DESCRIPTION:
Carbohydrazide (1,3-diaminourea) is the chemical compound with the formula OC(N2H3)2.
Carbohydrazide (1,3-diaminourea) is a white, water-soluble solid.
Carbohydrazide (1,3-diaminourea) decomposes upon melting.

CAS Number, 497-18-7
EC Number, 207-837-2
IUPAC Name: 1,3-diaminourea
Molecular Formula: CH6N4O



Carbonyl dihydrazine is a carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation between hydrazinecarboxylic acid and hydrazine.
Carbohydrazide (1,3-diaminourea) is a carbohydrazide and a one-carbon compound.
Carbohydrazide (1,3-diaminourea) is functionally related to a hydrazine and a carbazic acid.


A number of carbazides are known where one or more N-H groups are replaced by other substituents.
They occur widely in the drugs, herbicides, plant growth regulators, and dyestuffs.

Carbohydrazide (1,3-Diaminourea), a versatile raw material with impressive reducing strength.
Extensively used as an intermediate in energetic materials, a key component in explosives, propellants, chemical fibers and pharmaceuticals, and as a preservative & oxygen scavenger in industrial applications.


Carbohydrazide (1,3-Diaminourea) is a white needle crystal with a purity of at least 99%.
Carbohydrazide (1,3-Diaminourea) has a melting point of 150-158℃ and a pH range of 7.2-9.7.
With a low content of free hydrazine (≤250 ppm) and moisture (≤0.2%), it is an excellent chemical for various applications.

Carbohydrazide is commonly used in water treatment as a deoxidizer and boiler water treatment agent.
Carbohydrazide (1,3-Diaminourea) is also utilized as a crosslinking agent in the chemical fiber industry and finds applications in medicine, herbicides, plant growth regulators, and dyes.

Additionally, its sulfate content is ≤20 ppm, ensuring high-quality standards.
Carbohydrazide (1,3-Diaminourea) is derived from hydrazine hydrate and dimethyl carbonate, making it a valuable material for energetic intermediates, fire explosives, propellants, preservatives, and deoxidizers in various industrial processes.
Carbohydrazide (1,3-Diaminourea) is also widely used in chemical fiber industry as a crosslinking agent, and finds applications in medicine, herbicides, plant growth regulators, dyes, and more.


PRODUCTION OF CARBOHYDRAZIDE (1,3-DIAMINOUREA):
Industrially the compound is produced by treatment of urea with hydrazine:
OC(NH2)2 + 2 N2H4 → OC(N2H3)2 + 2 NH3
Carbohydrazide (1,3-diaminourea) can also be prepared by reactions of other C1-precursors with hydrazine, such as carbonate esters.

Carbohydrazide (1,3-diaminourea) can be prepared from phosgene, but this route cogenerates the hydrazinium salt [N2H5]Cl and results in some diformylation.
Carbazic acid is also a suitable precursor:
N2NH3CO2H + N2H4 → OC(N2H3)2 + H2O

STRUCTURE OF CARBOHYDRAZIDE (1,3-DIAMINOUREA):
The molecule is nonplanar.
All nitrogen centers are at least somewhat pyramidal, indicative of weaker C-N pi-bonding.
The C-N and C-O distances are about 1.36 and 1.25 Å, respectively.

INDUSTRIAL USES OF CARBOHYDRAZIDE (1,3-DIAMINOUREA):
Oxygen scrubber: carbohydrazide is used to remove oxygen in boiler systems.
Oxygen scrubbers prevent corrosion.

Precursor to polymers: carbohydrazide can be used as a curing agent for epoxide-type resins.
Photography: carbohydrazide is used in the silver halide diffusion process as one of the toners.
Carbohydrazide is used to stabilize color developers that produce images of the azo-methine and azine classes.

Carbohydrazide has been used to develop ammunition propellants, stabilize soaps, and is used as a reagent in organic synthesis.
Salts of carbohydrazide, such as nitrate, dinitrate and perchlorate, can be used as secondary explosives.
Complex salts of carbohydrazide, like bis(carbohydrazide)diperchloratocopper(II) and tris(carbohydrazide)nickel(II) perchlorate, can be used as primary explosives in laser detonators.


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBOHYDRAZIDE (1,3-DIAMINOUREA):
Chemical formula, CH6N4O
Molar mass, 90.09 g/mol
Density, 1.341 g/cm3
Melting point, 153 to 154 °C (307 to 309 °F; 426 to 427 K)
Molecular Weight
90.09 g/mol
CAS NO: 497-18-7
Molecular Formula: CH6N4O
Molecular Weight: 90.09
EINECS NO: 207-837-2
XLogP3-AA
-1.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
3
Rotatable Bond Count
0
Exact Mass
90.05416083 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass
90.05416083 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area
93.2Ų
Heavy Atom Count
6
Formal Charge
0
Complexity
45.5
Isotope Atom Count
0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
Appearance, :, White Crystalline Powder
Assay %, :, 98.0 % Min
Moisture Content, :, 0.5 % Max
Sarna ID :, :, Carbohydrazide
Category, :, API
Product Name, :, 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide)
CAS No., :, 497-18-7
Molecular Formula, :, CH6N4O
Characteristics:, White needle crystal
Content , 99%min
Melting point, M.P 150-158
PH, 7.2-9.7
Free hydrazine(PPM), 250max
Sulfate(PPM), 20max
Loss on drying, 0.2%max
Packing, 25kg/50kg drums
Shelf life, 2 years


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT CARBOHYDRAZIDE (1,3-DIAMINOUREA):
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product



SYNONYMS OF CARBOHYDRAZIDE (1,3-DIAMINOUREA):
Carbohydrazide
497-18-7
Carbonic dihydrazide
1,3-Diaminourea
Carbonohydrazide
Carbazide
Carbodihydrazide
Hydrazine, carbonyldi-
Hydrazine, carbonylbis-
Carbazic acid, hydrazide
carbonyl dihydrazine
Semicarbazide, 4-amino-
Carbonic acid, dihydrazide
Cabazide
Karbazid
Hydrazinecarboxamide, N-amino-
Urea, 1,3-diamino-
Urea, N,N'-diamino-
Hydrazinecarboxylic acid, hydrazide
1,3-Diaminomocovina
Carbonohydrazid
carbonodihydrazide
NSC 1934
N,N'-diaminourea
4-aminosemicarbazide
carbonylbis-hydrazine
hydrazinecarbohydrazide
N-aminohydrazinecarboxamide
W8V7FYY4WH
N-aminohydrazine carboxamide
hydrazide hydrazinecarboxylic acid
NSC-1934
Karbazid [Czech]
CH6N4O
1,3-Diaminomocovina [Czech]
EINECS 207-837-2
UNII-W8V7FYY4WH
BRN 1747069
AI3-52397
carbonyldihydrazide
Urea,3-diamino-
Urea,N'-diamino-
Carbohydrazide, 98%
1,3-bis(azanyl)urea
WLN: ZMVMZ
CARBOHYDRAZIDE [MI]
EC 207-837-2
4-03-00-00240 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXSID5038757
CHEBI:61308
NSC1934
O C (N H N H2)2
AMY40845
MFCD00007591
AKOS003193931
CS-0149890
FT-0606617
EN300-20051
E77171
A827826
Q5037885
W-106011

1,3-Diaminourea; Carbonic dihydrazide; Carbazide; 1,3-Diaminomocovina; Carbazic acid hydrazide; Carbonic acid dihydrazide; Carbonohydrazide; Karbazid; 4-Amino-semicarbazide; Carbodihydrazide; CAS NO:497-18-7

DESCRIPTION:

Phenol, or Benzenol, (also known as carbolic acid or phenolic acid) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is a white crystalline solid that is volatile.
The molecule consists of a phenyl group (−C6H5) bonded to a hydroxy group (−OH).
Mildly acidic, Carbolic acid (phenol) requires careful handling because Carbolic acid (phenol) can cause chemical burns.

CAS Number: 108-95-2

Carbolic acid (phenol) was first extracted from coal tar, but today is produced on a large scale (about 7 million tonnes a year) from petroleum-derived feedstocks.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is an important industrial commodity as a precursor to many materials and useful compounds.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is primarily used to synthesize plastics and related materials.
Carbolic acid (phenol) and its chemical derivatives are essential for production of polycarbonates, epoxies, Bakelite, nylon, detergents, herbicides such as phenoxy herbicides, and numerous pharmaceutical drugs.

Carbolic acid (phenol) consists of a hydroxyl group and a phenyl group attached to each other.
Carbolic acid (phenol) considerably dissolves in water.
Earlier Carbolic acid (phenol) was used as carbolic soap.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is mildly acidic and is corrosive to the respiratory tract, eyes, and skin.

Carbolic acid (phenol) is a crystalline solid white in colour and needs to be handled with care as it can cause chemical burns. Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge discovered Phenol in the year 1834.

Carbolic acid (phenol) was extracted from coal tar.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is also known as phenolic acid.
If a compound is consisting of a six-membered aromatic ring and bonded to a hydroxyl group directly, then it can be referred to as phenol.

Carbolic acid (commonly known as phenol) is an aromatic chemical molecule with the molecular formula C6H5OH and the molecular formula C6H5OH.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is a flammable white crystalline substance.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is the simplest member of the phenol family of organic compounds.

Phenols are sometimes known as carbolic acids because of their extreme acidity.
Because of resonance, the phenol molecule has a partial positive charge on the oxygen atom, and the anion created by the loss of a hydrogen ion is similarly resonance stabilised.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is hydroxybenzene by definition.

Carbolic acid (phenol) is known by the name phenol.
The IUPAC name for it would be benzenol, which was derived similarly to the IUPAC names for aliphatic alcohols



NATURAL SOURCES OF PHENOL (CARBOLIC ACID)- C6H6O
Phenol is a constituent of coal tar and is formed during the decomposition of organic materials. Increased environmental levels of phenol may result from forest fires.
It has been detected among the volatile components from liquid manure.
Industrial sources of phenols and other related aromatics from a petroleum refinery, petrochemicals, basic organic chemical manufacture, coal refining, pharmaceuticals, tannery and pulp, and paper mills.

NOMENCLATURE OF PHENOL (CARBOLIC ACID)- C6H6O
Phenols are organic compounds containing at least one -OH group directly attached to the benzene ring.
Depending upon the number of hydroxyl groups attached to the benzene ring, phenols can be classified as monohydric, dihydric and trihydric phenols.

Monohydric phenols – The simplest member of the series is hydroxybenzene, commonly known as phenol, while others are named substituted phenols.
The three isomeric hydroxyl toluenes are known as cresols.
Dihydric phenols – The three isomeric dihydroxy benzenes namely catechol, resorcinol, and quinol are better known by their common names.
Trihydric phenols – Trihydroxy phenols are known by the common names called pyrogallol, hydroxyquinol and phloroglucinol.

SYNTHESIS OF PHENOL (CARBOLIC ACID)- C6H6O
Phenols can be synthesized by the following methods.

1. From sulphonic acids (by alkali fusion of sodium benzene sulphonate)
The first commercial process for the synthesis of phenol.
Sodium benzene sulphonate is fused with sodium hydroxide at 573K to produce sodium phenoxide, which upon acidification yields phenol.


2. From diazonium salts (by the hydrolysis of diazonium salt – laboratory method)
When a diazonium salt solution is steam distilled or is added to boiling dil.H2SO4, it forms phenol.

CHEMICAL REACTIONS OF PHENOL (CARBOLIC ACID)- C6H6O
A hydroxyl group is attached to an aromatic ring and it is strongly activating ortho/para director, phenols possess considerable reactivity at their ortho and para carbons toward electrophilic aromatic substitution.

1. Reactions of the Aromatic Ring
The -OH group in phenol is ortho and para directing because it increases electron density at ortho and para positions due to resonance.
Thus phenol undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions.

2. Halogenation
Like -NH2 group, -OH group is so much activating that it is rather difficult to prevent poly substitution.

If it is required to arrest the reaction at the mono substitution stage, the reaction should be carried out in non-polar solvents like CCl4 and CS2 and at lower temperatures.

PROPERTIES OF CARBOLIC ACID (PHENOL):
Carbolic acid (phenol) is an organic compound appreciably soluble in water, with about 84.2 g dissolving in 1000 mL (0.895 M).
Homogeneous mixtures of phenol and water at phenol to water mass ratios of ~2.6 and higher are possible.
The sodium salt of phenol, sodium phenoxide, is far more water-soluble.

Carbolic acid (phenol) is a combustible solid (NFPA rating = 2).
When heated, Carbolic acid (phenol) produces flammable vapors that are explosive at concentrations of 3 to 10% in air.
Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used to fight phenol fires.

ACIDITY OF CARBOLIC ACID (PHENOL):
Carbolic acid (phenol) is more acidic than aliphatic alcohols.
Its enhanced acidity is attributed to resonance stabilization of phenolate anion.
In this way, the negative charge on oxygen is delocalized on to the ortho and para carbon atoms through the pi system.

An alternative explanation involves the sigma framework, postulating that the dominant effect is the induction from the more electronegative sp2 hybridised carbons; the comparatively more powerful inductive withdrawal of electron density that is provided by the sp2 system compared to an sp3 system allows for great stabilization of the oxyanion.
In support of the second explanation, the pKa of the enol of acetone in water is 10.9, making it only slightly less acidic than phenol (pKa 10.0).
Thus, the greater number of resonance structures available to phenoxide compared to acetone enolate seems to contribute little to its stabilization.
However, the situation changes when solvation effects are excluded.

Hydrogen bonding:
In carbon tetrachloride and in alkane solvents, phenol hydrogen bonds with a wide range of Lewis bases such as pyridine, diethyl ether, and diethyl sulfide.
The enthalpies of adduct formation and the −OH IR frequency shifts accompanying adduct formation have been compiled.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is classified as a hard acid

Tautomerism:
Phenol exhibits keto-enol tautomerism with its unstable keto tautomer cyclohexadienone, but the effect is nearly negligible.
The equilibrium constant for enolisation is approximately 10−13, which means only one in every ten trillion molecules is in the keto form at any moment.
The small amount of stabilisation gained by exchanging a C=C bond for a C=O bond is more than offset by the large destabilisation resulting from the loss of aromaticity.
Carbolic acid (phenol) therefore exists essentially entirely in the enol form.
4, 4' Substituted cyclohexadienone can undergo a dienone–phenol rearrangement in acid conditions and form stable 3,4‐disubstituted phenol.

For substituted phenols, several factors can favor the keto tautomer: (a) additional hydroxy groups (see resorcinol) (b) annulation as in the formation of naphthols, and (c) deprotonation to give the phenolate.
Phenoxides are enolates stabilised by aromaticity. Under normal circumstances, phenoxide is more reactive at the oxygen position, but the oxygen position is a "hard" nucleophile whereas the alpha-carbon positions tend to be "soft".


REACTIONS OF CARBOLIC ACID (PHENOL):
Neutral phenol substructure "shape".
An image of a computed electrostatic surface of neutral phenol molecule, showing neutral regions in green, electronegative areas in orange-red, and the electropositive phenolic proton in blue.

Phenol water phase diagram: Certain combinations of phenol and water can make two solutions in one bottle.
Phenol is highly reactive toward electrophilic aromatic substitution.
The enhanced nucleophilicity is attributed to donation pi electron density from O into the ring.
Many groups can be attached to the ring, via halogenation, acylation, sulfonation, and related processes.

Carbolic acid (phenol) is so strongly activated that bromination and chlorination lead readily to polysubstitution.
The reaction affords 2- and 4-substituted derivatives.
The regiochemistry of halogenation changes in strongly acidic solutions where PhOH2]+ predominates.

Carbolic acid (phenol) reacts with dilute nitric acid at room temperature to give a mixture of 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol while with concentrated nitric acid, additional nitro groups are introduced, e.g. to give 2,4,6-trinitrophenol.
Friedel Crafts alkylations of phenol and its derivatives often proceed without catalysts.
Alkylating agents include alkyl halides, alkenes, and ketones.

Thus, adamantyl-1-bromide, dicyclopentadiene), and cyclohexanones give respectively 4-adamantylphenol, a bis(2-hydroxyphenyl) derivative, and a 4-cyclohexylphenols.
Alcohols and hydroperoxides alkylate phenols in the presence of solid acid catalysts (e.g. certain zeolite).
Cresols and cumyl phenols can be produced in that way.

Aqueous solutions of phenol are weakly acidic and turn blue litmus slightly to red.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is neutralized by sodium hydroxide forming sodium phenate or phenolate, but being weaker than carbonic acid, it cannot be neutralized by sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate to liberate carbon dioxide.

C6H5OH + NaOH → C6H5ONa + H2O
When a mixture of phenol and benzoyl chloride are shaken in presence of dilute sodium hydroxide solution, phenyl benzoate is formed.
This is an example of the Schotten–Baumann reaction:
C6H5COCl + HOC6H5 → C6H5CO2C6H5 + HCl

Carbolic acid (phenol) is reduced to benzene when it is distilled with zinc dust or when its vapour is passed over granules of zinc at 400 °C:
C6H5OH + Zn → C6H6 + ZnO
When Carbolic acid (phenol) is treated with diazomethane in the presence of boron trifluoride (BF3), anisole is obtained as the main product and nitrogen gas as a byproduct.
C6H5OH + CH2N2 → C6H5OCH3 + N2

Carbolic acid (phenol) and its derivatives react with iron(III) chloride to give intensely colored solutions containing phenoxide complexes.

PRODUCTION OF CARBOLIC ACID (PHENOL):
Because of phenol's commercial importance, many methods have been developed for its production, but the cumene process is the dominant technology.

Cumene process:
Accounting for 95% of production (2003) is the cumene process, also called Hock process.
It involves the partial oxidation of cumene (isopropylbenzene) via the Hock rearrangement:
Compared to most other processes, the cumene process uses mild conditions and inexpensive raw materials.

For the process to be economical, both phenol and the acetone by-product must be in demand.
In 2010, worldwide demand for acetone was approximately 6.7 million tonnes, 83 percent of which was satisfied with acetone produced by the cumene process.

A route analogous to the cumene process begins with cyclohexylbenzene.
It is oxidized to a hydroperoxide, akin to the production of cumene hydroperoxide.
Via the Hock rearrangement, cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide cleaves to give phenol and cyclohexanone.
Cyclohexanone is an important precursor to some nylons.

Oxidation of benzene, toluene, cyclohexylbenzene:
The direct oxidation of benzene (C6H6) to phenol is theoretically possible and of great interest, but it has not been commercialized:
C6H6 + O → C6H5OH

Nitrous oxide is a potentially "green" oxidant that is a more potent oxidant than O2.
Routes for the generation of nitrous oxide however remain uncompetitive.

An electrosynthesis employing alternating current gives phenol from benzene.
The oxidation of toluene, as developed by Dow Chemical, involves copper-catalyzed reaction of molten sodium benzoate with air:
C6H5CH3 + 2 O2 → C6H5OH + CO2 + H2O

The reaction is proposed to proceed via formation of benzyoylsalicylate.
Autoxidation of cyclohexylbenzene give the hydroperoxide.
Decomposition of this hydroperoxide affords cyclohexanone and phenol.

Older methods:
Early methods relied on extraction of phenol from coal derivatives or the hydrolysis of benzene derivatives.

Hydrolysis of benzenesulfonic acid:
The original commercial route was developed by Bayer and Monsanto in the early 1900s, based on discoveries by Wurtz and Kekule.
The method involves the reaction of strong base with benzenesulfonic acid, proceeding by the reaction of hydroxide with sodium benzenesulfonate to give sodium phenoxide.

Acidification of the latter gives phenol.
The net conversion is:
C6H5SO3H + 2 NaOH → C6H5OH + Na2SO3 + H2O

Hydrolysis of chlorobenzene:
Chlorobenzene can be hydrolyzed to phenol using base (Dow process) or steam (Raschig–Hooker process):
C6H5Cl + NaOH → C6H5OH + NaCl
C6H5Cl + H2O -> C6H5OH + HCl
These methods suffer from the cost of the chlorobenzene and the need to dispose of the chloride by product.

Coal pyrolysis:
Carbolic acid (phenol) is also a recoverable byproduct of coal pyrolysis.
In the Lummus Process, the oxidation of toluene to benzoic acid is conducted separately.

USES OF CARBOLIC ACID (PHENOL):
The major uses of phenol, consuming two thirds of its production, involve its conversion to precursors for plastics.
Condensation with acetone gives bisphenol-A, a key precursor to polycarbonates and epoxide resins.
Condensation of phenol, alkylphenols, or diphenols with formaldehyde gives phenolic resins, a famous example of which is Bakelite.

Partial hydrogenation of phenol gives cyclohexanone, a precursor to nylon.
Nonionic detergents are produced by alkylation of phenol to give the alkylphenols, e.g., nonylphenol, which are then subjected to ethoxylation.
Phenol is also a versatile precursor to a large collection of drugs, most notably aspirin but also many herbicides and pharmaceutical drugs.

Phenol is a component in liquid–liquid phenol–chloroform extraction technique used in molecular biology for obtaining nucleic acids from tissues or cell culture samples.
Depending on the pH of the solution either DNA or RNA can be extracted.

Medical:
Carbolic acid (phenol) was widely used as an antiseptic. Its use was pioneered by Joseph Lister
From the early 1900s to the 1970s it was used in the production of carbolic soap.
Concentrated phenol liquids are used for permanent treatment of ingrown toe and finger nails, a procedure known as a chemical matrixectomy.

The procedure was first described by Otto Boll in 1945.
Since that time phenol has become the chemical of choice for chemical matrixectomies performed by podiatrists.

Concentrated liquid phenol can be used topically as a local anesthetic for otology procedures, such as myringotomy and tympanotomy tube placement, as an alternative to general anesthesia or other local anesthetics.
It also has hemostatic and antiseptic qualities that make it ideal for this use.

Phenol spray, usually at 1.4% phenol as an active ingredient, is used medically to treat sore throat.
It is the active ingredient in some oral analgesics such as Chloraseptic spray, TCP and Carmex.

Niche uses:
Carbolic acid (phenol) is so inexpensive that it also attracts many small-scale uses.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is a component of industrial paint strippers used in the aviation industry for the removal of epoxy, polyurethane and other chemically resistant coatings.

Due to safety concerns, phenol is banned from use in cosmetic products in the European Union and Canada.

Carbolic acid (phenol) is used as a precursor in drugs
Carbolic acid (phenol) is used as an antiseptic
Carbolic acid (phenol) is used in the production of nylon

Carbolic acid (phenol) is used to preserve vaccines
Carbolic acid (phenol) is used in oral analgesics
Derivatives of phenol are used in beauty products like hair colour and sunscreen

Carbolic acid (phenol) is used in the synthesis of plastics
Carbolic acid (phenol) is used to produce detergents and carbonates







HISTORY OF CARBOLIC ACID (PHENOL):
Carbolic acid (phenol) was discovered in 1834 by Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge, who extracted it (in impure form) from coal tar.
Runge called phenol "Karbolsäure" (coal-oil-acid, carbolic acid).
Coal tar remained the primary source until the development of the petrochemical industry.
The French chemist Auguste Laurent extracted phenol in its pure form, as a derivative of benzene, in 1841.

In 1836, Auguste Laurent coined the name "phène" for benzene; this is the root of the word "phenol" and "phenyl".
In 1843, French chemist Charles Gerhardt coined the name "phénol".

The antiseptic properties of phenol were used by Sir Joseph Lister (1827–1912) in his pioneering technique of antiseptic surgery.
Lister decided that the wounds themselves had to be thoroughly cleaned.
He then covered the wounds with a piece of rag or lint covered in carbolic acid (phenol).

The skin irritation caused by continual exposure to phenol eventually led to the introduction of aseptic (germ-free) techniques in surgery.
Lister's work was inspired by the works and experiments of his contemporary, Louis Pasteur in sterilizing various biological media.
He theorized that if germs could be killed or prevented, no infection would occur.
Lister reasoned that a chemical could be used to destroy the micro-organisms that cause infection.

Meanwhile, in Carlisle, England, officials were experimenting with sewage treatment using carbolic acid to reduce the smell of sewage cesspools.
Having heard of these developments, and having himself previously experimented with other chemicals for antiseptic purposes without much success, Lister decided to try carbolic acid as a wound antiseptic.
He had his first chance on August 12, 1865, when he received a patient: an eleven-year-old boy with a tibia bone fracture which pierced the skin of his lower leg. Ordinarily, amputation would be the only solution.

However, Lister decided to try carbolic acid.
After setting the bone and supporting the leg with splints, he soaked clean cotton towels in undiluted carbolic acid and applied them to the wound, covered with a layer of tin foil, leaving them for four days.
When he checked the wound, Lister was pleasantly surprised to find no signs of infection, just redness near the edges of the wound from mild burning by the carbolic acid.

Reapplying fresh bandages with diluted carbolic acid, the boy was able to walk home after about six weeks of treatment.
By 16 March 1867, when the first results of Lister's work were published in the Lancet, he had treated a total of eleven patients using his new antiseptic method.
Of those, only one had died, and that was through a complication that was nothing to do with Lister's wound-dressing technique.
Now, for the first time, patients with compound fractures were likely to leave the hospital with all their limbs intact

Before antiseptic operations were introduced at the hospital, there were sixteen deaths in thirty-five surgical cases.
Almost one in every two patients died.
After antiseptic surgery was introduced in the summer of 1865, there were only six deaths in forty cases.

The mortality rate had dropped from almost 50 per cent to around 15 per cent.
It was a remarkable achievement
Phenol was the main ingredient of the Carbolic Smoke Ball, an ineffective device marketed in London in the 19th century as protection against influenza and other ailments, and the subject of the famous law case Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company.

Second World War:
The toxic effect of phenol on the central nervous system, discussed below, causes sudden collapse and loss of consciousness in both humans and animals; a state of cramping precedes these symptoms because of the motor activity controlled by the central nervous system.

Injections of phenol were used as a means of individual execution by Nazi Germany during the Second World War.
It was originally used by the Nazis in 1939 as part of the mass-murder of undesirables under Aktion T4.

The Germans learned that extermination of smaller groups was more economical by injection of each victim with phenol. Phenol injections were given to thousands of people.
Maximilian Kolbe was also murdered with a phenol injection after surviving two weeks of dehydration and starvation in Auschwitz when he volunteered to die in place of a stranger.
Approximately one gram is sufficient to cause death.

Occurrences:
Carbolic acid (phenol) is a normal metabolic product, excreted in quantities up to 40 mg/L in human urine.
The temporal gland secretion of male elephants showed the presence of phenol and 4-methylphenol during musth.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is also one of the chemical compounds found in castoreum.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is ingested from the plants the beaver eats.

Occurrence in whisky:
Carbolic acid (phenol) is a measurable component in the aroma and taste of the distinctive Islay scotch whisky, generally ~30 ppm, but it can be over 160ppm in the malted barley used to produce whisky.
This amount is different from and presumably higher than the amount in the distillate.

Biodegradation:
Cryptanaerobacter phenolicus is a bacterium species that produces benzoate from phenol via 4-hydroxybenzoate.
Rhodococcus phenolicus is a bacterium species able to degrade phenol as sole carbon source




QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT CARBOLIC ACID (PHENOL):
What is Carbolic acid (phenol) used for?
Carbolic acid (phenol) is so cheap it attracts plenty of small-scale applications.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is a part of industrial paint strippers used for the removal of epoxy, polyurethane, and other chemically resistant coatings in the aviation industry.
Phenol derivatives can be used in cosmetics preparation, including sunscreens, hair colouring, skin lightening preparations, and skin toners/exfoliators.

Is phenol acidic or basic?
Carbolic acid (phenol) can be considered a weak acid.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is in equilibrium with the phenolate anion C6H5O− (also called phenoxide) in aqueous solutions that are within the pH range 5-6.
One reason, for why phenol is more acidic than aliphatic compounds, is that it contains an OH group and the aromatic ring resonance stabilizes the phenoxide anion.

Phenol is an organic compound which is considerably soluble in water, dissolving about 84.2 g in 1000 mL (to form a 0.895 M solution).
Homogenous phenol-water mixtures at phenol to water mass ratios of ~2.6 and higher are possible.
The phenol sodium salt, sodium phenoxide, is much more soluble in water.

Which is known as carbolic acid?
Carbolic acid (phenol) is also known as carbolic acid.
Carbolic acid (phenol) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH.



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT CARBOLIC ACID (PHENOL):
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product







CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBOLIC ACID (PHENOL):
Chemical formula C6H6O
Molar mass 94.113 g/mol
Appearance Transparent crystalline solid
Odor Sweet and tarry
Density 1.07 g/cm3
Melting point 40.5 °C (104.9 °F; 313.6 K)
Boiling point 181.7 °C (359.1 °F; 454.8 K)
Solubility in water 8.3 g/100 mL (20 °C)
log P 1.48
Vapor pressure 0.4 mmHg (20 °C)
Acidity (pKa)
9.95 (in water),
18.0 (in DMSO),
29.1 (in acetonitrile)
Conjugate base Phenoxide
UV-vis (λmax) 270.75 nm
Dipole moment 1.224 D
C6H6O Phenol
Molecular Weight/ Molar Mass 94.11 g/mol
Density 1.07 g/cm³
Melting Point 40.5 °C
Boiling Point 181.7 °C

carbomer; Poly(acrylic acid); PAA, PAAc, Acrysol, Acumer, Alcosperse, Aquatreat, Carbomer, Sokalan cas no: 9003-01-4

ACTIVATED CARBON DARCO G-60;ACTIVATED CHARCOAL NORIT;ACTIVATED CHARCOAL NORIT(R);ACETYLENE BLACK;ACETYLENE CARBON BLACK;CARBO ACTIVATUS;CARBON, ACTIVATED;CARBON 84 CAS NO:1333-86-4

Carbomer 940 is a synthetic polymer made from acrylic acid monomers.
Its chemical structure consists of long chains of acrylic acid molecules cross-linked with a polyalkenyl ether.
Carbomer 940 is commonly used as a thickening agent, gelling agent, and stabilizer in a wide range of pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care products.
Carbomer 940 is known for its ability to create clear, transparent gels when hydrated, making it valuable in formulations where clarity is important.

CAS Number: 9003-01-4



APPLICATIONS


Carbomer 940 is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry to formulate oral suspensions and liquid medications.
In the cosmetics industry, Carbomer 940 is a key ingredient in the production of clear and stable gel-based skincare products.
Carbomer 940 is utilized in the formulation of gel-based sunscreens, providing even distribution of UV-blocking agents.
Carbomer 940 plays a vital role in creating gel-based hand sanitizers, improving the consistency and ease of application.
In ophthalmic products, Carbomer 940 is used to formulate clear and soothing eye drops.

Topical gels containing Carbomer 940 are used to deliver medications for conditions such as arthritis and muscle pain.
Dental care products, including toothpaste and dental gels, use Carbomer 940 to create a smooth and uniform texture.
Veterinary wound dressings and gels often contain Carbomer 940 for wound healing in animals.
Many hair styling products, such as hair gels and pomades, rely on Carbomer 940 for their gel-like consistency.

Skin moisturizers and serums in the cosmetic industry use Carbomer 940 to provide a non-greasy and hydrating feel.
Some topical antibiotic ointments use Carbomer 940 as a stabilizer to maintain the integrity of active ingredients.
Gel-based dietary supplements may incorporate Carbomer 940 to suspend vitamins, minerals, and nutrients.

Lubricating gels for medical procedures, such as ultrasound exams, benefit from Carbomer 940's smooth texture.
Veterinary topical products for pets, including wound care and skin treatments, utilize Carbomer 940.
Clear and stable gel-based air fresheners often contain Carbomer 940 to disperse fragrances effectively.
Carbomer 940 is employed in the creation of gel-based adhesive products for labels and stickers.

Dental adhesives and dental impression materials use this polymer to improve adhesion and consistency.
Carbomer 940 contributes to the formulation of gel-based hair color products, preventing drips during application.
Skincare masks and treatments use this polymer to create gel-like textures that adhere well to the skin.
Veterinary dental gels may contain Carbomer 940 to enhance adhesion and effectiveness.

Clear and transparent gel-based personal lubricants for intimate use use Carbomer 940 for their texture.
Carbomer 940 is employed in the creation of gel-based fragrances and perfumes, allowing for controlled release.
In the electronics industry, Carbomer 940 may be added to thermal grease formulations to improve heat conductivity.
Gel-based insect repellent creams and lotions for outdoor use often contain Carbomer 940.
Carbomer 940 continues to find applications in various industries, contributing to the development of innovative and effective products across sectors.

Carbomer 940 is frequently used in the formulation of gel-based over-the-counter (OTC) topical pain relievers, offering soothing relief for muscle and joint discomfort.
Carbomer 940 plays a role in the production of clear, non-dripping gel-based hair dyes, making it easier for consumers to apply the product evenly.
Skin-friendly gel-based exfoliants and peels often contain Carbomer 940 to create a consistent texture for gentle exfoliation.
Carbomer 940 is found in wound care gels and hydrogel dressings, aiding in the management of chronic and acute wounds.

Gel-based hand and body washes use this polymer to create luxurious, moisturizing lathers that cleanse and hydrate the skin.
Some sunscreen products utilize Carbomer 940 to improve the spreadability of UV-blocking agents for better sun protection.
Veterinary oral gels containing Carbomer 940 make it easier to administer medications to pets, ensuring precise dosing.

In the food industry, Carbomer 940 may be used in gel-based food products, such as dessert fillings and toppings.
Denture adhesives may contain Carbomer 940 to provide strong adhesion and comfort for denture wearers.
Carbomer 940 is an ingredient in the formulation of gel-based personal lubricants for intimate use.

Gel-based paints and coatings may incorporate Carbomer 940 to achieve the desired consistency and adhesion to surfaces.
Carbomer 940 is used in the creation of clear, water-based gel candles that burn cleanly and slowly.

In the manufacturing of gel-based insect bite relief products, Carbomer 940 helps soothe itching and discomfort.
Veterinary eye gels containing Carbomer 940 aid in ocular medication delivery for pets.
Carbomer 940 is employed in the production of gel-based air fresheners, contributing to long-lasting fragrance dispersion.

Gel-based pet shampoos and conditioners use Carbomer 940 for its ability to provide a luxurious texture and effective cleansing.
Some gel-based cleaning agents for household and industrial use may contain Carbomer 940 for improved viscosity and cleaning performance.
Veterinary digestive supplements in gel form use this polymer to ensure even distribution of active ingredients.

Carbomer 940 is an essential component in the formulation of gel-based wound sealants and adhesives for medical applications.
Carbomer 940 is found in gel-based foot creams and treatments for moisturizing and softening dry skin.
In the agricultural sector, Carbomer 940 may be added to formulations of gel-based pesticides and herbicides to improve adhesion to plant surfaces.

Veterinary ear gels containing Carbomer 940 aid in the administration of ear medications for pets.
Some gel-based pet dental care products use Carbomer 940 to create effective and easy-to-apply formulations.
Carbomer 940 is used in the production of clear, gel-based household adhesives for various DIY and repair applications.

Carbomer 940 continues to be a valuable and versatile ingredient, contributing to the creation of innovative and effective products across multiple industries.
Gel-based personal lubricants containing Carbomer 940 offer enhanced comfort and lubrication during intimate activities.
Carbomer 940 is used in the production of gel-based tattoo aftercare products to soothe and protect newly tattooed skin.

In the textile industry, Carbomer 940 may be added to textile printing pastes to improve consistency and print quality.
Some gel-based acne treatments and spot treatments use Carbomer 940 to deliver active ingredients effectively.
Veterinary gel-based oral hygiene products help maintain pets' dental health and may contain Carbomer 940.

Carbomer 940 is utilized in the creation of gel-based industrial lubricants to reduce friction and enhance machinery performance.
Gel-based wound care products for human and veterinary use incorporate this polymer to promote healing and prevent infection.
Carbomer 940 is found in gel-based antifungal creams and ointments, aiding in the treatment of fungal skin infections.
Some gel-based adhesive removers use Carbomer 940 to dissolve and remove adhesive residues from skin and surfaces.
Gel-based depilatory creams and lotions may contain this polymer for smooth and effective hair removal.

Carbomer 940 is used in the formulation of clear and stable gel-based contact lens lubricants for improved comfort.
In the electronics industry, Carbomer 940 may be added to thermal interface materials (TIMs) for efficient heat dissipation.
Gel-based skin barrier creams containing Carbomer 940 help protect the skin from irritants and moisture.
Veterinary gel-based eye drops use Carbomer 940 to ensure precise dosing and eye lubrication for animals.

Some gel-based foot care products contain Carbomer 940 to provide relief from dry, cracked heels and calluses.
Carbomer 940 is utilized in the creation of gel-based airbrush makeup products for a flawless finish.

Gel-based ink formulations for specialty pens and markers may incorporate this polymer to control viscosity.
In the automotive industry, Carbomer 940 may be used in the production of gel-based tire shine products for a glossy finish.
Veterinary gel-based supplements for pets use Carbomer 940 to maintain the stability of active ingredients.

Carbomer 940 is found in gel-based cuticle removers and nail treatments for nail care and grooming.
Gel-based adhesive pads and tapes use this polymer to enhance adhesion and durability.
Some gel-based personal cooling products, such as cooling gels and patches, contain Carbomer 940 for soothing relief.

Carbomer 940 is employed in the creation of gel-based oral hygiene products for humans and pets.
Gel-based stain removers and pre-treatment products may contain this polymer for effective stain removal.
Carbomer 940 remains a versatile and indispensable ingredient, contributing to the development of innovative and functional products across diverse industries.



DESCRIPTION


Carbomer 940 is a synthetic polymer made from acrylic acid monomers.
Its chemical structure consists of long chains of acrylic acid molecules cross-linked with a polyalkenyl ether.
Carbomer 940 is commonly used as a thickening agent, gelling agent, and stabilizer in a wide range of pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care products.
Carbomer 940 is known for its ability to create clear, transparent gels when hydrated, making it valuable in formulations where clarity is important.

Carbomer 940 is also pH-sensitive and can be neutralized with alkalis (bases) to achieve the desired viscosity and gel consistency in various applications.
Carbomer 940 is a high-molecular-weight polymer widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care industries.

Carbomer 940 is a synthetic acrylic acid polymer composed of long, cross-linked chains.
Carbomer 940r is known for its exceptional thickening and gelling properties.
Carbomer 940 is a white, fluffy, and powdery substance in its dry form.

When hydrated, Carbomer 940 forms clear, transparent gels that are valued for their aesthetic appeal.
Carbomer 940 is pH-sensitive, meaning its viscosity and gel consistency can be adjusted by neutralizing it with alkalis such as sodium hydroxide.
Carbomer 940 can absorb and retain large amounts of water, making it an excellent moisturizing agent.

Carbomer 940 is used to stabilize emulsions, preventing the separation of oil and water phases in various formulations.
In pharmaceuticals, Carbomer 940 is commonly used to create controlled-release drug delivery systems.
Carbomer 940 is a key ingredient in the formulation of topical gels, ointments, and creams used for a wide range of skin conditions.

Cosmetic products like clear gels, serums, and moisturizers often contain Carbomer 940 to achieve a luxurious and non-greasy texture.
Hand sanitizers may use Carbomer 940 to thicken the formulation for easier application.
Carbomer 940 can suspend solid particles evenly in liquid formulations, making it suitable for suspensions and shampoos.
Dental gels and toothpaste may use this polymer to create a smooth and consistent texture for effective cleaning.

Carbomer 940 plays a crucial role in the formulation of clear eye drops, ensuring proper viscosity and comfort upon application.
Veterinary topical products like wound dressings and gels use Carbomer 940 for wound care and treatment.

Carbomer 940 is often found in gel-based haircare products, such as hair gels and styling creams.
Some topical antibiotic ointments contain Carbomer 940 to maintain the stability of active ingredients.
Carbomer 940 is used in the production of gel-based sunscreens, ensuring even distribution of UV filters.

Lubricating gels for various applications, including medical procedures and personal use, use this polymer to create smooth textures.
Carbomer 940 aids in the creation of gel-based dietary supplements, helping to suspend active ingredients effectively.
Carbomer 940 can form a thin, flexible film when applied to the skin, providing a protective barrier.

In the automotive industry, Carbomer 940 is used in the production of lubricating gels for various components.
Carbomer 940 is compatible with a wide range of cosmetic and pharmaceutical ingredients, making it a versatile choice for formulators.
Overall, Carbomer 940's unique properties make it an indispensable ingredient in numerous products, contributing to their texture, stability, and performance.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: White, fluffy powder in its dry form.
Texture: Forms clear, transparent gels when hydrated.
Odor: Odorless.
Solubility: Insoluble in water; swells and disperses in water to form gels.
pH-Sensitivity: Viscosity and gel consistency can be adjusted by neutralizing with alkalis (bases) such as sodium hydroxide.
Hygroscopicity: Has the ability to absorb and retain significant amounts of water.
Molecular Weight: High molecular weight polymer.
Film-Forming: Can form a thin, flexible film when applied to surfaces.


