardener and Setostearyl Alcohol (Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 ) as emulsion stabilizer in other topical preparations. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 It is useful in the preparation of oil / water type emulsions that can remain stable over a wide pH range in combination with hydrophilic emulsifying agents. Also, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used to increase the softening effect of pomades prepared with paraffin. Although Setostearyl Alcohol (Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 ) is a nonirritant substance, hypersensitivity reactions have been reported due to the main components of Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 cetyl and stearyl alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a mixture of stearic and cetyl alcohols in equal proportions. In nature, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 this substance is found in the form of solid white granules of Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 with a characteristic odor. The undoubted advantage of cosmetics with Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is the extremely low probability of any of them. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is not the cheapest and most common substance. Considering the rather high cost of Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 cosmetics, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is not only possible to make their own preparation, but also highly desirable. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in the Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic industries. Appearance Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 It is oily, granular and solid. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is white in color. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 has a characteristic odor. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Appearance Oily, granular (Paste) and Solid Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Color White Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Odor It has a characteristic odor. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Danger In case of skin and eye contact, wash with plenty of water and soap. In case of inhalation or swallowing, apply to the nearest health facility. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Properties It is a granular, oily solid raw material with a specific light odor. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Usage Area Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Cosmetic product manufacturing and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 especially in hair cream production, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 ) The carrier is actively used in the production of hand and face creams or lotions. In addition, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 finds use in sweat scent products and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 sun care products. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 ; Cetylstearyl alcohol; Cetyl / stearyl alcohol Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 CAS number 67762-27-0 Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Properties Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Chemical formula CH 3 (CH 2) n-CH 2 -OH; n = variable, typically 14-16 Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Melting point 48 to 56 ° C (118 to 133 ° F; 321 to 329 K) [1] Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Unless otherwise stated, data are given for standardized materials (25 ° C [77 ° F] at 100 kPa). Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Melts when heated, giving a colorless or pale yellow liquid without turbidity or dispersed particles. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Practically insoluble in water; Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is easily soluble in ether; soluble in alcohol and petroleum ether. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 When melted, it mixes with fixed oils, liquid paraffin and melted lanolin. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a mixture of solid aliphatic alcohols mainly composed of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 It is obtained by reducing the appropriate fatty acids. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 British Pharmacopoeia (BP) and the American National Formula (USNF) state that it should not contain less than 90% cetyl + stearyl alcohol and less than 40% stearyl alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in cream, ointment and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 as a hardener and Setostearyl Alcohol (Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 ) as emulsion stabilizer in other topical preparations. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 It is useful in the preparation of oil / water type emulsions that can remain stable over a wide pH range in combination with hydrophilic emulsifying agents. Also, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used to increase the softening effect of pomades prepared with paraffin. Although Setostearyl Alcohol (Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 ) is a nonirritant substance, hypersensitivity reactions have been reported due to the main components of Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 cetyl and stearyl alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a mixture of stearic and cetyl alcohols in equal proportions. In nature, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 this substance is found in the form of solid white granules of Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 with a characteristic odor. The undoubted advantage of cosmetics with Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is the extremely low probability of any of them. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is not the cheapest and most common substance. Considering the rather high cost of Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 cosmetics, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is not only possible to make their own preparation, but also highly desirable. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in the Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic industries. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 (CH3 (CH2) nOH) is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohols that can come from vegetable or synthetic sources. It is classified as a fatty alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a flake-shaped white, waxy, solid material. It is oil soluble but not water soluble. In the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 acts as an emulsion stabilizer; opacifying agent; surfactant - foam booster; and viscosity enhancing agent. It is generally used in creams and lotions. It has a melting point of 50 ° C and a boiling point: 249 ° C. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 . Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 (CH3 (CH2) nOH) is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohols from vegetable or synthetic sources. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 It is classified as a fatty alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a white, waxy solid substance in the form of flakes. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Fat soluble, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 but not water soluble. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 In the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 acts as an emulsion stabilizer. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is useful in the preparation of oil / water type emulsions that can remain stable over a wide pH range in combination with hydrophilic emulsifying agents. Also, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used to increase the softening effect of pomades prepared with paraffin. Although Setostearyl Alcohol (Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 ) is a nonirritant substance, hypersensitivity reactions have been reported due to the main components of Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 cetyl and stearyl alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a mixture of naturally derived (Coconut and Palm Oil) fatty alcohols, mainly Cetyl and Stearyl Alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 develops a very effective viscosity in your creams, lotions and other personal care products, including anhydrous formulations such as body brighteners or oil blends. This amazing ingredient can be used to change the rheology and viscosity in the creation of both O / W and W / O emulsions. In addition to the improved viscosity, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 also gives the formulation its emollience. Compared to Cetyl Alcohol, Setostearyl alcohol offers increased viscosity building effects as well as increased penetration of other additives. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 has long been known as "carrier" and "penetration enhancer". Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a mixture of solid aliphatic alcohols mainly composed of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 It is obtained by reducing the appropriate fatty acids. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 British Pharmacopoeia (BP) and the American National Formula (USNF) state that it should not contain less than 90% cetyl + stearyl alcohol and less than 40% stearyl alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used in cream, ointment and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 as a hardener and Setostearyl Alcohol (Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 ) as emulsion stabilizer in other topical preparations. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 It is useful in the preparation of oil / water type emulsions that can remain stable over a wide pH range in combination with hydrophilic emulsifying agents. Also, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is used to increase the softening effect of pomades prepared with paraffin. Although Setostearyl Alcohol (Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 ) is a nonirritant substance, hypersensitivity reactions have been reported due to the main components of Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 cetyl and stearyl alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a mixture of stearic and cetyl alcohols in equal proportions. In nature, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is found in the form of solid white granules with a characteristic odor. It is used as a conditioning agent because it moisturizes enough and improves the wet / dry combout. A 30/70 blend will form a harder emulsion than Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 70/30. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a mixture of fatty alcohols mainly composed of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol. These alcohols generally conform to the following formula. Cetyl Alcohol Empirical Formula C16H34O or CH3 (CH2) 14CH2OH Stearyl Alcohol Empirical Formula C18H38O or CH3 (CH2) 16CH2OH Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Practically insoluble in water; Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is easily soluble in ether; soluble in alcohol and petroleum ether. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 When melted, it mixes with fixed oils, liquid paraffin and melted lanolin. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 : Used as emulsifier and thickener in lotions Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 : oils derived from coconut and palm. this is not a drying alcohol. Used as an emollient and to protect skin against moisture loss. A gentle moisturizer, sweat booster, and emulsifier. In hair products, it is used to smooth and soften hair cuticle. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 -A secondary emulsifier that thickens or adds body to lotions. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 derived from vegetable extracts and a natural thickener, emulsifier. Common types of alcohol you may encounter in hair care products are lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 , stearyl alcohol and behenyl alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 , Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 , or cetylstearyl alcohol is a mixture of fatty alcohol consisting predominantly of cetyl and stearyl alcohols and classified as an alcohol alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 When to tighten or add as a styptic. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 They are used to dissolve and mix the components in it. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 They are used to lighten the skin. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Emulsifier from vegetable raw materials. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Add to emulsions to prevent the ingredients in cosmetic formula from splitting Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Viscosity corrector (regulator) and stabilizer of lotions and creams of M / In emulsions Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Primary structural surfactant deodorant / antiperspirant is used in solid structures. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Does not have irritative activity, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 promotes the penetration of nutrients into the deeper layers of the skin. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Creates a moisture retention film and has a disinfecting effect. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 gives the skin a soft pleasant feeling. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Promotes binding and discounting in creams, lipsticks and other cosmetic products in large amounts of water. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Emulsion softener and stabilizer. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Conditioner for hair improves its structure and facilitates combing. Cetearyl stearyl alcohol for use as an emulsifier, softener, viscosity controller or dispersant. It can also be used as a chemical intermediate in products such as deodorants and cleaners, where it improves its foaming properties. As a result, you'll find cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol in a wide variety of personal care products, lubricants, resins, cosmetics, and more. Lions, creams, hair shampoos, creams, body washes, makeup products. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Ethoxylate (C16-18 Alcohol ethoxylate) also Ceteareth, alpha-Ceto Stearyl l-omega-hydroxy-poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), CETEARYL STEARYL Alcohol Ethoxylated, Polyoxyethylene Ceto Stearyl Alcohol, Polyethylene Glycol Ceto Stearyl Ether. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Ethoxylate is white, waxy and solid / scale based on ethoxylation. More than 10 molecules of ethoxylate are soluble in water and also soluble in polar solvents. They are non-ionic, biodegradable surfactants. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Ethoxylate is widely used in various industrial applications in the fields of textile, medicine, chemistry and agriculture. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Ethoxylate is white, waxy and solid / scale based on ethoxylation. More than 10 molecules of ethoxylate are soluble in water and also soluble in polar solvents. They are non-ionic, biodegradable surfactants. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Ethoxylate is widely used in various industrial applications in the fields of textile, medicine, chemistry and agriculture. Skin Care: All Creams, Lotions Hair Care: Conditioners, Cream Rinse, Styling Aids Body Care: Creams, Lotions, Salves and Anhydrous Products Use Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 in Cosmetics: We recommend that you dissolve Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 with the oily phase. Additional operating conditions refer to general principles for uptake of M / In emulsionsOleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is usually applied in creams and hair balms. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Active ingredients in antimicrobial preparations. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Thickener for Shampoos Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Emulsifiers for creams, hair masks Cetyl stearyl alcohol 30-70 Used in cream, lotion, ointment, shampoo, conditioner, balm, make-up products. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 A common multitasker ingredient in body creams and lotions that gives your skin a pleasant and soft feeling (emollient). Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 It also helps to balance oil-water mixtures. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Fatty alcohols have oil-soluble (and therefore softening) tail pieces, and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 which makes them completely dry and not irritating and Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 makes it completely suitable for the skin. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Emulsifier from vegetable raw materials. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Add to emulsions to prevent the ingredients in cosmetic formula from splittingOleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Viscosity corrector (regulator) and stabilizer of lotions and creams of M / In emulsionsOleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Primary structural surfactant deodorant / antiperspirant is used in solid structures. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Does not have irritative activity,Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 promotes the penetration of nutrients into the deeper layers of the skin. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Creates a moisture retention film. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 has a disinfecting effect. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 gives the skin a soft pleasant feeling. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Promotes binding and discounting in creams, lipsticks and other cosmetic products in large amounts of water. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Emulsion softener and stabilizer. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 strukturoobrazovatel and gentle. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Conditioner for hair improves its structure and facilitates combing. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a so-called fatty alcohol, a mix of cetyl and stearyl alcohol, other two emollient fatty alcohols. Though chemically speaking, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is alcohol (as in, it has an -OH group in its molecule), properties of Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 are totally different from the properties of low molecular weight or drying alcohols such as denat alcohol. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 have a long oil-soluble (and thus emollient) tail part that makes them absolutely non-drying and non-irritating and are totally ok for the skin. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a mixture of naturally derived (Coconut and Palm Oil) fatty alcohols consisting predominantly of Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70. Cetearyl Alcohol offers very efficient viscosity building in your creams, lotions, and other personal care products, including anhydrous formulations such as body polishes or oil blends. This fabulous ingredient can be utilized to modify rheology and viscosity in the creation of both O/W and W/O emulsions. In addition to enhanced viscosity, Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 also imparts its own emolliency in the formulation. When compared to Cetyl Alcohol, Cetearyl Alchol offers enhanced viscosity building effects as well as improved penetration of other ingredients. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 has long been known as a carrier and penetration enhancer. Cetyl stearyl alcohol 30-70 is widely used fatty alcohol is often employed as the sole conditioning agent in crme rinse or hair conditioner formulations, as it adequately moisturizes and improves wet/dry combout. The 30/70 blend will create a stiffer emulsion than the Cetearyl Alcohol 70/30 will. If you are looking for a softer emulsion then look at Cetearyl Alcohol 70/30 or Stearyl Alcohol INCI: Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 Claims of Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70: Emulsion Stabilizers Opacifying Agents Surfactants - Foam Boosters Viscosity Increasing Agents - Aqueous Viscosity Increasing Agents - Nonaqueous Applications/Recommended for: Skin care (Facial care, Facial cleansing, Body care, Baby care) Decorative cosmetics/Make-up Toiletries (Shower & Bath, Oral care. . . ) Hair care (Shampoos, Conditioners & Styling) Perfumes & fragrances Sun care (Sun protection, After-sun & Self-tanning) Recommended use levels: 0. 5-10. 0%, depending on the application Cetyl stearyl alcohol 30-70 plant derived emulsifier. solid white wax-like product with typical fat-like odour. Fatty alcohols are prepared from fatty acids by esterification and catalytic hydrogenation. fatty alcohols have a wide range of uses as ingredients in lubricants, resins, perfumes and cosmetics. , emollients, emulsifiers and thickeners in ointments of various sorts and are widely used as a hair coating in shampoos and hair conditioners. also used as a consistency-giving factor in cosmetics and personal care creams and lotions. fatty alcohols are emulsifiers and emollients to make skin smoother and prevent moisture loss. Identical fatty esters are used to improve rub-out of formulas and to control viscosity and dispersion characteristics in cosmetics, personal care products and pharmaceutical ingredients. USES PERSONAL CARE - COSMETIC • Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 - an emollient used in cosmetics, hair, nail, and skin care products. • Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 , a fatty alcohol derived from the saponification of suitable vegetable oils and the resulting fatty acids produced. Stabilizes emulsion and regulates consistency. • Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70: used as an emulsifier and thickener in lotions. • Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70: derived from coconut and palm oils. This is not a drying alcohol. Used as an emollient and to protect skin from moisture loss. Improving the effects in skin feel or hair feel. • a gentle humectant, lather booster, and emulsifier. In hair products, it is used to smooth and soften the hair cuticle. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 - a secondary emulsifier that thickens or adds body to lotions. • Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 derived from vegetable extracts and is a natural thickener, emulsifier VEGAN STATUS Vegan suitable PALM DERIVATIVES STATUS Palm present (RSPO - Mass balanced, sustainable) Cetearyl Alcohol, also called Cetyl-Stearyl Alcohol, is the principal raw material used to synthesize cationic, anionic and nonionic surfactant. It also finds wide application in various industries such as plastics, textiles, medicines, food, farming, machinery, commodity chemicals, and mineral floatation. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is a mixture of fatty alcohols consisting predominantly of cetylalcohol and stearyl alcohol. These alcohols conform generally to the formula: Cetyl Alcohol Empirical Formula C16H34O or CH3(CH2)14CH2OH Stearyl Alcohol Empirical Formula C18H38O or CH3(CH2)16CH2OH Vegetable source fatty alcohol derived from sustainable palm and coconut oil fatty alcohols (cetyl and stearyl alcohol) used to thicken and stabilize formulations. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 imparts an emollient feel to the skin. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 can be used in water-in-oil emulsions, oil-in-water emulsions, and anhydrous formulations--cream, lotion, ointment, body butter, salt scrubs. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 (Cetearyl) is a blend of cetyl and stearyl fatty alcohols, and is used as to add viscosity and and as a stabiliser in creams and lotions. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is also used as a co-emulsifier and imparts emollient feel and lubricity to the skin. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is suitable for us in Creams, Lotions, Balms, Body Butters, Anhydrous Scrubs and Solid Conditioning Bars. Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 is highly compatible with Conditioning Emulsifier and Veg-Emulse, but can be used with all our emuslifiers. - Add for tightening of time or as styptic. - Are used for dissolution and mixing of ingredients among themselves. - Are used for mitigation of skin. - So-Emulgator from vegetable raw materials. - Add to emulsions to prevent division of components in cosmetic formula - correction (regulator) of viscosity and the stabilizer of creams and lotions of emulsions of M / In - as primary structural surfactant is used in firm structures of deodorants/antiperspirants. - Does not render irritant action, - promotes penetration of nutrients into deeper layers of skin. - Forms moisture-holding film, - possesses disinfecting action. - gives soft pleasant feeling to skin - Promotes binding and deduction in creams, lipstick and other cosmetics of large amount of water. - Softener and stabilizer of emulsions. - strukturoobrazovatel and emolent. - the konditsoner for hair, improves their structure, facilitates combing APPLICATIONS OF Cetyl stearyl alcohol 30-70 Oleyl cetyl alcohol 30/70 for use as an emulsifier, emollient, viscosity controller or dispersant. It can also be used as a chemical intermediate in products such as deodorants and cleaners, in which it improves foaming properties. As a result, you can find cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol in a wide range of personal care products, lubricants, resins, cosmetics and more. Lotions, creams, hair shampoos, conditioners, body washes, makeup products. Cetostearyl Alcohol Ethoxylate (C16-18 Alcohol ethoxylate) is also known as Ceteareth, alpha-Ceto Stearyl l-omega-hydroxy-poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), Ceto Stearyl Alcohol Ethoxylated, Polyoxyethylene Ceto Stearyl Alcohol, Polyethylene Glycol Ceto Stearyl Ether. Cetostearyl Alcohol Ethoxylate is white, waxy and solid/flake based on the ethoxylation. More than 10 mole ethoxylate is water soluble and also can dissolve in polar solvents. It is biodegradable surfactants with non-ionic property. Cetostearyl Alcohol Ethoxylate is widely used in various industrial applications in textile, pharmaceutical, chemical and agriculture field. These surfactants are used as wetting agents, emulsifiers, room cleaning solutions, metalworking and leather processing factories. Skin Care: All Creams, Lotions Hair Care: Conditioners, Cream Rinse, Styling Aids Body Care: Creams, Lotions, Salves and Anhydrous Products Use in cosmetics: - we recommend to melt cetearyl alcohol together with oil phase. - additional working conditions refer to the general principles of receiving emulsions of M / In -Cetyl stearyl alcohol 30-70 is applied generally in creams and hair balms. - Active ingredients in antimicrobic preparations. - thickener for shampoos - with - emulsifier for creams, masks for hair - Joins in cosmetic creams, deodorants, depilators, eyelash oils, hairsprays, masks for hair.
OLEYL ERUCATE
OLEYL LACTATE N° CAS : 42175-36-0 Nom INCI : OLEYL LACTATE Nom chimique : Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, 9-octadecenyl ester Ses fonctions (INCI) Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau
OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE
Oleyl propylene diamine is an organic compound that is widely used in the synthesis of a variety of products, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and detergents.
Oleyl propylene diamine is a colorless, water-soluble liquid with a faint, ammonia-like odor.


CAS Number: 7173-62-8
EC Number: 230-528-9
Chemical Name : N-Oleyl-1,3-propylene diamine
Molecular Formula: C21H44N2


Oleyl propylene diamine is a white or slightly yellow solid at ambient temperature, it turns into liquid with slight ammonia smell.
Oleyl propylene diamine is an organic compound and a diamine with the formula C21H44N2.
Oleyl propylene diamine has found use in numerous industries.


Oleyl propylene diamine is an organic compound that is widely used in the synthesis of a variety of products, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and detergents.
Oleyl propylene diamine is a colorless, water-soluble liquid with a faint, ammonia-like odor.


Oleyl propylene diamine is an aliphatic diamine, which means it contains two nitrogen atoms connected by a single bond.
Oleyl propylene diamineis registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.



USES and APPLICATIONS of OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
Oleyl propylene diamine is widely used in mineral flotation agent,waterproof softener of fiber, dyeing assistant, anti-static agent, pigment dispersant, antirusting agents, anti-caking agent of fertilizer, additives of lubricating oil, germicides,etc..
Oleyl propylene diamine is used as a catalyst in the production of urethanes and epoxies.


Oleyl propylene diamine has also found use as a lubricant due to its unreactivity with cations, which are present in some adhesive manufacturing.
Oleyl propylene diamine is widely used in mineral flotation agent,waterproof softener of fiber, dyeing assistant, anti-static agent, pigment dispersant,antirusting agents, anti-caking agent of fertilizer, additives of lubricating oil etc.


Oleyl propylene diamine is mainly used as transport lubricants, corrosion inhibitors, flotation collectors, water treatment catalyst synthesis intermediates, film etc.
Oleyl propylene diamine is used as a emulsifier in the making of asphalt, an ore flotation agent, and a dispersant for some paints.


Oleyl propylene diamine is an organic compound that is widely used in the synthesis of a variety of products, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and detergents.
Oleyl propylene diamine is an important intermediate in the chemical industry and has been used in a variety of laboratory experiments in recent years.


Oleyl propylene diamine is used in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Other release to the environment of Oleyl propylene diamineis likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials).


Oleyl propylene diamine can be found in products with material based on: stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic.
Widespread uses by professional workers
Oleyl propylene diamine is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, metal working fluids and washing & cleaning products.


Oleyl propylene diamine is used in the following areas: building & construction work and mining.
Oleyl propylene diamine is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Other release to the environment of Oleyl propylene diamine is likely to occur from: outdoor use and indoor use as processing aid.


Oleyl propylene diamine is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, metal working fluids, washing & cleaning products and hydraulic fluids.
Release to the environment of Oleyl propylene diamine can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Oleyl propylene diamine is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, metal working fluids, water treatment chemicals and washing & cleaning products.


Oleyl propylene diamine is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Oleyl propylene diamine can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).


Oleyl propylene diamine uses and applications include: Corrosion inhibitor for metalworking fluids; bitumen emulsifier for car underseals; chemical intermediate; gasoline detergent; flotation agent; antisettling agent for paint formulations; epoxy curing agent; epoxy hardener; bactericide; dispersant in water treatment, pigment flushing, ore flotation; gas, grease, and fuel oil additive


Oleyl propylene diamine is an intermediate used in the Oilfield and Cleaning industry.
Oleyl propylene diamine, otherwise known as N-oleyl-1,3-diaminopropane functions as a Cleansing Surfactant, Corrosion Inhibitor, Dispersing Agent, and for Emulsification purposes.


Oleyl propylene diamine is similar to Duomeen O.
Oleyl propylene diamine is mainly used as Mineral flotation agents, lubricant additives,asphalt emulsifier,coating additives,waterproof agent,chemical intermediate and so on.


Oleyl propylene diamine is used Lubricant, Petroleum Additive, Catalyst for Urethane and Epoxy, Paints and Coatings, Pigment Processing, Industrial Cleaning, and Metal Cleaning.
Release to the environment of Oleyl propylene diamine can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.


Oleyl propylene diamine is used in the following areas: mining.
Oleyl propylene diamine functions as a corrosion inhibitor, stabilisator, flocculating agent, filming, cleansing surfactant, chemical intermediate, dispersing agent, and as an emulsifier.


Oleyl propylene diamine is ideal in chain lube, industrial & Institutional cleaning, and metal cleaning applications.
Application Of Oleyl propylene diamine is mainly used in asphalt emulsifier, lubricant additive, mineral flotation agent, binder, water-proofing agent, corrosion inhibitor, etc.


Oleyl propylene diamine can be used as antistatic agent.
Oleyl propylene diamine can be used as corrosion inhibitor agent.
Oleyl propylene diamine can be used as dispersing agent, emulsifying agent.


Oleyl propylene diamine is used as antistatic agent.
Oleyl propylene diamine is used as emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.
Oleyl propylene diamine is used as corrosion inhibitor, lubricant.


Applications of Oleyl propylene diamine: Lubricant, Petroleum Additive, Catalyst for Urethanes and Epoxies, Chain Lubes, Chemical Intermediates, Cleaning Industrial and Institutional, Cleaning Metal, Fuel Additive



FUNCTIONS OF OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
*Surfactant (Cationic),
*Cleansing Agent,
*Corrosion Inhibitor,
*Dispersant,
*Film Former,
*Stabilizer,
*Chemical Intermediate,
*Coalescing Agent,
*Surfactant



PROPERTIES OF OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
Oleyl propylene diamine is white or slightly yellow solid at ambient temperature,it turns into liquid with slight ammonia smell when heated, is soluble in kinds of organic solvents,not soluble in water.
Oleyl propylene diamine is organic basicity compounds and can produce salts reacting with acid and will react with carbon dioxide if exposed in air.



SYNTHESIS METHOD OF OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
Oleyl propylene diamine is typically synthesized via the reaction of oleylamine with 1,3-dichloropropane.
The reaction is carried out in an inert atmosphere and requires the use of a catalyst, such as palladium or platinum.
The reaction is typically carried out at temperatures of up to 150°C and Oleyl propylene diamine is then purified by distillation.



SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH APPLICATIONS OF OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
Oleyl propylene diamine has been used in a variety of scientific research applications, including as a substrate for enzyme reactions, as a model for drug delivery systems, and as a platform for peptide synthesis.
Oleyl propylene diamine has also been used as a reagent in the synthesis of polymers and as an intermediate in the synthesis of other organic compounds.
In addition, Oleyl propylene diamine has been used as a surfactant in cosmetic formulations and as a stabilizer in detergents.



MECHANISM OF ACTION OF OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
The mechanism of action of Oleyl propylene diamine is not fully understood.
Oleyl propylene diamine is believed to interact with the cell membrane, resulting in changes in the membrane's permeability and/or structure.
This interaction may be responsible for Oleyl propylene diamine's ability to modulate the activity of enzymes, as well as its ability to act as a surfactant.



FUTURE DIRECTIONS OF OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
The potential applications for N-Oleyl-1,3-propanediamine are numerous and varied.
As research continues, it is likely that new applications for this compound will be discovered.

Some potential future directions for research include: further investigation into its mechanism of action, its potential as a drug delivery system, and its ability to modulate enzyme activity.

Additionally, research into its potential as an antioxidant and cardioprotective agent could yield promising results.
Finally, further research into its potential as a surfactant and stabilizer could lead to new and improved formulations of detergents and cosmetics.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
Molecular Weight: 324.6 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 7.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 19
Exact Mass: 324.350449412 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 324.350449412 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 38Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 23
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 226
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 1
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
CAS No.: 7173-62-8
UN No.: 2922
Molecular Formula: C21H44N2
InChIKeys: InChIKey=TUFJPPAQOXUHRI-KTKRTIGZSA-N
Molecular Weight: 324.58746
Exact Mass: 324.59
EC Number: 230-528-9

PSA: 38.05000
XLogP3: 7.05350
Density: 0.851 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 435.6ºC at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 257.5ºC
Refractive Index: 1.464
CAS RN: 7173-62-8
Product Name: N-Oleyl-1,3-propanediamine
Molecular Formula: C21H44N2
Molecular Weight: 324.6 g/mol
IUPAC Name: N'-[(Z)-octadec-9-enyl]propane-1,3-diamine
InChI: InChI=1S/C21H44N2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-20-23-21-18-19-22/h9-10,23H,2-8,11-22H2,1H3/b10-9-
InChI Key: TUFJPPAQOXUHRI-KTKRTIGZSA-N
Isomeric SMILES: CCCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCCNCCCN
SMILES: CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCNCCCN
Canonical SMILES: CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCNCCCN
Other CAS RN: 7173-62-8
Physical Description: Liquid

Boiling point: 435.6±28.0 °C(Predicted)
Density: 0.851±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
vapor pressure: 0.002 Pa at 20℃
pka: 10.67±0.19(Predicted)
Water Solubility: 36mg/L at 23℃
LogP: 0
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: N-OLEYL-1,3-PROPYLENEDIAMINE
FDA UNII: 54XL96S8SY
EPA Substance Registry System: N-Oleyl-1,3-propanediamine (7173-62-8)
Molecular Weight: 324.59
Molecular Formula: C21H44N2
Canonical SMILES: CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCNCCCN
InChI Key: TUFJPPAQOXUHRI-KTKRTIGZSA-N
Boiling Point: 435.6ºC at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 257.5ºC
Density: 0.851 g/cm³
EC Number: 230-528-9
Exact Mass: 324.35000

CAS Number: 7173-62-8
Molecular Weight: 324.58700
Density: 0.851 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 435.6ºC at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula: C21H44N2
Melting Point: N/A
MSDS: N/A
Flash Point: 257.5ºC
Density: 0.851 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 435.6ºC at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula: C21H44N2
Molecular Weight: 324.58700
Flash Point: 257.5ºC
Exact Mass: 324.35000
PSA: 38.05000
LogP: 7.05350
Index of Refraction: 1.464



FIRST AID MEASURES of OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
-Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.



HANDLING and STORAGE of OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of OLEYL PROPYLENE DIAMINE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
N-Oleyl-1,3-propanediamine
7173-62-8
N'-[(Z)-octadec-9-enyl]propane-1,3-diamine
n-oleyl-1,3-propylenediamine
(Z)-N-9-Octadecenylpropane-1,3-diamine
N-OLEYL-1,3-DIAMINOPROPANE
1,3-Propanediamine, N1-(9Z)-9-octadecen-1-yl-
54XL96S8SY
1,3-Propanediamine, N-(9Z)-9-octadecenyl-
1,3-Propanediamine, N-9-octadecenyl-, (Z)-
1,3-Propanediamine,N1-(9Z)-9-octadecen-1-yl-
Dinoram O
Radiamine 6572
Lilamin 572
Kemamine D 989
Adogen 572
Diam 11
N-oleyl propane diamine
N-[(9Z)-octadec-9-en-1-yl]propane-1,3-diamine
UNII-54XL96S8SY
EINECS 230-528-9
EC 230-528-9
SCHEMBL197351
DTXSID0027644
TUFJPPAQOXUHRI-KTKRTIGZSA-N
N1-(9Z)-9-Octadecen-1-yl-1,3-propanediamine
A837310
Q27261249
N-Oleyl-1,3-propanediamine
Oleyl diamino propane
Oleyl-1,3 diaminopropane
N-Oleyl-1,3-diaminopropane
N-Oleylpropane-1,3-diamine
N-Oleyl-1,3-propylenediamine
1,3-Propanediamine, N-9-octadecenyl-, (Z)-
n-[cis-9-octadecenyl]-1,3-propanediamine
n-oleyltrimethylenediamine
dicrodamine 1.0
radiamine 6572
diam 11
n-(3-aminopropyl)oleylamine
dinoram o
n-oleyl-1,3-propylenediamine
oleylaminopropylamine
n-oleyl-1,3-propanediamine
kemamine d 989
lilamin 572
n-oleyl-1,3-propyldiamine
n-oleyl-1,3-propylene
n-oleyl-1,3-diaminopropane
lilamin572
duomeen ol
duomeen ox
1,3-propanediamine, n-9-octadecenyl-, (z)- (8ci)
3-(oleylamino)propylamine
adogen 572
oleyltrimethylenediamine
n-oleyl propane diamine
1,3-propanediamine,n-(9z)-9-octadecenyl- (9ci)
fentamine da-o
diamin olb
n-(9-octadecenyl)-1,3-propylenediamine
diam 11c
7173-62-8
230-528-9
(Z)-N-9-OCTADECENYLPROPANE-1,3-DIAMINE
1,3-PROPANEDIAMINE, N1-(9Z)-9-OCTADECEN-1-YL-
1,3-PROPANEDIAMINE, N-9-OCTADECENYL-, (Z)-
ADOGEN 572
DIAM 11
DINORAM O
KEMAMINE D 989
LILAMIN 572
N-OLEYL-1,3-PROPYLENEDIAMINE
RADIAMINE 6572
3-(oleylamino)propylamine
n-oleyl-1,3-propylenediamine
duomeen ol
diam 11
radiamine 6572
dicrodamine 1.0
diam 11c
n-(3-aminopropyl)oleylamine
1,3-propanediamine, n-9-octadecenyl-, (z)- (8ci)
oleylaminopropylamine
dinoram o
n-oleyl-1,3-propylene
adogen 572
n-(9-octadecenyl)-1,3-propylenediamine
oleyltrimethylenediamine
n-oleyl propane diamine
fentamine da-o
n-oleyl-1,3-propyldiamine
1,3-propanediamine,n-(9z)-9-octadecenyl- (9ci)
n-oleyl-1,3-diaminopropane
kemamine d 989
lilamin 572
duomeen ox
n-oleyltrimethylenediamine
diamin olb
n-[cis-9-octadecenyl]-1,3-propanediamine
n-oleyl-1,3-propanediamine
lilamin572

OLEYL SARCOSINE
C16 - C18 Triglycerides; Olus Oil & Vegetable Oil cas no: 68956-68-3
OLEYLAMINE 2 EO
Composition: Oleylamine 2 EO Acid thickener Oleylamine 2 EO is used for thickening hydrochloric acid cleaner compositions Oleylamine 2 EO is a nonionic surfactant providing wetting, foam, emulsification and corrosion inhibition and functions primarily as an acid thickener. Oleylamine 2 EO finds application in cleaners used on vertical surfaces such as toilet bowls, dairy, brewery and food processing equipment. Oleylamine 2 EO is used as a viscosifier in acidic medium and cleansers Acid Thickener Our product range includes a wide range of acid thickener and oleyl amine ethoxylate. By keeping track with the latest market development, we introduce high quality 2-2.5 % Dosage Acid Thickener for HCL that gives long term viscosity stability. The offered thickener is processed using optimum quality chemical compounds and cutting edge technology in line with industry standards. Our provided thickener is tested on different parameters so as to deliver qualitative product at clients’ end. Moreover, clients can avail this thickener from us at nominal prices. Features: Longer shelf life Accurately processed High purity Description ATAMAN CHEMICALS offers acid thickener especially used in the manufacturing of toilet cleaners . Oleylamine 2 EO very effectively thickens hydrochloric acid at a very low dosage of 2% - 2.5%. Oleylamine 2 EO also gives long term viscocity and provides 90% corrosion inhibition in HCl Acid . General Characterstics :- Appearance @ 25 Deg C Yellow to Brownish Viscous Liquid Chemical Description - Ethoxylated Amines Moisture - 1% Max Active Content - 99% Min Density - 0.90 Approx Special Features Easy Dispersion in aqueous systems. Works at very low dosage of 1.8% to 2.5 %. Gives very good consistency in Toilet Cleaner. Very easy to make . Excellent thickness of Toilet Cleaner Formed. Instructions for Use Hydrochloric Acid ( HCl ) should be of 33% Purity Min and should be Iron Free. HCl Acid should not be very dark yellow in colour. Wear Safety Masks and Gloves during manufacturing of Toilet Cleaner. Use only Acid Stable colours , for example use Acid Blue for blue color. Procedure for Use: (For Making 100 kg Toilet Cleaner Batch) First take 68 Kg Water in the reactor. Now add 2 kg Oleylamine 2 EO in the water and stirr well for 10 minutes. Now while stirring continuously , add 30 kg HCL of atleast 33% Purity. Continue stirring for 10 minutes so that acid thickener gets mixed completely in the solution. Now you can add any acid stable colour as per your choice . You can adjust dosage of Oleylamine 2 EO as per the thickness required. Storage and Handling: The product can be stored at ambient temperature for two years. Product properties *) Active substance content: about 100 % Appearance at 25 °C: yellowish to brownish liquid pH (DIN EN 1262), 1 % aqueous solution, 20 °C: 9 – 11 Solubility at 20 °C 1 % in water: turbid 10 % in mineral oil: clear 10 % in xylene: clear 10 % in glycol: turbid Density (DIN 51757) at 50 °C: 0.89 g/cm³ Viscosity (DIN 53015) at 50 °C :approx. 35 mPas Refractive index (DIN 53491) at 50 °C: approx. 1.463 Pour point (DIN/ISO 3016): approx. 15 °C Flash point (DIN/ISO 2592): > 200 °C Alkaline number (mg KOH/1 g amine): 156 - 164 Remarks: Product must be homogenized at 30 – 40 °C before use. POE OLEYL AMINE ETHOXYLATE Oleylamine with 2 mol EO is used as thickener for HCl and Phosphoric acid based systems. Oleylamine 2 EO is a compound of non-ionic surfactant and cationic surfactant, which is used in thickening of strong acidic systems, such as toilet cleaner and rust remover Characteristics 1. Excellent thickening effect on strong acid system 2. Small amount added, stable system after thickening 3. Simple use, add at room temperature, can obtain good thickening effect Dosage: 1% - 2.5% Production Process: 1. Add water into the pot first, and slowly add NP 10 (solubilizing essence, making the system more transparent and stable) after stirring, and add pigment after fully dissolved. 2. Slowly add thickener Oleylamine 2 EO under high-speed stirring, and the thickener will disperse into milky liquid in water. 3.Add hydrochloric acid, stir, the liquid slowly thicken and become transparent. 4. Add essence and stir until the product is transparent Note: NP 10 surfactant has been added to the thickener to improve the detergent's decontamination and spreadability. The product has a certain amount of foam to remove the greasy substances in the urine scale ACID THICKENER Acid thickener thickens and increases the viscosity of a range of acid systems including phosphoric, sulfuric, hydrofluoric, citric, oxalic etc. It is a multifunctional material featuring effective thickening, wetting, corrosion inhibition and perfume solubilization. It is especially used in compositions such as toilet bowl cleaners, metal cleaners and brighteners, rust stain removers, denture cleansers, metal descalers, general hard surface cleaners, detergent, disinfectants and other cleaning agents. Slightly combining a strong ionic salt such as sodium chloride with an acid thickener provides an adequate composition viscosity in the preferred concentration range of thickening agent as well as increases viscosity in many cases. ATAMAN CHEMICALS offers a fast acting and reliable acid thickener with exceptional thickening properties. AREAS OF APPLICATIONS Acid bowl cleaners Acid truck cleaners Acidic household cleaners Acidic abrasive cleaners Acid rinse aids Acid metal cleaner Building restoration cleaners Fabric softeners Scale and rust removers Detergent sanitizers Cationic silicone emulsions Peroxide based detergents Hydrogen peroxide bleach products Dye levelling aids Rheological uses Cosmetics Breweries and food processing equipments Other vertical surface cleaners PRODUCT FEATURES Non-toxic Non-irritating High solubility Clear liquid Highly compatible with quaternary biocides Biodegradable Long term stable viscosity Ability to thicken both inorganic and organic acids Better replacement of nonionics used for wetting and perfume solubilization Additional corrosion inhibition Thickens both inorganic and organic acids Easy to solubilize Fatty amine ethyloxylates Surface-active fatty amine ethoxylates are obtained by the action of ethylene oxide on fatty amine. The reaction can be represented in summary simplified form by the following general equation: Fatty amine Ethylene oxide Fatty amine ethoxylate x + y = n number of molecules of ethylene oxide added When ethylene oxide is added to the fatty amines, dihydric alcohols with terminal hydroxyl groups are produced. Under suitable conditions further reactions with these are possible. Moreover, the nitrogen can be quaternized. Fatty amine ethoxylates are in principle basic in nature, they form salts with acids and have an alkaline reaction in aqueous solution. In view of their surface activity they must therefore be classified with the cationic compounds and, like them, they have affinity to fibres and surfaces. Nevertheless, they often behave like nonionic surfactants towards many indicators and also in other applications, and all the more so the longer the added ethylene oxide chain is. Their physical and chemical properties, and especially the surface-active ones, are determined largely by the ratio of the hydrophobic fatty amine radical to the hydrophilic solubilizing polyglycol chains in the molecule. The length of the polyglycol chains is indicated by the number of molecules of ethylene oxide added per molecule of fatty amine and is also known as degree of ethoxylation. Since both the type of initial fatty amine and the amount of ethylene oxide can be chosen arbitrarily, there are two possibilities for modifying the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance. Both have been employed in producing the Genamin product range. This consists of four groups, each of which is based on a different fatty amine and is distinguished by corresponding code letters: C = Coconut fatty amine saturated C8-C18 fatty amines, predominantly C12-C14 O = Oleylamine predominantly unsaturated C18 fatty amines S = Stearylamine saturated C16-C18 fatty amines T = Tallow fatty amine saturated and unsaturated C16-C18 fatty amines A multistage ethoxylation series is available for each of these amines, and the number of added molecules ofethylene oxide is expressed by an additional suffix, e.g. 080 for 8, 150 for 15 and 250 for 25 moles of ethylene oxide per molecule of fatty amine. The last zero in all suffixes indicates that all grades contain practically 100 % active substance. Common degrees of ethoxylation are Genamin grades with 2, 5, 8, 20 and 25 moles of ethylene oxide. If for special purposes a narrower range is required, this can easily be achieved by formulating corresponding blends of neighbouring products. Sometimes, however, blends of more distant products produce even better effects. The procedure is to use the usual mixing rule and to employ the amine numbers as a basis for calculation. Moreover, when entire production batches are taken, any degrees of ethoxylation can be produced. To obtain completely homogeneous blends, it is preferable to employ temperatures of 50 – 60°C. It is recommended that this temperature should be also maintained when aqueous dilutions are produced. In certain concentration ranges (usually between 70 and 40 % active substance) the occurrence of gelatinous hydrates, which are slow to dissolve in cold water, is avoided. In suitable cases the gel state can be eliminated by adding solubilizers (alcohols, glycols, etc.). These are also appropriate if stable, non-flammable, higher dilutions are to be produced from products that form a turbid solution. In principle the solubility in water rises with increasing degree of ethoxylation. The slightly ethoxylated products are only moderately dispersible at room temperature and therefore form turbid solutions resembling emulsions. The medium and higher-ethoxylated products dissolve to form a clear solution. On the other hand, the solubility in water decreases with rising temperature. Therefore turbidity can occasionally occur even in inherently clear solutions, for example if the recommended working temperature of 50 – 60°C is maintained when dilutions are prepared. This is a reversible physical phenomenon that normally impairs neither further processing nor subsequent use. The solutions become clear again as they cool. Higher-ethoxylated compounds display no turbidity in aqueous solution up to boiling point. However, with these too the temperature limit is depressed to a greater or lesser extent by large quantities of electrolytes, especially neutral salts or alkalis.
OLIVE OIL
Olive oil is a liquid fat obtained by pressing whole olives, the fruit of Olea europaea, a traditional tree crop of the Mediterranean Basin, and extracting the oil.
Olive oil is a versatile fat that's created through crushing, milling, and pitting olives to obtain their oil.


CAS Number: 8001-25-0
EC number: 232-277-0


A person can use olive oil when cooking.
Olive oil comes from olives, the fruit of the olive tree.
Olives are a traditional crop of the Mediterranean region.


People make olive oil by pressing whole olives.
People use olive oil in cooking, cosmetics, medicine, soaps, and as a fuel for traditional lamps.
Olive oil originally came from the Mediterranean, but today, it is popular around the world.


In the diet, people preserve olives in olive oil or salted water.
They eat them whole or chopped and added to pizzas and other dishes.
They can use olive oil a dip for bread, for drizzling on pasta, in cooking, or as a salad dressing.


Some people consume it by the spoonful for medicinal purposes.
Probably the most widely-used oil in cooking, olive oil is pressed from fresh olives.
It's mainly made in the Mediterranean, primarily in Italy, Spain and Greece (though countries such as America and Australia also produce it).


Much like wine-making, climate, soil and the way the olives are harvested and pressed all have an impact on an oil's character.
Olive oil is assessed on three criteria – fruitiness, bitterness and pepperiness.
The flavour, smell and colour can vary radically, both according to its origin, as well as whether it's extra virgin (the finest grade) or not.


Generally speaking, the hotter the country, the more robust the flavour of the oil.
It is also possible to flavour olive oil with herbs and spices by steeping them in the oil for ten days or so (though chilli needs far less time).
Olive oil is a liquid fat obtained by pressing whole olives, the fruit of Olea europaea, a traditional tree crop of the Mediterranean Basin, and extracting the oil.


The olive is one of three core food plants in Mediterranean cuisine, together with wheat and grapes.
Olive trees have been grown around the Mediterranean since the 8th millennium BC.
Spain is the world's largest producer, manufacturing almost half of the world's olive oil.


Other large producers are Italy, Greece, Tunisia, Turkey and Morocco.
The composition of olive oil varies with the cultivar, altitude, time of harvest, and extraction process.
Olive oil consists mainly of oleic acid (up to 83%), with smaller amounts of other fatty acids including linoleic acid (up to 21%) and palmitic acid (up to 20%).


Extra virgin olive oil is required to have no more than 0.8% free acidity and is considered to have favorable flavor characteristics.
Olive oil is a versatile fat that's created through crushing, milling, and pitting olives to obtain their oil.
This nutritious oil is rich in protective compounds that positively impact health in several ways, including protecting against heart disease and type 2 diabetes.


Olive oil is the most expensive type, and is made from the first cold pressing of the olives.
Olive oil has a very low acidity rate (under 1%) and is best used for dipping or to dress salads, both because its superior flavour is impaired by heat and because it has a low smoking point.


Olive oil is also a first pressing, but has a slightly higher acidity level (under 2%).
Olive oil should be used in much the same way as extra virgin, and can also be used to cook Mediterranean dishes to create an authentic flavour (but should not be used for deep frying).


Refined to remove its impurities, and blended to improve flavour, pure Olive oil is the cheapest olive oil there is.
Its flavour is quite bland, so Olive oil's not worth using it on salads, but it's a good all-purpose cooking oil (again, don't deep fry with it).
Oils from Spain tend to be smooth, sweet and fruity, with hints of melon and nuts and very faint bitterness – they're quite versatile.


The flavour of Italian oils varies from region to region.
The north produces oils that are mild, slightly nutty, and very good with fish.
Oils from the centre of the country are stronger-tasting, with grassy notes.


Southern Italy, including Sicily, produces oils that have a drier, more herbal flavour.
Greek olive oils are herby, fruity and sometimes peppery – good all-rounders.
Olive oil’s an important component of the Mediterranean diet, which is considered one of the healthiest eating patterns in the world.



USES and APPLICATIONS of OLIVE OIL:
Olive oil is commonly used in cooking for frying foods or as a salad dressing.
Olive oil can also be found in some cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, soaps, and fuels for traditional oil lamps.
Olive oil also has additional uses in some religions.


Olive oil is also a natural and safe lubricant, and can be used to lubricate kitchen machinery (grinders, blenders, cookware, etc.).
Olive oil can also be used for illumination (oil lamps) or as the base for soaps and detergents.
Some cosmetics also use olive oil as their base, and it can be used as a substitute for machine oil.
Olive oil has also been used as both solvent and ligand in the synthesis of cadmium selenide quantum dots.


The Ranieri Filo della Torre is an international literary prize for writings about extra virgin olive oil.
It yearly honors poetry, fiction and non-fiction about extra virgin olive oil.
Olive oil can be used in a variety of cooking styles, and light-tasting.


-Culinary uses of Olive oil:
Olive oil is an important cooking oil in countries surrounding the Mediterranean, and it forms one of the three staple food plants of Mediterranean cuisine, the other two being wheat (as in pasta, bread, and couscous) and the grape, used as a dessert fruit and for wine.
Olive oil is mostly used as a salad dressing and as an ingredient in salad dressings.

Olive oil is also used with foods to be eaten cold.
If uncompromised by heat, the flavor is stronger.
Olive oil also can be used for sautéing.

When Olive oil is heated above 210–216 °C (410–421 °F), depending on its free fatty acid content, the unrefined particles within the oil are burned.
This leads to deteriorated taste.
Refined olive oils are suited for deep frying because of the higher smoke point and milder flavour.

Olive oils have a smoke point around 180–215 °C (356–419 °F), with higher-quality oils having a higher smoke point, whereas refined light olive oil has a smoke point up to 230 °C (446 °F).
It is a "popular myth" that high-quality Olive oil is a poor choice for cooking because of its low smoke point.
But in fact Olive oil is more stable than other vegetable oils when heated above its smoke point.



RELIGIOUS USE OF OLIVE OIL:
*Christianity
The Roman Catholic, Orthodox and Anglican churches use olive oil for the Oil of Catechumens (used to bless and strengthen those preparing for Baptism) and Oil of the Sick (used to confer the Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick or Unction).

Olive oil mixed with a perfuming agent such as balsam is consecrated by bishops as Sacred Chrism, which is used to confer the sacrament of Confirmation (as a symbol of the strengthening of the Holy Spirit), in the rites of Baptism and the ordination of priests and bishops, in the consecration of altars and churches, and, traditionally, in the anointing of monarchs at their coronation.

Eastern Orthodox Christians still use oil lamps in their churches, home prayer corners and in the cemeteries.
A vigil lamp consists of a votive glass containing a half-inch of water and filled the rest with olive oil.
The glass has a metal holder that hangs from a bracket on the wall or sits on a table.

A cork float with a lit wick floats on the oil.
To douse the flame, the float is carefully pressed down into the oil.
Makeshift oil lamps can easily be made by soaking a ball of cotton in olive oil and forming it into a peak.

The peak is lit and then burns until all the oil is consumed, whereupon the rest of the cotton burns out.
Olive oil is a usual offering to churches and cemeteries.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints uses virgin olive oil that has been blessed by the priesthood.

This consecrated oil, Olive oil, is used for anointing the sick.
Iglesia ni Cristo uses olive oil to anoint the sick (in Filipino: Pagpapahid ng Langis), it is blessed by minister or deacon by prayer before anointing to the sick. After anointing, the Elder prays for Thanksgiving.


*Judaism
In Jewish observance, olive oil was the only fuel allowed to be used in the seven-branched menorah in the Mishkan service during the Exodus of the Tribes of Israel from Egypt, and later in the permanent Temple in Jerusalem.

Olive oil was obtained by using only the first drop from a squeezed olive and was consecrated for use only in the Temple by the priests and stored in special containers.
In modern times, although candles can be used to light the menorah at Hanukkah, oil containers are preferred, to imitate the original menorah.

Mostly, crude pomace oil is used as fuel for this purpose.
This type of oil is not suitable for direct human consumption but has several industrial uses, including the production of candles.
Candles made from crude pomace oil are not only eco-friendly, but they also produce a bright and steady flame, making them ideal for lighting purposes.
In Ancient Israel, olive oil was also used to prepare the holy anointing oil used for priests, kings, prophets, and others.



BENEFITS OF OLIVE OIL:
Many studies have looked at the health benefits of olive oil.
Extra virgin olive oil, which is the best quality oil available, is rich in antioxidants, which help prevent cellular damage caused by molecules called free radicals.
Free radicals are substances that the body produces during metabolism and other processes.

Antioxidants neutralize free radicals.
If too many free radicals build up, they can cause oxidative stress.
This can lead to cell damage, and it may play a role in the development of certain diseases, including certain types of cancer.

*Olive oil and the cardiovascular system
Olive oil is the main source of fat in the Mediterranean diet.
People who consume this diet appear to have a higher life expectancy, including a lower chance of dying from cardiovascular diseases, compared with people who follow other diets.

Some experts call it “the standard in preventive medicine.”
A 2018 study compared the number of cardiovascular events among people who consumed a Mediterranean diet, either with olive oil or nuts, or a low-fat diet.
People who consumed the Mediterranean diet, whether with olive oil or nuts, had a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease than those on the low-fat diet.

According to the authors of one 2018 review, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority recommend consuming around 20 grams (g) or two tablespoons (tbs) of extra virgin olive oil each day to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and inflammation.

Results of a 2017 study suggested that the polyphenols in extra virgin olive oil may offer protection from cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, stroke, brain dysfunction, and cancer.
Polyphenols are a type of antioxidant.


*Promotes Heart Health
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S. Diet and lifestyle choices can help lower your risk of heart disease by promoting healthy blood lipid levels, blood pressure, improving blood vessel function, and preventing atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis is the medical term for the thickening or hardening of the arteries caused by a buildup of plaque.

Plaque is formed slowly over time as fats, blood cells, cholesterol, and other substances build up in your arteries, restricting blood flow.
Atherosclerosis is the main cause of heart disease.
Diets rich in olive oil, such as the eating patterns of people living along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, have been shown to protect against heart disease risk factors like atherosclerosis.

Olive oil contains compounds, including phenolic antioxidants, that decrease the production of inflammatory molecules that promote atherosclerosis.
For example, oleuropein is a phenolic compound found in olive oil that helps reduce inflammation and inhibits the expression of adhesion molecules, which play key roles in the development and progression of atherosclerosis.

Studies show that diets rich in olive oil may help reduce the progression of atherosclerosis.
A 2021 study that included 939 people with heart disease found that the participants who followed an olive oil-rich Mediterranean diet for seven years had decreased atherosclerosis progression, as measured by the thickness of the inner two layers of the carotid artery (IMT-CC) and plaque height in the carotid artery, compared to those who followed a low-fat diet.

Additionally, regularly consuming olive oil may help reduce LDL cholesterol, increase levels of heart-protective HDL cholesterol, and reduce blood pressure, all of which may help prevent heart disease.
A 2021 study that included data on 92,978 Americans found that those who more than a ½ tablespoon serving of olive oil per day had a 14% lower risk of heart disease compared to people who didn’t consume olive oil.


*High in Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Compounds:
One of the main reasons why olive oil consumption is associated with reduced disease risk is because it’s concentrated in compounds that help reduce inflammation and protect against cellular damage.
Olive oil contains more than 200 plant compounds, including carotenoids, sterols, and polyphenols like hydroxytyrosol (HT) and hydroxytyrosol acetate (HT-ac), which act as powerful antioxidants in the body.

These compounds inhibit inflammatory pathways in the body and may help reduce markers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).
A 2015 review of 30 studies that included,106 participants found that supplementation with olive oil in doses ranging from 1 milligrams (mg) to 50 mg per day led to significant reductions in CRP and IL-6 compared to control treatments.

Because olive oil is so high in anti-inflammatory substances, it may benefit those with inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
A 2023 study that included 365 people living with RA found that higher consumption of olive oil was associated with a significant favorable effect on RA disease activity and lower levels of inflammatory markers like CRP.


*May Help Reduce the Risk of Common Health Conditions:
Including more olive oil in your diet may help lower your risk of common diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, and may help you live a longer, healthier life.
A 2017 review of four cohort studies and 29 randomized control trials found that people in the highest olive oil intake category had a 16% reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to people in the lowest intake category.

Additionally, the review found that olive oil supplementation improved markers of long-term blood sugar control and fasting blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes compared with control groups, meaning that olive oil can be effective for preventing type 2 diabetes and improving health outcomes in people with existing diabetes.

Similarly, 2022 review found that each additional 25-gram serving per day of olive oil was associated with a significant 22% reduction in the risk of type 2 diabetes.
The review also found that olive oil consumption lowered the risk of death from all causes.

Additionally, a 2022 study that included data on 92,383 Americans found that the participants who consumed the most olive oil had a 17% lower risk of cancer-related mortality, a 29% lower risk of neurodegenerative disease-related mortality, and an 18% lower risk of respiratory disease-related mortality.
The researchers concluded that replacing ten grams per day of fats like butter, mayonnaise, and margarine with the same amount of olive oil was associated with an 8%-34% lower risk of death from all causes.



NUTRITIONAL PROFILE OF OLIVE OIL:
According to USDA, 100 ml of olive oil contains the following nutrients:
Calories: 900 kcal
Total Fat: 100 g
Total Saturated Fat: 15.5 g
Total Monosaturated Fats: 68.4 g
Total Polyunsaturated Fats: 9.47 g
Iron: 0.56 mg
Vitamin E: 20.9 mg
Choline: 0.3 mg
Sodium: 2 mg
Potassium: 1 mg
Types of Olive Oil

Using the correct type of olive oil is crucial.
There are five primary grades of olive oil – extra virgin oil, virgin oil, refined oil, pure olive oil and olive pomace oil.
Each of these olive oils has a different smoke point, and this smoke point determines its usage.
An oil with a high smoke point is better suited for cooking purposes.
Those with a low smoke point should be used for quick sautees and as dressings for salads

1. Extra Virgin Olive Oil
It is the best quality olive oil.
It undergoes cold processing, which prevents the natural content from altering after exposure to high temperatures.
As a result, it has a low acid content, even lower than virgin oil.

2. Virgin Olive Oil
It is an unrefined form of olive oil extracted using the cold-pressing technique.
It has a slightly higher level of acidity content that ranges between 1 to 4 per cent.
Another speciality of this oil is that it is temperature resistant.
In comparison to extra virgin oil, the taste is milder and is suitable for low-heat cooking.
It is also ideal for salad dressing.

3. Pure Olive Oil
Pure olive oil is created by mixing either extra virgin or virgin oil with refined one.
It is rich in Vitamin E and is used only for cooking, body massages, and therapies.

4. Refined Olive Oil
It is considered a moderate-quality oil.
Refined olive oil primarily comes into use for cooking only.
It is appropriate for all cooking techniques, but more so when cooking at a high temperature.
It has the same fat content as the above two oils.

5. Olive Pomace Oil
Pomace type is the lowest quality olive oil available in the market.
Pomace comes from the residues and the remains left after the fruit’s pressing is completed.

Once the actual fruits are pressed, there still remains the residue of oil and water.
This remaining oil is extracted and mixed with high-quality oils to improve its quality.
But this oil is best suited for massages and other therapies.

Summary
Choosing the right type of olive oil is crucial, as each grade has a different smoke point and usage.
Extra virgin olive oil is of the highest quality, has a low acid content and is suitable for cold processing.
Virgin olive oil is temperature resistant and ideal for low-heat cooking and dressings.

Pure olive oil is a blend of extra virgin or virgin oil with refined oil, used for cooking and therapies.
Refined olive oil is of moderate-quality and suitable for high-temperature cooking.
Olive pomace oil is the lowest quality, derived from residues and best for massages and therapies.



HOW TO PREPARE OLIVE OIL:
Olive oil is ready to cook with.
If you have flavoured olive oil with any herbs and spices, these should be strained out – pour the strained olive oil into a clean bottle before you use it.



HOW TO STORE OLIVE OIL:
Olive oil deteriorates when exposed to direct sunlight, so keep it in an airtight bottle in a cool, dark place, like a kitchen cupboard, rather than sitting out on a worktop or window sill.
Olive oil does not improve with age, and is best consumed within a year of bottling.



EXTRACTION OF OLIVE OIL:
Olive oil is produced by grinding olives and extracting the oil by mechanical or chemical means.
Green olives usually produce more bitter oil, and overripe olives can produce oil with fermentation defects, so for good extra virgin olive oil care is taken to make sure the olives are perfectly ripened.
The process is generally as follows:


1-The olives are ground into paste using large millstones (traditional method), hammer, blade or disk mill (modern method).

2-If ground with millstones, the olive paste generally stays under the stones for 30 to 40 minutes.
A shorter grinding process may result in a more raw paste that produces less oil and has a less ripe taste, a longer process may increase oxidation of the paste and reduce the flavor.

After grinding, the olive paste is spread on fiber disks, which are stacked on top of each other in a column, then placed into the press.
Pressure is then applied onto the column to separate the vegetal liquid from the paste.
This liquid still contains a significant amount of water.

Traditionally the oil was shed from the water by gravity (oil is less dense than water).
This very slow separation process has been replaced by centrifugation, which is much faster and more thorough.
The centrifuges have one exit for the (heavier) watery part and one for the oil.

Olive oil should not contain significant traces of vegetal water as this accelerates the process of organic degeneration by microorganisms.
The separation in smaller oil mills is not always perfect, thus sometimes a small watery deposit containing organic particles can be found at the bottom of oil bottles.


3-Modern grinders reduce the olives to paste in seconds.
After grinding, the paste is stirred slowly for another 20 to 30 minutes in a particular container (malaxation), where the microscopic oil drops aggregate into bigger drops, which facilitates the mechanical extraction.
The paste is then pressed by centrifugation/ the water is thereafter separated from the oil in a second centrifugation as described before.

The oil produced by only physical (mechanical) means as described above is called virgin oil.
Extra virgin olive oil is virgin olive oil that satisfies specific high chemical and organoleptic criteria (low free acidity, no or very little organoleptic defects).

A higher grade extra virgin olive oil is mostly dependent on favourable weather conditions; a drought during the flowering phase, for example, can result in a lower quality (virgin) oil.

It is worth noting that olive trees produce well every couple of years, so greater harvests occur in alternate years (the year in-between is when the tree yields less).
However the quality is still dependent on the weather.


4-Sometimes the produced oil will be filtered to eliminate remaining solid particles that may reduce the shelf life of the product.
Labels may indicate the fact that the oil has not been filtered, suggesting a different taste.
Fresh unfiltered olive oil usually has a slightly cloudy appearance, and is therefore sometimes called cloudy olive oil.

This form of olive oil used to be popular only among small scale producers but is now becoming "trendy", in line with consumer's demand for products that are perceived to be less processed.
But generally, if not tasted or consumed soon after production, filtered olive oil should be preferred: "Some producers maintain that extra-virgin olive oils do not need filtration but also that filtration is detrimental to oil quality.

This point of view should be considered as erroneous and probably the result of improper implementation of this operation.
In fact, fine particles that are suspended in a virgin olive oil, even after the most effective centrifugal finishing, contain water and enzymes that may impair oil stability and ruin its sensory profile.

Filtration makes an extra-virgin olive oil more stable and also more attractive.
If the suspended particles are not removed they slowly agglomerate and flocculate, forming a deposit on the bottom of the storage containers.

Such a deposit continues to be at risk of enzymatic spoilage and, in the worst case, of development of anaerobic micro-organisms with further spoilage and hygienic risk.
It is recommended that filtration be carried out as soon as possible after centrifugal separation and finishing.



ANCIENT LEVANT OF OLIVE OIL:
In the ancient Levant, three methods were used to produce different grades of olive oil.
The finest oil was produced from fully developed and ripe olives harvested solely from the apex of the tree, and lightly pressed, "for what flows from light pressure is very sweet and very thin."

The remaining olives are pressed with a heavier weight, and vary in ripeness.
Inferior oil is produced from unripe olives that are stored for extended periods of time until they grow soft or begin to shrivel to become more fit for grinding.

Others are left for extended periods in pits in the ground to induce sweating and decay before they are ground.
According to the Geoponica, salt and a little nitre are added when oil is stored.
Oil was sometimes extracted from unripe olives, known in medieval times as anfa kinon (Greek ὀμφάκιον, ὀμφάχινον; Latin omphacium; Arabic: زيت الأنفاق), and used in cuisine and in medicine.



POMACE HANDLING OF OLIVE OIL:
The remaining semi-solid waste, called pomace, retains a small quantity (about 5–10%) of oil that cannot be extracted by further pressing, but only with chemical solvents.
This is done in specialized chemical plants, not in the oil mills.

The resulting oil is not "virgin" but "pomace oil".
Handling of olive waste is an environmental challenge because the wastewater, which amounts to millions of tons (billions of liters) annually in the European Union, is not biodegradable, is toxic to plants, and cannot be processed through conventional water treatment systems.

Traditionally, olive pomace would be used as compost or developed as a possible biofuel, although these uses introduce concern due to chemicals present in the pomace.
A process called "valorization" of olive pomace is under research and development, consisting of additional processing to obtain value-added byproducts, such as animal feed, food additives for human products, and phenolic and fatty acid extracts for potential human use.



GLOBAL MARKET OF OLIVE OIL:
Production:
On average, during the period 2016 to 2021, world production of olive oil was 3.1 million metric tons (3.4 million short tons).
Spain produced 44% of world production.
The next largest producers were Italy, Greece, Tunisia, Turkey and Morocco.

Villacarrillo, Jaén, Andalucía, Spain is a center of olive oil production. Spain's olive oil production derives 75% from the region of Andalucía, particularly within Jaén province which produces 70% of the olive oil in Spain.
The world's largest olive oil mill (almazara, in Spanish), capable of processing 2,500 tonnes of olives per day, is in the town of Villacarrillo, Jaén.

Italian major producers are the regions of Calabria and, above all, Apulia.
Many PDO and PGI extra-virgin olive oil are produced in these regions. Extra-virgin olive oil is also produced in Tuscany, in cities like Lucca, Florence, Siena which are also included in the association of Città dell'Olio.
Italy imports about 65% of Spanish olive oil exports.

Global consumption
Greece has by far the largest per capita consumption of olive oil worldwide, around 24 liters per year.
Consumption in Spain is 15 liters; Italy 13 liters; and Israel, around 3 kg.
Canada consumes 1.5 liters and the US 1 liter.



THE GRADES OF OIL EXTRACTED FROM THE OLIVE FRUIT CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS:
Virgin means the oil was produced by the use of mechanical means only, with no chemical treatment.
The term virgin oil with reference to production method includes all grades of virgin olive oil, including Extra virgin, Virgin, Ordinary virgin and Lampante virgin olive oil products, depending on quality.

Lampante virgin oil is olive oil extracted by virgin (mechanical) methods but not suitable for human consumption without further refining; "lampante" is the attributive form of "lampa", the Italian word for "lamp", referring to the use of such oil in oil lamps.
Lampante virgin oil can be used for industrial purposes, or refined to make it edible.

Refined olive oil is the olive oil obtained from any grade of virgin olive oil by refining methods which do not lead to alterations in the initial glyceridic structure.
The refining process removes colour, odour and flavour from the olive oil, and leaves behind a very pure form of olive oil that is tasteless, colourless and odourless and extremely low in free fatty acids.

Olive oils sold as the grades Extra virgin olive oil and Virgin olive oil therefore cannot contain any refined oil.
Crude olive pomace oil is the oil obtained by treating olive pomace (the leftover paste after the pressing of olives for virgin olive oils) with solvents or other physical treatments, to the exclusion of oils obtained by re-esterification processes and of any mixture with oils of other kinds.
It is then further refined into Refined olive pomace oil and once re-blended with virgin olive oils for taste, is then known as Olive pomace oil.

Refined olive oil is virgin oil that has been refined using charcoal and other chemical and physical filters, methods which do not alter the glyceridic structure.
It has a free acidity, expressed as oleic acid, of not more than 0.3 grams per 100 grams (0.3%) and its other characteristics correspond to those fixed for this category in this standard.

It is obtained by refining virgin oils to eliminate high acidity or organoleptic defects.
Oils labeled as Pure olive oil or Olive oil are primarily refined olive oil, with a small addition of virgin for taste.
Olive pomace oil is refined pomace olive oil, often blended with some virgin oil.

It is fit for consumption, but may not be described simply as olive oil.
It has a more neutral flavor than pure or virgin olive oil, making it unfashionable among connoisseurs; however, it has the same fat composition as regular olive oil, giving it the same health benefits.
It also has a high smoke point, and thus is widely used in restaurants as well as home cooking in some countries.



LABEL WORDING, OLIVE OIL:
Different names for olive oil indicate the degree of processing the oil has undergone as well as the quality of the oil.
Extra virgin olive oil is the highest grade available, followed by virgin olive oil.
The word "virgin" indicates that the olives have been pressed to extract the oil; no heat or chemicals have been used during the extraction process, and the oil is pure and unrefined.

Virgin olive oils contain the highest levels of polyphenols, antioxidants that have been linked with better health.
Olive Oil, which is sometimes denoted as being "Made from refined and virgin olive oils" is a blend of refined olive oil with a virgin grade of olive oil.
Pure, Classic, Light and Extra-Light are terms introduced by manufacturers in countries that are non-traditional consumers of olive oil for these products to indicate both their composition of being only

100% olive oil, and also the varying strength of taste to consumers.
Contrary to a common consumer belief, they do not have fewer calories than extra virgin oil as implied by the names.
Cold pressed or Cold extraction means "that the oil was not heated over a certain temperature (usually 27 °C (80 °F)) during processing, thus retaining more nutrients and undergoing less degradation".

The difference between Cold Extraction and Cold Pressed is regulated in Europe, where the use of a centrifuge, the modern method of extraction for large quantities, must be labelled as Cold Extracted, while only a physically pressed olive oil may be labelled as Cold Pressed.
In many parts of the world, such as Australia, producers using centrifugal extraction still label their products as Cold Pressed.

First cold pressed means "that the fruit of the olive was crushed exactly one time – i.e., the first press.
The cold refers to the temperature range of the fruit at the time it is crushed".
In Calabria (Italy) the olives are collected in October.

In regions like Tuscany or Liguria, the olives collected in November and ground, often at night, are too cold to be processed efficiently without heating.
The paste is regularly heated above the environmental temperatures, which may be as low as 10–15 °C, to extract the oil efficiently with only physical means.

Olives pressed in warm regions like Southern Italy or Northern Africa may be pressed at significantly higher temperatures although not heated.
While it is important that the pressing temperatures be as low as possible (generally below 25 °C) there is no international reliable definition of "cold pressed".

Furthermore, there is no "second" press of virgin oil, so the term "first press" means only that the oil was produced in a press vs. other possible methods.
Protected designation of origin (PDO) and protected geographical indication (PGI) refer to olive oils with "exceptional properties and quality derived from their place of origin as well as from the way of their production".

The label may indicate that the oil was bottled or packed in a stated country.
This does not necessarily mean that the oil was produced there.
The origin of the oil may sometimes be marked elsewhere on the label; it may be a mixture of oils from more than one country.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration permitted a claim on olive oil labels stating: "Limited and not conclusive scientific evidence suggests that eating about two tablespoons (23 g) of olive oil daily may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease."



NUTRITIONAL FACTS OF OLIVE OIL:
Olive oil is a healthy fat that’s rich in vitamin E, a nutrient that functions as a powerful antioxidant in the body.
Most of the fat in olive oil is unsaturated, making it a smart choice for heart health.

Here’s the nutrition breakdown for a one-tablespoon serving of olive oil.
Calories: 126
Fat: 14 grams (g)
Saturated Fat: 2.17 grams
Monounsaturated Fat: 9.58 grams
Polyunsaturated Fat: 1.33 grams
Vitamin E: 2.93 mg or 20% of the Daily Value (DV)
Olive oil is mainly composed of monounsaturated fat and is low in saturated fat.
The monounsaturated fats in olive oil, especially oleic acid, are beneficial for heart health.

Study findings suggest that replacing sources of saturated fats, like butter, with monounsaturated fats, like olive oil, could help reduce the risk of heart disease.
Olive oil is also a good source of vitamin E, a nutrient that plays an important role in immune function and protects cells against oxidative damage that may otherwise lead to disease.



CONSTITUENTS OF OLIVE OIL:
Olive oil is composed mainly of the mixed triglyceride esters of oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and of other fatty acids,[90][91] along with traces of squalene (up to 0.7%) and sterols (about 0.2% phytosterol and tocosterols).
The composition of Olive oil varies by cultivar, region, altitude, time of harvest, and extraction process.

Phenolic composition:
Olive oil contains traces of phenolics (about 0.5%), such as esters of tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, oleocanthal and oleuropein, which give extra virgin olive oil its bitter, pungent taste, and are also implicated in its aroma.

Olive oil is a source of at least 30 phenolic compounds, among which are elenolic acid, a marker for maturation of olives, and alpha-tocopherol, one of the eight members of the Vitamin E family.

Oleuropein, together with other closely related compounds such as 10-hydroxyoleuropein, ligstroside and 10-hydroxyligstroside, are tyrosol esters of elenolic acid.
Other phenolic constituents include flavonoids, lignans and pinoresinol.

Nutrition:
One tablespoon of olive oil (13.5 g) contains the following nutritional information according to the USDA:
Food energy: 500 kJ (119 kcal)
Fat: 13.5 g (21% of the Daily Value, DV)
Saturated fat: 2 g (9% of DV)
Carbohydrates: 0
Fibers: 0
Protein: 0
Vitamin E: 1.9 mg (10% of DV)
Vitamin K: 8.1 µg (10% of DV)



HEALTH BENEFITS OF OLIVE OIL:
1. Promotes Heart Health:
Olive oil protects against inflammation.
Olive oil reduces LDL oxidation (bad cholesterol) and improves the endothelium’s function, lining the blood vessels.
Olive oil manages blood clotting and lowers blood pressure as well.


2. Reduces the Risk of Cancer:
The rich antioxidant content of olive oil, including phenolic compounds such as oleocanthal and oleuropein, has been linked to its anti-cancer properties.
These antioxidants help neutralise harmful free radicals in the body, reducing oxidative stress and preventing damage to DNA, which is a major contributor to the development of cancer.

Additionally, research shows that oleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid abundant in olive oil, has the potential to suppress the growth and proliferation of cancer cells.
Furthermore, olive oil’s anti-inflammatory properties may also contribute to its cancer-fighting abilities.

Research associates chronic inflammation with cancer development, and thus the anti-inflammatory compounds found in olive oil may help inhibit the inflammatory processes that promote tumour growth.


3. Relieves Pain and Inflammation
Olive oil, particularly extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), has been recognised for its potential to alleviate pain and reduce inflammation.
The remarkable anti-inflammatory properties of olive oil are attributed to its rich content of bioactive compounds, including oleocanthal and oleic acid.

As per research, Olive oil helps inhibit the activity of enzymes involved in the inflammatory process, thus reducing pain and inflammation.
Olive oil may offer a gentle and effective alternative for individuals seeking relief from chronic pain conditions.
Furthermore, the monounsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid, which is the predominant fat in olive oil, has also been linked to anti-inflammatory effects.
Studies indicate that this fatty acid helps modulate the body’s inflammatory response by reducing the production of pro-inflammatory molecules.

By incorporating olive oil into your diet, you may experience a reduction in inflammatory markers and potentially alleviate pain associated with conditions like arthritis and other inflammatory disorders.


4. Boosts Bone Health:
One of the key factors that contribute to the bone-protective effects of olive oil is its high content of monounsaturated fats, particularly oleic acid.
Research suggests that oleic acid may play a role in improving bone mineralisation and reducing bone loss.
Olive oil has been shown to enhance the absorption of calcium, an essential mineral for maintaining strong and healthy bones.

Furthermore, olive oil is rich in phenolic compounds, which possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
As per studies, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress can adversely affect bone health and contribute to bone loss.
The antioxidants found in olive oil help combat these damaging effects, potentially protecting bone cells from deterioration.


5. Reduces the Risk of CVD and Stroke:
The high content of monounsaturated fats, particularly oleic acid, in olive oil has been associated with improved cardiovascular health.
Research shows that these healthy fats help raise levels of HDL cholesterol (often referred to as “good” cholesterol) while lowering LDL cholesterol (commonly known as “bad” cholesterol”).

This beneficial effect on the lipid profile may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque buildup occurs in arteries, increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
Additionally, the antioxidants found in olive oil, such as vitamin E and phenolic compounds, help combat oxidative stress and inflammation.

Studies show that oxidative stress can damage blood vessels and promote the development of atherosclerosis, while chronic inflammation contributes to the progression of CVD.
Olive oil’s ability to mitigate these factors can help protect against the development of heart disease.

Moreover, olive oil has been shown to have antithrombotic properties, meaning it helps prevent the formation of blood clots.
This is crucial in reducing the risk of stroke, which can occur when a clot blocks blood flow to the brain.


6. Balances Blood Sugar and Prevents Diabetes
Olive oil contains healthy fats that are crucial to managing type 2 diabetes.
Therefore, olive oil’s good fats help slow down the absorption of glucose into the bloodstream.

Consequently, this controls the sugar levels in the blood.
Studies have shown that olive oil has positive effects on insulin sensitivity and blood sugar levels.
Furthermore, the finding of yet another study shows that a Mediterranean diet high in olive oil significantly lowers the risk of type 2 diabetes.



WHAT IS OLIVE OIL AND WHAT IS OLIVE OIL'S HISTORY?
Olive oil is oil pressed from olives.
Olive oil's use dates back 6,000 years, originating in what are now Iran, Syria, and Palestine, before making its way to the Mediterranean, with its well-known olive groves right up arrow.

Historically, olive oil has been used in religious ceremonies and medicine, and it has become an important ingredient in food for many cultures.
In the United States, you can buy three types of olive oil: extra-virgin olive oil, olive oil, and light-tasting olive oil.
Extra virgin, which makes up 60 percent of all the olive oil sold in North America, can be used for both cold or finishing preparations as well as in cooking.

Olive oil can be used in a variety of cooking styles, and light-tasting.
Olive oil has a neutral flavor, so you can use it in cooking and baking when you don’t want the characteristic peppery taste of olive oil right up arrow.



HOW OLIVE OIL IS MADE:
Olive oil is made from olives that grow on olive trees, most often those in the Mediterranean region.right up arrow.
After harvest, olives are crushed into a paste, which is put through a centrifugation process to separate the oil right up arrow.
The final product is stored in stainless steel tanks that are protected from oxygen and sunlight.

When bottled, the oil should go into a dark glass bottle to keep it fresh.
You can also buy extra-virgin olive oil that is cold-pressed from ripe olives mechanically, without using high heat or chemicals, per standards set forth by the International Olive Council.

This is said to preserve chemicals in the olives called phenols, which are one reason that olive oil is thought to have such powerful health properties right up arrow.
On the other hand, refined olive oil uses heat or solvents, resulting in a tasteless oil that can be blended with other oils.



OLIVE OIL NUTRITION FACTS: WHAT DO YOU GET OUT OF 1 TABLESPOON?
In each tablespoon (tbsp) of extra-virgin olive oil, you’ll find: right up arrow
Calories: 120
Protein: 0 grams (g)
Fat: 14 g
Saturated fat: 2 g
Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs): 10 g
Polyunsaturated fat (PUFA): 1.5 g
Carbohydrates: 0 g
Fiber: 0 g
Sugars: 0 g

Since olive oil mostly consists of heart-healthy unsaturated fats, with a small amount of saturated fat, it fits into the U.S. Department of Agriculture's MyPlate guidelines right up arrow.
One benefit of using fat in your cooking — particularly with vegetables — is that the fat helps your body absorb fat-soluble vitamins, like A, D, E, and K, from the meal.



HOW OLIVE OIL COMPARES WITH OTHER POPULAR OILS:
You have a choice for what oil you use to cook with, but know that each oil has about the same number of calories (around 120) and fat (around 14 g) per tbsp; it’s their fat makeup that differs.
Here’s how olive oil stacks up against other culinary oils:

Avocado Oil Because avocados are mostly made up of MUFAs, avocado oil is the most similar to olive oil nutritionally.
It contains 1.6 g of saturated fat, 9.9 g of MUFAs, and 1.9 g of PUFA.right up arro Canola Oil A mostly unsaturated fat, canola oil is pretty similar nutritionally to olive oil, particularly because it has 8.9 g of MUFAs.

Where it differs is the PUFA content, with canola oil packing 3.9 g.
It also contains 1 g of saturated fat.right up arrow
Grapeseed Oil This oil is mainly made up of PUFA (9.5 g), with 2.2 g of MUFAs and just 1.3 g of saturated fat.right up arrow (Both MUFAs and PUFA have been linked to heart health by helping to improve blood cholesterol levels.)right up arrow

Coconut Oil The tropical oil differs vastly from olive oil.
Most of its fats (11.2 g, or about 83 percent) are saturated, and it has less than 1 g of MUFAs and a scant amount (0.2 g) of PUFA right up arrow
One study comparing middle-aged adults who consumed about 3 tbsp of extra-virgin coconut oil, butter, or extra-virgin olive oil for four weeks found that butter increased levels of LDL ("bad") cholesterol more so than coconut or olive oil right up arrow.

Both coconut and olive oil surprisingly didn’t change LDL levels, but coconut oil did boost HDL ("good") cholesterol concentration more than olive oil.
The jury is still out on the overall healthfulness of coconut oil.



FAT COMPOSITION OF OLIVE OIL:
*Saturated fats:
Total saturated Palmitic acid: 13.0%
Stearic acid: 1.5%

*Unsaturated fats:
Total unsaturated > 85%
Monounsaturated Oleic acid: 70.0%
Palmitoleic acid: 0.3–3.5%
Polyunsaturated Linoleic acid: 15.0%
α-Linolenic acid: 0.5%



11 PROVEN BENEFITS OF OLIVE OIL:
Olive oil may offer health benefits as it is high in healthy monosaturated fats and antioxidants.
Olive oil also has anti-inflammatory properties.
The health effects of dietary fat are controversial.
However, experts agree that olive oil — especially extra virgin — is good for you.
Here are 11 health benefits of olive oil that are supported by scientific research.


1. Olive Oil Is Rich in Healthy Monounsaturated Fats
Olive oil is the natural oil extracted from olives, the fruit of the olive tree.
About 14% of the oil is saturated fat, whereas 11% is polyunsaturated, such as omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids.

But the predominant fatty acid in olive oil is a monounsaturated fat called oleic acid, making up 73% of the total oil content.
Studies suggest that oleic acid reduces inflammation and may even have beneficial effects on genes linked to cancer.
Monounsaturated fats are also quite resistant to high heat, making extra virgin olive oil a healthy choice for cooking.


2. Olive Oil Contains Large Amounts of Antioxidants
Extra virgin olive oil is fairly nutritious.
Apart from its beneficial fatty acids, it contains modest amounts of vitamins E and K.

But olive oil is also loaded with powerful antioxidants.
These antioxidants are biologically active and may reduce your risk of chronic diseases.
They also fight inflammation and help protect your blood cholesterol from oxidation — two benefits that may lower your risk of heart disease.


3. Olive Oil Has Strong Anti-Inflammatory Properties
Chronic inflammation is thought to be a leading driver of diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s, arthritis and even obesity.

Extra-virgin olive oil can reduce inflammation, which may be one of the main reasons for its health benefits.
The main anti-inflammatory effects are mediated by the antioxidants. Key among them is oleocanthal, which has been shown to work similarly to ibuprofen, an anti-inflammatory drug.

Some scientists estimate that the oleocanthal in 3.4 tablespoons (50 ml) of extra virgin olive oil has a similar effect as 10% of the adult dosage of ibuprofen.
Research also suggests that oleic acid, the main fatty acid in olive oil, can reduce levels of important inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP).
One study also showed that olive oil antioxidants can inhibit some genes and proteins that drive inflammation


4. Olive Oil May Help Prevent Strokes
Stroke is caused by a disturbance of blood flow to your brain, either due to a blood clot or bleeding.
In developed nations, stroke is the second most common cause of death, right behind heart disease.
The relationship between olive oil and stroke risk has been studied extensively.

A large review of studies in 841,000 people found that olive oil was the only source of monounsaturated fat associated with a reduced risk of stroke and heart disease.
In another review in 140,000 participants, those who consumed olive oil were at a much lower risk of stroke than those who did not


5. Olive Oil Is Protective Against Heart Disease
Heart disease is the most common cause of death in the world.
Observational studies conducted a few decades ago showed that heart disease is less common in Mediterranean countries.
This led to extensive research on the Mediterranean diet, which has now been shown to significantly reduce heart disease risk.

Extra virgin olive oil is one of the key ingredients in this diet, protecting against heart disease in several ways.
It lowers inflammation, protects “bad” LDL cholesterol from oxidation, improves the lining of your blood vessels and may help prevent excessive blood clotting.

Interestingly, it has also been shown to lower blood pressure, which is one of the strongest risk factors for heart disease and premature death.
In one study, olive oil reduced the need for blood pressure medication by 48%.

Dozens — if not hundreds — of studies indicate that extra virgin olive oil has powerful benefits for your heart.
If you have heart disease, a family history of heart disease or any other major risk factor, you may want to include plenty of extra virgin olive oil in your diet.


6. Olive Oil Is Not Associated With Weight Gain and Obesity
Eating excessive amounts of fat causes weight gain.
However, numerous studies have linked the Mediterranean diet, rich in olive oil, with favorable effects on body weight.

In a 30-month study in over 7,000 Spanish college students, consuming a lot of olive oil was not linked to increased weight.
Additionally, one three-year study in 187 participants found that a diet rich in olive oil was linked to increased levels of antioxidants in the blood, as well as weight loss


7. Olive Oil May Fight Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common neurodegenerative condition in the world.
One of Olive Oil's key features is a buildup of so-called beta-amyloid plaques inside your brain cells.

Additionally, a human study indicated that a Mediterranean diet rich in olive oil benefitted brain function.
Keep in mind that more research is needed on the impact of olive oil on Alzheimer’s.


8. Olive Oil May Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk
Olive oil appears to be highly protective against type 2 diabetes.
Several studies have linked olive oil to beneficial effects on blood sugar and insulin sensitivity.
A randomized clinical trial in 418 healthy people recently confirmed the protective effects of olive oil.
In this study, a Mediterranean diet rich in olive oil reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes by over 40%.


9. The Antioxidants in Olive Oil Have Anti-Cancer Properties
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death in the world.
People in Mediterranean countries have a lower risk of some cancers, and many researchers believe that olive oil may be the reason.
The antioxidants in olive oil can reduce oxidative damage due to free radicals, which is believed to be a leading driver of cancer.
Many test-tube studies demonstrate that compounds in olive oil can fight cancer cells


10. Olive Oil Can Help Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by deformed and painful joints.
Though the exact cause is not well understood, it involves your immune system attacking normal cells by mistake.

Olive oil supplements appear to improve inflammatory markers and reduce oxidative stress in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.
Olive oil seems particularly beneficial when combined with fish oil, a source of anti-inflammatory omega-3 fatty acids.
In one study, olive and fish oil significantly improved handgrip strength, joint pain and morning stiffness in people with rheumatoid arthritis


11. Olive Oil Has Antibacterial Properties
Olive oil contains many nutrients that can inhibit or kill harmful bacteria.
One of these is Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium that lives in your stomach and can cause stomach ulcers and stomach cancer.
Test-tube studies have shown that extra virgin olive oil fights eight strains of this bacterium, three of which are resistant to antibiotics.

A study in humans suggested that 30 grams of extra virgin olive oil, taken daily, can eliminate Helicobacter pylori infection in 10–40% of people in as little as two weeks
Olive Oil contains the unique aroma of olives with its taste and smell.

The most delicious and ripe olives of the Aegean are carefully selected.
It is an olive oil with a color changing from green to yellow, with a unique taste and smell.
It combines the lightness of acidified olive oil with the flavor of natural olive oils.

With its carefully balanced aroma and lightness, it turns all tables into a feast.
With its lightness and beneficial olive oil ingredients, you can use it in all meals, frying and pastries.



HISTORY OF OLIVE OIL:
Olive oil has long been a common ingredient in Mediterranean cuisine, including ancient Greek and Roman cuisine. Wild olives, which originated in Asia Minor, were collected by Neolithic people as early as the 8th millennium BC.
Besides food, olive oil has been used for religious rituals, medicines, as a fuel in oil lamps, soap-making, and skincare application.
The Spartans and other Greeks used oil to rub themselves while exercising in the gymnasia.

From its beginnings early in the 7th century BC, the cosmetic use of olive oil quickly spread to all of the Hellenic city-states, together with athletes training in the nude, and lasted close to a thousand years despite its great expense.
Olive oil was also popular as a form of birth control; Aristotle in his History of Animals recommends applying a mixture of olive oil combined with either oil of cedar, ointment of lead, or ointment of frankincense to the cervix to prevent pregnancy.



EARLY CULTIVATION OF OLIVE OIL:
It is not clear when and where olive trees were first domesticated.
The modern olive tree may have originated in ancient Persia and Mesopotamia and spread to the Levant and later to North Africa, though some scholars argue for an Egyptian origin.

The olive tree reached Greece, Carthage and Libya sometime in the 28th century BC, having been spread westward by the Phoenicians.
Until around 1500 BC, eastern coastal areas of the Mediterranean were most heavily cultivated.
Evidence also suggests that olives were being grown in Crete as long ago as 2500 BC.

The earliest surviving olive oil amphorae date to 3500 BC (Early Minoan times), though the production of olive oil is assumed to have started before 4000 BC.
Olive trees were certainly cultivated by the Late Minoan period (1500 BC) in Crete, and perhaps as early as the Early Minoan.

The cultivation of olive trees in Crete became particularly intense in the post-palatial period and played an important role in the island's economy, as it did across the Mediterranean.
Later, as Greek colonies were established in other parts of the Mediterranean, olive farming was introduced to places like Spain and continued to spread throughout the Roman Empire.

Olive trees were introduced to the Americas in the 16th century when cultivation began in areas that enjoyed a climate similar to the Mediterranean such as Chile, Argentina, and California.
Recent genetic studies suggest that species used by modern cultivators descend from multiple wild populations, but detailed history of domestication is unknown.



TRADE AND PRODUCTION OF OLIVE OIL:
Archaeological evidence shows that by 6000 BC olives were being turned into olive oil and in 4500 BC at a now-submerged prehistoric settlement south of Haifa.
Olive trees and oil production in the Eastern Mediterranean can be traced to archives of the ancient city-state Ebla (2600–2240 BC), which were located on the outskirts of the Syrian city Aleppo.

Here some dozen documents dated 2400 BC describe the lands of the king and the queen.
These belonged to a library of clay tablets perfectly preserved by having been baked in the fire that destroyed the palace.
A later source is the frequent mentions of oil in the Tanakh.

Dynastic Egyptians before 2000 BC imported olive oil from Crete, Syria and, Canaan and oil was an important item of commerce and wealth.
Remains of olive oil have been found in jugs over 4,000 years old in a tomb on the island of Naxos in the Aegean Sea.
Sinuhe, the Egyptian exile who lived in northern Canaan c. 1960 BC, wrote of abundant olive trees.

The Minoans used olive oil in religious ceremonies.
The oil became a principal product of the Minoan civilization, where it is thought to have represented wealth.
Olive oil was also a major export of Mycenaean Greece (c. 1450–1150 BC).

Scholars believe the oil was made by a process where olives were placed in woven mats and squeezed.
Olive oil was collected in vats.
This process was known from the Bronze Age, was used by the Egyptians and continued to be used through the Hellenistic period.

The importance of olive oil as a commercial commodity increased after the Roman conquest of Egypt, Greece and Asia Minor led to more trade along the Mediterranean.
Olive trees were planted throughout the entire Mediterranean basin during evolution of the Roman Republic and Empire.
According to the historian Pliny the Elder, Italy had "excellent olive oil at reasonable prices" by the 1st century AD—"the best in the Mediterranean".

As olive production expanded in the 5th century AD the Romans began to employ more sophisticated production techniques like the olive press and trapetum (pictured left).
Many ancient presses still exist in the Eastern Mediterranean region, and some dating to the Roman period are still in use today.
Productivity was greatly improved by Joseph Graham's development of the hydraulic pressing system developed in 1795



SYMBOLISM AND MYTHOLOGY OF OLIVE OIL:
The olive tree has historically been a symbol of peace between nations.
It has played a religious and social role in Greek mythology, especially concerning the name of the city of Athens where the city was named after the goddess Athena because her gift of an olive tree was held to be more precious than rival Poseidon's gift of a salt spring.



VARIETIES OF OLIVE OIL:
List of olive cultivars
There are many olive cultivars, each with a particular flavor, texture, and shelf life that make them more or less suitable for different applications, such as direct human consumption on bread or in salads, indirect consumption in domestic cooking or catering, or industrial uses such as animal feed or engineering applications.

During the stages of maturity, olive fruit changes colour from green to violet, and then black.
Olive oil taste characteristics depend on which stage of ripeness olive fruits are collected.

*Extra virgin olive oil:
Virgin olive oil which has a free acidity, expressed as oleic acid, of not more than 0.8 grams per 100 grams, and the other characteristics of which correspond to those fixed for this category in the IOC standard.

*Ordinary virgin olive oil:
Virgin olive oil which has a free acidity, expressed as oleic acid, of not more than 3.3 grams per 100 grams and the other characteristics of which correspond to those fixed for this category in the IOC standard.
This designation may only be sold direct to the consumer if permitted in the country of retail sale.

*Refined olive oil:
Refined olive oil is the olive oil obtained from virgin olive oils by refining methods which do not lead to alterations in the initial glyceridic structure.
It has a free acidity, expressed as oleic acid, of not more than 0.3 grams per 100 grams and its other characteristics correspond to those fixed for this category in the IOC standard.

*Virgin olive oil:
Virgin olive oil which has a free acidity, expressed as oleic acid, of not more than 2 grams per 100 grams and the other characteristics of which correspond to those fixed for this category in the IOC standard.


*Virgin olive oil not fit for consumption:
Virgin olive oil not fit for consumption as it is, designated lampante virgin olive oil, is virgin olive oil which has a free acidity, expressed as oleic acid, of more than 3.3 grams per 100 grams and/or the organoleptic characteristics and other characteristics of which correspond to those fixed for this category in the IOC standard.
It is intended for refining or for technical use.

*Olive oil:
Olive oil is the oil consisting of a blend of refined olive oil and virgin olive oils fit for consumption as they are.
Olive oil has a free acidity, expressed as oleic acid, of not more than 1 gram per 100 grams and its other characteristics correspond to those fixed for this category in the IOC standard.
The country of retail sale may require a more specific designation.



IS OLIVE OIL HEALTHFUL?
The uses of different oils vary.
Olive oil has a great flavor that makes it suitable for adding uncooked to salad or bread, and it is relatively heat-stable for cooking.
However, there has been some controversy over whether olive oil is actually healthful, and there is no consensus about which type is best.
The main types of fat in olive oil, which mainly consists of oleic acid, are monosaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), which health experts agree are a healthful fat.



OLIVE OIL VS. EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OIL:
Most of the modifiers that go before olive oil, such as “virgin” or “extra virgin,” refer to the process that manufacturers use to produce the oil.
Extra virgin olive oils have undergone the least processing.

When the manufacturer processes the oil, they clean it with chemicals and then heat it.
These processes prolong the shelf life, which is great for the food industry, but they may strip away a lot of the oil’s flavor and some of its benefits.

According to research, extra virgin olive oil has more polyphenols than regular olive oil.
Polyphenols are a type of antioxidant, and they have many health benefits.
Refining olive oil strips it of its vitamins, polyphenols, and other natural ingredients.

Many people find that extra virgin olive oil has a more pleasant taste than olive oils that have undergone more processing.
Fresh, unprocessed extra virgin olive oil should taste:
*a bit fruity
*a little bitter, similar to biting into an olive
*slightly peppery

If the oil tastes metallic, flavorless, or musty, this may be due to overprocessing, or the oil might have gone bad.
Many people opt for cold pressed, unfiltered, or stone pressed products when choosing which extra virgin olive oil to purchase.
With these options, the oil has not undergone heating or filtering, which usually adds chemicals to the oil.



PROS OF EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OIL:
People may prefer to use extra virgin olive oil in place of regular olive oil because:
*it has undergone less processing
*they find it to have a more pleasant taste
*it contains fewer chemicals
*it is higher in antioxidants, vitamins, and other natural ingredients



WHAT ABOUT "PURE" AND "LIGHT" OLIVE OIL?
Pure olive oil is a blend of extra virgin olive oil and processed oils.
People can check the label to find out exactly what is in the oil before buying it.
Some light virgin oils are a blend, too.

The term “light” refers to the flavor of the oil, rather than the calorie content.
Light oils are often processed and refined, which strips down the color as well as the flavor.
Processing makes the oil last longer, and it also makes it possible to heat the oil to a higher temperature, which is good for cooking.
However, it adds chemicals and takes out nutrients.



OLIVE OIL STORAGE:
The best place to store olive oil is somewhere cool, dry, and dark.
It is best to place it somewhere where it will not get radiant heat, either from appliances or the sun.
Doing this will keep the oil fresh for longer.



OLIVE OIL IN COOKING AND SMOKE POINT:
When using oil for cooking, it is important to keep the heat level in mind.
The smoke point is the temperature at which the oil begins to break down, become carcinogenic, and release smoke into the air.
In other words, it is when the oil starts to burn.
If oil starts to burn or catch fire, a person should throw it away and start again.

The American Heart Association (AHA) say that the following oils are relatively healthful for cooking and preparing food:
*olive
*safflower
*sunflower
*soybean
*canola
*corn
*peanut
They recommend using these fats instead of solid fats, such as butter, shortening, or lard, and tropical oils, such as palm and coconut oil, as these types can have a lot of saturated fat.



12 SURPRISING HEALTH BENEFITS OF OLIVE OIL:
Olive Oil’s always an unexpected joy when something so incredibly delicious turns out to be so incredibly good for you—and if you haven’t learned that about olive oil yet, you’re about to!

Olive oil has been a staple of Mediterranean cultures for thousands of years, dating back to the Ancient Greeks and Romans, and it remains the most popular cooking oil in the region to this day.
In fact, nutrition experts believe the Mediterranean basin is home to some of the longest-living populations precisely because their typical daily diet is so abundant in healthy fats from olive oil, nuts, and fatty fish.

Compared to other cooking oils, olive oil has the unique potential to deliver a one-two punch to chronic and degenerative diseases from the potent polyphenol compounds found in extra virgin olive oil and the high percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) found in all grades.
As a result, olive oil consumption has been associated with everything from improved cholesterol levels to better mood to stronger bones.
Here are some of the most exciting research-backed health benefits:

1. Olive Oil’s packed with polyphenols.
Olive Oil is a particularly abundant source of polyphenols, natural bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties that are found in plant foods like fruits, veggies, and olives.

Polyphenols benefit health, in part, because they combat oxidative stress—a type of stress within the body that damages lipids, proteins, and DNA in a way that contributes to heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and dementia.
Two abundant polyphenols present in olive oil are hydroxytyrosol and oleocanthal, which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cancer-fighting, neuroprotective, and antimicrobial properties.


2. Olive Oil strongly promotes cardiovascular health.
Olive oil is considered heart-healthy for (many) good reasons.
In the frequently cited PREDIMED study, people who ate a Mediterranean-style diet that included 4+ tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil per day had a lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease, and their combined risk for heart attack, stroke, and death from heart disease was around a 30% lower than people who ate a low-fat diet.

EVOO has also been linked to improved cholesterol levels and reduced blood pressure.
Oleic acid (the most abundant MUFA in all olive oil grades) and various polyphenols are likely to thank, given their ability to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, and modify cholesterol levels in the bloodstream.

But you don’t have to consume 4+ tablespoons of olive oil per day to reap the benefits.
In fact, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) says there’s credible evidence to support the claim that consuming 1 ½ tablespoons of oleic acid-rich oils, including olive oil, may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, provided they replace fats/oils higher in saturated fat and do not increase the total number of calories you eat in a day.


3. Olive Oil may reduce risk of certain cancers.
While no food is a magic bullet for cancer prevention, olive oil consumption may be one reason cancer rates tend to be lower in Mediterranean countries.
Findings from a recent 2020 study suggest that extra virgin olive oil triggers changes in gut bacteria that are associated with prevention of colorectal cancer; and previous research has shown that women who eat the most olive oil tend to have a lower risk of colon cancer and breast cancer.
Several components of olive oil have demonstrated anti-cancer properties, including oleic acid, hydroxytyrosol, oleocanthal, phytosterols, and squalene.


4. Olive Oil supports healthy memory + brain function.
Oxidative stress is implicated in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease.
But extra virgin olive oil’s polyphenols—particularly oleocanthal—function as potent antioxidants that may help counter this effect.
A 2019 study on animals found that oleocanthal-rich olive oil helped restore healthy blood-brain barrier function and reduce neuro-inflammation in a way that may slow the progression of Alzheimer’s.


5. Olive Oil supports healthy mental outlook + mood.
Olive oil’s brain-nourishing nutrients can help elevate your mood, too.
In fact, fascinating studies from 2010, 2017, and 2019 all support a growing body of research suggesting Mediterranean-style diets can actually help treat depression!

In one of the studies, 30% of participants entered remission for their moderate to severe depression after a 12-week Mediterranean diet intervention that included olive oil.
Additional research suggests that olive oil’s beneficial fats support the central nervous system, helping nerves function properly and increasing levels of the mood-supporting neurotransmitter serotonin.


6. Olive Oil combats pain + inflammation.
Olive oil may be a particularly good addition to your diet if you suffer from arthritis or another chronic inflammatory condition.
For one, monounsaturated fats have been shown to reduce levels C-reactive protein, an inflammatory marker that’s elevated in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
Olive Oil also contains the polyphenol oleocanthal, which has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties similar to ibuprofen.
Some experts believe that regular intake of oleocanthal-containing foods may reduce risk for risk for inflammatory diseases.


7. Olive Oil may boost bone health + strength.
In the weird-but-true category: A 2018 study revealed increased bone density among women who had the highest intake of olive oil—results that held true even after accounting for the women’s intake of bone-building calcium and vitamin D.
Inflammation in the body can actually turn on osteoclast cells, which break down bone, but researchers speculate that olive oil’s anti-inflammatory polyphenols may trigger mechanisms that help prevent bone breakdown and stimulate bone formation.


8. Olive Oil supports a healthy gut microbiome.
Your gut microbiome influences everything from digestion to mood to the appearance of your skin, so keeping it healthy is in your best interest!

Great news:
Olive oil’s polyphenols may reduce inflammation of the GI tract and foster the growth of good bacteria, according to a 2019 review.
Specifically, researchers found that eating about 1.5 tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil per day helped elevate populations of healthy bifidobacteria in the gut.


9. Olive Oil supports a healthy immune system.
Whether you’re trying to avoid a cold, curb risk of cancer, or manage an autoimmune condition, a healthy immune system is vital.
And, turns out, your immune system really likes healthy fats!
A 2015 study found that eating 3 tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil every day was associated with greater growth and activation of T-cells, immune cells that attack foreign invaders.

On the other hand, eating an equal amount of corn oil, butter, or soybean oil did not have these benefits.
Greater levels of polyphenols and MUFAs in EVOO could be to thank.
Some researchers also believe it may have a beneficial impact in helping fight infection from COVID-19.


10. Olive Oil balances blood sugar and may help prevent diabetes.
Healthy fats are a key dietary component for anyone trying to prevent or manage type 2 diabetes.
In a 2017 study, people who ate the most olive oil had lower fasting blood sugar and a 16% reduced risk of developing diabetes.

All fats help slow the absorption of glucose into the bloodstream, which can keep blood sugar stable, but research suggests the main monounsaturated fat in olive oil, oleic acid, may be particularly protective against insulin resistance.
Saturated fats, on the other hand, can promote inflammation and have a harmful effect on beta cells, the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas.


11. Olive Oil may help you lose weight.
Because olive oil helps keep blood sugar levels stable, it can help curb cravings that might otherwise lead to overeating and weight gain—another reason to ditch your fat-free salad dressing in favor of EVOO and vinegar!

A study from 2018 found that overweight women who added 1+ tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil to their morning meal lost more body fat and had a bigger drop in blood pressure compared to women who added soybean oil to their breakfast.
Earlier research has shown that high olive oil consumption in the context of a Mediterranean diet doesn’t cause weight gain.
Of course, olive oil is still a calorie-dense food, so your best bet is to use it to replace less healthy fats in your diet.


12. Olive Oil’s the healthiest oil you can cook with.
Contrary to popular belief, EVOO actually has a moderate-to-high smoke point of 350⁰F to 410⁰F, however, smoke point does not correlate to how stable a cooking oil is under heat.
Research from 2018 suggests that extra virgin olive oil is the most stable cooking oil, resisting degradation better than oils with a high smoke point.
This means you can use extra virgin olive oil for sautéing, stir-frying, baking, and even frying.

Thanks to its abundance of heat-stable MUFAs and polyphenols, olive oil counteracts the oxidative stress caused by heat and slows the formation of unhealthy compounds, like free radicals.
But what really sets olive oil apart as a cooking oil?
A 2015 study found that cooking vegetables like tomato, eggplant, and pumpkin in extra virgin olive oil actually boosted the antioxidant content of those vegetables!

The bottom line is that olive oil is incredibly nutritious, and no other cooking oil compares in terms of flavor, versatility, and head-to-toe health benefits.
So go ahead, give your meals and recipes a good drizzle (or glug) of this liquid gold.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of OLIVE OIL:
Food energy per 100 g (3.5 oz): 3,700 kJ (880 kcal)
Melting point: −6.0 °C (21.2 °F)
Boiling point: 299 °C (570 °F)
Smoke point: 190–215 °C (374–419 °F) (extra virgin)
215 °C (419 °F) (virgin)
210 °C (410 °F) (refined)
Solidity at 20 °C (68 °F): Liquid
Specific gravity at 20 °C (68 °F): 0.911
Viscosity at 20 °C (68 °F): 84 cP
Refractive index: 1.4677–1.4705 (virgin and refined)
1.4680–1.4707 (pomace)
Iodine value: 75–94 (virgin and refined)
75–92 (pomace)
Acid value: maximum: 6.6% (refined and pomace)
0.8% (extra virgin)
Saponification value: 184–196 (virgin and refined)
182–193 (pomace)
Peroxide value: 20 (virgin)
10 (refined and pomace)



OLUS OIL
EINECS 232-313-5 CAS NO:8002-53-7
OMNIRAD TPO
Omnirad TPO is a highly efficient, low yellowing, Type I photoinitiator used to initiate radical polymerization of unsaturated oligomers e.g. acrylates, after exposure to UV light. Omnirad TPO can be used in combination with mono or multi-functional monomers as reactive diluents.
Omnirad TPO is a photo initiator, used in many kinds of ink industries.

CAS: 75980-60-8
MF: C22H21O2P
MW: 348.37
EINECS: 278-355-8

Omnirad TPO is a monoacylphosphine oxide based photoinitiator that can be incorporated in a variety of polymeric matrixes for efficient curing and color stability of the resin.
Omnirad TPO-L may be used, after adequate testing, in UV curable coating and ink formulations based on acrylates, for substrates such as paper, wood, metal, plastics and glass.
In order to improve surface cure.
Omnirad TPO-L is usually combined with other photoinitiators such as Omnirad 481, Omnirad 73
and Omnirad BP Flake.
Formulated product properties will depend on the actual reactive monomers, oligomers and additives utilized.

Omnirad TPO is an efficient free radical (1)-type, highly efficient photoinitiator with absorption in the long wavelength range.
Due to Omnirad TPO's wide absorption range, the effective absorption peak is 350 ~ 400nm, and the absorption peak is about 420nm, which is longer than that of the conventional initiator, after the light can be generated benzoyl and phosphoryl two free radicals, can initiate polymerization, so the light curing speed is fast, Omnirad TPO also has a photo bleaching effect, suitable for thick film Deep curing and coating characteristics of no yellow, with low volatility, suitable for water-based.

Omnirad TPO Chemical Properties
Melting point: 88-92 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 519.6±60.0 °C(Predicted)
Density: 1.12 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
Refractive index: n20/D 1.475(lit.)
Fp: >230 °F
Storage temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
Solubility: soluble in Methanol
Form: powder to crystal
Color: Light yellow to Yellow to Green
Water Solubility: 3.4mg/L at 20℃
λmax: 400nm(DMF)(lit.)
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 3.1 at 23℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 75980-60-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Omnirad TPO (75980-60-8)

Uses
Omnirad TPO can be used in the photo-crosslinking of PMMA composite, which can further be used as a gate insulator in organic thin film transistors (OTFTs).
Omnirad TPO can also be used in the formation of UV curable urethane-acrylate coatings.
Omnirad TPO may also be used in the photoinduced reaction for the formation of organophosphine compounds, which potentially find their usage as ligands with metal catalysts and reagents.

Omnirad TPO used for white system, can be used for UV curing coating, printing ink, UV curing adhesive, optical fiber coating, photoresist, photopolymerization printing plate, stereolithography resin, composite material, tooth filling material, etc.

Omnirad TPO is a photoinitiator, which is mainly used for screen printing ink, lithographic printing ink, flexo printing ink and wood coating.
Omnirad TPO in the white or high titanium dioxide pigment surface can be completely cured.
Widely used in a variety of coatings, because of its excellent absorption properties, making Omnirad TPO particularly suitable for silk printing ink, lithography, flexo printing ink, wood coating.
No yellowing of coating, low post-polymerization effect and no residue.
Omnirad TPO can also be used for transparent coatings, especially for products with low odor requirements.
When used alone in unsaturated polyesters of styrene-containing systems, Omnirad TPO has a high initiation efficiency.

For the acrylate system, especially the colored system, usually need to be used with amine or acrylamide, at the same time and other photo initiator compound, in order to achieve the complete curing of the system is particularly suitable for low yellowing, curing of White systems and thick film layers.
The photoinitiator Omnirad TPO can be used in combination with the PDB 240 or CBP 393 to improve the curing efficiency.
Omnirad TPO is the best extraction solvent for Petroleum aromatic hydrocarbon plant, and is also used as formylation reagent in fine chemical industry.
Omnirad TPO is the best extraction solvent for a Petroleum aromatic hydrocarbon plant; The mixed solution of N-formylmorpholine and morpholine (1:1) is the extraction solvent for a methyl ethyl ketone plant.

Synonyms
75980-60-8
Diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide
(Diphenylphosphoryl)(mesityl)methanone
Phosphine oxide, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-
diphenylphosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone
EINECS 278-355-8
diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphineoxide
DTXSID4052502
2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide
2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide
UNII-B9EIM2D97X
B9EIM2D97X
Methanone, (diphenylphosphinyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-
diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide
trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide
TPO
EC 278-355-8
Photocure TPO
2,4,6-trimethyl benzoyldiphenyl phosphine oxide
TMDPO
di(phenyl)phosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone
CHIVACURE TPO
DOUBLECURE TPO
ADDITOL TPO
GENOCURE TPO
SCHEMBL27651
CHEMBL3561198
DTXCID8031075
VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-
Tox21_303757
MFCD00192110
AKOS015840661
CS-W009334
NCGC00357056-01
AC-10380
AS-14718
CAS-75980-60-8
LS-106027
2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyldi phenylphosphinoxide
D3358
FT-0609902
2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphineoxide
2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide
O11728
(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)diphenylphosphine oxide
diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphorus oxide
diphenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl phosphine oxide
diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide
diphenyl-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide
2,4,6-TRIMETHYLBENZOYLDIPHENYLPHOSPHINEOXIDE
Metanona, (difenilfosfinil)(2,4,6-trimetilfenil)-
Diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, 97%
Phosphine oxide, diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-
Q27274548
TRIMETHYLBENZOYL DIPHENYLPHOSPHINE OXIDE [INCI]
(DIPHENYLPHOSPHINYL)(2,4,6-TRIMETHYLPHENYL)METHANONE
Lucirin TPO solid (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenyl phosphine oxide)
OPAQUE POLYMER
Opaque polymer is a scattering pigment that partially replaces TiO2.

Opacifiers and Opaque Polymers

Reduced TiO2 consumption
Ataman's advanced OPAQUE POLYMERS (polymeric opacifiers) support reduced TiO2 consumption by up to 20-35%.

OPAQUE POLYMER is a highly efficient, voided latex product that improves hiding and whiteness in paints and coatings and partially replaces titanium dioxide (TiO2).

Opaque Polymer is a hollow-sphere polymeric pigment that allows paint manufacturers to reduce the raw material cost of their formulations with no performance penalties.


Adding Opaque Polymer to conventional paints allows the paint manufacturer to reduce the initial level of TiO2 and provide significant cost savings with equal properties.

Because Opaque Polymer has a comparatively low binder demand, the total PVC can be slightly increased without sacrificing paint performance.

The extender levels may need to be rebalanced to adjust gloss by adjusting the ratio of large and small particle size extenders, and the water level and thickener may need to be adjusted to keep volume solids and viscosity constant.



Opacifiers and opaque polymers can be used in wall coating formulations as a partial replacement of TiO2 to achieve a balance of performance and cost.

Our opaque polymer additives help your formulations offer opacity, gloss, and brightness for paints and coatings.

Our advanced polymeric opacifiers are engineered to improve the efficiency of titanium dioxide (TiO2) through better spacing for improved light scattering – all while maintaining the performance of the paint or coating.





OPAQUE POLYMER is an organic opacifier for water-based paints and coatings, mainly white and pastel formulations.

To a certain extent, using OPAQUE POLYMER enables white and pastel paints and coatings formulators to decrease their titanium dioxide consumption.

Current market conditions related to the rising cost of TiO2 allow this product to deliver value at higher levels of TiO2 replacement and in more formulating spaces.

Opaque polymer was developed to supplement titanium dioxide (TiO2) in paint formulators with a light-scattering pigment.

The hollow-sphere structure of OPAQUE POLYMER provides a controlled and consistent level of air void hiding in paint through the refractive index differential between the internal air void and the outer polymer shell.

The encapsulated air voids hide without losing resistance properties associated with other raw materials, which provide hiding through increased film porosity.

Extensive research and practical experience demonstrate that OPAQUE POLYMER may economically replace 10 to 20% of TiO2 in white and pastel architectural paints.


As a result, there is growing interest in using OPAQUE POLYMER at higher levels of TiO2 replacement in white and pastel acrylics.

This interest extends to using OPAQUE POLYMER in mid-tone tint bases, primers, and polyvinyl acetate (PVA) paints.







ORGAL ORGAWHITE 2000 OPAQUE POLYMER


Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is an ammonia, formaldehyde, and APEO-free OPAQUE POLYMER designed for water-based paints and other coatings.



OPAQUE POLYMER is an organic opacifier for water-based paints and coatings, mainly white and pastel formulations.


ORGAL ORGAWHITE 2000 is an OPAQUE POLYMER

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is a non-film-forming.

polymer emulsion that forms hollow air-filled particles when dried.

When used in paint formulations to partially replace TiO2 and other extenders, Orgal Orgawhite 2000 acts like a fine-particle inorganic extender, spacing the TiO2 particles.

This improves the efficiency of TiO2.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 has a very low surface area, and the binder demand is very low.


This allows the paint formulators to work at higher pigment volume concentrations.

Utilizing the benefits of the Orgal Orgawhite 2000, the paint formulation cost could be reduced without reducing the performance.

Alternatively, the paint performance could be improved without increasing the
cost.


TYPICAL PROPERTIES

Appearance: White emulsion

Non-Volatile Content (by weight) % ± 1: 30

Viscosity (Brookfield LVT 2/60): 500 cps max

pH: 8.0 - 8.7

Specific Gravity of Dry Polymer @ 25°C: 0.6 ± 0.02

Particle Size (nm): 450 ± 50



APPLICATION PROPERTIES
- APEO-free organic opacifier
- Ammonium hydroxide free
- Broad range of formulations from low to high PVC
- Increased TiO2 efficiency
- Excellent opacity contributions
- Improved formulation cost optimization



PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE
Containers should be well sealed to prevent water evaporation and skin formation and ensure safe storage of this emulsion.
The emulsion must be stored between 5-25°C for 12 months, and freezing must be avoided.
Keeping the emulsion under slow and/or intermittent agitation is strongly advised.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 should not be in contact with any glycols glycol derivatives or aromatic solvents during storage.




































OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX)
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is a type of polyethylene wax that has undergone an oxidation process.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has excellent internal and external lubrication.


CAS Number: 68441-17-8
EC Number: 614-498-8
MDL Number: MFCD00084426
Molecular Formula: C51H102O21Si2



Poe, Ployoxyethylene, Oxidized polyethylene, Oxidizedpolyethylene, Oxidizedpolyethylenewaxes, Ethene, homopolymer, oxidized, Polyethylene,oxidised, Oxidizedpolyethylenewax, Ethene,homopolymer,oxidized, Oxidisedpolyethylenewax, Polyethylene, oxidiz, Oxidized polyethylene wax, Poly(ethylene) oxidized, Polyethylene, oxidized,



OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is obtained by oxidation of polyethylene wax.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) molecules have polar groups like carbonyl groups and hydroxyl groups, a property which increases the compatibility with fillers, pigments, and polar resins.


Wettability and dispersibility of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) are also better than polyethylene wax.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is a low adhesive and hard polymer which has good chemical and heat stability, high softening point and also good lubricant effect.


The molecular chain of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has certain functional groups, so its solubility with polar resin has been significantly improved, which is superior to polyethylene wax.
Low density OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be plasticized ahead of time, and the later torque is reduced.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has excellent internal and external lubrication.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can improve the dispersity of colorant, give products a good luster and improve production efficiency.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is a water-soluble and thermoplastic non-ionic linear macromolecule polymer, which has the properties of flocculation,
thickening, slow release, lubrication, dispersion, retention, water retention, etc., and is non-toxic and non-irritating.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is a low molecular weight polyethylene with hydroxyl and carboxyl.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) acts as a lubricant. Offers good chemical durability.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has good internal and external lubricity, thus it can achieve better lubricating property than the other lubricants when it’s used in the formula of rigid transparent or opaque PVC products.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is a type of polyethylene wax that has undergone an oxidation process.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is derived from the polymerization of ethylene gas and is commonly used in various industries due to its unique properties.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has good cold resistance, heat resistance, chemical resistance and wear resistance, and has good compatibility with polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl acetate, and butyl rubber.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can improve the fluidity of polyethylene, polypropylene and ABS and the demoulding property of polymethylmethacrylate and polycarbonate.


PE wax is non-oxidized wax, OPE wax is oxidized wax, with a certain acid value, oxidized wax molecular chain with a certain amount of carbonyl and hydroxyl, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is excellent new polar wax, so the compatibility with fillers, pigments, polar resins is significantly improved, lubricity, dispersion is better than polyethylene wax, but also both coupling properties.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can improve the fluidity of polyethylene, polypropylene, ABS and the demoulding of polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate.
For PVC and other external lubricants, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has stronger internal lubricating effect compared with other external lubricants.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has low viscosity, high softening point, hardness.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has good special performance, such as non-toxicity, good thermal stability, high temperature and low volatility, excellent dispersity of fillers, pigments, both excellent external lubricity, and strong internal lubrication.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) also has coupling effect, can improve the production efficiency of plastic processing.
Low production cost, good compatibility with polyolefin resin, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has good moisture resistance at room temperature, strong chemical resistance, excellent electrical properties, can improve the appearance of finished products.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is an ideal product to replace Mongolian wax, sichuan wax, liquid paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, natural paraffin wax, polyethylene wax and so on.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) production by polyethylene wax after a special oxidation process oxidation system.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has low molecular weight polyethylene oxide containing hydroxyl and carboxyl groups
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is white and slightly yellow powder, with good chemical stability, soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is made from polyethylene wax after special oxidation process.


The molecular chain has certain functional groups, so OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax)'s miscibility with polar resin has been significantly improved.
Due to a certain amount of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups in the molecular chain of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax), the compatibility with fillers, pigments and polar resins is significantly improved.


The wettability and dispersibility in polar system are better than that of polyethylene wax, and OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) also has coupling property.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is in the plastic processing industry, the internal and external lubrication of PVC is relatively balanced.
The lubricity of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) added to the rigid, transparent and opaque PVC formula is better than that of other lubricants.


Due to its high melting point and low viscosity, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) promotes good resin fluidity, relatively reduces the power consumption of resin mixing, reduces the adhesion between resin and mold, is easy to remove film, plays the role of internal and external lubrication, and has good antistatic property.



