Polyethylene glycol 300 is a clear, colorless, and odorless liquid that is used in a variety of applications due to its properties as a solvent, plasticizer, surfactant, and lubricant.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is soluble in water, acetone, alcohols, benzene, glycerin, glycols, and aromatic hydrocarbons.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is not miscible with aliphatic hydrocarbons and diethyl ether.

CAS Number: 25322-68-3
EINECS Number: 500-038-2

Synonyms: Polyethylene Glycol 300, Macrogol 300, PEG 300, PEG-6, 5655G9Y8AQ, PEG-300, 220-045-1, CHEBI:49793, CARBOWAX PEG 300, JEECHEM 300, LIPO POLYGLYCOL 300, LIPOXOL 300 MED, LUMULSE PEG 300, NSC-201209, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 300 (II), POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 300 (USP-RS), POLYGLYKOL 300, SABOPEG 300, TOHO PEG NO. 300, UPIWAX 300

Polyethylene glycol 300 is a polyether compound derived from petroleum with many applications, from industrial manufacturing to medicine.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is also known as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyoxyethylene (POE), depending on its molecular weight.
The structure of PEG is commonly expressed as H−(O−CH2−CH2)n−OH.

Polyethylene Glycol 300 commonly referred to as PEG 300, is a polyether compound that is used in a wide variety of fields including pharmaceutical manufacturing as an excipient and active ingredient.
Due to its low toxicity it can be used as a lubricating coating for various surfaces in aqueous and non-aqueous environments, a reagent in biochemistry to create very high osmotic pressures, a polar stationary phase for gas chromatography and as a binder.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a type of polyethylene glycol, which is a polymer made from ethylene oxide and water.

Therefore, reaction products can be extracted from the reaction media with those solvents.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a polymer which is hydrolyzed by ethylene oxide.
Polyethylene glycol 300 has no toxicity and irritation.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is widely used in various pharmaceutical preparations.
The toxicity of low molecular weight Polyethylene glycol 300 is relatively large.
In general, the toxicity of diols is very low.

Topical application of Polyethylene glycol 300, especially mucosal drug, can cause irritant pain.
In topical lotion, Polyethylene glycol 300 can increase the flexibility of the skin, and has a similar moisturizing effect with glycerin.
Diarrhoea can occur in large doses of oral administration.

In injection, the maximum polyethylene glycol 300 concentration is about 30% (V/V).
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a non-ionic hydrophilic polymer and is available in different molecular weights.
Polyethylene glycol 300 either exists in the form of a linear or branched structure.

Polyethylene glycol 300 aids in the purification and crystal growth of proteins and nucleic acids.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a clear, colorless, viscous liquid.
Due in part to its low toxicity, PEG 300 is widely used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is strongly hydrophilic.
The partition coefficient of Polyethylene glycol 300 between hexane and water is 0.000015 (log𝑃=−4.8{\displaystyle P=-4.8}), indicating that when Polyethylene glycol 300 is mixed with water and hexane, there are only 15 parts of Polyethylene glycol 300 in the hexane layer per 1 million parts of PEG 400 in the water layer.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a low-molecular-weight grade of polyethylene glycol.

A study developed an in vitro testing model for ventricular shunt materials, highlighting the utility of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) as an antifouling coating, potentially improving shunt performance in clinical settings.
Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties in hydrogels: Research on Polyethylene glycol 300 hydrogels incorporated with Imidazolium Poly(ionic liquids) microspheres demonstrated enhanced antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting applications in medical coatings and drug delivery systems.

A study described the development of a Gellan Gum, Polyethylene glycol 300, and Hydroxyapatite composite scaffold, enhanced with Ginseng derived Compound K, which offers potential applications in bone regeneration and tissue engineering.
A comprehensive review discussed the advances and challenges in achieving uniform Polyethylene glycol 300, which is critical for its consistency in various industrial and pharmaceutical applications.
AI-Driven optimization of electrospun scaffolds: A study utilized artificial intelligence to optimize PCL/PEG electrospun scaffolds, significantly enhancing in vivo wound healing capabilities, highlighting its potential for medical textiles and tissue engineering applications.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is one of the most commonly used chemical polyethers in manufacturing, medicine and many other applications.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is available in multiple forms for various uses. The most common way of differentiating between PEGs is by molecular weight.
For example, Polyethylene glycol 300 refers to a polyethylene glycol product with an average weight of 300 daltons.