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Structure: Made from acrylic acid monomers cross-linked with a polyalkenyl ether.
Acidity: Contains carboxylic acid groups (carboxyl groups) in its structure.
Polymerization: Synthetic polymer created through polymerization reactions.
Cross-Linking: Forms a cross-linked network of polymer chains when hydrated.


Functional Properties:

Thickening: Acts as a highly efficient thickening agent in formulations.
Gelling: Ability to create stable gels with varying viscosities.
Stabilizing: Used to stabilize emulsions, suspensions, and dispersions.
Moisturizing: Can absorb and retain water, providing hydration in topical applications.
Clarity: Gels formed are typically clear and transparent.
pH Adjustment: Allows for pH adjustment in formulations.



FIRST AID


Inhalation (Breathing in Dust):

Move to Fresh Air:
If there is accidental inhalation of Carbomer 940 dust, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air to prevent further exposure.

Seek Medical Attention:
If respiratory irritation or distress persists or worsens, seek immediate medical attention and provide information about the substance involved.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
If Carbomer 940 comes into contact with the skin, promptly remove contaminated clothing and shoes to prevent further exposure.

Wash Skin Thoroughly:
Wash the affected skin area gently but thoroughly with mild soap and lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes to remove any residue.

Seek Medical Attention:
If skin irritation, redness, or other adverse reactions occur and persist, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
In case of accidental eye contact with Carbomer 940, immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing, lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
Use an eyewash station if available.

Contact Lenses:
If contact lenses are being worn and can be easily removed, do so while flushing the eyes.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention if eye irritation, redness, pain, or blurred vision persists.


Ingestion (Swallowing):

Do NOT Induce Vomiting:
If Carbomer 940 is accidentally ingested, do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.

Rinse Mouth:
Rinse the mouth gently with water and provide sips of water to drink if the person is conscious and not experiencing symptoms of aspiration.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center if a significant amount has been ingested or if symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or discomfort occur.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling Conditions:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
When handling Carbomer 940, wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including safety goggles or face shield, gloves, and lab coat or protective clothing, to prevent skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize the inhalation of dust or aerosolized particles. Use local exhaust ventilation if available.

Avoid Dust Generation:
Handle Carbomer 940 gently to minimize the generation of dust.
Dust can lead to inhalation and eye irritation.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
In case of accidental contact, follow the first aid measures provided and seek medical attention if necessary.

Prevent Ingestion:
Do not eat, drink, smoke, or apply cosmetics in areas where Carbomer 940 is being handled.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Hygiene Practices:
Implement good personal hygiene practices, including washing hands before eating, drinking, or using the restroom.

Storage and Handling Equipment:
Use appropriate equipment, such as scoops or dust masks, to handle Carbomer 940 if required by the handling procedure.

Labeling:
Ensure that containers holding Carbomer 940 are clearly labeled with the substance name and any relevant safety information.


Storage Conditions:

Storage Temperature:
Store Carbomer 940 in a cool, dry place at room temperature, typically between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
Avoid exposure to extreme heat or cold.

Moisture Prevention:
Protect the substance from moisture and humidity, as excessive moisture can affect its properties and cause clumping.

Light Protection:
Store Carbomer 940 away from direct sunlight or strong UV radiation, as exposure to light can degrade the substance over time.

Proper Sealing:
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and moisture ingress.

Incompatible Materials:
Store Carbomer 940 away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizing agents, acids, and bases.

Separation Prevention:
If stored as a dry powder, periodically check for any signs of clumping or caking and break up any clumps to maintain its free-flowing consistency.

Original Packaging:
Whenever possible, use the original packaging or containers provided by the manufacturer to store Carbomer 940.



SYNONYMS


Carbopol 940 (Carbopol is a trademarked name for carbomers)
Polyacrylic acid
Acrylic acid polymer
Carbomer homopolymer
Acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer
Carbomer resin
Carboxypolymethylene
Carbopol ETD 2020
Carbopol 2020 NF
Carbopol 980
Carbopol 981
Carbopol 1342
Carbopol 1382
Carbopol 941
Carbopol 934
Carbopol 961
Carbopol 974P
Carbopol 934P
Carbopol 971P
Carbopol 2020
Acrysol K 150
Pemulen TR-1
Ultrez 20
Novethix L-10
Noveon AA-1

Carbomer 980 is a synthetic polymer and is a type of high-molecular-weight, cross-linked polyacrylic acid.
Carbomer 980 is commonly used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as a thickening agent, gelling agent, and emulsifying agent.
Carbomer polymers are known for their ability to absorb and retain large amounts of water, which allows them to form gels and thickened solutions when dispersed in aqueous media.

CAS Number: 9003-01-4



APPLICATIONS


Carbomer 980 is extensively used in the pharmaceutical industry as a thickening agent for oral suspensions and syrups.
Carbomer 980 is a key ingredient in many over-the-counter and prescription medications, helping to create stable and easily dosed liquid formulations.

In cosmetics, Carbomer 980 is employed to thicken creams, lotions, and gels, providing a pleasant texture and improved product spreadability.
Carbomer 980 is commonly found in skincare products like moisturizers and serums, contributing to their smooth and luxurious feel.
Carbomer 980 is utilized in the formulation of clear and transparent gel-based skincare products, such as anti-aging gels and hydrating masks.
Carbomer 980 helps suspend and evenly distribute active ingredients in cosmetic formulations, ensuring uniform application.

Haircare products like hair gels and styling products often contain Carbomer 980 to enhance texture and hold.
In the personal care industry, Carbomer 980 is used in the production of bath gels, shower creams, and hand sanitizers to achieve the desired consistency.
Carbomer 980 is crucial in the formulation of sunscreens, providing stability and a smooth application experience.

Dental products like toothpaste and mouthwash use Carbomer 980 for its thickening and suspending properties.
Topical pain relief gels and creams rely on Carbomer 980 to maintain a gel-like consistency for easy application and absorption.
Carbomer 980 is a common ingredient in ophthalmic solutions and eye drops, ensuring that the solution remains in contact with the eye's surface.

Veterinary medications may also contain Carbomer 980 to facilitate dosing and administration to animals.
Carbomer 980 is used in wound care products like hydrogel dressings, aiding in moisture retention and wound healing.
Carbomer 980 is found in rectal gels and suppositories, improving the retention of active pharmaceutical ingredients.

Gel-based contraceptives, used as a spermicide, often include Carbomer 980 to maintain the gel's consistency and effectiveness.
In the food industry, Carbomer 980 is employed as a thickening agent in certain food products, although its use is more common in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.
Carbomer 980 plays a role in the creation of ultrasound gels used in medical imaging procedures.

Carbomer 980 is utilized in veterinary wound care products to enhance their effectiveness in treating animal injuries.
In the textile industry, Carbomer 980 can be used as a thickener in dyeing processes.

Carbomer 980 is an important component in the production of adhesives and sealants for various applications.
Carbomer 980 contributes to the thickening and stabilization of latex-based paints and coatings.
Carbomer 980 is utilized in the formulation of hair removal creams and depilatory products.

Carbomer 980 is a valuable ingredient in the cosmetics industry for creating long-lasting nail gels and polishes.
Carbomer 980 is essential in the production of a wide range of consumer and industrial products, enhancing their performance and user experience.
Carbomer 980 is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry to formulate controlled-release drug delivery systems, ensuring a gradual release of medications over time.
Carbomer 980 is an essential component in the manufacturing of contact lens solutions, contributing to the comfort and efficacy of the solution for lens wearers.

In the production of topical antibiotic ointments and creams, Carbomer 980 helps maintain the consistency and stability of the product.
Dental adhesives and oral care gels often contain this polymer to improve their adhesive properties and consistency.
Carbomer 980 is utilized in the production of wound irrigation solutions for cleansing and disinfecting wounds.
Carbomer 980 is an ingredient in veterinary topical formulations, including creams, gels, and ointments, for the treatment of skin conditions in animals.

Cosmetic products such as foundation primers and makeup removers benefit from the smoothing and emulsifying properties of Carbomer 980.
Hand and body lotions containing this polymer provide a luxurious and non-greasy texture, making them more appealing to consumers.
Carbomer 980 is used in the creation of gel-based hair conditioners, enhancing the manageability and softness of the hair.

Carbomer 980 is a crucial ingredient in the production of ultrasound coupling gels, ensuring efficient transmission of ultrasound waves in medical imaging.
In the automotive industry, Carbomer 980 is employed in the formulation of lubricating gels used for window regulators and door seals.
Some lubricating eye drops contain Carbomer 980 to provide long-lasting relief for dry eyes.

Carbomer 980 contributes to the creation of stable and smooth-textured shaving gels and creams.
Veterinary ear cleansers and treatments may contain this polymer to aid in ear cleaning and medication application.
Carbomer 980 plays a role in the formulation of sunscreen lotions and sprays, providing a uniform distribution of UV filters.

Carbomer 980 is used in the creation of dermal fillers for cosmetic procedures, helping to achieve desired consistency and longevity.
Some dietary supplements, particularly liquid formulations, use this polymer to suspend active ingredients.
In the electronics industry, Carbomer 980 is utilized in the production of thermal interface materials to enhance heat dissipation.

Carbomer 980 is found in denture adhesives, improving the hold and comfort of dentures for wearers.
Carbomer 980 is used in the creation of gel-based household cleaning products, including toilet bowl cleaners.
In the construction industry, Carbomer 980 can be added to cement-based formulations to improve workability and adhesion.
Water-based lubricants for personal use and medical procedures often contain Carbomer 980 for a smooth and non-irritating experience.

Some topical antifungal treatments for skin conditions such as athlete's foot and ringworm contain this polymer to enhance product efficacy.
Carbomer 980 is employed in the production of gel-based insect repellents for ease of application.

Carbomer 980 continues to find applications in various industries, emphasizing its versatility and importance in product development and manufacturing processes.
In the agricultural industry, Carbomer 980 can be used in the formulation of gel-based pesticides to improve adhesion to plant surfaces.
Some veterinary wound dressings contain Carbomer 980 to provide a moist environment that supports wound healing in animals.

Carbomer 980 is utilized in the cosmetics industry to formulate water-based foundations, ensuring a smooth and even application.
Carbomer 980 can be found in skincare masks, helping to create gel-like textures that adhere well to the skin.

Carbomer 980 is used in the production of gel-based serums and treatments, delivering concentrated skincare ingredients effectively.
In the manufacturing of adhesives for labels and stickers, Carbomer 980 contributes to the desired tackiness and adhesion.
Some hair color products contain Carbomer 980 to create stable gel-based formulations that do not drip during application.

Carbomer 980 is used in the creation of gel-based fragrances and perfumes, allowing for controlled release over time.
Toothpaste gels formulated with this polymer offer improved consistency and texture for effective cleaning.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Carbomer 980 is employed in the formulation of rectal gels for the treatment of certain medical conditions.

Veterinary dental gels use Carbomer 980 to improve their adherence to the animal's teeth and gums.
Some wound sealants and hemostatic agents used in surgery contain Carbomer 980 to create a gel-like barrier.
Carbomer 980 is used in the production of gel-based hair styling products, including hair gels and pomades.
Carbomer 980 contributes to the creation of gel-based personal lubricants for intimate use.

In the electronics industry, Carbomer 980 can be added to thermal grease formulations to improve heat conductivity.
Some dietary supplements in liquid form use Carbomer 980 to suspend vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients.
In the textile industry, Carbomer 980 is employed as a thickener for dyeing and printing processes.

Carbomer 980 is used in the formulation of clear and transparent gel-based hand sanitizers.
Some veterinary wound sealants contain this polymer to promote rapid and effective wound closure in animals.

Carbomer 980 plays a role in the production of gel-based veterinary ear medications for pets.
Carbomer 980 is used in the formulation of clear, water-based gel lubricants for medical procedures.
In the aerospace industry, Carbomer 980 can be found in heat-resistant gels used in certain applications.

Some veterinary oral gels use this polymer to improve palatability and ease of administration.
Carbomer 980 is employed in the creation of clear and stable gel-based air fresheners.

Carbomer 980 continues to be a versatile and indispensable ingredient in numerous industries, contributing to the development of a wide range of consumer, medical, and industrial products.
Carbomer 980 is utilized in the production of gel-based wound care dressings, which provide a moist environment for optimal wound healing.
Carbomer 980 is found in veterinary eye ointments, helping to create a viscous and long-lasting eye treatment.

Carbomer 980 contributes to the formulation of gel-based dietary fiber supplements, making it easier for consumers to incorporate fiber into their diets.
In the manufacturing of gel-based air fresheners for cars and homes, it enhances the dispersion of fragrances.
Veterinary dental gels containing this polymer help pet owners maintain their pets' oral health by aiding in plaque and tartar removal.

Some veterinary eye drops use Carbomer 980 to improve ocular drug delivery and retention.
In the electronics industry, it can be found in the production of conductive gels used in various applications.
Carbomer 980 is used in the creation of clear and stable gel-based hand and body washes.

Carbomer 980 contributes to the formulation of gel-based insect repellent creams and lotions for outdoor use.
In the production of gel-based plant fertilizers, it helps ensure controlled nutrient release.
Veterinary wound gels containing this polymer can be used on both small and large animals to facilitate wound healing.

Carbomer 980 is employed in the formulation of gel-based mouth rinses and oral care products.
Some veterinary digestive supplements in gel form use this polymer for improved consistency and ease of administration.
Carbomer 980 is found in the creation of gel-based medical lubricants for procedures such as endoscopy.
Carbomer 980 contributes to the formulation of gel-based foot creams and treatments, aiding in the softening and moisturizing of the skin.

In the automotive industry, Carbomer 980 can be used in the production of gel-based tire shines and dressings for tire maintenance.
Veterinary topical wound gels with Carbomer 980 help prevent contamination and promote healing.
Some veterinary ointments contain this polymer to create a thick and protective barrier for wound care.
Carbomer 980 is utilized in the production of gel-based cleaning agents for various applications, including industrial and household cleaning.
Carbomer 980 can be found in the creation of gel-based hair removal creams for smooth skin.

In the agricultural sector, Carbomer 980 may be added to formulations of gel-based herbicides and pesticides to improve adherence to plant surfaces.
Some veterinary analgesic gels use this polymer to enhance the application and absorption of pain-relieving medications.
Carbomer 980 is employed in the formulation of clear and stable gel-based lubricants for mechanical applications.
In the jewelry industry, Carbomer 980 can be used in the production of gel-based polishing compounds for metals and gemstones.
Carbomer 980 continues to be a valuable and adaptable component in numerous industries, contributing to the development of innovative and effective products across various sectors.



DESCRIPTION


Carbomer 980 is a synthetic polymer and is a type of high-molecular-weight, cross-linked polyacrylic acid.
Carbomer 980 is commonly used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as a thickening agent, gelling agent, and emulsifying agent.
Carbomer polymers are known for their ability to absorb and retain large amounts of water, which allows them to form gels and thickened solutions when dispersed in aqueous media.

Carbomer 980, in particular, is designed for use in topical and oral formulations, including gels, creams, lotions, and suspensions.
Carbomer 980 helps improve the texture, stability, and consistency of such products, making them easier to apply and enhancing their overall performance.

Carbomer 980 is a synthetic, high-molecular-weight polymer with a powdery appearance.
Carbomer 980 belongs to the Carbomer family, which consists of various acrylic acid polymers.

Carbomer 980 is highly versatile and widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care industries.
Carbomer 980 is primarily employed as a thickening and gelling agent.
Carbomer 980 is designed to create stable gels and enhance the viscosity of aqueous solutions.

Carbomer 980 has the ability to absorb and retain a significant amount of water.
Carbomer 980 forms transparent gels when dispersed in water or other aqueous solutions.
Carbomer 980 is odorless and tasteless, making it suitable for use in various formulations.

Carbomer 980 is compatible with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients and pharmaceutical compounds.
Carbomer 980 is often used to improve the texture and consistency of creams and lotions.
Carbomer 980 helps prevent the separation of ingredients in emulsions.
Carbomer 980 is known for its excellent suspending properties, which allow it to hold particles evenly throughout a formulation.
Carbomer 980 is used in the formulation of topical gels, such as hand sanitizers and acne treatments.

Carbomer 980 aids in stabilizing and thickening oral suspensions and syrups.
In cosmetics, Carbomer 980 enhances the spreadability and application of skin care products.
Carbomer 980 is particularly useful in creating clear and transparent gel-based products.

Carbomer 980 is pH-sensitive and can be neutralized with alkalis to achieve the desired gel consistency.
Carbomer 980 is effective in thickening a wide range of formulations, from shampoos to eye drops.
Carbomer 980 helps improve the adhesion of cosmetic products to the skin.

Carbomer 980 is often used in sunscreens and other UV protection products.
Carbomer 980 is essential in the formulation of hand sanitizers and disinfecting gels.
Carbomer 980 contributes to the long-lasting stability of many personal care products.

Carbomer 980 enhances the rheological properties of various formulations.
Carbomer 980 is an industry-standard ingredient relied upon for its thickening and stabilizing capabilities.
Its versatility and compatibility with other ingredients make it a valuable component in a wide range of consumer products.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Composition: Carbomer 980 is a high-molecular-weight, cross-linked polyacrylic acid polymer.
Appearance: It typically appears as a white, fluffy, or powdery substance.
Solubility: Carbomer 980 is insoluble in water in its dry form.
Hydration: When mixed with water or aqueous solutions, it can absorb and retain large amounts of water, forming clear, transparent gels.
pH Sensitivity: Carbomer 980 is pH-sensitive and can be neutralized with alkalis (bases) to achieve the desired viscosity and gel consistency.
Viscosity: It has the ability to significantly increase the viscosity of liquid formulations, making it an effective thickening agent.
Stability: Carbomer 980 imparts stability to formulations by preventing ingredient separation and maintaining product integrity.
Clarity: It contributes to the clarity and transparency of gel-based products.
Emulsification: In emulsions, Carbomer 980 can help stabilize the mixture and prevent oil and water phases from separating.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Carbomer 980 dust or particles are inhaled, immediately remove the affected person from the contaminated area to an area with fresh air.
If respiratory irritation or discomfort persists, seek medical attention.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact with Carbomer 980 powder or gel, remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of water and mild soap.
Rinse the skin thoroughly to remove any residual material.
If skin irritation, redness, or rash develops, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

If Carbomer 980 comes into contact with the eyes, immediately rinse the eyes with gently flowing lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes while holding the eyelids open.
Remove any contact lenses if present and continue rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, especially if eye irritation or redness persists.


Ingestion:

If Carbomer 980 is ingested accidentally, do not induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth with water to remove any residual material.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center.

Note: Always provide the medical personnel with information about the specific Carbomer 980 product, its concentration, and the exact circumstances of exposure for appropriate treatment guidance.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
When handling Carbomer 980 in powder or gel form, wear appropriate PPE, including safety goggles, gloves, and a lab coat or protective clothing to minimize the risk of skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use in a well-ventilated area to reduce the potential for inhaling airborne dust or vapors.

Avoiding Dust Formation:
Take measures to prevent the generation of dust when handling Carbomer 980 powder.
Avoid activities such as pouring or scooping that can disperse particles into the air.

Avoiding Contact:
Do not touch your face, eyes, or mouth with gloved hands that may have come into contact with Carbomer 980.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spill Response:
In the event of a spill or leakage, follow the procedures outlined in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for Carbomer 980, which may include measures for containment, cleanup, and disposal.

Storage Containers:
Ensure that containers used for storing Carbomer 980 are tightly sealed to prevent contamination and moisture ingress.


Storage:

Cool and Dry Location:
Store Carbomer 980 in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Avoid exposure to direct sunlight, heat sources, and high temperatures, as elevated temperatures can lead to product degradation.

Temperature Range:
Typically, Carbomer 980 should be stored at temperatures below 25°C (77°F).
However, specific storage temperature recommendations may vary depending on the manufacturer's guidelines.

Moisture Prevention:
Protect Carbomer 980 from moisture by storing it in airtight containers or packaging.
Moisture can cause clumping and affect product performance.

Separation:
If the product has been stored for an extended period, gently mix or stir it before use to ensure homogeneity, especially if it has a tendency to settle.

Incompatible Materials:
Keep Carbomer 980 away from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, strong bases, and oxidizing agents, which can react with the polymer.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers with the product name, batch or lot number, and any specific storage instructions provided by the manufacturer.



SYNONYMS


Carbopol 981
Carbopol 2020
Carbomer 934P
Acrylic Acid Polymer
Cross-Linked Polyacrylic Acid
Acrylic Resin Gel
Carbomer Gel
Polyacrylate Gel
Thickening Agent
Gelling Agent
Hydrogel
Viscosity Enhancer
Topical Gel Matrix
Water-Swelling Polymer
Transparent Gel
Emulsion Stabilizer
Suspension Agent
Oral Suspension Thickener
Emulsifying Gel
Emollient Gel
Ointment Base
Gel-Forming Polymer
Pharmaceutical Excipient
Cosmetic Binder
Film-Forming Agent
Carbopol 971P
Carbopol 1382
Carbopol 941
Carbopol 934
Carbopol 980 NF
Carbomer 961
Carbomer 1342
Carbomer 2020 NF
Acrylic Acid Copolymer
Cross-Linked Acrylic Polymer
Acrylate Gel
Water-Swellable Polymer
Clear Gel
Emulsion Stabilizing Agent
Thickening Polymer
Gel-Forming Material
Hydrophilic Polymer
High-Viscosity Polymer
Pharmaceutical Thickener
Cosmetic Thickening Agent
Polyacrylic Acid Copolymer
Cross-Linked Polymeric Gel
Film-Forming Polymer
Carbomer Homopolymer Type B
Rheology Modifier

Carbomer 980 is a type of acrylic acid polymer that can absorb and retain large amounts of water, thereby forming a gel-like consistency.
Carbomer 980 is a white powder, crosslinked polyacrylic acid that is polymerized in a toxicologically-preferred cosolvent system.
Carbomer 980 can provide a smooth and appealing texture to products.

CAS Number: 139637-85-7
Molecular Formula: C8H8O2
Molecular Weight: 136.15
EINECS Number: 216-472-8

Carbomer 980, also known as Carbomer Homopolymer Type C, is a synthetic high-molecular-weight polymer used in the cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and personal care industries.
Carbomer 980 and similar carbomers are commonly used as thickening agents, gelling agents, and stabilizers in various formulations.

Carbomer 980 is an extremely efficient rheology modifier capable of providing high viscosity and forms sparkling clear gels or hydro-alcoholic gels and creams.
Its short flow, non-drip properties are ideal for applications such as clear gels, hydroalcholic gels, creams, and lotions.

Carbomer 980 are thickening agents that help control the viscosity and flow of cosmetic products.
They also help distribute and suspend insoluble solids into liquid, and prevent the oil and liquid parts of a solution from separating.
They have the ability to absorb and retain water, and can swell up to 1000 times their original volume when dispersed in water.

Generally, this class of ingredients is used in gel-like formulations because it forms a colloidal, mucilage-like consistency when mixed in water.
Carbomer 980 is known for its exceptional thickening capabilities.
Carbomer 980 can absorb and retain large amounts of water, transforming liquid solutions into gels with increased viscosity.

This property is crucial for achieving the desired texture and consistency in products like creams, gels, and lotions.
When dispersed in water or other suitable solvents, Carbomer 980 forms a gel-like structure.
This gelling property is vital for creating stable, visually appealing products that offer enhanced spreadability and application.

Carbomer 980 exhibits shear-thinning behavior, which means that its viscosity decreases under shear stress (like during application) and recovers when the stress is removed.
This behavior results in products that are easy to apply, spread smoothly, and maintain their thickness after application.
The ability of Carbomer 980 to suspend particles evenly within a liquid is advantageous in formulations where maintaining the uniform distribution of solid materials is important.

Carbomer 980 helps prevent settling and enhances the stability of products containing suspended particles.
Carbomer 980 is often used in formulations where transparency or clarity is desired.
When properly neutralized and hydrated, it can create transparent or translucent gels, making it suitable for products that need an aesthetically pleasing appearance.

Carbomer 980 can be used in formulations containing alcohol.
Carbomer 980's capable of forming gels even in the presence of alcohol, which is essential for products like hand sanitizers and other antiseptic gels.
The effectiveness of Carbomer 980 is influenced by pH.

Carbomer 980 typically works best within a pH range of about 5 to 10.
Adjusting the pH can impact the viscosity and stability of the gel formed.
Carbomer 980 is compatible with a wide range of cosmetic and pharmaceutical ingredients.

This versatility allows formulators to create diverse products with different characteristics while utilizing the same thickening and gelling agent.
Carbomer 980 can be used in combination with other thickeners, polymers, or rheology modifiers to achieve specific properties or tailor the texture of the final product.
Proper hydration and mixing are crucial for incorporating Carbomer 980 into formulations.

Carbomer 980 requires adequate mixing to prevent the formation of clumps or lumps and to ensure uniform distribution within the product.
Carbomer 980, exists in two enantiomeric forms, (R)- and (S)-2-methylbutanoic acid.
Carbomer 980 is highly efficient in terms of thickening and stabilizing formulations.

Carbomer 980's versatile and compatible with a wide range of ingredients.
Carbomer 980 is supplied as a white powder that needs to be dispersed in water or a water-alcohol mixture to create a gel.

Carbomer 980 requires proper mixing and neutralization to achieve the desired viscosity and consistency.
Carbomer 980's viscosity and gel formation are influenced by pH. It tends to work best in formulations with a pH range of around 5 to 10.
When incorporating Carbomer 980 into formulations, it's important to hydrate and mix it properly to avoid the formation of clumps or lumps.

Typically, the powder is sprinkled into water or a water-alcohol mixture while stirring. The gel then forms as the polymer absorbs the liquid.
Carbomer 980, like other carbomers, is often neutralized with an alkaline agent (such as triethanolamine) to achieve the desired viscosity and gel structure.
The neutralization process can affect the performance and texture of the final product.

Carbomer 980 may be used in combination with other thickening agents or polymers to achieve specific texture and stability characteristics in formulations.
The use of Carbomer 980 can result in products with various textures, ranging from clear gels to opaque creams, depending on the formulation and other ingredients used.
Carbomer 980 is generally compatible with a wide range of cosmetic and pharmaceutical ingredients.

Carbomer 980's important to conduct compatibility tests when formulating to ensure that it interacts well with other components.
Carbomer 980 is just one variant of carbomer polymers. There are other types such as Carbomer 940, Carbomer 941, etc., each with slightly different properties and applications.
When using Carbomer 980 or any other ingredient in cosmetic or pharmaceutical products, it's important to adhere to regulatory guidelines and ensure accurate labeling of ingredients according to relevant regulations.

Carbomer 980 is often chosen for formulations where transparency or clarity is desired.
When properly hydrated and neutralized, Carbomer 980 can create transparent or translucent gels, making it suitable for products that need a visually appealing appearance.
Carbomer gels, including those made with Carbomer 980, often exhibit shear-thinning behavior.

This means that their viscosity decreases under shear stress (like when the product is applied to the skin) and then recovers when the stress is removed.
This characteristic can lead to smoother application and better spreadability of products like creams and gels.
The appropriate dosage of Carbomer 980 can vary based on the desired viscosity and consistency of the final product.

Carbomer 980, higher concentrations generally result in thicker gels.
Manufacturers or suppliers typically provide recommended usage levels based on the type of product being formulated.
Proper formulation techniques, including mixing, neutralization, and proper storage conditions, contribute to the stability of products containing Carbomer 980.

Storage in high temperatures or exposure to extreme pH conditions could potentially impact the stability of the gel.
When using Carbomer 980 in formulations, it's important to consider the packaging of the final product.
Some dispensing mechanisms might need to accommodate the viscosity and flow properties of the gel or cream.

Carbomer 980 formulations can involve specific manufacturing processes to ensure proper dispersion and uniformity.
This might include using specialized mixing equipment and techniques.
Certain formulations or applications that involve proprietary uses of Carbomer 980 might be covered by patents.

Carbomer 980's advisable to conduct a patent search if you're working on a specialized application.
The choice of a particular carbomer type, including Carbomer 980, might depend on the specific needs of a formulation.
If challenges arise during the formulation process, reformulation might be necessary to achieve the desired product characteristics.

Carbomer 980 is used globally in various cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
Carbomer 980's utilized by formulators and manufacturers to create a wide range of consumer goods.
Carbomer 980 is highly regarded for its ability to modify the rheology (flow behavior) of formulations.

Carbomer 980 is particularly valuable in products where controlled viscosity, suspension of particles, and stability are important.
In addition to its thickening and gelling properties, Carbomer 980 is often used as a suspension agent.
Carbomer 980 can help evenly distribute solid particles within a liquid, preventing settling and maintaining a consistent appearance.

Carbomer 980 can be found in various hygiene products such as hand sanitizers and disinfecting gels.
Its ability to create clear and thick gels is advantageous in these products that require easy application and efficient coverage.
Carbomer 980 can be used to create gels with alcohol bases, which is particularly useful in products like hand sanitizers.

Carbomer 980 can contribute to the gel-like texture even when alcohol is a major component of the formulation.
Formulators can adjust the concentration of Carbomer 980 to achieve the desired viscosity, texture, and flow properties in their formulations.
This flexibility allows for customization of products to meet specific consumer preferences and needs.

The viscosity of Carbomer-based gels, including those made with Carbomer 980, can be affected by temperature changes.
Higher temperatures can lead to decreased viscosity, while lower temperatures can increase viscosity.
Understanding this behavior is important for formulating products that will be used in various environmental conditions.

Manufacturers and formulators need to maintain consistent quality when working with Carbomer 980.
This includes proper mixing procedures, accurate neutralization, and adherence to recommended usage levels to ensure that the final product meets desired specifications.
When using Carbomer 980 in formulations, it's crucial to consider regulatory requirements and restrictions in different regions or countries.

The development of new formulations and applications involving Carbomer 980 is an ongoing process.
Researchers and formulators continuously explore innovative ways to utilize its properties in different products.

Uses
Carbomer 980 is a slightly volatile, colorless liquid with a pungent cheesy odor.
The smell differs significantly between the two enantiomeric forms.
Carbomer 980 has a pleasantly sweet, fruity odor while (R)-2-methylbutanoic acid has a pervasive, cheesy, sweaty odor.

Carbomer 980 is often used as a thickening agent in topical pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations, including gels, creams, lotions, and ointments.
Carbomer 980 can be found in products like hair styling gels, hand sanitizers, shower gels, shampoos, and body washes to provide viscosity and enhance the texture of the products.

Carbomer 980 can also be used in toothpaste formulations to control the viscosity and improve the consistency of the product.
Carbomer 980's sometimes used in eye gels and lubricants due to its ability to provide a clear and comfortable gel-like texture.
Carbomer 980 is used to thicken and stabilize water-based creams and lotions.

Carbomer 980 enhances the texture, spreadability, and feel of the product on the skin.
Carbomer 980's used to create clear or translucent gels in products like moisturizing gels, cooling gels, and soothing gels.
Carbomer 980 can be used to provide viscosity and stability to serums containing active ingredients.

Carbomer 980's a key ingredient in hair styling gels that offer hold and manageability.
Carbomer 980 can be used to thicken and stabilize hair care formulations, improving their texture and application.
Carbomer 980's utilized to control the viscosity of toothpaste formulations, contributing to their appearance and texture.

Carbomer 980 helps create the gel-like texture in hand sanitizers, improving their spreadability and coverage.
Carbomer 980's used in gels designed for intimate hygiene, providing a smooth and comfortable texture.
Carbomer 980 is employed to formulate topical medications like gels and ointments for various skin conditions.

Carbomer 980's used to create eye gels and lubricants for comfort and hydration.
Carbomer 980's used to formulate clear and stable sunscreen gels with smooth application.
Carbomer 980 contributes to the texture of after-sun gels that soothe and moisturize sun-exposed skin.

Carbomer 980 can also be used in products for animal care, such as veterinary ointments and gels.
Carbomer 980's utilized to create luxurious shower gels and body washes with appealing textures.
Carbomer 980 is used in hand and body creams to create rich and moisturizing textures that are easily absorbed by the skin.

Carbomer 980's used in anti-aging serums and creams to provide a smooth application and enhanced delivery of active ingredients.
Carbomer 980 can be found in foundation gels or liquid makeup formulations to improve texture and application.
Carbomer 980's used in tanning lotions and self-tanners to provide a smooth and even application for a natural-looking tan.

Carbomer 980 can be part of acne treatments like gels or spot treatments, helping to deliver active ingredients to affected areas.
Carbomer 980's used in intimate lubricants to provide a smooth and non-sticky texture for enhanced comfort.
Carbomer 980 is used in cooling gels for sore muscles, providing a soothing and easy-to-apply texture.

Carbomer 980's used in hydroalcoholic gels containing alcohol and water, such as sanitizing gels, to maintain the desired consistency.
Carbomer 980 is used in barrier creams to create a protective layer on the skin, aiding in moisture retention.
Carbomer 980's utilized in wound healing gels to provide a gel-like texture that facilitates the application and absorption of healing agents.

Carbomer 980 can be found in various cosmeceutical products that bridge the gap between cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
Carbomer 980's used in products like tinted moisturizers, BB creams, and CC creams to create lightweight and easily spreadable formulations.

Carbomer 980 can be included in baby lotions and creams to provide gentle and comfortable textures for delicate skin.
Carbomer 980's used in aftershave balms and gels to soothe and moisturize skin after shaving.

Safety:
Carbomer 980 is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals when used as directed.
However, as with any chemical, proper handling, storage, and precautions are necessary.
Carbomer 980's essential to follow the recommended usage levels and guidelines provided by the manufacturer.

Carbomer 980, in its dry powder form, might cause irritation if it comes into direct contact with the skin or eyes.
However, once properly mixed into a formulation, its potential to cause irritation is reduced.
Carbomer 980's always important to follow proper handling and safety measures when working with any chemical ingredient.

Inhaling the fine powder of Carbomer 980 can potentially lead to respiratory irritation.
Carbomer 980's advisable to work in well-ventilated areas and wear appropriate protective equipment, such as a mask, when handling the dry powder.

Although allergic reactions to Carbomer 980 are rare, it's theoretically possible for some individuals to develop sensitivity or allergies to the ingredient.
Conducting patch tests and using the ingredient in products at appropriate concentrations can help minimize this risk.

Synonyms
2-Methylbutanoic acid
2-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID
116-53-0
DL-2-Methylbutyric acid
Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-
Ethylmethylacetic acid
Methylethylacetic acid
600-07-7
2-Methybutyric acid
Carbomer 934
Active valeric acid
Butyric acid, 2-methyl-
alpha-Methylbutyric acid
Valeric acid, active
2-methyl-butanoic acid
FEMA No. 2695
Butanoic acid, methyl-
alpha-methyl butyric Acid
NSC 7304
9007-16-3
2-Methylbutyric acid (VAN)
Carbopol 934
Carbopol 974P
(+/-)-2-Methylbutyric acid
2-Methylbutyric acid (natrual)
2-methyl-butyric acid
PX7ZNN5GXK
UNII-PX7ZNN5GXK
EINECS 204-145-2
EINECS 209-982-7
.alpha.-Methylbutyric acid
(1)-2-Methylbutyric acid
BRN 1098537
DL-2-Methyl-d3-butyricAcid
AI3-24202
DTXSID5021621
CHEBI:37070
(S)-(+)-2-MethylbutyricAcid-d3
2-METHYLBUTANOIC ACID (DL)
NSC-7304
EC 204-145-2
4-02-00-00889 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID301621
(R)-2-Methylbutyric Acid-d3
Methylbutyricacid
CAS-116-53-0
(+)-2-methylbutanoic acid
Carpolene
Texcryl
Arolon
Racryl
Tecpol
Solidokoll N
GC Conditioner
MFCD09029093
Ethylmethylacetate
cavity conditioner
Sokalan PAS
2-Ethylpropionate
G-Cure
2-Methyl Butyrate
carbomer-934
Pemulen TR-1
Pemulen TR-2
2-Methylbutanoicacid
Antiprex 461
Carbomer 910
Carbomer 934P
Carbopol 910
Carbopol 961
Carbopol 980
Haloflex 202
Haloflex 208
MFCD00002669
Arasorb 750
DL-2-Methylbutyrate
Carbomer 1342
Carbopol 1342
Good-rite K727
2-Ethylpropionic acid
Arasorb S 100F
D-2-Methyl Butyrate
D-2-Methylbutyricacid
Good-rite K-700
DL-2-Methy Butyrate
PAA20 cpd
PAA60 cpd
Colloids 119/50
DL-2-Methylbutyricacid
Neocryl A-1038
2 - methylbutyric acid
butane-2-carboxylic acid
rac-2-methylbutanoic acid
D-2-Methyl Butyric acid
DL-2-Methy Butyric acid
2-METHYLBUTYRICACID
Carbomer 934 [USAN]
Carbomer 940 [USAN]
Carbomer 941 [USAN]
Carbomer 934p [USAN]
(+/-)-2-Methylbutyrate
(+-)-2-methylbutyric acid
SCHEMBL49960
2-Methyl-Butyric Acid Anion
2-Methylbutyric acid, 98%
(RS)-2-methyl-butyric acid
MLS001055480
METHYL-2-BUTYRIC ACID
Carbomer 934 [USAN:NF]
CCRIS 3234
PAA170
CHEMBL1160012
NSC7304
(.+/-.)-2-Methylbutanoic acid
HMS2270O06
2-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID, DL-
2-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID [FCC]
2-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID [FHFI]
Tox21_201807
Tox21_303584
LMFA01020072
2-Methylbutyric acid, >=98%, FG
Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, (+ -)
DL-.ALPHA.-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID
AKOS000121120
AKOS016843247
Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, (.+.)-
Butyric acid, 2-methyl- (6CI,8CI)
CS-W001942
LS-2915
NSC 106034
NSC 106035
NSC 106036
NSC 106037
NSC 112122
NSC 112123
NSC 114472
NSC 165257
SB47880
TB 1131
(+/-)-2-METHYL BUTYRIC ACID
(.+-.)-2-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID
NCGC00090971-01
NCGC00090971-02
NCGC00257513-01
NCGC00259356-01
2-Methylbutyric acid, analytical standard
AM802977
PD041098
SMR000112113
SY115833
BUTANOIC ACID, 2-METHYL-, (+)-
FT-0604458
FT-0605255
FT-0608333
FT-0671578
FT-0671579
M0181
EN300-27063
C18319
Q209433
J-509893
(+/-)-2-Methylbutyric acid, natural, >=98%, FG
F0001-0289
Z237374874
The viscosity of a neutralized 1.0 percent aqueous dispersion of Carbomer 1342 is between 9,500 and 26,500 centipoises

DESCRIPTION:
CARBON BLACK N330 is a hard particle furnace grade reinforcing carbon black used for a range of applications in rubber industry
CARBON BLACK N330 is a fine black powder made from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons such as coal, oil, and natural gas.
So CARBON BLACK N330 is a common reinforcing filler used in the production of rubber products such as tires, conveyor belts, and hoses.

CAS NO: 1333-86-4
EINECS NO.: 215-609-9


CARBON BLACK N330 is using as a pigment in inks, paints, and plastics
Carbon Black N330 is a High Abrasion Furnace (HAF) grade features medium structure and medium surface area offers high resilience, easy processing and good tensile strength properties.
Carbon Black N330 is with good reinforcing properties, which can give the rubber good strength, tear resistance, abrasion resistance and elasticity.

The rolling loss (hysteresis loss) of the passenger tire using this product is only greater than N351 in the N300 series carbon black, which is smaller than other varieties, and has better dispersion and extrusion performance in the rubber compound.
Carbon Black N330 has High wear-resistant furnace black HAF.

Carbon Black N330 is carbon black.
Carbon Black N330 shows medium-high reinforcing and high modulus of elasticity with good processing ability.
Carbon Black N330 is applicable for wires & cables, industrial rubber, rubber shoes, rubber roller, rubber tube and conveyor belt.