USES and APPLICATIONS of OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is also widely applied to PE or PVC cables, PVC profiles, pipe as new-type plastic lubricants.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is made from polyethylene wax by special oxidation process.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has special properties such as low viscosity, high softening point and good hardness.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is a non-toxic, good thermal stability, low temperature volatility, excellent dispersion for fillers and pigments.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) not only has excellent external lubricity, but also has a strong internal lubricating effect, and also has a coupling effect, which can improve the production efficiency of plastic processing and reduce production costs.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is used PVC heat stabilizer and profile, pipe, plate, etc.
After emulsification, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is used for the paper industry, printing and dyeing and garment industry,water-based ink,water-based shoe polish;


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is used Masterbatch, filler masterbatch, modified masterbatch,functional masterbatch;
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is used Hot melt adhesive, adhesives.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is used Paint, coating, road marking paint


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is used in many products, such as PVC compound, PVC profile, PVC pipe, PVC cable filler, TPE processing aids, hot melt adhesives, and PVC sheet.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is widely used in papermaking, coatings, inks, textile printing and dyeing, daily chemical industries and other industries.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) used in color masterbatch, PVC products, Wax emulsion (emulsification) , modified material.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is used as lubricants in the processing of plastics , used in the field of hot melt road marking material, act as dispersant for masterbatches, pigment, carbon black, can be used as additive for various types of waxes like shoeshine, floor wax, car wax etc.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can also be emulsified in water. Emulsions are used in finishing of textiles to get a smooth surface which facilitates further production steps.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is used in many products, such as PVC compound, PVC profile, PVC pipe, PVC cable filler, TPE processing aids, hot melt adhesives, and PVC sheet.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) acts as the lubricant, cost-saving agent and release agent in the course of extruding, calendering, injecting, blowing molding of PE, PP and other plastic.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) acts as the dispersant for masterbatches, pigment, carbon black, additive for parent material, filling parent material and other pigments.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is applied in the field of hot melt road marking material.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) acts as the additive for shoeshine, floor wax, car wax, polishing wax, chinaware, pill wax, paint, coating, cable, carbon paper, wax paper, textile softening agent etc.


The additive for rubber process and car anti-rust agent etc.
A method of preparation of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax), which has many applications such as in plastics, rubber, leather, paper, inks and textiles, etc. was developed.


The experiments of polyethylene waxes oxidization were carried out in a pilot plant.
The reactor was a 0.27 m diameter and 3 m high column reactor with a conical distribution plate.
The experimental results showed that the optimal conditions for preparation of the Oxidized Polyethylene Waxes were: catalyst KMnO4, reaction temperature 141—148°C, reaction time 3-7 h, air velocity 4—8 m/s.


The OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) with acid number of above 30 mgKOH/g could be obtained with this method.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is used as lubricants in the processing of plastics such as polyvinylchloride to prevent the plastic from sticking to the hot surfaces in the machinery, which saves energy and enhances the material properties of products such as PVC pipes and profiles.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can also be emulsified in water.
Wax emulsions are applied as finishes to textiles in order to obtain a smoother surface in order to make them easier to sew and to make them more resistant to linting and pilling.


Polyethylene waxes are used in polishes applied to shoes, furniture, floors and car bodywork and wax emulsions to protect the surface, to provide gloss or to enhance safety by increasing the slip resistance.
Addition of wax emulsions to the coating of glossy magazines protects the surface against ink rub-off.


A thin layer of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can also be applied to the skin of citrus fruit to prevent it from drying out and becoming bruised.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) as PVC profiles, pipes, plates, color masterbatch, processing aid, the dosage of 0.3 ~ 0.5% can improve the surface finish of processed products.


Using OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) as plastic products processing lubricant can effectively improve demoulding, significantly reduce times of mould cleaning.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is mainly used for WPC & foaming material product, such as: PVC WPC foaming profile,plate,WPC building template,foaming profile,foaming board etc rigid product.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is widely used because of its excellent cold resistance, heat resistance, chemical resistance and wear resistance.
In normal production, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be added directly to polyolefin processing as an additive, which increases gloss and processing properties of the product.


As a lubricant, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has stable chemical properties and good electrical properties.
Polyethylene wax is soluble in polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-propylene rubber and butyl rubber.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can improve the fluidity of polyethylene, polypropylene, ABS and the demoulding of polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate.


Polyethylene waxes provide stronger internal lubrication for PVC than other external lubricants.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can also be used as raw and auxiliary materials for textile softener, car wax and leather softener.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be used as dispersant, lubricant, brightener and coupling agent of pigment or filler such as dense masterbatch, polypropylene masterbatch, additive masterbatch and filling masterbatch.


OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is used rubber and plastic processing lubricants, film removers and phase solvents.
In the formulation of waterborne coatings and inks, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) provides excellent wear resistance, adhesion resistance and scratch resistance.


At present, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is widely used in PVC foam board, but it is less used in other aspects due to price reasons.
PVC foam board is the most difficult to produce in PVC products, which has the most problems and is the most difficult to solve.
The plasticization can be significantly accelerated after adding oxidized.


-Good emulsifying property, because a large amount of oxygen-containing groups are introduced during oxidation of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax), the interfacial tension during emulsification is lowered, so that a stable OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) emulsion can be obtained, and reduced the amount of the emulsification agent, which is very important for the polish.


-OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has good compatibility with rubber, plastic, paraffin and other materials.
The internal and external lubrication of PVC is relatively balanced, the addition of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) to the rigid transparent PVC formulation is superior to other lubricants.


-The molecular chain of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has a certain amount of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups.
The OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is an excellent new polar wax, so the compatibility with fillers, pigments and polar resins is significantly improved, lubricity and dispersibility.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is superior to polyethylene wax and also has coupling property.


-OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has good compatibility with polyolefin resin, etc.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has good moisture resistance at normal temperature, strong chemical resistance, excellent electrical properties, improved appearance of finished products, low viscosity and high softening point.

Good hardness and other special properties, non-toxic, good thermal stability, low volatility at high temperature, excellent dispersion of fillers and pigments, excellent external lubricity, strong internal lubrication, and even together, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can improve the production efficiency of plastic processing and reduce production costs.


-Oxidized polyethylene wax for pvc products
*OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be used as PVC and other plastic lubricant.
*OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is excellent internal and external lubrication.
*OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can improve the lubricity between polymer and metal.
*OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can improve the dispersion of colorants.
*Give products good transparency and luster.
*Better improve production efficiency


-OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is commonly used in the production of PVC rigid products due to its excellent compatibility with PVC and its ability to improve various properties of the final product.
Here are some ways in which OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be used in PVC rigid product manufacturing:

*Lubrication:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) acts as a lubricant, reducing friction and improving the flow of PVC during processing.
This facilitates the extrusion or injection molding of PVC rigid products, resulting in improved surface finish and dimensional stability.

*Processing Aid:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can act as a processing aid, enhancing the fusion of PVC resins and improving the melt strength of the material.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can lead to increased productivity and reduced scrap rates during production.

*Impact Modification:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be used as an impact modifier in PVC rigid products, improving their toughness and resistance to impact.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is particularly useful in applications where the product may be subjected to mechanical stresses or impacts, such as pipes or fittings.

*Anti-Blocking Agent:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be used as an anti-blocking agent in PVC films, preventing them from sticking together during storage or transportation.
This improves handling and usability for end-users.

*Matting Effect:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be used to impart a matting effect to PVC coatings and paints, resulting in a matte or satin finish.
This is useful in applications where a glossy appearance is not desired.

*Thermal Stability:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) exhibits good thermal stability, allowing it to withstand high temperatures without significant degradation.
This property makes OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) suitable for use in PVC rigid products that may be exposed to elevated temperatures during processing or use.



CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
the molecular chain of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has certain functional groups, so the solubility of it and polar resin can be improved significantly, which is better than that of polyethylene wax.



ADVANTAGES OF OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is made from polyethylene wax by special oxidation process.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has low viscosity, high softening point, good hardness and other special properties.
In PVC system, low density OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be plasticized ahead of time, and the later torque is reduced.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has excellent internal and external lubrication.



WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX) AND POLYETHYLENE WAX?
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is a bright plastic auxiliaries for internal and external lubrication.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is mainly produced by using polyethylene paraffin stearate stearic acid sulphate heated in a reaction vessel to a temperature of 380 °C for 6 to 8 hours.

The difference between OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) and polyethylene wax is that the OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) contains a modified wax product of a polar gene, so that the properties of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) such as durability and polishing are much better than polyethylene wax.

The chemical properties of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) are more stable than polyethylene wax, non-toxic and non-corrosive, and make OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) more widely used.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is a versatile and highly beneficial material that offers numerous advantages in various industries.

One key advantage of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) lies in its excellent lubricating properties.
Due to its low coefficient of friction, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can effectively reduce friction between surfaces, resulting in reduced wear and tear on equipment and machinery.

This characteristic makes OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) an ideal additive for industrial applications such as plastic processing, rubber compounding, and coatings formulation.
Additionally, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) exhibits outstanding dispersibility, meaning it can be easily incorporated into different mediums without clumping or settling.

This feature of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) allows for even distribution throughout the desired materials, enhancing their overall performance and stability.



ADVANTAGES OF OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
1, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be used as PVC and other plastic lubricant.
2. Excellent internal and external lubrication.
3, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can improve the lubricity between polymer and metal.
4, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can improve the dispersion of colorants.
5, Give products good transparency and luster.
6. Better improve production efficiency



CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
Low adhesive, high softening point and good hardness with stable chemical characteristics of good heat stability, good dispersion performance, no poison, no frost and mucous membrane; as an ideal interior & exterior lubricant, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be used as a substitute for liquid paraffin, natural paraffin etc



PROPERTIES OF OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is a white particle,flake or powder, with good lubricant effect, chemical durability and good electrical performance, soluble in aromatic hydrocarbon.



FEATURES OF OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
1. Improved Compatibility:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) exhibits enhanced compatibility with polar materials, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), and various coatings.
This compatibility facilitates better dispersion and adhesion of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) in these materials, leading to improved performance and stability.

2. Lubrication and Slip Resistance:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) offers excellent lubricating properties, reducing friction and improving the slip resistance of various products.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be used as an additive in coatings, inks, and plastics to enhance surface properties and facilitate processing.

3. Matting Effect:
When used in coatings and paints, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can impart a matting effect, resulting in a matte or satin finish.
This is particularly useful in applications where a glossy appearance is not desired.

4. Improved Rheological Properties:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can modify the rheological properties of formulations, such as viscosity and flow behavior.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can act as a rheology modifier, improving the processability and application characteristics of various systems.

5. Thermal Stability:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) exhibits good thermal stability, allowing it to withstand high temperatures without significant degradation.
This property makes OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) suitable for applications requiring heat resistance, such as hot-melt adhesives and coatings.

6. Anti-blocking Properties:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be used as an anti-blocking agent in films, preventing them from sticking together during storage or transportation.
This improves handling and usability for end-users.



OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX) OFFERS SEVERAL ADVANTAGES, INCLUDING:
1. Improved Surface Properties:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is known to improve the surface properties of materials, such as scratch resistance and slip resistance.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can provide a smooth and glossy finish to products and enhance their durability.

2. Enhanced Processibility:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can improve the processing characteristics of materials, making them easier to handle and process.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can reduce the friction between surfaces during processing, leading to improved flow and reduced processing time.

3. High Thermal Stability:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has high thermal stability and can withstand temperatures up to 150°C without degradation.
This makes OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) suitable for use in high-temperature applications such as hot-melt adhesives and coatings.

4. Low Volatility:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has low volatility, meaning it doesn't easily evaporate into the air.
This makes OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) suitable for use in products where low odor and emissions are important, such as food packaging materials.

5. Compatibility:
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is compatible with a wide range of polymers, including polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and PVC.
This makes OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) a versatile additive that can be used in various applications.



ADVANTAGES OF OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is a versatile and highly advantageous material that offers numerous benefits across various industries.
One key advantage of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) lies in its exceptional lubricating properties.
Due to its low coefficient of friction, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) reduces the friction between surfaces, facilitating smooth movement and reducing wear and tear.

Moreover, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) exhibits excellent heat stability, making it an ideal choice for applications involving high temperatures.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax)'s resistance to chemicals further enhances its utility in industries where exposure to corrosive substances is common.

Another significant advantage is OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax)'s ability to improve the flow characteristics of materials during processing or manufacturing processes like extrusion or injection molding.
This property not only aids in achieving more precise end products but also increases production efficiency by minimizing downtime caused by equipment clogging or jamming issues.

Additionally, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) acts as an effective dispersant, allowing for better distribution of pigments and fillers within formulations such as paints or coatings, resulting in improved coloration and overall quality of the final product.



CHARACTERISTICS OF OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) has good compatibility with PVC and other PVC additives.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is suitable for many kinds of processing conditions, it can improve fusion, melt, impact strength and surface gloss.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) can be widely used in transparent sheets, granules, window profiles, board, and pipes.



MARKET OVERVIEW AND REPORT COVERAGE OF OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is a type of polyethylene wax that is produced by oxidation of low molecular weight polyethylene.
OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is commonly used as a lubricant, dispersant, and processing aid in various industries, including plastics, coatings, adhesives, and rubber.

The future outlook of the OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax)market is positive and promising.
The market of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is expected to witness steady growth during the forecast period.
Technological advancements and innovations in the production of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is likely to drive market growth.

The increasing demand for OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) from end-use industries, such as packaging, textiles, and paints, is another major factor contributing to the growth of the market.
The current outlook of the OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) market is also favorable.

The market is experiencing steady growth due to the wide range of applications of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) in different industries.
The demand for OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is particularly high in the plastics industry, where it is used as a lubricant and release agent.

The rising demand for plastic products from various sectors, including automotive, construction, and packaging, is driving the growth of the OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) market.
Moreover, the growing awareness about the benefits of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax), such as its low melting point, excellent dispersion, and improved processing characteristics, is further fueling market growth.

Additionally, the market of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is witnessing the emergence of new players and the expansion of existing manufacturers, leading to increased competition and product innovation.
However, challenges such as fluctuating raw material prices and environmental concerns regarding the disposal of OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) may impede market growth to some extent.

Nevertheless, the overall outlook for the OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) market remains positive, with a projected compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of % during the forecast period mentioned.



WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX) AND POLYETHYLENE WAX?
PE wax is non-oxidized wax, OPE WAX (Oxidized Polyethylene Wax) is oxidized wax, with a certain acid value, oxidized wax molecular chain with a certain amount of carbonyl and hydroxyl, oxidized polyethylene wax is excellent new polar wax, so the compatibility with fillers, pigments, polar resins is significantly improved, lubricity, dispersion is better than polyethylene wax, but also both coupling properties.

Polyethylene wax has good compatibility with polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene propylene rubber and butyl rubber.
It can improve the fluidity of polyethylene, polypropylene, ABS and the demoulding of polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate.
For PVC and other external lubricants, polyethylene wax has stronger internal lubricating effect compared with other external lubricants.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
Softening point (°C): 90-110
Density (g/cm3): 0.94-0.96
Acid index (mg KOH/g): 12-15
Acid value: 10 - 13 KOH mg/g 13 - 16 KOH mg/g 4 - 10 KOH mg/g
Softening Point℃: 100-105
ViscosityCPS@140℃: 200-300
Acid Value Mg KOH/g: 15-20
Appearance: White bead
Appearance: white powder with light yellow
Molecular weight: 3,000-4,000



FIRST AID MEASURES of OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of OPE WAX (OXIDIZED POLYETHYLENE WAX):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available


O-PHENYL PHENOL
O-phenyl phenol, also known by its IUPAC name 2-phenylphenol, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C12H10O.
O-phenyl phenol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenols and is specifically classified as a bisphenol.
O-phenyl phenol is highly soluble in water, moderately volatile but is not expected to be persistent in the environment.

CAS Number: 90-43-7
Molecular Formula: C12H10O
Molecular Weight: 170.21
EINECS Number: 201-993-5

O-phenyl phenol inhibits the growth of fungi and bacteria.
O-phenyl phenol has a moderate to low toxicity to biodiversity.
The "O-" prefix indicates the position of the phenolic hydroxyl group on the benzene ring.

O-phenyl phenol has a low oral mammalian toxicity, a neurotoxin and is a recognised irritant.
O-phenyl phenol is effective at concentrations as low as 0.05% by weight.
O-phenyl phenol is an ingredient in Lysol® and has been used as a fungicides in Starch, Glue, and Polyvinyl acetate emulsions.

Dilute solutions have also been used for removing lichens from Granite.
O-phenyl phenol, the sodium salt of ortho-phenyl phenol, is more soluble.
O-phenyl phenol and sodium ortho-phenylphenate (NaOPP) are pesticides used commercially in the food industry that have been shown to be carcinogenic to rat urothelium.

O-phenyl phenol and its water-soluble salt, sodium ortho-phenylphenate (SOPP), are antimicrobial agents used as bacteriostats, fungicides, and sanitizers.
Both have been used in agriculture to control fungal and bacterial growth on stored crops, such as fruits and vegetables.
O-phenyl phenol consists of two phenol groups connected by an oxygen atom.

O-phenyl phenol has a molecular structure where a phenolic ring is attached to another phenolic ring through an oxygen bridge.
O-phenyl phenol has been used for various purposes, including as a disinfectant, fungicide, and bactericide.
O-phenyl phenol has antimicrobial properties, and these characteristics make it suitable for applications in the preservation of certain products.

O-phenyl phenol exhibits antimicrobial activity, particularly against bacteria and fungi.
This property has led to its use in agricultural settings, food processing, and as a preservative in some consumer products.
O-phenyl phenol is applied topically to the crop and then rinsed off, leaving the chemical residue, O-phenyl phenol.

Most agricultural food applications have been revoked, but O-phenyl phenol and SOPP are still used on pears and citrus (U.S.EPA, 2006).
O-phenyl phenol is still used as a disinfectant fungicide for industrial applications, on ornamental plants and turfs, in paints, and as a wood preservative.
O-phenyl phenol is a member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.

O-phenyl phenol is generally used as a post-harvest fungicide for citrus fruits.
O-phenyl phenol has a role as an environmental food contaminant and an antifungal agrochemical.
O-phenyl phenol derives from a hydride of a biphenyl.

Many brands and several voluntary standards limit concentrations of OPP in finished goods, especially in textile articles since there are known safer dye carrier alternatives.
O-phenyl phenol is also known by other names, including phenylphenol, and 2-phenyl phenol.
The chemical formula for O-phenyl phenol is C₆H₅C₆H₄OH.

O-phenyl phenol is a broad spectrum fungicide used to protect crops in storage.
O-phenyl phenol is more selective than other free phenols but does produce phytotoxic effects.
O-phenyl phenol, or o-phenylphenol, is an organic compound.

In terms of structure, O-phenyl phenol is one of the monohydroxylated isomers of biphenyl.
O-phenyl phenol is a white solid.
O-phenyl phenol is a biocide used as a preservative with E number E231 and under the trade names Dowicide, Torsite, Fungal, Preventol, Nipacide and many others.

When heated to decomposition, O-phenyl phenol emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
In leather, O-phenyl phenol is still a preferred preservative for use during wet blue production, but it should be carefully controlled to minimize final concentrations.
O-phenyl phenol has been found to cause skin changes (discoloration) and irritation to the mucous membranes.

In the past, O-phenyl phenol was used in home sanitizers for surfaces.
This property makes it effective against a range of bacteria and fungi.
In the past, O-phenyl phenol has been used as a surface disinfectant in the food industry, particularly for the treatment of fruits and vegetables to prevent spoilage and decay during storage and transportation.

O-phenyl phenol has been employed as a post-harvest treatment for fruits and vegetables to extend their shelf life by inhibiting the growth of fungi and bacteria.
There have been concerns about the potential health effects of O-phenyl phenol, and regulatory agencies have set limits on its use in certain products.
Long-term exposure or exposure at high concentrations may pose health risks, and safety guidelines should be followed.

O-phenyl phenol can persist in the environment, and its residues may be detected in soil and water.
This persistence raises environmental considerations and has led to regulatory scrutiny in some regions.
Due to health and environmental concerns, the use of O-phenyl phenol has decreased in certain applications.

In response, industries have sought alternative preservatives and antimicrobial agents.
Ongoing research and development efforts are aimed at finding effective and safer alternatives to O-phenyl phenol, especially in areas where its use is restricted.
O-phenyl phenol is volatile and has limited water solubility, whereas SOPP is not volatile and is more water soluble.

General population exposure can occur via dermal, inhalational, or oral routes from residential use and by ingesting treated food or food that was in contact with treated surfaces or equipment.
O-phenyl phenol was detected in 40 of 60 different canned beers at concentrations in the low parts per billion.
Estimated human intakes have been below recommended intake limits.

O-phenyl phenol is efficiently absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and through the skin, and is eliminated rapidly from the body as OPP glucuronide and sulfate conjugates (Bartels et al., 1998; Cnubben et al. 2002; Timchalk et al., 1998).
Available evidence suggests that O-phenyl phenol does not accumulate in the body; however, small amounts of O-phenyl phenol have been measured in human adipose tissue.
O-phenyl phenol can be synthesized through various methods, including the reaction of phenol with benzene in the presence of catalysts.

The chemical structure of O-phenyl phenol consists of a phenolic ring (phenol) with an additional phenyl group attached to the ortho position, hence the name O-phenyl phenol.
O-phenyl phenol exhibits antimicrobial properties by disrupting the cell membranes of microorganisms, leading to their inactivation.
O-phenyl phenol is a broad-spectrum fungicide used to protect crops in storage.

O-phenyl phenol has been employed as a preservative in agriculture, particularly for the protection of seeds and crops.
O-phenyl phenol helps prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria that could otherwise damage agricultural products.
In the food industry, O-phenyl phenol has been used as a preservative on certain fruits and vegetables.

O-phenyl phenol helps extend the shelf life of produce by inhibiting the growth of spoilage microorganisms.
O-phenyl phenol has been incorporated into certain disinfectants and cleaning products due to its antimicrobial properties.
O-phenyl phenol contributes to the formulation of products designed to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi on surfaces.

The use of O-phenyl phenol in certain applications, especially in the food industry, is subject to regulatory oversight.
Regulatory authorities establish acceptable levels and guidelines to ensure the safety of consumers and the environment.
O-phenyl phenol has been used in various applications, there have been discussions about its potential health and environmental concerns.

As with any chemical, O-phenyl phenol is important to follow recommended guidelines and regulations for safe use.
O-phenyl phenol is highly soluble in water, moderately voatile but is not expected to be persistent in the environment.
O-phenyl phenol has been incorporated into certain disinfectant and cleaner formulations for its antimicrobial properties, contributing to the efficacy of these products.

In the preservation of cultural heritage artifacts, O-phenyl phenol has been used as a fungicide to protect items susceptible to fungal deterioration.
O-phenyl phenol has been employed as an additive in paint and coating formulations to inhibit the growth of fungi and algae on painted surfaces.
O-phenyl phenol has been utilized in certain analytical chemistry techniques.

O-phenyl phenol may be employed in analytical methods for the determination of various substances.
In water treatment processes, O-phenyl phenol has been used as an antimicrobial agent to control the growth of microorganisms in water systems.
O-phenyl phenol is a synthetic organic compound that belongs to the class of phenols.

O-phenyl phenol is a white to buff-colored crystalline solid with a distinct odor.
In agriculture, O-phenyl phenol has been used as a fungicide to protect crops from various fungal diseases.
The synthesis of certain dyes may involve O-phenyl phenol as a starting material or intermediate in chemical processes.

Ongoing scientific studies focus on understanding the environmental fate, health impacts, and potential alternatives to O-phenyl phenol, contributing to advancements in sustainable and safe practices.
Regulatory agencies conduct risk assessments to evaluate the potential risks associated with the use of O-phenyl phenol in various applications.
This information informs regulatory decisions and guidelines.

Regulations regarding the use of O-phenyl phenol can vary globally.
Different countries may have specific regulations or restrictions on its use in various products.
The primary use of O-phenyl phenol is as an agricultural fungicide.

O-phenyl phenol is generally applied post-harvest.
O-phenyl phenol is a fungicide used for waxing citrus fruits.
O-phenyl phenol is no longer a permitted food additive in the European Union, but is still allowed as a post-harvest treatment in 4 EU countries.

O-phenyl phenol helps prevent the growth of fungi on plants, preserving the quality of crops.
O-phenyl phenol react as a weak organic acid.
May react with strong reducing substances such as hydrides, nitrides, alkali metals, and sulfides to generate flammable gas (H2) and the heat of the reaction may ignite the gas.

O-phenyl phenol is sulfonated very readily (for example, by concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature) in exothermic reactions.
O-phenyl phenol has been applied to protect wooden structures, furniture, and utility poles from decay caused by fungi and other microorganisms.

Melting point: 57-59 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 282 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.21
vapor pressure: 7 mm Hg ( 140 °C)
refractive index: 1.6188 (estimate)
FEMA: 3959 | O-phenyl phenol
Flash point: 255 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: Soluble in ethanol, acetone, benzene,sodium hydroxide, chloroform, acetonitrile, toluene, hexane, ligroin, ethyl ether, pyridine, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, glycol ethers and polyglycols.
form: Crystalline Flakes
pka: 10.01(at 25℃)
color: White
Odor: nearly wh. or lt. buff crystals, mild char. sweetish odor
PH: 7 (0.1g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit 1.4-9.5%(V)
Water Solubility: 0.7 g/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,7304
JECFA Number: 735
BRN: 606907
LogP: 3.18 at 22.5℃

O-phenyl phenol has found applications in various industrial processes where antimicrobial or preservative properties are desirable.
In healthcare settings, O-phenyl phenol has been used as a surface disinfectant to maintain a hygienic environment.
O-phenyl phenol is readily degraded in surface waters and municipal waste mixtures, and the degradation is biologically mediated.

Historically, O-phenyl phenol has been used in the production of certain photographic chemicals.
Some studies have explored the antiviral properties of O-phenyl phenol, though research in this area is ongoing.
While its use has diminished in certain consumer products, O-phenyl phenol may still be present in some formulations, depending on regional regulations and product.

In healthcare settings, O-phenyl phenol has been used as a surface disinfectant in hospitals and clinics to help control the spread of infections.
O-phenyl phenol has been employed as a mold inhibitor in certain building materials to prevent the growth of mold and mildew.
In river water, radiolabelled 2- phenylphenol at concentrations ranging from 1.2 to 120 μg/litre was degraded to about 50% of the initial concentration in 1 week.

The addition of mercuric chloride to inhibit biological activity reduced the decrease to only 10% after 30 days.
In activated sludge, radiolabelled O-phenyl phenol at 9.6 mg/litre was degraded to 50% of the initial concentration in 24 h.
O-phenyl phenol therefore meets the criteria to be classified as readily biodegradable (FAO/WHO, 1999).

O-phenyl phenol is found in low concentrations in some household products such as spray disinfectants and aerosol or spray underarm deodorants.
The sodium salt of orthophenyl phenol, O-phenyl phenol, is a preservative, used to treat the surface of citrus fruits.
O-phenyl phenol is prepared by condensation of cyclohexanone to give cyclohexenylcyclohexanone.

O-phenyl phenol has found applications in the pulp and paper industry, where it can be used as a microbiological control agent.
In the conservation and preservation of historic artifacts, O-phenyl phenol may be used in certain treatments to protect items from biological deterioration.
O-phenyl phenol has been considered for use in swimming pool water treatment to control microbial growth, although alternative chemicals are often preferred.

In some biological research applications, O-phenyl phenol may be used in controlled environments to prevent contamination.
In addition to its fungicidal properties, O-phenyl phenol has been used as a miticide in agriculture to control mites.

O-phenyl phenol can be involved in the production of certain thermosetting resins used in various industrial applications.
In aquaculture, O-phenyl phenol has been explored for its potential role in controlling microbial contamination in water systems.

Preparation:
O-phenyl phenol can be recovered from the distillation residue of the process of phenol production via sulfonation.
O-phenyl phenol is also easily soluble in acetone, methanol, soluble in glycerol, but insoluble in oil.
The sodium salt of 2-hydroxy biphenyl, after acidification, can lead to the formation of 2-hydroxy biphenyl with both of them being food additives.

The phenol distillation residue contains about 40% of phenyl phenol with the other components including phenol, inorganic salts, water and so on.
After vacuum distillation, the mixed O-phenyl phenol fraction is separated out with the vacuum being 53.3-66.7kPa.
The latter undergoes dehydrogenation to give O-phenyl phenol.

O-phenyl phenol has been used in the packaging industry as a surface treatment for packaging materials to prevent the growth of microorganisms on surfaces that come into contact with food.
In addition to its use as a fungicide and antimicrobial agent, O-phenyl phenol has been incorporated into certain biocidal products, contributing to their ability to control or eliminate harmful microorganisms.
In some formulations, O-phenyl phenol has been used as a component in waterproofing agents for textiles and other materials.

The temperature, started to be cut at 65-75 ℃ to until 100 ℃ above, but should not higher than 1345 ℃.
Then take advantage of the solubility difference of ortho, p-hydroxy biphenyl in the trichlorethylene, the two are separated into pure product.
The mixed material (mainly 2-hydroxy biphenyl and 4-hydroxy biphenyl) is heated to be dissolved in the trichlorethylene, after cooling, first precipitate out 4-hydroxy biphenyl crystal.

Uses:
O-phenyl phenol is used in the manufacture of plastics, resins, rubber, as Agricultural chemical, in making fungicides; as an intermediate in making dye stuffs and rubber chemicals; a germicide; used in food packaging.
O-phenyl phenol is used for strong sterilization function, as preservative for wood, leather, paper, fruits, vegetables and meat.
O-phenyl phenol is remarkably versatile organic chemical products, widely used antiseptic, auxiliaries and surfactant synthesis of new plastics, resins and polymer materials in areas such as stabilizers and flame retardants.

O-phenyl phenol can be used for hydrophobic synthetic fiber, such as the carrier of chloroprene and dacron carrier dyeing method and the dye intermediate; Or plastic heat stabilizer, surfactant, etc.
O-phenyl phenol is mainly used to prepare oil-soluble o-phenylphenol formaldehyde resin in industry. This resin is used in varnishes with excellent water and alkali stability.
O-phenyl phenol is also used as a reagent for the analysis and detection of sugar in bioanalytical chemistry.

O-phenyl phenol can also be used in the rubber industry as additives, photographic chemicals.
O-phenyl phenol is not used on growing plants because it is too phytotoxic and there appears to be no information published on its metabolism in plants.
O-phenyl phenol and its sodium salt can also be used to produce disinfectants and preservatives for fibers and other materials (wood, fabric, paper, adhesives and leather).

O-phenyl phenol is mainly used industrially for the preparation of oil-soluble o-phenylphenol formaldehyde resin to produce a varnish excellent in water and alkali stability.
O-phenyl phenol has applications as a fungicide in agriculture to protect crops from fungal infections.
O-phenyl phenol has been used as a wood preservative to prevent decay and fungal growth in treated wood products.

O-phenyl phenol has been used in the past as a preservative in some personal care products, such as soaps, deodorants, and lotions.
O-phenyl phenol has also been used in certain industrial and household disinfectants and cleaning products.
The use of O-phenyl phenol is regulated by health and environmental authorities.

In some regions, its use in certain applications may be restricted or subject to specific concentration limits.
Exposure to high concentrations of O-phenyl phenol can be harmful.
O-phenyl phenol's important to follow safety guidelines and regulations when handling products containing this compound.

The environmental impact of O-phenyl phenol, especially in terms of its persistence and potential for bioaccumulation, is a subject of concern.
Regulations may address its use and disposal to minimize environmental risks.
Due to regulatory and safety considerations, there has been a trend toward finding alternative preservatives, and some industries have moved away from the use of O-phenyl phenol in certain applications.

O-phenyl phenol is used for strong sterilization function, as preservative for wood, leather, paper, fruits, vegetables and meat.
O-phenyl phenol is used as antiseptic, printing and dyeing auxiliaries and surfactants, stabilizer and flame retardant for synthesis of new plastics, resins and polymers.
Fluorometric determination of carbohydrate reagents.

Widely used in printing and dyeing auxiliaries and surfactants, synthesis of new plastics, resins and polymers stabilizer and flame retardant and other fields.
O-phenyl phenol is also used as the sodium and potassium salts where water solublity is important.
O-phenyl phenol is used as a dye intermediate, germicide, fungicide, disinfectant, and plasticizer; to manufacture rubber chemicals; in food packaging; as a preservative in water-oil emulsions; antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics; [HSDB] Used as an antimicrobial additive in the manufacture of metalworking fluids, leather, adhesives, and textiles.

O-phenyl phenol is known for its antimicrobial properties and has been used as a preservative and disinfectant in various products.
O-phenyl phenol is used for strong bactericidal function, used as wood, leather, paper, as well as preservative preservation of fruits and vegetables, meat preservation.
O-phenyl phenol is used for the post-harvest control of storage diseases of apples, citrus fruit, stone fruit, tomatoes, cucumbers and other vegetables.

O-phenyl phenol can be used for hydrophobic synthetic fiber, such as the carrier of chloroprene and dacron carrier dyeing method and the dye intermediate; Or plastic heat stabilizer, surfactant, etc.
O-phenyl phenol is mainly used to prepare oil-soluble o-phenylphenol formaldehyde resin in industry.
This resin is used in varnishes with excellent water and alkali stability.

O-phenyl phenol is also used as a reagent for the analysis and detection of sugar in bioanalytical chemistry.
O-phenyl phenol can also be used in the rubber industry as additives, photographic chemicals.

O-phenyl phenol has been used as a fungicide in agriculture to protect crops from fungal diseases.
O-phenyl phenol helps prevent the growth of molds and fungi on plants.
O-phenyl phenol has been employed as a wood preservative to prevent decay and inhibit the growth of fungi, molds, and insects in treated wood products.

O-phenyl phenol has been used as a surface disinfectant, particularly in healthcare settings and public spaces, to control the spread of bacteria and viruses.
O-phenyl phenol helps extend the shelf life of fruits and vegetables by preventing the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage.
O-phenyl phenol has been included in the formulation of certain industrial and household disinfectants to provide antimicrobial properties.

O-phenyl phenol has been used as a treatment to protect fabrics and leather from microbial degradation.
O-phenyl phenol is also used for the protection of textiles and timber and as a fungistat in water-soluble paints.
O-phenyl phenol and its sodium (SOPP) salt have been used world-wide for decades as fungicides and disinfectants.

O-phenyl phenol is used a hydrophobic synthetic fiber polyvinyl chloride, polyester and other carriers using carrier staining method, surfactants, bactericidal preservatives, dyes intermediates.
O-phenyl phenol is also used for disinfection of seed boxes.
O-phenyl phenol is a general surface disinfectant, used in households, hospitals, nursing homes, farms, laundries, barber shops, and food processing plants.

O-phenyl phenol can be used on fibers and other materials.
O-phenyl phenol is used to disinfect hospital and veterinary equipment.
Other uses are in rubber industry and as a laboratory reagent.

O-phenyl phenol is also used in the manufacture of other fungicides, dye stuffs, resins and rubber chemicals.
O-phenyl phenol has been involved in the production of certain photographic chemicals.
O-phenyl phenol has been used as a preservative in some personal care products, such as soaps, deodorants, and lotions.

In addition to its fungicidal properties, O-phenyl phenol has been utilized as a miticide to control mites in agricultural settings.
O-phenyl phenol has been involved in the production of certain thermosetting resins used in the manufacturing of molded products and coatings.
In the aquaculture industry, O-phenyl phenol has been explored for its potential use in controlling microbial contamination in water systems used for fish farming.

In the oil and gas industry, O-phenyl phenol has been investigated for its potential to mitigate bacterial growth in oil wells and related systems.
In controlled environments for biological research, O-phenyl phenol may be used to prevent microbial contamination.
O-phenyl phenol has been used as a surface treatment for certain building materials to prevent the growth of mold and mildew.

Some studies suggest that O-phenyl phenol may exhibit antioxidant properties, and it has been explored as an antioxidant in rubber products.
In the conservation of historic artifacts, O-phenyl phenol has been considered for certain treatments to protect items from biological deterioration.
In agricultural practices, O-phenyl phenol has been used as a fogging agent in greenhouses to control the spread of pathogens.

O-phenyl phenol has found applications in various industrial processes where control of microorganisms is essential for production efficiency.
O-phenyl phenol has high activity and has a broad-spectrum sterilization and mold-removing ability.
O-phenyl phenol is a good preservative and can be used for anti-mildew preservation of fruits and vegetables.

O-phenyl phenol is generally used as a hospital and household disinfectant, whereas SOPP is used as a fungicide, which post-harvest treatment of citrus fruits and vegatables for the prevention of mold.
Due to widespread use, including many consumer applications, the fate of O-phenyl phenol in the mammalian organism has been the subject of numerous investigations over many years.

Safety Profile:
Prolonged or repeated exposure to O-phenyl phenol may have adverse effects on health, and chronic exposure has been associated with certain health risks.
O-phenyl phenol can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract upon contact or inhalation.
O-phenylphenol can cause irritation to the skin and eyes upon direct contact.

O-phenyl phenol is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and goggles, to minimize the risk of skin and eye exposure.
This can result in redness, itching, and discomfort.
Some individuals may develop allergic reactions or sensitivities to O-phenyl phenol, leading to symptoms such as skin rash or respiratory issues.

Environmental Hazards:
O-phenyl phenol may have environmental implications.
O-phenyl phenol is important to prevent its release into the environment, as it can be toxic to aquatic organisms and may have adverse effects on ecosystems.
There is a potential for O-phenyl phenol to bioaccumulate in organisms, posing a risk to higher trophic levels in the food chain.

Due to the recognized hazards associated with O-phenyl phenol, regulatory authorities have imposed restrictions on its use in certain products or set limits on concentrations to minimize risks to human health and the environment.
O-phenyl phenol can persist in the environment, and its residues may be detected in soil and water.
This persistence raises concerns about potential long-term ecological impacts.

Synonyms:
O-phenyl phenol
2-Hydroxybiphenyl
90-43-7
O-PHENYLPHENOL
Biphenyl-2-ol
2-Biphenylol
o-Hydroxybiphenyl
2-Hydroxydiphenyl
o-Hydroxydiphenyl
Biphenylol
o-Phenyl phenol
Phenylphenol
Orthophenylphenol
Orthoxenol
o-Diphenylol
[1,1'-Biphenyl]-2-ol
Dowicide 1
Torsite
o-Xenol
o-Biphenylol
Preventol O extra
Orthohydroxydiphenyl
Nectryl
(1,1'-Biphenyl)-2-ol
Tumescal OPE
O-phenyl phenol
Remol TRF
Phenol, o-phenyl-
Tetrosin oe
1-Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene
2-Fenylfenol
2-Hydroxybifenyl
o-Xonal
2-Phenyl phenol
Biphenyl, 2-hydroxy-
Invalon OP
Anthrapole 73
2-hydroxy biphenyl
Usaf ek-2219
1,1'-Biphenyl-2-ol
Dowicide
Kiwi lustr 277
Hydroxdiphenyl
(1,1-Biphenyl)-2-ol
o-Phenylphenol, cosmetic grade
Dowicide 1 antimicrobial
Orthophenyl phenol
orthohydroxydipbenyl
NCI-C50351
Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene
Nipacide OPP
NSC 1548
2-Hydroxy-1,1'-biphenyl
O-phenyl phenol-d5
CHEMBL108829
DTXSID2021151
CHEBI:17043
D343Z75HT8
NSC-1548
Dowicide A
E231
o-phenylphenate
Phenyl-2 phenol
ortho-phenylphenate
Biphenyl-2-o1
DTXCID201151
Hydroxybiphenyl
2-Fenylfenol [Czech]
Caswell No. 623AA
2-Hydroxybifenyl [Czech]
CAS-90-43-7
OPP [pesticide]
O-phenyl phenol [BSI:ISO]
CCRIS 1388
Phenyl-2 phenol [ISO-French]
64420-98-0
HSDB 1753
EINECS 201-993-5
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 064103
BRN 0606907
Stellisept
Manusept
Rotoline
UNII-D343Z75HT8
o-phenyl-phenol
AI3-00062
2-phenyl-phenol
Tetrosin OE-N
Amocid (TN)
MFCD00002208
Preventol 3041
ORTOFENILFENOL
Phenylphenol (ortho-)
O-phenyl phenol, 99%
OPP?
PHENYLPHENOL, O-
WLN: QR BR
ORTHO PHENYL PHENOL
EC 201-993-5
O-PHENYLPHENOL [MI]
O-phenyl phenol, BSI, ISO
SCHEMBL29811
4-06-00-04579 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MLS002415765
O-phenyl phenol [ISO]
BIDD:ER0664
O-PHENYLPHENOL [INCI]
[1,1''-biphenyl]-2-ol
O-phenyl phenol [FHFI]
O-phenyl phenol [HSDB]
FEMA 3959
O-phenyl phenol, >=99%, FG
NSC1548
O-phenyl phenol [IARC]
ORTHOPHENYLPHENOL [MART.]
ORTHOPHENYLPHENOL [WHO-DD]
AMY40390
STR07240
Tox21_202415
Tox21_300674
BDBM50308551
ORTHOPHENYL PHENOL (E 231)
AKOS000118750
PS-8698
NCGC00091595-01
NCGC00091595-02
NCGC00091595-03
NCGC00091595-04
NCGC00091595-05
NCGC00091595-06
NCGC00254582-01
NCGC00259964-01
O-phenyl phenol 100 microg/mL in Acetone
AC-10362
SMR000778031
O-phenyl phenol 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane
O-phenyl phenol 1000 microg/mL in Acetone
O-phenyl phenol 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
BB 0223993
FT-0654846
P0200
1,1'-BIPHENYL-2-OL; O-phenyl phenol
EN300-19380
C02499
D08367
E79453
O-phenyl phenol, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard
Q209467
SR-01000944520
SR-01000944520-1
W-100332
F0001-2206
Z104473674
InChI=1/C12H10O/c13-12-9-5-4-8-11(12)10-6-2-1-3-7-10/h1-9,13
CH9
O-PHTHALALDEHYDE
o-Phthalaldehyde is a compound that reacts with primary amines to produce a product that emits a highly fluorescent blue colour.
o-Phthalaldehyde, pale pale yellow solid is a building block in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds and a reagent in the analysis of amino acids.
o-Phthalaldehyde is a building block in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds and a reagent in the analysis of amino acids.

CAS Number: 643-79-8
Molecular Formula: C8H6O2
Molecular Weight: 134.13
EINECS Number: 211-402-2

o-Phthalaldehyde is a pale yellow crystalline solid.
o-Phthalaldehyde is mainly used as a high-level disinfectant (a low-temperature chemical method) for heat-sensitive medical and dental equipment such as endoscopes and thermometers; in recent years, it has gained popularity as a safe and better alternative to glutaraldehyde.

o-Phthalaldehyde or ortho-phthalaldehyde is the chemical compound with the formula C6H4(CHO)2.
Often abbreviated OPA, the molecule is a dialdehyde, consisting of two formyl (CHO) groups attached to adjacent carbon centres on a benzene ring.
o-Phthalaldehyde is a dialdehyde consisting of two formyl groups attached to adjacent carbon centres on a benzene ring.

O-Phthalaldehyde, also known as OPDA or 1,2-benzenedicarboxaldehyde, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₈H₆O₂.
o-Phthalaldehyde is a white to pale yellow solid that is soluble in water, alcohols, and some organic solvents.
O-Phthalaldehyde is primarily used as a disinfectant and sterilizing agent.

o-Phthalaldehyde is a highly effective antimicrobial compound, particularly against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
o-Phthalaldehyde has a broad spectrum of activity and is often used in medical and laboratory settings for disinfection of medical instruments, endoscopes, and other equipment.
o-Phthalaldehyde is also used in the pharmaceutical industry as a disinfectant for drug manufacturing facilities and in water treatment applications.

One of the notable features of o-phthalaldehyde is its rapid action and effectiveness even at low concentrations.
o-Phthalaldehyde has been widely used as an alternative to glutaraldehyde, another commonly used disinfectant, due to its superior performance and reduced toxicity.
O-Phthalaldehyde has been found to be less irritating to the skin and respiratory system compared to glutaraldehyde.

O-Phthalaldehyde is a cyclic compound with a structure consisting of a central benzene ring with two aldehyde functional groups (-CHO) attached to adjacent carbon atoms.
o-Phthalaldehydes chemical formula is C₈H₆O₂, and its molecular weight is 134.13 grams per mole.
O-Phthalaldehyde has a melting point of around 64-66 °C (147-151 °F) and a boiling point of approximately 258-260 °C (496-500 °F).

o-Phthalaldehyde is sparingly soluble in nonpolar solvents but dissolves readily in polar solvents such as water, alcohols, and ethers.
There are some researches show, pH7.5 contains the sterilizing agent of o-phthalaldehyde 0.5%, and its sterilizing power, sterilization speed, stability and toxicity all are better than glutaraldehyde, can kill mycobacterium in the 5min, the bacterium number reduces by 5 logarithmic value, and o-phthalaldehyde is very stable, tasteless in pH3~9 scopes, non-stimulated to human nose, eye mucosa, and need not activate before using, various materials are had good consistency, have tangible microbiocidal activity.

o-Phthalaldehyde is the chemical compound with the formula C6H4(CHO)2.
o-Phthalaldehyde is one of three isomers of benzene dicarbaldehyde, related to phthalic acid.
This pale yellow solid is a building block in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds and a reagent in the analysis of amino acids.

o-Phthalaldehyde dissolves in water solution at pH < 11.5.
o-Phthalaldehydes solutions degrade upon UV illumination and exposure to air.
o-Phthalaldehyde was first described in 1887 when it was prepared from α,α,α’,α’-tetrachloro-o-xylene.

A more modern synthesis is similar: the hydrolysis of the related o-Phthalaldehyde using potassium oxalate, followed by purification by steam distillation.
o-Phthalaldehyde, also known as OPA, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoyl derivatives.
These are o-Phthalaldehydes containing an acyl moiety of benzoic acid with the formula (C6H5CO-).

o-Phthalaldehyde has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ).
O-phthalaldehyde is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives.
Technically o-Phthalaldehyde is part of the human exposome.

o-Phthalaldehyde can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health.
An individual's o-Phthalaldehyde begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.

o-Phthalaldehyde, reacts with all primary amine-containing analytes to yield fluorescent isoindole derivatives.
o-Phthalaldehyde, provides an accurate measure of both composition and absolute protein-peptide content.
o-Phthalaldehyde, ıdeal for work with recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides.

o-Phthalaldehyde, can be used for fluorescent protein or peptide assay
o-Phthalaldehyde, pre-column derivatization mixtures can be injected into LC without any processing
Fluoraldehyde Reagent Solution contains OPA (o-phthalaldehyde), which reacts with primary amines of amino acids, peptide and proteins to enable fluorescent detection and quantitation.

o-Phthalaldehyde that can be used as a protein or peptide assay reagent or as a pre- or post-column detection reagent for amino acid analysis (HPLC).
Reaction of o-Phthalaldehyde with proteins and peptides yields linear results over a wide range of concentrations.
The o-Phthalaldehyde is supplied ready to use and enables fast quantitation of proteins or peptides in solution.

The reactivity of o-Phthalaldehyde is complicated by the fact that in water it forms both a mono- and dihydrate, C6H4(CHO)(CH(OH)2) and C6H4(CH(OH))2O, respectively.
o-Phthalaldehydes reactions with nucleophiles often involves the reaction of both carbonyl groups.
o-Phthalaldehyde(OPA)-amine reaction and OPA-amine-thiol reaction have been developed to effectively modify native peptides and proteins under the physiological conditions.

Melting point: 55-58 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 83-84 °C (0.7501 mmHg)
Density: 1.13
vapor pressure: 0.56Pa at 25℃
refractive index: 1.4500 (estimate)
Flash point: >230 °F
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: The solubility of o-phthalaldehyde is 3g/100 mL diisopropyl ether, 5g/100mL deionized water, 20g/100mL chloroform, or 20g/100mL acetone at 20°C.
form: powder
color: yellow
PH: 7 (53g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: soluble
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
Merck: 14,7368
BRN: 878317
Exposure limits ACGIH: SL .025 mg/100 cm2; Ceiling 0.1 ppb (Skin)
Stability: Stable. Air sensitive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases.
LogP: 0.99 at 30℃

O-Phthalaldehyde exhibits rapid and potent antimicrobial activity, making it highly effective against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
O-Phthalaldehyde is known for its ability to kill bacterial spores, which are highly resistant to many disinfectants.
Compared to other disinfectants like glutaraldehyde, o-phthalaldehyde is generally less toxic, less irritating to the skin and respiratory system, and less likely to cause allergic reactions.

O-Phthalaldehyde has a shorter contact time requirement for effective disinfection, which can improve workflow efficiency in healthcare and laboratory settings.
O-Phthalaldehyde is a dialdehyde in which two formyl groups are attached to adjacent carbon centres on a benzene ring.
O-Phthalaldehyde, in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol, reacts with primary amines to form highly fluorescent products.

Phthalaldehyde , primary amine and a sulfhydryl.
O-Phthalaldehyde can be manufactured by oxidation of phthalan by nitrogen monoxide in acetonitrile with N-hydroxyphthalimide as the catalyst to yield 80% to 90%.

O-Phthalaldehyde disinfectant is composed of the following raw materials by weight percent: 0.5-1% of o-phthalaldehyde, 0.5-5% of ASK solution (which is obtained by adding alkylene aliphatic sulfonic anhydride in an alkaline solution to react), 5-20% of short chain alcohol, 0.1-1% of complexing agent, 0.2-2% of pH buffer agent, and the balance of deionized water. By adopting the compound form of the o-phthalaldehyde disinfectant and the alkylene aliphatic sulfonic anhydride, good synergic sterilization effect and no foam are realized, and the spraying and immersion disinfection can be satisfied.

O-Phthalaldehyde is relatively stable under normal storage conditions.
O-Phthalaldehyde should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
O-Phthalaldehyde is important to keep o-phthalaldehyde containers tightly sealed to prevent exposure to air, moisture, and contaminants.

Over time, o-phthalaldehyde may undergo gradual oxidation, leading to a yellow discoloration.
However, this does not significantly affect its disinfection properties.
O-Phthalaldehyde exerts its antimicrobial activity by interacting with cellular components of microorganisms, primarily proteins and enzymes.

O-Phthalaldehyde disrupts the integrity of microbial cell walls and membranes, inhibits enzymatic activity, and interferes with essential cellular processes, ultimately leading to microbial death.
O-Phthalaldehyde is compatible with various materials commonly used in medical and laboratory settings, such as stainless steel, glass, rubber, and plastics like polyethylene and polypropylene.

However, O-Phthalaldehyde may cause discoloration or damage to certain materials, such as polycarbonate, acrylics, and some types of elastomers.
O-Phthalaldehyde is recommended to perform compatibility testing on sensitive materials before prolonged exposure to o-phthalaldehyde.
O-Phthalaldehyde is widely used in analytical chemistry as a reagent for the determination and quantification of various compounds.

O-Phthalaldehyde is commonly employed as a derivatizing agent for amino acids and proteins in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analyses.
O-Phthalaldehyde reacts with primary amines to form highly fluorescent derivatives, allowing for sensitive detection and quantification of amino acids and other amine-containing compounds.

O-Phthalaldehyde has a strong odor, often described as pungent or unpleasant.
Proper ventilation is recommended when working with O-Phthalaldehyde.
O-Phthalaldehyde is sensitive to light and may undergo photochemical degradation.

Therefore, it is advisable to store o-phthalaldehyde in amber-colored containers and protect it from direct light exposure.
The pH of the solution can affect the stability and reactivity of o-phthalaldehyde.
Generally, a slightly acidic pH (around 4-5) is optimal for its derivatization reactions.

Uses
o-Phthalaldehyde can be widely used for precolumn derivatization of amino acids in O-Phthalaldehyde separation or Capillary electrophoresis.
For flow cytometric measurements of protein thiol groups.
Precolumn derivatization reagent for primary amines and amino acids.

The fluorescent derivative can be detected by reverse-phase O-Phthalaldehyde.
The reaction requires O-Phthalaldehyde, primary amine and a sulfhydryl.

O-Phthalaldehyde is primarily used as a disinfectant and sterilizing agent in various industries, including healthcare, pharmaceuticals, and water treatment.
O-Phthalaldehyde is commonly employed for disinfecting medical equipment, such as endoscopes, surgical instruments, and dialysis equipment.
O-Phthalaldehyde is also utilized in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical products as a disinfectant for facilities and equipment involved in drug production.

In water treatment, O-Phthalaldehyde can be used to control microbial growth and eliminate bacteria and other microorganisms in water systems.
O-Phthalaldehyde is a high-level chemical disinfectant that is commonly used for disinfection of dental and medical
instruments as an alternative to glutaraldehyde, which is a known skin and respiratory sensitizer.

O-Phthalaldehyde is used as a disinfectant and as a tanning agent in leather industry.
O-Phthalaldehyde is useful for the sterilization of endoscopic instruments, thermometers, rubber and plastic equipment which cannot be sterilized by heating system.
O-Phthalaldehyde is also used as an intermediate in synthesis of pharmaceuticals, medicines, and other organic compounds.

O-phthalaldehyde(OPA) is used for precolumn derivatization of amino acids for HPLC separation and for flow cytometric measurements of protein thiol groups.
O-Phthalaldehyde used for fluorometric determination of histamine, histidine and other amino acids.
Also O-Phthalaldehyde used for cholesterol assay in the picomole range.

O-Phthalaldehyde has been used in the preparation of O-phthaldialdehyde reagent for analysing gentamycin content.
O-Phthalaldehyde in the preparation of reagent for determining the degree of hydrolysis of milk proteins.
O-Phthalaldehyde in the measurement of free amino acids of milk samples by O-phthaldialdehyde/N-acetyl-L-cysteine (OPA/NAC) assay.

o-Phthalaldehyde is used for the quick visualization of histamine, characterized by the appearance of a yellow stain.
O-Phthalaldehyde is used in the following products: biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products).
O-Phthalaldehyde is used in the following areas: health services.

Other release to the environment of O-Phthalaldehyde is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).
O-Phthalaldehyde used as a disinfectant and in the fluorometric determination of primary amines and thiols; [Merck Index] Used to sterilize medical and dental equipment, as an enzyme inhibitor, indicator, chemical intermediate, diagnostic agent, tanning agent for leather, in water treatment, pulp and paper manufacturing, oil field water flooding, hair colorings, wood treatment, and antifouling paints.

O-Phthalaldehyde has been used; in the preparation of O-phthaldialdehyde reagent for analysing gentamycin content, in the preparation of reagent for determining the degree of hydrolysis of milk proteins, in the measurement of free amino acids of milk samples by o-phthaldialdehyde/N-acetyl-L-cysteine (OPA/NAC) assay, in the derivatization of putrescine samples.

O-Phthalaldehyde is mainly used as a high-level disinfectant (a low-temperature chemical method) for heat-sensitive medical and dental equipment such as endoscopes and thermometers; in recent years, O-Phthalaldehyde has gained popularity as a safe and better alternative to glutaraldehyde.
O-Phthalaldehyde is widely used as a disinfectant and sterilizing agent due to its potent antimicrobial properties.

O-Phthalaldehyde is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
O-Phthalaldehyde is commonly employed in healthcare settings for disinfection of medical instruments, such as endoscopes, surgical equipment, and dialysis equipment.
O-Phthalaldehyde is also utilized in pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities to disinfect equipment and surfaces involved in drug production.

O-Phthalaldehyde is used in water treatment applications to control microbial growth and eliminate bacteria and other microorganisms in water systems.
O-Phthalaldehyde can be employed in various settings, including municipal water treatment plants, swimming pools, spas, and water storage tanks.
O-Phthalaldehyde is utilized in analytical chemistry as a derivatizing agent for the quantification and detection of amino acids, peptides, and other amine-containing compounds.

O-Phthalaldehyde reacts with primary amines to form highly fluorescent derivatives, enabling sensitive detection and analysis in techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).
O-Phthalaldehyde is an active area of research and development.

Research efforts focus on areas such as wastewater treatment, development of new disinfection strategies, and enhancement of its stability and antimicrobial capabilities.
O-Phthalaldehyde is sometimes used in dental care as a disinfectant.
It can be utilized for disinfection of dental instruments and equipment to help prevent cross-contamination and maintain proper infection control.

O-Phthalaldehyde finds applications in veterinary and animal care settings.
O-Phthalaldehyde can be used to disinfect medical instruments and equipment used in veterinary clinics, animal hospitals, and research facilities.

O-Phthalaldehyde has been explored for its potential use in food processing and preservation.
O-Phthalaldehyde may have applications in disinfecting equipment used in food production, such as food processing machinery and utensils, to ensure food safety and prevent microbial contamination.

O-Phthalaldehyde is used in pharmaceutical research and development for its antimicrobial properties.
O-Phthalaldehyde may be incorporated into formulations or studied for its potential as an active ingredient in antimicrobial drugs or disinfectant solutions.

O-Phthalaldehyde has been investigated for its effectiveness in controlling microbial growth and preventing disease outbreaks in aquaculture settings.
O-Phthalaldehyde may be utilized in fish farms and aquaculture facilities to disinfect equipment, tanks, and water systems.

O-Phthalaldehyde is commonly used in research laboratories for disinfection purposes.
It can be employed to sterilize laboratory equipment, glassware, and surfaces to maintain a sterile and contamination-free environment.
O-Phthalaldehyde is used in hemodialysis units for the disinfection of dialyzers, which are essential components of the hemodialysis process.

O-Phthalaldehyde helps in preventing cross-contamination and maintaining a sterile environment during dialysis treatments.
O-Phthalaldehyde is employed in the biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries.
O-Phthalaldehyde can be used for the disinfection of equipment and surfaces in bioprocessing facilities, laboratories, and cleanrooms to ensure the integrity and safety of biopharmaceutical products.

O-Phthalaldehyde is sometimes utilized in environmental monitoring and testing.
It can be employed to disinfect sampling equipment used in environmental studies, water quality testing, and microbial analysis to prevent contamination and maintain the accuracy of results.
O-Phthalaldehyde can be used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems for the disinfection of cooling coils, condensate pans, and air handling units.

O-Phthalaldehyde helps in controlling microbial growth and preventing the spread of contaminants through the air.
O-Phthalaldehyde is used in sterile processing departments of hospitals and healthcare facilities.
O-Phthalaldehyde can be applied for the disinfection and sterilization of medical devices, surgical instruments, and other equipment used in surgical procedures and patient care.

O-Phthalaldehyde continues to be explored in research and development for new applications and improvements in existing uses.
Scientists are investigating its potential in various fields, such as antimicrobial coatings, antimicrobial textiles, and innovative disinfection methods.

O-Phthalaldehyde can be used in the preservation of biological samples in laboratories and research facilities.
O-Phthalaldehyde helps to inhibit microbial growth and maintain the integrity of the samples for extended periods.

Preparation
o-Phthalaldehyde is a high-level chemical disinfectant that is commonly used for disinfection of dental and medical instruments as an alternative to glutaraldehyde, which is a known skin and respiratory sensitizer.
A variety of processes for manufacturing o-phthalaldehyde have been reported in the literature.

o-Phthalaldehyde is produced by heating pure benzaldehyde and chloroform with potassium hydroxide solution.
The resulting solution is further acidified with hydrochloric acid and cooled to yield a colorless powder of o-phthalaldehyde.

O-Phthalaldehyde is also produced by ozonization of naphthalene in alcohol followed by catalytic hydrogenation.
Catalytic oxidation of various chemicals is also used in manufacturing o-phthalaldehyde.
O-Phthalaldehyde can be manufactured by oxidation of phthalan by nitrogen monoxide in acetonitrile with N-hydroxyphthalimide as the catalyst to yield 80% to 90%.

Potential Exposure
The primary routes of human exposure to o-phthalaldehyde are by inhalation and through the skin, which may occur through accidental or occupational exposures.
Along with its increasing popularity as a chemical sterilizer, o-phthalaldehyde has many applications in analytical methods and in diagnostic kits.

O-Phthalaldehyde is also used as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and as a reagent in the tanning industry, hair colorings, wood treatment, and antifouling paints.
O-Phthalaldehyde was approved for use as an indoor antimicrobial pesticide in 1997; however, it is no longer registered with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for this use.

Safety Considerations
O-Phthalaldehyde can be a respiratory and skin irritant, and prolonged or repeated exposure may cause sensitization.
It is recommended to handle o-phthalaldehyde in a well-ventilated area and use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves, goggles, and a lab coat, to minimize exposure.
Adhering to recommended usage concentrations and following safety guidelines provided by manufacturers or regulatory bodies is essential to ensure safe handling and minimize potential risks.

Environmental Impact
O-Phthalaldehyde is considered to have a relatively low environmental impact compared to some other disinfectants.
It is biodegradable and does not persist in the environment for extended periods.
However, like any chemical, O-Phthalaldehyde should be handled and disposed of responsibly to minimize any potential environmental impact.

Synonyms
Aldehyde, ortho-Phthalic
o Phthalaldehyde
o Phthaldialdehyde
o-Phthalaldehyde
o-Phthaldialdehyde
ortho Phthalaldehyde
ortho Phthalic Aldehyde
ortho-Phthalaldehyde
ortho-Phthalic Aldehyde
Orthophthaldialdehyde
Phtalaldehydes [French]
Phthalaldehyde; Phthalic aldehyde
Phthalic dialdehyde
Phthalyldicarboxaldehyde
o-Phthaldialdehyde
1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde
[ChemIDplus] Cidex OPA
[Merck Index] OPA
1,2-Benzenedialdehyde
1,2-Diformylbenzene
1,2-Phthalaldehyde
2-Formylbenzaldehyde;
o-Benzenedicarbaldehyde
Benzenedicarboxaldehyde
OP 100S; OP 100SF
o-Phthalic aldehyde
Phthalic dicarboxaldehyde
Phtharal
[NTP] UN2923
o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA)
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a pale yellow or colorless solid.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) has a role as an epitope.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a dialdehyde and a member of benzaldehydes.


CAS Number: 643-79-8
EC Number: 211-402-2
MDL Number: MFCD00003335
Molecular Formula: C6H4(CHO)2 / C8H6O2



SYNONYMS:
o-Phthalaldehyde, 643-79-8, PHTHALALDEHYDE, o-Phthaldialdehyde, Benzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde, Phthaldialdehyde, Phthalic aldehyde, ortho-Phthalaldehyde, Phthalic dialdehyde, Phthalyldicarboxaldehyde, Phthalic dicarboxaldehyde, benzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde, o-Phthaldehyde, Phthalaldialdehyde, o-Phthalicdicarboxaldehyde, 1,2-Diformylbenzene, 2-PHTHALALDEHYDE, ortho Phthalaldehyde, o-Phthalic dicarboxaldehyde, Phtalaldehydes, OPTA, OPA, orthophthalaldehyde, NSC 13394, phtharal, Disopa, CHEBI:70851, EINECS 211-402-2, UNII-4P8QP9768A, BRN 0878317, ortho-phthaldialdehyde, DTXSID6032514, 4P8QP9768A, MFCD00003335, NSC-13394, DTXCID4012514, HSDB 8456, 4-07-00-02138 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), Phtharal (JAN), NCGC00166206-01, PHTHARAL [JAN], 1,2-Phthalic dicarboxaldehyde, Orthophthaldialdehyde, ortho-Phthalic Aldehyde, O-PHTHALDIALDEHYDE (MART.), O-PHTHALDIALDEHYDE [MART.], o Phthalaldehyde, 1,2-BENZENEDICARBALDEHYDE, o Phthaldialdehyde, CAS-643-79-8, ortho Phthalic Aldehyde, Aldehyde, ortho-Phthalic, 2-PHTHALDIALDEHYDE, phthalaldehyd, o-Phthalaldehyd, o-phthal aldehyde, Safe OPA, Disopa (TN), Epitope ID:176774, 2-Phthaldehyde, High purity, SCHEMBL33393, Benzene-1,2-dicarboxakdehyde, O-PHTHALALDEHYDE [MI], CHEMBL160145, ORTHOPHTHALALDEHYDE [VANDF], BCP29465, NSC13394, STR01056, Tox21_112347, Tox21_300404, 1,2-Benzenedialdehyde, Phthalaldehyde, BBL027435, STK802214, AKOS000119186, Tox21_112347_1, CS-W013385, MCULE-5731001647, NCGC00166206-02, NCGC00166206-04, NCGC00254339-01, AC-10388, AM20050101, NS00005771, P0280, EN300-21268, D03470, P-6600, SR-01000944839, Q5933776, SR-01000944839-1, Phthaldialdehyde, for fluorescence, >=99.0% (HPLC), Z104494958, Phthaldialdehyde, >=97% (HPLC), powder (may contain lumps), InChI=1/C8H6O2/c9-5-7-3-1-2-4-8(7)6-10/h1-6, 25750-62-3, Phthalaldehyde, Benzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde, Benzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehyde, o-Phthalaldehyde, o-Phthalic dicarboxaldehyde, Phthaldialdehyde, OPA, OPD, PHTHALALDEHYDE, PHTHALDIALDEHYDE, 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXALDEHYDE, O-PHTHALDIALDEHYDE, ORTHO-PHTHALALDEHYDE, 1,2-PHTHALIC DICARBOXALDEHYDE, Phthaldialdehy, O-PHTHALDEHYDE, Phthalaldehyde, Phthalic aldehyde, Phthalic dialdehyde, Phthalyldicarboxaldehyde, o-Phthaldialdehyde, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde, Cidex OPA, OPA, 1,2-Benzenedialdehyde, 1,2-Diformylbenzene, 1,2-Phthalaldehyde, 2-Formylbenzaldehyde, o-Benzen



o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a pharmaceutical intermediate.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is the latest effective and safe antibacterial disinfectant for external use.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a yellow needle crystal, mainly used in medicine, dyes, etc.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) solution is a high level disinfectant for repeated treatment of thermosensitive medical devices.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a pale yellow or colorless solid.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a yellow in color and odorless chemical that is a solid in its purest form.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a compound that reacts with primary amines to produce a product that emits a highly fluorescent blue colour.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a dialdehyde in which two formyl groups are attached to adjacent carbon centres on a benzene ring.
Using o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) in combination with a thiol reagent is a standard method for detecting primary amines in amino acids, peptides, and proteins.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA), in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol, reacts with primary amines to form highly fluorescent products.
Picomole quantities of amino acids, peptides, and proteins can be detected easily.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is five to ten times more sensitive than fluorescamine and is soluble and stable in aqueous buffers.


Despite o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA)'s widespread use, the exact reaction mechanism has been debated since the 1980s.
Rovelli's results support the mechanism originally proposed by Sternson and Wong, in which the primary amine first reacts with o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) , followed by a reaction with the thiol to form the fluorescent isoindole product.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a dialdehyde in which two formyl groups are attached to adjacent carbon centres on a benzene ring.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) has a role as an epitope.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a dialdehyde and a member of benzaldehydes.


A reagent that o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) forms fluorescent conjugation products with primary amines.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is the chemical compound with the formula C6H4(CHO)2.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is one of three isomers of benzene dicarbaldehyde, related to phthalic acid.


This pale yellow solid, o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA), is a building block in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds and a reagent in the analysis of amino acids.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) dissolves in water solution at pH < 11.5.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA)'s solutions degrade upon UV illumination and exposure to air.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is the chemical compound with the formula C6H4(CHO)2.
Often abbreviated o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA), the molecule is a dialdehyde, consisting of two formyl (CHO) groups attached to adjacent carbon centres on a benzene ring.


This pale yellow solid, o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a building block in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds and a reagent in the analysis of amino acids.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a pale yellow crystalline solid.



USES and APPLICATIONS of o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA):
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) can be used for disinfection and sterilization of endoscopic surgical instruments in hospitals.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) can be used to synthesize a new antiplatelet aggregation drug indopofen and it is also an analytical reagent in the chemical field.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used amino acid derivatization reagent, fluorescence detection, the reaction can be completed in one minute, but the product is unstable and needs to be detected immediately.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a reagent for amine alkaloids and is used for the fluorometric determination of primary amines and peptide bond decomposers; for pre-column derivatization of amino acids in high performance liquid chromatography separations; and for the measurement of protein sulfhydryl groups by flow cytometry.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a pharmaceutical intermediate, the latest high-efficiency external safe antimicrobial disinfectant.
As a disinfectant for endoscopic surgical instruments in hospitals, o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) can be used tosynthesize indolepofen, a new anti-platelet aggregation drug, and is also an analytical reagent in the chemical field.


Chemical reagents uses of o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA): As amine alkaloids reagents, they are used for fluorimetric determination of primary amine and peptide bond decomposition products.
The fluorescent reagent is used for the separation of amino acid derivatives by pre-column high performance liquid chromatography and the measurement of thiol groups of proteins by flow cytometry.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used as a disinfectant and in the fluorometric determination of primary amines and thiols.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used to sterilize medical and dental equipment, as an enzyme inhibitor, indicator, chemical intermediate, diagnostic agent, tanning agent for leather, in water treatment, pulp and paper manufacturing, oil field water flooding, hair colorings, wood treatment, and antifouling paints.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used as Medical disinfectant.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used as OLED intermediates.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used as a reagent in the analysis of amino acids.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used as a reagent for amino acids.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used for GC Derivatization.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used for the quick visualization of histamine, characterized by the appearance of a yellow stain.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a high-level disinfectant commonly used, for example, for sterilization of heat-sensitive medical instruments.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) demonstrates effective microbicidal activity against a wide range of microorganisms (including mycobacteria, gramnegative bacteria, and spores).


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is mainly used as a high-level disinfectant (a low-temperature chemical method) for heat-sensitive medical and dental equipment such as endoscopes and thermometers; in recent years, it has gained popularity as a safe and better alternative to glutaraldehyde.
There are some researches show, pH7.5 contains the sterilizing agent of o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) 0.5%, and its sterilizing power, sterilization speed, stability and toxicity all are better than glutaraldehyde, can kill mycobacterium in the 5min, the bacterium number reduces by 5 logarithmic value, and o-

Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is very stable, tasteless in pH3~9 scopes, non-stimulated to human nose, eye mucosa, and need not activate before using, various materials are had good consistency, have tangible microbiocidal activity.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) can be widely used for precolumn derivatization of amino acids in HPLC separation or Capillary electrophoresis.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used for flow cytometric measurements of protein thiol groups.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used disinfectant.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used reagent in fluorometric determination of primary amines and thiols.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used precolumn derivatization reagent for primary amines and amino acids.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used the fluorescent derivative can be detected by reverse-phase HPLC.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used the reaction requires OPA, primary amine and a sulfhydryl.


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the presence of excess sulfhydryl, amines can be quantitated.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the presence of excess amine, sulfhydryls can be quantitated.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used for the detection of many biogenic amines, peptides, and proteins in nanogram quantities in body fluids
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) can be used pharmaceutical intermediate.


-Disinfection:
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is commonly used as a high-level disinfectant for medical instruments, commonly sold under the brand names of Cidex OPA or TD-8.
Disinfection with o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is indicated for semi-critical instruments that come into contact with mucous membranes or broken skin, such as specula, laryngeal mirrors, and internal ultrasound probes


-Biotechnological Applications:
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used for precolumn derivatization of amino acids for HPLC separation and for flow cytometric measurements of protein thiol groups.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used for fluorometric determination of histamine, histidine and other amino acids.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is also used for cholesterol assay in the picomole range.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) has been used: in the preparation of o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) reagent for analysing gentamycin content.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the preparation of reagent for determining the degree of hydrolysis of milk proteins.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the measurement of free amino acids of milk samples by O-phthaldialdehyde/N-acetyl-L-cysteine (OPA/NAC) assay.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the derivatization of putrescine samples.


-In winemaking:
The Nitrogen by o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is one of the methods used in winemaking to measure yeast assimilable nitrogen (or YAN) needed by wine yeast in order to successfully complete fermentation.



PREPARATION OF o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA):
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a high-level chemical disinfectant that is commonly used for disinfection of dental and medical instruments as an alternative to glutaraldehyde, which is a known skin and respiratory sensitizer.
A variety of processes for manufacturing o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) have been reported in the literature.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is produced by heating pure benzaldehyde and chloroform with potassium hydroxide solution.
The resulting solution is further acidified with hydrochloric acid and cooled to yield a colorless powder of o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA).
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is also produced by ozonization of naphthalene in alcohol followed by catalytic hydrogenation.

Catalytic oxidation of various chemicals is also used in manufacturing o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA).
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) can be manufactured by oxidation of phthalan by nitrogen monoxide in acetonitrile with N-hydroxyphthalimide as the catalyst to yield 80% to 90%.



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA):
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA)-amine reaction and OPA-amine-thiol reaction have been developed to effectively modify native peptides and proteins under the physiological conditions.
First, o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) and its derivatives can rapidly and smoothly react with primary amine moieties in peptides and proteins to achieve native protein biconjugations.

Furthermore, o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA)-alkyne bifunctional linkers can be used for proteome profiling.
Second, o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA)-amine-thiol three-component reaction has been developed for chemoselective peptide cyclization, directly on unprotected peptides in the aqueous buffer.

Moreover, this o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA)-guided cyclic peptide can be further modified with the N-maleimide moiety in one pot to introduce additional functionalities.



ISOMERIC PHTHALALDEHYDES:
*isophthalaldehyde (benzene-1,3-dicarbaldehyde)
*terephthalaldehyde (benzene-1,4-dicarbaldehyde)
*Poly(phthalaldehyde)
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) can be polymerized.
In the polymer, one of the oxygen atoms forms a bridge to the other non-ring carbon of the same phthalaldehyde unit, while the other bridges to a non-ring carbon of another o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) unit.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in making a photoresist.



SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA):
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) was first described in 1887 when it was prepared from α,α,α’,α’-tetrachloro-o-xylene.
A more modern synthesis is similar: the hydrolysis of the related tetrabromo-o-xylene using potassium oxalate, followed by purification by steam distillation.

The reactivity of o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is complicated by the fact that in water it forms both a mono- and dihydrate, C6H4(CHO)(CH(OH)2) and C6H4(CH(OH))2O, respectively.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA)'s reactions with nucleophiles often involves the reaction of both carbonyl groups.



BIOCHEMISTRY OF o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA):
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in a very sensitive fluorogenic reagent for assaying amines or sulfhydryls in solution, notably contained in proteins, peptides, and amino acids, by capillary electrophoresis and chromatography.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) reacts specifically with primary amines above their isoelectric point Pi in presence of thiols.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) reacts also with thiols in presence of an amine such as n-propylamine or 2-aminoethanol.
The method is spectrometric (fluorescent emission at 436-475 nm (max 455 nm) with excitation at 330-390 nm (max. 340 nm)).



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA):
Molecular Weight: 134.13 g/mol
XLogP3: 1.2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 134.036779430 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 134.036779430 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 34.1 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 10
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 115
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: Solid
Color: Light yellow
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: Melting point/range: 54 - 56 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 83 °C at 1,067 hPa
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 132 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available

Viscosity:
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 37.7 g/l at 20 °C
Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water): Log Pow: 0.99 at 30 °C
Bioaccumulation: Not expected
Vapor pressure: 0.00 hPa at 20 °C
Density: 1.13 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Relative density: 1.29 at 20 °C
Relative vapor density: Not specified
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: None
Other safety information: No data available
Appearance: Light yellow crystal
Purity: ≥99%
Moisture: ≤0.5%
Melting point: 54-56℃

CAS: 643-79-8
Synonyms: Phthalic aldehyde, OPA
MF: C8H6O2
Chemical formula: C8H6O2
Molar mass: 134.134 g·mol−1
Appearance: Yellow solid
Density: 1.19 g/mL
Melting point: 55.5–56 °C (131.9–132.8 °F; 328.6–329.1 K)
Boiling point: 266.1 °C (511.0 °F; 539.2 K)
Solubility in water: Low
CAS registry number: 643-79-8
Molecular Formula: C8H6O2
Molecular Mass/Weight: 134.1
Properties:
Absorbance (nm): 334
Emission (nm): 456
Color: Blue

Category: Main Products
Appearance (Colour): Pale yellow
Appearance (Form): Crystalline powder
Solubility (Turbidity) 10% solution in methanol: Clear
Solubility (Colour) 10% solution in methanol: Yellow
Assay: min. 99%
Melting Point: 54 - 56°C
Sulphated Ash: max. 0.1%
Acidity: max. 1% (Phthalic acid)
Molecular Formula: C8H6O2
Molecular Weight: 134.13
CAS Registry Number: 643-79-8
Density: 1.13
Melting point: 54-57 ºC
Flash point: 132 ºC

CBNumber: CB6731197
Molecular Formula: C8H6O2
Molecular Weight: 134.13
MDL Number: MFCD00003335
MOL File: 643-79-8.mol
Melting point: 55-58 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 83-84 °C (0.7501 mmHg)
Density: 1.13 g/cm3
Vapor pressure: 0.56 Pa at 25°C
Refractive index: 1.4500 (estimate)
Flash point: >230 °F
Storage temp: 2-8°C
Solubility: The solubility of o-phthalaldehyde is 3g/100 mL diisopropyl ether,
5g/100mL deionized water, 20g/100mL chloroform, or 20g/100mL acetone at 20°C.

Form: Powder
Color: Yellow
pH: 7 (53g/l, H2O, 20°C)
Water Solubility: Soluble
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
Merck: 14,7368
BRN: 878317
Exposure limits: ACGIH: SL .025 mg/100 cm2; Ceiling 0.1 ppb (Skin)
Stability: Stable. Air sensitive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases.
InChIKey: ZWLUXSQADUDCSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.99 at 30°C
CAS DataBase Reference: 643-79-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 1

FDA UNII: 4P8QP9768A
NIST Chemistry Reference: O-phthalaldehyde(643-79-8)
EPA Substance Registry System: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde (643-79-8)
Pesticides Freedom of Information Act (FOIA): ortho-Phthalaldehyde
CAS number: 643-79-8
EC number: 211-402-2
Hill Formula: C₈H₆O₂
Chemical formula: C₆H₄(CHO)₂
Molar Mass: 134.13 g/mol
HS Code: 2912 29 00
Boiling point: 83 - 84 °C (1 hPa)
Density: 1.13 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: 132 °C
Ignition temperature: 480 °C

Melting Point: 55 - 56 °C
pH value: 7 (53 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 0.33 Pa (20 °C)
Bulk density: 530 kg/m3
Solubility: 53 g/l
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C8H6O2 = 134.13
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
Store Under Inert Gas: Store under inert gas
Condition to Avoid: Air Sensitive
CAS RN: 643-79-8
Reaxys Registry Number: 878317
PubChem Substance ID: 87574516
SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 1434
Merck Index (14): 7368
MDL Number: MFCD00003335



FIRST AID MEASURES of o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
Give water to drink (two glasses at most).
Seek medical advice immediately.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P3
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible
only to qualified or authorized persons.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: 2 - 8 °C
Light sensitive.
Moisture sensitive.
Store under inert gas.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of o-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .


O-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA)
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a highly reactive and versatile chemical compound commonly used in analytical chemistry, particularly in applications related to the detection and analysis of various compounds.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is recognized for its fluorescence properties and its role as a sensitive and specific reagent for detecting various substances.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) features a cyclic structure with two aldehyde functional groups connected to an aromatic ring.

CAS Number: 643-79-8



APPLICATIONS


O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a crucial reagent in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for analyzing and detecting amino acids.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used to quantify proteins and peptides by reacting with primary amines and producing fluorescent isoindole derivatives.
Widely applied in analytical methodologies due to its specific reaction with primary amines, making it vital in protein and peptide analysis.

FKnown for its ability to produce fluorescent derivatives upon reaction, facilitating detection in various applications.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is valuable in biological research for analyzing and quantifying amino acids and proteins in samples.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in clinical laboratories for diagnostic tests, especially in the analysis of amino acids and related compounds.

In some cases, O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is utilized in disinfectant formulations for its antimicrobial properties.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is sensitive in detecting and quantifying compounds containing primary amines, aiding in various chemical analyses.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is valuable in pharmaceutical studies for its role in protein analysis and quantification.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is utilized in diagnostic assays for its specificity in detecting particular amino acids and related compounds.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a critical tool in biochemistry and bioscience research, aiding in the identification and quantification of biomolecules.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) plays a significant role in separating and analyzing complex mixtures, particularly in amino acid separations.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in healthcare settings to aid in identifying and diagnosing certain medical conditions related to amino acids and proteins.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is employed in the analysis of amino acids and proteins in food and beverage samples for quality assessment.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) can be applied in environmental studies for analyzing pollutants and contaminants that contain amino groups.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is utilized in forensic investigations to identify and quantify specific compounds present in biological and chemical samples.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is essential in biomedical research for quantifying and characterizing proteins and amino acids.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is valued in chemical synthesis for its role in synthesizing various compounds containing primary amines.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is vital in pharmacological research for understanding the properties and interactions of amino acids in drugs.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in veterinary laboratories for diagnosing conditions related to amino acid metabolism.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) aids in quality control processes, especially in pharmaceutical and food industries, to ensure proper composition and content.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is applied in materials science for analyzing and characterizing biomaterials and compounds containing primary amines.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in toxicology to analyze and detect specific compounds or contaminants in various samples.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) continues to be a subject of ongoing research for refining analytical methods and expanding its applications in diverse fields.
Ongoing studies explore its potential in innovative biotechnological applications, seeking new uses and improvements in analysis and detection methodologies.

O-phthalaldehyde is widely used in pharmaceutical analysis and drug quality control.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) serves as a critical tool in academic research laboratories for studying molecular structures and reactions.

In biology, O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) aids in investigating metabolic pathways, particularly those involving amino acids.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA)'s fluorescence properties are utilized in flow cytometry for cellular component identification.

Its sensitivity in detecting amines is vital in various biochemical assays.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) plays a key role in studying amino acid metabolism and related disorders.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is crucial in monitoring and ensuring the quality and purity of biopharmaceuticals.

In the petrochemical industry, OPA assists in characterizing complex compound mixtures.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) contributes to analyzing amino acids in agricultural research and soil studies.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is pivotal in determining proteins in food products, ensuring their quality and safety.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is widely used in analyzing the composition of beverages and their ingredients.

In genetics and proteomics, O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) aids in protein sequencing and identification.
In biotechnological processes, O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used for characterizing and quantifying peptides and proteins.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is employed in environmental studies, analyzing amino acids in water quality assessments.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a crucial tool in studying enzymes and their interactions with substrates in enzymology.

In biophysics, O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used to study protein folding and conformational changes.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is employed in elucidating the structures and properties of biomolecules in biochemistry.
Its application in pharmaceutical research extends to drug discovery and development.
In neurochemistry, O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) aids in detecting and studying neurotransmitters and related compounds.

Its sensitive fluorescence properties assist in identifying and quantifying neurotransmitters.
In microbiology, O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used for bacterial identification and cell component analysis.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA)'s specificity is utilized in clinical biochemistry for various diagnostic assays.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in cell biology to investigate cellular processes involving amino acids.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is crucial in studying and quantifying amino acids in plant metabolism.
In biogeochemistry, it aids in understanding organic matter and amino acid cycling in ecosystems.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) significantly contributes to the development and validation of analytical methods across diverse scientific disciplines.



DESCRIPTION


O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a highly reactive and versatile chemical compound commonly used in analytical chemistry, particularly in applications related to the detection and analysis of various compounds.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is recognized for its fluorescence properties and its role as a sensitive and specific reagent for detecting various substances.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) features a cyclic structure with two aldehyde functional groups connected to an aromatic ring.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) contributes to analyzing amino acids.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is pivotal in determining proteins in food products.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is widely used in analyzing the composition of beverages and their ingredients.



PROPERTIES



Chemical Formula: C8H6O2.
Molecular Weight: 134.13
Purity: ≥99% (HPLC)
Identity: 1H-NMR
Fluorescence: ~1.2 g/cm3 (Predicted)
Density: n20D 1.62 (Predicted)
Optical Activity: λex 334 nm, λem 455 nm (Thiol Adduct), λex 340 nm, λem 450 nm in reaction buffer (with g
Boiling Point: 83 °C at 0.8 mmHg
Melting Point: 55-58 °C (lit.)
Solvents: DMSO, water (53 mg/ml), acetic acid (40 mg/ml), methanol (21 mg/ml)
Appearance: Light yellow powder
Fluorescence: Reacts with primary amines to produce highly fluorescent isoindole derivatives, aiding in detection.
Specificity: Recognized for its specific reaction with primary amines, making it a key reagent in various analytical methods.
Sensitivity: Shows high sensitivity in detecting and quantifying compounds containing primary amines.
Analytical Tool: Vital in amino acid and protein analysis in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Reactivity: Reacts selectively with primary amines, making it useful in specific assays and tests.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:
If inhaled, move the affected individual to fresh air and ensure rest.
In cases of respiratory distress, seek immediate medical attention.


Skin Contact:
In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with plenty of water.
Wash the skin thoroughly with mild soap and water. Seek medical advice if irritation persists.


Eye Contact:
If OPA comes in contact with the eyes, flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring the eyelids are held open.
Seek medical attention promptly, especially if irritation, pain, or redness continues.


Ingestion:
In the rare case of ingestion, do not induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly and drink plenty of water if the person is conscious.
Seek immediate medical attention, and provide the individual with a copy of the safety data sheet (SDS) or product label if possible.


General Measures:
Remove contaminated clothing and ensure proper disposal as per local regulations.
Provide medical personnel with as much detail as possible about the exposure.


Personal Protection:
Ensure that individuals providing aid are equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and protective clothing.

Medical Attention:
It is crucial to seek medical advice if any symptoms persist or worsen, or if there are concerns regarding exposure to OPA.

Transport:
If medical attention is needed, ensure safe transportation to the medical facility while avoiding further exposure.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
When handling OPA, use appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing to prevent skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation of vapors or dust.

Avoid Direct Contact:
Minimize skin contact by using tools or equipment.
In case of skin contact, wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.

Avoid Inhalation:
Prevent inhalation of vapors or aerosols by using fume hoods or local exhaust ventilation systems.

Labeling:
Ensure containers are properly labeled with necessary hazard warnings and information about the contents.


Storage:

Temperature and Environment:
Store OPA in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials and sources of heat or ignition.

Container Sealing:
Use tightly sealed, chemically resistant containers to prevent moisture absorption and maintain product integrity.

Segregation:
Store away from incompatible substances to prevent reactions or contamination.
Separate from strong oxidizing agents and acids.

Handling Procedures:
Establish safe handling protocols and ensure all personnel are trained in safe practices and emergency procedures.

Spill Containment:
Maintain spill containment materials and equipment to address accidental spills immediately.



SYNONYMS


OPA
1,2-Benzene-dicarboxaldehyde
1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxyaldehyde
Phthalic aldehyde
1,2-Benzenedicarbaldehyde
1,2-Phthalic aldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde
Phthalaldehyde
o-Phthaldialdehyde
1,2-Diformylbenzene
Benzene-1,2-dialdehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehyde
o-Benzenedicarbaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxyaldehyde
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic aldehyde
1,2-Benzenedicarboxyaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic aldehyde
Phthalic dialdehyde
o-Phthalaldehyde
1,2-Dicarboxaldehyde benzene
o-Phthaldicarboxaldehyde
1,2-Diformylbenzene
Benzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde
Phthalic acid dialdehyde
o-Phthalic dialdehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehyde
1,2-Di(oxo-methylene)benzene
Benzene-1,2-dialdehyde
o-Phthalic dicarbaldehyde
1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde
1,2-Benzenedicarboxyaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde
Phthaldehyde
o-Phthaldialdehyde
1,2-Benzenedicarbaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic aldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxyaldehyde
o-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde
1,2-Diformylbenzene
Benzene-1,2-dialdehyde
1,2-Phthalic aldehyde
1,2-Dicarboxaldehyde benzene
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic aldehyde
Phthalic acid aldehyde
o-Phthaldicarboxaldehyde
Phthalal
Phthaldialdehyde
1,2-Di(oxo-methylene)benzene
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic dialdehyde
o-Phthalic acid aldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehyde-1,2-ylene
1,2-Benzenecarbaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxal
O-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA)

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₆H₄(CHO)₂.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a dialdehyde, specifically a derivative of phthalic acid where the carboxylic acid groups are replaced by aldehyde groups.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is known for its use as a reagent in various chemical applications.

CAS Number: 643-79-8
EC Number: 211-402-2

Synonyms: o-Phthalaldehyde, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde, o-Phthaldialdehyde, o-Phthalic aldehyde, 1,2-Diformylbenzene, Phthalic dialdehyde, Phthalaldehyde, 1,2-Phthalic dialdehyde, Phthaldialdehyde, 1,2-Benzenedialdehyde, o-Diformylbenzene, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde (o-Phthalaldehyde), o-Dialdehyde benzene, 1,2-Benzenedicarbaldehyde, o-Phthalic dialdehyde, ortho-Phthalaldehyde, o-Phthalic dicarboxaldehyde, 1,2-Dialdehydebenzene, Benzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehyde, OPA, 1,2-Phthalaldehyde, o-Phthalicdicarboxaldehyde, Phthalic aldehyde, o-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde, Benzene-1,2-dialdehyde, o-Phthalaldehyd, Phthalicdicarboxaldehyde, o-Phthaldiacetaldehyde, o-Dialdehyde benzene, Benzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde, Ortho-Phthalaldehyde, 1,2-Diformyl benzene, Phthalic dialdehyde, ortho-Phthalic aldehyde, Phthaldialdehyde, 1,2-Benzenedicarbaldehyde, o-Phthalaldehyd, 1,2-Dialdehydebenzene, Benzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehyde, OPA, o-Phthaldialdehyde, 1,2-Phthalaldehyde, ortho-Phthaldialdehyde, Benzene-1,2-dialdehyde, 1,2-Diformyl benzene, o-Phthalaldehyd, Phthalic aldehyde, Phthalaldehyde, 1,2-Benzenedicarbaldehyde, o-Diformylbenzene, 1,2-Dialdehydebenzene, ortho-Phthalaldehyde, 1,2-Phthalic dialdehyde, ortho-Phthalic dicarboxaldehyde



APPLICATIONS


O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is widely used as a reagent for the detection of primary amines in various biochemical assays.
In clinical laboratories, OPA is used to detect amino acids in patient samples.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) serves as a high-level disinfectant in hospitals and clinics, ensuring the sterility of medical instruments.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is particularly effective in the sterilization of endoscopes and surgical equipment.
In the pharmaceutical industry, OPA is utilized in the synthesis of certain drugs.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is employed in chromatography to derivatize compounds, improving their detection and quantification.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a key reagent in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for analyzing biological samples.

Researchers use O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) in the quantification of proteins and peptides.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA)'s fluorescent properties are harnessed in flow cytometry for cell counting and sorting.

In environmental testing, OPA is used to detect pollutants that contain primary amines.
The food industry uses OPA for the analysis of food protein content.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is involved in the quality control processes of various industrial products.
Forensic scientists employ OPA in the detection of trace amounts of biological substances at crime scenes.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the monitoring of fermentation processes in biotechnology.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is applied in the study of enzyme kinetics and inhibition.
In microbiology, OPA is used to identify bacterial contamination in water samples.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) aids in the fluorescent labeling of DNA and RNA for genetic studies.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in immunoassays to detect specific antigens or antibodies.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a valuable tool in proteomics for analyzing protein structure and function.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the study of neurotransmitters and their interactions.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is utilized in the detection and quantification of biogenic amines in food products.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) plays a role in the analysis of chemical warfare agents.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in research for the development of new diagnostic methods and treatments.

In the cosmetic industry, OPA helps in the analysis of active ingredients in products.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA)'s ability to form fluorescent compounds makes it essential in various fluorescence-based detection techniques.

OPA must be handled with care as it can be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.
Proper protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be used when handling OPA.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA)’s ability to react with amines is exploited in various analytical chemistry applications.

The reaction between OPA and amines is rapid and produces a stable fluorescent product.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is also used in flow cytometry for cell analysis and sorting.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is known for its versatility in both research and clinical diagnostics.

Environmental safety measures should be followed when disposing of OPA to prevent contamination.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a benzene derivative, featuring two formyl groups attached to adjacent carbon atoms on the ring.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) has a melting point of around 55-57°C.
The use of OPA in fluorescence microscopy aids in the visualization of cellular components.
Due to its reactive nature, OPA is stored in tightly sealed containers to prevent degradation.



DESCRIPTION


O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₆H₄(CHO)₂.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a dialdehyde, specifically a derivative of phthalic acid where the carboxylic acid groups are replaced by aldehyde groups.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is known for its use as a reagent in various chemical applications.

O-phthalaldehyde, commonly known as OPA, is an organic compound with the formula C₆H₄(CHO)₂.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) appears as a white to pale yellow crystalline solid.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is widely used as a reagent in the detection of primary amines.
In the presence of primary amines, OPA forms highly fluorescent isoindole derivatives.

This property makes OPA an essential tool in biochemical assays for proteins and amino acids.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) serves as an effective high-level disinfectant in medical settings.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a preferred alternative to glutaraldehyde due to its lower toxicity.
The disinfectant properties of OPA make it ideal for sterilizing medical and dental instruments.

In chromatography, O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used for the derivatization of compounds to enhance their detectability.
The molecular weight of O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is 134.13 g/mol.
O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) has the chemical structure of a dialdehyde derivative of phthalic acid.

O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is soluble in water, alcohol, and acetone.
The CAS number for OPA is 643-79-8.
Its EC number is 211-402-2.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Molecular Formula: C₆H₄(CHO)₂
Molecular Weight: 134.13 g/mol
Appearance: White to pale yellow crystalline solid
Melting Point: 55-57°C (131-134.6°F)
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Density: 1.226 g/cm³
Solubility: Soluble in water, alcohol, acetone, and other organic solvents
Odor: Slightly aromatic
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Refractive Index: 1.573
Flash Point: Not applicable (non-volatile solid)


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Structure: Benzene ring with two formyl (–CHO) groups at the ortho positions
Reactivity: Reacts readily with primary amines to form fluorescent isoindole derivatives
pKa: Does not ionize significantly (weakly acidic due to aldehyde groups)
Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions; can degrade upon exposure to light and moisture
Hydrolysis: Can undergo hydrolysis in aqueous solutions under certain conditions
Oxidation: Can be oxidized to phthalic acid or related compounds
Reduction: Can be reduced to phthalan or related alcohols



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Remove from Exposure:
If inhaled, move the exposed person to fresh air immediately.

Positioning:
Keep the person in a comfortable position, preferably sitting up or lying down with the head elevated.

Breathing Assistance:
If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen if available and trained to do so.

CPR:
If the person is not breathing, provide artificial respiration (CPR) if you are trained in its application.

Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention even if no symptoms are present, as respiratory distress may develop later.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Quickly remove any contaminated clothing, shoes, and accessories.

Rinse Skin:
Wash the affected area thoroughly with plenty of water and mild soap for at least 15 minutes.

Do Not Scrub:
Avoid vigorous scrubbing to prevent skin irritation.

Seek Medical Advice:
Contact a medical professional for further advice, especially if irritation or other symptoms persist.

Launder Clothing:
Contaminated clothing should be washed separately before reuse or disposed of safely.


Eye Contact:

Rinse Eyes:
Immediately flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes.
Hold the eyelids apart and move the eyes in all directions to ensure thorough rinsing.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If the victim is wearing contact lenses, remove them if it is easy to do so without further injury.

Seek Immediate Medical Attention:
Even if symptoms appear to subside, it is essential to get medical evaluation to prevent long-term damage.


Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.

Rinse Mouth:
Have the person rinse their mouth thoroughly with water.

Drink Water:
If the person is conscious and able to swallow, give them small sips of water to dilute the chemical.

Seek Immediate Medical Attention:
Get medical help immediately.
Provide the medical team with information about the substance ingested.

Do Not Give Food or Drink:
Avoid giving any food or drink unless directed by medical personnel.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Always wear appropriate PPE, including gloves, safety goggles, lab coats, and, if necessary, face shields, to prevent skin and eye contact.
Use respiratory protection if there is a risk of inhalation exposure, particularly in poorly ventilated areas.

Ventilation:
Handle OPA in a well-ventilated area, preferably in a fume hood or a facility with appropriate exhaust ventilation.
Ensure that the workspace has adequate airflow to minimize the accumulation of vapors.

Avoid Inhalation, Ingestion, and Contact:
Avoid breathing in dust, fumes, or vapors.
Prevent ingestion by not eating, drinking, or smoking in areas where OPA is used.
Avoid skin and eye contact by following proper handling procedures and using PPE.

Hygiene Measures:
Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling OPA, even if gloves were worn.
Remove and wash contaminated clothing and PPE before reuse or disposal.

Handling Procedures:
Use OPA in designated areas with proper labeling to prevent accidental exposure.
Employ good laboratory practices, including using secondary containment to avoid spills and leaks.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent evaporation and contamination.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
In case of a spill, evacuate the area and ventilate it thoroughly.
Use appropriate spill kits and PPE to clean up small spills immediately.
For larger spills, contact emergency personnel and follow the facility’s spill response protocols.


Storage:

Storage Temperature:
Store OPA in a cool, dry place, preferably at temperatures between 2-8°C (36-46°F).
Avoid exposing the chemical to extreme temperatures, which can cause decomposition.

Container Requirements:
Store OPA in tightly sealed, clearly labeled containers made of compatible materials (such as glass or high-density polyethylene).
Ensure containers are in good condition and check them regularly for signs of degradation or leaks.

Protect from Light and Moisture:
Protect OPA from light, which can cause it to degrade.
Store in a dry environment to prevent moisture contamination and potential hydrolysis.

Segregation from Incompatible Materials:
Keep OPA away from strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, and other chemicals with which it may react violently.
Avoid storing with food, beverages, or any consumables.

Secondary Containment:
Use secondary containment (such as trays or cabinets) to contain any accidental leaks or spills.
Ensure that secondary containment is compatible with OPA and resistant to its effects.

Labeling and Signage:
Clearly label all containers with the chemical name, concentration, hazard symbols, and appropriate handling instructions.
Use signage to indicate areas where OPA is stored and handled, warning of the potential hazards.

Access Control:
Restrict access to storage areas to authorized personnel who are trained in handling hazardous chemicals.
Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access.

Inspection and Maintenance:
Regularly inspect storage areas and containers for signs of damage, leaks, or improper storage conditions.
Maintain storage equipment and areas in good working order to ensure safety.

Emergency Preparedness:
Equip storage areas with emergency eyewash stations and safety showers in case of accidental exposure.
Ensure that appropriate fire extinguishing equipment is available and personnel are trained in its use.

Documentation and Compliance:
Maintain up-to-date Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for OPA and ensure they are readily accessible to all personnel.
Comply with local, state, and federal regulations regarding the storage and handling of hazardous materials.


O-PHTHALALDEHYDE (OPA)

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a high-performance chemical reagent widely used in various applications, particularly as a disinfectant and in analytical chemistry.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is known for its strong biocidal properties and is often used in the sterilization of medical instruments.
The chemical formula for o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is C8H6O2, and it is commonly used in various industrial and laboratory settings due to its effective properties.

CAS Number: 643-79-8
EC Number: 211-402-2

Synonyms: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde, o-Phthaldialdehyde, 1,2-Phthalaldehyde, OPA, Phthaldialdehyde, 1,2-Diformylbenzene, Phthalic aldehyde, OPA reagent, Benzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehyde, Phthalic dialdehyde, o-Diformylbenzene, o-Diformylbenzol, OPA disinfectant, Ortho-Phthalaldehyde, Ortho-Phthaldialdehyde, O-Phthaldialdehyde, Phthalic aldehyde, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde, 1,2-Phthaldialdehyde, Phthalic aldehyde, Phthaldialdehyde, OPA, 1,2-Diformylbenzene, Benzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde



APPLICATIONS


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is extensively used as a high-level disinfectant for medical instruments, including endoscopes and surgical tools.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a preferred biocidal agent in the sterilization of equipment that is sensitive to heat or moisture.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is utilized in the preparation of diagnostic reagents for clinical laboratories, enhancing the accuracy of tests.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is widely used in the field of analytical chemistry as a derivatizing agent for detecting primary amines.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a key component in the preparation of fluorescent tags used in the analysis of amino acids and peptides.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is employed in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the detection and quantification of amino acids.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the formulation of specialty cleaning solutions for industrial and laboratory environments.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) serves as a crucial reagent in chemical synthesis, particularly in the creation of complex organic molecules.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the textile industry for the modification of fibers to enhance dye uptake and colorfastness.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is employed in the preparation of specialty coatings, where it contributes to the durability and performance of the final product.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is utilized in the manufacturing of certain resins and polymers, enhancing their structural properties.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants, providing strong bonding and durability.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is found in the production of specialty inks, where it improves the stability and performance of the ink.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the creation of high-performance paints and coatings, enhancing their resistance to environmental factors.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is utilized in the preparation of photographic chemicals, contributing to the development process.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is employed in the electronics industry for the formulation of cleaning solutions used on sensitive electronic components.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the production of certain pharmaceuticals, where it serves as a precursor in the synthesis of active ingredients.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is utilized in the creation of specialty materials used in advanced scientific research.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is applied in the formulation of certain chemical sensors, where it enhances sensitivity and accuracy.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the development of certain biotechnology applications, particularly in the modification of proteins and enzymes.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is found in the production of certain cleaning agents for the maintenance of laboratory equipment.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the creation of specialty polymers, enhancing their resistance to chemical degradation.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is utilized in the preparation of industrial disinfectants, providing broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is employed in the formulation of certain high-performance coatings for medical devices.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the preparation of chemical intermediates that are critical in the synthesis of various complex compounds.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a key component in the production of certain specialty chemicals used in industrial processes.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is utilized in the formulation of specialty resins and plastics, enhancing their durability and performance.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is employed in the preparation of certain laboratory reagents, contributing to the accuracy and reliability of analytical procedures.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the production of advanced materials for scientific research, particularly in the field of nanotechnology.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is applied in the creation of specialty coatings for optical instruments, providing clarity and protection.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is utilized in the development of high-performance industrial products, ensuring long-lasting effectiveness.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is found in the formulation of certain specialty adhesives used in demanding applications.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is used in the production of advanced polymers, contributing to their strength and stability.



DESCRIPTION


o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a high-performance chemical reagent widely used in various applications, particularly as a disinfectant and in analytical chemistry.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is known for its strong biocidal properties and is often used in the sterilization of medical instruments.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a versatile chemical compound used in various industrial and laboratory settings.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is characterized by its ability to react with primary amines, making it valuable in analytical chemistry.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) provides effective sterilization and disinfection, particularly in environments where heat-sensitive equipment is used.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is widely used in clinical laboratories as a derivatizing agent for detecting amino acids and peptides.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a key component in the preparation of diagnostic reagents, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of medical tests.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is essential in the formulation of specialty coatings, adhesives, and polymers, enhancing their performance and durability.

o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is recognized for its stability and effectiveness in a wide range of applications, from healthcare to advanced scientific research.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is also used in the formulation of cleaning solutions, providing thorough and effective cleaning of sensitive equipment.
o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a critical reagent in the chemical synthesis of complex organic molecules, contributing to the development of new materials and products.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C8H6O2
Common Name: o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA)
Molecular Structure:
Appearance: Light yellow crystalline solid
Density: 1.23 g/cm³
Melting Point: 55-57°C
Boiling Point: 268°C
Solubility: Soluble in ethanol, ether, and chloroform; slightly soluble in water
Vapor Pressure: 1.4 x 10⁻⁴ mmHg at 25°C
Reactivity: Reacts with primary amines
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Flash Point: 113°C (closed cup)



FIRST AID


Inhalation:
If o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.

Skin Contact:
Remove contaminated clothing and footwear.
Wash the affected skin area thoroughly with soap and water.
If skin irritation or rash develops, seek medical attention.
Launder contaminated clothing before reuse.

Eye Contact:
Flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.

Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is conscious, give small sips of water to drink.

Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
No specific antidote.
Provide supportive care.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing.
Use respiratory protection if ventilation is insufficient or if exposure limits are exceeded.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation in the working area to control airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits.
Use local exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to minimize exposure.

Avoidance:
Avoid direct skin contact and inhalation of vapors.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA).
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Use appropriate personal protective equipment.
Contain spills to prevent further release and minimize exposure.
Absorb spills with inert materials (e.g., sand, vermiculite) and collect for disposal.

Storage:
Store o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) in a cool, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials (see SDS for specific details).
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination.
Store away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and ignition sources.

Handling Cautions:
Avoid generating aerosols or mists.
Ground and bond containers during transfer operations to prevent static electricity buildup.
Use explosion-proof electrical equipment in areas where vapors may be present.


Storage:

Temperature:
Store o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) at temperatures recommended by the manufacturer.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.

Containers:
Use approved containers made of compatible materials.
Check for leaks or damage in storage containers regularly.

Separation:
Store o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) away from incompatible materials, including strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and reducing agents.

Handling Equipment:
Use dedicated equipment for handling o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) to avoid cross-contamination.
Ensure all handling equipment is in good condition.

Security Measures:
Restrict access to storage areas.
Follow all applicable local regulations regarding the storage of hazardous materials.

Emergency Response:
Have emergency response equipment and materials readily available, including spill cleanup materials, fire extinguishers, and emergency eyewash stations.

OPPANOL B 150

Oppanol B 150, a medium molecular weight polyisobutene, exhibits versatile elastomeric properties.
Oppanol B 150, also known as PIB, is derived from the polymerization of isobutene monomers.
Its molecular structure, characterized by a flexible backbone, imparts exceptional elasticity to the material.

CAS Number: 9003-27-4
EC Number: 618-360-8

Medium molecular weight polyisobutene, Polyisobutylene, PIB, Isobutylene polymer, Isobutene-isoprene polymer, Isobutylene-isoprene copolymer, Butyl rubber, IIR, Isobutylene elastomer, Butyl elastomer, Oppanol B grade, PIB polymer, Polyisobutylene rubber, Isobutene-isoprene rubber, Isobutylene-isoprene elastomer, Butyl polymer, Butyl rubber grade B, Oppanol B-series, Isobutylene-based polymer, Synthetic rubber B, Polymerized isobutene, High molecular weight PIB, B-type elastomer, Medium MW polyisobutylene, B 150 polymer, Elastomeric polyisobutene, Thermoplastic elastomer, Isobutene copolymer, Polybutene, Isobutylene copolymer B, Polymerized isobutylene elastomer, Oppanol B-type rubber, Polyisobutene rubber grade B, Elastomeric PIB, Butyl-type synthetic rubber, B-type PIB elastomer, Rubberized isobutene, Oppanol B 150 polymer, Polyisobutene elastomer B, Medium weight isobutene polymer, Isobutene rubber B, Synthetic elastomer B, Butyl-type thermoplastic, Elastomeric B-grade polymer, Oppanol B-type copolymer, Isobutene copolymer grade B, Thermoplastic rubber B, Medium MW isobutylene elastomer, Polybutene rubber, B 150 isobutylene copolymer, Butyl-type rubber polymer, B-grade isobutylene elastomer, Synthetic B elastomer, Oppanol B 150 butyl rubber, Isobutene elastomer grade B, Medium MW isobutene polymer, B-type thermoplastic elastomer, Polyisobutylene rubberized B, Butyl-type elastomeric polymer, Oppanol B-type synthetic rubber



APPLICATIONS


Oppanol B 150 plays a crucial role in the production of pressure-sensitive adhesives for various applications.
Its use in permanently plastic sealants makes it a valuable component in construction and manufacturing.
In roofing applications, Oppanol B 150 serves as a key material, offering both flexibility and durability.

The elastomeric properties of this polyisobutene make it suitable for formulating adhesives in pressure-sensitive products.
Its anti-corrosive nature contributes to its utilization in applications where protection against corrosion is essential.
Oppanol B 150 is employed in the synthesis of smart materials, particularly those requiring long-term effective moisture protection.

Oppanol B 150's low-temperature elasticity is advantageous in applications demanding flexibility in cold conditions.
Oppanol B 150 finds use in the production of high-quality synthetic rubbers due to its superior mechanical stability.

Oppanol B 150's non-irritating nature makes it suitable for applications involving skin contact, such as adhesive formulations.
Its electrical insulation properties broaden its applications in the electronic and electrical industries.
Oppanol B 150's tackiness makes it valuable in formulations where adhesion to diverse surfaces is essential.

Oppanol B 150's chemical inertness enhances its use in applications requiring resistance to various chemicals.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Oppanol B 150 may find applications in the synthesis of specific drugs.

Its role in the formulation of inkjet printer inks showcases its versatility in the printing industry.
Oppanol B 150 contributes to the synthesis of antioxidants used in the food industry.
Oppanol B 150 is explored for potential applications in the development of biosensors for analytical purposes.

Its involvement in the synthesis of certain types of antifungal agents adds to its applications in agriculture.
Oppanol B 150 may be used in the development of liquid crystal materials for various applications.

In the field of nanotechnology, it is investigated for potential applications in the synthesis of nanomaterials.
Oppanol B 150's compatibility with various solvents makes it useful in the formulation of coatings and paints.
Oppanol B 150's resistance to oxidative attack enhances its longevity in diverse environmental conditions.

Oppanol B 150 is studied for its potential applications in the development of conductive materials for electronics.
Its use in the production of flame retardants contributes to fire safety in specific applications.

Oppanol B 150 serves as a key ingredient in the synthesis of color stabilizers for polymers.
Oppanol B 150's utility in the synthesis of photoactive materials highlights its significance in photovoltaic applications.

Oppanol B 150 is employed in the manufacturing of automotive sealants, providing long-lasting and effective moisture protection.
The elastomer finds application in the formulation of gaskets and O-rings for use in engines and machinery.
Oppanol B 150 is utilized in the production of rubberized coatings, enhancing surfaces with its flexibility and adherence.

In the aerospace industry, it may be used in the development of specialized adhesives and sealants for aircraft components.
Its compatibility with various substrates makes it a valuable component in the formulation of pressure-sensitive tapes.
Oppanol B 150 contributes to the synthesis of damping materials, improving the vibration and noise control in industrial applications.

Oppanol B 150 is explored for its potential use in the development of flexible electronic devices due to its electrical insulation properties.
Oppanol B 150 is utilized in the formulation of mastics and caulks, providing a pliable and durable sealing solution.
Its incorporation in the production of bitumen-modified adhesives enhances their performance in construction applications.

In the automotive industry, Oppanol B 150 may be employed in the production of flexible, weather-resistant underbody coatings.
Oppanol B 150 is considered for use in the formulation of polymer-modified asphalt, enhancing its durability and resistance.
Oppanol B 150 may find application in the development of rubberized footwear, providing flexibility and comfort.
Its water vapor barrier properties make it suitable for use in the formulation of moisture-resistant coatings for electronic devices.

Oppanol B 150 contributes to the synthesis of resilient, low-temperature sealants for use in refrigeration systems.
In the field of medical devices, it is explored for potential applications in elastomeric components requiring skin contact.
Oppanol B 150's chemical inertness makes it suitable for use in the formulation of specialty chemicals and additives.

Oppanol B 150 may be used in the development of anti-corrosion coatings for metal substrates in marine environments.
Its incorporation in the formulation of damping materials enhances the performance of shock absorbers and isolators.
Oppanol B 150 contributes to the production of sound-damping materials used in automotive interiors and appliances.

Oppanol B 150 is studied for its potential applications in the development of flexible, stretchable electronic sensors.
Its tackiness is utilized in the formulation of sticky mats used in cleanroom environments for particle control.
Oppanol B 150's compatibility with various solvents makes it suitable for use in the formulation of industrial cleaning agents.

In the textile industry, it may find applications in the production of flexible, elastomeric fabrics for specialized garments.
Oppanol B 150 is explored for potential use in the formulation of barrier coatings for packaging materials.
Oppanol B 150 contributes to the synthesis of durable, flexible membranes used in roofing and waterproofing applications.



DESCRIPTION


Oppanol B 150, a medium molecular weight polyisobutene, exhibits versatile elastomeric properties.
Oppanol B 150, also known as PIB, is derived from the polymerization of isobutene monomers.
Its molecular structure, characterized by a flexible backbone, imparts exceptional elasticity to the material.
As a key constituent in synthetic rubber, Oppanol B 150 offers superior mechanical stability.

The non-polar nature of this elastomer contributes to its excellent chemical inertness.
Oppanol B 150 is a thermoplastic elastomer, allowing it to regain its original form after deformation.
With a molecular weight suitable for various applications, it strikes a balance between viscosity and performance.

The polymerized isobutylene structure provides effective moisture protection, making it valuable in sealing applications.
Oppanol B 150 demonstrates low-temperature elasticity, ensuring flexibility even in cold environments.
Its non-irritating nature makes it suitable for applications where skin contact is a consideration.

Good adhesion to diverse surfaces expands its utility in adhesive formulations.
Oppanol B 150's electrical insulation properties enhance its use in specific industrial and electronic applications.

Oppanol B 150 exhibits a tacky nature, providing stickiness in certain formulations.
Its anti-corrosive properties make it advantageous for applications where protection against corrosion is critical.
Oppanol B 150 is soluble in various hydrocarbons, facilitating ease of processing in different manufacturing methods.

Oppanol B 150 complies with REACH EC Regulation 1907/2006, adhering to strict European safety and environmental standards.
With a shelf life of two years, Oppanol B 150 maintains its performance over an extended period.
In roofing applications, it serves as a reliable and durable material, meeting specific requirements in the construction industry.

Oppanol B 150's resistance to oxidative attack enhances its longevity in various environments.
Oppanol B 150 serves as a water vapor barrier, finding utility in applications requiring moisture protection.

As a recommended material for food contact applications, it meets stringent regulatory standards.
Processing methods include kneaders, roll-mills, and single- or twin-screw extruders, showcasing its versatility in manufacturing.
Its synthetic nature makes Oppanol B 150 a valuable component in the production of fuel additives.

Oppanol B 150's long-chain structure contributes to its unique combination of properties, making it suitable for diverse applications.
Oppanol B 150, with its excellent blend of characteristics, continues to find utility in a wide range of industrial sectors.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, remove the affected person to fresh air.
If respiratory irritation or difficulty breathing persists, seek medical attention.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, immediately wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
If irritation or redness develops, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

In case of contact with the eyes, immediately flush with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes.
Lift the upper and lower eyelids to ensure thorough rinsing.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.


Ingestion:

If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel.
Rinse mouth with water if the person is conscious.
Seek immediate medical attention.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and safety glasses, to minimize skin and eye contact.
Use respiratory protection if handling the product in an environment with inadequate ventilation.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation exposure.
Use local exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to maintain airborne concentrations below recommended exposure limits.

Avoidance of Contact:
Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Oppanol B 150 to prevent ingestion.

Handling Precautions:
Follow good industrial hygiene practices.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling the product.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store Oppanol B 150 in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Keep away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizing agents.

Temperature Control:
Maintain storage temperatures within the specified range provided by the manufacturer.
Avoid exposure to extreme heat or cold.

Container Integrity:
Ensure that storage containers are tightly sealed to prevent contamination and evaporation.
Inspect containers regularly for leaks or damage.

Separation from Incompatibles:
Store Oppanol B 150 away from sources of ignition and incompatible materials.
Separate from strong acids, bases, and reactive chemicals.

Special Considerations:
Follow any additional storage recommendations provided by the manufacturer or supplier.
Store large quantities in accordance with local regulations and industry standards.


Emergency Measures:

Spill Response:
In the event of a spill, follow established spill response procedures.
Use appropriate absorbent materials to contain and clean up the spill.

Fire Precautions:
Oppanol B 150 is not flammable, but avoid exposure to open flames and high temperatures.
In case of a fire involving nearby materials, use appropriate extinguishing agents.

Emergency Handling Procedures:
Familiarize personnel with emergency handling procedures, including evacuation routes and emergency contacts.


Documentation and Training:

Labeling:
Ensure that storage containers are properly labeled with the product name, CAS number (9003-27-4), and hazard information.