Acme-Hardesty produces a bio-based Polyethylene glycol 300 product for a wide range of manufacturing processes.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is not derived from raw petroleum materials, making it a more sustainable choice for any environmentally conscious manufacturer.
Keep reading to learn more about potential applications for our PEG 300 product.

Polyethylene glycol 300 and related polymers (PEG phospholipid constructs) are often sonicated when used in biomedical applications.
However, as reported by Murali et al., Polyethylene glycol 300 is very sensitive to sonolytic degradation and PEG degradation products can be toxic to mammalian cells.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is, thus, imperative to assess potential PEG degradation to ensure that the final material does not contain undocumented contaminants that can introduce artifacts into experimental results.

Polyethylene glycol 300 and methoxypolyethylene glycols are manufactured by Dow Chemical under the trade name Carbowax for industrial use, and Carbowax Sentry for food and pharmaceutical use.
They vary in consistency from liquid to solid, depending on the molecular weight, as indicated by a number following the name.
They are used commercially in numerous applications, including foods, in cosmetics, in pharmaceutics, in biomedicine, as dispersing agents, as solvents, in ointments, in suppository bases, as tablet excipients, and as laxatives.

Some specific groups are lauromacrogols, nonoxynols, octoxynols, and poloxamers.
Polyethylene glycol 300 along with dextran is used to achieve an aqueous polymer two-phase system, which is essential for the purification of biological materials.
Polyethylene glycol 300 permits cell fusion through its interaction with the cell membrane.

Polyethylene glycol 300 has been used in the production of monoclonal antibodies.
Polyethylene glycol 300, NF acts as a lubricant, coating the surfaces in aqueous and non-aqueous environments.

All SpectrumPolyethylene glycol 300 grade products are manufactured, packaged and stored under current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP).
The low-molecular weight liquid Polyethylene glycol 300 is an excellent solvent for a large number of substances that do not readily dissolve in water.

Melting point: 64-66 °C
Boiling point: >250°C
Tg: -67
Density: 1.27 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: refractive index: n20/D 1.469
Flash point: 270 °C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless
form: waxy solid
color: White to very pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.128
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Viscosity: 1,650-3,850cp (1% solution @ 25C)
Viscosity: 11cs (99C)
Viscosity: 4.5cs (99C)
Viscosity: 5,500-8,000cp (1% solution @ 25C)
Viscosity: 6cs (99C)
Viscosity: 7.4cs (99C)
Viscosity: 750cp (5% solution @ 25C)
Viscosity: 75cp (5% solution @ 25C)
Viscosity: 8,000cs (99C)
Viscosity: 8,800-17,600cp (5% solution @ 25C)
Viscosity: 93cs (99C)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.6
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.3
Merck: 14,7568
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: -0.698 at 25℃

They are therefore widely used as solvents and solubilising agents for active substances and excipients in liquid and semi-solid preparations.
Liver cytochorome Polyethylene glycol 300 enzymes may also play a role in the oxidation of PEG, although the evidence for this is not clear 12.
Also, Polyethylene glycol 300 has been shown to be metabolized by sulfotransferase enzymes.

Although there is evidence that Polyethylene glycol 300 can be metabolized to various phase 1 and phase 2 metabolites, the toxicology data presented above indicate that these metabolites are of very little toxicological concern.
However, metabolism of Polyethylene glycol 300 to the acid metabolite(s) has been implicated in the acidosis and hypercalcemia observed in patients after overdose 12.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is clear that these metabolites can be formed in multiple toxicology species and that the phase 1 metabolites are seen in animals and humans.

These data indicate that humans and animals will be exposed to similar metabolites after administration of PEG 12.
Metabolic clearance of Polyethylene glycol 300 decreases markedly as molecular weight increases.
Polyethylene glycol 300, up to 25% of the dose may be metabolized in humans (Schaffer et al., 1950); similar results are also seen in the rabbit 12.

Polyethylene glycol 300 by the oral route is molecular weight- dependent.
Urinary recovery data for PEG400 indicate that 50 to 60% of Polyethylene glycol 300 with this molecular weight is absorbed from the intestine 12.
In the case of Polyethylene glycol 300, up to 25% of the dose may be metabolized in humans.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is also known as polyoxirane (PEO).
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a linear polyether obtained by ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide.
The viscosity of polyethylene glycol solution is sensitive to the shear rate and it is not easy for bacteria to grow on polyethylene glycol.

