CAS Number: 25956-17-6
EC Number: 247-368-0
E number: E129
Molecular formula: C18H14N2Na2O8S2
Formula weight: 496.43
Allura Red AC is a red azo dye that goes by several names, including FD&C Red 40.
Allura Red AC is used as a food dye and has the E number E129.
Allura Red AC is usually supplied as its red sodium salt, but can also be used as the calcium and potassium salts.
These salts like Allura Red AC are soluble in water.
In solution, Allura Red ACs maximum absorbance lies at about 504 nm.
Applications of Allura Red AC:
Allura Red AC has been used:
-for the determination of fecal neutral sterols (FNS) in mice
-to evaluate its developmental toxicity
-as a coloring reagent for observing the experimental performance of liquid-handling robot
Allura Red AC is a lab-manufactured dye that’s used as a colorant in food, cosmetics, over-the-counter medicines, and even prescription drugs.
Allura Red AC’s what creates the bright red color in sodas, sauces, and cherry-flavored cough syrups.
Allura Red AC’s often the red used to color cosmetics and other items used on the skin, as well.
Allura Red AC is what is commonly used for things like cosmetics, red medicine coatings, candy coatings, and other solids.
Allura Red comprises disodium 2-hydroxy-1-nephthalene-6-sulfonate and is supported by subsidiary coloring matters in combination with sodium chloride/sodium sulfate as principal uncolored component. As a sodium salt, the organic compounds other than coloring matters it contains include 6-hydroxy-2-naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt (Not more than 0.3%); 6,6-oxybis disodium salt (Not more than 0.1%) and 4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methylbenzene sulfonic acid (Not more than 0.2%).
Description of Allura Red AC:
FD & C Red No. 40 is principally the disodium salt of 6-hydroxy5-[(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl)azo]2-napthalenesulfonic acid.
The colorant is a red powder that dissolves in water to give a solution red at neutrality and in acid and dark red in base.
Allura Red AC is slightly soluble in 95% ethanol.
Allura Red AC is primarily an artificial colorant. And it provides a deep red color to the product.
Allura Red AC is available in powder or granular form. Very good water solubility.
Allura Red AC is insoluble in ethanol.
Allura Red AC is also called synthetic azo dye.
Allura Red AC can come across with names such as Allura red, CI Food Red 17.
Not all of the foods with Allura Red AC are red.
You will also find it in brown, blue, green, orange, and even white food products, too.
Take pickles for example.
A combination of artificial dyes, including Allura Red AC, are used to give some pickles a more pronounced yellow-green color.
Can find Allura Red AC in a wide range of foods and beverages, including:
-Candy
-Condiments
-Snack foods
-Baked goods
-Beverages
-Salad dressings
-Dairy products
-Frozen desserts
-Breakfast cereals
-Fruit bars
-Sauces
Red 40 is a food color additive that manufacturers use to control the color of their products. Specifically, Red 40 makes food the color red.
The food coloring dye also comes with other names such as Allura Red AC, FD&C Red 40, Food Red 17, Cosmetic Ingredient 16035, and E129.
A synthetic azo dye, the chemical structure of Red 40 makes this compound soluble in water as well as having a dark red color.
Under a spectrophotometer, Allura Red ACs absorbance is about 504 nm which appropriately puts the compound in the range of the red color spectrum.
Uses of Allura Red AC:
Allura Red AC is a colorant.
Allura Red AC has good stability to ph changes from ph 3 to 8, showing no appreciable change.
Allura Red AC has excellent solubility in water with a solubility of 22 g/100 ml at 25°c.
Allura Red AC has very good stability to light, fair to poor stability to oxidation, good stability to heat, and shows no appreciable change in stability in 10% sugar systems.
Allura Red AC has a yellowish-red hue and has a very good tinctorial strength.
Allura Red AC has very good compatibility with food components and is used in beverages, desserts, candy, confections, cereals, and ice cream.
Allura Red AC, a food colourant, is dark red and water-soluble powder or granules used in various applications, such as in drinks, syrups, sweets and cereals.
Allura Red AC has the ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA through static quenching.
Purpose of Allura Red AC:
Allura Red AC is an artificial dye used to colour foods, medications, and cosmetics.
Description of Allura Red AC:
Byproducts of the petroleum industry are used to produce allura red.
In fact, many organic compounds used in food additives and pharmaceuticals come from petroleum products.
Allura Red AC looks like a dark red powder.
Common Uses of Allura Red AC:
Allura Red AC is commonly used in many processed foods including baked goods, candy, cereal, dairy products, drinks, sauces, and snacks.
Allura Red AC is a red azo dye that goes by several names, including FD&C Red 40.
Allura Red AC is used as a food dye and has the E number E129.