Employee Training:
Train personnel handling Oppanol B 150 on safe storage, handling, and emergency response procedures.
Provide access to safety data sheets (SDS) for comprehensive information.
OPTICAL BRIGHTNER CBS-127
OPTICAL BRIGHTENER CBS-127 Optical Brightener CBS-127 is highly effective in polymer substrates such as acrylics, thermoplastic polyurethanes, polyvinylchloride, styrene ehomo and copolymers, polyolefins,and other organic substrates. Main applications of Optical Brightener CBS-127 include synthetic fibers,plastics and plastic rubbers. Additional applications include clear varnish,pigmented varnish,paints,printing inks and synthetic leather. Short Description: High quality whitening Optical Brightener FP-127 for PVC CAS NO 40470-68-6 FLUORESCENT BRIGHTENER FP [Chemical name] FLUORESCENT BRIGHTENER FP [Structure] [Molecular weight]418.5 [Physical properties] Melting Range 216-222℃ Specific Gravity(20℃) 1.23g/cm3 λmax in ultra-violet range 350-355nm Solubility (20℃) %W/W Water <0.01 Acetone <0.1 Dimethylacetamide 1.4 Chloroform 0.4 Ethylacetate <0.1 n-Hexne <0.01 Methanol <0.1 [Molecular weight]418.5 [Physical properties] Melting Range of Optical Brightener CBS-127:216-222℃ Specific Gravity(20℃) of Optical Brightener CBS-127: 1.23g/cm3 λmax of Optical Brightener CBS-127 in ultra-violet range 350-355nm Solubility (20℃) of Optical Brightener CBS-127: %W/W Water of Optical Brightener CBS-127: <0.01 Acetone of Optical Brightener CBS-127:<0.1 Dimethylacetamide of Optical Brightener CBS-127: 1.4 Chloroform of Optical Brightener CBS-127: 0.4 Ethylacetate of Optical Brightener CBS-127: <0.1 n-Hexne of Optical Brightener CBS-127:<0.01 Methanol of Optical Brightener CBS-127: <0.1 Methylene chloride of Optical Brightener CBS-127: 0.1 [Volatility(heating rate 20℃/min) Temperature(℃) of Optical Brightener CBS-127 Weight loss(%) 310 1.0 325 2.0 350 2.0 [Applications of Optical Brightener CBS-127: Optical Brightener CBS-127 is highly effective in polymer substrates such as acrylics, thermoplastic polyurethanes,polyvinylchloride,styrene ehomo and copolymers,polyolefins,and other organicsubstrates. Main applications of Optical Brightener CBS-127 include synthetic fibers,plastics and plastic rubbers. Additional applications include clear varnish,pigmented varnish,paints,printing inks and synthetic leather. [Feature of Optical Brightener CBS-127: Optical Brightener CBS-127 features good resistance to heat, exceptional whitening properties,good light fastness and low volatility. Optical Brightener CBS-127 has a brilliant bluish greenish cast ,features good compatilility in various substrates. Optical Brightener CBS-127 is especially suitable for applications such as films and fibers. [Appearance of Optical Brightener CBS-127: Flow free bright yellowish powder. [Storage of Optical Brightener CBS-127: Keep in cool dry place,keep away from sunlight ,Provided the usual precautions for handing chemicals are observed. Avoided dust formation and ignition sources. [Package of Optical Brightener CBS-127: Paper drum lined with plastics bags,net weight 25KG. [Handling&safety of Optical Brightener CBS-127: FPcan be handled in accordance with the usual rules for industrial chemicals.Avoid dust formation and ignition sources. Dosage of Optical Brightener CBS-127: According the whitening demand to choose the dosage, following suggestion dosage: (1) PVC: Whitening:0.01-0.05% (10-50g/100kg) Transparence of Optical Brightener CBS-127:0.0001-0.001% (0.1-1g/100kg) (2) Polybenzene: Whitening of Optical Brightener CBS-127: 0.001% (1g/100kg) Transparence of Optical Brightener CBS-127:0.0001-0.001% (0.1-1g/100kg) (3) ABS: 0.01-0.05% (10-50g/100kg) Description Optical Brightener CBS-127 is a high stability optical brightener agent with very stable excellent whitening effect. No yellowing and discoloring will occur on the products whitening by this whitening agent even if they are stored for a long time. So it is very popular and very widely used in Plastic especially for soft plastic such as wire, cable, artificial leathers etc. Specification: Name Optical brightener agent CBS-127 Appearance Light yellow powder CAS No. 40470-68-6 Molecular Formula C30H26O2 Purity ≥99% Melting point 216-222℃ Ash ≤0.5% Volatile matter ≤0.3% Use Of CBS-127 It is especially suitable for the whitening of PVC and polystyrene series products, and it can also be used for whitening and brightening of other thermoplastics, coatings, inks, and synthetic fibers. Amount of fluorescent whitening agent CBS-127 added per 100kg polymer (reference dosage): PVC: Whitening: 0.01-0.05% (10-50g) Transparent: 0.0001-0.001% (0.1-1g) PS: Whitening: 0.001% (1g) Transparent: 0.0001-0.001% (0.1-1g) ABS: Whitening: 0.01—0.05%(10g-50g)(It can effectively eliminate the inherent yellow in ABS) Transparent: 0.01—0.05(10g-50g) Other plastic Such as poly(methyl methacrylate), Cellulose carbonate etc., the dosage of cbs-127 can refer to the above formula used in the pvc.
OPULYN 301
DESCRIPTION:

Opulyn 301 is used to make opaque products in liquid soap and shampoo.
Opulyn 301 is an anionic styrene/acrylic copolymer supplied at 40% solids.
Opulyn 301 is a highly versatile opacifier for anionic surfactant-based systems.
Opulyn 301 is best suited for formulations with slightly acid to moderate pH range, containing up to moderate levels of inorganic electrolytes, such as, mild shower gels and shampoos and fatty-acid based liquid hand soaps



CAS NUMBER: 9010-92-8

EC NUMBER: 618-461-7




DESCRIPTION:

Opulyn 301 is a highly versatile opacifier for anionic surfactant-based systems and has the best performance in slightly acid to moderate pH range.
Opulyn 301 tolerates moderate levels of inorganic electrolytes and typically used in shower gels and fatty acid-based liquid hand soaps.
Opulyn 301 is a highly versatile opacifier for anionic surfactant-based systems.
Opulyn 301 is used as opacifier in mild shower gels and shampoos, fatty-acid based liquid hand soaps.
Opulyn 301 imparts uniform opacity and lotionized appearance to formulations.

Opulyn 301 effectively hides amber cast or haziness in formulations.
Opulyn 301 offers high whiteness or a pastel color effect to formulation when used with dyes.
Opulyn 301 possesses very good compatibility.
Opulyn 301 is an anionic styrene/acrylic copolymer supplied at 40% solids.

Opulyn 301 delivers a rich, lotionized appearance in formulations.
Opulyn 301 has broad formulation compatibility and excellent stability.
Opulyn 301 best suited for formulations based on anionic surfactant systems such as shower gels, shampoos, and fatty-acid based liquid hand soaps.
Opulyn 301 is a chain of polymers consisting of styrene and acrylate which is added to cosmetics for color.
There is a contamination concern with this ingredient and related ingredients.

Opulyn 301 may contain a small amount of residual styrene.
Opulyn 301 is used predominately in the production of polystyrene plastics and resins.
Opulyn 301 is also used as an intermediate in the composition of materials used for ion exchange resins and to produce copolymers.
Opulyn 301 can be found in air, water, and soil after release from the manufacture, use, and disposal of styrene-based products.
Opulyn 301 is quickly broken down in the air, usually within 1-2 days.

Opulyn 301 is a synthetic polymer consisting of acrylates and styrene.
Opulyn 301 is added to cosmetic and skin care products for color or for its opaque properties.
Opulyn 301 forms a film and does not penetrate the skin because it has fairly large molecules.
The chemical formula of Opulyn 301 is C11H11O2.

Opulyn 301 is a synthetic polymer used as a film former in cosmetics and personal care products that has opaque properties and is seen in a variety of formulas, including those for sunscreens and other lotions.
Opulyn 301 has large molecules that do not penetrate the skin.
Opulyn 301 is a cold process opaque white concentrate that can be added to surfactant systems to get whiter opaque to translucent appearance.
Opulyn 301 is an opacifier blend that has low-viscosity white liquid with a low odor.

Opulyn 301 is an organic compound.
This derivative of benzene is a colorless oily liquid, although aged samples can appear yellowish.
Opulyn 301 evaporates easily and has a sweet smell, although high concentrations have a less pleasant odor.
Opulyn 301 is the precursor to polystyrene and several copolymers.
Opulyn 301 is a common ingredient found in various personal care and cosmetic products.

Opulyn 301 is a copolymer, which means it is composed of two different monomers, styrene, and acrylates.
Opulyn 301 is used as a film-forming agent and stabilizer in a wide range of beauty and personal care products due to its advantageous properties.
Opulyn 301 is created by copolymerizing styrene and acrylates monomers.
The specific ratios of these monomers in the copolymer can vary, resulting in different properties and performance in products.

One of the primary functions of Opulyn 301 is to form a thin film or barrier on the skin or hair when applied in cosmetic products.
This film helps improve the product's durability, water resistance, and overall performance.
Opulyn 301 is often used to stabilize emulsions, ensuring that the water and oil-based components of a product remain blended and do not separate over time.



USES:

-Sunscreen lotions and creams: Opulyn 301 helps provide water resistance to sunscreens, making them more effective when exposed to water or sweat.
-Foundation and BB creams: Opulyn 301 enhances the longevity of makeup products on the skin.
-Eyeliners and mascaras: Opulyn 301 helps the product adhere to the skin or lashes and resist smudging.
-Haircare products: Opulyn 301 can be found in styling gels, mousses, and hairsprays to add hold and control.



USAGE AREAS:

-Detergent
-Cosmetic
-Mild shower gels and shampoos
-Fatty-acid based liquid hand soaps



APPLICATIONS:

Opulyn 301 is a highly versatile opacifier for anionic surfactant-based systems.
Best suited for formulations with slightly acid to moderate pH range, containing up to moderate levels of inorganic electrolytes, such as:

˗ Mild shower gels and shampoos
˗ Fatty-acid based liquid hand soaps



APPLICATIONS:

-Opulyn 301 and related styrene-based polymers are most often found in nail polish
-Sunscreen (SPF greater than 30)
-Sunscreen moisturizer
-Body wash/cleanser
-Shampoo
-Eyeliner



BENEFITS:

-Enhance product texture and appearance
-Delivers a rich, lotionized look
-Provides uniform opacity and coloring
-Offers excellent stability
-Broad formulation capability
-Effective at low use rates
-Easy-to-use liquid
-Non-GMO



PROPERTIES:

-Boiling Point: 145°C
-Solubility: Low solubility in water
-Viscosity: High



SPECIFICATIONS:

-Appearance: milky liquid
-Ionic Nature: anionic
-Solids (%): 40
-pH (as is): 2.1-2.5
-Average particle size (mm): 17
-Density (g/ml): 1.03
-Viscosity cps as supplied: <50



FUNCTION:

-Imparts uniform opacity and lotionized appearance to formulations.
-Effectively hides amber cast or haziness informulations.
-Offers high whiteness or a pastel color effect to formulation when used with dyes.
-Effective at low use levels.
-Possesses very good compatibility.
-Film forming.
-Opacifying.



ADVANTAGES:

-Excellent formulation compatibility and stability
-Suitable for a wide range of products
-Easy to use and process
-Low odour
-High whiteness and opacity
-Imparts uniform opacity and lotionized appearance to formulations
-Effectively hides amber cast or haziness in formulations
-Imparts high whiteness or a pastel color effect to formulation when used with dyes
-Excellent compatibility allows for use in a wide variety of applications
-Effective at low use levels
-Easy-to-use liquid



TYPICAL PROPERTIES:

-Ionic Nature: Anionic
-Appearance: Milky Liquid
-pH: 2.1 - 2.5 (As Is)
-Particle Size: 0.17 (Average Particle Size mm)
-Density: 1.03 G/Ml
-Viscosity:


PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Color: white, milky
-Dynamic Viscosity: 50 mPa.s
-Evaporation Rate: < 1.0
-Odor: acrylic-like, mild
-pH: 2.1 - 2.5
-Relative Density: 1.03 Reference Material: (water = 1)
-Relative Vapor Density: < 1.0
-Vapor Pressure: 17.0 mmHg @ 20 °C (68 °F)



BENEFITS:

-Compatibility
-Formulation Performance
-Excellent Stability
-Creamy Texture
-Opacifying
-Easy To Use
-Improves Skin Appearance
-Rich Feel
-Cleansing




STORAGE:

Store in a tightly closed container at room temperature between 15-30oC away from light and moisture.



SYNONYM:

acrylate styrene
HXHCOXPZCUFAJI-UHFFFAOYSA-M
2-propenoic acid, butyl ester, polymer with ethenylbenzene
styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer
Styrene Acrylate Copolymer
Acrylates Copolymer
Styrene/Acrylic Acid Copolymer
Styrene/Butadiene Copolymer
Sodium Styrene/Acrylates Copolymer
Ammonium Styrene/Acrylates Copolymer
Potassium Styrene/Acrylates Copolymer
Poly(styrene-co-acrylate)
Styrene/Acrylic Acid Crosspolymer
9010-92-8
2-Propenoik asit, 2-metil-, etenilbenzenli polimer
2-metilprop-2-enoik asit; stiren
Styron G 9001
SCHEMBL76985
FT-0777849



















OPULYN 301
DESCRIPTION:
OPULYN 301 is a highly versatile opacifier for anionic surfactant-based systems.
OPULYN 301 is an anionic styrene/acrylic copolymer supplied at 40% solids.
OPULYN 301 is a highly versatile opacifier for anionic surfactant-based systems.

CAS: 9010-92-8
INCI Name: Styrene/Acrylates Copolymer

OPULYN 301 is best suited for formulations with slightly acid to moderate pH range, containing up to moderate levels of inorganic electrolytes, such as, mild shower gels and shampoos and fatty-acid based liquid hand soaps.
A highly versatile opacifier for anionic surfactant-based systems and has the best performance in slightly acid to moderate pH range.
It tolerates moderate levels of inorganic electrolytes and typically used in shower gels and fatty acid-based liquid hand soaps.


Opulyn 301 is Anionic styrene/acrylic copolymer.
Opulyn 301 by is used as opacifier in mild shower gels and shampoos, fatty-acid based liquid hand soaps.
Opulyn 301 imparts uniform opacity and lotionized appearance to formulations.

Opulyn 301 effectively hides amber cast or haziness in formulations.
Opulyn 301 offers high whiteness or a pastel color effect to formulation when used with dyes.
Opulyn 301 possesses very good compatibility.

OPULYN 301 is a highly versatile opacifier for anionic surfactant-based systems.
OPULYN 301 has Best performance in slightly acid to moderate pH range.
OPULYN 301 Tolerates moderate levels of inorganic electrolytes.
OPULYN 301 is Typically used in shower gels and fatty acid-based liquid hand soaps.

ORIGIN OF OPULYN 301:
Opulyn 301 is an anionic styrene/acrylic copolymer supplied at 40% solids.
Opulyn 301 is a highly versatile opacifier for anionic surfactant-based systems.

USES OF OPULYN 301:
OPULYN 301 is used in Mild shower gels and shampoos
OPULYN 301 is used in Fatty-acid based liquid hand soaps

OPULYN 301 Opacifiers offer a dense and creamy look to personal-care formulations, and that visual impact enhances the richness and properties of the products.
Typical levels in the formulation range from 0.5 to 1.0%.
Personal-care products that may include OPULYN 301 Opacifiers include:
• Shampoos and shower gels
• Hair conditioners
• Liquid hand soaps






BENEFITS OF OPULYN 301:
OPULYN 301 Enhances product texture and appearance
OPULYN 301 Delivers a rich, lotionized look
OPULYN 301 Provides uniform opacity and coloring

OPULYN 301 Offers excellent stability
OPULYN 301 has Broad formulation capability
OPULYN 301 is Effective at low use rates

OPULYN 301 is Easy-to-use liquid
OPULYN 301 is Non-GMO*

OPULYN 301 Does not meet the definition of a nanomaterial as listed in Article 2(k) of the EU Cosmetic Regulation
To the best of our knowledge OPULYN 301 does not contain ingredients of animal origin.

ADVANTAGES OF OPULYN 301:
OPULYN 301 has Excellent formulation compatibility and stability
OPULYN 301 is Suitable for a wide range of products
OPULYN 301 is Easy to use and process

OPULYN 301 has Low odour
OPULYN 301 High whiteness and opacity
OPULYN 301 Imparts uniform opacity and lotionized appearance to formulations

OPULYN 301 Effectively hides amber cast or haziness in formulations
OPULYN 301 Imparts high whiteness or a pastel color effect to formulation when used with dyes
OPULYN 301 Excellent compatibility allows for use in a wide variety of applications

OPULYN 301 is Effective at low use levels
OPULYN 301 is Easy-to-use liquid



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT OPULYN 301:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product












SPECIFICATIONS OF OPULYN 301:
Appearance milky liquid
Ionic Nature anionic
Solids (%) 40
pH (as is) 2.1-2.5
Average particle size (mm) 17
Density (g/ml) 1.03
Viscosity cps as supplied <50
Grade: Technical
Form Liquid
INCI Styrene/Acrylates Copolymer
Appearance liquid
Application Type Personal care
Boiling Point 100 °C (212 °F)
California Prop 65
This product does not contain any chemicals known to State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or any other reproductive harm.
Color white, milky
Dynamic Viscosity 50 mPa.s
Evaporation Rate < 1.0
Odor acrylic-like, mild
pH 2.1 - 2.5
Relative Density 1.03 Reference Material: (water = 1)
Relative Vapor Density< 1.0
Vapor Pressure17.0 mmHg @ 20 °C (68 °F)

FUNCTIONS OF OPULYN 301:
OPULYN 301 Imparts uniform opacity and lotionized appearance to formulations.
OPULYN 301 Effectively hides amber cast or haziness informulations.
OPULYN 301 Offers high whiteness or a pastel color effect to formulation when used with dyes.

OPULYN 301 Effective at low use levels.
OPULYN 301 Possesses very good compatibility.
OPULYN 301 has Film forming.
OPULYN 301 is Opacifying.


APPLICATIONS OF OPULYN 301:
Opulyn 301 is a highly versatile opacifier for anionic surfactant-based systems.
Best suited for formulations with slightly acid to moderate pH range, containing up to moderate levels of inorganic electrolytes, such as:
˗ Mild shower gels and shampoos
˗ Fatty-acid based liquid hand soaps




ORANGE OIL
cas no 89-98-5 o-Chlorobenzenecarboxyaldehyde; OCAD;2-Chlorobenzene Carbonal; o-Chloorbenzaldehyde (Dutch); 2-Chloorbenzaldehyde (Dutch); 2-chlorbenzaldehyd (German); o-Chlorobenzaldehyde; 2-clorobenzaldeide (Italian); 2-Clorobenzaldehído (Spanish); 2-Chlorobenzaldéhyde (French);
ORGAL 803 CM
Application Areas of Orgal 803 CM: Cement Modifier, EIFS Basecoats, and Terrazzo Floorings.


Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers
Chemical Composition: Acrylic polymer


Orgal 803 CM is an APEO- and formaldehyde-free acrylic polymer designed for high performance coatings in a variety of exterior and interior applications, wood coatings, wood stains.
Orgal 803 CM shows alkyd compatibility and in-can clarity in wood stains.


Orgal 803 CM has a maximum shelf life of 12 months.
When used in water-based coatings, Orgal 803 CM shows wet and dry adhesion, excellent exterior durability, crack, chalk and alkali resistance, gloss and tint retention and excellent rheology modifier response.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL 803 CM:
Orgal 803 CM is used Cement Modifier, EIFS Basecoats, and Terrazzo Floorings
Application Areas of Orgal 803 CM: Cement Modifier, EIFS Basecoats, and Terrazzo Floorings.


When used in water-based coatings, Orgal 803 CM shows wet and dry adhesion, excellent exterior durability, crack, chalk and alkali resistance, gloss and tint retention and excellent rheology modifier response.
Orgal 803 CM shows alkyd compatibility and in-can clarity in wood stains.


Orgal 803 CM is used Adhesives & Sealants and Paints & Coatings.
Application Areas of Orgal 803 CM: DIY Paints, Eggshell - Semigloss Paints, Façade Paints, Gloss Paints, Interior Paints, Kitchen & Bathroom Paints, and Wood Stains.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL 803 CM:
Product Name: ORGAL P 803 CM
Chemical Composition: AC
Total Solids (%±1): 47
pH: 9.0-9.0
Viscosity (mPa.s max): 300
MFFT (°C): 10
Tg (°C): 15



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL 803 CM:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL 803 CM:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL 803 CM:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL 803 CM:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL 803 CM:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL 803 CM:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


ORGAL F 4050
ORGAL F 4050 is an APEO free acrylic copolymer which is designed for hard, scratch resistant and chemical resistant furniture and interior wood coatings.
ORGAL F 4050 by Organik Kimya is an APEO-free, acrylic copolymer.
ORGAL F 4050 shows high durability, high gloss and toughness.

CAS Number: 105-59-9
EINECS Number: 203-312-7

Synonyms: trans-2-Hexene, 4050-45-7, (E)-2-Hexene, 2-Hexene, (E)-, 2-hexene, (2E)-, (E)-hex-2-ene, 2E-Hexene, (2E)-2-Hexene, 592-43-8, 2TZ30GGG1A, NSC-74123, Hexene, isomers, Hexene, isomer, MFCD00009473, trans-Hex-2-ene, HSDB 5143, 25264-93-1, EINECS 246-768-2, UNII-2TZ30GGG1A, UNII-RBV8CN16R2, EINECS 209-755-2, EINECS 223-752-3, NSC 74123, UNII-092313365W, (2E)-hex-2-ene, AI3-28402, 2-Hexene, cis + trans, trans-2-Hexene, 97%, (2E)-2-Hexene #, 2-HEXENE, TRANSRBV8CN16R2, 2-Hexene, (cis and trans), 2-Hexene (mixed cis & trans), DTXSID90881224, CHEBI:137755, NSC74123, ZINC1699507, LMFA11000035, AKOS015840064, 2-Hexene, cis + trans, tech. 85%, (E)-2-C6H12, H0380, 2-Hexene (cis+trans), technical grade, 85%, Q27255598, 092313365W,Orgal P 74 S, Orgal Duraflex 84 S, Orgal P 086VR, Orgal P 6830, Orgal PST 5010, Orgal PST 100 E, Orgal PST 100, Orgal PST 50 E, Orgal P 806 S, Orgal P 056V, Orgal K 6459 E, Orgal K 6455 E, Orgal PR 9464, Orgal PR 845 A, ORGAL F 4050, Orgal P 888, Orgal P 878, Orgal P 850 RR, Orgal P 850, Orgal P 838 W, Orgal P 8266, Orgal P 8240, Orgal P 826, Orgal P 808, Orgal P 050G, Orgal P 036V, Orgal P 6820, Orgal P 671, Orgal P 653, Orgal P 600, Orgal P 062 V, Orgal P 526, Orgal P 523 V, Orgal PST 50 A,Orgal P 523 V, Orgal P 526, Orgal P 062V, Orgal P 600, Orgal P 653, Orgal P 671, Orgal P 6820, Orgal P 036V, Orgal P 050G, Orgal P 808, Orgal P 826, Orgal P 8240, Orgal P 8266, Orgal PR 9464, Orgal K 649 EN, Orgal K 6455 E, Orgal K 6459 E, Orgal P 056V, Orgal P 806 S, Orgal PR 667

ORGAL F 4050 provides excellent sandability, good block- and cold liquid resistance.
ORGAL F 4050 offers good transparency in clear coats and excellent wet/dry film clarity.
ORGAL F 4050 is designed for hard & scratch resistant furniture and one-component interior wood coatings.

Coatings based on ORGAL F 4050 are highly durable and show good transparency, gloss and toughness.
Coatings based on ORGAL F 4050 have excellent resistance against household chemicals.
The films have good resistance against household chemicals.

ORGAL F 4050 is an APEO-free, acrylic copolymer.
ORGAL F 4050 shows high durability, high gloss and toughness.
ORGAL F 4050 is suitable for interior tannin/stain blocking primers, wood primers, primer undercoats, and primers with flash and early rusting resistance on metal surfaces.

ORGAL F 4050 has a maximum shelf life of 12 months.
Specific properties and applications of ORGAL F 4050 would depend on its formulation and intended use, which can be provided by the manufacturer or supplier of the product.
ORGAL F 4050 is a range of polymer emulsions based on acrylic, styrene-acrylic and vinyl acrylic chemistry.

ORGAL F 4050 is an APEO-free, acrylic polymer designed for formulating high quality stain blocking primers for wood, walls, ceilings and metal surfaces.
ORGAL F 4050 can be used in the formulations containing zinc oxide and is compatible with a variety of fillers and pigments.
ORGAL F 4050 shows excellent stain blocking property, adhesion on wood, resistance to flash rusting.

These products comply with VOC regulations, phasing out formaldehyde, ammonia, and other restricted substances.
ORGAL F 4050 is a range of polymer emulsions based on acrylic, styrene-acrylic and vinyl acrylic chemistry.
These products comply with VOC regulations, phasing out formaldehyde, ammonia, and other restricted substances.

ORGAL F 4050, also known as N-methyl diethanolamine and more commonly as MDEA, is the organic compound with the formula CH3N(C2H4OH)2.
ORGAL F 4050 is a colorless liquid with an ammonia odor.
The films have good resistance against household chemicals.

ORGAL F 4050 provides excellent sandability, good block- and cold liquid resistance.
ORGAL F 4050 offers good transparency in clear coats and excellent wet/dry film clarity.
ORGAL F 4050 is designed for hard & scratch resistant furniture and one-component interior wood coatings.

ORGAL F 4050 made for hard interior wood coatings requiring scratch and chemical resistance.
Coatings made with ORGAL F 4050 will have good transparency, gloss, and toughness.
Acrylic copolymer for industrial coatings on wood, furniture coatings with increased rigidity, chemical resistance and abrasion resistance.

Coatings based on ORGAL F 4050 have improved durability, hardness, gloss, and transparency.
Forming film is resistant to household chemicals.
ORGAL F 4050 is an APEO free acrylic copolymer which is designed for hard, scratch resistant and chemical resistant furniture and interior wood coatings.

ORGAL F 4050 are highly durable and show good transparency, gloss and toughness.
Coatings based on ORGAL F 4050 have excellent resistance against household chemicals.
ORGAL F 4050 is miscible with water, ethanol and benzene.

A tertiary amine, ORGAL F 4050 is widely used as a sweetening agent in chemical, oil refinery, syngas production and natural gas.
Similar compounds are ORGAL F 4050, a primary amine, and diethanolamine (DEA), a secondary amine, both of which are also used for amine gas treating.
ORGAL F 4050's defining characteristic when compared to these other amines is its ability to preferentially remove H2S (and strip CO2) from sour gas streams.

ORGAL F 4050's popularity as a solvent for gas treating stems from several advantages it has when compared to other alkanolamines.
One of these advantages is a low vapor pressure, which allows for high amine compositions without appreciable losses through the absorber and regenerator.
ORGAL F 4050 is also resistant to thermal and chemical degradation and is largely immiscible with hydrocarbons.

ORGAL F 4050 is a common base note in perfumes to allow the fragrance to last.
Lastly, ORGAL F 4050 has a relatively low heat of reaction with hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, which allows for lower reboiler duties, thus lower operating costs.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in coatings for concrete floors and walls, offering durability and resistance to abrasion and chemicals.

ORGAL F 4050 is utilized in the production of PSAs for tapes, labels, and stickers due to its strong tack and peel adhesion properties.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in formulating adhesives for construction materials, providing strong bonding for substrates like wood, metal, and plastics.

Appearance: Opal Emulsion
Solid Content (%_1) +: 40
Viscosity (Brookfield LVT 2/60): 500 cps max.
pH: 8.0 - 9.0
MFFT (°C):49
Storage Stability: Protect from freezing

ORGAL F 4050 is suitable for interior tannin/stain blocking primers, wood primers, primer undercoats, and primers with flash and early rusting resistance on metal surfaces.
ORGAL F 4050 is an APEO-free, acrylic polymer designed for formulating high quality stain blocking primers for wood, walls, ceilings and metal surfaces.
ORGAL F 4050 can be used in the formulations containing zinc oxide and is compatible with a variety of fillers and pigments.

ORGAL F 4050 shows excellent stain blocking property, adhesion on wood, resistance to flash rusting.
ORGAL F 4050 has a maximum shelf life of 12 months.
ORGAL F 4050 is less reactive towards CO2, but has an equilibrium loading capacity approaching 1 mole CO2 per mole amine.

ORGAL F 4050 also requires less energy to regenerate.
To combine the advantages of ORGAL F 4050 and the smaller amines, MDEA is usually mixed with a catalytic promoter such as piperazine, PZ, or a fast reacting amine such as MEA to retain reactivity, but lower regeneration costs.
ORGAL F 4050 or aMDEA uses piperazine as a catalyst to increase the speed of the reaction with CO2.

ORGAL F 4050 has been commercially successful.
Many tests have been done on the performance of ORGAL F 4050 or MDEA/piperazine mixtures compared to single amines.
CO2 production rates were higher than ORGAL F 4050 for the same heat duty and total molar concentration when experiments were performed in the University of Regina pilot plant, which is a modeled after a natural gas plant.

There were also insignificant trace amounts of degradation products detected.
However, when the same control variables and tests were conducted at the Boundary Dam Power Station plant, the CO2 production rate for the mixed solvent was lower than ORGAL F 4050.
This was a result of the reduction in the capacity of the solvent to absorb CO2 after degradation.

Because the Boundary Dam plant is a coal-fired power plant, it operates under harsher environments and produces an impure flue gas containing, fly ash, SO2, and NO2 that are fed into carbon capture.
Even with flue gas pretreatment, there is still enough to produce degradation products such as straight chain amines and sulfur compounds, which accumulate so it is no longer possible to regenerate ORGAL F 4050 and MDEA.
For these blends to be successful in reducing heat duty, their chemical stabilities must be maintained.

Uses:
ORGAL F 4050 is used in protective coatings for PCBs to prevent moisture and dust ingress, ensuring reliable performance.
Provides protective encapsulation for electronic components, safeguarding them from environmental factors.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in coatings for kitchen and bathroom cabinets to provide a durable, moisture-resistant finish.

Provides UV and weather resistance for outdoor wood furniture, maintaining appearance and structural integrity.
ORGAL F 4050 is used as a binder in printing inks to provide good adhesion, color retention, and print quality.
Applied as a protective layer over printed materials to enhance gloss and resistance to abrasion.

ORGAL F 4050 is used in coatings for EIFS to provide a protective, weather-resistant finish.
Applied to roofs to provide waterproofing, UV protection, and increased longevity.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in coatings for appliances like refrigerators and washing machines, providing durability and a cleanable surface.

Provides a safe, durable, and colorful finish for children's toys and playground equipment.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in coatings for farm machinery and equipment, providing protection against weather, chemicals, and mechanical wear.
Applied in coatings for greenhouse structures to provide UV protection and durability.

ORGAL F 4050 is used in coatings for food packaging materials to provide moisture resistance and maintain product integrity.
Provides protective coatings for industrial packaging materials, ensuring durability during transportation and storage.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in coatings for medical devices and equipment to provide a durable, sterilizable finish.

Applied in coatings for hygiene products like disposable gloves and gowns, providing barrier properties and durability.
Formulated into artist paints for use in fine arts, providing vibrant colors and excellent workability.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in coatings for various craft materials, providing durability and aesthetic enhancement.

Applied to basement walls and floors to provide a waterproof barrier and prevent moisture ingress.
Provides waterproofing and UV protection for exposed outdoor surfaces.

ORGAL F 4050 is used in formulations that allow for easy removal of graffiti, protecting surfaces from vandalism.
Formulated into coatings that provide thermal insulation properties for energy efficiency in buildings.

ORGAL F 4050 is a specialty acrylic emulsion polymer designed for use in various coating and adhesive applications.
ORGAL F 4050 is typically used in formulations that require a balance of performance and environmental compliance.
ORGAL F 4050 can be used in combination with other polymers and additives to achieve the desired properties in the final product.

ORGAL F 4050 is used in formulating interior wall paints that require good washability, stain resistance, and aesthetic appeal.
Ideal for exterior coatings due to its UV resistance and durability, protecting surfaces from harsh weather conditions.
Provides excellent adhesion and corrosion resistance for metal surfaces, suitable for industrial machinery and structures.

Utilized in coatings for concrete floors and walls, offering durability and resistance to abrasion and chemicals.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in the production of tapes, labels, and stickers due to its strong tack and peel adhesion properties.
Formulated for strong bonding in construction materials such as wood, metal, and plastics.

Applied in packaging applications for bonding various substrates like paper, cardboard, and plastics.
Applied to fabrics to provide water resistance, flame retardancy, and enhanced durability without compromising texture and flexibility.
ORGAL F 4050is used as a binder in nonwoven fabrics for hygiene products, filtration materials, and geotextiles, providing strength and structural integrity.

Formulated into sealants for sealing joints and gaps in buildings, offering flexibility, weather resistance, and adhesion to various substrates.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in automotive applications to seal seams and joints, providing durability and resistance to heat and automotive fluids.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in protective coatings for various surfaces, offering resistance to environmental factors such as moisture, chemicals, and abrasion.

Formulated for decorative purposes, providing aesthetic finishes with durability and protection.
Applied in paper and cardboard coatings to enhance properties such as gloss, smoothness, and printability.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in packaging films to provide barrier properties and improve the appearance of packaged goods.

ORGAL F 4050 is used as a modifier in cement and concrete formulations to improve properties such as adhesion, flexibility, and durability.
Formulated in adhesives for tiles, offering strong bonding and resistance to moisture and temperature variations.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in coatings for wooden furniture to enhance appearance, protect against wear and tear, and provide resistance to environmental factors.

Applied in wood floor coatings for durability, scratch resistance, and ease of maintenance.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in automotive paints and coatings for its excellent adhesion, durability, and resistance to environmental factors.
Formulated in coatings for interior automotive components to provide a durable and aesthetically pleasing finish.

ORGAL F 4050 is used in coatings for boats and marine structures, offering protection against water, salt, and other harsh marine conditions.
Applied in coatings for industrial machinery to protect against wear, corrosion, and chemical exposure.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in coatings for various industrial equipment, providing durability and resistance to harsh operating conditions.

Formulated in DIY products for home repair and improvement, offering easy application and reliable performance.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in decorative finishes for home interiors and exteriors, providing both protection and aesthetic enhancement.
Ideal for use in ceiling paints due to its ability to provide a smooth, matte finish with excellent coverage.

ORGAL F 4050 is used as a base coat to prepare surfaces for painting, ensuring better adhesion and a uniform finish.
Ensures long-lasting protection for machinery and equipment exposed to harsh industrial environments.
Provides a protective barrier to prevent rust and corrosion on metal surfaces.

ORGAL F 4050 is used in automotive underbody coatings to protect against corrosion, road salts, and mechanical damage.
Ensures good adhesion and durability on plastic parts used in automotive interiors and exteriors.
Applied to the hulls of boats and ships to protect against water damage, fouling, and marine growth.

Provides a non-slip, durable surface on ship decks that can withstand harsh marine conditions.
ORGAL F 4050 is used in coatings for aircraft interiors, providing a durable and aesthetically pleasing finish that meets stringent aviation standards.
Provides protection to the exterior surfaces of aircraft from environmental factors and mechanical wear.

Safety Profile:
ORGAL F 4050 is use in well-ventilated areas or with appropriate respiratory protection.
ORGAL F 4050 is use safety goggles or face shield to protect eyes.
Inhalation of aerosol or mist may cause respiratory tract irritation.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using this product.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Though generally low in VOCs, improper disposal can have environmental impacts.

Avoid release into the environment.
Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations.
Wash with plenty of soap and water.

If skin irritation or rash occurs, seek medical advice/attention.
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.

If eye irritation persists, get medical advice/attention.
Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
If breathing is difficult, seek medical attention immediately.

Prolonged or repeated contact with the skin may cause irritation or dermatitis.
Wear protective gloves and avoid direct skin contact.
Can cause eye irritation upon contact.

ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is a plasticizer free, APEO free anionic-nonionic aqueous dispersion based on styrene and acrylic acid ester.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is ubiquitous in every market where water-based systems are used because of the array of specific properties that can be achieved.


Chemical name: Styrene-acrylic copolymer


Orgal Hydroflex 57 is based on a group of chemicals that are true workhorses in the field of polymer chemistry.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is known as acrylates, this group includes acrylic acid and its esters — methyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.


All of these acrylic monomers are highly reactive chemicals, which means they readily combine with themselves or other monomers to form commercially important polymers.
One of the most important polymer reactions, occurring via emulsion polymerization, involves acrylic-based monomers combining with styrene to form a Orgal Hydroflex 57.


The versatility of this class of polymers owes much to the wide-ranging family of acrylic monomers, which, when combined with styrene, can build random copolymers with specific glass transition temperatures (Tg).
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is ubiquitous in every market where water-based systems are used because of the array of specific properties that can be achieved.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 is a water-based dispersion emulsion of styrene acrylic copolymer.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is a surfactant stabilized colloid free emulsion that has excellent pigment loading characteristics, alkali resistance, and good binding capacity to hold texture aggregates.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 is a group of polymers usually obtained by polymerizing a combination of styrene and acrylic monomers.
These polymers have a mixture of properties derived from both acrylic and styrene components.
They are water-based formulations that are dispersable in water to provide stable emulsions.


Due to their excellent adhesive, durability, and film-forming properties Orgal Hydroflex 57 has a wide range of applications in various industries.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is an APEO, ammonia and formaldehyde free, low Tg, styrene acrylic copolymer emulsion that forms a clear, elastic and slightly tacky film when dried above 0°C.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 is highly compatible with cement mixtures.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 provides better mortar rheology, reduces crack formation of mortars and after curing, it improves adhesion, flexibility, water resistance and crack bridging ability.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 is an APEO, ammonia and formaldehyde free, low Tg, styrene acrylic copolymer that forms a clear, elastic and slightly tacky film when dried above 0°C.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is highly compatible with cement mixtures.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 provides better mortar rheology, reduces
crack formation of mortars and after curing it improves adhesion, flexibility, water resistance and crack bridging ability.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is a styrene-acrylic copolymer emulsion, free of APEO, ammonia and formaldehyde, with low Tg.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 forms a transparent, elastic and sticky film when dried at temperatures above 0°C.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is well compatible with cement mixtures.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 provides better mortar rheology, reduces cracking, improves adhesion, flexibility, water resistance and crack resistance.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57:
Highly recommended to produce matte, semi-gloss paints and primers with Orgal Hydroflex 57's excellent scrub resistance and high pigment binding capacity
Recommended for putties, sealants and acrylic plaster because of Orgal Hydroflex 57's excellent water resistance
Orgal Hydroflex 57 can be used for dispersion-based ceramic tile adhesives and ETICs adhesives due to their superior adhesion capability.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 is used as coating binder in water based paints for architectural paints (interior and exterior applications)
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is mainly used in the interior latex paint, interior Ceramic tile adhesives, fillers, putties, and elastomeric roof coatings are items made from styrene-acrylic copolymer.


Glass-fiber secondary binder applications, such as wall coverings, are also used.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 offers excellent gloss, film strength, durability, and resistance to removal by detergents.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 provides high UV stability and resistance to water and alkalis.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 is considered a significant component of floor finishes.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is majorly used in architectural/decorative paints for interior and exterior wall coatings, gloss paints for kitchen and bath, façades, etc.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 is used followed by the wood and furniture industry.
Because of their excellent pigment binding characteristics, interior and outdoor paints employ Orgal Hydroflex 57 as binders.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 provides perfect gloss, film strength, durability, and chemical resistance.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 coatings provide high UV stability and water and alkali resistance.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is incredibly durable.
It's vital to know that adding styrene to Orgal Hydroflex 57 can reduce the film's water absorption and flexibility.


This type of coating requires relatively little maintenance due to Orgal Hydroflex 57's low dirt-pickup propensity and outstanding film flexibility and durability.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is used offering strong adhesion, excellent pigment loading characteristics & alkali resistance properties.


Despite these drawbacks, Orgal Hydroflex 57 is still widely used in construction products, such as ceramic tile adhesives, fillers, putties and elastomeric roof coatings.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is also used in glass-fiber secondary binder applications, such as wall coverings, and architectural decorative coatings.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 enhances mortar rheology, adhesion, flexibility, water resistance, and crack-bridging ability.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is safe for drinking water contact systems.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is used 2K cementitious water proofing mortars


Orgal Hydroflex 57 is used 2K (S2 type) cementitious tile adhesives
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is used 1K or 2K bitumen based waterproofing systems.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is a styrene acrylic emulsion that is APEO, ammonia, and formaldehyde free.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 has low Tg and forms a clear, elastic, and slightly tacky film.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is a newer environmentally friendly polymer for flexible mortars.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 also provides better mortar rheology, reduced crack formations and improves adhesion and flexibility.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 is a range of polymer emulsions based on acrylic, styrene-acrylic and vinyl acrylic chemistry.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 complies with VOC regulations, phasing out formaldehyde, ammonia, and other restricted substances.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is used for the production of cementitious waterproofing mortars, cementitious tile adhesives and bitumen-based waterproofing systems.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 can be used in drinking water contact systems.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is used as binder for interior and exterior paints due to their outstanding pigment binding properties.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 offers ideal gloss, film strength, durability and resistance to removal by detergents.


Coatings based on Orgal Hydroflex 57 display excellent U.V stability and resistance to water, and alkalis.
It is important to note that increasing the styrene content in Orgal Hydroflex 57 may impair the water absorption and elasticity of the film.
These coatings require very low maintenance as they have low tendency to pick up dirt and show good film flexibility and hardness.


Orgal Hydroflex 57 is considered as a significant component of floor finishes.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is majorly used in architectural/decorative paints for interior and exterior wall coatings, gloss paints for kitchen and bath, façades etc. followed by the wood and furniture industry.


-Paints and coatings uses of Orgal Hydroflex 57:
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is primarily used as binders in water-based paints and coatings.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 offers a variety of benefits and play an essential role in providing the necessary attributes for paints and coatings.

Orgal Hydroflex 57 provides excellent adhesion, allowing the paint to firmly bond with various surfaces, such as metal, wood, plastic, and concrete.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 also contributes to film formation when water-based paint or coating dries.

This film provides a protective layer that facilitates the durability, strength, and weather-resistance properties of the coating.
The film can also help prevent the underlying substrate from being exposed to chemicals, moisture, and contaminants.


-Construction uses of Orgal Hydroflex 57:
Orgal Hydroflex 57 is commonly used in the formulation of construction materials to improve the bonding strength between substrates and offer flexibility.
When added to mortars and grouts, Orgal Hydroflex 57 can help improve adhesion, durability, and flexibility.

Orgal Hydroflex 57 improves the bond strength between the mortar or grout and the substrate, making them ideal for applications such as masonry repairs, tile adhesion, and other construction projects.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 can also be used as additives in concrete and cement formulations to enhance workability, strength, and durability.


-Emulsion Polymers uses of Orgal Hydroflex 57:
Orgal Hydroflex 57 can be used as emulsion polymers thanks to their ability to disperse in water and create stable emulsions.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 can be used as an ingredient in the production of synthetic rubber.

Orgal Hydroflex 57 is incorporated as emulsion binders to improve the properties of rubber compounds, such as flexibility, adhesion, and resistance to chemicals and abrasion.

When added to textile coatings, Orgal Hydroflex 57 provides a wide range of functionalities.
Orgal Hydroflex 57 improves resistance to water, adhesion, and stains and enhance the material’s strength and durability.



OTHER PROPERTIES OF ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57 INCLUDE:
*Good weatherability and good stain resistance
*Broad tensile/elongation balance
*Ability to crosslink
*High pigment-binding capacity
*Ideal gloss, film strength, and resistance to removal by detergents
*Good adhesion to common substrates, including galvanized steel, aluminum and wood
*One drawback of Orgal Hydroflex 57 is the tendency to yellowing from direct sunlight exposure.
In fact, as styrene content increases, yellowing increases, though other factors can also have an effect.
For example, free radical initiators from polymerization of Orgal Hydroflex 57 may influence the degree of yellowing in the final product.



DESIRABLE PROPERTIES OF ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57:
Orgal Hydroflex 57 offers excellent hydrophobic characteristics, which means they have superior water resistance and moisture vapor transmission rate (MVTR) when compared to all-acrylic polymers.
Also, styrene itself is a hydrophobic monomer, making it possible to produce Orgal Hydroflex 57 with low particle sizes.

This results in polymers that are ideal for certain applications, such as primers for the construction industry or binders for paper coatings.
Another important property of Orgal Hydroflex 57 is its high glass transition temperature.
As a result, Orgal Hydroflex 57 tends to be durable and exhibits good abrasion resistance and good mechanical properties.



KEY FEATURES AND APPLICATIONS OF ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57 INCLUDE:
*Primers, plasters, textured- and wall paints for architectural coatings
*Interior & Exterior wood and metal coatings
*High performance and durable for DIY and industrial uses
*Wet adhesion, self-crosslinking, and stain-blocking systems
*General purpose grades act as thickeners having a pseudoplastic profile



BENEFITS OF ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57:
*High pigment-binding capacity and alkali resistance
*Effects on colour intensity and scrub resistance positively
*APEO and formaldehyde-free for healthy indoor applications
*Easy to handle, broad application
*Automation production technology and consistent quality



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57:
Appearance: White Emulsion
Solid Content (%_1) +: 57
Viscosity RVT 3/60: 700 cps max.
pH: 7.0 - 9.0
Density (25°C, g/cm3) ± 0.01: 1.04
MFFT (°C): < 0
Tg (°C): -10
Storage Stability: Protect from freezing



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57
DESCRIPTION:
ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57 is an APEO, ammonia and formaldehyde free, low Tg, styrene acrylic copolymer emulsion that forms a clear, elastic and slightly tacky film when dried above 0°C.
ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57 is highly compatible with cement mixtures.
ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57 provides better mortar rheology, reduces crack formation of mortars and after curing, it improves adhesion, flexibility, water resistance and crack bridging ability.
ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57 can be used in drinking water contact systems.


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57:
Appearance: White Emulsion
Tg (°C): -10
MFFT (°C): < 0
Solid Content: (%_1) + : 57
Viscosity RVT 3/60 : 700 cps max.
pH : 7.0 - 9.0
Density (25°C, g/cm3) ± 0.01 : 1.04
Storage Stability: Protect from freezing


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT ORGAL HYDROFLEX 57:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product



ORGAL K 411
Orgal K 411 is a APEO and plasticiser-free acrylic emulsion, with soft and plastic film properties.


Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Acrylic Emulsions
Chemical Composition: Acrylic emulsion


Acrylic composition provides very good flexibility and longterm weather resistance, which results in retention of whiteness, adhesion and flexibility on ageing.


Orgal K 411 is used in the formulation of roof coatings and in any application where a flexible, high solids polymer with very good adhesion and durability is required.
Orgal K 411 is a APEO and plasticiser-free acrylic emulsion, with soft and plastic film properties.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL K 411:
Application Areas of Orgal K 411: Caulks/Sealants and Flooring / Carpet Adhesives.
Orgal K 411 is used in the formulation of roof coatings and in any application where a flexible, high solids polymer with very good adhesion and durability is required.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL K 411:
Product Name: ORGAL K 411
Chemical Composition: Acrylic emulsion
Total Solids (% ±1%): 59
pH: 6.0
Viscosity (mPa.s max): 1,000
MFFT (°C): <0
Tg (°C): -36
Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Acrylic Emulsions
Physical Form: Emulsion



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL K 411:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL K 411:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL K 411:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL K 411:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL K 411:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL K 411:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


ORGAL K 6455 E
DESCRIPTION:
Orgal K 6455 E is a high solids, APEO-free acrylic polymer produced with UV crosslinking technology.
Orgal K 6455 E is used to formulate elastomeric wall coatings having outstanding exterior durability, excellent elongation, tensile strength, crack bridging properties and dirt pick-up resistance.
The grade does not turn yellow on UV exposure and exhibits crack resistance, very low water absorption, water vapor permeability, very low surface tack.


Orgal K 6455 E shows adhesion over a variety of substrates.
Orgal K 6455 E is internally plasticized which eliminates the need for external plasticizer.
Orgal K 6455 E has a shelf life of 12 months.

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT ORGAL K 6455 E:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGAL K 6455 E:
Product Name : ORGAL K 6455 E
Chemical Composition : AC
Total Solids (%±1) : 60
pH : 5.0-5.0
Viscosity (mPa.s max) : 2,000
MFFT (°C) : <0
Tg (°C) : -35

ORGAL ORGAWHITE 2000

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is a specialized styrene acrylic copolymer used in the paint and coatings industry.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is formulated to function as an organic opacifier in water-based paints and coatings.
One notable feature of Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is its eco-friendly composition, as it is free of ammonia hydroxide, formaldehyde, and APEO (alkylphenol ethoxylates).
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is designed to improve the opacity and overall performance of paints and coatings.



APPLICATIONS


Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is extensively used as an opacifier in water-based paints and coatings.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is particularly valuable in the formulation of interior and exterior paints where opacity is essential.
In interior wall paints, Orgal Orgawhite 2000 enhances the coverage and hiding power of the paint, resulting in a more uniform finish.

Exterior house paints benefit from its opacifying properties to achieve vibrant and long-lasting colors.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 finds application in architectural coatings for residential and commercial buildings.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is a key component in the production of textured paints and coatings, creating unique surface finishes.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is utilized in the manufacturing of emulsion paints, providing them with the opacity needed to cover imperfections on surfaces.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 plays a role in the formulation of primers, helping create a solid foundation for subsequent paint layers.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is also used in the development of water-based wood coatings, improving the finish on wooden surfaces.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 contributes to the creation of high-quality water-based industrial coatings for machinery and equipment.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is an essential component in the formulation of water-based coatings for metal substrates.
In the automotive industry, it is used in water-based automotive coatings for vehicles and components.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 has applications in the production of water-based floor coatings for residential and commercial spaces.

It finds utility in the formulation of water-based roof coatings for both residential and industrial roofing systems.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is used to improve the opacity and durability of water-based marine coatings for boats and ships.

In the construction sector, it is employed in water-based concrete coatings for protection and aesthetics.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is utilized in water-based coatings for metal furniture and fixtures.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 plays a role in the development of water-based coatings for consumer goods and appliances.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is integrated into water-based coatings for playground equipment and recreational structures.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 contributes to the opacity and performance of water-based coatings for signage and outdoor displays.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is employed in water-based coatings for architectural elements such as railings and gates.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is a valuable component in water-based coatings for agricultural and construction equipment.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 finds application in water-based coatings for pipelines and infrastructure.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is used to enhance the appearance and durability of water-based coatings for metal containers and packaging.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000's versatility and opacifying properties make it an indispensable ingredient in a wide range of water-based paints and coatings across various industries.
In the realm of industrial coatings, Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is used in water-based coatings for machinery and equipment to protect and enhance their appearance.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 plays a role in water-based coatings for metal substrates, providing corrosion resistance and aesthetics.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is a crucial component in the formulation of water-based automotive coatings, ensuring vibrant and durable finishes for vehicles.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 contributes to water-based coatings for metal furniture, making them resistant to wear and tear.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 finds applications in water-based coatings for consumer goods, enhancing the appearance and durability of everyday products.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is utilized in the production of water-based coatings for playground equipment, making them both safe and visually appealing.

Water-based coatings for recreational structures, such as sports equipment and theme park installations, benefit from Orgal Orgawhite 2000's opacity and performance.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is integrated into water-based coatings for outdoor signage and displays, ensuring longevity and visibility.
Architectural elements like railings and gates feature water-based coatings with Orgal Orgawhite 2000 for both protection and aesthetics.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 plays a role in coatings for agricultural and construction equipment, extending their service life.
Water-based coatings for pipelines and infrastructure incorporate Orgal Orgawhite 2000 to withstand environmental conditions.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 enhances the appearance and protective qualities of water-based coatings for metal containers and packaging.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 finds applications in water-based coatings for industrial tanks and vessels, preventing corrosion and contamination.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is used in water-based coatings for HVAC systems, ensuring efficiency and durability.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 contributes to the formulation of water-based coatings for marine structures, providing resistance to saltwater and environmental factors.
Water-based coatings for concrete surfaces, such as bridges and parking structures, benefit from Orgal Orgawhite 2000's protective and aesthetic properties.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 enhances the performance of water-based coatings for flooring, ensuring durability and ease of maintenance.
In the field of roof coatings, it is used to create water-based coatings that protect against UV radiation and weathering.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is employed in water-based coatings for energy-efficient building materials, contributing to sustainability efforts.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 plays a role in water-based coatings for modular and prefabricated construction elements, ensuring long-lasting quality.
Water-based coatings for decorative glass and mirrors incorporate Orgal Orgawhite 2000 to achieve desired visual effects.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is utilized in water-based coatings for ceramic tiles, enhancing their aesthetics and resistance to wear.

Water-based coatings for insulation materials feature Orgal Orgawhite 2000 to improve their performance and appearance.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 contributes to water-based coatings for interior and exterior wooden surfaces, protecting against moisture and UV exposure.
The versatility of Orgal Orgawhite 2000 makes it an indispensable ingredient in a wide range of water-based coatings, ensuring both functional and aesthetic qualities in countless applications across industries.



DESCRIPTION


Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is a specialized styrene acrylic copolymer used in the paint and coatings industry.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is formulated to function as an organic opacifier in water-based paints and coatings.
One notable feature of Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is its eco-friendly composition, as it is free of ammonia hydroxide, formaldehyde, and APEO (alkylphenol ethoxylates).

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is designed to improve the opacity and overall performance of paints and coatings.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is classified as a non-film-forming polymer emulsion, which means it does not create a film on the surface when applied.

When this polymer emulsion dries, it forms hollow air-filled particles, contributing to its opacifying effect.
These unique particles help increase the efficiency of titanium dioxide (TiO2), a commonly used pigment in paints.

In paint formulations, Orgal Orgawhite 2000 acts as a partial replacement for TiO2 and other extenders.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 behaves like a fine particle inorganic extender, effectively spacing TiO2 particles to enhance their performance.
One of its remarkable properties is its very low surface area, which reduces the demand for binders in paint formulations.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 offers paint formulators greater flexibility in working with higher pigment volume concentrations (PVC).
This flexibility allows for the development of high-quality paints with improved opacity.

Paint manufacturers can benefit from the cost optimization potential that Orgal Orgawhite 2000 offers.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 enables cost reduction in paint formulations without compromising the performance of the final product.

Alternatively, Orgal Orgawhite 2000 can be used to enhance paint performance without increasing production costs.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is compatible with a broad range of formulations, making it a versatile choice for paint and coating applications.

Orgal Orgawhite 2000 contributes significantly to the opacity of paints, ensuring excellent coverage and hiding power.
With its ammonia-free and formaldehyde-free composition, it aligns with environmental and safety standards.

The absence of APEO makes it a more sustainable choice in coatings manufacturing.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is known for its consistent quality and reliability in paint formulations.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 can be integrated seamlessly into existing paint production processes.

The product has a maximum shelf life of 12 months, ensuring its longevity in storage.
Paint manufacturers can rely on Orgal Orgawhite 2000 to enhance the quality and performance of their water-based paints.
Its use as an opacifier is a strategic choice for achieving optimal results in various coating applications.
Orgal Orgawhite 2000 continues to play a crucial role in the paint and coatings industry by enabling cost-effective, high-performance formulations that meet both environmental and performance standards.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Composition: Styrene acrylic copolymer.
Opacifying Agent: Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is primarily used as an opacifier in water-based paints and coatings.
Ammonia-Free: It does not contain ammonia hydroxide, making it environmentally friendly and safe to use.
Formaldehyde-Free: Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is free from formaldehyde, reducing potential health and environmental concerns.
APEO-Free: It does not contain alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs), contributing to its sustainability and safety.
Non-Film-Forming: This styrene acrylic copolymer does not form a film when applied in coatings.
Particle Formation: When dried, Orgal Orgawhite 2000 forms hollow air-filled particles.
Low Surface Area: It has a very low surface area, reducing the demand for binders in paint formulations.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled and respiratory distress occurs, remove the affected person to an area with fresh air.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing.
Wash the affected area with plenty of water and mild soap for at least 15 minutes.
If irritation, redness, or other skin issues develop, seek medical advice.


Eye Contact:

If Orgal Orgawhite 2000 comes into contact with the eyes, rinse them gently with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding eyelids open.
Seek immediate medical attention, especially if irritation or pain persists.


Ingestion:

If swallowed accidentally, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth with water and drink plenty of water or milk if the person is conscious.
Seek immediate medical attention, and have the SDS or product label available for reference.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, to minimize contact with the product.

Ventilation:
Use in a well-ventilated area or under local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.

Avoid Skin Contact:
Avoid skin contact with the product.
In case of contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.

Eye Protection:
Use safety goggles or a face shield to protect against potential eye contact.
In case of eye contact, rinse immediately with plenty of water.

Respiratory Protection:
Depending on the product's form and handling procedures, respiratory protection may be necessary.
Follow applicable respiratory protection regulations.

Handling Equipment:
Utilize appropriate handling equipment, such as pumps or dispensers, to minimize the risk of spills or splashes.

Avoid Ingestion:
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the product, and avoid ingesting any traces of it.


Storage:

Temperature:
Store Orgal Orgawhite 2000 in a cool, dry place at temperatures recommended on the product's label or SDS.

Ventilation:
Ensure storage areas are well-ventilated to prevent the accumulation of vapors or fumes.

Separation:
Store Orgal Orgawhite 2000 away from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, bases, or oxidizing agents, to prevent chemical reactions.

Container:
Keep the product in its original container, tightly closed to prevent contamination and moisture ingress.

Labeling:
Ensure containers are clearly labeled with the product name, hazard information, and safety instructions.

Flammable Materials:
If Orgal Orgawhite 2000 is flammable or combustible, store it away from open flames, sparks, or ignition sources.

Shelf Life:
Check the maximum shelf life specified by the manufacturer and use older stock first to ensure product freshness and effectiveness.


ORGAL P 056V
ORGAL P 056V is an APEO-free, acrylic polymer designed for formulating high quality stain blocking primers for wood, walls, ceilings and metal surfaces.
ORGAL P 056V is a type of acrylic emulsion polymer.
ORGAL P 056V acrylic emulsions are used in a variety of applications, including paints, coatings, adhesives, and textiles.

CAS Number: 105-59-9
EINECS Number: 203-312-7

Synonyms: Orgal P 74 S, Orgal Duraflex 84 S, Orgal P 086VR, Orgal P 6830, Orgal PST 5010, Orgal PST 100 E, Orgal PST 100, Orgal PST 50 E, Orgal P 806 S, ORGAL P 056V, Orgal K 6459 E, Orgal K 6455 E, Orgal PR 9464, Orgal PR 845 A, ORGAL P 056V, Orgal P 888, Orgal P 878, Orgal P 850RR, Orgal P 850, Orgal P 838 W, Orgal P 8266, Orgal P 8240, Orgal P 826, Orgal P 808, Orgal P 050G, Orgal P 036V, Orgal P 6820, Orgal P 671, Orgal P 653, Orgal P 600, Orgal P 062 V, Orgal P 526, Orgal P 523V, Orgal PST 50 A, Orgal PR 667, Orgal PR 670, Orgal PST 65, Orgal ORGAWHITE 2000, ORGAL M 340, ORGAL M 420 (Akrilik), ORGAL HT 465 (HAZ), Orgal P 086V, Orgal P 090V, Orgal seks 3011, Orgal CX 3015-X, Orgal CX 3060, N-METHYLDIETHANOLAMINE, 105-59-9, Bis(hydroxyethyl)methylamine, Methyldiethanolamine, 2,2'-(Methylimino)diethanol, Methyl diethanolamine, Ethanol, 2,2'-(methylimino)bis-, 591248-66-7, N-Methylaminodiglycol, N-Methyliminodiethanol, N-Methyl-2,2'-iminodiethanol, 2,2'-Methyliminodiethanol, N-Methyldiethanolimine, 2-[2-hydroxyethyl(methyl)amino]ethanol, USAF DO-52, N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine, Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine, Methylbis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, Diethanolmethylamine, Methyliminodiethanol, Ethanol, 2,2'-(methylimino)di-, N-methyl diethanolamine, N,N-Di(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamine, Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) methyl amine, NSC 11690, 2-(N-2-Hydroxyethyl-N-methylamino)ethanol, 3IG3K131QJ

ORGAL P 056V 100% acrylic emulsion.
Specifically designed for use in solvent-free interior and/or exterior matt to semigloss wall paints with low odour.
ORGAL P 056V paints made with it gives very good scrub resistance compared to the other solvent-free binders.

ORGAL P 056V can be used in the formulations containing zinc oxide and is compatible with a variety of fillers and pigments.
ORGAL P 056V shows excellent stain blocking property, adhesion on wood, resistance to flash rusting.
ORGAL P 056V is APEO free 100% acrylic emulsion.

Possesses very good mud-crack resistance in solvent free formulations even at high PVC ranges.
Exhibits coalescent free film formation, high pigment-binding capacity.
These polymers are known for their excellent adhesion, flexibility, water resistance, and durability.

Specifically designed for use in solvent-free interior and/or exterior matt to semigloss wall paints with low odour.
VOC-free paints made with ORGAL P 056V gives very good scrub resistance compared to the other solvent-free binders.
Possesses very good mud-crack resistance in solvent free formulations even at high PVC ranges.

Exhibits coalescent free film formation, high pigment-binding capacity.
ORGAL P 056V is an APEO free styrene acrylic emulsion specifically designed for use in solvent-free interior and/or exterior matt to semigloss wall paints with low odour.
In the formulation of low VOC and solvent-free paints, a good film forming can be achieved without a coalescing agent.

ORGAL P 056V, also known as N-methyl diethanolamine and more commonly as MDEA, is the organic compound with the formula CH3N(C2H4OH)2.
ORGAL P 056V is a colorless liquid with an ammonia odor.
ORGAL P 056V is miscible with water, ethanol and benzene.

A tertiary amine, ORGAL P 056V is widely used as a sweetening agent in chemical, oil refinery, syngas production and natural gas.
Similar compounds are ORGAL P 056V, a primary amine, and diethanolamine (DEA), a secondary amine, both of which are also used for amine gas treating.
ORGAL P 056V's defining characteristic when compared to these other amines is its ability to preferentially remove H2S (and strip CO2) from sour gas streams.

ORGAL P 056V's popularity as a solvent for gas treating stems from several advantages it has when compared to other alkanolamines.
One of these advantages is a low vapor pressure, which allows for high amine compositions without appreciable losses through the absorber and regenerator.
ORGAL P 056V is also resistant to thermal and chemical degradation and is largely immiscible with hydrocarbons.

ORGAL P 056V is a common base note in perfumes to allow the fragrance to last.
Lastly, ORGAL P 056V has a relatively low heat of reaction with hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, which allows for lower reboiler duties, thus lower operating costs.
ORGAL P 056V is used in coatings for concrete floors and walls, offering durability and resistance to abrasion and chemicals.

ORGAL P 056V is utilized in the production of PSAs for tapes, labels, and stickers due to its strong tack and peel adhesion properties.
ORGAL P 056V is used in formulating adhesives for construction materials, providing strong bonding for substrates like wood, metal, and plastics.
Applied to fabrics to impart water resistance, flame retardancy, and enhanced durability without affecting the fabric’s texture and flexibility.

ORGAL P 056V is used as a binder in nonwoven fabrics for hygiene products, filtration materials, and geotextiles, providing strength and structural integrity.
Formulated into sealants used for sealing joints and gaps in buildings, offering flexibility, weather resistance, and adhesion to various substrates.

Chemical Composition: S/AC
MFFT (°C): <3
pH: 8.0 - 9.0
Total Solids (%): 50 ± 1
Tg (°C): 5
Brookfield Viscosity (mPas): max.3000
Appearance: Opal white emulsion
Polymer Structure: S/AC

ORGAL P 056V is an APEO-free, acrylic polymer designed for formulating high quality stain blocking primers for wood, walls, ceilings and metal surfaces.
ORGAL P 056V can be used in the formulations containing zinc oxide and is compatible with a variety of fillers and pigments.
ORGAL P 056V shows excellent stain blocking property, adhesion on wood, resistance to flash rusting.

ORGAL P 056V is used in automotive applications to seal seams and joints, providing durability and resistance to heat and automotive fluids.
ORGAL P 056V is often subject to research and development efforts aimed at improving its performance characteristics or expanding its application range.
Incorporation of nanoparticles to enhance properties like scratch resistance, thermal stability, and antimicrobial activity.

Development of bio-based or eco-friendly variants to reduce environmental impact and enhance sustainability.
Integration into smart coatings that can respond to environmental stimuli such as temperature, pH, or mechanical stress, providing functionalities like self-healing or color change.
Manufacturers and suppliers of ORGAL P 056V typically offer extensive technical support to help customers optimize formulations and application processes.

Help in designing formulations that meet specific performance requirements.
Access to testing services to evaluate the performance of the formulated products under various conditions.
Provision of training sessions and educational materials to ensure proper handling, application, and safety practices.

ORGAL P 056V is suitable for interior tannin/stain blocking primers, wood primers, primer undercoats, and primers with flash and early rusting resistance on metal surfaces.
ORGAL P 056V has a maximum shelf life of 12 months.
ORGAL P 056V is less reactive towards CO2, but has an equilibrium loading capacity approaching 1 mole CO2 per mole amine.

ORGAL P 056V also requires less energy to regenerate.
To combine the advantages of ORGAL P 056V and the smaller amines, MDEA is usually mixed with a catalytic promoter such as piperazine, PZ, or a fast reacting amine such as MEA to retain reactivity, but lower regeneration costs.
ORGAL P 056V or aMDEA uses piperazine as a catalyst to increase the speed of the reaction with CO2.

ORGAL P 056V has been commercially successful.
Many tests have been done on the performance of ORGAL P 056V or MDEA/piperazine mixtures compared to single amines.
CO2 production rates were higher than ORGAL P 056V for the same heat duty and total molar concentration when experiments were performed in the University of Regina pilot plant, which is a modeled after a natural gas plant.

There were also insignificant trace amounts of degradation products detected.
However, when the same control variables and tests were conducted at the Boundary Dam Power Station plant, the CO2 production rate for the mixed solvent was lower than ORGAL P 056V.
This was a result of the reduction in the capacity of the solvent to absorb CO2 after degradation.

Uses:
ORGAL P 056V is used in automotive applications to seal seams and joints, providing durability and resistance to heat and automotive fluids.
ORGAL P 056V is used in protective coatings for various surfaces, offering resistance to environmental factors such as moisture, chemicals, and abrasion.
Formulated for decorative purposes, providing aesthetic finishes with durability and protection.

Applied in paper and cardboard coatings to enhance properties such as gloss, smoothness, and printability.
ORGAL P 056V is used in packaging films to provide barrier properties and improve the appearance of packaged goods.
ORGAL P 056V is used as a modifier in cement and concrete formulations to improve properties such as adhesion, flexibility, and durability.

Formulated in adhesives for tiles, offering strong bonding and resistance to moisture and temperature variations.
ORGAL P 056V is used in coatings for wooden furniture to enhance appearance, protect against wear and tear, and provide resistance to environmental factors.
Applied in wood floor coatings for durability, scratch resistance, and ease of maintenance.

ORGAL P 056V is used in automotive paints and coatings for its excellent adhesion, durability, and resistance to environmental factors.
Formulated in coatings for interior automotive components to provide a durable and aesthetically pleasing finish.
ORGAL P 056V is used in coatings for boats and marine structures, offering protection against water, salt, and other harsh marine conditions.

Applied in coatings for industrial machinery to protect against wear, corrosion, and chemical exposure.
ORGAL P 056V is used in coatings for various industrial equipment, providing durability and resistance to harsh operating conditions.
Formulated in DIY products for home repair and improvement, offering easy application and reliable performance.

ORGAL P 056V is used in decorative finishes for home interiors and exteriors, providing both protection and aesthetic enhancement.
Ideal for use in ceiling paints due to its ability to provide a smooth, matte finish with excellent coverage.
ORGAL P 056V is used as a base coat to prepare surfaces for painting, ensuring better adhesion and a uniform finish.

Ensures long-lasting protection for machinery and equipment exposed to harsh industrial environments.
Provides a protective barrier to prevent rust and corrosion on metal surfaces.
ORGAL P 056V is used in automotive underbody coatings to protect against corrosion, road salts, and mechanical damage.

Ensures good adhesion and durability on plastic parts used in automotive interiors and exteriors.
Applied to the hulls of boats and ships to protect against water damage, fouling, and marine growth.
Provides a non-slip, durable surface on ship decks that can withstand harsh marine conditions.

ORGAL P 056V is used in coatings for aircraft interiors, providing a durable and aesthetically pleasing finish that meets stringent aviation standards.
Provides protection to the exterior surfaces of aircraft from environmental factors and mechanical wear.
ORGAL P 056V is used in protective coatings for PCBs to prevent moisture and dust ingress, ensuring reliable performance.

Provides protective encapsulation for electronic components, safeguarding them from environmental factors.
ORGAL P 056V is used in coatings for kitchen and bathroom cabinets to provide a durable, moisture-resistant finish.
Provides UV and weather resistance for outdoor wood furniture, maintaining appearance and structural integrity.

ORGAL P 056V is used as a binder in printing inks to provide good adhesion, color retention, and print quality.
Applied as a protective layer over printed materials to enhance gloss and resistance to abrasion.
ORGAL P 056V is used in coatings for EIFS to provide a protective, weather-resistant finish.

Applied to roofs to provide waterproofing, UV protection, and increased longevity.
ORGAL P 056V is used in coatings for appliances like refrigerators and washing machines, providing durability and a cleanable surface.
Provides a safe, durable, and colorful finish for children's toys and playground equipment.

ORGAL P 056V is used in coatings for farm machinery and equipment, providing protection against weather, chemicals, and mechanical wear.
Applied in coatings for greenhouse structures to provide UV protection and durability.
ORGAL P 056V is used in coatings for food packaging materials to provide moisture resistance and maintain product integrity.

Provides protective coatings for industrial packaging materials, ensuring durability during transportation and storage.
ORGAL P 056V is used in coatings for medical devices and equipment to provide a durable, sterilizable finish.
Applied in coatings for hygiene products like disposable gloves and gowns, providing barrier properties and durability.

Formulated into artist paints for use in fine arts, providing vibrant colors and excellent workability.
ORGAL P 056V is used in coatings for various craft materials, providing durability and aesthetic enhancement.
Applied to basement walls and floors to provide a waterproof barrier and prevent moisture ingress.

Provides waterproofing and UV protection for exposed outdoor surfaces.
ORGAL P 056V is used in formulations that allow for easy removal of graffiti, protecting surfaces from vandalism.
ORGAL P 056V is a specialty acrylic emulsion polymer designed for use in various coating and adhesive applications.

ORGAL P 056V is typically used in formulations that require a balance of performance and environmental compliance.
ORGAL P 056V can be used in combination with other polymers and additives to achieve the desired properties in the final product.
ORGAL P 056V is used in formulating interior wall paints that require good washability, stain resistance, and aesthetic appeal.

Ideal for exterior coatings due to its UV resistance and durability, protecting surfaces from harsh weather conditions.
Provides excellent adhesion and corrosion resistance for metal surfaces, suitable for industrial machinery and structures.
Utilized in coatings for concrete floors and walls, offering durability and resistance to abrasion and chemicals.

ORGAL P 056V is used in the production of tapes, labels, and stickers due to its strong tack and peel adhesion properties.
Formulated for strong bonding in construction materials such as wood, metal, and plastics.
Applied in packaging applications for bonding various substrates like paper, cardboard, and plastics.

Applied to fabrics to provide water resistance, flame retardancy, and enhanced durability without compromising texture and flexibility.
ORGAL P 056Vis used as a binder in nonwoven fabrics for hygiene products, filtration materials, and geotextiles, providing strength and structural integrity.
Formulated into sealants for sealing joints and gaps in buildings, offering flexibility, weather resistance, and adhesion to various substrates.

Safety Profile:
ORGAL P 056V is use safety goggles or face shield to protect eyes.
Inhalation of aerosol or mist may cause respiratory tract irritation.
ORGAL P 056V is use in well-ventilated areas or with appropriate respiratory protection.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using this product.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Though generally low in VOCs, improper disposal can have environmental impacts.

Avoid release into the environment.
Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations.
Wash with plenty of soap and water.

If skin irritation or rash occurs, seek medical advice/attention.
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.

If eye irritation persists, get medical advice/attention.
Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
If breathing is difficult, seek medical attention immediately.

Prolonged or repeated contact with the skin may cause irritation or dermatitis.
Wear protective gloves and avoid direct skin contact.
Can cause eye irritation upon contact.


ORGAL P 062V
Orgal P 062V is acrylic, vinyl acrylic and styrene acrylic, APEO-free, MIT-free polymer emulsions for interior/exterior wall coatings and artists’ paints.


Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Vinyl Acrylics
Chemical Composition: Vinyl-Acrylic Copolymer Emulsion


Orgal P 062V is a low-emissivity, APEO-free, vinyl-acrylic copolymer dispersion specially formulated for use in the production of environmentally friendly, solvent-free interior paints with excellent hydrophobicity and wet abrasion resistance, excellent hiding power, good adhesion, and low odor.
Orgal P 062V is acrylic, vinyl acrylic and styrene acrylic, APEO-free, MIT-free polymer emulsions for interior/exterior wall coatings and artists’ paints.


Orgal P 062V is Vinyl Acetate-Acrylic Copolymer.
Orgal P 062V has low emission, APEO free, vinyl-acrylic copolymer emulsion.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL P 062V:
Orgal P 062V can be used as a binder for all types of low-emissivity wall coverings.
VOC-free paints based on and with Orgal P 062V have excellent abrasion resistance, crack resistance, stain resistance in all solvent-free paint formulations in the medium to high OCP content range.


Orgal P 062V is a low-emissivity, APEO-free, vinyl-acrylic copolymer dispersion specially formulated for use in the production of environmentally friendly, solvent-free interior paints with excellent hydrophobicity and wet abrasion resistance, excellent hiding power, good adhesion, and low odor.
Orgal P 062V is used in paint formulations with low VOC (volatile organic compounds) levels, in solvent-free paints where good film formation is achieved without the aid of coalescents.


Applications & Uses of Orgal P 062V: markets, and Building & Construction.
Application Areas of Orgal P 062V: Chemical Resistance,
DIY Paints, Gloss / Trim Paints, Joinery Coatings, Sandable Sealers / Primers, and Wood Stains


Orgal P 062V is used Building & Construction — Building Envelope & Roofing, and Architectural Coatings.
Orgal P 062V is a low-emissivity, APEO-free, vinyl-acrylic copolymer dispersion specially formulated for use in the production of environmentally friendly, solvent-free interior paints with excellent hydrophobicity and wet abrasion resistance, excellent hiding power, good adhesion and low odor.


Orgal P 062V is used in paint formulations with low VOC (volatile organic compounds) levels, in solvent-free paints where good film formation is achieved without the aid of coalescents.
Application Areas of Orgal P 062V: Matt Paints, and Solvent Free.


Orgal P 062V is used as the primary binder for all kind of low emission wall paints.
Orgal P 062V is specifically designed for use in solvent-free wall paints with very good water resistance and scrub resistances, very good application properties, good adhesion and low odour.


While formulating low VOC and solvent-free paints, a good film forming can be achieved without coalescing agents.
VOC free paints made with Orgal P 062V gives very good scrub resistance, mud-crack resistance in solvent free formulations from medium to high PVC range.
Orgal P 062V exhibits coalescent free film formation, low dirt pick-up, very good adhesion and water resistance.



PERFORMANCE OF ORGAL P 062V:
*Interior Paints
*Excellent



CHEMICAL FAMİLY OF ORGAL P 062V:
*Acrylics,
*Acrylates & Methacrylates,
*Vinyls,
*Vinylics & Vinyl Derivatives



PRODUCT TYPE OF ORGAL P 062V:
*Coating
*Technologies
*Ready-to-Use Products



PRODUCT FAMILIES OF ORGAL P 062V:
*Ready-to-Use Products — Paints & Coatings
*Other Paints & Coatings



FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF ORGAL P 062V:
*Labeling Claims
*Formaldehyde-free,
*Low VOC,
*Other Labeling Claims



CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGAL P 062V:
*Excellent abrasion resistance
*Film formation without coalescents
*Excellent adhesion
*Excellent water resistance
*Free from APEO, Formaldehyde and Ammonia
*Excellent dirt and crack resistance
*Low dust accumulation
*Easy to apply.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL P 062V:
Chemical Composition: AC
Total Solids (% ±1): 43
pH: 7.5
Viscosity (mPa.s max): 400
MFFT (°C): 14
Tg (°C): 25
Appearance: White viscous liquid
Product 2: ORGAL P 062V
Chemical Composition: VA/AC
Total Solids (% ±1): 53
pH: 4.0
Viscosity (mPa.s max): 4,000

MFFT (°C): <3
Tg (°C): 11
Appearance: White emulsion
Additional Information (General)
Appearance: White emulsion
Total Solids (% ±1): 53
pH: 4.0 - 5.5
Viscosity (Brookfield RVT 3/20, mPa.s): 2,500 ± 1,500
MFFT (°C): <3
Tg (°C): 11
Brookfield Viscosity (mPas): 2,500 ± 1,500
Performance: Excellent for Interior Paints



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL P 062V:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL P 062V:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL P 062V:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL P 062V:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL P 062V:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL P 062V:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


ORGAL P 526
Orgal P 526 is good pigment binding power
Orgal P 526 is a vinyl-VeoVa copolymer emulsion


Product Type: Vinyls > Vinyl Acetate Polymer Emulsions
Chemical Composition: Vinyl VeoVa copolymer emulsion


Orgal P 526 is a 55% solids, APEO, ammonia, plasticizer and coalescent free copolymer emulsion of vinyl acetate and the vinyl ester of versatic acid (VeoVa).
Orgal P 526 acts as a binder for aqueous paints.


Orgal P 526 frms crack-free films when dried above 11°C, which are clear and have a good flexibility.
Orgal P 526 exhibits very good gloss capability, rheology, water resistance, pigment binding.
Orgal P 526 is completely dried films possesses a good water, alkali and UV resistance.


Orgal P 526 is a Vinyl Acetate-Vinyl Versatate Copolymer.
Orgal P 526 is a aqueous dispersion of a copolymer based on vinyl acetate and vinyl versatate.
Orgal P 526 is a vinyl-VeoVa copolymer emulsion


Orgal P 526 forms clear, flexible, crack-free films when dried above 11°C
Orgal P 526 is free from APEO, ammonia, plasticizer and coalescent
Dried film has a good water, alkali and UV resistance


Orgal P 526 is good pigment binding power
Orgal P 526 is an APEO, ammonia, plasticizer and coalescent free copolymer emulsion of vinyl acetate and vinyl ester of a long-chain branched carboxylic acid (VeoVa).


Orgal P 526 forms crack-free films when dried above 11°C.
The films are clear with a good flexibility.
Orgal P 526 is a fine particle size emulsion of medium viscosity. Completely dried film has a good water, alkali and UV resistance.


Orgal P 526 has a good pigment binding power and is suitable for the
manufacture of exterior, interior paints, matt, semigloss, thixotropic paints, plasters and textured coatings.
Orgal P 526 is a aqueous dispersion of a copolymer based on vinyl acetate and vinyl versatate.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL P 526:
Orgal P 526 is an APEO, ammonia, plasticizer and coalescent free terpolymer of vinyl acetate / vinyl ester of a long-chain branched carboxylic acid and acrylic.
Orgal P 526 has a good pigment binding power and is suitable for the manufacture of exterior, interior paints, matt, semi-gloss, thixotropic paints, plasters and textured coatings.


The aqueous dispersion of Orgal P 526 is characterized by high binding capacity, good water resistance and resistance to saponification, recommended for the production of matte and semi-matte paints for interior and exterior use with good rheological properties.
Due to its distinctive properties, Orgal P 526 is widely used for the production of fire-retardant PCs.


Applications of Orgal P 526: Building & Construction — Building Envelope & Roofing, and Architectural Coatings
Orgal P 526 forms crack-free films when dried above 11°C.
The films are clear with a good flexibility.


Orgal P 526 exhibits very good gloss capability, rheology, water resistance, pigment binding.
Orgal P 526 is completely dried films possesses a good water, alkali and UV resistance.
Orgal P 526 is used for the manufacture of interior and exterior paints, matt, semigloss, thixotropic paints, plasters and textured coatings.



CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGAL P 526:
Orgal P 526 is a dispersion with small particle size and medium viscosity.
The fully dried film has good water resistance, alkali resistance and UV resistance.

When drying above 11 °C, cracks do not form on the film.
The resulting film has high whiteness and good flexibility.

The variance has:
*Excellent rheology;
*Good water resistance;
*High pigment cohesiveness;
*Wide range of applications.



PROPERTIES OF ORGAL P 526:
 Very good gloss capability
 Excellent rheology
 Excellent water resistance
 Excellent pigment binding
 Broad range of applications



HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE OF ORGAL P 526:
To ensure safe storage of Orgal P 526, containers should be well sealed to prevent the water evaporation and skin forming.
Orgal P 526 must be stored between 5-25°C for a maximum of 12
months and freezing must be avoided.



CHEMICAL FAMILY OF ORGAL P 526:
*Acrylics,
*Acrylates & Methacrylates,
*Vinyls,
*Vinylics & Vinyl Derivatives



PRODUCT TYPE OF ORGAL P 526:
*Coating
*Technologies
*Ready-to-Use Products
*Product Families
*Ready-to-Use Products — Paints & Coatings
*Other Paints & Coatings



FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF ORGAL P 526:
*Labeling Claims
*Formaldehyde-free,
*Other Labeling Claims
*Applications & Uses
*Markets
*Building & Construction



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL P 526:
General Information
Chemical Composition: VA/VV
Total Solids (% ±1): 55 ± 1
pH: 4.0 - 6.0
Brookfield Viscosity (mPas): 2,000 - 5,000
MFFT (°C): 11 ± 1
Tg (°C): 25
Appearance: Milky white emulsion
Polymer Structure: VA/VV
Detailed Information

Appearance: White emulsion / Milky white liquid
Solid Content (% ±1): 49 - 51
pH: 4 - 6
Viscosity (Brookfield RVT 6/20, cps): 2,000 - 5,000
Density (25°C, g/cm³) ± 0.01: 1.08
MFFT (°C): ~11
Tg (°C): ~24
Storage Stability: Protect from freezing
Brookfield Viscosity (mPa×s): 4,000 ± 1,500
Product Type: Vinyls > Vinyl Acetate Polymer Emulsions
Chemical Composition: Vinyl VeoVa Copolymer Emulsion
Physical Form: Liquid



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL P 526:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL P 526:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL P 526:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL P 526:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL P 526:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL P 526:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


ORGAL P 671
Orgal P 671 is a APEO free, high concentration vinyl-acrylic copolymer emulsion.
Orgal P 671 also possesses very good scrub resistance and good outdoor durability.


Chemical Family: Acrylics, Acrylates & Methacrylates, Vinyls, Vinylics & Vinyl Derivatives
Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Vinyl Acrylics
Chemical Composition: Vinyl-Acrylic Copolymer


Orgal P 671 is Vinyl Acetate-Acrylic Copolymer.
Orgal P 671 is a APEO free, high concentration vinyl-acrylic copolymer emulsion.
Orgal P 671 forms a clear, medium hard, and glossy film when dried above 10°C.


Orgal P 671 possesses superior pigment binding thus allowing very high scrub resistance even at high PVC levels.
Orgal P 671 is versatile and easy to formulate.
Orgal P 671 also possesses very good scrub resistance and good outdoor durability.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL P 671:
Orgal P 671 also possesses very good scrub resistance and good outdoor durability.
Orgal P 671 is used for broad range of applications, for most interior coatings from flat to semi-gloss, textured coatings, primers and plasters.



PERFORMANCE OF ORGAL P 671:
*Plaster / Putty
*Excellent



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL P 671:
Chemical Composition: Vinyl-Acrylic Copolymer
Total Solids (% ±1): 55
pH: 4.5 - 5.5
Brookfield Viscosity (mPas max): 500
MFFT (°C): 10 ± 1
Tg (°C): 17
Appearance: White emulsion
Polymer Structure: VA / AC
Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Vinyl Acrylics
Physical Form: Liquid



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL P 671:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL P 671:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL P 671:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL P 671:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL P 671:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL P 671:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


ORGAL P 6820
Orgal P 6820 is a versatile and easy to formulate, APEO and ammonia free, vinyl copolymer emulsion that forms clear, tack-free and tough films when dried above 12°C.


Chemical Family: Acrylics, Acrylates & Methacrylates, Vinyls, Vinylics & Vinyl Derivatives
Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Vinyl Acrylics
Chemical Composition: Vinyl acetate/acrylate


Orgal P 6820 is a high-performance, APEO-free, ammonia-free, easy to formulate, vinyl acetate/acrylate copolymer that forms clear, tack-free and tough films when dried above 12°C.
Orgal P 6820 exhibits superior pigment binding power that provides excellent scrub resistance even at high PVC levels.


Orgal P 6820 offers excellent scrub- and water resistance as well as excellent film formation and adhesion.
Orgal P 6820 is recommended for interior architectural paints and is suitable for eggshell semi-gloss paints.


Orgal P 6820 is a versatile and easy to formulate, APEO and ammonia free, vinyl copolymer emulsion that forms clear, tack-free and tough films when dried above 12°C.
Orgal P 6820 has a new-generation emulsion with superior pigment binding power that provides excellent scrub resistance even at high PVC levels.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL P 6820:
Applications of Orgal P 6820: Building & Construction — Building Envelope & Roofing and Architectural Coatings.
Orgal P 6820 exhibits superior pigment binding power that provides excellent scrub resistance even at high PVC levels.

Orgal P 6820 offers excellent scrub- and water resistance as well as excellent film formation and adhesion.
Orgal P 6820 is recommended for interior architectural paints and is suitable for eggshell semi-gloss paints.



CHEMICAL FAMILY OF ORGAL P 6820:
*Acrylics, Acrylates & Methacrylates,
*Vinyls, Vinylics & Vinyl Derivatives



PRODUCT TYPE OF ORGAL P 6820:
*Coating
*Technologies
*Ready-to-Use Products
*Product Families
*Ready-to-Use Products — Paints & Coatings
*Other Paints & Coatings



FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF ORGAL P 6820:
*Labeling Claims
*Formaldehyde-free,
*Other Labeling Claims
*Applications & Uses
*Markets
*Building & Construction



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL P 6820:
Appearance: White Emulsion
Solid Content (%_1): 55
Viscosity (Brookfield LVT 2/60): 500 cps max.
pH: 4.5 - 5.5
Density (25°C, g/cm³): 1.08 ± 0.01
MFFT (°C): 12
Tg (°C): 20
Storage Stability: Protect from freezing
Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Vinyl Acrylics
Chemical Composition: Vinyl acetate/acrylate
Physical Form: Emulsion



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL P 6820:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL P 6820:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL P 6820:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL P 6820:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL P 6820:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL P 6820:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


ORGAL P 806 S
Orgal P 806 S Orgal P 806 S by Organik Kimya is a styrene acrylic copolymer. Orgal P 806 S is suitable for primers. Recommended for architectural exterior paints, textured paints, EIFS topcoats and elastomeric wall paints. It is in-line with VOC regulations, phasing out formaldehyde, ammonia and other restricted substances. Orgal P 806 S are water based polymers that can be produced from styrene and various acrylate esters such as methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, acrylic acid, etc. By selecting the appropriate hard (ie styrene) and soft monomers, polymers with specific attributes for a variety of end-use applications can be built. Orgal P 806 S are versatile because of the building blocks and Tg that can be created. All of the different acrylic monomers can be used to build a random copolymer. Suppliers continue to develop new monomers for use by the synthetic emulsion polymers industry. Because of the wide variety of properties that can be achieved, Orgal P 806 S find use in every market where water-based systems are used. Resin-supported emulsions Resin-supported emulsions (RSE) are a unique subset of Orgal P 806 S. An emulsion is built on an alkali soluble resin that results in a vehicle with low MFFT relative to the polymers Tg. These products have much of the same flexibility and broad applicability as do Orgal P 806 S. Benefits: UV resistance Broad tensile/elongation balance Crosslinkable Good adhesion to common substrate Celanese manufactures Orgal P 806 S dispersions for use in a variety of industrial and consumer end-use applications, including: architectural decorative coatings such construction products as ceramic tile adhesives, fillers, putties and elastomeric roof coatings glass-fiber secondary binder applications, such as wall coverings Orgal P 806 S dispersions have a limited availability. Please check with your Celanese representative for current statuses. View specific products and product grades throughout our website as well. Orgal P 806 S is a water-based dispersion emulsion of styrene acrylic copolymer. It is a surfactant stabilized colloid free emulsion that has excellent pigment loading characteristics, alkali resistance, and good binding capacity to hold texture aggregates. This product is used for producing semi gloss to matt finish emulsion paint, interior and exterior architectural structure. Orgal P 806 S are used as binder for interior and exterior paints due to their outstanding pigment binding properties. Orgal P 806 S offer ideal gloss, film strength, durability and resistance to removal by detergents. Coatings based on styrene acrylate emulsions display excellent U.V stability and resistance to water, and alkalis. It is important to note that increasing the styrene content in styrene/acrylic copolymers may impair the water absorption and elasticity of the film. These coatings require very low maintenance as they have low tendency to pick up dirt and show good film flexibility and hardness. Orgal P 806 S are considered as a significant component of floor finishes. Majorly used in architectural/decorative paints for interior and exterior wall coatings, gloss paints for kitchen and bath, façades etc. followed by the wood and furniture industry. An aqueous coating composition comprising a mixture of: (i) an aqueous emulsion of a first polymeric film-forming resin; and (ii) a second polymeric film-forming resin comprising an organic solution of a plasticised Orgal P 806 S emulsified in water. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plasticised Orgal P 806 S is present in an amount of greater than or equal to 2 wt% and less than or equal to 15 wt%, preferably greater than or equal to 3 wt% and less than or equal to 7 wt% based on the total weight of the composition. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the Orgal P 806 S is derivable by polymerisation of a monomer mixture comprising one or more alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers and one or more optionally substituted styrene comonomers. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the styrene-acrylic copolymer is derivable from a monomer mixture comprising greater than or equal to 30 wt% and less than or equal to 60 wt% of one or more alkyl (meth)acrylate comonomers and greater than or equal to 40 wt% and less than or equal to 70 wt% of one or more optionally substituted styrene comonomers. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the one or more alkyl (meth)acrylates comprises one or more C1 to C8 alkyl (meth)acrylates. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the one or more optionally substituted styrene monomers are selected from one or more of unsubstituted styrene and C1 to C6 alkyl substituted styrene. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the Orgal P 806 S is essentially not cross-linked. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the Orgal P 806 S has a weight averaged molecular weight of greater than or equal to 50,000 Daltons. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the Orgal P 806 S has a weight averaged molecular weight of less than or equal to 200,000 Daltons. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio by weight of the first polymeric film-forming resin to the plasticised Orgal P 806 S is 2:1 to 1:4. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first polymeric film-forming resin is selected from an acrylic resin, a styrene-acrylic resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, a polyurethane resin, an alkyd resin or a polyalkyl siloxane. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first polymeric film-forming resin is an acrylic resin. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first polymeric film-forming resin is a copolymer. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first polymeric film-forming resin is present in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 2 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the first polymeric film-forming resin is essentially a non-thickening polymeric resin. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims further including a thickening agent. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the first polymeric film-forming resin has a weight average molecular weight of greater than or equal to 225,000 Daltons and less than or equal to 600,000 Daltons. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said coating composition further includes one or more pigments. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said coating composition further includes one or more extenders. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the aqueous coating composition has a solids content of from 30 to 75 wt% based on the total weight of the composition. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the aqueous coating composition consists essentially of: (i) 1 to 20 wt% of the first polymeric film-forming resin; (ii) 2 to 15 wt% of the plasticised Orgal P 806 S; (iii) 5 to 25 wt% of one or more pigments; (iv) 30 to 60 wt% of one or more extenders; (v) 0.1 to 7 wt% of one or more thickeners; (vi) 0 to 6 wt% of one or more adjuvants selected from antibacterial agents, antifoaming agents, pH regulators, wetting agents and dry film protection agents; (vii) 3 to 8 wt% of an organic solvent; and (viii) water present in an amount of greater than or equal to 10 wt% based on the total weight of the aqueous coating composition, such that the sum of the percent by weight of each of the components (i) to (viii) totals 100% by weight. An aqueous coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the aqueous coating composition is in the form of a water based paint. Product Spectrum Product Name : Orgal P 806 S Chemical Composition of Orgal P 806 S: AC Total Solids of Orgal P 806 S(%±1) : 60 pH of Orgal P 806 S: 5.0-5.0 Viscosity of Orgal P 806 S(mPa.s max) : 2,000 MFFT of Orgal P 806 S(°C) : <0 Tg of Orgal P 806 S(°C) : -35 Application Areas of Orgal P 806 S Anticarbonation Coatings : Suitable Elastomeric Wall Coatings : Excellent Textured Coatings : Excellent Orgal P 806 S Technical Datasheet Orgal P 806 Sis a high solids, APEO-free acrylic polymer produced with UV crosslinking technology. Orgal P 806 Sis used to formulate elastomeric wall coatings having outstanding exterior durability, excellent elongation, tensile strength, crack bridging properties and dirt pick-up resistance. The grade does not turn yellow on UV exposure and exhibits crack resistance, very low water absorption, water vapor permeability, very low surface tack. Orgal P 806 Sshows adhesion over a variety of substrates. Orgal P 806 Sis internally plasticized which eliminates the need for external plasticizer. Orgal P 806 Shas a shelf life of 12 months. Product Type of Orgal P 806 SAcrylics & Acrylic Copolymers Chemical Composition of Orgal P 806 SAcrylic polymer Physical Form of Orgal P 806 SLiquid Architectural Coatings of Orgal P 806 S A broad range of all acrylics, styrene acrylics and vinyl acrylics for matt, semi-gloss and gloss interior and exterior paints. All new product developments are in line with the latest VOC regulations, phasing out formaldehyde, ammonia and other restricted substances. Orgal P 806 S Chemical Composition of Orgal P 806 S:AC Total Solids of Orgal P 806 S(%±1): 60 pH of Orgal P 806 S: 5.0 - 7.0 Viscosity of Orgal P 806 S(mPa.s, max) : 2,000 MFFT of Orgal P 806 S(°C): <0 Tg of Orgal P 806 S(°C): -35 In summary, the main features of the Orgal P 806 Sare as follows. • Orgal P 806 Sis a styrene acrylic polymer without APEO and without ammonia. • Orgal P 806 Soffers excellent interaction with various PU rheology organizers, • Orgal P 806 Sgives perfect color intensity with different dye systems, • Orgal P 806 Shas excellent adhesion to pigments and excellent resistance to friction, • Orgal P 806 Soffers very good adhesion on mineral surfaces, • Orgal P 806 Shas excellent water resistance, • Orgal P 806 Shas a low viscosity which facilitates the use in production facilities. Orgal P 806 S, which is the product of long-term studies on innovation and the use of new technologies, is an excellent choice for high quality paints as ammonia-free styrene acrylic polymer with reduced environmental effects. A method of preparing an aqueous coating composition as defined in any one of the preceding claims comprising contacting, preferably mixing, an aqueous emulsion of a first polymeric film-forming resin as defined in any one of the preceding claims with an organic solution of a plasticised Orgal P 806 S emulsified in water as defined in any one of the preceding claims. Suitably, the first polymeric film-forming resin as defined hereinafter is a conventional film-forming polymer resin, such as a vinylic or acrylic resin, employed in emulsion paints. Unexpectedly, it has been found that the inclusion of a second polymeric film-forming resin comprising an organic solution of a plasticised Orgal P 806 S emulsified in water in combination with an aqueous emulsion of the first polymeric film-forming resin typically provides an aqueous coating composition which exhibits improved adhesion and cohesion compared with a comparable aqueous coating composition which only includes either the first polymeric film-forming resin or the second polymeric film-forming resin. Suitably, the aqueous coating composition of the present invention may exhibit improved UV colour fastness, improved abrasion resistance and improved water resistance (i.e. scrub resistance) compared with waterborne counterpart compositions which include either the first polymeric film-forming resin or the second polymeric film-forming resin only. By the term "aqueous emulsion of a first polymeric film-forming resin" we mean the first film-forming resin is insoluble in water and is in the form of an aqueous colloidal dispersion. The second film-forming resin is dissolved in an organic solvent which is immiscible with water and the resultant organic solution emulsified in water. Preferably, the second film-forming resin is essentially an organic solution-in-water emulsion wherein the water is the predominant phase. Suitably, the aqueous coating compositions of the present invention are water based and so the main liquid component is water. Conventional emulsion paints usually comprise, as well as water, a minor amount of an organic solvent, such as 2,2,4-trimethyl 1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (Texanol™), Butyl Cellosolve™, or white spirit, to aid coalescence of the dispersed film - forming polymer. Preferably, the aqueous coating composition of the present invention includes less than or equal to 10 wt%, more preferably less than or equal to 8 wt%, even more preferably less than or equal to 5 wt%, even more preferably less than or equal to 3 wt%, based on the total weight of the aqueous coating composition, of organic solvents. Preferably, all of the organic solvent present in the aqueous coating composition is derived from the organic solvent-in-water emulsion of the plasticised Orgal P 806 S. Preferably, the aqueous composition of the present invention comprises greater than or equal to 10 wt%, more preferably greater than or equal to 15 wt%, even more preferably greater than or equal to 20 wt%, most preferably greater than or equal to 25 wt%, based on that total weight of the composition of water. Preferably, the aqueous composition of the present invention comprises less than or equal to 55 wt%, more preferably less than or equal to 45 wt%, even more preferably less than or equal to 35 wt%, most preferably less than or equal to 30 wt%, based on the total weight of the compositions, of water. It will be appreciated the organic solvent of the second film-forming resin forms the balance of the liquid phase of the aqueous coating composition of the present invention. Preferably, the plasticised Orgal P 806 S comprises less than or equal to 5 wt%, more preferably less than or equal to 3 wt%, most preferably less than or equal to 1 wt%, based on weight averaged molecular weight of the Orgal P 806 S, of one or more cross-linking comonomers. Most preferably, the Orgal P 806 S is non-crosslinked. Preferably, the plasticised Orgal P 806 S includes essentially no functional groups which may react with complimentary functional groups present in the first polymeric film-forming resin. Suitably, the resultant film formed from the aqueous coating composition is essentially non-crosslinked. The Orgal P 806 S is essentially a linear polymer. Preferably, the plasticised Orgal P 806 S itself (i.e. the Orgal P 806 S and plasticiser but not including the organic solvent and aqueous phase) is present in an amount of greater than or equal to 2 wt%, more preferably greater than or equal to 3 wt%, most preferably greater than or equal to 4 wt%, based on the total weight of the aqueous coating composition. Preferably, the plasticised Orgal P 806 S itself (i.e. the Orgal P 806 S and plasticiser but not including the organic solvent and aqueous phase) is present in an amount of less than or equal to 15 wt%, more preferably less than or equal to 10 wt%, most preferably less than or equal to 7 wt%, based on the total weight of the aqueous coating composition. The second polymeric film-forming resin comprising the Orgal P 806 S and plasticiser, and other non-aqueous soluble components if present, dissolved in an organic solvent, such as C9-C11 aliphatic hydrocarbons and the resultant organic solution is emulsified in an aqueous phase. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it is necessary to include the appropriate amount of such an organic solvent-in-water emulsion so that the overall content of the Orgal P 806 S itself, organic solvent and plasticiser, in the aqueous coating composition of the present invention falls within the preferred limits as defined herein. Suitably, such amounts may be determined by routine experimentation based on the known concentration of Orgal P 806 S, and organic solvent and plasticiser if present, in the Orgal P 806 S aqueous mixture. Although the Orgal P 806 S and plasticiser is in the form of an organic solvent-in-water emulsion, the Orgal P 806 S is essentially insoluble in water. The Orgal P 806 S is essentially formed from hydrophobic monomers as detailed hereinafter which typically have a solubility in water of less than 50 g/l at 25 °C and 1 bar. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S itself is present in an amount of greater than or equal to 10 wt% and less than or equal to 35 wt%, most preferably approximately 20 wt%, based on the total weight of the organic solution emulsified in water. Suitably, the organic solution of the Orgal P 806 S emulsified in water comprises less than or equal to 65 wt% and greater than or equal to 35 wt%, most preferably approximately 45 wt% of water. Suitably, the organic solution of the Orgal P 806 S emulsified in water comprises between 5 to 20 wt%, most preferably 15 wt% of an organic solvent. Suitably, the organic solution of the Orgal P 806 S emulsified in water comprises between 5 to 30 wt%, most preferably approximately 20 wt% of a plasticiser, based on the total weight of the organic solution emulsified in water. Suitable organic solvents are well known to those skilled in the art and include 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-peritanediol monoisobutyrate (Texanol™), Butyl Cellosolve™ and white spirit. Suitably, when the Orgal P 806 S is in the form of an aqueous mixture as defined herein, the aqueous mixture comprising 20 wt% of the Orgal P 806 S, 20% plasticiser, 45 wt% water and 15 wt% organic solvent has a Brookfield viscosity of (spindle number 1 at 60 rpm and at 25 °C) of greater than or equal to 30 cps and less than or equal to 60 cps, more preferably greater than or equal to 40 cps and less than or equal to 50 cps. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S is formed by polymerisation of a monomer mixture comprising one or more acrylic monomers as defined herein with one or more optionally substituted styrene monomers as defined herein. Preferred acrylic monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and the esters of such acids. Preferred esters include alkyl (meth)acrylates which term refers to the corresponding acrylate or methacrylate ester which are usually formed from the corresponding acrylic or methacrylic acids by reaction with an alkanol. In other words the term "alkyl (meth)acrylate" refers to either an alkyl methacrylate or an alkyl acrylate. Other acrylic monomers include hydroxyl functional monomers such as hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxybutyl acrylate and gamine functional monomers such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S includes less than or equal to 10 wt%, more preferably less than or equal to 5 wt%, most preferably essentially no hydroxy and/or amine functional acrylic monomers. Preferably, the alkyl (meth)acrylate is a (C1-C22)alkyl (meth)acrylate. Examples of C1-C22 alkyl groups of the alkyl (meth)acrylates includes methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, iso-propyl, pentyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, 2-ethyl hexyl, heptyl, octyl, ethylhexyl, nonyl, decyl, isodecyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, behenyl, and isomers thereof. When there are sufficient number of carbon atoms, the alkyl group may be straight or branched chain. Preferably, the (C1-C22)alkyl (meth)acrylate is a (C1-C8)alkyl methacrylate, in particular methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and isomers thereof. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S is derived from a monomer mixture comprising two or more alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers as defined herein, in particular butyl methacrylate, especially iso-butyl methacrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S includes less than or equal to 10 wt%, based on the weight average molecular weight of the Orgal P 806 S, more preferably less than or equal to 5 wt%, most preferably essentially no acrylic acid monomers. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S includes less than or equal to 10 wt%, based on the weight average molecular weight of the Orgal P 806 S, more preferably less than or equal to 5 wt%, most preferably essentially no methacrylic acid monomers. Highly preferred acrylic monomers consist essentially of one or more alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers as defined herein. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S comprises greater than or equal to 30 wt%, more preferably greater than or equal to 40 wt%, most preferably greater than or equal to 45 wt%, based on the weight average molecular weight of the Orgal P 806 S, of one or more acrylic monomers as defined herein. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S comprises less than or equal to 60 wt% more preferably less than or equal to 55 wt%, most preferably less than or equal to 50 wt%, based on the weight average molecular weight of the Orgal P 806 S, of one or more acrylic monomers as defined herein. Preferred optionally substituted styrene monomers include unsubstituted styrene and styrene substituted with one or more C1-C6 alkyl substituents. The styrene may be substituted at the α or β position of the ethylene group or on the aromatic ring, or at a combination of these positions. Preferably, the styrene is substituted at the α or β position of the ethylene group. More preferred optionally substituted styrene monomers include unsubstituted styrene and styrene substituted with one or more C1-C6 alkyl substituents, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl which alkyl group when there are sufficient number of carbon atoms may be straight or branched chain. Highly preferred optionally substituted styrene monomers include unsubstituted styrene and mono substituted C1-C6 alkyl styrene, particularly mono substituted C1-C4alkyl styrene such as butyl styrene. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S comprises greater than or equal to 40 wt%, more preferably greater than or equal to 45 wt%, most preferably greater than or equal to 50 wt%, based on the weight average molecular weight of the Orgal P 806 S, of one or more optionally substituted styrene monomers as defined herein. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S comprises less than or equal to 70 wt%, more preferably less than or equal to 60 wt%, most preferably less than or equal to 55 wt%, based on the weight average molecular weight of the Orgal P 806 S, of one or more optionally substituted styrene monomers as defined herein. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S is derived essentially from a monomer mixture comprising one or more alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers a defined herein and one or more optionally substituted styrene comonomers as defined herein. In other words, the alkyl (meth)acrylate and optionally substituted styrene monomers represent greater than 99%, preferably 100%, of the monomers present in the Orgal P 806 S. Suitable plasticisers are well known to those skilled in the art and include phthalic anhydride esters, trimellitic acid esters, hydrogenated terphenyls, chlorinated parrafins as disclosed in US 5,962,579 . Preferably, the one or more plasticisers comprises a chloroparaffin or an alkyl phthalate. The plasticiser may be present in an amount of greater than or equal to 70 wt% and less than or equal to 20 wt%, most preferably 50 wt%, based on the weight averaged molecular weight of the Orgal P 806 S. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S includes less than 5 wt%, more preferably less than 3 wt%, most preferably less than 2 wt%, of one or more adjuvants, such as in can preservation agents i.e. methyl iso-thiazolinone or chloro methyl isothiazolinone. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S itself has a weight averaged molecular weight of greater than or equal to 30,000, more preferably greater than or equal to 50,000, most preferably greater than or equal to 70,000. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S itself (i.e. in the absence of any plasticiser and further adjuvants as defined herein) has a weight averaged molecular weight of less than or equal to 400,000, more preferably less than or equal to 200,000, most preferably less than or equal to 100,000. Preferably, the Orgal P 806 S itself (i.e. in the absence of any plasticiser and further adjuvants as defined herein) has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of less than or equal to 70 °C and greater than or equal to 35 °C. Preferably, the glass transition temperature of the Orgal P 806 S and plasticiser is less than or equal to 50 °C and greater than or equal to -10 °C, preferably greater than or equal to 0 °C. Glass transition temperatures may be determined by routine experimentation using the Fox equation, employing a pre-dried (at 105 °C for 2 hours) sample of the Orgal P 806 S, with a heating rate of 4 °C min-1 over a temperature range of -60 to +150 °C and a modulation rate of ±1 °C per 55 sec. Characteristics: Good film forming Good binding Plasticizer free Solvent free Excellent resistance towards alkalis and water Excellent pigment / extender wetting properties Specifications: Solid content 50.0 +/- 1.0% pH 7.0 - 8.0 Viscosity 1500 - 6000 mPa.s Dispersion properties: Appearance White, viscous emulsion Emulsifying system Anionic (biodegradable) Tg + 18 ° C Particle size approx. 140 nm Film properties: Appearance Clear, glossy and transparent Surface Non tacky MFFT + 17 ° C Applications: Orgal P 806 S can be used for interior and exterior paints with good washability, it is also suitable for the formulation of floor tile and building adhesives, roof coatings and sealants. Storage: In shade of the sun and at temperatures between + 5 ° C and + 30 ° C Shelf life: 6 months in original closed packaging
ORGAL P 8266


Orgal P 8266 is an innovative and eco-friendly acrylic polymer known for its versatility and high solids content.
As an APEO-free formulation, Orgal P 8266 prioritizes environmental considerations while delivering exceptional performance.
Orgal P 8266 acts as a universal binder, making it suitable for an extensive range of applications, from interior coatings to exterior wall plasters.



APPLICATIONS


Orgal P 8266 finds extensive use as a binder in interior and exterior coatings, enhancing their performance and durability.
Its versatility makes it an ideal choice for textured coatings, offering both aesthetic appeal and functional resilience.

Coatings formulated with Orgal P 8266 are commonly applied to walls, ceilings, and other architectural surfaces.
Exterior wall plasters benefit from the enhanced outdoor durability and water resistance provided by "Orgal P 8266."
Orgal P 8266's ability to form clear, soft, and elastic films makes it valuable in creating visually appealing coatings.
Orgal P 8266 supports the development of coatings for high-traffic areas where scrub resistance and cleanability are essential.
Textured coatings, decorative finishes, and wall plasters featuring Orgal P 8266 exhibit both style and long-lasting protection.

Orgal P 8266 is a preferred choice for coatings intended for environments exposed to varying temperature fluctuations and weather conditions.
Orgal P 8266 contributes to coatings with remarkable adhesion, ensuring their adherence to diverse porous substrates.
Orgal P 8266's compatibility with masonry, concrete, and gypsum makes it an ideal binder for architectural coatings.
Orgal P 8266 plays a crucial role in creating coatings that are both UV-resistant and resistant to environmental stresses.
Orgal P 8266 is essential in formulations that require coatings to maintain their integrity and aesthetics in outdoor settings.

Orgal P 8266's application extends to quartz coatings, providing a reliable base for decorative and protective layers.
Coatings used on facades and exterior architectural elements benefit from the protective properties imparted by "Orgal P 8266."
Interior coatings for commercial and residential spaces rely on the durability and adhesion provided by the polymer.
Orgal P 8266 supports the creation of coatings suitable for surfaces exposed to moisture, such as kitchens, bathrooms, and basements.
Orgal P 8266 enhances the longevity of coatings in areas prone to heavy wear and tear, such as hallways and entryways.

Orgal P 8266 contributes to coatings used in industrial settings, where performance, resilience, and aesthetics are vital.
Orgal P 8266 is an integral component in coatings applied to structures that require both architectural beauty and long-term protection.
Orgal P 8266 can be found in coatings used on historical and heritage buildings, preserving their appearance and structure.
Textured coatings applied to accent walls and decorative surfaces showcase the versatility and creative potential of the polymer.
Wall plasters and coatings formulated with Orgal P 8266 support interior design goals while providing practical benefits.

Exterior coatings on commercial buildings, residential complexes, and infrastructure projects benefit from the product's properties.
Orgal P 8266 is used in formulations for DIY enthusiasts and professional painters alike, ensuring consistent results.
Its adaptability across a wide range of coatings and plasters applications makes Orgal P 8266 a cornerstone of durable and visually appealing surfaces.

Orgal P 8266 serves as a fundamental ingredient in coatings applied to educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and public spaces, where hygiene and longevity are paramount.
In architectural renovations, the polymer supports the restoration and preservation of historical structures, maintaining their original beauty.
Its incorporation in textured coatings adds depth and character to walls and surfaces, offering an array of decorative possibilities.
Orgal P 8266 contributes to coatings used in hospitality spaces, ensuring that interiors remain visually appealing even under heavy use.

Coatings containing the polymer are suitable for gymnasiums, sports complexes, and recreational facilities, where durability is essential.
Orgal P 8266 plays a role in coatings applied to transportation hubs, providing protection against environmental factors and wear from high foot traffic.
Orgal P 8266 supports the creation of coatings for retail environments, contributing to an inviting atmosphere that endures over time.
Orgal P 8266 enhances the lifespan of exterior coatings on residential properties, safeguarding against the effects of weather and pollution.
Coatings in public areas, such as parks and plazas, rely on Orgal P 8266 for resistance to fading and degradation from outdoor elements.

Orgal P 8266 is essential in the formulation of coatings for educational facilities, creating surfaces that withstand the demands of educational activities.
Coatings featuring the polymer find their place on iconic landmarks, ensuring their enduring splendor for generations to come.
Orgal P 8266 contributes to the creation of coatings used in commercial kitchens, providing a protective barrier against heat, moisture, and cleaning agents.
Orgal P 8266 is an asset in formulating coatings for industrial buildings, where resilience to chemicals, abrasion, and environmental stressors is vital.

Orgal P 8266 supports the development of coatings that can withstand high humidity environments, such as indoor swimming pools and spas.
Coatings containing Orgal P 8266 protect against staining and discoloration, making them suitable for busy environments with heavy foot traffic.
Orgal P 8266 plays a role in coatings for transportation infrastructure, safeguarding structures like bridges, railings, and traffic signs.

Orgal P 8266 contributes to coatings for exterior building facades, helping architects achieve their design visions while ensuring longevity.
Coatings with the polymer find use in healthcare facilities, where cleanable and durable surfaces are essential for infection control.

Orgal P 8266 supports the creation of coatings for public artworks, sculptures, and installations, preserving their appearance against weathering and aging.
Orgal P 8266 is vital in coatings used in coastal environments, where it provides protection against saltwater, wind, and corrosive elements.
Coatings formulated with Orgal P 8266 contribute to energy-efficient buildings by maintaining their performance and appearance over time.
Orgal P 8266 aids in formulating coatings for exteriors of residential complexes, townhouses, and condominiums, enhancing curb appeal and value.
Orgal P 8266's compatibility with various application techniques ensures it is suitable for spray, brush, and roller application methods.

Coatings incorporating Orgal P 8266 find their place in cultural institutions, preserving the integrity of artworks, exhibitions, and interiors.
Orgal P 8266 contributes to the development of coatings for urban infrastructure, enabling cityscapes to remain vibrant and well-kept.



DESCRIPTION


Orgal P 8266 is an innovative and eco-friendly acrylic polymer known for its versatility and high solids content.
As an APEO-free formulation, Orgal P 8266 prioritizes environmental considerations while delivering exceptional performance.
Orgal P 8266 acts as a universal binder, making it suitable for an extensive range of applications, from interior coatings to exterior wall plasters.
When applied and dried at temperatures above 3°C, Orgal P 8266 forms soft, elastic films that are both visually clear and protective.
The resulting films demonstrate remarkable outdoor durability, effectively shielding coatings and plasters from the rigors of various weather conditions.

A standout feature of Orgal P 8266 is its ability to offer excellent scrub resistance, making surfaces coated with it easy to clean without compromising integrity.
Water resistance is another strength, ensuring the longevity of coatings and plasters even in moist environments.

With its superior adhesion properties, Orgal P 8266 securely bonds to diverse porous substrates, including masonry, concrete, and gypsum.
Despite its low Minimum Film-Forming Temperature (MFFT), Orgal P 8266 maintains exceptional outdoor durability and adhesion on a wide array of substrates.
Orgal P 8266 supports coatings and plasters in retaining their quality and performance even in challenging and fluctuating temperature conditions.
Orgal P 8266 is a reliable choice for creating coatings that can endure harsh exterior environments without fading or degrading over time.

Its adaptability extends to textured coatings, where it enhances both aesthetic appeal and functional longevity.
The soft, elastic nature of the films contributes to a pleasing tactile experience and flexibility in various applications.
The formulation's APEO-free status underlines its commitment to reducing environmental impact while delivering superior results.

Orgal P 8266 is formulated for ease of use, ensuring consistent and efficient application in coating and plaster projects.
With its clear film formation, Orgal P 8266 allows the underlying substrate's qualities to shine through while providing protection.

Coatings and plasters containing Orgal P 8266 exhibit a remarkable balance between performance and aesthetics.
The versatility of this acrylic polymer makes it an essential ingredient for coatings professionals seeking reliable and high-quality solutions.
Orgal P 8266 addresses the demand for sustainable yet effective binder options in the coatings and plaster industry.
Orgal P 8266's wide range of applications includes both interior spaces seeking durability and exterior environments requiring long-lasting protection.

Orgal P 8266 ensures that coatings and plasters remain visually appealing and structurally sound over extended periods.
Orgal P 8266's compatibility with various substrates supports its role in creating cohesive and resilient surfaces.

Through its formulation, Orgal P 8266 contributes to the development of coatings and plasters that align with modern environmental standards.
With its extended shelf life of up to 12 months, Orgal P 8266 maintains its integrity, ready for use whenever needed.
The incorporation of Orgal P 8266 brings forth a reliable and versatile solution for coatings and plasters, offering both performance and sustainability in one package.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Orgal P 8266 dust or aerosol is inhaled and respiratory irritation occurs, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing difficulties persist, provide oxygen if available and seek medical attention.
In case of severe inhalation exposure, the affected person should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area thoroughly with plenty of water.
Wash gently with soap and water, and avoid scrubbing the skin to prevent mechanical irritation.
If irritation or redness develops, seek medical advice.
Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.


Eye Contact:

In case of eye contact, rinse the affected eye gently with water for at least 15 minutes, while keeping the eyelid open.
Remove contact lenses, if applicable, and continue rinsing.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or discomfort persists.


Ingestion:

If Orgal P 8266 is ingested accidentally, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth with water if the person is conscious and seek medical attention immediately.
Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, when handling "Orgal P 8266."

Avoid Inhalation:
Avoid breathing in dust or aerosol generated during handling.
Use local exhaust ventilation or respiratory protection if necessary.

Skin Protection:
Prevent skin contact by wearing suitable protective clothing to minimize direct contact with the polymer.

Eye Protection:
Wear safety goggles or a face shield to protect the eyes from potential splashes or aerosol exposure.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands and any exposed skin thoroughly after handling.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while working with the product.

Spill Management:
In case of spills, prevent the spread of dust by gently sweeping or vacuuming the material.
Avoid creating aerosolized particles.

Empty Containers:
Empty containers may still contain residue.
Handle and dispose of them with care, following local regulations.


Storage:

Cool, Dry Area:
Store Orgal P 8266 in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources.

Temperature Control:
Maintain storage temperatures within the recommended range to ensure product stability and performance.

Original Containers:
Keep the product in its original container, tightly closed and properly labeled to prevent contamination and deterioration.

Shelf Life:
Follow the recommended shelf life guidance provided by the manufacturer to ensure optimal performance.

Segregation:
Store Orgal P 8266 away from incompatible materials, including strong oxidizers, reducing agents, and reactive chemicals.

Moisture Control:
Protect the product from moisture to prevent clumping or changes in its properties over time.

Childproofing:
Store in a location inaccessible to children and unauthorized personnel.


Transportation:

Secure Packaging:
When transporting "Orgal P 8266," ensure that containers are tightly sealed and labeled to prevent leaks or spills.

Regulatory Compliance:
Adhere to transportation regulations and guidelines specific to hazardous materials, if applicable.

Avoid Mixing:
Avoid transporting Orgal P 8266 with incompatible materials that could result in reactions or hazards.


Emergency Measures:

Emergency Information:
Keep emergency contact information readily available in case of accidents or exposure.

Training:
Ensure that personnel handling Orgal P 8266 are trained in proper handling procedures, emergency response, and use of PPE.