The condensation polymer of ethylene oxide and water.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a cream matrix for preparing water-soluble drugs.
Polyethylene glycol 300 can also be used as a solvent for acetylsalicylic acid and caffeine, which is difficult to dissolve in water.

Drug sustained-release and immobilized enzyme carrier.
The polyethylene glycol solution is applied to the outer layer of the pill to control the diffusion of drugs in the pill so as to improve the efficacy.
Surface modification of medical polymer materials.

The biocompatibility of medical polymer materials in contact with blood can be improved by adsorption, interception and grafting of two amphiphilic copolymers containing Polyethylene glycol 300 on the surface of medical polymers.
Polyethylene glycol 300 can make the membrane of the alkanol contraceptive pill.
Polyethylene glycol 300 can make hydrophilic anticoagulant polyurethane.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is an osmotic laxative.
Polyethylene glycol 300 can increase osmotic pressure and absorb moisture in the intestinal cavity, which makes the stool soften and increase in volume, resulting in bowel movement and defecation.
Polyethylene glycol 300 nontoxic and gelatinous nature can be used as a component of denture fixer.

Polyethylene glycol 300 are commonly used to promote cell fusion or protoplast fusion and help organisms (such as yeasts) to take DNA in transformation.
Polyethylene glycol 300 absorbs water from the solution, so it is also used to concentrate the solution.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a clear, colorless liquid that is made from sugar cane waste so it is naturally derived and renewable.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is completely soluble in water and has an average molecular weight of 380 - 420.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is another group of products with an incredibly long list of uses and applications from industrial uses to food and pharma, and everything in between.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a high quality research product used as multipurpose polymer of ethelyne glycol for various biochemical, molecular biology and molecular diagnostic applications.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is a polyether compound with many applications from industrial manufacturing to medicine.
Applications of Polyethylene glycol 300 include uses in cosmetics, personal care products in which it is used as a solvent and humectant.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used in a wide range of lubricant applications due to their low volatility, solubility in water, and natural lubricity

The ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide is readily effected by a variety of ionic reagents and several types of polymer have been prepared.
For commercial purposes, poly(ethylene oxide)s of low molecular weight and of very high molecular weight are of interest.
Polyethylene glycol 300s of low molecular weight, i.e. below about 3000, are generally prepared by passing ethylene oxide into Polyethylene glycol 300 and about 0.3 MPa (3 atmospheres) pressure, using an alkaline initiator such as sodium hydroxide.

The polymers produced by these methods are thus terminated mainly by hydroxy groups (a few unsaturated end-groups are also formed) and are often referred to as poly(ethylene glycol)s.
Polyethylene glycol 300s with molecular weights in the range 200-600 are viscous liquids which find use as surfactants in inks and paints and as humectants.
At molecular weights above about 600, poly(ethylene glycol)s are low-melting waxy solids, uses of which include pharmaceutical and cosmetic bases, lubricants and mould release agents.

Polyethylene glycol 300 may be noted that homogeneous cationic polymerization of ethylene oxide also generally leads to low molecular weight products; typical initiators include aluminium chloride, boron trifluoride and titanium tetrachloride.
Systems of this type are not utilized on a commercial scale.
Polyethylene glycol 300s of molecular weight ranging from about 100000 to 5 x 106 and above are available.

Details of the techniques used to manufacture these polymers have not been disclosed, but the essential feature is the use of (generally) heterogeneous initiator systems.
Effective initiators are mainly of two types, namely alkaline earth compounds (e.g. carbonates and oxides of calcium, barium and strontium) and organometallic compounds (e.g. aluminium and zinc alkyls and alkoxides, commonly with added coinitiators).
The precise modes of action of these initiators have not, as yet, been fully resolved.

However, Polyethylene glycol 300 is now generally thought that polymerization occurs through a co-ordinated anionic mechanism, in which the ethylene oxide is coordinated to the initiator through an unshared electron pair on the oxirane oxygen atom.
Unlike the low molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide)s, the high molecular weight polymers are tough and extensible.
They are highly crystalline, with a melting point of 66??C.