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON BLACK N330:
Iodine Adsorption Number 82 g/kg
Oil Absorption No. 102 cm³/100g
Tint Strength 104 %
Pour Density 376 kg/m³
Fine Content ≤8 %
Sieve Residue
No. 325 Mesh ≤300 ppm
No. 35 Mesh ≤10 ppm
Heating Loss ≤1.5 %
Iodine adsorption, g/kg 82 ± 6
Oil absorption number, cm3 /l00g 102 ± 6
Sieve residue 45 µm (No.325), % ≤ 0.05
Sieve residue 500 µm (No.35), % ≤ 0.001
Heating loss, % ≤ 1.0
Ash content, % ≤ 0.75
Pour density, kg/m³ 380 ± 25
Fines content, % ≤ 7
pH value 7 ÷ 10
Sulfur content, % ≤ 1.1
Individual pellet hardness (average of 20), g ≤ 55
Individual pellet hardness (max of 20), g ≤ 90
Toluene discoloration, % ≥ 85
BET surface area (NSA), m2 /g 78 ± 5
External surface area (STSA), m2 /g 75 ± 5
Tint strength 104 ± 5
Oil absorption number of compressed sample, cm3 /100g 88 ± 5
Appearance at 20 : ℃ Black GRANULAR
Odor: Odorless
Melting point: 500 ℃
Decomposition point or range: above 550 ℃
Solubility in water at 80 : Insoluble
Product code Carbon Black N330
Origin China
Manufacturer Cabot
Sensory Super fine powder
Color Black
Molecular mass (dvC) twelfth
Density (20 o C) 1.7 - 1.9 g / cm 3
Density of heap 20 - 550 kg / m 3
Solubility Insoluble in water
PH value > 7
Boiling point 3500 ° C (6332 ° F)

USES OF CARBON BLACK N330:
Black carbon N330 has a specific surface area of around 70-80 m²/g and a particle size of around 20-30 nm.
Most common grade Carbon black N330 is use as a reinforcing filler in rubber products, such as tires, conveyor belts, and hoses.

CARBON BLACK N330 helps to improve the mechanical properties of the rubber, such as its tensile strength, abrasion resistance, and durability.
CARBON BLACK N330 is using as a pigment in inks, coatings, and plastics.

High stiffness:
Compare to other types, N330 has a lower surface area and larger particle size, which makes it more suitable for use in applications that require high stiffness, such as industrial rubber goods and mechanical rubber goods.
CARBON BLACK N330 also has good conductivity and UV resistance, which make it useful in applications where these properties are important.

CARBON BLACK N330 is a kind of new process carbon black furnace process and high ware-resistant.
CARBON BLACK N330 is wet method pellet, easy to traffic , low pollution, apply to wide field.
Its specification is medium gain diameter, high D.B.P, wide range of general purpose application.


APPLICATIONS OF CARBON BLACK N330:
CARBON BLACK N330Is a substance that increases the durability of tires, an enhancer in rubber and footwear products.
CARBON BLACK N330 is Used as pigments in printing inks, paints, plastics, rubber, and footwear.
CARBON BLACK N330 is Used as a substance to increase the durability of rubber and plastic products.

CARBON BLACK N330 is Used in radar absorbent materials and in ink for laser printers and copiers.
CARBON BLACK N330 is Used to dye black recycled plastic beads, black dyeing plastic products, rubber shoe soles, ...
CARBON BLACK N330 is Mixing into fertilizer, dyeing fertilizer black







QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT CARBON BLACK N330:
WHAT IS CARBON BLACK N330?
As a matter of fact, the Carbon Black N330 is the end product of the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products like-
• Fcc tar
• Coal tar
• Ethylene cracking tar

By the same token, It is a form of para crystalline carbon that has high surface area to volume ratio, but lower than that of activated carbon.

WHAT ARE THE SUBTYPES OF CARBON BLACK N330?
The subtypes of the carbon black are (equally important):

• Acetylene black
• Channel black
• Furnace black
• Lamp black and
• Thermal black

WHAT IS THE USE OF CARBON BLACK N330?
Moreover, Carbon black is widely used as a model compound for diesel soot for diesel oxidation experiments, and also used as a reinforcing filler in tires and other rubber products.
Similarly, Carbon black N330 is used as a color pigment in plastics, paints and inks.

Carbon black N330 also offers very good abrasion resistance.
As well as, Carbon black N330 also provides good tear resistance and high tensile strength.

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT CARBON BLACK N330:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product

Carbon Black N330 Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is most widely used type of high abrasion furnace black. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is a kind of good carbon black reinforcing performance, and can give a good rubber tensile properties, tear resistance, abrasion resistance and flexibility. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is a material produced by the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products such as FCC tar, coal tar, or ethylene cracking tar.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is a form of paracrystalline carbon that has a high surface-area-to-volume ratio, albeit lower than that of activated carbon.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is dissimilar to soot in its much higher surface-area-to-volume ratio and significantly lower (negligible and non-bioavailable) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content. However,Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is widely used as a model compound for diesel soot for diesel oxidation experiments.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is mainly used as a reinforcing filler in tires and other rubber products. In plastics, paints, and inks,Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is used as a color pigment. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is possibly carcinogenic to humans.Short-term exposure to high concentrations of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) dust may produce discomfort to the upper respiratory tract, through mechanical irritation.Common uses: Total production was around 8,100,000 metric tons (8,900,000 short tons) in 2006. Global consumption of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330), estimated at 13.2 million metric tons, valued at US$13.7 billion,in 2015, is expected to reach 13.9 million metric tons, valued at US$14.4 billion in 2016. Global consumption is forecast to maintain a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of 5.6% between 2016 and 2022, reaching 19.2 million metric tons, valued at US$20.4 billion, by 2022.The most common use (70%) of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is as a pigment and reinforcing phase in automobile tires.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) also helps conduct heat away from the tread and belt area of the tire, reducing thermal damage and increasing tire life. About 20% of world production goes into belts, hoses, and other non-tire rubber goods. The balance is mainly used as a pigment in inks, coatings and plastics.For example,Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is added to polypropylene because Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) absorbs ultraviolet radiation, which otherwise causes the material to degrade.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) particles are also employed in some radar absorbent materials, in photocopier and laser printer toner, and in other inks and paints.The high tinting strength and stability of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) has also provided use in coloring of resins and films. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) has been used in various applications for electronics. A good conductor of electricity, Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is used as a filler mixed in plastics, elastomer, films, adhesives, and paints.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is used as an antistatic additive agent in automobile fuel caps and pipes.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) from vegetable origin is used as a food coloring.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is approved for use as additive 153 (Carbon blacks or Vegetable carbon) in Australia and New Zealand but has been banned.The color pigment Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) has been widely used for many years in food and beverage packaging.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is used in multi-layer milk bottles and in items like microwavable meal trays and meat trays.The Canadian Government's extensive review of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) in 2011 concluded that Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) should continue to be used in products - including food packaging for consumers - in Canada. This was because "in most consumer products carbon black is bound in a matrix and unavailable for exposure, for example as a pigment in plastics and rubbers" and "it is proposed that carbon black is not entering the environment in a quantity or concentrations or under conditions that constitute or may constitute a danger in Canada to human life or health."Within Australasia, the color pigment Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) in packaging must comply with the requirements of either the EU or US packaging regulations.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) grades are aqueous pigment dispersion based on polymeric dispersants and inkjet quality pigments. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is an aqueous nano-dispersed high performance standard black pigment preparation.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) has very low viscosity and very narrow particle size distribution. Offers high color strength, high transparency and brilliancy. Exhibits excellent light fastness, excellent water fastness and excellent jettability. Provides no sedimentation and good compatibility with acrylic resins and with a wide range of solvents. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is based on polymeric dispersants and ink jet quality pigments.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is developed for ink-jet applications.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) Melting point 3550 °C(lit.)- Boiling point 500-600 °C(lit.) / idensity ~1.7 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) / Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) solubility H2O: soluble0.1mg/m Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) color : Clear colorless / Specific Gravity bulk 0.10/g/cm3 / Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) Water Solubility Insoluble / Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) Stability: Stable. Combustible. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) Properties : Chemical formula: C Molar mass: 12.011 g·mol-1 Appearance: Black solid Density: 1.8-2.1 g/cm3 (20 °C)[1] Solubility in water: Practically insoluble Reinforcing Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330): The highest volume use of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is as a reinforcing filler in rubber products,especially tires. While a pure gum vulcanization of styrene-butadiene has a tensile strength of no more than 2 MPa and negligible abrasion resistance, compounding it with 50% Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) by weight improves its tensile strength and wear resistance as shown in the table below.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is used often in the aerospace industry in elastomers for aircraft vibration control components such as engine mounts.Practically all rubber products where tensile and abrasion wear properties are important use Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330), so they are black in color. Where physical properties are important but colors other than black are desired, such as white tennis shoes, precipitated or fumed silica has been substituted for Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330). Silica-based fillers are also gaining market share in automotive tires because they provide better trade-off for fuel efficiency and wet handling due to a lower rolling loss. Traditionally silica fillers had worse abrasion wear properties, but the technology has gradually improved to a point where they can match Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) abrasion performance.Pigment: Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is the name of a common black pigment, traditionally produced from charring organic materials such as wood or bone.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) appears black because it reflects very little light in the visible part of the spectrum, with an albedo near zero. The actual albedo varies depending on the source material and method of production.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is known by a variety of names, each of which reflects a traditional method for producing carbon black:Ivory black was traditionally produced by charring ivory or bones (see bone char).Vine black was traditionally produced by charring desiccated grape vines and stems.Lamp black was traditionally produced by collecting soot from oil lamps.All of these types of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) were used extensively as paint pigments since prehistoric times.Rembrandt, Vermeer, Van Dyck, and more recently, Cézanne, Picasso and Manet employed carbon black pigments in their paintings.A typical example is Manet's "Music in the Tuileries" where the black dresses and the men's hats are painted in ivory black.Newer methods of producing Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) have largely superseded these traditional sources. For artisanal purposes,Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) produced by any means remains common.Surface and surface chemistry: All Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) have chemisorbed oxygen complexes (i.e., carboxylic, quinonic, lactonic, phenolic groups and others) on their surfaces to varying degrees depending on the conditions of manufacture.These surface oxygen groups are collectively referred to as volatile content.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is also known to be a non-conductive material due to its volatile content.The coatings and inks industries prefer grades of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) that are acid-oxidized. Acid is sprayed in high-temperature dryers during the manufacturing process to change the inherent surface chemistry of the black. The amount of chemically-bonded oxygen on the surface area of the black is increased to enhance performance characteristics. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is considered possibly carcinogenic to humans and classified as Group2B carcinogen because there is sufficient evidence in experimental animals with inadequate evidence in human epidemiological studies.The evidence of carcinogenicity in animal studies comes from two chronic inhalation studies and two intratracheal instillation studies in rats, which showed significantly elevated rates of lung cancer in exposed animals.An inhalation study on mice did not show significantly elevated rates of lung cancer in exposed animals.Epidemiologic data comes from three cohort studies of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) production workers.Two studies with over 1,000 workers in each study group showed elevated mortality from lung cancer.A third study of over 5,000 Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) workers did not show elevated mortality.Newer findings of increased lung cancer mortality in an update from study suggest that Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) could be a late-stage carcinogen.However, a more recent and larger study from Germany did not confirm this hypothesis.Occupational safety: There are strict guidelines available and in place to ensure employees who manufacture Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) are not at risk of inhaling unsafe doses of carbon black in its raw form.Respiratory personal protective equipment is recommended to properly protect workers from inhalation of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330). The recommended type of respiratory protection varies depending on the concentration of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) used.People can be exposed to Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) in the workplace by inhalation and contact with the skin or eyes. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) exposure in the workplace at 3.5 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a Recommended exposure limit (REL) of 3.5 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. At levels of 1750 mg/m3, Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is immediately dangerous to life and health. Benefits of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330): -Aqueous pigment dispersion -Suitable for water-based inkjet systems -High optical density -Standard black -Outstanding light fastness -Excellent water fastness -Excellent jettability, sedimentation and viscosity properties -Good compatibility with acrylic resins and a wide range of organic solvents/humectants -Narrow particle size distribution Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is one of the oldest industrial products.In ancient times, china has already applied incomplete combustion of vegetable oil for making pigment Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330).In 1872, the United States first used natural gas as raw material to produce carbon black using tank method and mainly used Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) as a coloring agent.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) was not the reinforcement effect Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) on the rubber before the carbon black industry had gotten rapid development. Then Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) had successively developed of a variety of process methods. At present, oil furnace method is the most efficient and most economical method with the oil furnace black production amount accounting for 70-90% of the total Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) production. There are mainly furnace, slot method, thermal cracking, three methods.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is obtained by the carbonization of the plant material such as peat.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) can also be derived from the carbonization of cocoa shell and beef bone or from the combustion of vegetable oil. Uses Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330): 1. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is edible black pigment.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) can be used for pastry with the usage amount of 0.001% to 0.1%. 2. Carbon Black can be used for food coloring agent. China provides that Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) can be used for rice, flour products, candy, biscuits and pastries with the maximum usage amount of 5.0g/kg. 3. Rubber industry uses Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) as a reinforcing filler. 2.Paint Inks applies Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) as coloring pigments in paint inks. 3. Used for the manufacturing of black paper such as packaging materials for photographic materials and the black paper made of high-conductivity black carbon in the radio equipment. 4. Carbon paper and typewriter; it is used when it is required for darker colors and can remain on the carrier. 5. Plastic coloring, ink, phonograph records, shoe polish, paint cloth, leather coatings, colored cement, electrodes, electronic brushes, batteries and so on. 4. As electric conductive agent of lithium ion battery 5. Mainly used for rubber, paint, ink and other industries 6. Used for the reinforcement of car tread and sidewall, hose, groove, industrial rubber products as well as conveyor belt. 7. Used for tire tread, surface tire repair, automotive rubber parts, conveyor belts, conveyor pads, etc., The vulcanized glue of this Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) shows excellent tensile strength and abrasion resistance 8. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is mainly used for the reinforcement of tire belt, sidewall, solid tires, outer layer of roller, hose surface, industrial rubber products and car tire tread. 9. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is used for the reinforcement of the tire tread of car and truck, surface of conveyor belt and industrial rubber products. 10. For rubber reinforcement, coloring agent, metallurgy, rocket propellant 11. For rubber products to fill and reinforcement. 12. For rubber products, carcass, valves and other filling . 13. For paints and inks, plastics and other industries. 14. Mainly used for raw materials of battery as well as for conductive and anti-static rubber products. 15. In the rubber industry,Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is used as the reinforcing agent and filter for the manufacturing of natural rubber and butyl rubber, being able to endow the vulcanized rubber with excellent tensile strength, elongation and tear resistance and so on. It should be mostly used for natural rubber-based large-scale engineering tires and a variety of off-road tires as well as being used for carcass and sidewall. In addition, it can also be used for high-strength conveyor belt, cold rubber products and drilling device. In light industry, it can be used as the filter of the paint, ink, enamel and plastic products. Toxicity: Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) has not yet been specified.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is listed as substance allowed to be in temporary contact with food.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) can not be digested and absorbed, so oral administration should be non-toxic, but given the incorporation of 3, 4-benzopyrene during the carbonization,Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is basically not used now.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) appears as black powdery particles with a particle size of 0 to 500 μm. The relative density of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is 1.8 to 2.1. It is insoluble in water and organic solvents.Toxicity classification of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is: Low toxicity; Acute Toxicity Oral-Rat LD50:> 15400 mg/kg.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is combustible in case of heat and strong oxidant. Storage and transportation characteristics Treasury: low temperature, ventilated and dry.Chemical Properties of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) are:finely divided black dust or powder, Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is a black or brown liquid or solid (powder). Odorless solid. Carbon black oil is flammable and has a petroleum odor.Physical properties :Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is virtually pure elemental carbon (diamond and graphite are other forms of nearly pure carbon) in the form of near-spherical colloidal particles that are produced by incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons. Its physical appearance is that of a black, finely divided pellet or powder, the latter sometimes small enough to be invisible to the naked eye. Its use in tires, rubber and plastic products, printing inks and coatings is related to the properties of specific surface area, particle size and structure, conductivity and color.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is in the top 50 industrial chemicals manufactured worldwide, based on annual tonnage. Current worldwide production is about 15 billion pounds per year (6.81 million metric tons). Approximately 90% of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is used in rubber applications, 9% as a pigment, and the remaining 1% as an essential ingredient in hundreds of diverse applications. Modern Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) products are direct descendants of early "lampblack", first produced in China over 3500 years ago.These early lampblacks were not very pure and differed greatly in their chemical composition from current Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330).Since the mid-1970s most Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) has been produced by the oil furnace process, which is most often referred to as furnace black.Unlike diamond and graphite, which are crystalline carbons, Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is an amorphous carbon composed of fused particles called aggregates. Properties, such as surface area, structure, aggregate diameter and mass differentiate the various carbon black grades.A finely divided form of carbon, practically all of which is made by burning vaporized heavy-oil frac- tions in a furnace with 50% of the air required for complete combustion (partial oxidation). This type is also called furnace black.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) can also be made from methane or natural gas by crack- ing (thermal black) or direct combustion (channel black), but these methods are virtually obsolete. All types are characterized by extremely fine particle size, which accounts for their reinforcing and pig- menting effectiveness.A finely divided form of carbon producedby the incomplete combustion of such hydrocarbon fuels as natural gas or petroleum oil. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is used as a black pigment in inks and as a filler for rubber in tire manufacture.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is fine carbon powdermade by burning hydrocarbons in insufficientair. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is used as a pigmentand afiller (e.g. for rubber).Safety Profile : Mildly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. Questionable carcinogen.A nuisance dust in high concentrations.Tiny particulates of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) contain some molecules of carcinogenic materials, the carcinogens are apparently held tightly and are not eluted by hot or cold water, gastric juices, or blood plasma.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) used as reinforcing agent and filler for rubber; colorants for ink, paint, and plastics. Workers in carbon black production or in its use in rubber compounding, ink and paint manufacture, plastics compounding, drycell battery manufacture.Shipping Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) oil: UN1993 Flammable liquids, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, Technical Name Required.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) containing over 8% volatiles may pose an explosion hazard. Dust can form an explosive mixture in air. A reducing agent; keep away from strong oxidizers, such as chlorates, bromates, nitrates. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) Preparation Products And Raw materials. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is a black special chemical, which is available as powder or beads.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) gets manufactured in highly controlled processes and contains more than 95% pure carbon. Other components are oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen. The black particles are 10nm to approximately 500nm big and fuse into chain-like aggregates, which define the structure of individual Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) grades. Depending on the production process Carbon Black types differ in size, surface chemistry, porosity and many other characteristics. During the after-treatment process the oxygen percentage within the Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) can be changed according to the required needs. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is used in a multitude of industries. By enhancing the physical, electrical and optical properties of various materials it brings the final product to the top of its performance. It can either get blended with additives, elastomers or binding agents and integrates itself into customers formula or Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) can already be pre-processed in form of a so called "preparation". This product is a mixture of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) and certain additives and saves the customer many production steps.The properties of most Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) grades are determined by industry-wide standards which have been developed by the German Institute for Standardization (DIN), the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), with the latter being the most widely used, especially for Rubber Carbon Black grades. These standards are not only used as a measure by which types of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) are characterized but also as a quality assurance tool for the production process.Several chemical and physical properties serve to determine the differences between the various Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330). Aggregation, or structuring, refers to the way in which the carbon particals are permanently fused together in a random branching structure, or chain, and impacts rheology reinforcement as well as light scattering properties. The particle size is one criterion to distinguish Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) types. Small particles lead to a very high tinting strength, high jetness level, excellent UV-protection and better conductivity. Big particles improve the viscosity and dipersibility properties within the application. Another parameter is the structure of these aggregates. The primary particles can either be bond loosely together or piled up in a very complex construct. A high structure, meaning a complex system, lead to a very strong reinforcement power of Carbon Black, while a low structure achieves very good results in the gloss of coatings and inks. The third main criterion to distinguish Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) types is the chemical characteristics of the particle surface, which can either be acidic or basic depending on the type of volatile components on the surface.Acidic volatile components improve the dispersibility of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330). This is also the reason, why our after-treatment processing has been established to further enhance the performance of our products and adapt it to the customer's needs.Like all other aspects, the purity level on the surface of the Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) and the particle distribution depend on the production process. Purity refers to the quantities of other substances which are incorporated into the Carbon Black next to pure Carbon, like nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is a form of paracrystalline carbon that has a high surface-area-to-volume ratio, albeit lower than that of activated carbon.Carbon black is mainly used as a reinforcing filler in tires and other rubber products. In plastics, paints, and inks, carbon black is used as a color pigment.According to the criteria in OSHA HCS (2012) for classifying hazardous substances, Carbon Black is not classified for any toxicological or eco-toxicological endpoint. As a combustible dust it is designated by OSHA as a hazardous chemical. Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330), any of a group of intensely black, finely divided forms of amorphous carbon, usually obtained as soot from partial combustion of hydrocarbons, used principally as reinforcing agents in automobile tires and other rubber products but also as extremely black pigments of high hiding power in printing ink,...How do you make Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) ? : Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is produced by the reaction of a hydrocarbon fuel such as oil or gas with a limited supply of combustion air at temperatures of 1320 to 1540°C (2400 to 2800°F). The unburned carbon is collected as an extremely fine black fluffy particle, 10 to 500 nanometers (nm) in diameter.What is the difference between "blackest black" and " Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) "? The difference is the type of pigment that is used.Black iron oxides are naturally occurring minerals and vary on the shade their "blackness" where the carbon black is much more consistently deep black.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is produced with the thermal decomposition method or the partial combustion method using hydrocarbons such as oil or natural gas as raw material. The characteristics of carbon black vary depending on manufacturing process, and therefore Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is classified by manufacturing process.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is a rubber-reinforcing additive used in a multitude of rubber products. In particular, in case of vehicles, large amounts of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) are used for tires. In addition,Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is used with rubber to dampen earthquake vibration, in the soles of shoes and in many other products.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) may be washed from the skin using mild soap+water along with gentle scrubbing action. Repeat washing may be necessary to remove Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330). A protective barrier cream on exposed skin surfaces may also be an effective method for minimizing dermal exposure.Graphite is a layered planar structure, typically tens of microns in length, and is conductive primarily along its planes.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) on the other hand is a sub-micron scale high surface area particle with a roughly spherical shape The key difference between Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) and activated carbon is that the surface-area-to-volume ratio of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is lower than that of activated carbon. ... Besides, Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) produced from incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products while activated carbon is produced from charcoal.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) may not be obvious that carbon black is burning unless the material is stirred and sparks are apparent.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) containing more than 8% volatile materials may form an explosive dust-air mixture.Almost all rubber compounds use Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) (CB) as a filler.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) filler functions to strengthen, increase the volume, improve the physical properties of rubber, and strengthen vulcanization. The results of the rubber compound can be useful in making shoe soles, gloves, and motorized vehicle tires.Inhalation of Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) is associated with health problems including respiratory and cardiovascular disease, cancer, and even birth defects.Carbon black N330 (karbon siyahı N330) also contributes to climate change causing changes in patterns of rain and clouds.

Carbon disulfide is a highly volatile, flammable, clear, colorless, dense liquid that has many useful chemical and physical properties.
An industrially important chemical for over one hundred years, most carbon disulfide is now produced by reaction of hydrocarbon gas with sulfur in a process developed in the 1950s, although many small capacity plants still employ a retort or electric furnace route based on wood charcoal and sulfur.
Carbon disulfide is also used in manufacturing numerous organic sulfur compounds for a variety of applications including rubber vulcanization accelerators, flotation chemicals, pharmaceutical intermediates, fungicides, and insecticides.

CAS Number: 75-15-0
EC Number: 200-843-6
Chemical Formula: CS2
Molar Mass: 76.13 g·mol−1

Carbon disulfide in its pure form is a colourless, volatile and in-flammable liquid with a sweet aromatic odour.
Carbon disulfide is a yellowish liquid with a disagreeable odour.

Carbon disulfide is used in large quantities as an industrial chemical for the production of viscose rayon fibres.
In this technological process, for every kilogram of viscose produced, about 20-30 g of carbon disulfide and 4-6 g of hydrogen sulfide are emitted.
Additional release of carbon disulfide, carbonyl sulfide and hydrogen sulfide takes place from coal gasification plants; data on the total emission from these plants are not available.

The ventilation discharge from viscose plants can reach several millions of m3 per hour, with a carbon disulfide content varying from 20 to 240 mg/m3, which represents a total emission of 15-40 tonnes of carbon disulfide daily.
Exposure to carbon disulfide is mostly confined to those engaged in technological processes in the viscose industry.
However, the general population living near viscose plants may also be exposed to carbon disulfide emissions.

For many years, carbon disulfide was manufactured by the reaction of charcoal with sulfur vapor at temperatures of 750– 1000C, but by the mid-twentieth century, especially in the United States, the process was superseded by the reaction of natural gas (principally methane) with sulfur.

Carbon disulfide is a clear colorless to light yellow volatile liquid with a strong disagreeable odor.
Carbon disulfide is flammable over a wide vapor/air concentration range(1%-50%).

Vapors are readily ignited; the heat of a common light bulb may suffice.
Insoluble in water and more dense (10.5 lb / gal) than water.
Carbon disulfide is used in the manufacture of rayon and cellophane, in the manufacture of flotation agents and as a solvent.

Carbon disulfide is a highly toxic and flammable dangerous chemical compound.
Carbon disulfide releases during volcanic eruptions and marshes.
When coke reacts with Sulphur at high temperatures, Carbon disulfide produces carbon disulfide.

Carbon disulfide is linear in the shaping compound and used as an industrial and chemical non-polar solvent.
Carbon disulfide is also useful as a building block in organic chemistry.
Carbon disulfide displays aesthetic properties too.

Carbon disulfide has a strong disagreeable odor.
Carbon disulfide boiling point is 46 degrees C.
Vapours are readily ignited and the heat of a common light bulb may be sufficient.

Carbon disulfide is insoluble in water and denser than water.
Carbon disulfide is also useful for the manufacturing of rayon and cellophane.

Carbon disulfide is a highly volatile, flammable, clear, colorless, dense liquid that has many useful chemical and physical properties.
An industrially important chemical for over one hundred years, most carbon disulfide is now produced by reaction of hydrocarbon gas with sulfur in a process developed in the 1950s, although many small capacity plants still employ a retort or electric furnace route based on wood charcoal and sulfur.

Modern plants achieve a 99.99% pure carbon disulfide product by means of fractional distillation.
Most of carbon disulfide produced worldwide goes into manufacturing viscose rayon and cellophane film.
Carbon disulfide is also used in manufacturing numerous organic sulfur compounds for a variety of applications including rubber vulcanization accelerators, flotation chemicals, pharmaceutical intermediates, fungicides, and insecticides.

The carbon disulfide process route to carbon tetrachloride was discontinued in the United States during 1991 because of environment pressures on the end product.
Carbon disulfide is very toxic, and the U.S. Government limits the 8-h time-weighted average exposure to 4 ppm maximum (12 mg/m3) in air.

Health and environmental concerns related to carbon disulfide have curtailed some uses, such as in grain fumigants and solvents.
Special precautions must be exercised in handling carbon disulfide because of Carbon disulfide toxicity, high volatility, wide flammability range, and low ignition temperature.

Carbon disulfide, also called carbon bisulfide, is a colorless, toxic, highly volatile, and flammable liquid chemical compound that is used not only in manufacturing and fumigation but also as an insecticide and solvent.
Carbon disulfide is extensively and rapidly absorbed via inhalation, oral, and dermal routes and is then distributed throughout the body.
Carbon disulfide has a lipophilic nature and reacts with a variety of nucleophilic important compounds in the body.

Central nervous system toxicity and peripheral neurotoxicity are considered as the most serious and common adverse effects of carbon disulfide in humans.
Carbon disulfide is classified as FDA pregnancy risk group B.
No clear evidence of carcinogenicity and genotoxicity has been reported in long-term studies with animals.

Carbon Disulfide is a versatile chemical intermediate that satisfies an array of needs in markets, ranging from agrochemicals to mining.
Carbon disulfide is derived from Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) and provides optimal sulfur functionality within your formulation.

Carbon disulfide is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.
Carbon disulfide is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Carbon disulfide, also known as CS2, belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as other non-metal sulfides.
These are inorganic compounds containing a sulfur atom of an oxidation state of -2, in which the heaviest atom bonded to the oxygen belongs to the class of other non-metals.
Carbon disulfide is found, on average, in the highest concentration within kohlrabis and milk (cow).

Carbon disulfide has also been detected, but not quantified in, a few different foods, such as cabbages, garden onions (Allium cepa), and shiitakes (Lentinus edodes).
This could make carbon disulfide a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.

Carbon disulfide, with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as crohn's disease, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, autism, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; carbon disulfide has also been linked to the inborn metabolic disorder celiac disease.
Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on Carbon disulfide.

Carbon disulfide, also spelled as carbon disulphide, is a neurotoxic colorless volatile liquid with the formula CS2.
Carbon disulfide is used frequently as a building block in organic chemistry as well as an industrial and chemical non-polar solvent.

Carbon disulfide has an "ether-like" odor, but commercial samples are typically contaminated with foul-smelling impurities.
Carbon disulfide is of comparable toxicity to carbon monoxide.

Carbon disulfide is a colorless liquid with an ether-like odor.
Exposure can cause dizziness, poor sleep, headache, anxiety, anorexia, weight loss, and vision changes.
Carbon disulfide can harm the eyes, kidneys, blood, heart, liver, nerves, and skin.

Workers may be harmed by carbon disulfide.
The level of exposure depends upon the dose, duration, and work being done.

Carbon disulfide is an organosulfur compound and a volatile liquid with chemical name Carbon Disulfide.
Carbon disulfide is also called Carbon bisulfide or disulfidocarbon or methanedithione.

Carbon Disulfide is a solvent for sulfur, bromine, fats, rubber, phosphorus, asphalt, selenium, iodine, and resins.
Carbon disulfide has been widely used to purify single-walled carbon nanotubes and in the manufacturing of flotation agents.

Carbon disulfide is flammable, colorless to light yellow, poisonous, volatile liquid which has a strong disagreeable smell.
Carbon disulfide has a flash point value of -22°F and is Insoluble in water.
Carbon disulfide is denser than water, therefore, sinks in Carbon disulfide.

Carbon disulfide is used in many industries.
Carbon disulfide used to make rubber, viscose rayon, cellophane, and carbon tetrachloride.

Carbon disulfide, also called Carbon Bisulfide, a colourless, toxic, highly volatile and flammable liquid chemical compound, large amounts of which are used in the manufacture of viscose rayon, cellophane, and carbon tetrachloride; smaller quantities are employed in solvent extraction processes or converted into other chemical products, particularly accelerators of the vulcanization of rubber or agents used in flotation processes for concentrating ores.
For many years carbon disulfide was manufactured by the reaction of charcoal with sulfur vapour at temperatures of 750°–1,000° C (1,400°–1,800° F), but, by the mid-20th century, that process had been superseded, especially in the United States, by one based on the reaction of natural gas (principally methane) with sulfur.

The use of carbon disulfide for extraction of fats, oils, and waxes has been largely discontinued in favour of other solvents that are less toxic and flammable.
The use of carbon disulfide in making rayon and cellophane depends upon Carbon disulfide reaction with cellulose and caustic soda to form colloidal solutions of cellulose xanthate, which can be extruded into a dilute solution of sulfuric acid, which coagulates the cellulose films or fibres and sets free the carbon disulfide.

Carbon disulfide is denser than water and only slightly soluble in Carbon disulfide.
Carbon disulfide boiling point is 46.3° C (115.3° F) and freezing point -110.8° C (-169.2° F).
Carbon disulfide vapour, which is heavier than air, is ignited with extraordinary ease.

Carbon disulfide is made for commercial use by combining carbon and sulfur at very high temperatures.
Carbon disulfide has been an important industrial chemical since the 1800s because of Carbon disulfide many useful properties, including Carbon disulfide ability to solubilise fats, rubbers, phosphorus, sulfur, and other elements.

Carbon disulfide fat-solvent properties also make Carbon disulfide indispensable in preparing fats, lacquers, and camphor; in refining petroleum jelly and paraffin; and in extracting oil from bones, palmstones, olives, and rags.
Carbon disulfide was also used in processing India rubber sap from tropical trees.
In all these extraction processes, Carbon disulfide has now been replaced by other solvents.

Carbon disulfide's most important industrial use has been in the manufacture of regenerated cellulose rayon (by the viscose process) and cellophane.
Another principal industrial use for carbon disulfide has been as a feedstock for carbon tetrachloride production.
Carbon disulfide has also been used to protect fresh fruit from insects and fungus during shipping, in adhesives for food packaging, and in the solvent extraction of growth inhibitors.

Carbon disulfide has been highly suitable for other industrial applications including the vulcanisation and manufacture of rubber and rubber accessories; the production of resins, xanthates, thiocyanates, plywood adhesives, and flotation agents; solvent and spinning-solution applications, primarily in the manufacture of rayon and polymerisation inhibition of vinyl chloride; conversion and processing of hydrocarbons; petroleum-well cleaning; brightening of precious metals in electroplating; rust removal from metals; and removal and recovery of metals and other elements from waste water and other media.
In agriculture, carbon disulfide has been widely used as a fumigant to control insects in stored grain, and to remove botfly larva infestations from the stomachs of horses and ectoparasites from swine.
Use of carbon disulfide as a grain fumigant in the USA was voluntarily cancelled after 1985.

Some examples of workers at risk of being exposed to carbon disulfide include the following:
Factory workers who work where rubber is made or processed
Workers involved in cellophane production

Employees who work in factories where rayon fabric is made
Employees involved in the production of carbon tetrachloride

Significance:
The intrinsic sluggish kinetics of organodisulfides has hindered Carbon disulfide further application in large-scale energy storage.
In this work, we propose a unique redox mediator (carbon disulfide [CS2]) involving reversible C-S bond formation/breakage, which accelerates the reaction kinetics of organodisulfides by reducing about one-third of the energy barrier of sulfur–sulfur bond breakage.
The strategy described here supplies a perspective for enhancing the electrochemical behavior of organodisulfides and greatly facilitates the development of organodisulfides in large-scale energy storage applications.

Abstract:
Organodisulfides (RSSR) are a class of promising active materials for redox flow batteries (RFBs).
However, their sluggish kinetics and poor cyclic stability remain a formidable challenge.
Here, we propose Carbon disulfide as a unique redox mediator involving reversible C-S bond formation/breakage to facilitate the reduction reaction of organodisulfides in RFBs.

In the discharge of RSSR, Carbon disulfide interacts with the negatively charged RSSR-• to promote cleavage of the S-S bond by reducing about one-third of the energy barrier, forming RSCS2Li.
In the recharge, Carbon disulfide is unbonded from RSCS2Li while RSSR is regenerated.
Meanwhile, the redox mediator can also be inserted into the molecular structure of RSSR to form RSCS2SR/RSCS2CS2SR, and these new active materials with lower energy barriers can further accelerate the reaction kinetics of RSSR.

With Carbon disulfide, phenyl disulfide exhibits an exceptional rate capability and cyclability of 500 cycles.
An average energy efficiency of >90% is achieved.
This strategy provides a unique redox-mediating pathway involving C-S bond formation/breakage with the active species, which is different from those used in lithium-oxygen or other batteries.

Physical Description of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide appears as a clear colorless to light yellow volatile liquid with a strong disagreeable odor.
Boiling point 46° C.
Flash point -22°F.

Carbon disulfide is flammable over a wide vapor/air concentration range(1%-50%).
Vapors are readily ignited; the heat of a common light bulb may suffice.
Insoluble in water and more dense (10.5 lb / gal) than water.

Hence sinks in water.
Vapors are heavier than air.
Carbon disulfide used in the manufacture of rayon and cellophane, in the manufacture of flotation agents and as a solvent.

Occurrence, manufacture, properties of Carbon disulfide:
Small amounts of carbon disulfide are released by volcanic eruptions and marshes.
Carbon disulfide once was manufactured by combining carbon (or coke) and sulfur at 800–1000 °C.
C + 2S → CS2

A lower-temperature reaction, requiring only 600 °C, utilizes natural gas as the carbon source in the presence of silica gel or alumina catalysts:
2 CH4 + S8 → 2 CS2 + 4 H2S

The reaction is analogous to the combustion of methane.

Global production/consumption of carbon disulfide is approximately one million tonnes, with China consuming 49%, followed by India at 13%, mostly for the production of rayon fiber.
United States production in 2007 was 56,000 tonnes.

Occurrence in air of Carbon disulfide:
The primary source of carbon disulfide in the environment is emission from viscose plants, around which environmental pollution is especially great.
A scientific review of Soviet literature indicates values ranging from 0.01 to 0.21 mg/m3 around viscose plants.
A recent Austrian study reports that concentrations of 0.05 ppm (157 μg/m3) were often exceeded in the vicinity of viscose plants, even at a distance of several kilometres, and concentrations close to the plants could be 5-10 times higher.

The highest peak concentrations were between 3 and 6 mg/m3.
During soil treatment with a 50% carbon disulfide emulsion for fumigation, carbon disulfide concentration in the respiration zone was found to be as high as 0.03 mg/m3 on the first day.

This concentration decreases quickly, so that carbon disulfide is not detectable the next day.
Carbon disulfide present in air could be partially decomposed by light.

Oxidation leads tothe formation of carbonyl sulfide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide.
Carbonyl sulfide in particular causes an unpleasant odour.

Workplace concentrations of carbon disulfide have been found to range from less than 9 mg/m3 to peaks exceeding 6200 mg/m3.
As a result of various precautions taken over a period of time, average carbon disulfide concentrations have been reduced from about 250 mg/m3 in 1955-1965 to about 20-30 mg/m3.

Solvent of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is a solvent for phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, bromine, iodine, fats, resins, rubber, and asphalt.
Carbon disulfide has been used in the purification of single-walled carbon nanotubes.

Reactions of Carbon disulfide:
Reacts with oxygen produces carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide.
CS2 + 3 O2 → CO2 + 2 SO2

Sodium sulfide undergoes a reaction to produce trithiocarbonate:
Na2S + CS2 → [Na+]2[CS32−]

Carbon tetrachloride is produced by chlorination of Carbon disulfide.
CS2 + 3 Cl2 → CCl4 + S2Cl2

Carbon disulfide is highly flammable.

Carbon disulfide combustion affords sulfur dioxide according to this ideal stoichiometry:
CS2 + 3 O2 → CO2 + 2 SO2

With nucleophiles of Carbon disulfide:
Compared to the isoelectronic carbon dioxide, Carbon disulfide is a weaker electrophile.
While, however, reactions of nucleophiles with CO2 are highly reversible and products are only isolated with very strong nucleophiles, the reactions with Carbon disulfide are thermodynamically more favored allowing the formation of products with less reactive nucleophiles.

For example, amines afford dithiocarbamates:
2 R2NH + CS2 → [R2NH2+][R2NCS2−]

Xanthates form similarly from alkoxides:
RONa + CS2 → [Na+][ROCS2−]

This reaction is the basis of the manufacture of regenerated cellulose, the main ingredient of viscose, rayon and cellophane.
Both xanthates and the related thioxanthates (derived from treatment of Carbon disulfide with sodium thiolates) are used as flotation agents in mineral processing.

Carbon disulfide does not hydrolyze readily, although the process is catalyzed by an enzyme carbon disulfide hydrolase.

Reduction of Carbon disulfide:

Reduction of carbon disulfide with sodium affords sodium 1,3-dithiole-2-thione-4,5-dithiolate together with sodium trithiocarbonate:
4 Na + 4 CS2 → Na2C3S5 + Na2CS3

Chlorination of Carbon disulfide:

Chlorination of CS2 provides a route to carbon tetrachloride:
CS2 + 3 Cl2 → CCl4 + S2Cl2

This conversion proceeds via the intermediacy of thiophosgene, CSCl2.

Coordination chemistry of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is a ligand for many metal complexes, forming pi complexes.
One example is CpCo(η2-CS2)(PMe3).

Polymerization of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide polymerizes upon photolysis or under high pressure to give an insoluble material called car-sul or "Bridgman's black", named after the discoverer of the polymer, Percy Williams Bridgman.
Trithiocarbonate (-S-C(S)-S-) linkages comprise, in part, the backbone of the polymer, which is a semiconductor.

Clinical Laboratory Methods of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide in urine (treated with a solution of sodium azide, iodine and potassium iodide) using Iodine-Azide Test; concentrations of less than 20 ppm carbon disulfide in air were not detectable.

The use of blood, exhaled air and urine as biological monitors of exposure to carbon disulfide was studied in England.
A metabolite of carbon disulfide, 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid was identified in urine through high performance liquid chromatography.

The head space analysis used was a sulfur specific detector to determine acid labile carbon-disulfide in blood.
End expired breath samples were obtained through forced exhalation and carbon disulfide was determined by a quadrupole mass spectrometer.

A general trend suggested increased uptake with increasing exposure.
Reproducibility was difficult to achieve.

Stability of Carbon disulfide:
Stable.
Extremely flammable.
Highly volatile.