SYNONYMS


High Solids Acrylic Resin
Versatile Binder for Coatings
APEO-Free Polymer for Plasters
Multi-Purpose Acrylic Matrix
Durable Coating Ingredient
Flexible Polymer Matrix
Eco-Friendly Coating Agent
Performance-Enhancing Additive
Protective Film-Forming Compound
Sustainable Plaster Binder
Architectural Coating Matrix
Long-Lasting Polymer Component
Adhesion-Promoting Resin
Weather-Resistant Coating Ingredient
Aesthetic Enhancing Additive
UV-Protective Polymer Matrix
Decorative Surface Modifier
Industrial Coating Component
Adaptable Plaster Matrix
Water-Repellent Polymer
Eco-Conscious Coating Ingredient
Resilient Plaster Binder
Performance-Driven Additive
Exterior Protective Compound
Sustainable Building Material Modifier
Coating Matrix Enhancer
Advanced Plaster Modifier
Resilient Film-Forming Agent
Sustainable Binder Solution
Multi-Functional Coating Additive
Performance-Boosting Resin
Durable Surface Matrix
Protective Coating Component
Adhesion-Enhancing Polymer
Aesthetic Coating Ingredient
Weather-Resistant Matrix
Versatile Building Material Modifier
High-Performance Coating Binder
Eco-Friendly Matrix Solution
Flexible Plaster Additive
UV-Resistant Film Modifier
Exterior Coating Enhancer
Long-Lasting Building Material Component
Resilient Polymer Matrix
Adaptable Surface Modifier
Sustainable Coating Ingredient
Weatherproof Binder Solution
APEO-Free Coating Matrix
Decorative Building Material Modifier
Adhesive Plaster Component
ORGAL P 838 W
Orgal P 838 W shows alkyd compatibility and in-can clarity in wood stains.


Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers
Chemical Composition: Acrylic polymer


Orgal P 838 W is an APEO- and formaldehyde-free acrylic polymer designed for high performance coatings in a variety of exterior and interior applications, wood coatings, wood stains.
Orgal P 838 W shows alkyd compatibility and in-can clarity in wood stains.


Orgal P 838 W has a maximum shelf life of 12 months.
When used in water-based coatings, Orgal P 838 W shows wet and dry adhesion, excellent exterior durability, crack, chalk and alkali resistance, gloss and tint retention and excellent rheology modifier response.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL P 838 W:
Application Areas of Orgal P 838 W: Cement Modifier, EIFS Basecoats, and Terrazzo Floorings.
When used in water-based coatings, Orgal P 838 W shows wet and dry adhesion, excellent exterior durability, crack, chalk and alkali resistance, gloss and tint retention and excellent rheology modifier response.


Orgal P 838 W shows alkyd compatibility and in-can clarity in wood stains.
Orgal P 838 W is used Adhesives & Sealants and Paints & Coatings.
Application Areas of Orgal P 838 W: DIY Paints, Eggshell - Semigloss Paints, Façade Paints, Gloss Paints, Interior Paints, Kitchen & Bathroom Paints, and Wood Stains.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL P 838 W:
Chemical Composition: AC
Total Solids (% ±1): 46
pH: 7.5 - 8.5
Brookfield Viscosity (mPas max): 500
MFFT (°C): 14 ± 1
Tg (°C): n/a
Appearance: Opal white emulsion
Polymer Structure: AC
Product 2: ORGAL P 838 W

Chemical Composition: Acrylic polymer
Total Solids (% ±1): 46
pH: 7.5
Viscosity (mPa.s max): 500
MFFT (°C): 14
Tg (°C): 21
Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers
Physical Form: Emulsion



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL P 838 W:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL P 838 W:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL P 838 W:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL P 838 W:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL P 838 W:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL P 838 W:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

ORGAL P 839 W
ORGAL PR 842 A can be used in the formulations containing zinc oxide and is compatible with a variety of fillers and pigments.
ORGAL PR 842 A shows excellent stain blocking property, adhesion on wood, resistance to flash rusting.
ORGAL PR 842 A is an APEO-free, acrylic polymer designed for formulating high quality stain blocking primers for wood, walls, ceilings and metal surfaces.

CAS Number: 105-59-9
EINECS Number: 203-312-7

Synonyms: Orgal P 74 S, Orgal Duraflex 84 S, Orgal P 086VR, Orgal P 6830, Orgal PST 5010, Orgal PST 100 E, Orgal PST 100, Orgal PST 50 E, Orgal P 806 S, Orgal P 056V, Orgal K 6459 E, Orgal K 6455 E, Orgal PR 9464, Orgal PR 845 A, Orgal PR 842 A, Orgal P 888, Orgal P 878, Orgal P 850RR, Orgal P 850, Orgal P 838 W, Orgal P 8266, Orgal P 8240, Orgal P 826, Orgal P 808, Orgal P 050G, Orgal P 036V, Orgal P 6820, Orgal P 671, Orgal P 653, Orgal P 600, Orgal P 062 V, Orgal P 526, Orgal P 523V, Orgal PST 50 A, Orgal PR 667, Orgal PR 670, Orgal PST 65, Orgal ORGAWHITE 2000, ORGAL M 340, ORGAL M 420 (Akrilik), ORGAL HT 465 (HAZ), Orgal P 086V, Orgal P 090V, Orgal seks 3011, Orgal CX 3015-X, Orgal CX 3060, N-METHYLDIETHANOLAMINE, 105-59-9, Bis(hydroxyethyl)methylamine, Methyldiethanolamine, 2,2'-(Methylimino)diethanol, Methyl diethanolamine, Ethanol, 2,2'-(methylimino)bis-, 591248-66-7, N-Methylaminodiglycol, N-Methyliminodiethanol, N-Methyl-2,2'-iminodiethanol, 2,2'-Methyliminodiethanol, N-Methyldiethanolimine, 2-[2-hydroxyethyl(methyl)amino]ethanol, USAF DO-52, N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine, Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine, Methylbis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, Diethanolmethylamine, Methyliminodiethanol, Ethanol, 2,2'-(methylimino)di-, N-methyl diethanolamine, N,N-Di(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamine, Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) methyl amine, NSC 11690, 2-(N-2-Hydroxyethyl-N-methylamino)ethanol, 3IG3K131QJ, N-Methylimino-2,2'-diethanol, DTXSID8025591, 2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino]ethan-1-ol, NSC-11690, Ethanol,2'-(methylimino)di-, Ethanol,2'-(methylimino)bis-, WLN: Q2N1 & 2Q, CCRIS 4843, N-methyl-diethanolamine, EINECS 203-312-7, BRN 1734441, UNII-3IG3K131QJ, bis-(Hydroxyethyl)methylamine, HSDB 6804, Mdea (diol), N-Methyldethanolamne, n-methyldiethanolamin, methyl diethanol amine, n-methyl-diethanol amine, N-methyl diethanol-amine, AMINO ALCOHOL MDA, di(hydroxyethyl)methylamine, EC 203-312-7, 2-Hydroxy-1-[(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamino]-ethyl, SCHEMBL17605.

ORGAL PR 842 A is a type of acrylic emulsion polymer.
ORGAL PR 842 A acrylic emulsions are used in a variety of applications, including paints, coatings, adhesives, and textiles.
These polymers are known for their excellent adhesion, flexibility, water resistance, and durability.

ORGAL PR 842 A is suitable for interior tannin/stain blocking primers, wood primers, primer undercoats, and primers with flash and early rusting resistance on metal surfaces. ORGAL PR 842 A has a maximum shelf life of 12 months.
Specific properties and applications of ORGAL PR 842 A would depend on its formulation and intended use, which can be provided by the manufacturer or supplier of the product.

ORGAL PR 842 A is a range of polymer emulsions based on acrylic, styrene-acrylic and vinyl acrylic chemistry.
These products comply with VOC regulations, phasing out formaldehyde, ammonia, and other restricted substances.
ORGAL PR 842 A is a range of polymer emulsions based on acrylic, styrene-acrylic and vinyl acrylic chemistry.

These products comply with VOC regulations, phasing out formaldehyde, ammonia, and other restricted substances.
ORGAL PR 842 A, also known as N-methyl diethanolamine and more commonly as MDEA, is the organic compound with the formula CH3N(C2H4OH)2.
ORGAL PR 842 A is a colorless liquid with an ammonia odor.

ORGAL PR 842 A is miscible with water, ethanol and benzene.
A tertiary amine, it is widely used as a sweetening agent in chemical, oil refinery, syngas production and natural gas.
Similar compounds are ORGAL PR 842 A, a primary amine, and diethanolamine (DEA), a secondary amine, both of which are also used for amine gas treating.

ORGAL PR 842 A's defining characteristic when compared to these other amines is its ability to preferentially remove H2S (and strip CO2) from sour gas streams.
ORGAL PR 842 A's popularity as a solvent for gas treating stems from several advantages it has when compared to other alkanolamines.
One of these advantages is a low vapor pressure, which allows for high amine compositions without appreciable losses through the absorber and regenerator.

ORGAL PR 842 A is also resistant to thermal and chemical degradation and is largely immiscible with hydrocarbons.
ORGAL PR 842 A is a common base note in perfumes to allow the fragrance to last.
Lastly, ORGAL PR 842 A has a relatively low heat of reaction with hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, which allows for lower reboiler duties, thus lower operating costs.

Chemical Composition: AC
MFFT (°C): 9± 1
Tg (°C): 12
Polymer Structure: AC

ORGAL PR 842 A is commonly used in formulating interior paints that require good washability, stain resistance, and aesthetic appeal.
Its UV resistance and durability make it ideal for exterior coatings that must withstand harsh weather conditions.
Provides excellent adhesion and corrosion resistance for metal surfaces, making it suitable for protective coatings on industrial machinery and structures.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for concrete floors and walls, offering durability and resistance to abrasion and chemicals.
ORGAL PR 842 A is utilized in the production of PSAs for tapes, labels, and stickers due to its strong tack and peel adhesion properties.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in formulating adhesives for construction materials, providing strong bonding for substrates like wood, metal, and plastics.

Applied to fabrics to impart water resistance, flame retardancy, and enhanced durability without affecting the fabric’s texture and flexibility.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used as a binder in nonwoven fabrics for hygiene products, filtration materials, and geotextiles, providing strength and structural integrity.
Formulated into sealants used for sealing joints and gaps in buildings, offering flexibility, weather resistance, and adhesion to various substrates.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in automotive applications to seal seams and joints, providing durability and resistance to heat and automotive fluids.
ORGAL PR 842 A is often subject to research and development efforts aimed at improving its performance characteristics or expanding its application range.
Incorporation of nanoparticles to enhance properties like scratch resistance, thermal stability, and antimicrobial activity.

Development of bio-based or eco-friendly variants to reduce environmental impact and enhance sustainability.
Integration into smart coatings that can respond to environmental stimuli such as temperature, pH, or mechanical stress, providing functionalities like self-healing or color change.
Manufacturers and suppliers of ORGAL PR 842 A typically offer extensive technical support to help customers optimize formulations and application processes.

Help in designing formulations that meet specific performance requirements.
Access to testing services to evaluate the performance of the formulated products under various conditions.
Provision of training sessions and educational materials to ensure proper handling, application, and safety practices.

ORGAL PR 842 A is an APEO-free, acrylic polymer designed for formulating high quality stain blocking primers for wood, walls, ceilings and metal surfaces.
ORGAL PR 842 A can be used in the formulations containing zinc oxide and is compatible with a variety of fillers and pigments.
ORGAL PR 842 A shows excellent stain blocking property, adhesion on wood, resistance to flash rusting.

ORGAL PR 842 A is suitable for interior tannin/stain blocking primers, wood primers, primer undercoats, and primers with flash and early rusting resistance on metal surfaces.
Orgal PR 842 A has a maximum shelf life of 12 months.
ORGAL PR 842 A is less reactive towards CO2, but has an equilibrium loading capacity approaching 1 mole CO2 per mole amine.

ORGAL PR 842 A also requires less energy to regenerate.
To combine the advantages of ORGAL PR 842 A and the smaller amines, MDEA is usually mixed with a catalytic promoter such as piperazine, PZ, or a fast reacting amine such as MEA to retain reactivity, but lower regeneration costs.
ORGAL PR 842 A or aMDEA uses piperazine as a catalyst to increase the speed of the reaction with CO2.

ORGAL PR 842 A has been commercially successful.
Many tests have been done on the performance of ORGAL PR 842 A or MDEA/piperazine mixtures compared to single amines.
CO2 production rates were higher than ORGAL PR 842 A for the same heat duty and total molar concentration when experiments were performed in the University of Regina pilot plant, which is a modeled after a natural gas plant.

There were also insignificant trace amounts of degradation products detected.
However, when the same control variables and tests were conducted at the Boundary Dam Power Station plant, the CO2 production rate for the mixed solvent was lower than ORGAL PR 842 A.
This was a result of the reduction in the capacity of the solvent to absorb CO2 after degradation.

Because the Boundary Dam plant is a coal-fired power plant, it operates under harsher environments and produces an impure flue gas containing, fly ash, SO2, and NO2 that are fed into carbon capture.
Even with flue gas pretreatment, there is still enough to produce degradation products such as straight chain amines and sulfur compounds, which accumulate so it is no longer possible to regenerate ORGAL PR 842 A and MDEA.
For these blends to be successful in reducing heat duty, their chemical stabilities must be maintained.

Uses:
ORGAL PR 842 A is a specialty acrylic emulsion polymer designed for use in various coating and adhesive applications.
ORGAL PR 842 A is typically used in formulations that require a balance of performance and environmental compliance.
ORGAL PR 842 A can be used in combination with other polymers and additives to achieve the desired properties in the final product.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in formulating interior wall paints that require good washability, stain resistance, and aesthetic appeal.
Ideal for exterior coatings due to its UV resistance and durability, protecting surfaces from harsh weather conditions.
Provides excellent adhesion and corrosion resistance for metal surfaces, suitable for industrial machinery and structures.

Utilized in coatings for concrete floors and walls, offering durability and resistance to abrasion and chemicals.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in the production of tapes, labels, and stickers due to its strong tack and peel adhesion properties.
Formulated for strong bonding in construction materials such as wood, metal, and plastics.

Applied in packaging applications for bonding various substrates like paper, cardboard, and plastics.
Applied to fabrics to provide water resistance, flame retardancy, and enhanced durability without compromising texture and flexibility.
ORGAL PR 842 Ais used as a binder in nonwoven fabrics for hygiene products, filtration materials, and geotextiles, providing strength and structural integrity.

Formulated into sealants for sealing joints and gaps in buildings, offering flexibility, weather resistance, and adhesion to various substrates.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in automotive applications to seal seams and joints, providing durability and resistance to heat and automotive fluids.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in protective coatings for various surfaces, offering resistance to environmental factors such as moisture, chemicals, and abrasion.

Formulated for decorative purposes, providing aesthetic finishes with durability and protection.
Applied in paper and cardboard coatings to enhance properties such as gloss, smoothness, and printability.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in packaging films to provide barrier properties and improve the appearance of packaged goods.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used as a modifier in cement and concrete formulations to improve properties such as adhesion, flexibility, and durability.
Formulated in adhesives for tiles, offering strong bonding and resistance to moisture and temperature variations.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for wooden furniture to enhance appearance, protect against wear and tear, and provide resistance to environmental factors.

Applied in wood floor coatings for durability, scratch resistance, and ease of maintenance.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in automotive paints and coatings for its excellent adhesion, durability, and resistance to environmental factors.
Formulated in coatings for interior automotive components to provide a durable and aesthetically pleasing finish.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for boats and marine structures, offering protection against water, salt, and other harsh marine conditions.
Applied in coatings for industrial machinery to protect against wear, corrosion, and chemical exposure.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for various industrial equipment, providing durability and resistance to harsh operating conditions.

Formulated in DIY products for home repair and improvement, offering easy application and reliable performance.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in decorative finishes for home interiors and exteriors, providing both protection and aesthetic enhancement.
Ideal for use in ceiling paints due to its ability to provide a smooth, matte finish with excellent coverage.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used as a base coat to prepare surfaces for painting, ensuring better adhesion and a uniform finish.
Ensures long-lasting protection for machinery and equipment exposed to harsh industrial environments.
Provides a protective barrier to prevent rust and corrosion on metal surfaces.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in automotive underbody coatings to protect against corrosion, road salts, and mechanical damage.
Ensures good adhesion and durability on plastic parts used in automotive interiors and exteriors.
Applied to the hulls of boats and ships to protect against water damage, fouling, and marine growth.

Provides a non-slip, durable surface on ship decks that can withstand harsh marine conditions.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for aircraft interiors, providing a durable and aesthetically pleasing finish that meets stringent aviation standards.
Provides protection to the exterior surfaces of aircraft from environmental factors and mechanical wear.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in protective coatings for PCBs to prevent moisture and dust ingress, ensuring reliable performance.
Provides protective encapsulation for electronic components, safeguarding them from environmental factors.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for kitchen and bathroom cabinets to provide a durable, moisture-resistant finish.

Provides UV and weather resistance for outdoor wood furniture, maintaining appearance and structural integrity.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used as a binder in printing inks to provide good adhesion, color retention, and print quality.
Applied as a protective layer over printed materials to enhance gloss and resistance to abrasion.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for EIFS to provide a protective, weather-resistant finish.
Applied to roofs to provide waterproofing, UV protection, and increased longevity.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for appliances like refrigerators and washing machines, providing durability and a cleanable surface.

Provides a safe, durable, and colorful finish for children's toys and playground equipment.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for farm machinery and equipment, providing protection against weather, chemicals, and mechanical wear.
Applied in coatings for greenhouse structures to provide UV protection and durability.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for food packaging materials to provide moisture resistance and maintain product integrity.
Provides protective coatings for industrial packaging materials, ensuring durability during transportation and storage.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for medical devices and equipment to provide a durable, sterilizable finish.

Applied in coatings for hygiene products like disposable gloves and gowns, providing barrier properties and durability.
Formulated into artist paints for use in fine arts, providing vibrant colors and excellent workability.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for various craft materials, providing durability and aesthetic enhancement.

Applied to basement walls and floors to provide a waterproof barrier and prevent moisture ingress.
Provides waterproofing and UV protection for exposed outdoor surfaces.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in formulations that allow for easy removal of graffiti, protecting surfaces from vandalism.
Formulated into coatings that provide thermal insulation properties for energy efficiency in buildings.

Safety Profile Of ORGAL PR 842 A:
Prolonged or repeated contact with the skin may cause irritation or dermatitis.
Wear protective gloves and avoid direct skin contact.
Can cause eye irritation upon contact.

ORGAL PR 842 A is use safety goggles or face shield to protect eyes.
Inhalation of aerosol or mist may cause respiratory tract irritation.
ORGAL PR 842 A is use in well-ventilated areas or with appropriate respiratory protection.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using this product.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Though generally low in VOCs, improper disposal can have environmental impacts.

Avoid release into the environment.
Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations.
Wash with plenty of soap and water.

If skin irritation or rash occurs, seek medical advice/attention.
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.

If eye irritation persists, get medical advice/attention.
Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
If breathing is difficult, seek medical attention immediately.


ORGAL P 839 W
Orgal p 839 w and formaldehyde-free acrylic polymer designed for high performance coatings in a variety of exterior and interior applications, wood coatings, wood stains.
When used in Orgal p 839 w, it shows wet and dry adhesion, excellent exterior durability, crack, chalk and alkali resistance, gloss and tint retention and excellent rheology modifier response.
Orgal p 839 w's carefully designed mechanical properties that improves cold check resistance.

A formaldehyde-free acrylic polymer refers to a type of acrylic polymer that is produced without the use of formaldehyde or contains minimal levels of formaldehyde as part of its formulation.
Orgal p 839 w is a chemical compound that is traditionally used in the production of certain resins and polymers but is also known for its potential health hazards.
Orgal p 839 w's acrylic backbone ensures excellent exterior durability.
Orgal p 839 w shows alkyd compatibility and in-can clarity in wood stains.

Orgal p 839 w has a maximum shelf life of 12 months.
Orgal p 839 w is an excellent choice for DIY wood coatings and as well as paints on mineral surfaces.
Orgal p 839 w enables to achieve very low liquid water permeability results according to EN 927-5.

Orgal p 839 w , forms a clear, medium hard, and glossy film when dried above 10°C.
Orgal p 839 w possesses superior pigment binding thus allowing very high scrub resistance even at high PVC levels.
Orgal p 839 w is Vinyl Acetate-Acrylic Copolymer.

Orgal p 839 w is a type of copolymer that contains both vinyl acetate and acrylic monomer units in its molecular structure.
Orgal p 839 w is versatile and easy to formulate.
Orgal p 839 w also possesses very good scrub resistance and good outdoor durability.

Orgal p 839 w is used for broad range of applications, for most interior coatings from flat to semi-gloss, textured coatings, primers and plasters.
Orgal p 839 w is a styrene acrylic copolymer specifically designed for use in solvent-free interior and exterior matt to semi-gloss wall paints with low odor.
Orgal p 839 w is free of VOC, APEO, ammonia and formaldehyde.

Orgal p 839 w is water glass stable and can be used in silicate paint formulations.
Orgal p 839 w provides excellent film formation without usage of coalescing agents.
Paints based on Orgal p 839 w show excellent wet scrub-, alkali- and mud-crack resistance at high PVC range as well as high pigment-binding capacity.

Orgal p 839 w is commonly used in the formulation of adhesives.
They provide the bonding properties necessary for adhesion without the use of formaldehyde.
In the paint and coating industry, Orgal p 839 w is utilized to create films that adhere well to surfaces, provide durability, and exhibit low VOC (volatile organic compound) emissions.

Orgal p 839 w may also be used in the textile industry, particularly in the production of coatings for fabrics, providing properties such as water repellency and stain resistance.
Orgal p 839 w may be used in the formulation of sealants for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) ducts, contributing to the overall efficiency and safety of HVAC systems.

Chemical Composition / Total Solids (%±1) / pH / Viscosity (mPa.s, max) / MFFT (°C) / Tg (°C):
Orgal P 74 S:
S / AC 50 7.0 - 8.0 3000 Orgal Duraflex 84 S:
AC 50 7.0 - 8.0 1000 5 n/a
Orgal P 086VR:
AC 43 8.5 - 9.0 400 14 n/a
Orgal P 6830:
VA / AC 55 4.5 - 5.5 750 12 20
Orgal PST 5010:
S / AC 50 7.5 - 9.0 2,000 11 11
Orgal PST 100 E:
S / AC 50 7.5 - 9.0 1,500 20 20
Orgal PST 100:
S / AC 50 7.5 - 9.0 1,500 20 20
Orgal PST 50 E:
S / AC 50 7.5 - 9.0 7,000 18 18
Orgal P 806 S:
S / AC 50 7.5 - 9.0 8,000 Orgal P 056V:
S / AC 50 8.0 - 9.0 3,000 Orgal K 6459 E:
AC 55 7.5 - 8.5 1,000 Orgal K 6455 E:
AC 60 5.0 - 7.0 2,000 Orgal PR 9464:
AC 46 8.5 - 9.0 500 Orgal PR 845 A:
AC 46.5 8.0 - 9.0 400 3 -1
Orgal PR 842 A:
AC 43 8.0 - 8.5 100 9 12
Orgal P 888:
AC 45 7.0 - 8.0 500 24 30
Orgal P 878:
AC 46 8.0 - 9.0 500 14 21
Orgal P 850 RR:
AC 50 8.0 - 9.0 1,000 18 22
Orgal P 850:
AC 50 8.5 - 9.5 400 18 22
Orgal P 838 W:
AC 46 7.5 - 8.5 500 14 n/a
Orgal P 8266:
AC 60 7.5 - 8.5 2,000 3 8
Orgal P 8240:
AC 43 7.5 - 8.5 400 14 n/a
Orgal P 826:
AC 60 8.5 - 9.5 6,000 5 9
Orgal P 808:
AC 50 7.0 - 8.0 750 5 8
Orgal P 050G:
AC 47 8.0 - 8.5 1,000 Orgal P 036V:
AC 50 8.0 - 9.0 500 Orgal P 6820:
VA / AC 55 4.5 - 5.5 500 12 20
Orgal P 671:
VA / AC 55 4.5 - 5.5 500 10 17
Orgal P 653:
VA / AC 58 4.0 - 6.0 5,000 10 20
Orgal P 600:
VA / AC 50 4.0 - 5.0 5,000 7 14
Orgal P 062 V:
VA / AC 53 4.0 - 5.5 4,000 Orgal P 526:
VA / VeoVA 55 4.0 - 6.0 5,500 11 25
Orgal P 523 V:
VA / VeoVA 50 4.0 - 6.0 5,000 3 11
Orgal PST 50 A:
S / AC 50 7.5 - 9.0 11,000 20 20

Orgal p 839 w is used in the production of carpet backing and flooring adhesives.
This application helps ensure that indoor environments, where these materials are commonly used, have reduced levels of formaldehyde emissions.
Orgal p 839 w find application in the formulation of wood coatings and finishes for furniture and cabinetry.

These coatings provide protection, enhance aesthetics, and contribute to a safer indoor environment.
Orgal p 839 w can be incorporated into coatings for paper and paperboard products, providing improved printability, moisture resistance, and overall durability.
Orgal p 839 w is used in the formulation of sealants for construction applications.

These sealants provide adhesive properties and flexibility while avoiding the potential health concerns associated with formaldehyde emissions.
In the leather industry, Orgal p 839 w can be employed in the production of coatings for leather goods, providing protective and aesthetic properties without the use of formaldehyde.
Orgal p 839 w can function as rheology modifiers in various formulations.

These modifiers influence the viscosity and flow properties of a material, contributing to its application and performance characteristics.
In alignment with sustainable and eco-friendly practices, some Orgal p 839 w is designed to be biodegradable, addressing concerns about the environmental impact of certain chemicals.
Orgal p 839 w is commonly used in the production of polymer emulsions.

These emulsions find applications in a wide range of industries, including paints, coatings, and adhesives.
Orgal p 839 w commonly used in the formulation of caulks and joint compounds for construction and home improvement projects.
These products contribute to sealing and finishing applications without introducing formaldehyde.

Uses:
Orgal p 839 w is used in the formulation of adhesives for various applications, including woodworking, construction, and packaging.
These adhesives provide bonding properties without the use of formaldehyde.
Orgal p 839 w is utilized in the production of coatings and paints for surfaces such as walls, furniture, and automotive components.

They contribute to durable finishes with reduced environmental impact.
Found in construction sealants and caulks, these polymers offer effective sealing without the need for formaldehyde.
They are commonly used in applications such as window installations, joints, and gaps.

Orgal p 839 w is used in the textile industry to create finishes for fabrics, providing properties such as water repellency, wrinkle resistance, and flame resistance without incorporating formaldehyde.
Applied in the coating of paper and paperboard to enhance properties such as printability, moisture resistance, and overall durability without contributing to formaldehyde emissions.

Orgal p 839 w found in the formulation of adhesives for flooring applications, including carpet installation and tile adhesives, where a strong bond is needed without the presence of formaldehyde.
Orgal p 839 w is used in wood finishes and stains for furniture and cabinetry, contributing to the aesthetic appeal and protection of wooden surfaces.
Applied in coatings and finishes for automotive components, providing a protective layer without the use of formaldehyde, ensuring safety and compliance with environmental standards.

Utilized in the graphic arts industry for the formulation of printing inks and coatings, contributing to the safety of workers and reducing environmental impact.
Found in water treatment processes, where these polymers assist in flocculation and sedimentation without introducing formaldehyde into water systems.
Applied in the leather industry to create coatings for leather goods, providing protection and enhancing the appearance without the use of formaldehyde.

Orgal p 839 w is used in the formulation of sealants for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) ducts, ensuring effective sealing without formaldehyde emissions.
Some formaldehyde-free acrylic polymers are designed to be biodegradable, contributing to more sustainable and eco-friendly formulations.
Applied as binders and matrix resins in the production of composite materials, contributing to strength and durability without formaldehyde content.

Orgal p 839 w is used as rheology modifiers in various formulations to influence viscosity and flow properties, enhancing application and performance characteristics.
Found in gaskets and sealants for automotive applications, providing effective sealing without the use of formaldehyde.
Orgal p 839 w is used in the formulation of adhesives for packaging materials, ensuring strong bonding without introducing formaldehyde into the packaging.

Formaldehyde-free acrylic polymers are commonly used in the production of waterborne paints, contributing to reduced VOC emissions and improved environmental performance.
Found in the production of adhesives for the electronics industry, providing effective bonding without the inclusion of formaldehyde.
Orgal p 839 w is used in the formulation of coatings for packaging materials, such as cardboard and paper, providing protection and printability without the inclusion of formaldehyde.

Formaldehyde-free acrylic polymers may be utilized in the production of medical adhesives, ensuring safe and effective bonding in medical applications.
Found in adhesives used for labels, stickers, and tapes, providing strong adhesion without the use of formaldehyde.
Incorporated in formulations to control foam in various industrial processes, such as in paints, coatings, and adhesives, without introducing formaldehyde.

Orgal p 839 w is used in the production of hygiene products, such as sanitary napkins and diapers, where adhesives are required for bonding without formaldehyde content.
Found in admixtures for concrete formulations to improve properties such as workability and strength without the use of formaldehyde.

Incorporated in coatings and formulations as corrosion inhibitors, contributing to the protection of surfaces without formaldehyde emissions.
Orgal p 839 w is used as mold release agents in manufacturing processes to facilitate the release of molded products without the need for formaldehyde.

Synonyms:
Orgal P 74 S
Orgal Duraflex 84 S
Orgal P 086VR
Orgal P 6830
Orgal PST 5010
Orgal PST 100 E
Orgal PST 100
Orgal PST 50 E
Orgal P 806 S
Orgal P 056V
Orgal K 6459 E
Orgal K 6455 E
Orgal PR 9464
Orgal PR 845 A
Orgal PR 842 A
Orgal P 888
Orgal P 878
Orgal P 850 RR
Orgal P 850
Orgal P 838 W
Orgal P 8266
Orgal P 8240
Orgal P 826
Orgal P 808
Orgal P 050G
Orgal P 036V
Orgal P 6820
Orgal P 671
ORGAL P 850 RR
Orgal P 850 RR shows excellent scrub- and UV resistance.
Orgal P 850 RR is suitable for most flat to gloss coatings for interior and exterior applications, including acrylic eggshell for kitchens and bathrooms.


Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Acrylic Emulsions
Chemical Composition: Acrylic polymer
Physical Form: Emulsion


Orgal P 850 RR is an APEO and formaldehyde-free, acrylic polymer with excellent outdoor durability, gloss potential, can clarity and thickener response.
Orgal P 850 RR shows excellent scrub- and UV resistance.


Orgal P 850 RR exhibits good adhesion in wet and dry conditions.
The dried films based on Orgal P 850 RR show good early block-, yellowing- and water resistance.
Orgal P 850 RR is suitable for most flat to gloss coatings for interior and exterior applications, including acrylic eggshell for kitchens and bathrooms.


Orgal P 850 RR is also suitable for wood stains, concrete floor paints and primers.
The maximum shelf life of Orgal P 850 RR is 12 months.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL P 850 RR:
Application Areas of Orgal P 850 RR: DIY Paints and Wood Stains.
Orgal P 850 RR shows excellent scrub- and UV resistance.
Orgal P 850 RR exhibits good adhesion in wet and dry conditions.


The dried films based on Orgal P 850 RR show good early block-, yellowing- and water resistance.
Orgal P 850 RR is suitable for most flat to gloss coatings for interior and exterior applications, including acrylic eggshell for kitchens and bathrooms.
Orgal P 850 RR is also suitable for wood stains, concrete floor paints and primers.



PERFORMANCE OF ORGAL P 850 RR:
*Exterior Paints
*Excellent



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL P 850 RR:
Product Name: ORGAL P 850 RR
Chemical Composition: Acrylic polymer
Total Solids (% ±1): 50
pH: 8.0
Viscosity (mPa.s max): 1,000
MFFT (°C): 18
Tg (°C): 22
Appearance: White emulsion
Polymer Structure: AC
Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Acrylic Emulsions
Physical Form: Emulsion

General Information:
Chemical Composition: AC
Total Solids (% ±1): 50
pH: 8.0 - 9.0
Brookfield Viscosity (mPas): 200 - 1,000
MFFT (°C): 18 ± 1
Tg (°C): 22 ± 1
Appearance: White emulsion
Polymer Structure: AC
Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Acrylic Emulsions
Physical Form: Emulsion



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL P 850 RR:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL P 850 RR:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL P 850 RR:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL P 850 RR:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL P 850 RR:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL P 850 RR:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


ORGAL P 878
Orgal P 878 is an acrylic polymer designed for high performance coatings in a variety of exterior and interior applications.


Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers
Chemical Composition: Acrylic polymer


Orgal P 878 has not APEO-free and shows wet and dry adhesion, excellent exterior durability, early wash-off resistance, water-, abrasion-, scratch-, crack-, chalk-, and alkali resistance in water-based coatings.
Orgal P 878 also offers gloss and tint retention and excellent rheology modifier response.
Orgal P 878 has a maximum shelf life of 12 months.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL P 878:
Orgal P 878 is used for latex for elavoration of paints.
Due to its hydrophobic and tough nature, paints and clear coatings based on Orgal P 878 exhibit outstanding water resistance and adhesion onto porous substrates, early wash-off (rain) resistance, as well as very good block, abrasion and dirt pick-up resistances.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL P 878:
Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers
Chemical Composition: Acrylic polymer
Physical Form: Emulsion



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL P 878:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL P 878:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL P 878:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the
surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL P 878:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL P 878:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL P 878:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available


ORGAL PR 667
Orgal pr 667 is a low viscosity, styrene acrylic copolymer with very fine particles.
Orgal pr 667 provides slightly tacky, elastic and clear films.
Orgal pr 667 provides slightly tacky, elastic and clear films.


Orgal pr 667 exhibits excellent penetration, durability and adhesion properties.
Orgal pr 667 is suitable to produce aqueous high penetration primers and wood stains.
Orgal pr 667 provides high resistance to alkaline media.


Orgal pr 667 is compatible with gypsum and gypsum boards.
The maximum shelf life is 12 months.
Orgal pr 667 is a styrene-acrylic copolymer emulsion with a very fine particle size.


Orgal pr 667 is designed both for primers and can be included in wood stain formulations.
Orgal pr 667 – supplied in the form of a low-viscosity emulsion with a bluish to white tint.
Orgal pr 667 allows you to obtain a film that is slightly sticky, elastic and transparent.


Thanks to the very small particle size, Orgal pr 667 has excellent penetrating and adhesive properties.
To ensure reliable storage of Orgal pr 667, containers must be very well sealed to prevent water evaporation and shell formation.
Orgal pr 667 should be stored at a temperature between 5-25°C for a maximum of 12 months and should not be allowed to freeze



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL PR 667:
Wood Stains uses of Orgal pr 667: Excellent
Orgal pr 667 is designed both for primers and can be included in wood stain formulations.
Orgal pr 667 – supplied in the form of a low-viscosity emulsion with a bluish to white tint.
Orgal pr 667 allows you to obtain a film that is slightly sticky, elastic and transparent.
Thanks to the very small particle size, Orgal pr 667 has excellent penetrating and adhesive properties.



FIELD OF APPLICATION OF ORGAL PR 667:
Orgal pr 667, due to its very small particle size, performs especially well in water-based highly penetrating soils, putties, cements and asbestos cements.
In this case, the penetrating ability increases with a decrease in the amount of dry residue and with the addition of small amounts of surfactants.
Dilution proportions are determined experimentally.

The resulting coatings have good resistance to alkaline environments and are compatible with gypsum and products made from Orgal pr 667.
- Excellent penetration
- Excellent adhesion
- Excellent wear resistance



CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES OF ORGAL PR 667:
Appearance Milky white liquid
Dry residue % ±1 34
Brookfield viscosity RVT 1/20 max. 100 cps.
pH 8.0 - 8.5
Min. film formation temperature 0°C
Glass transition temperature 1°C



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL PR 667:
Chemical Composition: S/AC
Total Solids (%±1): 34
pH: 8.0-8.0
Viscosity (mPa.s max): 100
MFFT (°C): 0
Tg (°C): 1



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL PR 667:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL PR 667:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL PR 667:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL PR 667:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL PR 667:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL PR 667:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
No data available




ORGAL PR 842 A
ORGAL PR 842 A is an APEO-free, acrylic polymer designed for formulating high quality stain blocking primers for wood, walls, ceilings and metal surfaces.
ORGAL PR 842 A can be used in the formulations containing zinc oxide and is compatible with a variety of fillers and pigments.
ORGAL PR 842 A shows excellent stain blocking property, adhesion on wood, resistance to flash rusting.

CAS Number: 105-59-9
EINECS Number: 203-312-7

Synonyms: Orgal P 74 S, Orgal Duraflex 84 S, Orgal P 086VR, Orgal P 6830, Orgal PST 5010, Orgal PST 100 E, Orgal PST 100, Orgal PST 50 E, Orgal P 806 S, Orgal P 056V, Orgal K 6459 E, Orgal K 6455 E, Orgal PR 9464, Orgal PR 845 A, Orgal PR 842 A, Orgal P 888, Orgal P 878, Orgal P 850RR, Orgal P 850, Orgal P 838 W, Orgal P 8266, Orgal P 8240, Orgal P 826, Orgal P 808, Orgal P 050G, Orgal P 036V, Orgal P 6820, Orgal P 671, Orgal P 653, Orgal P 600, Orgal P 062 V, Orgal P 526, Orgal P 523V, Orgal PST 50 A, Orgal PR 667, Orgal PR 670, Orgal PST 65, Orgal ORGAWHITE 2000, ORGAL M 340, ORGAL M 420 (Akrilik), ORGAL HT 465 (HAZ), Orgal P 086V, Orgal P 090V, Orgal seks 3011, Orgal CX 3015-X, Orgal CX 3060, N-METHYLDIETHANOLAMINE, 105-59-9, Bis(hydroxyethyl)methylamine, Methyldiethanolamine, 2,2'-(Methylimino)diethanol, Methyl diethanolamine, Ethanol, 2,2'-(methylimino)bis-, 591248-66-7, N-Methylaminodiglycol, N-Methyliminodiethanol, N-Methyl-2,2'-iminodiethanol, 2,2'-Methyliminodiethanol, N-Methyldiethanolimine, 2-[2-hydroxyethyl(methyl)amino]ethanol, USAF DO-52, N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine, Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine, Methylbis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, Diethanolmethylamine, Methyliminodiethanol, Ethanol, 2,2'-(methylimino)di-, N-methyl diethanolamine, N,N-Di(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamine, Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) methyl amine, NSC 11690, 2-(N-2-Hydroxyethyl-N-methylamino)ethanol, 3IG3K131QJ, N-Methylimino-2,2'-diethanol, DTXSID8025591, 2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino]ethan-1-ol, NSC-11690, Ethanol,2'-(methylimino)di-, Ethanol,2'-(methylimino)bis-, WLN: Q2N1 & 2Q, CCRIS 4843, N-methyl-diethanolamine, EINECS 203-312-7, BRN 1734441, UNII-3IG3K131QJ, bis-(Hydroxyethyl)methylamine, HSDB 6804, Mdea (diol), N-Methyldethanolamne, n-methyldiethanolamin, methyl diethanol amine, n-methyl-diethanol amine, N-methyl diethanol-amine, AMINO ALCOHOL MDA, di(hydroxyethyl)methylamine, EC 203-312-7, 2-Hydroxy-1-[(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamino]-ethyl, SCHEMBL17605.

ORGAL PR 842 A is a type of acrylic emulsion polymer.
ORGAL PR 842 A acrylic emulsions are used in a variety of applications, including paints, coatings, adhesives, and textiles.
These polymers are known for their excellent adhesion, flexibility, water resistance, and durability.

ORGAL PR 842 A is suitable for interior tannin/stain blocking primers, wood primers, primer undercoats, and primers with flash and early rusting resistance on metal surfaces. ORGAL PR 842 A has a maximum shelf life of 12 months.
Specific properties and applications of ORGAL PR 842 A would depend on its formulation and intended use, which can be provided by the manufacturer or supplier of the product.

ORGAL PR 842 A is a range of polymer emulsions based on acrylic, styrene-acrylic and vinyl acrylic chemistry.
These products comply with VOC regulations, phasing out formaldehyde, ammonia, and other restricted substances.
ORGAL PR 842 A is a range of polymer emulsions based on acrylic, styrene-acrylic and vinyl acrylic chemistry.

These products comply with VOC regulations, phasing out formaldehyde, ammonia, and other restricted substances.
ORGAL PR 842 A, also known as N-methyl diethanolamine and more commonly as MDEA, is the organic compound with the formula CH3N(C2H4OH)2.
ORGAL PR 842 A is a colorless liquid with an ammonia odor.

ORGAL PR 842 A is miscible with water, ethanol and benzene.
A tertiary amine, it is widely used as a sweetening agent in chemical, oil refinery, syngas production and natural gas.
Similar compounds are ORGAL PR 842 A, a primary amine, and diethanolamine (DEA), a secondary amine, both of which are also used for amine gas treating.

ORGAL PR 842 A's defining characteristic when compared to these other amines is its ability to preferentially remove H2S (and strip CO2) from sour gas streams.
ORGAL PR 842 A's popularity as a solvent for gas treating stems from several advantages it has when compared to other alkanolamines.
One of these advantages is a low vapor pressure, which allows for high amine compositions without appreciable losses through the absorber and regenerator.

ORGAL PR 842 A is also resistant to thermal and chemical degradation and is largely immiscible with hydrocarbons.
ORGAL PR 842 A is a common base note in perfumes to allow the fragrance to last.
Lastly, ORGAL PR 842 A has a relatively low heat of reaction with hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, which allows for lower reboiler duties, thus lower operating costs.

Chemical Composition: AC
MFFT (°C): 9± 1
Tg (°C): 12
Polymer Structure: AC

ORGAL PR 842 A is commonly used in formulating interior paints that require good washability, stain resistance, and aesthetic appeal.
Its UV resistance and durability make it ideal for exterior coatings that must withstand harsh weather conditions.
Provides excellent adhesion and corrosion resistance for metal surfaces, making it suitable for protective coatings on industrial machinery and structures.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for concrete floors and walls, offering durability and resistance to abrasion and chemicals.
ORGAL PR 842 A is utilized in the production of PSAs for tapes, labels, and stickers due to its strong tack and peel adhesion properties.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in formulating adhesives for construction materials, providing strong bonding for substrates like wood, metal, and plastics.

Applied to fabrics to impart water resistance, flame retardancy, and enhanced durability without affecting the fabric’s texture and flexibility.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used as a binder in nonwoven fabrics for hygiene products, filtration materials, and geotextiles, providing strength and structural integrity.
Formulated into sealants used for sealing joints and gaps in buildings, offering flexibility, weather resistance, and adhesion to various substrates.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in automotive applications to seal seams and joints, providing durability and resistance to heat and automotive fluids.
ORGAL PR 842 A is often subject to research and development efforts aimed at improving its performance characteristics or expanding its application range.
Incorporation of nanoparticles to enhance properties like scratch resistance, thermal stability, and antimicrobial activity.

Development of bio-based or eco-friendly variants to reduce environmental impact and enhance sustainability.
Integration into smart coatings that can respond to environmental stimuli such as temperature, pH, or mechanical stress, providing functionalities like self-healing or color change.
Manufacturers and suppliers of ORGAL PR 842 A typically offer extensive technical support to help customers optimize formulations and application processes.

Help in designing formulations that meet specific performance requirements.
Access to testing services to evaluate the performance of the formulated products under various conditions.
Provision of training sessions and educational materials to ensure proper handling, application, and safety practices.

ORGAL PR 842 A is an APEO-free, acrylic polymer designed for formulating high quality stain blocking primers for wood, walls, ceilings and metal surfaces.
ORGAL PR 842 A can be used in the formulations containing zinc oxide and is compatible with a variety of fillers and pigments.
ORGAL PR 842 A shows excellent stain blocking property, adhesion on wood, resistance to flash rusting.

ORGAL PR 842 A is suitable for interior tannin/stain blocking primers, wood primers, primer undercoats, and primers with flash and early rusting resistance on metal surfaces.
Orgal PR 842 A has a maximum shelf life of 12 months.
ORGAL PR 842 A is less reactive towards CO2, but has an equilibrium loading capacity approaching 1 mole CO2 per mole amine.

ORGAL PR 842 A also requires less energy to regenerate.
To combine the advantages of ORGAL PR 842 A and the smaller amines, MDEA is usually mixed with a catalytic promoter such as piperazine, PZ, or a fast reacting amine such as MEA to retain reactivity, but lower regeneration costs.
ORGAL PR 842 A or aMDEA uses piperazine as a catalyst to increase the speed of the reaction with CO2.

ORGAL PR 842 A has been commercially successful.
Many tests have been done on the performance of ORGAL PR 842 A or MDEA/piperazine mixtures compared to single amines.
CO2 production rates were higher than ORGAL PR 842 A for the same heat duty and total molar concentration when experiments were performed in the University of Regina pilot plant, which is a modeled after a natural gas plant.

There were also insignificant trace amounts of degradation products detected.
However, when the same control variables and tests were conducted at the Boundary Dam Power Station plant, the CO2 production rate for the mixed solvent was lower than ORGAL PR 842 A.
This was a result of the reduction in the capacity of the solvent to absorb CO2 after degradation.

Because the Boundary Dam plant is a coal-fired power plant, it operates under harsher environments and produces an impure flue gas containing, fly ash, SO2, and NO2 that are fed into carbon capture.
Even with flue gas pretreatment, there is still enough to produce degradation products such as straight chain amines and sulfur compounds, which accumulate so it is no longer possible to regenerate ORGAL PR 842 A and MDEA.
For these blends to be successful in reducing heat duty, their chemical stabilities must be maintained.

Uses:
ORGAL PR 842 A is a specialty acrylic emulsion polymer designed for use in various coating and adhesive applications.
ORGAL PR 842 A is typically used in formulations that require a balance of performance and environmental compliance.
ORGAL PR 842 A can be used in combination with other polymers and additives to achieve the desired properties in the final product.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in formulating interior wall paints that require good washability, stain resistance, and aesthetic appeal.
Ideal for exterior coatings due to its UV resistance and durability, protecting surfaces from harsh weather conditions.
Provides excellent adhesion and corrosion resistance for metal surfaces, suitable for industrial machinery and structures.

Utilized in coatings for concrete floors and walls, offering durability and resistance to abrasion and chemicals.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in the production of tapes, labels, and stickers due to its strong tack and peel adhesion properties.
Formulated for strong bonding in construction materials such as wood, metal, and plastics.

Applied in packaging applications for bonding various substrates like paper, cardboard, and plastics.
Applied to fabrics to provide water resistance, flame retardancy, and enhanced durability without compromising texture and flexibility.
ORGAL PR 842 Ais used as a binder in nonwoven fabrics for hygiene products, filtration materials, and geotextiles, providing strength and structural integrity.

Formulated into sealants for sealing joints and gaps in buildings, offering flexibility, weather resistance, and adhesion to various substrates.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in automotive applications to seal seams and joints, providing durability and resistance to heat and automotive fluids.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in protective coatings for various surfaces, offering resistance to environmental factors such as moisture, chemicals, and abrasion.

Formulated for decorative purposes, providing aesthetic finishes with durability and protection.
Applied in paper and cardboard coatings to enhance properties such as gloss, smoothness, and printability.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in packaging films to provide barrier properties and improve the appearance of packaged goods.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used as a modifier in cement and concrete formulations to improve properties such as adhesion, flexibility, and durability.
Formulated in adhesives for tiles, offering strong bonding and resistance to moisture and temperature variations.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for wooden furniture to enhance appearance, protect against wear and tear, and provide resistance to environmental factors.

Applied in wood floor coatings for durability, scratch resistance, and ease of maintenance.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in automotive paints and coatings for its excellent adhesion, durability, and resistance to environmental factors.
Formulated in coatings for interior automotive components to provide a durable and aesthetically pleasing finish.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for boats and marine structures, offering protection against water, salt, and other harsh marine conditions.
Applied in coatings for industrial machinery to protect against wear, corrosion, and chemical exposure.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for various industrial equipment, providing durability and resistance to harsh operating conditions.

Formulated in DIY products for home repair and improvement, offering easy application and reliable performance.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in decorative finishes for home interiors and exteriors, providing both protection and aesthetic enhancement.
Ideal for use in ceiling paints due to its ability to provide a smooth, matte finish with excellent coverage.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used as a base coat to prepare surfaces for painting, ensuring better adhesion and a uniform finish.
Ensures long-lasting protection for machinery and equipment exposed to harsh industrial environments.
Provides a protective barrier to prevent rust and corrosion on metal surfaces.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in automotive underbody coatings to protect against corrosion, road salts, and mechanical damage.
Ensures good adhesion and durability on plastic parts used in automotive interiors and exteriors.
Applied to the hulls of boats and ships to protect against water damage, fouling, and marine growth.

Provides a non-slip, durable surface on ship decks that can withstand harsh marine conditions.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for aircraft interiors, providing a durable and aesthetically pleasing finish that meets stringent aviation standards.
Provides protection to the exterior surfaces of aircraft from environmental factors and mechanical wear.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in protective coatings for PCBs to prevent moisture and dust ingress, ensuring reliable performance.
Provides protective encapsulation for electronic components, safeguarding them from environmental factors.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for kitchen and bathroom cabinets to provide a durable, moisture-resistant finish.

Provides UV and weather resistance for outdoor wood furniture, maintaining appearance and structural integrity.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used as a binder in printing inks to provide good adhesion, color retention, and print quality.
Applied as a protective layer over printed materials to enhance gloss and resistance to abrasion.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for EIFS to provide a protective, weather-resistant finish.
Applied to roofs to provide waterproofing, UV protection, and increased longevity.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for appliances like refrigerators and washing machines, providing durability and a cleanable surface.

Provides a safe, durable, and colorful finish for children's toys and playground equipment.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for farm machinery and equipment, providing protection against weather, chemicals, and mechanical wear.
Applied in coatings for greenhouse structures to provide UV protection and durability.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for food packaging materials to provide moisture resistance and maintain product integrity.
Provides protective coatings for industrial packaging materials, ensuring durability during transportation and storage.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for medical devices and equipment to provide a durable, sterilizable finish.

Applied in coatings for hygiene products like disposable gloves and gowns, providing barrier properties and durability.
Formulated into artist paints for use in fine arts, providing vibrant colors and excellent workability.
ORGAL PR 842 A is used in coatings for various craft materials, providing durability and aesthetic enhancement.

Applied to basement walls and floors to provide a waterproof barrier and prevent moisture ingress.
Provides waterproofing and UV protection for exposed outdoor surfaces.

ORGAL PR 842 A is used in formulations that allow for easy removal of graffiti, protecting surfaces from vandalism.
Formulated into coatings that provide thermal insulation properties for energy efficiency in buildings.

Safety Profile Of ORGAL PR 842 A:
Prolonged or repeated contact with the skin may cause irritation or dermatitis.
Wear protective gloves and avoid direct skin contact.
Can cause eye irritation upon contact.

ORGAL PR 842 A is use safety goggles or face shield to protect eyes.
Inhalation of aerosol or mist may cause respiratory tract irritation.
ORGAL PR 842 A is use in well-ventilated areas or with appropriate respiratory protection.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using this product.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Though generally low in VOCs, improper disposal can have environmental impacts.

Avoid release into the environment.
Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations.
Wash with plenty of soap and water.

If skin irritation or rash occurs, seek medical advice/attention.
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.

If eye irritation persists, get medical advice/attention.
Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
If breathing is difficult, seek medical attention immediately.

ORGAL PR 845 A
Orgal PR 845 A shows resistance to flash rusting and excellent adhesion on wood.


Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Acrylic Emulsions
Chemical Composition: Acrylic copolymer


Orgal PR 845 A is an APEO- and zinc oxide-free, acrylic polymer.
Orgal PR 845 A is designed for high quality interior tannin/stain blocking primers for wood, undercoats, walls, ceilings and metal surfaces.
Orgal PR 845 A shows resistance to flash rusting and excellent adhesion on wood.


Orgal PR 845 A enables formulation of low VOC products according to EU Directive 2004/42/CE as it exhibits good low temperature coalescence performance.
Orgal PR 845 A is compatible with zinc oxide and a variety of fillers and pigments.
The maximum shelf life of Orgal PR 845 A is 12 months.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL PR 845 A:
Application Areas of Orgal PR 845 A: DIY Paints and Stain Blocking.
Orgal PR 845 A is designed for high quality interior tannin/stain blocking primers for wood, undercoats, walls, ceilings and metal surfaces.


Orgal PR 845 A shows resistance to flash rusting and excellent adhesion on wood.
Orgal PR 845 A enables formulation of low VOC products according to EU Directive 2004/42/CE as it exhibits good low temperature coalescence performance.
Orgal PR 845 A is compatible with zinc oxide and a variety of fillers and pigments.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL PR 845 A:
Product Name: ORGAL PR 845 A
Chemical Composition: AC
Total Solids (%±1): 46.5
pH: 8.0-8.0
Viscosity (mPa.s max): 400
MFFT (°C): 3
Tg (°C): -1
Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Acrylic Emulsions
Chemical Composition: Acrylic copolymer
Physical Form: Emulsion, Opal



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL PR 845 A:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL PR 845 A:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL PR 845 A:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL PR 845 A:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL PR 845 A:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL PR 845 A:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


ORGAL PST 100
Orgal PST 100 is in-line with VOC regulations, phasing out formaldehyde, ammonia and other restricted substances.


Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Styrene / Acrylic Copolymers
Chemical Composition: Styrene acrylic copolymer


Orgal PST 100 is a styrene acrylic copolymer.
Orgal PST 100 is suitable for gloss- and textured paints.
Orgal PST 100 is recommended for primers, EIFS topcoats, and interior & exterior-, eggshell-semi gloss and roof tile paints.


Orgal PST 100 is in-line with VOC regulations, phasing out formaldehyde, ammonia and other restricted substances.
Orgal PST 100 possesses good scrub resistance due to its high pigment binding capacity as well as excellent alkaline- and water resistance that reduce efflorescence.


Orgal PST 100 exhibits excellent adhesion on mineral substrates and rheology performance when formulated with polyurethane based thickeners.
Paints formulated with Orgal PST 100 show high color strength when tinted with universal and water-based colorants.
Orgal PST 100 is an APEO- and ammonia-free, styrene acrylic copolymer that forms clear, hard and glossy films when dried above 20°C.


Orgal PST 100 is a paint binder suitable for most flat to semi-gloss paints for PVC interior & exterior eggshell paints, high build textured-, quartz- and moisture barrier coatings.
The maximum shelf life of Orgal PST 100 is 12 months.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGAL PST 100:
Orgal PST 100 is suitable for gloss- and textured paints.
Orgal PST 100 isrecommended for primers, EIFS topcoats, and interior & exterior-, eggshell-semi gloss and roof tile paints.
Orgal PST 100 is in-line with VOC regulations, phasing out formaldehyde, ammonia and other restricted substances.


Orgal PST 100 possesses good scrub resistance due to its high pigment binding capacity as well as excellent alkaline- and water resistance that reduce efflorescence.
Orgal PST 100 exhibits excellent adhesion on mineral substrates and rheology performance when formulated with polyurethane based thickeners.


Paints formulated with Orgal PST 100 show high color strength when tinted with universal and water-based colorants.
Orgal PST 100 is a paint binder suitable for most flat to semi-gloss paints for PVC interior & exterior eggshell paints, high build textured-, quartz- and moisture barrier coatings.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORGAL PST 100:
Product Type: Acrylics & Acrylic Copolymers > Styrene / Acrylic Copolymers
Chemical Composition: Styrene acrylic copolymer
Physical Form: Emulsion, Opal



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGAL PST 100:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGAL PST 100:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGAL PST 100:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGAL PST 100:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGAL PST 100:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGAL PST 100:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

ORGANIC ACIDS
Organic acids are a group of active pharmaceutical ingredients that can be easily analyzed using various ionization techniques due to their polarity.
Organic acids are compounds that serve as indicators of organic acidurias linked to inborn errors of metabolism.
Organic acids can be identified through 1H-NMR spectroscopy of body fluids like urine, aiding in the diagnosis of conditions such as propionic acidemia, methylmalonic aciduria, and maple syrup urine disease.


Organic acids are an organic molecule that is characterized by having a hydrogen atom that can be released as a proton.
A proton is a positively charged hydrogen ion.
Generally, an acid is defined as a proton donor.


Organic acids are organic molecules characterized by having a proton-liberating functional group attached to their carbon backbone.
The following are the requirements for a substance to be classified as an Organic acids: Organic acids must be organic; it must be primarily made of carbon and hydrogen bonds ( bonds).


Organic acids must contain at least one hydrogen atom that can be liberated as a proton.
The challenging part about organic acids is attempting to differentiate between regular atoms and atoms that can be released as ions.
Hydrogen atoms that can be ionized in organic acids are always attached to the molecule's functional group.


The hydrogen atoms that are directly participating in the bonds in the carbon chain cannot be ionized.
Examining the Organic acids functional group is always a good start to check for the presence of an ionizable atom.
Organic acids are weak acids when compared to most inorganic acids; all organic acids ionize partially.


As opposed to many inorganic acids, like hydrochloric acid, which dissociates completely.
The strength of all Organic acids is assessed by the extent to which they dissociate.
Organic acids that dissociate completely release the maximum amount of protons.


Solutions with a very high concentrations are only formed from strong acids.
Acids that dissociate partially release a small number of protons
Solutions with a small concentrations are formed from weak acids.


Organic compounds with acidic properties, organic acids are generally weak acids incapable of complete dissociation in water.
Available in a range of chemical compositions and acid strengths, Organic acids can be used for various industrial and everyday applications.
Organic acids are the product of incomplete oxidation of photosynthetic assimilates.


Organic acids can either be converted back to carbohydrates or undergo terminal oxidation yielding CO2 and H2O.
The “intermediate” nature of organic acids determines the flexibility of their role as important players in the maintenance of redox balance, production and consumption of ATP, support of protonic and ionic gradients on membranes, and acidification of extracellular spaces.


Organic acids are formed within metabolic cycles and pathways and represent the transitory or stored forms of fixed carbon.
Considering a metabolic system at steady state, the reaction rate of every step can be determined as the concentration of molecules in this step, divided by the mean time that one molecule needs to move the next step.


Organic acids are an organic compound with acidic properties.
The most common organic acids are the carboxylic acids, whose acidity is associated with their carboxyl group –COOH.
Sulfonic acids, containing the group –SO2OH, are relatively stronger acids.


Alcohols, with –OH, can act as acids but they are usually very weak.
The relative stability of the conjugate base of the acid determines its acidity.
Other groups can also confer acidity, usually weakly: the thiol group –SH, the enol group, and the phenol group.


In biological systems, organic compounds containing these groups are generally referred to as organic acids.
Organic acids are synthesized in plants as a result of the incomplete oxidation of photosynthetic products and represent the stored pools of fixed carbon accumulated due to different transient times of conversion of carbon compounds in metabolic pathways.


When redox level in the cell increases, e.g., in conditions of active photosynthesis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in mitochondria is transformed to a partial cycle supplying citrate for the synthesis of 2-oxoglutarate and glutamate (citrate valve), while malate is accumulated and participates in the redox balance in different cell compartments (via malate valve).


This results in malate and citrate frequently being the most accumulated acids in plants.
However, the intensity of reactions linked to the conversion of these compounds can cause preferential accumulation of other organic acids, e.g., fumarate or isocitrate, in higher concentrations than malate and citrate.


The secondary reactions, associated with the central metabolic pathways, in particularly with the TCA cycle, result in accumulation of other organic acids that are derived from the intermediates of the cycle.
Organic acids form the additional pools of fixed carbon and stabilize the TCA cycle.


Trans-aconitate is formed from citrate or cis-aconitate, accumulation of hydroxycitrate can be linked to metabolism of 2-oxoglutarate, while 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate can be formed from pyruvate and glyoxylate.
Glyoxylate, a product of either glycolate oxidase or isocitrate lyase, can be converted to oxalate.


Malonate is accumulated at high concentrations in legume plants.
Organic acids play a role in plants in providing redox equilibrium, supporting ionic gradients on membranes, and acidification of the extracellular medium.
Organic acids preserve the quality of compound feed, grain, farm-based mixed feeds as well as byproducts and improve the production of hay and silage.


Unpredictable weather patterns and heavy rainfall constantly present challenges to hay and grain harvest or to silage making.
Acid treatment helps to protects feed against deterioration caused by microorganisms or their metabolites even at lower moisture contents.
Organic acids are important chemical building blocks for producing polyesters, polyamides, plasticizers and solvents.


Organic acids are also used in the preservation of food.
GEA has leading expertise and experience in the concentration of final organic acid products, side-products and effluents from organic acid fermentation.
The first stage in the process of Organic acids concentration is biomass separation by decanters or membrane filtration units.


Organic acids are then concentrated in evaporation plants. GEA offers decanter and membrane filtration systems for most applications, and our falling-film evaporation plants are often used to concentrate Organic acids.
The separator technology is also commonly equipped with scrubbing columns for the separation of easily volatile components, or with stripping columns for the separation of ammonia.


Organic acids are obtained by oxidizing many organic substances, and found in the red ant.
Organic acids are broadly dispersed in nature (animal, plant and microbial sources) and are produced by several fungi, yeasts and bacteria.


Organic acids carbon skeletons can also be used for biosynthesis of amino acids.
Organic acids are categorised in the “weak” acid group that do not totally dissolve in water, and they comprise one or more carboxylic acid groups covalently linked in groups such as amides, esters and peptides.


Organic acids are characterized by the presence of a positively polarized hydrogen atom (blue in electrostatic potential maps) and are of two main kinds: acids such as methanol and acetic acid that contain a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative oxygen atom (O–H) and those such as acetone that contain a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon atom next to a C=O bond ( O=C–C–H).


Organic acids can directly decrease the pH of the gut environment through the release of hydrogen ions, thus preventing or inhibiting the proliferation of acid-sensitive bacteria.
The antimicrobial effect of organic acids is greater under acidic conditions and lesser at neutral pH.


It is important to know that each Organic acids has a microbial activity spectrum involved to a specific pH range, membrane structure and physiology in the cell of the microbiota species.
In addition, organic acids are promising alternatives to antibiotics to promote nutrient digestibility by decreasing the pH of the upper region of the digestive tract.


Organic acids reduce gastric pH, prevent the growth of pathogens, act as an energy source, increase apparent total tract digestibility, improve gut health and enhance growth performance and productivity.
However, the effect of organic acids in practice is not always consistent due to the wide variety of available products and the various recommended effective dosages with the different combinations.


Type composition, dosage, formula, feeding regimen, environment, nutrient composition of feed and the age and health status of animals all affect the efficacy of organic acids.
Therefore, furthermore research is required to establish effective dosage and combination of organic acids to achieve the best possible results.


The organic acids are weak in the sense that this ionization is very incomplete.
At any one time, most of the acid will be present in the solution as un-ionized molecules.
For example, in the case of dilute ethanoic acid, the solution contains about 99% of ethanoic acid molecules - at any instant, only about 1% have actually ionized.


The position of equilibrium therefore lies well to the left.
Organic acids are organic compounds that are acidic in nature.
The most common organic acids are carboxylic acids, with acidity derived from the carboxyl group (-COOH).


Sulfonic acid (-SO3H), sulfinic acid (RSOOH), and sulfuric acid (RCOSH) are also organic acids.
Organic acids can react with alcohols to form esters.
Carboxyl group is the functional group of carboxylic acid.


Except for formic acid (H2CO2), carboxylic acid can be regarded as a derivative of the hydrogen atom in the hydroxyl molecule after being replaced by the carboxyl group.
Expressed by the general formula (Ar)R-COOH, carboxylic acids often exist widely in nature in the free state or in the form of salts and esters.


A derivative in which the hydrogen atom on the hydroxyl group of a carboxylic acid molecule is replaced by another atom or group of atoms is called a substituted carboxylic acid.
Important substituted carboxylic acids include halogenated acids, hydroxy acids, keto acids and amino acids.


Some of these compounds are involved in the life processes of plant and animal metabolism, some are intermediate products of metabolism, some have significant biological activity and can prevent and cure diseases, and some are raw materials for organic synthesis, industrial and agricultural production and pharmaceutical industry.


Organic acids are widely distributed in the leaves, roots, and especially fruits of herbs, such as umeboshi, schisandra, raspberry, etc.
Common organic acids in plants include aliphatic mono-, di- and poly-carboxylic acids such as tartaric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, raffinate, and ascorbic acid (i.e. vitamin C), and aromatic organic acids such as benzoic acid, salicylic acid, and caffeic acid (Caffelc acid).


Except for a few existing in the free state, Organic acids are generally combined with potassium, sodium and calcium to form salts, and some are combined with alkaloids to form salts.
The term ‘organic acids’ refers to all those acids built on a carbon skeleton, known as carboxylic acids, which can alter the physiology of bacteria, causing metabolic disorders that prevent proliferation and cause death.


Almost all the organic acids used in animal nutrition, such as formic, propionic, lactic, acetic, sorbic or citric acids have an aliphatic structure and represent a source of energy for the cells.
Benzoic acid, instead, is built on an aromatic ring and has different metabolic and absorption characteristics.


Organic acids are a type of organic compound that often contains acidic properties.
Organic acids are found in various food items and often contribute to their flavor.
Some common examples include citric acid in citrus fruits, lactic acid in yogurt, and acetic acid in vinegar.
Typically, organic acids have a carboxyl group (-COOH), and can participate in reactions due to the hydrogen atom in this group.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGANIC ACIDS:
Simple organic acids like formic or acetic acid are used for oil and gas well stimulation treatments.[citation needed]
These organic acids are much less reactive with metals than are strong mineral acids like HCl or mixtures of HCl and HF.
For this reason, organic acids are used at high temperatures or when long contact times between acid and pipe are needed.


Organic acids are important chemical building blocks for producing polyesters, polyamides, plasticizers and solvents.
Organic acids are also used in the preservation of food.
The conjugate bases of organic acids such as citrate and acetate are often used in biologically-compatible buffer solutions.


Biological systems create many and more complex organic acids such as L-lactic, citric and D-glucuronic acids that contain hydroxyl or carboxyl groups.
Human blood and urine contain these plus organic acid degradation products of amino acids, neurotransmitters and intestinal bacterial action on food components.


Examples of these categories are alpha-ketoisocaproic, vanilmandelic and D-lactic acids, derived from catabolism of L-leucine and epinephrine (adrenaline) by human tissues and catabolism of dietary carbohydrate by intestinal bacteria, respectively.
Organic acids is used decrease of pH value and the buffering capacity as well as antibacterial and antifungal effects in the feed.


Organic acids is used reduction of pH value by release of hydrogen ions in the stomach, thereby activating pepsinogen to form pepsin and improving protein digestibility.
Organic acids is used inhibition of gram-negative indigenous microflora in the gastro-intestinal tract.


Organic acids is improved energetic utilization in the intermediate metabolism.
The efficiency of an organic acid to inhibit the growth of a microorganism depends on its pKa value, which describes the pH value at which the acid is available 50% in its dissociated and undissociated form respectively.


Only in its un-dissociated form the organic acid has its antimicrobial power as they can pass through the walls of bacteria and fungi and alter their metabolism.
Simple organic acids like formic or acetic acids are used for oil and gas well stimulation treatments.


These organic acids are much less reactive with metals than are strong mineral acids like hydrochloric acid (HCl) or mixtures of HCl and hydrofluoric acid (HF).
For this reason, organic acids are used at high temperatures or when long contact times between acid and pipe are needed.


The conjugate bases of organic acids such as citrate and lactate are often used in biologically compatible buffer solutions.
Citric and oxalic acids are used as rust removal.
As acids, they can dissolve the iron oxides, but without damaging the base metal as do stronger mineral acids.


In the dissociated form, they may be able to chelate the metal ions, helping to speed removal.
Biological systems create many more complex Organic acids such as L-lactic, citric, and D-glucuronic acids that contain hydroxyl or carboxyl groups.
Human blood and urine contain these plus Organic acids degradation products of amino acids, neurotransmitters, and intestinal bacterial action on food components.


Examples of these categories are alpha-ketoisocaproic, vanilmandelic, and D-lactic acids, derived from catabolism of L-leucine and epinephrine (adrenaline) by human tissues and catabolism of dietary carbohydrate by intestinal bacteria, respectively.
Organic acids are widely distributed in nature as normal constituents of plants or animal tissues.


Organic acids are also formed through microbial fermentation of carbohydrates mainly in the large intestine.
Organic acids are sometimes found in their sodium, potassium, or calcium salts, or even stronger double salts.
Organic acids are also used in various industrial applications such as food preservatives, plastic stabilizers, and pharmaceuticals.


The supplementation of organic acids at the right high doses in animal feed can increase the bodyweight, improves feed conversion ratio and reduces colonization of pathogens in the intestine.
This means that the antimicrobial efficacy of organic acid is higher in acidic conditions, like in the stomach, and reduced at neutral pH, like in the intestine.


Accordingly, organic acids with a high pKa value are weaker acids and therefore more effective preservatives for feed, as, being present in the feedstuff with a higher proportion of their un-dissociated form, can defend feed from fungi and microbes.


Therefore, the lower the pKa of the organic acid (the higher proportion of dissociated form) the greater is its effect on the reduction of pH and the lower its antimicrobial effect in the more distal portions during its transit through the digestive tract.
A strong acid (with low pKa) will acidify the feed and the stomach, but will not have strong direct effects on the microflora in the intestine.


-Commonly used organic acids:
CH3COOH (Acetic acid)
HCOOH (Formic acid)
C6H8O7 (Citric acid)
C2H2O4 (Oxalic acid)



IN FOOD, ORGANIC ACIDS:
Organic acids are used in food preservation because of their effects on bacteria.
The key basic principle on the mode of action of organic acids on bacteria is that non-dissociated (non-ionized) organic acids can penetrate the bacteria cell wall and disrupt the normal physiology of certain types of bacteria that we call pH-sensitive, meaning that they cannot tolerate a wide internal and external pH gradient.

Among those bacteria are Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., C. perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, and Campylobacter species.
Upon passive diffusion of organic acids into the bacteria, where the pH is near or above neutrality, the acids will dissociate and raise the bacteria internal pH, leading to situations that will not impair nor stop the growth of bacteria.

On the other hand, the anionic part of the organic acids that can escape the bacteria in its dissociated form will accumulate within the bacteria and disrupt few metabolic functions, leading to osmotic pressure increase, incompatible with the survival of the bacteria.
It has been well demonstrated that the state of the organic acids (undissociated or dissociated) is not important to define their capacity to inhibit the growth of bacteria, compared to undissociated acids.

Lactic acid and its salts sodium lactate and potassium lactate are widely used as antimicrobials in food products, in particular, dairy and poultry such as ham and sausages.



IN NUTRITION AND ANIMAL FEEDS, ORGANIC ACIDS:
Organic acids have been used successfully in pig production for more than 25 years.
Although less research has been done in poultry, organic acids have also been found to be effective in poultry production.

Organic acids added to feeds should be protected to avoid their dissociation in the crop and in the intestine (high pH segments) and reach far into the gastrointestinal tract, where the bulk of the bacteria population is located.

From the use of organic acids in poultry and pigs, one can expect an improvement in performance similar to or better than that of antibiotic growth promoters, without the public health concern, a preventive effect on the intestinal problems like necrotic enteritis in chickens and Escherichia coli infection in young pigs.
Also one can expect a reduction of the carrier state for Salmonella species and Campylobacter species.

Ongoing research;
In addition to the end uses previously seen, organic acids have been tested for the following applications:



FUNCTIONS OF ORGANIC ACIDS:
*Antibacterial effect
Organic acids can increase the intracellular osmotic pressure by dissociating acid ions or hydrogen ions into bacterial cell membranes, lowering the acid value of the internal environment, leading to the disruption of normal metabolism of bacteria and even lysis and death, and indirectly reducing the number of harmful bacteria.

Organic acids not only can lower the pH in the environment, but can also achieve bacterial inhibition by damaging bacterial cell membranes, interfering with the synthesis of bacterial enzymes, and affecting the replication of bacterial DNA.


*Alleviate the toxicity of heavy metals such as Pb and Cd, and reduce the contamination of the breeding environment.
Organic acids are used in aquaculture by splashing, and they reduce the toxicity of heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn by adsorption, oxidation or complexation.


*Promote digestion, resistance and anti-stress effects
Organic acids promote animal digestion by influencing metabolic activities and increasing enzyme activities.
Certain organic acids such as citric acid can participate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the production and conversion of ATP, accelerating the metabolism of animals.

Jhanosolic acid can improve the activity of mitochondrial adenylate cyclase, intragastric enzymes, etc., which facilitates energy production and decomposition of macromolecules such as fat and protein, and promotes absorption and utilization.
In addition, it is also involved in amino acid conversion, and under the stimulation of stressors, the body can synthesize ATP to produce anti-stress effects.

The combination of standard samples and mass spectrometry such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) enables efficient and accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of organic acids.
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or liquid mass spectrometry (LC-MS) can also be used for the precise determination of organic acids.



A FEW COMMON EXAMPLES OF ORGANIC ACIDS INCLUDE:
*Lactic acid
*Acetic acid
*Formic acid
*Citric acid
*Oxalic acid
*Uric acid
*Malic acid
*Tartaric acid
*Butyric acid
*Folic acid



CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIC ACIDS:
In general, organic acids are weak acids and do not dissociate completely in water, whereas the strong mineral acids do.
Lower molecular mass organic acids such as formic and lactic acids are miscible in water, but higher molecular mass organic acids, such as benzoic acid, are insoluble in molecular (neutral) form.

On the other hand, most organic acids are very soluble in organic solvents.
p-Toluenesulfonic acid is a comparatively strong acid used in organic chemistry often because it is able to dissolve in the organic reaction solvent.
Exceptions to these solubility characteristics exist in the presence of other substituents that affect the polarity of the compound.



TYPES OF ORGANIC ACIDS:
Organic acids encompass a wide range of compounds that are prevalent in nature and crucial to numerous processes in biological systems, industry, and the environment.
Organic acids are distinguished by the presence of one or more carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, which impart acidic properties to these molecules.
Common examples of organic acids include acetic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, and fatty acids, among others.



CLASSIFICATION BASED ON CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF ORGANIC ACIDS:
Organic acids can be classified based on their chemical structure, which can vary widely.
For instance, some organic acids are simple monocarboxylic acids, containing only one carboxyl group, while others are dicarboxylic acids with two carboxyl groups.

Additionally, organic acids can be classified based on their carbon chain length, ranging from short-chain fatty acids with fewer than six carbon atoms to long-chain fatty acids with more than twelve carbon atoms.



ORIGIN AND OCCURRENCE OF ORGANIC ACIDS:
Organic acids are ubiquitous in nature and are found in various sources such as fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and fermentation processes.
Citric acid, for example, is abundant in citrus fruits like oranges and lemons, while lactic acid is produced during the fermentation of milk by lactic acid bacteria.

Understanding the different types of organic acids is essential for discerning their properties, functions, and roles in different systems.
The diverse array of organic acids contributes to their versatility and importance in numerous biological, industrial, and environmental processes.



THE TECHNICAL TERMS "ORGANIC AND ORGANIC ACIDS":
In chemistry, the word “organic” simply refers to a molecule that contains a carbon atom.
It does not refer to farming practices or foods where we traditionally hear this term.

“Organic acids” are produced by various microbes, found in foods, or made by our own bodies through the metabolism of food molecules, nutrients, neurotransmitters, or toxins.
Organic acids are not necessarily fixed in one state but readily changed and transformed as they influence, and are influenced by, various enzymes within cells.

For example, doctors may look for homovanillic acid in the urine to assess dopamine levels in the body, which may be helpful in cases of suspected Parkinson’s disease.



WHY ARE ORGANIC ACIDS IMPORTANT?
Now that we understand the chemical terminology for both the terms “organic” and “organic acids” let’s dive into why they are important.
Organic acids may be tested to gain insights into how the body is functioning – nutrient levels, hormone function, and even the state of the microbiome which are immensely important for understanding our overall health.

Today we’re going to stay focused on a handful of organic acids with known roles in improving and supporting our well-being.
Some organic acids to note that are highly beneficial to human health are those that are nutrients themselves such as; Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and amino acids: which create proteins and neurotransmitters, and fatty acids themselves.



ORGANIC ACIDS PRODUCTION AND EXTRACTION:
Chemical synthesis or fermentation are among the most used methods for Organic acids production.
In recent years, new techniques have been developed for fast and efficient extraction of organic compounds from different plant materials.

Citric, lactic, gluconic and itaconic acids are produced industrially by microbial processes, which is a promising approach to obtain building block chemicals based on renewable carbon sources.

In addition, large quantities of acetic acid are produced by bioprocesses and chemical synthesis.
Microwave-assisted extraction is another technique to isolate various compounds from plants or vegetal materials for both analytical and industrial purposes.



ORGANIC ACIDS IN METABOLISM:
Organic acids play pivotal roles in various metabolic processes within living organisms, serving as essential intermediates in energy production, biosynthesis, and cellular regulation.

Understanding the metabolic significance of organic acids provides insights into physiological functions, cellular homeostasis, and the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders.
Below are detailed explanations of the roles of organic acids in metabolism:


*Intermediates in Metabolic Pathways:
Organic acids participate in key metabolic pathways, including the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle), glycolysis, and fatty acid metabolism.

For example, citric acid, a tricarboxylic acid, serves as a central intermediate in the citric acid cycle, where it undergoes sequential oxidation-reduction reactions to generate ATP, NADH, and FADH2, which are vital energy carriers in cells.


*Regulation of Cellular Metabolism:
Organic acids contribute to the regulation of cellular metabolism by modulating enzyme activity, gene expression, and signaling pathways.

Certain organic acids, such as succinate and fumarate, act as signaling molecules that regulate cellular processes like mitochondrial function, oxidative phosphorylation, and apoptosis.
Dysregulation of organic acid metabolism can lead to metabolic disorders, such as mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic acidosis.


*Energy Production:
Organic acids serve as substrates for energy production through oxidative metabolism.
Short-chain fatty acids, such as acetic acid and propionic acid, are produced during the fermentation of dietary fibers in the colon and serve as energy sources for colonocytes.

Additionally, organic acids derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids contribute to ATP synthesis via the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.


*Biosynthesis of Biomolecules:
Organic acids serve as precursors for the biosynthesis of various biomolecules, including amino acids, nucleotides, and lipids.

For instance, oxaloacetate, an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, can be converted into aspartate, a non-essential amino acid, via transamination reactions.
Similarly, malonyl-CoA, derived from malonic acid, serves as a building block for fatty acid synthesis.



CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIC ACIDS:
Organic acids and base properties of organic compounds are very similar to the acid and base properties of inorganic compounds.
Properties of acids include a pH less than 7, a sour taste, producing hydrogen ions when dissolved in water and being corrosive to human tissue and reactive with bases to form a salt and water.
Common properties of bases include a pH more than 7, a “soapy” feel, a bitter taste and being corrosive to human tissue and reactive with acids to form a salt and water.



HOW MANY TYPES OF ORGANIC ACIDS ARE THERE?
There are two types of organic acids.
One has the carboxyl group (COOH group), for example acetic acid (CH3COOH) which is made by oxidising grain alcohol or by the fermentation of fruit sugar in cider.
The second type has a phenol group (C6H5OH).
Salicylic acid (OHC6H4COOH) is an example of an Organic acids with both carboxyl and phenol groups.



WHY ARE ORGANIC ACIDS IMPORTANT?
Organic acids play a role in the regulation of basic cellular processes such as pH modification, signalling messengers and modulating transport across biological membranes, and they extensively modify the cellular, subcellular or extracellular compartments in which they are found due to their chemical properties.

Therefore, organic acids can be involved in various biochemical and physiological processes in vivo.
In addition, organic acids are involved in chemical modification of proteins, with high impact on the in vivo protein activity.
The different roles of these compounds still remain to be explored.



CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIC ACIDS:
Generally, organic acids are weak acids and do not dissociate completely in water, whereas the strong mineral acids do.
Lower molecular weight organic acids such as formic and acetic acids are miscible in water, but higher molecular weight organic acids such as benzoic acid are insoluble in molecular (neutral) form.

On the other hand, most organic acids are very soluble in organic solvents.
p-toluenesulfonic acid is a comparatively strong acid used in organic chemistry often because it is able to dissolve in the organic reaction solvent.
Exceptions to these solubility characteristics exist in the presence of other substituents which affect the polarity of the compound.



WHAT ARE ORGANIC ACIDS ANF HOW ARE THEY ASSOCIATED WITH YOUR HEALTH?
*Amino Acids:
Amino acids are the building blocks of all of our tissues. When we exercise we cause microscopic damage to muscle cells, but when we sleep at night the body repairs the damage with amino acids from our diets creating a stronger muscle in the process.

Amino acids are also the starting materials for neurotransmitters (tryptophan is used to make serotonin and melatonin, while tyrosine is used to make epinephrine, dopamine, and thyroid hormone), so we need to ensure regular intake of quality protein for both optimal mental and physical health.


*Fatty Acids
Fatty acids are used for energy storage (the battle of the bulge!) but may have other properties too.
For example, caprylic acid from coconut oil is anti-fungal and used in many a candida protocol.


*Other Must Know Organic Acids
Other healthful organic acids are involved in the production of energy within the cell.
Some of you may not be familiar with them at all, some may have vague memories of them from high school biology class, and some of you may be comfortable with them but unfamiliar of the full scope of their activities in the body.



BENEFITS AT A GLANCE OF ORGANIC ACIDS:
*Protect feed against deterioration caused by micro-organisms or their metabolites
*Improve the production of silage when being incorporated in the feed
*Compared to straight acids, our mixtures and blends are just skin and eye irritant and less corrosive



WHAT ARE SOME ORGANIC ACIDS EXAMPLES?
Organic acids are organic molecules that possess at least one H atom that can be released as a proton H+.
This H atom is always a part of a functional group.

The following are examples of organic acids:
*Acetic acid.
*Methanol.
*Methanesulfonic acid.
*Propionic acid.



WHAT IS MEANT BY ORGANIC ACIDS?
Organic acids are a carbon containing acid.
This type of Organic acids is primarily composed of C-H bonds.
Organic acids behave as an acid by acting as a proton donor.



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGANIC ACIDS:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGANIC ACIDS:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGANIC ACIDS:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGANIC ACIDS:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGANIC ACIDS:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGANIC ACIDS:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

ORGANOHALOGENS
Organohalogens refer to a group of organic compounds that contain halogens, such as chlorine, bromine, or fluorine, and can be either synthetic toxicants or naturally occurring molecules found in various organisms and environments.
Organohalogens are a class of chemicals that are considered pollutants due to their persistent toxic effects.


Organohalogens can be transformed into less harmful compounds through dehalogenation methods using transition metal catalysts such as palladium, rhodium, iron, and nickel.
Palladium is the most commonly used transition metal for this transformation.


Organohalogens, any of a class of organic compounds that contain at least one halogen (fluorine [F], chlorine [Cl], bromine [Br], or iodine [I]) bonded to carbon.
Organohalogens are subdivided into alkyl, vinylic, aryl, and acyl halides.


In alkyl halides all four bonds to the carbon that bears the halogen are single bonds; in vinylic halides the carbon that bears the halogen is doubly bonded to another carbon; in aryl halides the halogen-bearing carbon is part of an aromatic ring; and in acyl halides (also called acid halides) the halogen-bearing carbon is doubly bonded to oxygen.


Organohalogens differ widely in chemical reactivity, depending on the halogen and the class to which they belong, and they may even differ within a class.
A halogen substituent is considered a functional group, and the transformations of organohalogen compounds rank among the most important in organic chemistry.


Organohalogens, Any of a class of organic compounds that contain at least one halogen (i.e., fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine) bonded to carbon.
There are more than 2,000 naturally occurring Organohalogens, and there exist a variety of synthetic methods to introduce halogens into organic molecules.
Organohalogens are a large group of natural and synthetic chemicals.


Halogenated compounds, or organic halides, are organic compounds that contain halogen atoms.
Organohalogens are organic compounds containing halogen atoms as part of their molecule.
Haloalkanes (alkyl halides), haloarenes (aryl halides) and acid halides are some of the important classes of these compounds.


Organohalogens are the collective term used for compounds containing, in addition to carbon, elements of the halogen group, including astatine, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
Organochlorine compounds form a sub-group of the organohalogen group.


Organohalogens chemicals have a wide range of applications in both everyday life and industry.
Organic compounds with halogen atoms in their molecules are known as Organohalogens.
Haloalkanes (alkyl halides), haloarenes (aryl halides), and acid halides are examples of these compounds.


A polar C-X functional group is present in their molecules, with X being a halogen atom such as F, Cl, Br, or I.
The carbon atom has a partial positive charge, whereas the halogen atom, which is more electronegative than carbon, has a partial negative charge.
Halogenated compounds are those that contain a halogen element, such as chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine, and so on.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORGANOHALOGENS:
Many organohalogen compounds, especially organochlorine compounds, are important industrial chemicals; they are used as solvents and pesticides and as intermediates in the preparation of dyes, drugs, and synthetic polymers.
More than 2,000 organohalogen compounds have been identified as naturally occurring materials and are produced by various plants, fungi, bacteria, and marine organisms.


A variety of synthetic methods to introduce halogens into organic molecules are available, and organic halogen compounds may be converted to other functional-group classes by reliable methods.
Organohalogens have a broad range of uses; for example, they may be used as intermediates in the production of dyes and resins, as pesticides, or as refrigerants.


Organohalogens that are of environmental concern because they contribute to the destruction of the ozone layer in the Earth’s upper atmosphere include chloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
Simple Organohalogens, such as alkyl halides, are made by substituting one or more H atoms in hydrocarbons with X atom(s).


The hybridization of the carbon to which the halogen is bound can be used to classify these compounds.
Organohalogens are employed as laboratory and industrial solvents (such as chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, westron, and westrosol); as precursors to other organic compounds; as anaesthetics (e.g. halothane); as refrigerants (such as freons); and so on.



EXAMPLES OF ORGANOHALOGENS:
The general term of Organohalogens refers to compounds with covalent carbon-halogen bonds Substances such as bromomethane (CH3Br) and chloroethane (CH3CH2Cl) are examples of Organohalogens, whereas others such as methylammonium chloride salt, which have no carbon-halogen bonds, are not.



CLASS OF ORGANOHALOGENS:
*Alkyl Halides (or haloalkanes)
*Allylic Halides
*Benzylic Halides


*Alkyl Halides
Alkyl Halides or Haloalkanes are represented by R-X.
The X atom is bonded to sp3 hybridised carbon of an alkyl group R that is derived from an alkane.
Mono Haloalkanes are represented by the general formula CnH2n+1X .
These are obtained by replacing one of the hydrogen from alkane by halogen.


*Allylic Halides
In allylic halides, the halogen is bonded to an sp3 – hybridised carbon atom, which is adjacent to a C=C.
This carbon is also known as allylic carbon.
For example, allyl chloride.
They also show a special trend in reactivity because of the stability of allyl carbocation.


*Benzylic Halides
The halogen group, in benzylic halides is bonded to an sp3 – hybridised benzylic carbon atom, which in return is bonded to an aromatic ring.
For example, Benzyl bromide.
They are also more reactive than normal haloalkanes due to the stability of benzyl carbocations.



NOMENCLATURE OF ORGANOHALOGENS:
Two types of IUPAC nomenclature are used when naming organohalogen compounds: substitutive and functional class.
In substitutive nomenclature the prefix fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, or iodo- is added to the name of the hydrocarbon framework along with a number (called a locant) identifying the carbon to which the halogen is attached.

Substituents, including the halogen, are listed in alphabetical order.
Examples of substitutive nomenclature are given here.
Molecular structures.

Two separate words are used when naming alkyl halides by functional class nomenclature.
The first word is the IUPAC name of the alkyl group (for an explanation of IUPAC nomenclature, see hydrocarbon), and the second is the word fluoride, chloride, bromide, or iodide—depending on the halogen.

The alkyl group chain is numbered beginning at the carbon to which the halogen is attached.
Some chlorinated hydrocarbons are known by common names of long standing.
These include CH2Cl2 (methylene chloride), CHCl3 (chloroform), CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride), CH2=CHCl (vinyl chloride), and CH2=CCl2 (vinylidene chloride).



CARBON-HALOGEN BOND STRENGTHS AND REACTIVITY OF ORGANOHALOGENS:
Among the various classes of Organohalogens, aryl halides have the strongest carbon-halogen bonds and alkyl halides the weakest, as, for example, in the following series of organochlorine compounds. (The bond dissociation energy is the amount of energy needed to break a given bond of a molecule in the gaseous phase.)

There is a rough correlation between bond strength and the rates of reaction of Organohalogens; for example, the stronger the carbon-halogen bond, the slower the rate of reaction.
Many of the most common and useful reactions of alkyl halides, when applied to vinylic or aryl halides, occur too slowly to be practical.


*Alkyl halides
**Structure and physical properties
Alkyl halides (RX, where R is an alkyl group and X is F, Cl, Br, or I) are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary according to the degree of substitution at the carbon to which the halogen is attached.

In a primary alkyl halide, the carbon that bears the halogen is directly bonded to one other carbon, in a secondary alkyl halide to two, and in a tertiary alkyl halide to three.
Molecular structures of primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl halides.

The methods used to prepare alkyl halides and the reactions that alkyl halides undergo frequently depend on whether the alkyl halide is primary, secondary, or tertiary.

A halogen substituent draws the electrons in the C―X bond toward itself, giving the carbon a partial positive charge (δ+) and the halogen a partial negative charge (δ-).
The presence of the resulting polar covalent bond makes most alkyl halides polar compounds.

Because the bond dipole (the measure of the separation of charge) of a C―X bond is the product of a charge term (largest for fluorine and smallest for iodine) and a distance term (smallest for fluorine and largest for iodine), the molecular dipole moments of alkyl halides do not vary much from one halogen to another.

The most important reactions of Organohalogens involve breaking the carbon-halogen bond by processes in which the halogen retains both of the electrons from the original bond and is lost as a negatively charged ion (X−).
Consistent with the order of carbon-halogen bond strengths, in which the bond to fluorine is the strongest and the bond to iodine the weakest of the carbon-halogen bonds, fluorides are normally observed to be the least reactive of the alkyl halides and iodides the most reactive.

The boiling points of ethyl halides increase as the atomic number of the halogen increases.
With increasing atomic number the halogen becomes more polarizable, meaning that the electric field associated with the atom is more easily distorted by the presence of nearby electric fields.

Fluorine is the least polarizable of the halogens and iodine the most polarizable.
An increased polarizability is associated with stronger intermolecular attractive forces of the London dispersion type (see chemical bonding: Intermolecular forces) and therefore with an increased boiling point.

Multiple halogen substitution tends to increase the boiling point: CH3Cl boils at −24 °C (−11 °F), CH2Cl2 at 40 °C (104 °F), CHCl3 at 61 °C (142 °F), and CCl4 at 77 °C (171 °F).
Multiple fluorine substitution is an exception, however: CH3CH2F boils at −32 °C (−26 °F), CH3CHF2 at −25 °C (−13 °F), CH3CF3 at −47 °C (−53 °F), and CF3CF3 at −78 °C (−108 °F).

By reducing the molecular polarizability, multiple fluorine substitution weakens the strength of dispersion forces between molecules.
In the liquid state these weakened intermolecular attractive forces are reflected in unusually low boiling points, and in the solid state they are responsible for the novel properties of fluorocarbon polymers.

The densities of alkyl halides are related to intermolecular attractive forces and tend to parallel boiling points, alkyl fluorides being the least dense and alkyl iodides the most dense.

In general, alkyl fluorides and chlorides are less dense than water, and bromides and iodides are more dense than water.
Alkyl halides are not soluble in water.



NATURAL OCCURRENCE OF ORGANOHALOGENS:
Estimates place the amount of chloromethane (methyl chloride; CH3Cl) that results from natural biological processes at more than five million tons (five billion kilograms) per year.
Most of this is produced in the oceans by marine algae and kelp, but terrestrial organisms—especially fungi—also contribute.

Smaller quantities (less than 250,000 tons per year) enter the atmosphere as a result of volcanic emissions, forest fires, and human activity.
Ocean-living organisms are a source of bromomethane (CH3Br) and iodomethane (CH3I).
More than 50 Organohalogens, including CHBr3, CHBrClI, BrCH2CH2I, CH2I2, Br2CHCH=O, I2CHCO2H, and (Cl3C)2C=O, have been identified as being present in the
Hawaiian red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis.
Virtually every marine plant that has been assayed has been found to produce Organohalogens, many of which have quite complicated structures.
Several naturally occurring halogen-containing substances have pharmaceutical applications.

Fluorine-containing natural products are relatively rare, the most prominent examples being ω-fluoro fatty acids.
(The prefix ω indicates that the substitution occurs at the end of a chain.)

Fluoroacetic acid, FCH2CO2H, occurs in the South African plant Dichapetalum cymosum and is quite toxic.
A related Dichapetalum species contains 16-fluorohexadecanoic acid, FCH2(CH2)14CO2H, which is also poisonous when ingested, because of its subsequent metabolic conversion to fluoroacetic acid.



HALOGENOALKANES, ORGANOHALOGENS:
Organohalogens have a hydrocarbon skeleton with a halogen functional group.
The hydrocarbon skeleton may be aliphatic or aromatic and the halogen may be fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.

There are three main types of Organohalogens molecules:
the halogenoalkanes, the acid halides and the halogenoarenes (aromatic halogens).

Halogenoalkanes (or haloalkanes):
The halogenoalkanes are molecules in which one (or more) of the hydrogen atoms within an alkane molecule has been replaced by a halogen atom.

Structural isomers are a very common feature of the halogenoalkanes.
Changing the position of a halogen atom within a halogenoalkane makes a great difference to the properties of the molecule.
The halogenoalkanes may be classified into primary, secondary and tertiary compounds.



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORGANOHALOGENS:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORGANOHALOGENS:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORGANOHALOGENS:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORGANOHALOGENS:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORGANOHALOGENS:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORGANOHALOGENS:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