Unlike most water-soluble polymers, the high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide)s may be melt processed; they may be injection moulded, extruded and calendered without difficulty.
Polyethylene glycol 300s are soluble in an unusually broad range of solvents, which includes water; chlorinated hydrocarbons such as carbon tetrachloride and methylene dichloride; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; and alcohols such as methanol and isopropanol.

There is an upper temperature limit of solubility in water for the high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide)s; this varies with concentration and molecular weight but is usually between 90 and 100??C.
Water-solubility is due to the ability of the polyether to form hydrogen bonds with water; these bonds are broken when the temperature is raised, restoring the anhydrous polymer which is precipated from the solution.
High molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide)s find use as water-soluble packaging films and capsules for such products as laundry powders, colour concentrates, tablets and seeds.

In solution, the polymers are used as thickeners in pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations, textile sizes and latex stabilizers.
Dissolves many drugs and active ingredients to form clear, stable solutions.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used in drug formulations to ensure the stability and bioavailability of the active ingredients.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is used in over-the-counter laxative products like MiraLAX, aiding in bowel movements by retaining water in the stool.
Provides a smooth and soft texture to creams and lotions, enhancing their spreadability.
Helps bind together ingredients in solid products like pressed powders and tablets.

Helps active ingredients penetrate the skin more effectively.
Reduces friction between moving parts in machinery and industrial processes.
Polyethylene glycol 300 improves the flexibility and durability of plastics and resins.

Polyethylene glycol 300 reduces static electricity buildup in manufacturing processes involving plastics and textiles.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used in products like candy and confectionery to maintain moisture and improve texture.
Helps evenly distribute flavors, colors, and other additives in food products.

Facilitates the smooth operation of surgical instruments and reduces wear and tear.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used to coat medical devices to reduce friction and improve biocompatibility.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is generally recognized as safe by regulatory agencies such as the FDA.

Non-toxic when used in appropriate amounts, but excessive ingestion can lead to gastrointestinal disturbances.
Biodegradable, but high concentrations in water bodies can affect aquatic life.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used as a carrier for pesticides and herbicides to improve their effectiveness.

Acts as a dispersing agent and helps improve the flow and leveling properties of paints.
Enhances the performance of adhesives by improving flexibility and reducing brittleness.
Should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and moisture.

Generally safe to handle, but standard precautions such as wearing gloves and safety goggles are recommended.
Polyethylene glycol 300 was obtained by polymerization of ethylene oxide in an autoclave at 80-100°C using as a catalyst dipotassium alcogolate of Polyethylene glycol 300.
Dipotassium alcogolate of Polyethylene glycol 300 was synthesized by a heating of the dry mixture of Polyethylene glycol 300 and potassium hydroxide.

The molecular weight of polymer was regulated by the ratio of monomer:catalyst.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is the ability of PEGs to form complexes with active substances that is responsible for their excellent solvent power.
However, equilibrium constants for complex formation vary considerably from one substance to another, and certain drugs such as Penicillin G and Bacitracin can even become inactivated.

The effect of the Polyethylene glycol 300 on the efficacy and absorbtion of a drug must therefore always be determined in tests.
With regard to incompatible substances, please see the remarks in the European Pharmacopoeia, Vol. II/3, Monographs M1, Macrogol 300, p. 3.
Polyethylene glycol 300s can also be used to adjust the viscosity of liquid pharmaceutical preparations and ointments, to modify their absorption properties and to stabilise the preparation.

Polyethylene glycol 300 are products made of condensed ethylene oxide and water that can contain various derivatives and have various functions.
Because many Polyethylene glycol 300 types are hydrophilic, they are favorably used as enhancers of penetration, and used heavily in topical dermatological preparations.
Polyethylene glycol 300, along with their many nonionic derivatives, are widely utilized in cosmetic products as surfactants, emulsifiers, cleansing agents, humectants, and skin conditioners.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is a low-molecular-weight grade of polyethylene glycol with a low-level toxicity.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is very hydrophilic, which renders it a useful ingredient in drug formulations to augment the solubility and bioavailability of weakly water-soluble drugs.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used in ophthalmic solutions for the relief of burning, irritation and/or discomfort that follows dryness of the eye 7.