Note low flash pointand very wide explosion limits.
Protect from heat, friction, shock, sunlight.

Reacts violently with fluorine, azide solutions, zinc d ust, liquid chlorine in the presence of iron.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, azides, aluminium, zinc,most common metals, nitrogen oxides, chlorine, fluorine, hypochlorites.

Reactivity Profile of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide has an extremely low autoignition temperature (125°C).
May ignite or even explode when heated.
The vapor or liquid has been known to ignite on contact with steam pipes, particularly if rusted.

Explosion hazard when exposed to flame, heat, sparks or friction.
Mixtures with lithium, sodium, potassium or dinitrogen tetraoxide may detonate when shocked.

Potentially explosive reaction with nitrogen oxide, chlorine, permanganic acid(strong oxidizing agents).
Vapor ignites in contact with aluminum powder or fluorine.

Reacts violently with azides, ethylamine ethylenediamine, ethylene imine.
Emits highly toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur when heated to decomposition.
Sodium amide forms toxic and flammable H2S gas with Carbon disulfide.

Properties of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide boiling point is 46.24 degrees C and the melting point is −111.61 °C.
The impure carbon disulfide is usually useful for most industrial processes is a yellowish liquid with an unpleasant odor.

Carbon disulfide evaporates at room temperature, and the vapor is more than twice as heavy as air.
Carbon disulfide easily explodes in the air and also catches fire very easily.

Commercial carbon disulfide is made by combining carbon and sulphur at very high temperatures Carbon Disulphide is a solvent for sulfur, bromine, fats, rubber, phosphorus, asphalt, selenium, iodine, and resins.
Carbon disulfide has been widely in use to purify single-walled carbon nanotubes and in the manufacturing of flotation agents.

Carbon disulfide is flammable, colorless to light yellow, poisonous, volatile liquid which has a strong disagreeable smell.
Carbon disulfide has a flash point value of -22°F and is insoluble in water.
Carbon disulfide is denser than water, therefore, sinks in Carbon disulfide.

Physical Properties of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide molecular weight is 76.14 g/mol.
Pure carbon disulfide occurs as a colorless liquid that is not very soluble in water; impure carbon disulfide is yellowish.

Carbon disulfide evaporates rapidly at room temperature and is flammable.
Pure carbon disulfide has a sweet, pleasant, chloroform-like odor, with an odor threshold of 0.05 mg/m3.

Commercial grades of carbon disulfide have a foul odor, smelling like rotten eggs
The vapor pressure for carbon disulfide is 352.6 mm Hg at 25 °C, and Carbon disulfide log octanol/water partitioncoefficient (log Kow) is 1.84 to 2.16.

Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid; ethereal odor when pure.
Technical grades have strong, foul, rotten, radish-like odor.
Leonardos et al. (1969) reported an odor threshold in air of 210 ppbv.

Pure carbon disulfide is a colourless liquid with a pleasant odour that is like the smell of chloroform.
The impure carbon disulfide that is usually used in most laboratory and industry processes is a colourless to faintly yellow liquid with a strong, disagreeable cabbage-like odour detectable at 0.016 to 0.42 ppm.
Carbon disulfide is highly refractive.

Slightly soluble in water.
Carbon disulfide is miscible with anhydrous methanol, ethanol, ether, benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and oils.

Chemical properties of Carbon disulfide:
Very highly flammable, very low flash point.
Carbon disulfide easily forms explosive mixtures with air and catches fire very easily; Carbon disulfide is dangerous when exposed to heat, flame, sparks, or friction.
Vapours can be ignited by contact with an ordinary light bulb.

Carbon disulfide is incompatible or reactive with strong oxidisers; chemically active metals such as sodium, potassium and zinc; azides; rust; halogens; and amines.
When exposed to heat or flame, carbon disulfide reacts violently with chlorine, azides, ethylamine diamine, ethylene imine, fluorine, nitric oxide, and zinc.
When heated to decomposition, Carbon disulfide emits highly toxic fumes of sulfur oxide; Carbon disulfide can react vigorously with oxidising materials.

Carbon disulfide pure form is a colorless liquid that evaporates readily at room temperature, with a sweet aromatic odor similar to that of chloroform.
In Carbon disulfide impure commercial and reagent form, however, carbon disulfide is a yellowish liquid with a foulsmelling odor.
Carbon disulfide can be detected by odor at about 1 ppm but the sense of smell fatigues rapidly and, therefore, odor does not serve as a good warning property.

Carbon disulfide has a vapor pressure of 297mmHg and solubility in water by weight of 0.3% at 20 °C (68 °F).
Once carbon disulfide is in the air Carbon disulfide will break down into simpler substances within a few days after release

Purification Methods of Carbon disulfide:
Shake Carbon disulfide for 3hours with three portions of KMnO4 solution (5g/L), twice for 6hours with mercury (to remove sulfide impurities) until no further darkening of the interface occurs, and finally with a solution of HgSO4 (2.5g/L) or cold, saturated HgCl2.
Dry Carbon disulfide with CaCl2, MgSO4, or CaH2 (with further drying by refluxing over P2O5), followed by fractional distillation in diffuse light.

Alkali metals cannot be used as drying agents.
Carbon disulfide has also been purified by standing with bromine (0.5mL/L) for 3-4hours, shaking rapidly with KOH solution, then copper turnings (to remove unreacted bromine), and drying with CaCl2.

Carbon disulfide is highly TOXIC and highly FLAMMABLE.
Work in a good fumehood.

Small quantities of Carbon disulfide have been purified (including removal of hydrocarbons) by mechanical agitation of a 45-50g sample with a solution of 130g of sodium sulfide in 150mL of H2O for 24hours at 35-40o.
The aqueous sodium thiocarbonate solution is separated from unreacted Carbon disulfide, then precipitated with 140g of copper sulfate in 350g of water, with cooling.

After filtering off the copper thiocarbonate, Carbon disulfide is decomposed by passing steam into Carbon disulfide.
The distillate is separated from H2O and distilled from P2O5.

Manufacture of Carbon disulfide:
Release to the environment of Carbon disulfide can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of Carbon disulfide.

Applications of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon Disulfide is an effective solvent for oils, waxes, sulfur and many organic compounds.
Carbon disulfide is a main building block in the production of agricultural chemicals including some of the fungicides and soil fumigants that allow farmers to increase yields.

Carbon disulfide is also used to produce industrial chemicals like xanthates used in mining and rayon used in clothing.
Carbon disulfide is also consumed in the production of a variety of pharmaceuticals.

Uses of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used in the manufacture of regenerated cellulose rayon, cellophane, soil disinfectants, and electronicvacuum tubes.
Other major uses are in theproduction of carbon tetrachloride, xanthates,thiocyanates, plywood adhesives, and rubberaccessories.

Carbon disulfide is also used as a solvent and asan eluant for organics adsorbed on charcoalin air analysis.
Carbon disulfide is used as a raw material in the production of such things as rayon, cellophane, semiconductors, and carbon tetrachloride, and to make some pesticides.

Carbon disulfide is used as an industrial solvent and chemical intermediate to dissolve rubber to produce tires, as well as in grain fumigation, analytical chemistry research, degreasing, dry cleaning, and oil extraction.
Natural sources of carbon disulfide include the open ocean, coastal areas of high biological activity, microbial reduction of sulfates in soil, marshlands, and some higher plants where the source of carbon disulfide is the tree roots.

Previously, carbon disulfide was used as a pesticide, where Carbon disulfide was typically mixed with carbon tetrachloride in a 20/80 mixture, respectively.
This mixture was used to exterminate insects and rodents from entire boxcars of wheat, corn, rye, and other grains.

Grain fumigators can be acutely intoxicated and may be chronically exposed to carbon disulfide.
Therefore, in the late 1980s, all pesticides containing carbon disulfide as an active ingredient were cancelled by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

In the manufacture of rayon, carbon tetrachloride, xanthogenates, soil disinfectants, electronic vacuum tubes.
Solvent for phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, bromine, iodine, fats, resins, rubbers.

Carbon disulfide is used predominantly in the manufacture of rayon, cellophane, and carbon tetrachloride.
Carbon disulfide is also used to produce rubber chemicals and pesticides.

Carbon disulfide is used to manufacture rayon.
Carbon disulfide was used as a grain fumigant.

In the production of viscous rayon, heavy occupational exposures may occur during the opening of spinning machines and while cutting and drying.
Also used to produce other chemicals, to manufacture electronic vacuum tubes, and as a solvent for resins, fats, oils, waxes, and other chemicals; Also used in metal cleaning and plating, in instant color photography, in corrosion inhibitors, in veterinary anthelmintic drugs, and to fumigate spaces and materials.

The principal industrial uses of carbon disulfide, consuming 75% of the annual production, are the manufacture of viscose rayon and cellophane film.

Carbon disulfide is also a valued intermediate in chemical synthesis of carbon tetrachloride.
Carbon disulfide is widely used in the synthesis of organosulfur compounds such as metam sodium, xanthates and dithiocarbamates, which are used in extractive metallurgy and rubber chemistry.
Carbon Disulfide is used in the production of carbon tetrachloride.

Uses of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used as preparing soil disinfectants.
Carbon disulfide is used in the manufacturing of rayon.

Carbon disulfide is used as a solvent for iodine, phosphorous, etc.
Carbon disulfide is used to manufacture electronic vacuum tubes.

Carbon disulfide is used as a solvent in rubber making industries.
Carbon disulfide is used in camphor.

Carbon disulfide is used in generating petroleum catalysts.
Carbon disulfide is used as pesticide intermediate.

Widespread uses by professional workers of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and pH regulators and water treatment products.
Carbon disulfide is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.

Release to the environment of Carbon disulfide can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).
Other release to the environment of Carbon disulfide is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).

Uses at industrial sites of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used in the following products: polymers, pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals and plant protection products.
Carbon disulfide has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

Carbon disulfide is used in the following areas: scientific research and development.
Carbon disulfide is used for the manufacture of: chemicals and textile, leather or fur.

Release to the environment of Carbon disulfide can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, in processing aids at industrial sites and as processing aid.
Other release to the environment of Carbon disulfide is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).

Industry Uses of Carbon disulfide:
Fuels and fuel additives
Functional fluids (closed systems)
Intermediates
Laboratory chemicals
Processing aids, not otherwise listed
Processing aids, specific to petroleum production

Consumer Uses of Carbon disulfide:
Fuels and related products.

Niche uses of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide can be used in fumigation of airtight storage warehouses, airtight flat storages, bins, grain elevators, railroad box cars, shipholds, barges and cereal mills.
Carbon disulfide is also used as an insecticide for the fumigation of grains, nursery stock, in fresh fruit conservation and as a soil disinfectant against insects and nematodes.

Methods of Manufacturing of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is commercially manufactured by the reaction of sulfur with charcoal or methane.
Ethane, propane, and propene have been used to a limited extent.

Since the methane process was first introduced in the early 1950s, Carbon disulfide has steadily supplanted the older charcoal process, which is no longer a factor in carbon disulfide manufacture in the United States, Europe, and Japan.
In areas where natural gas or methane is not readily available or when plant size is relatively small, the charcoal process still supplies local viscose rayon requirements.

Charcoal-Sulfur Process:
Sulfur vapor reacts with charcoal at temperatures of 750-900 °C to form carbon disulfide.
Sulfur vapor is an equilibrium mixture of several molecular species, including S8, S6, and S2.

The equilibrium shifts toward S2 at higher temperatures and lower pressures.
The overall reaction is endothermic and theoretically consumes 1950 kJ/kg (466 kcal/kg) of carbon disulfide when the reactants are at 25 °C and the products are at 750 °C.
Most of the heat input goes into dissociation of sulfur vapor to the reactive species, S2.

Hydrocarbon-Sulfur Process:
The principal commercial hydrocarbon is methane from natural gas, although ethane, and olefins such as propylene have also been used.

Methane reacts with sulfur essentially without side reactions.
At 400-700 °C, equilibrium exceeds 99.9%.
About 5-10% excess sulfur is usually maintained in the reaction mixture to promote high methane conversion and to minimize by-product yield.

General Manufacturing Information of Carbon disulfide:

Industry Processing Sectors:
All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing
All other basic organic chemical manufacturing
All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing
Food, beverage, and tobacco product manufacturing
Mining (except oil and gas) and support activities
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Oil and gas drilling, extraction, and support activities
Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical manufacturing
Petroleum lubricating oil and grease manufacturing
Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing
Services
Wholesale and retail trade

Handling and Storage of Carbon disulfide:

Nonfire Spill Response of Carbon disulfide:
Fully encapsulating, vapor-protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire.
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
All equipment used when handling Carbon disulfide must be grounded.

Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
Stop leak if you can do Carbon disulfide without risk.

Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

SMALL SPILL:
Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal.
Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL:
Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Formulation or re-packing of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals.
Release to the environment of Carbon disulfide can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.

Safe Storage of Carbon disulfide:
Separated from oxidants and food and feedstuffs.
Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Storage Conditions of Carbon disulfide:
Must be stored in airtight drums, handled with precautions, & in summer kept in shade and sprayed with water to prevent pressure developing.
Large quantitie must be stored under water.

Should be kept away from heat, sparks, and flames, and adequate ventilation should be provided.
Storage and handling equipment are generally of conventional carbon steel construction.
All parts of a system, incl piping, valves, and movable containers, must be earth-ground and firmly bonded by good electrical conductors to eliminate the possibility of static charge build-up and spark discharge.

Health effects of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide has been linked to both acute and chronic forms of poisoning, with a diverse range of symptoms.
Concentrations of 500–3000 mg/m3 cause acute and subacute poisoning.

These include a set of mostly neurological and psychiatric symptoms, called encephalopathia sulfocarbonica.
Symptoms include acute psychosis (manic delirium, hallucinations), paranoic ideas, loss of appetite, gastrointestinal and sexual disorders, polyneuritis, myopathy, and mood changes (including irritability and anger).

Effects observed at lower concentrations include neurological problems (encephalopathy, psychomotor and psychological disturbances, polyneuritis, abnormalities in nerve conduction), vision problems (burning eyes, abnormal light reactions, increased ophthalmic pressure), heart problems (increased deaths for heart disease, angina pectoris, high blood pressure), and reproductive problems (increased miscarriages, immobile or deformed sperm), and decreased immune response.
Occupational exposure to carbon disulfide is also associated with cardiovascular disease, particularly stroke.

In 2000, the WHO believed that health harms were unlikely at levels below 100 μg/m3, and set this as a guideline level.
Carbon sulfide can be smelled at levels above 200 μg/m3, and the WHO recommended a sensory guideline of below 20 μg/m3.

Exposure to carbon disulfide is well-established to be harmful to health in concentrations at or above 30 mg/m3 Changes in the function of the central nervous system have been observed at concentrations of 20–25 mg/m3.
There are also reports of harms to health at 10 mg/m3, for exposures of 10–15 years, but the lack of good data on past exposure levels make the association of these harms with concentrations of 10 mg/m3 findings uncertain.
The measured concentration of 10 mg/m3 may be equivalent to a concentration in the general environment of 1 mg/m3.

Environmental sources of Carbon disulfide:
The primary source of carbon disulfide in the environment is rayon factories.
Most global carbon disulfide emissions come from rayon production, as of 2008.

Other sources include the production of cellophane, carbon tetrachloride, carbon black, and sulfur recovery.
Carbon disulfide production also emits carbon disulfide.

As of 2004, about 250 g of carbon disufide is emitted per kilogram of rayon produced.
About 30 g of carbon disufide is emitted per kilogram of carbon black produced.
About 0.341 g of carbon disufide is emitted per kilogram of sulfur recovered.

Japan has reduced carbon disulfide emissions per kilogram of rayon produced, but in other rayon-producing countries, including China, emissions are assumed to be uncontrolled (based on global modelling and large-scale free-air concentration measurements).
Rayon production is steady or decreasing except in China, where Carbon disulfide is increasing, as of 2004.

Carbon black production in Japan and Korea uses incinerators to destroy about 99% of the carbon disulfide that would otherwise be emitted.
When used as a solvent, Japanese emissions are about 40% of the carbon disulfide used; elsewhere, the average is about 80%.

Most rayon production uses carbon sulfide.
One exception is rayon made using the lyocell process, which uses a different solvent; as of 2018 the lyocell process is not widely used, because Carbon disulfide is more expensive than the viscose process.
Cuprammonium rayon also does not use carbon disulfide.

Historic and current exposure of Carbon disulfide:
Industrial workers working with carbon disulfide are at high risk.
Emissions may also harm the health of people living near rayon plants.

Concerns about carbon disulfide exposure have a long history.
Around 1900, carbon disulfide came to be widely used in the production of vulcanized rubber.
The psychosis produced by high exposures was immediately apparent (Carbon disulfide has been reported with 6 months of exposure).

Sir Thomas Oliver told a story about a rubber factory that put bars on Carbon disulfide windows so that the workers would not jump out to their deaths.
Carbon disulfide's use in the US as a heavier-than-air burrow poison for Richardson's ground squirrel also lead to reports of psychosis.
No systematic medical study of the issue was published, and knowledge was not transferred to the rayon industry.

The first large epidemiological study of rayon workers was done in the US in the late 1930s, and found fairly severe effects in 30% of the workers.
Data on increased risks of heart attacks and strokes came out in the 1960s.

Courtaulds, a major rayon manufacturer, worked hard to prevent publication of this data in the UK.
Average concentrations in sampled rayon plants were reduced from about 250 mg/m3 in 1955-1965 to about 20–30 mg/m3 in the 1980s.
Rayon production has since largely moved to the developing world, especially China, Indonesia and India.

Rates of disability in modern factories are unknown, as of 2016.
Current manufacturers using the viscose process do not provide any information on harm to their workers.

History of Carbon disulfide:
In 1796, the German chemist Wilhelm August Lampadius (1772–1842) first prepared carbon disulfide by heating pyrite with moist charcoal.
He called Carbon disulfide "liquid sulfur" (flüssig Schwefel).

The composition of carbon disulfide was finally determined in 1813 by the team of the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1779–1848) and the Swiss-British chemist Alexander Marcet (1770–1822).
Their analysis was consistent with an empirical formula of CS

First Aid of Carbon disulfide:

Warning:
Effects may be delayed.
Caution is advised.

Signs and Symptoms of Acute Carbon Disulfide Exposure:
Acute exposure to carbon disulfide primarily affects the central nervous system producing signs and symptoms that may include headache, dizziness, difficulty swallowing, nervousness, tremors, mental depression, delirium, psychosis, convulsions, paralysis, and coma.
Nausea, vomiting, cyanosis (blue tint to skin and mucous membranes), hypothermia (low body temperature), and peripheral vascular collapse may also occur.

Respiratory effects include coughing, dyspnea (shortness of breath), and respiratory failure.
Carbon disulfide is a strong skin irritant; dermal exposure may result in severe burns.

Eye exposure may cause degeneration of the retina and optic nerve.
Pupils may be dilated.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures:
Acute exposure to carbon disulfide may require decontamination and life support for the victims.
Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.

Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.
Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:

1. Move victims to fresh air.
Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to carbon disulfide.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.

If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

4. Transport to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:

1. Remove victims from exposure.
Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to carbon disulfide.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.

If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

5. Wash exposed skin areas three times.
Wash initially with soap and water follow with an alcohol wash, then wash again with soap and water.

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

7. Transport to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:

1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.

If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

3. Give the victims water or milk: Children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).
Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert.

4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.
Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.

5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.
Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.

6. Transport to a health care facility.

Fire Fighting of Carbon disulfide:
If the vapor concentration exceeds 2 percent by volume or is unknown, self-contained breathing mask with full face should be used by all persons entering contaminated area.
Wear special protective clothing.
Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire.

Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide or other inert gas.
Cooling and blanketing with water spray is effective in case of fires in metal containers or tanks to help prevent reignition by hot surfaces.
Foam is ineffective.

Isolation and Evacuation of Carbon disulfide:
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

SPILL:
Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above.

FIRE:
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Spillage Disposal of Carbon disulfide:

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection:
Complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.
Remove all ignition sources.

Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent.
Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Do NOT wash away into sewer.

Cleanup Methods of Carbon disulfide:

1. Remove all ignition sources.

2. Ventilate area of spill or leak.

3. For small quantities, absorb on paper towels.
Evaporate in a safe place (such as a fume hood).

Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear the hood ductwork.
Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials.

Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected and atomized in a suitable combustion chamber equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.
Carbon disulfide should not be allowed to enter a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion.

Environmental considerations:

Land spill:
Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.
If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner.

Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.
Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.
Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard.

Environmental considerations:

Water spill:
Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).
If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.
Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Disposal Methods of Carbon disulfide:
Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P022, D003, and F005, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations.
Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria.

Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur.
Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal.

Identifiers of Carbon disulfide:
CAS Number: 75-15-0
ChEBI: CHEBI:23012
ChemSpider: 6108
ECHA InfoCard: 100.000.767
EC Number: 200-843-6
KEGG: C19033
PubChem CID: 6348
RTECS number: FF6650000
UNII: S54S8B99E8
UN number: 1131
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID6023947
InChI:
InChI=1S/CS2/c2-1-3
Key: QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/CS2/c2-1-3
Key: QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYAS
SMILES: S=C=S

Properties of Carbon disulfide:
Chemical formula: CS2
Molar mass: 76.13 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Impure: light-yellow
Odor:
Chloroform (pure)
Foul (commercial)
Density:
1.539 g/cm3 (−186°C)
1.2927 g/cm3 (0 °C)
1.266 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point: −111.61 °C (−168.90 °F; 161.54 K)
Boiling point: 46.24 °C (115.23 °F; 319.39 K)
Solubility in water:
2.58 g/L (0 °C)
2.39 g/L (10 °C)
2.17 g/L (20 °C)
0.14 g/L (50 °C)
Solubility: Soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene, oil, CHCl3, CCl4
Solubility in formic acid: 4.66 g/100 g
Solubility in dimethyl sulfoxide: 45 g/100 g (20.3 °C)
Vapor pressure:
48.1 kPa (25 °C)
82.4 kPa (40 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −42.2·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.627
Viscosity:
0.436 cP (0 °C)
0.363 cP (20 °C)

Molecular Weight: 76.15
XLogP3-AA: 2.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 75.94414235
Monoisotopic Mass: 75.94414235
Topological Polar Surface Area: 64.2 Ų
Heavy Atom Count : 3
Complexity: 18.3
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: No

Specifications of Carbon disulfide:
Appearance: colourless or yellowish liquid
Assay (GC): ≥ 99.9 %
Water: ≤ 0.01 %
Density (d 20 °C/20 °C): ~1.26
Boiling point: 46 - 47 °C
Identity (IR): passes test
Colour number (Hazen): ≤ 10
Sulphate (SO₄): ≤ 0.0002 %
Sulfite (as SO₂): ≤ 0.00025 %
Sulfur, hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfur compounds (as S): ≤ 0.0001 %
Benzene (GC): ≤ 0.002 %
Evaporation residue: ≤ 0.001 %

Structure of Carbon disulfide:
Molecular shape: Linear
Dipole moment: 0 D (20 °C)

Thermochemistry of Carbon disulfide:
Heat capacity (C): 75.73 J/(mol·K)
Std molar entropy (So298):v151 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): 88.7 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚): 64.4 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): 1687.2 kJ/mol

Related compounds of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon dioxide
Carbonyl sulfide
Carbon diselenide

Names of Carbon disulfide:

CAS names of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide

Trade names of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon bisulfide
Carbon bisulphide
carbon disulfide
Carbon disulfide (8CI, 9CI)
Carbon disulphide
carbon disulphide
Carbon sulfide (CS2)
disiarczek węgla
Dithiocarbonic anhydride
dwusiarczek węgla
Schwefelkohlenstoff
schwefelkohlenstoff

IUPAC name of Carbon disulfide:
Methanedithione
Carbon Bisulphide
Carbon Disulfide
Carbon disulfide
carbon disulfide
Carbon Disulfide
carbon disulphide
Carbon disulphide
carbon disulphide
dithioxomethane
methanedithione
Methanedithione

Other names of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon bisulfide

Synonyms of Carbon disulfide:
CARBON DISULFIDE
Carbon disulphide
Carbon bisulfide
75-15-0
Dithiocarbonic anhydride
methanedithione
Carbon bisulphide
Schwefelkohlenstoff
Weeviltox
Wegla dwusiarczek
Solfuro di carbonio
CARBONDISULFIDE
Sulphocarbonic anhydride
RCRA waste number P022
disulfidocarbon
Carbon disulfide cation
Carbon bisulfuret
NCI-C04591
Alcohol of sulfur
UNII-S54S8B99E8
UN 1131
Sulfocarbonic anhydride
Carbon sulfide (CS2)
Carbon disulfide, ACS reagent
CHEBI:23012
S54S8B99E8
Carbon disulfide solution, 5 M in THF
NCGC00091108-01
Carbondisulphide
DSSTox_CID_3947
DSSTox_RID_77238
DSSTox_GSID_23947
12539-80-9
Sulphuret of carbon
Caswell No. 162
Koolstofdisulfide (zwavelkoolstof)
Kohlendisulfid (schwefelkohlenstoff)
Wegla dwusiarczek
CAS-75-15-0
Sulfure de carbone
Schwefelkohlenstoff
HSDB 52
Carbon disulfide
Carbon disulfide, ACS reagent, >=99.9%
Solfuro di carbonio
CCRIS 5570
Carbone (sulfure de)
Carbone (sulfure de)
Carbonio (solfuro di)
Carbonio (solfuro di)
Sulfure de carbone
EINECS 200-843-6
UN1131
RCRA waste no. P022
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 016401
BRN 1098293
Carbon disulfide, puriss., low in benzene, >=99.5% (GC)
Dithioxomethane
Kohlendisulfid
Carbon sulphide
Koolstofdisulfide (zwavelkoolstof) [Dutch]
AI3-08935
Koolstofdisulfide
carbon-disulphide
Weevil-Tox
Kohlendisulfid (schwefelkohlenstoff) [German]
Dithioxomethane #
Carbon-disulphide-
Carbon disulfide, CP
Carbon disulphide, BSI
EC 200-843-6
4-03-00-00395 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
CHEMBL1365180
DTXSID6023947
Carbon disulfide, p.a., 99.5%
Tox21_111082
Tox21_201168
Carbon disulfide, anhydrous, >=99%
AKOS009075983
NCGC00091108-02
NCGC00258720-01
Carbon disulfide, for HPLC, >=99.9%
Carbondisulfide 100 microg/ml in Methanol
Carbon disulfide, purum, >=99.0% (GC)
Carbondisulfide 5000 microg/mL in Methanol
C1955
Carbon-12C disulfide, 99.9 atom % 12C
FT-0623475
Carbon disulfide 5000 microg/mL in Methanol
Carbon disulfide, puriss., >=99.5% (GC)
C19033
Carbon disulfide, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
Carbon disulfide [UN1131] [Flammable liquid]
Carbon disulfide, JIS special grade, >=99.0%
Carbon disulfide, spectrophotometric grade, >=99%
Q243354
Carbon disulfide, puriss. p.a., >=99.9% (GC)
Carbon disulfide, ReagentPlus(R), low benzene, >=99.9%
Carbon disulfide solution, 5000 mug/mL in methanol, analytical standard
Carbon disulfide, ReagentPlus(R), purified by redistillation, >=99.9%
Carbon disulfide solution, certified reference material, 5000 mug/mL in methanol
Carbon disulfide, for IR spectroscopy, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.9% (GC)
12122-00-8
200-843-6
4-03-00-00395
4-03-00-00395
75-15-0
Carbon bisulfide
Carbon bisulfuret
Carbon bisulphide
Carbon disulfide
Carbon disulfide, ion(1-)
Carbon disulphide
Carbone (sulfure de)
Carbonio (solfuro di)
Disulfide, Carbon
dithioxomethane
Kohlendisulfid (schwefelkohlenstoff)
Koolstofdisulfide (zwavelkoolstof)
Methandithion
methane, dithioxo-
Methanedithione
Méthanedithione
MFCD00011321
Schwefelkohlenstoff
Solfuro di carbonio
Sulfure de carbone
thiocarbonyl sulfur
Wegla dwusiarczek
Carbon disulfide - no shipment by air
Carbon disulfide cation
Carbon disulfide, ACS reagent
Carbon disulfidemissing
Carbon Disulphide, GlenDry, anhydrous
Carbon sulfide
Carbon sulphide
disulfidocarbon
dithiocarbonic anhydride
Methyl disulfide
Sulfocarbonic anhydride
Sulphocarbonic anhydride
Weeviltox

CARBOPOL 974 is a hydrophilic colloidal solution, similar in properties to water-soluble natural gums.
CARBOPOL 974 is a clear, colorless, viscous stable solution.
CARBOPOL 974 in ceramic applications improves dry strength, dispersant action, and improved workability of the clays.

CAS Number: 9003-01-4
Molecular Formula: C5H10O2
Molecular Weight: 102.1317
EINECS Number: 618-347-7

Synonyms: ACRYLIC ACID, 2-Propenoic acid, 79-10-7, prop-2-enoic acid, Propenoic acid, Vinylformic acid, Acroleic acid, Ethylenecarboxylic acid, Propene acid, ACRYLATE, Propenoate, Glacial acrylic acid, 9003-01-4, Kyselina akrylova, Acrylic acid, glacial, RCRA waste number U008, Acide acrylique, Acido acrilio, Caswell No. 009A, Carbopol 934p, Viscalex HV 30, NSC 4765, CCRIS 737, Acrylic resin, HSDB 1421, UNII-J94PBK7X8S, EINECS 201-177-9, J94PBK7X8S, Carbopol 940, BRN 0635743, ACRLYLIC ACID, DTXSID0039229, CHEBI:18308, AI3-15717, NSC-4765, DTXCID8028, Aron, Antiprex A, Carbomer 940, Versicol E9, NSC4765, EC 201-177-9, Acrylic acid resin, Acrysol ase-75, C3:1n-1, Versicol E 7, Versicol E15, 4-02-00-01455 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), Acrysol A 1, Acrysol A 3, Acrysol A 5, Acrysol A-1, Acrysol AC 5, Carbopol 960, Carboset 515, Primal Ase 60, Revacryl A191, Versicol K 11, Versicol S 25, Dispex C40, Acrysol WS-24, Cyguard 266, Joncryl 678, Jurimer AC 10H, Jurimer AC 10P, Nalfloc 636, Good-rite K 37, Revacryl A 191, Junlon 110, Viscon 103, Good-rite K 702, Good-rite K 732, Good-rite WS 801, NCGC00166246-01, Synthemul 90-588, Aron A 10H, Carboset Resin No. 515, ACRYLIC ACID (IARC), ACRYLIC ACID [IARC], OLD 01, PA 11M, PAA-25, Carbopol, P 11H, P-11H, WS 24, Acido acrilio [Spanish], Acide acrylique [French], WS 801, Kyselina akrylova [Czech], R968, UN2218, RCRA waste no. U008, allenediol, Acrysol lmw-20X, XPA, Aqueous acrylic acid, 25987-55-7, Dow Latex 354, Ethene carboxylic acid, Acrylic acid, inhibited, CH2=CHCOOH, (stabilized with MEHQ), Carbomer 934 (NF), Carbomer 940 (NF), Carbomer 941 (NF), Carbopol 910 (TN), Carbopol 934 (TN), Carbopol 940 (TN), Carbopol 941 (TN), Carbomer 934P (NF), Carbopol 934P (TN), Carbomer 910 (USAN), ACRYLIC ACID [MI], Carbomer 1342 (NF), Carbopol 1342 (TN), ACRYLIC ACID [HSDB], WLN: QV1U1, average Mv ~450,000, 76050-42-5, UN 2218 (Salt/Mix), Acrylic acid, p.a., 99%, CHEMBL1213529, STR00040, Tox21_112372, LMFA01030193, MFCD00004367, NSC106034, NSC106035, NSC106036, NSC106037, NSC112122, NSC112123, NSC114472, NSC165257, NSC226569, STL281870, AKOS000118799, DB02579, NSC-106034, NSC-106035, NSC-106036, NSC-106037, NSC-112122, NSC-112123, NSC-114472, NSC-165257, NSC-226569, CAS-79-10-7, Poly(acrylic acid), 25% soln in water, BP-30259, 1ST001124, DB-220116, DB-251641, A0141, FT-0621875, FT-0621879, FT-0660730, NS00001146, EN300-17959, C00511, C19501, D03392, D03393, D03394, D03395, D03396, D03397, Acrylic Acid contains 200ppm MEHQ as inhibitor, Acrylic acid, inhibited [UN2218] [Corrosive], A830860, Q324628, Z57127944, F0001-2070, InChI=1/C3H4O2/c1-2-3(4)5/h2H,1H2,(H,4,5, Acrylic acid, anhydrous, contains 200 ppm MEHQ as inhibitor, 99%, Acrylic acid, SAJ first grade, >=97.0%, contains 190-210 ppm MEHQ as stabilizer, 1204391-75-2, 55927-87-2, 9063-87-0

CARBOPOL 974 is hygroscopic, brittle and colorless in nature with Tg at nearly 106oC.
At temperatures above 200 to 250oC, CARBOPOL 974 loses water and becomes an insoluble crosslinked polymer anhydride.
Solubility of dried CARBOPOL 974 in water increases with rise in temperatures.

Concentrated solutions of CARBOPOL 974 in water is thixotropic in nature.
CARBOPOL 974 applications include the modification of aqueous formulations for such end uses as cleaners, binders, adhesives, and emulsion paints.

The sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts are effective thickeners and dispersants useful in both natural and synthetic latex systems.
CARBOPOL 974 is stable to hydrolysis and is not susceptible to bacterial degradation.

For a description of unrelated compounds expanded by twocarbon units, CARBOPOL 974 is generic name for synthetic high molecular weight polymers of acrylic acid.
They may be homopolymers of CARBOPOL 974, crosslinked with an allyl ether pentaerythritol, allyl ether of sucrose or allyl ether of propylene.
In a water solution at neutral pH, CARBOPOL 974 is an anionic polymer, i.e. many of the side chains of PAA will lose their protons and acquire a negative charge.

This makes PAAs polyelectrolytes, with the ability to absorb and retain water and swell to many times their original volume.
Dry CARBOPOL 974s are found in the market as white and fluffy powders.
CARBOPOL 974 are an indication of molecular weight and the specific components of the polymer.

For many applications CARBOPOL 974s are used in form of alkali metal or amonium salts e.g. sodium polyacrylate.
CARBOPOL 974s are synthetic, high-molecular-weight, crosslinked polymers of acrylic acid.
These acrylic acid polymers are crosslinked with allyl sucrose or allyl pentaerythritol.

The polymerization solvent used previously was benzene; however, some of the newer commercially available grades of carbomer are manufactured using either ethyl acetate or a cyclohexane–ethyl acetate cosolvent mixture.
The CARBOPOL 974 and Carbopol Ultrez polymers are produced in the cosolvent mixture with a proprietary polymerization aid.
CARBOPOL 974 polymer was introduced for use in oral and mucosal contact applications such as oral liquids, bioadhesive formulations, oral care formulations and extended release tablets.

Additionally, CARBOPOL 974 polymer can be used to formulate viscous gels, emulsions and suspensions.
CARBOPOL 974 is a highly crosslinked polymer and produces highly viscous gels with rheology similar to mayonnaise.
Drug release from extended release tablets is affected by differences in the rates of hydration and swelling of the polymer hydrogel, which are largely defined by the crosslinker levels.

Lightly crosslinked polymers, such as CARBOPOL 974 polymer, tend to be more efficient in controlling drug release than highly crosslinked polymers such as Carbopol 974P NF polymer.
CARBOPOL 974 is a highly carboxylated polymer composed of lightly cross-linked polyacrylic acid with a broad-spectrum mechanism based on acidification of pathogens.
CARBOPOL 974 was under development by ReProtect LLC.

CARBOPOL 974 is a gel that may help both block the spread of sexually transmitted diseases and reduce unwanted pregnancies.
CARBOPOL 974, known as BufferGel, was in advanced clinical trials for its ability to prevent pregnancy, but was discontinued.
CARBOPOL 974 polymer was introduced for use in oral and mucosal contact applications such as oral liquids, bioadhesive formulations, oral care formulations and extended release tablets.

Additionally, CARBOPOL 974 polymer can be used to formulate viscous gels, emulsions and suspensions.
CARBOPOL 974 crosslinked with ally sucrose or allyl pentaerythritol. Suspension and emulsion stabilizer.
CARBOPOL 974 taste masking agent extended release agent.

Thickener and rheology modifier.
CARBOPOL 974 recommended for Semisolids & gels, Solutions & suspensions, Solid orals.
Suitable for Topical, Ophthalmic , Oral care, Oral drug delivery applications.

CARBOPOL 974 a thermal analysis of the effect of hydration of non-aqueous polymer-stabilised gels was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
The interaction of water with the polymer and its distribution within the gel are critical to the physicochemical behaviour of the gel, and consequently affects the utility of the gel matrix as a drug delivery vehicle.
Addition of water at levels up to and including 50% (w/w) did not result in an observable freezing event in the thermogram.

However, at 60 and 80% (w/w) water, phase transitions were observed, the magnitude of which were found to be independent of the annealing time within the range used.
The observed melting enthalpies increased as the water concentration increased for all formulations, but were always smaller than that of pure water.
CARBOPOL 974 has the advantage of being able to disperse well in glycol or in formulas with little water.

Suitable for creating gels in formulas with low water content, containing glycol or other solvents that are not water.
CARBOPOL 974 is the main component of the formula.
CARBOPOL 974, also known as Carbomer 974, is a synthetic, high molecular weight cross-linked polymer of acrylic acid.

CARBOPOL 974 is commonly used as a thickening, suspending, and stabilizing agent in a variety of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
CARBOPOL 974 is valued for its ability to create gels and to provide a smooth, creamy texture to formulations.
CARBOPOL 974 is often found in topical creams, lotions, gels, and various personal care products.

CARBOPOL 974 is used to increase the viscosity of solutions and to create gel-like textures.
Helps stabilize emulsions, ensuring the even distribution of ingredients.
Prevents the settling of suspended particles in formulations.

CARBOPOL 974 enhances the adherence of topical formulations to skin or mucosal surfaces.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in pharmaceutical formulations to control the release of active ingredients.

Melting point: 95 °C
Boiling point: 116 °C
Density: 1.2 g/mL at 25 °C
Tg: 106
vapor pressure: 2.64-3.57hPa at 20-25℃
refractive index: n20/D 1.442
Flash point: 100 °C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Swellable in water and glycerin and, after neutralization, in ethanol (95%). Carbomers do not dissolve but merely swell to a remarkable extent, since they are three-dimensionally crosslinked microgels.
form: Powder
color: White
PH: 2.5 -3.0 (1% water solution)
Viscosity: 250-500cp (25C)
Viscosity: 400-1,200cp (25C)
Viscosity: 500-1,500cp (25C)
Viscosity: 700cp (4% solution in water)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
LogP: 0.23-0.27 at 20℃ and pH3.59-3.63

CARBOPOL 974's polymer chains are cross-linked, meaning they form a network that can trap water molecules.
This network creates a thick, gel-like consistency when hydrated.
When mixed with water, CARBOPOL 974 swells and thickens the solution.

Neutralizing the solution (adjusting the pH) can further enhance its thickening properties.
Common neutralizers include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or triethanolamine.
The rheological (flow) properties of Carbopol 974 can be tailored to specific needs by adjusting the concentration and the degree of neutralization.

CARBOPOL 974 can create a wide range of viscosities, from liquid-like to solid-like gels.
CARBOPOL 974 can stabilize oil-in-water emulsions by increasing the viscosity of the aqueous phase, thereby preventing the coalescence of oil droplets.
This results in stable, homogeneous products.

In suspension formulations, Carbopol 974 helps keep solid particles evenly distributed by increasing the viscosity of the liquid medium.
In pharmaceutical applications, CARBOPOL 974 can be used to control the release rate of active ingredients.
This is particularly useful in creating sustained-release formulations, where the drug is released slowly over time, providing longer therapeutic effects and reducing dosing frequency.

CARBOPOL 974 is used in products like acne treatments, anti-inflammatory gels, and local anesthetics due to its ability to form clear, non-greasy gels that adhere well to the skin.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in oral gels for treating conditions like mouth ulcers, as it provides a soothing, protective layer over the mucous membranes.
Utilized in eye drops and gels to provide a lubricating effect and to ensure the active ingredient remains in contact with the eye surface for an extended period.

Enhances the texture and feel of facial moisturizers, making them smooth and easy to apply without being greasy.
Helps to evenly distribute and stabilize the active ingredients in sunscreens, ensuring consistent protection against UV rays.
Provides the necessary hold and texture in hair gels while ensuring a non-sticky finish.