Allura Red AC is usually supplied as its red sodium salt, but can also be used as the calcium and potassium salts.
These salts are soluble in water. In solution, its maximum absorbance lies at about 504 nm.
Use as food color of Allura Red AC:
Allura Red AC is a popular dye used worldwide. Annual production in 1980 was greater than 2.3 million kilograms.
The European Union approves Allura Red AC as a food colorant.
In the United States, Allura Red AC is approved by the FDA for use in cosmetics, drugs, and food.
When prepared as a lake it is disclosed as Red 40 Lake or Red 40 Aluminum Lake.
Allura Red AC is used in some tattoo inks and is used in many products, such as cotton candy, soft drinks, cherry flavored products, children's medications, and dairy products.
Allura Red AC is by far the most commonly used red dye in the United States, completely replacing amaranth (Red 2) and also replacing erythrosine (Red 3) in most applications.
Allura Red AC is a red azo dye which looks like a dark red powder and used as a food dye.
Ungraded products supplied by TCI America are generally suitable for common industrial uses or for research purposes but typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.
USES of Allura Red AC:
Relatived to the maintenance and repair of automobiles, products for cleaning and caring for automobiles (auto shampoo, polish/wax, undercarriage treatment, brake grease)
Related to products specifically designed for children (e.g. toys, children's cosmetics, etc)
Related to all forms of cleaning/washing, including cleaning products used in the home, laundry detergents, soaps, de-greasers, spot removers, etc; modifiers included when specific information is known, such as drycleaning, laundry, soap, window/floor, etc
Term used for colorants, dyes, or pigments; includes colorants for drugs, textiles, personal care products (cosmetics, tatoo inks, hair dye), food colorants, and inks for printing; modifiers included when application is known
Allura Red AC can be used in many products.
Allura Red AC is widely used in confectionery.
Apart from that, it can be used in bakery products, flavored drinks, edible ice, desserts, meat products, dried fruits and vegetables.
Apart from the food sector, it is used in pharmacy, cosmetics and in the toy industry (play dough).
Use as a consumable coloring agent
Allura Red AC is a popular dye used worldwide. Annual production in 1980 was greater than 2.3 million kilograms.
Allura Red AC is a synthetic color additive or food dye made from petroleum .
Allura Red AC is one of the nine certified color additives approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in foods and beverages (2Trusted Source).
Allura Red AC is also approved as a food dye for use within the European Union (3).
Certified color additives must undergo FDA certification every time a new batch is produced to ensure they contain what they’re legally supposed to.
Conversely, exempt color additives do not require batch certification, but the FDA must still approve them before they can be used in foods or beverages.
Exempt color additives come from natural sources, such as fruits, vegetables, herbs, minerals, and insects .
Manufacturers use color additives in foods and beverages to enhance naturally occurring colors, add color for visual appeal, and offset color loss that may occur due to storage conditions.
Compared with their natural alternatives, synthetically produced color additives provide a more uniform color, blend easier, are cheaper, and do not add undesirable flavors .
For this reason, synthetic color additives are used more widely than natural color additives.
How to identify Allura Red AC?
As one of the most widely used color additives, Allura Red AC is found in a variety of foods and beverages, including :
Dairy products: flavored milk, yogurt, puddings, ice cream, and popsicles
Sweets and baked goods: cakes, pastries, candy, and chewing gum
Snacks and other items: breakfast cereals and bars, jello, fruit snacks, chips
Beverages: soda, sports drinks, energy drinks, and powdered drink mixes, including some protein powders
According to studies, breakfast cereals, juice drinks, soft drinks, baked goods, and frozen dairy desserts are the greatest contributors of synthetic food dyes in the diet.
Like other color additives, Allura Red AC is also used in the production of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals (4Trusted Source).
You can identify Allura Red AC by reading the ingredient list. Allura Red AC’s also known as:
Red 40
Red 40 Lake
FD&C Red No. 40
FD&C Red No. 40 Aluminum Lake
Allura Red AC
CI Food Red 17
INS No. 129
E129
While manufacturers are not required to list the amount of an ingredient used, they must list ingredients in descending order by weight.
This means that the first ingredient listed contributes the most by weight while the last ingredient listed contributes the least.
Allura Red AC (E129) is an azo dye that widely used in drinks, juices, bakery, meat, and sweets products.
High consumption of Allura Red has claimed an adverse effects of human health including allergies, food intolerance, cancer, multiple sclerosis, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, brain damage, nausea, cardiac disease and asthma due to the reaction of aromatic azo compounds (R = R′ = aromatic).
Several countries have banned and strictly controlled the uses of Allura Red in food and beverage products.
This review paper is critically summarized on the available analytical and advanced methods for determination of Allura Red and also concisely discussed on the acceptable daily intake, toxicology and extraction methods.