Polyethylene oxide, or high-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol, is synthesized by suspension polymerization.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is necessary to hold the growing polymer chain in solution in the course of the polycondensation process.
The reaction is catalyzed by magnesium-, aluminium-, or calcium-organoelement compounds.

To prevent coagulation of polymer chains from solution, chelating additives such as dimethylglyoxime are used.
Alkaline catalysts such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), or sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) are used to prepare low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a water-miscible polyether with an average molecular weight of 300 g/mol.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is a clear viscous liquid at room temperature with non-volatile, stable properties.
Polyethylene glycol 300 are widely used in biochemistry, structural biology, and medicine in addition to pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
They serve as solubilizers, excipients, lubricants, and chemical reagents.

Low molecular weight glycols are observed to exhibit antibacterial properties as well.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is found in eye drops as a lubricant to temporarily relieve redness, burning and irritation of the eyes.
Polyethylene glycol 300 are made of condensed ethylene oxide and water.

They are widely used in cosmetic products as surfactants, emulsifiers, cleansing agents, humectants, and skin conditioners.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a colourless liquid that acts as a lubricant, coating curfaces in both aqueous and non-aqueous environments.
Low molecular weight glycols are also observed to exhibit antibacterial properties.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is commonly found in eye drops as a lubricant to temporarily relieve redness, burning and irritation of the eyes.
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards
These Secondary Standards are qualified as Certified Reference Materials.

These are suitable for use in several analytical applications including but not limited to pharma release testing, pharma method development for qualitative and quantitative analyses, food and beverage quality control testing, and other calibration requirements.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is one of the most commonly used chemical polyethers in manufacturing, medicine and many other applications.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is available in multiple forms for various uses.

The most common way of differentiating between Polyethylene glycol 300 is by molecular weight.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used as a base for skin creams and other personal care products, as well as a solvent and viscosity modifier in soaps and detergents.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is also used to process rubber, plastics and textiles, as an additive in lubricants and grease, and as a humectant, dye carrier and binder in paints and inks.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is colorless, almost odorless and tasteless liquid at room temperature.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is manufactured by alkali-catalysed polymerization of ethylene oxide with subsequent neutralization of the catalyst.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used as an inactive ingredient in the pharmaceutical industry as a solvent, plasticizer, surfactant, ointment and suppository base, and tablet and capsule lubricant.

Polyethylene glycol 300 has low toxicity with systemic absorption less than 0.5%.
Polyethylene glycol 300 indicates the average molecular weight of the specific PEG at 400.PEG 3350 is a laxative.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a liquid PEG excipient grade product, produced under IPEC GMP conditions.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is a polyether compound with many applications from industrial manufacturing to medicine.
Polyethylene glycol 300 commonly referred to as PEG 300, is a polyether compound that is used in a wide variety of fields including pharmaceutical manufacturing as an excipient and active ingredient.
Due to its low toxicity, Polyethylene glycol 300 can be used as a lubricating coating for various surfaces in aqueous and non-aqueous environments, a reagent in biochemistry to create very high osmotic pressures, a polar stationary phase for gas chromatography and as a binder.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is a water-miscible polyether widely used in biochemistry, structural biology, and medicine in addition to pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
Polyethylene glycol 300 serves as a kind of solubilizer, excipient, lubricant, and chemical reagent.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a clear, colorless liquid that is made from sugar cane waste so it is naturally derived and renewable.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is completely soluble in water and has an average molecular weight of 288 - 311.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is another group of products with an incredibly long list of uses and applications from industrial uses to food and pharma, and everything in between.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is PEG-6-based plasticizer and mold release agent.

Polyethylene glycol 300 possesses lubricity and humectant properties.
Polyethylene glycol 300 maintains wet-tack strength.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is a water-miscible polyether with an average molecular weight of 300 g/mol.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a clear viscous liquid at room temperature with non-volatile, stable properties.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is widely used in biochemistry, structural biology, and medicine in addition to pharmaceutical and chemical industries.

They serve as solubilizers, excipients, lubricants, and chemical reagents.
Low molecular weight glycols are observed to exhibit antibacterial properties as well.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is found in eye drops as a lubricant to temporarily relieve redness, burning and irritation of the eyes.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is a neutral and biocompatible hydrophilic polymer.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is usually used to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides to increase their solubility.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used as a moisturizer, solubiliser in antiperspirant and deodorants, shampoos and liquid soap, hair styling products, bar soaps and oral care products as a stabilizer and wetting agent for drilling.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is a polymer which is hydrolyzed by ethylene oxide.
Polyethylene glycol 300 has no toxicity and irritation.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is widely used in various pharmaceutical preparations.