CARBOPOL 974 is used in bathroom and kitchen cleaners to create thick, clingy gels that adhere to surfaces, allowing the cleaning agents to work more effectively.
Found in some laundry detergents and fabric softeners to improve their consistency and performance.
The viscosity of Carbopol 974 can vary significantly depending on the concentration and the degree of neutralization.

CARBOPOL 974 can range from a few thousand to several million centipoise (cP).
CARBOPOL 974 can produce clear or translucent gels, which are desirable in cosmetic and personal care products.
CARBOPOL 974 is stable under normal storage conditions.

However, CARBOPOL 974 should be kept in a dry place and protected from extreme temperatures and humidity.
CARBOPOL 974 is an anionic polymer that can be synthesized by the free radical polymerization of acrylic acid.
CARBOPOL 974 has a swelling nature that tends to absorb and retain the water.

Its high ion exchange capacity makes it useful in the formation of membranes.
The global demand on acrylic resin approached roughly US $ 14.5 billion in 2011.
With an annual growth rate of 4 - 5 % , the CARBOPOL 974 market is expected to reach US $ 16.6 billion by 2014 and US$22 billion by 2020.

CARBOPOL 974s are used in a wide range of applications for the outstanding chemical characteristics and unique aesthetic properties.
Currently, the strongest demand comes from automotive and medical device markets, and paints & coatings, adhesive & sealant and construction & architecture are the major application markets for acrylic resin.
CARBOPOL 974 is a general term for any one of the plastics (resin) generated through chemical reaction by applying polymerization initiator and heat to a monomer.

The chemical name for the resin produced from the methyl methacrylate monomer (MMA) is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
CARBOPOL 974 is a transparent and colorless fluid substance.
One of the main characteristic features of PMMA is its high transparency.

With its high weather resistance, CARBOPOL 974 has been known to last over 30 years, it does not easily turn yellow or crumble when exposed to sunlight.
CARBOPOL 974 is used not only for transparent windows in aquariums but also for various items such as signboards in places like convenience stores, taillights of automobiles, bathtub liners, sinks, cell phone display screens, backlight optical waveguides for liquid crystal displays (LCD) and so on.
CARBOPOL 974s are discolored by resorcinol and are incompatible with phenol, cationic polymers, strong acids, and high levels of electrolytes.

Certain antimicrobial adjuvants should also be avoided or used at low levels.
Trace levels of iron and other transition metals can catalytically degrade carbomer dispersions.
Certain amino-functional actives form complexes with carbomer; often this can be prevented by adjusting the pH of the dispersion and/or the solubility parameter by using appropriate alcohols and polyols.

CARBOPOL 974 also form pH-dependent complexes with certain polymeric excipients. Adjustment of pH and/or solubility parameter can also work in this situation.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in formulations for its ability to create clear, smooth, and stable gels.
Helps suspend active ingredients evenly.

CARBOPOL 974 is used in controlled release tablets and other dosage forms to modulate the release rate of the active pharmaceutical ingredients.
Provides a creamy, non-greasy feel.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in styling gels and other hair care products for its ability to hold hair styles.

Offers a smooth application and enhances skin feel.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in household cleaning products for thickening and stabilizing the gel formulations.
Small amounts can significantly increase the viscosity of formulations.

Provides excellent stability to emulsions and suspensions.
CARBOPOL 974 forms clear gels, which are aesthetically appealing for cosmetic applications.
Compatible with a wide range of active ingredients and excipients.

Must be properly hydrated and neutralized (usually with a base like sodium hydroxide or triethanolamine) to achieve the desired thickening and gelling properties.
Requires thorough mixing to ensure even dispersion and to avoid clumping.
CARBOPOL 974 adjusting the pH after hydration can help achieve optimal viscosity and clarity.

Generally considered safe when used in appropriate concentrations.
However, as with all chemicals, it should be handled with care to avoid inhalation or prolonged skin contact with the dry powder.
CARBOPOL 974 approved by various regulatory bodies for use in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.

Commonly found in products like hand sanitizers, moisturizers, facial cleansers, sunscreens, and medicated gels.
Often marketed under the brand name Carbopol® by Lubrizol Corporation.

Storage:
CARBOPOL 974s are stable, hygroscopic materials that may be heated at temperatures below 1048℃ for up to 2 hours without affecting their thickening efficiency.
However, exposure to excessive temperatures can result in discoloration and reduced stability.
Complete decomposition occurs with heating for 30 minutes at 2608℃.

Dry powder forms of carbomer do not support the growth of molds and fungi.
In contrast, microorganisms grow well in unpreserved aqueous dispersions, and therefore an antimicrobial preservative such as 0.1% w/v chlorocresol, 0.18% w/v methylparaben–0.02% w/v propylparaben, or 0.1% w/v thimerosal should be added.
The addition of certain antimicrobials, such as benzalkonium chloride or sodium benzoate, in high concentrations (0.1% w/v) can cause cloudiness and a reduction in viscosity of carbomer dispersions.

Aqueous gels may be sterilized by autoclaving with minimal changes in viscosity or pH, provided care is taken to exclude oxygen from the system, or by gamma irradiation, although this technique may increase the viscosity of the formulation.
At room temperature, carbomer dispersions maintain their viscosity during storage for prolonged periods.
Similarly, dispersion viscosity is maintained, or only slightly reduced, at elevated storage temperatures if an antioxidant is included in the formulation or if the dispersion is stored protected from light.

Exposure to light causes oxidation that is reflected in a decrease in dispersion viscosity.
Stability to light may be improved by the addition of 0.05–0.1% w/v of a water-soluble UV absorber such as benzophenone-2 or benzophenone-4 in combination with 0.05–0.1% w/v edetic acid.

Carbomer powder should be stored in an airtight, corrosionresistant container and protected from moisture.
The use of glass, plastic, or resin-lined containers is recommended for the storage of formulations containing carbomer.

Uses:
CARBOPOL 974 is used in disposable diapers and in ion exchange resins.
CARBOPOL 974 is also used to study solute diffusion in polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylic acid copolymer hydrogel.
CARBOPOL 974 is also employed as a thickening, suspending, emulsifying and dispersing agent in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, adhesives and paints.

Further, CARBOPOL 974 is used for the preparation of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-block-polyacrylic acid copolymer which responds to both temperature and pH stimuli.
In addition to this, it is used in preparing block copolymer of oligo (methyl methacrylate)/PAA for micellar delivery of hydrophobic drugs.
CARBOPOL 974 and its derivatives are used in disposable diapers,ion exchange resins and adhesives.

They are also popular as a thickening, dispersing, suspending and emulsifying agents in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and paints.
CARBOPOL 974 inactivates the antiseptic chlorhexidine gluconate.
CARBOPOL 974 are used in liquid or semisolid pharmaceutical formulations as rheology modifiers.

Formulations include creams, gels, lotions and ointments for use in ophthalmic, rectal, topical and vaginal preparations.
CARBOPOL 974 grades with residual benzene content greater than 2 ppm do not meet the specifications of the PhEur 6.4 monograph.
However, carbomer having low residuals of other solvents than the ICH-defined ‘Class I OVI solvents’ may be used in Europe.

CARBOPOL 974 having low residuals of ethyl acetate, such as Carbopol 971P NF or Carbopol 974P NF, may be used in oral preparations, in suspensions, capsules or tablets.
In tablet formulations, CARBOPOL 974 are used as controlled release agents and/or as binders. In contrast to linear polymers, higher viscosity does not result in slower drug release with carbomers.
Lightly crosslinked carbomers (lower viscosity) are generally more efficient in controlling drug release than highly crosslinked carbomers (higher viscosity).

In wet granulation processes, water, solvents or their mixtures can be used as the granulating fluid.
The tackiness of the wet mass may be reduced by including talc in the formulation or by adding certain cationic species to the granulating fluid.
However, the presence of cationic salts may accelerate drug release rates and reduce bioadhesive properties.

CARBOPOL 974 polymers have also been investigated in the preparation of sustained-release matrix beads, as enzyme inhibitors of intestinal proteases in peptide-containing dosage forms, as a bioadhesive for a cervical patch and for intranasally administered microspheres, in magnetic granules for site-specific drug delivery to the esophagus, and in oral mucoadhesive controlled drug delivery systems.
CARBOPOL 974 copolymers are also employed as emulsifying agents in the preparation of oil-in-water emulsions for external administration.
CARBOPOL 974 has been investigated as a viscosity-increasing aid in the preparation of multiple emulsion microspheres.

CARBOPOL 974 are also used in cosmetics.
Therapeutically, CARBOPOL 974 formulations have proved efficacious in improving symptoms of moderate-to-severe dry eye syndrome.
CARBOPOL 974 is used to create smooth, clear, and non-greasy gels.

Common in formulations for acne treatments, anti-inflammatory gels, local anesthetics, and pain relief gels.
Found in oral gels for mouth ulcers and gingivitis treatments.
Used in toothpaste to stabilize and provide a consistent texture.

CARBOPOL 974 is used in eye drops and ophthalmic gels to enhance viscosity and provide prolonged contact with the eye surface.
Incorporated in sustained-release tablets and other dosage forms to control the release rate of active ingredients.
Used as a matrix in patches to control the release of drugs through the skin.

Found in facial moisturizers, lotions, and serums for its ability to create a smooth, creamy texture.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in sunscreens to stabilize the formulation and ensure even distribution of UV filters.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in hair gels, styling products, and conditioners to provide hold and improve texture.

Included in facial and body cleansers for thickening and improving the product feel.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in foundations, mascaras, and other makeup products to provide consistency and improve application.
Used in bathroom and kitchen cleaners for thickening and improving the adherence to surfaces, enhancing cleaning efficiency.

Found in some laundry detergents and fabric softeners to improve viscosity and performance.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in formulations for paints, coatings, and adhesives to improve viscosity and stability.
Found in industrial lubricants to enhance performance and stability.

CARBOPOL 974 is used in agricultural sprays and treatments to improve the adherence and effectiveness of active ingredients.
Used in the preparation of hydrogels for wound care, providing a moist environment that promotes healing.
Found in lubricating gels for medical instruments and devices.

Although less common, Carbopol 974 can be used in food applications as a thickener and stabilizer.
Helps in the formulation of clear, non-greasy gels that deliver active ingredients like benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid effectively.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in products containing ibuprofen or diclofenac to relieve pain and inflammation in conditions such as arthritis.

Incorporated into gels and creams for delivering anesthetics like lidocaine to provide localized pain relief.
Enhances the permeability of active ingredients through the skin, making it useful in transdermal patches.
Provides soothing and protective effects in treatments for mouth ulcers, gingivitis, and other oral conditions.

Acts as a thickening agent to provide the desired texture and consistency, ensuring the stability and uniformity of the paste.
Increases the viscosity of the solution, which helps to prolong contact time with the ocular surface, enhancing the efficacy of treatments for dry eyes or other conditions.
CARBOPOL 974 provides a longer-lasting lubricating effect for dry eye syndromes and post-surgical eye care.

CARBOPOL 974 is used in matrix systems that control the release rate of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, allowing for prolonged therapeutic effects and reducing dosing frequency.
Helps control the release rate of drugs through the skin, improving the efficacy and convenience of treatment.
Enhances the texture, providing a smooth, creamy feel that is easily absorbed by the skin without leaving a greasy residue.

Stabilizes the formulation, ensuring even distribution of UV filters, and improving the application and wear characteristics.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in serums and creams that deliver active ingredients like retinol or hyaluronic acid for skin rejuvenation.
Provides hold and texture, helping to style and maintain hair shapes.

Enhances the viscosity and consistency, making them easier to apply and distribute through the hair.
Thickens formulations, improving the application experience and providing a luxurious feel.
Enhances the viscosity, ensuring the product stays on the skin long enough to cleanse effectively.

CARBOPOL 974 improves the texture and stability, ensuring even application and long-lasting wear.
Enhances the consistency, helping to provide volume and length to lashes without clumping.
Creates thick, clingy gels that adhere to surfaces, allowing cleaning agents to work more effectively on grime and soap scum.

Enhances the effectiveness of cleaning agents on countertops and appliances.
Improves the viscosity, ensuring uniform distribution of cleaning agents.
Enhances the texture and stability, providing a smooth, consistent product.

Improves viscosity and stability, ensuring smooth application and uniform coverage.
Enhances the texture and performance, providing strong and consistent adhesion.
Stabilizes the formulation and improves the performance of lubricants used in machinery and equipment.

Improves the adherence of pesticides and fertilizers to plant surfaces, enhancing their effectiveness.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in hydrogels that provide a moist environment conducive to healing, often used in burn treatments and ulcer care.

Found in lubricating gels for catheters, endoscopes, and other medical instruments, ensuring smooth insertion and reducing friction.
Though less common, Carbopol 974 can be used in certain food applications as a thickener and stabilizer, particularly in processed foods and beverages where a stable, gel-like consistency is desired.

Safety Profile:
Carbomers are used extensively in nonparenteral products, particularly topical liquid and semisolid preparations.
Grades polymerized in ethyl acetate may also be used in oral formulations.
There is no evidence of systemic absorption of carbomer polymers following oral administration.

Acute oral toxicity studies in animals indicate that carbomer 934P has a low oral toxicity, with doses up to 8 g/kg being administered to dogs without fatalities occurring.
CARBOPOL 974 are generally regarded as essentially nontoxic and nonirritant materials; there is no evidence in humans of hypersensitivity reactions to carbomers used topically.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polymer similar in structure and nomenclature to polyethylene glycols.


CAS Number: 9004-74-4
MDL number: MFCD00084416
INCI Name: PEG-6 Methyl Ether
Molecular Formula: CH3O(CH2CH2O)nH



Methoxypolyethylene glycol, Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether, mono-Methyl polyethylene glycol 350, Methoxypolyethylene glycol, Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether, mono-Methyl polyethylene glycol 350, MPEG, MPEG-OH, METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL, MEO-PEG-OH, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER, MEO-PEG-COOH, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 550, MPEG 500, MPEG 2000, MPEG 5000, Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol), Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, mPEG, Methoxypolyethylene glycol, Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether, mono-Methyl polyethylene glycol 350, mono-Methyl polyethylene glycol 350, Methoxypolyethylene glycol, Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether



Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a poly(ethylene glycol) terminated with a methyl group at one end.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of methyl ether.
Etherification of the PEG chain ends can be undertaken in basic conditions by reacting it with alkyl halides.


mPEG can undergo cross linking to form hydrogels; polymerization can be initiated by redox reaction or free radical initiator.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a water-soluble linear polymer formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polymer similar in structure and nomenclature to polyethylene glycols.


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polyethylene glycol
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a PEG linker containing a hydroxyl group.
The hydroxyl group enables further derivatization or replacement with other reactive functional groups.


The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is PEG-6 methyl ether-based plasticizer.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 maintains wet-tack strength and possesses lubricity and humectant properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 that provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and with slightly more hydrophobic solvent properties.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in pressure-sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used for use in soaps and detergents, adhesives, chemical Intermediates, inks and dye carrier, lubricants, and plasticizer​​​.


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used Adhesives, Chemical intermediates, Inks and dye carriers, Lubricants, Plasticizer, Soaps, and detergents.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is varies from viscous liquid to white flakes, depending
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used enteric coating controlled release and enteric release coatings


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
Form: Liquid
Appearance: liquid
Boiling Point: > 200 °C (> 392 °F)
Color: Clear, Colorless
Density: 1.0899 g/cm3 @ 20 °C (68 °F)
Flash Point: 182 °C (360 °F)
Freezing Point: -5 - 10 °C (23 - 50 °F)
Kinematic Viscosity: 3.9 mm2/s @ 98.9 °C (210.0 °F)
Odor: mild
pH: 4.5 - 7.5 @ 20 - 25 °C (68 - 77 °F)
Relative Vapor Density: > 10
Solubility in Water: soluble
Vapor Pressure: < 0.01 mmHg @ 20 °C (68 °F)

Physical State : Liquid
Solubility :Soluble in water (partly).
Storage :Store at room temperature
Melting Point :52-56° C
Density :1.09 g/mL
Refractive Index :n20D 1.46
Physical state: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point
Melting point/range: 52 - 56 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 182 °C - closed cup

Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: at 20 °C slightly soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available

CB Number: CB6228002
Molecular Formula: C5H12O3
Molecular Weight: 120.14698
MDL Number: MFCD00084416
MOL File:9004-74-4.mol
Melting point: 60-64 °C
Boiling point: >200°C/760mmHg
Density: 1.094 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 0.05 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.459
Flash point: 268 °C
storage temp.: -20°C
solubility: H2O: 50 mg/mL at 25 °C, clear, colorless
form: semisolid
Specific Gravity: 1.094
color: White to pale yellow
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)

Water Solubility: Slightly miscible with water.
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.06
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03
Stability: Stable.
InChIKey: XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.800 (est)
EWG's Food Scores: 1-3
FDA UNII: METHOXY PEG-40 (6AXS45P1QU)
PEG-4 METHYL ETHER (3S6PWQ487V)
METHOXY PEG-20 (77U9H6E11K)
METHOXY PEG-16 (89ES36762B)
PEG-7 METHYL ETHER (ENK4Y6S66X)
EPA Substance Registry System: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl),
.alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy- (9004-74-4)
Molecular Formula: C5H12O3
Melting Point: 60-64?°C
Boiling Point: >200°C/760mmHg
Refractive index:Index of refraction: 1.4264 at 27 °C/D
Flash Point: 268 °C



FIRST AID MEASURES of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses:
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Respiratory protection:
Not required
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polyethylene glycol derivative.
Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are polymers of ethylene oxide, and they are known for their versatility in various industrial and commercial applications.
The number 350 in the name refers to the approximate molecular weight of the polymer.

CAS Number: 9004-74-4
EC Number: 618-394-3

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APPLICATIONS


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is commonly used as a base material in the formulation of pharmaceuticals and medicinal products.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the synthesis of controlled drug delivery systems, ensuring precise release of active ingredients.
In the pharmaceutical industry, the polymer is utilized to enhance the solubility and stability of certain drugs.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the creation of specialty coatings for medical devices, providing a biocompatible surface.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the formulation of certain ointments and creams, contributing to their smooth and easily spreadable texture.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 serves as a key ingredient in the development of stable emulsions and creams in the cosmetic and personal care industry.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 acts as a lubricant in the production of certain pharmaceutical tablets and capsules.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the creation of heat transfer fluids, ensuring efficient thermal management in industrial processes.

In the oil and gas industry, the polymer is utilized in the formulation of drilling fluids to enhance lubrication and stability.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is incorporated into the synthesis of certain polymer electrolyte membranes used in fuel cells.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the development of certain veterinary medications, ensuring precise dosage and administration.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the production of specialty waxes used in the molding and casting of intricate shapes in various industries.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the creation of certain crop protection products, enhancing the stability and efficacy of agrochemicals.
In the textile industry, the polymer is added to fabric softeners to provide a soft and luxurious feel to textiles.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the formulation of certain liquid detergents, enhancing their solubilizing and dispersing properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the development of specialty inks for flexographic and gravure printing, ensuring precise and consistent printing quality.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the formulation of certain antifoaming agents, controlling foam in various industrial processes.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the creation of certain corrosion inhibitors, protecting metal surfaces from degradation in harsh environments.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is incorporated into the formulation of certain sealants for construction applications, providing durability and weather resistance.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the development of specialty gels for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, providing a stable and smooth texture.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the formulation of certain metalworking fluids, improving lubrication and cooling during machining processes.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the creation of certain inkjet printing fluids for wide-format printers, ensuring optimal performance.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the production of specialty ceramics, acting as a binder in the shaping and firing of ceramic materials.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the creation of certain corrosion-resistant coatings for metal surfaces in marine and industrial environments.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the formulation of certain specialty adhesives, enhancing their bonding strength and durability.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the formulation of water-based hydraulic fluids, providing lubrication and reducing friction in hydraulic systems.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as a plasticizer in the production of certain polymers, enhancing their flexibility and processability.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the creation of certain mold release agents, facilitating the easy release of molded objects from molds.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is incorporated into the formulation of certain rust preventatives, protecting metal surfaces from corrosion.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the development of specialty paints and coatings, improving their flow and leveling properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the creation of certain textile auxiliaries, contributing to the softness and smoothness of textiles.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the formulation of certain inkjet inks for desktop printers, ensuring reliable and high-quality printing.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the production of certain defoaming agents used in industrial processes where foam control is essential.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the formulation of certain liquid-filled radiographic testing materials for non-destructive testing applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the synthesis of certain polymeric surfactants used in emulsion polymerization processes.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is incorporated into the formulation of certain adhesive removers, facilitating the removal of adhesives from various surfaces.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the development of certain veterinary vaccines, contributing to their stability and efficacy.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the creation of certain food-grade lubricants for machinery in the food processing industry.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the formulation of certain ink additives, improving the stability and dispersion of pigments in printing inks.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the production of certain biodegradable and environmentally friendly lubricants.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as a processing aid in the production of certain plastics and rubber compounds.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the creation of certain specialty detergents, enhancing their solubility and cleaning performance.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the formulation of certain sealants for electronics, providing protection against moisture and environmental factors.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the synthesis of certain specialty resins used in coatings and adhesives.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the creation of certain personal lubricants, providing a smooth and non-irritating texture.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the formulation of certain antistatic agents for plastics and textiles, preventing static electricity buildup.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the development of certain bio-based and sustainable products.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the creation of certain anti-fogging agents used in various applications, including eyewear and camera lenses.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the formulation of certain specialty detergents for cleaning medical instruments and equipment.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the synthesis of certain specialty ceramics and ceramic composites.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the production of certain emulsifying agents for the creation of stable emulsions in various formulations.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the formulation of certain pigment dispersions for use in the coloring of inks, paints, and coatings.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the creation of certain biocompatible hydrogels used in medical and pharmaceutical applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the formulation of certain heat transfer fluids for applications such as solar thermal systems.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the creation of certain adjuvants for vaccines, enhancing the immune response to antigens.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the development of certain anti-icing and de-icing agents for use in aviation and transportation.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is incorporated into the formulation of certain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents used in medical diagnostics.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the synthesis of certain specialty polymeric materials used in the construction of membranes for water purification.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the formulation of certain ink additives for the improvement of printability and color quality.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the production of certain film-forming agents used in the creation of coatings for various surfaces.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the formulation of certain humidity control agents for use in controlled environments.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the development of certain foam control agents used in the production of polyurethane foams.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the formulation of certain surfactants and wetting agents for improved wetting and spreading in agricultural applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the creation of certain emollients and conditioning agents for personal care products.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the formulation of certain lubricating greases for industrial machinery and automotive applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the synthesis of certain polymeric additives for the improvement of concrete properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the creation of certain lubricating oils and fluids for industrial machinery.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is incorporated into the formulation of certain ink additives for the enhancement of print adhesion on various substrates.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the development of certain biocompatible implants and medical devices.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the creation of certain release agents for moldings and castings in manufacturing processes.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the formulation of certain electrolyte solutions for use in electrochemical applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the synthesis of certain specialty detergents for cleaning electronic components.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the creation of certain wetting agents for use in agricultural spray formulations.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the formulation of certain anti-misting agents for use in industrial processes involving liquids.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the production of certain cosmetic emulsions for the creation of stable and uniform cosmetic products.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polyethylene glycol derivative.
Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are polymers of ethylene oxide, and they are known for their versatility in various industrial and commercial applications.
The number 350 in the name refers to the approximate molecular weight of the polymer.

The chemical structure of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can be represented as H(OCH3)CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH, where "n" represents the number of repeating ethylene oxide units.
The methoxy (OCH3) group indicates that the polymer has a methoxy end group.

The specific properties and applications of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can vary depending on its formulation and intended use.
Polyethylene glycols, in general, are known for their solubility in water and a wide range of organic solvents, as well as their use in pharmaceuticals, personal care products, industrial processes, and more.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a clear and colorless liquid.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 possesses a mild and characteristic odor.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is part of the polyethylene glycol family with a molecular weight around 350 g/mol.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is water-soluble and highly miscible in various solvents.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has a versatile molecular structure with repeating ethylene oxide units.
With a methoxy end group, it exhibits specific chemical functionality.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is commonly referred to as PEG 350.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds applications across diverse industrial sectors.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is known for its stability under normal storage conditions.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has a neutral pH, typically around 7 in water.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has a low vapor pressure and is non-flammable.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as a base material in the synthesis of various specialty chemicals.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a key ingredient in the formulation of certain pharmaceutical products.

Its mild and non-irritating nature makes it suitable for use in personal care and cosmetic formulations.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 contributes to the creation of stable suspensions and dispersions in liquid formulations.

In the oil and gas industry, it is utilized in the formulation of drilling fluids for enhanced performance.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 acts as a lubricant in various industrial processes.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used to improve the solubility and stability of certain active ingredients in pharmaceuticals.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the creation of heat transfer fluids for efficient thermal management.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the synthesis of controlled drug delivery systems.
In the field of chromatography, it serves as a mobile phase additive for liquid chromatography.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350's compatibility with different materials makes it valuable in the formulation of coatings and adhesives.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a versatile component in the development of specialty polymers.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the creation of stable emulsions in certain formulations.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is known for its biocompatibility, making it suitable for use in various biomedical applications.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

State: Liquid
Color: Clear and colorless
Odor: Mild and characteristic
Molecular Weight: Approximately 350 g/mol
pH: Neutral (typically around 7 in water)
Solubility: Highly soluble in water and miscible in various solvents


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Structure: Polyethylene glycol derivative with repeating ethylene oxide units
Functional Group: Methoxy end group
Chemical Formula: H(OCH3)CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH (where "n" represents the number of repeating ethylene oxide units)


Thermal Properties:

Melting Point: Dependent on the specific formulation; typically, polyethylene glycols have a low melting point.
Boiling Point: Varies based on atmospheric pressure.


Mechanical Properties:

Viscosity: The viscosity can vary, and it is often formulated to meet specific application requirements.
Density: The density is influenced by temperature and concentration.


Miscellaneous Properties:

Biocompatibility: Generally considered biocompatible, making it suitable for certain biomedical applications.
Flammability: Non-flammable.
Vapor Pressure: Low vapor pressure.
Surface Tension: Influenced by concentration and temperature.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek medical attention.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists or if the substance is absorbed through the skin.


Eye Contact:

In case of contact with eyes, rinse thoroughly with water for several minutes, lifting the eyelids.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists or if there is any evidence of damage to the eyes.


Ingestion:

If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse mouth with water and seek medical attention.


General First Aid Measures:

If a person is unconscious, not breathing, or experiencing seizures, call emergency services immediately.
Provide first aid for the specific symptoms and seek medical attention promptly.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.


Notes to Medical Personnel:

Provide medical personnel with detailed information about the substance, including its composition and potential hazards.
Treatment should be based on the symptoms exhibited by the exposed individual.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing, to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation exposure.
Use local exhaust ventilation if necessary.

Avoidance of Contact:
Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. In case of contact, follow first aid measures outlined in the SDS.

Preventive Measures:
Implement good industrial hygiene practices, including regular handwashing and avoiding unnecessary exposure.

Spill and Leak Response:
In the event of a spill or leak, follow established procedures outlined in the SDS.
Use appropriate absorbent materials and tools for cleanup.

Equipment Handling:
Use suitable equipment for handling, transferring, and dispensing the substance.
Ensure equipment is clean and in good working order.

Avoidance of Incompatible Materials:
Avoid contact with incompatible materials, such as strong acids, alkalis, and oxidizing agents.

Static Electricity:
Take precautions to prevent the build-up of static electricity, which could lead to sparks.
Grounding and bonding may be necessary.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources.

Temperature Control:
Maintain storage temperatures according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.

Separation from Incompatible Substances:
Store away from incompatible materials.
Segregate from strong acids, alkalis, and other reactive substances.

Container Integrity:
Ensure the integrity of containers to prevent leaks and spills.
Use original, tightly sealed containers when not in use.

Handling of Packages:
Handle packages carefully to avoid damage. Damaged containers may compromise the integrity of the substance.

Labeling:
Ensure proper labeling on containers, providing necessary hazard and safety information.
Maintain clear product identification.

Accessibility:
Store in areas easily accessible for emergency response and inspection.

Security Measures:
Implement appropriate security measures to prevent unauthorized access and tampering.

Shelf Life:
Adhere to the specified shelf life mentioned by the manufacturer.
Rotate stock to use older material first.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 appears as a clear, colorless liquid.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polymer similar in structure and nomenclature to polyethylene glycols.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is less dense than water.

CAS Number: 9004-74-4
Molecular Formula: C5H12O3
Molecular Weight: 120.14698
EINECS Number: 618-394-3

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a PEG linker containing a hydroxyl group.
The CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 enables further derivatization or replacement with other reactive functional groups.
The CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 spacer increases solubility in aqueous media.

It is a CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 with a reactive chain end consisting of methyl ether.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 chain ends can be undertaken in basic conditions by reacting it with alkyl halides.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can undergo cross linking to form hydrogels; polymerization can be initiated by redox reaction or free radical initiator.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a hydroxyether, ethanol substituted at position 2 by a methoxy group.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 acts as a protic solvent and solvent.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has a flash point of 110°F.

The vapors of CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 are heavier than air.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350, commonly known as PEG 350, is a type of polyethylene glycol (PEG) compound.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s are synthetic polymers made by polymerizing ethylene oxide, and they are widely used in various industries due to their versatile properties.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 specifically refers to a PEG compound where the average molecular weight is around 350 g/mol.
The molecular weight of PEGs can vary significantly, and different molecular weights result in different properties and uses.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 shows improved solubility, slipperiness, hygroscopicity and slightly more hydrophobic solvent properties.

They are suitable for use in soaps and detergents, adhesives, chemical intermediates, inks and paint carriers, lubricants and plasticizers.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has the form of white flakes.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has an average molecular mass of 350.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in various applications such as micelles as well as drug delivery.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350, a new grade.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in heat sensitive micelle cyclotriphosphazenes.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 was also used in a study to investigate the synthesis of a new amphiphilic compound.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of

Etherification of CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 chain ends can be carried out under basic conditions as follows: by reaction with alkyl halides.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can undergo cross-linking to form hydrogels; polymerization can be initiated as a redox reaction or used as a free radical initiator.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350, a new grade heat sensitive micelle cyclotriphosphazenes.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 was also used in a study to investigate the synthesis of a new amphiphilic compound.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 with stepwise nucleophilic substitution.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polymer similar to polyethylene glycols in terms of structure and nomenclature.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a PEG-6 methyl ether based plasticizer.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 maintains wet adhesion strength and has lubricity and moisturizing properties.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is soluble in many polar solvents such as aliphatic ketones, alcohols, glycol ethers.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is easily miscible with water.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is slightly less soluble in water and its solubility is reduced molecularly.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a long chain methacrylate monoester based on an ethylene oxide backbone.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is water soluble and contains about 8 ethylene oxide (EO) units in its structure.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of:

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 chain ends can be assumed by reacting with alkyl under basic conditions.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in various applications such as micelles as well as drug delivery.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350, a new grade heat sensitive micelle cyclotriphosphazenes.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 was also used in a study to investigate the synthesis of a new amphiphilic compound.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350) with stepwise nucleophilic substitution.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is the main material for producing polycarboxylate high water reducing agent.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has good solubility, wettability, lubricity, physiologically inert properties, non-irritating and moderate properties.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 or methyl cellosolve is an organic compound with the formula C3H8O2 used.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a clear, colorless liquid with an ether-like odor.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 that provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and with slightly more hydrophobic solvent properties.
For use in soaps and detergents, adhesives, chemical Intermediates, inks and dye carrier, lubricants, and plasticizer​​​.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is in a class of solvents known as glycol ethers that stand out for their capabilities.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used to dissolve various kinds of chemical compounds and ensure their miscibility with water and other solvents.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can be formed by the nucleophilic attack of methanol on protonated ethylene oxide followed by proton transfer:
C2H5O++ CH3OH → C3H8O2 + H+

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a hydroxyether, ethanol substituted at position 2 by a methoxy group.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 acts as a protic solvent and solvent.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 appears as a clear, colorless liquid.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is less dense than water.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol (MPEG) 350 by Dow is PEG-6 methyl ether-based plasticizer.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 maintains wet-tack strength and possesses lubricity and humectant properties.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has improved solubility, slipperiness, hygroscopicity and light weight.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in lubricants and plasticizers.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has the form of a viscous liquid to white flakes.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has an average molecular mass of 350.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used for drug delivery.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of methyl ether.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 was also used in a study to investigate the synthesis of a new amphiphilic compound.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is soluble in many polar solvents such as aliphatic ketones, alcohols, glycol ethers.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is easily miscible with water.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a long chain methacrylate monoester based on an ethylene oxide backbone.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as a solvent for many different purposes such as varnishes, paints and paints.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a type of polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of around 350 g/mol.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s chemical structure consists of a chain of repeating ethylene oxide units, with two terminal hydroxyl groups (-OH) on each end.
The "methoxypolyethylene" part indicates the presence of methoxy (-OCH3) groups along the polymer chain.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is soluble in water and various organic solvents.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s solubility characteristics make it useful for creating formulations with desired viscosities and properties.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350, are hygroscopic, meaning they have the ability to attract and hold water molecules from the surrounding environment.
This property makes them useful as humectants in cosmetics and as moisture-retaining agents in certain applications.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 and other PEG compounds are utilized in the pharmaceutical industry to enhance the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, thereby improving their bioavailability.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can also be used to modify the release rate of drugs from dosage forms.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a process where PEG molecules are attached to drugs or therapeutic proteins.
This modification can improve the pharmacokinetics and stability of the molecules in the body, resulting in prolonged circulation times and reduced immunogenicity.
The properties of PEGs like CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can be tuned by altering their molecular weights.

Higher molecular weight CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s tend to be more viscous and can form thicker gels, while lower molecular weight PEGs are more liquid and less viscous.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s are generally considered safe for use in various applications, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food, when used within specified concentrations.
However, there can be concerns about potential skin irritation and sensitization, especially if used on damaged or compromised skin.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s are also known to have laxative effects when ingested in high amounts.
Depending on the specific application and industry, the use of CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 and other PEGs may be subject to regulatory guidelines and approvals from relevant authorities such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or the European Medicines Agency (EMA).

CARBOWAX is a brand name for a range of PEG products offered by Dow Chemical Company.
The term "CARBOWAX" is often used interchangeably with "PEG" in certain contexts.

Melting point: 60-64 °C
Boiling point: >200°C/760mmHg
Density: 1.094 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 0.05 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.459
Flash point: 268 °C
storage temp.: -20°C
solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL at 25 °C, clear, colorless
form: semisolid
Specific Gravity: 1.094
color: White to pale yellow
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Slightly miscible with water.
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.06
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases.
InChIKey: XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.800 (est)

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polymer with the chemical formula HO(CH2CH2O)nH.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s properties vary according to its molecular weight, from a colourless and odourless viscous liquid to a waxy solid.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a liquid at room temperature with a molecular weight of 200 to 600, and gradually becomes a semi-solid with a molecular weight above 600, with different properties depending on the average molecular weight.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350, from colourless and odourless viscous liquids to waxy solids.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 as the molecular weight increases, its hygroscopic capacity decreases accordingly.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is soluble in water, ethanol and many other organic solvents.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has a low vapour pressure and is stable to heat, acids and bases.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 does not interact with many chemicals.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has good hygroscopicity, lubricity and bonding properties.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s can be chemically modified to create various derivatives with specific properties.
For example, the addition of fatty acids to CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 molecules can lead to compounds known as PEGylated lipids, which are used in drug delivery systems and as components of lipid-based formulations.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s are widely used in drug delivery systems to improve the delivery of drugs to specific target tissues and to enhance their stability in the bloodstream.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 of drugs can also reduce their immunogenicity, extending their circulation time and potentially improving their therapeutic efficacy.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 hydrogels are crosslinked networks of PEG molecules that can hold a large amount of water.

These hydrogels have applications in tissue engineering, wound healing, and controlled drug release.
Their water-retaining properties make them suitable for maintaining a moist environment on the skin or in wound care.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 nanoparticles are used in gene and RNA delivery.

These nanoparticles protect the genetic material and enhance its cellular uptake, contributing to the development of gene therapy and RNA-based therapies.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in biotechnology and medical fields as cryoprotectants.
They help protect cells and tissues from damage during the freezing and thawing processes, which is crucial in fields like cell preservation and organ transplantation.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as lubricating agents in various medical devices and formulations.
These can reduce friction and improve the glide of medical instruments, catheters, and devices that come into contact with body tissues.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 nanoparticles and micelles are employed in medical imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET).

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can act as adjuvants in vaccines, enhancing the body's immune response to antigens and improving the effectiveness of the vaccine.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used to stabilize proteins during various stages of production, purification, and storage.
This helps prevent protein denaturation and aggregation, maintaining their biological activity.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is commonly used in laboratory research for tasks like protein precipitation, DNA extraction, and the separation of molecules based on their size through techniques like polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 are commonly found in personal care and cosmetic products due to their ability to improve the texture, spreadability, and moisturizing properties of creams, lotions, shampoos, and other products.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as emulsifiers, thickeners, and humectants.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as food additives and processing aids.
They can act as stabilizers in ice creams, prevent crystallization in confectionery products, and improve the texture of baked goods.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is also utilized in food packaging to enhance film-forming properties and reduce water loss from packaged foods.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 find application in the textile industry as sizing agents and lubricants during the manufacturing process.
They can improve the smoothness and manageability of textiles, aiding in the weaving and processing of fabrics.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the paper industry to improve the strength and printing properties of paper.
They can enhance the retention of fillers and fibers, leading to improved paper quality.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 derivatives have been investigated as blood plasma expanders, which are used to increase blood volume in medical situations such as surgeries or trauma when there's a need for temporary volume restoration.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is present in dental products like toothpaste and mouthwash as a means to improve consistency, texture, and moisture retention.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in agriculture as wetting agents and adjuvants for agrochemical formulations.
They help improve the coverage and penetration of pesticides and fertilizers on plant surfaces.

Electrospinning, a technique used in nanofiber production, often involves the use of CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-based polymers to create nanoscale fibers for applications in filtration, tissue engineering, and wound healing.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can act as plasticizers in plastics and polymers, improving flexibility and reducing brittleness.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is sometimes used in chromatography and electrophoresis techniques for separation and analysis of biomolecules.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-based compounds are used in personal lubricants due to their water-retaining properties and lubricating effects.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s themselves are generally considered biocompatible and safe, there have been concerns about their potential impact on aquatic ecosystems due to their persistence and potential to bioaccumulate.

Uses
Methoxypolyethylene glycol 350 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol of with an average molecular mass of 350.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 was used in a study to evaluate the synthesis of a new class of heat sensitive micelles.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 was also used in a study to investigate the synthesis of a new amphiphilic compound.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 35 commonly used in pharmaceuticals as excipients (inactive ingredients) in various formulations.
They can act as solubilizers, stabilizers, and viscosity modifiers in oral solutions, ointments, creams, and other dosage forms.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in cosmetics and personal care products as emollients, humectants, and thickeners.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 help moisturize the skin and improve the texture of products like lotions, creams, and shampoos.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s find applications in industrial processes such as in the manufacturing of adhesives, lubricants, and as antifoaming agents.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is also used in the food industry, particularly in food packaging and processing.

They can act as stabilizers, thickeners, and moisture-retaining agents.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used to improve drug solubility, enhance drug stability, and control drug release in various dosage forms.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 extends the circulation time of therapeutic proteins and drugs, reducing immunogenicity and improving efficacy.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 hydrogels can be used for wound dressings to maintain a moist environment and promote healing.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350nanoparticles are used to deliver genetic material for gene therapy applications.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 nanoparticles enhance imaging contrast and targeted drug delivery in medical imaging techniques.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 hydrogels are employed as scaffolds for tissue regeneration and repair.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s reduce friction and improve lubrication in medical devices and catheters.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s are used in lotions, creams, and moisturizers for their humectant properties.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s improve the texture and feel of cosmetic products, such as skin creams and hair conditioners.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s aid in the formation of foams and improve the spreadability of hair care and cleansing products.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s help disperse sunscreen ingredients evenly and improve water resistance.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s enhance the texture and application of cosmetics like foundations, lipsticks, and eyeliners.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as stabilizers, thickeners, and emulsifiers in processed foods.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is prevent crystallization and improve texture in confectionery products.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s enhance packaging materials' moisture retention properties.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s improve the smoothness and texture of ice cream by reducing ice crystal formation.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s improve dough handling properties and texture in baked goods.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s serve as lubricants in various industries, including manufacturing and machinery.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s improve the adhesive properties of formulations in the adhesive industry.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s enhance textile processing by improving the flexibility and manageability of fabrics.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used to improve paper strength and printability.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 act as wetting agents and adjuvants in agrochemical formulations.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 improve the flexibility of plastics and polymers.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in chromatography and electrophoresis techniques for biomolecule separation.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-based polymers are used in nanofiber production for applications in various industries.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the preservation of cells, tissues, and organs at low temperatures, helping to prevent damage from ice crystal formation.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 used in some electronic devices as dielectric materials, enhancing insulation and preventing electrical leakage.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can act as coalescing agents in paint formulations, aiding in film formation and improving coating properties.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in oil recovery processes to improve the flow of oil in reservoirs and enhance oil extraction.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can serve as lubricants and coolants in metalworking processes such as cutting, drilling, and grinding.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 have been explored as absorbents for carbon capture from industrial processes, helping to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used to attach molecules to biological entities, enabling various research and medical applications.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a key component in the development of nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and diagnostics.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-based hydrogels can respond to environmental stimuli, making them useful in smart materials and drug delivery systems.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-based microfluidic devices are used for precise manipulation of small fluid volumes in lab-on-a-chip applications.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-based materials are explored in 3D printing for their biocompatibility and ability to create complex structures.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in laboratory settings as reaction solvents and reagents in various chemical reactions.