Physical Description of Allura Red AC:
Allura Red AC is principally the disodium salt of 6-hydroxy-5-[(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid.
Allura red is an orange red dye that has a red to brownish shade in applications.
Common Uses of Allura Red AC:
Allura Red AC is used in cereal, beverages, gelatins, puddings, dairy products, frozen treats, powder mixes, icings, jellies, spices, dressings, sauces, baked goods and confections.
FD&C Red No.
40 is also used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
Allura Red AC is a synthetic colouring agent that belongs to the class of monoazo dyes.
Manufacturing process of Allura Red AC:
Allura Red AC is manufactured by coupling diazotized 5-amino-4-methoxy-2-toluenesulphonic acid (also called 4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid or p-cresidine sulfonic acid, p-CSA) with 6- hydroxy-2-naphthalene sulphonic acid (the sodium salt is called Shaeffer’s salt) (HSDB, 2006). The resulting dye is purified and isolated as the sodium salt.
Allura Red AC may be converted to the corresponding aluminium lake under aqueous conditions by
reacting aluminium oxide with the colouring matter. Undried aluminium oxide is usually freshly prepared by reacting aluminium sulfate or aluminium chloride with sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate, or aqueous ammonia. Following lake formation, the product is filtered, washed with water, and dried.
Molecular formula C18H14N2Na2O8S2
Formula weight 496.43
CAS Registry Number 25956-17-6
Chemical name Disodium 6-hydroxy-5-[(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-
sulfophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenesulfonate
Synonyms Allura Red, Allura Red AC, INS No. 129, CI Food Red 17, CI
16035 (Colour Index, 1975), Food Red No. 40, E 129, certified
by USA as FD&C Red No. 40
Assay Not less than 85% total colouring matters
Description Dark red powder or granules
Functional uses Colour
Solubility Freely soluble in water and slightly soluble in 50% ethanol
Functional use
Allura Red AC is allowed as a food colour in the EU, Japan, Australia, USA, and other regions.
Allura Red AC is used in various types of foods including beverages, frozen treats, powder mixes, gelatin products, candies, icings, jellies, spices, dressings, sauces, baked goods, and dairy products
General description
Allura Red AC is a food azo dye.
Allura Red AC is a dark red powder or granules, that is soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol.
Chemical Properties
Red powder
Uses
Color additive in foods, drugs and cosmetics. Allura Red AC is used as a food dye and has the E number E129.
Uses
Color additive in foods, drugs and cosmetics.
Pharmaceutical related
-Includes spices, extracts, colorings, flavors, etc added to food for human consumption
-Personal care products, including cosmetics, shampoos, perfumes, soaps, lotions, toothpastes, etc
-General term used only when enough information is not provided to assign a more specific beauty/cosmetics/personal_care related term
-Subcategory of personal_care, includes fragrances, shampoos, make-up, etc.; appropriate modifiers included when known
-Products specifically designed for use by babies (includes diapers, baby toys, baby clothing, baby food, etc., with appropriate modifiers)
-General term used only when enough information is not provided to assign a more specific beauty/cosmetics/personalcare related term
-Products specifically designed for use by babies (includes diapers, baby toys, baby clothing, baby food, etc., with appropriate modifiers)
-Personal care products for general use on the body (body makeup, body powder, body treatments, body cleansers)
Oil-based or oil-soluble Allura Red AC food coloring, which is in the class of synthetic food dyes, is used in limited quantities in products permitted in the food codex.
Allura Red AC is used in ice cream production, iced beverages, carbonated drinks when necessary, fruit soda production.
In addition, it is used in the production of confectionery products, jellies, flavored beverages, chewing gum varieties with sugar and low sugar, bakery products, pastry, etc. in many food production.
Apart from food, it is also used in the coloring of many products that come into contact with people, such as medicine, cosmetics, detergent products, auto care products, very small amount of agricultural products, cleaning products, colored stones, play dough, etc.
Allura Red AC gives a bright red color and this food coloring is soluble in oil.
The European Union approves Allura Red AC as a food colorant, but EU countries' local laws banning food colorants are preserved. In the United States, Allura Red AC is approved by the FDA for use in cosmetics, drugs, and food. When prepared as a lake it is disclosed as Red 40 Lake or Red 40 Aluminum Lake.
Allura Red AC is used in some tattoo inks and is used in many products, such as cotton candy, soft drinks, cherry flavored products, children's medications, and dairy products.
Allura Red AC is occasionally used to dye medicinal pills, such as the antihistamine fexofenadine, for purely aesthetic reasons.