Orkide Çiçeği Ekstraktı
Phalaenopsis Lobbi Extract;doritis lobbii extract; phalaenopsis parishii var. lobbii extract; polychilos lobbii extract cas no: N/A
ORP 5070
ORP 5070 ORP 5070 is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / VeoVa copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 5070 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to ORP 5070’s particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070 improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of ORP 5070 mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially after heat aging and water immersion conditions ORP 5070 provides excellent performance. TYPICAL PROPERTIES OF ORP 5070 Appearance of ORP 5070 White powder Chemical composition of ORP 5070 VA / VeoVa Copolymer Stabilizing System of ORP 5070 PVOH Residual Humidity (%)of ORP 5070 Max. 1.5 Density (g/l) of ORP 5070 525 ± 75 Ash Content (%) of ORP 5070 12 ± 2 Alkali Resistance of ORP 5070 High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water 6.0 – 7.0 pH MFFT (°C) of ORP 5070 8 Due to strong adhesion properties of ORP 5070, ORP 5070 can be used for manufacturing of tile adhesives and EIFS adhesives fullfilling requirements of standarts. The recommended dosages: C1 tile adhesives of ORP 5070 : 0.5 – 1.0 % C2 tile adhesives of ORP 5070 : 2.0 – 5.0 % EIFS adhesives of ORP 5070: 1.0 – 2.0 % Having excellent adhesion properties of ORP 5070, abrassion and water resistance of ORP 5070, ORP 5070 can be used in tile grouts and repair mortar formulations, between 2.0 – 4.0 %. Because of providing excellent water resistance of ORP 5070 and compressive strength of ORP 5070 ORP 5070 can be used also in EIFS plaster formulations, between 3.0 – 5.0 %. ORP 5070 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070 improves adhesion, ORP 5070 improves flexibility and ORP 5070 improves water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially after heat aging and in water immersion conditions, ORP 5070 provides excellent performance. ORP 5070 is used in Tile adhesives.ORP 5070 is used in Tile grouts and repair mortars.ORP 5070 is used in EIFS plasters.ORP 5070 is used in Adhesives fro EPS and XPS boards. ORP 5070 has excellent adhesion properties, ORP 5070 abrasion and water resistance, ORP 5070 can be used in tile joints and repair mortar formulations between 2.0 - 4.0%. Due to the excellent water resistance of ORP 5070 and the compressive strength of ORP 5070, ORP 5070 can be used in EIFS plaster formulations between 3.0 - 5.0%. ORP 5070 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. ORP 5070 improves adhesion due to its unique chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070 increases flexibility and ORP 5070 increases the water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. ORP 5070 provides excellent performance especially after heat aging and immersion in water. ORP 5070 is used for tile adhesives, ORP 5070 for tile mortars and repair mortars, ORP 5070 for EIFS plasters, ORP 5070 for EPS and XPS boards. ORP 5070; is a redispersible powder produced by an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / VeoVa copolymer with PVOH as a protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the ORP 5070 polymer; allows the polymer to coalesce. ORP 5070 Provides good adhesion to re-dispersed polymer and cementitious substrates at low temperatures. ORP 5070 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its special chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070; cement; adhesion of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as gypsum or lime; improves flexibility and water resistance. ORP 5070 offers excellent performance especially after heat aging and water immersion conditions. ORP 5070 is a ready-to-use, ORP 5070 fast drying, ORP 5070, water-based acrylic (VEOVA) copolymer floor and wall insulation primer with specific chemical and physical properties. ORP 5070 is an easy product to prepare for use. ORP 5070 It has excellent waterproofing. ORP 5070 Practical and easy to apply. ORP 5070 is water-based and environmentally friendly. ORP 5070 has high strength and UV resistance. ORP 5070 Provides the insulation of the walls and floors where it is applied, and allows breathing. ORP 5070 is used in floors, terraces and roofs that create wet areas and water ponding. ORP 5070 is used in foundation curtain concrete. ORP 5070 It is used as an adherence enhancing primer on the interior and exterior facades of buildings, on surfaces with adherence problems, before the product to be applied with the final layer. ORP 5070 It is used as an adherence enhancer before the screed to be applied on old concrete floors. ORP 5070 is used in factory warehouse areas. ORP 5070 is used for tile adhesives, ORP 5070 for tile mortars and repair mortars, ORP 5070 for EIFS plasters, ORP 5070 for EPS and XPS boards. ORP 5070 It is used on old surfaces with resistance problems. ORP 5070 is used as a protector on garden concrete and stone surfaces. ORP 5070 is used in sports fields with concrete and asphalt floors. Compounds modified with ORP 5070 VAE exhibit improved adhesion, flexural strength, deformability, wear resistance and are easier to process. Leveling, thixotropy and water retention are essentially unaffected. ORP 5070 is ideal for use with other mortar additives aimed at improving certain properties. ORP 5070 increases the adhesion between the base layer and the mortar, ORP 5070 makes the mortar with better alkali resistance. ORP 5070 Increases the compressive strength of the mortar, ORP 5070 extends the opening time. . ORP 5070 has excellent adhesion properties, ORP 5070 abrasion and water resistance, ORP 5070 can be used in tile joints and repair mortar formulations between 2.0 - 4.0%. Due to the excellent water resistance of ORP 5070 and the compressive strength of ORP 5070, ORP 5070 can be used in EIFS plaster formulations between 3.0 - 5.0%. ORP 5070 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. ORP 5070 improves adhesion due to its unique chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070 increases flexibility and ORP 5070 increases the water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. ORP 5070 provides excellent performance especially after heat aging and immersion in water. ORP 5070 is used for tile adhesives, ORP 5070 is used as a protector on garden concrete and stone surfaces. ORP 5070 is used in sports fields with concrete and asphalt floors. Compounds modified with ORP 5070 VAE exhibit improved adhesion, flexural strength, deformability, wear resistance and are easier to process. Leveling, thixotropy and water retention are essentially unaffected. ORP 5070 is ideal for use with other mortar additives aimed at improving certain properties. ORP 5070 increases the adhesion between the base layer and the mortar, ORP 5070 makes the mortar with better alkali resistance. ORP 5070 is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / VeoVa copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 5070 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to ORP 5070’s particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070 improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of ORP 5070 mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially after heat aging and water immersion conditions ORP 5070 provides excellent performance. TYPICAL PROPERTIES OF ORP 5070 Appearance of ORP 5070 White powder Chemical composition of ORP 5070 VA / VeoVa Copolymer Stabilizing System of ORP 5070 PVOH Residual Humidity (%)of ORP 5070 Max. 1.5 Density (g/l) of ORP 5070 525 ± 75 Ash Content (%) of ORP 5070 12 ± 2 Alkali Resistance of ORP 5070 High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water 6.0 – 7.0 pH MFFT (°C) of ORP 5070 8 Due to strong adhesion properties of ORP 5070, ORP 5070 can be used for manufacturing of tile adhesives and EIFS adhesives fullfilling requirements of standarts. The recommended dosages: C1 tile adhesives of ORP 5070 : 0.5 – 1.0 % C2 tile adhesives of ORP 5070 : 2.0 – 5.0 % EIFS adhesives of ORP 5070: 1.0 – 2.0 % Having excellent adhesion properties of ORP 5070, abrassion and water resistance of ORP 5070, ORP 5070 can be used in tile grouts and repair mortar formulations, between 2.0 – 4.0 %. Because of providing excellent water resistance of ORP 5070 and compressive strength of ORP 5070 ORP 5070 can be used also in EIFS plaster formulations, between 3.0 – 5.0 %. ORP 5070 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070 improves adhesion, ORP 5070 improves flexibility and ORP 5070 improves water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially after heat aging and in water immersion conditions, ORP 5070 provides excellent performance. ORP 5070 is used in Tile adhesives.ORP 5070 is used in Tile grouts and repair mortars.ORP 5070 is used in EIFS plasters.ORP 5070 is used in Adhesives fro EPS and XPS boards. ORP 5070 has excellent adhesion properties, ORP 5070 abrasion and water resistance, ORP 5070 can be used in tile joints and repair mortar formulations between 2.0 - 4.0%. Due to the excellent water resistance of ORP 5070 and the compressive strength of ORP 5070, ORP 5070 can be used in EIFS plaster formulations between 3.0 - 5.0%. ORP 5070 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. ORP 5070 improves adhesion due to its unique chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070 increases flexibility and ORP 5070 increases the water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. ORP 5070 provides excellent performance especially after heat aging and immersion in water. ORP 5070 is used for tile adhesives, ORP 5070 for tile mortars and repair mortars, ORP 5070 for EIFS plasters, ORP 5070 for EPS and XPS boards. ORP 5070; is a redispersible powder produced by an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / VeoVa copolymer with PVOH as a protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the ORP 5070 polymer; allows the polymer to coalesce. ORP 5070 Provides good adhesion to re-dispersed polymer and cementitious substrates at low temperatures. ORP 5070 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its special chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070; cement; adhesion of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as gypsum or lime; improves flexibility and water resistance. ORP 5070 offers excellent performance especially after heat aging and water immersion conditions. ORP 5070 is a ready-to-use, ORP 5070 fast drying, ORP 5070, water-based acrylic (VEOVA) copolymer floor and wall insulation primer with specific chemical and physical properties. ORP 5070 is an easy product to prepare for use. ORP 5070 It has excellent waterproofing. ORP 5070 Practical and easy to apply. ORP 5070 is water-based and environmentally friendly. ORP 5070 has high strength and UV resistance. ORP 5070 Provides the insulation of the walls and floors where it is applied, and allows breathing. ORP 5070 is used in floors, terraces and roofs that create wet areas and water ponding. ORP 5070 is used in foundation curtain concrete. ORP 5070 It is used as an adherence enhancing primer on the interior and exterior facades of buildings, on surfaces with adherence problems, before the product to be applied with the final layer. ORP 5070 It is used as an adherence enhancer before the screed to be applied on old concrete floors. ORP 5070 is used in factory warehouse areas. ORP 5070 is used for tile adhesives, ORP 5070 for tile mortars and repair mortars, ORP 5070 for EIFS plasters, ORP 5070 for EPS and XPS boards. ORP 5070 It is used on old surfaces with resistance problems. ORP 5070 is used as a protector on garden concrete and stone surfaces. ORP 5070 is used in sports fields with concrete and asphalt floors. Compounds modified with ORP 5070 VAE exhibit improved adhesion, flexural strength, deformability, wear resistance and are easier to process. Leveling, thixotropy and water retention are essentially unaffected. ORP 5070 is ideal for use with other mortar additives aimed at improving certain properties. ORP 5070 increases the adhesion between the base layer and the mortar, ORP 5070 makes the mortar with better alkali resistance. ORP 5070 Increases the compressive strength of the mortar, ORP 5070 extends the opening time. . ORP 5070 has excellent adhesion properties, ORP 5070 abrasion and water resistance, ORP 5070 can be used in tile joints and repair mortar formulations between 2.0 - 4.0%. Due to the excellent water resistance of ORP 5070 and the compressive strength of ORP 5070, ORP 5070 can be used in EIFS plaster formulations between 3.0 - 5.0%. ORP 5070 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. ORP 5070 improves adhesion due to its unique chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070 increases flexibility and ORP 5070 increases the water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. ORP 5070 provides excellent performance especially after heat aging and immersion in water. ORP 5070 is used for tile adhesives, ORP 5070 is used as a protector on garden concrete and stone surfaces. ORP 5070 is used in sports fields with concrete and asphalt floors. Compounds modified with ORP 5070 VAE exhibit improved adhesion, flexural strength, deformability, wear resistance and are easier to process. Leveling, thixotropy and water retention are essentially unaffected. ORP 5070 is ideal for use with other mortar additives aimed at improving certain properties. ORP 5070 increases the adhesion between the base layer and the mortar, ORP 5070 makes the mortar with better alkali resistance.
ORP 5070 MP
ORP 5070 MP ORP 5070 MP is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / VeoVa copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 5070 MP is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070 MP improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially after heat aging and water immersion conditions ORP 5070 MP provides excellent performance. TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance White powder Chemical composition VA / VeoVa Copolymer Stabilizing System PVOH Residual Humidity (%) Max. 1.5 Density (g/l) 525 ± 75 Ash Content (%) 12 ± 2 Alkali Resistance High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water pH 6.0 – 7.0 MFFT (°C) 8 APPLICATION AREAS Adhesives: Due to its strong adhesion properties, ORP 5070 MP can be used for manufacturing of tile adhesives and EIFS adhesives fullfilling requirements of standarts. The recommended dosages: C1 tile adhesives : 0.5 – 1.0 % C2 tile adhesives : 2.0 – 5.0 % EIFS adhesives : 1.0 – 2.0 % Tile Grouts and Repair Mortars: Having excellent adhesion properties, abrassion and water resistance, ORP 5070 MP can be used in tile grouts and repair mortar formulations, between 2.0 – 4.0 %. EIFS Plasters: Because of providing excellent water resistance and compressive strength ORP 5070 MP can be used also in EIFS plaster formulations, between 3.0 – 5.0 % PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE Packaging: Pallet with 18 or 30 paper bags, each 25 kg (450 or 750 kg) also 500 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse at temperatures between 10 – 25 °C. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months. ORP 5070 MP is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 5070 MP is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070 MP improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in self levelling mortar formulations ORP 5070 MP provides excellent abrasion resistance, flexural & compressive stength and good leveling. APPLICATION AREAS of ORP 5070 MP ORP 5070 MP can be used between 1.5 – 4.0 % in self leveling mortar formulations. This amount of usage provides high abrasion resistance, water resistance, flexural & compressive strength. Also decreases segmentation and efflorescence. PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE of ORP 5070 MP Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. ORP 5070 MP has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. ORP 5070 MP is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070 MP improves adhesion, flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially because of the flexible nature, ORP 5070 MP performs very well in transverse deformation conditions. APPLICATION AREAS of ORP 5070 MP ORP 5070 MP can be used in mortar formulations where highly flexbily/elastic, hydrophobic and water resistant behavior is required at the same time. In high performance of ceramic tile grouts formulations (CG2) ORP 5070 MP can be used with the ratio of 2.0 - 4.0 % in weight and without requiring an additional hydrophobic agent. Moreover ORP 5070 MP is a very suitable redispersible powder polymer for cementitious water proofing mortars.It can be used with the ratio of 7.0 - 12.0 % in weight in 1K cementitious water proofing mortar formulations. Because of its molecular structure it provides high crack bridging ability. Also ORP 5070 MP performs very well in cementitious exterior plasters and topcoats with the amunt of 2.0 - 4.0 %. PRODUCT HANDLING - STORAGE - SHELFLIFE of ORP 5070 MP Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. Product identifier Product name ORP 5070 MP Chemical name and synonym Vinyl Acetate l VeoVa l Acrylic terpolymer Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Intended use Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars The product does not contain substances classified as being hazardous to human health or the environment pursuant to the provisions Regulation (EU) 1272/2008 (CLP) (and subsequent amendments and supplements) in such quantities as to require the statement. ORP 5070 MP is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO2CH=CH2. This colorless liquid is the precursor to polyORP 5070 MP , an important industrial polymer. 1 Production of ORP 5070 MP 2 Preparation of ORP 5070 MP 2.1 Mechanism of ORP 5070 MP 2.2 Alternative routes 3 Polymerization of ORP 5070 MP 4 Other reactions of ORP 5070 MP 5 Toxicity evaluation of ORP 5070 MP Production of ORP 5070 MP The worldwide production capacity of ORP 5070 MP was estimated at 6,969,000 tonnes/year in 2007, with most capacity concentrated in the United States (1,585,000 all in Texas), China (1,261,000), Japan (725,000) and Taiwan (650,000).[4] The average list price for 2008 was $1600/tonne. Celanese is the largest producer (ca 25% of the worldwide capacity), while other significant producers include China Petrochemical Corporation (7%), Chang Chun Group (6%), and LyondellBasell (5%).[4] It is a key ingredient in furniture glue.[5] Preparation ORP 5070 MP is the acetate ester of vinyl alcohol. Since vinyl alcohol is highly unstable (with respect to acetaldehyde), the preparation of ORP 5070 MP is more complex than the synthesis of other acetate esters. The major industrial route involves the reaction of ethylene and acetic acid with oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst.[6] {\displaystyle {\ce {2 C2H4 + 2 CH3CO2H + O2 -> 2 CH3CO2CHCH2 + 2 H2O}}}{\displaystyle {\ce {2 C2H4 + 2 CH3CO2H + O2 -> 2 CH3CO2CHCH2 + 2 H2O}}} The main side reaction is the combustion of organic precursors. Mechanism Isotope labeling and kinetics experiments suggest that the mechanism involves PdCH2CH2OAc-containing intermediates. Beta-hydride elimination would generate ORP 5070 MP and a palladium hydride, which would be oxidized to give hydroxide. Polymerization It can be polymerized to give polyORP 5070 MP (PVA). With other monomers it can be used to prepare various copolymers such as ethylene-ORP 5070 MP (EVA), ORP 5070 MP -acrylic acid (VA/AA), polyvinyl chloride acetate (PVCA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (Vp/Va Copolymer, used in hair gels).[8] Due to the instability of the radical, attempts to control the polymerization via most 'living/controlled' radical processes have proved problematic. However, RAFT (or more specifically MADIX) polymerization offers a convenient method of controlling the synthesis of PVA by the addition of a xanthate or a dithiocarbamate chain transfer agent. Other reactions ORP 5070 MP undergoes many of the reactions anticipated for an alkene and an ester. Bromine adds to give the dibromide. Hydrogen halides add to give 1-haloethyl acetates, which cannot be generated by other methods because of the non-availability of the corresponding halo-alcohols. Acetic acid adds in the presence of palladium catalysts to give ethylidene diacetate, CH3CH(OAc)2. It undergoes transesterification with a variety of carboxylic acids.[9] The alkene also undergoes Diels-Alder and 2+2 cycloadditions. ORP 5070 MP undergoes transesterification, giving access to vinyl ethers: ROH + CH2=CHOAc → ROCH=CH2 + HOAc Toxicity evaluation Tests suggest that ORP 5070 MP is of low toxicity. For rats (oral) LD50 is 2920 mg/kg.[3] On January 31, 2009, the Government of Canada's final assessment concluded that exposure to ORP 5070 MP is not harmful to human health.[12] This decision under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) was based on new information received during the public comment period, as well as more recent information from the risk assessment conducted by the European Union. It is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities. ORP 5070 MP appears as a clear colorless liquid. Flash point 18°F. Density 7.8 lb / gal. Slightly soluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Vapors irritate the eyes and respiratory system. May polymerize if heated or contaminated. If polymerization occurs inside a container, the container may violently rupture. Used to make adhesives, paints, and plastics. At 20 °C, a saturated solution of ORP 5070 MP in water contains 2.0-2.4 wt % ORP 5070 MP , whereas a saturated solution of water in ORP 5070 MP contains 0.9-1.0 wt % water; at 50 °C, the solubility of ORP 5070 MP in water is 0.1 wt % more than at 20 °C, but the solubility of water in ORP 5070 MP doubles to about 2 wt % The/ fate of inhaled ORP 5070 MP in rabbits /was studied/. ... ORP 5070 MP tended to remain in the body after it was inhaled; 70% of the ORP 5070 MP administered was retained, and an equilibrium was established in the first few min after exposure began. ... No ORP 5070 MP /was found/ in the blood, either during or after its inhalation, which suggested ... that ORP 5070 MP is rapidly metabolized when it enters the body through the lungs. Two male Wistar Rats exposed to ORP 5070 MP (stabilized with 0.01% hydroquinone) concentrations varying between 200 and 2000 ppm in closed chambers with an exposure time of 1.4 hr or less demonstrated dose dependent elimination kinetics. The authors concluded that the metabolic pathways became saturated when ORP 5070 MP exposure levels exceeded 650 ppm (2320 mg/cu m). ORP 5070 MP deposition was measured in the isolated upper respiratory tract (URT) of anaesthetized adult male CrlCD:BR rats at exposure concentrations ranging from 73 to 2190 ppm during 1 hr inhalation under unidirectional flow conditions (flow rate 100 mL/min) ... Preliminary experiments showed that approximately 8 min of exposure was required for ORP 5070 MP to achieve a steady state in nasal tissues. After 8 min of equilibration, impinger samples were collected, approximately every 4 min, for up to 40 min and analyzed for ORP 5070 MP and acetaldehyde by gas chromatography ... Acetaldehyde was found in expired air at all ORP 5070 MP exposure concentrations. With increasing the ORP 5070 MP exposure, concentration of acetaldehyde in expired air increased. At ORP 5070 MP exposure of approximately 1000 ppm the concentration of acetaldehyde in the expired air was 277 ppm (499 mg/cu m). Rats were administered oral doses of 14C-ORP 5070 MP (labeled at the vinyl moiety, 1 mL of a 10000 ppm (v/v) aqueous solution, overall dose level 297 mg/kg bw) by gastric intubation. The dosing regimen was 6 times 1 hour apart. During the dosing regime and subsequent 96 hr collection period, a mean of 64.4% of the administered radioactivity was excreted (1.4% in feces, 1.8% in urine and 61.2% in exhaled air). In addition a mean of 5.4% was found in the carcass at 96 hr. The major portion of the urinary radioactivity was excreted within the first 24 hr. Most of the radioactivity eliminated by the expired air was recovered during the 6 hr dosing regime and the first 6 hr after dosing. This portion of radioactivity was recovered from the traps designed for collecting carbon dioxide. The authors of the study suppose, that the unaccounted 30.1% of the dose were most likely lost in the expired air, which escaped from the metabolism cages when the animals were removed for dosing. There was a wide tissue distribution of radioactivity following administration of 14C-ORP 5070 MP by the oral route. One hour after the sixth dose the highest mean concentrations of radioactivity were found in the harderian gland and the submaxillary salivary gland. High levels were also found in the liver, kidney, stomach, ileum, colon and gastrointestinal tract contents. Low concentrations of radioactivity were found in fat. Attempts have been undertaken to determine ORP 5070 MP metabolites in urine and feces. No radiolabeled carbonates or bicarbonates were found in urine or feces. Thin layer chromatography of urine indicated that there was one major radioactive fraction and several minor fractions. Exhaled radioactivity was entirely present as 14C carbon dioxide. Therefore it can be concluded, that 63 % of orally applied 14C ORP 5070 MP is excreted as metabolites. On/ hydrolysis /in the blood/, ORP 5070 MP yields acetic acid, a normal body constituent, and vinyl alcohol, which should rapidly tautomerize to yield acetaldehyde, another normal body constituent. The hydrolysis of ORP 5070 MP was studied in vitro with rat liver and lung microsomes, rat and human plasma and purified esterases (acetylcholine esterase, butyrylcholine esterase, carboxyl esterase). Characterization of the kinetic parameters revealed that rat liver microsomes and purified carboxyl esterase (from porcine liver) displayed the highest activity. In order to establish the rate of metab of ORP 5070 MP in vivo, rats were exposed in closed desiccator jar chambers, and gas uptake kinetics were studied. The decay of ORP 5070 MP was dose-dependent, indicating possible satn of metabolic pathway(s). The maximal clearance (at lower concn) of ORP 5070 MP from the system (30,000 mL/hr/kg) was similar to the maximal ventilation rate in this species. The exposure of rats to ORP 5070 MP resulted in a transient exhalation of significant amts of acetaldehyde into the closed exposure system. Gas chromatographic analysis of human whole-blood lymphocyte cultures treated for 10 seconds to 20 min with ORP 5070 MP (5.4 mM) revealed a rapid degradation of ORP 5070 MP and formation of acetaldehyde. During the 20 min observation period, no degradation of ORP 5070 MP or formation of acetaldehyde were observed in complete culture medium without blood, which suggested that the reaction was enzymatic. ORP 5070 MP hydrolysis has been studied in vitro in the oral mucosal tissues from the oral cavity of rats and mice. The hydrolysis activity of the oral tissues is at least 100-fold lower than that of the nasal tissues. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model was developed which describes the deposition of ORP 5070 MP in the nasal cavity of the rat. This model predicts steady state concentrations of the metabolite acetic acid after continuing 6 hr-exposure in respiratory tissue which are approximately 13 times greater and in olfactory tissue which are approximately 2 times greater than those of acetaldehyde, the second metabolite. As the concentration of acids is indicative for the concentration of protons the model predicts the greatest reduction in intracellular pHi for respiratory mucosa. Hence, pH effects should be more pronounced in this tissue as compared to other tissues. This physiologically based toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic model for rat was modified for the olfactory epithelium of the both human and rat nasal cavity. The change in intracellular pH is predicted to be slightly greater for human olfactory epithelium, than that of rats. To provide validation data for this model, controlled human exposures at exposure levels of 1, 5 and 10 ppm to inhaled ORP 5070 MP were conducted. Air was sampled by a probe inserted into the nasopharyngeal cavity of five volunteers at bi-directional breathing through the nose. Data from ion trap mass spectrometry measurements of labeled ORP 5070 MP and acetaldehyde were compared with data from the human nasal model simulation. For the ORP 5070 MP data a good fit was demonstrated (r = 0.9). The metabolism of ORP 5070 MP has been studied in animals ... ORP 5070 MP is rapidly hydrolyzed by esterases in the blood to acetate and the unstable intermediate, vinyl alcohol. Vinyl alcohol is rapidly converted to acetaldehyde, which in turn is metabolized to acetate in the liver. This in turn is incorporated into the "2 carbon pool" of normal body metabolism and eventually forms CO2 as the major breakdown product. Therefore, the metabolism of ORP 5070 MP results in two acetate molecules that enter the 2 carbon pool. This has been confirmed in excretion studies that have documented 14CO2 in exhaled air as the major metabolite and source of radioactivity recovered following either inhalation or oral exposure to 14C-VA. A very small amount also appears to be excreted in the urine as urea and several other unidentified metabolites. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of administration. Similar results were found in rats exposed to concentrations of ORP 5070 MP (200-2,000 ppm) in the air for 1.4 hours or less. The results show that ORP 5070 MP is rapidly metabolized by blood esterases and that hepatic monooxygenases have a minor role, if any, in the metabolism of ORP 5070 MP. In vitro metabolic studies show that ORP 5070 MP added to preparations of rat liver supernatant did conjugate (although not to a large degree) with glutathione. The reaction is mediated by glutathione S-transferase and further metabolism produces mercapturic acid derivatives that are eliminated in the urine. Rats exposed for 5 hours a day for 6 months to ORP 5070 MP in the air (10, 100, or 500 mg/cu m) showed a significant depletion of free non-protein thiols in the liver but not in a dose-dependent pattern. According to the authors, the thiol depletion indicates that conjugation with glutathione plays an important role in the detoxification of this chemical. Similar results were seen in rats, guinea pigs, and mice given single intraperitoneal doses of ORP 5070 MP . The highest decrease (50%) in SH content was seen in guinea pigs following a single intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg/kg ORP 5070 MP . Glutathione conjugation may decrease the toxicity of potentially harmful electrophiles by facilitating excretion into the bile. These studies show that ORP 5070 MP quickly undergoes hydrolysis in the body through several intermediate steps to form the principal end products, carbon dioxide and water. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of ORP 5070 MP exposure, but did show nonlinear kinetic patterns at high concentrations, indicating that the metabolic processes are saturable. In vivo and in vitro tests indicate that ORP 5070 MP may bind to various degrees with glutathione in different species, which may help to detoxify ORP 5070 MP or its metabolites and enhance their elimination. ORP 5070 MP is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterases to acetic acid and acetaldehyde which is subsequently oxidized to acetic acid by aldehyde dehydrogenases. Acetate enters the citric cycle in an activated form as acetyl coenzyme A. ORP 5070 MP metabolism not only takes place in the liver but also in several tissues. The half-life of /200 uM/ ORP 5070 MP elimination in human whole blood was 4.1 minutes as compared to /less than/ 1 minute in rat whole blood. Acetaldehyde is a metabolite of ORP 5070 MP through esterase-mediated metabolism. It is discussed that ORP 5070 MP exhibits its genotoxicity via acetaldehyde. For example /researchers/ demonstrated that ORP 5070 MP induces /DNA protein crosslinking/ via acetaldehyde, and ... chromosomal damage induced by ORP 5070 MP in mammalian cell cultures is through formation of acetaldehyde ... Acetaldehyde is a naturally occurring substance in the metabolic pathways of animals and humans (metabolism of ethanol and sugars). It occurs in small quantities in human blood. Therefore, it may well be that acetaldehyde expresses its genotoxic potential in case of metabolic overload. ORP 5070 MP is primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyORP 5070 MP and polyvinyl alcohol. Its chief use is as a monomer for making poly(ORP 5070 MP ) and ORP 5070 MP copolymers, which are used as components in coatings, paints, and sealants, binders (adhesives, nonwovens, construction products, and carpet-backing) and in miscellaneous uses such as chewing gum and tablet coatings. ORP 5070 MP is also copolymerized as the minor constituent with vinyl chloride and with ethylene to form commercial polymers and with acrylonitrile to form acrylic fibers. ORP 5070 MP has been used primarily to produce polyORP 5070 MP emulsions and polyvinyl alcohol. The principle use of these emulsions has been in adhesives, paints, textiles, and paper products. PRODUCT PROFILE: ORP 5070 MP : PolyORP 5070 MP accounts for about 48% of ORP 5070 MP monomer (VAM) use, with applications including water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings or non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), used in packaging film and glass laminates, accounts for about 35% of demand. The remainder goes into ethylene ORP 5070 MP (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins. PRODUCT PROFILE: ORP 5070 MP : ORP 5070 MP monomer's (VAM) main use is polyORP 5070 MP which accounts for about 47% of consumption and has applications in water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings or non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), which is used in packaging film and glass laminates, accounts for about 29% of VAM demand. Remaining volumes go into ethylene ORP 5070 MP (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). EVA and EVOH are finding new uses as copolymers in speciality adhesives and packaging films. CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP 5070 MP : ORP 5070 MP monomer (VAM) is mainly used in polyORP 5070 MP which has applications in water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings and non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), used in packaging film and glass laminates, is the second largest consumer. The remaining volumes go into ethylene ORP 5070 MP (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP 5070 MP . PolyORP 5070 MP emulsions and resins, 40%; (this area is divided evenly between paints and adhesives); polyvinyl alcohol, 15%; polyvinyl butyral, 8%; ethylene-ORP 5070 MP resins, 6%; polyvinyl chloride copolymers, 3%; miscellaneous, 1%; exports, 27%. CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP 5070 MP : PolyORP 5070 MP emulsions and resins, 57%; polyvinyl alcohol, 19%; polyvinyl butyral, 10%; ethylene-ORP 5070 MP resins, 8%; ethylene vinyl alcohol, 2%; miscellaneous, including polyvinyl chloride copolymers, 4%. PRODUCT FOCUS: ORP 5070 MP Monomer (VAM): Global Demand: 2003: 4.3 million tonnes. PolyORP 5070 MP , 44%; polyORP 5070 MP , 40%; ethylene vinyl alcohol, 12%. ORP 5070 MP , acetic anhydride, ethanol, methanol, and formaldehyde were formed in aq extracts of polyORP 5070 MP films only in some cases and in insignificant quantities. The difference between pH of aq extracts of polyORP 5070 MP films and pH of the control (distilled water) the extracts from unsterilized films are more alk and those from sterilized films are more acidic than the distilled water control. Bromo cmpd were present up to 6.4 mg bromide/L in polyORP 5070 MP film extracts and up to 12.3 mg bromide/L in inactivated extracts. The oxidizability of the polyORP 5070 MP films was around 324-1310 mg/L and was highly dependent on the time of contact of the films with water. Aq extracts of various films contained 80-360 mg/L polyORP 5070 MP . Sterilization by gamma-rays did not lead to substantial changes in hygienic-chem properties of the films. An increase in the irradiation dose up to 0.3 megagray decreased the oxidizability of aq extracts and the polyORP 5070 MP content in the films. The quantities of formaldehyde and methanol formed are lower than the accepted quantities of migration of these substances into food products. Thus, polyORP 5070 MP has satisfactory properties for medicinal use. ORP 5070 MP is an industrial chemical that is produced in large amounts in the United States. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity smell. It is very flammable and may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. ORP 5070 MP is used to make other industrial chemicals. These chemicals are used mainly to make glues for the packaging and building industries. They are also used to make paints, textiles, and paper. ORP 5070 MP is also used as a coating in plastic films for food packaging and as a modifier of food starch. ORP 5070 MP is primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyORP 5070 MP and polyvinyl alcohol. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure of workers to ORP 5070 MP has resulted in eye irritation and upper respiratory tract irritation. Chronic (long-term) occupational exposure did not result in any severe adverse effects in workers; some instances of upper respiratory tract irritation, cough, and/or hoarseness were reported. Nasal epithelial lesions and irritation and inflammation of the respiratory tract were observed in mice and rats chronically exposed by inhalation. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of ORP 5070 MP in humans. An increased incidence of nasal cavity tumors has been observed in rats exposed by inhalation. In one drinking water study, an increased incidence of tumors was reported in rats. EPA has not classified ORP 5070 MP for carcinogenicity. ORP 5070 MP shall be stored at temperatures less than 37.8 °C (100 °F) in well-ventilated areas and kept away from ignition sources such as heat and direct sunlight. No heating apparatus capable of exceeding 80% of the autoignition temperature of ORP 5070 MP (427 °C) shall be used in ORP 5070 MP storage areas. The storage of ORP 5070 MP in glass containers should not be in the same areas as oxidizing agents or other incompatible chemicals. Containers of ORP 5070 MP shall be kept tightly closed when not in use and shall be stored so as to minimize accidental ruptures and spills. Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of ORP 5070 MP . There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of ORP 5070 MP . Overall evaluation: ORP 5070 MP is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). In making the overall evaluation, the working group took into account the following evidence: (1) ORP 5070 MP is rapidly transformed into acetaldehyde in human blood and animal tissues. (2) There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde. Both ORP 5070 MP and acetaldehyde induce nasal cancer in rats after administration by inhalation. (3) ORP 5070 MP and acetaldehyde are genotoxic in human cells in vitro and on animals in vivo. Previous studies from our laboratory suggest that rat liver microsome-activated ORP 5070 MP induces plasmid DNA-histone crosslinks, in vitro, through esterase-mediated metabolism. Since nasal tissues contain high levels of carboxylesterase, tumorigenesis may be related to in situ production of the hydrolysis products acetaldehyde and acetic acid. ORP 5070 MP was cytotoxic to both respiratory and olfactory tissues in vitro at 50-200 mM, but not 25 mM, after 2 hr exposure. Pretreatment of rats with the carboxylesterase inhibitor, bis-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate (BNPP), attenuated the cytotoxic effects and metabolism of ORP 5070 MP in both tissue types. Semicarbazide, an aldehyde scavenger, was unable to protect the tissues from ORP 5070 MP -induced cytotoxicity. When the metabolites were tested, acetic acid, but not acetaldehyde, was cytotoxic to both tissues. To provide validation data for the application of the PBPK model ... in humans, controlled human exposures to inhaled ORP 5070 MP were conducted. Air was sampled by a probe inserted into the nasopharyngeal cavity of five volunteers (two women, three men). Volunteers were instructed to inhale and exhale through the nose. Sampling was carried out during exposure to labeled 13C1, 13C2-ORP 5070 MP during resting and light exercise at three exposure levels (1, 5 and 10 ppm nominally). Both, labeled ORP 5070 MP and the major metabolite acetaldehyde from the nasopharyngeal region were sampled at a calibrated flow rate of 12 L/hr and analyzed in real time utilizing ion trap mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Measurements were taken every 0.8 sec in an exposure period of 2 to 5 min resulting in data during all phases of the breathing. The rate of sampling was rapid enough to capture much of the behavior of ORP 5070 MP in the human nasal cavity including inhalation and exhalation. However, the sampling was not frequent enough to accurately capture the peak concentration in every breath. ORP 5070 MP 's production and use as a monomer for making poly (ORP 5070 MP) and ORP 5070 MP copolymers, in the production of paints, sealants, coatings, and binders and in miscellaneous uses such as chewing gum and tablet coatings may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 90.2 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates ORP 5070 MP will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase ORP 5070 MP is expected to be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours. If released to soil, ORP 5070 MP is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 60. Although leaching is possible, concurrent hydrolysis will decrease its importance. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is also expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.1X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. ORP 5070 MP may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Polymerization may occur in sunlight. Biodegradation of ORP 5070 MP may be an important environmental fate process in soil under both aerobic (51 to 62% biodegradation reached in 5 day BOD test using sewage inoculum) and anaerobic conditions (nearly complete degradation in 26 hrs); reaction products of acetaldehyde and acetate are formed under both oxygen conditions. If released to water, ORP 5070 MP is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water based on the estimated Koc value. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based on its estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 4 days, respectively. A 98% of theoretical BOD was reported using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test, suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water. An estimated BCF of 3.2 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Degradation by hydrolysis (half-life of 7.3 days at 25 °C and pH 7) and by photochemically produced oxidants will occur. Occupational exposure to ORP 5070 MP may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ORP 5070 MP is produced or used. The general population may be exposed to ORP 5070 MP through inhalation and dermal contact with products containing ORP 5070 MP ; limited exposure may occur via ingestion from its use in chewing gum and tablet coatings. (SRC) ORP 5070 MP 's production and use as a monomer for making poly(ORP 5070 MP ) and ORP 5070 MP copolymers, in the production of paints, films, sealants, lacquers, coatings, food packaging, and binders, in chewing gum and as a tablet coating(1,2) and safety glass(3) may result in its releas
ORP 5070 MP
ORP 5070 MP: Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars. ORP 5070 MP is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / VeoVa copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 5070 MP is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 5070 MP improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially after heat aging and water immersion conditions ORP 5070 MP provides excellent performance. TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance: White powder Chemical composition:VA / VeoVa Copolymer Stabilizing System:PVOH Residual Humidity (%):Max. 1.5 Density (g/l):525 ± 75 Ash Content (%):12 ± 2 Alkali Resistance:High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water pH: 6.0 – 7.0 MFFT (°C):8 APPLICATION AREAS Adhesives: Due to its strong adhesion properties, ORP 5070 MP can be used for manufacturing of tile adhesives and EIFS adhesives fullfilling requirements of standarts. The recommended dosages: C1 tile adhesives : 0.5 – 1.0 % C2 tile adhesives : 2.0 – 5.0 % EIFS adhesives : 1.0 – 2.0 % Tile Grouts and Repair Mortars: Having excellent adhesion properties, abrassion and water resistance, ORP 5070 MP can be used in tile grouts and repair mortar formulations, between 2.0 – 4.0 %. EIFS Plasters: Because of providing excellent water resistance and compressive strength ORP 5070 MP can be used also in EIFS plaster formulations, between 3.0 – 5.0 % PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE Packaging: Pallet with 18 or 30 paper bags, each 25 kg (450 or 750 kg) also 500 kg of big bags. Packages must
ORP 5377 HP
ORP 5377 HP:Hydrophobic Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars. ORP 5377 HP is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Vinyl Versatate copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 5377 HP is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 5377 HP improves adhesion, abrasion resistance,flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially for water repellency, abrasion resistance and mechanical performance tests after water immerison, ORP 5377 HP provides excellent performance. TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance: White powder Chemical composition: VA/VV Copolymer Stabilizing System: PVOH Residual Humidity (%): Max. 2.0 Bulk Density (g/l):400 - 600 Ash Content (%): 12 ± 2 Alkali Resistance: High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water MFFT (°C):9 ±1 APPLICATION AREAS Tile Grouts and Repair Mortars: Having excellent adhesion properties, abrassion and water resistance, ORP 5377 HP can be used in tile grouts and repair mortar formulations, between 2.0 – 4.0 %. ETICS (Exterior Thermal Insulation Coating Systems) Plasters: Because of providing excellent water resistance and compressive strength ORP 5377 HP can be used also in ETICS plaster formulations, between 3.0 – 5.0 % PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery.
ORP 6072 MP
ORP 6072 MP Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars INTRODUCTION ORP 6072 MP is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / VeoVa / Acrylic terpolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 6072 MP is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 6072 MP improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially after heat aging and water immersion conditions ORP 6072 MP provides excellent performance. TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance : White powder Chemical composition: VA / VeoVa / Acrylic Terpolymer Stabilizing System: PVOH Residual Humidity (%):Max. 2.0 Bulk Density (g/l):400 – 600 Ash Content (%):14 ± 2 Alkali Resistance: High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water MFFT (°C): 8 ±1 APPLICATION AREAS Adhesives: Due to its strong adhesion properties, ORP 6072 MP can be used for manufacturing of tile adhesives and ETICS adhesives fullfilling requirements of standarts. The recommended dosages: C1 tile adhesives : 0.5 – 1.0 % C2 tile adhesives : 2.0 – 5.0 % ETICS adhesives : 1.0 – 2.0 % Tile Grouts and Repair Mortars: Having excellent adhesion properties, abrasion and water resistance, ORP 6072 MP can be used in tile grouts and repair mortar formulations, between 2.0 – 4.0 %. ETICS (Exterior Thermal Insulation Coating Systems) Plasters: Because of providing excellent water resistance and compressive strength ORP 6072 MP can be used also in ETICS plaster formulations, between 3.0 – 5.0 % PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery.
ORP 7085 HM
ORP 7085 HM Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars ORP 7085 HM is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of VAM / Acrylic copolymer with PvOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 7085 HM is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical /physical composition, ORP 7085 HM improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance: White powder Chemical composition: VAM / Acrylic Copolymer Stabilizing System: PVOH Residual Humidity: ~1 % Density (g/l): 525 ± 75 Ash Content % ± 2: 11 Alkali Resistance :High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water pH : 6.0 – 7.0 MFFT (°C):7 APPLICATION AREAS Tile Adhesives: Due to its strong adhesion properties, ORP 7085 HM can be used for manufacturing of tile adhesives fullfilling C1 & C2 requirements. The recommended dosages: C1 tile adhesives: 0.5 – 1.0 % C2 tile adhesives: 1.0 – 3.0 % Repair Mortars: Having excellent adhesion properties, abrassion and water resistance, ORP 7085 HM can be used between 1.0 – 2.0 % in repair mortar formulations. PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg (450 kg) or big bags (500 kg). Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse at temperatures between 10 – 25 °C. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months.
ORP 7085 HM
ORP 7085 HM ORP 7085 HM is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of VAM / Acrylic copolymer with PvOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 7085 HM is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 7085 HM improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance White powder Chemical composition VAM / Acrylic Copolymer Stabilizing System PVOH Residual Humidity ~1 % Density (g/l) 525 ± 75 Ash Content % ± 2 11 Alkali Resistance High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water pH 6.0 – 7.0 MFFT (°C) 7 APPLICATION AREAS Tile Adhesives: Due to its strong adhesion properties, ORP 7085 HM can be used for manufacturing of tile adhesives fullfilling C1 & C2 requirements. The recommended dosages: C1 tile adhesives: 0.5 – 1.0 % C2 tile adhesives: 1.0 – 3.0 % Repair Mortars: Having excellent adhesion properties, abrassion and water resistance, ORP 7085 HM can be used between 1.0 – 2.0 % in repair mortar formulations. PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg (450 kg) or big bags (500 kg). Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse at temperatures between 10 – 25 °C. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months. ORP 7085 HM is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 7085 HM is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 7085 HM improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in self levelling mortar formulations ORP 7085 HM provides excellent abrasion resistance, flexural & compressive stength and good leveling. APPLICATION AREAS of ORP 7085 HM ORP 7085 HM can be used between 1.5 – 4.0 % in self leveling mortar formulations. This amount of usage provides high abrasion resistance, water resistance, flexural & compressive strength. Also decreases segmentation and efflorescence. PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE of ORP 7085 HM Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. ORP 7085 HM has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. ORP 7085 HM is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 7085 HM improves adhesion, flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially because of the flexible nature, ORP 7085 HM performs very well in transverse deformation conditions. APPLICATION AREAS of ORP 7085 HM ORP 7085 HM can be used in mortar formulations where highly flexbily/elastic, hydrophobic and water resistant behavior is required at the same time. In high performance of ceramic tile grouts formulations (CG2) ORP 7085 HM can be used with the ratio of 2.0 - 4.0 % in weight and without requiring an additional hydrophobic agent. Moreover ORP 7085 HM is a very suitable redispersible powder polymer for cementitious water proofing mortars.It can be used with the ratio of 7.0 - 12.0 % in weight in 1K cementitious water proofing mortar formulations. Because of its molecular structure it provides high crack bridging ability. Also ORP 7085 HM performs very well in cementitious exterior plasters and topcoats with the amunt of 2.0 - 4.0 %. PRODUCT HANDLING - STORAGE - SHELFLIFE of ORP 7085 HM Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. 1.1. Product identifier Product name ORP 7085 HM Chemical name and synonym Vinyl Acetate l VeoVa l Acrylic terpolymer 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Intended use Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars The product does not contain substances classified as being hazardous to human health or the environment pursuant to the provisions Regulation (EU) 1272/2008 (CLP) (and subsequent amendments and supplements) in such quantities as to require the statement. ORP 7085 HM is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO2CH=CH2. This colorless liquid is the precursor to polyORP 7085 HM , an important industrial polymer. 1 Production of ORP 7085 HM 2 Preparation of ORP 7085 HM 2.1 Mechanism of ORP 7085 HM 2.2 Alternative routes 3 Polymerization of ORP 7085 HM 4 Other reactions of ORP 7085 HM 5 Toxicity evaluation of ORP 7085 HM Production of ORP 7085 HM The worldwide production capacity of ORP 7085 HM was estimated at 6,969,000 tonnes/year in 2007, with most capacity concentrated in the United States (1,585,000 all in Texas), China (1,261,000), Japan (725,000) and Taiwan (650,000).[4] The average list price for 2008 was $1600/tonne. Celanese is the largest producer (ca 25% of the worldwide capacity), while other significant producers include China Petrochemical Corporation (7%), Chang Chun Group (6%), and LyondellBasell (5%).[4] It is a key ingredient in furniture glue.[5] Preparation ORP 7085 HM is the acetate ester of vinyl alcohol. Since vinyl alcohol is highly unstable (with respect to acetaldehyde), the preparation of ORP 7085 HM is more complex than the synthesis of other acetate esters. The major industrial route involves the reaction of ethylene and acetic acid with oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst.[6] {\displaystyle {\ce {2 C2H4 + 2 CH3CO2H + O2 -> 2 CH3CO2CHCH2 + 2 H2O}}}{\displaystyle {\ce {2 C2H4 + 2 CH3CO2H + O2 -> 2 CH3CO2CHCH2 + 2 H2O}}} The main side reaction is the combustion of organic precursors. Mechanism Isotope labeling and kinetics experiments suggest that the mechanism involves PdCH2CH2OAc-containing intermediates. Beta-hydride elimination would generate ORP 7085 HM and a palladium hydride, which would be oxidized to give hydroxide. Polymerization It can be polymerized to give polyORP 7085 HM (PVA). With other monomers it can be used to prepare various copolymers such as ethylene-ORP 7085 HM (EVA), ORP 7085 HM -acrylic acid (VA/AA), polyvinyl chloride acetate (PVCA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (Vp/Va Copolymer, used in hair gels).[8] Due to the instability of the radical, attempts to control the polymerization via most 'living/controlled' radical processes have proved problematic. However, RAFT (or more specifically MADIX) polymerization offers a convenient method of controlling the synthesis of PVA by the addition of a xanthate or a dithiocarbamate chain transfer agent. Other reactions ORP 7085 HM undergoes many of the reactions anticipated for an alkene and an ester. Bromine adds to give the dibromide. Hydrogen halides add to give 1-haloethyl acetates, which cannot be generated by other methods because of the non-availability of the corresponding halo-alcohols. Acetic acid adds in the presence of palladium catalysts to give ethylidene diacetate, CH3CH(OAc)2. It undergoes transesterification with a variety of carboxylic acids.[9] The alkene also undergoes Diels-Alder and 2+2 cycloadditions. ORP 7085 HM undergoes transesterification, giving access to vinyl ethers: ROH + CH2=CHOAc → ROCH=CH2 + HOAc Toxicity evaluation Tests suggest that ORP 7085 HM is of low toxicity. For rats (oral) LD50 is 2920 mg/kg.[3] On January 31, 2009, the Government of Canada's final assessment concluded that exposure to ORP 7085 HM is not harmful to human health.[12] This decision under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) was based on new information received during the public comment period, as well as more recent information from the risk assessment conducted by the European Union. It is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities. ORP 7085 HM appears as a clear colorless liquid. Flash point 18°F. Density 7.8 lb / gal. Slightly soluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Vapors irritate the eyes and respiratory system. May polymerize if heated or contaminated. If polymerization occurs inside a container, the container may violently rupture. Used to make adhesives, paints, and plastics. At 20 °C, a saturated solution of ORP 7085 HM in water contains 2.0-2.4 wt % ORP 7085 HM , whereas a saturated solution of water in ORP 7085 HM contains 0.9-1.0 wt % water; at 50 °C, the solubility of ORP 7085 HM in water is 0.1 wt % more than at 20 °C, but the solubility of water in ORP 7085 HM doubles to about 2 wt % The/ fate of inhaled ORP 7085 HM in rabbits /was studied/. ... ORP 7085 HM tended to remain in the body after it was inhaled; 70% of the ORP 7085 HM administered was retained, and an equilibrium was established in the first few min after exposure began. ... No ORP 7085 HM /was found/ in the blood, either during or after its inhalation, which suggested ... that ORP 7085 HM is rapidly metabolized when it enters the body through the lungs. Two male Wistar Rats exposed to ORP 7085 HM (stabilized with 0.01% hydroquinone) concentrations varying between 200 and 2000 ppm in closed chambers with an exposure time of 1.4 hr or less demonstrated dose dependent elimination kinetics. The authors concluded that the metabolic pathways became saturated when ORP 7085 HM exposure levels exceeded 650 ppm (2320 mg/cu m). ORP 7085 HM deposition was measured in the isolated upper respiratory tract (URT) of anaesthetized adult male CrlCD:BR rats at exposure concentrations ranging from 73 to 2190 ppm during 1 hr inhalation under unidirectional flow conditions (flow rate 100 mL/min) ... Preliminary experiments showed that approximately 8 min of exposure was required for ORP 7085 HM to achieve a steady state in nasal tissues. After 8 min of equilibration, impinger samples were collected, approximately every 4 min, for up to 40 min and analyzed for ORP 7085 HM and acetaldehyde by gas chromatography ... Acetaldehyde was found in expired air at all ORP 7085 HM exposure concentrations. With increasing the ORP 7085 HM exposure, concentration of acetaldehyde in expired air increased. At ORP 7085 HM exposure of approximately 1000 ppm the concentration of acetaldehyde in the expired air was 277 ppm (499 mg/cu m). Rats were administered oral doses of 14C-ORP 7085 HM (labeled at the vinyl moiety, 1 mL of a 10000 ppm (v/v) aqueous solution, overall dose level 297 mg/kg bw) by gastric intubation. The dosing regimen was 6 times 1 hour apart. During the dosing regime and subsequent 96 hr collection period, a mean of 64.4% of the administered radioactivity was excreted (1.4% in feces, 1.8% in urine and 61.2% in exhaled air). In addition a mean of 5.4% was found in the carcass at 96 hr. The major portion of the urinary radioactivity was excreted within the first 24 hr. Most of the radioactivity eliminated by the expired air was recovered during the 6 hr dosing regime and the first 6 hr after dosing. This portion of radioactivity was recovered from the traps designed for collecting carbon dioxide. The authors of the study suppose, that the unaccounted 30.1% of the dose were most likely lost in the expired air, which escaped from the metabolism cages when the animals were removed for dosing. There was a wide tissue distribution of radioactivity following administration of 14C-ORP 7085 HM by the oral route. One hour after the sixth dose the highest mean concentrations of radioactivity were found in the harderian gland and the submaxillary salivary gland. High levels were also found in the liver, kidney, stomach, ileum, colon and gastrointestinal tract contents. Low concentrations of radioactivity were found in fat. Attempts have been undertaken to determine ORP 7085 HM metabolites in urine and feces. No radiolabeled carbonates or bicarbonates were found in urine or feces. Thin layer chromatography of urine indicated that there was one major radioactive fraction and several minor fractions. Exhaled radioactivity was entirely present as 14C carbon dioxide. Therefore it can be concluded, that 63 % of orally applied 14C ORP 7085 HM is excreted as metabolites. On/ hydrolysis /in the blood/, ORP 7085 HM yields acetic acid, a normal body constituent, and vinyl alcohol, which should rapidly tautomerize to yield acetaldehyde, another normal body constituent. The hydrolysis of ORP 7085 HM was studied in vitro with rat liver and lung microsomes, rat and human plasma and purified esterases (acetylcholine esterase, butyrylcholine esterase, carboxyl esterase). Characterization of the kinetic parameters revealed that rat liver microsomes and purified carboxyl esterase (from porcine liver) displayed the highest activity. In order to establish the rate of metab of ORP 7085 HM in vivo, rats were exposed in closed desiccator jar chambers, and gas uptake kinetics were studied. The decay of ORP 7085 HM was dose-dependent, indicating possible satn of metabolic pathway(s). The maximal clearance (at lower concn) of ORP 7085 HM from the system (30,000 mL/hr/kg) was similar to the maximal ventilation rate in this species. The exposure of rats to ORP 7085 HM resulted in a transient exhalation of significant amts of acetaldehyde into the closed exposure system. Gas chromatographic analysis of human whole-blood lymphocyte cultures treated for 10 seconds to 20 min with ORP 7085 HM (5.4 mM) revealed a rapid degradation of ORP 7085 HM and formation of acetaldehyde. During the 20 min observation period, no degradation of ORP 7085 HM or formation of acetaldehyde were observed in complete culture medium without blood, which suggested that the reaction was enzymatic. ORP 7085 HM hydrolysis has been studied in vitro in the oral mucosal tissues from the oral cavity of rats and mice. The hydrolysis activity of the oral tissues is at least 100-fold lower than that of the nasal tissues. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model was developed which describes the deposition of ORP 7085 HM in the nasal cavity of the rat. This model predicts steady state concentrations of the metabolite acetic acid after continuing 6 hr-exposure in respiratory tissue which are approximately 13 times greater and in olfactory tissue which are approximately 2 times greater than those of acetaldehyde, the second metabolite. As the concentration of acids is indicative for the concentration of protons the model predicts the greatest reduction in intracellular pHi for respiratory mucosa. Hence, pH effects should be more pronounced in this tissue as compared to other tissues. This physiologically based toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic model for rat was modified for the olfactory epithelium of the both human and rat nasal cavity. The change in intracellular pH is predicted to be slightly greater for human olfactory epithelium, than that of rats. To provide validation data for this model, controlled human exposures at exposure levels of 1, 5 and 10 ppm to inhaled ORP 7085 HM were conducted. Air was sampled by a probe inserted into the nasopharyngeal cavity of five volunteers at bi-directional breathing through the nose. Data from ion trap mass spectrometry measurements of labeled ORP 7085 HM and acetaldehyde were compared with data from the human nasal model simulation. For the ORP 7085 HM data a good fit was demonstrated (r = 0.9). The metabolism of ORP 7085 HM has been studied in animals ... ORP 7085 HM is rapidly hydrolyzed by esterases in the blood to acetate and the unstable intermediate, vinyl alcohol. Vinyl alcohol is rapidly converted to acetaldehyde, which in turn is metabolized to acetate in the liver. This in turn is incorporated into the "2 carbon pool" of normal body metabolism and eventually forms CO2 as the major breakdown product. Therefore, the metabolism of ORP 7085 HM results in two acetate molecules that enter the 2 carbon pool. This has been confirmed in excretion studies that have documented 14CO2 in exhaled air as the major metabolite and source of radioactivity recovered following either inhalation or oral exposure to 14C-VA. A very small amount also appears to be excreted in the urine as urea and several other unidentified metabolites. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of administration. Similar results were found in rats exposed to concentrations of ORP 7085 HM (200-2,000 ppm) in the air for 1.4 hours or less. The results show that ORP 7085 HM is rapidly metabolized by blood esterases and that hepatic monooxygenases have a minor role, if any, in the metabolism of ORP 7085 HM. In vitro metabolic studies show that ORP 7085 HM added to preparations of rat liver supernatant did conjugate (although not to a large degree) with glutathione. The reaction is mediated by glutathione S-transferase and further metabolism produces mercapturic acid derivatives that are eliminated in the urine. Rats exposed for 5 hours a day for 6 months to ORP 7085 HM in the air (10, 100, or 500 mg/cu m) showed a significant depletion of free non-protein thiols in the liver but not in a dose-dependent pattern. According to the authors, the thiol depletion indicates that conjugation with glutathione plays an important role in the detoxification of this chemical. Similar results were seen in rats, guinea pigs, and mice given single intraperitoneal doses of ORP 7085 HM . The highest decrease (50%) in SH content was seen in guinea pigs following a single intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg/kg ORP 7085 HM . Glutathione conjugation may decrease the toxicity of potentially harmful electrophiles by facilitating excretion into the bile. These studies show that ORP 7085 HM quickly undergoes hydrolysis in the body through several intermediate steps to form the principal end products, carbon dioxide and water. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of ORP 7085 HM exposure, but did show nonlinear kinetic patterns at high concentrations, indicating that the metabolic processes are saturable. In vivo and in vitro tests indicate that ORP 7085 HM may bind to various degrees with glutathione in different species, which may help to detoxify ORP 7085 HM or its metabolites and enhance their elimination. ORP 7085 HM is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterases to acetic acid and acetaldehyde which is subsequently oxidized to acetic acid by aldehyde dehydrogenases. Acetate enters the citric cycle in an activated form as acetyl coenzyme A. ORP 7085 HM metabolism not only takes place in the liver but also in several tissues. The half-life of /200 uM/ ORP 7085 HM elimination in human whole blood was 4.1 minutes as compared to /less than/ 1 minute in rat whole blood. Acetaldehyde is a metabolite of ORP 7085 HM through esterase-mediated metabolism. It is discussed that ORP 7085 HM exhibits its genotoxicity via acetaldehyde. For example /researchers/ demonstrated that ORP 7085 HM induces /DNA protein crosslinking/ via acetaldehyde, and ... chromosomal damage induced by ORP 7085 HM in mammalian cell cultures is through formation of acetaldehyde ... Acetaldehyde is a naturally occurring substance in the metabolic pathways of animals and humans (metabolism of ethanol and sugars). It occurs in small quantities in human blood. Therefore, it may well be that acetaldehyde expresses its genotoxic potential in case of metabolic overload. ORP 7085 HM is primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyORP 7085 HM and polyvinyl alcohol. Its chief use is as a monomer for making poly(ORP 7085 HM ) and ORP 7085 HM copolymers, which are used as components in coatings, paints, and sealants, binders (adhesives, nonwovens, construction products, and carpet-backing) and in miscellaneous uses such as chewing gum and tablet coatings. ORP 7085 HM is also copolymerized as the minor constituent with vinyl chloride and with ethylene to form commercial polymers and with acrylonitrile to form acrylic fibers. ORP 7085 HM has been used primarily to produce polyORP 7085 HM emulsions and polyvinyl alcohol. The principle use of these emulsions has been in adhesives, paints, textiles, and paper products. PRODUCT PROFILE: ORP 7085 HM : PolyORP 7085 HM accounts for about 48% of ORP 7085 HM monomer (VAM) use, with applications including water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings or non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), used in packaging film and glass laminates, accounts for about 35% of demand. The remainder goes into ethylene ORP 7085 HM (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins. PRODUCT PROFILE: ORP 7085 HM : ORP 7085 HM monomer's (VAM) main use is polyORP 7085 HM which accounts for about 47% of consumption and has applications in water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings or non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), which is used in packaging film and glass laminates, accounts for about 29% of VAM demand. Remaining volumes go into ethylene ORP 7085 HM (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). EVA and EVOH are finding new uses as copolymers in speciality adhesives and packaging films. CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP 7085 HM : ORP 7085 HM monomer (VAM) is mainly used in polyORP 7085 HM which has applications in water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings and non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), used in packaging film and glass laminates, is the second largest consumer. The remaining volumes go into ethylene ORP 7085 HM (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP 7085 HM . PolyORP 7085 HM emulsions and resins, 40%; (this area is divided evenly between paints and adhesives); polyvinyl alcohol, 15%; polyvinyl butyral, 8%; ethylene-ORP 7085 HM resins, 6%; polyvinyl chloride copolymers, 3%; miscellaneous, 1%; exports, 27%. CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP 7085 HM : PolyORP 7085 HM emulsions and resins, 57%; polyvinyl alcohol, 19%; polyvinyl butyral, 10%; ethylene-ORP 7085 HM resins, 8%; ethylene vinyl alcohol, 2%; miscellaneous, including polyvinyl chloride copolymers, 4%. PRODUCT FOCUS: ORP 7085 HM Monomer (VAM): Global Demand: 2003: 4.3 million tonnes. PolyORP 7085 HM , 44%; polyORP 7085 HM , 40%; ethylene vinyl alcohol, 12%. ORP 7085 HM , acetic anhydride, ethanol, methanol, and formaldehyde were formed in aq extracts of polyORP 7085 HM films only in some cases and in insignificant quantities. The difference between pH of aq extracts of polyORP 7085 HM films and pH of the control (distilled water) the extracts from unsterilized films are more alk and those from sterilized films are more acidic than the distilled water control. Bromo cmpd were present up to 6.4 mg bromide/L in polyORP 7085 HM film extracts and up to 12.3 mg bromide/L in inactivated extracts. The oxidizability of the polyORP 7085 HM films was around 324-1310 mg/L and was highly dependent on the time of contact of the films with water. Aq extracts of various films contained 80-360 mg/L polyORP 7085 HM . Sterilization by gamma-rays did not lead to substantial changes in hygienic-chem properties of the films. An increase in the irradiation dose up to 0.3 megagray decreased the oxidizability of aq extracts and the polyORP 7085 HM content in the films. The quantities of formaldehyde and methanol formed are lower than the accepted quantities of migration of these substances into food products. Thus, polyORP 7085 HM has satisfactory properties for medicinal use. ORP 7085 HM is an industrial chemical that is produced in large amounts in the United States. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity smell. It is very flammable and may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. ORP 7085 HM is used to make other industrial chemicals. These chemicals are used mainly to make glues for the packaging and building industries. They are also used to make paints, textiles, and paper. ORP 7085 HM is also used as a coating in plastic films for food packaging and as a modifier of food starch. ORP 7085 HM is primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyORP 7085 HM and polyvinyl alcohol. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure of workers to ORP 7085 HM has resulted in eye irritation and upper respiratory tract irritation. Chronic (long-term) occupational exposure did not result in any severe adverse effects in workers; some instances of upper respiratory tract irritation, cough, and/or hoarseness were reported. Nasal epithelial lesions and irritation and inflammation of the respiratory tract were observed in mice and rats chronically exposed by inhalation. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of ORP 7085 HM in humans. An increased incidence of nasal cavity tumors has been observed in rats exposed by inhalation. In one drinking water study, an increased incidence of tumors was reported in rats. EPA has not classified ORP 7085 HM for carcinogenicity. ORP 7085 HM shall be stored at temperatures less than 37.8 °C (100 °F) in well-ventilated areas and kept away from ignition sources such as heat and direct sunlight. No heating apparatus capable of exceeding 80% of the autoignition temperature of ORP 7085 HM (427 °C) shall be used in ORP 7085 HM storage areas. The storage of ORP 7085 HM in glass containers should not be in the same areas as oxidizing agents or other incompatible chemicals. Containers of ORP 7085 HM shall be kept tightly closed when not in use and shall be stored so as to minimize accidental ruptures and spills. Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of ORP 7085 HM . There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of ORP 7085 HM . Overall evaluation: ORP 7085 HM is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). In making the overall evaluation, the working group took into account the following evidence: (1) ORP 7085 HM is rapidly transformed into acetaldehyde in human blood and animal tissues. (2) There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde. Both ORP 7085 HM and acetaldehyde induce nasal cancer in rats after administration by inhalation. (3) ORP 7085 HM and acetaldehyde are genotoxic in human cells in vitro and on animals in vivo. Previous studies from our laboratory suggest that rat liver microsome-activated ORP 7085 HM induces plasmid DNA-histone crosslinks, in vitro, through esterase-mediated metabolism. Since nasal tissues contain high levels of carboxylesterase, tumorigenesis may be related to in situ production of the hydrolysis products acetaldehyde and acetic acid. ORP 7085 HM was cytotoxic to both respiratory and olfactory tissues in vitro at 50-200 mM, but not 25 mM, after 2 hr exposure. Pretreatment of rats with the carboxylesterase inhibitor, bis-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate (BNPP), attenuated the cytotoxic effects and metabolism of ORP 7085 HM in both tissue types. Semicarbazide, an aldehyde scavenger, was unable to protect the tissues from ORP 7085 HM -induced cytotoxicity. When the metabolites were tested, acetic acid, but not acetaldehyde, was cytotoxic to both tissues. To provide validation data for the application of the PBPK model ... in humans, controlled human exposures to inhaled ORP 7085 HM were conducted. Air was sampled by a probe inserted into the nasopharyngeal cavity of five volunteers (two women, three men). Volunteers were instructed to inhale and exhale through the nose. Sampling was carried out during exposure to labeled 13C1, 13C2-ORP 7085 HM during resting and light exercise at three exposure levels (1, 5 and 10 ppm nominally). Both, labeled ORP 7085 HM and the major metabolite acetaldehyde from the nasopharyngeal region were sampled at a calibrated flow rate of 12 L/hr and analyzed in real time utilizing ion trap mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Measurements were taken every 0.8 sec in an exposure period of 2 to 5 min resulting in data during all phases of the breathing. The rate of sampling was rapid enough to capture much of the behavior of ORP 7085 HM in the human nasal cavity including inhalation and exhalation. However, the sampling was not frequent enough to accurately capture the peak concentration in every breath. ORP 7085 HM 's production and use as a monomer for making poly (ORP 7085 HM) and ORP 7085 HM copolymers, in the production of paints, sealants, coatings, and binders and in miscellaneous uses such as chewing gum and tablet coatings may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 90.2 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates ORP 7085 HM will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase ORP 7085 HM is expected to be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours. If released to soil, ORP 7085 HM is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 60. Although leaching is possible, concurrent hydrolysis will decrease its importance. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is also expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.1X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. ORP 7085 HM may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Polymerization may occur in sunlight. Biodegradation of ORP 7085 HM may be an important environmental fate process in soil under both aerobic (51 to 62% biodegradation reached in 5 day BOD test using sewage inoculum) and anaerobic conditions (nearly complete degradation in 26 hrs); reaction products of acetaldehyde and acetate are formed under both oxygen conditions. If released to water, ORP 7085 HM is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water based on the estimated Koc value. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based on its estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 4 days, respectively. A 98% of theoretical BOD was reported using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test, suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water. An estimated BCF of 3.2 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Degradation by hydrolysis (half-life of 7.3 days at 25 °C and pH 7) and by photochemically produced oxidants will occur. Occupational exposure to ORP 7085 HM may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ORP 7085 HM is produced or used. The general population may be exposed to ORP 7085 HM through inhalation and dermal contact with products containing ORP 7085 HM ; limited exposure may occur via ingestion from its use in chewing gum and tablet coatings. (SRC) ORP 7085 HM 's production and use as a monomer for making poly(ORP 7085 HM ) and ORP 7085 HM copolymers, in the production of paints, films, sealants, lacquers, coatings, food packaging, and binders, in chewing gum and as a tablet coating(1,2) and safety glass(3) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). ORP 7085 HM can be released to the environment from industrial sources and biomass combustion(4). Waste gases from scrubbers (generated during the industrial manufacture of ORP 7085 HM ) may contain trace levels of ORP 7085 HM (5). TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 60(
ORP 7099 RD
ORP 7099 RD Introduction: ORP 7099 RD is a redispersible powder obtained by drying an emulsion of a vinyl acetate / VeoVa / acrylic terpolymer with PVA as a protective colloid. The special chemical composition of the polymer facilitates the bonding of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and ensures good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 7099 RD is used for modification of mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its special chemical / physical composition, ORP 7099 RD improves the adhesion, elasticity and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Properties: Appearance - White powder Chemical composition - Vinyl acetate / VeoVa / acrylic terpolymer Stabilizing system - PVA Residual moisture (%) - Max. 1.5 Density (g / l) - 400 - 600 Ash residue (%) - 12 ± 2 Alkaline resistance - High After dispersion with water - 1: 1 pH - 6.0-7.0 Minimum film formation temperature (ºС) - 0 Applications: C1 tile adhesives: Recommended dosages: 0.5-1.0% C2 tile adhesives: Recommended dosages: 2.0-5.0% Repair mortars: With excellent adhesion, resistance and water resistance, ORP 7099 RD can be used in repair mortar formulations at a dosage of 1.0 - 2.0%. Storage and expiration date: Packaging: 25 kg paper bags. 18 bags per pallet. Big bags of 500 kg. The bags should be stored in a dry and cool warehouse at temperatures between 10 - 25 ° C. It is not advisable to stack pallets one on top of the other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. The packaging should be closed after use to protect it from moisture and caking. The minimum shelf life is 12 months.
ORP 7365
ORP 7365 HP-Hydrophobic Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars.ORP 7365 HP is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates.ORP 7365 HP is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 7365 HP improves adhesion, abrasion resistance,flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in the systems that require water resistance, flexibility and abrasion resistance at the same time ORP 7365 HP provides excellent performance.Having excellent abrasion resistance, flexibility and water resistance ORP 7365 HP can be used in tile grouts formulations, between 2.0 – 4.0 %.Because of providing excellent water resistance, flexibility and compressive strength ORP 7365 HP can be used also in EIFS plaster formulations, between 3.0 – 5.0 %.Water Proofing Mortars:ORP 7365 HP can be used in one component water proofing mortars, between 7.0 – 10.0% because of having excellent flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substraHtes.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) s particular chemical / physical composition,ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) improves adhesion, abrasion resistance,flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in the systems ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) require water resistance, flexibility and abrasion resistance at the same time ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) provides excellent performance.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) Application Areas: ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) having excellent abrasion resistance, flexibility and water resistance ORP 7365 HP can be used in tile grouts formulations, between 2.0 - 4.0 %.Because of providing excellent water resistance, flexibility and compressive strength ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) can be used also in EIFS plaster formulations, between 3.0 - 5.0 %. ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) Product; Handling; Storage ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) Packaging: Pallet with 18 or 30 paper bags, each 25 kg (450 or 750 kg) also 500 kg of big bags.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse at temperatures between 10 - 25 °C. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) has to be used within 6 months.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is a redispersible powder obtained by drying a Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer emulsion with PVA as a protective colloid. The chemical composition of the polymer ensures the coalescence of the redispersible polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to mineral substrates. ORP 7365 HP is used for modifying mixtures containing various binders. Due to its special physical / chemical composition, ORP 7365 HP improves adhesion, abrasion resistance, elasticity and water resistance of mortars.Due to ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer)s excellent water resistance, elasticity and compressive strength,ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) can be used for plasters in SPTC.ith excellent abrasion, flexibility and water resistance,ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) can be used in tile grouting compounds.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is a redispersible powder obtained by drying a Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer emulsion with PVA as a protective colloid. The chemical composition of the polymer ensures the coalescence of the redispersible polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to mineral substrates. ORP 7365 HP is used for modifying mixtures containing various binders. Due to its special physical / chemical composition, ORP 7365 HP improves adhesion, abrasion resistance, elasticity and water resistance of mortars.Due to ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer)s excellent water resistance, elasticity and compressive strength, ORP 7365 HP can be used for plasters in SPTC.Due to ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer)s excellent flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance, ORP 7365 HP can be used in one-component waterproofing mortars.With excellent abrasion, flexibility and water resistance,ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) can be used in tile grouting compounds.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer)s particular chemical / physical composition,ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) improves adhesion, abrasion resistance,flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in the systems ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) require water resistance, flexibility and abrasion resistance at the same time ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) provides excellent performance.Having excellent abrasion resistance, flexibility and water resistance ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) can be used in tile grouts formulations, between 2.0 - 4.0 %.Because of providing excellent water resistance, flexibility and compressive strength ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) can be used also in EIFS plaster formulations, between 3.0 - 5.0 %.Water Proofing Mortars: ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) can be used in one component water proofing mortars, between 7.0 - 10.0% because of having excellent flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance.The polymer powder based vinylatsetatnoho-acrylic copolymer ORP 7099 RD (net weight 12600 kg), ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) (net weight 450 kg) taORP THERMOBOND 74 (net weight 7,200 kg) is redysperhovanyy powder obtained by drying emulsion acrylic vinylatsetatnoho terpolimeraz polivinylovym alcohol in yakostizahysnoho colloid. The structure of ORP 7099 RD are: vinyl acetate monomer - 89% butyl acrylate monomer - 8%, the agent antizlezhuvannya - 1% filler - 1%, other functional additives - 1% final humidity - max 2% Bottom ash residue - 12 + -2%. The structure of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) include: vinyl acetate monomer - 91% butyl acrylate monomer - 5% agent antizlezhuvannya - 1% filler - 1%, other functional additives - 1% final humidity - max 2% Bottom ash residue - 14 + -2%.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is a hydrophobic polymer powder. Used in systems requiring water resistance, flexibility and abrasion resistance.K proofing Mortar Formulation Powder CEM II 4,5R -8 µm Silica Sand Tylose MH 6 YP4 ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) Floset AD Filler Retention Agent Performance Modifier Plasticizer Shin-Etsu SNF Liquid Agitan 3 Acticide MV Defoamer Biocide Münzing Chemie Thor *Powder: Liquid ratio is : in weight.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO2CH=CH2.This colorless liquid is the precursor to polyvinyl acetate, an important industrial polymer.The worldwide production capacity of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) was estimated at 6,969,000 tonnes/year in 2007, with most capacity concentrated in the United States (1,585,000 all in Texas), China (1,261,000), Japan (725,000) and Taiwan (650,000).The average list price for 2008 was $1600/tonne. Celanese is the largest producer (ca 25% of the worldwide capacity), while other significant producers include China Petrochemical Corporation (7%), Chang Chun Group (6%), and LyondellBasell (5%).ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is a key ingredient in furniture glue.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is the acetate ester of vinyl alcohol. Since vinyl alcohol is highly unstable (with respect to acetaldehyde), the preparation of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is more complex than the synthesis of other acetate esters.The major industrial route involves the reaction of ethylene and acetic acid with oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst.The main side reaction is the combustion of organic precursors.Isotope labeling and kinetics experiments suggest that the mechanism involves PdCH2CH2OAc-containing intermediates. Beta-hydride elimination would generate vinyl acetate and a palladium hydride, which would be oxidized to give hydroxide.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) was once prepared by hydroesterification. This method involves the gas-phase addition of acetic acid to acetylene in the presence of metal catalysts. By this route, using mercury(II) catalysts, vinyl acetate was first prepared by Fritz Klatte in 1912.[3] Another route to vinyl acetate involves thermal decomposition of ethylidene diacetate.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) can be polymerized to give polyvinyl acetate (PVA). With other monomers it can be used to prepare various copolymers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) (VA/AA), polyvinyl chloride acetate (PVCA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (Vp/Va Copolymer, used in hair gels).Due to the instability of the radical, attempts to control the polymerization via most 'living/controlled' radical processes have proved problematic. However, RAFT (or more specifically MADIX) polymerization offers a convenient method of controlling the synthesis of PVA by the addition of a xanthate or a dithiocarbamate chain transfer agent.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) undergoes many of the reactions anticipated for an alkene and an ester. Bromine adds to give the dibromide. Hydrogen halides add to give 1-haloethyl acetates, which cannot be generated by other methods because of the non-availability of the corresponding halo-alcohols. Acetic acid adds in the presence of palladium catalysts to give ethylidene diacetate, CH3CH(OAc)2.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) undergoes transesterification with a variety of carboxylic acids.The alkene also undergoes Diels-Alder and 2+2 cycloadditions.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) undergoes transesterification, giving access to vinyl ethers.Tests suggest that ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is of low toxicity. For rats (oral) LD50 is 2920 mg/kg.On January 31, 2009, the Government of Canada's final assessment concluded that exposure toORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is not harmful to human health.This decision under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) was based on new information received during the public comment period, as well as more recent information from the risk assessment conducted by the European Union.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) in significant quantities.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) appears as a clear colorless liquid.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) Flash point 18°F.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) Density 7.8 lb / gal.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) Slightly soluble in water.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) Vapors are heavier than air.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) Vapors irritate the eyes and respiratory system. May polymerize if heated or contaminated. If polymerization occurs inside a container, the container may violently rupture.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) Used to make adhesives, paints, and plastics.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is an industrial chemical that is produced in large amounts in the United States.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is a clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity smell. It is very flammable and may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. Vinyl acetate is used to make other industrial chemicals. These chemicals are used mainly to make glues for the packaging and building industries. They are also used to make paints, textiles, and paper. ORP 7365 HP is used to modify mixtures containing various binders. Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP provides adhesion of mortars thanks to its special physical / chemical composition. Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP increases wear resistance, elasticity and water resistance. ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) provides excellent water resistance. Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP provides elasticity. Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP thanks to its compressive strength, ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) can be used for plasters in SPTC. In addition to excellent abrasion, flexibility and water resistance, ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) can be used in tile joint filling compounds. ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) is a redispersible powder obtained by drying a Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer emulsion with PVA as a protective colloid. The chemical composition of the polymer allows the redispersible polymer to coalesce at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP mineral substrates. ORP 7365 HP is used to modify mixtures containing various binders. ORP 7365 HP increases the adhesion of mortars thanks to its special physical / chemical composition, Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP abrasion resistance, Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP elasticity and Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP water resistance. Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP can be used for plasters in ORP 7365 HP SPTC thanks to its excellent water resistance, elasticity and compressive strength. ORP 7365 HP can be used in one-component waterproofing mortars thanks to the excellent flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer). With its excellent abrasion, flexibility and water resistance, ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) can be used in tile joint filling compounds. ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) is a redispersible powder produced by drying a Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer emulsion with PVOH as a protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows the re-dispersed polymer to coalesce at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cement-based substrates. ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to the special chemical / physical composition of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer), ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) increases the adhesion, abrasion resistance, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or cement.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is also used as a coating in plastic films for food packaging and as a modifier of food starch.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is an acetate ester.At 20 °C, a saturated solution of vinyl acetate in water contains 2.0-2.4 wt % ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer), whereas a saturated solution of water in ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) contains 0.9-1.0 wt % water; at 50 °C, the solubility of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) in water is 0.1 wt % more than at 20 °C, but the solubility of water in ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) doubles to about 2 wt %.The/ fate of inhaled ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) in rabbits /was studied.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) tended to remain in the body after ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) was inhaled; 70% of the ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) administered was retained, and an equilibrium was established in the first few min after exposure began.No ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) /was found/ in the blood, either during or after its inhalation, which suggested.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is rapidly metabolized when ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) enters the body through the lungs.The hydrolysis of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) was studied in vitro with rat liver and lung microsomes, rat and human plasma and purified esterases (acetylcholine esterase, butyrylcholine esterase, carboxyl esterase).In order to establish the rate of metab of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) in vivo, rats were exposed in closed desiccator jar chambers, and gas uptake kinetics were studied. The decay of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) was dose-dependent, indicating possible satn of metabolic pathway(s). The maximal clearance (at lower concn) of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) from the system (30,000 mL/hr/kg) was similar to the maximal ventilation rate in this species. The exposure of rats to ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) resulted in a transient exhalation of significant amts of acetaldehyde into the closed exposure system.Attempts have been undertaken to determine ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) metabolites in urine and feces. No radiolabeled carbonates or bicarbonates were found in urine or feces. Thin layer chromatography of urine indicated that there was one major radioactive fraction and several minor fractions. Exhaled radioactivity was entirely present as 14C carbon dioxide. Therefore ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) can be concluded, that 63 % of orally applied 14C vinyl acetate is excreted as metabolites.Rats were administered oral doses of 14C-ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) (labeled at the vinyl moiety, 1 mL of a 10000 ppm (v/v) aqueous solution, overall dose level 297 mg/kg bw) by gastric intubation. The dosing regimen was 6 times 1 hour apart.Two male Wistar Rats exposed to ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) (stabilized with 0.01% hydroquinone) concentrations varying between 200 and 2000 ppm in closed chambers with an exposure time of 1.4 hr or less demonstrated dose dependent elimination kinetics. The authors concluded that the metabolic pathways became saturated when vinyl acetate exposure levels exceeded 650 ppm (2320 mg/cu m).ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) deposition was measured in the isolated upper respiratory tract (URT) of anaesthetized adult male CrlCD:BR rats at exposure concentrations ranging from 73 to 2190 ppm during 1 hr inhalation under unidirectional flow conditions (flow rate 100 mL/min) ... Preliminary experiments showed that approximately 8 min of exposure was required for ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) to achieve a steady state in nasal tissues. After 8 min of equilibration, impinger samples were collected, approximately every 4 min, for up to 40 min and analyzed for ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) and acetaldehyde by gas chromatography ... Acetaldehyde was found in expired air at all ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) exposure concentrations. With increasing the ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) exposure, concentration of acetaldehyde in expired air increased. At vinyl acetate exposure of approximately 1000 ppm the concentration of acetaldehyde in the expired air was 277 ppm (499 mg/cu m).Gas chromatographic analysis of human whole-blood lymphocyte cultures treated for 10 seconds to 20 min with ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) (5.4 mM) revealed a rapid degradation of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) and formation of acetaldehyde. During the 20 min observation period, no degradation of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) or formation of acetaldehyde were observed in complete culture medium without blood, which suggested that the reaction was enzymatic.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) hydrolysis has been studied in vitro in the oral mucosal tissues from the oral cavity of rats and mice. The hydrolysis activity of the oral tissues is at least 100-fold lower than that of the nasal tissues. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model was developed which describes the deposition of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) in the nasal cavity of the rat.To provide validation data for this model, controlled human exposures at exposure levels of 1, 5 and 10 ppm to inhaled ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) were conducted. Air was sampled by a probe inserted into the nasopharyngeal cavity of five volunteers at bi-directional breathing through the nose. Data from ion trap mass spectrometry measurements of labeled ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) and acetaldehyde were compared with data from the human nasal model simulation. For the ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) data a good fit was demonstrated (r = 0.9).Finally, solutions of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) were placed in the mouth of anesthetized rats for 10 min and then analyzed for acetaldehyde concentrations.The metabolism of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) has been studied in animals . ORP 7365 HP is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substraHtes. ORP 7365 HP is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) improves adhesion, ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) improves abrasion resistance, ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) improves flexibility and ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) improves water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in the systems that require water resistance, flexibility and abrasion resistance at the same time ORP 7365 HP provides excellent performance.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is rapidly hydrolyzed by esterases in the blood to acetate and the unstable intermediate, vinyl alcohol. Vinyl alcohol is rapidly converted to acetaldehyde, which in turn is metabolized to acetate in the liver. This in turn is incorporated into the "2 carbon pool" of normal body metabolism and eventually forms CO2 as the major breakdown product. Therefore, the metabolism of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) results in two acetate molecules that enter the 2 carbon pool. This has been confirmed in excretion studies that have documented 14CO2 in exhaled air as the major metabolite and source of radioactivity recovered following either inhalation or oral exposure to 14C-VA. A very small amount also appears to be excreted in the urine as urea and several other unidentified metabolites. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of administration. Similar results were found in rats exposed to concentrations of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) (200-2,000 ppm) in the air for 1.4 hours or less. The results show that ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is rapidly metabolized by blood esterases and that hepatic monooxygenases have a minor role, if any, in the metabolism of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer).In vitro metabolic studies show that ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) added to preparations of rat liver supernatant did conjugate (although not to a large degree) with glutathione. The reaction is mediated by glutathione S-transferase and further metabolism produces mercapturic acid derivatives that are eliminated in the urine. Rats exposed for 5 hours a day for 6 months to ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) in the air (10, 100, or 500 mg/cu m) showed a significant depletion of free non-protein thiols in the liver but not in a dose-dependent pattern. According to the authors, the thiol depletion indicates that conjugation with glutathione plays an important role in the detoxification of this chemical. Similar results were seen in rats, guinea pigs, and mice given single intraperitoneal doses of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer). The highest decrease (50%) in SH content was seen in guinea pigs following a single intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg/kg ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer). Glutathione conjugation may decrease the toxicity of potentially harmful electrophiles by facilitating excretion into the bile. These studies show that ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) quickly undergoes hydrolysis in the body through several intermediate steps to form the principal end products, carbon dioxide and water. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) exposure, but did show nonlinear kinetic patterns at high concentrations, indicating that the metabolic processes are saturable. In vivo and in vitro tests indicate that ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) may bind to various degrees with glutathione in different species, which may help to detoxify ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) or its metabolites and enhance their elimination.ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterases to acetic acid and acetaldehyde which is subsequently oxidized to acetic acid by aldehyde dehydrogenases. Acetate enters the citric cycle in an activated form as acetyl coenzyme A. ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) metabolism not only takes place in the liver but also in several tissues.Acetaldehyde is a metabolite of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) through esterase-mediated metabolism. It is discussed that ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) exhibits its genotoxicity via acetaldehyde. For example /researchers/ demonstrated that ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) induces /DNA protein crosslinking/ via acetaldehyde, and ... chromosomal damage induced by ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) in mammalian cell cultures is through formation of acetaldehyde ... Acetaldehyde is a naturally occurring substance in the metabolic pathways of animals and humans (metabolism of ethanol and sugars).ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate,Acrylic Copolymer) occurs in small quantities in human blood. Therefore, it may well be that acetaldehyde expresses its genotoxic potential in case of metabolic overload. ORP 7365 HP can be used in one-component waterproofing mortars thanks to the excellent flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer). With its excellent abrasion, flexibility and water resistance, ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) can be used in tile joint filling compounds. ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) is a redispersible powder produced by drying a Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer emulsion with PVOH as a protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows the re-dispersed polymer to coalesce at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cement-based substrates. ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to the special chemical / physical composition of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer), ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) increases the adhesion, abrasion resistance, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or cement. Lime. While ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) systems require water resistance, flexibility and abrasion resistance, ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) provides excellent performance. With its excellent abrasion resistance, flexibility and water resistance, ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) can be used between 2.0 - 4.0% in tile mortar formulations. ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) can also be used in EIFS due to its excellent water resistance, flexibility and compressive strength. Waterproofing Mortars: ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) can be used between 7.0 - 10.0% in single component waterproofing mortars due to its excellent flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance. polymer powder based vinilatsetatnoho-acrylic copolymer ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) is a hydrophobic polymer powder. ORP 7365 HP is used to modify mixtures containing various binders. Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP provides adhesion of mortars thanks to its special physical / chemical composition. Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP increases wear resistance, elasticity and water resistance. ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) provides excellent water resistance. Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP provides elasticity. Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP thanks to its compressive strength, ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) can be used for plasters in SPTC. In addition to excellent abrasion, flexibility and water resistance, ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) can be used in tile joint filling compounds. ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer) is a redispersible powder obtained by drying a Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer emulsion with PVA as a protective colloid. The chemical composition of the polymer allows the redispersible polymer to coalesce at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP mineral substrates. ORP 7365 HP is used to modify mixtures containing various binders. ORP 7365 HP increases the adhesion of mortars thanks to its special physical / chemical composition, Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP abrasion resistance, Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP elasticity and Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP water resistance. Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer - ORP 7365 HP can be used for plasters in ORP 7365 HP SPTC thanks to its excellent water resistance, elasticity and compressive strength. ORP 7365 HP can be used in one-component waterproofing mortars thanks to the excellent flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance of ORP 7365 HP (Vinyl Acetate, Acrylic Copolymer).
ORP 7365 HP
ORP 7365 HP ORP 7365 HP is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 7365 HP is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 7365 HP improves adhesion, abrasion resistance,flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in the systems that require water resistance, flexibility and abrasion resistance at the same time ORP 7365 HP provides excellent performance. TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance White powder Chemical composition VA / Acrylic Copolymer Stabilizing System PVOH Residual Humidity (%) Max. 1.5 Density (g/l) 400 - 600 Ash Content (%) 14 ± 2 Alkali Resistance High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water pH 8.0 – 9.0 MFFT (°C) 0 APPLICATION AREAS Tile Grouts: Having excellent abrasion resistance, flexibility and water resistance ORP 7365 HP can be used in tile grouts formulations, between 2.0 – 4.0 %. EIFS Plasters: Because of providing excellent water resistance, flexibility and compressive strength ORP 7365 HP can be used also in EIFS plaster formulations, between 3.0 – 5.0 % Water Proofing Mortars: ORP 7365 HP can be used in one component water proofing mortars, between 7.0 – 10.0% because of having excellent flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance. PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE Packaging: Pallet with 18 or 30 paper bags, each 25 kg (450 or 750 kg) also 500 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse at temperatures between 10 – 25 °C. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 12 months. ORP 7365 HP is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 7365 HP is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 7365 HP improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in self levelling mortar formulations ORP 7365 HP provides excellent abrasion resistance, flexural & compressive stength and good leveling. APPLICATION AREAS of ORP 7365 HP ORP 7365 HP can be used between 1.5 – 4.0 % in self leveling mortar formulations. This amount of usage provides high abrasion resistance, water resistance, flexural & compressive strength. Also decreases segmentation and efflorescence. PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE of ORP 7365 HP Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. ORP 7365 HP has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. ORP 7365 HP is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 7365 HP improves adhesion, flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially because of the flexible nature, ORP 7365 HP performs very well in transverse deformation conditions. APPLICATION AREAS of ORP 7365 HP ORP 7365 HP can be used in mortar formulations where highly flexbily/elastic, hydrophobic and water resistant behavior is required at the same time. In high performance of ceramic tile grouts formulations (CG2) ORP 7365 HP can be used with the ratio of 2.0 - 4.0 % in weight and without requiring an additional hydrophobic agent. Moreover ORP 7365 HP is a very suitable redispersible powder polymer for cementitious water proofing mortars.It can be used with the ratio of 7.0 - 12.0 % in weight in 1K cementitious water proofing mortar formulations. Because of its molecular structure it provides high crack bridging ability. Also ORP 7365 HP performs very well in cementitious exterior plasters and topcoats with the amunt of 2.0 - 4.0 %. PRODUCT HANDLING - STORAGE - SHELFLIFE of ORP 7365 HP Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. ORP 7365 HP appears as a clear colorless liquid. Flash point 18°F. Density 7.8 lb / gal. Slightly soluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Vapors irritate the eyes and respiratory system. May polymerize if heated or contaminated. If polymerization occurs inside a container, the container may violently rupture. Used to make adhesives, paints, and plastics. At 20 °C, a saturated solution of ORP 7365 HP in water contains 2.0-2.4 wt % ORP 7365 HP , whereas a saturated solution of water in ORP 7365 HP contains 0.9-1.0 wt % water; at 50 °C, the solubility of ORP 7365 HP in water is 0.1 wt % more than at 20 °C, but the solubility of water in ORP 7365 HP doubles to about 2 wt % The/ fate of inhaled ORP 7365 HP in rabbits /was studied/. ... ORP 7365 HP tended to remain in the body after it was inhaled; 70% of the ORP 7365 HP administered was retained, and an equilibrium was established in the first few min after exposure began. ... No ORP 7365 HP /was found/ in the blood, either during or after its inhalation, which suggested ... that ORP 7365 HP is rapidly metabolized when it enters the body through the lungs. Two male Wistar Rats exposed to ORP 7365 HP (stabilized with 0.01% hydroquinone) concentrations varying between 200 and 2000 ppm in closed chambers with an exposure time of 1.4 hr or less demonstrated dose dependent elimination kinetics. The authors concluded that the metabolic pathways became saturated when ORP 7365 HP exposure levels exceeded 650 ppm (2320 mg/cu m). ORP 7365 HP deposition was measured in the isolated upper respiratory tract (URT) of anaesthetized adult male CrlCD:BR rats at exposure concentrations ranging from 73 to 2190 ppm during 1 hr inhalation under unidirectional flow conditions (flow rate 100 mL/min) ... Preliminary experiments showed that approximately 8 min of exposure was required for ORP 7365 HP to achieve a steady state in nasal tissues. After 8 min of equilibration, impinger samples were collected, approximately every 4 min, for up to 40 min and analyzed for ORP 7365 HP and acetaldehyde by gas chromatography ... Acetaldehyde was found in expired air at all ORP 7365 HP exposure concentrations. With increasing the ORP 7365 HP exposure, concentration of acetaldehyde in expired air increased. At ORP 7365 HP exposure of approximately 1000 ppm the concentration of acetaldehyde in the expired air was 277 ppm (499 mg/cu m). Rats were administered oral doses of 14C-ORP 7365 HP (labeled at the vinyl moiety, 1 mL of a 10000 ppm (v/v) aqueous solution, overall dose level 297 mg/kg bw) by gastric intubation. The dosing regimen was 6 times 1 hour apart. During the dosing regime and subsequent 96 hr collection period, a mean of 64.4% of the administered radioactivity was excreted (1.4% in feces, 1.8% in urine and 61.2% in exhaled air). In addition a mean of 5.4% was found in the carcass at 96 hr. The major portion of the urinary radioactivity was excreted within the first 24 hr. Most of the radioactivity eliminated by the expired air was recovered during the 6 hr dosing regime and the first 6 hr after dosing. This portion of radioactivity was recovered from the traps designed for collecting carbon dioxide. The authors of the study suppose, that the unaccounted 30.1% of the dose were most likely lost in the expired air, which escaped from the metabolism cages when the animals were removed for dosing. There was a wide tissue distribution of radioactivity following administration of 14C-ORP 7365 HP by the oral route. One hour after the sixth dose the highest mean concentrations of radioactivity were found in the harderian gland and the submaxillary salivary gland. High levels were also found in the liver, kidney, stomach, ileum, colon and gastrointestinal tract contents. Low concentrations of radioactivity were found in fat. Attempts have been undertaken to determine ORP 7365 HP metabolites in urine and feces. No radiolabeled carbonates or bicarbonates were found in urine or feces. Thin layer chromatography of urine indicated that there was one major radioactive fraction and several minor fractions. Exhaled radioactivity was entirely present as 14C carbon dioxide. Therefore it can be concluded, that 63 % of orally applied 14C ORP 7365 HP is excreted as metabolites. ORP 7365 HP is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO2CH=CH2. This colorless liquid is the precursor to polyORP 7365 HP , an important industrial polymer. 1 Production of ORP 7365 HP 2 Preparation of ORP 7365 HP 2.1 Mechanism of ORP 7365 HP 2.2 Alternative routes 3 Polymerization of ORP 7365 HP 4 Other reactions of ORP 7365 HP 5 Toxicity evaluation of ORP 7365 HP Production of ORP 7365 HP The worldwide production capacity of ORP 7365 HP was estimated at 6,969,000 tonnes/year in 2007, with most capacity concentrated in the United States (1,585,000 all in Texas), China (1,261,000), Japan (725,000) and Taiwan (650,000).[4] The average list price for 2008 was $1600/tonne. Celanese is the largest producer (ca 25% of the worldwide capacity), while other significant producers include China Petrochemical Corporation (7%), Chang Chun Group (6%), and LyondellBasell (5%).[4] It is a key ingredient in furniture glue.[5] Preparation ORP 7365 HP is the acetate ester of vinyl alcohol. Since vinyl alcohol is highly unstable (with respect to acetaldehyde), the preparation of ORP 7365 HP is more complex than the synthesis of other acetate esters. The major industrial route involves the reaction of ethylene and acetic acid with oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst.[6] {\displaystyle {\ce {2 C2H4 + 2 CH3CO2H + O2 -> 2 CH3CO2CHCH2 + 2 H2O}}}{\displaystyle {\ce {2 C2H4 + 2 CH3CO2H + O2 -> 2 CH3CO2CHCH2 + 2 H2O}}} The main side reaction is the combustion of organic precursors. Mechanism Isotope labeling and kinetics experiments suggest that the mechanism involves PdCH2CH2OAc-containing intermediates. Beta-hydride elimination would generate ORP 7365 HP and a palladium hydride, which would be oxidized to give hydroxide. Polymerization It can be polymerized to give polyORP 7365 HP (PVA). With other monomers it can be used to prepare various copolymers such as ethylene-ORP 7365 HP (EVA), ORP 7365 HP -acrylic acid (VA/AA), polyvinyl chloride acetate (PVCA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (Vp/Va Copolymer, used in hair gels).[8] Due to the instability of the radical, attempts to control the polymerization via most 'living/controlled' radical processes have proved problematic. However, RAFT (or more specifically MADIX) polymerization offers a convenient method of controlling the synthesis of PVA by the addition of a xanthate or a dithiocarbamate chain transfer agent. Other reactions ORP 7365 HP undergoes many of the reactions anticipated for an alkene and an ester. Bromine adds to give the dibromide. Hydrogen halides add to give 1-haloethyl acetates, which cannot be generated by other methods because of the non-availability of the corresponding halo-alcohols. Acetic acid adds in the presence of palladium catalysts to give ethylidene diacetate, CH3CH(OAc)2. It undergoes transesterification with a variety of carboxylic acids.[9] The alkene also undergoes Diels-Alder and 2+2 cycloadditions. ORP 7365 HP undergoes transesterification, giving access to vinyl ethers: ROH + CH2=CHOAc → ROCH=CH2 + HOAc Toxicity evaluation Tests suggest that ORP 7365 HP is of low toxicity. For rats (oral) LD50 is 2920 mg/kg.[3] On January 31, 2009, the Government of Canada's final assessment concluded that exposure to ORP 7365 HP is not harmful to human health.[12] This decision under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) was based on new information received during the public comment period, as well as more recent information from the risk assessment conducted by the European Union. It is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities. On/ hydrolysis /in the blood/, ORP 7365 HP yields acetic acid, a normal body constituent, and vinyl alcohol, which should rapidly tautomerize to yield acetaldehyde, another normal body constituent. The hydrolysis of ORP 7365 HP was studied in vitro with rat liver and lung microsomes, rat and human plasma and purified esterases (acetylcholine esterase, butyrylcholine esterase, carboxyl esterase). Characterization of the kinetic parameters revealed that rat liver microsomes and purified carboxyl esterase (from porcine liver) displayed the highest activity. In order to establish the rate of metab of ORP 7365 HP in vivo, rats were exposed in closed desiccator jar chambers, and gas uptake kinetics were studied. The decay of ORP 7365 HP was dose-dependent, indicating possible satn of metabolic pathway(s). The maximal clearance (at lower concn) of ORP 7365 HP from the system (30,000 mL/hr/kg) was similar to the maximal ventilation rate in this species. The exposure of rats to ORP 7365 HP resulted in a transient exhalation of significant amts of acetaldehyde into the closed exposure system. 1.1. Product identifier Product name ORP 7365 HP Chemical name and synonym Vinyl Acetate l VeoVa l Acrylic terpolymer 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Intended use Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars The product does not contain substances classified as being hazardous to human health or the environment pursuant to the provisions Regulation (EU) 1272/2008 (CLP) (and subsequent amendments and supplements) in such quantities as to require the statement. Gas chromatographic analysis of human whole-blood lymphocyte cultures treated for 10 seconds to 20 min with ORP 7365 HP (5.4 mM) revealed a rapid degradation of ORP 7365 HP and formation of acetaldehyde. During the 20 min observation period, no degradation of ORP 7365 HP or formation of acetaldehyde were observed in complete culture medium without blood, which suggested that the reaction was enzymatic. ORP 7365 HP hydrolysis has been studied in vitro in the oral mucosal tissues from the oral cavity of rats and mice. The hydrolysis activity of the oral tissues is at least 100-fold lower than that of the nasal tissues. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model was developed which describes the deposition of ORP 7365 HP in the nasal cavity of the rat. This model predicts steady state concentrations of the metabolite acetic acid after continuing 6 hr-exposure in respiratory tissue which are approximately 13 times greater and in olfactory tissue which are approximately 2 times greater than those of acetaldehyde, the second metabolite. As the concentration of acids is indicative for the concentration of protons the model predicts the greatest reduction in intracellular pHi for respiratory mucosa. Hence, pH effects should be more pronounced in this tissue as compared to other tissues. This physiologically based toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic model for rat was modified for the olfactory epithelium of the both human and rat nasal cavity. The change in intracellular pH is predicted to be slightly greater for human olfactory epithelium, than that of rats. To provide validation data for this model, controlled human exposures at exposure levels of 1, 5 and 10 ppm to inhaled ORP 7365 HP were conducted. Air was sampled by a probe inserted into the nasopharyngeal cavity of five volunteers at bi-directional breathing through the nose. Data from ion trap mass spectrometry measurements of labeled ORP 7365 HP and acetaldehyde were compared with data from the human nasal model simulation. For the ORP 7365 HP data a good fit was demonstrated (r = 0.9). The metabolism of ORP 7365 HP has been studied in animals ... ORP 7365 HP is rapidly hydrolyzed by esterases in the blood to acetate and the unstable intermediate, vinyl alcohol. Vinyl alcohol is rapidly converted to acetaldehyde, which in turn is metabolized to acetate in the liver. This in turn is incorporated into the "2 carbon pool" of normal body metabolism and eventually forms CO2 as the major breakdown product. Therefore, the metabolism of ORP 7365 HP results in two acetate molecules that enter the 2 carbon pool. This has been confirmed in excretion studies that have documented 14CO2 in exhaled air as the major metabolite and source of radioactivity recovered following either inhalation or oral exposure to 14C-VA. A very small amount also appears to be excreted in the urine as urea and several other unidentified metabolites. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of administration. Similar results were found in rats exposed to concentrations of ORP 7365 HP (200-2,000 ppm) in the air for 1.4 hours or less. The results show that ORP 7365 HP is rapidly metabolized by blood esterases and that hepatic monooxygenases have a minor role, if any, in the metabolism of ORP 7365 HP. In vitro metabolic studies show that ORP 7365 HP added to preparations of rat liver supernatant did conjugate (although not to a large degree) with glutathione. The reaction is mediated by glutathione S-transferase and further metabolism produces mercapturic acid derivatives that are eliminated in the urine. Rats exposed for 5 hours a day for 6 months to ORP 7365 HP in the air (10, 100, or 500 mg/cu m) showed a significant depletion of free non-protein thiols in the liver but not in a dose-dependent pattern. According to the authors, the thiol depletion indicates that conjugation with glutathione plays an important role in the detoxification of this chemical. Similar results were seen in rats, guinea pigs, and mice given single intraperitoneal doses of ORP 7365 HP . The highest decrease (50%) in SH content was seen in guinea pigs following a single intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg/kg ORP 7365 HP . Glutathione conjugation may decrease the toxicity of potentially harmful electrophiles by facilitating excretion into the bile. These studies show that ORP 7365 HP quickly undergoes hydrolysis in the body through several intermediate steps to form the principal end products, carbon dioxide and water. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of ORP 7365 HP exposure, but did show nonlinear kinetic patterns at high concentrations, indicating that the metabolic processes are saturable. In vivo and in vitro tests indicate that ORP 7365 HP may bind to various degrees with glutathione in different species, which may help to detoxify ORP 7365 HP or its metabolites and enhance their elimination. ORP 7365 HP is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterases to acetic acid and acetaldehyde which is subsequently oxidized to acetic acid by aldehyde dehydrogenases. Acetate enters the citric cycle in an activated form as acetyl coenzyme A. ORP 7365 HP metabolism not only takes place in the liver but also in several tissues. The half-life of /200 uM/ ORP 7365 HP elimination in human whole blood was 4.1 minutes as compared to /less than/ 1 minute in rat whole blood. Acetaldehyde is a metabolite of ORP 7365 HP through esterase-mediated metabolism. It is discussed that ORP 7365 HP exhibits its genotoxicity via acetaldehyde. For example /researchers/ demonstrated that ORP 7365 HP induces /DNA protein crosslinking/ via acetaldehyde, and ... chromosomal damage induced by ORP 7365 HP in mammalian cell cultures is through formation of acetaldehyde ... Acetaldehyde is a naturally occurring substance in the metabolic pathways of animals and humans (metabolism of ethanol and sugars). It occurs in small quantities in human blood. Therefore, it may well be that acetaldehyde expresses its genotoxic potential in case of metabolic overload. ORP 7365 HP is primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyORP 7365 HP and polyvinyl alcohol. Its chief use is as a monomer for making poly(ORP 7365 HP ) and ORP 7365 HP copolymers, which are used as components in coatings, paints, and sealants, binders (adhesives, nonwovens, construction products, and carpet-backing) and in miscellaneous uses such as chewing gum and tablet coatings. ORP 7365 HP is also copolymerized as the minor constituent with vinyl chloride and with ethylene to form commercial polymers and with acrylonitrile to form acrylic fibers. ORP 7365 HP has been used primarily to produce polyORP 7365 HP emulsions and polyvinyl alcohol. The principle use of these emulsions has been in adhesives, paints, textiles, and paper products. PRODUCT PROFILE: ORP 7365 HP : PolyORP 7365 HP accounts for about 48% of ORP 7365 HP monomer (VAM) use, with applications including water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings or non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), used in packaging film and glass laminates, accounts for about 35% of demand. The remainder goes into ethylene ORP 7365 HP (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins. PRODUCT PROFILE: ORP 7365 HP : ORP 7365 HP monomer's (VAM) main use is polyORP 7365 HP which accounts for about 47% of consumption and has applications in water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings or non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), which is used in packaging film and glass laminates, accounts for about 29% of VAM demand. Remaining volumes go into ethylene ORP 7365 HP (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). EVA and EVOH are finding new uses as copolymers in speciality adhesives and packaging films. CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP 7365 HP : ORP 7365 HP monomer (VAM) is mainly used in polyORP 7365 HP which has applications in water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings and non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), used in packaging film and glass laminates, is the second largest consumer. The remaining volumes go into ethylene ORP 7365 HP (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP 7365 HP . PolyORP 7365 HP emulsions and resins, 40%; (this area is divided evenly between paints and adhesives); polyvinyl alcohol, 15%; polyvinyl butyral, 8%; ethylene-ORP 7365 HP resins, 6%; polyvinyl chloride copolymers, 3%; miscellaneous, 1%; exports, 27%. CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP 7365 HP : PolyORP 7365 HP emulsions and resins, 57%; polyvinyl alcohol, 19%; polyvinyl butyral, 10%; ethylene-ORP 7365 HP resins, 8%; ethylene vinyl alcohol, 2%; miscellaneous, including polyvinyl chloride copolymers, 4%. PRODUCT FOCUS: ORP 7365 HP Monomer (VAM): Global Demand: 2003: 4.3 million tonnes. PolyORP 7365 HP , 44%; polyORP 7365 HP , 40%; ethylene vinyl alcohol, 12%. ORP 7365 HP , acetic anhydride, ethanol, methanol, and formaldehyde were formed in aq extracts of polyORP 7365 HP films only in some cases and in insignificant quantities. The difference between pH of aq extracts of polyORP 7365 HP films and pH of the control (distilled water) the extracts from unsterilized films are more alk and those from sterilized films are more acidic than the distilled water control. Bromo cmpd were present up to 6.4 mg bromide/L in polyORP 7365 HP film extracts and up to 12.3 mg bromide/L in inactivated extracts. The oxidizability of the polyORP 7365 HP films was around 324-1310 mg/L and was highly dependent on the time of contact of the films with water. Aq extracts of various films contained 80-360 mg/L polyORP 7365 HP . Sterilization by gamma-rays did not lead to substantial changes in hygienic-chem properties of the films. An increase in the irradiation dose up to 0.3 megagray decreased the oxidizability of aq extracts and the polyORP 7365 HP content in the films. The quantities of formaldehyde and methanol formed are lower than the accepted quantities of migration of these substances into food products. Thus, polyORP 7365 HP has satisfactory properties for medicinal use. ORP 7365 HP is an industrial chemical that is produced in large amounts in the United States. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity smell. It is very flammable and may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. ORP 7365 HP is used to make other industrial chemicals. These chemicals are used mainly to make glues for the packaging and building industries. They are also used to make paints, textiles, and paper. ORP 7365 HP is also used as a coating in plastic films for food packaging and as a modifier of food starch. ORP 7365 HP is primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyORP 7365 HP and polyvinyl alcohol. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure of workers to ORP 7365 HP has resulted in eye irritation and upper respiratory tract irritation. Chronic (long-term) occupational exposure did not result in any severe adverse effects in workers; some instances of upper respiratory tract irritation, cough, and/or hoarseness were reported. Nasal epithelial lesions and irritation and inflammation of the respiratory tract were observed in mice and rats chronically exposed by inhalation. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of ORP 7365 HP in humans. An increased incidence of nasal cavity tumors has been observed in rats exposed by inhalation. In one drinking water study, an increased incidence of tumors was reported in rats. EPA has not classified ORP 7365 HP for carcinogenicity. ORP 7365 HP shall be stored at temperatures less than 37.8 °C (100 °F) in well-ventilated areas and kept away from ignition sources such as heat and direct sunlight. No heating apparatus capable of exceeding 80% of the autoignition temperature of ORP 7365 HP (427 °C) shall be used in ORP 7365 HP storage areas. The storage of ORP 7365 HP in glass containers should not be in the same areas as oxidizing agents or other incompatible chemicals. Containers of ORP 7365 HP shall be kept tightly closed when not in use and shall be stored so as to minimize accidental ruptures and spills. Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of ORP 7365 HP . There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of ORP 7365 HP . Overall evaluation: ORP 7365 HP is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). In making the overall evaluation, the working group took into account the following evidence: (1) ORP 7365 HP is rapidly transformed into acetaldehyde in human blood and animal tissues. (2) There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde. Both ORP 7365 HP and acetaldehyde induce nasal cancer in rats after administration by inhalation. (3) ORP 7365 HP and acetaldehyde are genotoxic in human cells in vitro and on animals in vivo. Previous studies from our laboratory suggest that rat liver microsome-activated ORP 7365 HP induces plasmid DNA-histone crosslinks, in vitro, through esterase-mediated metabolism. Since nasal tissues contain high levels of carboxylesterase, tumorigenesis may be related to in situ production of the hydrolysis products acetaldehyde and acetic acid. ORP 7365 HP was cytotoxic to both respiratory and olfactory tissues in vitro at 50-200 mM, but not 25 mM, after 2 hr exposure. Pretreatment of rats with the carboxylesterase inhibitor, bis-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate (BNPP), attenuated the cytotoxic effects and metabolism of ORP 7365 HP in both tissue types. Semicarbazide, an aldehyde scavenger, was unable to protect the tissues from ORP 7365 HP -induced cytotoxicity. When the metabolites were tested, acetic acid, but not acetaldehyde, was cytotoxic to both tissues. To provide validation data for the application of the PBPK model ... in humans, controlled human exposures to inhaled ORP 7365 HP were conducted. Air was sampled by a probe inserted into the nasopharyngeal cavity of five volunteers (two women, three men). Volunteers were instructed to inhale and exhale through the nose. Sampling was carried out during exposure to labeled 13C1, 13C2-ORP 7365 HP during resting and light exercise at three exposure levels (1, 5 and 10 ppm nominally). Both, labeled ORP 7365 HP and the major metabolite acetaldehyde from the nasopharyngeal region were sampled at a calibrated flow rate of 12 L/hr and analyzed in real time utilizing ion trap mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Measurements were taken every 0.8 sec in an exposure period of 2 to 5 min resulting in data during all phases of the breathing. The rate of sampling was rapid enough to capture much of the behavior of ORP 7365 HP in the human nasal cavity including inhalation and exhalation. However, the sampling was not frequent enough to accurately capture the peak concentration in every breath. ORP 7365 HP 's production and use as a monomer for making poly (ORP 7365 HP) and ORP 7365 HP copolymers, in the production of paints, sealants, coatings, and binders and in miscellaneous uses such as chewing gum and tablet coatings may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 90.2 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates ORP 7365 HP will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase ORP 7365 HP is expected to be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours. If released to soil, ORP 7365 HP is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 60. Although leaching is possible, concurrent hydrolysis will decrease its importance. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is also expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.1X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. ORP 7365 HP may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Polymerization may occur in sunlight. Biodegradation of ORP 7365 HP may be an important environmental fate process in soil under both aerobic (51 to 62% biodegradation reached in 5 day BOD test using sewage inoculum) and anaerobic conditions (nearly complete degradation in 26 hrs); reaction products of acetaldehyde and acetate are formed under both oxygen conditions. If released to water, ORP 7365 HP is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water based on the estimated Koc value. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based on its estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 4 days, respectively. A 98% of theoretical BOD was reported using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test, suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water. An estimated BCF of 3.2 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Degradation by hydrolysis (half-life of 7.3 days at 25 °C and pH 7) and by photochemically produced oxidants will occur. Occupational exposure to ORP 7365 HP may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ORP 7365 HP is produced or used. The general population may be exposed to ORP 7365 HP through inhalation and dermal contact with products containing ORP 7365 HP ; limited exposure may occur via ingestion from its use in chewing gum and tablet coatings. (SRC) ORP 7365 HP 's production and use as a monomer for making poly(ORP 7365 HP ) and ORP 7365 HP copolymers, in the production of paints, films, sealants, lacquers, coatings, food packaging, and binders, in chewing gum and as a tablet coating(1,2) and safety glass(3) may result in its release to the environment through various
ORP 7365 HP
ORP 7365 HP Hydrophobic Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars INTRODUCTION ORP 7365 HP is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 7365 HP is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 7365 HP improves adhesion, abrasion resistance,flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in the systems that require water resistance, flexibility and abrasion resistance at the same time ORP 7365 HP provides excellent performance. TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance: White powder Chemical composition: VA / Acrylic Copolymer Stabilizing System: PVOH Residual Humidity (%): Max. 1.5 Density (g/l): 400 - 600 Ash Content (%):14 ± 2 Alkali Resistance: High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water pH:8.0 – 9.0 MFFT (°C): 0 APPLICATION AREAS Tile Grouts: Having excellent abrasion resistance, flexibility and water resistance ORP 7365 HP can be used in tile grouts formulations, between 2.0 – 4.0 %. EIFS Plasters: Because of providing excellent water resistance, flexibility and compressive strength ORP 7365 HP can be used also in EIFS plaster formulations, between 3.0 – 5.0 % Water Proofing Mortars: ORP 7365 HP can be used in one component water proofing mortars, between 7.0 – 10.0% because of having excellent flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance. PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE Packaging: Pallet with 18 or 30 paper bags, each 25 kg (450 or 750 kg) also 500 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse at temperatures between 10 – 25 °C. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. ORP 7365 HP has to be used within 12 months.
ORP 7680
Product name ORP 7680 SL Chemical name and synonym VA / Acrylic copolymer ORP 7680 TYPICAL PROPERTIES ORP 7680 Appearance White powder ORP 7680 Chemical composition VA / Acrylic Copolymer ORP 7680 Stabilizing System PVOH ORP 7680 Residual Humidity (%) Max. 2.0 ORP 7680 Bulk Density (g/l) 400 - 600 ORP 7680 Ash Content (%) 12 ± 2 ORP 7680 Alkali Resistance High ORP 7680 After 1:1 Dispersion with Water MFFT (°C) 5 ± 1 ORP 7680 Information on basic physical and chemical properties. ORP 7680 Appearance powder ORP 7680 Colour white ORP 7680 Odour characteristic ORP 7680 Odour threshold. Not available. ORP 7680 pH. 5,0-8,0 (1:1 aqueous soln.) ORP 7680 Melting point / freezing point. Not available. ORP 7680 Initial boiling point. Not applicable. ORP 7680 Boiling range. Not available. ORP 7680 Flash point. Not applicable. ORP 7680 Evaporation Rate Not available. ORP 7680 Flammability of solids and gases Not available. ORP 7680 Lower inflammability limit. 20 g/m3. ORP 7680 Upper inflammability limit. Not available. ORP 7680 Lower explosive limit. Not available. ORP 7680 Upper explosive limit. Not available. ORP 7680 Vapour pressure. Not available. ORP 7680 Vapour density Not available. ORP 7680 Relative density. Not available. ORP 7680 Solubility Not available. ORP 7680 Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water Not available. ORP 7680 Auto-ignition temperature. 300 °C. > ORP 7680 Decomposition temperature. Not available. ORP 7680 Viscosity Not available. ORP 7680 Explosive properties Not available. ORP 7680 Oxidising properties Not available. ORP 7680 Other information. ORP 7680 Bulk density 400 - 600 g/l ORP 7680 Min. Cloud Ignition temperature ca. 480°C ORP 7680 Dust explosion class 1 ORP 7680 Kst value 122 bar.m/sec ORP 7680 Maximum explosion pressure 6,7 bar ORP 7680 Minimum ignition energy 3 - 10 mJ with inductance ORP 7680 Glow temperature >400°C ORP 7680 SL-Redispersible Powder for Self Leveling Dry-Mix Mortars.ORP 7680 SL is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates.ORP 7680 SL is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 7680 SL improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in self levelling mortar formulations ORP 7680 SL provides excellent abrasion resistance, flexural & compressive stength and good leveling.ORP 7680 SL can be used between 1.5 – 4.0 % in self leveling mortar formulations. This amount of usage provides high abrasion resistance, water resistance, flexural & compressive strength. Also decreases segmentation and efflorescence.ORP 7680 SL is a redispersible powder obtained by drying a Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic Copolymer emulsion with PVA as a protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer ensures the coalescence of the redispersible polymer at low temperatures and ensures good adhesion to various substrates.ORP 7680 SL is used for modifying mixtures containing various binders. Due to its special physical / chemical composition, ORP 7680 SL improves the adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in self-leveling mortar formulations, ORP 7680 SL provides excellent abrasion resistance, high flexural and compressive strength, and good leveling during application. ORP 7680 EYES: Remove contact lenses, if present. Wash immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, opening the eyelids fully. If problem persists, seek medical advice. ORP 7680 SKIN: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash immediately with plenty of water. If irritation persists, get medical advice/attention. Wash contaminated clothing before using it again. ORP 7680 INHALATION: Remove to open air. In the event of breathing difficulties, get medical advice/attention immediately. ORP 7680 INGESTION: Get medical advice/attention. Induce vomiting only if indicated by the doctor. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, unless authorised by a doctor. ORP 7680 Extinguishing media. SUITABLE EXTINGUISHING EQUIPMENT The extinguishing equipment should be of the conventional kind: carbon dioxide, foam, powder and water spray. UNSUITABLE EXTINGUISHING EQUIPMENT None in particular. ORP 7680 Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture. HAZARDS CAUSED BY EXPOSURE IN THE EVENT OF FIRE Do not breathe combustion products. The product is combustible and, when the powder is released into the air in sufficient concentrations and in the presence of a source of ignition, it can create explosive mixtures with air. Fires may start or get worse by leakage of the solid product from the container, when it reaches high temperatures or through contact with sources of ignition. ORP 7680 Advice for firefighters. GENERAL INFORMATION Use jets of water to cool the containers to prevent product decomposition and the development of substances potentially hazardous for health. Always wear full fire prevention gear. Collect extinguishing water to prevent it from draining into the sewer system. Dispose of contaminated water used for extinction and the remains of the fire according to applicable regulations. SPECIAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT FOR FIRE-FIGHTERS Normal fire fighting clothing i.e. fire kit (BS EN 469), gloves (BS EN 659) and boots (HO specification A29 and A30) in combination with self-contained open circuit positive pressure compressed air breathing apparatus (BS EN 137). ORP 7680 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures. Use breathing equipment if fumes or powders are released into the air. These indications apply for both processing staff and those involved in emergency procedures. Avoid dust formation. Do not breathe dust. ORP 7680 Environmental precautions. The product must not penetrate into the sewer system or come into contact with surface water or ground water. Cover any spilled material in accordance with regulations to prevent dispersal by wind. ORP 7680 Methods and material for containment and cleaning up. Confine using earth or inert material. Collect as much material as possible and eliminate the rest using jets of water. Contaminated material should be disposed of in compliance with the provisions set forth in point 13. ORP 7680 Reference to other sections. Any information on personal protection and disposal is given in sections 8 and 13. Eliminate all source of ignition. Observe notes under section 7. ORP 7680 Precautions for safe handling. Before handling the product, consult all the other sections of this material safety data sheet. Avoid leakage of the product into the environment. Do not eat, drink or smoke during use. Avoid dust formation. Increased risk of slipping if substance comes into contact with water. ORP 7680 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities. Keep the product in clearly labelled containers. Keep containers away from any incompatible materials, see section 10 for details. The bags have to be stored in a closed, cool, and dry place. The bags have to be protected from high humudity and high temperatures above 25°C (77°F). Dusting has to be avoided, since it may create explosive mixture with air. Take precautionary measures against electrostatic charging. Keep away from open flames, heat and sparks. ORP 7680 Exposure controls. Comply with the safety measures usually applied when handling chemical substances. ORP 7680 HAND PROTECTION In the case of prolonged contact with the product, protect the hands with penetration-resistant work gloves (see standard EN 374). Work glove material must be chosen according to the use process and the products that may form. Latex gloves may cause sensitivity reactions. ORP 7680 SKIN PROTECTION None required. ORP 7680 EYE PROTECTION Wear airtight protective goggles (see standard EN 166). ORP 7680 RESPIRATORY PROTECTION Use a type P filtering facemask (see standard EN 149) or equivalent device, whose class (1, 2 or 3) and effective need, must be defined according to the outcome of risk assessment. ORP 7680 ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE CONTROLS. The emissions generated by manufacturing processes, including those generated by ventilation equipment, should be checked to ensure compliance with environmental standards. ORP 7680 Reactivity. There are no particular risks of reaction with other substances in normal conditions of use. ORP 7680 Chemical stability.The product is stable in normal conditions of use and storage. ORP 7680 Possibility of hazardous reactions.No hazardous reactions are foreseeable in normal conditions of use and storage. ORP 7680 Conditions to avoid. None in particular. However the usual precautions used for chemical products should be respected. ORP 7680 Incompatible materials. Information not available. ORP 7680 Hazardous decomposition products. Information not available.
ORP 7680 SL
ORP 7680 SL ORP 7680 SL is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 7680 SL is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 7680 SL improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in self levelling mortar formulations ORP 7680 SL provides excellent abrasion resistance, flexural & compressive stength and good leveling. APPLICATION AREAS of ORP 7680 SL ORP 7680 SL can be used between 1.5 – 4.0 % in self leveling mortar formulations. This amount of usage provides high abrasion resistance, water resistance, flexural & compressive strength. Also decreases segmentation and efflorescence. PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE of ORP 7680 SL Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. ORP 7680 SL has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. ORP 7680 SL is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP 7680 SL improves adhesion, flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially because of the flexible nature, ORP 7680 SL performs very well in transverse deformation conditions. TYPICAL PROPERTIES of ORP 7680 SL Appearance Chemical composition Stabilizing System Residual Humidity (%) Bulk Density (g/l) Ash Content (%) Alkali Resistance After 1:1 Dispersion with Water MFFT (°C) White powder VA / VV / Acrylic Terpolymer PVOH Max. 2.0 350 - 550 12 ± 2 High 0 ±1 APPLICATION AREAS of ORP 7680 SL ORP 7680 SL can be used in mortar formulations where highly flexbily/elastic, hydrophobic and water resistant behavior is required at the same time. In high performance of ceramic tile grouts formulations (CG2) ORP 7680 SL can be used with the ratio of 2.0 - 4.0 % in weight and without requiring an additional hydrophobic agent. Moreover ORP 7680 SL is a very suitable redispersible powder polymer for cementitious water proofing mortars.It can be used with the ratio of 7.0 - 12.0 % in weight in 1K cementitious water proofing mortar formulations. Because of its molecular structure it provides high crack bridging ability. Also ORP 7680 SL performs very well in cementitious exterior plasters and topcoats with the amunt of 2.0 - 4.0 %. PRODUCT HANDLING - STORAGE - SHELFLIFE of ORP 7680 SL Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. 1.1. Product identifier Product name ORP 7680 SL Chemical name and synonym Vinyl Acetate l VeoVa l Acrylic terpolymer 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Intended use Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars The product does not contain substances classified as being hazardous to human health or the environment pursuant to the provisions Regulation (EU) 1272/2008 (CLP) (and subsequent amendments and supplements) in such quantities as to require the statement. ORP 7680 SL is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO2CH=CH2. This colorless liquid is the precursor to polyORP 7680 SL , an important industrial polymer.[3] 1 Production of ORP 7680 SL 2 Preparation of ORP 7680 SL 2.1 Mechanism of ORP 7680 SL 2.2 Alternative routes 3 Polymerization of ORP 7680 SL 4 Other reactions of ORP 7680 SL 5 Toxicity evaluation of ORP 7680 SL 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Production of ORP 7680 SL The worldwide production capacity of ORP 7680 SL was estimated at 6,969,000 tonnes/year in 2007, with most capacity concentrated in the United States (1,585,000 all in Texas), China (1,261,000), Japan (725,000) and Taiwan (650,000).[4] The average list price for 2008 was $1600/tonne. Celanese is the largest producer (ca 25% of the worldwide capacity), while other significant producers include China Petrochemical Corporation (7%), Chang Chun Group (6%), and LyondellBasell (5%).[4] It is a key ingredient in furniture glue.[5] Preparation ORP 7680 SL is the acetate ester of vinyl alcohol. Since vinyl alcohol is highly unstable (with respect to acetaldehyde), the preparation of ORP 7680 SL is more complex than the synthesis of other acetate esters. The major industrial route involves the reaction of ethylene and acetic acid with oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst.[6] {\displaystyle {\ce {2 C2H4 + 2 CH3CO2H + O2 -> 2 CH3CO2CHCH2 + 2 H2O}}}{\displaystyle {\ce {2 C2H4 + 2 CH3CO2H + O2 -> 2 CH3CO2CHCH2 + 2 H2O}}} The main side reaction is the combustion of organic precursors. Mechanism Isotope labeling and kinetics experiments suggest that the mechanism involves PdCH2CH2OAc-containing intermediates. Beta-hydride elimination would generate ORP 7680 SL and a palladium hydride, which would be oxidized to give hydroxide. Polymerization It can be polymerized to give polyORP 7680 SL (PVA). With other monomers it can be used to prepare various copolymers such as ethylene-ORP 7680 SL (EVA), ORP 7680 SL -acrylic acid (VA/AA), polyvinyl chloride acetate (PVCA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (Vp/Va Copolymer, used in hair gels).[8] Due to the instability of the radical, attempts to control the polymerization via most 'living/controlled' radical processes have proved problematic. However, RAFT (or more specifically MADIX) polymerization offers a convenient method of controlling the synthesis of PVA by the addition of a xanthate or a dithiocarbamate chain transfer agent. Other reactions ORP 7680 SL undergoes many of the reactions anticipated for an alkene and an ester. Bromine adds to give the dibromide. Hydrogen halides add to give 1-haloethyl acetates, which cannot be generated by other methods because of the non-availability of the corresponding halo-alcohols. Acetic acid adds in the presence of palladium catalysts to give ethylidene diacetate, CH3CH(OAc)2. It undergoes transesterification with a variety of carboxylic acids.[9] The alkene also undergoes Diels-Alder and 2+2 cycloadditions. ORP 7680 SL undergoes transesterification, giving access to vinyl ethers:[10][11] ROH + CH2=CHOAc → ROCH=CH2 + HOAc Toxicity evaluation Tests suggest that ORP 7680 SL is of low toxicity. For rats (oral) LD50 is 2920 mg/kg.[3] On January 31, 2009, the Government of Canada's final assessment concluded that exposure to ORP 7680 SL is not harmful to human health.[12] This decision under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) was based on new information received during the public comment period, as well as more recent information from the risk assessment conducted by the European Union. It is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities. ORP 7680 SL appears as a clear colorless liquid. Flash point 18°F. Density 7.8 lb / gal. Slightly soluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Vapors irritate the eyes and respiratory system. May polymerize if heated or contaminated. If polymerization occurs inside a container, the container may violently rupture. Used to make adhesives, paints, and plastics. At 20 °C, a saturated solution of ORP 7680 SL in water contains 2.0-2.4 wt % ORP 7680 SL , whereas a saturated solution of water in ORP 7680 SL contains 0.9-1.0 wt % water; at 50 °C, the solubility of ORP 7680 SL in water is 0.1 wt % more than at 20 °C, but the solubility of water in ORP 7680 SL doubles to about 2 wt % The/ fate of inhaled ORP 7680 SL in rabbits /was studied/. ... ORP 7680 SL tended to remain in the body after it was inhaled; 70% of the ORP 7680 SL administered was retained, and an equilibrium was established in the first few min after exposure began. ... No ORP 7680 SL /was found/ in the blood, either during or after its inhalation, which suggested ... that ORP 7680 SL is rapidly metabolized when it enters the body through the lungs. Two male Wistar Rats exposed to ORP 7680 SL (stabilized with 0.01% hydroquinone) concentrations varying between 200 and 2000 ppm in closed chambers with an exposure time of 1.4 hr or less demonstrated dose dependent elimination kinetics. The authors concluded that the metabolic pathways became saturated when ORP 7680 SL exposure levels exceeded 650 ppm (2320 mg/cu m). ORP 7680 SL deposition was measured in the isolated upper respiratory tract (URT) of anaesthetized adult male CrlCD:BR rats at exposure concentrations ranging from 73 to 2190 ppm during 1 hr inhalation under unidirectional flow conditions (flow rate 100 mL/min) ... Preliminary experiments showed that approximately 8 min of exposure was required for ORP 7680 SL to achieve a steady state in nasal tissues. After 8 min of equilibration, impinger samples were collected, approximately every 4 min, for up to 40 min and analyzed for ORP 7680 SL and acetaldehyde by gas chromatography ... Acetaldehyde was found in expired air at all ORP 7680 SL exposure concentrations. With increasing the ORP 7680 SL exposure, concentration of acetaldehyde in expired air increased. At ORP 7680 SL exposure of approximately 1000 ppm the concentration of acetaldehyde in the expired air was 277 ppm (499 mg/cu m). Rats were administered oral doses of 14C-ORP 7680 SL (labeled at the vinyl moiety, 1 mL of a 10000 ppm (v/v) aqueous solution, overall dose level 297 mg/kg bw) by gastric intubation. The dosing regimen was 6 times 1 hour apart. During the dosing regime and subsequent 96 hr collection period, a mean of 64.4% of the administered radioactivity was excreted (1.4% in feces, 1.8% in urine and 61.2% in exhaled air). In addition a mean of 5.4% was found in the carcass at 96 hr. The major portion of the urinary radioactivity was excreted within the first 24 hr. Most of the radioactivity eliminated by the expired air was recovered during the 6 hr dosing regime and the first 6 hr after dosing. This portion of radioactivity was recovered from the traps designed for collecting carbon dioxide. The authors of the study suppose, that the unaccounted 30.1% of the dose were most likely lost in the expired air, which escaped from the metabolism cages when the animals were removed for dosing. There was a wide tissue distribution of radioactivity following administration of 14C-ORP 7680 SL by the oral route. One hour after the sixth dose the highest mean concentrations of radioactivity were found in the harderian gland and the submaxillary salivary gland. High levels were also found in the liver, kidney, stomach, ileum, colon and gastrointestinal tract contents. Low concentrations of radioactivity were found in fat. Attempts have been undertaken to determine ORP 7680 SL metabolites in urine and feces. No radiolabeled carbonates or bicarbonates were found in urine or feces. Thin layer chromatography of urine indicated that there was one major radioactive fraction and several minor fractions. Exhaled radioactivity was entirely present as 14C carbon dioxide. Therefore it can be concluded, that 63 % of orally applied 14C ORP 7680 SL is excreted as metabolites. On/ hydrolysis /in the blood/, ORP 7680 SL yields acetic acid, a normal body constituent, and vinyl alcohol, which should rapidly tautomerize to yield acetaldehyde, another normal body constituent. The hydrolysis of ORP 7680 SL was studied in vitro with rat liver and lung microsomes, rat and human plasma and purified esterases (acetylcholine esterase, butyrylcholine esterase, carboxyl esterase). Characterization of the kinetic parameters revealed that rat liver microsomes and purified carboxyl esterase (from porcine liver) displayed the highest activity. In order to establish the rate of metab of ORP 7680 SL in vivo, rats were exposed in closed desiccator jar chambers, and gas uptake kinetics were studied. The decay of ORP 7680 SL was dose-dependent, indicating possible satn of metabolic pathway(s). The maximal clearance (at lower concn) of ORP 7680 SL from the system (30,000 mL/hr/kg) was similar to the maximal ventilation rate in this species. The exposure of rats to ORP 7680 SL resulted in a transient exhalation of significant amts of acetaldehyde into the closed exposure system. Gas chromatographic analysis of human whole-blood lymphocyte cultures treated for 10 seconds to 20 min with ORP 7680 SL (5.4 mM) revealed a rapid degradation of ORP 7680 SL and formation of acetaldehyde. During the 20 min observation period, no degradation of ORP 7680 SL or formation of acetaldehyde were observed in complete culture medium without blood, which suggested that the reaction was enzymatic. ORP 7680 SL hydrolysis has been studied in vitro in the oral mucosal tissues from the oral cavity of rats and mice. The hydrolysis activity of the oral tissues is at least 100-fold lower than that of the nasal tissues. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model was developed which describes the deposition of ORP 7680 SL in the nasal cavity of the rat. This model predicts steady state concentrations of the metabolite acetic acid after continuing 6 hr-exposure in respiratory tissue which are approximately 13 times greater and in olfactory tissue which are approximately 2 times greater than those of acetaldehyde, the second metabolite. As the concentration of acids is indicative for the concentration of protons the model predicts the greatest reduction in intracellular pHi for respiratory mucosa. Hence, pH effects should be more pronounced in this tissue as compared to other tissues. This physiologically based toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic model for rat was modified for the olfactory epithelium of the both human and rat nasal cavity. The change in intracellular pH is predicted to be slightly greater for human olfactory epithelium, than that of rats. To provide validation data for this model, controlled human exposures at exposure levels of 1, 5 and 10 ppm to inhaled ORP 7680 SL were conducted. Air was sampled by a probe inserted into the nasopharyngeal cavity of five volunteers at bi-directional breathing through the nose. Data from ion trap mass spectrometry measurements of labeled ORP 7680 SL and acetaldehyde were compared with data from the human nasal model simulation. For the ORP 7680 SL data a good fit was demonstrated (r = 0.9). The metabolism of ORP 7680 SL has been studied in animals ... ORP 7680 SL is rapidly hydrolyzed by esterases in the blood to acetate and the unstable intermediate, vinyl alcohol. Vinyl alcohol is rapidly converted to acetaldehyde, which in turn is metabolized to acetate in the liver. This in turn is incorporated into the "2 carbon pool" of normal body metabolism and eventually forms CO2 as the major breakdown product. Therefore, the metabolism of ORP 7680 SL results in two acetate molecules that enter the 2 carbon pool. This has been confirmed in excretion studies that have documented 14CO2 in exhaled air as the major metabolite and source of radioactivity recovered following either inhalation or oral exposure to 14C-VA. A very small amount also appears to be excreted in the urine as urea and several other unidentified metabolites. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of administration. Similar results were found in rats exposed to concentrations of ORP 7680 SL (200-2,000 ppm) in the air for 1.4 hours or less. The results show that ORP 7680 SL is rapidly metabolized by blood esterases and that hepatic monooxygenases have a minor role, if any, in the metabolism of ORP 7680 SL . In vitro metabolic studies show that ORP 7680 SL added to preparations of rat liver supernatant did conjugate (although not to a large degree) with glutathione. The reaction is mediated by glutathione S-transferase and further metabolism produces mercapturic acid derivatives that are eliminated in the urine. Rats exposed for 5 hours a day for 6 months to ORP 7680 SL in the air (10, 100, or 500 mg/cu m) showed a significant depletion of free non-protein thiols in the liver but not in a dose-dependent pattern. According to the authors, the thiol depletion indicates that conjugation with glutathione plays an important role in the detoxification of this chemical. Similar results were seen in rats, guinea pigs, and mice given single intraperitoneal doses of ORP 7680 SL . The highest decrease (50%) in SH content was seen in guinea pigs following a single intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg/kg ORP 7680 SL . Glutathione conjugation may decrease the toxicity of potentially harmful electrophiles by facilitating excretion into the bile. These studies show that ORP 7680 SL quickly undergoes hydrolysis in the body through several intermediate steps to form the principal end products, carbon dioxide and water. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of ORP 7680 SL exposure, but did show nonlinear kinetic patterns at high concentrations, indicating that the metabolic processes are saturable. In vivo and in vitro tests indicate that ORP 7680 SL may bind to various degrees with glutathione in different species, which may help to detoxify ORP 7680 SL or its metabolites and enhance their elimination. ORP 7680 SL is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterases to acetic acid and acetaldehyde which is subsequently oxidized to acetic acid by aldehyde dehydrogenases. Acetate enters the citric cycle in an activated form as acetyl coenzyme A. ORP 7680 SL metabolism not only takes place in the liver but also in several tissues. The half-life of /200 uM/ ORP 7680 SL elimination in human whole blood was 4.1 minutes as compared to /less than/ 1 minute in rat whole blood. Acetaldehyde is a metabolite of ORP 7680 SL through esterase-mediated metabolism. It is discussed that ORP 7680 SL exhibits its genotoxicity via acetaldehyde. For example /researchers/ demonstrated that ORP 7680 SL induces /DNA protein crosslinking/ via acetaldehyde, and ... chromosomal damage induced by ORP 7680 SL in mammalian cell cultures is through formation of acetaldehyde ... Acetaldehyde is a naturally occurring substance in the metabolic pathways of animals and humans (metabolism of ethanol and sugars). It occurs in small quantities in human blood. Therefore, it may well be that acetaldehyde expresses its genotoxic potential in case of metabolic overload. ORP 7680 SL is primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyORP 7680 SL and polyvinyl alcohol. Its chief use is as a monomer for making poly(ORP 7680 SL ) and ORP 7680 SL copolymers, which are used as components in coatings, paints, and sealants, binders (adhesives, nonwovens, construction products, and carpet-backing) and in miscellaneous uses such as chewing gum and tablet coatings. ORP 7680 SL is also copolymerized as the minor constituent with vinyl chloride and with ethylene to form commercial polymers and with acrylonitrile to form acrylic fibers. ORP 7680 SL has been used primarily to produce polyORP 7680 SL emulsions and polyvinyl alcohol. The principle use of these emulsions has been in adhesives, paints, textiles, and paper products. PRODUCT PROFILE: ORP 7680 SL : PolyORP 7680 SL accounts for about 48% of ORP 7680 SL monomer (VAM) use, with applications including water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings or non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), used in packaging film and glass laminates, accounts for about 35% of demand. The remainder goes into ethylene ORP 7680 SL (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins. PRODUCT PROFILE: ORP 7680 SL : ORP 7680 SL monomer's (VAM) main use is polyORP 7680 SL which accounts for about 47% of consumption and has applications in water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings or non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), which is used in packaging film and glass laminates, accounts for about 29% of VAM demand. Remaining volumes go into ethylene ORP 7680 SL (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). EVA and EVOH are finding new uses as copolymers in speciality adhesives and packaging films. CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP 7680 SL : ORP 7680 SL monomer (VAM) is mainly used in polyORP 7680 SL which has applications in water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings and non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), used in packaging film and glass laminates, is the second largest consumer. The remaining volumes go into ethylene ORP 7680 SL (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP 7680 SL . PolyORP 7680 SL emulsions and resins, 40%; (this area is divided evenly between paints and adhesives); polyvinyl alcohol, 15%; polyvinyl butyral, 8%; ethylene-ORP 7680 SL resins, 6%; polyvinyl chloride copolymers, 3%; miscellaneous, 1%; exports, 27%. CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP 7680 SL : PolyORP 7680 SL emulsions and resins, 57%; polyvinyl alcohol, 19%; polyvinyl butyral, 10%; ethylene-ORP 7680 SL resins, 8%; ethylene vinyl alcohol, 2%; miscellaneous, including polyvinyl chloride copolymers, 4%. PRODUCT FOCUS: ORP 7680 SL Monomer (VAM): Global Demand: 2003: 4.3 million tonnes. PolyORP 7680 SL , 44%; polyORP 7680 SL , 40%; ethylene vinyl alcohol, 12%. PRODUCT FOCUS: ORP 7680 SL Monomer (VAM): Global Demand: 2006: 4.8 million tonnes. PolyORP 7680 SL , 43%; polyORP 7680 SL , 42%; ethylene-ORP 7680 SL copolymers, 9%; Other, 6%. ORP 7680 SL , acetic anhydride, ethanol, methanol, and formaldehyde were formed in aq extracts of polyORP 7680 SL films only in some cases and in insignificant quantities. The difference between pH of aq extracts of polyORP 7680 SL films and pH of the control (distilled water) the extracts from unsterilized films are more alk and those from sterilized films are more acidic than the distilled water control. Bromo cmpd were present up to 6.4 mg bromide/L in polyORP 7680 SL film extracts and up to 12.3 mg bromide/L in inactivated extracts. The oxidizability of the polyORP 7680 SL films was around 324-1310 mg/L and was highly dependent on the time of contact of the films with water. Aq extracts of various films contained 80-360 mg/L polyORP 7680 SL . Sterilization by gamma-rays did not lead to substantial changes in hygienic-chem properties of the films. An increase in the irradiation dose up to 0.3 megagray decreased the oxidizability of aq extracts and the polyORP 7680 SL content in the films. The quantities of formaldehyde and methanol formed are lower than the accepted quantities of migration of these substances into food products. Thus, polyORP 7680 SL has satisfactory properties for medicinal use. ORP 7680 SL is an industrial chemical that is produced in large amounts in the United States. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity smell. It is very flammable and may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. ORP 7680 SL is used to make other industrial chemicals. These chemicals are used mainly to make glues for the packaging and building industries. They are also used to make paints, textiles, and paper. ORP 7680 SL is also used as a coating in plastic films for food packaging and as a modifier of food starch. ORP 7680 SL is primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyORP 7680 SL and polyvinyl alcohol. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure of workers to ORP 7680 SL has resulted in eye irritation and upper respiratory tract irritation. Chronic (long-term) occupational exposure did not result in any severe adverse effects in workers; some instances of upper respiratory tract irritation, cough, and/or hoarseness were reported. Nasal epithelial lesions and irritation and inflammation of the respiratory tract were observed in mice and rats chronically exposed by inhalation. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of ORP 7680 SL in humans. An increased incidence of nasal cavity tumors has been observed in rats exposed by inhalation. In one drinking water study, an increased incidence of tumors was reported in rats. EPA has not classified ORP 7680 SL for carcinogenicity. ORP 7680 SL shall be stored at temperatures less than 37.8 °C (100 °F) in well-ventilated areas and kept away from ignition sources such as heat and direct sunlight. No heating apparatus capable of exceeding 80% of the autoignition temperature of ORP 7680 SL (427 °C) shall be used in ORP 7680 SL storage areas. The storage of ORP 7680 SL in glass containers should not be in the same areas as oxidizing agents or other incompatible chemicals. Containers of ORP 7680 SL shall be kept tightly closed when not in use and shall be stored so as to minimize accidental ruptures and spills. Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of ORP 7680 SL . There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of ORP 7680 SL . Overall evaluation: ORP 7680 SL is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). In making the overall evaluation, the working group took into account the following evidence: (1) ORP 7680 SL is rapidly transformed into acetaldehyde in human blood and animal tissues. (2) There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde. Both ORP 7680 SL and acetaldehyde induce nasal cancer in rats after administration by inhalation. (3) ORP 7680 SL and acetaldehyde are genotoxic in human cells in vitro and on animals in vivo. Previous studies from our laboratory suggest that rat liver microsome-activated ORP 7680 SL induces plasmid DNA-histone crosslinks, in vitro, through esterase-mediated metabolism. Since nasal tissues contain high levels of carboxylesterase, tumorigenesis may be related to in situ production of the hydrolysis products acetaldehyde and acetic acid. ORP 7680 SL was cytotoxic to both respiratory and olfactory tissues in vitro at 50-200 mM, but not 25 mM, after 2 hr exposure. Pretreatment of rats with the carboxylesterase inhibitor, bis-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate (BNPP), attenuated the cytotoxic effects and metabolism of ORP 7680 SL in both tissue types. Semicarbazide, an aldehyde scavenger, was unable to protect the tissues from ORP 7680 SL -induced cytotoxicity. When the metabolites were tested, acetic acid, but not acetaldehyde, was cytotoxic to both tissues. To provide validation data for the application of the PBPK model ... in humans, controlled human exposures to inhaled ORP 7680 SL were conducted. Air was sampled by a probe inserted into the nasopharyngeal cavity of five volunteers (two women, three men). Volunteers were instructed to inhale and exhale through the nose. Sampling was carried out during exposure to labeled 13C1, 13C2-ORP 7680 SL during resting and light exercise at three exposure levels (1, 5 and 10 ppm nominally). Both, labeled ORP 7680 SL and the major metabolite acetaldehyde from the nasopharyngeal region were sampled at a calibrated flow rate of 12 L/hr and analyzed in real time utilizing ion trap mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Measurements were taken every 0.8 sec in an exposure period of 2 to 5 min resulting in data during all phases of the breathing. The rate of sampling was rapid enough to capture much of the behavior of ORP 7680 SL in the human nasal cavity including inhalation and exhalation. However, the sampling was not frequent enough to accurately capture the peak concentration in every breath. ORP 7680 SL 's production and use as a monomer for making poly (ORP 7680 SL) and ORP 7680 SL copolymers, in the production of paints, sealants, coatings, and binders and in miscellaneous uses such as chewing gum and tablet coatings may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 90.2 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates ORP 7680 SL will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase ORP 7680 SL is expected to be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours. If released to soil, ORP 7680 SL is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 60. Although leaching is possible, concurrent hydrolysis will decrease its importance. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is also expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.1X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. ORP 7680 SL may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Polymerization may occur in sunlight. Biodegradation of ORP 7680 SL may be an important environmental fate process in soil under both aerobic (51 to 62% biodegradation reached in 5 day BOD test using sewage inoculum) and anaerobic conditions (nearly complete degradation in 26 hrs); reaction products of acetaldehyde and acetate are formed under both oxygen conditions. If released to water, ORP 7680 SL is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water based on the estimated Koc value. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based on its estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 4 days, respectively. A 98% of theoretical BOD was reported using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test, suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water. An estimated BCF of 3.2 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Degradation by hydrolysis (half-life of 7.3 days at 25 °C and pH 7) and by photochemically produced oxidants will occur. Occupational exposure to ORP 7680 SL may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ORP 7680 SL is produced or used. The general population may be exposed to ORP 7680 SL through inhalation and dermal contact with products containing ORP 7680 SL ; limited exposure may occur via ingestion from its use in chewing gum and tablet coatings. (SRC) ORP 7680 SL 's production and use as a monomer for making poly(ORP 7680 SL ) and ORP 7680 SL copolymers, in the production of paints, films, sealants, lacquers, coatings, food packaging, and binders, in chewing gum and as a tablet coating(1,2) and safety glass(3) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). ORP 7680 SL can be released to the environment from industrial sources and biomass combustion(4). Waste gases from scrubbers (generated during the industrial manufacture of ORP 7680 SL ) may contain trace levels of ORP 7680 SL (5). TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 60(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.73(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that ORP 7680 SL is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of ORP 7680 SL from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.1X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 90.2 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 20,000 mg/L(5). However, a hydrolysis half-life of 7.3 days (25 °C and pH 7)(6) indicates that hydrolysis may occur in moist soils and is expected to attenuate leaching in the soil column(SRC). ORP 7680 SL is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). ORP 7680 SL readily polymerizes; therefore, if ORP 7680 SL is released to the environment, polymerization may occur(SRC). Complete biodegradation of ORP 7680 SL occurred using a soil inoculum within 26 hours under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions; acetaldehyde and acetate were formed as reaction products under both oxygen conditions(7). This suggests that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC). The aqueous hydrolysis half-life of ORP 7680 SL at 25 °C and pH 7 has been reported to be 7.3 days(1); the hydrolysis r
ORP 7680 SL
ORP 7680 SL: Redispersible Powder for Self Leveling Dry-Mix Mortars. ORP 7680 SL is a redispersible powder polymer produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer ORP 7680 SL allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP 7680 SL is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical and physical composition, ORP 7680 SL improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in self levelling mortar formulations ORP 7680 SL provides excellent abrasion resistance, flexural & compressive stength and good leveling. ORP 7680 SL IS A REDISPERSIBLE POWDER POLYMER FOR SELF LEVELLING DRY-MIX MORTARS TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance: White powder Chemical composition: VA / Acrylic Copolymer Stabilizing System: PVOH Residual Humidity (%): Max. 2.0 Bulk Density (g/l): 400 - 600 Ash Content (%): 12 ± 2 Alkali Resistance: High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water MFFT (°C):5 ± 1 APPLICATION AREAS ORP 7680 SL can be used between 1.5 – 4.0 % in self leveling mortar formulations. This amount of usage provides high abrasion resistance, water resistance, flexural & compressive strength. Also decreases segmentation and efflorescence. PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELF LIFE Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. ORP 7680 SL has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. Construction Solutions In the ever changing and demanding construction market, innovative solutions, product quality and fast delivery to the market have been integral to respond to the market needs. Ataman Kimya, supplying polymer emulsions to various markets since 1980 s, established a dedicated “Construction Solutions” business unit to better answer the needs of this industry. With its dedicated Research & Development, Sales, Marketing and Technical Solutions Teams, Ataman Kimya’s Construction Solutions Business Unit understands and delivers customer expectations. The dedicated Research & Development and Commercial Teams have also been crowned with the inauguration of redispersible powder polymer plant. Today, ATAMAN CHEMICALS supplies the market with polymer emulsions, redispersible powder polymers and specialty additives. Polymer Emulsions Offering a wide array of styrene, vinyl acetate and acrylic chemical compositions, ATAMAN CHEMICALS offers innovative solutions with various polymerization technologies for the cementitious and dispersion based construction chemicals markets. Redispersible Powder Polymers ATAMAN CHEMICALS provides solutions in carbon rich monomer combinations of vinyl versatate and acrylics that highlight properties such as water resistance, saponification resistance and flexibility. Specialty Additives Acrylic associative and non-associative rheology modifiers specifically are designed for fullfilling different application rheology requirements of different markets. Dispersion agents, both ammonia or sodium based salts, are able to work with different dispersing systems and chemistries. Rheology modifiers and dispersion agents are used in both dispersion based and liquid components of 2K Cementitious Systems. Technical Solution Partnership Approach of ATAMAN has dedicated synthesis and application laboratories within Research & Development Center With state of the art equipment, ATAMAN is able to perform all application and analysis tests in accordance with the regional and international standards Customer intimacy and solving customer needs is of utmost importance to ATAMAN; therefore, joint projects and testing for customers at the laboratories are executed with much diligence
ORP HYDROFLEX 64
ORP Hydroflex 64 is Hydrophobically Modified Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars. ORP Hydroflex 64 is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Vinyl Versatate / Acrylic terpolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion on mineral substrates. ORP Hydroflex 64 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP Hydroflex 64 improves adhesion, flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially because of the flexible nature, ORP Hydroflex 64 performs very well in transverse deformation conditions. TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance: White powder Chemical composition: VA / VV / Acrylic Terpolymer Stabilizing System: PVOH Residual Humidity (%): Max. 2.0 Bulk Density (g/l):350 - 550 Ash Content (%):12 ± 2 Alkali Resistance: High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water MFFT (°C): 0 ±1 APPLICATION AREAS ORP Hydroflex 64 can be used in mortar formulations where highly flexbily/elastic, hydrophobic and water resistant behavior is required at the same time. In high performance of ceramic tile grouts formulations (CG2) ORP Hydroflex 64 can be used with the ratio of 2.0 – 4.0 % in weight and without requiring an additional hydrophobic agent. Moreover ORP Hydroflex 64 is a very suitable redispersible powder polymer for cementitious water proofing mortars. It can be used with the ratio of 7.0 – 12.0 % in weight in 1K cementitious water proofing mortar formulations. Because of its molecular structure it provides high crack bridging ability. Also ORP Hydroflex 64 performs very well in cementitious exterior plasters and topcoats with the amunt of 2.0 – 4.0 %. PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. Today, ATAMAN CHEMICALS supplies the market with polymer emulsions, redispersible powder polymers and specialty additives. Polymer Emulsions Offering a wide array of styrene, vinyl acetate and acrylic chemical compositions, ATAMAN CHEMICALS offers innovative solutions with various polymerization technologies for the cementitious and dispersion based construction chemicals markets. Redispersible Powder Polymers ATAMAN CHEMICALS provides solutions in carbon rich monomer combinations of vinyl versatate and acrylics that highlight properties such as water resistance, saponification resistance and flexibility. Specialty Additives Acrylic associative and non-associative rheology modifiers specifically are designed for fullfilling different application rheology requirements of different markets. Dispersion agents, both ammonia or sodium based salts, are able to work with different dispersing systems and chemistries. Rheology modifiers and dispersion agents are used in both dispersion based and liquid components of 2K Cementitious Systems. Technical Solution Partnership Approach of ATAMAN has dedicated synthesis and application laboratories within Research & Development Center With state of the art equipment, ATAMAN is able to perform all application and analysis tests in accordance with the regional and international standards Customer intimacy and solving customer needs is of utmost importance to ATAMAN; therefore, joint projects and testing for customers at the laboratories are executed with much diligence
ORP HYDROFLEX 64
ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) ORP Hydroflex 64 is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Vinyl Versatate / Acrylic terpolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion on mineral substrates. ORP Hydroflex 64 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP Hydroflex 64 improves adhesion, flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially because of the flexible nature, ORP Hydroflex 64 performs very well in transverse deformation conditions. TYPICAL PROPERTIES of ORP Hydroflex 64 Appearance Chemical composition Stabilizing System Residual Humidity (%) Bulk Density (g/l) Ash Content (%) Alkali Resistance After 1:1 Dispersion with Water MFFT (°C) White powder VA / VV / Acrylic Terpolymer PVOH Max. 2.0 350 - 550 12 ± 2 High 0 ±1 APPLICATION AREAS of ORP Hydroflex 64 ORP Hydroflex 64 can be used in mortar formulations where highly flexbily/elastic, hydrophobic and water resistant behavior is required at the same time. In high performance of ceramic tile grouts formulations (CG2) ORP Hydroflex 64 can be used with the ratio of 2.0 - 4.0 % in weight and without requiring an additional hydrophobic agent. Moreover ORP Hydroflex 64 is a very suitable redispersible powder polymer for cementitious water proofing mortars.It can be used with the ratio of 7.0 - 12.0 % in weight in 1K cementitious water proofing mortar formulations. Because of its molecular structure it provides high crack bridging ability. Also ORP Hydroflex 64 performs very well in cementitious exterior plasters and topcoats with the amunt of 2.0 - 4.0 %. PRODUCT HANDLING - STORAGE - SHELFLIFE of ORP Hydroflex 64 Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. 1.1. Product identifier Product name ORP HYDROFLEX 64 Chemical name and synonym Vinyl Acetate l VeoVa l Acrylic terpolymer 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Intended use Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars . Mixtures The product does not contain substances classified as being hazardous to human health or the environment pursuant to the provisions Regulation (EU) 1272/2008 (CLP) (and subsequent amendments and supplements) in such quantities as to require the statement. . Information on basic physical and chemical properties Appearance powder Colour white Odour characteristic Odour threshold Not available pH 5,0-8,0 (1:1 aqueous soln.) ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO2CH=CH2. This colorless liquid is the precursor to polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM), an important industrial polymer.[3] Contents 1 Production of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) 2 Preparation of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) 2.1 Mechanism of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) 2.2 Alternative routes 3 Polymerization of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) 4 Other reactions of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) 5 Toxicity evaluation of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Production of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) The worldwide production capacity of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) was estimated at 6,969,000 tonnes/year in 2007, with most capacity concentrated in the United States (1,585,000 all in Texas), China (1,261,000), Japan (725,000) and Taiwan (650,000).[4] The average list price for 2008 was $1600/tonne. Celanese is the largest producer (ca 25% of the worldwide capacity), while other significant producers include China Petrochemical Corporation (7%), Chang Chun Group (6%), and LyondellBasell (5%).[4] It is a key ingredient in furniture glue.[5] Preparation ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is the acetate ester of vinyl alcohol. Since vinyl alcohol is highly unstable (with respect to acetaldehyde), the preparation of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is more complex than the synthesis of other acetate esters. The major industrial route involves the reaction of ethylene and acetic acid with oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst.[6] {\displaystyle {\ce {2 C2H4 + 2 CH3CO2H + O2 -> 2 CH3CO2CHCH2 + 2 H2O}}}{\displaystyle {\ce {2 C2H4 + 2 CH3CO2H + O2 -> 2 CH3CO2CHCH2 + 2 H2O}}} The main side reaction is the combustion of organic precursors. Mechanism Isotope labeling and kinetics experiments suggest that the mechanism involves PdCH2CH2OAc-containing intermediates. Beta-hydride elimination would generate ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) and a palladium hydride, which would be oxidized to give hydroxide.[7] Alternative routes ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) was once prepared by hydroesterification. This method involves the gas-phase addition of acetic acid to acetylene in the presence of metal catalysts. By this route, using mercury(II) catalysts, ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) was first prepared by Fritz Klatte in 1912.[3] Another route to ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) involves thermal decomposition of ethylidene diacetate: {\displaystyle {\ce {(CH3CO2)2CHCH3 -> CH3CO2CHCH2 + CH3CO2H}}}{\displaystyle {\ce {(CH3CO2)2CHCH3 -> CH3CO2CHCH2 + CH3CO2H}}} Polymerization It can be polymerized to give polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) (PVA). With other monomers it can be used to prepare various copolymers such as ethylene-ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) (EVA), ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM)-acrylic acid (VA/AA), polyvinyl chloride acetate (PVCA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (Vp/Va Copolymer, used in hair gels).[8] Due to the instability of the radical, attempts to control the polymerization via most 'living/controlled' radical processes have proved problematic. However, RAFT (or more specifically MADIX) polymerization offers a convenient method of controlling the synthesis of PVA by the addition of a xanthate or a dithiocarbamate chain transfer agent. Other reactions ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) undergoes many of the reactions anticipated for an alkene and an ester. Bromine adds to give the dibromide. Hydrogen halides add to give 1-haloethyl acetates, which cannot be generated by other methods because of the non-availability of the corresponding halo-alcohols. Acetic acid adds in the presence of palladium catalysts to give ethylidene diacetate, CH3CH(OAc)2. It undergoes transesterification with a variety of carboxylic acids.[9] The alkene also undergoes Diels-Alder and 2+2 cycloadditions. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) undergoes transesterification, giving access to vinyl ethers:[10][11] ROH + CH2=CHOAc → ROCH=CH2 + HOAc Toxicity evaluation Tests suggest that ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is of low toxicity. For rats (oral) LD50 is 2920 mg/kg.[3] On January 31, 2009, the Government of Canada's final assessment concluded that exposure to ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is not harmful to human health.[12] This decision under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) was based on new information received during the public comment period, as well as more recent information from the risk assessment conducted by the European Union. It is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) appears as a clear colorless liquid. Flash point 18°F. Density 7.8 lb / gal. Slightly soluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Vapors irritate the eyes and respiratory system. May polymerize if heated or contaminated. If polymerization occurs inside a container, the container may violently rupture. Used to make adhesives, paints, and plastics. At 20 °C, a saturated solution of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) in water contains 2.0-2.4 wt % ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM), whereas a saturated solution of water in ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) contains 0.9-1.0 wt % water; at 50 °C, the solubility of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) in water is 0.1 wt % more than at 20 °C, but the solubility of water in ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) doubles to about 2 wt % The/ fate of inhaled ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) in rabbits /was studied/. ... ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) tended to remain in the body after it was inhaled; 70% of the ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) administered was retained, and an equilibrium was established in the first few min after exposure began. ... No ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) /was found/ in the blood, either during or after its inhalation, which suggested ... that ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is rapidly metabolized when it enters the body through the lungs. Two male Wistar Rats exposed to ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) (stabilized with 0.01% hydroquinone) concentrations varying between 200 and 2000 ppm in closed chambers with an exposure time of 1.4 hr or less demonstrated dose dependent elimination kinetics. The authors concluded that the metabolic pathways became saturated when ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) exposure levels exceeded 650 ppm (2320 mg/cu m). ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) deposition was measured in the isolated upper respiratory tract (URT) of anaesthetized adult male CrlCD:BR rats at exposure concentrations ranging from 73 to 2190 ppm during 1 hr inhalation under unidirectional flow conditions (flow rate 100 mL/min) ... Preliminary experiments showed that approximately 8 min of exposure was required for ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) to achieve a steady state in nasal tissues. After 8 min of equilibration, impinger samples were collected, approximately every 4 min, for up to 40 min and analyzed for ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) and acetaldehyde by gas chromatography ... Acetaldehyde was found in expired air at all ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) exposure concentrations. With increasing the ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) exposure, concentration of acetaldehyde in expired air increased. At ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) exposure of approximately 1000 ppm the concentration of acetaldehyde in the expired air was 277 ppm (499 mg/cu m). Rats were administered oral doses of 14C-ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) (labeled at the vinyl moiety, 1 mL of a 10000 ppm (v/v) aqueous solution, overall dose level 297 mg/kg bw) by gastric intubation. The dosing regimen was 6 times 1 hour apart. During the dosing regime and subsequent 96 hr collection period, a mean of 64.4% of the administered radioactivity was excreted (1.4% in feces, 1.8% in urine and 61.2% in exhaled air). In addition a mean of 5.4% was found in the carcass at 96 hr. The major portion of the urinary radioactivity was excreted within the first 24 hr. Most of the radioactivity eliminated by the expired air was recovered during the 6 hr dosing regime and the first 6 hr after dosing. This portion of radioactivity was recovered from the traps designed for collecting carbon dioxide. The authors of the study suppose, that the unaccounted 30.1% of the dose were most likely lost in the expired air, which escaped from the metabolism cages when the animals were removed for dosing. There was a wide tissue distribution of radioactivity following administration of 14C-ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) by the oral route. One hour after the sixth dose the highest mean concentrations of radioactivity were found in the harderian gland and the submaxillary salivary gland. High levels were also found in the liver, kidney, stomach, ileum, colon and gastrointestinal tract contents. Low concentrations of radioactivity were found in fat. Attempts have been undertaken to determine ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) metabolites in urine and feces. No radiolabeled carbonates or bicarbonates were found in urine or feces. Thin layer chromatography of urine indicated that there was one major radioactive fraction and several minor fractions. Exhaled radioactivity was entirely present as 14C carbon dioxide. Therefore it can be concluded, that 63 % of orally applied 14C ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is excreted as metabolites. On/ hydrolysis /in the blood/, ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) yields acetic acid, a normal body constituent, and vinyl alcohol, which should rapidly tautomerize to yield acetaldehyde, another normal body constituent. The hydrolysis of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) was studied in vitro with rat liver and lung microsomes, rat and human plasma and purified esterases (acetylcholine esterase, butyrylcholine esterase, carboxyl esterase). Characterization of the kinetic parameters revealed that rat liver microsomes and purified carboxyl esterase (from porcine liver) displayed the highest activity. In order to establish the rate of metab of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) in vivo, rats were exposed in closed desiccator jar chambers, and gas uptake kinetics were studied. The decay of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) was dose-dependent, indicating possible satn of metabolic pathway(s). The maximal clearance (at lower concn) of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) from the system (30,000 mL/hr/kg) was similar to the maximal ventilation rate in this species. The exposure of rats to ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) resulted in a transient exhalation of significant amts of acetaldehyde into the closed exposure system. Gas chromatographic analysis of human whole-blood lymphocyte cultures treated for 10 seconds to 20 min with ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) (5.4 mM) revealed a rapid degradation of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) and formation of acetaldehyde. During the 20 min observation period, no degradation of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) or formation of acetaldehyde were observed in complete culture medium without blood, which suggested that the reaction was enzymatic. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) hydrolysis has been studied in vitro in the oral mucosal tissues from the oral cavity of rats and mice. The hydrolysis activity of the oral tissues is at least 100-fold lower than that of the nasal tissues. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model was developed which describes the deposition of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) in the nasal cavity of the rat. This model predicts steady state concentrations of the metabolite acetic acid after continuing 6 hr-exposure in respiratory tissue which are approximately 13 times greater and in olfactory tissue which are approximately 2 times greater than those of acetaldehyde, the second metabolite. As the concentration of acids is indicative for the concentration of protons the model predicts the greatest reduction in intracellular pHi for respiratory mucosa. Hence, pH effects should be more pronounced in this tissue as compared to other tissues. This physiologically based toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic model for rat was modified for the olfactory epithelium of the both human and rat nasal cavity. The change in intracellular pH is predicted to be slightly greater for human olfactory epithelium, than that of rats. To provide validation data for this model, controlled human exposures at exposure levels of 1, 5 and 10 ppm to inhaled ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) were conducted. Air was sampled by a probe inserted into the nasopharyngeal cavity of five volunteers at bi-directional breathing through the nose. Data from ion trap mass spectrometry measurements of labeled ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) and acetaldehyde were compared with data from the human nasal model simulation. For the ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) data a good fit was demonstrated (r = 0.9). The metabolism of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) has been studied in animals ... ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is rapidly hydrolyzed by esterases in the blood to acetate and the unstable intermediate, vinyl alcohol. Vinyl alcohol is rapidly converted to acetaldehyde, which in turn is metabolized to acetate in the liver. This in turn is incorporated into the "2 carbon pool" of normal body metabolism and eventually forms CO2 as the major breakdown product. Therefore, the metabolism of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) results in two acetate molecules that enter the 2 carbon pool. This has been confirmed in excretion studies that have documented 14CO2 in exhaled air as the major metabolite and source of radioactivity recovered following either inhalation or oral exposure to 14C-VA. A very small amount also appears to be excreted in the urine as urea and several other unidentified metabolites. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of administration. Similar results were found in rats exposed to concentrations of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) (200-2,000 ppm) in the air for 1.4 hours or less. The results show that ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is rapidly metabolized by blood esterases and that hepatic monooxygenases have a minor role, if any, in the metabolism of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM). In vitro metabolic studies show that ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) added to preparations of rat liver supernatant did conjugate (although not to a large degree) with glutathione. The reaction is mediated by glutathione S-transferase and further metabolism produces mercapturic acid derivatives that are eliminated in the urine. Rats exposed for 5 hours a day for 6 months to ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) in the air (10, 100, or 500 mg/cu m) showed a significant depletion of free non-protein thiols in the liver but not in a dose-dependent pattern. According to the authors, the thiol depletion indicates that conjugation with glutathione plays an important role in the detoxification of this chemical. Similar results were seen in rats, guinea pigs, and mice given single intraperitoneal doses of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM). The highest decrease (50%) in SH content was seen in guinea pigs following a single intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg/kg ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM). Glutathione conjugation may decrease the toxicity of potentially harmful electrophiles by facilitating excretion into the bile. These studies show that ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) quickly undergoes hydrolysis in the body through several intermediate steps to form the principal end products, carbon dioxide and water. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) exposure, but did show nonlinear kinetic patterns at high concentrations, indicating that the metabolic processes are saturable. In vivo and in vitro tests indicate that ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) may bind to various degrees with glutathione in different species, which may help to detoxify ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) or its metabolites and enhance their elimination. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterases to acetic acid and acetaldehyde which is subsequently oxidized to acetic acid by aldehyde dehydrogenases. Acetate enters the citric cycle in an activated form as acetyl coenzyme A. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) metabolism not only takes place in the liver but also in several tissues. The half-life of /200 uM/ ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) elimination in human whole blood was 4.1 minutes as compared to /less than/ 1 minute in rat whole blood. Acetaldehyde is a metabolite of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) through esterase-mediated metabolism. It is discussed that ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) exhibits its genotoxicity via acetaldehyde. For example /researchers/ demonstrated that ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) induces /DNA protein crosslinking/ via acetaldehyde, and ... chromosomal damage induced by ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) in mammalian cell cultures is through formation of acetaldehyde ... Acetaldehyde is a naturally occurring substance in the metabolic pathways of animals and humans (metabolism of ethanol and sugars). It occurs in small quantities in human blood. Therefore, it may well be that acetaldehyde expresses its genotoxic potential in case of metabolic overload. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) and polyvinyl alcohol. Its chief use is as a monomer for making poly(ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM)) and ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) copolymers, which are used as components in coatings, paints, and sealants, binders (adhesives, nonwovens, construction products, and carpet-backing) and in miscellaneous uses such as chewing gum and tablet coatings. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is also copolymerized as the minor constituent with vinyl chloride and with ethylene to form commercial polymers and with acrylonitrile to form acrylic fibers. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) has been used primarily to produce polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) emulsions and polyvinyl alcohol. The principle use of these emulsions has been in adhesives, paints, textiles, and paper products. PRODUCT PROFILE: ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM): PolyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) accounts for about 48% of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) monomer (VAM) use, with applications including water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings or non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), used in packaging film and glass laminates, accounts for about 35% of demand. The remainder goes into ethylene ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins. PRODUCT PROFILE: ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM): ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) monomer's (VAM) main use is polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) which accounts for about 47% of consumption and has applications in water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings or non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), which is used in packaging film and glass laminates, accounts for about 29% of VAM demand. Remaining volumes go into ethylene ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). EVA and EVOH are finding new uses as copolymers in speciality adhesives and packaging films. CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM): ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) monomer (VAM) is mainly used in polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) which has applications in water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings and non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), used in packaging film and glass laminates, is the second largest consumer. The remaining volumes go into ethylene ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM). PolyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) emulsions and resins, 40%; (this area is divided evenly between paints and adhesives); polyvinyl alcohol, 15%; polyvinyl butyral, 8%; ethylene-ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) resins, 6%; polyvinyl chloride copolymers, 3%; miscellaneous, 1%; exports, 27%. CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM): PolyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) emulsions and resins, 57%; polyvinyl alcohol, 19%; polyvinyl butyral, 10%; ethylene-ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) resins, 8%; ethylene vinyl alcohol, 2%; miscellaneous, including polyvinyl chloride copolymers, 4%. PRODUCT FOCUS: ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) Monomer (VAM): Global Demand: 2003: 4.3 million tonnes. PolyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM), 44%; polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM), 40%; ethylene vinyl alcohol, 12%. PRODUCT FOCUS: ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) Monomer (VAM): Global Demand: 2006: 4.8 million tonnes. PolyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM), 43%; polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM), 42%; ethylene-ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) copolymers, 9%; Other, 6%. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM), acetic anhydride, ethanol, methanol, and formaldehyde were formed in aq extracts of polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) films only in some cases and in insignificant quantities. The difference between pH of aq extracts of polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) films and pH of the control (distilled water) the extracts from unsterilized films are more alk and those from sterilized films are more acidic than the distilled water control. Bromo cmpd were present up to 6.4 mg bromide/L in polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) film extracts and up to 12.3 mg bromide/L in inactivated extracts. The oxidizability of the polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) films was around 324-1310 mg/L and was highly dependent on the time of contact of the films with water. Aq extracts of various films contained 80-360 mg/L polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM). Sterilization by gamma-rays did not lead to substantial changes in hygienic-chem properties of the films. An increase in the irradiation dose up to 0.3 megagray decreased the oxidizability of aq extracts and the polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) content in the films. The quantities of formaldehyde and methanol formed are lower than the accepted quantities of migration of these substances into food products. Thus, polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) has satisfactory properties for medicinal use. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is an industrial chemical that is produced in large amounts in the United States. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity smell. It is very flammable and may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is used to make other industrial chemicals. These chemicals are used mainly to make glues for the packaging and building industries. They are also used to make paints, textiles, and paper. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is also used as a coating in plastic films for food packaging and as a modifier of food starch. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) and polyvinyl alcohol. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure of workers to ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) has resulted in eye irritation and upper respiratory tract irritation. Chronic (long-term) occupational exposure did not result in any severe adverse effects in workers; some instances of upper respiratory tract irritation, cough, and/or hoarseness were reported. Nasal epithelial lesions and irritation and inflammation of the respiratory tract were observed in mice and rats chronically exposed by inhalation. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) in humans. An increased incidence of nasal cavity tumors has been observed in rats exposed by inhalation. In one drinking water study, an increased incidence of tumors was reported in rats. EPA has not classified ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) for carcinogenicity. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) shall be stored at temperatures less than 37.8 °C (100 °F) in well-ventilated areas and kept away from ignition sources such as heat and direct sunlight. No heating apparatus capable of exceeding 80% of the autoignition temperature of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) (427 °C) shall be used in ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) storage areas. The storage of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) in glass containers should not be in the same areas as oxidizing agents or other incompatible chemicals. Containers of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) shall be kept tightly closed when not in use and shall be stored so as to minimize accidental ruptures and spills. Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM). There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM). Overall evaluation: ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). In making the overall evaluation, the working group took into account the following evidence: (1) ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) is rapidly transformed into acetaldehyde in human blood and animal tissues. (2) There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde. Both ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) and acetaldehyde induce nasal cancer in rats after administration by inhalation. (3) ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) and acetaldehyde are genotoxic in human cells in vitro and on animals in vivo. Previous studies from our laboratory suggest that rat liver microsome-activated ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) induces plasmid DNA-histone crosslinks, in vitro, through esterase-mediated metabolism. Since nasal tissues contain high levels of carboxylesterase, tumorigenesis may be related to in situ production of the hydrolysis products acetaldehyde and acetic acid. ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) was cytotoxic to both respiratory and olfactory tissues in vitro at 50-200 mM, but not 25 mM, after 2 hr exposure. Pretreatment of rats with the carboxylesterase inhibitor, bis-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate (BNPP), attenuated the cytotoxic effects and metabolism of ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM) in both tissue types. Semicarbazide, an aldehyde scavenger, was unable to protect the tissues from ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Asetat, VAM)-induced cytotoxicity. When the metabolites were tested, acetic acid, but not acetaldehyde, was cytotoxic to both tissues. To provide validation data for the application of the PBPK model ... in humans, controlled human exposures to inhaled ORP HYDROFLEX 64 (Vinyl Acetate, Vinil Aset
ORP THERMOBOND 65
ORP THERMOBOND 65 ORP Thermobond 65 is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Vinyl Versatate / Acrylic terpolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion on mineral substrates. ORP Thermobond 65 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP Thermobond 65 improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially because of the flexible nature ORP Thermobond 65 performs very well in transverse deformation conditions. TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance White powder Chemical composition VA / VV / Acrylic Terpolymer Stabilizing System PVOH Residual Humidity (%) Max. 2.0 Bulk Density (g/l) 400 - 600 Ash Content (%) 12 ± 2 Alkali Resistance High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water MFFT (°C) 0 ±1 APPLICATION AREAS ORP Thermobond 65 can be used in mortar formulations where good flexibility/elasticity, recovery and thixotropic behavior is required. ETICS (Exterior Thermal Insulation Coating Systems) Plasters: Due to its excellent flexibility and water resistance, ORP Thermobond 65 can be used for manufacturing of cementitious base coats applied on EPS&XPS boards in ETICS. The recommended dosage: 3.0 – 5.0 % Adhesives for EPS&XPS boards in ETICS: The recommended dosages: 1.0 – 2.0 % Tile Adhesives (S1 & S2): The recommended dosages: 3.0 – 7.0 % PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. ORP THERMOBOND 65 is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate / Acrylic copolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of the polymer allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP THERMOBOND 65 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP THERMOBOND 65 improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially in self levelling mortar formulations ORP THERMOBOND 65 provides excellent abrasion resistance, flexural & compressive stength and good leveling. APPLICATION AREAS of ORP THERMOBOND 65 ORP THERMOBOND 65 can be used between 1.5 – 4.0 % in self leveling mortar formulations. This amount of usage provides high abrasion resistance, water resistance, flexural & compressive strength. Also decreases segmentation and efflorescence. PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE of ORP THERMOBOND 65 Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. ORP THERMOBOND 65 has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. ORP THERMOBOND 65 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical / physical composition, ORP THERMOBOND 65 improves adhesion, flexibility, hydrophobicity and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially because of the flexible nature, ORP THERMOBOND 65 performs very well in transverse deformation conditions. APPLICATION AREAS of ORP THERMOBOND 65 ORP THERMOBOND 65 can be used in mortar formulations where highly flexbily/elastic, hydrophobic and water resistant behavior is required at the same time. In high performance of ceramic tile grouts formulations (CG2) ORP THERMOBOND 65 can be used with the ratio of 2.0 - 4.0 % in weight and without requiring an additional hydrophobic agent. Moreover ORP THERMOBOND 65 is a very suitable redispersible powder polymer for cementitious water proofing mortars.It can be used with the ratio of 7.0 - 12.0 % in weight in 1K cementitious water proofing mortar formulations. Because of its molecular structure it provides high crack bridging ability. Also ORP THERMOBOND 65 performs very well in cementitious exterior plasters and topcoats with the amunt of 2.0 - 4.0 %. PRODUCT HANDLING - STORAGE - SHELFLIFE of ORP THERMOBOND 65 Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. It has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. 1.Product identifier Product name ORP THERMOBOND 65 Chemical name and synonym Vinyl Acetate l VeoVa l Acrylic terpolymer 2.Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Intended use Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars The product does not contain substances classified as being hazardous to human health or the environment pursuant to the provisions Regulation (EU) 1272/2008 (CLP) (and subsequent amendments and supplements) in such quantities as to require the statement. ORP THERMOBOND 65 can be released to the environment from industrial sources and biomass combustion(1). Waste gases from scrubbers (generated during the industrial manufacture of ORP THERMOBOND 65 ) may contain trace levels of ORP THERMOBOND 65 (2). An emission factor of 6.22 ug/g ORP THERMOBOND 65 from extruded ethylene-ORP THERMOBOND 65 and ORP THERMOBOND 65 copolymer (28% ORP THERMOBOND 65 ) was determined experimentally at 435 °C under laboratory conditions. All low density polyethylene and ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymers with ORP THERMOBOND 65 emitted >0.01 ug/g ORP THERMOBOND 65 at 435 °C(3). How is it produced? The main production method for ORP THERMOBOND 65 monomer is the reaction of ethylene and acetic acid with oxygen, in the presence of a palladium catalyst. The ORP THERMOBOND 65 is recovered by condensation and scrubbing and is then purified by distillation. A new manufacturing process, dubbed Leap, could offer large capital cost savings as a more efficient fluidised bed system replaces the fixed bed reactors currently in use. The oldest means of manufacturing ORP THERMOBOND 65 is the addition of acetic acid to acetylene and this process is still used but not on a large scale. How is it stored and distributed? ORP THERMOBOND 65 monomer is stored in mild steel storage tanks and/or new or reconditioned steel drums and can be transported by bulk vessels or tank trucks. It has a specific gravity of 0.933 and a flash point of -8° C (closed cup) and is highly flammable. It should therefore be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area that is free from the risk of ignition. For transportation purposes, it is classified as packing group II and hazard class 3 and it is an irritant. What is ORP THERMOBOND 65 Monomer used for? ORP THERMOBOND 65 monomer is mainly used in the production of polyORP THERMOBOND 65 (PVAc) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH or PVA). In fact, 80 % of all the ORP THERMOBOND 65 produced in the world is used to make these two chemicals. PolyORP THERMOBOND 65 is used in paints, adhesives, paper coatings and textile treatments, while polyvinyl alcohol is used in the production of adhesives, coatings, and water soluble packaging, and textile warp sizing. ORP THERMOBOND 65 is also used to make polyvinyl butyral (PVB) which is used in laminated safety glass for cars and buildings. Ethylene-ORP THERMOBOND 65 (EVA) resin is also made from ORP THERMOBOND 65 and is used in the manufacture of packaging film, heavy-duty bags, extrusion coating, wire and cable jacketing, hot-melt adhesives and cross-linked foam. Other products made from ORP THERMOBOND 65 are ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) resins which are used as a gas barrier in multi-layered food and beverage packages, and as a barrier layer in automobile tanks. Production of ORP THERMOBOND 65 The worldwide production capacity of ORP THERMOBOND 65 was estimated at 6,969,000 tonnes/year in 2007, with most capacity concentrated in the United States (1,585,000 all in Texas), China (1,261,000), Japan (725,000) and Taiwan (650,000).[4] The average list price for 2008 was $1600/tonne. Celanese is the largest producer (ca 25% of the worldwide capacity), while other significant producers include China Petrochemical Corporation (7%), Chang Chun Group (6%), and LyondellBasell (5%).[4] It is a key ingredient in furniture glue.[5] Preparation ORP THERMOBOND 65 is the acetate ester of vinyl alcohol. Since vinyl alcohol is highly unstable (with respect to acetaldehyde), the preparation of ORP THERMOBOND 65 is more complex than the synthesis of other acetate esters. The major industrial route involves the reaction of ethylene and acetic acid with oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst.[6] {\displaystyle {\ce {2 C2H4 + 2 CH3CO2H + O2 -> 2 CH3CO2CHCH2 + 2 H2O}}}{\displaystyle {\ce {2 C2H4 + 2 CH3CO2H + O2 -> 2 CH3CO2CHCH2 + 2 H2O}}} The main side reaction is the combustion of organic precursors. Mechanism Isotope labeling and kinetics experiments suggest that the mechanism involves PdCH2CH2OAc-containing intermediates. Beta-hydride elimination would generate ORP THERMOBOND 65 and a palladium hydride, which would be oxidized to give hydroxide. Polymerization It can be polymerized to give polyORP THERMOBOND 65 (PVA). With other monomers it can be used to prepare various copolymers such as ethylene-ORP THERMOBOND 65 (EVA), ORP THERMOBOND 65 -acrylic acid (VA/AA), polyvinyl chloride acetate (PVCA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (Vp/Va Copolymer, used in hair gels).[8] Due to the instability of the radical, attempts to control the polymerization via most 'living/controlled' radical processes have proved problematic. However, RAFT (or more specifically MADIX) polymerization offers a convenient method of controlling the synthesis of PVA by the addition of a xanthate or a dithiocarbamate chain transfer agent. Other reactions ORP THERMOBOND 65 undergoes many of the reactions anticipated for an alkene and an ester. Bromine adds to give the dibromide. Hydrogen halides add to give 1-haloethyl acetates, which cannot be generated by other methods because of the non-availability of the corresponding halo-alcohols. Acetic acid adds in the presence of palladium catalysts to give ethylidene diacetate, CH3CH(OAc)2. It undergoes transesterification with a variety of carboxylic acids.[9] The alkene also undergoes Diels-Alder and 2+2 cycloadditions. ORP THERMOBOND 65 undergoes transesterification, giving access to vinyl ethers: ROH + CH2=CHOAc → ROCH=CH2 + HOAc Toxicity evaluation Tests suggest that ORP THERMOBOND 65 is of low toxicity. For rats (oral) LD50 is 2920 mg/kg.[3] On January 31, 2009, the Government of Canada's final assessment concluded that exposure to ORP THERMOBOND 65 is not harmful to human health.[12] This decision under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) was based on new information received during the public comment period, as well as more recent information from the risk assessment conducted by the European Union. It is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities. ORP THERMOBOND 65 appears as a clear colorless liquid. Flash point 18°F. Density 7.8 lb / gal. Slightly soluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Vapors irritate the eyes and respiratory system. May polymerize if heated or contaminated. If polymerization occurs inside a container, the container may violently rupture. Used to make adhesives, paints, and plastics. At 20 °C, a saturated solution of ORP THERMOBOND 65 in water contains 2.0-2.4 wt % ORP THERMOBOND 65 , whereas a saturated solution of water in ORP THERMOBOND 65 contains 0.9-1.0 wt % water; at 50 °C, the solubility of ORP THERMOBOND 65 in water is 0.1 wt % more than at 20 °C, but the solubility of water in ORP THERMOBOND 65 doubles to about 2 wt % The/ fate of inhaled ORP THERMOBOND 65 in rabbits /was studied/. ... ORP THERMOBOND 65 tended to remain in the body after it was inhaled; 70% of the ORP THERMOBOND 65 administered was retained, and an equilibrium was established in the first few min after exposure began. ... No ORP THERMOBOND 65 /was found/ in the blood, either during or after its inhalation, which suggested ... that ORP THERMOBOND 65 is rapidly metabolized when it enters the body through the lungs. Two male Wistar Rats exposed to ORP THERMOBOND 65 (stabilized with 0.01% hydroquinone) concentrations varying between 200 and 2000 ppm in closed chambers with an exposure time of 1.4 hr or less demonstrated dose dependent elimination kinetics. The authors concluded that the metabolic pathways became saturated when ORP THERMOBOND 65 exposure levels exceeded 650 ppm (2320 mg/cu m). ORP THERMOBOND 65 deposition was measured in the isolated upper respiratory tract (URT) of anaesthetized adult male CrlCD:BR rats at exposure concentrations ranging from 73 to 2190 ppm during 1 hr inhalation under unidirectional flow conditions (flow rate 100 mL/min) ... Preliminary experiments showed that approximately 8 min of exposure was required for ORP THERMOBOND 65 to achieve a steady state in nasal tissues. After 8 min of equilibration, impinger samples were collected, approximately every 4 min, for up to 40 min and analyzed for ORP THERMOBOND 65 and acetaldehyde by gas chromatography ... Acetaldehyde was found in expired air at all ORP THERMOBOND 65 exposure concentrations. With increasing the ORP THERMOBOND 65 exposure, concentration of acetaldehyde in expired air increased. At ORP THERMOBOND 65 exposure of approximately 1000 ppm the concentration of acetaldehyde in the expired air was 277 ppm (499 mg/cu m). Rats were administered oral doses of 14C-ORP THERMOBOND 65 (labeled at the vinyl moiety, 1 mL of a 10000 ppm (v/v) aqueous solution, overall dose level 297 mg/kg bw) by gastric intubation. The dosing regimen was 6 times 1 hour apart. During the dosing regime and subsequent 96 hr collection period, a mean of 64.4% of the administered radioactivity was excreted (1.4% in feces, 1.8% in urine and 61.2% in exhaled air). In addition a mean of 5.4% was found in the carcass at 96 hr. The major portion of the urinary radioactivity was excreted within the first 24 hr. Most of the radioactivity eliminated by the expired air was recovered during the 6 hr dosing regime and the first 6 hr after dosing. This portion of radioactivity was recovered from the traps designed for collecting carbon dioxide. The authors of the study suppose, that the unaccounted 30.1% of the dose were most likely lost in the expired air, which escaped from the metabolism cages when the animals were removed for dosing. There was a wide tissue distribution of radioactivity following administration of 14C-ORP THERMOBOND 65 by the oral route. One hour after the sixth dose the highest mean concentrations of radioactivity were found in the harderian gland and the submaxillary salivary gland. High levels were also found in the liver, kidney, stomach, ileum, colon and gastrointestinal tract contents. Low concentrations of radioactivity were found in fat. Attempts have been undertaken to determine ORP THERMOBOND 65 metabolites in urine and feces. No radiolabeled carbonates or bicarbonates were found in urine or feces. Thin layer chromatography of urine indicated that there was one major radioactive fraction and several minor fractions. Exhaled radioactivity was entirely present as 14C carbon dioxide. Therefore it can be concluded, that 63 % of orally applied 14C ORP THERMOBOND 65 is excreted as metabolites. On/ hydrolysis /in the blood/, ORP THERMOBOND 65 yields acetic acid, a normal body constituent, and vinyl alcohol, which should rapidly tautomerize to yield acetaldehyde, another normal body constituent. The hydrolysis of ORP THERMOBOND 65 was studied in vitro with rat liver and lung microsomes, rat and human plasma and purified esterases (acetylcholine esterase, butyrylcholine esterase, carboxyl esterase). Characterization of the kinetic parameters revealed that rat liver microsomes and purified carboxyl esterase (from porcine liver) displayed the highest activity. In order to establish the rate of metab of ORP THERMOBOND 65 in vivo, rats were exposed in closed desiccator jar chambers, and gas uptake kinetics were studied. The decay of ORP THERMOBOND 65 was dose-dependent, indicating possible satn of metabolic pathway(s). The maximal clearance (at lower concn) of ORP THERMOBOND 65 from the system (30,000 mL/hr/kg) was similar to the maximal ventilation rate in this species. The exposure of rats to ORP THERMOBOND 65 resulted in a transient exhalation of significant amts of acetaldehyde into the closed exposure system. Gas chromatographic analysis of human whole-blood lymphocyte cultures treated for 10 seconds to 20 min with ORP THERMOBOND 65 (5.4 mM) revealed a rapid degradation of ORP THERMOBOND 65 and formation of acetaldehyde. During the 20 min observation period, no degradation of ORP THERMOBOND 65 or formation of acetaldehyde were observed in complete culture medium without blood, which suggested that the reaction was enzymatic. ORP THERMOBOND 65 hydrolysis has been studied in vitro in the oral mucosal tissues from the oral cavity of rats and mice. The hydrolysis activity of the oral tissues is at least 100-fold lower than that of the nasal tissues. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model was developed which describes the deposition of ORP THERMOBOND 65 in the nasal cavity of the rat. This model predicts steady state concentrations of the metabolite acetic acid after continuing 6 hr-exposure in respiratory tissue which are approximately 13 times greater and in olfactory tissue which are approximately 2 times greater than those of acetaldehyde, the second metabolite. As the concentration of acids is indicative for the concentration of protons the model predicts the greatest reduction in intracellular pHi for respiratory mucosa. Hence, pH effects should be more pronounced in this tissue as compared to other tissues. This physiologically based toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic model for rat was modified for the olfactory epithelium of the both human and rat nasal cavity. The change in intracellular pH is predicted to be slightly greater for human olfactory epithelium, than that of rats. To provide validation data for this model, controlled human exposures at exposure levels of 1, 5 and 10 ppm to inhaled ORP THERMOBOND 65 were conducted. Air was sampled by a probe inserted into the nasopharyngeal cavity of five volunteers at bi-directional breathing through the nose. Data from ion trap mass spectrometry measurements of labeled ORP THERMOBOND 65 and acetaldehyde were compared with data from the human nasal model simulation. For the ORP THERMOBOND 65 data a good fit was demonstrated (r = 0.9). The metabolism of ORP THERMOBOND 65 has been studied in animals ... ORP THERMOBOND 65 is rapidly hydrolyzed by esterases in the blood to acetate and the unstable intermediate, vinyl alcohol. Vinyl alcohol is rapidly converted to acetaldehyde, which in turn is metabolized to acetate in the liver. This in turn is incorporated into the "2 carbon pool" of normal body metabolism and eventually forms CO2 as the major breakdown product. Therefore, the metabolism of ORP THERMOBOND 65 results in two acetate molecules that enter the 2 carbon pool. This has been confirmed in excretion studies that have documented 14CO2 in exhaled air as the major metabolite and source of radioactivity recovered following either inhalation or oral exposure to 14C-VA. A very small amount also appears to be excreted in the urine as urea and several other unidentified metabolites. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of administration. Similar results were found in rats exposed to concentrations of ORP THERMOBOND 65 (200-2,000 ppm) in the air for 1.4 hours or less. The results show that ORP THERMOBOND 65 is rapidly metabolized by blood esterases and that hepatic monooxygenases have a minor role, if any, in the metabolism of ORP THERMOBOND 65. In vitro metabolic studies show that ORP THERMOBOND 65 added to preparations of rat liver supernatant did conjugate (although not to a large degree) with glutathione. The reaction is mediated by glutathione S-transferase and further metabolism produces mercapturic acid derivatives that are eliminated in the urine. Rats exposed for 5 hours a day for 6 months to ORP THERMOBOND 65 in the air (10, 100, or 500 mg/cu m) showed a significant depletion of free non-protein thiols in the liver but not in a dose-dependent pattern. According to the authors, the thiol depletion indicates that conjugation with glutathione plays an important role in the detoxification of this chemical. Similar results were seen in rats, guinea pigs, and mice given single intraperitoneal doses of ORP THERMOBOND 65 . The highest decrease (50%) in SH content was seen in guinea pigs following a single intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg/kg ORP THERMOBOND 65 . Glutathione conjugation may decrease the toxicity of potentially harmful electrophiles by facilitating excretion into the bile. These studies show that ORP THERMOBOND 65 quickly undergoes hydrolysis in the body through several intermediate steps to form the principal end products, carbon dioxide and water. The metabolic pattern was not influenced by the route of ORP THERMOBOND 65 exposure, but did show nonlinear kinetic patterns at high concentrations, indicating that the metabolic processes are saturable. In vivo and in vitro tests indicate that ORP THERMOBOND 65 may bind to various degrees with glutathione in different species, which may help to detoxify ORP THERMOBOND 65 or its metabolites and enhance their elimination. ORP THERMOBOND 65 is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterases to acetic acid and acetaldehyde which is subsequently oxidized to acetic acid by aldehyde dehydrogenases. Acetate enters the citric cycle in an activated form as acetyl coenzyme A. ORP THERMOBOND 65 metabolism not only takes place in the liver but also in several tissues. The half-life of /200 uM/ ORP THERMOBOND 65 elimination in human whole blood was 4.1 minutes as compared to /less than/ 1 minute in rat whole blood. Acetaldehyde is a metabolite of ORP THERMOBOND 65 through esterase-mediated metabolism. It is discussed that ORP THERMOBOND 65 exhibits its genotoxicity via acetaldehyde. For example /researchers/ demonstrated that ORP THERMOBOND 65 induces /DNA protein crosslinking/ via acetaldehyde, and ... chromosomal damage induced by ORP THERMOBOND 65 in mammalian cell cultures is through formation of acetaldehyde ... Acetaldehyde is a naturally occurring substance in the metabolic pathways of animals and humans (metabolism of ethanol and sugars). It occurs in small quantities in human blood. Therefore, it may well be that acetaldehyde expresses its genotoxic potential in case of metabolic overload. ORP THERMOBOND 65 is primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyORP THERMOBOND 65 and polyvinyl alcohol. Its chief use is as a monomer for making poly(ORP THERMOBOND 65 ) and ORP THERMOBOND 65 copolymers, which are used as components in coatings, paints, and sealants, binders (adhesives, nonwovens, construction products, and carpet-backing) and in miscellaneous uses such as chewing gum and tablet coatings. ORP THERMOBOND 65 is also copolymerized as the minor constituent with vinyl chloride and with ethylene to form commercial polymers and with acrylonitrile to form acrylic fibers. ORP THERMOBOND 65 has been used primarily to produce polyORP THERMOBOND 65 emulsions and polyvinyl alcohol. The principle use of these emulsions has been in adhesives, paints, textiles, and paper products. PRODUCT PROFILE: ORP THERMOBOND 65 : PolyORP THERMOBOND 65 accounts for about 48% of ORP THERMOBOND 65 monomer (VAM) use, with applications including water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings or non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), used in packaging film and glass laminates, accounts for about 35% of demand. The remainder goes into ethylene ORP THERMOBOND 65 (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins. PRODUCT PROFILE: ORP THERMOBOND 65 : ORP THERMOBOND 65 monomer's (VAM) main use is polyORP THERMOBOND 65 which accounts for about 47% of consumption and has applications in water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings or non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), which is used in packaging film and glass laminates, accounts for about 29% of VAM demand. Remaining volumes go into ethylene ORP THERMOBOND 65 (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). EVA and EVOH are finding new uses as copolymers in speciality adhesives and packaging films. CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP THERMOBOND 65 : ORP THERMOBOND 65 monomer (VAM) is mainly used in polyORP THERMOBOND 65 which has applications in water-based paints, adhesives, acrylic fibres, paper coatings and non-woven binders. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), used in packaging film and glass laminates, is the second largest consumer. The remaining volumes go into ethylene ORP THERMOBOND 65 (EVA) polymers, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier resins and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP THERMOBOND 65 . PolyORP THERMOBOND 65 emulsions and resins, 40%; (this area is divided evenly between paints and adhesives); polyvinyl alcohol, 15%; polyvinyl butyral, 8%; ethylene-ORP THERMOBOND 65 resins, 6%; polyvinyl chloride copolymers, 3%; miscellaneous, 1%; exports, 27%. CHEMICAL PROFILE: ORP THERMOBOND 65 : PolyORP THERMOBOND 65 emulsions and resins, 57%; polyvinyl alcohol, 19%; polyvinyl butyral, 10%; ethylene-ORP THERMOBOND 65 resins, 8%; ethylene vinyl alcohol, 2%; miscellaneous, including polyvinyl chloride copolymers, 4%. PRODUCT FOCUS: ORP THERMOBOND 65 Monomer (VAM): Global Demand: 2003: 4.3 million tonnes. PolyORP THERMOBOND 65 , 44%; polyORP THERMOBOND 65 , 40%; ethylene vinyl alcohol, 12%. ORP THERMOBOND 65 , acetic anhydride, ethanol, methanol, and formaldehyde were formed in aq extracts of polyORP THERMOBOND 65 films only in some cases and in insignificant quantities. The difference between pH of aq extracts of polyORP THERMOBOND 65 films and pH of the control (distilled water) the extracts from unsterilized films are more alk and those from sterilized films are more acidic than the distilled water control. Bromo cmpd were present up to 6.4 mg bromide/L in polyORP THERMOBOND 65 film extracts and up to 12.3 mg bromide/L in inactivated extracts. The oxidizability of the polyORP THERMOBOND 65 films was around 324-1310 mg/L and was highly dependent on the time of contact of the films with water. Aq extracts of various films contained 80-360 mg/L polyORP THERMOBOND 65 . Sterilization by gamma-rays did not lead to substantial changes in hygienic-chem properties of the films. An increase in the irradiation dose up to 0.3 megagray decreased the oxidizability of aq extracts and the polyORP THERMOBOND 65 content in the films. The quantities of formaldehyde and methanol formed are lower than the accepted quantities of migration of these substances into food products. Thus, polyORP THERMOBOND 65 has satisfactory properties for medicinal use. ORP THERMOBOND 65 is an industrial chemical that is produced in large amounts in the United States. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity smell. It is very flammable and may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. ORP THERMOBOND 65 is used to make other industrial chemicals. These chemicals are used mainly to make glues for the packaging and building industries. They are also used to make paints, textiles, and paper. ORP THERMOBOND 65 is also used as a coating in plastic films for food packaging and as a modifier of food starch. ORP THERMOBOND 65 is primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyORP THERMOBOND 65 and polyvinyl alcohol. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure of workers to ORP THERMOBOND 65 has resulted in eye irritation and upper respiratory tract irritation. Chronic (long-term) occupational exposure did not result in any severe adverse effects in workers; some instances of upper respiratory tract irritation, cough, and/or hoarseness were reported. Nasal epithelial lesions and irritation and inflammation of the respiratory tract were observed in mice and rats chronically exposed by inhalation. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of ORP THERMOBOND 65 in humans. An increased incidence of nasal cavity tumors has been observed in rats exposed by inhalation. In one drinking water study, an increased incidence of tumors was reported in rats. EPA has not classified ORP THERMOBOND 65 for carcinogenicity. ORP THERMOBOND 65 shall be stored at temperatures less than 37.8 °C (100 °F) in well-ventilated areas and kept away from ignition sources such as heat and direct sunlight. No heating apparatus capable of exceeding 80% of the autoignition temperature of ORP THERMOBOND 65 (427 °C) shall be used in ORP THERMOBOND 65 storage areas. The storage of ORP THERMOBOND 65 in glass containers should not be in the same areas as oxidizing agents or other incompatible chemicals. Containers of ORP THERMOBOND 65 shall be kept tightly closed when not in use and shall be stored so as to minimize accidental ruptures and spills. Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of ORP THERMOBOND 65 . There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of ORP THERMOBOND 65 . Overall evaluation: ORP THERMOBOND 65 is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). In making the overall evaluation, the working group took into account the following evidence: (1) ORP THERMOBOND 65 is rapidly transformed into acetaldehyde in human blood and animal tissues. (2) There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde. Both ORP THERMOBOND 65 and acetaldehyde induce nasal cancer in rats after administration by inhalation. (3) ORP THERMOBOND 65 and acetaldehyde are genotoxic in human cells in vitro and on animals in vivo. Previous studies from our laboratory suggest that rat liver microsome-activated ORP THERMOBOND 65 induces plasmid DNA-histone crosslinks, in vitro, through esterase-mediated metabolism. Since nasal tissues contain high levels of carboxylesterase, tumorigenesis may be related to in situ production of the hydrolysis products acetaldehyde and acetic acid. ORP THERMOBOND 65 was cytotoxic to both respiratory and olfactory tissues in vitro at 50-200 mM, but not 25 mM, after 2 hr exposure. Pretreatment of rats with the carboxylesterase inhibitor, bis-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate (BNPP), attenuated the cytotoxic effects and metabolism of ORP THERMOBOND 65 in both tissue types. Semicarbazide, an aldehyde scavenger, was unable to protect the tissues from ORP THERMOBOND 65 -induced cytotoxicity. When the metabolites were tested, acetic acid, but not acetaldehyde, was cytotoxic to both tissues. To provide validation data for the application of the PBPK model ... in humans, controlled human exposures to inhaled ORP THERMOBOND 65 were conducted. Air was sampled by a probe inserted into the nasopharyngeal cavity of five volunteers (two women, three men). Volunteers were instructed to inhale and exhale through the nose. Sampling was carried out during exposure to labeled 13C1, 13C2-ORP THERMOBOND 65 during resting and light exercise at three exposure levels (1, 5 and 10 ppm nominally). Both, labeled ORP THERMOBOND 65 and the major metabolite acetaldehyde from the nasopharyngeal region were sampled at a calibrated flow rate of 12 L/hr and analyzed in real time utilizing ion trap mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Measurements were taken every 0.
ORP THERMOBOND 65
ORP Thermobond 65 is a Redispersible Powder for Dry-Mix Mortars INTRODUCTION ORP Thermobond 65 is a redispersible powder produced by drying an emulsion of Vinyl Acetate /Vinyl Versatate / Acrylic terpolymer with PVOH as protective colloid. The specific chemical composition of ORP Thermobond 65 allows coalescence of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and provides good adhesion on mineral substrates. ORP Thermobond 65 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Due to its particular chemical and physical composition, ORP Thermobond 65 improves adhesion, flexibility and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially because of the flexible nature ORP Thermobond 65 performs very well in transverse deformation conditions. TYPICAL PROPERTIES Appearance: White powder Chemical composition: VA / VV / Acrylic Terpolymer Stabilizing System: PVOH Residual Humidity (%): Max. 2.0 Bulk Density (g/l): 400 - 600 Ash Content (%): 12 ± 2 Alkali Resistance: High After 1:1 Dispersion with Water MFFT: 0 ±1 APPLICATION AREAS ORP Thermobond 65 can be used in mortar formulations where good flexibility/elasticity, recovery and thixotropic behavior is required. ETICS (Exterior Thermal Insulation Coating Systems) Plasters: Due to its excellent flexibility and water resistance, ORP Thermobond 65 can be used for manufacturing of cementitious base coats applied on EPS&XPS boards in ETICS. The recommended dosage: 3.0 – 5.0 % Adhesives for EPS&XPS boards in ETICS: The recommended dosages: 1.0 – 2.0 % Tile Adhesives (S1 & S2): The recommended dosages: 3.0 – 7.0 % PRODUCT HANDLING – STORAGE – SHELFLIFE Packaging: Pallet with 18 paper bags, each 25 kg, also 500 or 1000 kg of big bags. Packages must be stored in a dry and cool warehouse. Pallets must not be stacked on top of each other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. Packing must be closed well after usage for protection against humidity and caking. ORP Thermobond 65 has to be used within 6 months after the date of delivery. Today, ATAMAN CHEMICALS supplies the market with polymer emulsions, redispersible powder polymers and specialty additives. Polymer Emulsions Offering a wide array of styrene, vinyl acetate and acrylic chemical compositions, ATAMAN CHEMICALS offers innovative solutions with various polymerization technologies for the cementitious and dispersion based construction chemicals markets. Redispersible Powder Polymers ATAMAN CHEMICALS provides solutions in carbon rich monomer combinations of vinyl versatate and acrylics that highlight properties such as water resistance, saponification resistance and flexibility. Specialty Additives Acrylic associative and non-associative rheology modifiers specifically are designed for fullfilling different application rheology requirements of different markets. Dispersion agents, both ammonia or sodium based salts, are able to work with different dispersing systems and chemistries. Rheology modifiers and dispersion agents are used in both dispersion based and liquid components of 2K Cementitious Systems. Technical Solution Partnership Approach of ATAMAN has dedicated synthesis and application laboratories within Research & Development Center With state of the art equipment, ATAMAN is able to perform all application and analysis tests in accordance with the regional and international standards Customer intimacy and solving customer needs is of utmost importance to ATAMAN; therefore, joint projects and testing for customers at the laboratories are executed with much diligence We distribute the following Organik Kimya products Orgal® Acrylate and styrene acrylate dispersions Orgal® Hydroflex Modified acrylate and styrene acrylate dispersions Orgal® Rooflex Modified acrylate and styrene acrylate dispersions Orgal® Vinyl acetate dispersions ORP® Redispersible dispersion powders ORP® Thermobond Redispersible dispersion powder for ETICS
ORP THERMOBOND 74
Introduction: ORP Thermobond 74 is a redispersible powder obtained by drying an emulsion of a vinyl acetate / acrylic copolymer with PVA as a protective colloid. The special chemical composition of the polymer facilitates the bonding of the redispersed polymer at low temperatures and ensures good adhesion to cementitious substrates. ORP Thermobond 74 is used to modify mixtures containing hydraulic binders. Thanks to its special chemical / physical composition, ORP Thermobond 74 improves the adhesion, elasticity and water resistance of mortars containing hydraulic binders such as cement, gypsum or lime. Especially due to its flexible nature, ORP Thermobond 74 withstands lateral deformation tests very well. Properties: Appearance - White powder Chemical composition - Vinyl acetate / acrylic terpolymer Stabilizing system - PVA Residual moisture (%) - Max. 1.5 Density (g / l) - 400 - 600 Ash residue (%) - 14 ± 2 Alkaline resistance - High After dispersion with water - 1: 1 Minimum film formation temperature (° C ) - 0 Applications: ORP Thermobond 74 can be used in composition of mortars requiring good flexibility / elasticity, deformation resistance and thixotropic behavior. Plasters for external thermal insulation systems: Due to its excellent elasticity and water resistance, ORP Thermobond 74 can be used for the production of cement plaster used for boards of extruded polystyrene foam and expanded polystyrene in the external thermal insulation system. Recommended dosage: 3.0-5.0%. Adhesives for panels made of extruded polystyrene foam and expanded polystyrene in the external thermal insulation system: Recommended dosages: 1.0-2.0%. Tile adhesives (C1 and C2): Recommended dosage: 3.0-7.0% Storage and shelf life: Packaging: 25 kg paper bags. 18 bags per pallet. Big bags of 500 kg. The bags should be stored in a dry and cool warehouse at a temperature of 10 - 25 ° C. It is not advisable to stack the pallets one on top of the other to avoid caking due to the thermoplasticity of the polymer. The packaging should be closed after use to protect it from moisture and caking. The minimum shelf life is 12 months.
ORTHO CHLORO BENZALDEHYDE
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is a chlorinated derivative of benzaldehyde that is used in production of CS gas.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde reacts with malononitrile to form CS.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is a clear colorless to yellowish liquid. (NTP, 1992)