The toxicity of low molecular weight polyethylene glycol is relatively large.
In general, the toxicity of diols is very low.
Topical application of Polyethylene glycol 300, especially mucosal drug, can cause irritant pain.

In topical lotion, Polyethylene glycol 300 can increase the flexibility of the skin, and has a similar moisturizing effect with glycerin.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a family of linear polymers formed by a base-catalyzed condensation reaction with repeating ethylene oxide units being added to ethylene.
The molecular formula is (C2H4O)multH2O where mult denotes the average number of oxyethylene groups.

The molecular weight can range from 200 to several million corresponding to the number of oxyethylene groups.
The higher-molecular-weight materials (100 000 to 5 000 000) are also referred to as polyethylene oxides.
The average molecular weight of any specific polyethylene glycol product falls within quite narrow limits (°5%).

The number of ethylene oxide units or their approximate molecular weight commonly designates the nomenclature of specific polyethylene glycols.
Polyethylene glycol 300 with amolecular weight less than 600 are liquid, whereas those of molecular weight 1000 and above are solid.
These materials are nonvolatile, water-soluble, tasteless, and odorless.

They are miscible with water, alcohols, esters, ketones, aromatic solvents, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, but immiscible with alkanes, paraffins, waxes, and ethers.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a binder, coating agent, dispersing agent, flavoring adjuvant, and plasticizing agent that is a clear, colorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid resembling paraffin (white, waxy, or flakes), with a ph of 4.0–7.5 in 1:20 concentration.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is soluble in water (mw 1,000) and many organic solvents.
Polyethylene glycol 300 molecules of approximately 2000 monomers.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is used in various applications from industrial chemistry to biological chemistry.
Recent research has shown Polyethylene glycol 300 maintains the ability to aid the spinal cord injury recovery process, helping the nerve impulse conduction process in animals.

Uses:
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used as an additive in lubricants and adhesives, as well as as a dye carrier and binder in paints and inks.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used as an excipient in many pharmaceutical products, in oral, topical, and parenteral dosage forms.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is the basis of a number of laxatives (as MiraLax, RestoraLAX, etc.).

Whole bowel irrigation with Polyethylene glycol 300 and added electrolytes is used for bowel preparation before surgery or colonoscopy or for children with constipation.
Macrogol (with brand names such as Laxido, Movicol and Miralax) is the generic name for polyethylene glycol used as a laxative.
The name may be followed by a number which represents the average molecular weight (e.g. macrogol 3350, macrogol 4000 or macrogol 6000).

The possibility that Polyethylene glycol 300 could be used to fuse axons is being explored by researchers studying peripheral nerve and spinal cord injury.
An example of Polyethylene glycol 300 hydrogels (see Biological uses section) in a therapeutic has been theorized by Ma et al.
They propose using the hydrogel to address periodontitis (gum disease) by encapsulating stem cells in the gel that promote healing in the gums.

The gel with encapsulated stem cells was to be injected into the site of disease and crosslinked to create the microenvironment required for the stem cells to function.
Polyethylene glycol 300 of adenoviruses for gene therapy can help prevent adverse reactions due to pre-existing adenovirus immunity.
A Polyethylene glycol 300 lipid is used as an excipient in both the Moderna and Pfizer–BioNTech vaccines for SARS-CoV-2.

Both RNA vaccines consist of messenger RNA, or mRNA, encased in a bubble of oily molecules called lipids.
Proprietary lipid technology is used for each. In both vaccines, the bubbles are coated with a stabilizing molecule of polyethylene glycol.
Polyethylene glycol 300 could trigger allergic reaction, and allergic reactions are the driver for both the United Kingdom and Canadian regulators to issue an advisory, noting that: two "individuals in the U.K.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is also commonly used as a polar stationary phase for gas chromatography, as well as a heat transfer fluid in electronic testers.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is frequently used to preserve waterlogged wood and other organic artifacts that have been salvaged from underwater archaeological contexts, as was the case with the warship Vasa in Stockholm, and similar cases.
Polyethylene glycol 300 replaces water in wooden objects, making the wood dimensionally stable and preventing warping or shrinking of the wood when it dries.