Safety
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can cause skin irritation, especially if used on damaged or compromised skin.
Some individuals might also develop allergic reactions to PEG compounds.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350's advisable to conduct a patch test before applying products containing PEGs to a larger area of skin.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s can be manufactured using various processes that might introduce impurities or contaminants.
While reputable suppliers take measures to ensure the purity of their products, impurities could potentially lead to adverse reactions.
High concentrations of CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s can have laxative effects when ingested orally.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350's important to follow recommended guidelines and avoid excessive ingestion.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-containing products can cause eye irritation if they come into contact with the eyes.
Avoid direct eye contact and rinse thoroughly with water if contact occurs.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s are used in medical devices like catheters, and improper handling or maintenance of such devices can potentially increase the risk of infection.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s, especially those with higher molecular weights, can persist in the environment and contribute to pollution.
The potential environmental impact of CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s should be considered in manufacturing and disposal practices.

Synonyms
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether [NF]
ENK4Y6S66X
6AXS45P1QU
H0S96329MO
UQE3488NAI
89ES36762B
P3R1BUP13I
SUM33ZW82J
77U9H6E11K
3S6PWQ487V
WXH089JZ5E
9004-74-4
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether
UNII-ENK4Y6S66X
MPEG
Methoxy polyethylene glycol 750
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-
Carbowax Sentry Methoxypolyethylene Glycol
Ethylene oxide adduct of diethylene glycol monomethyl ether
Methoxy polyethylene glycol
Monomethoxypolyethylene glycol
Polyethylene glycol methyl ether
Polyethylene glycol, monomethyl ether
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy
Polyethylene glycol 300 methyl ether
Methoxy PEG-100
Methoxy PEG-16
Methoxy PEG-40
PEG-6 Methyl ether
Polyethylene glycol (100) monomethyl ether
Polyethylene glycol (16) monomethyl ether
Polyethylene glycol 2000 monomethyl ether
Polyethylene glycol 500 monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (6) methyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (10) monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (100) monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (16) monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (40) monomethyl ether
Methoxy polyethylene glycol 350
Methoxy polyethylene glycol 550
UNII-89ES36762B
UNII-UQE3488NAI
UNII-6AXS45P1QU
UNII-H0S96329MO
UNII-P3R1BUP13I
UNII-SUM33ZW82J
UNII-77U9H6E11K
UNII-WXH089JZ5E
UNII-3S6PWQ487V
Alpha-methoxy-PEG
Methoxypolyethylene glycol
Monomethoxypolyoxyethylene

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is a polyethylene glycol derivative with a molecular weight around 550.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is part of the Carbowax series, renowned for its versatile applications in various industries.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is a water-soluble polymer, adding to its utility in different formulations.

CAS Number: 9004-74-4
EC Number: 618-394-3

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APPLICATIONS


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 finds extensive use in pharmaceutical formulations, where it acts as a solubilizing and stabilizing agent.
In the cosmetics industry, this polymer contributes to the creation of creams, lotions, and other personal care products, enhancing their texture and consistency.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed as an emulsifier, facilitating the uniform dispersion of oil and water-based components in various formulations.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is utilized as a lubricant in industrial processes, reducing friction and improving the overall efficiency of machinery.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 serves as a wetting agent, aiding in the even spreading and absorption of liquids on solid surfaces.
Its water-solubility makes it suitable for applications where a clear and homogeneous solution is required, such as in the formulation of liquid pharmaceuticals.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is used in the food industry as an ingredient in certain formulations, benefiting from its stability and safety profile.
As a surfactant, it lowers the surface tension of liquids, enhancing wetting, spreading, and foaming properties in various products.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is incorporated into the development of controlled-release formulations, allowing for a gradual and sustained release of active ingredients.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 plays a crucial role in the creation of specialty coatings and films, imparting desired characteristics to the final products.
In medical applications, it demonstrates excellent biocompatibility, making it suitable for use in pharmaceuticals and medical devices.

Its stability under specific conditions makes it valuable in the formulation of chemical and industrial processes, contributing to process efficiency.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed as a component in the development of certain adhesives, enhancing their performance and properties.
As a polymer with a methoxy-terminated structure, it exhibits specific chemical reactivity, influencing its behavior in various reactions.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is utilized in the creation of liquid formulations for electronic cigarettes, contributing to the consistency and quality of the vaping experience.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is found in the development of ink and dye formulations, contributing to the stability and flow characteristics of the products.
Its use in the production of certain pesticides and agrochemicals benefits from its water-solubility and compatibility with other components.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is applied in the synthesis of polymer materials with specific properties, including controlled molecular weight and structure.
In the field of analytical chemistry, it is used as a solvent and diluent for samples, aiding in the analysis of various compounds.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is incorporated into the creation of specialty detergents and cleaning formulations, enhancing their performance in removing dirt and contaminants.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed in the formulation of colorants and pigments, contributing to the vibrancy and stability of the final products.
Its stability and water-solubility make it suitable for use in the creation of water-based paints and coatings.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is utilized in the formulation of certain imaging agents for medical diagnostics, benefiting from its compatibility with biological systems.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is found in the development of certain textile and fabric treatments, enhancing their properties.
Its multifaceted applications make it a valuable component in industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agrochemicals, and materials science.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is utilized in the production of hydraulic fluids, where its lubricating properties contribute to smoother operation in hydraulic systems.
In the formulation of certain veterinary medications, this polymer aids in creating stable and easily administrable pharmaceutical preparations.
The water-soluble nature of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 makes it valuable in the development of water-based drilling fluids for the oil and gas industry.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 plays a role in the creation of stable suspensions and dispersions, making it useful in the formulation of paints, inks, and coatings.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed in the synthesis of specialty polymers for applications such as controlled drug delivery systems.
As a component in the manufacturing of certain adhesive products, it enhances bonding properties and adhesion strength.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 finds application in the creation of photographic chemicals, contributing to the stability of certain solutions and formulations.
In the field of chromatography, Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is used as a stationary phase in gas chromatography columns.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed in the formulation of heat transfer fluids, ensuring efficient heat exchange in various industrial processes.
The stability and compatibility of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 make it suitable for use in the development of cooling and refrigeration fluids.
In the formulation of certain inkjet printing inks, it contributes to the dispersion of pigments and the overall print quality.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is utilized in the creation of mold release agents, facilitating the release of molded products from molds.
Its solubilizing properties make it beneficial in the formulation of certain pesticide concentrates and formulations for agricultural applications.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is used in the production of certain pharmaceutical ointments and creams, contributing to their consistency and spreadability.
In the field of tissue engineering, Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is incorporated into hydrogel formulations for controlled drug release.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is found in the creation of certain electrolyte solutions for use in batteries and energy storage devices.
Its compatibility with various materials makes it suitable for use in the formulation of certain sealants and caulks.
In the manufacturing of certain plastic and rubber products, it acts as a processing aid, improving the flow and moldability of the materials.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed in the development of certain personal lubricants and intimate care products, enhancing their performance.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is used in the creation of certain detergents and cleaning products, contributing to their effectiveness in removing soil and stains.
Its water-solubility and low toxicity make it suitable for use in the formulation of certain medical imaging contrast agents.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is applied in the synthesis of certain specialty surfactants for use in various industrial and consumer applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed in the formulation of certain hydraulic fluids for aircraft, contributing to their stability and performance.

In the creation of certain diagnostic reagents, it is utilized for its compatibility with biological samples and stability in solution.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is found in the formulation of certain flux agents used in soldering applications, aiding in the soldering process.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is a polyethylene glycol derivative with a molecular weight around 550.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is part of the Carbowax series, renowned for its versatile applications in various industries.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is a water-soluble polymer, adding to its utility in different formulations.

With a characteristic methoxy end group, it exhibits distinct chemical properties in reactions and applications.
This PEG 550 variant is known for its stability, making it suitable for use in a range of conditions.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is often employed as an emulsifier, facilitating the mixing of substances that are typically immiscible.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 acts as a lubricant, reducing friction and enhancing the smoothness of certain processes.
Due to its moderate molecular weight, Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 strikes a balance between viscosity and flow characteristics.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is commonly utilized in pharmaceutical formulations for its solubilizing and stabilizing properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 plays a role in the creation of cosmetic and personal care products, contributing to their texture and consistency.

In the food industry, it finds use as an ingredient in certain formulations where its properties are advantageous.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550's water-solubility makes it suitable for applications where a clear and homogenous solution is desired.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed as a wetting agent, aiding in the dispersion of substances in liquid systems.
Its methoxy-terminated structure influences interactions with other molecules, impacting its performance in various applications.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 exhibits excellent biocompatibility, making it suitable for use in medical and pharmaceutical applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is known for its low toxicity, enhancing its safety profile in different formulations.
Its role as a surfactant allows it to reduce the surface tension of liquids, promoting better wetting and spreading properties.
Due to its stable nature, Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is resistant to degradation under certain conditions.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is often incorporated into formulations requiring a controlled release of active ingredients.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed in the development of various chemical and industrial processes, showcasing its versatility.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550's methoxy end group imparts specific chemical reactivity, influencing its behavior in certain reactions.
As a member of the Carbowax family, this polyethylene glycol contributes to the enhancement of product performance in diverse applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is known for its ability to form stable dispersions and solutions in different solvents.

Its utility extends to the creation of specialized coatings and films, where its properties contribute to the desired characteristics.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 remains a valuable component in the toolbox of formulators, researchers, and engineers due to its multifaceted applications.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Molecular Formula: Not provided (specific to the proprietary compound).
Molecular Weight: Not provided (specific to the proprietary compound).
Appearance: Colorless to slightly yellowish liquid or solid (depends on temperature and formulation).
Odor: Typically odorless.
Melting Point/Freezing Point: Varies depending on the specific formulation and temperature conditions.
Boiling Point: Varies depending on the specific formulation and temperature conditions.
Solubility:
Soluble in water.
Miscible with a variety of organic solvents.


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Structure: Polyethylene glycol with a methoxy end group.
Reactivity: Generally stable under normal conditions, chemically inert.
Hygroscopicity: Exhibits some degree of hygroscopicity, absorbing water from the environment.


Functional Group:

Methoxy (O-CH3) End Group: Imparts specific chemical reactivity and influences interactions.


Thermal Properties:

Thermal Stability: Generally stable under normal storage and handling conditions.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
Immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air, away from the source of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550.

Provide Respiratory Support:
If the person has difficulty breathing, administer artificial respiration or use available respiratory support equipment.

Seek Medical Attention:
Contact emergency medical services for further evaluation and treatment.
Provide information about the substance for accurate medical advice.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Quickly and gently remove any contaminated clothing, including shoes, and rinse the affected skin thoroughly.

Flush with Water:
Wash the affected skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring complete rinsing.

Use Mild Soap:
Use a mild soap to cleanse the skin while rinsing, if available.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation, redness, or other symptoms persist, seek medical attention promptly. Provide details about the exposure for appropriate medical advice.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes with Water:
Immediately flush the eyes with a gentle stream of lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. Hold the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If applicable, remove contact lenses during eye irrigation.

Seek Medical Attention:
Obtain prompt medical attention, even if the person feels relief, as further evaluation is essential.


Ingestion:

Do NOT Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical professionals.

Rinse Mouth:
If Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is swallowed, rinse the mouth with water.

Seek Medical Attention:
Contact emergency medical services or a poison control center for guidance and seek medical attention immediately.


General Advice:

Personal Protection:
Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 to prevent exposure.

Medical Attention:
Seek medical attention promptly for any signs of adverse effects, even if they appear minor.

Note to Healthcare Providers:
Provide healthcare providers with information about the substance for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Follow-Up:
Follow any specific first aid instructions provided by healthcare professionals.

Emergency Contacts:
Keep emergency contact numbers readily accessible in case of exposure or emergencies.

Decontamination:
Properly decontaminate clothing and equipment before re-use to prevent further exposure.

Symptom Management:
Manage symptoms as advised by medical professionals, and report any lingering effects.

Monitoring:
Monitor the individual for any delayed or secondary symptoms and seek medical attention if necessary.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat or protective clothing, to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation systems to control airborne concentrations.
Avoid breathing vapors or mists.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid direct skin contact with Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550.
In case of accidental contact, follow recommended first aid measures promptly.

Hygiene Practices:
Implement good personal hygiene practices, including thorough handwashing after handling the substance.

Prevent Inhalation:
Use respiratory protection, such as a mask or respirator, if handling in an area with inadequate ventilation or in situations where airborne exposure is likely.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers with the identity of the substance, hazard information, and appropriate safety instructions.
Follow all labeling regulations and guidelines.

Avoid Mixing:
Avoid mixing Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 with incompatible substances.
Refer to compatibility charts and guidelines to prevent undesirable reactions.

Equipment Inspection:
Regularly inspect and maintain equipment used for handling Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 to ensure proper functioning and prevent leaks.

Spill Response:
Have spill response procedures in place, including the use of absorbent materials and appropriate personal protective equipment.
Clean up spills promptly and dispose of waste properly.

Training:
Provide proper training to personnel handling Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550, including information on potential hazards and proper emergency procedures.
Storage:

Storage Location:
Store Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and incompatible materials.

Temperature Control:
Keep storage temperatures within the recommended range (if specified) to prevent product degradation or separation.

Container Integrity:
Ensure the integrity of storage containers to prevent leaks or spills. Use containers made of compatible materials.

Segregation:
Segregate Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, bases, or oxidizing agents.

Fire Prevention:
Store away from ignition sources and follow fire prevention measures.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is generally non-flammable.

Controlled Access:
Restrict access to the storage area to authorized personnel only.

Emergency Equipment:
Keep emergency equipment, such as spill response kits and fire extinguishers, readily accessible in the storage area.

Documentation:
Maintain proper documentation of storage conditions, including batch numbers, dates, and supplier information.

Regular Inspections:
Conduct regular inspections of storage areas for any signs of damage, leaks, or deterioration.

Secondary Containment:
Use secondary containment measures to prevent spills from reaching the environment.

Storage Height:
Avoid storing Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 at heights where it may pose a falling hazard.
Ensure stability and secure stacking.

Storage Compatibility:
Ensure that storage shelves and containers are compatible with Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 to prevent material degradation.

Temperature Monitoring:

Implement temperature monitoring systems, especially if storage conditions are critical for the stability of the product.
Avoid Overcrowding:

Avoid overcrowding storage areas to facilitate easy access and prevent accidental spills or container damage.
Emergency Procedures:

Ensure that personnel are familiar with emergency procedures in case of spills, leaks, or other incidents.
Waste Disposal:

Dispose of waste materials, such as empty containers, according to local regulations and guidelines.
Transportation Considerations:

Follow appropriate guidelines for transporting Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550, including securing containers and complying with transportation regulations.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is a specific variant of polyethylene glycol (PEG) within the Carbowax series.
The Carbowax series is a range of high-performance polyethylene glycols.
In the context of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750, "750" refers to the average molecular weight of the polymer.

CAS Number: 9004-74-4
EC Number: 618-394-3

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APPLICATIONS


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is commonly used as a solubilizer in pharmaceutical formulations, facilitating the dispersion of active ingredients.
In the cosmetics industry, it is incorporated into the production of creams and lotions, contributing to their smooth texture and spreadability.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 acts as an emulsifier, enabling the creation of stable emulsions in various formulations, such as personal care products and pharmaceuticals.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed as a lubricant in industrial processes, reducing friction and improving the efficiency of machinery.
Its water-soluble nature makes it suitable for use in the formulation of clear and homogeneous solutions in liquid pharmaceuticals.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 finds application in the creation of controlled-release formulations, allowing for a gradual and sustained release of active substances.

In the food industry, it is utilized as an ingredient in certain formulations, benefiting from its stability and safety profile.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 acts as a wetting agent, aiding in the even spreading and absorption of liquids on solid surfaces.

As a surfactant, it lowers the surface tension of liquids, enhancing wetting, spreading, and foaming properties in various products.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the development of specialty coatings and films, imparting specific characteristics to the final products.

In medical applications, its biocompatibility makes it suitable for use in pharmaceuticals and medical devices.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the formulation of certain adhesives, enhancing their performance and properties.

The methoxy-terminated structure of the polymer influences its chemical reactivity, making it valuable in various reactions.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is found in the formulation of liquid solutions for electronic cigarettes, contributing to the consistency and quality of the vaping experience.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the development of ink and dye formulations, contributing to the stability and flow characteristics of the products.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is applied in the synthesis of polymer materials with specific properties, including controlled molecular weight and structure.
In analytical chemistry, it is used as a solvent and diluent for samples, aiding in the analysis of various compounds.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is incorporated into the creation of specialty detergents and cleaning formulations, enhancing their performance in removing dirt and contaminants.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the formulation of colorants and pigments, contributing to the vibrancy and stability of the final products.
Its stability and water-solubility make it suitable for use in the creation of water-based paints and coatings.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is found in the formulation of certain imaging agents for medical diagnostics, benefiting from its compatibility with biological systems.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the development of certain textile and fabric treatments, enhancing their properties.
Its multifaceted applications make it a valuable component in industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agrochemicals, and materials science.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the production of hydraulic fluids, contributing to smoother operation in hydraulic systems.
In veterinary medications, it aids in creating stable and easily administrable pharmaceutical preparations for animals.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the formulation of water-based drilling fluids for the oil and gas industry, where its water solubility is advantageous.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 plays a crucial role in the creation of stable suspensions and dispersions, making it valuable in the formulation of paints, inks, and coatings.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the synthesis of specialty polymers, particularly in the development of controlled drug delivery systems.
As a component in certain adhesive products, it enhances bonding properties and adhesion strength, making it valuable in bonding applications.

The stability of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 finds application in the creation of photographic chemicals, contributing to the stability of solutions.
In gas chromatography, it is used as a stationary phase, demonstrating its utility in analytical chemistry applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is found in the formulation of heat transfer fluids, ensuring efficient heat exchange in various industrial processes.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the creation of cooling and refrigeration fluids, contributing to the stability and efficiency of these systems.
In the formulation of certain inkjet printing inks, it contributes to the dispersion of pigments, improving print quality.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the creation of mold release agents, facilitating the release of molded products from molds in manufacturing processes.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is applied in the synthesis of specialty surfactants for use in various industrial and consumer applications.
In the field of chromatography, it is used as a mobile phase additive, influencing separation characteristics in liquid chromatography.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is found in certain electrolyte solutions for batteries and energy storage devices, contributing to their performance.
Its compatibility with various materials makes it suitable for use in the formulation of sealants and caulks, enhancing their properties.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is used in the creation of certain pharmaceutical ointments and creams, contributing to their consistency and spreadability.
In tissue engineering, it is incorporated into hydrogel formulations for controlled drug release and tissue regeneration.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the formulation of personal lubricants and intimate care products, enhancing their lubricating properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is applied in the development of certain agricultural formulations, including pesticide concentrates.

Its water solubility and low toxicity make it suitable for use in medical imaging contrast agents, where compatibility with biological systems is essential.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the creation of certain diagnostic reagents, contributing to stability and compatibility with biological samples.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is found in the formulation of certain flux agents used in soldering applications, aiding in the soldering process.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the creation of certain hydraulic fluids for aircraft, contributing to their stability and performance.
In the manufacturing of plastic and rubber products, it acts as a processing aid, improving flow and moldability.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the formulation of certain detergents and cleaning products, enhancing their effectiveness.
Its multifunctional properties make it valuable in various applications, ranging from industrial processes to pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 finds application in the formulation of high-performance adhesives, enhancing their bonding strength and durability.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is used in the development of heat-resistant lubricants for machinery operating under elevated temperatures.

In the textile industry, the polymer is incorporated into fabric softeners, contributing to the soft feel of textiles and reducing static electricity.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the creation of specialty inks for flexographic and gravure printing, ensuring precise and consistent printing quality.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the synthesis of specialty coatings for medical devices, providing a biocompatible and protective layer.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 plays a role in the production of certain biodegradable plastics, contributing to the sustainability of plastic materials.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is applied in the formulation of certain liquid detergents, enhancing their solubilizing and dispersing properties.
In the oil and gas industry, it is used in the creation of drilling muds to stabilize and lubricate the drilling process.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is incorporated into the formulation of certain veterinary medications, ensuring precise dosage and administration.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 finds application in the creation of specialty waxes used in the molding and casting of intricate shapes in various industries.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the development of specialty inks for screen printing, contributing to the adhesion and durability of printed materials.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the production of certain corrosion inhibitors, protecting metal surfaces from degradation in harsh environments.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is used as a plasticizer in the manufacturing of certain flexible plastics, improving their flexibility and resilience.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is applied in the formulation of certain antifoaming agents, controlling foam in various industrial processes.
In the creation of specialty films for packaging, the polymer contributes to the film's flexibility, transparency, and barrier properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 finds application in the development of certain inkjet printing fluids for wide-format printers, ensuring optimal performance.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the formulation of certain crop protection products, enhancing the stability and efficacy of agrochemicals.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the creation of specialty coatings for medical implants, providing a biocompatible surface.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 plays a role in the formulation of certain metalworking fluids, improving lubrication and cooling during machining processes.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is applied in the development of specialty gels for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, providing a stable and smooth texture.
In the production of specialty ceramics, the polymer is used as a binder, facilitating the shaping and firing of ceramic materials.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 finds application in the formulation of certain anti-fogging agents for use in eyewear, camera lenses, and optical devices.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is incorporated into the creation of certain polymer electrolyte membranes used in fuel cells.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the development of certain corrosion-resistant coatings for metal surfaces in marine and industrial environments.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the formulation of certain sealants for construction applications, providing durability and weather resistance.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is a specific variant of polyethylene glycol (PEG) within the Carbowax series.
The Carbowax series is a range of high-performance polyethylene glycols.
In the context of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750, "750" refers to the average molecular weight of the polymer.

Polyethylene glycols are polymeric compounds composed of repeating units of ethylene oxide. They are known for their versatility, water solubility, and non-toxic nature.
The "Methoxypolyethylene Glycol" part indicates that the polymer has been modified with methoxy (O-CH3) end groups, influencing its chemical and physical properties.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is a polyethylene glycol derivative with a molecular weight around 750.
This specific variant of polyethylene glycol is part of the Carbowax series known for its diverse applications.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 features a methoxy end group, influencing its chemical characteristics.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is often utilized as a solubilizer, finding applications in pharmaceutical formulations.

With a moderate molecular weight, Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 balances viscosity and functionality.
Its methoxy-terminated structure imparts specific chemical reactivity in various applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 serves as an emulsifier, aiding in the dispersion of immiscible substances in formulations.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 acts as a lubricant, reducing friction and enhancing process efficiency.
In the cosmetics industry, it contributes to the creation of creams and lotions, improving texture and consistency.
Its water-soluble nature makes it suitable for applications requiring clear and homogenous solutions.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 plays a role in the formulation of certain personal care products, enhancing their performance.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is known for its stability, making it valuable in various industries.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is commonly employed as a wetting agent, aiding in the dispersion of substances in liquid systems.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750's low toxicity enhances its safety profile in different formulations.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in controlled-release formulations for gradual substance release.
Its biocompatibility makes it suitable for use in medical and pharmaceutical applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750's surfactant properties reduce surface tension in liquids, improving wetting characteristics.
In the food industry, it may be used as an ingredient in formulations where its properties are beneficial.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is often employed in the creation of specialty coatings and films.
Due to its stable nature, it is resistant to degradation under specific conditions.
The methoxy end group influences the polymer's behavior in various chemical and industrial processes.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 contributes to the enhancement of product performance in diverse applications.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is valued for its ability to form stable dispersions and solutions in different solvents.
Its utility extends to the development of certain adhesives, enhancing bonding properties.
As a member of the Carbowax family, this polyethylene glycol variant showcases versatility across industries.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Name: Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750
Synonyms: Polyethylene glycol 750, MPEG 750, Methoxypolyethylene glycol 750, Methoxy PEG 750, PEG 750, Macrogol 750
CAS Number: (The specific CAS number may vary based on the manufacturer's formulation.)
EC Number: (The specific EC number may vary based on the manufacturer's formulation.)
Molecular Weight: Approximately 750 g/mol
Chemical Formula: Variable due to polymeric nature; typically represented as H(OCH3)CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH
Appearance: Clear to slightly turbid liquid
Color: Colorless to pale yellow
Odor: Mild, characteristic odor
Solubility: Highly soluble in water and miscible with a wide range of solvents
Melting Point/Freezing Point: Typically ranges between -10°C to -5°C
Boiling Point: Variable, depending on specific formulation
Density: Approximately 1.05 g/cm³
pH: Neutral (pH around 7 in water)
Viscosity: Variable based on temperature and concentration
Flash Point: Non-flammable
Vapor Pressure: Low
Surface Tension: Influenced by concentration and temperature
Refractive Index: Typically around 1.46
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture from the air
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions; may undergo chemical changes under extreme conditions
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of materials; may vary based on specific applications
Biodegradability: Generally considered biodegradable
Toxicity: Low toxicity; considered safe for various applications
Flammability: Non-flammable



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If inhaled, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air.

Seek Medical Attention:
If respiratory irritation or distress persists, seek medical attention promptly.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Remove contaminated clothing and footwear immediately.

Wash Skin Thoroughly:
Wash the affected skin area with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation, redness, or other adverse reactions occur, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
Immediately flush the eyes with gentle, flowing water for at least 15 minutes.
Hold eyelids open during rinsing.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If applicable, remove contact lenses after the initial flushing and continue rinsing.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation, redness, or pain persists after thorough flushing.


Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.

Rinse Mouth:
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention. Do not delay, especially if a large quantity has been ingested.


General First Aid:

Remove from Exposure:
Remove the affected person from exposure to Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750.

Provide Comfort:
Keep the affected person comfortable and at rest.

Treat Symptoms:
Treat symptoms and seek medical attention as necessary.


Notes to Medical Personnel:

Specific Treatment:
There is no specific antidote.
Treat symptomatically.

Inhalation:
Provide respiratory support if breathing difficulties occur.

Skin Contact:
Treat skin irritation or chemical burns according to standard protocols.

Eye Contact:
If eye irritation persists, consider ophthalmic consultation.

Ingestion:
If a significant amount is ingested, consider gastrointestinal decontamination under medical supervision.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing, to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation exposure.
If handling in an enclosed space, ensure adequate local exhaust ventilation.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid direct skin and eye contact.
In case of contact, follow recommended first aid measures.

Prevent Ingestion:
Avoid ingestion.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the substance.

Hygiene Practices:
Practice good personal hygiene, including thorough handwashing, after handling the substance.

Avoid Inhalation of Vapors:
Avoid inhaling vapors or mists.
If working with heated or atomized forms, use appropriate respiratory protection.

Static Electricity:
Take precautions to prevent the buildup of static electricity.
Use bonding and grounding devices when transferring the substance.

Equipment Compatibility:
Use equipment made of materials compatible with Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750.
Check for compatibility with containers and handling apparatus.


Storage:

Store in Cool, Dry Place:
Store Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources.

Avoid Extreme Temperatures:
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.
Do not allow the substance to freeze.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation in storage areas to prevent the buildup of vapors.

Keep Containers Tightly Closed:
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation.

Separate from Incompatible Substances:
Store away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizing agents and strong acids.

Prevent Cross-Contamination:
Clearly label containers and ensure proper segregation to prevent cross-contamination with other substances.

Storage Containers:
Use appropriate storage containers made of materials compatible with Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750.

Static Electricity:
Ground storage and handling equipment to prevent the buildup of static electricity.

Bulk Storage:
If stored in bulk, use suitable containment systems to prevent spills and facilitate easy cleanup.

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 that provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and with slightly more hydrophobic solvent properties.
For use in soaps and detergents, adhesives, chemical Intermediates, inks and dye carrier, lubricants, and plasticizer​​​.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is PEG-6 methyl ether-based plasticizer.

CAS: 9004-74-4
MF: C5H12O3
MW: 120.14698
EINECS: 618-394-3

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 maintains wet-tack strength and possesses lubricity and humectant properties.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is used in pressure-sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is a PEG linker containing a hydroxyl group.
The hydroxyl group enables further derivatization or replacement with other reactive functional groups.
The hydrophilic CARBOWAX MPEG 350 spacer increases solubility in aqueous media.
A poly(ethylene glycol) terminated with a methyl group at one end.

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of methyl ether.
Etherification of the PEG chain ends can be undertaken in basic conditions by reacting CARBOWAX MPEG 350 with alkyl halides.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 can undergo cross linking to form hydrogels; polymerization can be initiated by redox reaction or free radical initiator.

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is a monomethylated polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of approximately 2,400 Da.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 has a hydrophobic character and is soluble in organic solvents.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 can be used as an additive in pharmaceutical formulations to improve stability, solubility, and drug absorption.
The ionisation mass of CARBOWAX MPEG 350 was determined by electrospray ionisation (ESI) and spectrometric methods.
The hydrophilic character of CARBOWAX MPEG 350 was confirmed by its ability to form emulsions when combined with water extracts.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 also had a mass spectrometric method that included methoxy and ethylene in the spectrum.

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is a derivative of polyethylene glycol, soluble in water, ethanol and most highly polar organic solvents, compared with glycerol, CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is not easy to volatilize, has stable chemical properties, is not easy to be hydrolyzed and destroyed, and has strong hydrophilicity.
Vapor pressure, thermal stability, in the textile printing and dyeing industry and the daily chemical industry as a thickener, lubricant.
In the building materials industry, CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is used as the raw material of cement water reducing agent and reinforcing agent.
The polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer synthesized by using the raw material has strong cement particle dispersion retention ability, so that CARBOWAX MPEG 350 has low dosage, high water reduction rate, good enhancement effect, durability, no corrosion of steel and environmental friendly and other advantages.
Can be applied in the field of mixing and long-distance transportation of high performance, high strength (C60 or more) of the goods in the concrete.

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 60-64 °C
Boiling point: >200°C/760mmHg
Density: 1.094 g/mL at 25 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.05 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.459
Fp: 268 °C
Storage temp.: -20°C
Solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL at 25 °C, clear, colorless
Form: semisolid
Color: White to pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.094
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Slightly miscible with water.
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.06
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases.
InChIKey: XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.800 (est)
EPA Substance Registry System: CARBOWAX MPEG 350 (9004-74-4)

Uses
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 of with an average molecular mass of 350.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is a polymer of ethylene oxide hydrolysate, which is non-toxic and non-irritating, and is widely used in various pharmaceutical preparations.
Low molecular weight CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is relatively toxic, and the toxicity of diols is relatively low.
Topical application of CARBOWAX MPEG 350, particularly Mucosal administration, can cause irritant pain.
In the external lotion, this product can increase the flexibility of the skin, and has a similar moisturizing effect with glycerin.
High-dose oral CARBOWAX MPEG 350 can appear Diarrhea.
In the injection, the maximum concentration of CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is about 30%(V/V), and the concentration of more than 40%(V/V) can appear hemolysis.

Synonyms
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 750 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 5000 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 550 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 350 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 1900 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
METHOXY POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 750
Methoxypolyethylene glycols

CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is methoxy PEG-10-based plasticizer.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 possesses lubricity & humectant properties and maintains wet-tack strength.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.

CAS: 9004-74-4
MF: C5H12O3
MW: 120.14698
EINECS: 618-394-3

CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is a monomethylated polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of approximately 2,400 Da.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 has a hydrophobic character and is soluble in organic solvents.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 can be used as an additive in pharmaceutical formulations to improve stability, solubility, and drug absorption.
The ionisation mass of CARBOWAX MPEG 550 was determined by electrospray ionisation (ESI) and spectrometric methods.
The hydrophilic character of CARBOWAX MPEG 550 was confirmed by its ability to form emulsions when combined with water extracts.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 also had a mass spectrometric method that included methoxy and ethylene in the spectrum.

CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of methyl ether.
Etherification of the PEG chain ends can be undertaken in basic conditions by reacting CARBOWAX MPEG 550 with alkyl halides.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 can undergo cross linking to form hydrogels; polymerization can be initiated by redox reaction or free radical initiator.
A poly(ethylene glycol) terminated with a methyl group at one end.

CARBOWAX MPEG 550 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 60-64 °C
Boiling point: >200°C/760mmHg
Density: 1.094 g/mL at 25 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.05 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.459
Fp: 268 °C
Storage temp.: -20°C
Solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL at 25 °C, clear, colorless
Form: semisolid
Color: White to pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.094
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Slightly miscible with water.
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.06
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases.
InChIKey: XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.800 (est)
EPA Substance Registry System: CARBOWAX MPEG 550 (9004-74-4)

Applications
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 of with an average molecular mass of 350.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.

CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is a polymer of ethylene oxide hydrolysate.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is non-toxic and non-irritating and is widely used in various pharmaceutical preparations.
Low-molecular-weight CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is relatively more toxic.
Taken together, glycols have relatively low toxicity.
Topical application of CARBOWAX MPEG 550, especially mucosal administration, can cause irritation and pain.
In the topical lotion, CARBOWAX MPEG 550 can increase the flexibility of the skin and has a moisturizing effect similar to glycerin.
High-dose oral CARBOWAX MPEG 550 can cause diarrhea.
In injections, the maximum concentration of CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is about 30% (V/V), and hemolysis may occur if the concentration is greater than 40% (V/V).

CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is used as enteric release coatings.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is also used for a series of polycarboxylate water reducing agent.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 acts as a solvent for brake fluids.
Further, CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is used in the building materials industry and raw material for cement water reducing agent and strengthening agent.
In addition to this, CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is used in surfactants, polyester and polyurethane based paints.

Synonyms
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 750 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 5000 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 550 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 350 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 1900 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
METHOXY POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 750
Methoxypolyethylene glycols

CARBOWAX MPEG 750 is methoxy PEG-16-based plasticizer.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 possesses lubricity and humectant properties.

CAS: 9004-74-4
MF: C5H12O3
MW: 120.14698
EINECS: 618-394-3

CARBOWAX MPEG 750 maintains wet-tack strength.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 is a PEG linker containing a hydroxyl group.
The hydroxyl group enables further derivatization or replacement with other reactive functional groups.
The hydrophilic CARBOWAX MPEG 750 spacer increases solubility in aqueous media.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 is a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of methyl ether.
Etherification of the CARBOWAX MPEG 750 chain ends can be undertaken in basic conditions by reacting it with alkyl halides.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 can undergo cross linking to form hydrogels; polymerization can be initiated by redox reaction or free radical initiator.

CARBOWAX MPEG 750 is a monomethylated polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of approximately 2,400 Da.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 has a hydrophobic character and is soluble in organic solvents.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 can be used as an additive in pharmaceutical formulations to improve stability, solubility, and drug absorption.
The ionisation mass of CARBOWAX MPEG 750 was determined by electrospray ionisation (ESI) and spectrometric methods.
The hydrophilic character of CARBOWAX MPEG 750 was confirmed by its ability to form emulsions when combined with water extracts.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 also had a mass spectrometric method that included methoxy and ethylene in the spectrum.

CARBOWAX MPEG 750 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 60-64 °C
Boiling point: >200°C/760mmHg
Density: 1.094 g/mL at 25 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.05 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.459
Fp: 268 °C
Storage temp.: -20°C
Solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL at 25 °C, clear, colorless
Form: semisolid
Color: White to pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.094
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Slightly miscible with water.
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.06
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases.
InChIKey: XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.800 (est)
EPA Substance Registry System: CARBOWAX MPEG 750 (9004-74-4)

Uses
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 of with an average molecular mass of 350.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.

Synonyms
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 750 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 5000 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 550 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 350 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 1900 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
METHOXY POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 750
Methoxypolyethylene glycols
Methoxy PEG-16
89ES36762B
CARBOWAX MPEG 750
MPEG-16
PEG-16 METHYL ETHER
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER (MW 750)

Carbowax PEG 1000, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 1000, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 1000 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 1000 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is a waxy, solid substance at room temperature, and it is commonly used in various industries for its solubilizing, emulsifying, and lubricating properties.

CAS number: 25322-68-3
EC number: 500-038-2



APPLICATIONS


Carbowax PEG 1000 is commonly used as a solubilizer in pharmaceutical formulations, enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as an emollient and thickening agent in cosmetics and personal care products, providing moisturizing and conditioning effects.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a binder and lubricant in tablet formulations, aiding in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical tablets.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a plasticizer in the formulation of adhesives, improving flexibility and workability.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a dispersing agent in textile auxiliaries, aiding in the dispersion and stability of dyes and pigments.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is employed as a lubricant in industrial processes, reducing friction and improving material flow.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a solubilizer and emulsifier in food products, improving the stability and texture of formulations.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a thickening agent and stabilizer in dairy products, contributing to their smooth and creamy texture.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a plasticizer in the formulation of coatings, improving flexibility and adhesion.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a viscosity modifier in various applications, improving flow properties and stability.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is employed as a lubricant and release agent in the production of rubber and plastic products.

Carbowax PEG 1000 finds use in the formulation of printing inks, aiding in the dispersion and flow of pigments.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a humectant in the formulation of cosmetic products, helping to retain moisture in the skin.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a base material in the formulation of suppositories, aiding in their smooth insertion and dissolution.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a dispersing agent in ceramic processing, aiding in the uniform distribution of ceramic materials.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application in the formulation of paint strippers, assisting in the removal of paint coatings.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of liquid detergents and cleaning products, aiding in the solubilization and dispersion of ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is employed as a plasticizer in the production of polyurethane foams, improving their flexibility and resilience.

Carbowax PEG 1000 finds use in the formulation of industrial adhesives, enhancing their workability and bond strength.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a humectant and thickening agent in hair care products, providing moisture and texture enhancement.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of defoamers, aiding in the prevention of foam formation in various processes.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a lubricant and release agent in the production of molded plastics and rubber products.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is employed in the formulation of inkjet printer inks, aiding in the dispersion and stability of colorants.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds use as a moisture barrier in the preservation of sensitive electronic components.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a plasticizer and binder in the production of ceramic bodies and refractory materials.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a dispersing agent in ceramic glaze formulations, aiding in the even distribution of glaze materials and improving their adhesion to ceramic surfaces.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a lubricant and release agent in the production of molded rubber products, facilitating the demolding process and improving surface finish.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a plasticizer in the formulation of plastisols, enhancing their flexibility and workability.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a solvent and carrier for active ingredients in the formulation of topical gels and creams.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a base material in the production of solid dispersions, improving the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a moisture barrier coating in the packaging of sensitive electronic components, protecting them from moisture-related damage.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of cold creams and lotions, providing emollient and skin-softening properties.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a plasticizer and lubricant in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products, enhancing their flexibility and processability.

Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a defoaming agent in various industrial processes, helping to eliminate or control foam formation.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of water-based inks, providing improved pigment dispersion and print quality.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a stabilizer and emulsifier in the formulation of flavor emulsions and food additives.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized in the formulation of ceramic pastes and slurries, aiding in their rheological properties and enabling precise shaping and forming.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds use as a lubricating agent in the production of metalworking fluids, improving machining performance and surface finish.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a dispersant and suspension agent in the formulation of ceramic glazes and suspensions, ensuring uniform distribution of particles.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of adhesive removers, aiding in the removal of adhesive residues from various surfaces.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a binder in the production of solid oral dosage forms, providing cohesive strength and tablet integrity.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a plasticizer and moisture barrier in the production of starch-based packaging materials, improving their flexibility and shelf life.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized in the formulation of heat transfer fluids, providing efficient thermal conductivity and freeze/thaw protection.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a viscosity modifier in the formulation of paints and coatings, enhancing their flow properties and film formation.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a suspending agent in pharmaceutical suspensions, ensuring uniform distribution of particles and preventing sedimentation.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of printing pastes for textile applications, improving pigment dispersion and colorfastness.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a plasticizer in the production of synthetic leather, enhancing its flexibility and softness.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a lubricant and mold release agent in the production of polymeric materials, improving their processability and surface quality.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized in the formulation of veterinary preparations, aiding in the solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a plasticizer and binder in the production of solid rocket propellants, providing improved mechanical properties and burn characteristics.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a lubricant in the production of wire and cable coatings, reducing friction and improving electrical conductivity.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a plasticizer in the formulation of polymeric film coatings, enhancing their flexibility and adhesion to substrates.

Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a binder and stabilizer in the production of ceramic fibers and composites, improving their strength and durability.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized in the formulation of inkjet printer inks, aiding in the dispersion of colorants and ensuring high-quality prints.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a release agent in the production of molded plastics, facilitating the easy removal of plastic parts from molds.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a viscosity modifier in the formulation of drilling fluids, improving their flow properties and lubrication.

Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a plasticizer in the production of polymeric sealants and caulks, enhancing their flexibility and adhesion.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a humectant in the formulation of skincare products, helping to retain moisture and prevent dryness.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a solubilizer in the formulation of veterinary medicines, aiding in the dispersion and bioavailability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of textile softeners, providing a soft and smooth feel to fabrics.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a lubricant and release agent in the production of rubber molds and gaskets, facilitating demolding and improving surface finish.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a dispersing agent in ceramic pigment formulations, ensuring uniform color distribution and vibrant shades.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a plasticizer in the production of polymeric adhesives, improving flexibility and adhesive properties.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a carrier for fragrances in the formulation of air fresheners and scented products.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a mold release agent in the production of polyurethane foams, enabling easy removal of foamed products.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a solubilizer in the formulation of dye solutions for textile dyeing and printing.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a lubricant in the production of ceramic cutting tools, reducing friction and improving tool life.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a plasticizer and binder in the production of castable polyurethane elastomers, improving their flexibility and strength.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a lubricant in the formulation of metalworking compounds, improving cutting performance and tool life.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a solubilizer and emulsifier in the formulation of flavor and fragrance concentrates.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a dispersing agent in the formulation of ceramic suspensions for 3D printing applications.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a plasticizer in the production of polymeric membranes for water filtration systems, enhancing their flexibility and permeability.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a binder and stabilizer in the production of ceramic catalyst supports, improving their mechanical strength and surface area.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a suspending agent in the formulation of agricultural pesticide suspensions, preventing settling and ensuring uniform application.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a lubricant and coolant in metalworking processes such as grinding and cutting, reducing heat and improving surface finish.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax PEG 1000, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 1000, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 1000 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 1000 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is a waxy, solid substance at room temperature, and it is commonly used in various industries for its solubilizing, emulsifying, and lubricating properties.

Carbowax PEG 1000 finds applications in pharmaceuticals as a solubilizer and emulsifier.
Carbowax PEG 1000 enhances the solubility and stability of active ingredients in various formulations, including oral solutions, suspensions, and topical preparations.
Carbowax PEG 1000 also serves as a lubricant and binder in tablet formulations.

In the cosmetics and personal care industry, Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as an emollient and thickening agent.
Carbowax PEG 1000 provides moisturizing and conditioning effects in products such as creams, lotions, and hair care formulations.

Furthermore, Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized in industrial applications as a lubricant, plasticizer, and dispersing agent.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds use in the formulation of adhesives, coatings, and textile auxiliaries.
Its properties allow for improved flow, workability, and dispersion of substances.

In addition, Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the food industry as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and thickening agent.
Carbowax PEG 1000 aids in the formulation of food products such as baked goods, confectionery, and dairy products.
Overall, Carbowax PEG 1000 is a versatile compound with a range of applications, primarily in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, industrial processes, and the food industry.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C2nH4n+2On+1, where n is typically in the range of 44 to 45.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 1000 g/mol.
Physical State: Solid waxy substance at room temperature.
Color: Colorless to white.
Odor: Odorless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water, ethanol, and many organic solvents.
Melting Point: Approximately 35 - 40 °C (95 - 104 °F).
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling.
Flash Point: Not applicable (solid substance).
Density: Approximately 1.08 - 1.09 g/cm³ at 20 °C (68 °F).
pH: Neutral (approximately 6 - 7).
Vapor Pressure: Negligible.
Vapor Density: Not applicable (solid substance).
Hygroscopicity: Exhibits hygroscopic properties, attracting and retaining moisture.
Solvent Power: Demonstrates excellent solvent power for a wide range of substances.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of organic solvents and many substances.
Stability: Exhibits good stability under normal temperature and pressure conditions.
Toxicity: Considered low toxicity and safe for various applications.
Skin Absorption: Can be absorbed through the skin.
Evaporation Rate: Negligible.
Surface Tension: Approximately 34 - 37 mN/m at 20 °C (68 °F).
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.46 - 1.47 at 20 °C (68 °F).
Dielectric Constant: Approximately 19 at 20 °C (68 °F).
Heat Capacity: Approximately 2.2 - 2.4 J/g·°C.
pH Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of pH levels.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Carbowax PEG 1000 dust or aerosol is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek medical attention and provide artificial respiration if necessary.
Administer oxygen if the person is experiencing severe respiratory distress.
Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, or wheezing occur.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and immediately wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water.
Rinse thoroughly to ensure complete removal of the substance.
If irritation or redness develops, apply a soothing cream or lotion to alleviate discomfort.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists or if there are signs of more severe skin reactions such as rash or burns.


Eye Contact:

In the event of eye contact with Carbowax PEG 1000, flush the eyes gently with clean, running water for at least 15 minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do so, but do not force their removal.
Seek immediate medical attention, ensuring to provide information about the substance and its exposure.


Ingestion:

If Carbowax PEG 1000 is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical professionals.
Rinse the mouth with water and give the affected person small sips of water to drink.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide information about the substance and its ingestion.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing when handling Carbowax PEG 1000 to avoid skin and eye contact.
Avoid inhalation of dust or aerosols.
If handling in dusty conditions, use respiratory protection such as a dust mask.
Handle the substance in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.

Avoid contact with open flames, sparks, or other potential ignition sources, as Carbowax PEG 1000 is combustible.
Prevent the substance from coming into contact with strong oxidizing agents, which could cause hazardous reactions.
Use appropriate handling tools and equipment to minimize the generation of dust or aerosols during transfer or processing.
Practice good industrial hygiene by washing hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling Carbowax PEG 1000.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the substance to prevent accidental ingestion.


Storage:

Store Carbowax PEG 1000 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Keep the substance in tightly sealed containers to prevent contamination and to preserve its properties.
Ensure proper labeling of containers with the substance name, batch number, and any relevant safety information.
Store Carbowax PEG 1000 away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents and reactive chemicals.
Separate Carbowax PEG 1000 from food, beverages, and feed to avoid accidental contamination.
Follow any specific storage temperature recommendations provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or manufacturer's instructions.

Avoid storing Carbowax PEG 1000 in areas prone to moisture or humidity to prevent clumping or degradation.
Keep the substance out of reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Implement appropriate measures to prevent spills, leaks, or accidental releases during storage.
Provide suitable containment, such as bunds or secondary containers, in case of container damage or leakage.
Store Carbowax PEG 1000 in a dedicated storage area, separate from incompatible materials and hazardous substances.
Regularly inspect containers for integrity and check for any signs of deterioration or damage.
Have appropriate spill response materials and equipment readily available in case of accidental spills or leaks.
Follow local regulations and guidelines for the proper disposal of empty containers and waste generated from Carbowax PEG 1000.



SYNONYMS


Polyethylene Glycol 1000
PEG 1000
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 1000
Polyethylene oxide 1000
Macrogol 1000
Carbowax 1000
Polyglycol 1000
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 1000
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 1000
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 1000
PEG 1000 monomethyl ether
PEG 1000 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 1000 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 1000
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 1000
Carbowax MPEG 1000
Carbowax mPEG 1000
Carbowax PM1000
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 1000
Polyethylene glycol 1000 monostearate
PEG 1000 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 1000
PEG stearate 1000
Polyethylene Glycol 1000
PEG 1000
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 1000
Polyethylene oxide 1000
Macrogol 1000
Carbowax 1000
Polyglycol 1000
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 1000
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 1000
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 1000
PEG 1000 monomethyl ether
PEG 1000 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 1000 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 1000
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 1000
Carbowax MPEG 1000
Carbowax mPEG 1000
Carbowax PM1000
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 1000
Polyethylene glycol 1000 monostearate
PEG 1000 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 1000
PEG stearate 1000
Polyethylene glycol ether 1000
PEG ether 1000
Polyethylene glycol derivative 1000
PEG derivative 1000
Carbowax PEG MW 1000
PEG 1000 monomethylether
Polyethylene oxide monomethyl ether 1000
PEG 1000 methoxypolyethylene glycol
Carbowax PEG 10000
PEG 1000 polyethylene glycol
Carbowax Polyglycol 1000
Carbowax MPEG 10000
Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1000
PEG 1000 monobutyl ether
Carbowax Butyl PEG 1000

Carbowax PEG 1450 is a solid, waxy substance with a molecular weight of approximately 1450 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is a polyether compound with excellent solubility in water and many organic solvents.
Carbowax PEG 1450 has a white to off-white color and is odorless.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is a non-toxic and non-irritating substance, making it suitable for various applications.

CAS number: 25322-68-3
EC number: 500-038-2



APPLICATIONS


Carbowax PEG 1450 is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry as a solubilizing agent for poorly water-soluble drugs.
Carbowax PEG 1450 enhances the solubility and bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in oral and parenteral formulations.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as an emulsifier in pharmaceutical creams, ointments, and gels, aiding in the dispersion of oil and water phases.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized as a binder in tablet formulations, providing cohesiveness and tablet integrity.

Carbowax PEG 1450 acts as a thickening agent in topical formulations, contributing to their viscosity and spreadability.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in controlled-release drug delivery systems, helping to modulate the release of drugs over time.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a stabilizer in liquid and semisolid formulations, preventing phase separation and improving product stability.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of suppositories, aiding in their softening and easy insertion.
Carbowax PEG 1450 acts as a wetting agent in pharmaceutical suspensions, ensuring uniform distribution of particles and preventing settling.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed as a plasticizer in the formulation of transdermal patches, enhancing their flexibility and adhesion.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a carrier for active ingredients in topical and dermal drug delivery systems.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of oral solutions and suspensions, improving the palatability and solubility of drugs.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a humectant in cosmetic and personal care products, providing moisture retention properties.

Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in hair care products such as shampoos and conditioners, imparting a smooth and soft texture.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the formulation of creams, lotions, and moisturizers, delivering hydration and skin conditioning benefits.

Carbowax PEG 1450 acts as a dispersing agent in cosmetic colorants and pigments, ensuring uniform dispersion and vibrant color expression.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed as a lubricant in personal lubricants and intimate care products.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a solubilizer and emulsifier in cosmetic and fragrance formulations, aiding in the dispersion of oils and other hydrophobic ingredients.

Carbowax PEG 1450 finds use in the formulation of ophthalmic solutions and suspensions, improving the solubility and stability of ophthalmic drugs.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the production of mold-release agents for the manufacturing of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
Carbowax PEG 1450 acts as a thickening agent in dental formulations such as toothpaste and mouthwash, providing viscosity and texture enhancement.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of veterinary products, aiding in the solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as an ingredient in wound healing and skincare products, contributing to their moisturizing and healing properties.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the formulation of rectal suppositories, aiding in their softening and controlled release.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed in compounding pharmacies for customized formulations of medications and personal care products.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used as a stabilizer and dispersing agent in the formulation of food and beverage products.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of food emulsions, improving the stability and texture of the final product.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed as a thickening agent in food products such as sauces, dressings, and desserts.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used as a humectant in the food industry, helping to retain moisture and prevent food from drying out.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized as a coating material for food supplements, facilitating their ease of swallowing and improving taste.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds use in the production of encapsulated flavors and fragrances, ensuring their controlled release.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a processing aid in the food industry, aiding in the formation and stabilization of foams and whipped products.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed in the formulation of edible films and coatings, extending the shelf life of fruits, vegetables, and confectionery.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of frozen desserts, preventing the formation of ice crystals and improving texture.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of beverage concentrates, aiding in the solubility and dispersibility of flavors and colors.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a clarifying agent in the production of fruit juices and wine, aiding in the removal of suspended particles.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed as a lubricant and release agent in the manufacturing of food processing equipment and molds.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the pet food industry as a binding agent, enhancing the consistency and palatability of pet food formulations.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the formulation of veterinary products such as oral suspensions and gels, improving the solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a carrier for nutritional supplements in animal feed formulations, aiding in their dispersion and absorption.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the production of agricultural pesticides and fertilizers as a solubilizing and dispersing agent.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application as a humectant and binder in the formulation of plant growth regulators and horticultural products.
The compound is employed in the formulation of crop protection products, aiding in the dispersion and adhesion of active ingredients.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a component in biotechnology and cell culture media, providing osmotic balance and cell viability.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the formulation of veterinary vaccines, aiding in the stability and efficacy of vaccine formulations.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of diagnostic kits and reagents for medical and research purposes.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of personal lubricants and intimate care products.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a dispersing agent and solubilizer in the production of agrochemical formulations.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed in the formulation of pharmaceutical creams and ointments, aiding in drug delivery and skin penetration.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the formulation of industrial and household cleaning products, providing emulsification and cleaning properties.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of personal care products such as body washes and shower gels, providing viscosity and mildness.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as an emollient in skincare products, helping to moisturize and soften the skin.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of facial masks and patches, aiding in the delivery of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the formulation of hair styling products, providing conditioning and hold.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a film-forming agent in cosmetic products such as mascaras and eyeliners.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the production of nail polishes and nail care products, improving their adherence and gloss.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the formulation of bath and body oils, contributing to their luxurious texture and moisturizing properties.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the production of sunscreens and sun care products, aiding in the dispersion and stability of UV filters.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a solubilizer in fragrance formulations, ensuring the proper dispersion of fragrance oils.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of oral care products such as toothpaste and mouthwash, providing viscosity and foaming properties.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application as a suspending agent in over-the-counter medications, ensuring uniform distribution of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed in the production of wound care products such as gels and dressings, providing a moist healing environment.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the formulation of personal hygiene products such as intimate washes and wipes, contributing to their mildness and effectiveness.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a binder in the production of fragrance sticks and solid air fresheners.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of antiperspirants and deodorants, aiding in the dispersion and efficacy of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of baby care products such as diaper creams and lotions, providing gentle and soothing properties.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed in the formulation of shaving products such as shaving creams and gels, improving glide and moisturization.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a suspending agent in the production of colored cosmetics such as foundations and blushes, ensuring even color distribution.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of bath salts and bath bombs, aiding in their dissolution and release of fragrance.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of personal fragrance oils and roll-on perfumes, aiding in their dispersion and longevity.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the formulation of foot care products such as foot creams and powders, providing moisturization and odor control.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a viscosity modifier in the production of body lotions and creams, ensuring desired texture and spreadability.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of male grooming products such as beard oils and balms, providing conditioning and softening effects.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of massage oils and creams, aiding in glide and moisturization during massages.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed in the formulation of natural and organic personal care products, serving as a versatile ingredient for various applications.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax PEG 1450 is a solid, waxy substance with a molecular weight of approximately 1450 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is a polyether compound with excellent solubility in water and many organic solvents.
Carbowax PEG 1450 has a white to off-white color and is odorless.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is a non-toxic and non-irritating substance, making it suitable for various applications.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry for its solubilizing properties.
Carbowax PEG 1450 improves the solubility and stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in formulations.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as an emulsifier, aiding in the dispersion of immiscible substances in pharmaceutical products.

Carbowax PEG 1450 acts as a binder in tablet formulations, providing cohesiveness and tablet integrity.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used as a thickening agent in topical formulations such as creams and ointments.

Carbowax PEG 1450 exhibits lubricating properties, making it useful in various industrial applications.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed as a plasticizer, enhancing flexibility and workability of materials.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application as a dispersing agent in adhesives and coatings, improving their consistency and flow.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a stabilizer in cosmetic and personal care products, preventing phase separation.
Carbowax PEG 1450 acts as a moisturizing agent, providing hydration and softness to the skin and hair.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is compatible with a wide range of other substances, facilitating formulation development.

Carbowax PEG 1450 has a low vapor pressure, contributing to its stability and ease of handling.
Carbowax PEG 1450 exhibits good thermal stability, maintaining its properties over a wide temperature range.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is resistant to microbial degradation, ensuring product stability and shelf life.

Carbowax PEG 1450, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 1450, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 1450 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 1450 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is a solid substance at room temperature, and it is commonly used in various industries for its solubilizing, emulsifying, and lubricating properties.

Carbowax PEG 1450 finds applications in the pharmaceutical industry as a solubilizer and emulsifier.
Carbowax PEG 1450 improves the solubility and stability of active ingredients in various formulations, including oral solutions, suspensions, and topical preparations.
Carbowax PEG 1450 also serves as a binder and lubricant in tablet formulations.

In the cosmetics and personal care industry, Carbowax PEG 1450 is used as an emollient and thickening agent.
Carbowax PEG 1450 provides moisturizing and conditioning effects in products such as creams, lotions, and hair care formulations.

Furthermore, Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in industrial applications as a lubricant, plasticizer, and dispersing agent.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds use in the formulation of adhesives, coatings, and textile auxiliaries.
Its properties allow for improved flow, workability, and dispersion of substances.

In addition, Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the food industry as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and thickening agent.
Carbowax PEG 1450 aids in the formulation of food products such as baked goods, confectionery, and dairy products.
Overall, Carbowax PEG 1450 is a versatile compound with a range of applications, primarily in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, industrial processes, and the food industry.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C2nH4n+2On+1, where n is typically in the range of 72 to 73.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 1450 g/mol.
Physical State: Solid waxy substance at room temperature.
Color: White to off-white.
Odor: Odorless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water and many organic solvents.
Melting Point: Approximately 44 - 47 °C (111 - 117 °F).
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling.
Flash Point: Not applicable (solid substance).
Density: Approximately 1.06 - 1.07 g/cm³ at 20 °C (68 °F).
pH: Neutral (approximately 6 - 7).
Vapor Pressure: Negligible.
Vapor Density: Not applicable (solid substance).
Hygroscopicity: Exhibits hygroscopic properties, attracting and retaining moisture.
Solvent Power: Demonstrates excellent solvent power for a wide range of substances.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of organic solvents and many substances.
Stability: Exhibits good stability under normal temperature and pressure conditions.
Toxicity: Considered low toxicity and safe for various applications.
Skin Absorption: Can be absorbed through the skin.
Evaporation Rate: Negligible.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Carbowax PEG 1450 dust or aerosol is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
Provide artificial respiration if the person is not breathing and trained in the procedure.
Administer oxygen if the person is experiencing severe respiratory distress.
Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, or wheezing occur.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact with Carbowax PEG 1450, remove contaminated clothing and immediately wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water.
Rinse thoroughly to ensure complete removal of the substance.
If irritation or redness develops, gently cleanse the area again and apply a soothing cream or lotion.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists or if there are signs of more severe skin reactions such as rash or burns.


Eye Contact:

In the event of eye contact with Carbowax PEG 1450, immediately flush the eyes with clean, gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easily removable, but do not force their removal.
Seek immediate medical attention, ensuring to provide information about the substance and its exposure.


Ingestion:

If Carbowax PEG 1450 is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical professionals.
Rinse the mouth with water and give the affected person small sips of water to drink.
Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious or convulsing person.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide information about the substance and its ingestion.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing when handling Carbowax PEG 1450 to avoid skin and eye contact.
Avoid inhalation of dust or aerosols.
If handling in dusty conditions, use respiratory protection such as a dust mask.
Handle the substance in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.

Avoid contact with open flames, sparks, or other potential ignition sources, as Carbowax PEG 1450 is combustible.
Prevent the substance from coming into contact with strong oxidizing agents, which could cause hazardous reactions.
Use appropriate handling tools and equipment to minimize the generation of dust or aerosols during transfer or processing.
Practice good industrial hygiene by washing hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling Carbowax PEG 1450.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the substance to prevent accidental ingestion.


Storage:

Store Carbowax PEG 1450 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Keep the substance in tightly sealed containers to prevent contamination and to preserve its properties.
Ensure proper labeling of containers with the substance name, batch number, and any relevant safety information.
Store Carbowax PEG 1450 away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents and reactive chemicals.
Separate Carbowax PEG 1450 from food, beverages, and feed to avoid accidental contamination.
Follow any specific storage temperature recommendations provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or manufacturer's instructions.

Avoid storing Carbowax PEG 1450 in areas prone to moisture or humidity to prevent clumping or degradation.
Keep the substance out of reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Implement appropriate measures to prevent spills, leaks, or accidental releases during storage.
Provide suitable containment, such as bunds or secondary containers, in case of container damage or leakage.
Store Carbowax PEG 1450 in a dedicated storage area, separate from incompatible materials and hazardous substances.
Regularly inspect containers for integrity and check for any signs of deterioration or damage.
Have appropriate spill response materials and equipment readily available in case of accidental spills or leaks.
Follow local regulations and guidelines for the proper disposal of empty containers and waste generated from Carbowax PEG 1450.
If necessary, consult with local authorities or waste management facilities for specific disposal requirements.



SYNONYMS


Polyethylene Glycol 1450
PEG 1450
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 1450
Polyethylene oxide 1450
Macrogol 1450
Carbowax 1450
Polyglycol 1450
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 1450
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 1450
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 1450
PEG 1450 monomethyl ether
PEG 1450 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 1450 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 1450
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 1450
Carbowax MPEG 1450
Carbowax mPEG 1450
Carbowax PM1450
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1650
Carbowax WSR 1450
Polyethylene glycol 1450 monostearate
PEG 1450 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 1450
PEG stearate 1450
Carbowax PEG MW 1450
PEG 1450 monomethylether
Polyethylene oxide monomethyl ether 1450
PEG 1450 methoxypolyethylene glycol
Carbowax PEG 1500
PEG 1450 polyethylene glycol
Carbowax Polyglycol 1450
Carbowax MPEG 1500
Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1450
PEG 1450 monobutyl ether
Carbowax Butyl PEG 1450
Carbowax PEG 1400
PEG 1450 monopropyl ether
Polyethylene glycol monopropyl ether 1450
Carbowax PEG 1600
PEG 1450 polyethylene oxide
Carbowax WSR 1450E
Carbowax PEG 1800
PEG 1450 monobenzyl ether
Polyethylene glycol monobenzyl ether 1450
Carbowax WSR 1450M
Carbowax PEG 1700
PEG 1450 monovinyl ether
Polyethylene glycol monovinyl ether 1450
Carbowax 1652

Carbowax PEG 200 is a clear colorless viscous liquid.
Carbowax PEG 200 is an effective compound due to its ability to be relatively inert.
Carbowax PEG 200 is the product of the catalysed reaction between ethylene oxide and water.


CAS Number: 25322-68-3
EC Number: 500-038-2
Chemical Formula: H(0CH2CH2)nOH
Chemical Composition: Polyethylene Glycols (PEGs)


Carbowax PEG 200 is a condensation polymers of ethylene oxide and water with the general formula H(OCH2CH2)nOH, where n is the average number of repeating oxyethylene groups typically from 4 to about 180.
Carbowax PEG 200 is suitable for paints and coatings.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a non-volatile solvent, release agent, lubricant and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble also in many organic solvents including aromatic hydrocarbons (not aliphatic).
Carbowax PEG 200 is a yellowish wax-like solid at room temperature.


Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water and polar organic solvents like acetone or methanol.
Carbowax PEG 200 is insoluble in pure hydrocarbons.
Ultrapure white crystals for molecular biology applications such as precipitation of DNA, nucleic acids, hybridization and fusion of mammalian cells.


Working concentrations of Carbowax PEG 200 range from 13% to 40% (w/v).
Prepare the appropriate concentration by dissolving Carbowax PEG 200 in sterile H2O, warming if necessary.
Sterilize the solution by passing Carbowax PEG 200 through a 0.22-μm filter.


Carbowax PEG 200 stores the solution at room temperature.
Carbowax PEG 200 shows typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols and a very low evaporation rate.
The solidification point of Carbowax PEG 200 is about 58 °C.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a non-volatile solvent, release agent, lubricant and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 200 is specified according to the requirements of the main international ICH guidelines and monographs.
Carbowax PEG 200 shows typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols and a very low evaporation rate.


The physical and chemical properties of polyethylene glycols are mainly determined by the two hydroxyl end groups, the ether groups as well as the molecular weight.
Carbowax PEG 200 is non-toxic, odorless, neutral, lubricating, nonvolatile and usually nonirritating.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol liquid.
Carbowax PEG 200 is compatible with cellulose, rubber, polyester and polyurethane.
Carbowax PEG 200 is Suitable for use in papers, adhesives and sealants.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a water soluble linear polymer, formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide to an ethylene glycol equivalent.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as a base in the formulation of soap sticks.
Carbowax PEG 200 has low glycol content and higher crystalinity.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a solid in powder form.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a milled PEG excipient grade powder product, produced under IPEC GMP conditions.
Carbowax PEG 200 provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and other important functional properties in a wide range of formulations.


On being incorporated into networks by crosslinking, Carbowax PEG 200 can have high water content, forming “hydrogels”.
Hydrogel formation can be initiated by either crosslinking it by ionizing radiation or by covalent crosslinking of Carbowax PEG 200 macromers with reactive chain ends.


Carbowax PEG 200 acts as a solvent and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 200 is quite stable and does not support microbial growth, even in aqueous solutions.
Ultrapure white crystals for molecular biology applications such as precipitation of DNA, nucleic acids, hybridization and fusion of mammalian cells.


Carbowax PEG 200 is the product of the catalysed reaction between ethylene oxide and water.
The polymerisation reaction is controlled so that the average molecular weight is in the range 190 – 210.
Carbowax PEG 200 shows typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols and a very low evaporation rate.


Carbowax PEG 200 has very low water content and outstanding toxicological safety.
Carbowax PEG 200 is compatible with hard water, cellulose, polyester, rubber, elastomer and polyurethane.
Carbowax PEG 200, at room temperature, is a clear, hygroscopic liquid, which possesses a characteristic low vapour pressure and excellent lubricity.


Carbowax PEG 200 shows typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols and a very low evaporation rate.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a yellow solid in fine powder form.
Carbowax PEG 200 supports the homogeneous mixing with other materials within production.


Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water or ethanol, insoluble in ether.
The freezing point of Carbowax PEG 200 is 33~38°C.
Carbowax PEG 200, a hydrophilic polymer, is easily synthesized by the anionic ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide, into a range molecular weights and variety of end groups.


Carbowax PEG 200 is totally soluble in water and in most organic solvents except aliphatic hydrocarbons.
At high temperatures and in the presence of air Carbowax PEG 200 will undergo decomposition.
However, improved stability can be gained by the use of antioxidants.


Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water.
Carbowax PEG 200 is store at room temperature.
Carbowax PEG 200 is white granular.


The solution has high viscosity at low concentration, and Carbowax PEG 200 can be processed by calendering, extrusion, casting, etc.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a thermoplastic resin with good compatibility with other resins.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a water-soluble, waxy solid that is used extensively in the several industries.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol having white to off white color and available in solid flakes or powder form.
Carbowax PEG 200 can blend with other PEG molecular weights to achieve the desired viscosity properties.
Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water, soluble in some organic solvents.


Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water (500 g/l at 20° C), aromatic hydrocarbons (very soluble), aliphatic hydrocarbons (slightly soluble), and organic solvents.
Carbowax PEG 200 is suitable as a medium for the fusion of mammalian cells.


Carbowax PEG 200 has a wide range of uses including cell fusion for the formation of hybridomas, precipitation of DNA, and to create macromolecular crowding in solutions.
The molecular formula is expressed as HO(CH2CH2O)nH, where n represents the average number of oxyethylene groups.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a colorless or almost colorless viscous liquid, or a translucent waxy soft object; slightly odorless.
Carbowax PEG 200 is hygroscopic.
Carbowax PEG 200 is water soluble and also soluble in many organic solvents like aromatic hydrocarbons.


Carbowax PEG 200 is compatible with hard water, cellulose, polyester, rubber, elastomer and polyurethane.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a solid in powder form.
Carbowax PEG 200 is clear to white liquid


Carbowax PEG 200 stores in a tightly closed container.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol-based solvent, humectant and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 200 possesses very low water content and good solubility in water.


Carbowax PEG 200 stores in a cool, dry area away from incompatible substances.
Resistant to bacterial erosion, moisture absorption in the atmosphere is weak.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a mixture of ethylene oxide and water polycondensation.


Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water and polar organic solvents like acetone or methanol.
Carbowax PEG 200 is insoluble in pure hydrocarbons.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as water-soluble lubricants for rubber molds, textiles, metalworking, and ceramics production.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as Solvent / Humectant / Plasticizer: Paper, wood, cellulose films, inks, paints, coatings, adhesives, and sealants, concrete.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as Release agent: Lubricant mould release agent for rubber and elastomer processing, lubricant formulations, metal working fluids.


Carbowax PEG 200 is also used in food packaging, water-based paints, polishes, paper coatings, ointments, suppositories, dispersing agents, and chemical intermediates.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used Washing powders and tabs, Dissolving aids, Tabletting and granulation auxiliaries, Binding agents, and Toilet blocks.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used as Reactant: Reactive diol/polyether component in polyester or polyurethane resins
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as lubricant and coolant in rubber and metal processing industry, dispersant and emulsifier in pesticide and pigment industry production.


Carbowax PEG 200 is also used as a fusogen (induces cell hybridization) to obtain hybridomas for monoclonal antibody production.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used a lubricant in Cleaning, Textile Industry, and Metal cleaning
Carbowax PEG 200 has been shown to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides for enhanced solubility.


Carbowax PEG 200 is vastly used for the isolation of plasmid DNA and the precipitation of phage.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used Binder for ceramics, Component of auxiliaries for fiber, textile and leather processing, and Heat transfer medium.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used within many formulations, including: cleaners, detergents, soaps, defoaming, and coupling agents.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used for the isolation of plasmid DNA and the precipitation of phage.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as matrix in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry to regulate viscosity and melting point.
Carbowax (PEG200) is also used as a humectant (ceramics), solvent, lubricant, and viscosity modifier.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a suitable compound with a wide scope in biological applications since Polyethylene glycol 8000 does not elicit any immune responses.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol-based solvent, humectant and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 200 possesses very low water content and good solubility in water.


Carbowax PEG 200 is frequently found as a dye carrier in paints and inks, as a heat transfer fluid.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used Hair Conditioner, Cleaning Agent, Bath Oils, Tablets & Salts, Hair Styling Products, Detanglers, Antiperspirants & Deodorants, Anti-Aging Products, Cosmetics, Detergents in the form of tablets, Production of packaging, Metalworking, Construction industry, Textile industry,

Processing of plastics and elastomers, Production of ceramics, and Coatings.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used dimensional stabilizer in wood working operations.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as antistatic agent and lubricant in textile industry.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a safe solvent and carrier for use in cosmetics can act as a solvent in many substances.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also a secure carrier.
Carbowax PEG 200 finds application in blood banking as a potentiator, which is used to detect antigens and antibodies.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used dye carrier in paints and inks.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used heat transfer fluid formulation and defoamer formulations.
Research or further manufacturing, Carbowax PEG 200 is used only, not for food or drug use.


Carbowax PEG 200 is widely used as a mould release agents and lubricants for rubber industry.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also used to preserve objects that have been retrieved from the ocean.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used low volatilie, water soluble, and noncorrosive lubricant without staining residue in food and package process.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used as mold release agent and lubricant in fabricating elastomers.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a safe solvent and carrier for use in cosmetics can act as a solvent in many substances.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also a secure carrier.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used mold release agent and lubricant in fabricating elastomers.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a compound used to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides to increase their solubility.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also used to precipitate bacteriophage from lysed cell supernatants.


In gas chromatography, Carbowax PEG 200 is used as a polar stationary phase.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used paper coating for antisticking, color stabilizing, good gloss and free flow in calendering operations.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used plasticizer to increase lubricity and to impart a humectant property in ceramic mass, adhesives and binders.


In fabricating elastomers, Carbowax PEG 200 can be used as a lubricant and mold releasing agent.
In pharmaceuticals, Carbowax PEG 200 can function as a tablet and capsule lubricant.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used in the modification of therapeutic proteins and peptides to enhance it's solubility.


In pharmaceutical industry, Carbowax PEG 200 is used as tablet and capsule lubricant.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as a solvent (solvent) or a conductor (carrier) in all kinds of cosmetics.
Additionally, photopolymerized Carbowax PEG 200 hydrogels have emerging applications in the fabrication of bioactive and immune-isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.


Carbowax PEG 200's high molecular weight mainly prompts it's use in pharmaceutical formulations as solvent for oral, topical and parenteral preparations.
Carbowax PEG 200 that has wide application ranging from industrial manufacturing and medicine.
Carbowax PEG 200 is generally used in the precipitation of phage.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used softener and antistatic agent for textiles Soldering fluxes with good spreading property.
Carbowax PEG 200 is non-toxic, odorless, neutral, lubricating, nonvolatile and nonirritating and is used in a variety of pharmaceuticals and in medications as a solven, dispensing agent, ointment and suppository bases, vehicle, and tablet excipient.


Also known as PEG200, and Polyethylene Glycol 200, Carbowax PEG 200 is a commodity chemical that has a variety of hobbyist and industry uses across the United States.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used to make emulsifying agents and detergents and as plasticizers, humectants, and water-soluble textile lubricants.


Carbowax PEG 200 can be easily applied and removed since they are water-soluble.
Carbowax PEG 200 are also used as binder and dry lubricant for manufacturer of pills and tablets for certain pharmaceutical products.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used a wide range of chain lengths to provide identical physical and chemical properties for the proper application selections directly or indirectly in the field of; Alkyd and polyester resin preparation to enhance water dispersability and water-based coatings.


Carbowax PEG 200 is also used in the fabrication of bioactive and immuno isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.
Carbowax PEG 200, NF acts as a lubricant, coating the surfaces in aqueous and non-aqueous environments.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used antidusting agent in agricultural formulations.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used brightening effect and adhesion enhance in electroplating and electroplating process.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used cleaners, detergents and soaps with low volatility and low toxicity solvent properties.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used coupling agent, humectant, solvent and lubricant in cosmetics and personal care bases.


Carbowax PEG 200 offers attractive solubility properties, is hygroscopic, enables viscosity profile design, can undergo reactions typical of alcohols and shows wide vapor pressure and melting or freezing range.
Carbowax PEG 200 are produced to meet the requirements for use under Food Additive Regulations for indirect use as components of articles intended for use in contact with food.


Crystallization grade Carbowax PEG 200 for formulating screens or for optimization.
Carbowax PEG 200 is suitable for humectants, inks, paper coatings and latex paints.
Carbowax PEG 200 complies with FDA regulation.


Carbowax PEG 200 can act as lubricant, binder and modifier.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as PVC lubricant, masterbatch additive, textile softener, pigment dispersant, etc
Carbowax PEG 200 is often used as a polar stationary phase for Gas Chromatorgraphy.


Carbowax PEG 200 is commonly also used in mass spec experiments.
As a dispersant, Carbowax PEG 200 is used in toothpastes.
Carbowax PEG 200 has a variety of uses but it can be especially useful for certain commonly used procedures in electron microscopy.


Carbowax PEG 200 does not hydrolyze or deteriorate on storage.
And Carbowax PEG 200 will not support the growth of molds (so far as we know).
Recommended use of Carbowax PEG 200 and restrictions on use


Identified uses: Carbowax PEG 200 is used Laboratory chemicals, Manufacture of substances, Adhesives, Ceramic Binder, Chemical Intermediates, Detergents and Household Cleaners, Dye Carrier, Lubricants, Mining, Mold Release Agent, Plasticizer, Wood Treating, Rubber, Textile, Paper, Metal, Wood, Pharmaceutical, Cosmetics, and Coating.


For the Carbowax PEG 200, a partial list of applications include automotive products, household products packaging products,petroleum chemicals, plastics, inks, coatings, adhesives, chemical intermediates, rubber processing, lubricants, metalworking fluids, mold release
agents, ceramics, and wood treating.


As Carbowax PEG 200 contains two terminal hydroxyl groups it can be used in polyurethane and esterification reactions.
Applications Carbowax PEG 200 can be used in many applications including printing inks, ceramic and glass production, the treatment of paper, lubricant base, fatty acid ester manufacture, textile conditioner, as a formulation aid in the detergent industry and in the production of polyurethane prepolymers.


-Carbowax PEG 200 is used:
*Adhesives
*Agriculture
*Ceramics
*Inks
*Lubricants
*Soap & Detergents
*Personal Care


-The kinetic of the ligation in the cloning of DNA-fragments into bacteriophage M13-vectors can be improved by the inclusion of 5% Carbowax PEG 200.
Especially for the cloning with 'blunt-ended' DNA, the concentration of 'blunt'-DNA-ends plays a crucial role for the successful cloning.
Substances, that increase the so-called 'macromolecular crowding' and condense DNA molecules into aggregates, concentrate the

DNA and increase the possibility, that DNA ends will meet and thereby improve the cloning result.
So, the DNA and enzyme concentration can be reduced.
Besides, such substances reduce the intramolecular ligation (religation).

For 'blunt end' cloning the recommended Polyethylene glycol 8000 concentration is 15%.
Stock solutions of Carbowax PEG 200 (40%) are prepared with deionized water and stored at -20°C in small aliquots.


-Uses of Carbowax PEG 200:
*Lubricants
*Adhesives
*Antistatic agent and humectant
*Chemical intermediates
*Inks and dye carrier
*Mold release agent
*Plasticizer
*Silver polish
*Leather
*Vinyl care
*Antifog
*Glass cleaner
*Powder and liquid detergents


-Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol that is used for a wide variety of applications including:
*Reactive diol/polyether component in polyester or polyurethene resins
*Component of auxiliaries for leather and textile processing
*Cosmetic / pharmaceutical formulations (e.g. humectant or solubilizer for creams, shampoos, tooth paste)
*Lubricant and mould release agent for rubber, plastic and elastomer processing
*Plasticizer and binder for ceramic and concrete manufacturing
*Component of lubricant formulations
*Water soluble, lubricating component in metalworking fluids
*Humectant for paper, wood and cellulose films
*Solvent and humectant for dyes and inks
*Modifier for production of regenerated viscoses
*Humectant and plasticizer for adhesives.


-Carbowax PEG 200 is used:
∞ Adhesives
∞ Lubricants
∞ Agriculture
∞ Mold Release Agent
∞ Chemical Intermediates
∞ Plasticizer
∞ Inks


-Carbowax PEG 200 resins are high molecular weight homopolymers of ethylene oxide via heterogeneously catalyzed ring-opening polymerization.
Usually can be divided into the relative molecular mass of 2 × 1 04 above and tens of thousands of above, the former is called polyethylene glycol, the latter is called polyethylene oxide.

Polyethylene oxide with flocculation, thickening, slow release, lubrication, dispersion, retention, water retention and other properties, suitable for medicine, fertilizer, paper, ceramics, detergents, cosmetics, heat treatment, water treatment, fire, oil exploitation and other industries, the product is non-toxic and non-irritating, and will not remain, deposit or breed volatile matter in the process of product generation.

As a papermaking additive, the retention rate of the filler and the fine fiber can be improved, and the dispersant is particularly suitable for the long fiber, and the beating time can be shortened.



BENEFITS OF CARBOWAX PEG 200:
*Completely soluble in water
*Molecularly stable and non-volatile
*Excellent hygroscopicity
*Low toxicity
*High lubricity and solvency
*Good solubility in water
*Very low water content
*Compatible with hard water
*Non-volatile
*Outstanding toxicological safety



FUNCTION OF CARBOWAX PEG 200:
*Is a polymer with cleansing, emulsifying, and solvent action.
*Carbowax PEG 200 is often found in cleansing products for face, body, and hair.



CHARACTERISTIC OF CARBOWAX PEG 200:
. Highly compatible to various kinds of organic compounds.
. High boiling point.
. Easy control of the degree of condensation.
. Controllable hygroscopic property.
. Less toxicity, PEG is characterized by less toxicity and less skin irritation.
. There is no damage in case of contact with skin or lips.