CAS: 89-98-5
MF: C7H5ClO
MW: 140.57
EINECS: 201-956-3

Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde Chemical Properties
Melting point: 9-11 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 209-215 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.248 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 4.84 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 1.27 mm Hg ( 50 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.566(lit.)
Fp: 190 °F
Storage temp.: Store in RT
Solubility: 1.8g/l
Form: Liquid
Color: Clear colorless to light yellow
PH: 2.9 (H2O)(saturated aqueous solution)
Water Solubility: 0.1-0.5 g/100 mL at 24 ºC
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
BRN: 385877
Stability: Stable. Combustible.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, iron, strong reducing agents.
Moisture and light-sensitive.
LogP: 2.44 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 89-98-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde (89-98-5)
EPA Substance Registry System: Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde (89-98-5)

Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is a colorless to yellowish liquid with a penetrating odor.
Insoluble in water, soluble in benzene, alcohol and ether.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is considerably more resistant to oxidation than benzaldehyde.
When Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is heated with sodium sulfite solution under pressure, benzaldehyde-2-sulfonic acid forms.

Uses
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde has been used in generation of small focused library of diversely functionalized dihydropyrimidine derivatives via one-pot three-component Biginelli cyclocondensation of β-ketoesters, aldehydes and thioureas.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde can be used to make alcohols, acids, and dyes; used in the rubber, tanning, and paper industries; used as an intermediate for optical brighteners, agricultural chemicals, and pharmaceuticals.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde can also be used to prepare triphenyl methane and related dyes, organic intermediate.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is used acid zinc plating brightener, also be used for organic synthesis, agricultural pesticide and pharmaceutical industries.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is used to synthesize the acaricides clofentezine and flutenzine.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde undergoes alkynylation with phenylacetylene in the presence of catalytic ligands and dimethylzinc at 0°C to form binaphthyl-derived amino alcohols.

Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is used in manufacturing of electroplating, Dyes and API intermediates.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde can be used as zinc plating brightener.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde can also be used for organic synthesis, agricultural pesticide and pharmaceutical industries.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is a kind of organic synthetic raw material; it can be applied in making of pharmacy and pesticide etc.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde can be used to make Chlorobenzylpenicillin sodium etc., as well as high efficient medical acaricide etc.

Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is an intermediate of the plant growth regulator indyl ester.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is used as intermediate of medicine and dye.
The dead Net of pesticide mites produced by Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde can control the mites on dry crops and fruit trees.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde can be obtained by O-chlorobenzoxime oximation, and O-chlorobenzoxime can be obtained by further chlorination, which are all drug intermediates.

Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde used as dye, pesticide, pharmaceutical intermediate.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde used as dye intermediate, also used in organic synthesis.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde, also known as 2-chlorobenzaldehyde, is the raw material for the synthesis of acaricide tetrarazine, it can also be used for the synthesis of another new acaricide, new species of fluxazine, and can also be used as a pharmaceutical, dye intermediate.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde important pharmaceutical, fuel and pesticide intermediates.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is mainly used in medicine for synthesis of ampicillin (Cloxacillin).
Zinc plating brightener, mainly used in the manufacture of Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde, O-chlorobenzenes chloride and chlorbenzoxazole penicillin sodium and other pharmaceutical raw materials, is also widely used in the manufacture of pesticides on the high-efficiency acaricide, raw materials for dead-clean products of mites.
Preparation of triphenylmethane.

Preparation
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is produced mainly by chlorination of 2-chlorotoluene to form 2-chlorobenzal chloride, which is then subjected to acid hydrolysis.
Metal salts, such as iron(III) chloride, are used as catalysts.
The hydrolysis can also be accomplished using formic acid without a catalyst.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde can also be produced by oxidation of 2-chlorobenzyl chloride with N-oxides of tertiary amines or with dilute nitric acid.

Production Methods
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde has the following 3 synthetic methods.

(1) Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde chlorination, hydrolysis method from O-chlorotoluene by chlorination, hydrolysis and.
(1) chlorination O-chlorotoluene, phosphorus trichloride and thionyl chloride are heated to 150 ° C., and chlorine gas is passed to a theoretical amount under ultraviolet irradiation to obtain O-chlorobenzylidene dichloride.

(2) ice solution the mixture of O-chlorobenzylidene dichloride and zinc chloride is heated at 120~130 ℃, and 1% ferric chloride aqueous solution is added dropwise with stirring, then heated and refluxed with water, the separated oil layer is refined O-chlorobenzaldehyde.
In addition, the hydrolysis may also be performed in the presence of sulfuric acid.
Stir O-chlorobenzylidene dichloride and industrial concentrated sulfuric acid together, and slowly heat for 12h to keep the temperature at 30~40 ℃ until the temperature is automatically lowered and the evolution of hydrogen chloride is slowed down, after stratification with cold water, the oily matter is separated, washed and distilled by steam to obtain the finished product.

(2) O-chlorotoluene chlorination, oxidation of O-chlorotoluene in the methyl chloride after nitric acid oxidation.
To a 3.0 ML Photo-reactor equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer, a chlorine gas blowing tube, a reflux condenser and a high-pressure mercury lamp illumination device, 380g (130 mol) of O-chlorotoluene was added and heated to ° C, under the light, the chlorine gas was blown into 1.5G/h (3.6 mol/h), and the time was h.
A total of 5.4mol chlorine gas was introduced.
After completion of the reaction, dry nitrogen was introduced into the reaction solution to drive out hydrogen chloride and chlorine gas to obtain a total of 558g of reaction solution, Among them, O-chlorotoluene 0.5%(mol), O-chlorobenzyl chloride 28%, O-chloro dichlorotoluene 67%, O-chloro trichlorotoluene 3%, O-chloro-chlorotoluene the average degree of chlorination is 1.8.
To a 2 L three-necked flask with thermometer, stirrer and reflux condenser, add 64.7g(0.343mol), 3%(mass fraction) of the above chlorinated mixture of O-chlorotoluene.
1440g of nitric acid and 2.0g of vanadium pentoxide were heated under reflux for 6h with stirring.
After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled, 200ml of toluene was added, the oil phase was separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted twice by adding 100ml of toluene.
The oil phase and the extract were combined, toluene was distilled off, and the residue was distilled to obtain 36g of O-chlorobenzaldehyde from the 107~110 ℃(4.0kPa) fraction, with a yield of 73.5% based on O-chlorotoluene.

(3) O-chloro-dichlorotoluene was prepared by Catalytic Hydrolysis of O-chloro-dichlorotoluene.
Preparation example 1 0.034g of zinc oxide (1mol of raw material, 0.00084mol) was added to 97.7g of O-chlorotoluene, heated to 110 °c with stirring, and then 9.45ml of water was added slowly, the reaction was carried out at 110-120 ℃ for 1.9h.
After analysis and confirmation that the raw material O-chloro-dichlorotoluene completely disappeared, vacuum distillation was carried out under a nitrogen stream to collect a fraction at 97.1-98.3 ° C. (2.8kPa) to obtain 68.6g of O-chlorobenzaldehyde, with a yield of 97.6% and a content of 99.8%.
Preparation example 2 O-chloro dichlorotoluene 0.3g/min and water vapor 3g/min were added dropwise to the reactor, and 110 of water was added to the reactor in advance, and the water temperature was °c.

The resulting mixture of O-chloro-dichlorotoluene and water vapor was passed through a reaction tube layer of 50g of 5-10 mesh trialumina which had been heated to 118 ° C., and the resulting gas was cooled to obtain a suspension, which was extracted with diethyl ether and dried, the ether was distilled off and distilled under reduced pressure under a nitrogen stream to collect fractions at 96-98 ° C.
(2.93kPa) to obtain 68.8g of O-chlorobenzaldehyde, with a yield of 95.7% and a content of 97.8%.
The Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde side chain by chlorine and phosphorus trichloride chlorination process, Catalytic Hydrolysis, distillation refined.
The preparation method is to use benzaldehyde as a raw material, add a small amount of aluminum trichloride in the solvent dichloroethane as a catalyst for chlorination, and the reaction temperature is 25-30 ° C.
To obtain the product.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde can also be prepared by chlorination and hydrolysis of M-chlorotoluene.

Reactivity Profile
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde reacts with iron and strong oxidizers, strong bases and strong reducing agents.

Health Hazard
Symptoms of exposure to Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde may include skin, eye and upper respiratory tract irritation.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde may cause skin, eye and respiratory tract irritation.
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes.
Ortho Chloro benzaldehyde is combustible.

Synonyms
2-Chlorobenzaldehyde
89-98-5
O-CHLOROBENZALDEHYDE
Chlorobenzaldehyde
Benzaldehyde, 2-chloro-
Benzaldehyde, o-chloro-
2-Chlorbenzaldehyd
2-Clorobenzaldeide
o-Chloorbenzaldehyde
2-chloro-benzaldehyde
USAF M-7
2-Chloorbenzaldehyde
o-Chlorobenzenecarboxaldehyde
2-chloro benzaldehyde
BENZALDEHYDE,CHLORO-
NSC 15347
35913-09-8
MFCD00003304
QHR24X1LXK
DTXSID5024764
NSC-15347
2-Chlorbenzaldehyd [German]
o-Chloorbenzaldehyde [Dutch]
2-Chloorbenzaldehyde [Dutch]
2-Clorobenzaldeide [Italian]
CCRIS 5991
Benzaldehyde, chloro-
HSDB 2727
EINECS 201-956-3
UNII-QHR24X1LXK
chlorotoluon
AI3-04254
o-chlorobezaldehyde
2-chlorobezaldehyde
6-chlorobenzaldehyde
o-Chloroformylbenzene
o-chloro benzaldehyde
orthochlorobenzaldehyde
2- chlorobenzaldehyde
2-chlorobenzenaldehyde
NSC 174140
(2-chloro)benzaldehye
ortho-chlorobenzaldehyde
(2-chloro)benzaldehyde
(2-chloro) benzaldehyde
WLN: VHR BG
EC 201-956-3
2-Chlorobenzaldehyde, 99%
SCHEMBL97422
MLS001056242
CHLOROBENZALDEHYDE, O-
DTXCID204764
CHEMBL1547989
AMY39073
NSC15347
STR00143
Tox21_200373
STL146016
AKOS000119188
CS-W003973
CAS-89-98-5
NCGC00091218-01
NCGC00091218-02
NCGC00257927-01
SMR001216556
DS-006490
FT-0611908
FT-0611909
FT-0658390
EN300-19123
D77644
Q2195231
W-100351
2-Chlorobenzaldehyde, purum, dist., >=98.0% (GC)
F2190-0599
Z104472866
ORTHO CHLORO BENZALDEHYDE
o-Chlorobenzenecarboxyaldehyde; OCAD; 2-Chlorobenzene Carbonal; o-Chloorbenzaldehyde; 2-Chloorbenzaldehyde; 2-chlorbenzaldehyd; o-Chlorobenzaldehyde; 2-clorobenzaldeide; 2-Clorobenzaldehído; 2-Chlorobenzaldéhyde CAS:89-98-5
ORTHO PHENYL PHENOL
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a broad spectrum fungicide used to protect crops in storage.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is highly soluble in water, moderately voatile but is not expected to be persistent in the environment.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is more selective than other free phenols but does produce phytotoxic effects.

CAS: 90-43-7
MF: C12H10O
MW: 170.21
EINECS: 201-993-5

Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is generally used as a post-harvest fungicide for citrus fruits.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol has a role as an environmental food contaminant and an antifungal agrochemical.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol derives from a hydride of a biphenyl.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol, or o-phenylphenol, is an organic compound.
In terms of structure, Ortho Phenyl Phenol is one of the monohydroxylated isomers of biphenyl.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a white solid.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a biocide used as a preservative with E number E231 and under the trade names Dowicide, Torsite, Fungal, Preventol, Nipacide and many others.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a broad spectrum fungicide used to protect crops in storage.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is highly soluble in water, moderately voatile but is not expected to be persistent in the environment.

Ortho Phenyl Phenol has a moderate to low toxicity to biodiversity.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol has a low oral mammalian toxicity, is carcinogenic, a neurotoxin and recognised irritant.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol, or o-phenylphenol, is an organic compound that consists of two linked benzene rings and a phenolic hydroxyl group.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a white or buff-colored, flaky crystalline solid with a melting point of about 57 °C.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a biocide used as a preservative under the trade names Dowicide, Torsite, Preventol, Nipacide and many others.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol or 2-Phenyl Phenol is a widely used chemical in the industrial sector that is known for its antimicrobial properties.

Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a phenolic compound produced through the condensation of phenol and formaldehyde and is commonly used as a preservative in a variety of applications, including wood preservation, cosmetics and personal care products, textiles, paints and coatings, adhesives, and agricultural products.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is effective at preventing the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms, making it a popular choice for companies looking to ensure the safety and quality of their products.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a very widely used organic chemical products, widely used in sterilization, printing and Dyeing auxiliaries and surfactants, synthetic new plastics, resin and polymer materials, stabilizers and flame retardants and other fields.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol and its sodium salt has a broad spectrum of sterilization in addition to mildew, and low toxicity and tasteless, is a good preservative, can be used for fruit and vegetable mold preservation, especially for citrus mold, can also be used for the treatment of lemon, pineapple, pear, peach, tomato, cucumber, etc., can reduce the decay to a minimum.

Ortho Phenyl Phenol Chemical Properties
Melting point: 57-59 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 282 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.21
Vapor pressure: 7 mm Hg ( 140 °C)
Refractive index: 1.6188 (estimate)
FEMA: 3959 | 2-PHENYLPHENOL
Fp: 255 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: Soluble in ethanol, acetone, benzene,sodium hydroxide, chloroform, acetonitrile, toluene, hexane, ligroin, ethyl ether, pyridine, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, glycol ethers and polyglycols.
Form: Crystalline Flakes
pka: 10.01(at 25℃)
Color: White
Odor: nearly wh. or lt. buff crystals, mild char. sweetish odor
PH: 7 (0.1g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Explosive limit: 1.4-9.5%(V)
Water Solubility: 0.7 g/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,7304
JECFA Number: 735
BRN: 606907
Stability: Stable. Combustible.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, halogens.
InChIKey: LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 3.18 at 22.5℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 90-43-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: o-Hydroxybiphenyl(90-43-7)
IARC: 3 (Vol. 73) 1999
EPA Substance Registry System: Ortho Phenyl Phenol (90-43-7)

Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a white to buff-colored crystalline solid with a distinct odor.
When heated to decomposition, Ortho Phenyl Phenol emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

Uses
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a agriculture fungicide and is no longer used as a food additive.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is remarkably versatile organic chemical products, widely used antiseptic, auxiliaries and surfactant synthesis of new plastics, resins and polymer materials in areas such as stabilizers and flame retardants.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is used for the post-harvest control of storage diseases of apples, citrus fruit, stone fruit, tomatoes, cucumbers and other vegetables.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is also used for the protection of textiles and timber and as a fungistat in water-soluble paints.

The primary use of Ortho Phenyl Phenol is as an agricultural fungicide.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is generally applied post-harvest.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a fungicide used for waxing citrus fruits.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is no longer a permitted food additive in the European Union, but is still allowed as a post-harvest treatment in 4 EU countries.

Ortho Phenyl Phenol is also used for disinfection of seed boxes.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a general surface disinfectant, used in households, hospitals, nursing homes, farms, laundries, barber shops, and food processing plants.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol can be used on fibers and other materials.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is used to disinfect hospital and veterinary equipment.
Other uses are in rubber industry and as a laboratory reagent.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is also used in the manufacture of other fungicides, dye stuffs, resins and rubber chemicals.

Ortho Phenyl Phenol is found in low concentrations in some household products such as spray disinfectants and aerosol or spray underarm deodorants.
The sodium salt of Ortho Phenyl Phenol, sodium orthophenyl phenol, is a preservative, used to treat the surface of citrus fruits.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is also used as a fungicide in food packaging and may migrate into the contents.
The primary use of 2-phenylphenol is as an agricultural fungicide.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is generally applied post-harvest.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a fungicide used for waxing citrus fruits.
As a food additive, Ortho Phenyl Phenol has E number E231.

Ortho Phenyl Phenol is also used for disinfection of seed boxes.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is a general surface disinfectant, used in households, hospitals, nursing homes, farms, laundries, barber shops, and food processing plants.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol can be used on fibers and other materials.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is used to sterilize hospital and veterinary equipment.
Other uses are in rubber industry and as a laboratory reagent.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is also used in the manufacture of other fungicides, dye stuffs, resins and rubber chemicals.

Ortho Phenyl Phenol is found in low concentrations in some household products such as spray disinfectants and aerosol or spray underarm deodorants.
Eye contact can cause severe irritation and burns with possible eye damage.
For some individuals, Ortho Phenyl Phenol can also irritate the skin.
The sodium salt of Ortho Phenyl Phenol, sodium orthophenyl phenol, is a preservative, used to treat the surface of citrus fruits to prolong shelf life.
As a food additive, it has the E number E232.

Wood preservation: Ortho Phenyl Phenol is commonly used to protect wooden structures such as bridges, poles, and buildings from decay caused by fungi and insects.
Cosmetics and personal care products: Ortho Phenyl Phenol is used as a preservative in creams, lotions, shampoos, and other similar products to help keep them fresh and free of harmful microorganisms.
Textiles: Ortho Phenyl Phenol is used in the textile industry to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi on fabric.
Paints and coatings: Ortho Phenyl Phenol is added to paint and coatings to prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria on surfaces.

Adhesives: Ortho Phenyl Phenol is used as a preservative in adhesives to prevent the growth of microorganisms and to maintain their effectiveness over time.
Agricultural products: Ortho Phenyl Phenol is used in agricultural products such as pesticides and herbicides to prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria.
Food preservation: Ortho Phenyl Phenol is used as a preservative in some food products, such as fruit juices and syrups, to prevent the growth of microorganisms.
However, please note that the use of Ortho Phenyl phenol in food products may be regulated by local laws and regulations, and it should only be used as directed.
Pharmaceuticals: OPP can be used as a preservative in topical medications or creams as well.

Ortho Phenyl Phenol is used as a carrier, surfactant, antiseptic and dye intermediate for hydrophobic synthetic fibers such as chlorinated polyamide and polyester.
In Japan, 2-hydroxybiphenyl and its sodium salt are used for the fungicide of citrus.
In the wax mixed with 0.8% of the goods, the use of spray method in the citrus after harvest, can also be used with biphenyl, rot blue to a minimum.
The range of fruits allowed to be used in the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada.

Ortho Phenyl Phenol use of O-Phenylphenol at high concentrations is suitable for inhibiting fungal growth (Fungistatic effect) or even for killing fungi (fungicidal effect).
CN200580026288 discloses the use of Ortho Phenyl Phenol and/or its derivatives for inhibiting asexual propagation of fungi, and also relates to filter media, adhesives, building materials, building accessories, fabrics, fur, paper, leather or leather products, as well as detergents, detergents, rinses, hand washes, hand dishwashing agents, automatic dishwashing agents, and for finishing building materials, building accessories, fabrics, fur, paper, reagents for leather or leather products, etc.

Preparation
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is prepared by condensation of cyclohexanone to give cyclohexenylcyclohexanone.
The latter undergoes dehydrogenation to give Ortho Phenyl Phenol.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol can be recovered from the distillation residue of the process of phenol production via sulfonation.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol distillation residue contains about 40% of phenyl phenol with the other components including phenol, inorganic salts, water and so on.
After vacuum distillation, the mixed phenyl phenol fraction is separated out with the vacuum being 53.3-66.7kPa.
The temperature, started to be cut at 65-75 ℃ to until 100 ℃ above, but should not higher than 1345 ℃.
Then take advantage of the solubility difference of ortho, p-hydroxy biphenyl in the trichlorethylene, the two are separated into pure product.
The mixed material (mainly 2-hydroxy biphenyl and 4-hydroxy biphenyl) is heated to be dissolved in the trichlorethylene, after cooling, first precipitate out 4-hydroxy biphenyl crystal.

After centrifuge filtration, dry to obtain 4-hydroxy biphenyl.
The mother liquor was washed with a sodium carbonate solution, followed by dilute alkaline to make the 2-hydroxybiphenyl salt.
After standing stratification, take the upper 2-hydroxybiphenyl sodium salt for dehydration under reduced pressure, namely, sodium salt products.
The 2-hydroxybiphenylsodium salt is white to light red powder, being easily soluble in water with the solubility in 100g of water being 122g.
The pH value of the 2% aqueous solution is 11.1-12.2.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is also easily soluble in acetone, methanol, soluble in glycerol, but insoluble in oil.
The sodium salt of 2-hydroxy biphenyl, after acidification, can lead to the formation of 2-hydroxy biphenyl with both of them being food additives.

Reactivity Profile
Ortho Phenyl Phenol react as a weak organic acid.
Exothermically neutralizes bases.
May react with strong reducing substances such as hydrides, nitrides, alkali metals, and sulfides to generate flammable gas (H2) and the heat of the reaction may ignite the gas.
Is sulfonated very readily (for example, by concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature) in exothermic reactions.
May be nitrated very rapidly.
Nitrated phenols often explode when heated and also form metal salts that tend toward detonation by rather mild shock.
Can react with oxidizing agents.

Carcinogenicity
IARC classified SOPP as a B2 carcinogen in 1983, based on reports from Japan that high dietary levels of this sodium salt caused bladder tumors in male rats.
Both sodium saccharin and sodium cyclamate also cause bladder tumors at high doses in male rats, but classification of these food additives as B2 carcinogens was recently rescinded by IARC at a meeting in 1998.
The U.S. National Toxicology Program conducted a skin painting study with OPP in groups of 50 mice per sex.
The Ortho Phenyl Phenol was applied as an acetone solution on 3 days per week for 2 years, both alone and as a promoter with DMBA.
No skin neoplasms were observed in either sex treated with OPP alone, and there were no tumor enhancing or inhibiting effects when Ortho Phenyl Phenol and DMBA were given in combination.

Metabolic pathway
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is not used on growing plants because it is too phytotoxic and there appears to be no information published on its metabolism in plants.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol's widespread use as a preservative, disinfectant and fungistat on stored food (either by direct application or impregnated in packaging) requires studies on its environmental fate and metabolism in mammals.
Several studies in mammals are available and the compound has been the subject of an evaluation by the UK MAFF Pesticide Safety Directorate (PSD); the results have been published (PSD, 1993).

This evaluation was prompted by the discovery of bladder tumours in rats treated with high doses of the compound.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol is also used as the sodium and potassium salts where water solublity is important.
No information is available specifically on the latter.
The metabolism of the free phenol and the sodium salt have been studied separately.
Once absorbed into a cell, provided that internal pH control is maintained, the two forms should be indistinguishable.

Toxicity evaluation
Ortho Phenyl Phenol has a moderate to low toxicity to biodiversity.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol has a low oral mammalian toxicity, is carcinogenic, a neurotoxin and recognised irritant.
Ortho Phenyl Phenol and its sodium salt have a low acute toxicity in mammals when administered orally, with LD50 values ranging from 600 to 3500 mg/kg of body weight.

Synonyms
2-Phenylphenol
2-Hydroxybiphenyl
90-43-7
O-PHENYLPHENOL
Biphenyl-2-ol
2-Biphenylol
o-Hydroxybiphenyl
2-Hydroxydiphenyl
o-Hydroxydiphenyl
o-Phenyl phenol
Phenylphenol
Biphenylol
Orthophenylphenol
Orthoxenol
o-Diphenylol
[1,1'-Biphenyl]-2-ol
Dowicide 1
Torsite
o-Xenol
o-Biphenylol
Preventol O extra
Orthohydroxydiphenyl
Nectryl
(1,1'-Biphenyl)-2-ol
Tumescal OPE
ortho-Phenylphenol
Remol TRF
Phenol, o-phenyl-
Tetrosin oe
1-Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene
2-Fenylfenol
2-Hydroxybifenyl
o-Xonal
2-Phenyl phenol
Biphenyl, 2-hydroxy-
Invalon OP
Anthrapole 73
2-hydroxy biphenyl
Usaf ek-2219
1,1'-Biphenyl-2-ol
Dowicide
Kiwi lustr 277
Hydroxdiphenyl
(1,1-Biphenyl)-2-ol
o-phenylphenate
o-Phenylphenol, cosmetic grade
Phenyl-2 phenol
Dowicide 1 antimicrobial
Orthophenyl phenol
ortho-phenylphenate
orthohydroxydipbenyl
Biphenyl-2-o1
NCI-C50351
Hydroxybiphenyl
2-Fenylfenol [Czech]
Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene
Caswell No. 623AA
C12H10O
2-Hydroxybifenyl [Czech]
Nipacide OPP
NSC 1548
2-Hydroxy-1,1'-biphenyl
OPP [pesticide]
Tumescal 0PE
2-Phenylphenol [BSI:ISO]
2-Phenylphenol-d5
CCRIS 1388
Phenyl-2 phenol [ISO-French]
HSDB 1753
EINECS 201-993-5
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 064103
BRN 0606907
UNII-D343Z75HT8
AI3-00062
CHEMBL108829
DTXSID2021151
CHEBI:17043
D343Z75HT8
NSC-1548
E231
EC 201-993-5
4-06-00-04579 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID201151
Lyorthol
CAS-90-43-7
sodium o-phenylphenoate
sodium ortho-phenylphenol
Stellisept
Rotoline
Xenol
o-phenyl-phenol
2-phenyl-phenol
Tetrosin OE-N
Phenylphenol, 2-
Biphenyl- 2- ol
Amocid (TN)
MFCD00002208
Preventol 3041
ORTOFENILFENOL
Phenol, 2-phenyl-
2-Phenylphenol [C]
Phenylphenol (ortho-)
2-Phenylphenol, 99%
OPP?
PHENYLPHENOL, O-
Hydroxy-2-ph enylbenzene
WLN: QR BR
ORTHO PHENYL PHENOL
[1,1'-bifenil]-2-ol
O-PHENYLPHENOL [MI]
2-Phenylphenol, BSI, ISO
SCHEMBL29811
MLS002415765
2-PHENYLPHENOL [ISO]
BIDD:ER0664
O-PHENYLPHENOL [INCI]
[1,1''-biphenyl]-2-ol
2-PHENYLPHENOL [FHFI]
2-PHENYLPHENOL [HSDB]
FEMA 3959
2-Phenylphenol, >=99%, FG
NSC1548
ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL [IARC]
ORTHOPHENYLPHENOL [MART.]
ORTHOPHENYLPHENOL [WHO-DD]
AMY40390
STR07240
EINECS 262-974-5
Tox21_202415
Tox21_300674
BDBM50308551
ORTHOPHENYL PHENOL (E 231)
STK177354
AKOS000118750
LS-1912
PS-8698
NCGC00091595-01
NCGC00091595-02
NCGC00091595-03
NCGC00091595-04
NCGC00091595-05
NCGC00091595-06
NCGC00254582-01
NCGC00259964-01
2-Phenylphenol 100 microg/mL in Acetone
AC-10362
SMR000778031
2-Phenylphenol 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane
2-Phenylphenol 1000 microg/mL in Acetone
2-Phenylphenol 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
BB 0223993
FT-0654846
P0200
1,1'-BIPHENYL-2-OL; 2-PHENYLPHENOL
EN300-19380
C02499
D08367
E79453
2-Phenylphenol, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard
Q209467
SR-01000944520
SR-01000944520-1
W-100332
F0001-2206
Z104473674
61788-42-9
CH9
ORTHO PHTHALALDEHYDE
Ortho Phthalaldehyde Phthalaldehyde (sometimes also o-phthalaldehyde or ortho-phthalaldehyde, Ortho phthalaldehyde) is the chemical compound with the formula C6H4(CHO)2. It is one of three isomers of benzene dicarbaldehyde, related to phthalic acid. This pale yellow solid is a building block in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds and a reagent in the analysis of amino acids. Ortho phthalaldehyde dissolves in water solution at pH < 11.5. Its solutions degrade upon UV illumination and exposure to air. Ortho phthalaldehyde: a possible alternative to glutaraldehyde for high level disinfection Ortho phthalaldehyde (OPA) was tested against a range of organisms including glutaraldehyde-resistant mycobacteria, Bacillus subtilis spores and coat-defective spores. Glutaraldehyde (GTA) and peracetic acid (PAA) were tested for comparative purposes. Both suspension and carrier tests were performed using a range of concentrations and exposure times. All three biocides were very effective (> or = 5 log reduction) against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in suspension tests. Ortho phthalaldehyde and GTA (PAA was not tested) were also very effective against Staph. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa in carrier tests. Ortho phthalaldehyde showed good activity against the mycobacteria tested including the two GTA-resistant strains, but 0.5% w/v Ortho phthalaldehyde was found not to be sporicidal. However, limited activity was found with higher concentrations and pH values. Coat-defective spores were more susceptible to Ortho phthalaldehyde, suggesting that the coat may be responsible for this resistance. The findings of this study suggest that Ortho phthalaldehyde is effective against GTA-resistant mycobacteria and that it is a viable alternative to GTA for high level disinfection. USES of Ortho Phthalaldehyde A reagent that forms fluorescent conjugation products with primary amines. It is used for the detection of many biogenic amines, peptides, and proteins in nanogram quantities in body fluids. Synthesis and reactions The compound was first described in 1887 when it was prepared from α,α,α’,α’-tetrachloro-ortho-xylene.[4] A more modern synthesis is similar: the hydrolysis of the related tetrabromo-o-xylene using potassium oxalate, followed by purification by steam distillation.[2] The reactivity of Ortho phthalaldehyde is complicated by the fact that in water it forms both a mono- and dihydrate, C6H4(CHO)(CH(OH)2) and C6H4(CH(OH))2O, respectively. Its reactions with nucleophiles often involves the reaction of both carbonyl groups.[5] Orthophthalaldehyde and hydrated forms 001.png Biochemistry Ortho phthalaldehyde is used in a very sensitive fluorescent reagent for assaying amines or sulfhydryls in solution, notably contained in proteins, peptides, and amino acids, by capillary electrophoresis and chromatography. Ortho phthalaldehyde reacts specifically with primary amines above their isoelectric point Pi in presence of thiols. Ortho phthalaldehyde reacts also with thiols in presence of an amine such as n-propylamine or 2-aminoethanol. The method is spectrometric (fluorescent emission at 436-475 nm (max 455 nm) with excitation at 330-390 nm (max. 340 nm)).[6] Disinfection Ortho phthalaldehyde is commonly used as a high-level disinfectant for medical instruments, commonly sold under the brand names of Cidex Ortho phthalaldehyde or TD-8. Disinfection with Ortho phthalaldehyde is indicated for semi-critical instruments that come into contact with mucous membranes or broken skin, such as specula, laryngeal mirrors, and internal ultrasound probes. Poly(phthalaldehyde) Ortho phthalaldehyde can be polymerized. In the polymer, one of the oxygen atoms forms a bridge to the other non-ring carbon of the same phthalaldehyde unit, while the other bridges to a non-ring carbon of another phthalaldehyde unit. Poly(phthalaldehyde) is used in making a photoresist. In winemaking The Nitrogen by O-Phthaldialdehyde Assay (NOrtho phthalaldehyde) is one of the methods used in winemaking to measure yeast assimilable nitrogen (or YAN) needed by wine yeast in order to successfully complete fermentation.[9] Isomeric phthalaldehydes Related to phthalaldehyde are: isophthalaldehyde (benzene-1,3-dicarbaldehyde; m.p. 87–88 °C, CAS# 626-19-7) terephthalaldehyde (benzene-1,4-dicarbaldehyde; m.p. 114–116 °C, CAS# 623-27-8) Properties Chemical formula C8H6O2 Molar mass 134.134 g·mol−1 Appearance Yellow solid Density 1.19 g/mL Melting point 55.5 to 56 °C (131.9 to 132.8 °F; 328.6 to 329.1 K)[2] Boiling point 266.1 °C (511.0 °F; 539.2 K) Solubility in water Low Ortho Phthalaldehyde is a known environmental transformation product of Dithianon. Ortho phthalaldehyde is mainly used as a high-level disinfectant (a low-temperature chemical method) for heat-sensitive medical and dental equipment such as endoscopes and thermometers; in recent years, it has gained popularity as a safe and better alternative to glutaraldehyde. There are some researches show, pH7.5 contains the sterilizing agent of Ortho phthalaldehyde 0.5%, and its sterilizing power, sterilization speed, stability and toxicity all are better than glutaraldehyde, can kill mycobacterium in the 5min, the bacterium number reduces by 5 logarithmic value, and Ortho phthalaldehyde is very stable, tasteless in pH3~9 scopes, non-stimulated to human nose, eye mucosa, and need not activate before using, various materials are had good consistency, have tangible microbiocidal activity. USES of Ortho phthalaldehyde Ortho phthalaldehyde can be widely used for precolumn derivatization of amino acids in HPLC separation or Capillary electrophoresis. For flow cytometric measurements of protein thiol groups. Uses Ortho phthalaldehyde can be used for precolumn derivatization of amino acids for HPLC separation and for flow cytometric measurements of protein thiol groups. Uses Precolumn derivatization reagent for primary amines and amino acids. The fluorescent derivative can be detected by reverse-phase HPLC. The reaction requires OPA, primary amine and a sulfhydryl. In the presence of excess sulfhydryl, amines can be quantitated. In the presence of excess amine, sulfhydryls can be quantitated. Uses Disinfectant. Reagent in fluorometric determination of primary amines and thiols. Preparation Ortho phthalaldehyde is a high-level chemical disinfectant that is commonly used for disinfection of dental and medical instruments as an alternative to glutaraldehyde, which is a known skin and respiratory sensitizer. A variety of processes for manufacturing Ortho phthalaldehyde have been reported in the literature. Ortho phthalaldehyde is produced by heating pure benzaldehyde and chloroform with potassium hydroxide solution. The resulting solution is further acidified with hydrochloric acid and cooled to yield a colorless powder of Ortho phthalaldehyde. It is also produced by ozonization of naphthalene in alcohol followed by catalytic hydrogenation. Catalytic oxidation of various chemicals is also used in manufacturing Ortho phthalaldehyde. Ortho phthalaldehyde can be manufactured by oxidation of phthalan by nitrogen monoxide in acetonitrile with N-hydroxyphthalimide as the catalyst to yield 80% to 90%. Ortho phthalaldehyde is a pale, yellow crystal or colorless powder. It is soluble in water. USE: Ortho phthalaldehyde is used as a disinfectant, mainly for dental and medical equipment. EXPOSURE: Workers that produce or use Ortho phthalaldehyde may have direct skin contact. The general population may be exposed by contact with residual disinfectant. If Ortho phthalaldehyde is released to the environment, it will be broken down in air by reaction with hydroxyl radicals. It may be broken down in the air by sunlight. It will not volatilize into air from soil or water surfaces. It is expected to move easily through soil. It is not expected to build up in fish. RISK: Irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract as well as asthma and allergic skin rashes have been reported in some healthcare workers that routinely use Ortho phthalaldehyde to disinfect equipment. Severe anaphylactic allergic reactions have been reported in some patients exposed to equipment disinfected with Ortho phthalaldehyde. Discoloration of the mouth and throat, burning of the throat, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may occur with ingestion. Damage to the nose, throat, lung, skin, and eyes were observed in laboratory animals following repeated exposure to low air levels of Ortho phthalaldehyde, damage was severe at moderate air levels and some animals died. Several alterations in the blood were also observed. Damage to the gastrointestinal tract, irregular breathing, impaired movement, and changes in the blood were observed in laboratory animals given moderate oral doses. Some animals died at high oral doses. No evidence of abortion or birth defects were noted in laboratory animals exposed to Ortho phthalaldehyde during pregnancy, but delayed bone development was observed at high doses that made the mothers sick. Data on the potential for Ortho phthalaldehyde to cause infertility in laboratory animals were not available. However, damage to the testis and reduced sperm counts and motility were observed in male animals following repeated exposure to low air levels of Ortho phthalaldehyde. Data on the potential for Ortho phthalaldehyde to cause cancer in laboratory animals were not available. The potential for Ortho phthalaldehyde to cause cancer in humans has not been assessed by the U.S. EPA IRIS program, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, or the U.S. National Toxicology Program 14th Report on Carcinogens. For Ortho phthalaldehyde (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 129017) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the USA, but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses. Recently, the use of ortho phthalaldehyde (OPA) has been increasing as an alternative to glutaraldehyde(GA)for endoscope disinfection. We detected development of bronchial asthma and contact dermatitis in health care workers (HCW) employed in an endoscopy unit. ... Two of 83 health care workers described mild eye irritation, but no contact dermatitis or bronchitis had newly developed. Three sampling and analytical methods have been developed and evaluated for Ortho phthalaldehyde (OPA): (1) an HPLC-UV method for Ortho phthalaldehyde in air, (2) a fluorimetric method for Ortho phthalaldehyde on surfaces, and (3) a colorimetric method for Ortho phthalaldehyde on surfaces. (1) The air sampler contains 350 mg of silica gel coated with 1 mg of acidified 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). Air sampling may be conducted at 0.03 to 1.0 L/min for periods up to 8 hr. Samples were eluted with ethyl acetate, and the eluents were allowed to stand for 72 hr. Analysis was by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a UV detector set at 369 nm. An unusual phenomenon was the observation that the stability of the sample on a sampler at 3 degrees C tends to decrease as the total quantity of Ortho phthalaldehyde collected on the sampler decreases. Elution of the samples within 24 hr of air sampling is required. The detection limit (LOD) is approximately 0.02 ug of Ortho phthalaldehyde per sample. Ortho phthalaldehyde on surfaces may be collected with strips cut from a sheet of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA wipe). (2) In the surface wipe method with analysis by fluorescence measurement, the strips of PVA wipe were placed into dimethyl sulfoxide. An aliquot was treated with aqueous N-acetyl-l-cysteine and ethylenediamine. Analysis was performed with a portable fluorometer (excitation and emission wavelengths = 365 nm and 438 nm, respectively). The LOD is 0.2 ug per sample. (3) In the surface wipe method with visual colorimetric detection, the strips of PVA wipe were placed into 30:70 acetonitrile:water. An aliquot was treated with N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine in 0.1 m sulfuric acid. After color development, the LOD is approximately 48 ug per sample. These methods have been field tested in a hospital. A simple high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method and a highly sensitive gas chromatography mass spectrometric (GC-MS) method have been established for the determination of Ortho phthalaldehyde (OPA) in water. These methods are based on the derivatization of Ortho phthalaldehyde with hydrazine in water. The following optimum reaction conditions were established: reagent dosage, 20 mg/mL of hydrazine; pH 2; reaction for 20 min at 70 °C. The organic derivative was detected directly by HPLC or after the extraction with methylene chloride/concentration by GC-MS. The limit of detection of Ortho phthalaldehyde in water was 4.0 and 0.3 ug/L by HPLC and GC-MS, respectively. The calibration curve showed good linearity with r2 = 0.9993 and r2 = 0.9994 by HPLC and GC-MS, respectively, the accuracy was in a range of 95-105%, and the precision of the assay was less than 13% in water. The HPLC method was simple and reproducible enough to permit the Ortho phthalaldehyde content analysis in the disinfectant products, and the GC-MS method is sensitive enough to permit reliable analysis of Ortho phthalaldehyde to the ug/L level in environmental water. 2018 Notice of Intended Changes (NIC): These substances, with their corresponding values and notations, comprise those for which (1) a limit is proposed for the first time, (2) a change in the Adopted value is proposed, (3) retention as an NIC is proposed, or (4) withdrawal of the Documentation and adopted TLV is proposed. In each case, the proposals should be considered trial values during the period they are on the NIC. These proposals were ratified by the ACGIH Board of Directors and will remain on the NIC for approximately one year following this ratification. If the Committee neither finds nor receives any substantive data that changes its scientific opinion regarding an NIC TLV, the Committee may then approve its recommendation to the ACGIH Board of Directors for adoption. If the Committee finds or receives substantive data that change its scientific opinion regarding an NIC TLV, the Committee may change its recommendation to the ACGIH Board of Directors for the matter to be either retained on or withdrawn from the NIC. Substance: Ortho Phthalaldehyde; Time Weighted Avg (TWA): Surface Limit 0.025 mg/100 sq cm; Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): Ceiling 0.0001 ppm (vapor fraction); Notations: Skin, Dermal Sensitization, Respiratory Sensitization; Molecular Weight: 134.10; TLV Basis: Eye, skin & respiratory tract irritation; respiratory sensitization; anaphylaxis. IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Ortho Phthalaldehyde (Ortho phthalaldehyde) is used as disinfectant and reagent in fluorometric determination of primary amines and thiols. HUMAN STUDIES: Ortho phthalaldehyde is a commonly used solution for rapid sterilization of medical equipment. Cases of anaphylaxis following cystoscopy with endoscopes sterilized with this agent have been reported. Ortho phthalaldehyde-induced anaphylaxis following laryngoscopy have also been described. In these patients, Ortho phthalaldehyde-specific IgE was detected in the serum. Contact dermatitis occurred in 4 workers of the endoscopy unit, one of whom also developed asthma. Among 80 female disinfection workers who used only antiseptic solutions containing Ortho phthalaldehyde, the incidence of disinfection-related complaints were 10% skin, 9% eye, and 16% respiratory symptoms. ANIMAL STUDIES: In male mice, injected Ortho phthalaldehyde induced specific IgE and IgG in the sera, suggesting that Ortho phthalaldehyde acts as a hapten. Overall, Ortho phthalaldehyde caused acute inflammation and acted as a haptenic allergen, although it caused only mild liver injury. In mice sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA), Ortho phthalaldehyde enhanced the OVA-induced recruitment of neutrophils to the lung and the production of allergen-specific IgE, suggesting that Ortho phthalaldehyde acts as an immunological adjuvant. The major targets from Ortho phthalaldehyde exposure in rats and mice included the respiratory system (nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, and lung), skin, eye, testis, and epididymis. The most sensitive measure of Ortho phthalaldehyde inhalation toxicity in male and female rats and mice was significantly increased incidences of nasal cavity lesions (lowest-observable-effect concentration = 0.44 ppm). Ortho phthalaldehyde was mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 in the absence of exogenous metabolic activation; no mutagenicity was seen in TA100 with metabolic activation or in TA98 or Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA/pKM101, with or without metabolic activation. Iatrogenic injury from medical disinfectants is an uncommon but potentially devastating complication. We report an unusual, but severe, upper aerodigestive complication from the use of Ortho phthalaldehyde solution, a commonly used endoscope disinfectant. Ortho phthalaldehyde (Cidex Ortho phthalaldehyde) is a commonly used solution for rapid sterilization of flexible endoscopic equipment. We report two cases of anaphylaxis following cystoscopy with endoscopes sterilized with this agent. Only a handful of such reactions have been reported in the published literature, the majority of which are in the bladder cancer population undergoing surveillance cystoscopy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the clinical presentation of two cases of anaphylaxis following flexible cystoscopy with instruments sterilized with Ortho phthalaldehyde. We further describe their subsequent evaluation by an allergy and immunology specialist who performed skin testing to confirm a suspected Ortho phthalaldehyde allergy. RESULTS: Both patients were skin test positive to Ortho phthalaldehyde antigen. As a result, sterilization techniques for our flexible endoscopes has been altered. To date, no further anaphylactic reactions have occurred in our bladder cancer patients, including the two cases presented herein following subsequent cystoscopic evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: Ortho phthalaldehyde-sterilized cystoscopes have been associated with anaphylactic reactions in a small number of patients who have undergone repeated cystoscopy. The manufacturer has already made recommendations to avoid this agent in bladder cancer patients. It may be prudent to extend this practice to other populations undergoing repeat cystoscopy. Ortho phthalaldehyde (OPA) has recently been used as a disinfectant for various medical apparatuses. Ortho phthalaldehyde is not generally recognized as a potential allergen. CASE SUMMARY: Subsequent to our recent report describing a patient presenting with Ortho phthalaldehyde-induced anaphylaxis following laryngoscopy, we experienced two more such cases. In all three cases, the basophil histamine release test was useful for identifying the allergen as Ortho phthalaldehyde. Ortho phthalaldehyde-specific IgE was successfully detected in the serum of the patients by ELISA. DISCUSSION: Physicians and co-medical workers need to be aware of potential allergens to which patients may be exposed during routine medical procedures. Because body fluids and blood have a tendency to adhere to transesophageal echo devices, a high level of sterilization is required when cleaning them. Ortho phthalaldehyde (OPA) has been widely used in Japan since being approved as a high-level sterilant. The authors report a patient with widespread, severe skin and mucous membrane damage of the lip, tongue, pharynx and esophagus areas that was attributed to inadequate washing after the sterilization of a transesophageal echo device with Ortho phthalaldehyde. This patient experienced sequelae, which did not improve after more than 1 year of continuous treatment. When using medical devices sterilized with Ortho phthalaldehyde, the use of a probe cover, when applicable, is recommended and complete washing prior to use is required. Acute Exposure/ Although Ortho phthalaldehyde (OPA) has been suggested as an alternative to glutaraldehyde for the sterilization and disinfection of hospital equipment, the toxicity has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of these studies was to evaluate the irritancy and sensitization potential of Ortho phthalaldehyde. The EpiDerm Skin Irritation Test was used to evaluate in vitro irritancy potential of Ortho phthalaldehyde and glutaraldehyde. Treatment with 0.4125 and 0.55% Ortho phthalaldehyde induced irritation, while glutaraldehyde exposure at these concentrations did not. Consistent with the in vitro results, Ortho phthalaldehyde induced irritancy, evaluated by ear swelling, when mice were treated with 0.75%. Initial evaluation of the sensitization potential was conducted using the local lymph node assay at concentrations ranging from 0.005 to 0.75%. A concentration-dependent increase in lymphocyte proliferation was observed with a calculated EC3 value of 0.051% compared to that of 0.089%, previously determined for glutaraldehyde. Immunoglobulin (Ig) E-inducing potential was evaluated by phenotypic analysis of draining lymph node (DLN) cells and measurement of total and specific serum IgE levels. The 0.1 and 0.75% exposed groups yielded significant increases in the IgE+B220+ cell population in the lymph nodes while the 0.75% treated group demonstrated significant increases in total IgE, Ortho phthalaldehyde-specific IgE, and Ortho phthalaldehyde-specific IgG(1). In addition, significant increases in interleukin-4 messenger RNA and protein expression in the DLNs were observed in Ortho phthalaldehyde-treated groups. The results demonstrate the dermal irritancy and allergic potential of Ortho phthalaldehyde and raise concern about the proposed/intended use of Ortho phthalaldehyde as a safe alternative to glutaraldehyde. Acute Exposure/ Ortho phthalaldehyde (OPA) has been used as a safe alternative disinfectant instead of glutaraldehyde; however, recently some adverse effects of Ortho phthalaldehyde were reported in patients and medical professions. We examined the acute toxicity of Ortho phthalaldehyde in male ICR mice injected with 0.125-0.5% Ortho phthalaldehyde and killed some animals 1 day after a single Ortho phthalaldehyde injection, and others 1 or 13 days after two Ortho phthalaldehyde injections 5 days apart. Hematology, blood cell counts, specific antibody production, organ weights, hepatic enzymes, hepatic histOrtho phthalaldehydethology and gene expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) mRNA in liver were examined. Single Ortho phthalaldehyde injections elevated leukocyte counts, the proportion of neutrophils, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Two Ortho phthalaldehyde injections dose-dependently increased leukocyte counts, the proportion of neutrophils, ALT and AST, and decreased alkaline phosphatase. Leukocyte counts and proportions of neutrophils normalized 13 days after the second of two injections. However, both ALT and AST remained high in mice given higher Ortho phthalaldehyde doses. Significant increased liver-to-body weight ratio and mild hepatic lesions were observed. Gene expression of CYP1a1 and CYP2e1 revealed a tendency of up-regulation 1 day after two Ortho phthalaldehyde injections. However, expression of these genes was then down-regulated 13 days after Ortho phthalaldehyde injections. Ortho phthalaldehyde induced specific IgE and IgG significantly in the sera, suggesting that Ortho phthalaldehyde acts as a hapten. Overall, Ortho phthalaldehyde caused acute inflammation and acted as a haptenic allergen, although it caused only mild liver injury. Such evidence suggested that careful washing and prevention of exposure were needed after Ortho phthalaldehyde disinfection of medical instruments. Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ The general population is exposed to phthalates through consumer products, diet, and medical devices. Phthalic acid (PA) is a common final metabolite of phthalates, and its isomers include isophthalic acid (IPA), terephthalic acid (TPA), and phthalaldehyde (o-phthalic acid, Ortho phthalaldehyde). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether PA and PA isomers exert reproductive toxicity, including altered sperm movement. In vitro cell viability assays were comparatively performed using Sertoli and liver cell lines. In animal experiments, PA or PA isomers (10, 100, or 1000 mg/kg) were administered orally to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, and semen samples were analyzed by computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA). PA treatment produced a significant effect on curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight-line velocity (VSL), mean velocity or average path velocity (VAP), amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH), and frequency of head displacement or beat cross-frequency (BCF), whereas IPA, TPA, and Ortho phthalaldehyde induced no marked effects. In vitro cell viability assays showed that mouse normal testis cells (TM4) and human testis cancer cells (NTERA 2 cl. D1) were more sensitive to PA and Ortho phthalaldehyde than mouse liver normal cells (NCTC clone 1469) and human fetal liver cells (FL 62891). Our study suggests that PA and PA isomers specifically produced significant in vitro and in vivo reproductive toxicity, particularly sperm toxicity and testis cell cytotoxicity. Of the isomers examined, PA appeared to be the most toxic and may serve as a surrogate biomarker for reproductive toxicity following mixed exposure to phthalates. Neurotoxicity/ Glutaraldehyde (GA) and ortho-phtalaldehyde (Ortho phthalaldehyde) have been widely used as major components of disinfectants in hospitals. We evaluated the alterations in GA or Ortho phthalaldehyde in rats after subacute inhalation exposure by determining levels of neurotransmitters (norepinephrine [NE], dOrtho phthalaldehydemine [DA], DA metabolites, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid [DOrtho phthalaldehydeC] and homovanillic acid [HVA], indoleamine serotonin [5-HT] and 5-HT metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid [5-HIAA]) in discrete brain regions using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with an electrochemical detector. Female Wistar rats were exposed to 0, 50, 100, or 200 ppb gaseous GA or Ortho phthalaldehyde by inhalation for 1 hr per day, 5 d per week for 4 wk. Following the exposure, the brain of each rat was removed and dissected into cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, midbrain, corpus striatum and hypothalamus. The neurotransmitters and their metabolites were extracted from each brain region, and determined by HPLC. Regarding GA, the daily water intake of the 50 or the 200 ppb exposed groups was significantly lower than that of the control. DA and 5-HIAA levels in the medulla oblongata among the GA exposed groups were significantly lower than those of the control. For Ortho phthalaldehyde, the mean final body weight and daily food intake of the 100 or 200 ppb exposed groups were significantly lower than those of the control. The mean DA concentrations in the cerebrum in the groups exposed to Ortho phthalaldehyde were significantly lower than those of the control. Ortho phthalaldehyde may modulate DA metabolism in the cerebrum of female rats. The levels GA or Ortho phthalaldehyde that induced alienations in neurotransmitters were comparable to those levels usually found in hospitals, further studies are warranted to evaluate the of safety of disinfectants containing GA or Ortho phthalaldehyde. Groups of 10 male and 10 female rats and mice were exposed to Ortho Phthalaldehyde at concentrations of 0, 0.44, 0.88, 1.75, 3.5, or 7.0 ppm, 6 hours plus T90 (17 minutes) per day, 5 days per week for 14 weeks; additional groups of 10 male and 10 female clinical pathology study rats were exposed to the same concentrations for 23 days. All rats exposed to 7.0 ppm died by the end of week 2 of the study, and seven males and two females exposed to 3.5 ppm died by week 7 of the study. All mice exposed to 7.0 ppm died during week 1 of the study, and five males and four females exposed to 3.5 ppm died by week 6 of the study. Clinical observations in rats and mice included abnormal breathing, sneezing, and thinness, with increasing frequency in higher exposure groups. In rats, clinical observations also included black discoloration of the appendages (pinnae and/or feet), which was noted throughout the study in male and female rats exposed to 3.5 ppm or greater. Clinical observations in mice also included alopecia. Mean body weights of all surviving exposed groups of male rats and 1.75 and 3.5 ppm female rats were significantly less than those of the chamber controls. Mean body weights of all surviving exposed groups of male and female mice were significantly less than those of the chamber controls, and 3.5 ppm males lost weight during the study. In the hematopoietic system of rats, decreases in lymphocyte counts in males and females coincided with increases in neutrophil counts. These alterations in lymphocyte and neutrophil counts were consistent with stress and inflammation. Decreased lymphocyte counts corresponded to lymphoid atrophy in the thymus and spleen. Within the erythron, the erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrit values, and packed cell volumes were significantly elevated in both male and female rats at all time points. Erythron increases at the earlier time points were consistent with a physiological hemoconcentration, while increases at study termination may have been due to hypoxia with a resultant secondary erythrocytosis. In the hematopoietic system of mice, the total leukocyte and lymphocyte counts, as well as neutrophil and eosinophil counts, were increased in males at study termination. Similarly, female mice had increased total leukocyte, neutrophil, and eosinophil counts. The increases in the leukon were generally consistent with inflammation. Hemoglobin concentrations, erythrocyte counts, hematocrit values, and packed cell volumes were decreased in male and female mice. The decreases in the erythron were most likely due to bone marrow suppression as a result of the chronic inflammation in the respiratory tract. Inhalation exposure to Ortho Phthalaldehyde resulted in a spectrum of lesions at sites of contact within the respiratory tract (nose, larynx, trachea, and lung), skin, and eye that were generally consistent with an irritant effect. In general, exposure of rats and mice to Ortho Phthalaldehyde resulted in lesions throughout the respiratory tract that included necrosis, inflammation, regeneration, hyperplasia, and metaplasia, ranging from minimal to moderate in severity. In general, histologic findings occurred at deeper sites within the respiratory tract with increasing exposure concentration. The first site of contact, the nose, was most affected, with many lesions occurring at the lowest exposure concentration (0.44 ppm) in male and female rats and mice. Laryngeal lesions occurred at all exposure concentrations in rats and at 0.88 ppm or greater in mice. Tracheal findings were first noted at a variety of exposure concentrations. Lung findings were most prevalent at the two highest exposure concentrations (3.5 and 7.0 ppm) in rats and mice. In the skin, there were significant increases in adnexa degeneration and epithelial parakeratosis in both male and female rats and mice. In the eye, there were significant increases in suppurative inflammation of the anterior chamber and cornea, as well as corneal necrosis in male and female rats. Rats exposed to Ortho Phthalaldehyde exhibited lower cauda epididymis, epididymis, and testis weights. In rats, total sperm/cauda exhibited a negative trend and sperm motility was lower. There were no histOrtho phthalaldehydethologic correlates identified that could explain the observed responses in sperm parameters, or the weight changes in the testis or epididymis. However, in the higher dose groups where morbidity and mortality were observed, testicular and epididymal histOrtho phthalaldehydethologic lesions were noted. In the testes, these lesions included significant increases in the incidences of elongated spermatid degeneration, apoptosis of the germinal epithelium, and interstitial cell atrophy.
ORTHO PHTHALALDEHYDE

Ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a chemical compound with the formula C8H6O2.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is a white to pale yellow solid that is commonly used as a disinfectant and sterilant.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is known for its high antimicrobial activity and broad-spectrum efficacy against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and mycobacteria.