In addition, Polyethylene glycol 300 is used when working with green wood as a stabilizer, and to prevent shrinkage.
Polyethylene glycol 300 has been used to preserve the painted colors on Terracotta Warriors unearthed at a UNESCO World Heritage site in China.
These painted artifacts were created during the Qin Shi Huang (first emperor of China) era.

Within 15 seconds of the terra-cotta pieces being unearthed during excavations, the lacquer beneath the paint begins to curl after being exposed to the dry Xi'an air.
The paint would subsequently flake off in about four minutes.
The German Bavarian State Conservation Office developed a Polyethylene glycol 300 preservative that when immediately applied to unearthed artifacts has aided in preserving the colors painted on the pieces of clay soldiers.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is often used (as an internal calibration compound) in mass spectrometry experiments, with its characteristic fragmentation pattern allowing accurate and reproducible tuning.
Polyethylene glycol 300 derivatives, such as narrow range ethoxylates, are used as surfactants.
Polyethylene glycol 300 has been used as the hydrophilic block of amphiphilic block copolymers used to create some polymersomes.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is a component of the propellent used in UGM-133M Trident II Missiles, in service with the United States Navy.
Polyethylene glycol 300 has been used as a solvent for aryl thioether synthesis.
An example study was done using PEG-diacrylate hydrogels to recreate vascular environments with the encapsulation of endothelial cells and macrophages.

This model furthered vascular disease modeling and isolated macrophage phenotype's effect on blood vessels.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is commonly used as a crowding agent in in vitro assays to mimic highly crowded cellular conditions.
Although Polyethylene glycol 300 is considered biologically inert, it can form non-covalent complexes with monovalent cations such as Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+, affecting equilibrium constants of biochemical reactions.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is commonly used as a precipitant for plasmid DNA isolation and protein crystallization.
X-ray diffraction of protein crystals can reveal the atomic structure of the proteins.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used to fuse two different types of cells, most often B-cells and myelomas in order to create hybridomas.

In microbiology, Polyethylene glycol 300 precipitation is used to concentrate viruses.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is also used to induce complete fusion (mixing of both inner and outer leaflets) in liposomes reconstituted in vitro.
Gene therapy vectors (such as viruses) can be Polyethylene glycol 300-coated to shield them from inactivation by the immune system and to de-target them from organs where they may build up and have a toxic effect.

The size of the Polyethylene glycol 300 polymer has been shown to be important, with larger polymers achieving the best immune protection.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a component of stable nucleic acid lipid particles (SNALPs) used to package siRNA for use in vivo.
In blood banking, Polyethylene glycol 300 is used as a potentiator to enhance detection of antigens and antibodies.

When working with phenol in a laboratory situation, Polyethylene glycol 300 can be used on phenol skin burns to deactivate any residual phenol.
In biophysics, Polyethylene glycol 300s are the molecules of choice for the functioning ion channels diameter studies, because in aqueous solutions they have a spherical shape and can block ion channel conductance.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is a condensation polymers of ethylene oxide and water with the general formula H(OCH2CH2)nOH, where n is the average number of repeating oxyethylene groups typically from 4 to about 180.

The low molecular weight members from n=2 to n=4 are diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and tetraethylene glycol respectively, which are produced as pure compounds.
The low molecular weight compounds upto 700 are colorless, odorless viscous liquids with a freezing point from -10 C (diethylene gycol), while polymerized compounds with higher molecular weight than 1,000 are waxlike solids with melting point upto 67 C for n 180.

The abbreviation Polyethylene glycol 300 is termed in combination with a numeric suffix which indicates the average molecular weights.
One common feature of Polyethylene glycol 300 appears to be the water-soluble.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is soluble also in many organic solvents including aromatic hydrocarbons (not aliphatics).

They are used to make emulsifying agents and detergents, and as plasticizers, humectants, and water-soluble textile lubricants.
The wide range of chain lengths provide identical physical and chemical properties for the proper application selections directly or indirectly in the field of; Alkyd and polyester resin preparation to enhance water dispersability and water-based coatings.
Antidusting agent in agricultural formulations Brightening effect and adhesion enhance in electroplating and electroplating process.