Allura Red AC is by far the most commonly used red dye in the United States, completely replacing amaranth (Red 2) and also replacing erythrosine (Red 3) in most applications due to the negative health effects of those two dyes.
Consumer Uses
Allura Red AC is used in the following products: biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), fertilisers, plant protection products, cosmetics and personal care products, inks and toners, washing & cleaning products, air care products and textile treatment products and dyes.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Article service life
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).
Allura Red AC can be found in products with material based on: paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper), stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material), fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys), leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery), wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys) and plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).
Widespread uses by professional workers
Allura Red AC is used in the following products: inks and toners, cosmetics and personal care products, paper chemicals and dyes, textile treatment products and dyes, plant protection products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), fertilisers, washing & cleaning products, non-metal-surface treatment products, leather treatment products and water treatment chemicals.
Allura Red AC is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing, printing and recorded media reproduction and building & construction work.
Allura Red AC is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur, wood and wood products, food products and pulp, paper and paper products.
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Formulation or re-packing
Allura Red AC is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Uses at industrial sites
Allura Red AC is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, inks and toners, paper chemicals and dyes, textile treatment products and dyes, metal surface treatment products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, fertilisers, plant protection products, leather treatment products and water treatment chemicals.
Allura Red AC is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing and building & construction work.
Allura Red AC is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur, wood and wood products, pulp, paper and paper products, chemicals and plastic products.
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles and in processing aids at industrial sites.
Allura Red AC consists essentially of disodium 2-hydroxy-1-(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfonato-phenylazo) naphthalene-6-sulfonate and subsidiary colouring matters together with sodium chloride and/or sodium sulphate as the principal uncoloured components.
Allura Red AC is manufactured by coupling diazotized 5-amino-4-methoxy-2-toluenesulphonic acid with 6-hydroxy-2-naphthalene sulphonic acid; Allura Red AC is described as the sodium salt.
The calcium and the potassium salt are also permitted.
IUPAC NAMES:
Allura Red AC; FD&C Red 40
disodium (5E)-5-[2-(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfonatophenyl)hydrazin-1-ylidene]-6-oxo-5,6-dihydronaphthalene-2-sulfonate
disodium 6-hydroxy-5-[(2-methoxy-3-methyl-4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate
Disodium 6-hydroxy-5-[(2-methoxy-4-sulphonato-m-tolyl)azo]naphthalene-2-sulphonate
disodium 6-hydroxy-5-[(E)-2-(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl)diazen-1-yl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate
SYNONYMS:
Allura Red AC
25956-17-6
Allura Red
Allura red AC dye
C.I. Food Red 17
Food red 17
Food Red No. 40
FD&C Red No. 40
Curry red
ALLURA RED C.I.16035
UNII-WZB9127XOA
CI 16035
Red No. 40
FD and C Red No. 40
FD & C Red no. 40
WZB9127XOA
MFCD00059526
2-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-hydroxy-5-((2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl)azo)-, disodium salt
E129
CI 16035; Food Red 17; Fancy Red;
Fancy Red
Disodium 6-hydroxy-5-((2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl)azo)-2-naphthalenesulfonate
Allura Red 40
FDC Red 40
CHEMBL174821
Japan Food Red No. 40
Disodium 6-hydroxy-5-[(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenesulfonate
2-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-hydroxy-5-[(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl)azo]-, disodium salt
sodium (E)-6-hydroxy-5-((2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl)naphthalene-2-sulfonate
C.I.16035
ALLURAREDAC
Japan Red 40
CCRIS 3493
HSDB 7260
disodium 6-hydroxy-5-[(E)-(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate
disodium;6-hydroxy-5-[(E)-(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate
2-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-hydroxy-5-(2-(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl)diazenyl)-, sodium salt (1:2)
2-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-hydroxy-5-[2-(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl)diazenyl]-, sodium salt (1:2)
Disodium 6-hydroxy-5-((6-methoxy-4-sulfo-m-tolyl)azo)-2-naphthalenesulfonate
2-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-hydroxy-5-((6-methoxy-4-sulfo-m-tolyl)azo)-, disodium salt
Allura Red AC, analytical standard
Allura Red AC, Dye content 80 %
Disodium 6-hydroxy-5-((2-methoxy-4-sulphonato-m-tolyl)azo)naphthalene-2-sulphonate
Disodium 6-hydroxy-5-((2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl)azo)-2-naphthalene- sulfonate
Allura Red AC 100 microg/mL in Water
6-Hydroxy-5-((2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl)azo)-2-naphthalene- sulfonic acid, disodium salt
Sodium 6-hydroxy-5-((2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl)naphthalene-2-sulfonate
disodium;(5Z)-5-[(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfonatophenyl)hydrazinylidene]-6-oxonaphthalene-2-sulfonate