CAS Number: 643-79-8
EC Number: 211-745-1



APPLICATIONS


The chemical ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) has various applications, including:

Disinfection of medical equipment:
Ortho phthalaldehyde is commonly used in healthcare settings to disinfect and sterilize medical instruments, including endoscopes, surgical tools, and respiratory devices.

High-level disinfection:
Ortho phthalaldehyde is an effective alternative to glutaraldehyde for high-level disinfection processes.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is used to kill or inactivate a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and mycobacteria.

Water treatment:
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be utilized in water treatment processes to eliminate harmful microorganisms, ensuring the safety and purity of drinking water.

Industrial applications:
Ortho phthalaldehyde is used in various industrial applications, including oilfield operations, where it can help control microbial growth and prevent biofilm formation.

Surface disinfection:
Ortho phthalaldehyde is effective in disinfecting surfaces in healthcare facilities, laboratories, and other environments where microbial contamination is a concern.

Cold sterilization:
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be used for cold sterilization processes, meaning sterilization can be achieved without the use of heat, making it suitable for temperature-sensitive medical equipment.

Biofilm control:
Ortho phthalaldehyde has been found to be effective in combating biofilm formation, which is a common problem in healthcare settings and industrial environments.

Emerging pathogens:
Ortho phthalaldehyde has been evaluated for its efficacy against emerging pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19.

Veterinary applications:
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be used in veterinary medicine for disinfection and sterilization of equipment and surfaces.

Laboratory and research applications:
Ortho phthalaldehyde is utilized in laboratories for disinfection of instruments, glassware, and other surfaces to maintain a sterile and controlled environment.

Research and development:
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be used as a chemical reagent in organic synthesis and in the development of new compounds.

Analytical chemistry:
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be employed as a derivatization agent for the analysis of various compounds, including amino acids and carbohydrates, in analytical chemistry techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC).

Pharmaceuticals:
Ortho phthalaldehyde may be used in the synthesis of certain pharmaceutical compounds.

Photochemistry:
Ortho phthalaldehyde has been studied for its potential application in photochemical reactions and photodynamic therapy due to its unique chemical properties.

Industrial chemical processes:
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be utilized in certain industrial chemical processes as a reagent or intermediate compound.


Ortho-phthalaldehyde is widely used as a high-level disinfectant for medical instruments in healthcare facilities.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is commonly used for the disinfection and sterilization of endoscopes, ensuring patient safety during medical procedures.

Ortho phthalaldehyde is effective against a broad range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and mycobacteria.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is utilized for cold sterilization processes, eliminating the need for heat and preserving the integrity of temperature-sensitive equipment.

Ortho phthalaldehyde finds application in the disinfection of respiratory therapy equipment, including ventilator circuits and face masks.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is used in dental settings for the disinfection and sterilization of dental instruments and equipment.

Ortho phthalaldehyde is employed in laboratories for the disinfection of glassware, surfaces, and equipment to maintain sterile conditions.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Ortho phthalaldehyde may be used in the synthesis of certain pharmaceutical compounds.

Ortho phthalaldehyde can serve as a chemical reagent in research and development activities for organic synthesis.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is utilized as a derivatization agent in analytical chemistry techniques for the analysis of amino acids and carbohydrates.

Ortho phthalaldehyde has been studied for its potential application in photodynamic therapy and photochemical reactions.
In the food industry, Ortho phthalaldehyde may find limited use in equipment disinfection where other disinfectants are not suitable.

Ortho phthalaldehyde can be employed in water treatment processes to control microbial growth and ensure water safety.
Ortho phthalaldehyde may find use in the disinfection of veterinary equipment and surfaces in veterinary clinics.

Ortho phthalaldehyde has been evaluated for its efficacy against emerging pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19.
In the research field, OPA can be used as a chemical tool in various experimental setups and protocols.
Ortho phthalaldehyde may have limited applications in certain industrial chemical processes as a reagent or intermediate compound.

Ortho phthalaldehyde can be used for the disinfection and sterilization of tattoo and piercing equipment.
OPA may find limited use in the disinfection of beauty salon tools and equipment.

Ortho phthalaldehyde can be utilized in the disinfection of contact lenses and associated equipment.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is employed in ophthalmology clinics for the disinfection of ophthalmic instruments.

Ortho phthalaldehyde may find use in the disinfection of surgical implants and prosthetic devices.
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be used for the disinfection of catheters and other urinary devices.
Ortho phthalaldehyde may find application in the disinfection of hemodialysis equipment and supplies.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is utilized for the disinfection and sterilization of reusable medical supplies and devices in various healthcare settings.

Ortho phthalaldehyde is used in ambulatory care settings for the disinfection and sterilization of medical devices and equipment used in outpatient procedures.
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be employed in veterinary clinics for the disinfection of veterinary surgical instruments and equipment.

Ortho phthalaldehyde may find application in research laboratories for the disinfection of laboratory animal cages, water systems, and related equipment.
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be used in the biotechnology industry for the disinfection of laboratory-scale bioreactors and associated components.

Ortho phthalaldehyde may be utilized in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry for the disinfection of small-scale equipment used in drug production.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is employed in research facilities and universities for the disinfection of laboratory hoods, benches, and workspaces.

Ortho phthalaldehyde can be used for the disinfection of post-mortem examination tools and equipment in forensic pathology.
Ortho phthalaldehyde may find application in the disinfection of surgical dressing materials and wound care supplies.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is utilized in assisted living facilities and nursing homes for the disinfection of medical equipment and devices.

Ortho phthalaldehyde can be employed in rehabilitation centers for the disinfection of therapy equipment and devices.
Ortho phthalaldehyde may find use in sports medicine clinics for the disinfection of athletic training equipment and supplies.

Ortho phthalaldehyde is used in dermatology clinics for the disinfection of dermatoscopes and related instruments.
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be employed in fertility clinics for the disinfection of ultrasound probes and fertility treatment equipment.

Ortho phthalaldehyde may find application in podiatry clinics for the disinfection of podiatric instruments and equipment.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is utilized in mobile healthcare units and medical missions for the disinfection of portable medical equipment and supplies.
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be used for the disinfection of chiropractic tables and equipment in chiropractic clinics.

Ortho phthalaldehyde may find use in occupational health settings for the disinfection of occupational therapy and physiotherapy equipment.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is employed in school health services for the disinfection of health office equipment and supplies.

Ortho phthalaldehyde can be utilized in blood banks and transfusion centers for the disinfection of blood collection and processing equipment.
Ortho phthalaldehyde may find application in research facilities for the disinfection of laboratory animal research equipment and facilities.

Ortho phthalaldehyde is used in emergency medical services (EMS) for the disinfection of emergency response equipment and vehicles.
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be employed in dental laboratories for the disinfection of dental prostheses and laboratory instruments.

Ortho phthalaldehyde may find use in eye care clinics for the disinfection of ophthalmic diagnostic equipment and devices.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is utilized in radiology departments for the disinfection of imaging equipment and accessories.
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be used for the disinfection of specialized medical equipment, such as bronchoscopes, gastroscopes, and colonoscopes.



DESCRIPTION


Ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a chemical compound with the formula C8H6O2.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is a white to pale yellow solid that is commonly used as a disinfectant and sterilant.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is known for its high antimicrobial activity and broad-spectrum efficacy against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and mycobacteria.

Ortho phthalaldehyde is often used in healthcare settings to disinfect medical equipment, such as endoscopes and surgical instruments.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is also used in various industrial applications, including water treatment and oilfield operations.

Ortho-phthalaldehyde is a highly effective disinfectant and sterilant.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is a white to pale yellow solid with a distinctive odor.
Ortho phthalaldehyde has a molecular formula of C8H6O2.

Ortho-phthalaldehyde is soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and acetone.
Ortho phthalaldehyde exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against various pathogens.

Ortho phthalaldehyde is commonly used in healthcare settings to disinfect medical equipment.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is particularly effective against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and mycobacteria.

Ortho-phthalaldehyde is an alternative to glutaraldehyde for high-level disinfection.
Ortho phthalaldehyde has a shorter contact time and lower toxicity compared to glutaraldehyde.

Ortho phthalaldehyde is often used to sterilize endoscopes and surgical instruments.
Ortho phthalaldehyde can also be employed in water treatment processes to eliminate harmful microorganisms.
Ortho-phthalaldehyde has been found to be effective against biofilms.

Ortho phthalaldehyde is stable and remains active over a wide range of pH levels.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is not affected by the presence of organic matter.

Ortho-phthalaldehyde is considered less irritating to the skin and respiratory system compared to other disinfectants.
Ortho phthalaldehyde is not classified as a carcinogen by regulatory agencies.

Ortho phthalaldehyde has low volatility, reducing the risk of inhalation exposure.
Ortho-phthalaldehyde has a long shelf life and can be stored for extended periods.

Ortho phthalaldehyde is compatible with a wide range of materials commonly found in healthcare settings.
Ortho phthalaldehyde has been used in various industries, including oilfield operations.

Ortho-phthalaldehyde has been found to be effective against drug-resistant bacteria.
Ortho phthalaldehyde can be used in cold sterilization processes without the need for heat.

Ortho phthalaldehyde has been evaluated for its efficacy against emerging pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2.
Ortho-phthalaldehyde has been extensively researched and studied for its antimicrobial properties.
Ortho phthalaldehyde continues to be an important tool in infection control and prevention.



PROPERTIES


Chemical formula: C8H6O2
Molecular weight: 134.13 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Characteristic aromatic odor
Melting point: 0-1 °C (32-34 °F)
Boiling point: 282 °C (540 °F)
Density: 1.24 g/cm3
Solubility: Soluble in water, alcohol, and organic solvents
pH: Neutral to slightly acidic
Flash point: 141 °C (286 °F)
Vapor pressure: 1 mmHg at 145 °C (293 °F)
Viscosity: 3.5 cP at 20 °C (68 °F)
Refractive index: 1.588 at 20 °C (68 °F)
Autoignition temperature: 550 °C (1,022 °F)
Stability: Stable under normal conditions
Reactivity: May react with strong oxidizing agents
Flammability: Non-flammable
Toxicity: May cause skin and eye irritation, harmful if swallowed or inhaled
Biodegradability: Biodegradable under certain conditions
Storage conditions: Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and incompatible substances
Handling precautions: Use appropriate protective measures, including gloves, goggles, and a lab coat. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
Environmental impact: May be harmful to aquatic organisms. Dispose of properly according to local regulations.
pH stability: Effective at a wide pH range, including acidic and alkaline conditions
Residual activity: Provides residual disinfection properties even after drying
Compatibility: Compatible with a range of materials commonly used in healthcare settings, including stainless steel, aluminum, plastics, and elastomers.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move the affected person to fresh air and ensure they are in a well-ventilated area.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen if available and seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, perform artificial respiration and seek medical help.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
If irritation or redness occurs, gently wash the area with mild soap and water.
If symptoms persist or if the substance has been absorbed through the skin, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

Rinse the eyes gently with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough flushing.
Remove contact lenses, if applicable, after rinsing for the first 5 minutes.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if the person does not experience immediate discomfort or pain.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth with water and provide the affected person with small sips of water to drink.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide the medical staff with information about the ingested substance.

Additional First Aid Measures:

If a person has been exposed to a large amount of ortho-phthalaldehyde or exhibits severe symptoms, call emergency services immediately.
Provide comfort and reassurance to the affected person while waiting for medical help.
If possible, have the container or label of the substance available for reference to provide accurate information to medical professionals.
Do not administer any medication or treatment without proper medical guidance.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling Conditions:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate protective equipment, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and a lab coat or protective clothing, to minimize the risk of exposure.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation to ensure the dispersal of any potential vapors or fumes.

Avoid Direct Contact:
Avoid direct skin contact with Ortho phthalaldehyde by using proper handling techniques and tools such as pipettes, tongs, or appropriate containers.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling OPA.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas where OPA is handled.


Storage Conditions:

Store in a Cool Area:
Keep Ortho phthalaldehyde in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames.

Temperature Control:
Store at room temperature or below. Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures or rapid temperature changes.

Container Integrity:
Keep Ortho phthalaldehyde in tightly sealed and properly labeled containers to prevent leaks or spills.

Separation from Incompatible Substances:
Store Ortho phthalaldehyde away from oxidizing agents, strong acids, and bases, as well as reactive or incompatible materials.

Secure Storage:
Ensure proper storage conditions to prevent accidental access or use by unauthorized individuals, particularly in settings where Ortho phthalaldehyde may pose a risk.

Protect from Moisture:
Keep Ortho phthalaldehyde containers tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption, as it can affect the quality and stability of the substance.

Separate from Food and Beverages:
Store Ortho phthalaldehyde away from food, beverages, and animal feed to prevent cross-contamination.

Proper Labeling:
Clearly label containers with the name of the substance, hazard symbols, handling precautions, and other relevant information as required by local regulations.

Storage Duration:
Follow the manufacturer's recommendations and local regulations regarding the storage duration of Ortho phthalaldehyde.
Dispose of expired or deteriorated material properly.



SYNONYMS


1,2-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde
1,2-Phthalic aldehyde
Phthalaldehyde
OPA
O-phthalaldehyde
Orthophthalic aldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehyde
Orthobenzaldehyde
1,2-Benzenedicarbaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dialdehyde
2-Formylbenzaldehyde
Phthaldehydic acid
Benzene-1,2-diformyl
1,2-Diformylbenzene
Benzene ortho-dialdehyde
Phthaldehydic aldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarbonal
1,2-Dicarbonylbenzene
Phthaldialdehyde
OPA-5
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic aldehyde
2-Formylbenzenecarboxaldehyde
2-Formylbenzaldehyde
o-Phthaldialdehyde
Benzene-o-dialdehyde
2-Phthaldialdehyde
o-Phthaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic aldehyde
Benzene-o-diformyl
1,2-Benzenedicarboxyaldehyde
1,2-Diformylbenzene
o-Phthalic aldehyde
2-Formylphthalic acid
Phthalaldehyde-5
Phthalaldehyde-2
Benzene-1,2-diyl-bis-methanol
o-Benzenedicarboxaldehyde
1,2-Benzendicarboxaldehyde
Benzene-o-dicarboxaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-diylaldehyde
o-Phthaldic aldehyde
2-Formylbenzene-1,2-dicarboxaldehyde
Benzene-1,2-diylglycol
Orthophthalaldehyde-5
Phthalaldehyde-ortho
2-Formyl-1,2-benzenedicarboxaldehyde
2-Formyl-1,2-benzenedicarbaldehyde
o-Phthaloylaldehyde
2-Formyl-1,2-dihydroxybenzene
1,2-Benzenedicarbonal
2-Formylphthalic aldehyde
Benzene-o-carbaldehyde
Phthalic aldehyde
Orthobenzoylaldehyde
2-Formyl-1,2-dihydroxybenzene
Benzene-1,2-diformylmethane
Benzene-o-dicarbonal
Orthobenzenedicarbaldehyde
Phthaldehyde-2
2-Formylbenzaldehyde-1,2-dihydrate
Benzene-o-diformylmethane
2-Formylphthalaldehyde
Phthaldic aldehyde
o-Phthalal
1,2-Dihydroxybenzene-2-carbaldehyde
Benzene-o-dicarbonyl
Phthaldic dialdehyde
2-Formylbenzaldehyde-1,2-diol
Benzene-1,2-diyldialdehyde
o-Phthaloylal
2-Formylphthalal
Phthaldialdehyde-2
Benzene-o-dial
1,2-Benzenedicarbal
ORTHO-PHENYL PHENOL (OPP)
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is a chemical compound with the chemical formula C6H5C6H4OH.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is also known by other names such as 2-phenylphenol, biphenylol, or 2-hydroxybiphenyl.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is a white crystalline solid that is used for various industrial purposes, including as a fungicide and bactericide.

CAS Number: 90-43-7
EC Number: 201-993-5



APPLICATIONS


Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is extensively used as a fungicide in agriculture.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) serves as a bactericide, protecting crops from microbial infections.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is applied as a preservative for fruits and vegetables during storage and transportation.

In the food industry, OPP acts as a disinfectant, ensuring hygiene and safety.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is utilized as a wood preservative to protect against decay and pests.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has found applications in the treatment of ornamental plants to prevent fungal growth.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been employed in the preservation of cut flowers, extending their shelf life.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is used in the production of certain industrial chemicals and formulations.
In the textile industry, OPP is utilized for mildew control in fabrics and materials.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) serves as a biocide in cooling water treatment to prevent microbial fouling.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been applied in the manufacture of household disinfectant products.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is used as a surface disinfectant in hospitals and other healthcare settings.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been explored for its potential use in controlling post-harvest diseases.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is employed in the treatment of seeds to protect against seed-borne pathogens.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is used in the leather industry to prevent fungal and bacterial deterioration of hides.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been considered for wood surface treatments in construction materials.
In the cosmetic industry, it may be used as a preservative in certain formulations.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has applications in the production of antimicrobial coatings.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is utilized in the manufacture of some types of paints and coatings.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been studied for its potential use in controlling microbial contamination in water systems.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has applications in the preservation of cultural heritage artifacts.
OPP may be used in the treatment of wood pulp in the paper and pulp industry.

It finds application in the preservation of industrial fluids and lubricants.
The chemical's antimicrobial properties make it useful in various industrial processes.
Research continues to explore new applications and potential alternatives to OPP in various industries.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is employed in the horticultural industry to protect greenhouse plants from fungal infections.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been used as a fungicidal treatment for citrus fruits to prevent mold and decay.
In the field of water treatment, OPP may be used as a disinfectant for swimming pools and water reservoirs.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has applications in the preservation of wooden utility poles and railway ties.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is utilized in the formulation of sanitizing agents for food contact surfaces in processing facilities.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) finds use in the preservation of stored grains and seeds, preventing contamination by fungi.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been explored for its potential role in controlling mold growth in HVAC systems.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) may be incorporated into cleaning and hygiene products for its antimicrobial properties.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has applications in the treatment of agricultural soil to control soil-borne pathogens.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is considered in the development of antifouling coatings for marine structures.

The preservation of historic and archival documents may involve the use of OPP to prevent decay.
In the pharmaceutical industry, OPP may be considered for its antimicrobial role in certain formulations.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) finds application in the protection of wooden structures in outdoor environments.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been studied for its potential use in the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections in aquaculture.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is used in the formulation of wood sealants and stains for added protection.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is employed in the manufacturing of household and industrial disinfectant wipes.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been considered for the preservation of wooden musical instruments.
In the poultry industry, it may be used to control microbial contamination in poultry houses.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is employed in the treatment of timber used in the construction of outdoor furniture.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is used in the preservation of cultural artifacts made from wood, leather, or other susceptible materials.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) finds applications in the treatment of cooling towers to prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) may be included in the formulation of antiseptic solutions for medical and veterinary use.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been investigated for its potential role in inhibiting mold growth in building materials.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is considered in the development of antimicrobial solutions for the protection of textiles.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been explored for its use in the control of post-harvest diseases in various crops.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is utilized in the treatment of wooden utility poles to protect them from fungal decay and extend their lifespan.
In the field of floriculture, OPP is used to prevent mold and microbial growth in flower arrangements and bouquets.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) finds application in the preservation of wooden fences, decks, and outdoor structures.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is considered in the development of antimicrobial coatings for medical devices.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been employed in the formulation of wood varnishes and sealants for both aesthetic and protective purposes.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is utilized in the production of fungicidal paints for use in construction and industrial settings.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has applications in the treatment of soil used for greenhouse cultivation to control plant pathogens.
In the aerospace industry, OPP may be used to protect certain materials from microbial deterioration.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is considered in the formulation of antimicrobial solutions for the treatment of HVAC system components.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is used in the preservation of historical wooden structures, such as heritage buildings and monuments.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has applications in the treatment of wooden shipping pallets to prevent contamination during transport.
In the automotive industry, OPP may be employed in the preservation of wooden components in vintage and classic cars.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) finds use in the protection of wooden playground structures to ensure their longevity.
OPP is considered in the development of antimicrobial coatings for textiles and fabrics.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been explored for its potential use in the treatment of waterlogged wooden artifacts recovered from archaeological sites.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is used in the preservation of wooden sculptures and carvings in art conservation.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) finds applications in the treatment of wooden flooring to prevent fungal growth in humid environments.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) may be included in the formulation of wood treatments for fence posts and poles.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is considered in the development of antimicrobial solutions for the protection of leather goods.

In the manufacturing of wooden musical instruments, OPP may be used to prevent microbial damage.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is employed in the treatment of wooden beehives to protect against fungal infestations.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has applications in the treatment of wooden components in marine structures to prevent degradation.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is considered in the formulation of antimicrobial solutions for the protection of outdoor fabrics and upholstery.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) may find use in the preservation of wooden art installations and sculptures in outdoor settings.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is explored for its potential role in the protection of wooden artifacts in museum collections.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is utilized in the agricultural sector as a post-harvest treatment for fruits and vegetables to extend shelf life and prevent decay.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) finds application in the preservation of wooden barrels used for aging and storing wines and spirits.

In the poultry industry, OPP may be used in the sanitation of equipment and facilities to control microbial contamination.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is considered in the development of antimicrobial solutions for the treatment of wooden beehives.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has applications in the treatment of wooden railway ties to protect against fungal deterioration.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) may be used in the formulation of wood stains and finishes for both aesthetic and protective purposes.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is considered in the development of antimicrobial coatings for industrial equipment and machinery.
In the construction industry, it finds use in the preservation of wooden structures and architectural elements.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has applications in the treatment of wooden utility poles used in power distribution.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is explored for its potential use in preventing fungal growth in wooden outdoor furniture.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) may be included in the formulation of wood treatments for the protection of fences and gates.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is considered in the preservation of wooden artworks, including sculptures and carvings.
In the textile industry, it may find applications in the development of antimicrobial fabrics.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is utilized in the formulation of wood sealants for decks and outdoor structures.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has applications in the treatment of wooden packaging materials to prevent contamination during transportation.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) may be considered in the development of antimicrobial solutions for the protection of antique wooden furniture.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is explored for its potential role in controlling microbial contamination in agricultural irrigation systems.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) finds use in the treatment of wooden components in the manufacturing of musical instruments.

In the preservation of wooden artifacts in museums, OPP may be employed to prevent decay and deterioration.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has applications in the treatment of wooden props and sets in the film and theater industry.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is considered in the development of antimicrobial solutions for the treatment of wooden cutting boards.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) may be utilized in the preservation of wooden sculptures and installations in outdoor art exhibitions.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) finds applications in the treatment of wooden components in the production of outdoor signage.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) may be included in the formulation of wood treatments for the protection of outdoor structures in parks and recreational areas.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is explored for its potential use in the preservation of historical wooden shipwrecks and maritime artifacts.

Biocidal Uses:
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is approved for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: human hygiene, disinfection, veterinary hygiene, food and animals feeds, product preservation, preservation for working / cutting fluids.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is being reviewed for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: preservation of fibres, leather, rubber, or polymers, preservation for construction materials.

Consumer Uses:
ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used.
ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which this substance is most likely to be released to the environment.



DESCRIPTION


Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is a chemical compound with the chemical formula C6H5C6H4OH.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is also known by other names such as 2-phenylphenol, biphenylol, or 2-hydroxybiphenyl.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is a white crystalline solid that is used for various industrial purposes, including as a fungicide and bactericide.

In agricultural applications, OPP has been used as a preservative for fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has fungicidal properties that help protect crops from certain diseases.
Additionally, OPP has been employed as a disinfectant in the food industry and as a wood preservative.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is known for its antimicrobial activity against a variety of microorganisms.

However, it's important to note that the use of certain chemical compounds, including OPP, has raised concerns about their potential impact on human health and the environment.
As with any chemical substance, Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is crucial to follow safety guidelines and regulations during its handling and use. Additionally, the approval and regulation of such chemicals may vary by region.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is a white crystalline solid.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is known for its fungicidal and bactericidal properties.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is commonly used as a preservative in the agricultural industry.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has a chemical formula of C6H5C6H4OH.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is also referred to as 2-phenylphenol or biphenylol.
OPP has been employed in the preservation of fruits and vegetables.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) acts as a disinfectant in the food industry.

The CAS Registry Number for OPP is 90-43-7.
Its EC Number (EINECS) is 201-993-5.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been utilized as a wood preservative due to its antimicrobial activity.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is effective against various microorganisms.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is used to protect crops from certain diseases.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been employed in the treatment of ornamental plants.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been a subject of study regarding its environmental impact.
Safety guidelines and regulations must be followed during its handling.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has a molecular weight of approximately 170.21 g/mol.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has a distinctive aromatic odor.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is sparingly soluble in water.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is stable under normal conditions of use and storage.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) can be found in some household disinfectant products.

Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) has been used in the production of certain industrial chemicals.
Proper ventilation is recommended when working with OPP.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) structure includes two phenyl groups.
Ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP) is classified as a hazardous substance, and precautions are necessary.
Research continues to explore its applications and potential alternatives.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C6H5C6H4OH
Molecular Weight: Approximately 170.21 g/mol
Physical State: White crystalline solid
Odor: Distinctive aromatic odor
Solubility: Sparingly soluble in water
Melting Point: Varies, typically around 57-58°C (135-136°F)
Boiling Point: Approximately 282°C (540°F) at atmospheric pressure
Density: Approximately 1.25 g/cm³
Flash Point: Not applicable or varies depending on formulation
Vapor Pressure: Data may vary based on specific conditions
Stability: Stable under normal conditions of use and storage
pH: Depending on formulation, it may affect the pH of solutions.
Flammability: Generally not considered highly flammable
Toxicity: Can be toxic if ingested or absorbed through the skin; appropriate safety measures are crucial.
Environmental Impact: The environmental impact and persistence may vary; it has been a subject of study and regulation.
Chemical Structure: Contains two phenyl groups and a hydroxyl group.
CAS Registry Number: 90-43-7
EC Number (EINECS): 201-993-5



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If inhaled, immediately move the person to an area with fresh air.

Seek Medical Attention:
If respiratory symptoms persist or if the person has difficulty breathing, seek medical attention.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Remove any contaminated clothing promptly.

Wash Skin:
Wash the affected skin area with plenty of soap and water.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation, redness, or other symptoms persist, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
Immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or other symptoms persist.


Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.

Rinse Mouth:
If the person is conscious, rinse the mouth with water.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention, and provide the medical personnel with information about the substance ingested.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing, to prevent skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use in a well-ventilated area or under local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid skin contact and inhalation of vapors or mists.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands thoroughly after handling and before eating, drinking, or using the restroom.

Prohibited Activities:
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the substance.

Equipment:
Use equipment made of materials that are compatible with OPP.

Spill Response:
Have spill response measures in place, including absorbent materials and appropriate personal protective equipment.
In the event of a spill, follow established spill response procedures.

Labeling:
Ensure proper labeling of containers, including hazard information and handling precautions.

Training:
Provide training for personnel handling OPP, covering safety procedures, emergency response, and the use of personal protective equipment.


Storage:

Container:
Store OPP in tightly sealed containers made of materials resistant to the substance.

Location:
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials.

Temperature:
Store at temperatures recommended by the manufacturer or within specified temperature limits.

Keep Away From:
Keep away from heat sources, open flames, and direct sunlight.

Incompatibilities:
Avoid storing OPP with incompatible substances.
Consult the SDS for information on incompatible materials.

Handling Precautions:
Follow proper handling precautions to prevent spills or leaks during storage.

Segregation:
Segregate from incompatible substances based on storage compatibility.

Fire Precautions:
Implement fire precautions in storage areas. Store away from ignition sources.

Emergency Equipment:
Ensure the availability of emergency equipment, such as eyewash stations and safety showers, in the storage area.

Labeling:
Clearly label storage areas with appropriate hazard information and access restrictions.



SYNONYMS


2-Phenylphenol
Biphenylol
2-Hydroxybiphenyl
Phenyl phenol
o-Phenylphenol
2-Phenylphenoxide
OPP
Dowicide 1
Dowicide O
Dow Biocide O
Orthophenyl phenol
Orthophenyl phenoxide
OPP-35
OPP-40
OPP-65
OPP-H
OPP-O
Phenyl hydroxy diphenyl
Phenylphenol
Phenylphenylol
Sanophen
Sumithion
Terrazol
Dow Biocide
Dowicide
Diphenylol
1-Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene
1-Phenyl-1,2-dihydroxybenzene
Alpha-phenylphenol
Oxydol
Dowicide 2
Dowicide G
Dowicide G Biocide
Dowicide H
Dowicide M
Dowicide MX
Dowicide W
Phenyl hydroxy diphenyl ether
Phenylphenylene glycol
Phenyl-α-phenylol
Phenylphenol oxides
Phenylphenol, ortho-
2-Hydroxy-1,1'-biphenyl
2-Hydroxydiphenyl
2-Phenyl-1,2-dihydroxybenzene
2-Phenyl-2-hydroxybiphenyl
2-Phenylbiphenylol
Alpha-phenyl-p-phenol
OPP-30
OPP-50
2-Hydroxydiphenyl
2-Phenylphenol, ortho isomer
2-Phenylphenol, O-isomer
Alpha-diphenylol
Alpha-phenyl-p-phenol
Phenol, 2-phenyl-
Phenol, 2-phenyl-, 1:1 mixture with phenol
Phenylphenol (2-phenylphenol)
Phenylphenol (mixed isomers)
Phenylphenol, 2-
Phenylphenol, ortho-
Phenylphenol, pure
Phenylphenol, total
Pure phenylphenol
Diphenylol (ortho-phenylphenol)
Phenylphenol, 2-hydroxy
Phenylphenol, ortho-diphenol
Phenylphenol, ortho-hydroxy
2,2'-Dihydroxydiphenyl
2-Phenylphenol, 95%
2-Phenylphenol, 98%
2-Phenylphenol, extra pure
o-Phenylphenol, 1:1 mixture with phenol
o-Phenylphenol, pure
Total phenylphenol
ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL (OPP)
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is white, light yellow to light red powder, slightly phenolic.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is almost insoluble in water, soluble in methanol, acetone, benzene, xylene, trichloroethylene, dichlorobenzene and other organic solvents.


CAS Number: 90-43-7
EC Number: 201-993-5
MDL Number: MFCD00002208
E number: E231 (preservatives)
Molecular Formula: C12H10O / C6H5C6H4OH



OPP, Xenol, Torsite, o-Xonal, Remol TRF, FEMA 3959, Orthoxenol, Dowicide 1, 2-Biphenylol, 2-DIPHENYLOL, BIPHENYLOL-2, Tumescal OPE, DOWICIDE 1(R),
Biphenyl-2-ol, BIPHENYL-2-OL, AKOS BAR-1742, 2-PHENYLPHENOL, 2-Phenylphenol, Hydroxdiphenyl, o-phenylphenol, O-Phenyl phenol, Hydroxybiphenyl, 2-Hydroxybiphenyl, 2-HYDROXYDIPHENYL, Preventol O extra, O-HYDROXIDIPHENYL, 1,1'-Biphenyl-2-ol, Ortho Phenylphenol, [1,1'-BIPHENYL]-2-OL, orthohydroxydipbenyl, Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene, HYDROXY-(2-PHENYL)BENZENE, Dowicide A', (1,1'-Biphenyl)-2-ol, 1-Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene, 2-Biphenylol, 2-Hydroxybiphenyl, 2-Hydroxydiphenyl, 2-Phenylphenol, Anthrapole 73, Biphenyl, 2-hydroxy-, Biphenyl-2-ol, Dowicide 1, Dowicide 1 antimicrobial,
Invalon OP, Kiwi lustr 277, Nectryl, OPP, Orthohydroxydiphenyl, Orthophenylphenol, Orthoxenol, Phenol, o-phenyl-, Phenyl-2 phenol, Phenylphenol, Preventol O Extra, Remol TRF, Tetrosin OE, Topane, Torsite, Tumescal 0PE, Tumescal OPE, o-Biphenylol, o-Diphenylol, o-Hydroxybiphenyl, o-Hydroxydiphenyl, o-Phenyl phenol, o-Phenylphenol, cosmetic grade, o-Xenol, 2-phenylphenol, o-phenylphenol biphenylol, 2-hydroxybiphenyl, orthophenyl phenol, o-xenol, orthoxenol,
[1,1′-Biphenyl]-2-ol, 2-Phenylphenol, 2-Biphenylol, o-Phenylphenol, Biphenylol, 2-Hydroxybiphenyl, Orthophenyl phenol, o-Xenol, Orthoxenol, 2-Phenylphenol, 2-Hydroxybiphenyl, 90-43-7, O-PHENYLPHENOL, Biphenyl-2-ol, 2-Biphenylol, o-Hydroxybiphenyl, 2-Hydroxydiphenyl, o-Hydroxydiphenyl, Biphenylol, o-Phenyl phenol, Phenylphenol, Orthophenylphenol, Orthoxenol, o-Diphenylol, [1,1'-Biphenyl]-2-ol, Dowicide 1, Torsite, o-Xenol, o-Biphenylol, Preventol O extra,
Orthohydroxydiphenyl, Nectryl, (1,1'-Biphenyl)-2-ol, Tumescal OPE, ortho-Phenylphenol, Remol TRF, Phenol, o-phenyl-, Tetrosin oe, 1-Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene,
2-Fenylfenol, 2-Hydroxybifenyl, o-Xonal, 2-Phenyl phenol, Biphenyl, 2-hydroxy-, Invalon OP, Anthrapole 73, 2-hydroxy biphenyl, Usaf ek-2219, 1,1'-Biphenyl-2-ol, Dowicide, Kiwi lustr 277, Hydroxdiphenyl, (1,1-Biphenyl)-2-ol, o-Phenylphenol, cosmetic grade, Dowicide 1 antimicrobial, Orthophenyl phenol, orthohydroxydipbenyl, NCI-C50351, Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene, Nipacide OPP, NSC 1548, 2-Hydroxy-1,1'-biphenyl, 2-Phenylphenol-d5, CHEMBL108829, DTXSID2021151,
CHEBI:17043, D343Z75HT8, NSC-1548, Dowicide A, E231, o-phenylphenate, Phenyl-2 phenol, ortho-phenylphenate, Biphenyl-2-o1, DTXCID201151, Hydroxybiphenyl,
CAS-90-43-7, OPP [pesticide], 2-Phenylphenol [BSI:ISO], CCRIS 1388, 64420-98-0, HSDB 1753, EINECS 201-993-5, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 064103, BRN 0606907, Stellisept, Manusept, Rotoline, UNII-D343Z75HT8, o-phenyl-phenol, AI3-00062, 2-phenyl-phenol, Tetrosin OE-N, Amocid (TN), MFCD00002208, Preventol 3041, ORTOFENILFENOL, Phenylphenol (ortho-), 2-Phenylphenol, 99%, OPP?, PHENYLPHENOL, O-, WLN: QR BR, ORTHO PHENYL PHENOL, EC 201-993-5, O-PHENYLPHENOL [MI], 2-Phenylphenol, BSI, ISO, SCHEMBL29811, 4-06-00-04579 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), MLS002415765, 2-PHENYLPHENOL [ISO], BIDD:ER0664, O-PHENYLPHENOL [INCI], [1,1''-biphenyl]-2-ol, 2-PHENYLPHENOL [FHFI], 2-PHENYLPHENOL [HSDB], FEMA 3959, 2-Phenylphenol, >=99%, FG, NSC1548, ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL [IARC], ORTHOPHENYLPHENOL [MART.], ORTHOPHENYLPHENOL [WHO-DD], AMY40390, STR07240, Tox21_202415, Tox21_300674, BDBM50308551, ORTHOPHENYL PHENOL (E 231),
AKOS000118750, PS-8698, NCGC00091595-01, NCGC00091595-02, NCGC00091595-03, NCGC00091595-04, NCGC00091595-05, NCGC00091595-06, NCGC00254582-01, NCGC00259964-01, 2-Phenylphenol 100 microg/mL in Acetone, AC-10362, SMR000778031, 2-Phenylphenol 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane, 2-Phenylphenol 1000 microg/mL in Acetone,
2-Phenylphenol 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, BB 0223993, FT-0654846, P0200, 1,1'-BIPHENYL-2-OL, 2-PHENYLPHENOL, EN300-19380, C02499, D08367, E79453, 2-Phenylphenol, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard, Q209467, SR-01000944520, SR-01000944520-1, W-100332, F0001-2206, Z104473674, InChI=1/C12H10O/c13-12-9-5-4-8-11(12)10-6-2-1-3-7-10/h1-9,13, CH9, O-phenylphenol, 2-hydroxybiphenyl, phenyl-2 phenol, o-xenol, OPP, ortho-phenylphenol, OPP, O-PHENYLPHENOL, Phenylphenol, O-HYDROXYBIPHENYL, BIPHENYL-2-OL, 2-BIPHENYLOL, 2-HYDROXYBIPHENYL, ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL, o-Xenol, 0-PHENYL PHENOL, o-Phenylphenol, o-Hydroxy biphenyl, Torsite, Xenol, OPP, 2-Biphenylol, o-Hydroxybiphenyl, [1,1'-Biphenyl]-2-ol, 2-Biphenylol, o-Biphenylol, o-Diphenylol, o-Hydroxydiphenyl, o-Phenylphenol, o-Xenol, Biphenyl-2-ol, Dowicide 1, Phenol, o-phenyl-, Preventol O extra, Remol TR, 2-Hydroxybiphenyl, 2-Hydroxydiphenyl, o-Phenylphenol, cosmetic grade, Biphenyl, 2-hydroxy-, NCI-C50351, Torsite, Tumescal OPE, usaf ek-2219, 1-Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene, 2-Hydroxybifenyl, Dowcide 1, Dowicide 1 antimicrobial, 2-Fenylfenol, Kiwi lustr 277, OPP, Orthohydroxydiphenyl, Orthophenylphenol, Orthoxenol, Tetrosin oe, Nectryl, Anthrapole 73, 2-Hydroxy-1,1'-biphenyl, Invalon OP, Tetrosin OE-N, Biphenylol, Hydroxdiphenyl, Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene, Hydroxybiphenyl, Nipacide OPP, o-Xonal, Phenylphenol, Xenol, 2-Phenylphenol, (1,1-Biphenyl)-2-ol, Phenylphenol (ortho-), NSC 1548, Preventol 3041, 2-phenylphenol, Anthrapole 73, Biphenyl, 2-hydroxy-, biphenyl-2-o1, Biphenylol, Dowcide 1, Dowcide 1 antimicrobial, o-hydroxybiphenyl, 2-biphenol, collar phenylphenol, 2-hydroxybiphenyl, (1,1-Biphenyl)-2-ol, 1-Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene, 2-Biphenylol, 2-Fenylfenol, 2-Hydroxy-1,1'-biphenyl, 2-Hydroxybifenyl, 2-Hydroxybiphenyl, 2-Hydroxydiphenyl, 2-Phenyl phenol, 2-Phenylphenol, Anthrapole 73, Biphenyl, 2-hydroxy-, Biphenyl-2-o1, Biphenyl-2-ol, Biphenylol, Dowicide, Dowicide 1, Dowicide 1 antimicrobial, Hydroxdiphenyl, Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene, Hydroxybiphenyl, Invalon OP, Kiwi lustr 277, Nectryl, Nipacide OPP, o-Biphenylol, o-Diphenylol, o-Hydroxybiphenyl, o-Hydroxydiphenyl, O-phenyl phenol, o-Phenylphenol, o-Phenylphenol, cosmetic grade, o-Xenol, o-Xonal, OPP, Ortho-phenylphenol, Orthohydroxydiphenyl, Orthophenylphenol, Orthoxenol, Phenol, o-phenyl-, Phenyl-2 phenol, Phenylphenol, Preventol O extra, Remol TRF, Tetrosin oe, Tetrosin OE-N, Torsite, Tumescal 0pe, Tumescal OPE, XENOL, Xenol, AI3-00062, BRN 0606907, CASWELL NO. 623AA, CCRIS 1388, EINECS 201-993-5, EPA PESTICIDE CHEMICAL CODE 064103, HSDB 1753, NCI-C50351, NSC 1548, USAF EK-2219, USAF ek-2219,



Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) has biocidal properties, making it useful for various preservation applications.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 to < 10 tonnes per annum.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is an organic compound.
In terms of structure, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is one of the monohydroxylated isomers of biphenyl.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a white solid.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is more selective than other free phenols but does produce phytotoxic effects.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is more selective than other free phenols butdoes produce phytotoxic effects.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a light lavender crystals or solid.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is insoluble in water.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is easily soluble in sodium hydroxide solution, ethanol, acetone and other organic solvents, slightly soluble in water.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is an organic chemical that is a white, buff, crystalline (sand-like) solid.


In terms of structure, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is one of the monohydroxylated isomers of biphenyl.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a white solid.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) has a role as an environmental food contaminant and an antifungal agrochemical.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) derives from a hydride of a biphenyl.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a broad-spectrum fungicide used to protect crops in storage.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is highly soluble in water, moderately volatile but is not expected to be persistent in the environment.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a broad spectrum fungicide used to protect crops in storage.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is highly soluble in water, moderately voatile but is not expected to be persistent in the environment.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL (OPP):
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a widely used chemical in the industrial sector that is known for its antimicrobial properties.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a phenolic compound produced through the condensation of phenol and formaldehyde and is commonly used as a preservative in a variety of applications, including wood preservation, cosmetics and personal care products, textiles, paints and coatings, adhesives, and agricultural products.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is effective at preventing the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms, making it a popular choice for companies looking to ensure the safety and quality of their products.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used for strong sterilization function, as preservative for wood, leather, paper, fruits, vegetables and meat.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can be used for hydrophobic synthetic fiber, such as the carrier of chloroprene and dacron carrier dyeing method and the dye intermediate; Or plastic heat stabilizer, surfactant, etc.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is mainly used to prepare oil-soluble o-phenylphenol formaldehyde resin in industry.


This resin, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP), is used in varnishes with excellent water and alkali stability.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used as a reagent for the analysis and detection of sugar in bioanalytical chemistry.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can also be used in the rubber industry as additives, photographic chemicals.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used for strong bactericidal function, used as wood, leather, paper, as well as preservative preservation of fruits and vegetables, meat preservation.
Wood preservation: Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is commonly used to protect wooden structures such as bridges, poles, and buildings from decay caused by fungi and insects.


Cosmetics and personal care products: Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as a preservative in creams, lotions, shampoos, and other similar products to help keep them fresh and free of harmful microorganisms.
Textiles: Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used in the textile industry to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi on fabric.


Paints and coatings: Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is added to paint and coatings to prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria on surfaces.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as a hydrophobic synthetic fiber polyvinyl chloride, polyester and other carriers using carrier staining method, surfactants, bactericidal preservatives, dyes intermediates.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used for strong sterilization function, as preservative for wood, leather, paper, fruits, vegetables and meat.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can be used for hydrophobic synthetic fiber, such as the carrier of chloroprene and dacron carrier dyeing method and the dye intermediate; Or plastic heat stabilizer, surfactant, etc.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is mainly used to prepare oil-soluble o-phenylphenol formaldehyde resin in industry.
This resin is used in varnishes with excellent water and alkali stability.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used as a reagent for the analysis and detection of sugar in bioanalytical chemistry.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used to make dye stuffs and rubber chemicals, but used primarily as a disinfectant cleaner.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used in the manufacture of plastics, resins, rubber, as Agricultural chemical, in making fungicides.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as an intermediate in making dye stuffs and rubber chemicals; a germicide.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used in food packaging.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a chemical used as a microbicide to control bacteria and viruses, to sanitize fruits, vegetables and eggs, and as a surface disinfectant in hospitals, animal farms, and commercial environments.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used for strong bactericidal function,
used as wood, leather, paper, as well as preservative preservation of fruits and vegetables, meat preservation.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can also be used in the rubber industry as additives, photographic chemicals.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as a hydrophobic synthetic fiber polyvinyl chloride, polyester and other carriers using carrier staining method, surfactants, bactericidal preservatives, dyes intermediates.
Adhesives: Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as a preservative in adhesives to prevent the growth of microorganisms and to maintain their effectiveness over time.


Agricultural products: Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used in agricultural products such as pesticides and herbicides to prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria.
Food preservation: Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as a preservative in some food products, such as fruit juices and syrups, to prevent the growth of microorganisms.


Pharmaceuticals: Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can also be used as a preservative in topical medications or creams as well.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) has high activity and has a broad-spectrum sterilization and mold-removing ability.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a good preservative and can be used for anti-mildew preservation of fruits and vegetables.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) and its sodium salt can also be used to produce disinfectants and preservatives for fibers and other materials (wood, fabric, paper, adhesives and leather).
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used for post-harvest preservation of entire citrus fruits.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used for the manufacture of halogen-free flame retardants for epoxy resins and as functional monomers for optical applications.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is mainly used industrially for the preparation of oil-soluble o-phenylphenol formaldehyde resin to produce a varnish excellent in water and alkali stability.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used preservative for the leather industry.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as antiseptic, printing and dyeing auxiliaries and surfactants, stabilizer and flame retardant for synthesis of new plastics, resins and polymers.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used fluorometric determination of carbohydrate reagents.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is widely used in printing and dyeing auxiliaries and surfactants, synthesis of new plastics, resins and polymers stabilizer and flame retardant and other fields.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a widely used organic chemical product, which is widely used in the fields of sterilization and anticorrosion, printing and dyeing auxiliaries and surfactants, synthesis of new plastics, stabilizers and flame retardants of resins and polymer materials.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used broad-spectrum of activity covering bacteria, yeasts, fungi and enveloped viruses.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used for the formulation of all-purpose disinfectants and disinfectant liquid soaps.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used for the preservation of aqueous products such as glues, adhesive dispersions, concrete additives, filler suspensions, pigment slurries and textile print thickeners.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a kind of organic chemical product with a wide range of uses, which is widely used in the fields of sterilization and corrosion prevention, printing and dyeing auxiliaries and surfactants, and the stabilizer and flame retardant of synthetic new plastics, resins and polymer materials.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used active ingredient for disinfectants for use in hospitals, doctor’s offices, industry, institutions, stables and sheds.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) and its sodium salt have a broad spectrum of sterilization and mildew removal ability, and low toxicity and tasteless, is a better preservative, can be used for the mildew preservation of fruits and vegetables, especially suitable for the mildew prevention of citrus, can also be used to treat lemon, pineapple, pear, peach, tomato, cucumber, can make the decay to a minimum.


In foreign countries, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) and its sodium salt have been widely used in the storage of fruits, vegetables, and meat for anti-corrosion and anti-mold, and have a wide range of uses.
Textiles: Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) may be used in textile material production as a dye carrier, especially for synthetic fibers.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a agriculture fungicide and is no longer used as a food additive.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a deoxyribonuclease (DNase) inhibitor with high herbicidal activity, high-efficiency and broad-spectrum sterilization, anti-mildew, disinfection and anti-corrosion capabilities, and low toxicity and tasteless.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is generally used as a post-harvest fungicide for citrus fruits.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as well as disinfectants and anti-mold agents for fibers, protein materials and other materials (wood, fabrics, paper, adhesives and leather, etc.).


When the concentration is 0.005% ~ 0.006%, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) shows a very good bactericidal effect, which is many times greater than that of the lower esters of benzoic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used for the protection of textiles and timber and as a fungistat in water-soluble paints.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is remarkably versatile organic chemical products, widely used antiseptic, auxiliaries and surfactant synthesis of new plastics, resins and polymer materials in areas such as stabilizers and flame retardants.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used Fungicide, Disinfectant, Microbiocide.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used for the post-harvest control of storage diseases of apples, citrus fruit, stone fruit, tomatoes, cucumbers and other vegetables.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used to make fungicides.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used Adhesives & Glues,Biocide,Construction Material & Concrete additives, Cosmetics, Carrier / Printing Thickener, Dyes, Flame Retardants, Fungicidal treatments in construction material, Textile Auxiliaries,Treatment of Bitumen Isolation coverings,Plastic additives such as heat stabilizers,Preservation for Whole Citrus Fruits,Rubber chemicals,Wood Preservatives.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as a dye intermediate, germicide, fungicide, disinfectant, and plasticizer; to manufacture rubber chemicals; in food packaging; as a preservative in water-oil emulsions; antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as an antimicrobial additive in the manufacture of metalworking fluids, leather, adhesives, and textiles.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) has a strong bactericidal function, used as wood, leather, paper preservative and fruit and vegetable meat storage preservative.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used in the production of flame retardants, preservatives, dye carriers, surfactants, dye intermediates, cosmetics and for the production of advanced explosives.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as a carrier, surfactant, antiseptic and dye intermediate for hydrophobic synthetic fibers such as chlorinated polyamide and polyester.
In Japan, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) and its sodium salt are used for the fungicide of citrus.


In the wax mixed with 0.8% of the goods, the use of spray method in the citrus after harvest, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can also be used with biphenyl, rot blue to a minimum.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is approved for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: human hygiene, disinfection, veterinary hygiene, food and animals feeds, product preservation, preservation for working / cutting fluids.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is being reviewed for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: preservation of fibres, leather, rubber, or polymers, preservation for construction materials.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used in the following areas: health services.
Both have been used in agriculture to control fungal and bacterial growth on stored crops, such as fruits and vegetables.
SOPP is applied topically to the crop and then rinsed off, leaving the chemical residue, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP).


Most agricultural food applications have been revoked, but Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) and SOPP are still used on pears and citrus.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is still used as a disinfectant fungicide for industrial applications, on ornamental plants and turfs, in paints, and as a wood preservative.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is volatile and has limited water solubility, whereas SOPP is not volatile and is more water soluble.
Both chemicals degrade within hours to weeks in the environment.
In the past, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) was used in home sanitizers for surfaces.


Leathers: Due to its preservative properties, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as an auxiliary to protect leather through various production stages, from hide to finished good.
Other release to the environment of Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid.


Release to the environment of Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.


Release to the environment of Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and for thermoplastic manufacture.
The primary use of Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is as an agricultural fungicide.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used for disinfection of seed boxes.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a general surface disinfectant, used in households, hospitals, nursing homes, farms, laundries, barber shops, and food processing plants.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can be used on fibers and other materials.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used to disinfect hospital and veterinary equipment.
Other uses of Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) are in rubber industry and as a laboratory reagent.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used in the manufacture of other fungicides, dye stuffs, resins and rubber chemicals.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used for disinfection of seed boxes.
Cosmetic Uses of Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP):preservatives


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a fungicide used for waxing citrus fruits.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is no longer a permitted food additive in the European Union, but is still allowed as a post-harvest treatment in 4 EU countries.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used for disinfection of seed boxes.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a general surface disinfectant, used in households, hospitals, nursing homes, farms, laundries, barber shops, and food processing plants.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can be used on fibers and other materials.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used to disinfect hospital and veterinary equipment.
Other uses of Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) are in rubber industry and as a laboratory reagent.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used in the manufacture of other fungicides, dye stuffs, resins and rubber chemicals.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is generally applied post-harvest.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used for post-harvest control of storage disease in apples, citrus fruit, stone fruit, tomatoes, cucumber and peppers through the use of impregnated wrapping materials or by direct application in a wax.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a general surface disinfectant, used in households, hospitals, nursing homes, farms, laundries, barber shops, and food processing plants.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can be used on fibres and other materials.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used to disinfect hospital and veterinary equipment.
Other uses of Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) are in the rubber industry and as a laboratory reagent.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used in the manufacture of other fungicides, dyestuff, resins and rubber chemicals.


Leathers: Due to its preservative properties, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as an auxiliary to protect leather through various production stages, from hide to finished good
Textiles: Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) may be used in textile material production as a dye carrier, especially for synthetic fibers.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used in food seasonings.
Inhibitory to a wider range of moulds than Biphenyl HMJ12-A.
The practical way of treatment is to immerse citrus fruit in an alkaline aqueous solution of the parent compound or its Na salt.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) belongs to the family of Biphenyls and Derivatives.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is found in low concentrations in some household products such as spray disinfectants and aerosol or spray underarm deodorants.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used as a fungicide in food packaging and may migrate into the contents.


These are organic compounds containing to benzene rings linked together by a C-C bond.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) and its water-soluble salt, sodium ortho-phenylphenate (SOPP), are antimicrobial agents used as bacteriostats, fungicides, and sanitizers.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also a commonly used preservative in cosmetics (the dosage is generally 0.05% ~ 0.25%) .
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can be used for hydrophobic synthetic fibers, such as the carrier and dye intermediate of polyvinyl chloride and polyester carrier dyeing method; it can also be used as heat stabilizer and surfactant for plastics.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is mainly used in the industry to prepare oil-soluble o-phenylphenol formaldehyde resin.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is the starting material for clear coats with excellent water and alkali stability.


Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used as a triose analysis and detection reagent in bioanalytical chemistry; in addition, this product can also be used as an auxiliary agent in the rubber industry and photographic chemicals.


Strong bactericidal function, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is used as wood, leather, paper preservative and fruit and vegetable meat storage preservative.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also used in the production of flame retardants, preservatives, dye carriers, surfactants, dye intermediates, cosmetics and for the production of advanced explosives.



PREPARATION METHOD OF ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL (OPP):
using cyclohexanone route to prepare Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP), namely, using cyclohexanone as raw material, condensation dehydration under acid catalysis to obtain the dimerization Intermediate 2-(1-cyclohexenyl) cyclohexanone and 2-ring hexylene cyclohexanone, O-Phenylphenol was synthesized by dehydrogenation.
a mixture of Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) and p-Phenylphenol is obtained from the by-product of phenol production by sulfonation method.

The mixture is heated and dissolved in trichloroethylene, and the crystals of p-Phenylphenol are precipitated by cooling, and then centrifuged and filtered, the solid was dried to give P-Phenylphenol.
The mother liquor was washed with sodium carbonate solution, neutralized with dilute sodium hydroxide and acidified to obtain Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP).



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP):
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) react as a weak organic acid.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) exothermically neutralizes bases.

Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) may react with strong reducing substances such as hydrides, nitrides, alkali metals, and sulfides to generate flammable gas (H2) and the heat of the reaction may ignite the gas.

Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is sulfonated very readily (for example, by concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature) in exothermic reactions.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) may be nitrated very rapidly.
Nitrated phenols often explode when heated and also form metal salts that tend toward detonation by rather mild shock.

Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can react with oxidizing agents .
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is non flammable.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP):
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is a white to buff-colored crystalline solid with a distinct odor.
When heated to decomposition, Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.



PREPARATION OF Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP):
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is prepared by condensation of cyclohexanone to give cyclohexenylcyclohexanone.
The latter undergoes dehydrogenation to give Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP).



PRODUCTION METHODS OF Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP):
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is produced as a by-product in the manufacture of diphenyl oxide or by aldol condensation of hexazinone.



PREPARATION OF Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP):
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) can be recovered from the distillation residue of the process of phenol production via sulfonation.
The phenol distillation residue contains about 40% of phenyl phenol with the other components including phenol, inorganic salts, water and so on.
After vacuum distillation, the mixed Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) fraction is separated out with the vacuum being 53.3-66.7kPa.

The temperature, started to be cut at 65-75 ℃ to until 100 ℃ above, but should not higher than 1345 ℃.
Then take advantage of the solubility difference of ortho, p-hydroxy biphenyl in the trichlorethylene, the two are separated into pure product.

The mixed material (mainly Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) and 4-hydroxy biphenyl) is heated to be dissolved in the trichlorethylene, after cooling, first precipitate out 4-hydroxy biphenyl crystal.

After centrifuge filtration, dry to obtain 4-hydroxy biphenyl.
The mother liquor was washed with a sodium carbonate solution, followed by dilute alkaline to make the 2-hydroxybiphenyl salt.

After standing stratification, take the upper 2-hydroxybiphenyl sodium salt for dehydration under reduced pressure, namely, sodium salt products.
The 2-hydroxybiphenylsodium salt is white to light red powder, being easily soluble in water with the solubility in 100g of water being 122g.

The pH value of the 2% aqueous solution is 11.1-12.2.
Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) is also easily soluble in acetone, methanol, soluble in glycerol, but insoluble in oil.
The sodium salt of Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP), after acidification, can lead to the formation of Ortho-Phenylphenol (OPP) with both of them being food additives.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL (OPP):
CAS Number: 90-43-7
Appearance: White solid, White Crystalline Flakes
Water: 38 mg |-1 at 25 C
Melting point: 56 58 C
Boiling point: 152 154 C at 15mm Hg
Molecular weight: 170.21 g/mol
Flash point: 124 C
Vap.pr.: 15.2 mbar at 163 C
CAS: 90-43-7
EINECS: 201-993-5
InChIKey: LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula: C12H10O
Molar Mass: 170.21
Density: 1.21

Melting Point: 57-59°C(lit.)
Boling Point: 282°C(lit.)
Flash Point: 255°F
JECFA Number: 735
Water Solubility: 0.7 g/L (20 ºC)
Solubility: Soluble in ethanol, acetone, benzene,sodium hydroxide,
chloroform, acetonitrile, toluene, hexane, ligroin, ethyl ether, pyridine,
ethylene glycol, isopropanol, glycol ethers and polyglycols.
Vapor Presure: 7 mm Hg ( 140 °C)
Appearance: Crystalline Flakes
Color: White
Merck: 14,7304
BRN: 606907
pKa: 10.01(at 25℃)
PH: 7 (0.1g/l, H2O, 20℃)

Storage Condition: Store below +30°C.
Stability: Stable.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Explosive Limit: 1.4-9.5%(V)
Refractive Index: 1.6188 (estimate)
Physical and Chemical Properties:
Melting Point: 57 °c
Boiling Point: 282 ℃
density: 1.213
flash point: 123 ℃
water-soluble:<0.01g/100 mL at 20.5 C

Appearance: bright purple crystals
Appearance: white powder or flake
Assay: 99.5%min
Water: 0.1%max
2-Cyclohexylphenol 0.8% max
Diphenylene oxide : 0.2% max
Sulfate 150 ppm max
melting point : 56-58°C
cas no : 90-43-7
formula : C12H10O
Molar mass : 170.21 g/mol
Density : 1.293 g/cm3
Melting point : 55.5°c

Chemical formula: C12H10O
Molar mass: 170.211 g•mol−1
Density: 1.293 g/cm3
Melting point: 55.5 to 57.5 °C (131.9 to 135.5 °F; 328.6 to 330.6 K)
Boiling point: 280 to 284 °C (536 to 543 °F; 553 to 557 K)
Molecular Weight: 170.21 g/mol
XLogP3: 3.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 170.073164938 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 170.073164938 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.2Ų

Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 149
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: solid
Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 57 - 59 °C - lit.

Initial boiling point and boiling range: 282 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 9,5 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 1,4 %(V)
Flash point: 124 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 0,53 g/l at 20 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:

log Pow: 3,18 at 22,5 °C - Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Vapor pressure: 9 hPa at 140 °C
Density: 1,21 g/cm3 at 25 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information:
Surface tension: 58,72 mN/m at 20,1 °C
Dissociation constant: 9,5 at 20 °C
Melting point: 57-59 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 282 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.21

vapor pressure: 7 mm Hg ( 140 °C)
refractive index: 1.6188 (estimate)
FEMA: 3959 | 2-PHENYLPHENOL
Flash point: 255 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: Soluble in ethanol, acetone, benzene,sodium hydroxide,
chloroform, acetonitrile, toluene, hexane, ligroin, ethyl ether,
pyridine, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, glycol ethers and polyglycols.
form: Crystalline Flakes
pka: 10.01(at 25℃)
color: White
Odor: nearly wh. or lt. buff crystals, mild char. sweetish odor
PH: 7 (0.1g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit: 1.4-9.5%(V)

Water Solubility: 0.7 g/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,7304
JECFA Number: 735
BRN: 606907
Stability: Stable.
InChIKey: LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 3.18 at 22.5℃
Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): O-PHENYLPHENOL
FDA 21 CFR: 175.105
CAS DataBase Reference: 90-43-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 6-9
FDA UNII: D343Z75HT8
ATC code: D08AE06
Proposition 65 List: o-Phenylphenol
NIST Chemistry Reference: o-Hydroxybiphenyl(90-43-7)
EPA Substance Registry System: 2-Phenylphenol (90-43-7)
Appearance: white to pale purple crystalline powder (est)

Assay: 99.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 57.00 to 59.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 282.00 to 285.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.002020 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 255.00 °F. TCC ( 123.89 °C. )
logP (o/w): 3.090
Shelf Life: 24.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly.
Storage: store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light.
Soluble in: alcohol
water, 535.8 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
water, 700 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Insoluble in: water
CAS Registry Number: 90-43-7
Classification: Biphenyls and derivatives
Formula: C12H10O
InChI: InChI=1S/C12H10O/c13-12-9-5-4-8-11(12)10-6-2-1-3-7-10/h1-9,13H
InChIKey: LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SPLASH: splash10-00xu-3900000000-cc61f48538e181b24290



FIRST AID MEASURES of ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL (OPP):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL (OPP):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL (OPP):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL (OPP):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL (OPP):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL (OPP):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .



ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL (OPP, OR 2-PHENYLPHENOL)
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has a molecular structure where a phenolic ring is attached to another phenolic ring through an oxygen bridge.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used for various purposes, including as a disinfectant, fungicide, and bactericide.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has antimicrobial properties, and these characteristics make it suitable for applications in the preservation of certain products.

CAS Number: 90-43-7
Molecular Formula: C12H10O
Molecular Weight: 170.21
EINECS Number: 201-993-5

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), 2-Hydroxybiphenyl, 90-43-7, O-PHENYLPHENOL, Biphenyl-2-ol, 2-Biphenylol, o-Hydroxybiphenyl, 2-Hydroxydiphenyl, o-Hydroxydiphenyl, Biphenylol, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), Phenylphenol, Orthophenylphenol, Orthoxenol, o-Diphenylol, [1,1'-Biphenyl]-2-ol, Dowicide 1, Torsite, o-Xenol, o-Biphenylol, Preventol O extra, Orthohydroxydiphenyl, Nectryl, (1,1'-Biphenyl)-2-ol, Tumescal OPE, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), Remol TRF, Phenol, o-phenyl-, Tetrosin oe, 1-Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene, 2-Fenylfenol, 2-Hydroxybifenyl, o-Xonal, 2-Phenyl phenol, Biphenyl, 2-hydroxy-, Invalon OP, Anthrapole 73, 2-hydroxy biphenyl, Usaf ek-2219, 1,1'-Biphenyl-2-ol, Dowicide, Kiwi lustr 277, Hydroxdiphenyl, (1,1-Biphenyl)-2-ol, o-Phenylphenol, cosmetic grade, Dowicide 1 antimicrobial, Orthophenyl phenol, orthohydroxydipbenyl, NCI-C50351, Hydroxy-2-phenylbenzene, Nipacide OPP, NSC 1548, 2-Hydroxy-1,1'-biphenyl, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol)-d5, CHEMBL108829, DTXSID2021151, CHEBI:17043, D343Z75HT8, NSC-1548, Dowicide A, E231, o-phenylphenate, Phenyl-2 phenol, ortho-phenylphenate, Biphenyl-2-o1, DTXCID201151, Hydroxybiphenyl, 2-Fenylfenol [Czech], Caswell No. 623AA, 2-Hydroxybifenyl [Czech], CAS-90-43-7, OPP [pesticide], Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) [BSI:ISO], CCRIS 1388, Phenyl-2 phenol [ISO-French], 64420-98-0, HSDB 1753, EINECS 201-993-5, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 064103, BRN 0606907, Stellisept, Manusept, Rotoline, UNII-D343Z75HT8, o-phenyl-phenol, AI3-00062, 2-phenyl-phenol, Tetrosin OE-N, Amocid (TN), MFCD00002208, Preventol 3041, ORTOFENILFENOL, Phenylphenol (ortho-), Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), 99%, OPP?, PHENYLPHENOL, O-, WLN: QR BR, ORTHO PHENYL PHENOL, EC 201-993-5, O-PHENYLPHENOL [MI], Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), BSI, ISO, SCHEMBL29811, 4-06-00-04579 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), MLS002415765, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) [ISO], BIDD:ER0664, O-PHENYLPHENOL [INCI], [1,1''-biphenyl]-2-ol, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) [FHFI], Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) [HSDB], FEMA 3959, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), >=99%, FG, NSC1548, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) [IARC], ORTHOPHENYLPHENOL [MART.], ORTHOPHENYLPHENOL [WHO-DD], AMY40390, STR07240, Tox21_202415, Tox21_300674, BDBM50308551, ORTHOPHENYL PHENOL (E 231), AKOS000118750, PS-8698, NCGC00091595-01, NCGC00091595-02, NCGC00091595-03, NCGC00091595-04, NCGC00091595-05, NCGC00091595-06, NCGC00254582-01, NCGC00259964-01, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) 100 microg/mL in Acetone, AC-10362, SMR000778031, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) 1000 microg/mL in Acetone, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, BB 0223993, FT-0654846, P0200, 1,1'-BIPHENYL-2-OL; Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), EN300-19380, C02499, D08367, E79453, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), PESTANAL(R), analytical standard, Q209467, SR-01000944520, SR-01000944520-1, W-100332, F0001-2206, Z104473674, InChI=1/C12H10O/c13-12-9-5-4-8-11(12)10-6-2-1-3-7-10/h1-9,13, CH9.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) exhibits antimicrobial activity, particularly against bacteria and fungi.
This property has led to its use in agricultural settings, food processing, and as a preservative in some consumer products.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is applied topically to the crop and then rinsed off, leaving the chemical residue, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol).

Most agricultural food applications have been revoked, but Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) and SOPP are still used on pears and citrus (U.S.EPA, 2006).
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is still used as a disinfectant fungicide for industrial applications, on ornamental plants and turfs, in paints, and as a wood preservative.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is a member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is generally used as a post-harvest fungicide for citrus fruits.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has a role as an environmental food contaminant and an antifungal agrochemical.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) derives from a hydride of a biphenyl.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), also known by its IUPAC name 2-phenylphenol, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C12H10O.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) inhibits the growth of fungi and bacteria.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has a moderate to low toxicity to biodiversity.
The "O-" prefix indicates the position of the phenolic hydroxyl group on the benzene ring.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has a low oral mammalian toxicity, a neurotoxin and is a recognised irritant.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is effective at concentrations as low as 0.05% by weight.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is an ingredient in Lysol® and has been used as a fungicides in Starch, Glue, and Polyvinyl acetate emulsions.
Dilute solutions have also been used for removing lichens from Granite.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), the sodium salt of orthOrtho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), is more soluble.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) and sodium ortho-phenylphenate (NaOPP) are pesticides used commercially in the food industry that have been shown to be carcinogenic to rat urothelium.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) and its water-soluble salt, sodium ortho-phenylphenate (SOPP), are antimicrobial agents used as bacteriostats, fungicides, and sanitizers.

Both have been used in agriculture to control fungal and bacterial growth on stored crops, such as fruits and vegetables.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) consists of two phenol groups connected by an oxygen atom.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenols and is specifically classified as a bisphenol.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is highly soluble in water, moderately volatile but is not expected to be persistent in the environment.
Many brands and several voluntary standards limit concentrations of OPP in finished goods, especially in textile articles since there are known safer dye carrier alternatives.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is also known by other names, including phenylphenol, and 2-phenyl phenol.

The chemical formula for Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is C₆H₅C₆H₄OH.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is a broad spectrum fungicide used to protect crops in storage.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is more selective than other free phenols but does produce phytotoxic effects.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), or o-phenylphenol, is an organic compound.
In terms of structure, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is one of the monohydroxylated isomers of biphenyl.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is a white solid.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is a biocide used as a preservative with E number E231 and under the trade names Dowicide, Torsite, Fungal, Preventol, Nipacide and many others.
When heated to decomposition, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
In leather, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is still a preferred preservative for use during wet blue production, but it should be carefully controlled to minimize final concentrations.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been found to cause skin changes (discoloration) and irritation to the mucous membranes.
In the past, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) was used in home sanitizers for surfaces.
This property makes it effective against a range of bacteria and fungi.

In the past, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a surface disinfectant in the food industry, particularly for the treatment of fruits and vegetables to prevent spoilage and decay during storage and transportation.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been employed as a post-harvest treatment for fruits and vegetables to extend their shelf life by inhibiting the growth of fungi and bacteria.
There have been concerns about the potential health effects of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), and regulatory agencies have set limits on its use in certain products.

Long-term exposure or exposure at high concentrations may pose health risks, and safety guidelines should be followed.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is efficiently absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and through the skin, and is eliminated rapidly from the body as OPP glucuronide and sulfate conjugates (Bartels et al., 1998; Cnubben et al. 2002; Timchalk et al., 1998).
Available evidence suggests that Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) does not accumulate in the body; however, small amounts of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) have been measured in human adipose tissue.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) can be synthesized through various methods, including the reaction of phenol with benzene in the presence of catalysts.
The chemical structure of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) consists of a phenolic ring (phenol) with an additional phenyl group attached to the ortho position, hence the name Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol).
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) exhibits antimicrobial properties by disrupting the cell membranes of microorganisms, leading to their inactivation.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is a broad-spectrum fungicide used to protect crops in storage.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been employed as a preservative in agriculture, particularly for the protection of seeds and crops.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) helps prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria that could otherwise damage agricultural products.

In the food industry, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a preservative on certain fruits and vegetables.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) helps extend the shelf life of produce by inhibiting the growth of spoilage microorganisms.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been incorporated into certain disinfectants and cleaning products due to its antimicrobial properties.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) contributes to the formulation of products designed to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi on surfaces.
The use of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) in certain applications, especially in the food industry, is subject to regulatory oversight.
Regulatory authorities establish acceptable levels and guidelines to ensure the safety of consumers and the environment.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used in various applications, there have been discussions about its potential health and environmental concerns.
As with any chemical, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is important to follow recommended guidelines and regulations for safe use.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is highly soluble in water, moderately voatile but is not expected to be persistent in the environment.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been incorporated into certain disinfectant and cleaner formulations for its antimicrobial properties, contributing to the efficacy of these products.
In the preservation of cultural heritage artifacts, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a fungicide to protect items susceptible to fungal deterioration.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been employed as an additive in paint and coating formulations to inhibit the growth of fungi and algae on painted surfaces.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been utilized in certain analytical chemistry techniques.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) may be employed in analytical methods for the determination of various substances.
In water treatment processes, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as an antimicrobial agent to control the growth of microorganisms in water systems.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is a synthetic organic compound that belongs to the class of phenols.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is a white to buff-colored crystalline solid with a distinct odor.
In agriculture, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a fungicide to protect crops from various fungal diseases.

The synthesis of certain dyes may involve Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) as a starting material or intermediate in chemical processes.
Ongoing scientific studies focus on understanding the environmental fate, health impacts, and potential alternatives to Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), contributing to advancements in sustainable and safe practices.
Regulatory agencies conduct risk assessments to evaluate the potential risks associated with the use of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) in various applications.

This information informs regulatory decisions and guidelines.
Regulations regarding the use of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) can vary globally.
Different countries may have specific regulations or restrictions on its use in various products.

The primary use of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is as an agricultural fungicide.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is generally applied post-harvest.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is a fungicide used for waxing citrus fruits.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is no longer a permitted food additive in the European Union, but is still allowed as a post-harvest treatment in 4 EU countries.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) helps prevent the growth of fungi on plants, preserving the quality of crops.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) react as a weak organic acid.

May react with strong reducing substances such as hydrides, nitrides, alkali metals, and sulfides to generate flammable gas (H2) and the heat of the reaction may ignite the gas.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is sulfonated very readily (for example, by concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature) in exothermic reactions.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been applied to protect wooden structures, furniture, and utility poles from decay caused by fungi and other microorganisms.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) can persist in the environment, and its residues may be detected in soil and water.
This persistence raises environmental considerations and has led to regulatory scrutiny in some regions.

Due to health and environmental concerns, the use of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has decreased in certain applications.
In response, industries have sought alternative preservatives and antimicrobial agents.
Ongoing research and development efforts are aimed at finding effective and safer alternatives to Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), especially in areas where its use is restricted.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is volatile and has limited water solubility, whereas SOPP is not volatile and is more water soluble.
General population exposure can occur via dermal, inhalational, or oral routes from residential use and by ingesting treated food or food that was in contact with treated surfaces or equipment.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) was detected in 40 of 60 different canned beers at concentrations in the low parts per billion.
Estimated human intakes have been below recommended intake limits.

Melting point: 57-59 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 282 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.21
vapor pressure: 7 mm Hg ( 140 °C)
refractive index: 1.6188 (estimate)
FEMA: 3959 | Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol)
Flash point: 255 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: Soluble in ethanol, acetone, benzene,sodium hydroxide, chloroform, acetonitrile, toluene, hexane, ligroin, ethyl ether, pyridine, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, glycol ethers and polyglycols.
form: Crystalline Flakes
pka: 10.01(at 25℃)
color: White
Odor: nearly wh. or lt. buff crystals, mild char. sweetish odor
PH: 7 (0.1g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit 1.4-9.5%(V)
Water Solubility: 0.7 g/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,7304
JECFA Number: 735
BRN: 606907
LogP: 3.18 at 22.5℃

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is found in low concentrations in some household products such as spray disinfectants and aerosol or spray underarm deodorants.
The sodium salt of orthophenyl phenol, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), is a preservative, used to treat the surface of citrus fruits.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has found applications in various industrial processes where antimicrobial or preservative properties are desirable.

In healthcare settings, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a surface disinfectant to maintain a hygienic environment.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is readily degraded in surface waters and municipal waste mixtures, and the degradation is biologically mediated.
Historically, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used in the production of certain photographic chemicals.

Some studies have explored the antiviral properties of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), though research in this area is ongoing.
While its use has diminished in certain consumer products, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) may still be present in some formulations, depending on regional regulations and product.
In healthcare settings, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a surface disinfectant in hospitals and clinics to help control the spread of infections.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been employed as a mold inhibitor in certain building materials to prevent the growth of mold and mildew.
In river water, radiolabelled 2- phenylphenol at concentrations ranging from 1.2 to 120 μg/litre was degraded to about 50% of the initial concentration in 1 week.
The addition of mercuric chloride to inhibit biological activity reduced the decrease to only 10% after 30 days.

In activated sludge, radiolabelled Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) at 9.6 mg/litre was degraded to 50% of the initial concentration in 24 h.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) therefore meets the criteria to be classified as readily biodegradable (FAO/WHO, 1999).
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is prepared by condensation of cyclohexanone to give cyclohexenylcyclohexanone.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) can be involved in the production of certain thermosetting resins used in various industrial applications.
In aquaculture, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been explored for its potential role in controlling microbial contamination in water systems.

Preparation:
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) can be recovered from the distillation residue of the process of phenol production via sulfonation.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is also easily soluble in acetone, methanol, soluble in glycerol, but insoluble in oil.

The sodium salt of 2-hydroxy biphenyl, after acidification, can lead to the formation of 2-hydroxy biphenyl with both of them being food additives.
The phenol distillation residue contains about 40% of phenyl phenol with the other components including phenol, inorganic salts, water and so on.
After vacuum distillation, the mixed Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) fraction is separated out with the vacuum being 53.3-66.7kPa.

The latter undergoes dehydrogenation to give Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol).
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used in the packaging industry as a surface treatment for packaging materials to prevent the growth of microorganisms on surfaces that come into contact with food.
In addition to its use as a fungicide and antimicrobial agent, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been incorporated into certain biocidal products, contributing to their ability to control or eliminate harmful microorganisms.

In some formulations, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a component in waterproofing agents for textiles and other materials.
The temperature, started to be cut at 65-75 ℃ to until 100 ℃ above, but should not higher than 1345 ℃.
Then take advantage of the solubility difference of ortho, p-hydroxy biphenyl in the trichlorethylene, the two are separated into pure product.

The mixed material (mainly 2-hydroxy biphenyl and 4-hydroxy biphenyl) is heated to be dissolved in the trichlorethylene, after cooling, first precipitate out 4-hydroxy biphenyl crystal.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has found applications in the pulp and paper industry, where it can be used as a microbiological control agent.

In the conservation and preservation of historic artifacts, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) may be used in certain treatments to protect items from biological deterioration.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been considered for use in swimming pool water treatment to control microbial growth, although alternative chemicals are often preferred.

Uses:
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is used in the manufacture of plastics, resins, rubber, as Agricultural chemical, in making fungicides; as an intermediate in making dye stuffs and rubber chemicals; a germicide; used in food packaging.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is used for strong sterilization function, as preservative for wood, leather, paper, fruits, vegetables and meat.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is remarkably versatile organic chemical products, widely used antiseptic, auxiliaries and surfactant synthesis of new plastics, resins and polymer materials in areas such as stabilizers and flame retardants.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) can be used for hydrophobic synthetic fiber, such as the carrier of chloroprene and dacron carrier dyeing method and the dye intermediate; Or plastic heat stabilizer, surfactant, etc.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a surface disinfectant, particularly in healthcare settings and public spaces, to control the spread of bacteria and viruses.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) helps extend the shelf life of fruits and vegetables by preventing the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been included in the formulation of certain industrial and household disinfectants to provide antimicrobial properties.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a treatment to protect fabrics and leather from microbial degradation.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is also used for the protection of textiles and timber and as a fungistat in water-soluble paints.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) and its sodium (SOPP) salt have been used world-wide for decades as fungicides and disinfectants.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is used a hydrophobic synthetic fiber polyvinyl chloride, polyester and other carriers using carrier staining method, surfactants, bactericidal preservatives, dyes intermediates.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is also used for disinfection of seed boxes.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is a general surface disinfectant, used in households, hospitals, nursing homes, farms, laundries, barber shops, and food processing plants.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) can be used on fibers and other materials.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is used to disinfect hospital and veterinary equipment.
Other uses are in rubber industry and as a laboratory reagent.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is also used in the manufacture of other fungicides, dye stuffs, resins and rubber chemicals.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been involved in the production of certain photographic chemicals.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a preservative in some personal care products, such as soaps, deodorants, and lotions.
In addition to its fungicidal properties, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been utilized as a miticide to control mites in agricultural settings.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been involved in the production of certain thermosetting resins used in the manufacturing of molded products and coatings.
In the aquaculture industry, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been explored for its potential use in controlling microbial contamination in water systems used for fish farming.
In the oil and gas industry, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been investigated for its potential to mitigate bacterial growth in oil wells and related systems.

In controlled environments for biological research, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) may be used to prevent microbial contamination.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a surface treatment for certain building materials to prevent the growth of mold and mildew.
Some studies suggest that Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) may exhibit antioxidant properties, and it has been explored as an antioxidant in rubber products.

In the conservation of historic artifacts, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been considered for certain treatments to protect items from biological deterioration.
In agricultural practices, Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a fogging agent in greenhouses to control the spread of pathogens.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has found applications in various industrial processes where control of microorganisms is essential for production efficiency.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has high activity and has a broad-spectrum sterilization and mold-removing ability.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is a good preservative and can be used for anti-mildew preservation of fruits and vegetables.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is generally used as a hospital and household disinfectant, whereas SOPP is used as a fungicide, which post-harvest treatment of citrus fruits and vegatables for the prevention of mold.

Due to widespread use, including many consumer applications, the fate of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) in the mammalian organism has been the subject of numerous investigations over many years.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is mainly used to prepare oil-soluble o-phenylphenol formaldehyde resin in industry. This resin is used in varnishes with excellent water and alkali stability.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is also used as a reagent for the analysis and detection of sugar in bioanalytical chemistry.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) can also be used in the rubber industry as additives, photographic chemicals.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is not used on growing plants because it is too phytotoxic and there appears to be no information published on its metabolism in plants.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) and its sodium salt can also be used to produce disinfectants and preservatives for fibers and other materials (wood, fabric, paper, adhesives and leather).
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is mainly used industrially for the preparation of oil-soluble o-phenylphenol formaldehyde resin to produce a varnish excellent in water and alkali stability.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has applications as a fungicide in agriculture to protect crops from fungal infections.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a wood preservative to prevent decay and fungal growth in treated wood products.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used in the past as a preservative in some personal care products, such as soaps, deodorants, and lotions.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has also been used in certain industrial and household disinfectants and cleaning products.

The use of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is regulated by health and environmental authorities.
In some regions, its use in certain applications may be restricted or subject to specific concentration limits.
Exposure to high concentrations of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) can be harmful.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol)'s important to follow safety guidelines and regulations when handling products containing this compound.
The environmental impact of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), especially in terms of its persistence and potential for bioaccumulation, is a subject of concern.
Regulations may address its use and disposal to minimize environmental risks.

Due to regulatory and safety considerations, there has been a trend toward finding alternative preservatives, and some industries have moved away from the use of Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) in certain applications.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is used for strong sterilization function, as preservative for wood, leather, paper, fruits, vegetables and meat.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is used as antiseptic, printing and dyeing auxiliaries and surfactants, stabilizer and flame retardant for synthesis of new plastics, resins and polymers.

Fluorometric determination of carbohydrate reagents.
Widely used in printing and dyeing auxiliaries and surfactants, synthesis of new plastics, resins and polymers stabilizer and flame retardant and other fields.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is also used as the sodium and potassium salts where water solublity is important.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is used as a dye intermediate, germicide, fungicide, disinfectant, and plasticizer; to manufacture rubber chemicals; in food packaging; as a preservative in water-oil emulsions; antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics; [HSDB] Used as an antimicrobial additive in the manufacture of metalworking fluids, leather, adhesives, and textiles.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is known for its antimicrobial properties and has been used as a preservative and disinfectant in various products.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is used for strong bactericidal function, used as wood, leather, paper, as well as preservative preservation of fruits and vegetables, meat preservation.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is used for the post-harvest control of storage diseases of apples, citrus fruit, stone fruit, tomatoes, cucumbers and other vegetables.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) can be used for hydrophobic synthetic fiber, such as the carrier of chloroprene and dacron carrier dyeing method and the dye intermediate; Or plastic heat stabilizer, surfactant, etc.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is mainly used to prepare oil-soluble o-phenylphenol formaldehyde resin in industry.

This resin is used in varnishes with excellent water and alkali stability.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is also used as a reagent for the analysis and detection of sugar in bioanalytical chemistry.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) can also be used in the rubber industry as additives, photographic chemicals.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been used as a fungicide in agriculture to protect crops from fungal diseases.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) helps prevent the growth of molds and fungi on plants.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) has been employed as a wood preservative to prevent decay and inhibit the growth of fungi, molds, and insects in treated wood products.

Safety Profile:
Prolonged or repeated exposure to Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) may have adverse effects on health, and chronic exposure has been associated with certain health risks.
Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract upon contact or inhalation.
O-phenylphenol can cause irritation to the skin and eyes upon direct contact.

Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol) is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and goggles, to minimize the risk of skin and eye exposure.
This can result in redness, itching, and discomfort.
Some individuals may develop allergic reactions or sensitivities to Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP, or 2-phenylphenol), leading to symptoms such as skin rash or respiratory issues.


ORTHOPHOSPHORIC ACID
O-TOLYL BIGUANIDE, N° CAS : 93-69-6, Nom INCI : O-TOLYL BIGUANIDE. Nom chimique : 1-o-Tolylbiguanide. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 202-268-6. Ses fonctions (INCI), Antioxydant : Inhibe les réactions favorisées par l'oxygène, évitant ainsi l'oxydation et la rancidi
ORTHOPHOSPHOROUS ACID
Orthophosphorous acid, also known as phosphorous acid, is a moderately strong inorganic acid.
Orthophosphorous acid, or phosphorous acid, is a diprotic phosphorus oxoacid that exists as two tautomers while in solution.
Orthophosphorous acid is an intermediate in the preparation of other phosphorus compounds.

CAS Number: 13598-36-2
EC Number: 237-066-7
Molecular formula: H3O3P
Molar mass: 81.99 g/mol

Synonyms: Phosphonic acid, Phosphorous acid, Dihydroxyphosphine oxide, Dihydroxy(oxo)-λ5-phosphane, Dihydroxy-λ5-phosphanone, Orthophosphorous acid, Oxo-λ5-phosphanediol, Oxo-λ5-phosphonous acid, Metaphosphoroic acid

Orthophosphorous acid is the compound described by the formula H3PO3.
Orthophosphorous acid is diprotic (readily ionizes two protons), not triprotic as might be suggested by this formula.
Orthophosphorous acid is an intermediate in the preparation of other phosphorus compounds.

Organic derivatives of Orthophosphorous acid, compounds with the formula RPO3H2, are called Orthophosphorous acids.
The most important use of Orthophosphorous acid is the production of basic lead phosphite, which is a stabilizer in PVC and related chlorinated polymers.
Ferrous materials, including steel, may be somewhat protected by promoting oxidation ("rust") and then converting the oxidation to a metalophosphate by using phosphoric acid and further protected by surface coating.

Orthophosphorous acid, also known as phosphorous acid, is a moderately strong inorganic acid.
Orthophosphorous acid, or phosphorous acid, is a diprotic phosphorus oxoacid that exists as two tautomers while in solution.
Orthophosphorous acid is a pyridinyl biphosphonate bone resorption inhibitor.

Orthophosphorous acid which is also called Orthophosphorous acid is a colourless oxyacids of phosphorus.
Orthophosphorous acid is produced in the form of a white volatile powder by the slow combustion of phosphorus.

Orthophosphorous acid's salts are called phosphates.
Orthophosphorous acid is conveniently prepared by allowing phosphorous trichloride to react with water.

Uses of Orthophosphorous acid:
Orthophosphorous acid is used in the production of basic lead phosphonate PVC stabilizer, aminomethylene Orthophosphorous acid and hydroxyethane diOrthophosphorous acid.
Orthophosphorous acid is used as a strong reducing agent.

Orthophosphorous acid is used in the production of raw materials of phosphorous acid, synthetic fibres and organophosphorus pesticides etc.
Orthophosphorous acid is used in the production of high efficient water treatment agent amino trimethylene Orthophosphorous acid.

Orthophosphorous acid's industrial applications include use in the production of basic lead phosphite and controlling plant diseases.
The most important use of Orthophosphorous acid is the production of phosphites (phosphonates) which are used in water treatment.

Phosphites have shown effectiveness in controlling a variety of plant diseases, in particular, treatment using either trunk injection or foliar containing phosphorous acid salts is indicated in response to infections by phytophthora and pythium-type plant pathogens (both within class oomycetes, known as water molds), such as dieback/root rot and downy mildew.

Orthophosphorous acid is also used for preparing phosphite salts, such as potassium phosphite.
These salts, as well as aqueous solutions of pure Orthophosphorous acid, are fungicides.

Orthophosphorous acid is used primarily for the production of phosphonates and phosphate salts.
These derivatives are used in a number of antimicrobial applications.

In industrial synthesis PCl3 is sprayed into steam at 190oC the heat of reaction is used to distill off the hydrogen chloride and excess water vapour.
Orthophosphorous acid is used as a reagent in the synthesis of Risedronic Acid Sodium Salt.

Orthophosphorous acid is used in the production of basic lead phosphonate PVC stabilizer, aminomethylene Orthophosphorous acid and hydroxyethane diOrthophosphorous acid.
Orthophosphorous acid is also used as a strong reducing agent and in the production of phosphorous acid, synthetic fibres, organophosphorus pesticides, and the highly efficient water treatment agent ATMP.

Chemical Properties Of Orthophosphorous acid:
Orthophosphorous acid has strong reducing properties it tends to be converted to phosphoric acid.

On being heated dry Orthophosphorous acid disproportionates to give phosphine and phosphoric acid.
H3PO3 + 3H3PO3 → PH3 + 3H3PO4

Orthophosphorous acid reacts with a base like sodium hydroxide forms sodium phosphate and water.
H3PO3 + 3NaOH → Na3PO3 + 3H2O

Nomenclature And Tautomerism Of Orthophosphorous acid:
Solid HP(O)(OH)2 has tetrahedral geometry about the central phosphorus atom, with a P–H bond of 132 pm, one P=O double bond of 148 pm and two longer P–OH single bonds of 154 pm.
In common with other phosphorus oxides with P-H bonds (e.g.hypophosphorous acid and dialkyl phosphites), Orthophosphorous acid exists in equilibrium with an extremely minor tautomer P(OH)3. (In contrast, arsenous acid's major tautomer is the trihydroxy form.)

IUPAC recommends that P(OH)3 be called Orthophosphorous acid, whereas the dihydroxy form HP(O)(OH)2 is called Orthophosphorous acid.
Only the reduced phosphorus compounds are spelled with an "ous" ending.
PIII(OH)3 ⇌ HPV(O)(OH)2 K = 1010.3 (25°C, aqueous)

Preparation Of Orthophosphorous acid:

On an industrial scale, the acid is prepared by hydrolysis of phosphorus trichloride with water or steam:
PCl3 + 3 H2O → HPO(OH)2 + 3 HCl

HPO(OH)2 could be produced by the hydrolysis of phosphorus trioxide:
P4O6 + 6 H2O → 4 HPO(OH)2

Reactions Of Orthophosphorous acid:

Acid–base properties:
Phosphorous acid has a pKa in the range 1.26–1.3.
HP(O)(OH)2 → HP(O)2(OH)− + H+ pKa = 1.3

Orthophosphorous acid is a diprotic acid, the hydrogenphosphite ion, HP(O)2(OH)− is a weak acid:
HP(O)2(OH)− → HPO2−3 + H+ pKa = 6.7

The conjugate base HP(O)2(OH)− is called hydrogen phosphite, and the second conjugate base, HPO2−3, is the phosphite ion.
(Note that the IUPAC recommendations are hydrogen phosphonate and phosphonate respectively).

The hydrogen atom bonded directly to the phosphorus atom is not readily ionizable.
Chemistry examinations often test students' appreciation of the fact that not all three hydrogen atoms are acidic under aqueous conditions, in contrast with H3PO4.

Redox Properties Of Orthophosphorous acid:

On heating at 200 °C, Orthophosphorous acid disproportionates to phosphoric acid and phosphine:
4 H3PO3 → 3 H3PO4 + PH3

This reaction is used for laboratory-scale preparations of PH3.

Orthophosphorous acid slowly oxidizes in air to phosphoric acid.
Both Orthophosphorous acid and its deprotonated forms are good reducing agents, although not necessarily quick to react.
They are oxidized to phosphoric acid or its salts.

Orthophosphorous acid reduces solutions of noble metal cations to the metals.

When Orthophosphorous acid is treated with a cold solution of mercuric chloride, a white precipitate of mercurous chloride forms:
H3PO3 + 2 HgCl2 + H2O → Hg2Cl2 + H3PO4 + 2 HCl

Mercurous chloride is reduced further by Orthophosphorous acid to mercury on heating or on standing:
H3PO3 + Hg2Cl2 + H2O → 2 Hg + H3PO4 + 2 HCl

As A Ligand, Orthophosphorous acid:
Upon treatment with metals of d6 configuration, Orthophosphorous acid is known to coordinate as the otherwise rare P(OH)3 tautomer.
Examples include Mo(CO)5(P(OH)3) and [Ru(NH3)4(H2O)(P(OH)3)]2+.

Heating a mixture of potassium tetrachloroplatinate and Orthophosphorous acid gives the luminescent salt potassium diplatinum(II) tetrakispyrophosphite:
2 K2PtCl4 + 8 H3PO3 → K4[Pt2(HO2POPO2H)4] + 8 HCl + 4 H2O

Organic Derivatives Of Orthophosphorous acid:
The IUPAC (mostly organic) name is Orthophosphorous acid.
This nomenclature is commonly reserved for substituted derivatives, that is, organic group bonded to phosphorus, not simply an ester.
For example, (CH3)PO(OH)2 is "methylOrthophosphorous acid", which may of course form "methylphosphonate" esters.

Handling And Storage Of Orthophosphorous acid:

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Storage conditions:
No metal containers.
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Store under inert gas.
Air sensitive.

Stability And Reactivity Of Orthophosphorous acid:

Reactivity:
No data available

Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).

Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Conditions to avoid:
no information available

First Aid Measures of Orthophosphorous acid:

General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.

If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.

In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.

In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.

Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.

If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most), avoid vomiting (risk of perforation).

Call a physician immediately.
Do not attempt to neutralise.

Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

Fire Fighting Measures of Orthophosphorous acid:

Extinguishing media:

Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.

Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

Accidental Release Measures of Orthophosphorous acid:

Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

Exposure Controls/personal Protection of Orthophosphorous acid:

Personal protective equipment:

Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min

Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min

Body Protection:
protective clothing

Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

Identifiers of Orthophosphorous acid:
CAS Number: 13598-36-2
EC Number: 237-066-7
MDL number: MFCD00137258
EC Name: Orthophosphorous acid
Molecular formula: H3O3P

Properties of Orthophosphorous acid:
Chemical formula: H3PO3
Molar mass: 81.99 g/mol
Appearance: white solid deliquescent
Density: 1.651 g/cm3 (21 °C)
Melting point: 73.6 °C (164.5 °F; 346.8 K)
Boiling point: 200 °C (392 °F; 473 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water: 310 g/100 mL
Solubility: soluble in ethanol
Acidity (pKa): 1.1, 6.7
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −42.5·10−6 cm3/mol
Odour: Sour odour
Appearance: White solid, deliquescent
Covalently-Bonded Unit: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor: 3
Complexity: 8
Solubility: Soluble in water
Physical state flakes
Color: white
Odor: odorless
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 63 - 74 °C at 1.013 hPa

Initial boiling point and boiling range: 259 °C at 1.013 hPa
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: not auto-flammable
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: at 20 °C acidic
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: Not applicable for inorganic substances
Vapor pressure < 0,1 hPa at 20 °C
Density: 1,651 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: The product has been shown not to be oxidizing
Other safety information: No data available
OVERBASED CALCIUM SULFONATE (OBCS)
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is a type of detergent additive commonly used in lubricants, especially in the formulation of engine oils, marine oils, and industrial lubricants.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is known for its excellent detergent and dispersant properties, as well as its ability to neutralize acids and provide anti-wear protection.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) additives in oils are considered potentially critical in driving WEC formations, this ‘driving’ effect being unclear.

CAS Number: 68783-96-0
EINECS Number: 272-213-9

Synonyms: Sulfonic acids, petroleum, calcium salts, overbased, 68783-96-0, DTXSID7028809,EINECS 272-213-9, Petroleum sulfonate, calcium salt, calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate dispersion.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s have long been a widely used thickener for grease applications, but vehicle electrification has led to a dramatic rise in lithium demand in recent years.
Over the long term, grease manufacturers will face supply constraints as supply will be favoring battery manufacturers.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS), extreme pressure, multi-purpose, heavy duty OBCS grease containing unique polymers, anti-wear agents and tackifiers with inherent rust and oxidation resistance to provide the highest performance properties.

The film-forming and friction properties of Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) detergents in rolling–sliding, thin film, lubricated contact have been investigated.
All of the commercial detergents studied form thick, solid-like, calcium carbonate films on the rubbed surfaces, of thickness 100–150nm.
The films have a pad-like structure, interspersed by deep valleys in which practically no film is present.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) has been designed to lubricate under the most severe operating conditions in marine applications and because of its adhesive properties, it effectively stays in place.
In organic chemistry, Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) refers to a member of the class of organosulfur compounds with the general formula R−S(=O)2−OH, where R is an organic alkyl or aryl group and the S(=O)2(OH) group a sulfonyl hydroxide.
As a substituent, it is known as a sulfo group.

A sulfonic acid can be thought of as sulfuric acid with one hydroxyl group replaced by an organic substituent.
The parent compound (with the organic substituent replaced by hydrogen) is the parent sulfonic acid, HS(=O)2(OH), a tautomer of sulfurous acid, S(=O)(OH)2.[a] Salts or esters of sulfonic acids are called sulfonates.
Detergents and surfactants are molecules that combine highly nonpolar and highly polar groups.

Traditionally, Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s are the popular surfactants, being derived from fatty acids.
Since the mid-20th century, the usage of sulfonic acids has surpassed soap in advanced societies.
For example, an estimated 2 billion kilograms of Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s are produced annually for diverse purposes.

Lignin sulfonates, produced by sulfonation of lignin are components of drilling fluids and additives in certain kinds of concrete.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS), any of a class of organic acids containing sulfur and having the general formula RSO3H, in which R is an organic combining group.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s are among the most important of the organosulfur compounds; the free acids are widely used as catalysts in organic syntheses, while the salts and other derivatives form the basis of the manufacture of detergents, water-soluble dyes and catalysts, sulfonamide pharmaceuticals, and ion-exchange resins.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s are particularly useful as intermediates or starting materials in synthesis—for example, in the preparation of phenols.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s can greatly enhance the water solubility of compounds, as seen with the sulfonic acid derivative of triphenyl phosphine (TPPTS), P(C6H4-m-SO3Na)3.
Metal complexes of Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s are used as homogeneous catalysts for the syntheses of organic compounds in two-phase systems (e.g., in a mixture of water and an organic solvent) in industry and in the laboratory.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s occur naturally—for example, the essential nutrient taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid; NH2CH2CH2SO3H), the sulfobacins and other sulfonolipids (the biologically active products from bacterial cultures that contain 15- to 17-carbon chains attached to the carbon and nitrogen of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), and the echinosulfonic acid C (an α-hydroxysulfonic acid containing two brominated indole rings).
The aliphatic sulfonic acids methanesulfonic acid and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (triflic acid; CF3SO3H) are also commercially important reagents and catalysts.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS), one of the strongest known organic acids, is used as a polymerization catalyst and in fuel cells, in gasoline production, and in the synthesis of organic and organometallic compounds.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is a chemical compound—that means it contains at least two different elements combined together.
The main elements in sulfonic acid are sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen, but the actual formula is more complicated than that.

Because they contain sulfur, sulfonic acids are also called organosulfur compounds.
In general, Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s are very strong acids that come in crystal or liquid form.
They typically don’t have any color and they don’t oxidize, which means that they don’t react with oxygen.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s are soluble in water.
These properties make Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s an incredibly useful family of compounds because scientists can control them with ease.
They’re also much less dangerous to use than other acids.

A sustainable and mild one-step strategy is explored for the synthesis of aryl and Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s using a facile combination of halides and sulfur dioxide surrogates under air.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS), also known as sulphonic acids, are a type of organosulfur compound that can be represented by the general formula R−S(=O)2−OH, where R is an alkyl or aryl group in the organic domain, and the S(=O)2(OH) group is a sulfonyl hydroxide moiety.
The sulfo group is another term used to refer to this substituent.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s are strongly acidic organosulfur compounds with the general formula R−S(=O)2−OH, where R is an organic alkyl or aryl group.
Applications for sulfonic acids include use as components of dyes, detergents, surfactants, and antibacterial drugs.
The overbasing process involves the formation of micellar structures where calcium carbonate is dispersed in a stable colloidal form.

These micelles are stabilized by the sulfonate molecules, ensuring uniform distribution within the lubricant.
The term “superalkalinity” refers to the high alkalinity reserve provided by these micelles, which is crucial for neutralizing acidic combustion by-products effectively.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) additives form protective films on metal surfaces, which not only prevent deposits but also provide a physical barrier against wear and corrosion.

In conditions where hydrodynamic lubrication is compromised, such as during startup or under heavy loads, the protective film aids in boundary lubrication, minimizing direct metal-to-metal contact.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) maintains its efficacy at high temperatures, making it suitable for use in high-performance engines and industrial applications where thermal stability is crucial.
In racing and high-performance automotive engines, OBCS helps maintain engine cleanliness and performance under extreme operating conditions.

Used in commercial trucks and heavy machinery, where high detergency and acid neutralization are vital due to the severe operating conditions and high sulfur content of diesel fuels.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is used in formulations designed for extended drain intervals, providing long-lasting protection and stability, which is essential for reducing maintenance costs and downtime.
In hydraulic systems, especially in construction and agricultural machinery, Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) helps maintain fluid cleanliness and protect against corrosion and wear.

In marine engines, especially those using high sulfur fuels, the high TBN provided by Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is essential for neutralizing sulfuric acid and preventing corrosive wear.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) additives are effective in performance, they are generally not biodegradable.
The disposal and potential environmental impact of used lubricants containing OBCS need careful management.

The use of Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) in engine oils can indirectly contribute to emission reduction by maintaining engine efficiency and reducing the formation of harmful deposits.
In regions with strict sulfur content regulations, the neutralizing ability of Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is critical.
However, evolving environmental regulations may drive the development of more environmentally friendly alternatives.

Research into incorporating nanoparticles with Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) could enhance its performance characteristics, such as improving thermal stability and wear protection.
There is ongoing research into developing biodegradable and more environmentally friendly detergent additives that can match or exceed the performance of traditional Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS).
Future lubricants may use multi-functional additives that combine the benefits of Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) with other performance-enhancing properties, such as friction reduction and oxidation stability.

As emission standards become more stringent, the role of high-performance additives like Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) will become even more critical.
However, this may also drive innovation towards cleaner alternatives.
Modern engines equipped with advanced emission control systems, such as Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs) and Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR), may require lubricants with lower ash content.

This necessitates careful formulation to balance performance and compatibility.
The production and incorporation of Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) additives can be more expensive than other additives, impacting the overall cost of lubricants.
Balancing performance benefits with cost is a significant consideration for lubricant manufacturers.

The availability and cost of raw materials required for producing Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) can fluctuate, affecting the consistency and pricing of the final product.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is a hypothetical acid with formula H-S(=O)2-OH.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is a less stable tautomer of sulfurous acid HO-S(=O)-OH, so sulfonic acid converts rapidly when it is formed.

Derived compounds which replace the sulfur-bonded hydrogen with organic groups are stable.
These may then form salts or esters, called sulfonates.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s are a class of organic acids with the general formula R-S(=O)2-OH, where R is usually a hydrocarbon side chain.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s are typically much stronger acids than their carboxylic equivalents, and have the unique tendency to bind to proteins and carbohydrates tightly; most "washable" dyes are sulfonic acids (or have the functional sulfonyl group in them) for this reason.
They are also used as catalysts and intermediates for a number of different products.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) are important as detergents, and the antibacterial sulfa drugs are also sulfonic acid derivatives.

The simplest example is methanesulfonic acid, CH3SO2OH, which is a reagent regularly used in organic chemistry.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is also an important reagent.
The primary active ingredient, which acts as a detergent and dispersant.

Present in colloidal form, providing the overbasing characteristic.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) helps neutralize acidic by-products generated during the operation of engines or machinery.

These ensure the stability and dispersion of the calcium carbonate particles within the lubricant.
The "overbased" term refers to the high base number (BN) or total base number (TBN) of the additive, which is a measure of its capacity to neutralize acids.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) detergents contain an excess amount of alkaline material, typically calcium carbonate, which enhances their neutralizing capacity.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s are sulfonated to produce sulfonic acids.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS)s are neutralized with calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide to form calcium sulfonate.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is then overbased by reacting with additional calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide, forming a colloidal suspension of calcium carbonate in the sulfonate matrix.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) helps keep engine parts clean by preventing the formation of deposits and sludge.
The high alkalinity of Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) neutralizes acidic by-products from fuel combustion, protecting engine components from corrosion.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) disperses contaminants and soot particles, keeping them suspended in the oil and preventing them from settling on engine surfaces.

Provides a protective layer on metal surfaces, reducing wear and extending the lifespan of engine components.
Forms a barrier that protects metal surfaces from rust and corrosion.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is used in automotive, marine, and stationary engines to improve cleanliness and protect against wear and corrosion.

Utilized in gear oils, hydraulic fluids, and other industrial lubricants where high detergency and acid neutralization are required.
Essential in marine cylinder lubricants, which operate under severe conditions and require high neutralization capacity due to the high sulfur content in marine fuels.
Helps maintain engine cleanliness, improving performance and extending oil change intervals.

Provides anti-wear protection, reducing the rate of engine component wear.
High TBN ensures effective neutralization of acids, protecting engines from corrosive damage.
Effective in a wide range of temperatures and operating conditions.

While Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) provides many benefits, it must be balanced with other additives in the lubricant formulation to achieve optimal performance.
Compatibility with other additives and base oils must be carefully considered to avoid issues such as additive dropout or reduced performance.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) additives can be more expensive than some other detergent types, impacting the overall cost of the lubricant.

Uses:
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) enhances engine cleanliness, reduces wear, and neutralizes acidic by-products, thereby extending oil change intervals and engine life.
Provides superior protection and performance under extreme conditions, maintaining engine cleanliness and efficiency.
Helps withstand severe operating conditions, reducing engine deposits and wear, and prolonging the life of the engine.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) ensures efficient operation of heavy machinery by maintaining cleanliness and protecting against wear and corrosion.
Essential for neutralizing sulfuric acids in marine engines using high-sulfur fuels, preventing corrosive wear and maintaining engine performance.
Protects large marine engines from corrosion and wear, particularly in slow-speed crosshead engines.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is used in gear oils to protect against wear, reduce friction, and prevent deposit formation, ensuring smooth and efficient operation.
Maintains fluid cleanliness, protects against wear and corrosion, and ensures efficient hydraulic system performance.
Enhances the performance and longevity of hydraulic systems in manufacturing and processing equipment.

Provides excellent protection against wear, corrosion, and water washout, making it suitable for use in automotive and industrial applications.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) enhances lubrication, reduces tool wear, and prevents corrosion, improving the efficiency and lifespan of metalworking tools and machines.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is used in turbine oils to provide excellent oxidation stability, protect against corrosion, and ensure efficient operation of power generation equipment.

Enhances performance by maintaining cleanliness, reducing wear, and protecting against oxidation and corrosion in compressor systems.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is used to improve the cleanliness, protection, and performance of automatic transmissions, ensuring smooth and reliable operation.
Helps prevent deposit formation and corrosion in fuel systems, ensuring efficient combustion and engine performance.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is utilized in oil spill dispersants to break down oil slicks and promote biodegradation, minimizing environmental impact.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is used in pulping chemicals to control deposits and scale formation, enhancing the efficiency of the pulping process.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is used as a flotation agent in mineral processing to enhance the separation of valuable minerals from ores.

Some food-grade lubricants utilize derivatives of calcium sulfonates due to their non-toxic nature, providing protection against wear and corrosion in food processing equipment.
Formulated into engine cleaners and fuel system cleaners to dissolve and disperse deposits, improving engine performance and fuel efficiency.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is used in formulations for high-mileage vehicles to reduce sludge and varnish build-up, improving engine longevity.

Enhances the performance of synthetic motor oils, providing superior protection and extended drain intervals.
Provides robust protection against wear and corrosion in high-revving motorcycle engines.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is used in lubricants for off-road vehicles that operate in extreme conditions, ensuring engine cleanliness and reliability.

Essential for fleet maintenance, reducing downtime and maintenance costs by enhancing oil life and engine protection.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) in metalworking fluids enhances lubrication, reducing friction and heat generation, thus extending tool life and improving surface finish.
Protects high-speed machining centers from wear and corrosion, ensuring precision and efficiency.

Provides superior oxidation stability and deposit control in steam and gas turbines, and in air and gas compressors, ensuring reliable performance.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is used in slow-speed crosshead engines where high TBN is crucial for neutralizing sulfuric acid formed from high sulfur content fuels.
Protects medium-speed engines in marine vessels from wear and corrosion, enhancing their operational life.

Formulated into greases for food processing equipment, providing lubrication and protection while meeting stringent safety standards for incidental food contact.
Protects beverage processing machinery from wear and corrosion, ensuring smooth operation and compliance with hygiene standards.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is used in wind turbine gear oils to protect gears and bearings from wear and corrosion, ensuring reliable and efficient power generation.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) enhances the performance of lubricants used in hydroelectric power plants, protecting turbines and other equipment from harsh operating conditions.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) in hydraulic fluids for excavators provides robust protection against wear, corrosion, and oxidation, ensuring efficient and reliable operation.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) is used in lubricants for drilling equipment, providing protection against extreme pressures and harsh environmental conditions.

Protects textile machinery from wear and corrosion, enhancing efficiency and longevity, and reducing maintenance costs.
Reduces friction between moving parts, improving efficiency and reducing energy consumption.
Maintains performance under a wide range of temperatures, from low startup temperatures to high operating temperatures.

Forms a protective layer on metal surfaces, reducing wear and extending the life of equipment components.
Provides superior protection against rust and corrosion, particularly in harsh and corrosive environments.
Prevents the formation of deposits, sludge, and varnish, maintaining cleanliness and efficient operation of engines and machinery.

High TBN ensures effective neutralization of acids, protecting engines and machinery from corrosive damage.
Indirectly contributes to reduced emissions by maintaining engine and machinery efficiency, leading to better fuel economy and lower exhaust emissions.
Efforts are ongoing to develop biodegradable derivatives of calcium sulfonate to reduce environmental impact.

Development of environmentally friendly and biodegradable alternatives to traditional OBCS additives.
Research into sourcing raw materials from renewable resources to reduce environmental footprint.
Incorporating nanoparticles with OBCS to enhance properties such as thermal stability, wear protection, and friction reduction.

Creating multi-functional additives that offer comprehensive protection and performance benefits.
Developing specialized lubricants for EV powertrains that require unique properties compared to traditional internal combustion engines.
Exploring applications in aerospace lubricants where extreme operating conditions demand superior performance.

Meeting stringent emission standards and regulations by developing low-ash and low-sulfur formulations.
Ensuring that new formulations comply with health and safety regulations, particularly in food-grade and pharmaceutical applications.

Safety Profile:
Direct contact with Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) can cause irritation to the skin and eyes.
Symptoms may include redness, itching, and burning sensations. Prolonged or repeated exposure can lead to dermatitis or eye irritation.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) dust or aerosols may cause respiratory irritation, coughing, or difficulty breathing.

This risk is typically low under normal handling conditions but may increase in poorly ventilated areas or during activities that generate airborne particles.
Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) may result in gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Ingestion should be avoided, and medical attention sought if ingestion occurs accidentally.

Overbased Calcium Sulfonate (OBCS) itself is not considered highly toxic, it may contain impurities or additives that could pose health risks if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin.
Methanol or other chemical residues from the manufacturing process could be harmful if present.


OXALALDEHYDE
OXALALDEHYDE = GLYOXAL = ETHANEDIAL


CAS Number: 107-22-2
EC Number: 203-474-9
MDL number: MFCD00006957
Molecular Formula: C2H2O2 or OHCCHO


Oxalaldehyde is the dialdehyde that is the smallest possible and which consists of ethane having oxo groups on both carbons.
Oxalaldehyde has a role as a pesticide, an agrochemical, an allergen and a plant growth regulator.
Oxalaldehyde is a natural product found in Sesamum indicum with data available.
Oxalaldehyde appears as yellow crystals melting at15 °C.


Hence often encountered as a light yellow liquid with a weak sour odor.
Oxalaldehyde's vapor has a green color and burns with a violet flame.
Oxalaldehyde is an organic compound with the chemical formula OCHCHO.
Oxalaldehyde is the smallest dialdehyde (a compound with two aldehyde groups).


Oxalaldehyde is a crystalline solid, white at low temperatures and yellow near the melting point (15 °C).
Oxalaldehyde's liquid is yellow, and the vapor is green.
Oxalaldehyde is not commonly encountered because it is usually handled as a 40% aqueous solution (density near 1.24 g/mL).
Oxalaldehyde forms a series of hydrates, including oligomers.


For many purposes, these hydrated oligomers behave equivalently to Oxalaldehyde.
Oxalaldehydeis produced industrially as a precursor to many products.
Oxalaldehyde is a valuable building block in organic synthesis, especially in the synthesis of heterocycles such as imidazoles.
A convenient form of the reagent for use in the laboratory is Oxalaldehyde's bis(hemiacetal) with ethylene glycol, 1,4-dioxane-2,3-diol.


Oxalaldehyde is commercially available.
Oxalaldehyde condenses with urea to afford 4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolidinone, which further reacts with formaldehyde to give the bis(hydroxymethyl) derivative dimethylol ethylene urea, which is used for wrinkle-resistant chemical treatments of clothing, i.e. permanent press.
Oxalaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula C2H2O2, With a molecular weight of 58.036.


Oxalaldehyde's appearance is white or gray-white crystalline powder (yellow angular or irregular sheet, become white after cooling), used as pharmaceutical intermediates, fabric finishing agents, dyes and dye intermediates.
Oxalaldehyde's vapor is green and burns with a purple flame.
Rapid polymerization when placed, placed in water (violent reaction), or dissolved in water-containing solvents.


Oxalaldehyde usually exist in various aggregate forms.
The anhydrous polymer then transforms into a monomer upon heating.
Heat the polymer with antipropylene anisane, phenyl ether, yellow camphor, methyl, nonylketone, or benzaldehyde.
Aqueous solution contains single-molecule Oxalaldehyde, which is weakly acidic and chemically active, and can add or condense with ammonia, amide, aldehyde, and compounds containing carboxyl groups.


Oxalaldehyde is the raw material for organic synthesis.
2D-resin is obtained by heating and condensation of ethylene formaldehyde and urea in the presence of sodium carbonate, which is used as fabric finishing agent.
Oxalaldehyde reacts with formaldehyde and ammonium sulfate to synthesize imidazole.


Oxalaldehyde is an intermediate of anti-tuberculosis drug pyrazinamide.
Oxalaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula C2H2O2, With a molecular weight of 58.036.
Oxalaldehyde's appearance is white or gray-white crystalline powder (yellow angular or irregular sheet, become white after cooling), used as pharmaceutical intermediates, fabric finishing agents, dyes and dye intermediates.


Oxalaldehyde is colorless or light yellow liquid, soluble in water, ether and ethanol.
The chemical property of Oxalaldehyde is very active and easy to polymerize into white resin like solid.
Oxalaldehyde can form acetals with compounds containing hydroxyl groups.
Oxalaldehyde is an organic compound with the chemical formula OCHCHO.


Oxalaldehyde is a yellow-colored liquid that evaporates to give a green-colored gas.
Oxalaldehyde is the smallest dialdehyde (two aldehyde groups).
Oxalaldehyde's structure is more complicated than typically represented because the molecule hydrates and oligomerizes.
Oxalaldehyde is produced industrially as a precursor to many products.


Oxalaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula OCHCHO.
Oxalaldehyde is a yellow-colored liquid that evaporates to give a green-colored gas.
Oxalaldehyde is the smallest dialdehyde (two aldehyde groups).
Oxalaldehyde's structure is more complicated than typically represented because the molecule hydrates and oligomerizes.


Oxalaldehyde is produced industrially as a precursor to many products.
Oxalaldehyde is suitable for nucleic acid denaturation, and binding of DNA/RNA to nitrocellulose membrane.
Oxalaldehyde is a crosslinking agent used in protein and carbohydrate chemistry when linking together monomer units.
Oxalaldehyde, also known as 1,2-ethanedione or oxalaldehyde, is a member of the class of compounds known as short-chain aldehydes.


Short-chain aldehydes are an aldehyde with a chain length containing between 2 and 5 carbon atoms.
Oxalaldehyde is soluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa).
Oxalaldehyde is an organic compound with the chemical formula OCHCHO.
Oxalaldehyde is a yellow-colored liquid that evaporates to give a green-colored gas.


Oxalaldehyde is the smallest dialdehyde (two aldehyde groups).
Oxalaldehyde's structure is more complicated than typically represented because the molecule hydrates and oligomerizes.
Oxalaldehyde is produced industrially as a precursor to many products .
Oxalaldehyde is commercially available as a 40% aqueous solution, clear to slightly yellow with a faint, sour odor; Yellow solid that turns white on cooling; Vapors are green; mp = 15 deg C; Liquid; Yellow solid below 15 deg C.


Oxalaldehyde is colourless or light yellow liquid.
Oxalaldehyde that is the smallest possible and which consists of ethane having oxo groups on both carbons.
Oxalaldehyde is yellow crystals melting at15°C.
Hence often encountered as a light yellow liquid with a weak sour odor.
Oxalaldehyde's vapor has a green color and burns with a violet flame.



USES and APPLICATIONS of OXALALDEHYDE:
Cosmetic Uses of Oxalaldehyde: antimicrobial agents
Coated paper and textile finishes use large amounts of Oxalaldehyde as a crosslinker for starch-based formulations.
Oxalaldehyde is used as a solubilizer and cross-linking agent in polymer chemistry.
Oxalaldehyde solutions can also be used as a fixative for histology, that is, a method of preserving cells for examining them under a microscope.


Oxalaldehyde is mainly used in the textile industry, and the fiber treatment agent can increase the spinning and anti-wrinkle properties of cotton, nylon and other fibers, and is a durability pressing finishing agent.
In Japan, this use accounts for 80% of the total consumption of Oxalaldehyde.
Oxalaldehyde is an insoluble adhesive such as gelatin, animal glue, cheese, polyvinyl alcohol and starch.


Oxalaldehyde is also used in the leather industry and in making waterproof matches.
Hydroxyphenylacetic acid produced by Oxalaldehyde has been industrially produced in Japan and used as an intermediate for antimicrobials and vitamin A series of products.
Oxalaldehyde is also used for the synthesis of berberine hydrochloride and sulfonamide.


Oxalaldehyde is also used in insecticide remover, deodorant, body preservative, sand curing agent.
Oxalaldehyde and the ring are used to obtain benzypyrazine.
Oxalaldehyde is mainly used as raw materials for glyoxylic acid, M2D resin, imidazole and other products, as well as insoluble adhesives for gelatin, animal glue, cheese, polyvinyl alcohol and starch, and shrinkage inhibitors for rayon.


In medicine, Oxalaldehyde is mainly used for special cycloimidazole drugs, such as metronidazole, dimethylnitroimidazole, imidazole, etc.
In terms of intermediates, Oxalaldehyde is mainly used as glyoxylic acid, D-p-hydroxyphenylglycine, allantoin, phenylpharyngeal enzyme, berberine, etc.
In light textile, Oxalaldehyde is mainly used as garment finishing agent, 2D resin, M2D resin, etc.


In the paper industry, Oxalaldehyde is mainly used as sizing agent to increase the moisture resistance of paper.
Oxalaldehyde is a very effective crosslinking factor in polymer chemistry and can be used as crosslinking agent.
In the construction industry, Oxalaldehyde can be used as the curing agent of cement to improve the setting strength and control landslides, which can prevent soil loss and collapse.


Oxalaldehyde is used as a solubilizer and cross-linking agent in polymer chemistry for: proteins (leather tanning process), collagen, cellulose derivatives (textiles), hydrocolloids, and starch (paper coatings).
Coated paper and textile finishes use large amounts of Oxalaldehyde as a crosslinker for starch-based formulations.
Oxalaldehyde condenses with urea to afford 4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolidinone, which further reacts with formaldehyde to give the bis(hydroxymethyl) derivative used for wrinkle-resistant chemical treatments.


Oxalaldehyde, 40 % Solution is used to denature nucleic acids by forming stable complexes with guanine residues
Oxalaldehyde is used Manufacture of organic products, manufacture of resins.
Oxalaldehyde can be found in garden tomato (variety), ginger, and sesame, which makes Oxalaldehyde a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.


Oxalaldehyde is a versatile crosslinking agent used in a variety of applications including textiles, paper, epoxy curing, cosmetics, oil & gas, and cleaners.
Oxalaldehyde 40% is most widely used as a cross-linking agent for the resins for textiles, leathers and papers, for water soluble polymers such as carboxy methyl cellulose and cellulose ethers, for H2S scavenger in oil & gas fields.
Oxalaldehyde is also used as intermediate for pharmaceuticals and pesticides.


Oxalaldehyde is used in paper and textile production, leather tanning, textile dyeing, embalming, curing and cross-linking polymers.
Oxalaldehyde is also used as biocide and disinfectant and to make proteins and other materials insoluble.
Oxalaldehyde is used in organic synthesis and glues.
Oxalaldehyde is used predominantly as a chemical intermediate.


Oxalaldehyde is also used as reducing agent in the photographic industry and to make silvered mirrors;
Oxalaldehyde, difunctional low mole weight aldehyde, is a highly reactive intermediate used for the preparation of copolymers, dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, corrosion inhibitors and photographic chemicals.
Oxalaldehyde is used as a dispersant water soluble polymers, starches, cellulosic materials, proteins (casein, gelatin and animal glue), and polyhydroxyl groups.


Oxalaldehyde is used in soil and cement stabilizing.
Oxalaldehyde is also used to improve moisture resistance in paper, leather and glue.
Oxalaldehyde is used in embalming fluids, for leather tanning, and for rayon shrink-proofing.
Oxalaldehyde is used as a sulfide scavenger.


Oxalaldehyde is used permanent-press fabrics; dimensional stabilization of rayon and other fibers. Insolubilizing agent for compounds containing polyhydroxyl groups (polyvinyl alcohol, starch, and cellulosic materials); insolubilizing of proteins (casein, gelatin, and animal glue); embalming fluids; leather tanning; paper coatings with hydroxyethylcellulose; reducing agent in dyeing textiles.
Oxalaldehyde is used in the production of textilesand glues and in organic synthesis.
Oxalaldehyde is used to prepare 4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolidinone by condensation with urea.


Oxalaldehyde finds application in leather tanning process, textile finishes and paper coatings.
Oxalaldehyde is an important building block in the synthesis of imidazoles.
Oxalaldehyde acts as a solubilizer and cross-linking agent in polymer chemistry.
Further, Oxalaldehyde is used as a fixative for histology to preserve cells in order to examine under a microscope.



PRODUCTION of OXALALDEHYDE:
Oxalaldehyde was first prepared and named by the German-British chemist Heinrich Debus (1824–1915) by reacting ethanol with nitric acid.
Commercial Oxalaldehyde is prepared either by the gas-phase oxidation of ethylene glycol in the presence of a silver or copper catalyst (the Laporte process) or by the liquid-phase oxidation of acetaldehyde with nitric acid.
Industrial synthesis of Oxalaldehyde (Laporte-process).svg
Industrial synthesis of Oxalaldehyde (acetaldehyde process).svg
The first commercial Oxalaldehyde source was in Lamotte, France, started in 1960.
The single largest commercial source is BASF in Ludwigshafen, Germany, at around 60,000 tons per year.
Other production sites exist also in the US and China.
Commercial bulk Oxalaldehyde is made and reported as a 40% solution in water by weight (approx. 1:5 molar ratio of Oxalaldehyde to water).



LABORATORY METHODS of OXALALDEHYDE:
Oxalaldehyde may be synthesized in the laboratory by oxidation of acetaldehyde with selenious acid or by ozonolysis of benzene.
Anhydrous Oxalaldehyde is prepared by heating solid Oxalaldehyde hydrate(s) with phosphorus pentoxide and condensing the vapors in a cold trap.



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS of OXALALDEHYDE:
*Organic oxides
*Hydrocarbon derivatives



SUBSTITUENTS of OXALALDEHYDE:
*Organic oxide
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Short-chain aldehyde
*Aliphatic acyclic compound



SPECIATION IN SOLUTION of OXALALDEHYDE:
Oxalaldehyde is supplied typically as a 40% aqueous solution.
Like other small aldehydes, Oxalaldehyde forms hydrates.
Furthermore, the hydrates condense to give a series of oligomers, some of which remain of uncertain structure.
For most applications, the exact nature of the species in solution is inconsequential.
At least one hydrate of Oxalaldehyde is sold commercially, Oxalaldehyde trimer dihydrate: [(CHO)2]3(H2O)2 (CAS 4405-13-4).
Other Oxalaldehyde equivalents are available, such as the ethylene glycol hemiacetal 1,4-dioxane-trans-2,3-diol (CAS 4845-50-5, m.p. 91–95 °C).

It is estimated that, at concentrations less than 1 M, Oxalaldehyde exists predominantly as the monomer or hydrates thereof, i.e., OCHCHO, OCHCH(OH)2, or (HO)2CHCH(OH)2.
At concentrations above 1 M, dimers predominate.
These dimers are probably dioxolanes, with the formula [(HO)CH]2O2CHCHO.
Dimer and trimers precipitate as solids from cold solutions.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of OXALALDEHYDE:
Molecular Weight: 58.04
Chemical formula: C2H2O2
Molar mass: 58.036 g·mol−1
Melting point: 15 °C (59 °F; 288 K)
Boiling point: 51 °C (124 °F; 324 K)
Molecular Weight: 58.04
XLogP3-AA: -0.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 58.005479302
Monoisotopic Mass: 58.005479302
Topological Polar Surface Area: 34.1 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 4
Formal Charge: 0

Complexity: 25
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Melting point (℃): 15
Boiling point: 51℃
Refractive index: 1.3826
Relative density (water =1): 1.14
Boiling point (℃): 50.5
molecular formula:C2H2O2
Molecular weight: 58.04
Solubility: soluble in ethanol, ether, soluble in water

Physical state: clear, liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available

Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 1,270 g/cm3
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Min. Purity Spec: 40% w/w aq. soln, ca. 8.8mol/L
Physical Form (at 20°C): Liquid
Melting Point: -14°C
Boiling Point: 104°C
Density: 1.27
Refractive Index: 1.41
Long-Term Storage: Store long-term in a cool, dry place

Density: 1.270 g/mL
Molar volume: 45.7 mL/mol
Refractive index: 1.383
Molecular refractive power: 10.65 mL/mol
Dipole moment: 4.80 D
Melting point: 15 °C
Boiling point: 51 °C
Water Solubility: 218 g/L
logP: -0.04
logP: -0.0036
logS: 0.57
pKa (Strongest Basic): -7.8
Physiological Charge: 0
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 2
Hydrogen Donor Count: 0

Polar Surface Area: 34.14 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Refractivity: 12.56 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 4.5 ų
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: Yes
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: Yes
MDDR-like Rule: No
Appearance: colorless to pale yellow clear liquid to solid (est)
Assay: 96.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 1.26500 @ 25.00 °C.
Melting Point: 14.00 to 16.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 49.00 to 51.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 255.000000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)

Flash Point: 24.00 °F. TCC ( -4.30 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): -0.549 (est)
Shelf Life: 12.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly.
Storage: refrigerate in tightly sealed containers.
Melting point: -14 °C
Boiling point: 104 °C
Density: 1.265 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 18 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.409
Flash point: 104°C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: water: soluble(lit.)
form: Liquid
color: Clear colorless to yellow
Water Solubility: miscible



FIRST AID MEASURES of OXALALDEHYDE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of OXALALDEHYDE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of OXALALDEHYDE:
-Extinguishing media:
Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of OXALALDEHYDE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of OXALALDEHYDE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 12: Non Combustible Liquids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of OXALALDEHYDE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
GLYOXAL
Ethanedial
107-22-2
Oxalaldehyde
oxaldehyde
1,2-Ethanedione
Biformyl
Diformyl
Glyoxylaldehyde
Biformal
Diformal
Oxal
Aerotex glyoxal 40
Glyoxal aldehyde
Ethanedial, trimer
Ethanediol, trimer
Glyoxal, 40 % Solution
DTXSID5025364
CHEBI:34779
Glyoxal, 40% solution in water
50NP6JJ975
NCGC00091228-01
DSSTox_CID_5364
DSSTox_RID_77764
DSSTox_GSID_25364
Glyoxal, 40%
Ethanedione
Glyoxal solutions
CAS-107-22-2
CCRIS 952
Ethane-1,2-dione
ODIX
C2H2O2
HSDB 497
Glyoxal solution, ~40% in H2O (~8.8 M)
Glyoxal, 29.2%
EINECS 203-474-9
BRN 1732463
hydroxyketene
Ethandial
Glycoxal
ethane dial
UNII-50NP6JJ975
AI3-24108
(oxo)acetaldehyde
ethane-1,2-dial
Protectol GL 40
glyoxal (ethanedial)
MFCD00006957
oxalic acid dihydride
hydroxymethylene ketone
NSC 262684
EC 203-474-9
Glyoxal solution, 40.0%
4-01-00-03625
BIDD:ER0284
(CHO)2
Glyoxal, Biformyl, Oxalaldehyde
CHEMBL1606435
Glyoxal, 40% w/w aq. soln.
STR01281
ZINC8437750
Tox21_111105
Tox21_202517
BBL011519
NSC262684
STL146635
AKOS000119169
Glyoxal solution, 40 wt. % in H2O
NSC-262684
NCGC00260066-01
Glyoxal solution, CP, 40 wt. % in H2O
FT-0626792
G0152
Q413465
J-001740
F2191-0152
Glyoxal solution, ~40% in H2O, for HPLC derivatization
Glyoxal solution, BioReagent, for molecular biology, ~40% in H2O (~8.8 M)
Glyoxal 40%
Ethanedial
Bisformyl
Glyoxylaldehyde
Glyoxal Solution
Diformyl; Ethanedial
1,2-ethanedione
Oxalaldehyde
Unox G40
BISFORMYL
glyoxylaldehyde;GLYOXAL SOLUTION
GLYOXAL
DIFORMYL
ETHANEDIAL
1,2-ethanedione
Oxalaldehyde
1,2-Ethanedione
Aurarez 136
Biformal
Biformyl
Cartabond GH
Cartabond GHF
Daicel GY 60
Diformyl
Earth Works Linkup Plus
Ethanedione; Freechem 40DL
GX
GX (aldehyde)
Glyfix CS 50
Glyoxal 40L
Glyoxal T 40
Glyoxal aldehyde
Glyoxazal
Glyoxazal GX Glyoxylaldehyde
Gohsezal P
Oxal
Oxalaldehyde
Permafresh 114
Protorez BLF-C
XH 536
1,2-Ethanedione
BIFORMAL
BIFORMYL
DIFORMAL
DIFORMYL
ETHANDIAL
ETHANEDIAL
ETHANEDIONE
Ethanedione-1,2
Glyoxal
GLYOXAL ALDEHYDE
Glyoxal
GLYOXYLALDEHYDE
OXAL
OXALALDEHYDE
OXALIC ALDEHYDE
(CHO)2 biospider
1,2-Ethanedione
Aerotex glyoxal 40
Biformal
Biformyl
Diformal
Diformyl
Ethandial
Ethane-1,2-dial
Ethane-1,2-dione
1,2-Ethanedione
Aerotex glyoxal 40
Biformal
Biformyl
Diformal
Diformyl
Ethanedial
Glyoxylaldehyde
Oxal
Oxalaldehyde
Glyoxal, 29.2%
Glyoxal, 40%
Glyoxal solutions
Glyoxal Solution
1,2-Ethanedione
Aurarez 136
Biformal; Biformyl
Cartabond GH
Cartabond GHF
Daicel GY 60
Diformyl
Earth Works Linkup Plus
Ethanedione
Freechem 40DL
GX
GX (aldehyde)
Glyfix CS 50
Glyoxal 40L
Glyoxal T 40
Glyoxal aldehyde
Glyoxazal
Glyoxazal GX
Glyoxylaldehyde
Gohsezal P
Oxal
Oxalaldehyde
Permafresh 114
Protorez BLF-C
Oxalaldehyde
Oxaldehyde
GLYOXA
ETHANEDIAL
GLYOXAL SOLUTION
(CHO)2
Ethandial
DIFORMYL
Ethanedione
Glyoxal aqueous solution
OXALIC ACID
OXALIC ACID Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is an organic compound with the formula C2H2O4. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is a white crystalline solid that forms a colorless solution in water. Its condensed formula is HOOCCOOH, reflecting its classification as the simplest dicarboxylic acid. Its acid strength is much greater than that of acetic acid. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is a reducing agent and its conjugate base, known as oxalate (C2O2−4), is a chelating agent for metal cations. Typically, Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) occurs as the dihydrate with the formula C2H2O4·2H2O. It occurs naturally in many foods, but excessive ingestion of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) or prolonged skin contact can be dangerous. Its name comes from the fact that early investigators isolated Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) from flowering plants of the genus Oxalis, commonly known as wood-sorrels. History of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) The preparation of salts of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) (crab acid) from plants had been known, at the latest, since 1745, when the Dutch botanist and physician Herman Boerhaave isolated a salt from sorrel. By 1773, François Pierre Savary of Fribourg, Switzerland had isolated Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) from its salt in sorrel. In 1776, Swedish chemists Carl Wilhelm Scheele and Torbern Olof Bergman produced Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) by reacting sugar with concentrated nitric acid; Scheele called the acid that resulted socker-syra or såcker-syra (sugar acid). By 1784, Scheele had shown that "sugar acid" and Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) from natural sources were identical. In 1824, the German chemist Friedrich Wöhler obtained Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) by reacting cyanogen with ammonia in aqueous solution. This experiment may represent the first synthesis of a natural product. Preparation of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) (Crab Acid) is mainly manufactured by the oxidation of carbohydrates or glucose using nitric acid or air in the presence of vanadium pentoxide. A variety of precursors can be used including glycolic acid and ethylene glycol. A newer method entails oxidative carbonylation of alcohols to give the diesters of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit): 4 ROH + 4 CO + O2 → 2 (CO2R)2 + 2 H2O These diesters are subsequently hydrolyzed to Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit). Approximately 120,000 tonnes are produced annually. Historically Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) was obtained exclusively by using caustics, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, on sawdust.[15] Pyrolysis of sodium formate (ultimately prepared from carbon monoxide), leads to the formation of sodium oxalate, easily converted to Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit). Laboratory methods Although it can be readily purchased, Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) can be prepared in the laboratory by oxidizing sucrose using nitric acid in the presence of a small amount of vanadium pentoxide as a catalyst. The hydrated solid can be dehydrated with heat or by azeotropic distillation. Developed in the Netherlands, an electrocatalysis by a copper complex helps reduce carbon dioxide to Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit);[18] this conversion uses carbon dioxide as a feedstock to generate Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit). Structure of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) Anhydrous Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) exists as two polymorphs; in one the hydrogen-bonding results in a chain-like structure whereas the hydrogen bonding pattern in the other form defines a sheet-like structure. Because the anhydrous material is both acidic and hydrophilic (water seeking), it is used in esterifications. Reactions of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is a relatively strong acid, despite being a carboxylic acid: C2O4H2 ⇌ C2O4H− + H+ pKa = 1.27 C2O4H− ⇌ C2O2−4 + H+ pKa = 4.27 Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) undergoes many of the reactions characteristic of other carboxylic acids. It forms esters such as dimethyl oxalate (m.p. 52.5 to 53.5 °C (126.5 to 128.3 °F)). It forms an acid chloride called oxalyl chloride. Oxalate, the conjugate base of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit), is an excellent ligand for metal ions, e.g. the drug oxaliplatin. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) and oxalates can be oxidized by permanganate in an autocatalytic reaction. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit)'s pKa values vary in the literature from 1.25-1.46 and 3.81-4.40. The 100th ed of the CRC, released in 2019 has values of 1.25 and 3.81. Occurrence of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) Biosynthesis At least two pathways exist for the enzyme-mediated formation of oxalate. In one pathway, oxaloacetate, a component of the Krebs citric acid cycle, is hydrolyzed to oxalate and acetic acid by the enzyme oxaloacetase: [O2CC(O)CH2CO2]2− + H2O → C2O2−4 + CH3CO−2 + H+ It also arises from the dehydrogenation of glycolic acid, which is produced by the metabolism of ethylene glycol. Occurrence in foods and plants Calcium oxalate is the most common component of kidney stones. Early investigators isolated Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) from wood-sorrel (Oxalis). Members of the spinach family and the brassicas (cabbage, broccoli, brussels sprouts) are high in oxalates, as are sorrel and umbellifers like parsley.[27] Rhubarb leaves contain about 0.5% Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit), and jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum) contains calcium oxalate crystals. Similarly, the Virginia creeper, a common decorative vine, produces Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) in its berries as well as oxalate crystals in the sap, in the form of raphides. Bacteria produce oxalates from oxidation of carbohydrates. Plants of the genus Fenestraria produce optical fibers made from crystalline Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) to transmit light to subterranean photosynthetic sites.[28] Carambola, also known as starfruit, also contains Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) along with caramboxin. Citrus juice contains small amounts of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit). Citrus fruits produced in organic agriculture contain less Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) than those produced in conventional agriculture. The formation of naturally occurring calcium oxalate patinas on certain limestone and marble statues and monuments has been proposed to be caused by the chemical reaction of the carbonate stone with Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) secreted by lichen or other microorganisms. Production by fungi Many soil fungus species secrete Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit), resulting in greater solubility of metal cations, increased availability of certain soil nutrients, and can lead to the formation of calcium oxalate crystals. Other Oxidized bitumen or bitumen exposed to gamma rays also contains Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) among its degradation products. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) may increase the leaching of radionuclides conditioned in bitumen for radioactive waste disposal. Biochemistry The conjugate base of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is the hydrogenoxalate anion, and its conjugate base (oxalate) is a competitive inhibitor of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme. LDH catalyses the conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid (end product of the fermentation (anaerobic) process) oxidising the coenzyme NADH to NAD+ and H+ concurrently. Restoring NAD+ levels is essential to the continuation of anaerobic energy metabolism through glycolysis. As cancer cells preferentially use anaerobic metabolism (see Warburg effect) inhibition of LDH has been shown to inhibit tumor formation and growth, thus is an interesting potential course of cancer treatment. Applications About 25% of produced Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) will be used as a mordant in dyeing processes. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is used in bleaches, especially for pulpwood. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is also used in baking powder and as a third reagent in silica analysis instruments. Cleaning of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit)'s main applications include cleaning or bleaching, especially for the removal of rust (iron complexing agent). Its utility in rust removal agents is due to its forming a stable, water-soluble salt with ferric iron, ferrioxalate ion. Extractive metallurgy Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is an important reagent in lanthanide chemistry. Hydrated lanthanide oxalates form readily in very strongly acidic solutions in a densely crystalline, easily filtered form, largely free of contamination by nonlanthanide elements. Thermal decomposition of these oxalates gives the oxides, which is the most commonly marketed form of these elements. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is used by some beekeepers as a miticide against the parasitic varroa mite. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is used to clean minerals. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is sometimes used in the aluminum anodizing process, with or without sulfuric acid. Compared to sulfuric acid anodizing, the coatings obtained are thinner and exhibit lower surface roughness. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is an ingredient in some tooth whitening products. Toxicity of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) in concentrated form can have harmful effects through contact and if ingested. It is not identified as mutagenic or carcinogenic, although there is a study suggesting it might cause breast cancer; there is a possible risk of congenital malformation in the fetus; may be harmful if inhaled, and is extremely destructive to tissue of mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract; harmful if swallowed; harmful to and destructive of tissue and causes burns if absorbed through the skin or is in contact with the eyes. Symptoms and effects include a burning sensation, cough, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, spasm, inflammation and edema of the larynx, inflammation and edema of the bronchi, pneumonitis, pulmonary edema. In humans, ingested Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) has an oral LDLo (lowest published lethal dose) of 600 mg/kg. It has been reported that the lethal oral dose is 15 to 30 grams. Oxalate may enter cells where it is known to cause mitochondrial dysfunction. The toxicity of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is due to kidney failure caused by precipitation of solid calcium oxalate, the main component of calcium kidney stones. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) can also cause joint pain by formation of similar precipitates in the joints. Ingestion of ethylene glycol results in Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) as a metabolite which can also cause acute kidney failure. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is an odorless white solid. Sinks and mixes with water. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) has a role as a human metabolite, a plant metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of an oxalate(1-) and an oxalate. The absorption of (14)C-labelled Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) was studied in Wistar rats, CD-1 mice and NMRI mice. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) in solution was given to the animals by gavage either with water alone or with 0.625 g/kg body wt of xylitol. Both xylitol adapted animals and animals not previously exposed to xylitol were used. Adaptation to xylitol diets enhanced the absorption and urinary excretion of the label (Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit)) in both strains of mice but not in rats. Earlier studies have indicated a high incidence of bladder calculi in mice but not in rats fed high amounts of xylitol. The results of the present study offer one likely explanation for the increased formation of bladder calculi as a result of over saturation of urine with oxalate. Piridoxilate is an association of glyoxylic acid and pyridoxine in which pyridoxine is supposed to facilitate in vivo transformation of glyoxylic acid to glycine rather than to Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit). However, it has recently been shown that long term treatment with piridoxilate may result in over production of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) and in calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. A patient in whom piridoxilate induced both oxalate nephrolithiasis and chronic oxalate nephropathy with renal insufficiency, an association that has not been previously described, was reported. Therefore, piridoxilate should be added to the list of chemicals responsible for chronic oxalate nephropathy. Metabolically its toxicity is believed due to the capacity of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) to immobilize calcium and thus upset the calcium-potassium ratio in critical tissues. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration. Pretreatment involves chemical reaction with limestone or calcium oxide forming calcium oxalate. This may then be incinerated utilizing particulate collection equipment to collect calcium oxide for recycling. Residues of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a calcium chelating hard water inhibitor in accordance with good agricultural practices as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest. Limits: No more Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) should be used than is necessary to chelate calcium and, in no case, should more than 2 lb Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) per acre be used. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is hygroscopic and sensitive to heat. This compound may react violently with furfuryl alcohol, silver, sodium, perchlorate, sodium hypochlorite, strong oxidizers, sodium chlorite, acid chlorides, metals and alkali metals. (NTP, 1992). The heating of mixtures of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) and urea has lead to explosions. This is due to the rapid generation of the gases CO2, CO, and NH3. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) and urea react at high temperatures to form toxic and flammable ammonia and carbon monoxide gases, and inert CO2 gas Residues of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a calcium chelating hard water inhibitor in accordance with good agricultural practices as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest. Limits: No more Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) should be used than is necessary to chelate calcium and, in no case, should more than 2 lb Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) per acre be used. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is naturally contained as the potassium or calcium salt in plants, vegetables, human urine, animal urine, and kidney stones. It is also the product of the metabolism of many molds. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) may be released to the environment in tobacco smoke, automobile exhaust, rendering, in waste streams from pulp bleaching, and by photochemical oxidations of anthropogenic compounds during long range transport. If released to soil, Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) under environmental conditions (pH 5-9) will be in the form of the oxalate ion (pKa1 and pKa2 of 1.25 and 4.28, respectively) and is expected to leach in soil. Photolysis is expected to be an important fate process; the daytime persistence of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) on soil surfaces is not expected to exceed a few hours. Based upon screening biodegradation tests, biodegradation in soil is expected to be important. If released to water, Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) will not volatilize, adsorb to sediment, bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms, oxidize or hydrolyze. The predominant aquatic fate processes are expected to be photolysis in surface waters and aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation. If released to the atmosphere, removal from air via wet deposition, dry deposition, and photolysis is likely to occur. Exposure of the general population to Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is expected to occur through consumption of foods in which it is naturally contained, inhalation of contaminated air, and consumption of contaminated groundwater. In occupational settings, exposure to Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) may occur through inhalation of vapors and through eye and skin contact. Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) may be released to the environment as emissions from rendering, tobacco smoke(1), and automobile exhaust(2). Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) may be produced in the atmosphere by photochemical oxidations of anthropogenic compounds during long range transport(3). Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) has been identified in pulp kraft mill effluents(4-6); therefore, it may be released to the environment in waste streams resulting from pulp bleaching(SRC). The estimated emission rate of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) in the South East Air Basin, CA is 87 kg/day(7). TERRESTRIAL FATE: An estimated Koc value of 5(1,SRC) for Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) indicates high mobility in soil(2) and Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) has been detected in groundwater(3). Volatilization from moist soils is not expected to be rapid based upon a low Henry's Law constant. Several screening studies indicate rapid biodegradation of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit)(4-8). Although these studies are not specific to soil media, they suggest that Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) will readily biodegrade in soil. The Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) concn in another study was determined to decrease from 30 mg/kg on a soil surface to about 6 mg/kg 540 cm below the soil surface(3) which suggests that biodegradation may have occurred(SRC). Photolysis is expected to be an important terrestrial fate process; the daytime persistence of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) on soil surfaces is not expected to exceed a few hours(9). AQUATIC FATE: Several screening studies(4-8) and grab sample tests(9) indicate that under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) will readily biodegrade in aquatic ecosystems. Based on an experimental Henry's Law constant of 1.4X10-10 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C(2), Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water(1). Adsorption to sediment and bioconcentration in aquatic organisms may not be important fate processes for Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) in water systems. Based on pKa1 and pKa2 values of 1.25 and 4.28(3), respectively, Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) will exist primarily as the oxalate ion under environmental conditions (pH 5-9,SRC). Aquatic oxidation is not likely to be an important fate process based on a half-life of 285 yrs in water under continuous sunlight(3,SRC). Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) may react slowly in water with photochemically produced OH radicals, but it is expected to be removed rapidly from surface water by direct photolysis; the daytime persistence of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is not expected to exceed a few hours(10). ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Based on a measured vapor pressure of 2.3410-4 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is expected to exist almost entirely in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere(3). In the vapor phase, Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) in the ambient atmosphere is very slowly degraded by reaction with photochemically formed hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air can be estimated to be about 223 days(1). Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) in the ambient atmosphere may react slowly with OH radicals, but it is removed rapidly by photolysis; the daytime persistence of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is not expected to exceed a few hours(4). Based on its high water solubility, removal from air via wet deposition is likely to occur(4,SRC). Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) may also be removed from air via dry deposition with 11% of the total deposition being dry deposition(4). Six tests at Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) initial concns of 3.3 to 10 ppm exhibited 75 to 202 %BODT over an incubation period of 5 days in an aerobic screening study using sewage inoculum(1). A 78 and 55.5 %BODT for Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) was measured under aerobic conditions over a period of 5 days in screening tests at 20 °C using sewage inoculum(2). Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) at initial concns of 0.00375, 0.0375, and 0.375 ppm exhibited 95, 99, and 100% degradation, respectively, in an aerobic screening study at 25 °C using sewage inoculum(3). In another screening study using sewage inoculum, 68 and 64 %BODT were measured for Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) at initial concns of 10 and 20 ppm, respectively, over a 5 day incubation period(4). An 89 %BODT was measured for Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) (10 ppm initial concn) in an aerobic screening study using sewage inoculum at 19.5-20.5 °C over an incubation period of 5 days(5). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals can be estimated to be 7.2X10-14 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C which corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 223 days at an atmospheric concn of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC). Acids are generally resistent to hydrolysis(4); therefore, Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is not expected to hydrolyze in aquatic environments. Based on dissociation constant values pKa1 and pKa2 of 1.25 and 4.28(1), respectively; Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is expected to exist as an ion under environmental conditions (pH 5-9). The aquatic oxidation rate for the reaction of hydroxyl radicals in water with the oxalate ion has been experimentally determined to be 7.7X10+6 L/mole-s at pH 6(1). Based on this rate and a hydroxyl radical concn of 1X10-17 mole/L in water under continuous sunlight(3), the half-life for the aquatic oxidation of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) can be estimated to be 285 yrs(SRC). Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) may react slowly with OH in water, but it is removed rapidly by direct photolysis; the daytime persistence of Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) is not expected to exceed a few hours(5). Based on an average experimental water solubility of 220,000 mg/L at 25 °C(1) and a regression derived equation(2), the Koc for undissociated Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) can be estimated to be approximately 5. This Koc value indicates that Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) will have very high mobility in soil(3); therefore, adsorption to soil and sediment may not be an important fate process. Based on pKa1 and pKa2 values of 1.25 and 4.28(4) respectively, Oxalic acid (OXALIC ACID, oksalik asit) will exist primarily as the oxalate ion under environmental conditions (pH 5-9). No experimental data are available to determine whether the oxalate ion will adsorb to sediment or soil more strongly than its estimated Koc value indicates(SRC).
OXALIC ACID
Oxalic acid is a dicarboxylic acid with a chemical formula C2H2O4.
Oxalic acid is also known as Ethanedioic acid or Oxiric acid.
Oxalic acid is found in many vegetables and plants.
Oxalic acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid with condensed formula HOOC-COOH and has an acidic strength greater than acetic acid.


CAS Number: 144-62-7 (anhydrous)
6153-56-6 (dihydrate)
EC Number: 205-634-3
MDL number: MFCD00002573
Molecular Formula: C2H2O4 or (COOH)2 or HOOCCOOH


Oxalic acid is an odorless white solid.
Oxalic acid sinks and mixes with water.
Oxalic acid is a reducing agent and Oxalic acid's conjugate base, known as oxalate (C2O2−4), is a chelating agent for metal cations.


Typically, Oxalic acid occurs as the dihydrate with the formula C2H2O4•2H2O.
Oxalic acid is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2.
The body also produces Oxalic acid as waste.


Foods rich in oxalates also contain other nutrients that your body needs for good health.
Oxalic acid has a role as a human metabolite, a plant metabolite and an algal metabolite.
Oxalic acid is manufactured by heating sodium formate in the presence of an alkali catalyst, by oxidizing carbohydrates with nitric acid, by heating sawdust with caustic alkalies, or by fermentation of sugar solutions in the presence of certain molds.


Oxalic acid is a conjugate acid of an oxalate(1-) and an oxalate.
Oxalic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli.
Oxalic acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid and has two hydrogen atoms, two carbon atoms, and four oxygen atoms.


Oxalic acid, also called ethanedioic acid, a colourless, crystalline, toxic organic compound belonging to the family of carboxylic acids.
Oxalic acid is a colorless crystalline solid that dissolves in water to give colorless solutions.
Oxalic acid is mainly produced by the oxidation of carbohydrates or glucose in the presence of vanadium pentoxide using nitric acid or air.


Oxalic acid is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.
The formula of oxalic acid is (C2H2O4); its usual form is that of the crystalline hydrate, (COOH)2·2H2O.


Oxalic acid, which is shown with the chemical formula COOH2, is found in nature as a calcium salt in the rhubarb plant, in the plant called sorrel as the sodium salt, and in the sap of some plants.
Most plant sources contain this organic acid.
Plants such as spinach, tomatoes, sorrel are in it.


The density of anhydrous Oxalic acid is 1.90 grams / cubic centimeter.
The density of Oxalic acid dihydrate is 1.653 grams per cubic centimeter.
Oxalic acid is known as a constituent of wood sorrel as early as the 17th century, oxalic acid was first prepared synthetically in 1776.


The formula of Oxalic acid is (C2H2O4); Oxalic acid's usual form is that of the crystalline hydrate, (COOH)2•2H2O.
Oxalic acid is manufactured by heating sodium formate in the presence of an alkali catalyst, by oxidizing carbohydrates with nitric acid, by heating sawdust with caustic alkalies, or by fermentation of sugar solutions in the presence of certain molds.


Oxalic acid, which enters a biologically living system and body, forms salts with ions there.
Calcium oxalate, which is the most common salt, accumulates in the body, usually in the urinary system, especially in the kidneys, causing stone formation.
Oxalic acid, also called Oxalic acid, a colourless, crystalline, toxic organic compound belonging to the family of carboxylic acids.


Oxalic acid is an organic compound found in many plants, including leafy greens, vegetables, fruits, cocoa, nuts, and seeds.
In plants, it’s usually bound to minerals, forming oxalate.
The terms “oxalic acid” and “oxalate” are used interchangeably in nutrition science.


Leafy greens, legumes, and most other plant foods contain a nutrient called oxalate or Oxalic acid.
Oxalic acid's a naturally occurring chemical you get through your diet.
In other words, the rates vary for each region.


Oxalic acid is recommended to apply this once a year.
When Oxalic acid mixes with other minerals, it forms oxalate.
People regularly use the two terms interchangeably to refer to the same thing.


Your body produces oxalate and also gets it from food sources.
The molecular weight of the dihydrate of Oxalic acid is equivalent to 126.065 grams per mole.
Under standard conditions, Oxalic acid exists as an essentially crystalline white solid and is odorless.


Your body can produce oxalate on its own or obtain it from food.
Vitamin C can also be converted into oxalate when it’s metabolized.
Once consumed, oxalate can bind to minerals to form compounds, including calcium oxalate and iron oxalate.


Oxalic acid is an organic, hydrophilic, toxic reducing agent; the simplest dicarboxylic acid.
Apart from that, Oxalic acid is also produced in the body by metabolism of ascorbic acid or glyoxylic acid.
Because Oxalic acid is an acid, Oxalic acid can form a salt with an ion in the environment.


Oxalic acid is applied by mixing some Oxalic acid into the sugar syrup prepared with warm water and dripping on the bees when the bee is in clusters and there are no closed brood at an outdoor temperature below 10 degrees.
Oxalic acid used in the control of varroa in honey bees is Oxalic acid hydrate with the chemical formula C2H2O4 - 2H2O.


Oxalic acid dihydrate has been evaluated as a treatment for reducing populations of naturally occurring microorganisms.
Oxalic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives.
Oxalic acid is one of the strongest organic acids with pKa values of 1.3 and 4.3 and is a widely occurring natural product of animals, plants and other organisms.


Oxalic acid, which is otherwise known as Oxalic acid, is a colorless, crystalline, organic compound from the dicarboxylic acid family found in many plants.
This mostly occurs in the colon, but can also take place in the kidneys and other parts of the urinary tract.
Oxalic acid is an odorless white solid.


Oxalic acid sinks and mixes with water.
Oxalic acid is also a reducing agent.
The anions of Oxalic acid as well as Oxalic acid's salts and esters are known as oxalates.


In most people, these compounds are then eliminated in the stool or urine.
Oxalic acid is an organic acid with the IUPAC name Oxalic acid and formula HO2C−CO2H.
Oxalic acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid.


In order to make these, there are evaporation apparatuses inside the hive, and Oxalic acid is evaporated outside and sent into the hive through a pipe.
Oxalic acid is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.


Oxalic acid’s molar mass of 90.03 g/mol and has two carboxylic acid (COOH) groups.
Oxalic acid is a naturally occurring organic acid in plants, vegetables, etc.
These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups.


Oxalic acid is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid.
Oxalic acid may also be synthesized via the metabolism of either glyoxylic acid or unused ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which is a serious health consideration for long term megadosers of vitamin C supplements.


Oxalic acid has a minimum purity of 98%.
Oxalic acid is an organic compound with the formula H2C2O4 also known as Oxalic acid.
Oxalic acid is the chemical compound with the formula H2C2O4.


This dicarboxylic acid, Oxalic acid, is better described with the formula HO2CCO2H.
When dissolved in water, Oxalic acid is known to form a colorless solution.
Oxalic acid is considered to be the simplest dicarboxylic acid because Oxalic acid is composed of two carboxyl groups.


Oxalic acid is produced by the oxidation of carbohydrates.
Oxalic acid is a white crystalline solid that forms a colorless solution in water.
Oxalic acid is an organic compound with the formula C2H2O4.


The molecular weight of anhydrous Oxalic acid is 90.034 grams per mole.
Oxalic acid is very soluble in water.
The solubility of Oxalic acid in water ranges from 90 to 100 grams per liter at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius.


Oxalic acid is soluble in both ethanol and diethyl ether.
Oxalic acid can also be prepared in the laboratory by the oxidation of sucrose in the presence of nitric acid and a catalyst like vanadium pentoxide.
Oxalic acid is also known as Oxalic acid and Oxalic acid is a colorless, crystalline, toxic organic compound.


The chemical formulation of Oxalic acid is C2H2O4 belonging to the family of carboxylic acids and the Oxalic acid's condensed formula is HOOCCOOH, reflecting Oxalic acid's classification as the simplest dicarboxylic acid.
Oxalic acid has a structure with two polymorphs and it appears as a white crystalline solid which becomes a colourless solution when dissolved in water.


Oxalic acid Dihydrate is the simplest dicarboxylic acid and appears as a white solid powder.
Oxalic acid is soluble in water and becomes colorless when dissolved in water.
Various precursors can be used, including glycolic acid and ethylene glycol.


A newer method requires oxidative carbonylation of alcohols to yield Oxalic acid diesters.
4 ROH + 4 CO + 02 → 2 (CO2R) 2 + 2H20
Oxalic acid is one of the most well-known plant-derived organic acids.


Anhydrous Oxalic acid exists as two polymorphs; in one the hydrogen-bonding results in a chain-like structure whereas the hydrogen bonding pattern in the other form defines a sheet-like structure.
However the infusion beverage typically contains only low to moderate amounts of Oxalic acid per serving, due to the small mass of leaves used for brewing.


Oxalic acid is an important reagent in lanthanide chemistry.
Hydrated lanthanide oxalate forms readily in very strongly acidic solutions, in a densely crystallized, easily leached state, primarily free of contamination by non-lanthanide elements.


Thermal decomposition of this oxalate yields oxides, the most marketed form of these elements.
Oxalic acid is an organic compound.
Oxalic acid is a white crystalline solid that forms a colourless solution in water.


Many metal ions form insoluble precipitates with oxalate, a prominent example being calcium oxalate, which is the primary constituent of the most common kind of kidney stone.
Oxalic acid is colorless, odorless powder or granular solid.


Oxalic acid is a strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables.
Oxalic acid was first reported to be synthesized in 1776 and is known as a constituent of wood sorrel as early as the 17th century.
Oxalic acid is an organic acid with the systematic name ethanedioic acid and formula HO2C−CO2H.


Oxalic acid is a white crystalline solid that forms a colorless solution in water.
Oxalic acid's name comes from the fact that early investigators isolated Oxalic acid from flowering plants of the genus Oxalis, commonly known as wood-sorrels.


The chemical formula of Oxalic acid is given by C2H2O4.
Under standard temperature and pressure (STP) conditions, Oxalic acid is present as a white crystalline solid.
Oxalic acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid.


While the amount of sugar and water in the solution remains the same, the Oxalic acid ratio may change according to the regional temperature.
Oxalic acid is a white crystalline solid that forms a colorless solution in water.
Oxalic acid's name comes from the fact that early investigators isolated oxalic acid from flowering plants of the genus Oxalis, commonly known as wood-sorrels.


Oxalic acid (IUPAC name: oxalic acid, formula H2C2O4) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure (HOOC)-(COOH).
Because of the joining of two carboxyl groups, this is one of the strongest organic acids.
Oxalic acid is recommended not to apply this in colonies with less than three frames, due to the deterioration of the cluster temperature balance in colonies where bees are weak.


When heat is applied on Oxalic acid dihydrate, Oxalic acid is a struggle with its sublimation property from solid state to gas state.
Oxalic acid occurs naturally in many foods.
Oxalic acid is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2.


Oxalic acid has a role as a human metabolite, a plant metabolite and an algal metabolite.
Oxalic acid has much greater acid strength than acetic acid.
Oxalic acid is a reducing agent and its conjugate base, known as oxalate (C2O2−4), is a chelating agent for metal cations.


Typically, oxalic acid occurs as the dihydrate with the formula C2H2O4·2H2O.
80% of kidney stones are formed from calcium oxalate.
Some Aspergillus species produce Oxalic acid, which reacts with blood or tissue calcium to precipitate calcium oxalate.


Oxalic acid dihydrate is a reducing agent.
Oxalic acid, also known as Oxalic acid is a diprotic acid, which means it can give away 2 protons (hydrogen ions) to a base.
Oxalic acid known as a constituent of wood sorrel as early as the 17th century, Oxalic acid was first prepared synthetically in 1776.


It is applied by mixing some oxalic acid into the sugar syrup prepared with warm water and dripping on the bees when the bee is in clusters and there are no closed brood at an outdoor temperature below 10 degrees.
While the amount of sugar and water in the solution remains the same, the Oxalic acid ratio may change according to the regional temperature.


In other words, the rates vary for each region.
Oxalic acid is a colourless crystalline solid that dissolves in water to give colorless acidic solutions.
Oxalic acid is classified as a dicarboxylic acid.


Oxalic acid is not metabolized but excreted in the urine.
Oxalic acid is used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.
Oxalic acid is recommended to apply this once a year.


Oxalic acid is a strong dicarboxylic acid.
Oxalic acid is recommended not to apply this in colonies with less than three frames, due to the deterioration of the cluster temperature balance in colonies where bees are weak.


When heat is applied to oxalic acid dihydrate, it is a struggle with its sublimation property from solid state to gas state.
Oxalic acid is a conjugate acid of an oxalate(1-) and an oxalate.
Oxalic acidis a relatively strong organic acid, being about 10,000 times stronger than acetic acid.


The di-anion, known as oxalate, is also a reducing agent as well as a ligand in coordination chemistry.
Oxalic acid is an odorless white solid chemical.
Oxalic acid can be found in powder or granule form.


In order to make these, there are evaporation apparatuses inside the hive, and oxalic acid is evaporated outside and sent into the hive through a pipe.
Oxalic acid is a common organic compound.
A range of living organisms — including fungi, bacteria, plants, animals, and humans — produce it.


Technically, oxalate occurs when the oxalic acid in plants binds to minerals.
However, many people use the terms interchangeably.
The body can either produce oxalate as a waste product or obtain it from the diet.


Oxalic acid occurs naturally in many foods.
Oxalic acid has much greater acid strength than acetic acid.
Although it can be readily purchased, Oxalic acid can be prepared in the laboratory by oxidizing sucrose using nitric acid in the presence of a small amount of vanadium pentoxide as a catalyst.


On a large scale, sodium oxalate is manufactured by absorbing carbon monoxide under pressure in hot sodium hydroxide.
Typically Oxalic acid is obtained as the dihydrate.
This solid can be dehydrated with heat or by azeotropic distillation.


Oxalate can combine with other minerals in the body to form compounds such as calcium oxalate and iron oxalate.
People can then eliminate these oxalate compounds in the urine or stool.
Oxalic acid is an organic compound.


Oxalic acid is a white crystalline solid that forms a colorless solution in water.
Leaves of the tea plant (Camellia sinensis) contain among the greatest measured concentrations of Oxalic acid relative to other plants.
Oxalic acid (CAS 6153-56-6), is an organic compound also known as Oxalic acid.
Oxalic acid forms a clear, colorless solution in water and has the chemical formula C2H2O4.



USES and APPLICATIONS of OXALIC ACID:
Oxalic acid is used in the dyeing process as a mordant
Oxalic acid is used in removing rust
In lanthanide chemistry, Oxalic acid is used as an important reagent


Oxalic acid is applied on marble sculptures to make it shine
Oxalic acid is used in the manufacture of dye
Oxalic acid has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).


Oxalic acid is used in the following areas: building & construction work and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Oxalic acid is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, , metals, machinery and vehicles and furniture.
Oxalic acid is used in bleaches


Oxalic acid is used in removing food and ink stains
Oxalic acid and its antimony salts are used as mordant in textile dyeing in industry.
Oxalic acid's usefulness in rust removal agents is that ferrous iron forms a stable, water-soluble salt with the ferrioxalate ion.


Oxalic acid is used in developing photographic film
Oxalic acid is used in wastewater treatment to remove the calcium deposit.
Oxalic acid is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.


Oxalic acid is used in the following products: coating products, polishes and waxes and washing & cleaning products.
Other release to the environment of Oxalic acid is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.


Other release to the environment of Oxalic acid is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).


Oxalic acid can be found in products with material based on: leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture).
Oxalic acid's main applications include cleaning or bleaching, especially for the removal of rust.
Oxalic acid's utility in rust removal agents is due to Oxalic acid's forming a stable, water-soluble salt with ferric iron, ferrioxalate ion.


Oxalic acid is used in the following products: non-metal-surface treatment products, metal surface treatment products, washing & cleaning products, coating products, metal working fluids, polishes and waxes, laboratory chemicals and pH regulators and water treatment products.
Oxalic acid is used in the following areas: building & construction work.


Oxalic acid is used for the manufacture of: furniture, , wood and wood products, pulp, paper and paper products and chemicals.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.


Oxalic acid’s main applications include cleaning or bleaching, especially for the removal of rust.
Oxalic acid's utility in rust removal agents is due to its forming a stable, water-soluble salt with ferric iron, ferrioxalate ion.
Oxalic acid is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, washing & cleaning products, laboratory chemicals, non-metal-surface treatment products, metal surface treatment products, water softeners, water treatment chemicals and pharmaceuticals.


Release to the environment of Oxalic acid can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, manufacturing of the substance, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), formulation in materials, in processing aids at industrial sites and as processing aid.


Other release to the environment of Oxalic acid is likely to occur from: indoor use.
Oxalic acid is used in the following products: coating products, polishes and waxes and washing & leaning products.
Oxalic acid is used for the manufacture of: furniture, wood and wood products, pulp, paper and paper products and chemicals.


Oxalic acid is one of the organic compounds and occurs in various vegetables and plants.
Oxalic acid is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals, metal surface treatment products, leather treatment products, textile treatment products and dyes, non-metal-surface treatment products, washing & cleaning products, water softeners, water treatment chemicals and polymers.


Release to the environment of Oxalic acid can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, in the production of articles, formulation of mixtures and manufacturing of the substance.


Release to the environment of Oxalic acid can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), formulation in materials, in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles and as processing aid.


Oxalic acid is used to destroy warts.
Oxalic acid is used as a mordant in dyeing processes.
Dilute solutions (0.05–0.15 M) of Oxalic acid can be used to remove iron from clays such as kaolinite to produce light-colored ceramics.


Oxalic acid’s conjugate base is the hydrogen oxalate anion and its conjugate base (commonly known as oxalate) is a competitive lactate dehydrogenase (often abbreviated to LDH) enzyme inhibitor.
LDH catalyses the conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid (end product of the fermentation, which is an anaerobic process) oxidizing coenzyme NADH to NAD+ and H+ at the same time.


As a recommended surface pretreatment for stainless steels (surface etch) before application of solid metal or polymer self-lubricating coatings.
Restoring NAD+ levels is necessary if anaerobic energy metabolism is to continue through glycolysis.
Because cancer cells preferentially use anaerobic metabolism, LDH inhibition has been shown to inhibit tumour development and growth.


Thus, Oxalic acid provides an interesting possible course for the treatment of certain cancers.
Oxalic acid is sometimes used in the aluminum anodizing process, with or without sulfuric acid.
Compared to sulfuric acid anodizing, the coatings obtained are thinner and exhibit lower surface roughness.


Oxalic acid's main applications include cleaning or bleaching, especially for the removal of rust (iron complexing agent).
The two aqueous dihydrates of oxalic acid are used in alkalimetry and manganometry, rarely in the separation of earth metals and in the quantitative analysis of calcium.


Vaporized Oxalic acid, or a 6% solution of Oxalic acid in sugar syrup, is used by some beekeepers as an insecticide against the parasitic Varroa mite.
Oxalic acid is used for polishing stones and marble.
Effectively bleaches unfinished or stripped wood quickly and easily.


Instead of products containing heavy metals and residues, Oxalic acid hydrate from reliable places should be used.
Oxalic acid is also widely used as a wood bleach, most often in its crystalline form to be mixed with water to Oxalic acid's proper dilution for use.
Oxalic acid is used in the control of varroa in organic and conventional beekeeping in the food field.


Oxalic acid is used as bleach, especially for pulpwood.
Also, Oxalic acid is used in baking powder and as the third reagent in silica analysis instruments.
Oxalic acid is used as a cleaning chemical in coating processes.


Oxalic acid is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals, metal surface treatment products, leather treatment products, textile treatment products and dyes, non-metal-surface treatment products, washing & cleaning products, water softeners, water treatment chemicals and polymers.


Oxalic acid main applications include cleaning or bleaching (iron complexing agent), especially to remove rust.
Oxalic acid is widely used as an acid rinse in laundries, where Oxalic acid is effective in removing rust and ink stains because Oxalic acid converts most insoluble iron compounds into a soluble complex ion.


Oxalic acid naturally occurs in many plants and vegetables and is often used in freckle and bleaching cosmetic preparations.
Oxalic acid is the chief constituent of many commercial preparations used for removing scale from automobile radiators.
Oxalic acid is also used in bleaches, especially for pulpwood, and for rust removal and other cleaning, in baking powder, and as a third reagent in silica analysis instruments.


Oxalic acid's usefulness in rust removal agents is that ferrous iron forms a stable, water-soluble salt with the ferrioxalate ion.
In the beekeeping industry, Oxalic acid's evaporated form or Oxalic acid's 3.2% solution in sugar syrup can be used by some beekeepers as a killing agent against parasitic varroa mite.


Wood bleach - To bleach old and stained wood removing tannin stains and water stains
The cleaning product contains Oxalic acid.
Oxalic acid is an ingredient in some tooth whitening products.


About 25% of produced Oxalic acid will be used as a mordant in dyeing processes.
Niche uses: Oxalic acid is used by some beekeepers as a miticide against the parasitic varroa mite.
Oxalic acid is used in bleaches, especially for pulpwood.


Oxalic acid is also used in baking powder and as a third reagent in silica analysis instruments.
Oxalic acid is an important reagent in lanthanide chemistry.
Hydrated lanthanide oxalate forms readily in very strongly acidic solutions, in a densely crystallized, easily leached state, primarily free of contamination by non-lanthanide elements.


Oxalic acid, a pathogenicity factor for sclerotinia sclerotiorum, suppresses the Oxidative burst of the host plant and directly inhibits the OGA-stimulated production of H2O2 by soybean cells, even in the absence of other fungal components.
Thermal decomposition of this oxalate yields oxides, the most marketed form of these elements.


Oxalic acid is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Evaporated oxalic acid or a 3.2% solution of oxalic acid in sugar syrup is used by some beekeepers as a killer against parasitic insects.


Release to the environment of Oxalic acid can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, in the production of articles, formulation of mixtures and manufacturing of the substance.


Oxalic acid used in the control of varroa in honey bees is oxalic acid hydrate with the chemical formula C2H2O4 - 2H2O.
Instead of products containing heavy metals and residues, oxalic acid hydrate from reliable places should be used.
Oxalic acid is rubbed on the finished marble sculptures and seals the surface and adds shine.


Oxalic acid is used in the following products: non-metal-surface treatment products, metal surface treatment products, washing & cleaning products, coating products, metal working fluids, polishes and waxes, laboratory chemicals and pH regulators and water treatment products.
Oxalic acid is also used to clean iron and manganese deposits from quartz crystals.


Oxalic acid is used as a bleaching agent for leather and wood.
The two aqueous dihydrates of Oxalic acid are used in alkalimetry and manganometry, rarely in the separation of earth metals and in the quantitative analysis of calcium.


Oxalic acid is used as a bleach for wood to remove black stains caused by water penetration.
Oxalic acid dihydrate is a diprotic reducing agent used as a buffer
Oxalic acid is used to remove rust in the plumbing pipes and kitchen counters.


Oxalic acid is the main component of commercial rust removers used to remove metal rust stains from sinks and tubs.
Oxalic acid is used in bleaches, especially for pulpwood.
Oxalic acid is also used in baking powder and as a third reagent in silica analysis instruments.


Effectively bleaches unfinished or stripped wood quickly and easily.
Oxalic acid's also excellent for removing black water spots and tannin stains in wood.
Oxalic acid is used as a bleach for wood to remove black stains caused by water penetration.


Oxalic acid can also be used to freshen wood colour if Oxalic acid has become grayed due to external exposure.
Oxalic acid is widely used as an acid rinse in laundries, where it is effective in removing rust and ink stains because it converts most insoluble iron compounds into a soluble complex ion.


For the same reason, Oxalic acid is the chief constituent of many commercial preparations used for removing scale from automobile radiators.
Oxalic acid is used in the following areas: building & construction work.
Oxalic acid is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, metals, machinery and vehicles and furniture.


Rust removal- in removing rust on boats, in automotive shops and in restoring antiques in rust stain removal without harming Gel coat, fibre glass, steel and other metal surfaces for pre-treating stainless steel
For removing hard water stains from tiles and plumbing fixtures as a precipitator in rare earth mineral processing


Oxalic acid is an important reagent in Lanthanide chemistry.
Oxalic acid is used as a mordant in dyeing processes.
Oxalic acid is used as a rust remover in such applications as automotive shops and for the restoration of antiques.


Oxalic acid is a reducing agent and is used as a chelating agent with oxalate as its conjugate base.
Oxalic acid has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Oxalic acid is used in the following areas: building & construction work and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.


Oxalic acid and Oxalic acid's antimony salts are used as mordant in textile dyeing in industry.
Oxalic acid is used in the control of varroa in organic and conventional beekeeping in the food field.
Available in various quantities, purities, and reagent grades; used as a mordant, acid rinse, rust removal agent, bleach component, lanthanide chemistry reagent, etc.


Oxalic acid can be used to clean minerals like many other acids.
Two such examples are quartz crystals and pyrite.
Oxalic acid is sometimes used in the aluminum anodizing process, with or without sulfuric acid.


Compared to sulfuric acid anodizing, the coatings obtained are thinner and exhibit lower surface roughness.
Oxalic acid’s also excellent for removing black water spots and tannin stains in wood.
Oxalic acid is Suitable for outdoor use.


Oxalic acid is also widely used as a wood bleach, most often in its crystalline form to be mixed with water to its proper dilution for use.
Oxalic acid is necessary to use appropriate strippers and cleaners to remove coatings.
In wood restorers where the acid dissolves away a layer of dry surface wood to expose fresh material underneath.


Oxalic acid is also sometimes used in the aluminum anodizing process, with or without sulfuric acid.
Compared to the sulfuric acid anodizing, the coatings obtained are thinner and exhibit a lower surface roughness.
Oxalic acid is Suitable for outdoor use.


Oxalic acid is used as a mordant in dyeing processes.
Oxalic acid's main applications include cleaning or bleaching, especially for the removal of rust (iron complexing agent).
Its utility in rust removal agents is due to its forming a stable, water-soluble salt with ferric iron, ferrioxalate ion.


There are many Oxalic acid applications that we can take from various sources.
Up to 25% of Oxalic acid produced will be used as a mordant in dyeing processes.
There are various uses of Oxalic acid and the most significant one is in the cleaning industry i.e. in places like laundries, bleaching, dyeing, etc


Oxalic acid is an ingredient in some tooth whitening products.
About 25% of produced oxalic acid will be used as a mordant in dyeing processes.
Oxalic acid is used to clean minerals.


Other release to the environment of Oxalic acid is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use
Oxalic acid is a strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables and can be used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.


Oxalic acid is also used in bleaches, especially for pulpwood, and for rust removal and other cleaning, in baking powder, and as a third reagent in silica analysis instruments.
Oxalic acid plays a key role in the interaction between pathogenic fungi and plants.


Other release to the environment of Oxalic acid is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Oxalic acid is widely used in laundry to effectively remove ink stains and in industries for the removal of rust.


For the same reason, Oxalic acid is the main component of many commercial preparations used to remove scale from car radiators.
Oxalic acid is used in the synthesis of cleaning products.
Oxalic acid is also used as a marble polishing and grinding agent.


Oxalic acid is used together with stearic acid in the production of marble polishing powder.
Oxalic acid is used as a grinding agent in preparing & polishing stones & marble in restoring furniture
Oxalic acid can be used as a reducing agent in photography.


Small amounts of oxalic acid enhances plant resistance to fungi, but higher amounts cause widespread programmed cell death of the plant and help with fungi infection.
Plants normally produce it in small amounts, but some pathogenic fungi such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum cause a toxic accumulation.


Oxalic acid's utility in rust removal agents is due to Oxalic acid's forming a stable, water-soluble salt with ferric iron, ferrioxalate ion.
Oxalate, besides being biosynthesised, may also be biodegraded.
Oxalobacter formigenes is an important gut bacterium that helps animals (including humans) degrade oxalate.


Oxalic acid is a relatively strong organic acid with many commercial uses especially in the carpentry and joinery trades in the UK.
Oxalic acid is also used to clean iron and manganese deposits from quartz crystals.
In the refinishing of wooden furniture, Oxalic acid can be used after stripping to lighten darker stained areas.


Oxalic acid can also be used as a rust remover and a stain remover in many other applications.
When using on wood the wood must be free of all coatings, waxes & oils.
Oxalic acid is used as an additive to automotive wheel cleaners.


Oxalic acid is used as a mordant in dyeing processes.
Evaporated Oxalic acid or a 3.2% solution of Oxalic acid in sugar syrup is used by some beekeepers as a killer against parasitic insects.
Oxalic acid is used to clean minerals.


Oxalic acid main applications include cleaning or bleaching (iron complexing agent), especially to remove rust.
Oxalic acid is rubbed on the finished marble sculptures and seals the surface and adds shine.
Oxalic acid is used as a buffer in chromatographic separation, dechelation and deproteinization in tandem with acetonitrile and/or other solvents.
Oxalic acid is generally used as a mordant, reducing agent and bleaching agent for the dyeing and printing industry.


-Industrial use of Oxalic acid:
In industry, Oxalic acid is primarily used in mineral processing mechanisms.
In addition, Oxalic acid can be used to sterilize equipment, and people in the textile industry use Oxalic acid to bleach clothes.
Oxalic acid is also used in factories for removing rust from metallic equipment.


-Niche uses:
Oxalic acid is used by some beekeepers as a miticide against the parasitic varroa mite.
Dilute solutions (0.05–0.15 M) of oxalic acid can be used to remove iron from clays such as kaolinite to produce light-colored ceramics.


-The polishing powder obtained is applied on the marble and processed.
A chemical reaction occurs.
After polishing, polishing is done.
In this way, it protects the marble against external effects for a long time.


-Semiconductor industry:
Oxalic acid is also used in electronic and semiconductor industries.
In 2006 Oxalic acid was reported being used in electrochemical–mechanical planarization of copper layers in the semiconductor devices fabrication process.


-How to use Oxalic acid:
Prepare a solution by dissolving 60g of Oxalic acid in 1 litre of water, apply to stain or rust and allow to work for 20-30 minutes.
Always rinse thoroughly with clean water.
For wood bleaching it is recommended to neutralize after treatment with a borax solution (3 tablespoons of borax dissolved in 1 litre of water).


-Removing marks, stains and rust:
Oxalic acid is mainly used for the most demanding cleaning operations.
Oxalic acid effectively removes all kinds of marks and stains from the surface of the object.
Oxalic acid is a gentle stain remover that eats up stains but leaves the base as it is.
Acids have similar properties to bleach and can be used, for example, to remove rust on metals such as plumbing pipes, kitchen countertops etc.
Some cleaning agents, laundry detergents, and bleaches contain some of this acid.
Oxalic acid is also ideal for polishing virtually all stones and disposing of waste wood.


-Semiconductor industry:
Oxalic acid is also used in electronic and semiconductor industries.
In 2006 it was reported being used in electrochemical–mechanical planarization of copper layers in the semiconductor devices fabrication process


-Extractive Metallurgy:
Oxalic acid is a primary reagent in lanthanide chemistry.
Hydrated lanthanide oxalates readily form in very strongly acidic solutions in easily filtered form, a densely crystalline, and as largely free of contamination by non-lanthanide elements.
This oxalate thermal decomposition gives the oxides, the most commonly marketed form of these elements.


-Uses of Oxalic acid:
*Metal Cleaner
*Radiator Cleaner
*Leather Tanning
*Bleaching Agent
*Rust Remover
*Stain & Ink Remover


-Medical use of Oxalic acid:
In the medical field, companies use acids to further purify or dilute certain chemicals.
However, there is little data on the health benefits of Oxalic acid.
-Oxalic acid is mainly used as a reducing element in the development of photographic film.
-Oxalic acid is also used in wastewater treatment plants to effectively remove lime from water.


-Oxalic acid is used:
*Oxalic Acid 99.6% Purifying agent in pharmaceutical industry, special in antibiotic medication, such as oxytetracycline,Chloramphenicol etc;
*Oxalic Acid 99.6% Precipitating agent in Rare-earth mineral processing;
*Bleaching agent in the textile activities, wood pulp bleaching;
Rust-remover for metal treatment;
*Oxalic Acid 99.6% Grinding agent, such as marble polishing;
*Oxalic Acid 99.6% Waste water treatment, removing calcium from water.


-Cleaning:
Oxalic acid application mainly includes bleaching or cleaning, especially Oxalic acid as a rust remover (an iron complexing agent).
Oxalic acid's utility in rust removal agents is because Oxalic acid forms a stable, water-soluble salt with ferrioxalate ion and ferric iron.



PREPARATION of OXALIC ACID:
Oxalic acid is mainly manufactured by the oxidation of carbohydrates or glucose using nitric acid or air in the presence of vanadium pentoxide.
A variety of precursors can be used including glycolic acid and ethylene glycol.
A newer method entails oxidative carbonylation of alcohols to give the diesters of Oxalic acid:

4 ROH + 4 CO + O2 → 2 (CO2R)2 + 2 H2O
These diesters are subsequently hydrolyzed to Oxalic acid.
Approximately 120,000 tonnes are produced annually.

Historically Oxalic acid was obtained exclusively by using caustics, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, on sawdust, followed by acidification of the oxalate by mineral acids, such as sulfuric acid.
Oxalic acid can also be formed by the heating of sodium formate in the presence of an alkaline catalyst.



WHAT IS OXALIC ACID USED FOR?
Although oxalic acid naturally occurs in plants and humans, it also has a variety of uses in industry.
These uses include:
*removing rust
*removing stains
*stripping and cleaning
*removing wax
*cleaning wood
*dyeing textiles
Laboratories may also use oxalic acid and oxalate salts as anticoagulants in blood specimens.



LABORATORY METHODS of OXALIC ACID:
Although Oxalic acid can be readily purchased, Oxalic acid can be prepared in the laboratory by oxidizing sucrose using nitric acid in the presence of a small amount of vanadium pentoxide as a catalyst.

The hydrated solid can be dehydrated with heat or by azeotropic distillation.
Developed in the Netherlands, an electrocatalysis by a copper complex helps reduce carbon dioxide to Oxalic acid; this conversion uses carbon dioxide as a feedstock to generate Oxalic acid.

Anhydrous Oxalic acid exists as two polymorphs; in one the hydrogen-bonding results in a chain-like structure, whereas the hydrogen bonding pattern in the other form defines a sheet-like structure.
Because the anhydrous material is both acidic and hydrophilic (water seeking), it is used in esterifications.



HISTORY of OXALIC ACID:
The preparation of salts of Oxalic acid (crab acid) from plants had been known, at least since 1745, when the Dutch botanist and physician Herman Boerhaave isolated a salt from wood sorrel.
By 1773, François Pierre Savary of Fribourg, Switzerland had isolated Oxalic acid from its salt in sorrel.

In 1776, Swedish chemists Carl Wilhelm Scheele and Torbern Olof Bergman produced Oxalic acid by reacting sugar with concentrated nitric acid; Scheele called the acid that resulted socker-syra or såcker-syra (sugar acid).
By 1784, Scheele had shown that "sugar acid" and Oxalic acid from natural sources were identical.

In 1824, the German chemist Friedrich Wöhler obtained Oxalic acid by reacting cyanogen with ammonia in aqueous solution.
This experiment may represent the first synthesis of a natural product.



DIHYDRATE:
The dihydrate H2C2O4.2H2O has space group C52h–P21/n, with lattice parameters a = 611.9 pm, b = 360.7 pm, c = 1205.7 pm, β = 106°19', Z = 2.
The main inter-atomic distances are: C−C 153 pm, C−O1 129 pm, C−O2 119 pm.

Theoretical studies indicate that Oxalic acid dihydrate is one of very few crystalline substances that exhibit negative area compressibility.
Namely, when subjected to isotropic tension stress (negative pressure), the a and c lattice parameters increase as the stress decreases from −1.17 GPa to −0.12 GPa and from −1.17 GPa to −0.51 GPa, respectively.



PREPARATION OF OXALIC ACID:
Oxalic acid is mainly manufactured by the oxidation of carbohydrates or glucose using nitric acid or air in the presence of vanadium pentoxide.
A variety of precursors can be used including glycolic acid and ethylene glycol.
A newer method entails oxidative carbonylation of alcohols to give the diesters of oxalic acid:

4 ROH + 4 CO + O2 → 2 (CO2R)2 + 2 H2O
These diesters are subsequently hydrolyzed to oxalic acid. Approximately 120,000 tonnes are produced annually.
Historically oxalic acid was obtained exclusively by using caustics, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, on sawdust, followed by acidification of the oxalate by mineral acids, such as sulfuric acid.
Oxalic acid can also be formed by the heating of sodium formate in the presence of an alkaline catalyst.



LABORATORY METHODS OF OXALIC ACID:
Although it can be readily purchased, oxalic acid can be prepared in the laboratory by oxidizing sucrose using nitric acid in the presence of a small amount of vanadium pentoxide as a catalyst.
The hydrated solid can be dehydrated with heat or by azeotropic distillation.
Developed in the Netherlands, an electrocatalysis by a copper complex helps reduce carbon dioxide to oxalic acid; this conversion uses carbon dioxide as a feedstock to generate oxalic acid.



STRUCTURE OF OXALIC ACID:
Anhydrous:
Anhydrous oxalic acid exists as two polymorphs; in one the hydrogen-bonding results in a chain-like structure, whereas the hydrogen bonding pattern in the other form defines a sheet-like structure.
Because the anhydrous material is both acidic and hydrophilic (water seeking), it is used in esterifications.



OXALIC ACID FORMULA:
Oxalic acid is a dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula C2H2O4. Oxalic acid occurs in the cell sap of Oxalis and Rumex species of plants as potassium and calcium salt.
In an aqueous solution, oxalic acid is a weak acid that will only partially ionise.
Oxalic acid has two acidic protons.
The initial ionisation yields HC2O4-, a weak acid that will ionise as well.
Oxalic acid is one of the most powerful of the organic acids and expels carbonic acid and many other acids from their salts.
Oxalic acid is produced by the action of either hydrate of potash or of nitric acid upon most organic compounds of natural occurrence.
Oxalic acid is also called diprotic acid.



OXALIC ACID OCCURS NATURALLY IN MANY PLANTS LIKE THE FOLLOWING:
*Fruits
*Cocoa
*Leafy green vegetables
*Nuts
*Seeds
*Spinach
*Sweet potatoes
*Star fruit
*Turnip greens
*Endive
*Swiss chard
*Beet greens



EQUIVALENT WEIGHT OF OXALIC ACID (CALCULATION):
The molar mass of hydrated oxalic acid is 126 grams per mole.
Since the chemical formula of this compound can be written as COOH-COOH, it can be understood that oxalic acid is a dibasic acid which has the ability to donate two H+ ions.

Therefore, the equivalent weight of oxalic acid can be calculated with the help of the following formula:
Equivalent weight = (molecular weight)/(number of equivalent moles)

Since 1 mole of oxalic acid can release 2 moles of H+ ions and neutralize 2 moles of OH– ions, the number of equivalent moles here is equal to 2.
Thus, the equivalent weight of oxalic acid can be calculated as follows:

Equivalent mass of oxalic acid = molecular mass of oxalic acid/2 = 126g/2 = 63 grams.
Therefore, the equivalent weight of oxalic acid is 63 grams.



OXALIC ACID STRUCTURE:
In its anhydrous form, Oxalic acid can be noted that oxalic acid exists in two different polymorphs.
In the first polymorph of oxalic acid, hydrogen bonding takes place.

Due to this hydrogen bonding, a chain-like structure is developed at the intermolecular level.
The second polymorph of Oxalic acid is also subject to hydrogen bonding.
However, in this case, the hydrogen bonding attributes a sheet-like structure to Oxalic acid at the intermolecular level.

Oxalic acid is widely used in esterification reactions owing to two important properties.
The first property that makes oxalic acid ideal for esterification reactions is its acidic nature.
The second and most important property of oxalic acid is its hydrophilic nature (it tends to seek water).



PREPARATION OF OXALIC ACID:
Oxalic acid can be easily prepared by oxidation of certain carbohydrates like sucrose by concentrating nitric acid.
During oxidation, the carbon atoms are split off in pairs giving oxalic acid.



PRODUCTION OF OXALIC ACID:
Oxalic acid is mainly produced by the oxidation of carbohydrates or glucose in the presence of vanadium pentoxide using nitric acid or air.
Various precursors can be used, including glycolic acid and ethylene glycol.
A newer method requires oxidative carbonylation of alcohols to yield oxalic acid diesters.

4 ROH + 4 CO + 02 → 2 (CO2R) 2 + 2H20

Oxalic acid is one of the most well-known plant-derived organic acids.
Oxalic acid, which is shown with the chemical formula COOH2, is found in nature as a calcium salt in the rhubarb plant, in the plant called sorrel as the sodium salt, and in the sap of some plants.
Most plant sources contain this organic acid.

Plants such as spinach, tomatoes, sorrel are in it.
Because it is an acid, it can form a salt with an ion in the environment.
Oxalic acid, which enters a biologically living system and body, forms salts with ions there.
Calcium oxalate, which is the most common salt, accumulates in the body, usually in the urinary system, especially in the kidneys, causing stone formation.



PRODUCTION OF OXALIC ACID BY FUNGI:
Many soil fungus species secrete oxalic acid, resulting in greater solubility of metal cations, increased availability of certain soil nutrients, and can lead to the formation of calcium oxalate crystals.
Some fungi such as Aspergillus niger have been extensively studied for the industrial production of oxalic acid; however, those processes are not yet economically competitive with production from oil and gas.



BIOCHEMISTRY of OXALIC ACID:
The conjugate base of Oxalic acid is the hydrogenoxalate anion, and Oxalic acid's conjugate base (oxalate) is a competitive inhibitor of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme.

LDH catalyses the conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid (end product of the fermentation (anaerobic) process) oxidising the coenzyme NADH to NAD+ and H+ concurrently.
Restoring NAD+ levels is essential to the continuation of anaerobic energy metabolism through glycolysis.

As cancer cells preferentially use anaerobic metabolism (see Warburg effect) inhibition of LDH has been shown to inhibit tumor formation and growth, thus is an interesting potential course of cancer treatment.

Oxalic acid plays an key role in the interaction between pathogenic fungi and plants.
Small amounts of Oxalic acid enhances plant resistance to fungi, but higher amounts cause widespread programmed cell death of the plant and help with fungi infection.

Plants normally produce Oxalic acid in small amounts, but some pathogenic fungi such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum cause a toxic accumulation.
Oxalate, besides being biosynthesised, may also be biodegraded.
Oxalobacter formigenes is an important gut bacteria that helps animals (including humans) degrade oxalate.



REACTIONS OF OXALIC ACID:
Acid-base properties:
Oxalic acid's pKa values vary in the literature from 1.25–1.46 and 3.81–4.40.
The 100th ed of the CRC, released in 2019, has values of 1.25 and 3.81.
Oxalic acid is relatively strong compared to other carboxylic acids:

C2O4H2 ⇌ C2O4H− + H+ pKa = 1.27
C2O4H− ⇌ C2O2−4 + H+ pKa = 4.27
Oxalic acid undergoes many of the reactions characteristic of other carboxylic acids.
Oxalic acid forms esters such as dimethyl oxalate (m.p. 52.5 to 53.5 °C, 126.5 to 128.3 °F).
Oxalic acid forms an acid chloride called oxalyl chloride.



METAL-BINDING PROPERTIES OF OXALIC ACID:
Transition metal oxalate complexes are numerous, e.g. the drug oxaliplatin.
Oxalic acid has shown to reduce manganese dioxide MnO
2 in manganese ores to allow the leaching of the metal by sulfuric acid.

Oxalic acid is an important reagent in lanthanide chemistry.
Hydrated lanthanide oxalates form readily in very strongly acidic solutions as a densely crystalline, easily filtered form, largely free of contamination by nonlanthanide elements:

2 Ln3+ + 3 C2O4H2 → Ln2(C2O4)3 + 6 H+
Thermal decomposition of these oxalates gives the oxides, which is the most commonly marketed form of these elements.



OTHER:
Oxalic acid and oxalates can be oxidized by permanganate in an autocatalytic reaction.
Oxalic acid vapor decomposes at 125–175 °C into carbon dioxide CO
2 and formic acid HCOOH.
Photolysis with 237–313 nm UV light also produces carbon monoxide CO and water.

Evaporation of a solution of urea and oxalic acid in 2:1 molar ratio yields a solid crystalline compound H
2C2O4.[CO(NH2)2]2, consisting of stacked two-dimensional networks of the neutral molecules held together by hydrogen bonds with the oxygen atoms.



OCCURRENCE of OXALIC ACID:
Biosynthesis:
At least two pathways exist for the enzyme-mediated formation of oxalate.

In one pathway, oxaloacetate, a component of the Krebs citric acid cycle, is hydrolyzed to oxalate and acetic acid by the enzyme oxaloacetase:
[O2CC(O)CH2CO2]2− + H2O → C2O2−4 + CH3CO−2 + H+
It also arises from the dehydrogenation of glycolic acid, which is produced by the metabolism of ethylene glycol.

Oxalic acid and oxalates are abundantly present in many plants, most notably fat hen (lamb's quarters), sour grass, and sorrel (including Oxalis).
The root and/or leaves of rhubarb and buckwheat are listed being high in Oxalic acid.

Foods that are edible but that still contain significant concentrations of Oxalic acid include—in decreasing order—star fruit (carambola), black pepper, parsley, poppy seed, rhubarb stalks, amaranth, spinach, chard, beets, cocoa, chocolate, most nuts, most berries, and beans.
The gritty “mouth feel” one experiences when drinking milk with a rhubarb dessert is caused by precipitation of calcium oxalate.
Thus even dilute amounts of Oxalic acid can readily "crack" the casein found in various dairy products.



OCCURRENCE IN FOODS AND PLANTS of OXALIC ACID:
Early investigators isolated Oxalic acid from wood-sorrel (Oxalis).
Members of the spinach family and the brassicas (cabbage, broccoli, brussels sprouts) are high in oxalates, as are sorrel and umbellifers like parsley.

The leaves and stems of all species of the genus Chenopodium and related genera of the family Amaranthaceae, which includes quinoa, contain high levels of Oxalic acid.
Rhubarb leaves contain about 0.5% Oxalic acid, and jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum) contains calcium oxalate crystals.

Similarly, the Virginia creeper, a common decorative vine, produces Oxalic acid in its berries as well as oxalate crystals in the sap, in the form of raphides.
Bacteria produce oxalates from oxidation of carbohydrates.

Plants of the genus Fenestraria produce optical fibers made from crystalline Oxalic acid to transmit light to subterranean photosynthetic sites.
Carambola, also known as starfruit, also contains Oxalic acid along with caramboxin.
Citrus juice contains small amounts of Oxalic acid.

Citrus fruits produced in organic agriculture contain less Oxalic acid than those produced in conventional agriculture.
The formation of naturally occurring calcium oxalate patinas on certain limestone and marble statues and monuments has been proposed to be caused by the chemical reaction of the carbonate stone with Oxalic acid secreted by lichen or other microorganisms.

Production by fungi:
Many soil fungus species secrete Oxalic acid, resulting in greater solubility of metal cations, increased availability of certain soil nutrients, and can lead to the formation of calcium oxalate crystals.
Some fungi such as Aspergillus niger have been extensively studied for the industrial production of Oxalic acid; however, those processes are not yet economically competitive with production from oil and gas.



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS of OXALIC ACID:
*Carboxylic acids
*Organic oxides
*Hydrocarbon derivatives
*Carbonyl compounds



SUBSTITUENTS of OXALIC ACID:
*Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
*Carboxylic acid
*Organic oxygen compound
*Organic oxide
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Organooxygen compound
*Carbonyl group
*Aliphatic acyclic compound



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of OXALIC ACID:
Chemical formula: C2H2O4
Molar mass: 90.034 g·mol−1 (anhydrous)
126.065 g·mol−1 (dihydrate)
Appearance: White crystals
Odor: Odorless
Density: 1.90 g·cm3 (anhydrous, at 17 °C)
1.653 g·cm−3 (dihydrate)
Melting point: 189 to 191 °C (372 to 376 °F; 462 to 464 K)
101.5 °C (214.7 °F; 374.6 K) dihydrate
Solubility in water: 46.9 g/L (5 °C), 57.2 (10 °C),
75.5 (15 °C), 95.5 (20 °C), 118 (25 °C), 139 (30 °C),
178 (35 °C), 217 (40 °C), 261 (45 °C), 315 (50 °C),
376 (55 °C), 426 (60 °C), 548 (65 °C)
Solubility: 237 g/L (15 °C) in ethanol
14 g/L (15 °C) in diethyl ether
Vapor pressure: Acidity (pKa): 1.25, 4.14
Conjugate base: Hydrogenoxalate
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −60.05·10−6 cm3/mol
Heat capacity (C): 91.0 J·mol−1·K−1
Std molar entropy (S⦵298): 109.8 J·mol−1·K−1
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −829.9 kJ·mol−1

Molecular Weight: 90.03 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -0.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 89.99530854 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 89.99530854 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 74.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 71.5
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: crystalline
Color: white
Odor: odorless

Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 189,5 °C - dec.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 1,3 at 9 g/l
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 1,9 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available

Molecular Weight: 90.03
Molecular Weight: 90.03
XLogP3-AA: -0.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 89.99530854
Monoisotopic Mass: 89.99530854
Topological Polar Surface Area: 74.6 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 71.5
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance Form: powder
Color: white
Odor: odorless
Odor Threshold: Not applicable
pH: 1,3 at 9 g/l
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 189,5 °C - dec.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lowe flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available

Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
Molecular Formula: C2H6O6
Average mass: 126.065 Da
Monoisotopic mass: 126.016441 Da
Boiling point: 149 - 160 °C (1013 hPa) (decomposition)
Density 1.65 g/cm3 (20 °C)

Flash point: 157 °C (decomposition)
Melting Point: 98 - 100 °C
pH value: 1.5 (10 g/l, H₂O)
Vapor pressure: 0.000312 hPa (25 °C)
Bulk density: 813 kg/m3
Solubility: >100 g/l
Chemical formula: C2H2O4
Molar mass: 90.034 g•mol−1 (anhydrous), 126.065 g•mol−1 (dihydrate)
Appearance: White crystals
Odor: odorless
Density: 1.90 g•cm−3 (anhydrous, at 17 °C), 1.653 g•cm−3 (dihydrate)
Melting point: 189 to 191 °C, 101.5 °C (214.7 °F; 374.6 K) dihydrate
Solubility in water: 90-100 g/L (20 °C)
Solubility: 237 g/L (15 °C) in ethanol, 14 g/L (15 °C) in diethyl ether
Vapor pressure: Acidity (pKa): 1.25, 4.14
Conjugate base: Hydrogenoxalate
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -60.05•10−6 cm3/mol



FIRST AID MEASURES of OXALIC ACID:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of OXALIC ACID:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of OXALIC ACID:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of OXALIC ACID:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains



HANDLING and STORAGE of OXALIC ACID:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Storage conditions
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of OXALIC ACID:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Oxalic acid
Ethanedioic acid
Wood bleach
Crab Acid
(Carboxyl)carboxylic acid
Carboxylformic acid
Dicarboxylic acid
Diformic acid
[Ethanedioato(2-)-?O1,?O2]-magnesium
144-62-7
1o4n
1t5a
2dua
2hwg
4-02-00-01819 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
48J
745-EP2269610A2
745-EP2269989A1
745-EP2269990A1
745-EP2270002A1
745-EP2270006A1
745-EP2270011A1
745-EP2270113A1
745-EP2270505A1
745-EP2272516A2
745-EP2272537A2
745-EP2272827A1
745-EP2272837A1
745-EP2272847A1
745-EP2275404A1
745-EP2275410A1
745-EP2275411A2
745-EP2275412A1
745-EP2275424A1
745-EP2277622A1
745-EP2277848A1
745-EP2277858A1
745-EP2277866A1
745-EP2277867A2
745-EP2280000A1
745-EP2280003A2
745-EP2280008A2
745-EP2280010A2
745-EP2280012A2
745-EP2281563A1
745-EP2281823A2
745-EP2284149A1
745-EP2284160A1
745-EP2284169A1
745-EP2284178A2
745-EP2284179A2
745-EP2286811A1
745-EP2287147A2
745-EP2287152A2
745-EP2287157A1
745-EP2287160A1
745-EP2287161A1
745-EP2287162A1
745-EP2289510A1
745-EP2289876A1
745-EP2289877A1
745-EP2289879A1
745-EP2289883A1
745-EP2289894A2
745-EP2292227A2
745-EP2292234A1
745-EP2292593A2
745-EP2292597A1
745-EP2292618A1
745-EP2292624A1
745-EP2295401A2
745-EP2295402A2
745-EP2295406A1
745-EP2295414A1
745-EP2295416A2
745-EP2295424A1
745-EP2295426A1
745-EP2295427A1
745-EP2295433A2
745-EP2298731A1
745-EP2298734A2
745-EP2298735A1
745-EP2298739A1
745-EP2298747A1
745-EP2298748A2
745-EP2298755A1
745-EP2298758A1
745-EP2298759A1
745-EP2298763A1
745-EP2298768A1
745-EP2298772A1
745-EP2298780A1
745-EP2301544A1
745-EP2301922A1
745-EP2301931A1
745-EP2301937A1
745-EP2305219A1
745-EP2305257A1
745-EP2305633A1
745-EP2305636A1
745-EP2305641A1
745-EP2305651A1
745-EP2305655A2
745-EP2305664A1
745-EP2305669A1
745-EP2305672A1
745-EP2305673A1
745-EP2305675A1
745-EP2305676A1
745-EP2305679A1
745-EP2305680A2
745-EP2305683A1
745-EP2305689A1
745-EP2308839A1
745-EP2308849A1
745-EP2308850A1
745-EP2308854A1
745-EP2308857A1
745-EP2308861A1
745-EP2308869A1
745-EP2308872A1
745-EP2308873A1
745-EP2308875A1
745-EP2311801A1
745-EP2311802A1
745-EP2311803A1
745-EP2311808A1
745-EP2311809A1
745-EP2311810A1
745-EP2311811A1
745-EP2311814A1
745-EP2311822A1
745-EP2311824A1
745-EP2311829A1
745-EP2311831A1
745-EP2311834A1
745-EP2311835A1
745-EP2311837A1
745-EP2311839A1
745-EP2314295A1
745-EP2314574A1
745-EP2314576A1
745-EP2314581A1
745-EP2314585A1
745-EP2314586A1
745-EP2314588A1
745-EP2314589A1
745-EP2314593A1
745-EP2316457A1
745-EP2316458A1
745-EP2316459A1
745-EP2316825A1
745-EP2316826A1
745-EP2316827A1
745-EP2316828A1
745-EP2316829A1
745-EP2316831A1
745-EP2316834A1
745-EP2316835A1
745-EP2316836A1
745-EP2316837A1
745-EP2371811A2
745-EP2371814A1
745-EP2374454A1
745-EP2374526A1
745-EP2374780A1
745-EP2374781A1
745-EP2374895A1
9E7R5L6H31
Acidum oxalicum
AI3-26463
AKOS005449445
Aktisal
Anhydrous oxalic acid
Aquisal
BBL003000
BDBM14674
bis((2R)-azetidine-2-carbonitrile)
bis(1-(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)ethan-1-amine)
bis(5-azaspiro[2.5]octan-8-ol)
bmse000106
BP-21133
BRN 0385686
C00209
C2-H2-O4
C2-H2-O4.Mg
C2H2O4
C2H2O4.Mg
CAS-144-62-7
Caswell No. 625
CCG-266020
CCRIS 1454
CHEBI:16995
CHEMBL146755
CS-0013716
D0U7BY
DB03902
DTXCID805816
DTXSID0025816
EC 205-634-3
EC 271-678-5
EINECS 205-634-3
EINECS 271-678-5
EN300-16428
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 009601
Ethandisaeure
Ethane-1,2-dioate
Ethane-1,2-dioic acid
ethanedioic acid
Ethanedioic acid (9CI)
Ethanedioic acid, uranium(4) salt (2:1)
Ethanedionate
Ethanedionic acid
F1B1B2D7-C290-4CE6-8550-F25B202AFADE
F2191-0257
FT-0657506
H2ox
HOOCCOOH
HSDB 1100
HY-Y0262
J-007978
oxalic acid
ethanedioic acid
Aktisal
Aquisal
oxalate
Oxiric acid
Oxalsaeure
Oxaalzuur
Kyselina stavelova
Acide oxalique
Acido ossalico
Acidum oxalicum
Caswell No. 625
Oxalicacid
NCI-C55209
Ethanedionic acid
Ethane-1,2-dioic acid
CCRIS 1454
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 009601
HSDB 1100
AI3-26463
NSC 62774
UNII-9E7R5L6H31
BRN 0385686
HOOCCOOH
C2H2O4
Oxalic acid anhydrous
CHEBI:16995
9E7R5L6H31
C2-beta-polymorph
ETHANEDIOIC ACID DIHYDRATE
Ethanedioic acid-d2
Oxalic Acid Dianion
DSSTox_CID_5816
C00209
DSSTox_RID_77935
DSSTox_GSID_25816
Oxalic acid diammonium salt
Wood bleach
OXD
NSC115893
Ethandisaeure
Ethanedionate
Oxagel
2dua
2hwg
H2ox
Anhydrous oxalic acid
Ethane-1,2-dioate
Oxalic acid, 98%
Oxalic acid (8CI)
oxalic acid 2 hydrate
Oxalic acid, anhydrous
Oxalic acid 2-Hydrate
1o4n
1t5a
Oxalate standard for IC
WLN: QVVQ
Ethanedioic acid (9CI)
Oxalic acid dihydrate ACS
Ultraplast Activate S 52
bmse000106
Oxalic Acid Low Ash Grade
NCIOpen2_000770
NCIOpen2_001022
NCIOpen2_001042
NCIOpen2_001202
NCIOpen2_008831
TETRADECANOIC-D27ACID
4-02-00-01819 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
Oxalic acid solution, 0.5 M
Oxalic acid, AR, >=99%
Oxalic acid, LR, >=98%
CHEMBL146755
DTXSID0025816
Oxalic acid solution, 0.05 M
Oxalic acid, analytical standard
BDBM14674
bis(5-azaspiro[2.5]octan-8-ol)
HY-Y0262
NSC62774
Oxalicacid,0.1NStandardizedSolution
STR01359
ZINC6021239
Tox21_202122
Tox21_303346
BBL003000
bis((2R)-azetidine-2-carbonitrile)
NSC-62774
s9354
STK379550
AKOS005449445
Oxalic acid, 5% w/v aqueous solution
CCG-266020
DB03902
MCULE-6647815245
SB40938
SB40959
SB40985
Oxalic acid, 10% w/v aqueous solution
Oxalic acid, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
NCGC00249170-01
NCGC00257376-01
NCGC00259671-01
BP-21133
H158
Oxalic acid 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
Oxalic acid, 0.1N Standardized Solution
Oxalic acid, SAJ first grade, >=97.0%
bis(1-(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)ethan-1-amine)
CS-0013716
FT-0657506
Oxalic acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
Oxalic acid, purum, anhydrous, >=97.0% (RT)
Q184832
J-007978
F1B1B2D7-C290-4CE6-8550-F25B202AFADE
F2191-0257
Oxalic acid, puriss. p.a., anhydrous, >=99.0% (RT)
Oxalic acid, purified grade, 99.999% trace metals basis
Oxalate standard for IC, 1.000 g/L in H2O, analytical standard
Oxalic acid concentrate, 0.1 M (COOH)2 (0.2N)
Oxalic acidACIDO OSSALICO (s)
Acide oxaliqueAcide(S)
Oxalique(S)
Acido OssalicoAcido
Oxalico
Aktisal
Anhydrous Oxalic Acid
AquisalÁCido(S)
OxáLico(S)
Ethanedioate
Ethanedioic Acid
Ethanedioic acid, conjugate acid (1:2)
Ethanedionic acid
Ethandisaeure
Ethane-1,2-dioic acid
Ethanedioic acid
H2Ox
HOOCCOOH
Oxalsaeure
Ethane-1,2-dioate
Ethanedioate
Oxalate
Ammonium oxalate
Ethanedioic acid dihydrate
Ethanedionate
Ethanedionic acid
Kyselina stavelova
Oxaalzuur HMDB
Oxalic acid 2-hydrate
Oxalic acid anhydrous
Oxalic acid diammonium salt
Oxalic acid dihydrate
Acid, oxalic
Aluminum oxalate
Chromium (3+) oxalate (3:2)
Dipotassium oxalate
Iron oxalate
Magnesium oxalate
Magnesium oxalate (1:1)
Oxalate, dilithium
Oxalate, disodium
Oxalate, monohydrogen monopotassium
Oxalate, monopotassium
Oxalate, potassium
Chromium oxalate
Dilithium oxalate
Manganese (2+) oxalate (1:1)
Monosodium oxalate
Oxalate, chromium
Oxalate, dipotassium
Oxalate, magnesium
Oxalate, monosodium
Oxalate, potassium chromium
Oxalate, sodium HMDB
Potassium oxalate
Potassium oxalate (2:1)
Diammonium oxalate
Disodium oxalate
Oxalate, aluminum
Oxalate, diammonium
Oxalate, ferric
Oxalate, monoammonium
Potassium chromium oxalate
Chromium (2+) oxalate
Ferric oxalate
Iron (2+) oxalate (1:1)
Iron (3+) oxalate
Monoammonium oxalate
Monohydrogen monopotassium oxalate
Monopotassium oxalate
Oxalate, iron
Sodium oxalate
Oxalic acid
Oxalic Acid Dihydrate (Technical)
Wood Bleach
Crab Acid
LS-851
MFCD00002573
NCGC00249170-01
NCGC00257376-01
NCGC00259671-01
NCI-55209
NCI-C55209
NCIOpen2_000770
NCIOpen2_001022
NCIOpen2_001042
NCIOpen2_001202
NCIOpen2_008831
NSC 62774
NSC-62774
NSC115893
NSC62774
Oksalsyre
Oxagel
oxalate
Oxalate standard for IC
Oxalate standard for IC, 1.000 g/L in H2O, analytical standard
oxalic acid
Oxalic acid (8CI)
Oxalic acid (aqueous)
OXALIC ACID [HSDB]
OXALIC ACID [INCI]
OXALIC ACID [MI]
OXALIC ACID [VANDF]
OXALIC ACID [WHO-DD]
Oxalic acid 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
oxalic acid 2 hydrate
Oxalic acid 2-Hydrate
Oxalic acid anhydrous
Oxalic acid diammonium salt
Oxalic Acid Dianion
Oxalic acid dihydrate ACS
Oxalic Acid Low Ash Grade
Oxalic acid, 98%
Oxalic acid, analytical standard
Oxalic acid, anhydrous
Oxalic acid, anhydrous; (Ethanedioic acid)
Oxalic acid, AR, >=99%
Oxalic acid, LR, >=98%
Oxalic acid, purified grade, 99.999% trace metals basis
Oxalic acid, puriss. p.a., anhydrous, >=99.0% (RT)
Oxalic acid, purum, anhydrous, >=97.0% (RT)
Oxalic acid, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
Oxalic acid, SAJ first grade, >=97.0%
Oxalic acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
Oxalicacid
OXD
Oxiric acid
Q184832
s9354
SB40938
SB40959
SB40985
STK379550
STR01359
TETRADECANOIC-D27ACID
Tox21_202122
Tox21_303346
Ultraplast Activate S 52
UNII-9E7R5L6H31
WLN: QVVQ
Wood bleach


OXALIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is a chemical intermediate used in the manufacture of API and various dyes.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester can be used as a solvent for a number of synthetic and natural resins.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is also used as a cost effective additive based in the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).

CAS Number: 95-92-1
EC Number: 202-464-1
Chemical Formula: C2H5OOCCOOC2H5
Molar Mass: 146.14 g/mol

Diethyl oxalate, 95-92-1, Ethyl oxalate, Ethanedioic acid, diethyl ester, Diethyl ethanedioate, diethyloxalate, Oxalic acid, diethyl ester, Oxalic ether, Oxalic Acid Diethyl Ester, Diethylester kyseliny stavelove, Ethanedioic acid, 1,2-diethyl ester, Diethyl ester of oxalic acid, 860M3ZWF6J, Diethyl oxalate, 99%, diethyl ethane-1,2-dioate, Ethyl oxalate (VAN), HSDB 2131, EINECS 202-464-1, UN2525, Diethylester kyseliny stavelove [Czech], BRN 0606350, diethyl ethaneioate, Oxalic acid diethyl, diethyl ethane-dioate, oxalic acid diethylester, 1,2-diethyl ethanedioate, Diethyl oxalate, >=99%, 4-02-00-01848 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), Ethanedioic acid diethyl ester, CHEMBL3183226, Diethyl oxalate, analytical standard, Ethyl oxalate [UN2525] [Poison], MCULE-5264218494, UN 2525, CAS-95-92-1, Diethyl oxalate, purum, >=99.0% (GC), FT-0645510, 5-pentyl-5-tetrahydropyran-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione, ETHANEDIOIC ACID,DIETHYL ESTER (DIETHYLOXALATE), F1908-0115, Z940713540, AKOS BBS-00004457, Ethanedioic acid diethyl ester, ETHYL OXALATE, Diethyl oxalate, DIETHYL ETHANEDIOATE, RARECHEM AL BI 0114, OXALIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER, C2H5OCOCOOC2H5, Ceftriaxone Impurity 2, Oxalic acid diethyl ester Oxalic acid diethyl ester Oxalic acid diethyl ester, DIethlyoxalate, Ceftriaxone Impurity 5, Ceftriaxone Impurity 11, Diethyl ester of oxalic acid, Diethyl ester, oxalic acid, Diethylester kyseliny stavelove, diethylesterkyselinystavelove, dlethyloxalate, Oxalic ether, oxalicether, Diethyl oxate, Diethyl oxalate, STANDARD FOR GC, Diethyl oxalate, 99+%, DiethyloxalateForSynthesis, diethyl ethaneioate, Diethyl oxalate, 98.0% MIN, Diethyl oxalate, 99.0% MIN, Diethyloxaiate, Oxalsurediethylester, Diαthyloxalat, oxalic acid diethylester Diethyl oxalate, Diethyl oxalate pure, GKSW, Diethyl oxalate, 99% 1KG, Diethyl oxalate, 99% 2.5KG, Diethyl oxalate, 99% 25GR, Diethyl oxalate, 99% 500GR, Dithyl oxalate, Diethyl oxalate purum, >=99.0% (GC), Diethyl oxalate [for SpectrophotoMetry], Diethyl oxalat, Diethyleoxalate, Ethanedioicacid, 1,2-diethyl ester, DiethylOxalate>, DiethylOxalate[forSpectrophotometry]>, Diethyl oxalate fandachem, Diethyl oxalate (DEOX), Diethyl oxalate ISO 9001:2015 REACH, 95-92-1, Diethyl oxalate, 95-92-1, Ethyl oxalate, Ethanedioic acid, diethyl ester, Diethyl ethanedioate, diethyloxalate, Oxalic acid, diethyl ester, Oxalic ether, Oxalic Acid Diethyl Ester, NSC 8851, UNII-860M3ZWF6J, Diethylester kyseliny stavelove, MFCD00009119, Diethyl ester of oxalic acid, 860M3ZWF6J, Ethanedioic acid, 1,2-diethyl ester, Ethyl oxalate (VAN), HSDB 2131, EINECS 202-464-1, UN2525, BRN 0606350, diethyl ethaneioate, Oxalic acid diethyl, diethyl ethane-dioate, oxalic acid diethylester, 1,2-diethyl ethanedioate, C2H5OCOCOOC2H5, Diethyl oxalate, >=99%, EC 202-464-1, SCHEMBL7262, WLN: 2OVVO2, DSSTox_CID_24472, DSSTox_RID_80254, DSSTox_GSID_44472, 4-02-00-01848, CHEMBL3183226, DTXSID2044472, NSC8851, AMY37179, NSC-8851, ZINC1648270, Diethyl oxalate, analytical standard, Tox21_302109, BBL011413, STL146519, AKOS000120214, Ethyl oxalate, MCULE-5264218494, UN 2525, CAS-95-92-1, NCGC00255767-01, AS-14315BP-13324, K733, Diethyl oxalate, purum, >=99.0% (GC), FT-0645510, O0078, O0120Q904612, J-802189, Q-200981, 5-pentyl-5-tetrahydropyran-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione, ETHANEDIOIC ACID,DIETHYL ESTER (DIETHYLOXALATE), F1908-0115, Z940713540

Due to Oxalic acid diethyl ester chemical characteristic, Oxalic acid diethyl ester (DEOX) is miscible with alcohols, ether and other common organic solvents.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is slightly soluble in water.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is a Diester of ethyl alcohol and oxalic acid.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester appears as a colorless liquid.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is slightly denser than water and insoluble in water.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester undergoes transesterification with phenol in the liquid phase over very efficient MoO3/TiO2 solid-acid sol-gel catalysts to form diphenyl oxalate.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester undergoes Claisen condensation with active methylene group of ketosteroids to form glyoxalyl derivatives.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester undergoes hydrogenation in the presence of high copper contented mesoporous Cu/SBA-15 catalysts to yield ethylene glycol.

Form of Oxalic acid diethyl ester is liquid.
A sustainable process based on carbon monoxide (CO) coupling reaction has been considered as an alternative method for DEO

Oxalic acid diethyl ester appears as a colorless liquid.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is slightly soluble in water.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 tonnes per annum.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is a chemical intermediate used in the manufacture of API and various dyes.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester can be used as a solvent for a number of synthetic and natural resins.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is also used as a cost effective additive based in the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs)

Oxalic acid diethyl ester may have a promising industrial application for coal to ethylene glycol production.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is a clear colorless liquid with characteristic.

Ethyl oxalyl Chloride is manufactured by hydrolysis of Oxalic acid diethyl ester with Potassium Carbonate.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is a chemical used to pre-treat wood chips in order to refine and prepare them for further processing (such as obtaining wood pulp).

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is also used as a starting material to synthesize Ethylene glycol (E890140) by means of catalytic hydrogenation.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is a chemical intermediate used in the manufacture of API and various dyes.

Applications of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used to prepare active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), plastics and dyestuff intermediates.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is also used as a solvent for cellulose esters, ethers, resins, perfumes and lacquers for electronics.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is involved in the transesterification reaction with phenol to get dipheny oxalate.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is also involved in the Claisen condensation ketosteroids to prepare glyoxalyl derivatives.

Further, Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used to prepare sym-1,4-diphenyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-polytetrazine.
In addition to this, Oxalic acid diethyl ester is utilized in the microemulsion synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester was used in microemulsion synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles.

Uses of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used especially for production of pesticides and also as a starting material of so-called oxalate syntheses used in many areas, such as in pharmaceutical industry (production of steroids, barbiturates), in dyeing industry (Tartrazin dyestuff) and other specialised chemicals and in PU and plastic industry.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used to make pharmaceuticals, plastics, dyes, and dyestuff intermediates.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is also used as a solvent for cellulose esters, ethers, resins, perfumes, and lacquers for electronics.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is a chemical used to pre-treat wood chips in order to refine and prepare them for further processing (such as obtaining wood pulp).
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is also used as a starting material to synthesize Ethylene glycol (E890140) by means of catalytic hydrogenation.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester uses and applications include:
Solvent for cellulose esters and ethers, many natural and synthetic resins, paint stripping;
radio-tube cathode fixing lacquers;
perfumes;
chelating agent;
cleaner for polymeric residues;
pigment dispersant;
intermediate for organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, barbiturates (CNS depressants), dyes;
in food packaging adhesives
Suggested storage of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:
Moisture-sensitive

Use and Manufacturing:
Manufacture of phenobarbital,
Ethylbenzyl malonate,
Triethylamine, & similar chemicals;
Manufacture of plastics,
Dyestuff intermediates;
Solvent for cellulose esters
Organic syntheses,
Esp in mfr of pharmaceuticals;
Solvent for ethers & resins
Olvent for perfumes & for natural & synthetic resins (cellulose esters);
Agent in radio tube cathode fixing lacquers; c
Hem int for pharmaceuticals,
Plastics & dyes.

Widespread uses by professional workers:
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and polymers.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used in the following areas: building & construction work.
Other release to the environment of Oxalic acid diethyl ester is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).

Uses at industrial sites:
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used in the following products: polymers and laboratory chemicals.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used in the following areas: building & construction work, formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and scientific research and development.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Oxalic acid diethyl ester can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, for thermoplastic manufacture, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Other Industry Uses:
Intermediates
Processing aids, not otherwise listed
Agro chemical pesticide

Consumer Uses:
Apparel and footwear care products
Agro chemical pesticide

Other Uses:

Chelating:
Reacts and forms complexes with metal ions that could affect the stability and / or appearance of cosmetic products.

Hair conditioner:
Leaves hair easy to comb, soft, soft and shiny and / or confers volume, lightness and shine.

Masking:
Reduces or inhibits the odor or basic taste of the product.

Plasticiser:
Softens and softens another substance that otherwise could not easily be deformed, dispersed or worked.

Solvent:
Dissolves other substances.

Potential Uses:
Chelating agents, hair conditioning, plasticisers, solvents
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used as a solvent for paint stripping and resins.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used as cleaner for polymeric residues.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used as pigment dispersant.
There are some specialty application of Oxalic acid diethyl ester as a solvent in nitrocellulose lacquers.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is a chemical intermediate used in the manufacture of API and various dyes.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester can be used as a solvent for a number of synthetic and natural resins.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is also used as a cost effective additive based in the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is an important intermediate in chemical industry, especially in pharmaceutical industry, which can be utilized for the synthesis of high value drugs, dyestuff and as the useful solvent for spices.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used in microemulsion synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used in the synthesis of sym-1,4-diphenyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-polytetrazine.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester can be used in Pharma & Life Science, Agriculture, Plastics, Cosmetics & Personal Care.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester can be applied as Agrochemicals.

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is widely used in fine chemical industry.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester can be added to unmodified vegetable oils in any ratio.

As heating oil, use can be made of a mixture which, as main component, consists of vegetable oils and up to 50% by volume Oxalic acid diethyl ester.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is used as a solvent for plastics and in the manufacture of perfumes and pharmaceuticals.

As heating oil use can be made of a mixture which originates from the refining of crude oil and is admixed with up to 25% by volume Oxalic acid diethyl ester.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is widely utilized at industrial domains to synthesize a variety of significant fine chemicals, such as dyes, pharmaceuticals, solvents, extractants, various intermediates and ethylene glycol (EG).

Oxalic acid diethyl ester is necessary to dissolve DMO in anhydrous methanol or heat DMO to liquid state when Oxalic acid diethyl ester is applied to the production of ethylene glycol.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is a liquid chemical at room temperature and convenient as raw material for the production of ethylene glycol by hydrogenation.

Benefits of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:
Highly efficient
Highly stable
Contributes to sustainable ethylene glycol production

General Manufacturing Information of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:
Industry Processing Sectors
All other basic organic chemical manufacturing
Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical manufacturing
Plastic material and resin manufacturing

Solubility of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:
Miscible with alcohols, ether and other common organic solvents.
Completely sol ether, alcohol and acetone; slightly sol hot water.

The solubility of dimethyl oxalate is similar, except that Oxalic acid diethyl ester is more soluble in water.
The solubilities of the other esters are similar in organic solvents, but they are insoluble in water.

Production of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:

Dimethyl oxalate can be obtained by esterification of oxalic acid with methanol using sulfuric acid as a catalyst:
2CH3OH+(CO2H)2 → (CO2CH3)2+2H2O

Oxidative carbonylation route:

The preparation by oxidative carbonylation has attracted interest because Oxalic acid diethyl ester requires only C1 precursors:
4CH3OH+4 CO+O2→ 2 (CO2CH3)2+2H2O

The reaction is catalyzed by Pd2+.
The synthesis gas is mostly obtained from coal or biomass.

The oxidation proceeds via dinitrogen trioxide, which is formed according to (1) of nitrogen monoxide and oxygen and then reacts according to (2) with methanol forming methyl nitrite.

In the next step of dicarbonylation (3) carbon monoxide reacts with methyl nitrite to dimethyl oxalate in the vapor phase at atmospheric pressure and temperatures at 80-120 °C over a palladium catalyst.

This method is lossless with respect to methyl nitrite, which acts practically as a carrier of oxidation equivalents.
However, the water formed must be removed to prevent hydrolysis of the dimethyl oxalate product.
With 1% Pd/α-Al2O3 dimethyl oxalate is produced selectively in a dicarbonylation reaction, under the same conditions with 2% Pd/C dimethyl carbonate is produced by monocarbonylation.

Alternatively, the oxidative carbonylation of methanol can be carried out with high yield and selectivity with 1,4-benzoquinone as an oxidant in the system Pd(OAc)2/PPh3/benzoquinone with mass ratio 1/3/100 at 65 °C and 70 atm CO.

Production Methods of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is produced via esterification of ethanol and oxalic acid.
Oxalic acid diethyl esteris a preferred solvent for cellulose acetate and nitrate.

Due to Oxalic acid diethyl ester's chemical characteristic, Oxalic acid diethyl ester is miscible with alcohols, ether and other common organic solvents.

Reactions of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:
Dimethyl oxalate (and the related diethyl ester) is used in diverse condensation reactions.
For example, Oxalic acid diethyl ester condenses with cyclohexanone to give the diketo-ester, a precursor to pimelic acid.
With diamines, the diesters of oxalic acid condense to give cyclic diamides.

Quinoxalinedione is produced by condensation of dimethyloxalate and o-phenylenediamine:
C2O2(OMe)2 + C6H4(NH2)2 → C6H4(NHCO)2 + 2 MeOH

Hydrogenation gives ethylene glycol.
Dimethyl oxalate can be converted into ethylene glycol in high yields (94.7%).

The methanol formed is recycled in the process of oxidative carbonylation.
Other plants with a total annual capacity of more than 1 million tons of ethylene glycol per year are planned.

Decarbonylation gives dimethyl carbonate.

Diphenyl oxalate is obtained by transesterification with phenol in the presence of titanium catalysts, which is again decarbonylated to diphenyl carbonate in the liquid or gas phase.

Dimethyl oxalate can also be used as a methylating agent.
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is notably less toxic than other methylating agents such as methyl iodide or dimethyl sulfate.

Handling and Storage of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:

Precautions for safe handling:

Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.

Stability and Reactivity of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is an ester.
Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids.

Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products.
Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions.
Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides

Chemical stability:
Oxalic acid diethyl ester is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).

First Aid Measures of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:

General advice:
First aider needs to protect himself.

If inhaled:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.

In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.

If swallowed:
Make victim drink water.

Accidental Release Measures of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:

Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.

Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

Fire Fighting Measures of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:

Extinguishing media:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder

Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For Oxalic acid diethyl ester no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.

Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

Exposure Controls/personal Protection of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:

Eye/face protection:
Use tightly fitting safety goggles.

Skin protection:
Full contact

Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min

Splash contact:

Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 10 min

Body Protection:
protective clothing

Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

Identifiers of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:
CAS Number: 553-90-2
ChemSpider: 10649
ECHA InfoCard: 100.008.231
PubChem CID: 11120
UNII: IQ3Q79344S
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID9060287
InChIInChI=1S/C4H6O4/c1-7-3(5)4(6)8-2/h1-2H3
Key: LOMVENUNSWAXEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C4H6O4/c1-7-3(5)4(6)8-2/h1-2H3
Key: LOMVENUNSWAXEN-UHFFFAOYAF
SMILES: O=C(OC)C(=O)OC

INCI name: Oxalic acid diethyl ester
EINECS/ELINCS number: 202-464-1
Classification: Regulated
Restriction in Europe: III/3

EC / List no.: 202-464-1
CAS no.: 95-92-1
Mol. formula: C6H10O4

CAS number: 95-92-1
EC index number: 607-147-00-5
EC number: 202-464-1
Hill Formula: C₆H₁₀O₄
Chemical formula: C₂H₅OOCCOOC₂H₅
Molar Mass: 146.14 g/mol
HS Code: 2917 11 00

Synonym(s): Diethyl ethanedioate, Ethyl oxalate
Linear Formula: C2H5OCOCOOC2H5
CAS Number: 95-92-1
Molecular Weight: 146.14
Beilstein: 606350
EC Number: 202-464-1
MDL number:MFCD00009119
PubChem Substance ID:24848078
NACRES:NA.22

Properties of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:
Physical State: Liquid
Storage: Store at room temperature
Melting Point: -41° C (lit.)
Boiling Point: 185° C (lit.)
Density: 1.08 g/cm3 at 25° C

Formula: C6H10O4
Formula Weight: 146.14
Melting point: -41°
Boiling Point: 184-186°
Flash Point: 75°(167°F)
Density: 1.077
Refractive Index: 1.4100
Storage & Sensitivity:
Moisture Sensitive.
Store under Argon.
Ambient temperatures.
Solubility:
Miscible with alcohols, ether and other common organic solvents.

Molecular Weight: 146.14
XLogP3: 0.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Exact Mass: 146.05790880
Monoisotopic Mass: 146.05790880
Topological Polar Surface Area: 52.6 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 10
Complexity: 114
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Assay as Deo by G.C.: 98% Min.
Acidity as Oxalic Acid: 0.10% Max.
Moisture Contents: 0.105 Max.
Relative Density: 1.078 - 1.082
Boiling Range: 181 - 188°C

Appearance: colorless clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 1.07600 to 1.08200 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 8.953 to 9.003
Refractive Index: 1.40700 to 1.41300 @ 20.00 °C.

Melting Point: -41.00 to -40.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 185.70 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 113.00 to 114.00 °C. @ 50.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.414000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C.
Vapor Density: 5.03 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 168.00 °F. TCC ( 75.56 °C. )
logP (o/w): 0.560

Appearance Form: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: aromatic
Odor Threshold: 0,1 ppm
pH: No data available
Melting point/range: -41 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 185 °C - lit.
Flash point 75 °C - closed cup

Upper explosion limit: 2,67 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 0,42 %(V)
Vapor pressure 1,33 hPa at 47 °C
Vapor density 5,04 - (Air = 1.0)

Relative density 1,08 at 20 °C
Water solubility at 20 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water log Pow: 0,56 - (Lit.)
Autoignition temperature: 412 °C at 984 hPa
Decomposition temperature: Distillable in an undecomposed state at normal pressure.
Viscosity Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 2,01 mPa.s at 20 °C

Specifications of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:
Assay (GC, area%): ≥ 98.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C): 1.076 - 1.079
Identity (IR): passes test

Names of Oxalic acid diethyl ester:

Regulatory process names:
Diethyl ethanedioate
Diethyl oxalate
Diethyl oxalate
diethyl oxalate
Diethylester kyseliny stavelove
Ethanedioic acid, 1,2-diethyl ester
Ethanedioic acid, diethyl ester
ETHYL OXALATE
Ethyl oxalate
Ethyl oxalate (VAN)
oxalic acid diethylester diethyl oxalate
oxalic acid diethylester; diethyl oxalate
Oxalic acid, diethyl ester
Oxalic ether

Translated names:
acid oxalic dietilester dietil oxalat (ro)
diethylester čťavelové kyseliny diethyl-oxalát (cs)
diethyloxalaat (nl)
diethyloxalat ethyloxalat (da)
Diethyloxalat Oxalsäurediethylester (de)
dietil ester oksalne kisline dietil oksalat (sl)
dietile ossalato etile ossalato (it)
dietylester kyseliny šťaveľovej dietyl-oxalát (sk)
dietyloksalat etyloksalat (no)
dietyloxalat (sv)
Dietyylioksalaatti (fi)
diéthylester de l'acide oxalique; oxalate de diéthyle oxalate d'éthyle (fr)
Oksaalhappe dietüülester Dietüüloksalaat (et)
oksalo rūgšties dietilesteris dietiloksalatas (lt)
oxalato de dietilo oxalato de etilo (pt)
oxalato de dietilo éster dietílico del ácido oxálico (es)
oxálsav-dietil-észter dietil-oxalát (hu)
skābeņskābes dietilesteris dietiloksalāts (lv)
szczawian dietylu ester dietylowy kwasu szczawiowego (pl)
οξαλικός διαιθυλεστέρας (el)
диетилов естер на оксаловата киселина диетил оксалат (bg)

IUPAC names:
DIETHYL OXALATE
Diethyl Oxalate
Diethyl oxalate
diethyl oxalate
Diethyl oxalate
diethyl oxalate
diethylester
Diethyloxalat
Oxalic acid diethylester
oxalic acid diethylester

Trade names:
BRUGGOLEN P22

Other identifiers:
607-147-00-5
95-92-1