Cleaners, detergents and soaps with low volatility and low toxicity solvent properties.
Coupling agent, humectant, solvent and lubricant in cosmetics and personal care bases.
Dimensional stabilizer in wood working operations Dye carrier in paints and inks Heat transfer fluid formulation and defoamer formulations.

Polyethylene glycol 300 low volatilie, water soluble, and noncorrosive lubricant without staining residue in food and package process.
Polyethylene glycol 300 mold release agent and lubricant in fabricating elastomers Paper coating for antisticking, color stabilizing, good gloss and free flow in calendering operations.
Plasticizer to increase lubricity and to impart a humectant property in ceramic mass, adhesives and binders.

Softener and antistatic agent for textiles Soldering fluxes with good spreading property.
Polyethylene glycol is non-toxic, odorless, neutral, lubricating, nonvolatile and nonirritating and is used in a variety of pharmaceuticals and in medications as a solven, dispensing agent, ointment and suppository bases, vehicle, and tablet excipient.
Polyethylene glycol 300 molecules of approximately 2000 monomers.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is used in various applications from industrial chemistry to biological chemistry.
Recent research has shown Polyethylene glycol 300 m aintains the ability to aid the spinal cord injury recovery process, helping the nerve impulse conduction process in animals.
In rats, it has been shown to aid in the repair of severed sciatic axons, helping with nerve damage recovery.

Polyethylene glycol 300 is used in a number of toothpastes as a dispersant. In this application, it binds water and helps keep xanthan gum uniformly distributed throughout the toothpaste.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is under investigation for use in liquid body armor, and in tattoos to monitor diabetes.
Polymer segments derived from PEG polyols impart flexibility to polyurethanes for applications such as elastomeric fibers (spandex) and foam cushions.

In low-molecular-weight formulations (e.g. PEG 400), it is used in Hewlett-Packard designjet printers as an ink solvent and lubricant for the print heads.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used as an anti-foaming agent in food and drinks – its INS number is 1521[33] or E1521 in the EU.
A nitrate ester-plasticized Polyethylene glycol 300 is used in Trident II submarine-launched ballistic missile solid rocket fuel.

Dimethyl ethers of Polyethylene glycol 300 are the key ingredient of Selexol, a solvent used by coal-burning, integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants to remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from the syngas stream.
Polyethylene glycol 300 has been used as the gate insulator in an electric double-layer transistor to induce superconductivity in an insulator.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used as a polymer host for solid polymer electrolytes.

Although not yet in commercial production, many groups around the globe are engaged in research on solid polymer electrolytes involving Polyethylene glycol 300, with the aim of improving their properties, and in permitting their use in batteries, electro-chromic display systems, and other products in the future.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is injected into industrial processes to reduce foaming in separation equipment.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used as a binder in the preparation of technical ceramics.

Polyethylene glycol 300 was used as an additive to silver halide photographic emulsions.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is used to extend the size and durability of very large soap bubbles.
Polyethylene glycol 300 is the main ingredient in many personal lubricants.[citation needed] (Not to be confused with propylene glycol.)

Polyethylene glycol 300 is the main ingredient in the paint (known as "fill") in paintballs.
A 2015 study used a high-sensitivity ELISA assay to detect anti-PEG antibodies in 72% of plasma samples collected from 1990–1999, suggesting that anti-Polyethylene glycol 300 antibodies may be present (typically at low levels) even amongst people never treated with PEGylated drugs.

Due to its ubiquity in a multitude of products and the large percentage of the population with antibodies to PEG, hypersensitive reactions to PEG are an increasing concern.
Allergy to PEG is usually discovered after a person has been diagnosed with an allergy to an increasing number of seemingly unrelated products, including processed foods, cosmetics, drugs, and other substances that contain Polyethylene glycol 300 or were manufactured with PEG.

Safety Profile:
Polyethylene glycol 300's have "very low singledose oral toxicity", on the order of tens of grams per kg body weight (oral).
Because of its low toxicity, Polyethylene glycol 300 is used in a variety of edible products.
The polymer is used as a lubricating coating for various surfaces in aqueous and non-aqueous environments.

The precursor to PEGs is ethylene oxide, which is hazardous.
Polyethylene glycol 300 and its ethers are nephrotoxic if applied to damaged skin.