FUNCTION of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Binder
-Carrier
-Anti-Static Agent
-Moisturizing Agent
-Humectant
-Plasticizer
-Solvent
-Solubilizer
-Slip Agent
-Viscosity Modifier



PRODUCT TYPE OF CARBOWAX PEG 200:
*Lubricants
*Humectants
*Plasticizers
*Solvents > Glycols & Glycol Ethers > Ethylene Glycols
*Lubricants / Waxes
*Other Additives for Liquid Systems > Solvents > Glycols
*Release Agents



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
Molecular Weight: 190 - 210 g/mol
pH-5% in aq @ 25°C: 4.5 - 7.5 pH
Color: 25 max PtCo
Water: 0.5 max wt%
Acidity, as Acetic Acid: 0.02 max wt%
Viscosity @ 210 °F (99°C): 4.0 - 4.8 cSt
Physical State: Liquid
Odour: None / mild
Boiling Point: > 200 (decompose) °C
Melting Point: -65 °C
Solubility in Water: @ 20 °C 100 wt%
Chemical Formula: H(0CH2CH2)nOH
CAS#: 25322-68-3
Formula Weight: Not available
RTECS#: TQ3500000
Apperance: Liquid
Color: Clear
Odor: Mild
Boiling Point: 98.89° C / 210° F
Melting Point: Not available
Specific Gravity (H2O = 1): 1.12
Solubility in Water: 100% by weight

Molecular Formula: N/A
Density: 1.27g/mLat 25°C
Melting Point: 64-66°C
Boling Point: >250°C
Flash Point: 270 °C
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
Solubility: Slightly hygroscopic.
It melts easily when heated.
Soluble in water and ethanol
Vapor Presure: Vapor Density: >1 (vs air)
Appearance: waxy solid
Specific Gravity: 1.128
Color: White to very pale yellow
Maximum wavelength(λmax): ['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.6',
, 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.3']
Merck: 14,7568
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.469
MDL: MFCD00081839
Density: 1.125
melting point: -65°C
refractive index: 1.458-1.461
flash point: 171°C



FIRST AID MEASURES of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact: rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Take up dry.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture:
Nature of decomposition products not known.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Control parameters:
Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Stored at room temperature.
But close the lid of the bottle tightly.
The product has a shelf life of at least 2 years.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions: No data available



SYNONYMS:
1,11-DIHYDROXY-3,6,9-TRIOXAUNDECANE
2,2'-(OXYBIS(2,1-ETHANEDIYLOXY))BISETHANOL
CARBOWAX PEG 200
HI-DRY
LIPO POLYGLYCOL 200
LUMULSE PEG 200
MACROGOL 200
NSC-1262
PEG 200
P EG- 4
PEG-4 [INCI]
PLURACARE E 200
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 200
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 200 [II]
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 200 [USP-RS]
POLYGLYKOL 200
SABOPEG 200
TEG
TETRAETHYLENE GLYCOL
TETRAGLYCOL
TOHO PEG NO. 200
UNIPEG-200 X
UPIWAX 200
Polyethylene Glycol 200
PEG 200
PEG-200
R95B8J264J
203-989-9
MACROGOL 200
polyox FRA
1,11-DIHYDROXY-3,6,9-TRIOXAUNDECANE
1,2-ETHANEDIOL, HOMOPOLYMER
1660O
1660S
ALKOX
ALKOX E 30
ALPHA-HYDRO-OMEGA-HYDROXYPOLY(OXY-1,2-ETHANEDIYL)POLYOXYETHYLENEDIOL)
CARBOWAX E 9000
CARBOWAX PEG 200
CBP 20
CERASOL 250A
CHEMIOX E 20(C)
DB-WAX
DECUFLUX RM 33
DESMOPHEN L 1208
E 1450NF
E 200 (POLYGLYCOL)
E 400NF
EMKAPOL 150
EMKAPOL 200
ETHYLENE OXIDE, HOMOPOLYMER
ETHYLENE POLYOXIDE
GAFANOL E 300
GENOPLAST 200
IW (DISPERSANT)
KLEANPREP
LAPROL 1001
LAPROL 402
LINEARTOP P
LIPO POLYGLYCOL 200
LUMULSE PEG 200
LUTROL 9
M 9000
MACOL E 300
MACROGOL 400R
MICROSOLV PEG 100
NOPCOFLOC 310
NSC-1262
OEG
OEG 100
OEG 2000
OEG 300
OXIDE A
OXIDE WAX A
OXIRANE, HOMOPOLYMER
P 300 (POLYOXYALKYLENE)
PE 68
PE 68 (POLYOL)
PEG (POLYGLYCOL)
PEG 115
PEG 20000
PEG 2M
PEG 35
PEG 4
PEG 4000N
PEG 4600
PEG 5000
PEG 6
PEG 6000S
PEG 75
PEO 1
PEO 10
PEO 100
PEO 15
PEO 16
PEO 18
PEO 3
PEO 5000
PEO 8
PEOPO-A
PLASTIGEN PR 8086
PLURACARE E 200
PLURACOL E 300
PLURACOL E 4600
PLURIOL 9000
PLURIOL E
PLURIOL E 2000
PLURIOL E 300
PLURIOL E 9000
POLIKOL
POLIKOL 1600
POLIKOL 300
POLIKOL 3T
POLY(ETHYLENE ETHER) GLYCOL
POLY(OXYETHYLENE) GLYCOL
POLY(VINYL OXIDE)
POLYDIOL 1550
POLYDIOL 200
POLYDIOL 300
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 200 (II)
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 200 (USP-RS)
POLYGLYCOL 12000
POLYGLYCOL 300
POLYGLYKOL 200
POLYGOL
POLYHYDROXYETHYLENE
POLYOX (POLYGLYCOL)
POLYOX 1
POLYOX 100
POLYOX 30
POLYOX 303
POLYOX 309
POLYOX 600K
POLYOX COAGULANT
POLYOX N 10
POLYOX N 12K
POLYOX N 3000
POLYOX N 60K
POLYOX N 750
POLYOX N 78
POLYOX N 80
POLYOX OF 50
POLYOX UCARFLOC 309
POLYOX WRN 3000
POLYOX WRPA 3154
POLYOX WSR
POLYOX WSR 1105
POLYOX WSR 205
POLYOX WSR 303
POLYOX WSR 31
POLYOX WSR 35
POLYOX WSR 700
POLYOX WSR 80
POLYOX WSR-FRA
POLYOX WSR-N 10
POLYOX WSR-N 12K
POLYOX WSR-N 205
POLYOX WSR-N 3000
POLYOX WSR-N 301
POLYOX WSR-N 303
POLYOX WSR-N 3333
POLYOX WSR-N 60K
POLYOX WSR-N 750
POLYOX WSR-N 78
POLYOX WSR-N 80
POLYOX WSR-N 80-1001C
POLYOXYALKYLENES, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL
POLYOXYDIN
POLYOXYETHYLENEDIOL
POLYWAX 12000
POLYWAX 20000
POSTONAL
PT-C 300ZT
PT-T 8-200DL
REXOL P 2002
SABOPEG 200
SOLBASE
SS 70
ST 836
SUPEROX 0.1
SUPEROX 0.6
SUPEROX 4
SUPEROX 5
SURFONYL
SWASCONOL D 60
SWASCONOL D 80
TEISAN Z 75
TENZILIN 200
TENZILIN 300
TOHO PEG NO. 200
U 100 (POLYGLYCOL)
UCAR 4C
UCARFLOC
ULTRAFLOC 309
UNIPEG-200 X
UPIWAX 200
VITERRA 2 HYDROGEL
WSR 205
WSR 301
WSR 35
WSR-N 10
WSR-N 3000
WSR-N 750
WSR-N COAG
ZUSOPLAST 9002
PEO
PEG
PEG 600
PEG 200
PEG 400
macrogol
carbowax
PEG 6000
PEG 8000
PEG 1000
Carmowax
alcoxe30
Alcox E 30
Alcox E 160
Aquacide III
PEG 200-8000
poly(oxyethylene)
Polyethyleneglycol
Polyethylene glycol
PolyethyleneoxideMW
Polyethylene Glycol
Polyethylene glygcol
Poly(ethylene oxide)
Poly ethylene glycol
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Polyethylene glycol PEG
Polyethylene glycol series
1,2-ethanediol,homopolymer
Polyethylene Glycol 5000000
PEG 6000, MB Grade (1.12033)
Ethylene glycol 8000 polymer
Polyethylene glycol - 6000 grade
Tri-(2,3-Dibromopropyl) Phosphate
polyethylene oxide standard 511000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 200,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 900,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 600,000
O-Methacryloxy(polyethyleneoxy)trimethylsilane
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1
Polyethyleneoxidemonomethacryloxymonotrimethylsiloxyterminated
PEG-2M
alpha-hydro-omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
carbowax 200
Carbowax PEG 400
Carbowax PEG 8000
emkapol 200
Ethoxylated 1,2-ethanediol
Ethylene glycol 8000 polymer
gafanol e 200
Macrogol
PEG
PEG 1000
PEG 200
pluriol e 200
polydiol 200
Polyethylene glycol
Poly(ethylene glycol) 100
Poly(ethylene glycol) 1000
Poly(ethylene glycol) 10000
Poly(ethylene glycol) 1500
Poly(ethylene glycol) 200
Poly(ethylene glycol) 2000
Polyethylene glycol 20,000
Poly(ethylene glycol) 300
Poly(ethylene glycol) 3400
Polyethylene glycol 400
Poly(ethylene glycol) 4000
Poly(ethylene glycol) 600
Poly(ethylene glycol) 6000
Polyethylene Glycol 8000
Poly(ethylene glycol) 900
polyethylene glycols
Polyethylene gylcol
Poly Ethylene Oxide
Polyglycol 1000
Polyox WSR-301
Polyoxyethlene
Polyoxyethylene
Polyoxyethylene 1000
Polyoxyethylene ether
1,2-Ethanediol homopolymer
Alcox E 30
Alkox E 100
Alkox E 130
Alkox E 160
Alkox E 240
Alkox E 45
Alkox E 60
Alkox E 75
Alkox R 1000
Alkox R 15
Alkox R 150
Alkox R 400
Alkox SR
Antarox E 4000
Aquacide III
Aquaffin
Atpeg 300
BDH 301
Badimol
Bradsyn PEG
Breox 2000
Breox 20M
Breox 4000
Breox 550
Breox PEG 300
CAFO 154; Carbowax
Carbowax 100
Carbowax 1000
Carbowax 1350
Carbowax 14000
Carbowax 1500
Carbowax 20
Carbowax 200
Carbowax 20000
Carbowax 25000
Carbowax 300
Carbowax 3350
Carbowax 400
Carbowax 4000
Carbowax 4500
Carbowax 4600
Carbowax 600
Carbowax Sentry
DD 3002
Deactivator H
Emkapol 4200
Ethoxylated 1,2-ethanediol
Ethylene glycol homopolymer
Ethylene glycol polymer
Gafanol E 200
Glycols, polyethylene
HM 500
Lutrol
Macrogol
Merpol OJ
Miralax
Modopeg
Nosilen
Nycoline
Oxide Wax AOxyethylene polymer
PEG
PEG 3350
PEG 400
PEG 4000
PEG 6000DS
Pluracol E
Pluracol E 400, E 600, E 1450
Pluriol E 200
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl, alpha-hydro-omega-hydroxy-
Poly-G
Poly-G600
Polyoxyethylene ether
alpha-Hydro-omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
alpha-Hydro-omega-hydroxypoly(oxyethylene)
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-hydro-ω-hydroxy-
Glycols, polyethylene
Ethylene oxide, homopolymer
Oxide Wax AN
Oxide Wax A
Polyox WSR 301
Polyethylene glycol
Bradsyn PEG
Carbowax 6000
polyethylene oxide
Poly(ethylene ether) glycol
DD 3002
Carbowax 4000
Polyox (polyglycol)
Poly-G 600
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol
polyox
Carbowax 100
Carbowax 600
Ethylene glycol polymer
Ethylene oxide polymer
Gafanol E 200
Gafanol E 300
PEG
PEG 6000
postonal
WSR 35
PEO 18
WSR 205
Emkapol 4200
Carbowax E 9000
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax 200
Carbowax 300
Ethylene glycol homopolymer
macrogol
Oxyethylene polymer
PEG 400
PEO 10
PEO 16
Polyox WSR 205
α-Hydro-ω-hydroxypoly(oxyethylene)
α-Hydro-ω-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
WSR 301
Polyox WSR 31
Carbowax 1000
PEG 600
Polyox WSR-N 80
Polydiol 200
Polyox FRA
nycoline
solbase
Polyox 30
Polyox WSR-N 750
Polyglycol 6000
Polyglycol 12000
Macrogol 6000
Ethylene polyoxide
Polyglycol 600
Carbowax 1500
Polyox WSR
PEG 1000
Polyglycol 4000
WSR-N 3000
Polyox WSR 1105
Polyox Coagulant
Emkapol 150
Emkapol 200
PEG 20000
Polyox WSR-N 60
Polyox 100
modopeg
Polyox WSR-N 10
Polyox WSR-N 3000
aquaffin
Swasconol D 60
Swasconool D 80
HM 500
Plasticine PR 8086
Deactivator H
Polyox 1
PEG 4
PEG 75
Poly(vinyl oxide)
PEG 2M
PEG 6
Ucar 4C
Oxirane, homopolymer
Polyox WSR 35
Nosilen
Polyoxyethylenediol
WSR-N 10
Pluriol E 200
Pluriol E 300
Pluriol E 400
Pluriol E 800
Pluriol E 4000
Pluriol E 9000
Pluriol E
Polyox WSR-FRA
Oxirane polymer
Carbowax 20
WSR-N Coag
WSR-N 750
M 9000
Polyhydroxyethylene
Teisan Z 75
α,ω-Hydroxypoly(ethylene oxide)
ENT 1000
PEG 35
Laprol 402
E 1000
E 1000 (polyglycol)
Lineartop P
Modopeg 4000
Chemiox E 20(C)
Superox 4
Macrogol 400
Superox
Superox 5
Superox 0.1
Superox 0.6
Polywax 6000
Lutrol 9
PEO 100
alkox
Polycol 1500
Polycol 3T
PEG 115
Viterra 2 Hydrogel
Carbowax 14000
PEG (polyglycol)
PEO
Polywax 12000
Lutrol E 400
Polydiol 400
Nopcofloc 310
Oxide A
Polycol 400
Polycol 600
Laprol 1001
Polycol 300
ST 836
E 6000
E 200
Discount 200
Discount 300
Tenzilin 400
PEG 4000
Genoplast 200
Polyox WSR-N 301
Carbowax 3350
E 200 (polyglycol)
polycol
Polyox WSR 80
GPE 400
GPE 1000
Carbowax 8000
Carbowax
PEO 3
Breox 4000
Rexol P 2002
Pluriol E 600
Pluriol E 6000
E 400
PEG 300
Breox 550
Macrogol 1500
Breox 20M
Lutrol E 4000
badymol
PEOPO-A
Aquacide III
Pluracol E 8000
Alcox R 400
E 3350
E 4500
E 8000
1,2-Ethanediol, homopolymer
Carbowax 400
Polydiol 1550
Alkox E 30
Carbowax 1350
Zusoplast 9002
Pluriol E 1500
PEG 3350
Macrogol 600
Macrogol 1540
Macrogol 200
Macrogol 300
Macrogol 4000
G 3350
U 100 (polyglycol)
U 100
Polyglycol 300
FPR
PEO 8
R 400
Polyox WSR-N 80-1001C
E 400NF
DB-WAX
Polyox WSR 700
Carbowax 4500
PEG 6000S
PEG 2000
Breox PEG 300
Pluriol E 1000
Macrogol 1000
Alkox R 1000
Alkox E 60
Polyox N 12K
E 1450NF
E 4500 (polymer)
PEG 8000
Alkox R 400
PEG 5000
Alkox R 150
Alkox E 75
IW (dispersant)
IW
Pluriol 9000
Polyox OF 50
Polyoxyalkylenes, polyethylene glycol
Polyox WSR-N 3333
Polywax 20000
P 300 (polyoxyalkylene)
P 300
PEG 12000
CBP 20
Pluracol E 400
Polyox WRPA 3154
OEG 300
OEG 100
OEG 600
OEG 1000
OEG 2000
OEG
Ucarfloc
PEO 15
Polyox WRN 3000
PEG 11000
PEO 1
1660S
1660O
Carbowax 20000
polygol
Carbowax 4600
Polyox WSR-N 12K
Polyox WSR-N 60K
Polyox WSR Coagulant
Polyox Ucarfloc 309
Polyox N 750
Gligogum 4000
Pluracol E 4000
PEO 5000
Polycol 1600
Pluracol E 300
Alkox E 160
Pluracol E 600
Alkox E 240
Alkox R 15
Alkox E 130
Alkox E 45
Alkox E 100
PE 4000
Macrogol 400R
Voranol E 400
Decuflux RM 33
Pluracol E 4600
Polyox 309
Polyox WSR-N 205
E 600
Ultrafloc 309
Polyox 303
SS 70
Polyox N 78
Polyox N 80
PT-C 300ZT
PT-T 8-200DL
PEG 200
Polyoxydin
Desmophen L 1208
polyosm
BDH 301
Breox 2000
PEO 400
Cerasol 250A
Polyox N 3000
Polyox N 10
Polyox WSR 303
Polyox WSR-N 303
Carbowax 25000
Polyox WSR-N 78
Polyox 600K
PEG 4000N
CAFO 154
Antarox E4000
PE 68
PE 68 (polyol)
Microsolv PEG 100
PEG 4600
Polyox N 60K
Polydiol 300
Macol E 300
Polyglycol 400
Pluriol E 900
Pluriol E 2000
PEG 1500
Lutrol E 6000
CleanPrep
Carbowax PEG 300
Rhodasurf E 400
Rhodasurf E 600
Rhodasurf E 1000
Fomrez PEG 1000L
Polyox WSR 301
Lipoxol 3000
Lipoxol 6000
Lipoxol 12000
PE 1 (polyether)
PE 2 (polyether)
PE 1
PE 2
Ucarfloc 304
Alkox SR
E 30
Polyox WSR-N 1105
KPEG 6000
PEO 27
PEG 15000
Ucarfloc WSR 303
Ucarfloc 309
SL 300
Ulbon HR 20M
PEG 1450
PMF 100
PEG 6000P
Sed-Fix
Cartaretin E
flock 999
PEG 7M
Pegol 300
E 240
R 1000
Feltmaster 15LF
WRS-N 80
PEO 750N
Polyox WSR 308
Polyox 301
PEG 100
PEG 10000
Forlax
Meisei 4000
Polyox WSR 12K
PEG 1540
Polyox WSR 301B658
Polyox WSR Coag
Macrogol 600P
PEO 2
PEG 4000S
Polyglycol 200
Polyox WSR-N 80NF
N 80NF
P 20000
Polyglycol E
400DAB8
Polyglycol 1500
Ucarfloc Polymer 304
PEG 6000J
Polyox WSR 750
PEG 2000P
PEO 1K1L
PEO 1Z
PEO 3Z
Carbowax 1450
Carbowax PEG 1450
Pluracol 20K
PEO 8Z
polyetox
Carbowax Sentry NF
Polyox WSR N 3000H
PEG 3400
Polyox WSR 10
PER (glycol)
PEB (glycol)
PEB
PER
PEG 24
Polyox 308
Lipoxol 4000
PDF 181001
Sunbright DKH 50H
PEG 3000
Netbond FRA
PEG 5950
PEG 3130
PEG-T 500
Nongeru R 431
SE 8
SE 30
HM 500 (polyoxyalkylene)
SE 8 (polyoxyalkylene)
SE 30 (polyoxyalkylene)
Slovasol 600
Alkox R 100
Alkox E 30G
Lipoxol 400MED
MN 300
PEG 20000P
KPEG 6000LA
Protachem 400
XG 1300
PEG 6000M
FPR (polyether)
Polyox WSR 101
Pluracol E 1450
H 22 (polyether)
H 22
Pluriol 4000
PEO 18P
PEO 8P
Newfrontier PEM 300
Polyglycol E 400
Polyglycol 35000S
E 45
Alkox SW
Priowax 1000
PEG 13000
PEO 18Z
PEG 90M
PEO-PF
MiraLax
PEO 27P
Carbowax E 300
Polyglycol E 8000
Polyglycol 10000
Polyglycol 8000PF
Macrogol 800
Alkox LE
OPE 4
Aqua Calk TWB-P
Carbowax Sentry 300
Macrogol 20000
PF 127
Sunbright DKH 04HB
PEG 3300
PEG 400K
PEG 300K
PEG 200K
PEG 600K
HPEO 4250
Polyox WSR 750NF
PEG 600NF
PEG 400NF
Polyox WSR-N 60KCG
SN 4X5526
SN 4X5527
SN 4X5406
SN 4X5528
Monopole PEG 200
polyethox
Slovakia
Pluriol 1500
PEG 600S
Polywax 1550
Polyglycol 8000
XG 60
XG 300
Sunbright DKH 20T
Polyglycol E 200
Lutrol 75
Polyglycol 4000S
WSR-N 80
Sentry Polyox WSR 301
Sentry Polyox WSR Coagulant
Sentry Polyox WSR 303
Polyglycol 8000S
Maxifloc 998
Polyglycol 8000P
Lutrol 400
U 601
U101
Alkox E 300
R 150
Lanogene C
PEG 35000
Newpol PEG 600
Polyox N 301
Carbowax Sentry PEG 8000
Polyox W 750
W 750
L 300
Polyox WSR 303NF
Maxifloc 999
Polyox 60K
PEO 1NF
Pluracol E 400NF
XG 13000L60
PEG 400-600
E 300
Ucarfloc 300
Pluriol E 8000
Pluriol E 1010
L 6
L 6 (polyoxyalkylene)
PEG 35000S
duraseal
M 3686B
DuraSeal (tissue sealant)
Alkox L 6
Lumulse PEG 200
PEO 10K
Lutrol 300
PE 8
XG 3000
PE 8 (polyether)
YB 5181
Yukol 3553
M 2000H
GlycoLax
Alcox L 11
Carbowax PEG 1000
Carbowax PEG 3350
Carbowax E 1000
Ucarflock 302
Laprol 2502
Pluracol E 6000
M-LE 1013
PEG 9000
PEO 4
Polyglycol 6000S
Polyglycol 6000S
Witconol PEG 400
PEG 750
Polyglycol E 6000
PEG 1000T
WSR-N 60K
WSR Coagulant
WSR-N 12K
PEG 100U
Toho Polyethylene Glycol 1000
Toho Polyethylene Glycol 400
Thorcopeg 200
Colonsoft
pegorion
PEG 4000F
Lipoxol 600
Macrogol PEG 400
P 6608EG2OH
P 5376EG2OH
Cerasol 200A
Alkox L 11
Carbowax PEG 600
B 22181
Polyox WSR 301NF
Polyethylene glycol 20000
Toho Polyethylene Glycol 1540
Toho Polyethylene Glycol 4000
Toho Polyethylene Glycol 6000
POGOL 600
PEK 35 (polyether)
PEK 35
Beraid 3540
Lixopol 600
CO 1006
Polyox WSR-N 12NF
Polyglycol 2000S
Polyox NF
PEG 1700
PEG 800
Lipoxol 1500
Flocc 999
Pluriol E 8005
Alkox L 8
Optima Wax
Alkox 8400
PEG-diol
Lutrol E 300
Kollisolv PEG 300
Kollisolv PEG 400
Lutrol E 1500
Polyox N 10NF
POGOL 300
x 55K
PEO 29
Lipoxol 300
Lipoxol 200
Isocolan
Sunbright DKH 10H
PEG 900
Poly(ethylene oxide)
SpaceOAR
Pluracare E 1500
PW 56
Polyglycol 35000
SK 45T
Polyglycol E 600
PEO-PFZ
HR 20M
Polyox WSR 301LEO-NF
PEO 15Z
PEG-(OH) 2
PEG-E 400
Macrogol 3000
Carbowax PEG Plus
muvinlax
PEG 18947-2
Polyox WSR 303N
Alkox E 75G
PEO WSR-N 12K
PEO WSR Coagulant
PEG 136
Polyoxy N 80
Lumulse 1450
P 20
PEO 1P
Polyox WSR 201
PEO 5
Polyox WSR-N 3000LS
GaviLyte C
Macrogol 6000P
PEO-N 10
Canapeg 300
Blaunon PEG 400
Renex PEG 1500
Renex PEG 1500FL
Renex PEG 1500FL-CQ
Tone E 30
PW 110
PEG 2000U
PEG 700
Lipoxol 3350
Polyox 1105
Polyox N 1105
PEG 20H
Alkox L 100
PEO 3P
PEO 15P
Alkox E 60G
Sibfloc 718
Polyethylene ether glycol
Aqua Cork TWB-P
PEO 6
Zusoplast G 72
Polyethylene Glycol 90M
PEO 18F
Kopex PEG 400
TT 1200
Emulan PS 700
ADwet 90
M 6000
Toho Polyethylene Glycol 600
Alcox L 6
Kollisolve PEG E 400
Alcox CPA 2H
Polypan 4000
Polypan 6000
Pluracol 2000
Pluriol E 600NF
Rhodasurf E 1500
Polyoxyethylene cocco ether
Polyox 205
Polyox WSR 1105LEO
Polyox WSR 303LEO
Macrogol 400EF
Polyox N 740
PEG 14M
Oligoethylene glycol
Polyglycol 12000S
Polyglycol 20000S
Pluriol FT-E 400
WSR 308
Polyglycol 20000SRU
Polyglycol 20000SRU
Zalta MF 3000
Isoxal H
F 3015
BioUltra 87333
BioUltra 81188
BioUltra 81255
PEG 1000L60
DEG 4000
Polyglycol 400
Macrogol 3350
Polyox N 303
N 303
Polyox N 60
Kieralon MRZ
Renex PEG 6000
Carbowax Sentry PEG 400
PEG 0810
PG 600
PG 600 (polyoxyalkylene)
PF 920
Loxanol PL 5814
Polyglycol 12000S
BioUltra 2000
P 103719
P 101344
PEG 220
A 316
Polyglycol 300
A 316 (polyoxyalkylene)
PEO-PFZR
Polyglycol 20000S
PEG 210
A 35872
Polyglycol 3350S
Polyglycol 3350S
Carbowax PEG 4000
Improv Essential DAB 8
Emprove Essential Ph Eur
Supracare 430
Supelco 81206
SD 2003
PEG 200 [Carbowax 200]
Polyethylene Glycol 200
Poly(Ethylene Oxide)
PEO
PEG
PEG
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Polyethyleneglycol 8000
Macrogol 8000
Macrogols 8000
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Polyethyleneglycol 8000
PEG 8k
Polyethylene glycol
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Polyethylene glycol
polyethylene oxide standard 511000
Poly(ethylene oxide)
macrogol
poly(oxyethylene)
Polyethylene glycol PEG
Aquacide III
PEG 1000
PEG 6000, MB Grade (1.12033)
Ethylene glycol 8000 polymer
Polyethyleneglycol
Polyethylene Glycol 5000000
PolyethyleneoxideMW
PEG 200-8000
Tri-(2,3-Dibromopropyl) Phosphate
Polyethylene glycol - 6000 grade
PEG 200
PEG 400
PEG 6000
Poly(ethylene oxide)
PEO
PEG 600
Polyethyleneoxidemonomethacryloxymonotrimethylsiloxyterminated
O-Methacryloxy(polyethyleneoxy)trimethylsilane
PEG
Poly ethylene glycol
Carmowax
carbowax
PEG 8000
Polyethylene glycol series
Polyethylene Glycol
Polyethylene glygcol

Carbowax PEG 300, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 300, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 300 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 300 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 300 is a low-molecular-weight PEG that is commonly used as a solvent or lubricant in various industries.

CAS number: 25322-68-3
EC number: 500-038-2



APPLICATIONS


Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a solvent in pharmaceutical formulations, aiding in the solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 300 serves as a moisturizer and emollient in cosmetic and personal care products, such as lotions, creams, and ointments.

Carbowax PEG 300 acts as a lubricant in various industrial applications, reducing friction and improving material flow.
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized as a plasticizer in the production of adhesives, sealants, and coatings, improving flexibility and workability.
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application as a solvent, dispersing agent, or humectant in chemical processing, aiding in dissolving, dispersing, or suspending substances.
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed as a carrier or solvent for flavors, colors, and food additives in the food industry.

Carbowax PEG 300 is used in textile manufacturing as a lubricant, dye carrier, or sizing agent, improving dyeing processes and enhancing fiber performance.
Carbowax PEG 300 acts as a viscosity modifier and plasticizer in polymer production, improving processability and physical properties.
Carbowax PEG 300 serves as a solvent and wetting agent in industrial cleaning products, facilitating the removal of contaminants.

Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a component in printing inks, improving flow properties, pigment dispersion, and drying characteristics.
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application in agricultural formulations as a solvent, stabilizer, or dispersing agent, enhancing the efficacy and stability of pesticides and herbicides.
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized in the construction industry as an ingredient in mortar and cement formulations, improving workability and water retention.
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed in the paper industry as a sizing agent, improving water resistance and printability.

Carbowax PEG 300 acts as a plasticizer, softening agent, or processing aid in the rubber industry, improving flexibility and processability of rubber compounds.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in the ceramic industry as a binder and plasticizer, improving workability and molding properties of ceramic materials.
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application as an additive in metal coating and electroplating solutions, improving smoothness, adhesion, and uniformity of deposited layers.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used as an additive in fuels to improve stability, lubricity, and combustion properties.

Carbowax PEG 300 is employed in water treatment processes as a flocculant and coagulant aid, helping remove impurities from water.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in textile printing as a thickening agent and dye carrier, enhancing print quality and color yield on textiles.
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application in the formulation of liquid detergents, improving solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in the production of emulsions and suspensions, improving stability and uniformity of these formulations.

Carbowax PEG 300 acts as a humectant in cosmetic formulations, attracting and retaining moisture to enhance skin hydration.
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application in the formulation of antifreeze and deicing products, improving their freeze-thaw resistance and effectiveness.
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized in the production of paints and coatings, improving flow properties, stability, and film formation.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of plastics and synthetic materials, improving processability and product quality.


Carbowax PEG 300 has a range of applications across various industries. Here are some of its common uses:

Pharmaceutical Industry:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a solvent in pharmaceutical formulations, aiding in the solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 300 can also act as a vehicle for drug delivery in topical medications.

Cosmetic and Personal Care Products:
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed in lotions, creams, ointments, and other personal care products as a moisturizer, emollient, and solvent.
Carbowax PEG 300 helps enhance the texture, spreadability, and moisturizing properties of these formulations.

Industrial Lubricants:
Carbowax PEG 300 serves as a lubricant in various industrial processes.
Carbowax PEG 300 reduces friction and improves the flow of materials in applications such as metalworking, cutting fluids, and lubricating greases.

Adhesives and Sealants:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a viscosity modifier and plasticizer in the production of adhesives, sealants, and coatings.
Carbowax PEG 300 helps improve the flexibility and workability of these materials.

Chemical Processing:
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application as a solvent, dispersing agent, or humectant in chemical processing.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used for dissolving, dispersing, or suspending various substances in chemical reactions or manufacturing processes.

Food Industry:
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized as a carrier or solvent for flavors, colors, and food additives in the food industry.
Carbowax PEG 300 helps improve the solubility and dispersion of these ingredients in food products.

Textile Manufacturing:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in textile processing as a lubricant, dye carrier, or sizing agent.
Carbowax PEG 300 aids in the dyeing process, improves the performance of textile fibers, and enhances the quality of the finished textile products.

Polymer Production:
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed in the production of various polymers and resins as a viscosity modifier and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 300 helps improve the processability and physical properties of the final polymer products.

Industrial Cleaning Products:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a solvent and wetting agent in industrial cleaning formulations, facilitating the removal of dirt, oils, and other contaminants from surfaces.

Agriculture:
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed in agricultural formulations, such as pesticides and herbicides, as a solvent, stabilizer, or dispersing agent.
Carbowax PEG 300 helps improve the efficacy and stability of these agricultural products.

Printing and Ink Industry: It finds application as a component in printing inks, where it helps improve the flow properties, pigment dispersion, and drying characteristics of the ink.

Paper Industry:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in the paper industry as a sizing agent, improving the water resistance and printability of paper products.

Construction:
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized in the construction industry as an ingredient in mortar and cement formulations, aiding in workability, adhesion, and water retention.

Rubber Industry:
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed as a plasticizer, softening agent, or processing aid in the rubber industry.
Carbowax PEG 300 improves the flexibility, processability, and physical properties of rubber compounds.

Ceramic Industry:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in the ceramic industry as a binder and plasticizer, enhancing the workability and molding properties of ceramic materials.

Metal Coating and Electroplating:
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized as an additive in metal coating and electroplating solutions to improve the smoothness, adhesion, and uniformity of the deposited metal layers.

Fuel Additives:
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed as an additive in fuels to improve their stability, lubricity, and combustion properties.

Water Treatment:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in water treatment processes as a flocculant and coagulant aid to help remove impurities and suspended particles from water.

Textile Printing:
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application in textile printing as a thickening agent and dye carrier, improving the print quality and color yield on textiles.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax PEG 300, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 300, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 300 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 300 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 300 is a low-molecular-weight PEG that is commonly used as a solvent or lubricant in various industries.

Carbowax PEG 300 is often utilized in pharmaceutical formulations, where it can serve as a vehicle for active ingredients, aid in solubility enhancement, or act as a stabilizer.
Carbowax PEG 300 is also employed in cosmetic and personal care products as a moisturizer, emollient, or solvent.
Additionally, Carbowax PEG 300 finds application in industrial processes as a lubricant, plasticizer, or dispersing agent.

Carbowax PEG 300 exhibits excellent water solubility, low toxicity, and compatibility with a wide range of other substances, making it a versatile compound in different applications.
Carbowax PEG 300 is a low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of approximately 300 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 300 is a clear, viscous liquid with a low volatility.

Carbowax PEG 300 is highly soluble in water.
Carbowax PEG 300 exhibits excellent solubility with a wide range of organic solvents.
Carbowax PEG 300 has a relatively low viscosity, making it easy to handle and mix.
Carbowax PEG 300 is non-toxic and considered safe for various applications.

Carbowax PEG 300 has a mild, almost odorless scent.
Carbowax PEG 300 has good stability under a range of temperature and pH conditions.
Carbowax PEG 300 can act as a hygroscopic agent, absorbing and retaining moisture.

Carbowax PEG 300 is compatible with a variety of other ingredients and materials.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a solvent in pharmaceutical formulations.
Carbowax PEG 300 can enhance the solubility and stability of active ingredients in pharmaceutical products.
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed as a lubricant in various industrial applications.
Carbowax PEG 300 is a common ingredient in cosmetic and personal care products such as lotions, creams, and ointments.
Carbowax PEG 300 provides moisturizing and emollient properties to these formulations.

Carbowax PEG 300 acts as a plasticizer, improving the flexibility and flow of certain materials.
Carbowax PEG 300 is often used as a binder in solid dosage forms, helping to hold tablets or capsules together.

Carbowax PEG 300 can serve as a dispersing agent, aiding in the uniform distribution of ingredients in formulations.
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed as a wetting agent, facilitating the spreading of liquids on solid surfaces.

Carbowax PEG 300 can act as a humectant, attracting and retaining moisture in various products.
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application in the food industry as a carrier or solvent for flavors, colors, and food additives.
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized in the production of adhesives, sealants, and coatings as a viscosity modifier.
Carbowax PEG 300 can act as a defoaming agent, reducing or preventing the formation of foam.



PROPERTIES


Molecular Weight: Approximately 300 g/mol.
Physical State: Clear, viscous liquid.
Odor: Mild, almost odorless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of organic solvents.
Viscosity: Relatively low viscosity.
Volatility: Low volatility.
Stability: Exhibits good stability under varying temperature and pH conditions.
Hygroscopicity: Acts as a hygroscopic agent, absorbing and retaining moisture.
Toxicity: Considered non-toxic and safe for various applications.
Solvent Power: Demonstrates excellent solvent power for a variety of substances.
Lubricity: Provides lubricating properties, reducing friction.
Emollient: Functions as an emollient, enhancing the softness and smoothness of skin.
Humectant: Acts as a humectant, attracting and retaining moisture.
Plasticizer: Serves as a plasticizer, improving flexibility and workability of materials.
Binder: Functions as a binder, aiding in the cohesion and strength of formulations.
Wetting Agent: Acts as a wetting agent, promoting the spreading and wetting of liquids.
Stabilizer: Enhances the stability and shelf life of formulations.
Dispersing Agent: Facilitates the uniform dispersion of ingredients in formulations.
Solvent Efficiency: Provides efficient solubility and compatibility with various substances.
Low Toxicity: Exhibits low toxicity, making it safe for use in diverse applications.
Non-Irritating: Generally non-irritating to the skin and eyes.
Thermal Stability: Retains stability at a wide range of temperatures.
pH Compatibility: Compatible with various pH ranges.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of ingredients and materials used in formulations.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhalation of vapors or mists occurs, move the affected person to an area with fresh air.
If the person is experiencing difficulty breathing, seek medical attention immediately.
If breathing has stopped, provide artificial respiration and seek immediate medical attention.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected skin area with plenty of water.
If irritation or redness develops, wash the area thoroughly with mild soap and water.
Seek medical attention if skin irritation persists or if a large area of skin is affected.


Eye Contact:

Rinse the eyes immediately and continuously with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, keeping the eyelids open.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if there is no initial discomfort or irritation.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide the medical staff with detailed information on the product ingested.


General Advice:

Remove contaminated clothing and thoroughly clean before reuse.
If symptoms develop or persist after initial first aid, seek medical attention.
Provide medical personnel with relevant information about the product, its ingredients, and the exposure.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Ensure adequate ventilation in the working area to minimize the risk of inhalation of vapors or mists.
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, to prevent skin and eye contact.
Avoid breathing vapors or mists.

If working with the product in an enclosed space, use respiratory protection if necessary.
Use appropriate engineering controls, such as local exhaust ventilation, to maintain airborne concentrations below recommended exposure limits.
Avoid contact with incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents or reactive chemicals.
Handle the product in accordance with good industrial hygiene practices.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Carbowax PEG 300.


Storage:

Store Carbowax PEG 300 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Keep the container tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation.
Store the product away from incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents or reactive chemicals.
Ensure proper labeling and segregation to prevent accidental misuse or mixing with other substances.

Follow any specific storage requirements provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or manufacturer's instructions.
Store the product in containers made of suitable materials that are compatible with Carbowax PEG 300.
Keep the product out of the reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Implement appropriate measures to prevent spills, leaks, or releases during storage.


Transportation:

When transporting Carbowax PEG 300, ensure compliance with applicable local, national, and international regulations.
Use appropriate containers and packaging to prevent spills or leaks during transportation.
Secure the containers properly to prevent damage or breakage.
Follow any specific transportation requirements provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or regulatory guidelines.


Disposal:

Dispose of Carbowax PEG 300 in accordance with local regulations and applicable waste disposal guidelines.
Do not dispose of the product in water sources or sewer systems unless permitted by authorities.
Consult with appropriate waste management professionals or authorities for proper disposal methods and facilities.



SYNONYMS


Polyethylene Glycol 300
PEG 300
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 300
Polyethylene oxide 300
Macrogol 300
Polyethylene Glycol 300
PEG 300
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 300
Polyethylene oxide 300
Macrogol 300
Carbowax 300
Polyglycol 300
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 300
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 300
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 300
PEG 300 monomethyl ether
PEG 300 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 300 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 300
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 300
Carbowax MPEG 300
Carbowax mPEG 300
Carbowax PM300
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 300
Polyethylene glycol 300 monostearate
PEG 300 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 300
PEG stearate 300
Polyethylene Glycol 300
PEG 300
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 300
Polyethylene oxide 300
Macrogol 300
Carbowax 300
Polyglycol 300
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 300
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 300
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 300
PEG 300 monomethyl ether
PEG 300 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 300 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 300
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 300
Carbowax MPEG 300
Carbowax mPEG 300
Carbowax PM300
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 300
Polyethylene glycol 300 monostearate
PEG 300 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 300
PEG stearate 300
Polyethylene glycol ether 300
PEG ether 300
Polyethylene glycol derivative 300
PEG derivative 300
Carbowax PEG MW 300
PEG 300 monomethylether
Polyethylene oxide monomethyl ether 300
PEG 300 methoxypolyethylene glycol
Carbowax PEG 3000
PEG 300 polyethylene glycol
Carbowax Polyglycol 300
Carbowax MPEG 3000
Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether 300
PEG 300 monobutyl ether
Carbowax Butyl PEG 300